رمن

رُمَّانٌ [The pomegranate;] a certain fruit, (T,) the produce of a certain tree, (M,) well known: (T, S, M, K:) n. un. with ة: (S, M, Msb, K:) the sweet sort thereof relaxes the state of the bowels, and cough; the sour sort has the contrary effect; and that which is between sweet and sour is good for inflammation of the stomach, and pain of the heart: the رمّان has six flavours, like the apple; and is commended for its delicacy, its quick dissolving, and its niceness, or its elegance: (K:) رُمَّانٌ is of the measure فُعْلَانٌ accord. to Sb: (M in art. رم:) Kh, being asked by Sb respecting الرُّمَّان, (S,) or [rather] respecting رُمَّان, (M in art. رم,) when used as a proper name, (S,) said that he declined it imperfectly (S, M) when [thus made] determinate; (S;) and that he made it to accord to the majority, because its derivation is unknown, (S, M, *) i. e., that he regarded its ا and ن as augmentative: (S:) but accord. to Akh, the ن is radical, (S,) [i. e.] he held it to be of the measure فُعَّالٌ, making it to accord to many similar names of plants, (M,) like حُمَّاضٌ &c., (S, M,) فُعَّالٌ being more common than فُعْلَان; (S;) he meant, as applied to plants; for otherwise the contr. is the case: (TA:) [Fei says,] the measure is فُعَّالٌ, the ن being radical, and therefore the word is perfectly decl., unless when used as a proper name, in which case it is imperfectly decl., being made to accord to the majority [of proper names ending with ا and ن, as عُثْمَانُ &c.]. (Msb.) [Freytag mentions several varieties of رمّان, as follows: but the names, as given by him and here transcribed, require verification or correction: “ رمان القسطيسى, رمان المرسى, رمان العدسى, رمان الخزاينى, رمان الترحين, رمان المرونى, qui ad speciem dulcium pertinent: tum رمان شعرى dulce et corticem tenuissimum habens: رمان امليسى Malum Punicum maximum, esu gratissimum et acinorum expers: رمان السحى, رمان الدلوى, رمان الدوارى, sunt minoris magnitudinis, formæ rotundæ: رمان السفريا Malum Punicum magnitudine et sapore præstantissimum, a viro Sefri dicto ita appellatum, quod a Syria Cordubam regnante Abd-Alrahmano hanc speciem transtulerat: ” and he refers to “ Casiri, Bibl. Ar. Hisp. T. i. p. 329; and Avicenn. L. ii. p. 254; ” the latter of which authors only mentions the properties of the رمّان.] b2: رُمَّانُ السَّعَالِى [in the CK السُّعالَى] The white خَشْخَاش [or poppy]: or a species thereof. (K. [The heads of the poppy are called رُمَّانُ الخَشْخَاشِ because of their resemblance to pomegranates.]) b3: رُمَّانُ الأَنْهَارِ [Androsæmum; or hypericum majus;] the large species of هَيُوفَارِيقُون. (K.) b4: [In the present day, رُمَّانٌ and more properly رُمَّانَتَانِ are used as meaning (assumed tropical:) A young woman's breasts, when small and round; they being likened to pomegranates. In a saying of Umm-Zara, (mentioned in the M in art. رم,) رُمَّانَتَانِ seems to be used in this sense, or as meaning a woman's posteriors.] b5: The n. un., رُمَّانَةٌ, is also used, vulgarly, as meaning (assumed tropical:) The قَطِنَة [or third stomach, commonly called the manyplies, and by some the millet, of a ruminant animal]: (K in art. قطن:) or it signifies (assumed tropical:) the thing [or part] in which is the fodder, of the horse. (M and TA in art. رم and in the present art.) One says, مَلَأَتِ الدَّابَّةُ رُمَّانَتَهَا (assumed tropical:) [The beast filled its رمّانة]. (TA.) And أَكَلَ حَتَّى نَتَأَتْ رُمَّانَتَهُ, meaning (assumed tropical:) He ate until his navel with the parts around it projected. (TA.) b6: [(assumed tropical:) A knob of metal, of wood, and of silk, &c.: so called as resembling in shape a pomegranate.] b7: And [for the same reason] (assumed tropical:) The weight of a steelyard, or Roman balance. (MA.) [Also applied in the present day to (assumed tropical:) The steelyard itself; and so رُومَانَة.]

رُمَّانَةٌ n. un. of رُمَّانٌ [in the proper sense of this word, and also in several tropical senses expl. in the latter part of the next preceding paragraph]. (S, M, Msb, K.) رُمَّانِىٌّ [Of, or relating to, the pomegranate. b2: ] A seller of رُمَّان [or pomegranates]. (TA.) b3: [Of the colour of the pomegranate. b4: (assumed tropical:) Rubycoloured. b5: And, accord. to Golius, on the authority of a gloss in a copy of the KL, (assumed tropical:) The ruby itself.]

رُمَّانِيَّةٌ A kind of food prepared with pomegranates. (KL.) رُمَيْمِينَةٌ dim. of رُمَّانٌ [or rather of رُمَّانَةٌ, the n. un.]. (TA.) مَرْمَنَةٌ A place of growth of رُمَّان [or pomegranates], (T, K,) when they, (K,) or their stems, (T,) are numerous therein. (T, K.)

رهن

1 رَهَنَ, (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) aor. ـَ (Msb,) inf. n. رَهْنٌ, (S, TA,) or رُهُونٌ, (Msb,) It (a thing, S, Msb, TA) continued, subsisted, lasted, endured, remained, or remained fixed or stationary; it was, or became, permanent, constant, firm, steady, stead fast, stable, fixed, fast, settled, or established. (S, Mgh, Msb, K, TA.) This is the primary signification. (Mgh, TA. *) b2: Hence, (Mgh,) رَهَنَ بِالمَكَانِ (tropical:) He remained, stayed, dwelt, or abode, in the place. (A, Mgh, TA.) b3: And رَهَنَ, (JK, S, K,) aor. ـَ (K, TA,) or ـُ (JK, [but this I think to be a mis take,]) inf. n. رُهُونٌ, (K,) said of a man, and of a camel, (JK, S, * TA,) and of any beast (TA,) He was, or became, lean, or emaciated; (JK, S, K, TA;) and fatigued, tired, weary, or jaded. (JK, TA.) You say, رَكِبَ حَتَّى رَهَنَ He rode until he became lean, or emaciated. (ISh, TA. [See رَاهِنٌ.]) A2: As trans., see 4, first signification. b2: [Hence,] as a law term, رَهْنٌ signifies The putting, or placing, an article of real property [to remain] as a pledge, or security, or making it to be such, for a debt that is obligatory or that will become obligatory. (TA.) You say, رَهَنَهُ الشَّىْءَ, and رَهَنَهُ عِنْدَهُ, (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) aor. ـَ (K,) inf. n. رَهْنٌ (Msb, TA) [and رَهِينَةٌ, q. v. voce رَهْنٌ]; and ↓ ارهنهُ الشَّىْءَ; (S, K;) all signify the same; (S;) i. e. He deposited the thing with him (Msb, K) [as a pledge] to be in lieu of that which he had taken, or received, from him: (K:) [i. e. he pledged the thing to him, or with him:] and رَهَنْتُ المَتَاعَ بِالدَّيْنِ, inf. n. رَهْنٌ, I restricted the commodity or placed it in custody, for, or by reason of, the debt; and بالدين ↓ ارهنتهُ is a dial. var. thereof, but of rare occurrence, and disallowed by those who are held in esteem: (Msb:) for, properly, they say, (Msb,) زَيْدًا الثَّوْبَ ↓ أَرْهَنْتُ signifies I gave to Zeyd the garment, or piece of cloth, in order that he should deposit it as a pledge (Msb, K *) with some one. (Msb.) 'Abd-Allah Ibn Hemmám Es-Saloolee says, (S,) or Hemmám Ibn-Murrah, (TA,) مَالِكَا ↓ نَجَوْتُ وَ أَرْهَنْتُهُمْ فَلَمَّا خَشِيتُ أَظَافِيرَهُمْ [And when I dreaded their nails, I escaped, and gave them, or left with them, as a pledge, Málik]: thus, says Th, all relate the verse, except As, who says وَ أَرْهَنُهُمْ مالكا [i. e. leaving with them, as a pledge, Málik]: he likens this phrase to the say ing قُمْتُ وَ أَصُكُّ وَجْهَهُ; and this is a good way of explaining it; for the و is that which is a deno tative of state; the meaning being صَاكًّا وَجْهَهُ: [accord. to the former reading, in the opinion of Th,] the poet means I left Málik remaining with them; not as a pledge; because [when the leaving a thing as a pledge is meant, in his opinion,] one does not say, الشَّىْءَ ↓ أَرْهَنْتُ, but only رَهَنْتُهُ. (S, TA.) [See, however, 4.] You say also, رَهَنَهُ عَنْهُ, inf. n. رَهْنٌ, meaning He made him, or it, to be a pledge in lieu of him, or it: a poet, asserted by IJ to be a pagan, says, اِرْهَنْ بَنِيكَ عَنْهُمُ أَرْهَنْ بَنِىْ [Make thou thy sons to be pledges in lieu of them: in that case I will make my sons to be pledges: بَنِى being for بَنِىَّ]. (TA.) And رَهَنْتُهُ لِسَانِى (assumed tropical:) [I made my tongue to be as though it were a pledge to him, to be restrained, or to be used, for his sake or benefit]: in this case one should not say ↓ أَرْهَنْتُهُ; (IAar, K;) though one says thus of a garment, or piece of cloth, [&c.,] as well as رَهَنْتُهُ. (TA.) 3 رَاهُنْتُ فُلَانًا عَلَى كَذَا, (S, Msb,) inf. n. مُرَاهَنَةٌ, (S,) or رِهَانٌ, (Msb,) or both, (K, and so in a copy of the S,) I laid a bet, or wager, or stake, with such a one, for such a thing, (S, Msb, K, *) mostly (TA) said in relation to horses running a race, (JK, TA, *) to be taken by him who should outstrip, or overcome. (Msb.) b2: The inf. ns. also signify (tropical:) The contending [of two persons] to outstrip [in a race] upon horses, (K, TA,) and otherwise. (TA.) Hence the prov., هُمَا كَفَرَسَىْ رِهَانٍ [explained in art. فرس]. (JK.) 4 ارهن He made (a thing, Msb,) to continue, subsist, last, endure, remain, or remain fixed or stationary; to be, or become, permanent, can stant, firm, steady, steadfast, stable, fixed, fast, settled, or established; (S, * Mgh, * Msb, K; *) and so ↓ رَهَنَ; (K;) but the former is the more ap proved: (TA:) and also he found it to be so. (Msb.) You say, ارهن لَهُمُ الطَّعَامَ, (T, S, K, TA,) and الشَّرَابَ, (T, S, TA,) and المَالَ, (TA,) (tropical:) He continued, or made permanent, to them the food, (T, S, K, TA,) and the beverage, (T, S, TA,) and the property. (TA.) [And accord. to an expla nation of أُرْهِنَتْ (referring to dates), by 'Alee Ibn Hamzeh, cited in a marginal note in a copy of the S, in art. أَرْهَنَ, وهب signifies He prepared food, and continued it, or made it permanent.]

b2: [Hence ارهنهُ as used by some in another sense of رَهَنَهُ:] see 1, in six places. [That it is allowable to use it thus may be inferred from phrases here following.] b3: You say, أَرْهَنْتُ مَالِى I staked my property. (JK.) And أَرْهَنُوا بَيْنَهُمْ خَطَرًا They gave, of their own free will, what the party approved, whatever were its amount, to be to them a stake at a race. (TA.) And أَرْهَنْتُ بِهِ وَلَدِى (S, K, *) inf. n. إِرْهَانٌ, (S,) (assumed tropical:) I made my children to be as a stake for him, or it. (S, K. *) And ارهنهُ لِلْمَوْتِ (assumed tropical:) He resigned him to death. (IAar, TA.) And ارهن المَيِّتَ القَبْرَ (tropical:) He deposited the dead body in the grave [as a pledge to be rendered up on the day of resurrection]. (K, TA.) b4: Accord. to Az, (S, TA, in one copy of the S it is A'Obeyd,) أَرْهَنْتُ فِى السِّلْعَةِ signifies I bought the commodity for a dear, or an excessive, price; (S, K, TA;) gave largely for it until I obtained it: (TA:) accord. to ISk, I paid in advance for the commodity; syn. أَسْلَفْتُ; (S, TA;) and in the T it is said, [and in like manner in the JK,] that ارهن فِى كَذَا وَ كَذَا signifies اسلف فِيهِ: (TA:) [in the K it is said that أَرْهَنَهُ signifies أَسْلَفَهُ, as though it meant he lent him a sum of money &c.:] accord. to Er-Rághib, the proper meaning [of إِرْهَانٌ] is one's giving a com modity before [the full payment of] the price, and so making it to be pledged for the completion of its price. (TA.) A2: ارهنهُ also signifies He, or it, weakened him: (K:) [like أَوْهَنَهُ:] and rendered him lean, or emaciated. (TA.) And ارهن اللّٰهُ قُوَّتَهُ God weakened him; syn. أَوْهَنَهُ. (JK.) 6 تراهنا They two laid bets, wagers, or stakes, each with the other; syn. تَوَاضَعَا الرُّهُونَ. (TA.) And تراهن القَوْمُ The party contended together, every one of them laying a bet, wager, or stake, in order that the person outstripping should take the whole when he overcame. (Msb.) 8 ارتهن مِنْهُ He took, or received, from him a pledge. (K.) [Or] ارتهنهُ He took, or received, it as a pledge: (JK, Mgh:) or ارتهنهُ مِنْهُ he took, or received, it from him; namely, a pledge. (Msb.) b2: [Accord. to Freytag, ارتهنهُ بِهِ signifies He had him, or held him, as a pledge to him for it. And اُرْتُهِنَ He, or it, was given as a pledge. But for neither of these has he mentioned any authority.]10 إِسْتَرْهَنَ [استرهنهُ He asked him, or desired him, to pledge a thing with him: and, to give a pledge.] You say, اِسْتَرْهَنَنِى كَذَا فَرَهَنْتُهُ عِنْدَهُ [He asked me, or desired me, to pledge such a thing, or to deposit such a thing as a pledge, and I pledged it with him, or deposited it with him as a pledge]. (Mgh.) رَهْنٌ, originally an inf. n., (Msb,) is syn. with

↓ مَرْهُونٌ; (Mgh, Msb;) i. e. (Msb) it signifies [A pledge;] a thing deposited with a person (Msb, * K) to be in lieu of a thing that has been taken, or received, from him; (K;) or a thing that is deposited as a security for a debt: and ↓ رِهَانٌ has a similar meaning, but is specially applied to a thing that is deposited as a bet, or wager, or stake; and is likewise originally an inf. n.: (Er-Rághib, TA:) ↓ رَهِينَةٌ, also, is syn. with رَهْنٌ [as meaning the act of giving as a pledge], like as شَتِيمَةٌ is syn. with شَتْمٌ; the ة being added to give intensiveness to the significa tion: then, like رَهْنٌ, it is used as syn. with مَرْهُونٌ [in the sense explained above, as will be seen in what follows in this paragraph]; (IAth, TA;) [i. e.] رَهِينَةٌ is an inf. n. like شَتِيمَةٌ, applied to denote the pass. part. n. [used as a subst. pro perly so termed] like رَهْنٌ, not as an epithet; (Bd in lxxiv. 41;) [or, in other words,] رَهِينَةٌ signifies anything by reason of which a thing [such as a debt or the like] is restricted, or appro priated, to oneself; as also ↓ مُرْتَهَنَةٌ: (K: [I here follow two copies of the K, in which it is said, كُلُّ مَا احْتُبِسَ بِهِ شَىْءٌ فَرَهِينَةٌ وَ مُرْتَهَنَةٌ: in the CK, and in the copy of the K followed in the TA, فَرَهِينُهُ وَ مُرْتَهَنُهُ, which perverts the meaning, though ↓ رَهِينٌ and ↓ مُرْتَهَنٌ may be used in the same sense as رَهِينَةٌ and مُزْتَهَنَةٌ, as will be seen in the course of this paragraph: and in the TA, in the place of احْتُبِسَ, is put يحبس, meaning يُحْبَسُ: there is, however, this difference between ↓ رَهِينَةٌ and ↓ مُرْتَهَنَةٌ; that the former properly signifies a thing deposited as a pledge; and the latter, a thing taken, or received, as a pledge:]) the pl. of رَهْنٌ is رِهَانٌ (S, Mgh, Msb, K) and رُهُونٌ (Mgh, Msb, K) and رُهُنٌ, (Mgh, K,) this last said to be a pl. of رَهْنٌ by Aboo-' Amr Ibn-El-' Alà, but disap proved by Akh, because a word of the measure فَعْلٌ has not a pl. of the measure فُعُلٌ except in rare and anomalous instances, though he says that it may be [as it is said to be in the Msb] pl. of رِهَانٌ, which is pl. of رَهْنٌ, (S,) and Fr says that رُهُنٌ is pl. of رِهَانٌ, but this is denied in the M, because any pl. may not be pluralized except when there is express authority for it and when the case does not admit of any other decision; (TA;) and رُهْنٌ, also, is another pl. of رَهْنٌ, (TA,) [or rather it is a contraction of رُهُنٌ;] and another pl. of رَهْنٌ [or rather a quasi-pl. n.] is ↓ رَهِينٌ, (IJ, K,) like as عَبِيدٌ is of عَبْدٌ: (TA:) the pl. of ↓ رَهِينَةٌ is رَهَائِنُ. (S, K.) غَلِقَ الرَّهْنُ بِمَا فِيهِ. [The pledge became, or has become, per manent as a possession, with what was, or is, comprised in it,] is a prov., applied to him who has fallen into a case from which he cannot hope to escape: it is said in a trad., لَا يَغْلَقُِ الرَّهْنُ, (Meyd,) [i. e. The pledge shall not remain, or let not the pledge remain, in the hand of its receiver when its depositer is able to release it; for] لا is here either negative or prohibitive: you say, غَلِقَ الرَّهْنُ, aor. ـْ inf. n. غُلُوقٌ [or غَلَقٌ], meaning The pledge remained in the hand of the receiver when the depositor was able to release it: (Nh, cited in a copy of the “ Jámi' es-Sagheer: ”) the trad. means that the receiver of the pledge shall not have a right to it when the depositer has not released it within a certain time: for it was a custom in the Time of Ignorance for the receiver to keep possession of the pledge in this case; but El-Islám abolished it. (Meyd, * Nh.) Yousay also, هُوَ رَهْنٌ بِكَذَا and بكذا ↓ رَهِينَةٌ He, or it, is [a person, or thing,] pledged for such a thing: (IAth, TA:) or taken [as a pledge] for such a thing; as also ↓ رَهِينٌ and ↓ مُرْتَهَنٌ. (TA.) and أَنَا رَهْنٌ بِكَذَا and ↓ رَهِينٌ and ↓ رَهِينَةٌ I am taken [as a pledge] for such a thing. (Mgh.) and [hence,] أَنَا لَكَ رَهْنٌ بِكَذَا (JK, TA) and ↓ رَهِينَةٌ (TA) I am responsible, or a surety, to thee for such a thing. (JK, TA.) And بِقَيْدِهِ ↓ رِجْلُهُ رَهِينَةٌ [His leg, or foot, is a pledge for the safe-keeping of his shackle: for if the meaning were مَرْهُونَةٌ it would be رَهِينٌ, without ة]. (TA.) And الخَلْقُ المَوْتِ ↓ رَهَائِنُ [Mankind, or all created beings, are the pledges of death]. (TA.) And هُوَ رَهْنُ يَدِ المَنِيَّةِ [He is the pledge of the hand of death, or of fate, or destiny]; said of one when he has sought, or courted, death. (TA.) And يَدِى لَكَ رَهْنٌ [My hand is a pledge to thee]; by which is meant responsibility, or suretiship. (TA.) and قَبْرٍ ↓ إِنَّهُ لَرَهِينُ [Verily he is the pledge of a grave, which will render him up on the day of resurrection]. (TA.) It is said in the Kur lxxiv. 41, ↓ كُلُّ نَفْسٍ بِمَا كَسَبَتْ رَهِينَةٌ, meaning [Every soul is a thing] pledged with God [for what it shall have wrought; its works being regarded as a debt, for which it will be either released or held in custody to be punished everlastingly]: رهينة being an inf. n. like شَتِيمَةٌ applied to denote the pass. part. n. [in a manner before mentioned] like رَهْنٌ; for if it were an epithet [i. e. used in the proper sense of a pass. part. n.] the word would be رَهِينٌ. (Bd.) And in lii. 21 of the same, كُلُّ

↓ امْرِئٍ بِمَا كَسَبَ رَهِينٌ, i. e. [Every man is] pledged (مَرْهُونٌ, Bd, Jel) with God (عِنْدَ اللّٰهِ) for what he shall have wrought; so that if he have done good, He will release him; but other wise, He will destroy [or hold in confinement and punish] him; (Bd;) or to be punished for evil, and recompensed for good. (Jel.) And it is said in a trad., بِعَقِيقَتِهِ ↓ كُلُّ غُلَامٍ رَهِينَةٌ [Every boy that is born is a pledge for his عقيقة, i. e. for the victim that is to be sacrificed for him when his head is shaven the first time; which is com monly regarded as his ransom from the fire of Hell]: i. e., the عقيقة is absolutely necessary for him; wherefore he is likened, when not released from it, to a pledge in the hand of the receiver: El-Khattábee says that the best explanation of it is that of Ahmad Ibn-Hambal; that if the عقيقة be not sacrificed for the boy and he die an infant, he will not intercede for his parents. (TA.) b2: See also what next follows.

هُوَ رِهْنُ مَالٍ, (JK, K, TA,) with kesr, (K,) and ↓ رَهْنُهُ, (JK,) He is a manager, tender, or superintendent, of cattle, or camels &c.; or a good pastor thereof. (K, * TA.) رِهَانٌ, as a sing: see رَهْنٌ. b2: It is also a pl. of the latter word. (S, Mgh, Msb, K.) رَهِينٌ: see مَرْهُونٌ: and see also رَهْنٌ in six places.

رَهِينَةٌ, and its pl. رَهَائِنُ: see رَهْنٌ, in ten places.

رَاهِنٌ Continuing, subsisting, lasting, enduring, remaining, or remaining fixed or stationary, permanent, constant, firm, steady, steadfast, stable, fixed, fast, settled, or established. (S, * Mgh, Msb.) You say طَعَامٌ رَاهِنٌ (S, Mgh) Food that continues, or is permanent, &c. (Mgh.) And خَمْرٌ رَاهِنَةٌ Wine of which there is a con tinual, or constant, supply; uninterrupted, or unfailing. (TA.) And نِعْمَةُ اللّٰهِ رَاهِنَةٌ, i. e. [The bounty of God is] continual, permanent, or constant. (TA.) And حَالَةٌ رَاهِنَةٌ A state, or condition, continuing; remaining to the present time. (Es-Semeen, TA.) And هٰذَا رَاهِنٌ لَكَ meaning This is continual, or permanent, to thee; beloved by thee; and also as explained below. (TA.) b2: (tropical:) Remaining, staying, dwelling, or abid ing, in a place. (JK.) b3: Prepared. (K.) One says, هٰذَا رَاهِنٌ لَكَ meaning as explained above, and also This is prepared for thee. (TA.) b4: As an epithet applied to a man, and a camel, (JK, S, TA,) and any beast, (TA,) Lean, or emaciated; (JK, S, K, TA;) accord. to ISh, in consequence of riding, or disease, or some [other] accident: (TA:) and fatigued, tired, weary, or jaded. (JK, TA.) b5: And إِبِلٌ رَاهِنَةٌ Camels that will not, or do not, pasture upon the [plants, or tress, termed] حَمْض. (JK.) رَاهِنَةٌ The navel, with what surrounds it, (JK, Az, K,) in the outer part of the belly (JK) of the horse. (JK, Az, K.) إِرْهَانٌ A thong, or strap, that is bound upon the middle of the نِير [or yoke] that is upon the two bulls [drawing a plough]. (JK.) أُرْهُونٌ A girl, or young woman menstruating: (K:) seen by Az in the handwriting of Aboo Bekr El-Iyádee, but not seen by him on any other authority. (TA.) مَرْهُونٌ [Pledged; deposited as a pledge; or] restricted, or placed in custody, for, or by reason of, a debt; (S, * Msb;) originally مَرْهُونٌ بِالدَّيْنِ [or بِدَيْنٍ]; (Msb;) and ↓ رَهِينٌ signifies the same; (S, Msb;) and the fem. of this [or rather the subst. formed from it, for when it is used as a fem. epithet, having the sense of a pass. part. n., it is without ة, as remarked above, voce رَهْنٌ,] is رَهِينَةٌ. (S.) الأُمُورُ مَرْهُونَةٌ بِأَوْقَاتِهَا is expl. by مَكْفُولَةٌ [app. meaning Events are guaranteed, or pledged, for their times, to which they are limited by the decrees of God]. (TA.) See also رَهْنٌ.

مُرْتَهَنٌ: see رَهْنٌ, in two places.

مُرْتَهِنٌ One who takes, or receives, a رَهْن [or pledge]. (S.) مُرْتَهَنَةٌ: see رَهْنٌ, in two places.

سوع

1 سَاعَتِ الإِبِلُ, aor. ـُ (S, K,) inf. n. سَوْعٌ, (S,) The camels were left to themselves, (S, K,) without a pastor; (K;) as also ساعت with تَسِيعُ for its aor. and سَيْعٌ for its inf. n. (Sh.) 3 عَامَلَهُ مُسَاوَعَةً [He bargained with him for work by, or for, the hour,] is from السَّاعَةُ, like مُيَاوَمَةً from اليَوْمُ. (S, K. [See also the last sentence of the second paragraph of art. سعى.]) [It is added in the S, that neither of them is used otherwise than thus: but accord. to SM one says also,] ساوعهُ, inf. n. سِوَاعٌ, He hired him, or took him as a hireling, for the hour. (TA.) 4 اساعهُ He left to himself, or itself, left alone, or neglected, and lost, or destroyed, him, or it. (K.) Er-Rághib says, [but why, I do not well see,] that the meaning of neglecting, or the like, is imagined as derived from السَّاعَةُ. (TA.) You say, أَسَعْتُ الإِبِلَ I left the camels to themselves, left them alone, or neglected them. (S.) And رُبَّ نَاقَةٍ تُسِيعُ وَلَدَهَا حَتَّى تَأْكُلَهُ السِّبَاعُ, meaning [Scarce, or many, a she-camel] leaves to itself, or leaves alone, or neglects, her young one [so that the beasts of prey devour it]. (TA.) [See also 4 in art. سيع.]

A2: أَسْوَعَ He (a man, Zj) passed from سَاعَة to سَاعَة [i. e. time to time, or hour to hour]; (Zj, K;) as also اساع, inf. n. إِسَاعَةٌ: (Zj, TA:) or he remained behind, or held back, or delayed, for a سَاعَة [i. e. a time, or an hour]. (Ibn-'Abbád, K.) سَاعٌ: see سَاعَةٌ, in two places.

سَوْعٌ and ↓ سُوَاعٌ i. q. هدْءٌ, as used in the phrase, جَآءَنَا بَعْدَ سَوْعٍ مِنَ اللَّيْلِ [He came to us after a period, or portion, of the night; or after about a third or fourth part of the night had elapsed, when men were asleep, or at rest, and the night, and the foot of the passenger, were still; or after a third part of the night]: (S, K: *) or this phrase means he come to us after a سَاعَة [i. e. a short period, or an hour,] of the night. (TA.).

سَاعَةٌ [An hour;] one of the divisions of the night and the day; (Lth, K, TA;) both of which together consist of four and twenty of those divisions; each of them, when they are of equal length, consisting of twelve such divisions; (TA;) [also termed سَاعَةٌ فَلَكِيَّةٌ (an astronomical hour; fifteen دَرَجَات of time; sixty minutes of time;) because ساعة alone is often used in a vague sense, as meaning what is termed سَاعَةٌ زَمَانِيَّةٌ; i. e.] a time of night or of day: but used absolutely by the Arabs as meaning a time; a while; a space, or period; an indefinite [short] time; and a little while; (Msb;) a [short or] little portion, or division, [or space, or period,] of the night and of the day: (TA:) and السَّاعَةُ signifies the pre-sent time: (S, K:) pl. سَاعَاتٌ and ↓ سَاعٌ, (S, Msb, K,) [or the latter is rather a coll. gen. n. of which ساعة is the n. un.,] and سِوَاعٌ. (Msb.) It is used unrestricted in the Kur [vii. 32 and in other places], where it is said, لَا يَسْتَأْخِرُونَ سَاعَةً (Msb) They will not remain behind (Bd) for a time, or any while, (Msb,) or the shortest time: or they shall not seek to remain behind, by reason of intense terror. (Bd.) And so in a trad., where it is said, مَنْ رَاحَ فِى السَّاعَةِ الأُولَى Whoso goeth in the first time; not in the first astronomical ساعة, for then it would necessarily mean that he who should come in the latter part thereof would be on a par with the former person, which is not the case. (Msb.) [سَاعَةً signifies, as shown above, For, or during, an hour: and awhile; for a little while; during a short time; as in the phrase,] جَلَسْتُ عِنْدَكَ سَاعَةً I sat with thee, or at thine abode, for a little while, or during a short time. (TA.) [And فِى سَاعَةٍ, In a short time: in a moment. And السَّاعَةَ, Now: just now: this moment. And سَاعَتَئِذٍ, Then; at that time: or in that hour.] And مُذْ سَاعَةٌٍ [A little while ago;] in the first time near to us: (K in art. انف:) or this signifies السَّاعَةَ [expl. above]. (Zj, T and M in art. انف.) [And مِنْ سَاعَتِهِ At the moment thereof; instantly. Hence, سَمَّ سَاعَةٍ An instantaneous poison.] b2: السَّاعَةُ also signifies (tropical:) The resurrection; (S, K, TA;) the raising of mankind for the reckoning; also termed السَّاعَةُ الكُبْرَى: (Er-Rághib, B:) or the time thereof: (K:) because of the quickness with which its reckoning will be accomplished: (TA:) or because it will come suddenly upon mankind, in a moment, and all creatures will die at one cry. (Zj, Az, TA.) Hence, in the Kur [liv. 1], اِقْتَرَبَتِ السَّاعَةُ (tropical:) The resurrection [or the time thereof] hath drawn nigh. (Jel, TA.) And [in vii. 186 and lxxix. 42,] يَسْأَلُونَكَ عَنِ السَّاعَةِ (tropical:) They ask thee concerning the resurrection [or the time thereof]. (Bd, Jel, TA.) And [in xxxi. last verse and xliii. 85,] عِنْدَهُ عِلْمُ السَّاعَةِ (tropical:) With Him is the knowledge of the resurrection, (TA,) or of the time thereof. (Bd, Jel.) b3: Also (assumed tropical:) The death of one generation; termed, for distinction, السَّاعَةُ الوُسْطَى: as in the saying of Mohammad, when he saw 'AbdAllah Ibn-Uneys, إِنْ يَطُلْ عُمْرُ هٰذَا الغُلَامِ لَمْ يَمُتْ حَتَّى تَقُومَ السَّاعَةُ (assumed tropical:) [If the life of this boy last long, he will not die until the death of the generation shall come to pass]: accordingly it is said that he was the last that died of the Companions. (Er-Rághib, B.) b4: Also (assumed tropical:) The death of any man; termed, for distinction, السَّاعَةُ الصُّغْرَى: as in the Kur [vi. 31], قَدْ خَسِرَ الَّذَينَ كَذَّبُوا بِلِقَآءِ اللّٰهِ حَتَّى إِذَا جَآءَتْهُمُ السَّاٰعَةُ بَغْتَةً (assumed tropical:) [They have suffered loss who disbelieved in, or denied as false, the meeting with God until, when death came to them suddenly]. (Er-Rághib, B) b5: Also (assumed tropical:) Difficulty, distress, or affliction; and so ↓ السَّاعُ. (TA.) b6: And (assumed tropical:) Distance, or remoteness. (TA.) A2: See also سَائِعٌ.

سَاعَةٌ سَوْعَآءُ A severe, grievous, or distressing [hour or time]; (S, K;) like the phrase لَيْلَةٌ لَيْلَآءُ. (S.) سُوَاعٌ: see سَوْعٌ.

A2: Also, (S, K, [in the CK erroneously without tenween,]) and سَوَاعٌ, (Kh, K,) A certain idol (S, K) which belonged to the people of Noah, (S,) in whose time it was worshipped; then the deluge buried it, but Iblees exhumed it, and it was worshipped [again]; (K;) so says Lth; (TA;) then it became the property of [the tribe of] Hudheyl, (S, K,) and was at Ruhát, (S,) and pilgrimage was performed to it: (S, K:) or it belonged to [the tribe of] Hemdán: (Bd, TA:) Abu-l-Mundhir says, I have not heard the mention of it in the poems of Hudheyl: but one of the Arabs, in verse, mentions Hudheyl as paying devotion to it: (TA:) it is said that it had the form of a woman: (Har p. 362:) [if so, as a fem. proper name, it would be without tenween: but] it is mentioned in the Kur [lxxi. 22, and is there with tenween]. (TA.) [See also وَدٌّ.]

هُوَ ضَائِعٌ سَائِعٌ He is left to himself, left alone, or neglected. (S, * K, * TA.) ↓ سَاعَةٌ [is pl. of سَائِعٌ; and also signifies] In a state of perdition or destruction; perishing; or dying; in a pl. sense; like جَاعَةٌ as signifying جِيَاعٌ, (K,) and طَاعَةٌ as signifying مُطِيعُونَ. (TA.) مُسِيعٌ: see the following paragraph.

مِسْيَاعٌ A she-camel that leaves her young one so that the beasts of prey devour it: (Sh, K:) or a she-camel that goes away in the place of pasturing: (S:) belonging to this art. and to art. سيع, q. v. (K.) You say also, رَجُلٌ مِضْيَاعٌ مِسْيَاعٌ لِلْمَالِ [A man who is wont to neglect the camels or the like; or to leave them to themselves, or alone; or to lose them]; and accord. to A'Obeyd, مُضِيعٌ

↓ مُسِيعٌ. (S.)

سحف

1 سَحَفَهُ, (S, K, TA,) aor. ـَ (K, TA,) inf. n. سَحْفٌ, (S, TA,) He pared it, or peeled it, off; (S, K, TA;) namely, a thing; (TA;) and [particularly] the fat from the back (S, K) of the sheep or goat, (S, TA,) not of the she-camel, as is indicated by the context in the K, (TA,) by reason of its abundance, after which he roasted it, (S, TA,) i. e., accord. to the S, the fat, but correctly the sheep or goat: (TA:) so says ISK. (S, TA.) b2: And سَحَفَهُ, (Lth, TA,) inf. n. as above, (Lth, K, TA,) He removed it, or stripped it off, namely, hair from skin, so that none of it remained. (Lth, K, TA.) b3: Hence, (TA,) سَحَفَتِ الإِبِلُ (tropical:) The camels ate what they would. (K, TA.) b4: And سَحَفَتِ الرِّيحُ السَّحَابَ (assumed tropical:) The wind removed the clouds; (Lth, K;)as also

↓ أَسْحَفَتْهُ, (Zj, K, TA: in the CK اسْتَحَفَّتُهُ.) b5: سَحَفَ رَأْسَهُ, (S, K,) inf. n. as above, (TA,) He shaved his head (S, K, TA) so as to remove the hair utterly. (TA.) b6: سَحَفَ الشَّىْءَ, and النَّخْلَةَ وَغَيْرَهَا, (K,) aor. and inf. n. as above, (TA,) He burned the thing, and the palm-tree &c.; (K, TA;) in the case of the palm-tree, by kindling fire at the stumps of the branches, being unable to strip them off. (Aboo-Nasr, TA.) b7: and سَحَفَهُ He (i. e. God) caused him to be affected with سُحَاف, i. e. consumption, or ulceration of the lungs. (TA.) 4 اسحف He sold the fat termed سَحْفَة. (K.) A2: See also 1.

سَحْفٌ Fat, as a subst.: pl. سِحَافٌ. (TA.) An Arab of the desert said, أَتَوْنَا بِصِحَافٍ فِيهَا لِحَامٌ وَسِحَافٌ They brought us bowls in which were sorts of flesh-meat and of fat. (IAar K, * TA.) سَحْفَةٌ A piece, or portion, of fat; in a general sense: (TA:) or the portion of fat that is upon the back, (S, K, TA,) sticking to the skin, in the part between the two shoulder-blades, extending to the haunches: so says ISk: (S, TA:) or that is upon the two sides and the back: and it is never but from fatness: accord. to IKh, it is in all beasts except the camel: ISd says that, accord. to some, it is in the camel [also]. (TA.) b2: and [the dual] سَحْفَتَانِ The two sides of the tuft of hair that is between the lower lip and the chin: (Aboo-Sa'eed, K:) pl. سَحَفَاتٌ. (TA.) A2: See also سَحِيفٌ.

A3: [Freytag makes it to be also syn. with مَسْحَفٌ, as on the authority of the K, in which I do not find it in this sense.]

سُحَفَةٌ: see what next follows.

سُحَفْنِيَةٌ (in which the ن is augmentative, TA) A man having the head shaven; (IB, K, TA;) as also ↓ سُحَفَةٌ. (IB, TA.) b2: And with the article ال, What one has shaven off: thus it is sometimes a subst.; and sometimes, [i. e. in the former sense,] an epithet. (IB, TA.) A2: Also A certain beast, or creeping thing: (Seer, TA:) [SM says,] I think it is the سُلَحْفِيَة [or tortoise]. (TA.) سُحَافٌ Consumption; or ulceration of the lungs; syn. سِلٌّ. (S, K.) سَحُوفٌ A bucket (دَلْو) that takes, and bears away, the water that is in a well. (Seer, K.) A2: Also, applied to a she-camel, Of which the fat has gone away. (ISd, TA.) b2: And, applied to a sheep or goat, or to a ewe or she-goat, (شَاة,) Having a portion of fat such as is termed سَحْفَة, or two such portions of fat; as also ↓ أُسْحُوفٌ: (TA:) or, so applied, (S,) and applied to a she-camel, (S, K,) and to a he-camel, (K,) having abundance of سَحَائِف, (S, * K, TA,) pl. of سَحِيفَةٌ [q. v.]; or having abundance of the fat termed سَحْفَة. (TA.) b3: Also A she-camel long in the teats. (IDrd, K.) b4: And A she-camel narrow in the orifices of the teats. (IDrd, K.) b5: and A she-camel that drags her feet, or the extremities of her feet, upon the ground, in going along; (K, TA;) so say some; i. e., by reason of fatigue: a dial. var. of زَحُوفٌ. (TA.) b6: And A sheep, or ewe, thin in the wool of the belly. (K.) b7: In the K, three other meanings are erroneously assigned to this word; one of them belonging to سَحِيفَةٌ, and each of the others to سَحِيفٌ. (TA.) سَحِيفٌ, (ISk, S, Sgh, TA,) accord. to the context in the K سَحُوفٌ, which is wrong, in this and the next sense, (TA,) The sound of the mill when one grinds. (ISk, S, Sgh, K *) And The sound of the streaming of milk from the udder; (O, K, * TA;) as also ↓ سَحْفَةٌ. (K, * TA.) سَحِيفَةٌ The fat called سَحْفَةٌ that one has pared off from the back of a sheep or goat. (ISk, S.) b2: And sing. of سَحَائِفُ, (Lth, TA,) which signifirs The layers of fat between the layers [of flesh] of the flanks: and similar wide portions of fat that are seen adhering to the skin. (Lth, K, TA.) b3: Also A rain (مَطْرَةٌ) that sweeps away that along which it passes: (S, O, L, TA:) in the K, by the omission of كَسَفِينَةٍ, this meaning is erroneously assigned to سَحُوفٌ: accord. to As, a sharp rain, that sweeps away everything: and سَحِيقَةٌ, with ق, a vehement rain, consisting of large drops, but of little width: pls. سَحَائِفُ and سَحَائِقُ. (TA.) أُسْحُوفٌ: see سَحُوفٌ. b2: أُسْحُوفُ الأَحَالِيلِ, (K,) mentioned by ISh, on the authority of Aboo-Aslam, (TA,) and إِسْحَوْفُ الاحاليل, (K,) thus accord. to Sb, (TA,) A she-camel wide in the orifices of the teats: (Aboo-Aslam, K:) or having much milk, the streaming of which causes a sound to be heard. (Aboo-Málik, K, * TA.) مَسْحَفٌ The mark, or track, of a serpent, upon the ground; (Ibn-'Abbád, K;) as also مَزْحَفٌ. (TA.) أَرْضٌ مُسْحَفَةٌ, with fet-h [to the ح, or perhaps to the م and ح], A land of which the herbage is thin [or scanty]: mentioned in the K in art. سخف, as being [written مُسْخِفَةٌ,] like مَحْسِنَةٌ. (TA.) مِسْحَفَةٌ A thing with which flesh, or flesh-meat, is pared. (Ibn-'Abbád, K.) مَسْحُوفٌ A man affected with سُحَاف, i. e. consumption, or ulceration of the lungs; (S;) syn. مَسْلُولٌ. (K.)

سوق

1 سَاقَ المَاشِيَةَ, (S, K,) or النَّعَمَ, (Mgh,) or الدَّابَّةَ, (Msb,) aor. ـُ (S, Mgh, Msb,) inf. n. سَوْقٌ (S, Mgh, Msb, K) and سِيَاقٌ, (S, [so in both of my copies, but it is said in the JK that this latter is used in relation to death, and such is generally the case,]) or سَيَاقٌ, like سَحَابٌ, (TA, [but this I have not found elsewhere, and I doubt its correctness,]) and سِيَاقَةٌ and مَسَاقٌ, (O, K, TA,) He drove the cattle [or the beast]; he urged the cattle [or the beast] to go; (Mgh;) and ↓ استاقها signifies the same, (S, K,) as also ↓ اساقها, and ↓ سوّقها; (TA;) or تَسْوِيقٌ, the inf. n. [or this last], signifies the driving well: (KL:) [and accord. to Freytag, ↓ استساق, followed by an accus., signifies the same as سَاقَ as expl. above; but for this he names no authority.] Hence, in the Kur [lxxv. 30], إِلَى رَبِّكَ يَوْمَئِذٍ المَسَاقُ (TA) i. e. To thy Lord, and his judgment, on that day, shall be the driving. (Bd, Jel.) And the saying, in a trad., لَاتَقُومُ السَّاعَةُ حَتَّى يَخْرُجَ رَجُلٌ مِنْ قَحْطَانَ يَسُوقُ النَّاسَ بِعَصًاهُ [properly rendered The resurrection, or the hour thereof, shall not come to pass until a man come forth from the tribe of Kahtán driving the people with his staff], allusive to his having the mastery over them, and their obeying him; the staff being mentioned only to indicate his tyrannical and rough treatment of them. (TA.) [And hence the saying, ساق عَلَىَّ فُلَانًا (assumed tropical:) He urged such a one to intercede for him with me.] b2: [Hence also,] سَاقَهُ القَدَرُ إِلَى مَا قُدِّرَ لَهُ (assumed tropical:) [Destiny drove him, or impelled him, to that which was destined for him]. (TA.) [And in like manner one says of desire, &c.] b3: And ساق إِلَى

المَرْأَةِ مَهْرَهَا, (K,) or صَدَاقَهَا, (S, Msb,) inf. n. سِيَاقٌ; (TA;) and ↓ اساقهُ; (Msb, K;) (tropical:) He sent to the woman her dowry; (K, TA;) or conveyed it, or caused it to be conveyed, to her; (Msb;) though consisting of dirhems or deenárs; because the dowry, with the Arabs, originally consisted of camels, which are driven. (TA.) And hence, مَاسُقْتَ إِلَيْهَا, meaning (assumed tropical:) What didst thou give her as her dowry? occurring in a trad.; or, as some related it, مَا سُقْتَ مِنْهَا, i. e. What didst thou give for her, or in exchange for her? (TA.) and ساق إِلَيْهِ الشَّىْءَ (assumed tropical:) [He made, or caused, the thing to go, pass, or be conveyed or transmitted, to him; he sent to him the thing]. (M and K in art. اتى.) And ساق إِلَيْهِ خَيْرًا (tropical:) [He caused good, or good fortune, to betide him]. (TA.) and ساق لِأَرْضِهِ أَتِيًّا (assumed tropical:) [He made a rivulet, or a channel for water, to run to his land], (M in art. اتى.) b4: [Hence likewise,] سَاقَتِ الرِّيحُ السَّحَابَ (tropical:) [The wind drove along the clouds]. (S, * TA.) b5: [And ساق الحَدِيثَ, inf. n. سِيَاقٌ and سَوْقٌ and مَسَاقٌ, (tropical:) He carried on the narrative, or discourse.] You say, فُلَانٌ يَسُوقُ الحَدِيثَ أَحْسَنَ سِيَاقٍ (tropical:) [Such a one carries on the narrative, or discourse, in the best manner of doing so]. (Mgh, TA.) and إِلَيْكَ يُسَاقُ الحَدِيثُ (tropical:) [To thee as its object the narrative, or discourse, is carried on]. (TA.) And كَلَامٌ مَسَاقُهُ إِلَى كَذَا (tropical:) [Speech whereof the carrying-on is pointed to such a thing]. (TA.) And جِئْتُكَ بِالحَدِيثِ عَلَى سَوْقِهِ (tropical:) [I uttered to thee the narrative, or discourse, after the proper manner of the carrying-on thereof]. (TA.) [In like manner also one says,] ساق الأُمُورَ أَحْسَنَ مَسَاقٍ (assumed tropical:) [He carried on, or prosecuted, affairs, or the affairs, in the best manner of doing so]. (A in art. حوذ.) b6: سَوْقُ المَعْلُومِ مَسَاقَ غَيْرِهِ [from ساق الحَدِيثَ expl. above] means (assumed tropical:) The asking respecting that which one knows in the manner of one's asking respecting that which he knows not: a mode of speech implying hyperbole: as when one says, أَوَجْهُكَ هٰذَا أَمْ بَدْرٌ [Is this thy face or a full moon?]. (Kull p. 211.) b7: ساق said of a sick man, (K,) and ساق نَفْسَهُ, [app. thus originally,] (Ks, Msb, TA,) and ساق بِنَفْسِهِ, (TA,) aor. ـُ (Ks, S, O, Msb, TA,) inf. n. سِيَاقٌ, (S, O, Msb, K,) originally سِوَاقٌ, (TA,) and سَوْقٌ (O, K) and سُؤُوقٌ, (TA,) (tropical:) He cast forth, or vomited, his soul; (Ks, TA;) he gave up his spirit; or was at the point of death, in the agony of death, or at the point of having his soul drawn forth; (S, O, Msb, TA;) or he began to give up his spirit, or to have his soul drawn forth. (K.) You say, رَأَيْتُ فُلَانًا يَسُوقُ (tropical:) I saw such a one giving up his spirit at death. (S, O, TA.) And رَأَيْتُ فُلَانًا بِالسَّوْقِ [or فِى السِّيَاقِ, as in the Msb,] (tropical:) I saw such a one in the act [or agony] of death; and يُسَاقُ [having his soul expelled], inf. n. سَوْقٌ: and إِنَّ نَفْسَهُ لَتُسَاقُ (tropical:) [Verily his soul is being expelled]. (ISh, TA.) A2: سَاقَهُ, (K,) first Pers\. سُقْتُهُ, (S,) aor. as above, inf. n. سَوْقٌ, (TA,) also signifies He hit, or hurt, his (another man's, S) سَاق [or shank]. (S, K.) 2 سوّق, inf. n. تَسْوِيقٌ: see 1, first sentence. b2: سوّق فُلَانًا أَمْرَهُ (assumed tropical:) He made such a one to have the ruling, or ordering, of his affair, or case. (Ibn-'Abbád, K.) b3: See also 5.

A2: Said of a plant, (TA,) or of a tree, (K,) more properly of the former, (TA,) (assumed tropical:) It had a سَاق [i. e. stem, stock, or trunk]. (K, TA.) 3 ساوقهُ He vied, or competed, with him, in driving: (K: [in the CK, for فى السَّوْقِ, is put فى السُّوْقِ:]) or he vied, or competed, with him to decide which of them twain was the stronger; from the phrase قَامَتِ الحَرْبُ عَلَى سَاقٍ. (S.) [Hence,] one says بَعِيرٌ يُسَاوِقُ الصَّيْدَ (tropical:) [A camel that vies with the animals of the chase in driving on, or in strength]. (JK, Ibn-'Abbád, O, K, TA.) b2: مُسَاوَقَةٌ is also syn. with مُتَابَعَةٌ [app. as meaning (assumed tropical:) The making to be consecutive, or successive, for it is added], as though driving on one another, or as though one portion were driving on another. (TA. [See 6, its quasi-pass.].) b3: [Freytag also assigns to ساوق the meaning of He, or it, followed (secutus fuit), as on the authority of the Hamáseh; but without pointing out the page; and it is not in his index of words explained therein.]4 أَسْوَقَ see 1, in two places. b2: أَسَقْتُهُ إِبِلًا I made him to drive camels: (K:) or I gave to him camels, to drive them: (S, TA:) or (tropical:) I made him to posses camels. (TA.) 5 تسوّق القَوْمُ The people, or party, [trafficked in the سُوق, or market; or] sold and bought: (S, TA:) the vulgar say ↓ سَوَّقُوا. (TA.) 6 تساوقت الإِبِلُ (tropical:) The camels followed one another; (Az, O, Msb, K, TA;) and in like manner one says تَقَاوَدَت; (O, K, * TA;) as though, by reason of their weakness and leanness, some of them held back from others. (TA.) and تساوقت الغَنَمُ (tropical:) The sheep, or goats, pressed, one upon another, (K,) or followed one another, (O,) in going along, (O, K,) as though driving on one another. (O.) [See also 7.] b2: The lawyers say, تساوقت الخِطْبَتَانِ, meaning (tropical:) [The two demandings of a woman in marriage] were simultaneous: but [Fei says] I have not found it in the books of lexicology in this sense. (Msb.) 7 انساقت المَاشِيَةُ The cattle went, or went along, being driven; [or as though driven; or drove along;] quasi-pass. of سَاقَهَا. (S, TA.) and انساقت الإِبِلُ [has the like signification: or means] (assumed tropical:) The camels became consecutive. (TA. [See also 6.]) 8 إِسْتَوَقَ see 1, first sentence.10 إِسْتَسْوَقَ see 1, first sentence.

سَاقٌ The shank; i. e. the part between the knee and the foot of a human being; (Msb;) or the part between the ankle and the knee (K, TA) of a human being; (TA;) the ساق of the human foot: (S, TA:) and [the part properly corresponding thereto, i. e. the thigh commonly so called, and also the arm, of a beast;] the part above the وَظِيف of the horse and mule and ass and camel, and the part above the كُرَاع of the ox-kind and sheep or goat and antelope: (TA:) [it is also sometimes applied to the shank commonly so called, of the hind leg, and, less properly, of the fore leg, of a beast: and to the bone of any of the parts above mentioned: and sometimes, by synecdoche, to the hind leg, and, less properly, to the fore leg also, of a beast: it generally corresponds to ذِرَاعٌ: of a bird, it is the thigh commonly so called: and sometimes the shank commonly so called: and, by synecdoche, the leg:] it is of the fem. gender: (Msb, TA:) and for this reason, (TA,) the dim. is ↓ سُوَيْقَةٌ: (Msb, TA:) the pl. [of mult.] is سُوقٌ (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K) and سِيقَانٌ and [of pauc.] أَسْؤُقٌ, (S, O, K,) the و in this last being with ء in order that it may bear the dammeh. (O, K.) A poet says, لِلْفَتَى عَقْلٌ يَعِيشُ بِهِ حَيْثُ تَهْدِى سَاقَهُ قَدَمُهْ meaning The young man has intelligence whereby he lives when his foot directs aright his shank. (IAar, TA.) And one says of a man when difficulty, or calamity, befalls him, كَشَفَ عَنْ سَاقِهِ [lit. He uncovered his shank; meaning (assumed tropical:) he prepared himself for difficulty]: so says IAmb: and hence, he says, (TA, [in which a similar explanation is cited from ISd also,]) they mention the ساق when they mean to express the difficulty of a case or an event, and to tell of the terror occasioned thereby. (K, TA.) Thus, the saying يَوْمَ يُكْشَفُ عَنْ سَاقٍ, (S, K, TA,) in the Kur [lxviii. 42], (S, TA,) [lit. On a day when a shank shall be uncovered,] means (assumed tropical:) on a day when difficulty, or calamity, shall be disclosed. (I'Ab, Mujáhid, S, K, TA.) It is like the saying, قَامَتِ الحَرْبُ عَلَى سَاقٍ, (S, TA,) which means (assumed tropical:) The war, or battle, became vehement, (Msb in this art. and in art. حرب,) so that safety from destruction was difficult of attainment: (Id. in art. حرب:) and كَشَفَتِ الحَرْبُ عَنْ سَاقٍ, [as also شَمَّرَتْ عَنْ سَاقِهَا,] i. e. (assumed tropical:) The war, or battle, became vehement. (Jel in lxviii. 42.) And in like manner, وَالْتَفَّتِ السَّاقُ بِالسَّاقِ, (K, TA,) in the Kur [lxxv. 29], (TA,) means (assumed tropical:) And the affliction of the present state of existence shall be combined with that of the final state: (K, TA:) or it means when the [one] leg shall be inwrapped with the other leg by means of the grave-clothes. (TA.) One says also, قَامَ القَوْمُ عَلَى سَاقٍ (assumed tropical:) The people or party, became in a state of toil, and trouble, or distress. (TA.) And قَرَعَ لِلْأَمْرِ سَاقَهُ, [originating from one's striking the shin of his camel in order to make him lie down to be mounted; lit. He struck his shank for the affair;] meaning (assumed tropical:) he prepared himself for the thing, or affair; syn. تَشَمَّرَ: (JK:) or he was, or became, light, or active, and he rose, or hastened, to do the thing; or (assumed tropical:) he applied himself vigorously, or diligently, or with energy, to the thing, or affair; i. q. شَمَّرَ لَهُ [q. v.]; (TA;) or تَجَرَّدَ لَهُ. (A and TA in art. قرع [q. v.: see also ظُنْبُوبٌ, in several places].) [It is also said that] أَوْهَتْ بِسَاقٍ means كِدْتُ

أَفْعَلُ [i. e. I nearly, or almost, did what I purposed: but this explanation seems to have been derived only from what here, as in the TA, immediately follows]: Kurt says, describing the wolf, وَلٰكِنِّى رَمَيْتُكَ مِنْ بَعِيدٍ

فَلَمْ أَفْعَلْ وَقَدْ أَوْهَتْ بِسَاقِ [i. e., app., But I shot at thee from afar, and I did not what I purposed, though it (the shot, الرَّمْيَةُ, I suppose, being meant to be understood,) maimed a shank: which virtually means, though I nearly did what I purposed: the poet, I assume, says اوهت بساق for the sake of the measure and rhyme, for أَوْهَتْ سَاقًا: see what is said, in the explanations of the preposition بِ, respecting the phrase وَامْسَحُوا بِرُؤُسِكُمْ]. (TA.) b2: By a secondary application, سَاقٌ signifies (assumed tropical:) [A greave; i. e.] a thing that is worn on the ساق [or shank] of the leg, made of iron or other material. (Mgh.) b3: Also (tropical:) [The stem, stock, or trunk, i. e.] the part between the أَصْل [here meaning root, or foot, (though it is also syn. with ساق in the sense in which the latter is here explained,)] and the place where the branches shoot out; (TA;) or the support; (Msb;) or the جِذْع; (S, K;) of a tree, or shrub: (S, Msb, K, TA:) pl. [of mult.]

سُوقٌ (Msb, TA) and سُوقٌ and سُوُوقٌ and سُؤُوقٌ and [of pauc.] أَسْوُقٌ and أَسْؤُقٌ. (TA.) It is related in a trad. of Mo'áwiyeh, that a man said, I applied to him to decide in a litigation with the son of my brother, and began to overcome him therein; whereupon he said, Thou art like as Aboo-Duwád says, أَنَّى أُتِيحَ لَهُ حِرْبَآءُ تَنْضُبَةٍ

لَا يُرْسِلُ السَّاقَ إِلَّا مُمْسِكًا سَاقَا [Whencesoever, or however, a preparation is made for him, to catch him, he is like a chameleon of a tree of the kind called تَنْضُب, he will not loose the stem thereof unless grasping a stem]: he meant that no plea of his came to nought but he clung to another; likening him to the chameleon, which places itself facing the sun, and ascends half-way up the tree, or shrub, then climbs to the branches when the sun becomes hot, then climbs to a higher branch, and will not loose the former until it grasps the other. (O, TA. *) b4: [Hence, perhaps, as it seems to be indicated in the O,] one says, وَلَدَتْ فُلَانَةُ ثَلَاثَةَ بَنِينَ عَلَى سَاقٍ, (K, [in the copies of which, however, I find ثَلَاثَ put for ثَلَاثَةَ,]) or عَلَى سَاقٍ وَاحِدٍ, (S,) or وَاحِدَةٍ, (O,) i. e. (tropical:) Such a woman brought forth three sons, one after another, without any girl between them: (S, O, K, TA:) so says ISk: and وُلِدَ لِفُلَانٍ ثَلَاثَةُ

أَوْلَادٍ سَاقًا عَلَى سَاقٍ, i. e. (tropical:) Three children were born to such a one, one after another. (TA.) and بَنَى القَوْمُ بُيُوتَهُمْ عَلَى سَاقٍ وَاحِدٍ (assumed tropical:) [The people, or party, built their houses, or constructed their tents, in one row or series]. (TA.) b5: سَاقٌ also signifies (assumed tropical:) The soul, or self; syn. نَفْسٌ: hence the saying of 'Alee (in the war of the [schismatics called] شُرَاة), لَابُدَّ لِى مِنْ قِتَالِهِمْ وَلَوْ تَلِفَتْ سَاقِى (assumed tropical:) [There is not for me any way of avoiding combating them, though my soul, or self, should perish by my doing so]. (Abu-l-' Abbás, O, TA.) So too in the saying, قَدَحَ فِى سَاقِهِ [as though meaning (tropical:) He cankered his very soul]: (IAar, TA in art. قدح:) [or] he deceived him, and did that which was displeasing to him: (L in that art.:) or (tropical:) he impugned his honour, or reputation; from the action of canker-worms (قَوَادِح) cankering the stem, or trunk, of a shrub, or tree. (A in that art.) A2: سَاقُ حُرٍّ [is said to signify] The male of the قَمَارِىّ [or species of collared turtle-doves of which the female is called قُمْرِيَّةٌ (see قُمْرِىٌّ)]; (S, Msb, K;) i. e. the وَرَشَان: (S, Msb:) the former appellation being given to it as imitative of its cry: (As, K:) it has neither fem. nor pl.: (AHát, TA:) or السَّاقُ is the pigeon; and الحُرُّ, its young one: (Sh, K:) the poet Ibn-Harmeh uses the phrase كَسَاقِ ابْنِ حُرٍّ. (O, TA.) [See more in art. حر.]

سَوْقٌ: see سِيَاقٌ.

سُوقٌ [A market, mart, or fair;] a place in which commerce is carried on; (ISd, Msb, TA;) a place of articles of merchandise: (Mgh, TA:) so called because people drive their commodities thither: (TA:) [in the S unexplained, and in the K only said to be well-known:] of the fem. gender, and masc., (S, Mgh, Msb, K, *) the former in the dial. of the people of El-Hijáz, and the latter in that of Temeem, (S and Msb voce زُقَاقٌ, q. v.,) the former the more chaste, or the making it masc. is a mistake: (Msb:) pl. أَسْوَاقٌ: (TA:) the dim. is ↓ سُوَيْقَةٌ [with ة, confirming the opinion of those who hold سُوقٌ to be only fem.]: also signifying merchandise, syn. تِجَارَةٌ; as in the phrase, جَاءَتْ سُوَيْقَةٌ [Merchandise came]. (TA.) b2: [Hence,] سُوقُ الحَرْبِ (tropical:) The thickest, or most vehement part (حَوْمَة) of the fight; (S, K, TA;) and so الحَرْبِ ↓ سُوقَةُ; i. e. the midst thereof. (TA.) سَوَقٌ Length of the shanks: (S, K:) or beauty thereof: (K:) or it signifies also beauty of the shank. (S.) سَاقَةٌ (tropical:) The rear, or hinder part, of an army: (S, Mgh, K, TA:) pl. of ↓ سَائِقٌ; being those who drive on the army from behind them, and who guard them: (TA:) or as though pl. of سَائِقٌ, like as قَادَةٌ is of قَائِدٌ. (Mgh.) And hence, سَاقَةُ الحَاجِّ (tropical:) [The rear of the company of pilgrims]. (TA.) سُوقَةٌ (assumed tropical:) A subject, and the subjects, of a king; (K, TA;) so called because driven by him; (TA;) contr. of مَلِكٌ; (S, Mgh, Msb;) whether practising traffic or not: (Mgh:) not meaning of the people of the أَسْوَاق [or markets], as the vulgar think; (Msb;) for such are called سُوقِيُّونَ, sing.

سُوقِىٌّ: (Ham p. 534:) it is used alike as sing. and pl. (S, Mgh, Msb, K) and dual (Mgh, Msb) and masc. and fem.: (S, K:) but sometimes it has سُوَقٌ for its pl. (S, K.) A2: سُوقَةُ الطُّرْثُوثِ [in the CK, erroneously, التُّرْثُوثِ] The part of the [plant called] طرثوث that is below the نِكْعَة [or نَكَعَة or نُكَعَة, which is the head from the top to the extent of a finger, or the flower at the head thereof]; (O, K;) sweet and pleasant: so says Ibn-' Abbád: (O:) AHn says [of the طرثوث], it is like the penis of the ass, and there is no part of it more pleasant, nor sweeter, than its سوقة; which is in some instances long; and in some, short. (TA.) A3: See also سُوقٌ, last sentence.

سُوقِىٌّ [Of, or relating to, the سُوق, or market]. Its pl., سُوقِيُّونَ, means The people of the سُوق (Ham p. 534.) b2: [Hence,] أَدِيمٌ سُوقِىٌّ A skin, or hide, prepared, or dressed; in a good state: or not prepared or dressed: it is ascribed to the vulgar: and there is a difference of opinion respecting it: the second [explanation, or meaning,] is that which is commonly known. (TA.) سَوِيقٌ Meal of parched barley (شَعِير), or of [the species thereof, or similar grain, called] سُلْت, likewise parched; and it is also of wheat; but is mostly made of barley (شعير); (MF, TA;) what is made of wheat or of barley; (Msb, TA;) well known: (S, Msb, K, TA:) [it is generally made into a kind of gruel, or thick ptisan, being moistened with water, or clarified butter, or fat of a sheep's tail, &c.; (see لَتَّ;) and is therefore said (in the Msb in art. حسو and in the KT voce أَكْلٌ, &c.,) to be supped, or sipped, not eaten: but it is likewise thus called when dry; and in this state is taken in the palm of the hand and conveyed to the mouth, or licked up: (see حَافّق, and قَمِحَ:) it is also made of other grains beside those mentioned above; and of several mealy fruits; of the fruit of the Theban palm; (see حَتِىٌّ;) and of the carob; (see خَرُّوبٌ;) &c.:] it is also, sometimes, with ص: so says IDrd in the JM: and he adds, I think it to be of the dial. of Benoo-Temeem: it is peculiar to that of Benul-' Ambar: (O, TA:) the n. un. [meaning a portion, or mess, thereof] is with ة: (AAF, TA in art. جش:) and the pl. is أَسْوِقَةٌ. (TA.) b2: and Wine: (AA, K:) also called سَوِيقُ الكَرْمِ. (AA, TA.) سِيَاقٌ [an inf. n. of 1 (q. v.) in several senses. b2: As a subst., properly so termed,] (tropical:) A dowry, or nuptial gift; (K, TA;) as also ↓ سَوْقٌ [which is likewise originally an inf. n.: see 1]. (TA.) b3: [Also, as a subst. properly so termed, (assumed tropical:) The following part of a discourse &c.; opposed to سِبَاقٌ: you say سِبَاقُ الكَلَامِ وَسِيَاقُهُ (assumed tropical:) the preceding and following parts of the discourse; the context, before and after: see, again 1. And (assumed tropical:) The drift, thread, tenour, or scope, of a discourse &c.]

سُوَيْقَةٌ dim. of سَاقٌ, q. v.: (Msb, TA:) A2: and of سُوقٌ, also, q. v. (TA.) سَوَّاقٌ: see سَائِقٌ.

A2: Also A seller, and a maker, of سَوِيق. (Mgh.) سُوَّاقٌ Long in the سَاق [or shank]. (AA, K. [See also أَسْوَقُ.]) b2: And (assumed tropical:) Having a سَاق [or stem]; applied to a plant. (Ibn-Abbád, K.) b3: And (assumed tropical:) The طَلْع [or spadix] of a palm-tree, when it has come forth, and become a span in length. (K.) سَائِقٌ [Driving, or a driver;] the agent of the verb in the phrase سَاقَ المَاشِيَةَ: as also ↓ سَوَّاقٌ (S, K) in an intensive sense [as meaning Driving much or vehemently, or a vehement driver]: (S, TA:) pl. of the former سَاقَةٌ, q. v. (TA.) مَعَهَا سَائِقٌ وَشَهِيدٌ, in the Kur [l. 20], is said to mean Having with it a driver to the place of congregation [for judgment] and a witness to testify against it of its works: (TA:) i. e. an angel driving it, and another angel testifying of its works: or an angel performing both of these offices: or a writer of evil deeds and a writer of good deeds: or its own person, or its consociate [devil], and its members, or its works. (Bd.) سَيِّقٌ, [originally سَيوِْقٌ,] (assumed tropical:) Clouds (سَحَابٌ, Az, As, S, K) driven by the wind, (Az, As, S,) containing no water, (Az, S, K,) or whether containing water or not. (As.) سَيِّقَةٌ, [a subst. formed from the epithet سَيِّقٌ by the affix ة,] originally سَيْوِقَةٌ, (TA,) Beasts (دَوَابّ) driven by the enemy; (S, K;) like وَسِيقَةٌ: so in a verse cited voce جَبَأَ: (S:) or a number of camels, of a tribe, driven away together, or attacked by a troop of horsemen and driven away. (Z, TA.) b2: [Hence,] one says, المَرْءُ سَيِّقَةُ القَدَرِ (assumed tropical:) [Man, or the man, is the impelled of destiny]; i. e. destiny drives him to that which is destined for him, and will not pass him by. (TA.) b3: سَيِّقَةٌ signifies also An animal by means of which [in the O بِهَا for which فِيهَا is erroneously put in the K,] the sportsman conceals himself, and then shoots, or casts, at the wild animals: (O, K:) like قَيِّدَةٌ: (A in art. قود:) said by Th to be a she-camel [used for that purpose]: (TA:) [so called because driven towards the objects of the chase: see دَرِيْئَةٌ:] pl. سَيَائِقُ. (K.) [See also مِسْوَقٌ.]

أَسْوَقُ A man (S, * TA) long in the shanks: (S, K: [see also سُوَّاقٌ:]) or thick in the shanks: (IDrd, TA:) or it signifies, (K,) or signifies also, (S,) beautiful in the shank or shanks, (S, K,) applied to a man: and so سَوْقَآءُ applied to a woman: (S:) Lth explains the latter as meaning a woman having plump shanks, with hair. (TA.) إِسَاقَةٌ (Lth, O, K, in the CK اَسَاقة,) The strap of the horse's strirrup. (Lth, O, K.) بَعِيرٌ مِسْوَقٌ, (JK, O, and TA as from the Tekmileh,) or مُسْوِقٌ, like مُحْسِنٌ, (K, [but this I think to be a mistake,]) means الَّذِى يُسَاوقُ الصَّيْدَ [i. e. (tropical:) A camel that vies with the animals of the chase in driving on, or in strength]; (JK, O, K;) so says Ibn-' Abbád: (O:) accord. to the L, a camel by means of which one conceals himself from the animals of the chase, to circumvent them. (TA. [See also سَيِّقَةٌ, last signification.]) مِسْوَقَةٌ A staff, or stick, with which cattle are driven: pl. مَسَاوِقُ: perhaps post-classical.]

مُنْسَاقٌ i. q. تَابِعٌ [app. as meaning (assumed tropical:) A follower, or servant; as though driven]. (Ibn-' Abbád, O, K.) b2: And (assumed tropical:) A relation; syn. قَرِيبٌ. (Ibn-' Abbád, O, K.) b3: And عَلَمٌ مُنْسَاقٌ (assumed tropical:) A mountain extending along the surface of the earth. (Ibn-' Abbád, O, K *)

شعب

1 شَعَبَ, (S, Msb,) aor. ـَ (Msb,) inf. n. شَعْبٌ, (A, Msb, K,) He collected; brought, gathered, or drew, together; or united; (S, A, Msb, K;) a thing, (S,) any thing or things, and a people or party: (Msb:) and he separated; put apart, or asunder; divided; disunited; or dispersed or scattered; (S, A, Msb, K;) a thing, (S,) any thing or things, and a people or party: (Msb:) thus having two contr. significations: (S:) so expressly state A'Obeyd and Aboo-Ziyád: (TA:) but accord. to IDrd, it has not two contr. significations [in one and the same dial.]: he says that the two meanings are peculiar to the dials. of two peoples, (Msb, TA, *) each meaning belonging to the dial. of one people exclusively. (TA.) [Hence, as it seems to be indicated in the S and A, or from شَعْبٌ meaning “ a tribe,” as it seems to be indicated in the Ham p. 538,] one says, تَفَرَّقَ شَعْبُهُمْ, (S,) or شَتَّ شَعْبُهُمْ, (A, Ham,) (tropical:) [Their union became dissolved, or broken up; or their tribe became separated;] meaning they became separated after being congregated: (S, Ham:) and اِلْتَأَمَ شَعْبُهُمْ (S, A, Ham) (tropical:) [Their separation became closed up, or their tribe drew together;] meaning they drew together after being separated. (S, Ham.) And شَعَبَتْهُمُ المَنِيَّةُ Death separated them: (S:) and شَعَبَتْهُ شَعُوبُ [Death separated him from his companions]; (TA;) said of a man when he has died. (O in art. عبل: in the K, in that art., ↓ اِشْتَعَبَتْهُ [perhaps a mistranscription].) And it is said in a trad., مَا هٰذِهِ الفُتْيَا الَّتِى شَعَبْتَ بِهَا النَّاسَ i. e, [What is this judicial decision] with which thou hast divided the people? (S. [In the TA, on the authority of IAth, التى شَغَبَتْ فِى النَّاسِ, which means, “ which has excited evil among the people. ”]) One says also, شَعَبَ الرَّجُلُ أَمْرَهُ (assumed tropical:) The man broke up, discomposed, deranged, or disorganized, [or rendered unsound, impaired, or marred, (agreeably with another explanation of the verb in what follows,)] his state of affairs: (As, A'Obeyd, TA:) whence the saying of 'Alee Ibn-El-'Adheer El-Ghanawee, وَإِذَا رَأَيْتَ المَرْءَ يَشْعَبُ أَمْرَهُ شَعْبَ العَصَا وَيَلَجُّ فِى العِصْيَانِ (assumed tropical:) [And when thou seest the man break up his state of affairs as with the breaking up of the staff, and persevere in disobedience, or rebellion]. (A'Obeyd, TA.) b2: Also, aor. as above, (Msb,) and so the inf. n., (S, A, Msb, K,) He repaired a cracked thing [such as a wooden bowl or some other vessel, by closing up its crack or cracks, or by piecing it: see 2, which has a similar signification, but implying muchness]: (S, Msb:) and [in a general sense,] he repaired, mended, amended, adjusted, or put into a right, or proper, state: (A, K, TA:) and it signifies the contr. also [of the former meaning and] of this, in the same, or in another, dial.: (TA:) [i. e.] he cracked a thing [such as a wooden bowl &c.]: (A, Msb:) and he corrupted, rendered unsound, impaired, or marred. (A, K, TA.) شَعْبٌ صَغِيرٌ مِنْ شَعْبٍ كَبِيرٍ, occurring in a trad. of 'Omar, means A little repairing, of, or amid, much impairing. (TA.) b3: [He gave a portion of property; as though he broke it off.] One says, اِشْعَبْ لِى شُعْبَةً مِنَ المَالِ Give thou to me a portion of the property. (TA.) b4: He (the commander, or prince, S) sent a messenger (S, K) إِلَيْهِ [to him], (K,) or إِلَى مَوْضِعِ كَذَا [to such a place]. (S.) b5: He turned, or sent, him, or it, away, or back: (K, TA:) aor. and inf.n. as above. (TA.) And شَعَبَ اللِّجَامُ الفَرَسَ The bridle turned away or back, or withheld, or restrained, the horse from the direction towards which he was going. (K.) b6: He, or it, diverted a man by occupying him, busying him, or engaging his attention. (K, TA.) One says, مَا شَعَبَكَ عَنِّى [What diverted thee, or what has diverted thee, &c., from me?]. (TA.) A2: It is also intrans.: see 4. b2: [Thus it signifies He quitted his companions, desiring others.] One says, شَعَبَ إِلَيْهِمْ (K, TA) فِى عَدَدِ كَذَا (TA) He yearned towards them [with such a number of men], and quitted his companions. (K, TA.) b3: And He, or it, appeared [distinct from others]: (K, TA:) whence the month [شَعْبَان, q. v.,] is [said to be] named. (TA.) A3: Also, (K, TA,) aor. and inf. n. as above, (TA,) said of a camel, He cropped (اِهْتَضَمَ) the upper, or uppermost, parts of trees [or shrubs]. (K, TA.) A4: شَعِبَ, aor. ـَ (K,) inf. n. شَعَبٌ, (S, * K, * TA,) He (a goat, S, TA, and a gazelle, TA) was wide, (K,) or very wide, (S,) between the horns, (S, K,) and between the shoulders. (K, * TA.) [See also شَعَبٌ, below.]2 شعّب [app. signifies He collected several things; or he collected much: and] he separated several things; or he separated much. (O.) b2: Also He repaired a cracked wooden bowl [or some other vessel] in several places [by closing up its cracks, or by piecing it]: (S, O:) [and app., in a general sense, he repaired, mended, amended, adjusted, or put into a right, or proper, state, several things; or he repaired, &c., much: and it seems to signify also the contr. of these two meanings: i. e. he cracked several things; or he cracked in several places: and he corrupted, rendered unsound, impaired, or marred, several things; or he corrupted, &c., much.]

A2: It is also intrans.: see 4. b2: Thus, said of seed-produce, It branched forth, or forked, after being in leaf, or blade; (TA;) like ↓ تشعّب. (K, * TA.) [Hence,] one says, إِنِّى أَرَى الشَّرَّ شَعَّبَ (assumed tropical:) [Verily I see the evil to have grown like seed-produce when it branches forth]; like as one says, قَصَّبَ, and نَبَّبَ. (TA in art. نب.) 3 شاعبهُ He became distant, or remote, from him; (K, TA;) namely, his companion. (TA.) [Hence,] شاعب الحَيَاةَ (assumed tropical:) [He quitted life]. (TA.) And شَاعَبَتْ نَفْسُهُ (K, TA) His soul [departed, or] quitted life; (TA;) meaning he died; (K, TA;) as also ↓ انشعب [i. e. انشعب هُوَ]. (K.) [See also what next follows.]4 اشعب He died: (S, K: [see also 3:]) or (so in the S and TA, but in the K “ and ”) he separated himself from another or others, never to return; (S, K;) as also ↓ شعّب or ↓ شَعَبَ, accord. to different copies of the K, the latter as in the L. (TA.) A poet says, (S,) namely, En-Nábighah El-Jaadee, (IB, TA.) وَكَانُوا أُنَاسًا مِنْ شُعُوبٍ فَأَشْعَبُوا (S, IB, TA,) or وَكَانُوا شُعُوبًا مِنْ أُنَاسٍ, accord. to different readings: [app. meaning, And they were men of divided races or tribes, or were divided races or tribes of men; so they perished; or separated, never to return:] IB says, after mentioning the former reading, i. e. they were of men who should perish; so they perished: having previously mentioned the latter reading, and added, i. e. they were of those whom شعوب should overtake. (TA. [IB's explanations seem at first sight to indicate that he read شَعُوبَ and شَعُوبًا; neither of which is admissible: each of his explanations app. relates to both readings; as though he understood the poet to mean, they were men separated from different tribes, to be overtaken by others; so they perished.]) 5 تشعّب and ↓ انشعب are quasi-pass. verbs, the former of شَعَّبَ and the latter of شَعَبَ: (TA:) [the former, therefore, is most correctly to be regarded and used as intensive in its significations, or as relating to several things or persons: but it is said that] both signify alike: [app. It became collected; it became brought, gathered, or drawn, together; or it became united: and also] it became separated, put apart or asunder, divided, disunited, or dispersed or scattered: (S, K:) and it, or he, became distant, or remote. (K.) One says, تَشَعَّبُوا فِى طَلَبِ المِيَاهِ [They became separated, &c., or they separated themselves, &c., in search of the waters], and فِى الغَارَاتِ [in predatory excursions]. (TA.) And عَنِّى ↓ انشعب فُلَانٌ Such a one became distant, or remote, from me; or withdrew to a distance, or for away, from me. (TA.) And الطَّرِيقُ ↓ انشعب [and تشعّب] The road separated. (S, A, Msb.) And ↓ انشعب النَّهْرُ and تشعّب The river separated [or branched forth] into other rivers. (TA.) And ↓ انشعبت

أَغْصَانُ الشَّجَرَةِ (S, Msb, TA) and تشعّبت (TA) The branches of the tree separated, divided, straggled, or spread out dispersedly; (S, TA;) or branched forth from the stem, and separated, divided, &c. (Msb.) See also 2. One says also, تشعّب أَمْرُ الرَّجُلِ (assumed tropical:) [The state of affairs of the man became broken up, discomposed, deranged, disorganized, or (agreeably with another explanation of the verb in what follows) rendered unsound, impaired, or marred]. (A.) b2: Also ↓ the latter verb, [or each,] It became closed up; [or repaired by having a crack or cracks closed up, or by being pieced;] said of a cracked thing: (TA:) and ↓ both verbs, i. q. اِنْصَلَحَ [which means, in a general sense, it became rectified, repaired, mended, amended, adjusted, or put into a right, or proper, state; &c.; but I have not found this verb (انصلح) in its proper art. in any of the Lexicons]: (K, TA:) and ↓ the latter signifies also it became cracked; (A;) [and in like manner the former, said of a number of things; or it became cracked in several places when said of a single thing: and hence ↓ both signify, in a general sense, it became corrupted, rendered unsound, impaired, or marred; a meaning which may justly be assigned to the former verb in the phrase mentioned in the next preceding sentence.]7 إِنْشَعَبَ see 5, in nine places: and see also 3.8 إِشْتَعَبَ see 1, in the former half of the paragraph.

شَعْبٌ inf. n. of شَعَبَ [q. v.]. (Msb.) b2: [Used as a simple subst., it signifies Collection, or union: and also separation, division, or disunion; and] a state of separation or division or disunion; (K, TA;) as also ↓ شُعْبَةٌ: (S, TA:) pl. of the former شُعُوبٌ. (TA.) b3: And [hence, perhaps, as implying both union and division,] Such as is divided [into sub-tribes], of the tribes of the Arabs and foreigners: (S: [in my copy of the Msb, ما انقسمت فيه قبائل العرب, as though it meant the tribes of the Arabs collectively, agreeably with another explanation to be mentioned below; but I think that there may be a mistranscription in this case:]) pl. شُعُوبٌ: (S, Msb:) or it signifies, as some say, (Msb,) or signifies also, (S,) a great tribe; syn. قَبِيلَةٌ عَظِيمَةٌ, (S, A, K,) or حَىٌّ عَظِيمٌ; (Msb;) the parent of the [tribes called] قَبَائِل, to which they refer their origin, and which comprises them: (S:) or, as some say, a great tribe (حَىٌّ عَظِيمٌ) forming a branch of a قَبِيلَة: or a قَبِيلَة itself: (TA:) A' Obeyd says, on the authority of Ibn-El-Kelbee, on the authority of his father, that the شَعْب is greater than the قَبِيلَة; next to which is the فَصِيلَة; then, the عَمَارَة; then, the بَطْن; then, the فَخِذ: (S, TA:) but IB says that the true order is that which Ez-Zubeyr Ibn-Bekkár has stated, and is as follows: (TA:) [i. e.] the genealogies of the Arabs consist of six degrees; (Msb;) first, the شَعْب; then, the قَبِيلَة; then, the عَمَارَة, (Msb, TA,) with fet-h and with kesr, to the ع; (Msb;) then, the بَطْن; then, the فَخِذ; and then, the فَصيلَة: thus, Khuzeymeh is a شعب; and Kináneh, a قبيلَة; and Kureysh, an عمارة; and Kuseí, a بطن; and Háshim, a فخذ; and El-'Abbás, a فصيلة: (Msb, TA:) and Aboo-Usámeh says that these classes are agreeable with the order obtaining in the structure of man; the شعب is the greatest of them, derived from the شَعْب [or suture] of the head; next is the قبيلة, from the قبيلة [which is a term applied to any one of the four principal bones] of the head; then, the عمارة, which is the breast; then, the بطن [or belly]; then, the فخذ [or thigh]; and then, the فصيلة, which is the shank: to these some add the عَشِتيرَة, which consists of few in comparison with what are before mentioned: (TA:) and some add after this the رَهْط: some also add the جِذْم before the شعب: (TA in art. بطن:) the pl. is as above. (TA.) It signifies also A nation, people, race, or family of mankind; syn. جِيلٌ; as expl. by IM and others: in the K, [and in a copy of the A,] erroneously, جَبَل [a mountain]: (TA:) but it is [strangely] said by Aboo-'Obeyd El-Bekree that accord. to all except Bundár, the word in this sense is ↓ شِعْبٌ, with kesr. (MF.) And the pl., شُعُوبٌ, is [said to be] especially applied to denote the foreigners (العَجَم): (TA:) [thus it is said that] the phrase, in a trad., إِنَّ رَجُلًا مِنَ الشُّعُوبِ

أَسْلَمَ means [Verily a man] of the foreigners (العَجَم) [became a Muslim: but see الشُّعُوبِيَّةُ]. (S.) b4: Also, [as implying separation,] Distance, or remoteness. (A, K.) So in the phrase شَعْبُ الدَّارِ [The distance, or remoteness, of the abode, or dwelling]. (TA.) b5: And A crack (S, A, K, TA) in a thing, (S,) which the شَعَّاب repairs. (S, * TA.) b6: And The place of junction [i. e. the suture] of the قَبَائِل [or principal bones] of the head; (K;) the شَأْن which conjoins the قبائل of the head: the قبائل in the head being [the frontal bone, the occipital bone, and the two parietal bones; in all,] four in number. (S.) b7: [Hence, perhaps,] هُمَا شَعْبَانِ (assumed tropical:) They two are likes [or like each other]. (S.) b8: See also شِعْبٌ.

A2: Also Distant, or remote; (K;) as in the phrase مَآءٌ شَعْبٌ [Distant, or remote, water]: pl. شُعُوبٌ. (TA.) شُعْبٌ: see the dual شُعْبَانِ voce شُعْبَةٌ.

شِعْبٌ A road: (Msb:) or a road in a mountain: (S, A, O, L, Msb, K:) primarily a road in a mountain (Har p. 29) and in valleys: (Id. p. 72:) afterwards applied to any road: (Id. p. 29:) [see also مَشْعَبٌ:] pl. شِعَابٌ. (S, O, Msb.) And A water-course, or place in which water flows, in [a low, or depressed, tract, such as is called] a بَطْن of land, (ISh, A, O, K,) having two elevated borders, and in width equal to the stature of a man lying down, and sometimes between the two faces, or acclivities, of two mountains. (ISh, O.) Or it signifies, (K,) or signifies also, (A,) A ravine, or gap, [or pass,] between two mountains. (A, K.) b2: Also [A reef of rocks in the sea: so in the present day: or] a زِرْبَة or زَرَبَة (accord. to different copies of the K in art. جهن [but neither of these two words do I find in their proper art. in any Lex.]) in the sea, such as is connected with the shore: if not connected with the shore, a bowshot distant, it is called جُهْنٌ. (K and TA in art. جهن.) b3: And A brand, or mark made with a hot iron, (S, K,) upon camels, (K,) peculiar to the Benoo-Minkar, in form resembling the [hooked stick called] مِحْجَن: (S:) or a brand upon the thigh, lengthwise, [consisting of] two lines meeting at the top and separated at the bottom: (ISh, TA:) or a brand united [at the upper part and] at the lower part separated: (Aboo-' Alee in the “ Tedhkireh,” TA: [but there is an omission here, so that the reverse may perhaps be meant:]) or a brand upon the neck, like the مِحْجَن: (Suh in the R, TA:) in a marginal note in the copy of the L, it is said that شعب signifying a brand is with kesr to the ش and with fet-h [i. e. شِعْبٌ and ↓ شَعْبٌ]. (TA.) b4: See also شَعْبٌ. b5: [And see the pl. شِعَابٌ below.]

شَعَبٌ Width, or distance, (A, K,) or great width or distance, (S,) between the horns (S, A, K) of a goat (S, TA) and of a gazelle, (TA,) and between the shoulders, (A, K,) and between two branches. (A.) [See also 1, last signification.]

شُعْبَةٌ: see شَعْبٌ, second sentence. b2: Also The space, or interstice, between two horns: and between two branches: (K:) pl. شُعَبٌ and شِعَابٌ, (K, * TA,) in this and all the following senses. (TA.) b3: And A cleft in a mountain, to which birds (الطَّيْرُ, for which المَطَرُ is erroneously substituted in [several of] the copies of the K, TA) resort: pl. as above. (K, TA.) b4: Also A branch of a tree, (S, A, * Mgh, * Msb, TA,) growing out a part, or divaricating, therefrom: (Msb, * TA:) or the extremity of a branch: (K, TA: [said in the latter to be tropical in this latter sense; but why, I see not:]) pl. شُعَبٌ (S, Mgh, Msb, TA) and شِعَابٌ, as above. (TA.) And شُعَبُ الغُصْنِ The divaricating, or straggling, [branchlets, or] extremities [or shoots or stalks] of the branch. (TA.) And [hence] عَصًا فِى رَأْسِهَا شُعْبَتَانِ [A staff having at his head two forking portions or projections]; (A, TA;) and Az mentions, as heard by him from the Arabs, ↓ شُعْبَانِ, without ت, instead of شُعْبَتَانِ in this phrase. (L, TA.) And شُعْبَةٌ مِنْ رَيْحَانٍ [A sprig, spray, bunch, or branchlet, of sweet basil, or of sweet-smelling plants]: and شُعْبَةٌ مِنْ شَعَرٍ [and مِنْ صُوفٍ A lock, or flock, of hair and of wool]. (JK in art. طوق.) And أَنَا شُعْبَةٌ مِنْ دَوْحَتِكَ (tropical:) [I am a branch, or branchlet, of thy great tree]. (A, TA.) And مَسْأَلَةٌ كَثِيرَةُ الشُّعَبِ (assumed tropical:) [A question having many branches, or ramifications]. (Msb.) and [the pl.] شُعَبٌ [as meaning] (tropical:) The fingers: (K, TA:) one says, قَبَضَ عَلَيْهِ بِشُعَبِ يَدِهِ (tropical:) He laid hold upon it with his fingers. (A, TA.) and قَعَدَ بَيْنَ شُعْبَتَيْهَا (tropical:) He sat between her two legs: (A:) and بَيْنَ شُعَبِهَا الأَرْبَعِ (tropical:) [He sat (in the Mgh قَعَدَ, as implied in the A, and in the Msb جَلَسَ,)] between her arms and her legs; (A, Mgh, Msb, K;) or between her legs and the شُفْرَانِ [dual of شُفْرٌ, q. v.,] of her فَرْج; (A, Mgh, K;) occurring in a trad.; (Mgh, Msb;) an allusion to جِمَاع. (A, Mgh, Msb, K.) And شُعْبَتَا الرَّحْلِ (assumed tropical:) The شَرْخَانِ [or two upright pieces of wood] of the camel's saddle; its قَادِمَة and its آخِرَه. (Mgh.) And اِغْرِزِ اللَّحْمَ فِى شُعَبِ السَّفُّودِ (tropical:) [Infix thou the flesh-meat upon the prongs of the roastinginstrument]. (A, TA.) And شُعْبَةُ مِنْجَلٍ (assumed tropical:) [A tooth of a reaping-hook]. (K in art. سن.) and شُعْبَةٌ مِنْ شُعَبِ السِّينِ (assumed tropical:) [A tooth, or cusp, of the teeth, or cusps, of the س]; the شُعَب of the س being three. (S and L in art. س.) And شُعَبُ الفَرَسِ (tropical:) The outer parts, or regions, of the horse (أَقْطَارُهُ, A, or نَوَاحِيهِ, K); all of them: (K:) or the prominent parts (S, K) of them, (K,) or of him; (S, and so in some copies of the K;) as the neck, and the مِنْسَج [or withers, &c.], (S, TA,) and the crests of the hips, (TA,) or such as his head, and his حَارِك [or withers, &c.], and the crests of his hips. (A.) b5: Also A small water-course, or channel in which water flows; as in the phrase شُعْبَةٌ حَافِلٌ a small water-course filled with a torrent: (S:) or a water-course in sand; (K;) or in the elevated part of a depressed tract into which sand has poured and remained. (TA.) And A small portion of a [water-course such as is called] تَلْعَة; or what is smaller than a تَلْعَة; accord. to different copies of the K; الشُّعْبَةُ being expl. as meaning مَا صَغُرَ مِنَ التَّلْعَةِ, and, in one copy, عَنِ التَّلْعَةِ. (TA.) And Such as is large, of the channels for irrigation of valleys: (K, TA:) or, as some say, a branch from a تَلْعَة, and from a valley, or torrent-bed, taking a different course therefrom: pl. as above. (TA.) b6: and A portion, part, or piece, of a thing; or somewhat thereof: (S, Msb, K, TA:) pl. as above. (TA.) One says, اِشْعَبْ لِى شُعْبَةً مِنَ المَالِ Give thou to me a portion of the property. (TA.) And فِى يَدِهِ شُعْبَةُ خَيْرٍ (assumed tropical:) [In his hand is somewhat of good, or of wealth]. (TA.) And it is said in a trad., الحَيَآءُ شُعْبَةٌ مِنَ الإِيمَانِ (assumed tropical:) Modesty is a part of faith: and in another, الشَّبَابُ شُعْبَةٌ مِنَ الجُنُونِ (assumed tropical:) [Youth is a part of insanity]. (TA.) In explanation of the phrase, in the Kur [lxxvii. 30], إِلَى ظِلٍّ ذِى ثَلَاثِ شُعَبٍ [Unto a shade, or shadow, having three parts, or divisions], it is said that the fire [of Hell], on the day of resurrection, will divide into three parts; and whenever they shall attempt to go forth to a place, it will repel them: by ظِلّ being here meant that the fire will form a covering; for [literally] there will be no ظِلّ in this case. (Th, L.) b7: And A piece such as is called رُؤبَة, with which a wooden bowl [or the like] is repaired. (S.) b8: Accord. to Lth, (T, TA,) شُعَبُ الدَّهْرِ means (tropical:) The changes, or vicissitudes, of time or fortune; (T, A, TA;) and he cites the saying of Dhu-r-Rummeh, وَلَا تُقَسِّمُ شَعْبًا وَاحِدًا شُعَبُ which he explains by saying, i. e. I thought that one thing, or state of things, would not be divided into many things, or states: [i. e. Nor did I think that the vicissitudes of fortune would divide one whole body of men into many parties:] but Az disapproves of this explanation, and says that شُعَب here means Intentions, designs, or purposes: he says that the poet describes tribes assembled together in the [season called] رَبِيع, who, when they desired to return to the watering-places, differed in their intentions, or designs; wherefore he says, Nor did I think that various intentions would divide [one whole body of men who before had] a consentient intention. (L, TA.) b9: [See also the pl. شِعَابٌ below.]

شَعْبَانُ, imperfectly decl., (Msb,) The name of a month [i. e. the eighth month of the Arabian year]: pl. شَعْبَانَاتٌ (S, Msb, K) and شَعَابِينُ: (Msb, K:) so called from تَشَعَّبَ “ it became separated; ” (K, TA;) because therein they used to separate, or disperse themselves, in search of water [when the months were regulated by the solar year; this month then corresponding partly to June and partly to July, as shown voce زَمَنٌ, q. v.]; or, as some say, for predatory expeditions [after having been restrained therefrom during the sacred month of Rejeb]; or, accord. to some, as Th says, from شَعَبَ “ it appeared; ” because of its appearance between the months of Rejeb and Ramadán. (TA.) b2: غَزَالُ شَعْبَانَ A certain insect, (K, * TA,) a species of the جُنْدَب, or of the جُخْدُب. (TA.) شِعَابٌ pl. of شِعْبٌ: (S, O, Msb:) and of شُعْبَةٌ. (K, TA.) b2: شَغَلَتْ شِعَابِى جَدْوَاىَ is a prov., [expl. as] meaning The abundance of the food [that I have to procure for my family] has occupied me so as to divert me from giving to people: (S, TA:) [Z considers شعاب, here, as pl. of شُعْبَةٌ

“ a branch,” and as meaning duties, and relations: (Freytag's Arab. Prov., i. 653:)] but El-Mundhiree says that شِعَابِى is a mistranscription: the other reading is سَعَاتِى, meaning “ my expending upon my family. ” (Meyd. [See also سَعَاةٌ, in art. سعو and سعى.]) شَعُوبُ, (S, A, Msb, K,) without the article ال, and imperfectly decl., (Msb,) and الشَّعُوبُ, (A, Msb, K,) with the article, and perfectly decl., (Msb,) but several authors disallow this latter, accounting it wrong; (TA;) a name for Death; (S, A, * Msb, K; *) so called because it separates men: (S, Msb:) the former is a proper name: (Msb:) J says [in the S] that it is determinate, and does not admit the article ال: in the L, it is said that شَعُوبُ and الشَّعُوبُ both signify as above; and that in either case it may be originally an epithet, being like the epithets قَتُول and ضَرُوب; and if so, the article in this case is as in العَبَّاسُ and الحَسَنُ and الحٰرِثُ: and this opinion is confirmed by what is said of its derivation: but he who says شَعُوب, without the article, makes the word a pure substantive, and deprives it literally of the character of an epithet; wherefore the article is not necessarily attached to it, as it is not to عَبَّاس and حٰرِث; yet the essence of an epithet is in it still, as in the instance of جَابِرُ بْنُ حَبَّةَ, a name for “ bread,” so called because it reinvigorates the hungry; and as in وَاسِط, [a certain town] so called, accord. to Sb, because midway between El-'Irák [' Irák el-'Ajam] and El-Basrah: thus in the L. (TA.) One says of a person when he has been at the point of death and then escaped, أَقَصَّتْهُ شَعُوبُ [Death became near to him]. (TA.) And it is said in a trad., فَمَا زِلْتُ وَاضِعًا رِجْلِى

عَلَى خَدِّهِ حَتَّى أَزَرْتُهُ شَعُوبَ, i. e. [And I ceased not putting my foot upon his cheek until] I made death to visit him. (TA.) شَعِيبٌ A [leathern water-bag such as is called]

مَزَادَة [q. v.]; (A'Obeyd, S, K;) as also رَاوِيَةٌ and سَطِيحَةٌ: (A'Obeyd, S:) or one that has been repaired, or pieced: (TA:) or one that is made of two hides: (K:) or one that is made of two hides facing each other, without فِئَام at their corners; فئام in [the making of] مَزَايِد being the taking of the hide and folding it, and then adding at the sides what will widen it: or one that is pieced (تُفْأَمُ) with a third skin, between the two skins, that it may be rendered wider: or one that is made of two pieces joined together: (TA:) or one that is sewed (مَخْرُوزَة, K and TA, in the CK مَحْزُوزَة,) on both sides: (K:) called thus because one part is joined to another: (L, TA:) pl. شُعُبٌ. (K, * TA.) b2: Also An old, worn-out skin for water or milk: (K:) because it is pieced, or repaired: (TA:) pl. as above. (K.) b3: and A camel's saddle; syn. رَحْلٌ: because it is joined, part to part: so in the saying of El-Marrár, describing a she-camel, إِذَا هِىَ خَرَّتْ خَرَّ مِنْ عَنْ يَمِينِهَا شَعِيبٌ بِهِ إِحْمَامُهَا وَلُغُوبُهَا [When she falls down, or fell down, there falls down, or fell down, from her right side a saddle by reason of which was her fevered and jaded state]. (TA.) b4: And رَجُلٌ شَعِيبٌ i. q. غَرِيبٌ [A man who is a stranger, &c.]. (AA, TA voce غَرِيبٌ.) شِعَابَةٌ The art, or craft, of repairing cracks [in wooden bowls &c., by piecing them]. (TA.) شُعُوبِىٌّ: see what next follows.

الشُّعُوبِيَّةُ A sect which does not prefer, or exalt, the Arabs above the 'Ajam [or foreigners or Persians]: (S:) or a sect which prefers, or exalts, the 'Ajam above the Arabs: (Msb:) or those who despise the circumstances, or condition, of the Arabs; (A, * K;) one of whom is called ↓ شُعُوبِىٌّ; (A, K;) a rel. n. formed from the pl., (IM, Msb, TA,) شُعُوبٌ being predominantly applied to the 'Ajam; (IM, TA;) like أَنْصَارِىٌّ [from الأَنْصَارُ]. (IM, Msb, * TA.) In the phrase إِنَّ رَجُلًا مِنَ الشُّعُوبِ أَسْلَمَ, occurring in a trad., [and mentioned before, voce شَعْبٌ,] الشعوب may mean العَجَم; or it may be [used as] a pl. of الشُّعُوبِىُّ, like as اليَهُودُ and المَجُوسُ are [used as] pls. of اليَهُودِىُّ and المَجُوسِىُّ. (IAth, TA.) شَعَّابٌ A repairer of cracks [in wooden bowls &c., by piecing them]. (S, Msb, TA.) الشَّاعِبَانِ The two shoulders: (K:) because wide apart: of the dial. of El-Yemen. (TA.) أَشْعَبُ A goat, (S, TA,) and a gazelle, (A, TA,) wide, (A,) or very wide, (S, TA,) between the horns: (S, A, TA:) [and app., between the shoulders: (see شَعِبَ:)] fem. شَعْبَآءُ: (TA:) and pl. شُعْبٌ. (S, A, TA.) A2: It is also the name of a certain very covetous man [who became proverbial for his covetousness, and hence it is used as an epithet]: (S, K:) so in the saying, لَا تَكُنْ

أَشْعَبَ فَتَتْعَبَ [Be not thou an Ash'ab, for in that case thou wilt become fatigued, or wearied, by thy endeavours]; (K;) a prov.: (TA:) and so in the prov., أَطْمَعُ مِنْ أَشْعَبَ [More covetous than Ash'ab]. (S.) مَشْعَبٌ A way, road, or path, (S, Msb, K,) [in an absolute sense, or] branching off from another. (Msb.) مَشْعَبُ الحَقِّ means The way [of truth, or] that distinguishes between truth and falsity. (K.) مِشْعَبٌ An instrument by means of which a crack in a [wooden bowl or some other] thing is repaired [by piecing it]; an instrument used for perforating, a drill, or the like, (K, TA,) by means of which the شَعَّاب repairs a vessel. (TA.) قَصْعَةٌ مُشَعَّبَةٌ [A wooden bowl] repaired in several places [by closing up its cracks, or by piecing it]. (S.) b2: See also what follows.

مَشْعُوبٌ applied to a camel, (K,) and ↓ مُشَعَّبَةٌ applied to a number of camels, (TA,) Marked with the brand called شِعْب. (K, TA.)

شيخ

1 شَاخَ, (S, A, Msb, K,) aor. ـِ (S, Msb, K,) inf. n. شَيَخٌ, with fet-h to the ى, (S, K,) and شُيُوخَةٌ (K) and شِيُوخَةٌ (TA) and شُيُوخِيَّةٌ (K) and شِيُوخِيَّةٌ (Zbd, TA) and شَيْخُوخَةٌ [the most common form, respecting which see what follows,] (S, A, Msb, K) and شَيْخُوخِيَّةٌ; (K;) and ↓ شيّخ, inf. n. تَشْيِيخٌ; (S, A, K;) and ↓ تشيّخ; (K;) He became a شَيْخ [i. e. an old, or elderly, man; &c.]: (S, A, Msb, K:) in شَيْخُوخَةٌ, the ى is originally movent [with fet-h], and afterwards made quiescent, for there is not in the language a word of the measure فَعْلُولٌ [except صَعْفُوقٌ, as is said in the S in art. حيد]: as to the similar words whose medial radical letter is و, as كَيْنُونَةٌ and قَيْدُودَةٌ and دَيْمُومَةٌ and هَيْعُوعَةٌ, these are originally كَيَّنُونَةٌ [for كَيْوَنُونَةٌ, of the measure فَيْعَلُولَةٌ,] and the like, and are contracted; for were it not so, they would be كَوْنُونَةٌ and the like. (S, L.) 2 شيّخ: see the preceding paragraph.

A2: شيّخهُ, (S, K,) inf. n. تَشْيِيخٌ, (TA,) He called him by the appellation of شَيْخ, to pay him honour, or respect. (S, K, TA.) A3: And شيّخ عَلَيْهِ He attributed or imputed to him, or charged him with, a vice, or fault; blamed, or reproached, him; (K, TA;) cast a bad, an evil, a foul, or an excessively bad or evil or foul, imputation upon him. (TA.) And شيّخ بِهِ [and so شيّخهُ accord. to an explanation of شَيَّخْتُ الرجل, as on the authority of Az, in the TA, but this may be a mistranscription for شيّخت بِالرَّجُلِ,] He exposed his vices, faults, or evil actions; disgraced him; or put him to shame. (K, TA.) 5 تشيّخ: see 1. b2: [It signifies also] He feigned, or made a show of, old age. (KL.) شَيْخٌ (S, A, Mgh, L, Msb, K, &c.) and ↓ شَيْخُونٌ, (K,) but the latter is a strange word, mentioned by some of the expositors of the Fs, as expressing more than the former word, (MF,) [An old, or elderly, man; an elder, as meaning a man whose age gives him a claim to reverence or respect; a senior;] one advanced in age, (Mgh,) such as is beyond him who is termed كَهْلٌ, (Mgh, Msb,) which means him whose شَبَاب [i. e. youthfulness, or prime of manhood,] is ended: (Mgh:) one in whom age has become apparent, (L, K,) and hoariness: (L:) or a man from the age of fifty, or fifty-one, to the end of his life, or to the age of eighty: (L, K:) also expl. as meaning a man advanced in age but having strength, or vigour, to fight: and an old and weak, or a decrepit, man, who is of no service: (Mgh:) [in the present day, شَيْخٌ is used in the senses above mentioned; and is also especially applied, as an appellation of honour, to a doctor of religion and law; a head, or chief, of a religious confraternity; a chief of a tribe or the like, and of a village; and to a reputed saint:] fem. ↓ شَيْخَةٌ, (S, A, Msb, K,) an old, or aged, woman; syn. عَجُوزٌ: (A:) [and applied in the present day particularly to a learned woman; an instructress; and the like:] the pl. [of pauc.] of شَيْخٌ is أَشْيَاخٌ (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K) and شِيخَةٌ (Kr, ISd, A, Mgh, Msb, K) and [of mult.]

شُيُوخٌ (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K) and شِيُوخٌ (K, with kesr, to agree with the ى, TA) and شِيخَانٌ (S, A, Msb, K) and شِيَخَةٌ (S, Mgh, K) and شَيَخَةٌ (A [there said to be like عَبَدَةٌ]) and ↓ مَشْيَخَةٌ, (K, and so in one of my copies of the S,) or this last is a quasi-pl. n., (Mgh, Msb,) and [so are]

↓ مِشْيَخَةٌ and ↓ مَشْيُخَةٌ and ↓ مِشْيُخَةٌ (TA) and ↓ مَشِيخَةٌ (K, and so in one of my copies of the S,) and ↓ مَشْيُوخَآءُ, (S, K,) the last like مَشْيُوحَآءُ and مَعْلُوجَآءُ and مَسْلُومَآءُ and مَعْبُودَآءُ and مَعْيُورَآءُ, which are said to be the only other instances of this form, (TA,) [but to these should be added مَحْمُورَآءُ and مَكْبُورَآءُ and مَتْيُوسَآءُ and perhaps some other instances,] and ↓ مَشْيُخَآءُ, (K,) and another pl. is ↓ مَشَايِخُ, (S, A, K,) or this last is pl. of مَشْيَخَةٌ, (Mgh, Msb,) and is disallowed by IDrd and Kz (TA) [though very commonly used in the present day, especially as applied to doctors of religion and law]; and the pl. of أَشْيَاخٌ is أَشَايِيخُ, like أَنَايِيبُ pl. of أَنْيَابٌ: (Z, TA:) the dim. of شَيْخٌ is ↓ شُيَيْخٌ (S, A, K) and ↓ شِيَيْخٌ, (S, K,) with kesr to the ش: (S:) ↓ شُوَيْخٌ is not allowable, (S, A,) or is rare. (K.) b2: [الشَّيْخَانِ, The two Sheykhs, is a title peculiarly applied to the first two Khaleefehs, Aboo-Bekr and 'Omar.]

b3: شَيْخٌ also signifies (assumed tropical:) A woman's husband, (K,) though young: and in like manner, a man's wife, whether old or young, is called his عَجُوز. (Az, TA in art. عجز.) b4: [And (tropical:) An ancestor. Accord. to a copy of the A that seems to have been used by the author of the TA, one says, وَرِثَ مِنْ مَشِيخَةِ الكَرَم and من أَشْيَاخِهِ, which is tropical, meaning مِنْ آبَائِهِ: but the right reading is evidently ↓ من مَشِيخَتِهِ, and الكَرَمَ; and the meaning, (tropical:) He inherited, from his ancestors, generosity.] b5: شَيْخُ النَّارِ means (tropical:) Iblees: because he was created of fire, or because his ultimate place will be the fire of Hell. (Har p. 130.) b6: And الشَّيْخُ (assumed tropical:) The mountain-goat that is advanced in age, or fullgrown. (TA.) b7: And (assumed tropical:) The milk-skin. (TA.) b8: أَشْيَاخُ النُّجُومِ i. q. أُصُولُهَا, (K,) i. e. (assumed tropical:) The seven [or five] planets; (TK;) or the دَرَارِىْء [also applied by some to the five planets, Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter, and Saturn]; accord. to IAar, اشياخ النجوم, (TA in this art.,) or أَسْنَاخُ النُّجُومِ as is related by Th, (TA in art. سنخ,) means the stars that do not make their [temporary] abode in the Mansions of the Moon, which [latter] are called نُجُومُ الأَخْذِ: ISd says, I think that he means, by the نجوم, the fixed stars: Th says that they are called only أَسْنَاخُ النُّجُومِ, i. e. the أُصُول thereof, around which the [other] stars revolve, and pursue their courses. (TA. [See also سِنْخٌ, last sentence.]) A2: شَيْخٌ signifies also A certain tree; (Az, K, TA;) also called شَجَرَةُ الشُّيُوخِ, the fruit of which is a جِرْو [q. v.] like that of the خِرِّيع, which is the bastard saffron (شَجَرَةُ العُصْفُرِ); it grows in the meadows, and the قُرْيَان [or places where water runs to, or in, or into, meadows, &c.]. (Az, TA.) شَيْخَةٌ fem. of شَيْخٌ, q. v. (S, A, Msb, K.) شَيْخُونٌ: see شَيْخٌ.

شُيَيْخٌ and شِيَيْخٌ and شُوَيْخٌ: dims. of شَيْخٌ, q. v.

مَشْيَخَةٌ and مِشْيَخَةٌ &c.; and the pl. مَشَايِخُ: see شَيْخٌ, in seven places.

مَشْيُخَآءُ: see شَيْخٌ.

مَشْيُوخَآءُ: see شَيْخٌ.

شعر

1 شَعَرَ بِهِ, (S, Msb, K, &c.,) and شَعُرَ بِهِ, (K,) which latter is disallowed by some, but both are correct, though the former is the [more] chaste, (TA,) aor. ـُ (S, Msb, K,) inf. n. شِعْرٌ (S, Msb, K, &c.) and شَعْرٌ (K, TA) and شَعَرٌ, (TA, and so in the CK in the place of شَعْرٌ,) but the first is the most common, (TA,) and شِعْرَةٌ (Msb, K) and شَعْرَةٌ and شُعْرَةٌ, (K,) of which last three the first is the most common, (TA,) and شِعْرَى and شُعْرَى (K) and شَعْرَى (TA) and شُعُورٌ (Msb, K) and شُعُورَةٌ, (K,) which is said to be the inf. n. of شَعُرَ, (TA,) and مَشْعُورٌ and مَشْعُورَةٌ (Lh, K) and مَشْعُورَآءُ, (K,) which is of extr. form, (TA,) He knew it; knew, or had knowledge, of it; was cognizant of it; or understood it; (S, * A, Msb, K, TA;) as also شَعَرَ لَهُ: (Lh, TA:) or he knew the minute particulars of it: or he perceived it by means of [any of] the senses. (TA.) Lh mentions the phrase أَشْعُرُ فُلَانًا مَا عَمِلَهُ and أَشْعُرُ لِفُلَانٍ مَا عَمِلَهُ [I know what such a one did or has done], and مَا شَعَرْتُ فُلَانًا مَا عَمِلَهُ [I knew not what such a one did], as on the authority of Ks, and says that they are forms of speech used by the Arabs. (TA.) [See also شِعْرٌ, below.] b2: شَعَرَ, (A, Msb, K,) aor. ـُ (Msb, K,) inf. n. شِعْرٌ and شَعْرٌ, (K, TA,) or شَعَرٌ, (so accord. to the CK instead of شَعْرٌ,) He said, or spoke, or gave utterance to, poetry; spoke in verse; poetized; or versified; syn. قَالَ شِعْرًا; [for poetry was always spoken by the Arabs in the classical times; and seldom written, if written at all, until after the life-time of the author;] (A, Msb, K;) as also شَعُرَ: (K:) or the latter signifies he made good, or excellent, poetry or verses; (K, MF;) and this is the signification more commonly approved, as being more agreeable with analogy: (MF:) or the latter signifies he was, or became, a poet; (S;) as also شَعِرَ, aor. ـَ (TA.) One says, شَعَرْتُ لِفُلَانٍ I said, or spoke, poetry, &c., to such a one. (TS, O, TA.) And لَوْ شَعُرَ بِنَقْصِهِ لَمَا شَعَرَ [Had he known his deficiency, he had not spoken poetry, or versified]. (A.) A2: شَاعَرَهُ فَشَعَرَهُ: see 3.

A3: شَعَرَ as a trans. verb syn. with اشعر: see 4. b2: As syn. with شاعر: see 3.

A4: شَعِرَ, aor. ـَ (K,) inf. n. شَعَرٌ, (TA,) His (a man's, TA) hair became abundant (K, TA) and long: (TA:) and said likewise of a goat, or other hairy animal, his hair became abundant. (TA.) b2: Also (assumed tropical:) He possessed slaves. (Lh, K.) 2 شعّر as an intrans. verb: see 4: b2: and as a trans. verb also: see 4.3 شَاْعَرَ ↓ شَاعَرَهُ فَشَعَرَهُ, (S, K,) aor. of the latter شَعَرَ, that is with fet-h, (S, MF,) accord. to Ks, who holds it to be thus even in this case, where superiority is signified, on account of the faucial letter; or, accord. to most, شَعُرَ, agreeably with the general rule; (MF;) He vied, or contended, with him in poetry, and he surpassed him therein. (S, K, MF.) A2: And شاعرهُ, (S,) and شاعرها, (A, Msb, K,) and ↓ شَعَرَهَا, (A, K,) He slept with him, and with her, (نَاوَمَهُ, S, and نَامَ مَعَهَا, Msb, K, or ضَاجَعَهَا, A,) in one شِعَار [or innermost garment]. (S, A, Msb, K.) A3: [Reiske, as mentioned by Freytag, explains شاعر as signifying also Tractavit, prensavit, vellicavit: but without naming any authority.]4 اشعرهُ He made him to know. (S.) Yousay, اشعرهُ بِالأَمْرِ and الأَمْرَ, (K,) the latter of which is less usual than the former, because one says شَعَرَ بِهِ but not شَعَرَهُ, (MF,) He aquainted him with the affair; made him to know it. (K.) And أَشْعَرْتُ أَمْرَ فَلَانٍ I made known the affair of such a one. (A.) And أَشْعَرْتُ فُلَانًا I made such a one notorious for an evil deed or quality. (A.) b2: Also, (inf. n. إِشْعَارٌ, Msb,) He marked it, namely a beast destined for sacrifice at Mekkeh, (S, * Mgh, Msb, * K, TA,) by stabbing it in the right side of its hump so that blood flowed from it, (S,) or by making a slit in its skin, (K,) or by stabbing it (K, TA) in one side of its hump with a مِبْضَع or the like, (TA,) so that the blood appeared, (K, TA,) or by making an incision in its hump so that the blood flowed, (Msb,) in order that it might be known to be destined for sacrifice. (S, Msb.) b3: [Hence, app.,] (assumed tropical:) He wounded him so as to cause blood to come. (TA.) It is said in a trad. respecting the assassination of 'Othmán, أَشْعَرَهُ مِشْقَصًا (assumed tropical:) He wounded him so as to cause blood to come with a مشقص [q. v.]: (TA:) and in another trad., أَشْعِرَ أَمِيرُ المُؤْمِنِينَ (assumed tropical:) [The Prince of the Faithful was wounded so that blood came from him]. (S.) b4: And (tropical:) He pierced him with a spear so as to make the spearhead enter his inside: and اشعرهُ سِنَانًا (tropical:) he made the spear-head to enter into the midst of him: [but this is said to be] from اشعرهُ بِهِ “ he made it to cleave to it. ” (TA.) أَشْعِرَ is said specially of a king, meaning He was slain. (A, TA.) b5: Also He made it to be a distinguishing sign: as when the performance of a religious service is made, or appointed, by God to be a sign [whereby his religion is distinguished]. (TA.) b6: and اشعروا They called, uttering their شِعَار [whereby they might know one another]: or they appointed for themselves a شِعَار in their journey. (Lh, K, TA. [See also 10.]) A2: مَا أَشْعَرَهُ [How good, or excellent, a poet is he !]. (TA in art. خزى: see مُخْزٍ in that art.) A3: اشعر [from شَعْرٌ or شَعَرٌ signifying “ hair ”] It (a fœtus, S, A, K, in the belly of its mother, TA) had hair growing upon it; (S, A, K;) as also ↓ تشعّر; (S, K;) and ↓ شعّر, inf. n. تَشْعِيرٌ; and ↓ استشعر. (K.) b2: And اشعرت She (a camel) cast forth her fœtus with hair upon it. (Ktr, K.) b3: And اشعر He lined a boot, (A, K,) and a جُبَّة, (A,) and the مِيثَرَة of a horse's saddle, and a قَلَنْسُوَة, and the like, (TA,) with hair; (A, K;) as also ↓ شَعَرَ; (Lh, A, K;) and ↓ شعّر, (K,) inf. n. تَشْعِيرٌ: (TA:) or, said of a ميثرة, he covered it with hair. (A.) b4: and اشعرهُ He clad him with a شِعَار [i. e. an innermost garment]. (S, A, K.) And He put on him a garment as a شِعَار, i. e., next his body. (TA.) [Hence,] اشعرهُ فُلَانٌ شَرًّا (tropical:) Such a one involved him in evil. (S, A.) And اشعرهُ الحُبُّ مَرَضًا (assumed tropical:) [Love involved him in disease]. (S.) and اشعرهُ بِهِ (assumed tropical:) He made it (i. e. anything) to cleave, or stick, to it, [like the شِعَار to the body,] i. e., to another thing. (K.) b5: [And (assumed tropical:) It clave to him, or it, as the شِعَار cleaves to the body. Hence,] اشعرهُ الهَمُّ (tropical:) [Anxiety clave to him as the شِعَار cleaves to the body]. (A.) And اشعر الهَمُّ قَلْبِى (tropical:) Anxiety clave to my heart (K, TA) as the شِعَار cleaves to the body. (TA.) And أَشْعَرَ الرَّجُلُ هَمًّا (tropical:) The man clave to anxiety as the شِعَار cleaves to the body. (S, TA. [In one of my copies of the S, أُشْعِرَ, accord. to which reading, the phrase should be rendered The man was made to have anxiety cleaving to him &c.]) A4: اشعر السِّكِّينَ (tropical:) He put a شَعِيرَة [q. v.] to the knife. (S, A, K. *) 5 تَشَعَّرَ see 4, in the latter half of the paragraph.6 تشاعر He affected, or pretended, to be a poet, not being such. (See its part. n., below.)]10 استشعرت البَقَرَةُ The cow uttered a cry to her young one, desiring to know its state. (A, TA.) b2: And استشعروا They called, one to another, uttering the شِعَار [by which they were mutually known], in war, or fight. (TA. [See also 4.]) A2: استشعر as syn. with اشعر and تشعّر: see 4, in the latter half of the paragraph. b2: Also, (A,) or استشعر شِعَارًا, (K,) He put on, or clad himself with, a شعار [i. e. an innermost garment]. (A, K.) [Hence,] اِسْتَشْعِرْ خَشْيَةَ اللّٰهِ (tropical:) Make thou the fear of God to be شِعَارَ قَلْبِكَ [i. e. the thing next to thy heart]. (TA.) And استشعر خَوْفًا (tropical:) He conceived in his mind fear. (S, A. *) شَعْرٌ and ↓ شَعَرٌ, (A, Msb, K, but only the latter in my copies of the S and in the O,) two wellknown dial. vars., the like being common in cases of this kind, in which the medial radical letter is a faucial, (MF,) [but the latter I have found to be the more common,] Hair; i. e. what grows upon the body, that is not صُوف nor وَبَر; (K;) it is an appertenance of human beings and of other animals: (S, A, Msb:) [when spoken of as used in the fabrication of cloth for tents &c., the meaning intended is goats' hair: (see 4 in art. بنى:)] of the masc. gender: (Msb, TA:) pl. (of the former, Msb) شُعُورٌ and (of the latter, Msb) أَشْعَارٌ (S, Msb, K) and (of the latter also, TA) شِعَارٌ: (K, TA:) and ↓ أُشَيْعَارٌ, properly dim. of أَشْعَارٌ, is used, accord. to Aboo-Ziyád, as dim. of شُعُورٌ: (TA:) the n. un. is with ة: (S, A, * Msb, K:) and this, i. e. شَعْرَةٌ [or شَعَرَهٌ], is also used metonymically as a pl. (K, TA.) One says, بَيْنِى وَبَيْنَكَ المَالُ شَقُّ الشَّعْرَةِ and شَقُّ الأُبْلُمَةِ (assumed tropical:) [The property is, or shall be, equally divided between me and thee]. (TA.) And رَأَى فُلَانٌ الشَّعْرَةَ Such a one saw, or has seen, hoariness, or white hairs, (Yaakoob, S, A, TA,) upon his head. (TA.) b2: [The n. un.] شَعْرَةٌ is also used, metonymically, as meaning (tropical:) A daughter. (TA.) b3: And ↓ شَعَرٌ (K, and so accord. to the TA, but in the CK ↓ شُعْرٌ,) signifies also (tropical:) Plants and trees; (K, TA;) as being likened to hair. (TA.) b4: And the same, (A, K, TA, but in the CK ↓ شُعْرٌ,) (tropical:) Saffron (A, K) before it is pulverized. (A.) شُعْرٌ: see the next two preceding sentences.

شِعْرٌ [an inf. n., (see 1, first sentence,) and used as a simple subst. signifying] Knowledge; cognizance: (K, TA:) or knowledge of the minute particulars of things: or perception by means of [any of] the senses. (TA.) One says, لَيْتَ شِعْرِى فُلَانًا مَا صَنَعَ, (Ks, Lh, S, * Msb, * K, *) and لَيْتَ شِعْرِى لَهُ مَا صَنَعَ, and لَيْتَ شِعْرِى عَنْهُ مَا صَنَعَ, (Ks, Lh, K, *) i. e. Would that I knew what such a one did, or has done; (S, * K, * Msb, * TA;) for would that my knowledge were present at, or comprehending, what such a one did, or has done; the phrase being elliptical: (TA:) accord. to Sb, لَيْتَ شِعْرِى is for ليت شِعْرَتِى, the ة being elided as in هُوَ أَبُو عُذْرِهَا [for هو ابو عُذْرَتِهَا], (S, TA,) the elision of the ة in this latter instance, as Sb says, being peculiar to the case of the words being preceded by ابو; [but see عُذْرَةٌ;] and as in إِقَامَة when used as a prefixed noun; though لَيْتَ شِعْرَتِى is not now known to have been heard. (TA.) One says also, لَيْتَ شِعْرِى مَا كَانَ Would that I knew what happened, or has happened. (A.) b2: The predominant signification of شِعْرٌ is Poetry, or verse; (Msb, K;) because of its preeminence by reason of the measure and the rhyme; though every kind of knowledge is شِعْرٌ: (K:) or because it relates the minute affairs of the Arabs, and the occult particulars of their secret affairs, and their facetiæ: (Er-Rághib, TA:) it is properly defined as language qualified by rhyme and measure intentionally; which last restriction excludes the like of the saying in the Kur [xciv. 3 and 4], اَلَّذِى أَنْقَضَ ظَهْرَكْ وَرَفَعْنَا لَكَ ذِكْرَكْ, because this is not intentionally qualified by rhyme and measure: (KT; and the like is said in the Msb:) and sometimes a single verse is thus termed: (Akh, TA:) pl. أَشْعَارٌ. (S, K.) b3: Also (assumed tropical:) Falsehood; because of the many lies in poetry. (B, TA.) شَعَرٌ: see شَعْرٌ, in two places.

شَعِرٌ: see أَشْعَرُ. b2: [The fem.] شَعِرَةٌ signifies [particularly] A sheep or goat (شَاةٌ) having hair growing between the two halves of its hoof, which in consequence bleed: or having an itching in its knees, (K, TA,) and therefore always scratching with them. (TA.) شَعْرَةٌ and شَعَرَةٌ ns. un. of شَعْرٌ [q. v.] and شَعَرٌ.

شِعْرَةٌ The hair of the pubes; (T, Msb, K;) as also ↓ شِعْرَآء, [accord. to general analogy with tenween,] or ↓ شَعْرَآء, [and if so, without tenween,] accord to different copies of the K; (TA;) of a man and of a woman; and of the hinder part of a woman: (T, Msb:) or the hair of the pubes of a woman, specially: (S, O, Msb:) and the pubes (عَانَة) [itself]: (K:) and the place of growth of the hair beneath the navel. (K, * TA.) b2: Also A portion of hair. (K, * TA.) الشِّعْرَى [The star Sirius;] a certain bright star, also called المِرْزَمُ; (TA; [but see this latter appellation;]) the star that rises [aurorally] after الجَوْزَآء [by which is here meant Gemini], in the time of intense heat, (S, TA,) and after الهَقْعَة [app. a mistranscription for الهَنْعَة]: (TA:) [about the epoch of the Flight, it rose aurorally, in Central Arabia, on the 13th of July, O. S.: (see النَّثْرَةُ; and see also مَنَازِلُ القَمَرِ, in art. نزل:) on the periods of its rising at sunset, and setting aurorally, see دَبَرٌ and دَبُورٌ:] the Arabs say, إِذَا طَلَعَتِ الشِّعْرَى جَعَلَ صَاحِبُ النَّخْلِ يَرَى [When Sirius rises aurorally, the owner of the palm-trees begins to see what their fruit will be]: (TA:) there are two stars of this name; الشِّعْرَى العَبُورُ and الشِّعْرَى الغُمَيْصَآءُ, (S, K,) together called الشِّعْرَيَانِ: the former is that [above mentioned] which is in [a mistake for “ after ”] الجَوْزَآء, and the latter is [Procyon,] in the ذِرَاع [by which is meant الذِّرَاعُ المَقْبُوضَةُ, not الذِّرَاعُ المَبْسُوطَةُ]; (S;) and both together are called the two Sisters of Suheyl (سُهَيْل [i. e. Canopus]): (S, K:) the former was worshipped by a portion of the Arabs; and hence God is said in the Kur-án to be Lord of الشِّعْرَى: (TA:) it is called العَبُور because of its having crossed the Milky Way; and the other is called الغُمَيْصَآء because said by the Arabs to have wept after the former until it had foul thick matter in the corner of the eye: (K in art. غمص:) the former is also called الشِّعْرَى اليَمَانِيَّةُ [the Yemenian, or Southern, شعرى]; and the latter, الشِّعْرَى الشَّامِيَّةُ [the Syrian, or Northern, شعرى]. (Kzw.) شَعْرَآءُ fem. of أَشْعَرُ [q. v.: under which head it is also mentioned either as a subst. or as an epithet in which the quality of a subst. is predominant]. b2: See also شِعْرَةٌ.

شِعْرَآء [app., if correct, with tenween]: see شِعْرَةٌ.

شِعْرِىٌّ [Of, or relating to, poetry; poetical. b2: And also (assumed tropical:) False, or lying]. One says أَدِلَّةٌ شِعْرِيَّةٌ (assumed tropical:) False, or lying, evidences or arguments: because of the many lies in poetry. (B, TA.) A2: [and Of, or relating to, الشِّعْرَى, i. e. Sirius.] You say, رَعَيْنَا شِعْرِىَّ المَرَاعِى We pastured our cattle upon the herbage of which the growth was consequent upon the نَوْء [i. e. the auroral rising or setting] of الشِّعْرَى [or Sirius]. (A.) شَعَرِيَّاتٌ The young ones of the رَخَم [i. e. vultur percnopterus]. (K.) شَعْرَانُ: see أَشْعَرُ. b2: شَعْرَان [app. without tenween, being probably originally an epithet, also] signifies (assumed tropical:) The [shrub called] رِمْث, (K,) or a species thereof, (Tekmileh, TA,) green, inclining to dust-colour: (Tekmileh, K, TA:) or a species of [the kind of plants called] حَمْض, dust-coloured: (TA:) or حَمْض upon which hares feed, and in which they [make their forms, i. e.] lie, cleaving to the ground; it is like the large أُشْنَانَة [here app. used as the n. un. of أُشْنَانٌ, i. e. kali, or glasswort], has slender twigs, and appears from afar black. (AHn, TA.) شُعْرُورٌ [A poetaster]: see شَاعِرٌ.

A2: Also, accord. to analogy, sing. of شَعَارِيرُ, which is (assumed tropical:) Syn. with شُعْرٌ [as pl. of شَعْرَآءُ, q. v. voce أَشْعَرُ], meaning the flies that collect upon the sore on the back of a camel, and, when roused, disperse themselves from it. (TA.) [Hence the saying,] ذَهَبَ القَوْمُ شَعَارِيرَ (assumed tropical:) The people dispersed themselves, or became dispersed: (S:) and ذَهَبُوا شَعَارِيرَ بِقُذَّانَ, (K,) or بِقَذَّانَ, and بِقِذَّانَ, (TA,) and بِقِنْدَحْرَةَ, (K,) and بِقِنْذَحْرَةَ, (TA,) (assumed tropical:) They went away in a state of dispersion, like flies: (K:) شعارير thus used being pl. of شُعْرُورٌ; (TA;) or having no sing. (Fr, Akh, S, TA.) And أَصْبَحَتْ شَعَارِيرَ بِقِرْدَحْمَةَ, and بِقِرْذَحْمَةَ, and بِقِنْدَحْرَةَ and بِقِدَّحْرَةَ, and بِقِذَّحْرَةَ, (assumed tropical:) They became beyond reach, or power. (Lh, TA.) b2: And the same pl. شَعَارِيرُ, having no sing., also signifies (assumed tropical:) A certain game (S, K, TA) of children. (TA.) You say, لَعِبْنَا الشَّعَارِيرَ [We played at the game of الشعارير]: and هٰذَا لَعِبُ الشَّعَارِيرِ [This is the game of الشعارير]. (S.) b3: And (assumed tropical:) A sort of women's ornaments, like barley [-corns], made of gold and of silver, and worn upon the neck. (TA.) b4: And شُعْرُورَةٌ [n. un. of شُعْرُورٌ] signifies A small قِثَّآء [or cucumber]: pl. شَعَارِيرُ [as above]. (S, K.) شَعْرَانِىٌّ: see أَشْعَرُ.

A2: أَرْنَبٌ شَعْرَانِيَّةٌ A hare that feeds upon the شَعْرَان [q. v.], and that [makes its form therein, i. e.] lies therein, cleaving to the ground. (AHn, TA.) شَعَارٌ (tropical:) Trees; (ISk, Er-Riyáshee, S, A, K;) as also ↓ شِعَارٌ: (As, ISh, K:) or tangled, or luxuriant, or abundant and dense, trees; (T, K;) as also ↓ شِعَارٌ: (Sh, T, K:) or (TA, but in the K “ and ”) trees in land that is soft (K, TA) and depressed, between eminences, (TA,) where people alight, (K, TA,) such as is termed دَهْنَآء, and the like, (TA,) warming themselves thereby in winter, and shading themselves thereby in summer, as also ↓ مَشْعَرٌ: (K, TA:) or this last signifies any place in which are a خَمَر [or covert of trees, &c.,] and [other] trees; and its pl. is مَشَاعِرُ. (TA.) One says, أَرْضٌ كَثِيرَةُ الشَّعَارِ (assumed tropical:) A land abounding in trees [&c.]. (S.) b2: See also the next paragraph, latter half.

شِعَارٌ A sign of people in war, (S, Msb, K,) and in a journey (K) &c., (TA,) i. e. (Msb) a call or cry, (A, Mgh, Msb,) by means of which to know one another: (S, A, Mgh, Msb:) and the شِعَار of soldiers is a sign that is set up in order that a man may thereby know his companions: (TA:) and شِعَار signifies also the banners, or standards, of tribes. (TA in art. برم.) It is said in a trad. that the شِعَار of the Prophet in war was يَا مَنْصُورُ أَمِتْ أَمِتْ [O Mansoor, (a proper name of a man, meaning “ aided ” &c.,) kill thou, kill thou]. (TA.) and it is said that he appointed the شِعَار of the refugees on the day of Bedr to be يابَنِى عَبْدِ الرَّحْمٰنِ: and the شعار of El-Khazraj, يا بَنِى عَبْدِ اللّٰهِ: and that of El-Ows, يَا بَنِى عُبَيْدِ اللّٰهِ: and their شعار on the day of El-Ahzáb, حٰم لَا يُنْصَرُونَ. (Mgh.) b2: And Thunder; (Tekmileh, K;) as being a sign of rain. (TK.) b3: شِعَارُ الحَجِّ means The religious rites and ceremonies of the pilgrimage; and the signs thereof; (K;) and, (TA,) as also ↓ الشَعَائِرُ, (S,) the practices of the pilgrimage, and whatever is appointed as a sign of obedience to God; (S, Msb, * TA;) as the halting [at Mount 'Arafát], and the circuiting [around the Kaabeh], and the سَعْى [or tripping to and fro between Es-Safà and El-Marweh], and the throwing [of the pebbles at Minè], and the sacrifice, &c.; (TA;) and ↓ شَعِيرَةٌ and ↓ شِعَارَةٌ and ↓ مَشْعرٌ signify the same as شِعَارٌ: (L:) ↓ شَعِيرَةٌ is the sing. of شَعَائِرُ meaning as expl. above; (As, S, Msb;) or, as some say, the sing. is ↓ شِعَارَةٌ: (As, S:) or ↓ شَعِيرَةٌ and ↓ شِعَارَةٌ, by some written ↓ شَعَارَةٌ, and ↓ مَشْعَرٌ, signify a place [of the performance] of religious rites and ceremonies of the pilgrimage; expl. in the K by مُعْظَمُهَا, which is a mistake for مَوْضِعُهَا; (TA;) and ↓ مَشَاعِرُ, places thereof: (S:) or الحَجِّ ↓ شَعَائِرُ signifies the مَعَالِم [or characteristic practices] of the pilgrimage, to which God has invited, and the performance of which He has commanded; (K;) as also ↓ المَشَاعِرُ: (TA:) and اللّٰهِ ↓ شَعَائِرُ, all those religious services which God has appointed to us as signs; as the halting [at Mount 'Arafát], and the سَعْى [or tripping to and fro between Es-Safà and El-Marweh], and the sacrificing of victims: (Zj, TA:) or the rites and ceremonies of the pilgrimage, and the places where those rites and ceremonies are performed; (Bd in v. 2 and xxii. 33;) among which places are Es-Safà and El-Marweh, they being thus expressly termed; (Kur ii. 153;) and so accord. to Fr in the Kur v. 2: (TA:) or the obligatory statutes or ordinances of God: (Bd in v. 2:) or the religion of God: (Bd in v. 2 and xxii. 33:) the camels or cows or bulls destined to be sacrificed at Mekkeh are also said in the Kur xxii. 37, to be مِنْ شَعَائِرِ اللّٰهِ, i. e. of the signs of the religion of God: (Bd and Jel:) and [hence the sing.]

↓ شَعِيرَةٌ signifies [sometimes] a camel or cow or bull that is brought to Mekkeh for sacrifice; (S, K;) such as is marked in the manner expl. voce أَشْعَرَ; (Msb;) and شَعَائِرُ is its pl.; (K;) and is also pl. of شِعَارٌ: and the [festival called the]

عِيد is said to be a شِعَار of the شَعَائِر [i. e. a sign of the signs of the religion] of El-Islám. (Msb.) b4: شِعَارُ الدَّمِ is said to mean (tropical:) The piece of rag: or (tropical:) the vulva: because each is a thing that indicates the existence of blood. (Mgh.) A2: Also The [innermost garment; or] garment that is next the body; (S, Msb;) the garment that is next the hair of the body, under the دِثَار; as also ↓ شَعَارٌ; (K;) but this is strange: (TA:) pl. [of pauc.] أَشْعِرَةٌ and [of mult.] شُعُرٌ. (K.) [Hence,] one says, لَبِسَ شِعَارَ الهَمِّ (tropical:) [He involved himself in anxiety]. (A.) And جَعَلَ الخَوْفَ شِعَارَهُ (assumed tropical:) [He made fear to be as though it were his innermost garment], by closely cleaving to it. (TA in art. درع.) [Hence, also,] it is said in a prov., هُمُ الشِّعَارُ دُونَ الدِّثَارِ, meaning (assumed tropical:) They are near in respect of love: and in a trad., relating to the Ansár, أَنْتُمُ الشِّعَارُ وَالنَّاسُ الدِّثَارُ (assumed tropical:) Ye are the special and close friends [and the people in general are the less near in friendship]. (TA.) b2: Also A horse-cloth; a covering for a horse to protect him from the cold. (K.) b3: And (assumed tropical:) A thing with which wine [app. while in the vat] is protected, or preserved from injury: (L, K: [for الخَمْرُ, the reading in the CK, the author of the TK has read الخُمُرُ (and thus I find the word written in my MS. copy of the K) or الخُمْرُ, pls. of الخِمَارُ; and Freytag has followed his example: but الخَمْرُ is the right reading, as is shown by what here follows:]) so in the saying of El-Akhtal, فَكَفَّ الرِّيحَ وَالأَنْدَآءَ عَنْهَا مِنَ الزَّرَجُونِ دُونَهُمَا الشِّعَارُ

[evidently describing wine, and app. meaning (assumed tropical:) And the شعار of the wine, (الشِّعَارُ مِنَ الزَّرَجُونَ, i. e. شِعَارُ الزَّرَجُونِ,) while yet in the vat, intervening as an obstacle to them, kept off the wind and the rains, or dews, or day-dews, from it, namely, the wine]. (L.) b4: See also شَعَارٌ, in two places.

A3: Also Death. (O, K.) شَعِيرٌ, (S, Msb, K,) which may be also pronounced شِعِيرٌ, agreeably with the dial. of Temeem, as may any word of the measure فَعِيلٌ of which the medial radical letter is a faucial, and, accord. to Lth, certain of the Arabs pronounced in a similar manner any word of that measure of which the medial radical letter is not a faucial, like كَبِيرٌ and جَلِيلٌ and كَرِيمٌ, (MF,) [and thus do many in the present day, others pronouncing the fet-h in this case, more correctly, in the manner termed إِمَالَة, i. e. as “ e ” in our word “ bed: ”

Barley;] a certain grain, (S, Msb,) well known: (Msb, K:) of the masc. gender, except in the dial. of the people of Nejd, who make it fem.: (Zj, Msb:) n. un. with ة [signifying a barleycorn]. (S, K.) A2: Also An accompanying associate; syn. عَشِيرٌ مُصَاحِبٌ: on the authority of En-Nawawee: (K, TA:) said to be formed by transposition: but it may be from شَعَرَهَا meaning “ he slept with her in one شِعَار; ” [see 3; and so originally signifying a person who sleeps with another in one innermost garment;] then applied to any special companion. (TA.) شِعَارَةٌ, and, as written by some, شَعَارَةٌ: see شِعَارٌ, in four places.

شَعِيرَةٌ A sign, or mark. (Mgh.) b2: See this word, and the pl. شَعَائِرُ, voce شِعَارٌ, in seven places.

A2: Also n. un. of شَعِيرٌ [q. v.]. (S, K.) b2: and [hence,] (tropical:) The iron [pin] that enters into the tang of a knife which is inserted into the handle, being a fastening to the handle: (S:) or a thing that is moulded of silver or of iron, in the form of a barley-corn, (K, TA,) entering into the tang of the blade which is inserted into the handle, (TA,) being a fastening to the handle of the blade. (K, TA.) b3: [And (assumed tropical:) A measure of length, defined in the law-books &c. as equal to six mule's hairs placed side by side;] the sixth part of the إِصْبَع [or digit]. (Msb voce مِيلٌ.) b4: [And (assumed tropical:) The weight of a barley-corn.]

شُعَيْرَةٌ dim. of شَعْرَةٌ and شَعَرَةٌ: pl. شُعَيْرَاتٌ.]

شُعَيْرَآءُ [dim. of شَعْرَآءُ fem. of أَشْعَرُ.

A2: Also] A kind of trees; (Sgh, K;) in the dial. of Hudheyl. (Sgh, TA.) b2: See also أَشْعَرُ, last signification but one.

شَعِيرِىٌّ A seller of شَعِير [or barley]: one does not use in this sense either of the more analogical forms of شَاعِرٌ and شَعَّار. (Sb, TA.) شَاعِرٌ A poet: (T, S, Msb, K:) so called because of his intelligence; (S, Msb;) or because he knows what others know not: (T, TA:) accord. to Akh, it is a possessive epithet, like لَابِنٌ and تَامِرٌ: (S:) pl. شُعَرَآءُ, (S, Msb, K,) deviating from analogy: (S, Msb:) Sb says that the measure فَاعِلٌ is likened in this case to فَعِيلٌ; and hence this pl.: (TA:) or, accord. to IKh, the pl. is of this form because the sing. is from شَعُرَ, and therefore should by rule be of the measure فَعِيلٌ, like شَرِيفٌ [from شَرُفَ]; but were it so, it might be confounded with شَعِير meaning the grain thus called, therefore they said شَاعِرٌ, and regarded in the pl. the original form of the sing. (Msb.) A wonderful poet is called خِنْذِيذٌ: one next below him, شَاعِرٌ: then, ↓ شَوَيْعِرٌ [the dim.]: (Yoo, K:) then, ↓ شُعْرُورٌ: and then, ↓ مَتَشَاعِرٌ. (K.) b2: Also (assumed tropical:) A liar: because of the many lies in poetry: and so, accord. to some, in the Kur xxi. 5. (B, TA.) b3: شِعْرٌ شَاعِرٌ Excellent poetry: (Sb, T, K:) or known poetry: but the former explanation is the more correct. (TA.) One also says, sometimes, كَلِمَةٌ شَاعِرَةٌ, [by كلمة] meaning قَصِيدَةٌ: but generally in a phrase of this kind the two words are cognate, as in وَيْلٌ وَائِلٌ and لَيْلٌ لَائِلٌ. (TA.) شُوَيْعِرٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

أَشْعَرُ [More, and most, knowing or cognizant or understanding: see 1, first sentence. b2: And,] applied to a verse, (T,) or to a poem, (S,) More [and most] poetical. (T, S. *) A2: Also, (S, A, K,) and ↓ شَعِرٌ, (A, K,) and ↓ شَعْرَانِىٌّ, (K,) which last (SM says) I have seen written شَعَرَانِىٌّ, (TA,) A man having much hair upon his body: (S, A:) or having hair upon the whole of the body: (IAth, L voce أَجْرَدُ [q. v.], in explanation of the first:) or having much and long hair (K, TA) upon the head and body: (TA:) and the first and second, a goat having much hair: fem. of the first شَعْرَآءُ: (TA:) and pl. of the first شَعْرٌ. (S, K.) One says أشْعَثُ أَشْعَرُ, meaning Having his head unshaven and not combed nor anointed. (TA.) And فُلَانٌ أَشْعَرُ الــرَّقَبَــةِ [lit. Such a one is hairy in the neck] is said of a man though he have not hair upon his neck, as meaning (tropical:) such a one is strong, like a lion. (A, * TA.) b2: [The fem.] شَعْرَآءُ also signifies A testicle, or scrotum, (خُصْيَةٌ,) having much hair: (TA:) and the سَوْءَة [or pudendum]: thus used as a subst. (IAar, TA in art. معط.) See also شِعْرَةٌ. b3: And A furred garment. (Th, K.) b4: And as an epithet, (tropical:) Evil, foul, or abominable: [as being likened to that which is shaggy, and therefore unseemly:] (K, * TA:) in the K, الخَشِنَةُ is erroneously put for الخَبِيثَةُ. (TA.) One says, دَاهِيَةٌ شَعْرَآءُ, (S, A, K,) and وَبْرَآءُ, (S, A,) and زَبَّآءُ, (TA in art. زب,) (tropical:) An evil, a foul, or an abominable, (TA,) or a severe, or great, (K,) calamity or misfortune: pl. شُعْرٌ. (K, TA.) and one says to a man when he has said a thing that one blames or with which one finds fault, جِئْتَ بِهَا شَعْرَآءَ ذَاتَ وَبَرٍ (tropical:) [Thou hast said it as a foul, or an abominable, thing]. (S, A. *) b5: And أَشْعَرُ signifies also The hair that surrounds the solid hoof: (S:) or [the extremity, or border, of the pastern, next the solid hoof; i. e.] the extremity of the skin surrounding the solid hoof, (K, TA,) where the small hairs grow around it: (TA:) or the part between the hoof of a horse and the place where the hair of the pastern terminates: and the part of a camel's foot where the hair terminates: (TA:) pl. أَشَاعِرُ, (S, TA,) because it is [in this sense] a subst. (TA.) b6: Also The side of the vulva, or external portion of the female organs of generation: (K:) it is said that the أَشْعَرَانِ are the إِسْكَتَانِ, which are the two sides [or labia majora] of the vulva of a woman: or the two parts next to the شُفْرَانِ, which are the two borders of the إِسْكَتَانِ: or the two parts between the إِسْكَتَانِ and the شُفْرَانِ: (L, TA:) or the two parts next to the شُفْرَانِ, in the hair, particularly: (Zj, in his “ Khalk el-Insán: ”) the أَشَاعِر of the حَيَآء [or vulva of a camel &c.] are the parts where the hair terminates: (TA:) and the أَشَاعِر of a she-camel are the sides of the vulva. (S, L, TA.) b7: And A thing that comes forth from [between] the two halves of the hoof of a sheep or goat, resembling a ثُؤْلُول [or wart]; (Lh, K;) for which it is cauterized. (Lh, TA.) b8: And Flesh coming forth beneath the nail: pl. شُعُرٌ, (K, TA,) with two dammehs, (TA,) or شُعْرٌ. (So in the CK.) b9: And [the fem.] شَعْرَآءُ also signifies (tropical:) Land (أَرْض) containing, or having, trees: or abounding in trees: (A, K:) [and so, app., ↓ شَعْرَانُ; for] there is a mountain in [the province of] El-Mowsil called شَعْرَانُ, said by AA to be thus called because of the abundance of its trees: (S:) or شَعْرَآءُ signifies many trees: (A 'Obeyd, S:) or i. q. أَجَمَةٌ [i. e. a thicket, wood, or forest; &c.]: (TA:) and a meadow (رَوْضَةٌ, AHn, A, K, TA) having its upper part covered with trees, (AHn, K * TA,) or abounding in trees, (TA,) or abounding in herbage: (A:) and a tract of sand (رَمْلَةٌ) producing [the plant called] نَصِىّ (Sgh, L, K) and the like. (Sgh, K.) b10: And (assumed tropical:) A certain tree of the kind called حَمْض, (K, TA,) not having leaves, but having [what are termed] هَدَب [q. v.], very eagerly desired by the camels, and that puts forth strong twigs or branches; mentioned in the L on the authority of AHn, and by Sgh on the authority of Aboo-Ziyád; and the latter adds that it has firewood. (TA.) b11: And (assumed tropical:) A certain fruit: (AHn, TA:) a species of peach: (S, K:) sing. and pl. the same: (AHn, S, K:) or a single peach: (IKtt, MF:) or الأَشْعَرُ is a name of the peach, and the pl. is شُعْرٌ. (Mtr, TA.) b12: Also (assumed tropical:) A kind of fly, (S, K,) said to be that which has a sting, (S,) blue, or red, that alights upon camels and asses and dogs; (K;) as also ↓ شُعَيْرَآءُ: (TA:) a kind of fly that stings the ass, so that he goes round: AHn says that it is of two species, that of the dog and that of the camel: that of the dog is well known, inclines to slenderness and redness, and touches nothing but the dog: that of the camel inclines to yellowness, is larger than that of the dog, has wings, and is downy under the wings: sometimes it is in such numbers that the owners of the camels cannot milk in the day-time nor ride any of them; so that they leave doing this until night: it stings the camel in the soft parts of the udder and around them, and beneath the tail and the belly and the armpits; and they do not protect the animal from it save by tar: it flies over the camels so that one hears it to make a humming, or buzzing, sound. (TA. [See also شُعْرُورٌ, under which its pl. شُعْرٌ is mentioned.]) b13: And [hence, perhaps, as this kind of fly is seen in swarms,] (assumed tropical:) A multitude of men. (K.) أُشَيْعَارٌ: see شَعْرٌ.

مَشْعَرٌ i. q. مَعْلَمٌ [meaning A place where a thing is known to be]. (TA.) b2: And hence, A place of the performance of religious services. (TA.) See this word, and its pl. مَشَاعِرُ, voce شِعَارٌ, in four places. b3: [The pl.] المَشَاعِرُ also signifies The five senses; (S, * A, * TA;) the hearing, the sight, the smell, the taste, and the touch. (S and Msb in art. حس.) A2: See also شَعَارٌ.

دِيَةُ المُشْعَرَةِ The bloodwit that is exacted for killing kings: it is a thousand camels. (A, TA. [See 4.]) مُتَشَاعِرٌ One who affects, or pretends, to be a poet, but is not. (S, * L, * K, * TA.) See شَاعِرٌ.

شرط

1 شَرَطَ عَلَيْهِ كَذَا, (S, Msb, K,) aor. ـِ and شَرُطَ, (S, Msb,) inf. n. شَرْطٌ; (Msb;) and عليه ↓ اشترط كذا; (S, * Msb, * K, * TA;) both signify the same; (S, Msb, K;) [He imposed such a thing as a condition, or by stipulation, upon him;] he made such a thing a condition against him. (TK.) And شَرَطَ عَلَيْهِ فِى البَيْعِ He imposed a thing as obligatory upon him in the sale, and took it upon himself as such. (TK.) A2: شَرَطَ, aor. ـِ and شَرُطَ, (S, Msb, K,) inf. n. شَرْطٌ, (Msb, K,) He (a cupper) scarified; syn. بَزَغَ; (S, K;) as also ↓ شرّط, inf. n. تَشْرِيطٌ. (JK in art. بزغ, and TA. *) [Hence, and from the verb in the sense first mentioned, the saying,] رُبَّ شَرْطِ شَارِطٍ أَوْجَعُ مِنْ شَرْطِ شَارِطٍ

[Many a condition of one making a condition is more painful than the scarifying of a scarifier]. (TA.) b2: He slit the ear of a camel. (TA.) b3: He slit. and then twisted, [or wove together, (see شَرِيطٌ,)] palm-leaves. (TA.) A3: شَرِطَ He fell into a momentous, or formidable, case. (O, K.) 2 شَرَّطَ see the next preceding paragraph.3 شارطهُ, (K,) inf. n. مُشَارَطَةٌ, (TA,) He made a condition, or conditions, or he stipulated, with him, mutually; each of them made a condition, or conditions, or each of them stipulated, with the other. (O, L, K.) And عَلَيْهِ ↓ تشارط is like شَارَطَ [app. meaning He made a condition, or conditions, with another, or others; or they (a party of persons) made a condition, or conditions, together; against him]. (TA.) 4 اشرط نَفْسَهُ He marked himself, and prepared himself, (S, K,) لِكَذَا (K) or لِأَمْرِ كَذَا [ for such an affair]. (S.) b2: He (a courageous man) marked himself for death. (TA.) b3: اشرط نَفْسَهُ وَمَالَهُ فِى هٰذَا الأَمْرِ He put forward, or offered, himself and his property in this affair. (TA.) b4: اشرط إِبِلَهُ He made known that his camels were for sale. (K.) And اشرط طَائِفَةً مِنْ إِبِلِهِ وَغَنَمِهِ He set apart a portion of his camels, and of his sheep, or goats, and made known that they were for sale. (TA.) And اشرط مِنْ إِبِلِهِ, (S, K,) and غَنَمِهِ, (S,) He prepared for sale some of his camels, (S, K,) and of his sheep, or goats. (S.) b5: أَشْرَطْتُ فُلَانًا لِعَمَلِ كَذَا I prepared such a one for such a work, or such an agency or employment, and made him to have the charge, or management, thereof. (AA.) b6: اشرط إِلَيْهِ الرَّسُولَ He hastened to him the messenger, (K, * TA,) and sent him forward: from أَشْرَاطٌ signifying the “ beginnings ” of things. (TA.) A2: اشرط بِهَا, and فِيهَا, He held it to be, or made it, a thing of mean account, and perilled, hazarded, or risked, it. (TA.) [It is not said to what the pronoun refers.]5 تشرّط فِى عَمَلِهِ He acted, or performed, well, soundly and skilfully, or, nicely and exactly, in his work, (O, L, K,) and constrained himself to observe whatever conditions were imposed upon him. (L.) 6 تَشَاْرَطَ see 3.8 إِشْتَرَطَ see 1, first signification. b2: [اُشْتُرِطَ It was made conditional, or a condition. And He, or it, was made to be conditionally intended, in, or by, a saying, دُونَ غَيْرِهِ exclusively of any other..]10 استشرط المَالُ The camels, or the like, became in a bad state after having been in a good state. (Sgh, K.) [See شَرَطٌ.]

شَرْطٌ [A condition; a term; a stipulation; said to signify] the imposition of a thing as obligatory [upon a person], and the taking it upon oneself as such, in a sale and the like; (K;) [but this is a loose explanation, as is observed in the TK; the meaning being a thing imposed upon a person as obligatory, and taken upon oneself as such: in the S, it is merely said to be well known:] and ↓ شَرِيطَةٌ signifies the same: (S, Msb, K:) pl. of the former, شُرُوطٌ: (S, Msb, K:) and of the latter, شَرَائِطُ. (Msb, TA.) It is said in a trad., لَا يَجُوزُ شَرْطَانِ فِى بَيْعٍ [Two conditions in a sale are not allowable]; as when one says, “I sell to thee this garment, or piece of cloth, for ready money for a deenár, and on credit for two deenárs. ” (TA.) And it is said in a prov., الشَّرْطُ أَمْلَكُ عَلَيْكَ أَمْ لَكَ (TA) The condition is most valid, or binding, [whether it be against thee or in thy favour:] (Mgh in art. ملك:) relating to the keeping of conditions between brothers. (Sgh, TA.) [شَرْطٌ also relates to other things beside sales and the like: for instance, you say, شَرْطُ المَصْدَرِ كَذَا وَكَذَا, meaning What is required to justify the application of the term مصدر is such a thing, and such a thing.]

A2: شَرْطَا نَهْرٍ The two banks of a river. (TA.) b2: [The pl.] شُرُوطٌ also signifies Roads leading in different directions. (TA.) A3: See also شَرَطٌ, in two places.

شَرَطٌ A sign, token, or mark, (S, Msb, K,) which men appoint between them; (TA;) as also ↓ شَرْطٌ: (TA:) pl. of the former, أَشْرَاطٌ. (Msb, K.) And hence, (Msb,) أَشْرَاطُ السَّاعَةِ The signs of the resurrection, or of the time thereof; (S, Msb, TA;) mentioned in the Kur [xlvii. 20]: or the small events prior thereto, which men deny: (El-Khattábee:) or the means thereof, exclusive of the main circumstances thereof, and of the event itself. (TA.) b2: [Hence also,] الشَّرَطَانِ The two stars [a and b] which are the two horns of Aries; (S, K, Kzw;) the brighter whereof is called النَّاطِحُ; (Kzw;) [and the other, النَّطْحُ;] the First Mansion of the Moon: (Kzw:) to-wards the north of them is a small star which some of the Arabs reckon with those two, saying that it (namely this mansion, K) consists of three stars, and calling them الأَشْرَاطُ: (S, K:) IAar mentions an instance of the use of the sing., الشَّرَطُ; but the dual is more approved, and more commonly known: (TA:) the two stars above mentioned are the first asterism of the spring. (ISd, Z.) [See مَنَازِلُ القَمَرِ, in art. نزل.] Hassán Ibn-Thábit says, فِى نَدَامَى بِيضِ الوُجُوهِ كِرَامٍ

نُبِّهُوا بَعْدَ هَجْعَةِ الأَشْرَاطِ meaning [Among fair-faced, generous cup-companions, roused from sleep after] the setting of the اشراط: though another meaning, which see below, has been assigned to the last word. (Sgh.) b3: And hence, (ISd, Z,) شَرَطٌ also signifies (assumed tropical:) The beginning of a thing; (ISd, * Z, * K;) as also ↓ مِشْرَاطٌ: (Ibn-'Abbád, K:) pl. of the former, أَشْرَاطٌ, which is applied to the beginnings of any event that happens because the شَرَطَان are the first asterism of the spring: (ISd, Z:) the pl. of ↓ مشراط in the sense here expl. is مَشَارِيطُ. (K.) Hence, accord. to some, أَشْرَاطُ السَّاعَةِ, expl. above. (TA.) A2: The refuse, (S, Msb, K, TA,) such as the galled in the back, and the emaciated, (TA,) and the young, (K,) and the bad, (A'Obeyd,) of camels or the like, (S, K,) or of goats, (Msb,) or of goats also: (S:) used alike as sing. and pl. and masc. and fem.: and applied particularly to the young of camels, as a pl. and as a sing.: also, to a she-camel and to a he-camel: and to such, of camels, as is brought, or driven, from one place to another for sale; as the aged she-camel, and the camel that is galled in the back: (TA:) also the same, not ↓ شَرْطٌ as in the K, [without restriction of its application,] low, base, vile, or mean; (K, * TA;) and so ↓ أَشْرَطُ: (TA:) pl. أَشْرَاطٌ, (S, K,) and pl. pl. أَشَارِيطُ. (S,* TA.) You say, الغَنَمُ

أَشْرَاطُ المَالِ [Sheep, or goats, are the refuse, or meanest sort, of beasts that people possess]. (S.) And شَرَطٌ is also applied to men; (S, TA;) شَرَطُ النَّاسِ signifying The refuse, or lowest or basest or meanest sort, pf mankind or people. (TA.) In the verse of Hassán Ibn-Thábit cited above, الأَشْرَاط is said to mean The guards, or watchmen, and the lowest or basest or meanest sort of people; (S, Sgh;) [so that هَجْعَة must be understood in the sense of “ a light sleep in the first part of the night; ”] but the correct meaning is that expl. before. (Sgh.) b2: Also أَشْرَاطٌ, The noble, eminent, or honourable, sort of men: thus the word has two contr. significations. (Yaakoob, S, K.) A3: And A small water-course coming from a space of ten cubits: (AHn, O, K:) or what flows from even tracts of ground into the [larger water-courses called] شِعَاب. (TA.) شَرْطَةٌ A single act of scarifying; a scarification. (Msb.) شُرْطَةٌ A thing which one has made a condition. (Sgh, K.) You say, خُذْ شُرْطَتَكَ Take thou that which thou hast made a condition. (Sgh, K.) A2: Also, and ↓ شُرَطَةٌ, (Mgh,) or شُرَطٌ, (K,) which is the pl. (Mgh, K) of the former, (K,) The choice men of the army: (Mgh:) and such as compose the first portion of the army that is present in the war or fight, (Mgh, K,) and prepare for death; (K;) [the braves of an army;] they are the Sultán's choice men of the army; and the term شُرْطَةٌ is applied in a trad. to a party making it a condition to die, and not return, unless victorious: (TA:) or this appellation, and ↓ شُرَطَةٌ, which is a rare form, are applied to a body of soldiers; and the pl. is شُرَطٌ: and the pl. is applied to the aids (أَعْوَان [here app. meaning guards]) of the Sul-tán: (Msb:) شُرْطَةٌ, also, is applied to a wellknown body of the aids (أَعْوَان [here meaning armed attendants, officers, or soldiers,]) of the prefects [of the police]; (K;) pl. شُرَطٌ: (TA:) the شُرَط, (As, S, Msb,) or the شُرْطَة, (K,) are so called because they assumed to themselves signs, or marks, whereby they might be known (As, S, Msb, K) to the enemies: (Msb:) or the شُرَط are so called because they were prepared: (AO, S:) or as being likened to the شَرَط, or “ refuse,” of goats; because they were low persons: (Msb:) [or, probably, because they were prepared, or exposed, to be slain:] a single person of the شُرَط is called شُرْطَةٌ (S, Msb) and ↓ شُرَطِىٌّ: (S:) or ↓ شُرْطِىٌّ and ↓ شُرْطِىٌّ are applied to a single person of the شُرْطَة: (K:) ↓ شُرْطِىٌّ is a rel. n. from شُرْطَةٌ; and such also is ↓ شُرَطِىٌّ from شُرَطَةٌ; not from شُرَطٌ, because this is a pl. (Mgh.) صَاحِبُ الشُّرْطَةِ signifies The governor, or prefect, (Mgh, Msb,) [of the police, or] of a town, or city, or district, or province; to whom formerly pertained both religious and civil affairs; but now it is not so. (Mgh. [See رِدْفٌ.]) [In later times, this title has been commonly applied to The chief, or prefect, of the police.] b2: Also The best, best part, or choice, of anything; as also ↓ شَرِيطَةٌ: the latter occurring in a trad., as related by Sh; but Az thinks it should be the former word. (TA.) شُرَطَةٌ: see شُرْطَةٌ, in two places.

شَرَطِىٌّ Of, or relating to, [the asterism called] the شَرَطَان and the أَشْرَاط; as also ↓ أَشْرَاطِىٌّ; the latter being formed from the pl., (IB, TA,) because the stars thus called are regarded as composing one thing. (TA.) You say, رَوْضَةٌ

↓ أَشْرَاطِيَّةٌ, meaning [A garden, or meadow, &c.,] rained upon by the نَوْء [q. v.] of the شَرَطَان. (S. TA.) In the A we find ↓ نَوْءٌ شِرَاطِىٌّ: but probably it should be شَرَطِىٌّ. (TA.) شُرْطِىٌّ and شُرَطِىٌّ: see شُرْطَةٌ, in five places.

شَرِيطٌ A rope, or cord, of twisted palm-leaves: (S, Msb:) and threads of wool and of fibres of the palm-tree [twisted together]: (TA:) or palmleaves twisted together, with which is woven (يُشْرَطُ, as in the K, or, as in the O, accord. to the TA, يُشْرَحُ, [app. a mistake for يُشْرَجُ,]) a couch, or bier, [app. meaning the part thereof upon which a man or corpse lies,] and the like: (O, K:) so called because its palm-leaves are split, and then twisted together: if of fibres of the palm-tree, it is called دِسَارٌ: (TA:) or a wide rope [or flat plait] woven of fibres or leaves of the palm-tree: (Mgh in art. قمط:) or a rope of any kind: pl. شَرَائِطُ and شُرُطٌ. (TA.) Also Threads of silk, or of silk and of gold, twisted together [or woven, so as to form a kind of flat lace, like tape]: so called as being likened to the threads of wool and of fibres of the palm-tree [twisted together]. (TA.) b2: Also The [sort of basket, or small box, called] عَتِيدَة in which a woman puts her perfumes (IAar, O, K) and her utensils or apparatus. (IAar, O.) and The [sort of receptacle called] عَيْبَة [q. v.]. (IAar, O.) شَرِيطَةٌ: see شَرْطٌ: b2: and see also شُرْطَةٌ, last sentence.

A2: Also A she-camel having her ear slit: (K, TA:) of the measure فَعِيلَةٌ in the sense of the measure مَفْعُولَةٌ. (TA.) b2: And A sheep or goat having a slight scar made upon its throat, like the scarification of the cupper, without the severing of the [veins called] أَوْدَاج, and without making the blood to flow copiously: thus they used to do in the Time of Ignorance, cutting a little of the animal's throat, (K, TA,) and then leaving it to die; (TA;) and they considered it a lawful mode of slaughtering it; but the eating of such an animal is forbidden in a trad.: (K, TA:) or one scarified on account of some disease; and when such died, they said that they had slaughtered it. (TA.) شِرَاطِىٌّ: see شَرَطِىٌّ.

شِرْوَاطٌ, applied to a man, Tall: (O, K:) and, applied to a camel, (Ibn-'Abbád, O,) or to a hecamel, (Kudot;,) swift: (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K:) or it is applied in the former sense to a man, and is also applied to a camel, male and female alike, ('Eyn, S,) as meaning tall and slender: ('Eyn:) or it means tall, spare of flesh, slender; applied to a man and to a camel, and to the female likewise, without ة. (L.) الغَنَمُ أَشْرَطُ المَالِ Sheep, or goats, are the vilest sort of beasts that one possesses: an instance of a noun of superiority without a verb; which is extr.: (K, TA:) this is from the “ Isláh el-Alfádh ” of ISk: but in some of the copies of that work, we find أَشْرَاط in the place of أَشْرَط. (ISd, TA.) See شَرَطٌ.

أَشْرَاطِىٌّ: fem. with ة: see شَرَطِىٌّ, in two places.

مِشْرَطٌ A lancet (S, K, TA) with which the cupper scarifies; (TA;) as also ↓ مِشْرَاطٌ. (S, K, TA.) مِشْرَاطٌ: [pl. مَشَارِيطُ:] see مِشْرَطٌ: A2: and see شَرَطٌ, in two places.

A3: أَخَذَ لِلْأَمْرِ مَشَارِيطَهُ He took his apparatus, [or prepared himself,] for the thing, or affair. (Ibn-'Abbád, K.)

شمط

1 شَمِطَ, aor. ـَ inf. n. شَمَطٌ, He (a man, S, TA) was, or became, grizzled in the hair of his head; he had whiteness in the hair of his head, mixed with its blackness: (S, Mgh, * K:) as also ↓ أَشْمَطَ, (K, but wanting in one copy,) and ↓ اِشْمَطَّ, and ↓ اِشْمَاطَّ, and ↓ اِشْمَأَطَّ: (K:) [or he had hair of two different colours, black and white: or he had whiteness of the hair, or hoariness, mixed with the blackness of youth: or he had whiteness, or hoariness, in his beard: but شَمِطَتْ, said of a woman, she had whiteness, or hoariness, in the head: see شَمَطٌ, below.]

A2: شَمَطَ, aor. ـِ (S, K,) inf. n. شَمْطٌ, (S,) He mixed a thing; (S, K;) he mixed together any two things: (S, Mgh:) and ↓ أَشْمَطَ signifies the same. (Az, K.) You say, شَيَطَ بَيْنَ المَآءِ وَاللَّبَنِ He mixed together the water and the milk. (TA.) And عَمَلَكَ بِصَدَقَةٍ ↓ أَشْمِطْ (assumed tropical:) Mix thou thy work with alms. (Az.) And Aboo-'Amr Ibn-El-'Alà

used to say to his companions, اشْمِطُوا, [i. e. either اِشْمِطُوا or ↓ أَشْمِطُوا,] meaning (assumed tropical:) Betake yourselves at one time to reading, or reciting, somewhat of the Kur-án, and another time to some tradition, and another time to something strange [that is to be elucidated], and another time to poetry, and another time to lexicology; i. e., mix ye these [subjects of study]: (TA:) or, accord. to one relation, ↓ شَمِّطُوا. (Har p. 177; where it is expl. in a similar manner).2 شَمَّطَ see above, last sentence.4 أَشْمَطَ see 1, in four places.9 إِشْمَطَّ see 1, first sentence.11 إِشْمَاْطَّ see 1, first sentence. Q. Q. 4 see 1, first sentence.

شَمَطٌ Whiteness of the hair of the head mixed with its blackness: (S, Mgh, K:) or difference in the hair by being of two colours, black and white: (M, TA:) or mixture of whiteness of the hair, or hoariness, with the blackness of youth: (Mgh:) or in a man, whiteness, or hoariness, of the beard: (Lth, Mgh, TA:) but in a woman, whiteness, or hoariness, of the head. (Lth, TA.) [See 1.] b2: Also شَمَطَاتٌ, which is its pl., White hairs that are in the head. (TA.) شَمِيطٌ Mixed; as also ↓ مَشْمُوطٌ: (K:) mixed together; (S, TA;) applied to any two things; (S;) or any two colours. (TA.) b2: ذَنَبٌ شَمِيطٌ; in the K, ذِئْبٌ, which is a mistake; (TA;) A tail (TA) in which are blackness and whiteness. (K, TA.) And فَرَسٌ شَمِيطُ الذَّنَبِ A horse in whose tail are two colours. (TA.) And طَائِرٌ شَمِيطُ الذُّنَابَى A bird having a whiteness (Lth, K) and blackness (Lth) in the tail. (Lth, K.) b3: نَبْتٌ شَمِيطٌ A plant of which part is dried up, or dried up and yellow, (Lth, S, K,) and part green. (Lth, K.) b4: الشَّمِيطُ, [in a copy of the Mgh, ↓ شُمَيْطٌ, which is probably a mistranscription,] (tropical:) The dawn: (S, K:) because of the mixture of its whiteness with the remains of the darkness of night: (S, Mgh:) or because its colour is a mixture of darkness and whiteness. (TA.) b5: لَبَنٌ شَمِيطٌ (tropical:) Milk which is such that one knows not whether it be sour or what has been collected in a skin, and had fresh milk poured upon it, by reason of its pleasantness. (K, TA.) b6: وَلَدٌ شَمِيطٌ (tropical:) Children of whom half are males and half are females. (L, K.) شُمَيْطٌ: see شَمِيطٌ.

A2: See also صُرَدٌ.

أَشْمَطُ A man (S) having the hair of his head grizzled; having whiteness in the hair of his head, mixed with its blackness: (S, K:) [or whose hair is of two different colours, black and white: or having whiteness of the hair, or hoariness, mixed with the blackness of youth: or having whiteness, or hoariness, in his beard: see شَمَطٌ, above:] or whose hair of his head is white in one place, the rest being black: (Mgh:) fem. شَمْطَآءُ: (Lth, S, Mgh:) one should not apply to a woman the epithet شَيْبَآءُ: (Lth, Mgh:) pl. شُمْطَانٌ (S, K) and شُمْطٌ. (K.) b2: نَاقَةٌ شَمْطَآءُ A she-camel having white lips. (TA.) b3: لَحُمٌ أَشْمَطُ [Flesh-meat marbled with fat]. (Az, TA in art. كرش.) مَشْمُوطٌ: see شَمِيطٌ.