شيخ
1 شَاخَ, (
S,
A,
Msb,
K,)
aor. ـِ (
S,
Msb,
K,)
inf. n. شَيَخٌ, with fet-h to the ى, (
S,
K,) and شُيُوخَةٌ (
K) and شِيُوخَةٌ (
TA) and شُيُوخِيَّةٌ (
K) and شِيُوخِيَّةٌ (
Zbd,
TA) and شَيْخُوخَةٌ [the most common form, respecting which see what follows,] (
S,
A,
Msb,
K) and شَيْخُوخِيَّةٌ; (
K;) and ↓ شيّخ,
inf. n. تَشْيِيخٌ; (
S,
A,
K;) and ↓ تشيّخ; (
K;) He became a شَيْخ [i. e. an old, or elderly, man; &c.]: (
S,
A,
Msb,
K:) in شَيْخُوخَةٌ, the ى is originally movent [with fet-h], and afterwards made quiescent, for there is not in the language a word of the measure فَعْلُولٌ [except صَعْفُوقٌ, as is said in the
S in art. حيد]: as to the similar words whose medial radical letter is و, as كَيْنُونَةٌ and قَيْدُودَةٌ and دَيْمُومَةٌ and هَيْعُوعَةٌ, these are originally كَيَّنُونَةٌ [for كَيْوَنُونَةٌ, of the measure فَيْعَلُولَةٌ,] and the like, and are contracted; for were it not so, they would be كَوْنُونَةٌ and the like. (
S,
L.) 2 شيّخ: see the preceding paragraph.
A2: شيّخهُ, (
S,
K,)
inf. n. تَشْيِيخٌ, (
TA,) He called him by the appellation of شَيْخ, to pay him honour, or respect. (
S,
K,
TA.)
A3: And شيّخ عَلَيْهِ He attributed or imputed to him, or charged him with, a vice, or fault; blamed, or reproached, him; (
K,
TA;) cast a bad, an evil, a foul, or an excessively bad or evil or foul, imputation upon him. (
TA.) And شيّخ بِهِ [and so شيّخهُ
accord. to an explanation of شَيَّخْتُ الرجل, as on the authority of
Az, in the
TA, but this may be a mistranscription for شيّخت بِالرَّجُلِ,] He exposed his vices, faults, or evil actions; disgraced him; or put him to shame. (
K,
TA.) 5 تشيّخ: see 1.
b2: [It signifies also] He feigned, or made a show of, old age. (
KL.) شَيْخٌ (
S,
A,
Mgh,
L,
Msb,
K, &c.) and ↓ شَيْخُونٌ, (
K,) but the latter is a strange word, mentioned by some of the expositors of the
Fs, as expressing more than the former word, (
MF,) [An old, or elderly, man; an elder, as meaning a man whose age gives him a claim to reverence or respect; a senior;] one advanced in age, (
Mgh,) such as is beyond him who is termed كَهْلٌ, (
Mgh,
Msb,) which means him whose شَبَاب [i. e. youthfulness, or prime of manhood,] is ended: (
Mgh:) one in whom age has become apparent, (
L,
K,) and hoariness: (
L:) or a man from the age of fifty, or fifty-one, to the end of his life, or to the age of eighty: (
L,
K:) also
expl. as meaning a man advanced in age but having strength, or vigour, to fight: and an old and weak, or a decrepit, man, who is of no service: (
Mgh:) [in the present day, شَيْخٌ is used in the senses above mentioned; and is also especially applied, as an appellation of honour, to a doctor of religion and law; a head, or chief, of a religious confraternity; a chief of a tribe or the like, and of a village; and to a reputed saint:]
fem. ↓ شَيْخَةٌ, (
S,
A,
Msb,
K,) an old, or aged, woman;
syn. عَجُوزٌ: (
A:) [and applied in the present day particularly to a learned woman; an instructress; and the like:] the
pl. [of pauc.] of شَيْخٌ is أَشْيَاخٌ (
S,
A,
Mgh,
Msb,
K) and شِيخَةٌ (
Kr,
ISd,
A,
Mgh,
Msb,
K) and [of mult.]
شُيُوخٌ (
S,
A,
Mgh,
Msb,
K) and شِيُوخٌ (
K, with kesr, to agree with the ى,
TA) and شِيخَانٌ (
S,
A,
Msb,
K) and شِيَخَةٌ (
S,
Mgh,
K) and شَيَخَةٌ (A [there said to be like عَبَدَةٌ]) and ↓ مَشْيَخَةٌ, (
K, and so in one of my copies of the
S,) or this last is a
quasi-pl. n., (
Mgh,
Msb,) and [so are]
↓ مِشْيَخَةٌ and ↓ مَشْيُخَةٌ and ↓ مِشْيُخَةٌ (
TA) and ↓ مَشِيخَةٌ (
K, and so in one of my copies of the
S,) and ↓ مَشْيُوخَآءُ, (
S,
K,) the last like مَشْيُوحَآءُ and مَعْلُوجَآءُ and مَسْلُومَآءُ and مَعْبُودَآءُ and مَعْيُورَآءُ, which are said to be the only other instances of this form, (
TA,) [but to these should be added مَحْمُورَآءُ and مَكْبُورَآءُ and مَتْيُوسَآءُ and perhaps some other instances,] and ↓ مَشْيُخَآءُ, (
K,) and another
pl. is ↓ مَشَايِخُ, (
S,
A,
K,) or this last is
pl. of مَشْيَخَةٌ, (
Mgh,
Msb,) and is disallowed by
IDrd and
Kz (
TA) [though very commonly used in the present day, especially as applied to doctors of religion and law]; and the
pl. of أَشْيَاخٌ is أَشَايِيخُ, like أَنَايِيبُ
pl. of أَنْيَابٌ: (
Z,
TA:) the
dim. of شَيْخٌ is ↓ شُيَيْخٌ (
S,
A,
K) and ↓ شِيَيْخٌ, (
S,
K,) with kesr to the ش: (
S:) ↓ شُوَيْخٌ is not allowable, (
S,
A,) or is rare. (
K.)
b2: [الشَّيْخَانِ, The two Sheykhs, is a title peculiarly applied to the first two Khaleefehs, Aboo-Bekr and 'Omar.]
b3: شَيْخٌ also signifies (assumed
tropical:) A woman's husband, (
K,) though young: and in like manner, a man's wife, whether old or young, is called his عَجُوز. (
Az,
TA in art. عجز.)
b4: [And (
tropical:) An ancestor.
Accord. to a copy of the
A that seems to have been used by the author of the
TA, one says, وَرِثَ مِنْ مَشِيخَةِ الكَرَم and من أَشْيَاخِهِ, which is
tropical, meaning مِنْ آبَائِهِ: but the right reading is evidently ↓ من مَشِيخَتِهِ, and الكَرَمَ; and the meaning, (
tropical:) He inherited, from his ancestors, generosity.]
b5: شَيْخُ النَّارِ means (
tropical:) Iblees: because he was created of fire, or because his ultimate place will be the fire of Hell. (
Har p. 130.)
b6: And الشَّيْخُ (assumed
tropical:) The mountain-goat that is advanced in age, or fullgrown. (
TA.)
b7: And (assumed
tropical:) The milk-skin. (
TA.)
b8: أَشْيَاخُ النُّجُومِ
i. q. أُصُولُهَا, (
K,) i. e. (assumed
tropical:) The seven [or five] planets; (
TK;) or the دَرَارِىْء [also applied by some to the five planets, Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter, and Saturn];
accord. to
IAar, اشياخ النجوم, (
TA in this art.,) or أَسْنَاخُ النُّجُومِ as is related by
Th, (
TA in art. سنخ,) means the stars that do not make their [temporary] abode in the Mansions of the Moon, which [latter] are called نُجُومُ الأَخْذِ:
ISd says, I think that he means, by the نجوم, the fixed stars:
Th says that they are called only أَسْنَاخُ النُّجُومِ, i. e. the أُصُول thereof, around which the [other] stars revolve, and pursue their courses. (
TA. [See also سِنْخٌ, last sentence.])
A2: شَيْخٌ signifies also A certain tree; (
Az,
K,
TA;) also called شَجَرَةُ الشُّيُوخِ, the fruit of which is a جِرْو [
q. v.] like that of the خِرِّيع, which is the bastard saffron (شَجَرَةُ العُصْفُرِ); it grows in the meadows, and the قُرْيَان [or places where water runs to, or in, or into, meadows, &c.]. (
Az,
TA.) شَيْخَةٌ
fem. of شَيْخٌ,
q. v. (
S,
A,
Msb,
K.) شَيْخُونٌ: see شَيْخٌ.
شُيَيْخٌ and شِيَيْخٌ and شُوَيْخٌ: dims. of شَيْخٌ,
q. v.
مَشْيَخَةٌ and مِشْيَخَةٌ &c.; and the
pl. مَشَايِخُ: see شَيْخٌ, in seven places.
مَشْيُخَآءُ: see شَيْخٌ.
مَشْيُوخَآءُ: see شَيْخٌ.
