خرق

1 خَرَقَهُ, (JK, S, Mgh, Msb, K,) aor. ـِ (Mgh, Msb, K) and خَرُقَ, (K,) the former of which is the more chaste, (TA,) inf. n. خَرْقٌ, (S, Mgh, Msb, KL,) He made a hole in it, perforated it, pierced it, or bored it; (Msb, * KL;) syn. جَابَهُ [in this sense, as well as in another to be explained below], (K, [in the CK, erroneously, جاءَ بهِ,]) and ثَقَبَهُ: (TA:) and he cut it [so as to make a hole or a slit in it]: (Msb:) and he rent it, or tore it. (JK, K, KL.) You say, خَرَقَ الثَوْبَ, (JK, S, Mgh, K,) aor. ـِ [and خَرُقَ], inf. n. as above, (Mgh,) He [made a hole in, or] rent, or tore, the garment, or piece of cloth; (JK, K;) and الخُفَّ [the boot]; and the like. (Mgh.) And خَرَقَ الصَّخْرَةَ He made a hole in the rock; syn. جَابَهُ. (A in art. جوب.) [And خَرَقَ الحَائِطَ He made a hole in, or through, the wall: see خَرْقٌ, below.] And خَرَقَهُ بِالمِثْقَبِ He made a hole in it or through it, perforated it, pierced it, or bored it, with a drill or the like; syn. ثَقَبَهُ. (Msb in art. ثقب.) خَرَقَ السَّفِينَةَ [He made a hole in the ship], in the Kur xviii. 70, means that he did so by taking out, from the ship, with an axe, (Ksh, Bd, Jel,) a plank, (Jel,) or two planks. (Ksh, Bd.) b2: [Hence,] خَرَقَ الأَرْضَ, (JK, S, Msb,) or المَفَازَةَ, (Mgh, K, *) (tropical:) He traversed, crossed, or cut through by journeying, (JK, S, Mgh, Msb, K,) the earth, or land, (JK, S, Msb,) or the desert; (Mgh, K;) syn. قَطَعَهَا; (JK, Mgh, K; *) or جَابَهَا; (S, Msb;) so as to reach the furthest part thereof. (Mgh, TA.) [See also 8.] It is said in the Kur [xvii. 39], إِنَّكَ لَنْ تَخْرِقَ الأَرْضَ, meaning, For thou shalt not reach the extremities of the earth: or, accord. to Az, thou shalt not traverse the earth in length and breadth: (TA:) or it means thou shalt not bore through the earth, (Jel, TA,) so as to reach the end thereof: (Jel:) or thou shalt not make a hole in the earth by thy vehement treading: (Ksh, Bd:) accord. to one reading, لن تَخْرُقَ. (Ksh, TA.) b3: [and خَرَقَتِ الرِّيحُ (assumed tropical:) The wind passed along: and (assumed tropical:) blew: for] the inf. n. خَرْقٌ signifies (assumed tropical:) the passing of the wind: and (assumed tropical:) the blowing thereof. (KL.) [See also 7 and 8.] b4: خَرَقَ الكَذِبَ (tropical:) He forged, or feigned, the lie; as also ↓اخترقهُ. (K, TA.) It is said in the Kur vi. 100, وَخَرَقُوا لَهُ بَنِينَ وَبَنَاتٍ, i. e. (tropical:) And they have feigned Him to have, or falsely attributed to Him, sons and daughters. (Ksh, Bd, Jel. [See also 2.]) And خَرَقَ [alone, the object being understood], (K,) inf. n. as above, (KL,) signifies (tropical:) He lied; told a lie: (K, KL, TA:) and ↓ تخرّق (tropical:) he forged, or feigned, a lie. (S, K, TA.) A2: خَرِقَتِ الشَّاةُ, aor. ـَ inf. n. خَرَقٌ, The sheep had in its ear a خَرْق, i. e. a round hole or perforation. (Msb.) A3: خَرِقَ فِى

البَيْتِ, aor. ـَ (JK, K,) inf. n. خُرُوقٌ, (JK,) or خَرَقٌ; (TK;) and خَرَقَ, inf. n. خُرُوقٌ; (K;) He remained in the house, or tent, not quitting it. (JK, * K.) b2: And خَرِقَ, aor. ـَ inf. n. خَرَقٌ, said of a gazelle, or young gazelle, (Msb, K, TA,) when hunted, (TA,) or when overtaken by the dog, (IAar,) It was frightened, (Msb, K, TA, [in the CK, اَنْ يَعْرَقَ is erroneously put for أَنْ يَفْرَقَ,]) so as to be unable to go away, (Msb,) or so as to be unable to rise, (K, TA,) and clave to the ground: (IAar, TA:) and in like manner said of a bird, (Msb, K,) it became frightened, (K,) or impatient, (TA,) so as to be unable to fly away. (K, TA.) b3: And hence, (Msb,) the same verb, (S, Msb, K,) with the same aor. , (Msb, K,) and the same inf. n., (S, Msb, K,) said of a man, (Msb,) He became confounded, or perplexed, and unable to see his right course; or he became bereft of his reason or intellect, because of fear, or of shame: (S, Msb, K:) or he was confounded, perplexed, or amazed, [for يَتَهَيَّبَ in the CK, I read يَبْهَتَ, as in other copies of the K and in the TA,] opening his eyes, and looking: (K, TA:) and he remained confounded, or perplexed, and unable to see his right course, by reason of anxiety, or of hardship, or distress. (TA.) وَقَعَ فَخَرِقَ [He fell down and clave to the ground], occurring in a trad, means he fell down dead. (TA.) A4: خَرِقَ, aor. ـَ (JK, S, Msb, K,) inf. n. خَرَقٌ; (S, Msb, K; *) and خَرُقَ, aor. ـُ (JK, K,) [of which خُرْقٌ, said in the S and Msb to be a simple subst., may be the inf. n., like as حُسْنٌ is of حَسْنَ;] He was rough, ungentle, clumsy, or awkward, (S, Msb, K,) in doing, or making, a thing: (Msb:) and he was unskilful in work, and in the management of affairs: and he was foolish; stupid; or unsound, or deficient, in intellect or understanding: (K:) or he was ignorant: (JK:) or the latter verb signifies he knew not his work with his hand, or his handicraft. (Msb.) and خَرُقَ بِالشَّىْءِ He was ignorant of the thing, (K, TA,) and did it not well. (TA.) 2 خرّقه, (S, Msb,) inf. n. تَخْرِيقٌ, (Msb, K,) is similar to خَرَقَهُ, but has an intensive signification; [He made holes in it; perforated it, pierced it, or bored it, in several, or many, places: he cut it so as to make holes or slits in it:] (Msb:) he rent it, or tore it, much, or in several, or many, places: (K, TA:) namely, a garment, (S, TA,) &c. (TA.) b2: And خرّق, (TA,) inf. n. as above, (K,) (assumed tropical:) He lied much. (K, TA.) Aboo-Jaafar and Náfi' read, [in the Kur vi. 100,] وَخَرَّقُوا لَهُ بَنِينَ وَبَنَاتٍ (assumed tropical:) [And they have very falsely attributed to Him sons and daughters]. (TA. [See also 1.]) 4 اخرقهُ He (a man, S) caused him to be confounded, or perplexed, so that he was unable to see his right course; or caused him to be bereft of his reason, or intellect. (S, K.) 5 تخرّق quasi-pass. of خَرَّقَ; [thus signifying It had holes made in it; became perforated, pierced, or bored, in several, or many, places: it became cut so as to have holes or slits made in it: it became rent, or torn, much, or in several, or many, places:] (S, * K:) as also ↓ انخرق; (K;) [or rather the latter, as is indicated in the S, is quasi-pass. of خَرَقَ, and thus signifies it had a hole made in it; became perforated, pierced, or bored: it became cut so as to have a hole or slit made in it: it became rent, or torn:] and ↓اخرورق signifies the same [as the former or as the latter]: all said of a garment [&c.]: (S:) and ↓ انخرق signifies also it became wide, or expanded. (TA.) b2: [Hence,] تخرّق فِى السَّخَآءِ (tropical:) He took a wide, or an ample, range, or was profuse, in liberality, bounty, or munificence; syn. توسّع. (S, K, TA.) b3: See also 1, in the middle of the paragraph. b4: And see what next follows, in two places.7 إِنْخَرَقَ see 5, in two places. b2: انخرقتِ الرِّيحُ (tropical:) The wind blew [app. in any manner, (see مُنْخَرَق,) or] irregularly; not in one uniform manner: (TA:) [and ↓تخرّفت app. signifies the same: for you say,] بَلَدٌ وَاسِعٌ تَنْخَرِقُ بِهِ الرِّيَاحُ [(assumed tropical:) A wide country in which the winds blow, or blow irregularly]: (El-Muärrij, TA:) and فِيهَا الرِّيَاحُ ↓ أَرْضٌ وَاسِعَةٌ تَتَخَرَّقُ [app. meaning, in like manner, (assumed tropical:) A wide land in which the winds blow, &c.]. (S, K.) 8 اخترق (tropical:) He, or it, passed through, or over, or across. (Mgh, K, * TA.) [See also 1, in the former half of the paragraph.] (tropical:) He traversed, or crossed, (Mgh, TA,) a desert, (Mgh,) or a land, (TA,) not following a road. (Mgh, TA.) [(assumed tropical:) He travelled a road: see an ex. voce ثُغْرَةٌ.] (tropical:) He made a mosque, (Mgh, TA,) and a house, (TA,) to be his way, or thoroughfare. (Mgh, TA.) Hence, اخترق الحِجْرَ (assumed tropical:) He entered into the midst of the حِجْر [q. v.], without going around the حَطِيم. (Mgh.) And الخَيْلُ تَخْتَرِقُ مَابَيْنَ القُرَى وَالأَرْضِ (tropical:) The horses, or horsemen, pass through the midst of the intervening spaces of the towns, or villages, and the land. (TA.) And اِخْتَرَقْتُ القَوْمَ (assumed tropical:) I stepped into the midst of the people, or party. (TA.) And الرَّيحُ تَخْتَرِقُ الأَشْجَارَ (assumed tropical:) [The wind passes, or blows, through the trees.] (JK.) اِخْتِرَاقُ الرِّيَاحِ signifies (assumed tropical:) The passing [or blowing] of the winds. (S.) [See also 1, in the middle of the paragraph; and see 7.] b2: اخترق الكَذِبَ: see 1, in the middle of the paragraph.12 إِخْرَوْرَقَ see 5.

خَرْقٌ, originally an inf. n., of 1: (S, Mgh, Msb, TA:) A hole, or perforation, (Mgh, Msb, KL,) in a garment, (S, TA,) and in a wall, (Msb, TA,) &c.: (Msb:) and a round hole, or perforation, in the ear of a sheep: (S, Msb:) pl. خُرُوقٌ. (S, Mgh, Msb.) Hence the saying, اِتَّسَعَ الخَرْقُ عَلَى الرَّاقِعِ [The hole was, or became, wide to the patcher]. (TA.) b2: And A part that has a hole made in it, or that is rent, or torn, of, or from, a thing. (TA.) b3: Also A desert; and so ↓ مَخْرَقٌ: (K:) or the former, a desert far extending, (JK, TA,) whether level or not level: and ↓ the latter, a wide desert in which the winds [blow, or] blow irregularly: (TA:) and the former, (El-Muärrij, K,) as also ↓ خَرْقَآءٌ, (K,) signifies likewise a wide land, (K,) or a wide country, (El-Muärrij,) in which the winds [blow, or] blow irregularly: (El-Muärrij, K: [see 7:]) ISh says, the space between El-Basrah and Hafr Abee-Moosà is a خَرْق, and that between En-Nibáj and Dareeyeh is a خَرْق: (TA:) pl. خُرُوقٌ. (K.) You say also خَوْقَآءُ ↓ مَفَازَةٌ خَرْقَآءُ A farextending desert. (TA.) And قَطَعْنَا إِلَيْكُمْ أَرْضًا

↓ خَرْقَآءَ and ↓ خَرُوقًا [We have traversed, in journeying to you, a wide land, or a wide land in which the winds blow, &c.]. (TA.) A2: Also A certain plant, resembling the قُسْط [q. v.], (JK, Ibn-'Abbád, K,) having leaves. (JK, Ibn-'Abbád.) خُرْقٌ a subst. from خَرِقَ, (S, Msb,) [or perhaps inf. n. of خَرُقَ as syn. with خَرِقَ, (see 1, last two sentences,)] and ↓ خُرُقٌ, (TA,) Roughness, ungentleness, clumsiness, or awkwardness; contr. of رِفْقٌ; (JK, S, * Mgh, Msb, * K, TA;) in doing, or making, a thing: (Msb:) unskilfulness in work, and in the management of affairs: foolishness; stupidity; or unsoundness, or deficiency, in intellect or understanding; as also ↓ خُرْقَةٌ: (K:) and ignorance. (TA.) [Hence,] نَوْمَةُ الخُرْقِ The sleep of [the time of morning called] the ضُحَى. (Har p. 223. [See also حُمْقٌ and خُلُقٌ.]) A2: The first of these words is also pl. of أَخْرَقُ and of [its fem.] خَرْقَآءُ. (K.) A3: Also The she-camel's vulva. (JK.) خِرْقٌ and ↓ خِرِّيقٌ (tropical:) Liberal, bountiful, munificent, or generous; (S, K;) as also ↓ مِخْرَاقٌ: (IAar, K:) or ↓ the second signifies very liberal or bountiful &c.: (K: [so in a later part of the art.:]) or this and the first signify one who takes a wide, or an ample, range, or is profuse, in liberality or bounty &c.: (TA:) or a youth, or young man, (JK,) excellent, or elegant, in mind, manners, address, speech, person, and the like; or clever, or ingenious; with liberality, bounty, munificence, or generosity, (Lth, JK, K,) and courage: (Lth, JK:) and a goodly youth or young man, [for الفَتِىُّ in the CK, I read الفَتَى, as in other copies of the K,] of generous disposition: (K:) the pl. (of خِرْقٌ, TA) is أَخْرَاقٌ [a pl. of pauc.] (K) and خُرَاقٌ, or خُرَّاقٌ, (accord. to different copies of the K, [both anomalous, and perhaps it is خِرَاقٌ, agreeably with analogy,]) and خُرُوقٌ; (K;) and the pl. of ↓ خِرِّيقٌ is خِرِّيقُونَ; no broken pl. of it having been heard. (T, TA.) One says also, الكَفِّ بِالنَّوَالِ ↓ هُوَ مَتَخَرِّقُ (tropical:) [He has a liberal hand, largely beneficent]. (TA.) and الكّفِّ بِالنَّوَالِ ↓ هُوَ مَخْرُوقُ (tropical:) He is liberal, bountiful, munificent, or generous. (TA. [But see مَخْرُوقٌ below.]) b2: خِرْقٌ is also applied to a spear, meaning (assumed tropical:) Highly esteemed or prized; excellent; or rare. (TA.) خَرُقٌ: see أَخْرَقُ.

خَرِقٌ [part. n. of خَرِقَ, q. v.:] A young gazelle weak in the legs, (K, TA,) cleaving to the ground, and not rising: (TA:) a gazelle, or young gazelle, (K, TA,) when hunted, (TA,) frightened, so as to be unable to rise: (K, TA:) and in like manner a bird (K, TA) frightened, (K,) or impatient, (TA,) so as to be unable to fly away: (K, TA:) fem. with ة. (K.) b2: And [hence,] A man (Msb) confounded, or perplexed, and unable to see his right course; or bereft of his reason or intellect, by reason of fear, or of shame: (S, Msb, K:) or confounded, perplexed, or amazed, opening his eyes, and looking. (K, TA.) See also أَخْرَقُ.

A2: Also Ashes: because they remain [cleaving to the ground] while the people thereof go away. (K.) خُرُقٌ: see خُرْقٌ.

خُرْقَةٌ: see خُرْقٌ.

خِرْقَةٌ A piece, (S, Msb, K,) or piece torn off, (TA,) of a garment, or of cloth; [a rag;] pl. خِرَقٌ. (S, Msb, TA.) b2: [A ragged, patched, garment: and particularly one worn by a devotee; also called مُرَقَّعَةٌ, q. v.: but this is probably postclassical. Hence, أَصْحَابُ الخِرَقِ The devotees.]

b3: (tropical:) A portion of a swarm of locusts, (K, TA,) less than a رِجْل; as also حِزْقَةٌ. (TA.) خَرُوقٌ: see the next paragraph: b2: and see also خَرْقٌ.

خَرِيقٌ A womb rent by the fœtus, and that consequently does not conceive (K, TA) afterwards; (TA;) [of the measure فَعِيلٌ in the sense of the measure مَفْعُولٌ;] as also ↓ مُتَخَرِّقَةٌ. (K.) b2: And A she-camel whose womb has been rent. (JK.) Applied to a well (بِئْر), it signifies الَّتِى

كُسِرَ جِبْلَتُهَاعَنِ المَآءِ: (JK, Ibn-' Abbád, K:) [in the CK جَبَلَتُها: neither of these readings affords an admissible meaning: the right reading I believe to be جِيلُهَا; and the meaning, Of which the side, or lateral part, is broken, from the water upwards:] pl. خَرَائِقُ (JK, Ibn-' Abbád, K, TA) and خُرُقٌ, (Ibn-' Abbád, K, TA, [the latter erroneously written in the CK خُرُوْقٌ,]) like سَفَائِنُ and سُفْنٌ. (TA.) b3: A channel of water that is not deep, and not without trees. (JK, Ibn-'Abbád, K.) b4: The place of expanding of a valley, where it ends. (JK, K.) b5: A low, or depressed, tract of land, containing herbage: pl. خُرُقٌ. (S, K.) One says, مَرَرْتُ بِخَرِيقٍ مِنَ الأَرْضِ بَيْنَ مَسْحَاوَيْنِ [I passed by a low tract of land, containing herbage, between two plain tracts containing small pebbles and without herbage]. (Fr, S.) b6: Hard ground. (A, TA.) b7: (tropical:) A violent wind; (A, TA;) as also ↓ رِيحٌ خَرْقَآءُ: (S, K:) the latter signifies (tropical:) a wind that blows violently: or, that does not continue to blow in the same direction: (TA:) or the former signifies (tropical:) a cold wind that blows violently; (S, K;) as also ↓ خَرُوقٌ: (K:) [it is an epithet; for] one says رِيحٌ خَرِيقٌ which is anomalous, as by rule one should say خَرِيقَةٌ: (S:) it is [also] one of the names for (tropical:) a cold wind that blows violently; (JK, T, TA;) as though it perforated, or rent; the agent [رِيحٌ] being unused: (T, TA:) and (as some say, TA) it signifies also (assumed tropical:) a gentle, soft, wind; thus bearing two contr. meanings: or that returns, and [then] continues its course: (K:) or, as in the L, does not continue its course: (TA:) or that blows long. (K.) خُرَّقٌ A certain bird, (JK, IDrd, K,) smaller than the قُنْبُر [or lark], (JK,) that cleaves to the ground: (IDrd:) or a kind of sparrow: (K:) so says AHát, in the “ Book of Birds: ” (TA:) pl. خَرَارِقُ. (JK, IDrd, K.) خِرِّيقٌ: see خِرْقٌ, in three places.

خَارِقٌ [act. part. n. of خَرَقَ]. b2: [And hence,] سَيْفٌ خَارِقٌ A sharp, or cutting, sword: pl. خُرُقٌ. (TA.) b3: [Hence also,] أَمْرٌ خَارِقٌ لِلْعَادَةِ (assumed tropical:) [An event breaking through, or infringing, the usual course of nature]. (KT, in a definition of مُعْجِزَةٌ, q. v.) b4: [In the present day, خَارِقٌ signifies also (assumed tropical:) Profound, or penetrating, in learning or science.]

أَخْرَقُ and [its fem.] خَرْقَآءُ have for their pl. خُرْقٌ. (K.) b2: The fem., applied to a ewe, signifies Having her ear perforated (S, Mgh, Msb, K) with a round hole. (S, Msb.) And, applied to an ear, Perforated, or bored. (TA.) b3: and the masc., applied to a camel, That puts his مَنْسِم [or toe] upon the ground before [the sole of] his خُفّ [or foot]: the doing of which is a result of generous quality. (JK, Ibn-'Abbád, K.) And the fem., applied to a she-camel, That does not retread (لَا تَتَعَاهَدُ), in the L لا تتعهّد,) [with her hind feet] the places of her [fore] feet (JK, L, K) upon the ground: mentioned by Ibn-'Abbád and Z. (TA.) b4: Applied to a man, (Mgh, Msb,) Rough, ungentle, clumsy, or awkward, (JK, S, Msb,) in doing, or making, a thing: (Msb:) unskilful in work [and in the management of affairs (see خَرِقَ]; as also ↓ خَرِقٌ and ↓ خَرُقٌ: (K:) or foolish; stupid; or unsound, or deficient, in intellect or understanding: (Mgh, K:) ignorant: (TA:) not knowing his work with his hand, or his handicraft: (Msb:) fem. as above. (JK, S, Mgh, Msb, &c.) It is said in a prov., (JK, S,) لَا تَعْدَمُ الخَرْقَآءُ عِلَّةً

[The stupid woman is not in want of an excuse]: (JK, S, K:) used in forbidding excuses: (K:) i. e., excuses are many: the stupid woman is skilled in making them: how then must be the clever? (S, K:) applied to every one who excuses himself being able. (K in art. عل.) b5: خَرْقَآءُ applied to a desert, and to a land: see خَرْقٌ, in three places. b6: And applied to a wind: see خَرِيقٌ. b7: Hence, رِحْلَةٌ خَرْقآءُ (assumed tropical:) A hard journey. (Har p. 177.) مَخْرَقٌ: see خَرْقٌ, in two places. b2: مَخْرَقُ حَوْضٍ

A stone that is at the عُقْر [or hinder part] of a watering-trough, for the purpose of their [standing upon it, and] drawing forth the water from it, [i. e. the trough,] when they will. (K.) مَخْرِقٌ, though unheard by us, is the sing. of مَخَارِقُ signifying The orifices of the body; such as the mouth and the nose and the ears and the anus and the like. (Mgh.) مُخْرَقٌ [pass. part. n. of 4; Confounded, &c.: and hence,] silent. (JK: but there written without the vowel of the ر.) غَيْرُ مُخْرِقٍ, applied to a road, means [That does not cause one to be confounded, or perplexed, and unable to see his right course; or] in which one is not confounded, or perplexed, so as to be unable to see his right course. (IAar in TA: but the latter word is there written without the vowel of the ر.) مِخْرَاقٌ A kerchief twisted for the purpose of beating therewith: (JK, S:) a genuine Arabic word: (S:) or a thing made of twisted rags, with which boys play: (TA:) or a twisted kerchief, or an inflated [skin such as is termed] زِقّ, or the like, with which boys play, beating one another therewith: so called because it rends (يَخْرِقُ) the air when they make use of it: (Ham p. 702:) pl. مَخَارِيقُ. (S, TA.) 'Amr Ibn-Kulthoom says, كَأَنَّ سُيُوفَنَا مِنَّا وَمِنْهُمْ مَخَارِيقٌ بِأَيْدِى لَا عِبِينَا [As though our swords, ours and theirs, were kerchiefs twisted for beating therewith, in the hands of players]: (S:) or مخاريق in this verse [written with tenween by poetic license] is the pl. of مِخْرَاقٌ signifying a wooden sword with which boys play: the poet means, we cared not for the smiting with the swords, like as the players care not for the smiting with the مخاريق. (EM p. 198.) [See also another ex., in a verse cited voce خَرِيجٌ.] 'Alee is related, in a trad., to have said that the lightning is the مَخَارِيق of the angels; (S, TA;) meaning thereby the instruments with which the angels chide and drive the clouds. (TA.) b2: Also A garment, or piece of cloth. (JK. [But this I find not elsewhere.]) b3: And (tropical:) A sword [in the ordinary sense of the word]: so in the A and O and L: in the K, السَّيِّدُ is erroneously put for السَّيْفُ. (TA.) b4: (assumed tropical:) A man goodly in body, or person, whether tall or not tall. (JK, K.) b5: (assumed tropical:) One who falls not into a case without escaping, or extricating himself, therefrom. (Sh, TA.) b6: (assumed tropical:) One who exercises art in the management of affairs. (K.) b7: (tropical:) A wild bull: (As, K:) so called because he traverses far-extending districts: (As, TA:) or because the dogs pursue him and he escapes from them: said in the A to be called مِخْرَاقُ المَفَازَةِ. (TA.) b8: (assumed tropical:) A man who engages in wars, or fights, and is active therein. (S, K.) b9: See also خِرْقٌ.

مَخْرُوقٌ (tropical:) One who is denied good, or prosperity; into whose hand wealth falls not. (K, TA.) And مَخْرُوقُ الكَفِّ (assumed tropical:) A man who gains not, or gets not, anything. (JK.) See also خِرْقٌ.

مُخْرَوْرِقٌ One who goes round about camels, [meaning who has them within the compass of his rule and care,] (JK, K, TA,) and urges them against their will, (TA,) and is active, and exercises art in his management [of them]: (JK, K, TA:) mentioned by Sgh on the authority of Ibn-'Abbád. (TA.) مُخْتَرَقٌ (assumed tropical:) A passage, or place of passing. (S. [See خَوْخَةٌ, in two places.]) b2: [Hence,] بَلَدٌ بَعِيدُ المُخْتَرَقِ (assumed tropical:) [A country, or district, wide to traverse; lit., far extending in respect of the place of passing]. (TA.) b3: مُخْتَرَقُ الرِّيَاحِ (assumed tropical:) A place in which the winds blow: (K:) and الرِّيحِ ↓ مُنْخَرَقُ (assumed tropical:) a place in which the wind blows [in any manner, or irregularly: see 7]. (S.) مُتَخَرِّقُ: see the last paragraph in this art.: and see also خَرِيقٌ: b2: and خِرْقٌ.

مُنْخَرَقٌ: see مُخْتَرَقٌ.

مُنْخَرِقٌ [Having a hole made in it, &c.: see its verb]. رَجُلٌ مُنْخَرِقُ السِّرْبَالِ A man having his clothing rent, or torn, (JK, K,) by long travel; as also السِّرْبَال ↓ مُتَخَرِّقُ. (K.) b2: Also (assumed tropical:) Quick, or swift. (Ham p. 42.)

صهر

1 صَهَرَ, (S, A, K,) aor. ـَ inf. n. صَهْرٌ, (K,) He melted, or liquefied, a thing, (S, A, K,) such as fat, (A, TA,) and the like; (TA;) as also ↓ اصطهر. (K.) The saying لَأَصْهَرَنَّكَ بِيَمِينٍ مُرَّةٍ app. means (assumed tropical:) I will assuredly melt thee [in the fire of Hell by making thee to swear a bitter oath]: (S:) or (tropical:) I will assuredly make thee to swear a hard oath. (A.) One says also, صَهَرْتُ فُلَانًا بِيَمِينٍ كَاذِبَةٍ تُوْجِبُ لَهُ النَّارَ (assumed tropical:) [I caused such a one to melt, by making him to swear a false oath that would procure for him, as a consequence thereof, the fire of Hell]. (AO.) b2: Also, inf. n. as above, He, or it, burned: he thoroughly cooked with fire. (TA.) b3: (tropical:) It (heat) affected him severely. (A.) and صَهَرَتْهُ الشَّمْسُ (tropical:) The sun affected him severely by its heat, (S, * A, K, * TA,) so that it pained his brain. (TA.) Ibn-Ahmar says, describing the young one of a قَطَاة, (S, O,) which was bearing water to it, (O,) تَرْوِى لَقًى أُلْقِىَ فِى صَفْصَفٍ ↓ تَصْهَرُهُ الشَّمْسُ فَمَا يَنْصَهِرْ i. e. [She bearing water to a castaway, cast upon a plain,] which the sun was melting, [or severely affecting,] and [which did not melt, meaning] which endured the sun's melting it. (S, * O. [In both of my copies of the S, and in the O and TA, the first word is تَرْوِى, as above; not تُرْوِى.]) And you say, صَهَرَ الحَرُّ الحِرْبَآءَ (tropical:) The heat made the chameleon's back to glisten. (TA.) b4: and صَهَرَ خُبْزَهُ He seasoned his bread with صُهَارَة, (Az, A, TA,) i. e. melted fat. (A, TA.) and صَهَرَ رَأْسَهُ He anointed his head with صُهَارَة. (A, K.) And صَهَرَ بَدَنَهُ He anointed his body with صَهِير [which is like صُهَارَة]. (L, TA.) A2: صَهَرَهُ also signifies (assumed tropical:) He brought, or drew, it (i. e. a thing, O) near, إِلَيْهِ [to him or it]; and so ↓ اصهرهُ. (O, TA.) 3 صَاهَرَهُمْ, (K,) inf. n. مُصَاهَرَةٌ; (TA;) and صاهر فِيهِمْ; and بِهِمْ ↓ اصهر, and إِلَيْهِمْ; He became that kind of relation to them termed صِهْر; (K;) and so أَصْهَرَهُمْ: (Mgh in art. ختن:) or صاهر إِلَيْهِمْ he took to himself a wife from among them; (S, A, Msb;) and so إِلَيْهِمْ ↓ اصهر: (A:) and ↓ اصهر بِهِمْ he connected himself with them, and became, or made himself, an object of inviolable respect, by a covenant of mutual protection, or by relationship, or consanguinity, or by marriage: (IAar, S:) or اصهر بهم he sought to bring himself near to them by the relationship termed صِهْر. (T, TA.) 4 أَصْهَرَ see 3, in three places. b2: One says also, صهر االجَيْشُ لِلْجَيْشِ (tropical:) The army drew near to the [other] army. (A, O, K.) A2: See also 1, last sentence.7 انصهر It (a thing, S, K, such as fat, and the like, TA) became melted, or liquefied. (S, K.) b2: See also 1.8 اصطهر: see 1.

A2: Also (tropical:) His (a chameleon's) back glistened by reason of the heat of the sun; (A, * K;) and so ↓ اصهارّ. (S, K.) b2: And He ate صُهَارَة. (O, K.) 11 إِصْهَاْرَّ see the next preceding paragraph.

صَهْرٌ Roasted, broiled, or fried; syn. مَشْوِىٌّ. (TA.) b2: And Hot; syn. حَارٌّ. (Kr, K.) صِهْرٌ Relationship; nearness with respect to kindred; syn. قَرَابَةٌ: (A, K:) and [affinity; or] the sacred, or inviolable, tie (حُرْمَة) of relationship consisting in being a father or brother or other kinsman of a man's wife: (Mgh, K:) and ↓ صُهُورَةٌ the sacred, or inviolable, tie (حُرْمَة) of relationship by marriage: (A:) Fr makes the former word of the fem. gender. (Sgh, TA.) b2: And A relation, or kinsman, or kinswoman, of a man's wife: (Kh, S, A, Msb:) and of a woman's husband: (A:) or the father or brother or other kinsman of a woman's husband; syn. حَمْءٌ [and حَمٌ &c. (see art. حمو)]: (Kh, As, ISk, Msb:) and the father or brother or other kinsman of a man's wife: (Kh, As, ISk, S, Msb, K:) so accord. to some of the Arabs: (Kh, As, S, Msb:) or none says otherwise, accord. to As, and IAar says the like: (Mgh:) or any relation of a man's wife or of a woman's husband whom it is unlawful to marry; as the father, and brother, and son, and paternal uncle, and maternal uncle: (Az, Msb:) or a man's relation by marriage: and a kinsman of a man's relation by marriage: (A:) or a man who has married among a people: (Lth, Mgh:) and the husband of a man's daughter: and the husband of a man's sister: (IAar, K:) Fr says that, in the Kur xxv. 56, it signifies, a relation whom it is lawful to marry; as the daughter of a paternal uncle, and of a maternal uncle, and the like: and نَسَب in the same, a relation whom it is unlawful to marry: Zj, that the former signifies a relation whom it is unlawful to marry: and the latter, such as is not a صِهْر, of those mentioned in the Kur [iv. 27], from the words “ your mothers are forbidden unto you ” to the words “ and your combining [as your wives] two sisters: ” I'Ab explains نسب and صهر in the former passage of the Kur differently from Fr [altogether], and differently in part from Zj; saying that the former applies to the seven relations first mentioned in iv. 27 in the Kur, and صهر to the remaining six there mentioned and that mentioned in the next preceding verse; [so that it includes a man's foster-mother, who has suckled him; his fostersister, who has been suckled with him; his wife's mother; his step-daughter under his guardianship, born of his wife unto whom he has gone in; his son's wife; his wife's sister combined with that wife; and his father's wife;] and this, says Az, is correct: (Mgh:) in the Kur xxv. 56, it means ذُو صِهْرٍ, whether male or female: (Jel:) or ذَوَاتُ صِهْرٍ: (Bd:) pl. أَصْهَارٌ (S, A, Msb, K, &c.) and صُهْرَآءُ; (K;) which latter is extr. (TA.) [صِهْرَةٌ, applied to a female, pl. ضِهَرَاتٌ, is app. postclassical.] b3: And (tropical:) A grave, or sepulchre: (ISd, K:) for they used to bury their daughters alive, and say, “We have married them to the grave: ”

then, in the time of El-Islám, this expression was used, and it was said, نِعْمَ الصِّهْرُ القَبْرُ [An excel-lent son-in-law is the grave]: or it means, correctly, that which supplies the place of the صهر. (ISd.) صِهْرِىٌّ i. q. صِهْرِيجٌ [q. v.]; (K;) a dial. var. of the latter word; signifying A thing like a حَوْض [or watering-trough, or tank]: (S:) accord. to Az, a construction of clay and stones, built between [and across] two narrow branches (مَأْزِمَانِ) of a small water-course (شُعْبَة) of a valley, so that the water is kept back thereby, and they drink from it a long time. (TA.) صَهُورٌ A melter of fat: and a roaster, broiler, or frier: pl. صُهْرٌ. (K.) صَهِيرٌ [i. q. ↓ مَصْهُورٌ as meaning] Melted, or liquefied. (S, K.) [And used also as a subst., in the sense of صُهَارَةٌ.] b2: Also Bread seasoned with صُهَارَة; and so ↓ مَصْهُورٌ. (A, O, TA.) صُهَارَةٌ What is melted (As, K, TA) of fat, (As, TA,) and the like: (TA:) or (TA, in the K “ and ”) any piece of fat, (K, TA,) whether small or large: (TA:) and (tropical:) marrow; syn. نِقْىٌ and مُخٌّ; (K, TA;) which mean the same. (TA.) One says, مَا بِالبَعِيرِ صُهَارَةٌ (tropical:) There is not in the camel any fatness (طِرْقٌ); (ISk, S;) or any marrow. (TA.) صُهُورَةٌ: see صِهْرٌ, first sentence.

صَاهُورٌ The sheath of the moon. (K. [See what is meant thereby voce سَاهُورٌ; of which it is a dial. var. in this sense, and app. in other senses also.]) صَيْهُورٌ A thing (A, O, K, TA) like a منْبَر [or pulpit], of clay, (K, TA,) or of wood, (TA,) for the household utensils of brass (A, O, K, TA) and the like, (O, K,) which are put thereon: (A, O:) but ISd says that it is not of established authority. (TA.) مَصْهُورٌ: see صَهِيرٌ, in two places.

عتب

1 عَتَبَ عَلَيْهِ, (S, Mgh, O, K, *) aor. ـِ (S, Mgh, O, K) and عَتُبَ, (S, O, K,) inf. n. عَتْبٌ (S, Mgh, O, K) and عَتَبَانٌ or عَتْبَانٌ or عِتْبَانٌ or عُتْبَانٌ (accord. to different copies of the K) and مَعْتَبٌ, (S, O, K,) with which ↓ مَعْتَبَةٌ and ↓ مَعْتِبَةٌ are syn., (K,) but these two are simple substs.; (S, O; [see, however, خَمُصَ;]) and عَلَيْهِ ↓ تعتّب; (S, O, TA;) He was angry with him, (S, Mgh, O, K, TA,) with the anger that proceeds from a friend. (S, * Mgh, * O, * K, * TA.) It is said in a trad., مَا لَهُ تَرِبَتْ ↓ كَانَ يَقُوُلُ لِأَحَدِنَا عَنِ المَعْتَبَةِ يَمِنيُهُ [He used to say of one of us, from a motive of friendly anger, What aileth him? May his right hand (meaning he himself) cleave to the dust: see تَرِبَ]. (TA.) b2: And [sometimes]

عَتَبَ عَلَيْهِ signifies [simply] He was angry with him. (Mgh, TA. *) A poet says, (S, O, TA,) namely, El-Ghatammash (O, TA) Ed-Dabbee, (TA,) أَخِلَّاىَ لَوْ غَيْرُ الحِمَامِ أَصَابَكُمْ عَتَبْتُ وَلٰكِنْ مَا عَلَى الدَّهْرش مَعْتَبُ (S, O, TA; but in the O, عَلَى المَوْتِ, and أَخِلَّآءِ as well as أَخِلَّاىَ, as in the Ham p. 406;) meaning [O my friends, had some other event than the decreed case of death befallen you,] I had been angry: [but there is no being angry with fortune:] i. e., had ye fallen in war, we had taken your blood-revenge: but one cannot revenge himself upon fortune. (TA.) b3: And عَتَبَ عَلَيْهِ, (Msb, K, * TA, *) aor. ـِ and عَتُبَ, inf. n. عَتْبٌ (Msb, K, TA) and عِتِّيبَى [an intensive form] (K, TA) and عِتْبَانٌ (Az, TA) and مَعْتَبٌ, (Msb,) signifies also He reproved, blamed, or censured, him; (K, TA;) and so ↓ عاتبهُ, (TA,) inf. n. مُعَاتَبَةٌ and عِتَابٌ: (K, TA:) or he reproved, blamed, or censured, him, in anger, or displeasure. (Msb.) A poet says, فَلَيْسَ وُدٌّ ↓ إِذَا ذَهَبَ العِتَابُ وَيَبْقَى الوُدَّ مَا بَقِىَ العِتَابُ [When reproof departs, there is no love: but love lasts as long as reproof lasts]. (S, * O, TA.) عَتْبٌ and عِتْبَانٌ signify Thy reproving a man for evil conduct that he has shown towards thee, and from which thou hast desired him to return to what will please thee, or make thee happy. (Az, TA. [See also the latter word below.]) A2: مَا عَتَبْتُ بَابَهُ means I did not tread, or have not trodden, upon the threshold (عَتَبَة) of his door; (A, K, TA;) and so ↓ مَا تَعَتَّبْتُهُ. (A, TA.) b2: And [hence,] عَتَبَ, aor. ـُ and عَتِبَ, inf. n. عَتَبَانٌ (S, O, K) and عَتْبٌ and تَعْتَابٌ, [this last an intensive form,] (K,) (tropical:) He (a stallion [camel], TA) limped, or halted: (K, TA:) or knocked his knees together, or had a distortion in a hind leg: or was hamstrung: (TA:) and he (a camel, S, O, or a stallion [camel], TA) walked upon three legs, (S, O, K, TA,) in consequence of his having been hamstrung, (K, TA,) or in consequence of his knees' knocking together, or of his having a distortion in a hind leg; as though he leaped: (TA:) and he (a man) leaped on one foot, or hopped, (S, O, K,) raising the other: (K:) in each of these cases, the beast or man is likened to one walking upon a series of steps, or the like, of stairs, (O, TA,) or of a mountain, or of rugged ground, (TA,) and leaping from one of these to another. (O, TA.) b3: And عَتَبَ البَرْقُ, aor. ـُ and عَتِبَ, inf. n. عَتَبَانٌ, (assumed tropical:) The lightning flashed in continued succession. (TA.) b4: and عَتَبَ مِنْ مَوْضِعٍ إِلَى مَوْضِعٍ, aor. ـِ [and app. عَتُبَ also], (assumed tropical:) He passed [from place to place], and مِنْ قَوْلٍ إِلَى قَوْلٍ [from saying to saying]. (O, TA.) b5: And عتب القَوْمُ فِى السَّيْرِ [i. e. عَتَبَ, though Freytag assigns this meaning to عَتَّبَ,] (assumed tropical:) The people, or party, turned aside in journeying, and alighted in a place not in the right, or intended, direction. (Ham p. 18. [See also 4 and 8.]) A3: See also أُعْتِبَ, said of a bone.2 تَعْتِيبٌ The making an عَتَبَة [meaning a threshold]. (K, TA.) تَعْتِيبُ البَابِ means The making a threshold (عَتَبَة) to the door. (TA.) b2: [And The making an عَتَبَة (meaning a step):] or so تَعْتِيبُ عَتَبَةٍ.] You say, عَتِّبْ لِى عَتَبَةً فِى

هٰذَا المَوْضِعِ [Make thou for me a step in this place] when you desire to ascend thereby to a place. (O, TA.) b3: And The drawing together the حُجْزَة [of the drawers, or trousers, i. e. the tuck, or doubled upper border, through which passes the waist-band], and folding it, in front: [app. meaning the turning up a portion, drawn together in front, inside the band, to prepare for some active employment:] (IAth, O, K, TA:) you say, عَتَّبَ سَرَاوِيلَهُ فَتَشَمَّرَ [He drew together the tuck of his drawers, or trousers, &c., and prepared himself for active employment]: (O and TA, from a trad.:) and the part so drawn together &c. is called the ثُبْنَة. (IAar, O.) A2: See also أُعْتِبَ, said of a bone.

A3: عتّب is also said of a man as meaning He was, or became, slow, tardy, dilatory, late, or backward: in which sense, its ب is thought by ISd to be a substitute for the م in عَتَّمَ. (TA.) 3 عاتبهُ, inf. n. مُعَاتَبَةٌ and عِتَابٌ, (S, O, Msb,) He reproved him, &c., as expl. above; see 1, in the middle of the paragraph; in two places: (TA:) or عِتَابٌ and مُعَاتَبَةٌ signify two persons' reproving, blaming, or censuring, each other; each of them reminding the other of his evil conduct to him: (Az, TA:) [or the expostulating, or remonstrating, of each with the other:] or, (Kh, T, S, O, Msb, K,) as also ↓ تَعَاتُبٌ, (Az, T, O, * K,) and ↓ تَعَتُّبٌ, (Az, K,) the conversing, or talking, together, as persons confiding in their reciprocal love, and therefore acting presumptuously, one towards another; and reminding one another of their anger, or friendly anger; (Kh, S, O, Msb, K;) or desiring to discuss, in a goodhumoured way, things by which they had been displeased, and which had occasioned them anger, or friendly anger: (Az, K, * TA:) the language meant is that of one friend to another. (TA.) b2: And مُعَاتَبَةٌ signifies also The act of disciplining, training, exercising, or making tractable: it is said in a trad., ↓ عَاتِبُوا الخَيْلَ فَإِنَّهَا تُعْتِبُ i. e. Train ye horses for war and for riding, for [they will turn from their evil habits, or] they will become trained, and will accept reproof. (TA.) b3: and you say, عاتب الأَدِيمَ, meaning (assumed tropical:) He put the hide again into the tan. (T in art. ادم.) [See an ex. in a prov. cited voce أَدِيمٌ.]4 اعتبهُ, (K, TA,) inf. n. إِعْتَابٌ, with which ↓ عُتْبَى [q. v.] is syn.; (TA;) and ↓ استعتبهُ; He granted him his good will, or favour; regarded him with good will, or favour; became well pleased, content, or satisfied, with him. (K, TA.) In the following verse of Sá'ideh Ibn-Jueiyeh, شَابَ الغُرَابُ وَلَا فُؤَادُكَ تَارِكٌ ذِكْرَ الغَضُوبِ وَلَا عِتَابُكَ يُعْتَبُ

[The raven may become hoary but thy heart will not relinquish the remembrance of Ghadoob, nor will the reproof of thee be met with good will], the last word is expl. by يُسْتَقْبَلُ بِعُتْبَى [meaning as rendered above, or be regarded with favour, or be met by a return to such conduct as will make thy reprover well pleased with thee]. (TA.) b2: [Or] He made him to be well pleased, content, or satisfied: (S, A, O:) and the former verb is used in a contr. sense [or ironically] in the following verse of Bishr Ibn-Abee-Kházim, غَضِبَتْ تَمِيمٌ أَنْ يُقَتَّلَ عَامِرٌ يَوْمَ النِّسَارِ فَأُعْتِبُوا بِالصَّيْلَمِ [Temeem were angry because 'Ámir was slaughtered on the day of En-Nisár; so they were made contented by the sword:] i. e., we contented them by slaughter: (S, * O, * TA: [see also the Ham p. 196:]) [but the meaning may be, so they were made to return from their anger by the sword: that أُعْتِبَ sometimes signifies He was made to return appears from an explanation, in the K, of a phrase in the Kur xli. 23: see 10:] and أَعْتَبَنِى and ↓ اِسْتَعْتَبَنِى signify also He returned to making me happy, or doing what was pleasing to me, from doing evil to me: (S, O:) or he left off doing that for which I was angry with him, and returned to that which made me to be well pleased with him: (TA:) or the former signifies he removed, or did away with, [my] complaint and reproof; the ا having a privative effect: (Msb:) and أَعْتَبَهُ مِنْ شَكْوَاهُ means He caused him to be pleased or contented [and so relieved him from his complaint]. (Har p. 337. [See also أَشْكَاهُ.]) b3: And [hence, app.,] أَعْتَبَنِى signifies He cancelled a bargain, or contract, with me. (TA.) A2: اعتب and ↓ استعتب also signify He returned from doing an evil action, a crime, a sin, a fault, or an offence: or the former signifies he returned from doing evil to do that which made him who reproved or blamed him, or who was angry with him, to be well pleased with him. (TA.) It is said in a prov., مَا مُسِىْءٌ مَنْ أَعْتَبَ [He is not an evildoer who returns from his evil conduct]. (TA.) b2: And اعتب (K) and ↓ اغتتب (S, K) likewise signify He turned away, or turned back, or reverted, from a thing: (S, O, K:) and the latter is also expl. as meaning he turned back from a thing, or an affair in which he was engaged, to another thing, or affair: (S, O, K:) so accord. to Fr, (S, O, TA,) from the phrase لَكَ العُتْبَى signifying as expl. below (voce عُتْبَى) on his authority. (TA.) See also 3.

A3: أُعْتِبَ said of a bone that has been set is like أُتْعِبَ [meaning It was caused to have a defect in it, so that there remained in it a constant swelling, or so that a lameness resulted: see عَتَبٌ]: and تَعْتَابٌ [of which the verb may be either ↓ عُتِبَ or ↓ عُتِّبَ] has the meaning of its inf. n., إِعْتَابٌ. (TA.) 5 تعتّب عَلَيْهِ: see 1, first sentence. b2: Also He accused him of a crime, an offence, or an injurious action, that he had not committed. (TA.) b3: And you say, لَا يُتَعَتَّبُ بِشَىْءٍ He is not to be reproved, blamed, or censured, with anything [i. e. with any reproof &c.]. (K, * TA.) and لَا يُتَعَتَّبُ عَلَيْهِ فِى شَىْءٍ [No reproof, blame, or censure, is to be cast upon him in respect of anything]. (ISk, O, TA.) b4: See also 3.

A2: تعتّب also signifies He kept to, or was constantly at, the عَتَبَة [or threshold] of the door. (A, TA.) b2: And you say, تَعَتَّبْتُ بَابَهَ: see 1, latter half.6 تَعَاْتَبَ see 3. One says, يَتَعَاتَبُونَ بِهَا ↓ بَيْنَهُمْ أُعْتُوبَةٌ [Between them is speech with which they reprove, blame, or censure, one another]. (S.) And إِذَا تَعَاتَبُوا أَصْلَحَ مَا بَيْنَهُمُ العِتَابُ [When they reprove one another in a friendly manner, the reproof rectifies, or sets right, what is amiss between them]. (S.) 8 إِعْتَتَبَ see 4, latter part: and see also مُعْتَتَبٌ. b2: اعتتب فِى طَرِيقِهِ He receded, or retreated, in his way, after proceeding therein for a while; as though in consequence of a difficulty (عَتَب) presenting itself. (TA.) b3: And اعتتب الطَّرِيقَ He quitted the even, or easy, part of the way, and took to the rugged part. (S, O, K.) b4: and اعتتب مِنَ الجَبَلِ He ascended the mountain. (S, O, K. [In the K is added, “and did not recoil from it: ” but this is a portion of the explanation of the verse here following.]) El-Hotei-ah says, إِذَا مَخَارِمُ أَحْنَآءٍ عَرَضْنَ لَهُ لَمْ يَنْبُ عَنْهَا وَخَافَ الجَوْرَ فَاعْتَتَبَا

i. e. [When prominences of bends of mountains present themselves to him,] he does not recoil from them, [but fears the turning aside,] and so ascends the mountain. (S, O.) b5: And اعتتب signifies also He pursued a right, or direct, course, syn. قَصَدَ, (S, IAth, O, K, [perhaps thus expl. in relation to the verse cited above,]) فِى الأَمْرِ [in the affair]. (K.) 10 استعتبهُ He asked him, petitioned him, or solicited him, to grant him his good will, or favour; to regard him with good will, or favour; to become well pleased, content, or satisfied, with him; (S, O, K;) or he desired, or sought, of him that he should return to making him happy, or to doing what was pleasing to him, from doing evil to him. (S.) And استعتب, alone, He asked, solicited, sought, or desired, good will, or favour; or to be regarded with good will, or favour. (S, Msb.) وَلَا هُمْ يُسْتَعْتَبُونَ, in the Kur xvi. 86, and xxx. 57, and xlv. 34. means Nor shall they be asked to return to what will please God. (Jel.) And وَإِنْ يَسْتَعْتِبُوا فَمَا هُمْ مِنَ الْمُعْتَبِينَ, in the Kur xli. 23, means And if they solicit God's favour, they shall not be regarded with favour: (Jel:) or if they petition their Lord to cancel their compact, [or to restore them to the world, He will not do so; i. e.] He will not restore them to the world; (O, K, TA;) knowing that, if they were restored, they would return to that which they have been forbidden to do: this is the meaning if we read the verb in the active form: otherwise, (O, TA,) reading يُسْتَعْتَبُوا [and مُعْتِبِينَ], as 'Obeyd Ibn-'Omeyr did, (O,) the meaning is, If God cancelled their compact, and restored them to the world, they would not [return from their evil ways, and] act obediently to God: (O, TA:) [for] b2: اِسْتَعْتَبْتُهُ also signifies I asked him, or desired him, to cancel a bargain, or compact, with me. (TA.) A2: See also 4, in three places.

عَتْبٌ: see عِتْبَانٌ, in four places.

عِتْبٌ One who reproves, blames, or censures, (O, K, TA,) his companion, or his friend, (O, TA,) much, or frequently, (O, K, TA,) in respect of everything, (O, TA,) from a motive of solicitous affection for him, and to give him good advice. (TA.) [See also عَتَّابٌ.]

عَتَبٌ: see عَتَبَةٌ, in five places. b2: Also The دَسْتَانَات [or frets] (O, TA) that are bound upon the عَمُود [meaning neck] (O) of a lute: (O, TA:) [app. as likened to a series of steps:] or the transverse pieces of wood upon the face of a lute, [i. e., app., upon the face of the neck,] from which the chords are extended to the extremity of the lute: (O, K, TA:) or, accord. to IAar, the thing [app. the small ridge at the angle of the neck] upon which are [or lie] the extremities of the chords, in the fore part, of the lute. (TA.) [See an engraving and a description of a lute in my work on the Modern Egyptians.] b3: And The places of ascent of mountains, and of rugged and hard pieces of ground. (TA.) b4: And Ruggedness of ground. (O, K.) b5: And The space between two mountains. (TA.) b6: And The space between the fore finger and middle finger [when they are extended apart]: (Msb in art. شبر, and K:) or the space between the middle finger and third finger: (S, O, K:) or the [space that is measured by] placing the four fingers close together. (Msb ubi suprà.) [See also بُصْمٌ, and رَتَبٌ.] b7: Also A bending at the ضَرِيبَة [or part with which one strikes], and a bluntness, of a sword. (TA.) One says, مَا فِى طَاعَةِ فُلَانٍ عَتَبٌ (assumed tropical:) There is not in the obedience of such a one any bending nor a recoiling. (TA.) b8: And A defect in a bone, when it has not been well set, after a fracture, and there remains a constant swelling in it, or a lameness. (TA.) b9: And An unsoundness (O, K, TA) in an animal's leg, (O, TA,) and (assumed tropical:) in an affair. (TA.) One says, مَا فِى مَوَدَّتِهِ عَتَبٌ (assumed tropical:) There is not in his love, or affection, anything mingling with it that vitiates it, impairs it, or renders it unsound. (TA.) عَتَبَةٌ The أُسْكُفَّة [meaning threshold] of a door, (S, A, Mgh, O, Msb, K,) upon which one treads: (TA:) or the upper of the two [transverse pieces of wood, of a door-way, whereof each is called أُسْكُفَّة; i. e. the lintel]: (K:) [for it is said that] the upper [piece of wood] in a door-way is the عَتَبَة; and the piece of wood that is above this is the حَاجِب; (Az, TA in this art. and in art. حجب;) and the أُسْكُفَّة is the lowest [or threshold]; and the عَارِضَتَانِ are the عِضَادَتَانِ [or two side-posts]: (TA:) the pl. is ↓ عَتَبٌ [improperly termed a pl., for it is a coll. gen. n.,] (S, O, K) and عَتَبَاتٌ. (TA.) [It is mostly used in the former of the two senses expl. above.] b2: And [hence,] (tropical:) A wife is thus termed, (O, K,) metonymically, in like manner as she is termed نَعْلٌ, &c. (O.) b3: And A step; a single step of a series: (S, O, Msb:) or a single step of a series made of wood: (TA:) pl. ↓ عَتَبٌ [improperly termed a pl., as observed above,] (S, O, Msb) and عَتَبَاتٌ. (S, O.) b4: العَتَبَتَانِ (assumed tropical:) [The two thresholds or lintels or steps] termed الخَارِجَةُ [or the outer] and الدَّاخِلَةُ [or the inner] are two wellknown figures of [the science of] الرَّمْل [i. e. geomancy]. (TA.) b5: عَتَبَةُ وَادٍ The extreme side of a valley, that is next the mountain: (O, TA:) or, as some say, العتبة [i. e. العَتَبَةُ, supposed by Freytag to be العُتْبَةُ,] signifies the place of bending of the valley. (Ham p. 18.) b6: And عَتَبَةٌ signifies also A hardship, or difficulty; and a hateful, or disagreeable, thing, or affair, or case, or event; and so ↓ عَتَبٌ. (K.) One says, حُمِلَ فُلَانٌ عَلَى

عَتَبَةٍ Such a one was incited, urged, induced, or made, to do, or to suffer, a disagreeable, or hateful, thing, of a trying, or an afflictive, kind. (S, O.) And مِنَ الشَّرِّ ↓ حُمِلَ عَلَى عَتَبٍ, and عَتَبَةٍ, He was incited, &c., to do, or to suffer, a hardship, or difficulty. (TA.) And مَا فِى هٰذَا الأَمْرِ وَلَا رَتَبٌ ↓ عَتَبٌ There is not in this thing, or affair, or case, any hardship, or difficulty. (S, O.) And عَتَبَاتُ المَوْتِ means The severities [or pains or agonies] of death. (TA, from a trad.) عُتْبَى The being well pleased, content, or satis-fied, [with a person,] or the regarding with good will, or favour: (M, A, K:) or good pleasure, content, satisfaction, good will, or favour: (MA, K, KL:) its primary signification is the returning of one whose good will, or favour, has been solicited, or desired, to the love of his companion: (TA:) it is the subst. from أَعْتَبَنِى as meaning “ he returned to making me happy,” &c.; (S; see 4;) a subst. from الإِعْتَابُ; (Msb;) [i. e.] it is put in the place of اعتاب; and [thus] it signifies [the returning to making one happy, or doing what is pleasing to him, from doing evil to him: or] the returning, from doing evil, to that which makes the person who has reproved, or blamed, or been angry, to be well pleased, content, or satisfied: and [simply] the returning from doing a crime, a misdeed, an offence, or an evil action. (TA.) One says, أَعْطَانِى العُتْبَى He granted me his good will, or favour. (A.) And إِنَّمَا يُعَاتَبُ مَنْ تُرْجَى عِنْدَهُ العُتْبَى Only he should be reproved in whom the [finding a disposition to a] return from his evil conduct may be hoped for. (TA.) And العُتْبَى is [said to be] used when one does not mean thereby الإِعْتَاب, (S, O, TA,) i. e. in the contr. of its primary sense, (TA,) in the prov. لَكَ العُتْبَى

بِأَنْ لَا رَضِيتَ i. e. [بِلَا رِضَاكَ, as though meaning Thou shalt have content, or satisfaction, without thy being well pleased; or] I will content thee with the contrary of what thou likest: and in like manner the corresponding verb is [said to be] used in the verse of Bishr Ibn-Abee-Kházim cited above in the explanations of that verb: (S, O, TA:) [but the prov. here mentioned may be well rendered thou shalt return from thine evil way against thy wish; for,] accord. to Fr, العُتْبَى

in the phrase لَكَ لعُتْبَى signifies the returning, from what one like, to what he dislikes: (MF:) and it signifies also [as expl. above] the returning from doing a crime, a misdeed, &c. (TA.) عِتْبَانٌ and ↓ عَتْبٌ and ↓ عِتَابٌ [all mentioned before as inf. ns.] are said to be syn. with

إِعْتَابٌ: [see 4, and عُتْبَى:] it is asserted that you say, مَا وَجَدْتُ فِى قَوْلِهِ عِتْبَانًا [meaning I did not find in what he said any evidence of a return to be favourable, or to do what would be pleasing to me], when a man has mentioned his having granted you his good will, or favour, and you see not any proof thereof: and some say, مَا وَجَدْتُ

↓ وَلَا عِتَابًا ↓ عِنْدَهُ عَتْبًا [in the like sense]: but Az says, I have not heard ↓ عَتْبٌ nor عِتْبَانٌ nor

↓ عِتَابٌ in the sense of إِعْتَابٌ; but ↓ عَتْبٌ and عِتْبَانٌ signify thy reproving a man for evil conduct, &c., as stated above; [see 1;] and ↓ عِتَابٌ and مُعَاتَبَةٌ, mutual reproving for such conduct. (TA.) A2: العِتْبَانُ The male hyena: (Kr, TA:) and أُمُّ عِتْبَانَ and ↓ أُمُّ عَتَّابِ [the latter of the measure كَتَّان, accord. to the CK and my MS. copy of the K, but in the TA of the measure كتاب, and therefore ↓ عِتَابٍ,] the female hyena: (K:) said to be so called because of her limping: but ISd says, I am not sure of this. (TA.) عِتَابٌ: see the next preceding paragraph, in five places.

عَتُوبٌ One upon whom reproof, blame, or censure, does not operate. (O, K.) A2: And A road, or way. (TA, as from the K [in which I do not find it].) قَرْيَةٌ عَتِيبَةٌ [A town, or village,] in which is little of good, or of good things. (O, K.) عَتَّابٌ One who reproves, blames, or censures, much, or frequently, [in an absolute sense, (see 1,) or] in anger, or displeasure. (Msb.) [See also عِتْبٌ.]

A2: أُمُّ عَتَّابٍ: see عِتْبَانٌ.

أُعْتُوبَةٌ [like أُسْبُوبَةٌ &c.] A thing [meaning speech] with which one is reproved, blamed, or censured. (O, K.) See 6.

مَعْتَبَةٌ and مَعْتِبَةٌ: see 1, in three places.

مَعْتُوبٌ is for مَعْتُوبٌ عَلَيْهِ [i. e. Reproved, blamed, or censured; &c.]: Mtr says, it is said to signify مُفْسِدٌ [corrupting, rendering unsound, vitiating, &c.]; but I am not sure of it. (Har p. 77.) مُعْتَتَبٌ [is used, agreeably with analogy, in the sense of the inf. n. of اِعْتَتَبَ]. El-Kumeyt says, الشَّوْقُ مِنْ فُؤَادِى وَالش ↓ فاعْتَتَبَ شِعْرُ إِلَى مَنْ إِلَيْهِ مُعْتَتَبُ [And desire turned away from my heart, and my poetry unto him unto whom was its turning]. (S, O.) مُسْتَعْتَبٌ is used in the sense of [the inf. n. of اِسْتَعْتَبَ, meaning] اِسْتِرْضَاءٌ: thus in the saying, وَلَا بَعْدَ المَوْتِ مِنْ مُسْتَعْتَبٍ [And after death there is no asking, petitioning, or soliciting, favour of God]: for after death is the abode of retribution, not that of works. (TA from a trad.)

عقد

1 عَقَدَ الحَبْلَ, (S, Mgh, L, Msb, K, &c.,) aor. ـِ (L, Msb, K,) inf. n. عَقْدٌ (Mgh, L, Msb) and تَعْقَادٌ [of which see an ex. in a verse cited voce رَتَمٌ, and which is properly an intensive or a frequentative form]; and ↓ عقّدهُ [which is also intensive or frequentative, inf. n. تَعْقِيدٌ]; and ↓ اعتقدهُ; (L;) He tied the cord, or rope; knit it; complicated it so as to form a knot or knots; tied it in a knot or knots; tied it firmly, fast, or strongly; contr. of حَلَّهُ; (L;) syn. شَدَّهُ: (K:) the etymologists assert that the primary signification of عَقْدٌ is the contr. of حَلٌّ: that it was afterwards used in relation to sales, or bargains, contracts, &c.: and then, in relation to a firm determination of the mind. (MF.) [عَقَدَ لَهُ لِوَآءً He tied for him a banner, to a spear, is said of a man on appointing him to a command.] and one says, عَقَدَ حَبْلَهُ meaning (assumed tropical:) He exerted and prepared himself for action &c.: and لَا يَعْقِدُ الحَبْلَ (assumed tropical:) He is incompetent, or lacks power or ability, to do a thing, by reason of his abject state. (L.) b2: عَقَدَ البَيْعَ, and العَهْدَ, (S, L, Msb, * K, &c.,) and اليَمِينَ, (L, Msb,) aor. as above, (L, K,) inf. n. عَقْدٌ; (L;) and العَهْدَ ↓ عقّد, (L,) and اليَمِينَ, (L, Msb,) which latter form of the verb has a more energetic signification; (Msb;) He concluded, settled, confirmed, or ratified, the sale, or bargain, and the contract, compact, covenant, agreement, or league, (L, Msb, K,) and the oath. (L, Msb.) In the phrase وَالَّذِينَ عَقَدَتْ

أَيْمَانُكُمْ, or ↓ عَقَّدَتْ, or ↓ عَاقَدَتْ, accord. to different readings, in the Kur [iv. 37], by the verb is meant ratification; and by ايمانكم, your oaths, or your right hands: (L:) [i. e., accord. to the first and second readings, the meaning is, and those whose contracts, or the like, (عُهُودَهُمْ being understood,) your oaths, or your right hands, have ratified: and accord. to the third reading, and those with whom (هُمْ being understood) your oaths, or your right hands have ratified a contract, or the like.] One says also, عَقَدَ عَلَيْهِمْ عُقُودًا He imposed upon them obligations. (L.) And عَقَدَ الجِزْيَةَ فِى عُنُقِهِ He imposed upon himself the obligation to pay the [tax called] جزية. (L, from a trad.) And عَقَدْتُ عَلَيْهِ فِى كَذَا, and فى كذا ↓ عَاقَدْتُهُ, I obliged him to do such a thing, by taking, or exacting, from him an engagement, or a security. (L.) عَقَدَ قَلْبَهُ عَلَى الشَّىْءِ [He settled, or determined, his heart, or mind, firmly upon the thing; (see the first sentence of this art.; and see also عَزَمَ;)] he held, adhered, or clave, to the thing [with his heart, or mind; he knit his heart to it]. (L.) See also 8. b3: عَقَدَتْ بِذَنَبِهَا, said of a she-camel, (S, O, L,) She twisted her tail, as though tying it in a knot: (L:) this she does to make it known that she has conceived. (S, O, L.) b4: عَقَدَ لِحْيَتَهُ He dressed his beard so as to make it knotted, and crisp, or curly: this they used to do in wars, and their doing so was forbidden by the Prophet: (O, L:) they did it from a motive of pride and self-conceit. (L.) b5: عَقَدَ نَاصِيَتَهُ [lit. He knotted his forelock] means (assumed tropical:) he was angry, and prepared himself to do evil, or mischief. (A, O, L.) [See 2.] b6: عَقَدَ عُنُقَهُ

إِلَيْهِ (assumed tropical:) He had recourse, betook himself, or repaired, to him, for refuge, or protection; (O, L, K; *) heard by Is-hák Ibn-Faraj from an Arab of the desert: (L:) and so عَكَدَهَا. (O.) b7: عَقَدَ, (K,) or عَقَدَ بِأَصَابِعِهِ, (O,) or عَقَدَ الحِسَابَ, (MA,) aor. ـِ (O, TA,) inf. n. عَقْدٌ, (TA,) He numbered, counted, or reckoned, (M, A, O, K,) with his fingers [by bending their tips down upon the palm, one after another, commencing with the little finger, and then by extending them in like manner]. (MA, O.) b8: عَقَدَ فَمُ الفَرْجِ عَلَى المَآءِ [The mouth of the vulva closed upon the sperma of the male]. (O.) b9: عُقِدَتِ السِّبَاعُ (assumed tropical:) The beasts, or birds, of prey were restrained from injuring the cattle, and the like, by means of charms and talismans. (L, from a trad.) b10: عَقَدَ التَّاجَ فَوْقَ رَأْسِهِ, and ↓ اعتقدهُ, He put the crown upon his head. (L.) b11: عَقَدَ البِنَآءَ, (A, L,) [aor. ـِ inf. n. عَقْدٌ; (L;) and ↓ عقّدهُ, (A, O, L, K,) inf. n. تَعْقِيدٌ; (L;) He arched [or vaulted] the building, or structure. (A, O, L, K.) b12: And عَقَدَ البِنَآءَ بِالجِصِّ, aor. ـِ inf. n. عَقْدٌ, He cemented the building, or structure, with gypsum. (L.) b13: عَقَدَ ثَمَرَهُ, said of a plant, (M in art. ثمر,) or ↓ عقّدهُ, (K in that art., [in the CK عقّد ثَمَرُهُ,]) and عَقَدَ alone, (A, O, K, in art. حبل, [see 4 in that art. and also in art. علف,]) [It organized and compacted, or compactly organized, its fruit; and in like manner each verb is said of a fruit in relation to a fruit-stone, such as that of a date, and of a peach, &c.]. b14: لَا تَعْقِدُ عَلَيْهِ السَّائِمَةُ شَحْمًا وَلَا لَحْمًا [The pasturing cattle will not make upon it fat nor flesh], said of a pasturage. (O in art. ضرع.) b15: عَقَدَ الشَّحْمُ The fat became formed and compacted, and became apparent. (L.) b16: عَقَدَ, (S, M, A, L, [in the O عَقِدَ, which is app. a mistranscription,]) aor. ـِ (M, L,) inf. n. عُقُودٌ; (A;) and ↓ تعقّد; (Ks, S, O, L, K;) and ↓ انعقد; (M, A, L;) said of rob, (Ks, S, O, M, A,) and of tar, (Ks, S, O,) and of honey, (M, A, O,) and of expressed juice of fresh ripe dates, (K,) and the like, (Ks, S, M, O,) [generally meaning when boiled,] It thickened; became thick, or inspissated. (Ks, S, M, A, O, L, K.) b17: [Hence, app.,] عَقَدَ بَطْنُهُ [His belly became constipated]. (M voce صَرَبَ, q. v.) A2: عَقِدَت, said of a bitch, (TK,) [aor. ـَ inf. n. عَقَدٌ, (O, L, K,) Her vulva clung fast to the head of the قَضِيب of the dog. (O, L, K, TK.) b2: عَقِدَ, said of the tongue, (S, O, K, *) aor. ـَ (S, [in the O عَقِدَ, an evident mistake,]) inf. n. عَقَدٌ, (S, O,) It had in it an impediment. (S, * O, * L, K. *) And, said of a man, He had an impediment in his tongue; was unable to speak freely; was tongue-tied. (TA.) b3: Also, said of sand, It became moistened in consequence of much rain [so as to cohere]. (L.) 2 عَقَّدَ see 1, first sentence. [Hence,] عَقَّدُوا النَّوَاصِىَ [They tied the forelocks of their horses in knots] on an occasion of war, or battle; it being customary on such an occasion to do thus to the hair of the mane and that of the tail. (W p. 140.) b2: See again 1, former half,. in two places: b3: and latter half also in two places. b4: See also 4. b5: عقّد كَلَامَهُ He rendered his speech, or language, obscure. (A, L.) And فِى كَلَامِهِ تَعْقِيدٌ In his speech, or language, is obscurity. (A.) 3 عَاقَدْتُهُ عَلَى كَذَا, (Msb,) inf. n. مُعَاقَدَةٌ, (S, O, L,) I united with him in a contract, a compact, a covenant, an agreement, a league, a treaty, or an engagement, or I covenanted with him, respecting, or to do, such a thing. (S, * O, * L, * Msb.) b2: See also 1, former half, in two places.4 اعقدهُ; (Ks, S, M, A, O, K;) and ↓ عقّدهُ, (S, O, L, K,) inf. n. تَعْقِيدٌ; (S, O, K;) but the former is the more approved, (L,) He thickened it; caused it to become thick, or inspissated; (Ks, S, M, A, O, K;) by boiling it; (O, K;) namely, rob, (Ks, S, O, M, L,) and tar, (Ks, S, O,) and honey, (M, A, O,) and the like. (Ks, S, M, O.) 5 تعقّد: see 7, first sentence. b2: See also 8, last quarter. b3: تَعَقَّدَتْ قَوْسُ قُزَحَ The rainbow became like a constructed arch (O, L, K) in the sky. (O, L.) And in like manner تعقّد is said of a collection of clouds (سَحَاب). (A, L.) b4: تَعَقُّدٌ in a well is The projecting of the lower part of the interior casing of stone, and the receding of the upper part thereof as far as the اِتِّسَاع of the well, (O, L, K,) which is its جِرَاب [app. here meaning the main portion of the well, from the water, or a little above this, to the mouth; this portion, it seems, being without casing]: (O, L:) thus expl. by El-Ahmar. (O.) b5: تعقّد said of sand, [as also ↓ انعقد, (S and O and K voce سَلَاسِلُ,)] It became accumulated, or congested. (S, K. *) And the former said of moist earth, It became contracted, and compacted in lumps. (L.) b6: And تعقّدت القَرْحَةُ [The wound, or ulcer, formed itself into a knot, or lump]. (K in art. جرذ: see 1 in that art.) b7: تعقّد said of rob, and of tar, and the like: see 1, last quarter.6 تعاقدوا They united in a contract, a compact, a covenant, an agreement, a league, a treaty, or an engagement, (S, O, K,) فِيمَا بَيْنَهُمْ [respecting the matter between them]. (S, O.) b2: تعاقدت الكِلَابُ The dogs stuck fast together in coupling. (S, O, K.) 7 انعقد, said of a cord, or rope, (S, O, L, Msb,) as also ↓ تعقّد, (S, * O, * L,) [but the latter has an intensive or a frequentative signification,] It became tied, knit, complicated so as to form a knot or knots, tied in a knot or knots, tied firmly or fast or strongly. (L.) b2: And the former, said of a sale or bargain, and of a contract or compact or the like, (S, O, L,) It was, or became, concluded, settled, confirmed, or ratified. (L.) One says, انعقد النِّكَاحُ بَيْنَ الزَّوْجَيْنِ The marriage was, or became, concluded, settled, &c., between the husband and wife. (L.) b3: Said of an animal's tail, It became twisted [as though tied in a knot]. (L.) b4: And said of hair, It became knotted, and crisp, or curly. (L.) b5: Said of the date [and other fruit, It became organized and compact, or compactly organized]. (K in art. بسر, &c.) See also 8, latter half. b6: Said of sand: see 5. b7: And said of rob, and of tar, and the like: see 1, last quarter.8 اعتقدهُ: see 1, first sentence: b2: and see also 1 in the latter half. b3: اعتقد كَذَا, (Msb,) or اعتقد كَذَا بِقَلْبِهِ, (S, O,) He settled, or determined, his heart, or mind, firmly upon such a thing; or he held, adhered, or clave, to such a thing with the heart, or mind; i. q. عَلَيْهِ ↓ عَقَدَ القَلْبَ وَالضَّمِيرَ; (Msb;) [he believed, or believed firmly, or was firmly persuaded of, such a thing: this is its most usual meaning;] he was, or became, certain, or sure, of such a thing. (PS.) [It is mostly used in relation to matters of religion, to religious dogmas and the like.] See also عَقِيدَةٌ. b4: اعتقد also signifies He acquired, (S, Mgh, O, L, K,) or bought, (A,) an estate consisting of land, or of land and a house, &c., (S, A, O, L, K,) or other property: (S, A, Mgh, O, L, K:) he collected property. (Mgh, * Msb.) Also, [without any objective complement expressed,] He bought what is termed عُقْدَة, i. e. an estate, or a property, consisting in land or houses. (L.) b5: And اعتقد أَخًا فِى اللّٰهِ He adopted a brother in God. (A.) b6: اعتقد الدُّرَّ, and الخَرَزَ, He made the pearls, and the beads, into a necklace; and in like manner, other things. (L.) A2: اعتقد said of a date-stone, (A,) or other thing, (S, O, L,) [as also ↓ انعقد, which frequently occurs in the lexicons &c. in the sense here following,] It became hard. (S, A, O, L.) b2: and hence, [so in the A,] اعتقد بَيْنَهُمَا الإِخَآءُ Fraternity became true, or sincere, and firmly established, between them two: (A:) and [in like manner]

↓ تعقّد it (i. e. fraternity) became firmly established. (L.) b3: And accord. to Ibn-Buzurj, اعتقد signifies He (a man) closed, or locked, a door upon himself, when in want, that he might die: (O:) thus Sh found in the Book of Ibn-Buzurj, i. e. اعتقد, with ق: (TA in art. عفد:) but others say that it is اعتفد, with ف: (O:) [or] اعتقد and اعتفد signify the same. (K.) 10 استعقدت She (a sow) desired the male. (O, K.) عَقْدٌ [as an inf. n.: see 1. b2: See also أُخْذَةٌ, which is syn. with the inf. n. تَأْخِيذٌ. b3: As a simple subst.,] see عُقْدَةٌ, third sentence. b4: Also A contract, a compact, a covenant, an agreement, a league, a treaty, or an engagement: (Mgh, O, L, K:) pl. عُقُودٌ. (O, L.) Agreeably with this explanation, the pl. is used in the Kur v. 1, as meaning Contracts, &c.: or it there means the obligatory statutes, or ordinances, of God: or, accord. to Zj, the covenants imposed by God, and those imposed mutually by men agreeably with the requirements of religion. (L.) And ↓ مَعَاقِدُ is used in the sense of عُقُودٌ: thus one says, بَيْنَهُمْ مَعَاقِدُ [Between them are contracts, compacts, &c.]. (A.) b5: Also Responsibility, accountableness, or suretiship; syn. ضَمَانٌ. (Ibn-'Arafeh, O, K.) b6: See also مَعْقُودٌ. b7: Also An arch; [and a vault;] a structure that is curved in like manner as are [in many instances] doorways: (A, * O, L, * K:) pl. عُقُودٌ (A, O, L, K) and أَعْقَادٌ [a pl. of pauc.]. (L.) [Hence,] أَعْقَادُ السَّحَابِ The arches of the clouds: sing. عَقْدٌ. (L.) b8: Applied to a he-camel, it means Having the back firmly compacted: (S, O, K:) and so القَرَا ↓ مَعْقُودَةُ applied to a she-camel. (S, A, O.) b9: [And A decimal number; of those numbers of which the first is ten and the last is ninety: (I have not found any satisfactory authority for the orthography of the word in this sense; and have therefore followed the general usage, in mentioning it as عَقْدٌ: in the MA, it is written عِقْدٌ, as from only one MS.; and Freytag has mentioned its pl. under عِقْدٌ; which I hold to be wrong:) the pl. is عُقُودٌ: thus in the A and K in art. عشر, it is said that العَشَرَةُ is the first of the عُقُود.]

عِقْدٌ A necklace; (S, O, Msb, K;) a string upon which beads are strung: (L, TA:) pl. عُقُودٌ: (O, L, Msb, K:) and ↓ مِعْقَادٌ signifies a string upon which beads are strung and which is hung upon the neck of a boy; (O, L, K;) as does عِقْدٌ also: (TA:) and ↓ عُقْدَةٌ, likewise, signifies a kind of necklace. (L.) عَقَدٌ [as an inf. n.: see 1, last four sentences. b2: Also] A twisting in the tail of a sheep or goat, as though it were knotted, or tied in a knot. (L.) And A twisting, or a knottiness, in the horn of a hegoat. (L.) b3: And A canker, corrosion, rottenness, or blackness, (syn. قَادِحٌ,) in teeth. (L.) b4: See also the next paragraph.

A2: And see عَقَدَانٌ.

عَقِدٌ: see أَعْقَدُ. b2: Also, applied to moist earth (ثَرًى), Contracted, and compacted in lumps: [said to be] in this sense a possessive epithet [as distinguished from a part. n.: but see 1, last sentence]. (L.) b3: And [as an epithet in which the quality of a subst. predominates, i. e. used as a subst.,] Sand accumulated, or congested; as also ↓ عَقَدٌ; (S, O, L, K;) the latter accord. to AA: (S, O:) n. un. of each with ة: (S, O, L, K:) pl. أَعْقَادٌ. (L.) See also عَقِصٌ, in two places. b4: رَوْضَةٌ عَقِدَةٌ A meadow of which the herbage is continuous, or uninterrupted. (O.) b5: عَقِدٌ applied to a camel, Short, and patient in endurance of labour: (IAar, O, K:) or, so applied, strong. (TA.) A2: And A kind of tree, the leaves of which consolidate wounds. (K.) عُقْدَةٌ A knot; a tie; (L, Msb;) pl. عُقَدٌ. (L.) [Hence النَّفَّاثَاتُ فِى العُقَدِ: see art. نفث. and العُقْدَةُ meaning (assumed tropical:) The star a Piscium; as being in the place of the knot of the two strings: the same, app., that is called الخَيْطَيْنِ ↓ عَقْدُ, mentioned by Freytag under عِقْدٌ. Hence also] one says, تحلّلت عُقَدُهُ [lit. His knots became loosed, or untied], meaning (assumed tropical:) his anger became appeased. (S, A, O, K.) And فِى عُقْدَتِهِ ضَعْفٌ (assumed tropical:) In his judgment and his consideration of his own affairs is a weakness. (TA.) And حَصِيفُ العُقْدَةِ, occurring in a letter of 'Omar, means (assumed tropical:) [Firm] in judgment, and in the management, conducting, ordering, or regulating, of affairs. (TA in art. حصف.) And فِى لِسَانِهِ عُقْدَةٌ (S, O, L, K *) (assumed tropical:) In his tongue is an impediment [as though it were tied], or a distortion. (L. [See عَقِدَ.]) b2: The knot, tie, or bond, (L,) or the obligation, (O, K,) of marriage, (O, L, K,) and of anything, (O, K,) as a sale and the like: (TA:) and the ratification (O, L, Msb) of marriage (O, Msb) &c., (Msb,) or of anything. (L.) It is said in a trad. relating to prayer, لَكَ مِنْ قُلُوبِنَا عُقْدَةُ النَّدَمِ, meaning [We offer to Thee, from our hearts,] the ratification of the resolution to repent. (L.) b3: A promise of obedience, or vow of allegiance, ratified to persons in acknowlegment of their being prefects, or governors: (O, L, K, * TA:) from عُقْدَةُ الحَبْلِ [the knot, or tie, of the cord or rope]: (O:) thus in the saying, in a trad. of Ubeí, هَلَكَ أَهْلُ العُقْدَةِ [Those who have received the promise of obedience &c. have perished; virtually meaning the same as the saying in the sentence here following]. (L.) And [hence also] The prefecture over, or government of, a town, country, province, or the like: pl. عُقَدٌ: (L, K, TA:) thus in the saying of 'Omar, هَلَكَ أَهْلُ العُقَدِ [The possessors of the prefectures &c. have perished]. (L.) b4: Also A place where a knot, or node, is formed: and [particularly] an uneven juncture (عَثْمٌ) [of a bone] in the arm: (S, O, K:) thus in the saying, جُبِرَتْ يَدُهُ عَلَى عُقْدَةٍ [His arm was set and joined unevenly, so that a node, or protuberance, was produced in the bone]: (S, O:) and in like manner one says, جَبَرَ عَظْمَهُ عَلَى عُقْدَةٍ He set and joined his bone unevenly. (L.) b5: [Hence also A joint, i. e. an articulation, of the fingers: and a bone of a finger, i. e. any one of the phalanges: it is used in both of these senses in the present day: and العُقْدَةُ مِنَ الأَصَابِعِ occurs in the Msb, in art. نمل, in explanation of الأَنْمَلَةُ; which is generally expl. as meaning “ the head of the finger,” or “ the portion in which is the nail. ” (See also مَعْقِدٌ.) b6: A knot, or joint, of a cane and the like. And what is termed A knot in the horn of a mountain-goat (as in the S and K in art. حيد) and the like. b7: A knot in a tree. b8: A node, of a plant, whence a leaf shoots forth: a bud, or gem, of a plant: and any fruit, or produce, of a plant, forming a compact and roundish head; by some termed حَسَكَةٌ, n. un. of حَسَكٌ, q. v. b9: العُقْدَتَانِ signifies The nodes of a planet. (See تِنَّينٌ.) b10: And عُقْدَةٌ signifies also Any small nodous lump; such as the substance of a ganglion; see غُدَّةٌ: and a gland, or glandular body; see غُنْدُبَةٌ. And A knob in a general sense. b11: And hence,] The penis of a dog (IAar, A, O, L, K) compressus in coitu, et extremitate turgens: otherwise it is not thus called: (IAar, O, L:) and when this is the case, the epithet ↓ أَعْقَدُ is applied to the dog. (IAar, O.) A2: Also An estate consisting of land, or of land and a house, or of a house or land yielding a revenue, or of a house and palm-trees, or the like, syn. ضَيْعَةٌ, (S, A, O, L, K,) and عَقَارٌ, which a person has acquired (اِعْتَقَدَهُ) as a possession. (O, L, K.) b2: Any land abounding with herbage (K, TA) and with trees. (TA.) A place abounding with trees or palm-trees; (S;) or with trees and palm-trees; (O, L, K;) or with trees of the kinds called رِمْث and عَرْفَج, or, accord. to some, not of the latter kind, (L, TA,) serving for pasturage: (TA:) or a garden of many palm-trees, surrounded by a wall: and a town, or village, abounding with palm-trees, the crows of which are not made to fly away: (Ibn-Habeeb, L:) [whence] it is said in a prov., آلَفُ مِنْ غُرَابِ عُقْدَةٍ

[More familiar than the crow of a place abounding with trees or palm-trees]; because its crow is not made to fly away, (S, O, L, K, [or, as in some copies of the S and K, does not fly away,]) on account of the abundance of its trees; (K;) [or مِنْ غُرَابِ عُقْدَةَ than the crow of ' Okdeh; for]

عُقْدَة is perfectly decl. as a name for any fruitful land, and is imperfectly decl. as a proper name of a particular land (O, K) abounding with palmtrees. (O.) Also Herbage, or pasturage, sufficient for camels: (O, K:) or a place abounding with herbage, or pasturage, sufficient for cattle. (TA.) And Pasturage such as is termed جَنْبَة, (O, L, K, [in the CK جَنَبَة, and in my MS. copy of the K جُنْبَة,]) remaining from the next preceding year; also termed عُرْوَةٌ: (O, L:) or remains of pasturage: (L:) pl. عُقَدٌ (O, L) and عِقَادٌ. (L.) And accord. to the copies of the K, it signifies also Camels, or cattle, that are constrained to feed upon trees: but [this is evidently a mistake; for] it is said in the L, [as also in the O,] sometimes camels, or cattle, are constrained to feed upon trees, and these [trees] are termed عُقْدَة and عُرْوَة; but while the جَنْبَة exists, the trees are not termed عُقْدَة nor عُرْوَة. (TA.) b3: Also Anything whereby a man feels himself to be well established, and whereon he relies; from the same word signifying “ a garden of many palmtrees, surrounded by a wall; ” because, when a man has this, he considers his condition to be well established: (L, TA:) or a thing, (K, TA,) or an estate consisting of land or of land and a house &c., (عَقَارٌ, O,) in which is a sufficiency for a man: (O, K, TA:) pl. عُقَدٌ. (TA.) A3: See also عِقْدٌ.

عَقَدَةٌ The root of the tongue; (O, K;) as also عَكَدَةٌ [q. v.]; (O;) i. e. the thick part thereof. (TA.) b2: Also n. un. of عَقَدٌ as applied to sand. (S, O, L, K. [See عَقِدٌ.]) عَقِدَةٌ n. un. of عَقِدٌ [q. v.] as applied to sand. (S, O, L, K.) عَقَدَانٌ A species, or sort, of dates; (O, L, K; *) as also ↓ عَقَدٌ. (L.) عَقِيدٌ i. q. ↓ مُعَاقِدٌ, (S, O, K,) One who unites, or joins, in a contract, a compact, a covenant, an agreement, a league, a treaty, or an engagement: (K, TA:) a confederate. (TA.) One says, هُوَ عَقِيدُ الكَرَمِ and اللُّؤْمِ [He is bound by nature to generosity and to meanness]: (S, O, K:) the former is said of him who is by nature generous; and the latter, of him who is by nature mean. (TK.) b2: Also, (S, M, A, O,) and ↓ مُعْقَدٌ, (M,) and ↓ مُعَقَّدٌ, (A,) applied to rob, (S, M, A,) and honey, (M, A, O,) and the like, (S, M, A,) Thick, or thickened, or inspissated. (S, M, A, O. *) عَقِيدَةٌ [A doctrine, or the like, upon which one's mind is firmly settled or determined; or to which one holds, adheres, or cleaves, with the heart, or mind; a belief, or firm belief or persuasion; a creed; an article of belief; a religious tenet; i. e.]

مَا يَدِينُ الإِنْسَانُ بِهِ: (Msb:) [see اِعْتَقَدَ كَذَا, in connection with which it is mentioned in the Msb: pl. عَقَائِدُ: and ↓ مُعْتَقَدٌ signifies the same as عَقِيدَةٌ; pl. مُعْتَقَدَاتٌ: so too does ↓ اِعْتِقَادٌ, an inf. n. used in the sense of a pass. part. n.; pl. اِعْتِقَادَاتٌ.] One says, لَهُ عَقِيدَةٌ حَسَنَةٌ [He has a good belief]; meaning he has an عقيدة free from doubt. (Msb.) [See also مَعْقُودٌ.]

عَاقِدٌ A she-camel that has confessed herself to have conceived; (S, O, K;) or that has closed her vulva upon the sperma of the stallion; (L;) for she then twists her tail as if tying it in a knot, and it is thereby known that she has conceived: (S, O, L:) and a she-camel twisting her tail as if tying it in a knot, (L,) or that has so twisted her tail, (O,) on the occasion of her conceiving; (O, L;) in order that it may be known that she has conceived: (O:) pl. عَوَاقِدُ. (L.) b2: And A she-gazelle having the end of her tail twisted [as if tied in a knot]: or bending her neck in lying down: or raising her head in fear for herself and her young one. (L.) And A gazelle putting his neck upon his rump, (O, L,) having bent it to sleep: (TA:) or having put his neck upon his rump: (K:) pl. as above. (O, L.) b3: And one says, جَآءَ عَاقِدًا عُنُقَهُ, meaning He came twisting his neck by reason of pride. (A, O, L.) b4: عَاقِدٌ is also applied as an epithet to أَقِط [q. v.] meaning That of which the water has gone, and which is thoroughly cooked. (AHát, TA voce كَثْءٌ.) A2: Also The [space called the] حَرِيم [q. v.] of a well; (S, M, O, K;) and what is around it, (مَا حَوْلَهُ, S, M, TA,) i. e. what is around the حريم: in the K [and O], ما حُوْلَهَا, i. e. what is around the well; but the former is the right. (TA.) عِنْقَادٌ: see what next follows.

عُنْقُودٌ and ↓ عِنْقَادٌ (S, O, L, Msb, K, &c.) A raceme, or bunch, (Mgh voce عِثْكَالٌ,) of grapes, (S, O, L, Msb, K,) and the like, (Msb,) as of dates, (Mgh ubi suprà, and ISh in art. ثفرق of the TA,) and of [the fruit of] the أَرَاك, and بُطْم, (O, K,) and the like: (K:) pl. عَنَاقِيدُ. (S, O, L, &c.) أَعْقَدُ A wolf, (O, L, K,) and a dog, and a ram, and any other animal, (L.) having a twisted tail [as though it were tied in a knot]: (O, L, K:) and [the fem.] عَقْدَآءُ, a sheep or goat (شَاة) having a twisted tail as though it were knotted or tied in a knot. (S, * L, K. *) And الأَعْقَدُ signifies The dog; (S, O, L, K;) a well-known name thereof; (S, O, L;) because of his tail's being twisted as though it were tied in a knot. (S, L.) b2: And A crooked tail. (L.) b3: And A stallion [app. of the camels] that raises his tail; which he does by reason of sprightliness. (L.) b4: And A he-goat having a twist, or a knot, in his horn. (L.) b5: For one of its meanings as an epithet applied to a dog, see عُقْدَةٌ, latter half. b6: Also, and ↓ عَقِدٌ, A man having an impediment in his tongue; unable to speak freely; tongue-tied. (S, * O, * L, K. *) b7: And لَئِيمٌ أَعْقَدُ A mean man, of difficult, or stubborn, disposition. (ISk, O, L.) b8: And [the fem.]

عَقْدَآءُ signifies A female slave. (AA, O, K.) مَعْقِدٌ The place of the عَقْد [or tying, &c.,] of a thing: (Msb:) pl. مَعَاقِدُ. (S, O: in which this is similarly explained.) مَعْقِدُ حَبْلٍ signifies The place of a cord, or rope, where it is tied, knit, or tied in a knot or knots. (L.) [Hence,] one says, هُوَ مِنِّى مَعْقِدَ الإِزَارِ [lit. He is, in respect of me, in the place of the tying of the waistwrapper], meaning he is near to me in station, standing, or grade: (S, O, L, K:) and in like manner, مَقْعَدَ القَابِلَةِ: (TA:) مَعْقِدَ الإِزَارِ being an adverbial phrase having a special application, but used as one not having such an application. (L.) b2: And A joint, an articulation, or a place of juncture between two bones. (L. [See also عُقْدَةٌ, in the latter part of the former half.]) b3: أَسْأَلُكَ بِمَعَاقِدِ العِزِّ مِنْ عَرْشِكَ i. e. I ask Thee by the properties wherein consists the title of thy throne to glory, or by the places wherein those properties are [as it were] knit together, properly meaning by the glory of thy throne, is a phrase used in prayer, of which, IAth says, the party of Aboo-Haneefeh disapprove. (L.) b4: For another meaning of the pl., مَعَاقِدُ, see عَقْدٌ.

مُعْقَدٌ: see عَقِيدٌ.

مُعَقَدٌ [Tied in many knots]. One says خُيُوطٌ مُعَقَّدَةٌ [Threads, or strings, tied in many knots]: the latter word being with teshdeed to denote muchness, or multiplicity. (S, O, L.) b2: and [hence] applied to language, (S, O, L, K,) as meaning Rendered obscure: (S, O, L:) or [simply] obscure. (K.) b3: See also مَعْقُودٌ. b4: and see عَقِيد. b5: It also occurs in a trad. as meaning A sort of بُرْد, of the manufacture of Hejer. (L.) مُعَقِّدٌ [Tying a number of knots or many knots: as enchanters used to do. (See نَفَثَ.) b2: and hence,] An enchanter. (A, O, K.) مِعْقَادٌ: see عِقْدٌ.

مَعْقُودٌ A cord, or rope, tied, knit, complicated into a knot or knots, or tied firmly, fast, or strongly. (L.) الخَيْلُ مَعْقُودٌ فِى نَوَاصِيهَا الخَيْرُ, a saying occurring in a trad., means Good fortune cleaves to the forelocks of horses as though it were tied to them. (L.) b2: Also A sale, or bargain, and a contract, a compact, or the like, concluded, settled, confirmed, or ratified. (L.) b3: لَيْسَ لَهُ مَعْقُودٌ means رَأْىٍ ↓ ليس له عَقْدُ [i. e. He has not any settled, or determined, opinion or judgment]. (S, O, K.) b4: بِنَآءٌ مَعْقُودٌ A building, or structure, [arched, or vaulted, or] having arches, like those of [many] doorways; (A, O, K;) as also ↓ مُعَقَّدٌ. (A.) b5: مَعْقُودَةُ القَرَا: see عَقْدٌ.

مُعَاقِدٌ: see عَقِيدٌ.

مُعْتَقَدٌ: see عَقِيدَةٌ.

يَمِينٌ مُنْعَقِدَةٌ An oath to do, or to abstain from doing, a thing in the future. (KT.) يَعْقِيدٌ, asserted by some to be the only word in the language of the measure يَفْعِيلٌ except يَعْضِيدٌ, (O,) Honey thickened, or inspissated, (O, L, K,) by means of fire: (O, K:) and (as some say, L) food, or wheat, (طَعَام,) made thick with honey. (O, L, K.)

عير

1 عَارَ, aor. ـِ He went, or journeyed. (TA.) b2: عَارَ فِى الأَرْضِ, aor. as above, He went away in, or into, the land, or country. (S.) b3: and عَارَ, (S, O, &c.,) aor. as above, (Msb, K,) inf. n. عِيَارٌ, (Msb, TA,) or this is a simple subst., (K,) He (a horse, S, Mgh, O, Msb, K, and a dog, K) went away (O, K, TA) hither and thither, (O, TA,) which action is also termed مُعَايَرَةٌ [inf. n. of ↓ عَايَرَ], (O,) as though he had made his escape (K, TA) from his master, going to and fro: (TA:) and the same is said of news: (IKtt, TA:) or escaped, or got loose, and went away hither and thither, by reason of his exceeding sprightliness: (S:) or escaped, or got loose, and went away at random: (Msb:) or went away hither and thither, by reason of his sprightliness: or strayed at random, nothing turning him: (Mgh:) or went away at random, far from his master. (TA.) b4: And عَارَ, (aor. as above, TA,) He (a man) came and went, (K,) moving to and fro. (TA.) b5: عَارَ فِى القَوْمِ يَضْرِبُهُمْ بِالسَّيْفِ, (S, * TA,) inf. n. عَيَرَانٌ, (TA,) He (a man) went and came among the people, (TA,) or did mischief among them, (S,) smiting them with the sword. (S, * TA.) b6: عَارَتِ القَصِيدَةُ (assumed tropical:) The ode became current. (K.) b7: عَارَ, (K,) aor. as above, inf. n. عِيَارٌ and عَيَرَانٌ, (TA,) He (a camel) left his females that were seven months gone with young, and went away to others, (IKtt, L, K,) to cover them. (IKtt, L.) In [some of] the copies of the K, شَوْلَهَا is put in the place of شَوْلَهُ, which latter is the reading in the Tahdheeb of IKtt [and in the CK]. (TA.) A2: عَارَهُ, aor. ـِ and يَعُورُهُ, (S and K in art. عور,) or the aor. is not used, or it is scarcely ever used, (TA in the same art.,) He, or it, took, and went away with, him, or it: (S and K in the same art.:) or destroyed him, or it. (K and TA in the same art.) See art. عور. You say عِرْتُ ثَوْبَهُ, I took, or went away with, his garment. (TA.) And it is said in a prov., عَيْرٌ عَارَهُ وَتِدُهُ An ass which his peg [to which he was tethered] destroyed [by preventing his escape from wild beasts that attacked him]. (Meyd, TA. [See Freytag's Arab. Prov., ii. 87.]) A3: عَارَهُ, [aor. as above,] also signifies He blamed, or reproached, him; found fault with him; attributed or imputed to him, or charged him with, or accused him of, a vice, or fault, or the like. (S, O, TA.) [See also what next follows.]2 عيّرهُ كَذَا, (S, O, Msb, K,) and عيّره بِهِ, though the former is the more approved, (ElMarzookee, in his Expos. of the Hamáseh, and Msb, and MF,) or the latter is peculiar to the vulgar, (S, and El-Hareeree in the Durrat el-Ghowwás.) and should not be used, (O, K,) inf. n. تَعْيِيرٌ, (S, O,) He upbraided him with such a thing; reproached him for it; declared it to be bad, evil, abominable, or foal, and charged him with it. (Msb.) [You also say عيّرهُ عَلَي فِعْلِهِ He upbraided him, or reproached him, for his deed.] And عيّر عَلَيْهِ [is an elliptical phrase, signifying the same; فِعْلَهُ or the like being understood: or He upbraided him; charged him with acting disgracefully]. (TA, voce تعريب.) [See also 1, last signification.]

A2: عيّر الدَّنَانِيرَ, (K,) inf. n. as above, (TA,) He weighed the pieces of gold one after another: (K:) and he put, or threw down, the pieces of gold, one by one, and compared them, one by one. (TA.) The verb is [said to be] used in relation to measuring and weighing; but, says Az, Lth makes a distinction between عَايَرْتُ and عَيَّرْتُ, making the former to relate to a measure of capacity, and the latter to an instrument for weighing: and [SM adds,] F mentions the former in art. عور, and the latter in the present art. (TA.) See also 3, in five places.

A3: And عيّر المَآءُ The water became overspread with [the green substance termed] طُحْلُب: (O, K:) but [SM adds,] it is more probably أَغْثَرَ, with ا and غ and ث. (TA.) 3 عاير المَكَايِيلَ, (S, Mgh, and K in art. عور,) and المَوَازِينَ, (S, Mgh,) inf. n. عِيَارٌ; (S;) and عاورها, (S, K,) and عوّرها; (K;) signify the same, (S, K,) He measured, or compared, the measures of capacity, (Mgh, K,) and the instruments for weighing, one by, or with, another. (Mgh.) One should not say ↓ عيّر. (S.) The saying اِسْتَعَارَ

?? ↓ دَرَاهِمَ لِيُعَيِّرَ, meaning, [He borrowed pieces of money] that he might equalize [with them the weights of his balance], should be, correctly, لِيُعَايِرَ. (Mgh.) You say عَايَرْتُ المِكْيَالَ, and المِيزَانَ, inf. n. مُعَايَرَةٌ and عِيَارٌ, meaning I tried, or proved, the measure of capacity, and the instrument for weighing, [or gauged the former,] that I might know its correctness [or incorrectness]: this, says Az, is the correct form: one should not say ↓ عَيَّرْتُ, except from العَارُ, accord. to the leading lexicologists and ISk says, عَايَرْتُ بَيْنَ المِكْيَالَيْنِ signifies I tried, or proved, the two measure of capacity, that I might know their equality [or inequality]: you should not say المِيزَانَيْنِ ↓ عَيَّرْتُ, (Msb.) [But in the TA, الميزان ↓ عيّر and المكيال is mentioned without any remark of disapproval, with عاورهما and عايرهما.] You also say عاير بَيْنَهُمَا, inf. n. مُعَايَرَةٌ and عِيَارٌ, He measured, or compared, them two. each by, or with, the other, and examined what [difference] was between them. (K in art. عور.) b2: [Hence, عاير app. signifies also He assayed gold &c.]

A2: See also 1, third sentence.4 اعار الفَرَسَ, (S, K,) and الكَلْبَ, (K,) He (his master) made the horse, and the dog, to go away as though he had escaped, or got loose: (K:) or made him to escape; (TA:) or made him to escape, or get loose, and go away hither and thither, by reason of his exceeding sprightliness. (S.) A2: أَعْيَرَ النَّصْلَ He made to the iron head or blade of an arrow, or of a spear, or of a sword, or of a knife, or the like, what is called عَيْرٌ. (AA, K.) A3: أَعَارَتْ حَافِرًا means She (a mare) raised and shifted a hoof; b2: and hence, accord. to Az, إِعَارَةُ الثِّيَابِ [The lending of garments] &c. (L, TA. [See 4 in art. عور.]) A4: And اعارهُ is also said to signify He fattened him; namely, a horse: b2: and He plucked out the hair of his tail; like

أَعْرَاهُ: both of which meanings are mentioned by IKtt and others: b3: and i. q. ضَمَّرَهُ [He made him lean, or light of flesh, &c.]; from عَارَ “ he went and came. ” (TA.) 5 هُمْ يَتَعَيَّرُونَ مِنْ جِيرَانِهِمُ الأَمْتِعَةَ is said to mean يَسْتَعِيرُونَ [i. e. They ask of their neighbours the loan of the household-goods, &c.]: but Az says that the word used by the Arabs is يَتَعَيَّرُونَ. (TA. [See 10 in art. عور.]) 6 تعايروا They blamed, upbraided, or reproached, one another; found fault, one with another; i. q. تَعَايَبُوا, (S, O, Msb,) or عَيَّرَ بَعْضُهُمْ بَعْضًا: (K:) or they reviled, or vilified, one another; syn. تَسَابُّوا. (Az.) 10 استعار سَهْمًا مِنْ كِنَانَتِهِ: see art. عور.

عَارٌ A disgrace; a shame; a thing that occasions one's being reviled; a vice, or fault, or the like; (S, O;) a thing for which one is, or is to be, blamed, or dispraised; (B, in TA, art. عور;) anything that necessarily occasions blame or reproach, (Msb, K,) or disgrace: (Msb:) pl. أَعْيَارٌ: (TA:) and ↓ مَعَايِرُ, (S, O, K,) of which the sing. is app. ↓ مَعْيَرَةٌ, (O,) [is syn. with أَعْيَارٌ, for it] signifies things for which one is, or is to be, blamed, upbraided, reproached, or found fault with; syn. مَعَايِبُ. (S, O, K.) عَيْرٌ The ass; (S, O, Msb, K;) both the wild and the domestic; (S, O, Msb;) its predominant application is to the former: (K:) so called because he goes away hither and thither (يَعِيرُ فَيَتَرَدَّدُ) in the desert: (TA:) fem. with ة: (S, Msb:) pl. [of pauc.] أَعْيَارٌ, (S, O, Msb, K.) and [of mult.] عِيَارٌ and عُيُورٌ (K) and عُيُورَةٌ (S, O, Msb, K) and عِيَرَةٌ (O) and ↓ مَعْيُورَآءُ, (S, O, K,) like مَشْيُوخَآءُ &c., or this is [properly speaking] a quasi-pl. n., (TA,) and ↓ مَعْيُورَى, [also a quasipl. n.,] (Az, TA,) and pl. pl. عِيَرَاتٌ (O) and عِيَارَاتٌ. (K.) [Dim. عُيَيْرٌ, q. v. intra.] b2: It is said in a prov., relating to contentment with that which is present and forgetting what is absent, إِنْ ذَهَبَ العَيْرُ فَعَيْرٌ فِى الرِّبَاطِ [If the ass has gone away, there is an ass in the tether]. (A 'Obeyd.) b3: You say also, of a place in which is no good, هُوَ كَجَوْفِ عَيْرٍ [It is like the belly of an ass], (S, TA,) or كجوف العَيْرِ [like the belly of the ass]; (TA;) because there is nothing in his belly of which any use is made: (S, TA:) or this originated from the saying هُوَ أَخْلَى مِنْ جَوْفِ حِمَارٍ [It is more empty than the valley of Himar]; (S, O, * TA;) for حمار was the name of a certain unbeliever, who possessed a valley, which for his infidelity, God rendered waste and unproductive; (O, * TA;) and Imra-el-Keys, (O, TA,) as some say, but correctly Taäbbata-sharrà, (O,) quoting the above-mentioned saying, has substituted العير for حمار, for the sake of the metre. (O, TA.) b4: One says also أَذَلُّ مِنَ العَيْرِ More vile than the ass. (TA.) [But this is doubtful: see the same phrase expl. differently later in this paragraph. The wild ass is superior to every other kind of animal that is an object of the chase: (see فَرَأٌ:) and hence, app., the signification here next following.] b5: عَيْرٌ also signifies A lord, or chief, (S, O, K,) of a people: (S, O:) a king: (K:) pl. أَعْيَارٌ. (O.) b6: The saying (S, K) of the people of Syria, used by them proverbially, (TA,) عَيْرٌ بِعَيْرٍ وَزِيَادَةُ عَشَرَةٍ [A lord for a lord, or a lord is succeeded by a lord, and an increase of ten] is expl. by the fact that, when the Khaleefeh of the sons of Umeiyeh died, and another arose, he increased their stipends by ten dirhems: (S, O, K:) so they said thus on that occasion. (O, TA.) b7: عَيْرُ السَّرَاةِ is an appellation of A certain bird, (S, O, K, TA,) resembling the pigeon, (S, O, TA,) short in the legs, which are coved with feathers, yellow in the legs and bill, having the eye bordered with black, of a clear colour inclining to greenness, or dark dust-colour, (خُضْرَة,) yellow in the belly and the part beneath its wings and the inner part of its tail; as though it were a variegated بُرْد: pl. عُيُورُ السَّرَاةِ: السَّرَاةُ being a place in the district of Et-Táïf: they assert that this bird eats three hundred figs, from the time of their coming forth from among the leaves, small; and in like manner, grapes. (TA.) A2: Also The prominence, or ridge, in the middle of the iron head or blade of an arrow or of a spear or of a sword or of a knife or the like. (S, O.) [See ذُبَابٌ.]

b2: The prominent line, (S, O, TA,) like a little wall, (TA,) in the middle of a leaf; its middle rib. (S, O, TA.) b3: The spine, i. e. the prominent part, in the middle of the scapula, or shoulderblade. (S, O.) b4: The prominent, or projecting, bone in the middle of the hand: pl. أَعْيَارٌ. (TA.) [In the K, it is expl. simply by العَظْمُ النَّاتِئُ وَسَطَهَا: but this is a wrong reading, app. occasioned by an omission, which is supplied in the TA, though somewhat awkwardly: it seems that we should read وَمِنَ الكَفِّ العَظْمُ النَّتِئُ وَسَطَهَا; or, more probably, ومن الكَتِفِ الخ; for I incline to think that الكفّ in the TA is a mistake for الكتف, and that the last signification of عير, given here, is doubtful.] b5: The prominence, or protuberance, in the upper, or convex, part, or back, of the foot. (S, O, TA.) b6: Any prominent, or protuberant, bone in the body. (TA.) b7: An edge, or a ridge, of a rock, naturally prominent. (TA.) b8: Anything prominent, or protuberant, in an even thing, (K,) or in the middle of an even thing [or surface]. (TA.) b9: Each of the two portions of flesh and sinew next the back bone, one on either side thereof: both together are called عَيْرَانِ. (K, * TA.) [So called because it forms a kind of ridge.] b10: The prominent, or protuberant, part at the pupil (بُؤْبُؤ) of the eye: (AA, TA:) or the lid of the eye: (S, O, K:) or the inner angle [ for مَأٰقِى, in the CK, I read مَأْقَى, as in other copies of the K,] of the eye: (Th, K:) or the image that is seen in the black of the eye when a thing faces it; (Aboo-Tálib, L, K; *) also called لُعْبَةٌ: (Aboo-Tálib, L:) or the eye-ball: (TA:) or a looking from the outer angle (لَحْظ [or perhaps this signifies here the outer angle itself]) of the eye. (K.) Hence the saying, (S, O,) فَعَلْتُ ذَاكَ قَبْلَ عَيْرٍ وَمَا جَرَى I did that before a look from the outer angle of the eye: (S, O, K: *) or before he winked [or could wink]; عير meaning the “ image that is seen in the black of the eye; ” and ما جرى, “what moved,” i. e., “the eye itself: ” (Aboo-Tálib:) or before I looked [or could look] at thee; not used with a negative: (Th:) nor do you say أَفْعَلُ ذاك [instead of فعلت ذاك in this phrase]: (A O, S:) or عير here signifies the wild ass. (Lh.) You say also أَتَيْتُكَ قَبْلَ عَيْرٍ وَمَا جَرَى, meaning I came to thee before a sleeper awoke [or could awake]. (AA, TA.) b11: The وَتِد [or tragus] which is in the inner part of the ear: (S:) [see وَتِدٌ:] or the part of the interior of the ear which is below the فَرْع [or upper portion thereof], (K,) in a man and in a horse, like the عَيْر [of the head] of an arrow: (TA:) or the عَيْرَانِ are the مَتْنَانِ [app. meaning the two backs, though the word may have some other application in this case,] of the two ears of a horse: pl. عِيَارٌ. (TA.) A3: A wooden pin, peg, or stake, which is fixed in the ground or in a wall. (S, O, K.) Hence, as some say, the prov. فُلَانٌ أَذَلُّ مِنَ العَيْرِ [Such a one is more vile than the wooden pin, or peg, of a tent &c.]. (TA.) [See another explanation above: and see also مَذَلَّةٌ.] Hence also, accord. to some, (TA,) one says, مَا أَدْرِى أَىُّ مَنْ ضَرَبَ العَيْرَ هُوَ, meaning I known not what one of mankind is he. (Yaakoob, S, O, K, TA.) and hence too, as some say, the saying of El-Hárith Ibn-Hillizeh, (O, TA,) زَعَمُوا أَنَّ كُلَّ مَنْ ضَرَبَ العَيْ رَ مَوَالٍ لَنَا وَأَنَّا الوَلَآءُ of which Aboo-'Amr Ibn-El-'Alà said that he had passed away, or died, who knew the meaning of this verse, (S, O, TA,) and which is differently related, some saying مَوَالٍ لَهَا, and some saying الوِلَآءُ: (TA:) but various meanings are assigned to العير in this instance; and some expl. it as a proper name: (O, TA:) and some, relating this verse, say العِيرَ [q. v.]: (TA:) [the following explanation of the verse has been given as preferable to others:] They (the Arákim, mentioned two verses before,) have asserted that all who have hunted the wild ass are the sons of our paternal uncles, and that we are the relations of them; الولآء being for أَصْحَابُ وَلَائِهِمْ: meaning that we are responsible for their crimes, or offences, as though we were their heirs. (EM p. 261.) A4: Also A certain piece of wood which is in the fore part of the [vehicle called] هَوْدَج. (O, K.) A5: And A drum. (O, K.) And so, as some say, in the verse cited above. (O, TA.) A6: And A mountain. (K.) And also the name of A mountain of El-Medeeneh: (K, TA:) and, as some say, of a mountain of Mekkeh. (TA.) A7: And الأَعْيَارُ (of which the sing. is العَيْرُ, TA) is a name of Certain bright stars in the track of the feet of سُهَيْل [or Canopus]. (O, K.) عِيرٌ A caravan; syn. قَافِلَةٌ; of the fem. gen.: (K:) from عَارَ “ he journeyed: ” (TA:) or camels that carry provision of corn: (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K:) then generally applied to any caravan: (Mgh, Msb:) or a caravan of asses; and then extended to any caravan; as though pl. of عَيْرٌ, being originally and regularly of the measure فُعُلٌ, [i. e.

عُيُرٌ,] like سُقُفٌ as pl. of سَقْفٌ; (TA;) but it has no proper sing.: (K:) or any beasts upon which provision of corn is brought, whether camels or asses or mules: (K:) the عير mentioned in the Kur xii. 94 consisted of asses; and the assertion of him who says that عير is applied specially to camels is false: (AHeyth, O, TA:) Nuseyr cites the poet Aboo-'Amr El-Asadee as applying this appellation to asses; and says that camels are not so called unless employed for bringing provision of corn: (AHeyth, TA:) IAar says that it is applied to camels bearing burdens, and not bearing burdens: (Az:) but camels are not thus called that bring corn for their owners: (TA, voce رِكَاب:) pl. عِيَرَاتٌ, (O, K,) with ا and ت because it is of the fem. gender, and, being a subst., with the ى movent, accord. to the dial. of Hudheyl, for they say جَوْزَاتٌ and بَيْضَاتٌ; (Sb;) and عِيْرَاتٌ (S, K) is allowable, (S,) and is the regular form, and occurs in a trad., meaning horses or the like, and camels carrying merchandise. (TA.) عَيْرَانٌ applied to a he-camel, (O,) and عَيْرَانَةٌ applied to a she-camel, (S, O, K,) Resembling the [wild] ass (العَيْر) in quickness and briskness: (S, O:) or the latter, swift, with briskness; (K, TA;) so termed because of her frequent going round about [or to and fro], rather than as being likened to the [wild] ass: and also hard, or hardy. (TA.) عِيرَانٌ: see عَائِرٌ in art. عور.

عِيَارٌ and ↓ مِعْيَارٌ are syn.; (S;) both signify [A standard of measure or weight;] a thing with which another thing is measured, or compared, and equalized; (Mgh;) [and with which it is assayed:] or a thing with which measures of capacity are measured, compared, or equalized: (Lth:) the عِيَار of a thing is that which is made, or appointed, a standard thereof, by which to regulate or adjust it; expl. by مَا جُعِلَ نِظَامًا لَهُ. (Msb.) b2: The عِيَار of dirhems, and of deenárs, is [The rate, or standard, of fineness;] the quantity of pure silver, and of pure gold, that is put into them. (Mgh.) A2: [See also 1.]

عِيَارَةٌ Currency of a poem. (K.) عُيَيْرٌ [dim. of عَيْرٌ]. You say, فُلَانٌ عُيَيْرُ وَحْدِهِ (assumed tropical:) Such a one is a person who is pleased with his own opinion; (S, O, K;) an expression of dispraise; (S;) like as نَسِيجُ وَحْدِهِ is one of praise: (TA:) or a person who does not consult others, nor mix with them, yet in whom is ignobleness and weakness; as also جُحَيْشُ وَحْدِهِ [q. v.]: (Az:) or a person who eats by himself. (Th, K.) Youmay also say عِيَيْرٌ, like شِيَيْخٌ for شُيَيْخٌ; but you should not say عُوَيْر, nor شُوَيْخ. (S, O.) عَيِّرٌ: see عَائِرٌ.

عَيَّارٌ: see the next paragraph, in five places.

عَائِرٌ That goes to and fro, and round about; as also ↓ عَيَّارٌ: both are applied [to a man and] also to a dog: (TA:) and ↓ the latter is also expl. as follows: a man (TA) often coming and going (K, TA) in the land: (TA:) often going round about, (Fr, S, Msb, K,) often in motion, (Fr, S, Msb,) and sharp, or quick, of intellect: (S, K:) it is used as an epithet of praise and as one of dispraise: for instance, applied to a boy, it signifies brisk in obeying God, and brisk in acts of disobedience: (IAar:) and ↓ عَيِّرٌ, applied to a horse, signifies brisk, lively, or sprightly: (IAar:) and ↓ عَيَّارٌ, so applied, mischievous; and that is brisk, lively, or sprightly, so that he goes on one side of the way, and then turns to the other side: (TA:) and, applied to a man, that goes to and fro without work: (Ajnás en-Nátifee, Mgh:) or that leaves himself to follow his natural desire, not restraining himself. (IAmb, Mgh, Msb.) It is said in a prov., كَلْبٌ عَائِرٌ خَيْرٌ مِنْ أَسَدٍ رَابِضٍ A dog going to and fro and round about is better [as a guard] than a lion lying down. (TA.) You say also شَاةٌ عَائِرَةٌ A sheep that goes to and fro between two flocks, not knowing which of them to follow: to such is a hypocrite likened. (TA.) And نَاقَةٌ عَائِرَةٌ A she-camel that goes forth from the other camels in order that the stallion may cover her (S, O, TA.) And جَمَلٌ عَائِرٌ A he-camel that leaves the females seven months gone with young, and goes to others. (S.) And بأَوْصَالٍ ↓ عَيَّارٌ A horse that goes away hither and thither, by reason of his sprightliness: (S, O:) or a lion that goes away with the joints, or whole bones. of men to his thicket. (IB.) ↓ العَيَّارُ is an appellation given to The lion, (S, O, K,) because of his coming and going in search of his prey. (S, O.) b2: قَصِيدَةٌ عَائِرَةٌ (assumed tropical:) An ode having currency. (O.) b3: سَهْمٌ An arrow from an unknown shouter. (Msb. [Mentioned also in art. عور.]) And ثَمَرَةٌ عَائِرَةٌ A fallen fruit, of which the owner is not known (TA.) A2: عَائِرُ العَيْنِ, and عَائِرَةُ عَيْنٍ or عَيْنَيْنِ, &c.: see art. عور.

مَا قَالَتِ العَرَبُ بَيْتًا أَعْيَرَ مِنْهُ The Arabs have not uttered a verse more current than it. (A, O, TA.) مُعَارٌ A horse, (S, K,) and a dog, (K.) made to go away as though he had escaped. or got loose: (K:) or made to escape: (TA:) or made to escape, or get loose, and go away hither and thither, by reason of his exceeding sprightliness. (S.) It is also expl. as signifying, applied to a horse, Fattened: and having the hair of is tail plucked out: these two explanations mentioned by IKtt and others: and made lean, or light of flesh. (TA. [See 4, last sentence.]) See also the next paragraph.

مِعَارٌ, (O, K,) as though originally مِعْيَرٌ, from عَارَ, aor. ـِ (Az, O,) A horse that turns away from the road with his rider. (O, K.) Hence the saying of Bishr Ibn-Abee-Házim, (K,) or Kházim, as written by Sgh, (TA,) not Et-Tirimmáh, J having made a mistake [in ascribing it to him (but in one of my copies of the S it is ascribed to Bishr Ibn-Abee-Házim and in the other to a poet unnamed)], أَحَقُّ الخَيْلِ بِالرَّكْضِ المِعَارُ [The most deserving, of horses, of being urged to run by the striking with the foot is he that turns away from the road with his rider]. (K.) Aboo-'Obeyd, (so in my copies of the S,) or Aboo-'Obeydeh, (so in the K and TA,) says that the people, in relating this, say ↓ المُعَارُ, [deriving it] from العَارِيَّة; which is a mistake: (S, K, TA:) the truth being that this is a mistake as to the damm and the derivation; which is the saying of IAar alone, and is mentioned by IB also: (TA:) or the last word is المُغَارُ. (TA in art. غور, q. v.) نَصْلٌ مُعْيَرٌ An iron head or blade, of an arrow or of a spear or of a sword or of a knife or the like, having what is termed عَيْرٌ. (AHn, from AA.) And كَفٌّ مُعْيِرَةٌ, and ↓ مُعَيِّرَةٌ, [so in the TA, but more probably مُعْيَرَةٌ and مُعَيَّرَةٌ,] A كَفّ [or hand] having what is so termed. (TA. [But I think that كَفٌّ is here a mistranscription for كَتِفٌ: see عَيْرٌ.]) اِبْنَةُ مِعْيَرٍ Calamity, (K, TA,) and hardship. (TA.) And بَنَاتُ مِعْيَرٍ Calamities. (S, O, TA,) and hardships. (TA.) مُعْيَرَةٌ, and the pl. مَعَايِرٌ: see عَارٌ كَفٌّ مُعَيَّرَةٌ [or كَتِفٌ?]: see مُعْيَرٌ.

مِعْيَارٌ: see عِيَارٌ.

مَعْيُورَى and مَعْيُورَآءُ: see عَيْرٌ, first sentence.

مُسْتَعِيرٌ Resembling the عَيْر [i. e. ass, or wild, ass,] in make. (O, K.)

عقل

1 عَقڤلَ [The inf. n.] عَقْلٌ signifies The act of withholding, or restraining; syn. مَنْعٌ. (TA.) [This is app. the primary signification, or it may be from what next follows.] b2: عَقَلَ البَعِيرَ, (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K,) aor. ـِ (S, O, Msb,) inf. n. عَقْلٌ, (S, Mgh, O, Msb,) He bound the camel with the [rope called] عِقَال; (Mgh;) meaning he bound the camel's fore shank to his arm; (K;) i. e. he folded together the camel's fore shank and his arm and bound them both in the middle of the arm with the rope called عِقَال; (S, O, Msb;) and ↓ اعتقلهُ signifies the same; as also ↓ عقّلهُ; (K;) or you say, عَقَّلْتُ الإِبِلَ, from العِقَالُ, (S, O,) inf. n. تَعْقِيلٌ, (O,) [i. e. I bound the camels in the manner expl. above,] this verb being with tesh-deed because of its application to a number of objects: (S, O:) and sometimes the hocks were bound with the عِقَال. (TA.) The she-camel, also, was bound with the عِقَال on the occasion of her being covered: b3: and hence العَقْلُ is metonymically used as meaning الجِمَاعُ [i. e. (assumed tropical:) The act of compressing a woman]. (TA.) b4: عَقَلْتُ القَتِيلَ, (S, Mgh, Msb, K, *) or المَقْتُولَ, (S, O,) aor. as above, (TA,) and so the inf. n., (Msb, TA,) means I gave, or paid, the bloodwit to the heir, or next of kin, of the slain person: (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K: *) for the camels [that constituted the bloodwit] used to be bound with the عِقَال in the yard of the abode of the heir, or next of kin, of the slain person; and in consequence of frequency of usage, the phrase became employed to mean thus when the bloodwit was given in dirhems or deenárs. (As, S, O, Msb. * [See a verse cited in the first paragraph of art. عيف.]) And [hence] one says also, عَقَلْتُ عَنْهُ, (inf. n. as above, TA,) meaning I paid for him, (the slayer, Mgh,) i. e., in his stead, (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K, *) the bloodwit that was obligatory upon him, (S, Mgh, O, K, *) or what was obligatory upon him of the bloodwit. (Msb.) And عَقَلْتُ لَهُ دَمَ فُلَانٍ I relinquished in his favour retaliation of the blood of such a one for the bloodwit. (S, O, Msb, K. *) لَا تَعْقِلُ العَاقِلَةُ عَمْدًا وَلَا عَبْدًا, (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K,) in a trad. (S, O, Msb) of Esh-Shaabee, (O,) or a saying of Esh-Shaabee, (Mgh, * K,) not a trad., (K,) but the like occurs in a trad. related on the authority of I'Ab, (TA,) [meaning, accord. to an expl. of the verb when trans. without a particle, mentioned above, Those who are responsible for the payment of a bloodwit in certain cases shall not pay it for an intentional act of slaying or the like, nor for the slaying or the like of a slave,] applies, accord. to Aboo-Haneefeh, to the case of a slave's committing a crime against a free person: (S, O, Msb, K: [and thus as expl. in the Mgh:]) but, (S, O, Msb, K,) accord. to Ibn-Abee-Leylà, (S, O, Msb,) it applies to the case of a free person's committing a crime against a slave; for if the meaning were as Aboo-Haneefeh says, the phrase would be لَا تَعْقِلُ العَاقِلَةُ عَنْ عَبْدٍ; (S, O, Msb, K;) and As pronounced this to be correct: (S, O, Msb: *) Akmal-ed-Deen, however, in the Exposition of the Hidáyeh, says that عَقَلْتُهُ is used in the sense of عَقَلْتُ عَنْهُ, and that the context of the trad. indicates this meaning, which MF also defends. (TA.) [See also the saying لَا أَعْقِلُ الكَلْبَ الهَرَّارَ in art. هر.] b5: عَقَلَهُ, inf. n. as above, also means He set him up [app. a man] on one of his legs; [app. from عَقَلَ البَعِيرَ;] as also عَكَلَهُ: and every عَقْل is a raising. (TA.) b6: Also, [agreeably with the explanation of the inf. n. in the first sentence of this art.,] and ↓ عقّلهُ, and ↓ تعقّلهُ, (TA, [see also the first paragraph of art. عجس,]) and ↓ اعتقلهُ, (Msb, TA,) He withheld him, or restrained him, (Msb, TA,) عَنْ حَاجَتِهِ from the object of his want. (TA.) b7: and [hence,] عَقَلَ الدَّوَآءُ بَطْنَهُ, (S, O, Msb, K,) aor. ـِ (S, K) and عَقُلَ, (K,) inf. n. عَقْلٌ, (TA,) The medicine bound, or confined, his belly [or bowels]; syn. أَمْسَكَهُ: (S, O, Msb, K:) accord. to some, particularly after looseness: and بَطْنَهُ ↓ اعتقل signifies the same. (TA.) And يَعْقِلُ الطَّبْعَ is said of a medicine [as meaning, in like manner, It binds the bowels; is astringent]. (TA in art. حمض; &c.) And عقل البَطْنُ [app. عُقِلَ] The belly [or bowels] became bound, or confined; syn. اِسْتَمْسَكَ. (TA.) b8: عَقَلَ عَلَى القَوْمِ, [aor. ـِ inf. n. عِقَالٌ, means He collected, or exacted, the poor-rates of the people, or party; [app. from عَقَلَ البَعِيرَ; as though he bound with the rope called عِقَال the camels that he collected;] on the authority of IKtt. (TA.) 'Omar, when he had deferred [collecting] the poor-rate in the year [of drought called] عَامُ الرَّمَادَةِ, sent Ibn-AbeeDhubáb, and said, اِعْقِلْ عَلَيْهِمْ عِقَالَيْنِ فَاقْسِمْ فِيهِمْ عِقَالًا وَاءْتِنِى بِالآخَرِ [Collect thou from them two years' poor-rate; then divide among them one year's poor-rate, and bring to me the other]. (O.) One says of the collector of the poor-rate, يَعْقِلُ الصَّدَقَةَ [He collects, or exacts, the poor-rate]. (S, O.) b9: عَقَلَ فُلَانًا and ↓ اعتقلهُ signify He threw down such a one [in wrestling] by twisting his leg upon the latter's leg: (K, * TA:) [or] you say, الشَّغْزَبِيَّةَ ↓ صَارَعَهُ فَاعْتَقَلَهُ He wrestled with him and twisted his leg upon the leg of the latter: (S, O:) and one says of a wrestler, ↓ لِفُلَانٍ عُقْلَةٌ بِهَا النَّاسَ ↓ يَعْتَقِلُ, (S, O,) or يَعْقِلُ بِهَا النَّاسَ, i. e. [Such a one has] a [mode of] twisting his leg with another's [whereby he wrestles with men]. (TA.) b10: عَقَلَتْ شَعَرَهَا, (inf. n. عَقْلٌ, TA,) said of a woman, She combed her hair: (S, O:) or combed it in a certain manner; as also ↓ عَقَّلَتْهُ. (TA.) A2: عَقَلَ, aor. ـِ inf. n. عَقْلٌ and ↓ مَعْقُولٌ, (S, O, K,) or the latter, accord. to Sb, is an epithet, [or a pass. part. n.,] for he used to say that no inf. n. has the measure مَفْعُولٌ, (S, O,) He was, or became, عَاقِل [i. e. intelligent, &c.; and so ↓ تعقّل; as though he were withheld, or restrained, from doing that which is not suitable, or befitting: see عَقْلٌ below]: and ↓ عقّل, (K, TA,) inf. n. تَعْقِيلٌ, (TA,) signifies the same, (K,) or [he possessed much intelligence, for] it is with teshdeed to denote muchness: (TA:) and عَقِلَ, aor. ـَ is a dial. var. of عَقَلَ, aor. ـِ signifying he became عَاقِل. (IKtt, TA.) b2: And عَقَلَ الشَّىْءَ, (Msb, K, TA,) aor. ـِ inf. n. عَقْلٌ, (Msb, TA,) He understood, or knew, the thing; syn. فَهِمَهُ: (K, TA:) or i. q. تَدَبَّرَهُ [app. as meaning he looked into, considered, examined, or studied, the thing repeatedly, until he knew it]; and عَقِلَ, aor. ـَ is a dial. var. thereof. (Msb.) See also 5. b3: مَا أَعْقِلُهُ عَنْكَ شَيْئًا, (S, and so in the K accord. to my copy of the TA, but in the CK and in my MS. copy of the K ↓ اَعْقَلَهُ,) meaning دَعْ عَنْكَ الشَّكَّ [Dismiss from thee doubt], is [said to be] mentioned by Sb; as though the speaker said, مَا أَعْلِمُ شَيْئًا مِمَّا تَقُولُ فَدَعْ عَنْكَ الشَّكَّ [I know not aught of what thou sayest, so dismiss from thee doubt]; and [to be] like the phrases خُذْ عَنْكَ and سِرْ عَنْكَ: Bekr El-Mázinee says, “I asked Az and As and Aboo-Málik and Akh respecting this phrase, and they all said, 'We know not what it is: ' ” (so in the S:) [but] it is a mistake, for مَا أَغْفَلَهُ; (K, TA;) and thus it is mentioned by Sb and others, with غ and ف. (TA.) نَخْلَةٌ لَا تَعْقِلُ الإِبَارَ (tropical:) A palm-tree that will not receive fecundation is a tropical phrase [perhaps from عَقَلَ meaning “ he understood ” a thing]. (A, TA.) b4: عَاقَلْتُهُ فَعَقْلْتُهُ: see 3. b5: عَقَلَ, aor. ـِ inf. n. عُقُولٌ (S, O, K) and عَقْلٌ, (K,) He (a mountain-goat, S, O) became, or made himself, inaccessible in a high mountain: (S: in the O unexplained:) or he [a gazelle) ascended [a mountain]. (K.) Accord. to Az, العُقُولُ signifies The protecting oneself in a mountain. (TA.) and one says, عَقَلَ إِلَيْهِ, aor. ـِ inf. n. عَقْلٌ and عُقُولٌ, He betook himself to him, or it, for refuge, protection, covert, or lodging. (K.) b6: عَقَلَ الظِّلُّ, (S, O, K,) aor. ـِ (K,) inf. n. عَقْلٌ (K) [and probably عُقُولٌ also], The shade declined, and contracted, or shrank, at midday; (S, O;) the sun became high, and the shade almost disappeared. (S, O, K.) A3: عَقَلَ, (O, K,) aor. ـِ (K,) inf. n. عَقْلٌ, (TA,) said of a camel, He pastured upon the plant called عَاقُول. (O, K.) A4: عَقِلَ, aor. ـَ (K,) inf. n. عَقَلٌ, (S, O, K,) He (a camel) had a twisting in the hind leg, (S, O, K,) and much width [between the hind legs]: (S, O:) or had an excessive wideness, or spreading, of the hind legs, so that the hocks knocked together: (ISk, S, O:) or had a knocking together of the knees. (K.) [See also رَوَحَ.]2 عَقَّلَ see 1, in four places.

A2: عقّلهُ, inf. n. تَعْقِيلٌ, also signifies He, or it, rendered him عَاقِل [i. e. intelligent, &c.]. (O, K.) A3: And عقّل said of a grape-vine, (O, K,) inf. n. as above, (TA,) It put forth its عُقَّيْلَى, or grapes in their first, sour, state. (O, K.) 3 المَرْأَةُ تُعَاقِلُ الرَّجُلَ إِلَى ثُلُثِ دِيَتِهَا (S, Mgh, O, K) means The woman is on a par with the man to the third part of her bloodwit; (S, Mgh, O;) she receives like as the man receives [up to that point]: (Mgh:) i. e., [for instance,] his مُوضِحَة [or wound of the head for which the mulct is five camels] and her مُوضِحَة are equal; (K;) but when the portion reaches to the third of the bloodwit, her [portion of the] bloodwit is the half of that of the man: (S, O, K:) thus, for one of her fingers, ten camels are due to her, as in the case of the finger of the man; for two of her fingers, twenty camels; and for three of her fingers, thirty; but for four of her fingers, only twenty, because they exceed the third, therefore the portion is reduced to the half of what is due to the man: so accord. to Ibn-El-Museiyab: but Esh-Sháfi'ee and the people of El-Koofeh assign for the finger of the woman five camels, and for two of her fingers ten; and regard not the third part. (TA.) A2: ↓ عَاقَلْتُهُ فَعَقَلْتُهُ, (S, O, K, *) inf. n. of the former مُعَاقَلَةٌ, (TA,) and aor. of the latter عَقُلَ, (S, O, K,) and inf. n. عَقْلٌ, (TA,) means I vied, or contended, with him for superiority in عَقْل [or intelligence], (O, TA,) and I surpassed him therein. (S, O, K, * TA.) 4 اعقل He (a man) owed what is termed عِقَال, (O, K, TA,) i. e. a year's poor-rate. (TA.) b2: اعقل القَوْمُ The people, or party, became in the condition of finding the shade to have declined, and contracted, or shrunk, with them, at midday. (S, O.) A2: اعقلهُ He found him to be عَاقِل [i. e. intelligent, &c.]: (K:) it is similar to أَحْمَدَهُ and أَبْخَلَهُ. (TA.) b2: See also 1, last quarter.5 تعقّلهُ: see 1, near the middle: b2: and see 8, in four places. b3: تَعَقَّلْ لِى بِكَفَّيْكَ حَتَّى أَرْكَبَ بَعِيرِى, (O, K, *) a saying heard by Az from an Arab of the desert, (O,) means Put thy two hands together for me, and intersert thy fingers together, in order that I may put my foot upon them, i. e. upon thy hands, and mount my camel; for the camel was standing; (O, K; *) and was laden; and if he had made him to lie down, would not rise with him and his load. (O.) A2: [It is used in philosophical works as meaning He conceived it in his mind, abstractedly, and otherwise; and so, sometimes, ↓ عَقَلَهُ, aor. ـِ inf. n. عَقْلٌ. Hence one says, هٰذَا شَىْءٌ لَا يُتَعَقَّلُ This is a thing that is not conceivable.]

A3: تعقّل as intrans.: see 1, latter half. b2: [Hence, He recovered his intellect, or understanding. b3: And] He affected, or endeavoured to acquire, عَقْل [i. e. intelligence, &c.]: like as one says تَحَلَّمَ and تَكَيَّسَ. (S, O.) [See also 6.] b4: Said of an animal of the chase, as meaning It stuck fast, and became caught, in a net or the like, it is a coined word, not heard [from the Arabs of chaste speech]. (Mgh.) 6 تعاقلوا دَمُ فُلَانٍ They paid among themselves, or conjointly, the mulct for the blood of such a one. (K.) It is said in a trad., إِنَّا لَا نَتَعَاقَلُ المَصْعَ Verily we will not pay among ourselves, or conjointly, the mulcts for slight wounds of the head, [lit. the stroke with a sword,] but will oblige him who commits the offence to pay the mulct for it: i. e. the people of the towns or villages shall not pay the mulcts for the people of the desert; nor the people of the desert, for the people of the towns or villages; in the like of the case of the [wound termed] مُوضِحَة. (TA.) And in another it is said, يَتَعَاقَلُونَ بَيْنَهُمْ مَعَاقِلَهُمُ الأُولَى [They shall take and give among themselves, or conjointly, their former bloodwits]: i. e. they shall be as they were in respect of the taking and giving of bloodwits. (TA.) And one says, القَوْمُ عَلَى مَا كَانُوا يَتَعَاقَلُونَ عَلَيْهِ [The people, or party, are acting in conformity with that usage in accordance with which they used to pay and receive among themselves bloodwits]. (S, O.) A2: تعاقل also signifies He affected, or made a show of possessing, عَقْل [i. e. intelligence, &c.], without having it. (S, O.) [See also 5.]8 إِعْتَقَلَ see 1, former half, in three places. b2: اُعْتُقِلَ said of a man, He was withheld, restrained, or confined. (S, O.) b3: And اُعْتُقِلَ لِسَانُهُ, (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K,) and اِعْتَقَلَ, also, (Msb,) His tongue was withheld, or restrained, (Mgh, Msb, TA,) from speaking; (Mgh, Msb;) he was unable to speak. (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K.) b4: [Hence,] اعتقل الشَّاةَ He put the hind legs of the ewe, or she-goat, between his shank and his thigh, (S, O, K,) to milk her, (S, O,) or and so milked her. (K.) And اعتقل رُمْحَهُ He put his spear between his shank and his stirrup [or stirrup-leather]: (S, O, K:) or he (a man riding) put his spear beneath his thigh, and dragged the end of it upon the ground behind him. (IAth, TA.) And اعتقل الرَّحْلَ, and ↓ تعقّلهُ; (O;) or اعتقل الرِّجْلَ, (O, K,) accord. to one relation of a verse of Dhu-rRummeh, (O,) and ↓ تعقّلها; (K;) He [a man riding upon a camel] folded his leg, and put it upon the مَوْرِك: (O, K, * TA:) in the K, الوَرِك is erroneously put for المَوْرِك: (TA:) the مَوْرِك is before the وَاسِطَة [or upright piece of wood in the fore part] of the camel's saddle: (AO, in TA art. ورك:) and one says also, اعتقل قَادِمَةَ رَحْلِهِ and ↓ تعقّلها; both meaning the same [as above]: (TA:) and السَّرْجَ ↓ تعقّل and اعتقلهُ He folded his leg upon the fore part of the سرج [or saddle of the horse or the like]. (Mgh.) b5: See also 1, latter half, in three places. b6: الاِعْتِقَالُ also signifies The inserting a سَيْر [or narrow strip of skin or leather], when sewing a skin, beneath a سَيْر, in order that it may become strong, and that the water may not issue from it. (AA, O.) A2: and one says, اعتقل مِنْ دَمِ فُلَانٍ, (O, K,) and مِنْ طَائِلَتِهِ, (O,) meaning He took, or received, the عَقْل, (O, K, TA,) i. e. the mulct for the blood of such a one. (TA.) 10 إِسْتَعْقَلَ [استعقلهُ He counted, accounted, or esteemed, him عَاقِل, i. e. intelligent, &c.: for] you say of a man, يُسْتَعْقَلُ [from العَقْلُ], like as you say يُسْتَحْمَقُ [from الحُمْقُ], and يُسْتَرْأَى from الرِّئَآءُ. (AA, S in art. رأى.) عَقْلٌ an inf. n. used as a subst. [properly so termed], (Msb,) A bloodwit, or mulct for bloodshed; syn. دِيَةٌ; (As, S, Mgh, O, Msb, K;) so called for a reason mentioned in the first paragraph in the explanation of the phrase عَقَلْتُ القَتِيلَ; (As, S, Mgh, * O, Msb;) as also ↓ مَعْقُلَةٌ, (S, Mgh, O, K,) of which ↓ مِعْقَلَةٌ, with fet-h to the ق, is a dial. var., mentioned in the R; (TA;) and of which the pl. is مَعَاقِلُ: (S, O, K:) one says, ↓ لَنَاعِنْدَ فُلَانٍ ضَمَدٌ مِنْ مَعْقُلَةٍ i. e. We have a remainder of a bloodwit owed to us by such a one. (S, O.) And الأُولَى ↓ هُمْ عَلَى مَعَاقِلِهِمِ They are [acting] in conformity with [the usages relating to] the bloodwits that were in the Time of Ignorance; (K, TA;) or meaning عَلَى مَا كَانُوا يَتَعَاقَلُونَ عَلَيْهِ [expl. above (see 6)]: (S, O:) or they are [acting] in conformity with the conditions of their fathers; (K, TA;) but the former is the primary meaning: (TA:) and [hence]

عَلَى قَوْمِهِ ↓ صَارَ دَمُ فُلَانٍ مَعْقُلَةً The blood of such a one became [the occasion of] a debt incumbent on his people, or party, (S, O, K, *) to be paid by them from their possessions. (S, O.) A2: And as being originally the inf. n. of عَقَلَ in the phrase عَقَلَ الشَّىْءَ meaning [فَهِمَهُ or] تَدَبَّرَهُ; (Msb;) or as originally meaning المَنْعُ, because it withholds, or restrains, its possessor from doing that which is not suitable; or from المَعْقِلُ as meaning “ the place to which one has recourse for protection &c.,” because its possessor has recourse to it; (TA;) العَقْلُ signifies also Intelligence, understanding, intellect, mind, reason, or knowledge; syn. الحَجْرُ, (S, O,) and النُّهَى, (S,) or النُّهْيَةُ, (O,) or الحِجَا, and اللُّبُّ, (Msb,) or العِلْمُ, (K,) or the contr. of الحُمْقُ; (M, TA;) or the knowledge of the qualities of things, of their goodness and their badness, and their perfectness and their defectiveness; or the knowledge of the better of two good things, and of the worse of two bad things, or of affairs absolutely; or a faculty whereby is the discrimination between the bad and the good; (K, TA;) but these and other explanations of العَقْل in the K are all in treatises of intellectual things, and not mentioned by the leading lexicologists; (TA; [in which are added several more explanations of a similar kind that have no proper place in this work;]) some say that it is an innate property by which man is prepared to understand speech; (Msb;) the truth is, that it is a spiritual light, (K, TA,) shed into the heart and the brain, (TA,) whereby the soul acquires the instinctive and speculative kinds of knowledge, and the commencement of its existence is on the occasion of the young's becoming in the fætal state, [or rather of its quickening,] after which it continues to increase until it becomes complete on the attainment of puberty, (K, TA,) or until the attainment of forty years: (TA:) the pl. is عُقُولٌ: (K:) Sb mentions عَقْلٌ as an instance of an inf. n. having a pl., namely, عُقُولٌ; like شُغْلٌ and مَرَضٌ: (TA in art. مرض:) IAar says, (O,) العَقْلُ is [syn. with] القَلْبُ, and القَلْبُ is [syn. with] العَقْلُ: (O, K:) and ↓ المَعْقُولُ is [said to be] a subst., or name, for العَقْلُ, like المَجْلُودُ and المَيْسُورُ for الجَلَادَةُ and اليُسْرُ: (Har p. 12:) it is said in a prov., ↓ مَا لَهُ جُولٌ وَلَا مَعْقُولٌ, (Meyd, and Har ubi suprà,) meaning He has not strong purpose of mind, [to withhold, or protect, him,] like the جول [or casing] of the well of the collapsing whereof one is free from fear because of its firmness, nor intellect, or intelligence, (عَقْل,) to withhold him from doing that which is not suitable to the likes of him. (Meyd. [But see مَعْقُولٌ below.]) [Hence, أَسْنَانُ العَقْلِ (see 1 in art. حنك) and أَضْرَاسُ العَقْلِ (see ضِرْسٌ), both meaning The wisdom-teeth.]

A3: [It is said that]

عَقْلٌ also signifies A fortress; syn. حِصْنٌ. (K.) [But this seems to be doubtful.] See مَعْقِلٌ.

A4: And A sort of red cloth (S, O, K) with which the [women's camel-vehicle called] هَوْدَج is covered: (K:) or a sort of what are called بُرُود [pl. of بُرْدٌ, q. v.] or a sort of figured cloth, (K,) or, as in the M, of red figured cloth: (TA:) or such as is figured with long forms. (Har p. 416.) عُقْلَةٌ A bond like the عِقَال [q. v.]: or a shackle. (Har p. 199.) b2: [Hence it seems to signify An impediment of any kind.] One says, بِهِ عُقْلَةٌ مِنَ السِّحْرِ وَقَدْ عُمِلَتْ لَهُ نُشْرَةٌ [app. meaning In him is an impediment arising from enchantment, and a charm, or an amulet, has been made for him]. (S, O.) b3: And A [mode of] twisting one's leg with another's in wrestling. (TA.) See 1, latter half. b4: And A twisting of the tongue when one desires to speak. (Mbr, TA in art. حبس.) b5: And, in the conventional language of the geomancers, (O, K,) it consists of A unit and a pair and a unit, (O,) the sign ??: (K, TA:) also called ثِقَافٌ. (O, TA.) عَقْلِىٌّ Intellectual, as meaning of, or relating to, the intellect.]

عِقَالٌ A rope with which a camel's fore shank is bound to his arm, both being folded together and bound in the middle of the arm: pl. عُقُلٌ. (S, O, Msb.) [See also شِكَالٌ.] b2: And The poor-rate (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K) of a year, (S, Mgh, O, K,) consisting of camels and of sheep or goats. (K.) [See a verse cited in the first paragraph of art. سعو and سعى.] One says, عَلَى بَنِى فُلَانٍ عِقَالَانِ On the sons of such a one lies a poor-rate of two years. (S, O.) And hence the saying of Aboo-Bekr, لَوْ مَنَعُونِى عِقَالًا (Mgh, O, Msb) If they refused me a year's poor-rate: (Mgh, O:) and it is said that the phrase أَخَذَ عِقَالًا was used when the collector of the poor-rate took the camels themselves, not their price: (TA:) or Aboo-Bekr meant a rope of the kind above mentioned; (Mgh, O, Msb;) for when one gave the poor-rate of his camels, he gave with them their عُقُل: (O, Msb:) or (Mgh, TA) he meant thereby a paltry thing, (Mgh, Msb, TA,) of the value of the [rope called] عقال: (TA:) or he said عَنَاقًا [“ a she-kid ”]; (Mgh, TA;) so accord. to Bkh, (Mgh,) and most others: (TA:) or جُدَيًّا [“ a little kid ”]. (Mgh, TA.) b3: Also A young [she-camel such as is called] قَلُوص. (K.) b4: عِقَالُ المِئِينَ meansThe man of high rank who, when he has been made a prisoner, is ransomed with hundreds of camels. (K.) عَقُولٌ A medicine that binds, confines, or astringes, the belly [or bowels]; (S, O, Msb;) as also ↓ عَاقُولٌ; contr. of حَادُورٌ. (A in art. حدر.) A2: See also عَاقِلٌ, latter half, in two places.

عَقِيلَةٌ A woman of generous race, (S, O, K,) modest, or bashful, (S, O,) that is kept behind the curtain, (K,) held in high estimation: (TA:) the excellent of camels, (Az, S, O, K,) and of other things: (Az, TA:) or the most excellent of every kind of thing: (S, O, K:) and the chief of a people: (K:) the first is the primary signification: then it became used as meaning the excel-lent of any kind of things, substantial, and also ideal, as speech, or language: pl. عَقَائِلُ. (TA.) And العَقِيلَةُ: (K,) or عَقِيلَةُ البَحْرِ, (S, O, TA,) signifies The pearl, or large pearl: (S, O, K, * TA: *) or the large and clear pearl: or, accord. to IB, the pearl, or large pearl, in its shell. (TA.) إِبِلٌ عُقَيْلِيَّةٌ Certain hardy, excellent, highly esteemed, camels, of Nejd. (Msb.) عُقَّالٌ A limping, or slight lameness, syn. ظَلَعٌ, (so in copies of the S,) or ضَلَعٌ [which is said to signify the same, or correctly to signify a natural crookedness], (so in other copies of the S and in the O,) which occurs in the legs of a beast: (S, O:) or a certain disease in the hind leg of a beast, such that, when he goes along, he limps, or is slightly lame, for a while, after which he stretches forth; (K, TA;) accord. to A'Obeyd, (TA,) peculiar to the horse; (K, TA;) but it mostly occurs in sheep or goats. (TA.) b2: دَآءٌ ذُو عُقَّالٍ

A disease of which one will not be cured. (TA.) A2: عُقَّالُ الكَلَأِ Three herbs that remain after having been cut, which are the سَعْدَانَة and the حُلَّب and the قُطْبَة. (TA.) A3: And عَقَاقِيلُ, [a pl.] of which the sing. is not mentioned, [perhaps pl. of عُقَّالٌ, but in two senses a pl. of عَقَنْقَلٌ,] signifies The portions of a grape-vine that are raised and supported upon a trellis or the like. (TA.) عُقَّيْلَى Grapes in their first, sour, state. (O, K.) أَخَذَهُ العِقِّيلَى i. q. شَغْزَبَهُ and شَغْرَبَهُ. (Az, TA in art. شغزب.) عَاقِلٌ [act. part. n. of عَقَلَ: and as such,] The payer of a bloodwit: pl. [or rather coll. gen. n.]

↓ عَاقِلَةٌ: (Msb:) the latter is an epithet in which the quality of a subst. predominates; (TA;) and signifies a man's party (S, Mgh, O, K, TA) who league together to defend one another, (S, O, K, TA,) consisting of the relations on the father's side, (S, Mgh, * O, TA,) who pay the bloodwit (S, Mgh, O, TA) [app. in conjunction with the slayer] for him who has been slain unintentionally: (S, O, TA:) it was decided by the Prophet that it was to be paid in three years, to the heirs of the person slain: (TA:) they look to the offender's brothers on the father's side, who, if they take it upon them, pay it in three years: if they do not take it upon them, the debt is transferred to the sons [meaning all the male descendants] of his grandfather; and in default of their doing so, to those of his father's grandfather; and in default of their doing so, to those of his grandfather's grandfather; and so on: it is not transferred from any one of these classes unless they are unable [to pay it]: and such as are enrolled in a register [of soldiers or pensioners or any corporation] are alike in respect of the bloodwit: (IAth, TA:) or, accord. to the people of El-'Irák, it means the persons enrolled in the registers [of soldiers or of others]: (S, O:) or it is applied to the persons of the register which was that of the slayer; who derive their subsistence-money, or allowances, from the revenues of a particular register: (Mgh:) Ahmad Ibn-Hambal is related to have said to Is-hák Ibn-Mansoor, it is applied to the tribe (قَبِيلَة) [of the slayer]; but that they bear responsibility [only] in proportion to their ability; and that if there is no عَاقِلَة, it [i. e. the bloodwit] is not to be from the property of the offender; but Is-hák says that in this case it is to be from the treasury of the state, the bloodwit not being [in any case] made a thing of no account: (TA:) the pl. of عَاقِلَةٌ thus applied is عَوَاقِلُ. (Msb.) A2: عَاقِلٌ also signifies Having, or possessing, عَقْل [i. e. intelligence, understanding, &c.; or intelligent, &c.; a rational being]; (S, O, Msb, K;) and so ↓ عَقُولٌ, (S, O, K,) or this latter has an intensive signification [i. e. having much intelligence &c.]: (TA: [see an ex. in a saying cited voce أَبْلَهُ, in art. بله:]) the former is expl. by some as applied to a man who withholds, or restrains, and turns back, his soul from its inclinations, or blamable inclinations: (TA:) and it is likewise applied to a woman, as also عَاقِلَةٌ: (Msb:) the pl. masc. is عُقَّالٌ and عُقَلَآءُ, (Msb, K,) this latter pl. sometimes used; and the pl. fem. is عَوَاقِلُ and عَاقِلَاتٌ. (Msb.) b2: عَاقِلٌ is also applied to a mountaingoat, as an epithet, signifying That protects himself in his mountain from the hunter: (TA:) [and in like manner ↓ عَقُولٌ is said by Freytag to be used in the Deewán of Jereer.] And it is [also] a name for A mountain-goat, (S, O,) or a gazelle; (K;) because it renders itself inaccessible in a high mountain. (S, O, K. *) b3: And عَاقِلَةٌ signifies A female comber of the hair. (S, O.) عَاقِلَةٌ, as a coll. gen. n.: see عَاقِلٌ; of which it is also fem.

عَاقُولٌ: see عَقُولٌ.

A2: Also A bent portion, (S, O,) or place of bending, (K,) of a river, and of a valley, (S, O, K,) and of sand: (S, O:) pl. عَوَاقِيلُ: or the عَوَاقِيل of valleys are the angles, in the places of bending, thereof; and the sing. is عَاقُولٌ. (TA.) b2: And The main of the sea: or the waves thereof. (K.) b3: And A land in which (so in copies of the K, but in some of them to which,) one will not find the right way, (K, TA,) because of its many places of winding. (TA.) b4: [Hence,] عَوَاقِيلُ الأُمُورِ What are confused and dubious of affairs. (S, O, K. *) b5: And [hence] one says, إِنَّهُ لَذُو عَوَاقِيلَ, meaning Verily he is an author, or a doer, of evil. (TA.) A3: Also A certain plant, (O, K,) well known, (K,) not mentioned by AHn (O, TA) in the Book of Plants; (TA;) [the prickly hedysarum; hedysarum alhagi of Linn.; common in Egypt, and there called by this name; fully described by Forskål in his Flora Aegypt. Arab., p. 136;] it has thorns; camels pasture upon it; and [hence] it is called شَوْكُ الجِمَالِ; it grows upon the dykes and the تُرَع [or canals for irrigation]; and has a violetcoloured flower. (TA.) [See also تَرَنْجُبِينٌ; and see حَاجٌ, in art. حيج.]

عَنْقَلٌ: see the next paragraph.

عَقَنْقَلٌ A great كَثِيب [i. e. hill, or heap, or oblong or extended gibbous hill,] of intermingled sands: (S, O:) or a كَثِيب that is accumulated (K, TA) and intermingled: or a حَبْل [or long and elevated tract] of sand, having winding portions, and حِرَف [app. meaning ridges], and compacted: (TA:) accord. to El-Ahmar, it is the largest quantity of sand; larger than the كَثِيب: (S voce لَبَبٌ:) pl. عَقَاقِلُ (S, O) and عَقَاقِيلُ (O) and عَقَنْقَلَاتٌ. (TA.) b2: And A great, wide, valley: (K:) pl. عَقَاقِلُ and عَقَاقِيلُ. (TA.) b3: Also, (S, O, K,) sometimes, (S, O,) and ↓ عَنْقَلٌ, (O, K,) The مَصَارِين [or intestines into which the food passes from the stomach], (S, O,) or قَانِصَة [which here probably signifies the same], (K,) of a [lizard of the species called] ضَبّ: (S, O, K:) or the [portion of fat termed] كُشْيَة of the ضَبّ. (TA.) أَطْعِمْ أَخَاكَ مِنْ عَقَنْقَلِ الضَّبِّ [Give thy brother to eat of the intestines, &c., of the dabb: or, as some relate it, مِنْ كُشْيَةِ الضَّبِّ:] is a prov., said in urging a man to make another to share in the means of subsistence; or, accord. to some, denoting derision. (TA.) b4: Also A [drinking-cup, or bowl, of the kind called] قَدَح. (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K.) b5: And A sword. (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K.) أَعْقَلُ, applied to a camel, Having what is termed عَقَلٌ, i. e. a twisting in the hind leg, &c.: (S, O, K: [see the last portion of the first paragraph:]) fem. عَقْلَآءُ, applied to a she-camel. (S, K.) A2: [Also More, and most, عَاقِل, or intelligent, &c.]

مَعْقِلٌ A place to which one betakes himself for refuge, protection, preservation, covert, or lodging; syn. مَلْجَأٌ; (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K;) as also ↓ عَقْلٌ, (S, O, K,) of which the pl. is عُقُولٌ: (S, O:) but Az says that he had not heard عَقْل in this sense on any authority except that of Lth; and held العُقُولُ, which is cited as an ex. of its pl., to signify “ the protecting oneself in a mountain: ” (TA:) and مَعْقِلٌ signifies also a fortress; [like as عَقْلٌ is said to do;] syn. حِصْنٌ: (Mgh:) the pl. is مَعَاقِلُ. (TA.) Hence one says, using it metaphorically, هُوَ مَعْقِلُ قَوْمِهِ (tropical:) He is the refuge of his people: and the kings of Himyer are termed in a trad. مَعَاقِلُ الأَرْضِ, meaning The fortresses [or refuges] of the land. (TA.) b2: [It is perhaps primarily used in relation to camels; for] مَعَاقِلُ الإِبِلِ means The places in which the camels are bound with the rope called عِقَال. (TA.) مَعْقُلَةٌ and مَعْقَلَةٌ; and the pl.: see عَقْلٌ, first quarter, in five places. b2: [It seems to be implied in the S and O that the former signifies also Places that retain the rain-water.]

تَمْرٌ مَعْقِلِىٌّ, (Mgh, Msb,) or رُطَبٌ مَعْقِلِىٌّ, (S,) A certain sort of dates, (Mgh, * Msb,) [or fresh ripe dates,] of El-Basrah: (Msb:) so called in relation to Maakil Ibn-Yesár. (S, Mgh, Msb.) مُعَقَّلَةٌ is applied to camels (إِبِلٌ) as meaning Bound with the rope called عِقَال. (O, TA.) and also to a she-camel bound therewith on the occasion of her being covered: and hence the epithet مُعَقَّلَاتٌ is applied by a poet, metonymically, to women, in a similar sense. (TA.) مَعْقُولٌ [pass. part. n. of عَقَلَ in all its senses as a trans. verb. b2: Hence it signifies Intellectual, as meaning perceived by the intellect; and excogitated: thus applied as an epithet to any branch of knowledge that is not necessarily مَنْقُولٌ, which means “ desumed,” such as the science of the fundamentals of religion, and the like. b3: Hence also, Intelligible. b4: And Approved by the intellect; or reasonable.

A2: It is also said to be an inf. n.]: see 1, latter half. b2: And see عَقْلٌ, latter half, in two places.

مَعْقُولَاتٌ Intellectual things, meaning things perceived by the intellect: generally used in this sense in scientific treatises. b2: And hence, Intel-ligible things. b3: And Things approved by the intellect; or reasonable.]

عدم

1 عَدِمَهُ, with kesr to the د, (S, MA, Msb, K, &c.,) aor. ـَ (S,) inf. n. عَدَمٌ, (S, MA, Msb, K,) which is anomalous [as the verb is trans.], (S,) and عُدْمٌ, (S, MA, K,) or the latter is a simple subst., (Msb,) He had it not, was destitute of it, was without it, lacked it, wanted it, found it not, or lost it; (S, * MA, Msb, * K; *) syn. فَقَدَهُ, (S, Msb, K; *) or لَمْ يَجِدْهُ; so says Ibn-El-Kemál in the Exposition of the Hidáyeh. (TA.) And عَدِمْتُ فُلَانًا [I wanted, or lost, such a one]. (TA.) And عُدِمَ, [inf. n. عَدَمٌ,] It lacked, wanted, was wanting, was not found, did not exist, or was lost; syn. فُقِدَ. (AHát, Msb.) [See also عَدَمٌ below.] b2: لَا يَعْدَمُنِى هٰذَا الأَمْرُ means مَا يَعْدُونِى [i. e. This thing, or affair, does not pass from me]. (S, K, TA. [In the CK, erroneously, ما يُعْدِمُنِى.]) A2: عَدِمَ as intrans.: see the next paragraph, last sentence.

A3: عَدُمَ, (K, TA,) inf. n. عَدَامَةٌ, (TA,) He was, or became, foolish, or stupid; (K, TA;) being destitute of intellect, or understanding. (TA.) 4 اعدمهُ is syn. with أَفْقَدَهُ [meaning He made him to lack, want, or lose, it, or him]: (AHát, Msb:) and has a second objective complement: one says, لَا أَعْدَمَنِى اللّٰهُ فَضْلَهُ [May God not make me to lack, want, or lose, his bounty]: (Msb:) or لَا أَعْدَمَنِى فَضْلَكَ May He (i. e. God) not make thy bounty to depart from me: and اعدمنى اللّٰهُ فُلَانًا [God made me to lack, want, or lose, such a one]. (TA.) b2: And He denied him, or refused him, (Az, MA, K, TA,) what he sought, (Az, TA,) or a thing. (MA.) b3: And He rendered him poor, needy, or destitute: (S, * K, * TA: [in the S, this meaning seems to be indicated by the context; but in the K, the context seems rather to indicate the first of the meanings expl. in this paragraph:]) in this sense, said of God. (S, K, TA) b4: أَعْدَمَنِى الشَّىْءُ means [app. The thing excited my want, or made me to want it; and hence, the thing was not found by me; or] I did not find the thing. (K.) b5: [and اعدمهُ signifies also He made it to have no existence; to be non-existent; or he annihilated it; or did away with it; agreeably with explanations of the inf. n. (إِعْدَامٌ) in the KL and PS &c., and with present usage.]

A2: اعدم as intrans., (Kr, S, Msb, K,) inf. n. إِعْدَامٌ and ↓ عُدْمٌ, (Kr, K, TA,) like إِيسَارٌ and يُسْرٌ as inf. ns. of أَيْسَرَ, and إِعْسَارٌ and عُسْرٌ as of أَعْسَرَ, and إِفْحَاشٌ and فُحْشٌ as of أَفْحَشَ, or rather the latter in every one of these instances is a simple subst., as ISd says, (TA,) signifies He (a man, S) was, or became, poor, needy, or destitute; (Kr, S, Msb, K;) as also ↓ عَدِمَ. (TA.) 7 انعدم in the phrase of the Muslim theologians وُجِدَ الشَّىْءُ فَانْعَدَمَ [meaning The thing existed, and became non-existent,] is a barbarism. (K, * TA.) عُدْمٌ: see the next paragraph.

عَدَمٌ and ↓ عُدْمٌ are inf. ns. of the trans. verb عَدِمَ, (S, M, K,) or the latter is a simple subst., (Msb,) and each signifies, as also ↓ عُدُمٌ, Lack, or want, as meaning non-possession; or loss; [of a thing, and of a quality, or faculty, &c.;] and by predominance of application, lack, &c., of property or wealth; (K, TA;) and departure thereof; and paucity thereof; (TA;) or poverty, neediness, or destitution. (S in explanation of the first and second; respecting the latter of which, see 4, last sentence.) [Also Non-performance of an act; and non-observance of a duty &c. and Lack, or want, as meaning non-existence; and absence; or the state of being lost.]

عَدِمٌ: see عَدِيمٌ.

عُدُمٌ: see عَدَمٌ.

أَرْضٌ عَدْمَآءُ Land such as is termed بَيْضَآءُ; (K, TA;) i. e., without, as though [meaning] lacking, plants, or herbage. (TA.) b2: And شَاةٌ عَدْمَآءُ A sheep, or goat, of which the head is white and the rest differing therefrom. (K.) عَدَامٌ: see عَدَائِمُ.

عَدِيمٌ Not having, being without, lacking, wanting, not finding, or having lost: one says, هُوَ عَدِيمُ النَّظِيرِ He is one not having, without, lacking, &c., the likes [or like]; and عَدِيمُ المَعْرُوفِ [destitute of goodness, gentleness, beneficence, &c.]: and هِىَ عَدِيمَةُ المَعْرُوفِ [She is destitute of goodness, &c.]. (TA.) b2: And Poor, needy, or destitute; (S, Msb, K;) as also ↓ عَدِمٌ, (K,) and ↓ مُعْدِمٌ, (S,) and ↓ مَعْدُومٌ, (Msb, TA,) which last occurs in a trad. as meaning the poor who has become, by reason of the pressure of his want, as though himself were not existing, or lost: عَدِيمٌ signifies having no property; as also ↓ مُعْدِمٌ: and having nothing: it is of the measure فَعِيلٌ in the sense of the measure فَاعِلٌ: and its pl. is عُدَمَآءُ; erroneously said in the K to be pl. of عَدِمٌ. (TA.) b3: Also Stupid; foolish; (K, TA;) destitute of intellect, or understanding. (TA.) And Insane; demented. (IAar, Az, K, * TA.) عَدَائِمُ, (K, and so in copies of the S) or ↓ عَدَامٌ, (so accord. to other copies of the S,) A sort of fresh ripe dates found in El-Medeeneh, (S, K,) that are late [in ripening], (K,) or that come the last of fresh ripe dates. (S.) مُعْدِمٌ: see عَدِيمٌ, in two places.

مَعْدُومٌ [Lacking, wanting, not found, not existing, or lost: see عُدِمَ, of which it is the part. n.]. b2: يَكْسِبُ المَعْدُومَ means He is fortunate, or possessed of good fortune; [properly,] he attains what others are denied. (K.) It is said in a trad., إِنَّكَ لَتَكْسِبُ المَعْدُومَ وَتُطْعِمُ المَأْدُومَ. (M and TA in art. ادم: expl. voce أَدِيمٌ.) b3: See also عَدِيمٌ.

عوه

1 عَاهَ المَالُ, (K, TA,) aor. ـُ (TA,) and يَعِيهُ, (K, TA,) inf. n. عَاهَةٌ and هُوهٌ and عُوُوةٌ (TA) and عَيْةٌ, (CK, [the only inf. n. there mentioned, and not in my MS. copy of the K nor in the TA,]) The مال [meaning camels, or cattle,] became smitten with what is termed عَاهَة [i. e. a bane, disease, pest, or murrain]; (K, TA;) as also عِيهَ. (TA.) And in like manner, عاه الزَّرْعُ, aor. ـُ and يَعِيهُ; (TA;) or عِيهَ, like إِيفَ; (S;) or عَيِهَ, of the class of تَعِبَ; (Msb; [but this I find not elsewhere, and it is app. a mistake for the well-known form عِيهَ;]) The زرع [or Seedproduce] became smitten with what is termed عَاهَة [i. e. a bane, blight, blast, taint, canker, or the like]; (S, Msb, TA:) as also ↓ أَعَاهَ. (TA.) 2 عَوَّهَ see 4.

A2: تَْوِيهٌ also signifies The alighting in the last part of the night (S, K, TA) for rest; (so in a copy of the S:) syn. with تَعْريسٌ: (S, TA:) or both of these words signify [the taking] a slight sleep on the occasion of the morning-rest. (Lth, TA.) b2: And The confining oneself in a place. (K.) You say of any one عَوَّهَ meaning He confined himself in a place: (S:) or he remained, staged, or abode. (Az, TA,) A3: and The calling a young ass by saying عَوْهِ عَوْهِ. (K, TA.) You say, عَوَّهَ بِهِ, inf. n. تَعْوِيةٌ, He called him to come up with him. (TA.) And عَيَّه بِالرَّجُلِ He called, or called out, to the man. (TA.) 4 أَعَاهُوا and أَعْوَهُوا, (S, Msb, K,) the latter mentioned by El-Umawee, (S,) and ↓ عِوّهوا. (IAar, K,) They had their cattle, (S, Msb, K,) or their seed-produce, (K,) or their fruits, (TA,) smitten with what is termed عَاهَة [i. e. a bane, such as a disease, pest, or murrain, or a blight, blast, taint, canker, or the like]. (S, Msb, K, TA.) b2: See also 1.

عَاهٌ; pl. عَاهُونَ: see عَائِهٌ.

عَاهِ عَاهِ A cry by which camels are chidden in order that they may confine themselves to a spot; as also عِيهِ عِيهِ; (K, TA;) and عَهْ عَهْ. (TA.) عَوْهِ عَوْهِ A cry by which a young ass is called. (K, TA.) عَاهَةٌ, in which the ا is substituted for ى accord. to some, and for و accord. to others, (Msb, * TA,) is originally of the measure فَعَلَةٌ, with fet-h to the ع, (Msb,) and is syn. with آفَةٌ [signifying A bane; such as a disease, pest, or murrain; (tropical:) and a blight, blast, taint, canker, or the like: see 1, in two places]. (S, Msb, K, TA.) It is said in a trad., لَا يُورِدَنَّ ذُو عَاهَةٍ عَلَي مُصِحٍّ i. e. One whose camels are affected with a bane, such as mange &c., shall not bring them to water immediately after one whose camels are in a healthy, or sound, state. (TA. [See also art. صح.]

رَجُلٌ عَائِهٌ and ↓ عَاهٌ are like مَائِهٌ and مَاهٌ, and رَجُلٌ عاه is like كَبْشٌ ضانٌ [so in my original, but correctly عَائِهٌ and ضَائِنٌ: both app. mean A man having some moral bane or malady]: accord. to IAar, عَاهُونَ [the pl. of عَاهٌ] signifies persons having in them what occasions suspicion, and what is evil, or corrupt. (TA.) عَائِهَةٌ A raising of the voice, calling or calling out, or doing so vehemently: (K:) a word from which they form no derivative. (Sgh, TA.) مَعُوةٌ and مَعِيةٌ Smitten with what is termed عَاهَة [expl. above]: (Msb, TA:) applied to مَال [i. e. camels, or cattle]: (TA:) and to زَرْع [or seed-produce]; (Msb, TA;) as also معهوه [so in my original, a mistranscription for ↓ مَعْيُوهٌ]: and to a man, as meaning smitten therewith فِي نَفْسِهِ, [in himself] and فِي مَالِهِ [in his camels, or cattle]: and in like manner مَعُوةٌ applied to طَعَام [or food]: (TA:) and ↓ مَعْيُوهَةٌ applied to a land (أَرْض), (S, K,) meaning having what is termed عَاهَة. (K.) مَعْوَهَةٌ [A cause of what is termed عَاهَة, q. v.].

طَعَامٌ ذُو مَعْوَهَةٍ means Food that affects him who eats it with what is termed عَاهَة. (IAar, TA.) مُعَوَّةٌ A place in which one remains, stays, or abides. (Az, TA.) مَعْيُوهٌ; and its fem., with ة: see مَعُوهٌ.

حمل

1 حَمَلَهُ, aor. ـِ inf. n. حَمْلٌ (S, Mgh, Msb, K, &c., in some copies of the S حِمْلٌ) and حُمْلَانٌ, (Mgh, K,) He bore it, carried it, took it up and carried it, conveyed it, or carried it off or away, (MA,) عَلَى ظَهْرِهِ (S, MA,) upon his back, or عَلَى رَأْسِهِ upon his head; (MA;) and ↓ احتملهُ signifies the same: (Msb, K:) or the latter is used in relation to an object inconsiderable and small in comparison with that in relation to which the former is used; as in the saying of En-Nábighah, (TA,) إِنَّا اقْتَسَمْنَا خُطَّتَيْنَا بَيْنَنَا فَجَارِ ↓ فَحَمَلْتَ بَرَّةَ وَاحْتَمَلْتُ [Verily we have divided our two qualities between us, and thou hast borne as thy share goodness, and I have borne as my share wickedness]. (TA * in the present art., and S and TA &c. in arts. بر and فجر.) Hence, in the Kur [xx. 100], فَإِنَّهُ يَحْمِلُ يَوْمَ القِيَامَةِ وِزْرًا [He shall bear, on the day of resurrection, a heavy burden]. (TA.) Hence also, in the Kur [vii. 189], حَمَلَتْ حَمْلًا خَفِيفًا [She bore a light burden]; (S, TA;) i. e., [as some say,] the seminal fluid. (TA.) Hence also, in the Kur [xxix. 60], وَكَأَيِّنْ مِنْ دَابَّةٍ لَا تَحْمِلُ رِزْقَهَا [And how many a beast is there that does not bear its sustenance !], meaning, (assumed tropical:) does not provide its sustenance, but is sustained by God. (TA.) يَحْمِلُ الحَطَبَ [lit. He carries firewood], (A in art. حطب,) or الحَطَبَ الرَّطْبَ [juicy, or fresh, firewood], (Er-Rághib, TA,) means (tropical:) he goes about with calumny, or slander. (A in art. حطب, and Er-Rághib * and TA. *) b2: حَمَلَهُ عَلَى الدَّابَّة, (Msb, TA,) aor. ـِ (TA,) inf. n. حَمْلٌ, (Msb, TA,) [He carried him, or mounted him, (namely, a man, Msb) upon the beast; as also ↓ احتملهُ.] And حَمَلَهُ [alone] He gave him a beast upon which to ride. (T, TA. [See Kur ix. 93.]) أَحْمَلَهُ is not used in this sense. (T, TA.) b3: See also 4. b4: حَمَلَتِ المَرْأَةُ, aor. ـِ (K,) inf. n. حَمْلٌ, (TA,) (tropical:) The woman became pregnant, or conceived: (K, TA:) and حَمَلَتْ وَلَدَهَا She became pregnant with, or conceived, her child: (Msb:) one should not say, حَمَلَتْ بِهِ; or this is rare; (K;) or one should not say this, but it is frequently said; (IJ, TA;) [for] as حَمَلَتْ is syn. with عَلِقَتْ, (Msb, TA,) and the latter is trans. by means of بِ the former is thus made trans., (TA,) therefore one says, حَمَلَتْ بِهِ فِى لَيْلَةِ كَذَا وَفِى مَوْضِعِ كَذَا, meaning She became pregnant with him, or conceived him, in such a night, and in such a place. (Msb.) حَمَلَتْ is also said of a ewe or she-goat, and of a female beast of prey, [and app. of any female,] accord. to IAar; meaning (assumed tropical:) She was, or became, in the first stage of pregnancy. (TA.) b5: حَمَلَتِ الشَّجَرَةُ, inf. n. حَمْلٌ, (assumed tropical:) The tree [bore, or] produced, or put forth, its fruit. (Msb.) b6: حَمَلَ بِدَيْنٍ, and بِدِيَةٍ, inf. n. حَمَالَةٌ, (assumed tropical:) [He bore, or took upon himself, the responsibility, or he was, or became, responsible, for a debt, and a bloodwit:] (Msb:) [for] حَمَلَ بِهِ, aor. ـِ inf. n. حَمَالَةٌ, signifies كَفَلَ. (S, * K.) And حَمَلَ الحَمَالَةَ and ↓ تحمّلها (assumed tropical:) [He was, or became, responsible for the bloodwit, or debt or the like]: both signify the same: (S, TA:) and بِهِ ↓ تحمّل (assumed tropical:) He took it upon himself, or became responsible, or answerable, for it: (Msb in art. كفل:) and مُعْظَمَهُ ↓ تحمّل (assumed tropical:) He took, or imposed, upon himself, or undertook, the main part of it: (Jel in xxiv. 11:) and الأَمْرَ ↓ احتمل (assumed tropical:) He took, or imposed, upon himself, or undertook, the thing, or affair; he bore, or took upon himself, the burden thereof. (L in art. قلد.) Yousay, حَمَلَ قَوْمٌ عَنْ قَوْمٍ دِيَةً, (K, TA,) or غَرَامَةً, (TA,) (assumed tropical:) [A party bore, or took upon itself, for a party, the responsibility for a bloodwit, or a debt or the like;] as also ↓ تحمّل. (S.) [And حَمَلَ عَنْ فُلَانٍ لِفُلَانٍ كَذَا (assumed tropical:) He bore, or took upon himself, for such a one, the responsibility, to such a one, for such a thing.] And حَمَالَةً بَيْنَ ↓ تحمّل قَوْمٍ (assumed tropical:) He bore, or took upon himself, the responsibility for the bloodwits between people, in order to make peace between them, when war had occurred between them, and men's blood had been shed. (TA, from a trad.) b7: حَمَلَ ظُلْمًا (assumed tropical:) [He made himself chargeable with wrongdoing]. (Kur xx. 110.) b8: [حَمَلَ الأَمَانَةَ: see أَمَانَةٌ: accord. to some, it means (assumed tropical:) He took upon himself, or accepted, the trust: accord. to others, he was unfaithful to it: and ↓ اِحْتَمَلَهَا means the same.]

b9: حَمَلْتُ إِدْلَالَهُ: see 8. b10: حَمَلَ عَنْهُ: see 8. b11: حَمَلَ فُلَانٌ الحِقْدَ عَلَى فُلَانٍ (assumed tropical:) Such a one [bore or] concealed in his mind rancour, malevolence, malice, or spite, against such a one. (TA.) and فُلَانٌ لَا يَحْمِلُ, i. e. يُظْهِرُ غَضَبَهُ [which may be meant as the explanation of لا يحمل, i. e. (assumed tropical:) Such a one shows (or will not conceal) his anger; and thus SM understood it; or as the explanation of يحمل alone, i. e. such a one will not show his anger]: (Az, TA:) [for] حَمَلَ الغَضَبَ, (K,) aor. ـِ inf. n. حَمْلٌ, (TA,) means (tropical:) he showed, or manifested, anger. (K, TA.) And hence, it is said, is the saying, in a trad., إِذَا بَلَغَ المَآءُ قُلَّتَيْنِ لَمْ يَحْمِلْ خَبَثًا, i. e. (assumed tropical:) [When the water amounts to the quantity of two vessels of the kind called قُلَّة,] impurity does not appear in it: (O, K, * TA:) or the meaning is, (assumed tropical:) it does not admit the bearing of impurity: for one says, فُلَانٌ لَا يَحْمِلُ الضَّيْمَ, i. e. (assumed tropical:) such a one refuses to bear, or submit to, and repels from himself, injury. (Msb.) Yousay also, حَمَلَ مِنْ ذٰلِكَ أَنَفًا (assumed tropical:) He conceived, in consequence of that, disdain, or scorn, arising from indignation and anger. (TA in art. انف, from a trad.) b12: حَمَلَ الحَدِيثَ (assumed tropical:) [He bore in his memory, knowing by heart, the tradition, or narrative, or story; and in like manner, القُرْآنَ the Kur-án]. (Msb in art. روى.) b13: حَمَلَ فُلَانًا, and بِهِ ↓ تحمّل and عَلَيْهِ, (assumed tropical:) He relied upon such a one in intercession, and in a case of need. (TA.) b14: حُمِلَ عَلَى النَّاقَةِ (assumed tropical:) The she-camel was covered by a stallion. (M in art. صمد.) b15: حَمَلَ عَليْهِ [as syn. with حَمَّلَهُ]: see 2, in three places. b16: حَمَلَ عَلَى دَابَّتِهِ فَوْقَ طَاقَتِهَا فِى السَّيْرِ (assumed tropical:) [He tasked his beast beyond its power in journeying, or marching, or in respect of pace]. (S in art. جهد.) and حَمَلَ عَلَى نَفْسِهِ فِى السَّيْرِ (assumed tropical:) He jaded, or fatigued, himself, or tasked himself beyond his power, in journeying, or marching. (S, TA.) [See also 6.]

b17: حَمَلَ عَلَيْهِ فِى الحَرْبِ, inf. n. حَمْلَةٌ [which is properly an inf. n. of un.], (T, S,) (assumed tropical:) He charged, or made an assault or attack, upon him in war, or battle. (TA.) b18: حَمَلْتُ عَلَى بَنِى فُلَانٍ (assumed tropical:) I made mischief, or I excited disorder, disagreement, dissension, or strife, between, or among, the sons of such a one. (Az, S.) b19: حَمَلَهُ عَلَى الأَمْرِ, aor. ـِ (assumed tropical:) He incited, excited, urged, instigated, induced, or made, him to do the thing, or affair. (ISd, K.) b20: [حَمَلَ لَفْظًا عَلَى لَفْظٍ آخَرَ, aor. ـِ inf. n. حَمْلٌ, a phrase often used in lexicology and grammar, (assumed tropical:) He made, or held, a word, or an expression, to accord in form, or in meaning, or syntactically, with another word, or expression. One says, يُحْمَلُ عَلَى الأَكْثَرِ (assumed tropical:) It (a word) is made to accord in form with those words with which it may be compared that constitute the greater number: thus one says of رَحْمَانُ, which is made to accord in form with words of the measure فَعْلَانُ, though it has not a fem. of the measure فَعْلَى, in preference to فَعْلَانٌ, because words of the measure فَعْلَانُ are more numerous than those of the measure فَعْلَانٌ. And يُحْمَلُ عَلَى نَقِيضِهِ (assumed tropical:) It (a word) is made to accord in form with its contrary in meaning: thus عِجَافٌ, an anomalous pl. of أَعْحَفُ, is made to accord. in form with سِمَانٌ, a regular pl. of سَمِينٌ. and يَحمَلُ عَلَى المَعْنَى (assumed tropical:) It (a word) is made to accord syntactically with its meaning: and يُحْمَلُ عَلَى اللَّفْظِ (assumed tropical:) It is made to accord syntactically with its grammatical character: the former is said when, in a sentence, we make a mase. word fem., and the contrary, because the meaning allows us to substitute a fem. syn. for the masc. word, and a masc. syn. for the fem. word: for ex., it is said in the Kur vi. 78, فَلَمَّا رَأَى الشَّمْسَ بَازِغَةً قَالَ هٰذَا رَبِّى “ And when he saw the sun rising, he said, This is my Lord: ” here (by saying بازغة) الشمس is first made to accord syntactically with its grammatical character (تُحْمَلُ عَلَى اللَّفْظِ); and then (by saying هٰذَا instead of هٰذِهِ) it is made to accord syntactically with its meaning (تُحْمَلُ عَلَى المَعْنَى), which is الجِرْم or the like: this is allowable; but the reverse in respect of order is of weak authority; because the meaning is of more importance than the grammatical character of the word. (Collected from the Kull pp. 156 and 157, and other works.)] b21: حَمَلَهُ أَحْسَنَ مَحْيَلٍ (assumed tropical:) [He put the best construction upon it; namely, a saying: محمل being here an inf. n.]. (TA in art. ابو) b22: [حَمَلَهُ عَلَى النَّاسِخِ (assumed tropical:) He attributed it to, or charged it upon, the copyist; namely, a mistake. حُمِلَ علَى النَّاسِخِ, said of a mistake, occurs in the K in art. ربخ b23: عَلَى آخَرَ حَمَلَ شَيْئًا, in logic, means (assumed tropical:) He predicated a thing of another thing.] b24: See also حُمْلَانٌ.2 حمّلهُ الشَّىْءَ, (Msb,) and الرِّسَالَةَ, (S, TA,) inf. n. تَحْمِيلٌ, (TA,) He made him, or constrained him, to bear or carry [the thing, and the message; and in like manner, عَلَيْهِ الشَّىْءَ ↓ حَمَلَ]. (S, Msb, * TA.) [And حمّلهُ, alone, He loaded him; namely, a camel, &c.] You say also, حَمَّلَهُ الأَمْرَ ↓ فَتَحَمَّلَهُ, inf. n. of the former تَحْمِيلٌ and حِمَّالٌ, like كِذَّابٌ, [which is of the dial. of El-Yemen], and of the latter verb تَحَمُّلٌ and تِحِمَّالٌ [like تِكِلَّامٌ &c.], (K,) (assumed tropical:) He imposed upon him the affair, as a task, or in spite of difficulty or trouble or inconvenience, and he undertook it, as a task, &c. (Msb in art. كلف.) And ↓ حَمَّلْتُهُ أَمْرِى فَمَا تَحَمَّلَ (assumed tropical:) [I imposed upon him my affair, as a task, &c., but he did not undertake it]. (TA.) It is said in the Kur [xxiv. 53], فَإِنَّمَا عَلَيْهِ مَا حُمِّلَ وَعَلَيْكُمْ مَا حُمِّلْتُمْ (assumed tropical:) [Upon him rests only that which he has had imposed upon him; and upon you, that which ye have had imposed upon you]: i. e., upon the Prophet rests the declaring of that which has been revealed to him; and upon you, the following him as a guide. (TA.) And رَبَّنَا عَلَى الَّذِينَ مِنْ ↓ عَلَيْنَا إِصْرًا كَمَا حَمَلْتَهُ ↓ تَحْمِلٌ قَبْلِنَا رَبَّنَا وَلَا تُحَمِّلْنَا مَا لَا طَاقَةَ لَنَا بِهِ (assumed tropical:) [O our Lord, and do not Thou impose upon us a burden, like as Thou imposedst it upon those before us: O our Lord, and do not Thou impose upon us that which we have not power to bear]: (Kur ii. last verse:) or, accord. to one reading, تُحَيِّلْ, which has an intensive signification [when followed by على]. (Bd.) b2: [حمّلهُ ذَنْبًا (assumed tropical:) He charged him with a crime, or an offence: see a verse of En-Nábighah cited voce عَرٌّ.]3 حاملهُ [He bore with him a burden]. You say, of a Wezeer, حَامَلَ المَلِكَ أَعْبَآءَ المُلْكِ (assumed tropical:) [He bore with the King the burdens of the regal office]. (A in art. وزر.) [See also 4.] b2: Also (assumed tropical:) He requited him; namely, a man: or, accord. to AA, مُحَامَلَةٌ signifies the requiting with beneficence. (TA.) 4 احملهُ He helped him to bear, or carry, (T, S,) that which he was bearing, or carrying: (T, TA:) or you say, احملهُ الحِيْلَ he helped him to bear, or carry, the load, or burden: and ↓ حَمَلَهُ, i. e. فَعَلَ ذٰلِكَ بِهِ [he did that with him]. (M, O, K.) [See also 3.]

A2: أَحْمَلَتْ She (a woman, S, K, and a camel, S) yielded her milk without being pregnant. (S, K.) 5 تحمّل He took upon himself the bearing, or carrying, of loads, or burdens: this is the primary signification. (Har p. 48.) b2: [Hence, (assumed tropical:) He burdened himself with, or he became, or made himself, chargeable with, or he bore, or took upon himself, the burden of, a sin, or crime, or the like; as also ↓ احتمل:] you say احتمل إِثْمًا meaning تحملّهُ. (Jel in iv. 112 and xxxiii. 58.) And تحمّل غُرْمًا (assumed tropical:) He took, or imposed, upon himself a debt, or fine. (MA.) b3: [And hence, likewise, several other significations:] see 2, in two places: b4: and 8: b5: and 1, in six places. b6: Also He bound the load, or burden, [or the loads, or burdens, on the saddle, or saddles, or on the beast, or beasts;] (Har p. 48;) and ↓ احتيل signifies [the same, or] he put, or placed, the load, or burden, [or the loads, or burdens,] on the saddle, [or saddles, or on the beast, or beasts.] (Har p. 556.) b7: [And hence,] تحمّلوا and ↓ احتملوا (assumed tropical:) They went away, departed, or journeyed. (S, TA.) 6 تحامل عَلَيْهِ [He bore, bore his weight, pressed, or pressed heavily, upon it, or him]. You say, تَحَامَلَ عَلَى رَأْسِ رُمْحِهِ مُعْتَمِدًا عَلَيْهِ لِيَمُوتَ [He bore, bore his weight, pressed, or pressed heavily, upon the head of his spear, leaning upon it, in order that he might die]. (Mgh in art. ركز.) And تَحَامَلْتُ عَلَيْهِ كَالعَاصِرِ [I pressed, or pressed heavily, upon it, like the squeezer of fruit &c.]. (Msb in art. همز.) b2: [Hence,] (assumed tropical:) He wronged him; or treated him wrongfully, or unjustly. (S, Mgh, and Har p. 80.) And it is asserted that one says, تحامل الزَّمَانُ عَنْ فُلَانٍ

meaning (assumed tropical:) Time, or fortune, turned from such a one, and took away his property: and تحامل إِلَيْهِ (assumed tropical:) It became favourable to him. (Har ibid.) b3: [Also] (assumed tropical:) He imposed upon him, or tasked him with, that which he was not able to bear, or to do. (M, O, K.) And تحامل عَلَى نَفْسِهِ, (S, O,) or تحامل فِى الأَمْرِ and بِالأَمْرِ, (M, K,) (assumed tropical:) He imposed upon himself, or tasked himself with, or constrained himself to do, the thing, or affair, notwithstanding difficulty, or trouble, or inconvenience, (S, M, O, K,) and fatigue. (M, TA.) And تَحَامَلْتُ فِى المَشْىِ (assumed tropical:) I constrained myself to walk, notwithstanding difficulty, or trouble, or inconvenience, and fatigue: whence, رُبَّمَا يَتَحَامَلُ الصَّيْدُ وَيَطِيرُ, i. e. (assumed tropical:) Sometimes the game will constrain itself to fly, notwithstanding difficulty, &c., and will fly. (Mgh.) [See also two similar phrases in the first paragraph.] b4: ↓ مُتَحَامَلٌ is used as its inf. n., and also as a noun of place: using it as an inf. n., you say, مَافِى فُلَانٍ مُتَحَامَلٌ i. e. تَحَامُلٌ (assumed tropical:) [There is not, in such a one, wrongdoing, &c.]: and using it of a place, هٰذَا مُتَحَامَلُنَا (assumed tropical:) [This is our place of wrong-doing, or wrongtreatment, &c.]. (S, TA.) 7 انحمل عَلَى الأَمْرِ (assumed tropical:) He was, or became, incited, excited, urged, instigated, induced, or made, to do the thing, or affair. (ISd, K.) 8 احتمل He raised a thing upon his back. (Har p. 41.) b2: See also 1, in five places: and see 5, in three places. b3: (assumed tropical:) He bore, endured, or sustained. (KL.) You say, اِحْتَمَلْتُ مَا كَانَ مِنْهُ (assumed tropical:) [I bore, or endured, what proceeded from him, or what he did or said, or] I forgave what proceeded from him, and feigned myself neglectful of it. (Msb.) And إِدْلَالَهُ ↓ حَمَلْتُ and اِحْتَمَلْتُ (assumed tropical:) [I bore, or endured, his presumptuousness occasioned by his confiding in my love]. (S.) and احتملهُ (assumed tropical:) [He bore with, endured, suffered, or tolerated, him; or] he bore, or endured, his annoyance, or molestation, (احتمل أَذَاهُ,) and feigned himself neglectful of what proceeded from him, and did not reprove him. (Har p. 41.) and احتمل (assumed tropical:) He was forbearing, or clement; he acted with forbearance, or clemency; he treated with forbearance, or clemency, him who reviled him: (TA:) he forgave an offence; as also ↓ تحمّل: (Har p. 637:) and عَنْهُ ↓ حَمَلَ (tropical:) he treated him with forbearance, or clemency. (K, TA.) [and احتمل النِّعْمَة (assumed tropical:) He bore wealth; or he had, or exercised, the quality of doing so; generally meaning, in a becoming, or proper, manner; but also absolutely, as is shown by the phrase] سُوْءُ احْتِمَالِ النِّعْمَةِ (assumed tropical:) [The bearing of wealth ill, or in an evil manner]. (Er-Rághib voce بَطَرٌ.) and احتمل الصَّنِيعَةَ (assumed tropical:) He bore the benefit as a badge, and was thankful, or grateful, for it. (ISd, K.) b4: [In lexicology, said of a word or phrase or sentence, (assumed tropical:) It bore, admitted, or was susceptible of, a meaning, a sense, or an interpretation: and, elliptically, (assumed tropical:) it bore, admitted, or was susceptible of, two, or more, different meanings, senses, or interpretations; it was equivocal.] In the conventional language of the lawyers, and the Muslim theologians [and men of science in general], (Msb,) it is used, (Kull,) or may be used, (Msb,) as importing supposition, and admissibleness, or allowableness; and thus used, it is intrans.: and also as importing necessary implication, and inclusion; and thus used, it is trans.: you say, يَحْتَمِلُ أَنْ يَكُونَ كَذَا (assumed tropical:) [It is supposable, or admissible, or allowable, that it may be thus; or simply it may be thus; as also يُحْتَمَلُ, which is often used in this sense]: and اِحْتَمَلَ الحَالُ وُجُوهًا كَثِيرَةً (assumed tropical:) [The case necessarily implied, or included, many (possible) modes, or manners of being; or admitted of being put, or explained, or understood, in many ways; or bore many kinds of interpretation]. (Msb, Kull.) b5: احتملهُ الغَضَبُ (assumed tropical:) Anger disquieted, or flurried, him. (Mj, TA.) And اُحْتُمِلَ [alone] (assumed tropical:) He was disquieted, or flurried, by anger: (T, TA:) or, accord. to the Mj and M and O; but accord. to the K, followed by لَوْنُهُ; (TA;) (assumed tropical:) he was angry, and his colour changed. (K, TA.) b6: [اِحْتَمَلَتْ She (a woman) used a drug, or the like, in the manner of a suppository in the ragina: so in the present day: and so in the K, on the words قُنَّبِيطٌ and نِفْطٌ &c.] b7: احتمل He bought what is termed حَمِيل, i. e. a thing [in the CK للسَّبْىِ is put for لِلشَّىْءِ] carried from one country or town to another (K, TA) among a party of captives. (TA.) 10 اِسْتَحْمَلْتُهُ signifies سَأَلْتُهُ أَنْ يَحْمِلَنِى [i. e. I asked him to carry me, or to give me a beast on which to ride]. (S.) b2: استحملهُ نَفْسَهُ (assumed tropical:) He imposed upon him his wants and affairs. (M, K.) R. Q. 1 حَوْمَلَ He carried water. (Ibn-'Abbád, K.) حَمْلٌ [inf. n. of 1, q. v. b2: (tropical:) Gestation: see an ex. voce إِنْىٌ. b3: And hence,] (assumed tropical:) The young that is borne in the womb (M, K) of any animal; (M, TA;) and (assumed tropical:) the fruit of a tree, (IDrd, S, M, Msb, K,) as also ↓ حِمْلٌ: (IDrd, S, M, K:) or the former, (assumed tropical:) the thing that is in a belly, or on the head of a tree: (ISk, S, M, Mgh, K:) and ↓ the latter, a thing borne, or carried, (Msb, K,) on the back; [i. e. a load, or burden;] (Msb;) the thing that is on the back or on the head: (ISk, S, M, Mgh, K:) or the former, (assumed tropical:) a burden that is borne internally; as the young in the belly, and the water in the clouds, and the fruit in the tree as being likened to the حَمْل of the woman: and ↓ the latter, a burden that is borne externally; as the thing that is borne on the back: (Er-Rághib, TA:) or [when applied to fruit] the former signifies a fruit that is internal: and ↓ the latter, a fruit that is external: (M, K:) or the former, fruit of a tree when large, or much: and ↓ the latter, fruit when not large, or when not much and large: (K accord. to different copies:) this is the saying of AO, mentioned in the T, in art. شمل, where, in the copies of the T, is found ما لم يكثر, not مالم يكبر: (TA:) and the former also occurs as meaning a burden that requires, for the carrying it, a beast or the hire of a porter: (Mgh:) the pl. [of pauc.] of the latter (Mgh, Msb, K) and of the former (K) is أَحْمَالٌ (S, Mgh, Msb, K) and [the pl. of mult.] (of the former, K, * TA) حِمَالٌ (K) and (of the latter, Msb) حُمُولٌ (Msb, K) and حُمُولَةٌ. (S, M, Mgh, Sgh.) Hence, (in a trad., TA) هٰذَا الحِمَالُ لَاحِمَالُ خَيْبَرَ (assumed tropical:) [This is the fruit: not the fruit of Kheyber]: meaning that it is the fruit of Paradise; and that it does not fail, or come to an end. (M, K.) b4: See also what next follows.

حِمْلٌ: see حَمْلٌ, in five places. b2: حُمُولٌ, (S, M, K,) as pl. of حِمْلٌ, (M, K,) and of ↓ حَمْلٌ also, (K,) signifies likewise [Vehicles of the kind called] هَوَادِج [pl. of هَوْدَجٌ], (M, K,) whether having in them women or not: (M, TA:) or (assumed tropical:) camels upon which are هوادج, (Az, S, M, O, K,) whether there be in them women or not: (Az, S, O:) it is not applied to camels unless they have upon them هوادج. (M, TA.) b3: See also مَحْمِلٌ, and حَمُولَةٌ.

حَمَلٌ A lamb; i. e. the young one of the ewe in the first year; (Mgh, Msb;) i. q. بَرَقٌ; (S;) or خَرُوفٌ [explained in the K in art. خرف as the male young one of the sheep-kind; or such as has pastured, and become strong]: (K, and S and Msb in art. خرف:) or such as is termed جَذَعٌ, [i. e. a year old, or from six to ten months,] of the young of the sheep-kind; and less than this [in age]: (ISd, K:) accord. to Er-Rághib, it signifies مَحْمُولٌ [borne, or carried]; and the young of the sheep-kind is particularly called thus because borne, or carried, on account of its impotence, and of the nearness of the time when its mother was pregnant with it: (TA:) pl. حُمْلَانٌ (S, M, Mgh, Sgh, Msb, K) and أَحْمَالٌ. (M, K.) b2: [Hence,] الحَمَلُ (assumed tropical:) [The sign Aries;] a certain sign of the zodiac; (K;) the first of the signs of the zodiac; (S;) the constellation comprising, first, the شَرَطَانِ, which are its two horns; then, the بُطَيْن; then, the ثُرَيَّا. (T, TA.) One says, مُطِرْنَا بِنَوْءِ الحَمَلِ and بنوء الطَّلِىِّ (assumed tropical:) [We were, or have been, given rain by the auroral setting of Aries: so the pagan Arabs used to say: see نَوْءٌ; and see مَنَازِلُ القَمَرِ, in art. نزل]. (TA.) One says also, هٰذَا حَمَلٌ طَالِعًا (assumed tropical:) [This is Aries, rising]; suppressing the ال, but making the noun to remain determinate; and thus one does in the case of every name of a sign of the zodiac, preserving the ال or suppressing it. (TA.) b3: حَمَلٌ signifies also (tropical:) Clouds containing much water: (M, K, TA:) or black clouds: (T, TA: [see also حَوْمَلٌ, below:]) or, as some say, the rain [supposed to be given] by the نَوْء [see above] of الحَمَل. (TA.) حَمْلَةٌ (assumed tropical:) A charge, or an assault or attack, in war, or battle. (T, K.) حُمْلَةٌ: see what next follows.

حِمْلَةٌ and ↓ حُمْلَةٌ Carriage from one دار [app. here meaning country, or town, or the like,] to another. (K.) حُمْلَانٌ an inf. n. of حَمَلَ [q. v.]. (Mgh, K.) A2: Also A beast upon which a present is borne. (M, Mgh, O, K.) b2: Hire for that which is borne, or carried. (Lth, Mgh, TA.) b3: And, as a conventional term (Mgh, O, K) of the صَاغَة [or workers in gold and silver], (Sgh, K,) Adulterating alloy (غِشّ) that is added to dirhems, or coin (عَلَى الدَّرَاهِمِ ↓ يُحْمَلُ). (Mgh, Sgh, K.) b4: Also pl. of حَمَلٌ [q. v.]. (S, M, &c.) حَمَالٌ or حِمَالٌ: see حَمَالَةٌ.

حَمُولٌ (assumed tropical:) Forbearing, or clement. (M, K.) حَمِيلٌ i. q. ↓ مَحْمُولٌ [Borne, carried, taken up and carried, conveyed, or carried off or away]. (Msb, K.) b2: Hence, (Msb,) The rubbish, or rotten leaves, and scum, that are borne of a torrent. (S, Msb, K. *) b3: A thing [شَىْء, accord. to copies of the K and the TA, but accord. to the CK سَبْى, agreeably with the next of the explanations here following,] that is carried from one country or town to another (K, TA) among a party of captives. (TA.) b4: A captive; because carried from one country or town to another. (Msb.) b5: One who is carried a child from his country, not born in [the territory of] El-Islám: (S, O:) or one who is carried from his country to the country of El-Islám: or a child with a woman who carries it, and says that it is her son: or any relation, or kinsman, in the territory of the enemy: (Mgh:) or one that is carried from the territory of the unbelievers to that of ElIslám, and who is therefore not allowed to inherit without evidence: (Th, TA:) or a child in the belly of his mother when taken from the land of the unbelievers. (K.) b6: A foundling, or child cast out by his mother, whom persons carry off and rear: (K:) in some copies of the K, فَيَرِثُونَهُ is erroneously put for فَيُرَبُّونَهُ. (TA.) b7: (assumed tropical:) One whose origin, or lineage, is suspected; or who claims for his father one who is not; or who is claimed as a son by one who is not his father; syn. دَعِىٌّ. (S, Msb, K.) b8: (assumed tropical:) A stranger: (K:) as being likened to [the حَمِيل of] the torrent, or to the child in the belly. (Er-Rághib, TA.) b9: (assumed tropical:) One who is responsible, or a surety, (S, Msb, K,) for (بِ) a debt or a bloodwit; as also ↓ حَامِلٌ: (Msb:) because he bears [or is burdened with] the obligation, together with him upon whom the obligation properly rests. (TA.) b10: (assumed tropical:) What is withered and black of the ثُمَام and وَشِيج (K, TA) and ضَعَة and طَرِيفَة. (TA.) b11: (assumed tropical:) The [thong called] شِرَاك [of a sandal]. (O, K.) In one copy of the K, الشريك is put in the place of الشراك. (TA.) حَمَالَةٌ A bloodwit, (S, K, TA,) or a debt, an obligation, or a responsibility, that must be paid, discharged, or performed, taken upon himself by a person, (S, TA,) or taken upon themselves by a party of men, (K, TA,) for others; (S, K, TA;) as also ↓ حَمَالٌ, accord. to the T and M; or ↓ حِمَالٌ, accord. to the K: (TA:) or a responsibility which one takes upon himself for a debt or a bloodwit: pl. حَمَالَاتٌ: (Msb:) the pl. of حمال is حُمُلٌ. (K.) حِمَالَةٌ The occupation, or business, of a porter, or carrier of burdens. (M, K.) b2: Also said to be sing. of حَمَائِلُ, and syn. with مِحْمَلٌ, which see, in two places.

حَمُولَةٌ A camel, or horse, or mule, or an ass, upon which burdens are borne: (Mgh, Msb:) and sometimes applied to a number of camels: (Msb:) camels that bear burdens: and any beast upon which the tribe carries, namely, an ass or other animal; (S;) or a beast upon which people carry, namely, a camel, and an ass, and the like; (K;) whether the loads be thereon or not: (S, K:) or such as are able to bear: (Az, TA:) or particularly applied to such as have on them the loads; as also ↓ حُمُولٌ: (ISd, TA:) accord. to the T, not including asses nor mules: applied to one and to more than one: (TA:) a word of the measure فَعُولٌ receives the affix ة when it has the meaning of a pass. part. n. (S, TA.) b2: Also, accord. to the K, The loads, or burdens, themselves: but this, accord. to the S and M [and Mgh] and Sgh, is [حُمُولَةٌ, a pl. of حِمْلٌ,] with damm [to the ح]. (TA.) حَمِيلَةٌ (assumed tropical:) i. q. كَلٌّ and عِيَالٌ: so in the saying, هُوَ حَمِيلَةٌ عَلَيْنَا (assumed tropical:) [He is a burden upon us; one whom we have to support]. (O, K.) b2: Also said to be sing. of حَمَائِلُ, and syn. with مِحْمَلٌ, q. v.

حَمَائِلُ: see مِحْمَلٌ, in two places.

حَمَّالٌ A porter, or carrier of burdens. (Msb, K.) b2: حَمَّالَةُ الحَطَبِ [is applied in the Kur cxi. 4 to a woman, lit. meaning The female carrier of firewood: and as an intensive epithet is applied to a man, as meaning] (tropical:) The calumniator, or slanderer. (TA.) حَامِلٌ [Bearing, carrying, taking up and carrying, conveying, or carrying off or away;] act. part. n. of 1 having for its object what is borne on the back [&c.]: (Msb:) fem. with ة: (S, Msb:) pl. masc. حَمَلَةٌ: (S, TA:) and pl. fem.

حَامِلَاتٌ. (TA.) Hence, حَمَلَةُ العَرْشِ [The bearers of the عرش, or empyrean, held by the vulgar to be the throne of God]. (S, TA.) and the phrase فَالْحَامِلَاتِ وِقْرًا [in the Kur li. 2, lit. And the bearers of a load, or heavy load:] meaning (assumed tropical:) the clouds. (TA.) b2: Applied to a woman, (tropical:) Pregnant; (S, Mgh, Msb, K, &c.;) as also حَامِلَةٌ: (S, Msb, K:) the former as being an epithet exclusively applied to a female: the latter as conformable to its verb, which is حَمَلَتْ; (S, Msb;) or as being used in a tropical [or doubly tropical] manner, meaning pregnant in past time or in future time; (Msb;) or as a possessive epithet [meaning having a burden in the womb]: (TA:) [see an ex. of the latter in a verse cited in the first paragraph of art. مخص:] accord. to the Koofees, the former, not being applied to a male, has no need of the sign of the fem. gender: but the Basrees say that this [rule] does not uniformly obtain; for the Arabs say رَجُلٌ أَيِّمٌ and اِمْرَأَةٌ أَيِّمٌ, and رَجُلٌ عَانِسٌ and اِمْرَأَةٌ عَانِسٌ; and that, correctly speaking, حَامِلٌ and طَالِقٌ and حَائِضٌ and the like are epithets masc. in form applied to females, like as رَبْعَةٌ and رَاوِيَةٌ and خُجَأَةٌ are epithets fem. in form applied to males. (S.) It is also applied to a she-camel [and app. to any female] in the same sense. (Mgh.) b3: Applied to trees (شَجَرٌ), (assumed tropical:) Bearing fruit: (TA:) fem. with ة. (K.) b4: See also حَمِيلٌ. b5: [Respecting this epithet, and the phrases حَامِلُ الأَمَانَةِ and مُحْتَمِلُ الأَمَانَةِ, see also أَمَانَةٌ, last sentence but one.] b6: حَمَلَةُ القُرَآنِ (assumed tropical:) [Those who bear in their memory the Kur-án, knowing it by heart]. (S, TA.) حَوْمَلٌ Clouds (سَحَابٌ) black by reason of the abundance of their water. (O, K.) [See also حَمَلٌ.] b2: A clear torrent. (K.) b3: The first of anything. (K.) حَامِلَةٌ fem. of حَامِلٌ [q. v.]. (S, Msb.) b2: حَوَامِلُ is its pl.: and signifies The legs; (M, K;) because they bear the man. (TA.) b3: and The sinews, or tendons, of the foot and of the fore arm; (M, K;) and the [veins called the] رَوَاهِش thereof. (M, TA. [See الوَرِيدُ.]) b4: See also مَحْمِلٌ.

مَحْمِلٌ [of which the primary signification is A place of bearing or carrying], (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) or ↓ مِحْمَلٌ [which primarily signifies An instrument for bearing or carrying], (M, Mgh,) or the latter is allowable, (Msb,) The [kind of vehicle called] هَوْدَج; (Msb;) as also ↓ حِمْلٌ: (M, K:) or the large هودج termed حَجَّاجِىٌّ: (Mgh:) or a pair of dorsers, or panniers, or oblong chests, (شِقَّانِ,) upon a camel, in which are borne two equal loads, (K,) [and which, with a small tent over them, compose a هودج;] first made use of by El-Hajjáj Ibn-Yoosuf Eth-Thakafee: (TA:) one of the مَحَامِل of the pilgrims: (S:) مَحَامِلُ being the pl. (K.) Hence, ↓ مَحَامِلِىٌّ A seller of مَحَامِل. (K.) [What is now particularly termed the محمل (vulgarly pronounced مَحْمَل) of the pilgrims is an ornamented هودج, which is borne by a camel, but without a rider, and is regarded as the royal banner of the caravan; such as is described and figured in my work on the Modern Egyptians. (See also مَحَارَةٌ, in art. حور.)] Its application to (tropical:) The camel that bears the محمل is tropical. (Mgh.) [See also حِمْلٌ. The assertion that it signifies also the silk covering that is sent every year for the Kaabeh is erroneous. This covering is sent from Cairo, with the baggage of the chief of the Egyptian pilgrim-caravan.] b2: Also مَحْمِلٌ, (K,) or ↓ مِحْمَلٌ, (M,) A basket (زِنْبِيل) in which grapes are carried to the place where they are to be dried; and so ↓ حَامِلَةٌ. (K.) b3: One says also, مَا عَلَى فُلَانٍ مَحْمِلٌ (assumed tropical:) There is no ground of reliance upon such a one; syn. مُعْتَمَدٌ: (S:) or no relying, or reliance: (MA:) or no ground (lit. place) for imposing upon such a one the accomplishment of one's wants. (M, TA.) And مَا عَلَى البَعِيرِ مَحْمِلٌ مِنْ ثِقَلِ الحِمْلِ (assumed tropical:) [There is no ground of reliance, or no relying, upon the camel, by reason of the heaviness of the load.] (TA.) مُحْمِلٌ A woman, (S, M, K,) and a she-camel, (S, M,) who yields her milk without being pregnant. (S, M, K.) مِحْمَلٌ: see مَحْمِلٌ, in two places. b2: The عِلَاقَة of a sword (S, Msb, * K) &c.; (Msb;) i. e. its suspensory thong [or cord or shoulder-belt], by which the wearer hangs it upon his neck; (S, TA;) as also ↓ حِمَالَةٌ (S, Msb, K) and ↓ حَمِيلَةٌ: (IDrd, K:) and the ↓ حِمَالَة of the bow is similar to that of the sword: the wearer throws it upon his right shoulder, and puts forth his left arm from it, so that the bow is on his back: (AHn, TA:) the pl. of مِحْمَلٌ is مَحَامِلُ: (Az, Msb:) and that of حِمَالَةٌ, (S, Msb,) or of حَمِيلَةٌ, (Kh, TA,) is ↓ حَمَائِلُ; (Kh, S, TA;) or, accord. to As, حَمَائِلُ has no proper sing., its sing. being only مِحْمَلٌ. (S, TA.) b3: Dhu-r-Rummeh applies it to (tropical:) The root of a tree; (S, K;) likening this to the محمل of a sword. (S.) b4: مَحَامِلُ الذَّكَرِ and ↓ حَمَائِلُهُ (assumed tropical:) The veins in the root and skin of the penis. (M, K.) نَاقَةٌ مُحَمَّلَةٌ A she-camel heavily burdened, or overburdened. (TA.) مَحْمُولٌ: see حَمِيلٌ. b2: Also (tropical:) A fortunate man: from the riding of beasts such as are termed فُرَّهٌ, (K, * TA,) i. e. brisk, sharp, and strong. (TA in art. فره.) b3: [In logic, (assumed tropical:) A predicate: and (assumed tropical:) an accident: in each of these senses contr. of مَوْضُوعٌ.]

مَحْمُولَةٌ A dust-coloured wheat, (K, TA,) like the pod of the cotton-plant, (TA,) having many grains, (K, TA,) and large ears, and of much increase, but not approved in colour nor in taste: so in the M. (TA.) مُحَامِلٌ (assumed tropical:) One who is unable to answer thee; and who does it not, to preserve thine affection. (TA.) مَحَامِلِىٌّ: see مَحْمِلٌ.

مُحْتَمِلُ الأَمَانَةِ: see أَمَانَةٌ, last sentence but one.

مُتَحَامَلٌ: see 6, last sentence.

شَهْرٌ مُسْتَحْمِلٌ A month that brings people into difficulty, or distress; (K, TA;) that is not as it should be. (TA.) Such is said by the Arabs to be the case إِذَا نَحَرَ هِلَالٌ شِمَالًا [app. meaning when a new moon faces a north-east wind]. (TA.)

بر

أ1 بَرِئَ, [aor. ـَ inf. n. generally بُرْءٌ or بَرَآءَةٌ,] He was, or became, clear, or free, of, or from, a thing; in the manners which will be explained below: (Bd ii. 51:) he was, or became, in a state of freedom or immunity, secure, or safe. (T.) [Hence,] بَرِئَ مِنَ المَرَضِ, and بَرَأَ, (T, Msb,) aor. ـَ and بَرُؤَ, aor. ـُ (Msb;) inf. n. بُرْءٌ: (T, Msb:) or بَرِئَ من المرض, inf. n. بُرْءٌ, with damm; and the people of El-Hijáz say بَرَأَ, inf. n. بَرْءٌ, with fet-h: (S:) accord. to As, بَرِىَ من المرض is of the dial. of Temeem; and بَرَأَ of the dial. of the people of El-Hijáz: or, accord. to Az, the people of El-Hijáz say بَرَأَ; and the rest of the Arabs say بَرِئَ: (T:) or بَرَأَ [alone], said of a sick man, aor. ـُ and بَرَاَ; and بَرِئَ; and بَرُؤَ; inf. n. بَرْءٌ [probably a mistranscription for بُرْءٌ] and بُرُؤٌ: or, accord. to Lh, the people of El-Hijáz say بَرَأَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. بُرْءٌ and بُرُؤٌ [i. e.

بُرُوْءٌ]; and the people of El-'Áliyeh, [بَرَأَ,] aor. ـَ inf. n. بُرْءٌ and بُرُؤُ; and Temeem, بَرِئَ, [aor. ـَ inf. n. بُرْءٌ and بُرُؤٌ: (M:) or بَرَأَ, (K,) said by IKtt to be the most chaste form, (TA,) aor. ـَ (K,) agreeably with analogy, (TA,) and بَرُاَ, (K,) said by Zj to be the only instance of a verb of the measure فَعَلَ with ء for its last radical letter having its aor. of the measure يَفْعُلُ, [though others mention also قَرَأَ, aor. ـْ and هَنَأَ, aor. ـْ and asserted to be a bad form, (TA,) inf. n. بُرْءٌ and بُرُوْءٌ; and بَرُؤَ, (K,) not a chaste form, (TA,) aor. ـُ and بَرِئَ, (K,) a chaste form, (TA,) [and the most common of all,] aor. ـَ inf. n. بَرْءٌ and بُرُؤٌ, (K, TA,) or بُرْءٌ, (CK,) and بُرُوْءٌ; (K, TA;) He became free from the disease, sickness, or malady: (T:) or [he recovered from it:] he became convalescent; or sound, or healthy, at the close of disease, but was yet weak; or he recovered, but not completely, his health and strength; syn. نِقَهَ; (M, K;) i. e., he acquired that slight degree of soundness, or health, which comes at the close of disease, but with disease remaining in him. (TA.) [And بَرِئَ الجُرْجُ, or بَرَأَ, The wound healed; or became in a healing state: of frequent occurrence.] and بَرِئَ مِنَ الأَمْرِ, [the only form of the verb used in this case, and in the other cases in which it is mentioned below,] aor. ـَ and بَرُاَ, the latter extr., (M, K,) or rather it is very strange, for IKoot says that نَعِمَ, aor. ـْ and فَضِلَ, aor. ـْ are the only instances of this kind, (TA,) inf. n. بَرَآءَةٌ (M, K) and بَرَآءٌ (Lh, M, K) and بُرُؤٌ, (M,) or بُرْءٌ, (K, TA,) or بُرُوْءٌ; (CK;) and ↓ تبرّأ; (S, * M, K, Mgh; *) [He was, or became, free from the thing, or affair; or clear, or quit, thereof; clear of having or taking, or of having had or taken, any part therein; guiltless of it: and also, irresponsible for it; as in an ex. q. v. voce عِضَاضٌ:] said in relation to [a fault or the like, and] a debt, and a claim, and religion [&c.]. (Lh, M.) You say, بَرِئَ مِنَ العَيْبِ, (Mgh, Msb,) or العُيُوبِ, (S,) inf. n. بَرَآءَةٌ, (Mgh,) He was, or became, free (Msb) [from the fault, defect, imperfection, blemish, or vice], (Mgh, Msb,) [or faults, &c.]. (S.) And بَرِئَ مِنَ الدَّيْنِ, (T, Mgh, Msb,) or الدُّيُونِ, (S,) aor. ـَ (T, Msb,) inf. n. بَرَآءَةٌ, (T, Mgh, Msb,) He was, or became, clear, or quit, of the debt; (or debts; S;) irresponsible for it [or them]: or in a state of immunity with respect to it [or them]; i. e., exempt from the demand thereof. (Msb.) And بَرئَ

إِلَيْكَ مِنْ حَقِّكَ, inf. n. بَرَآءَةٌ and بَرَآءٌ (Lh, M) and بُرُؤٌ, [He was, or became, clear, or quit, to thee, of thy claim, or due, or right; or exempt from the demand thereof;] as also ↓ تبرّأ. (M.) And بَرِئْتُ إِلَيْكَ مِنْ فُلَانٍ, inf. n. بَرَآءةٌ, [I was, or became, or have become, clear, to thee, of having or taking, or of having had or taken, any part with such a one; or, irresponsible to thee for such a one:] (Az, T, S: * [in one copy of the S, I find the phrase بَرِئْتُ مِنْكَ, commencing the art.; but not in other copies:]) this is the only form of the verb used in this case, and in relation to debt [and the like]. (Az, T.) b2: He removed himself, or kept, far, or aloof, [from unclean things, or things occasioning blame; followed by مِنْ, with which it may be rendered he shunned, or avoided;] syn. تَنَزَّهُ and تَبَاعَدَ. (T.) [You say, بَرِئَ مِنَ الأَقْذَارِ He removed himself, or kept, far, or aloof, from unclean things.] b3: He manifested an excuse, [or asserted himself to be clear or quit or irresponsible, like ↓ تبرّأ,] and gave warning; syn. أَعْذَرَ and أَنْذَرَ. (T.) Hence, in the Kur [ix. 1], بَرَآءَةٌ مِنَ اللّٰهِ وَرَسُولِهِ A manifestation of excuse, and a warning, from God and his apostle. (T.) A2: بَرَأَ اللّٰهُ الخَلْقَ, (Fr, T, S, M, K,) or الخَلِيَقَةَ, (Msb,) aor. ـَ (T, M, &c.,) inf. n. بَرْءٌ (T, S, M, K) and بُرُوْءٌ, (Az, Lh, M, K,) God created mankind, or the beings, or things, that are created, syn. خَلَقَ, (Fr, T, M, Msb, K,) after no similitude, or model, (TA,) [but, properly, though not always meaning so, out of pre-existing matter; for] Bd says [in ii. 51] that the primary meaning of the root برء is to denote a thing's becoming clear, or free, of, or from, another thing; either by being released [therefrom], as in بَرِئَ المَرِيضُ مِنْ مَرَضِهِ and المَدْيُونُ مِنْ دَينِهِ [both sufficiently explained above]; or by production [therefrom], as in بَرَأَ اللّٰهُ آدَمَ مِنَ الطِّينِ [God produced, or created, Adam, from, or out of, clay]. (TA.) This verb relates to substances [as in the exs. given above] and to accidents; and hence, [in the Kur lvii. 22,] مِنْ قبْلِ أَنْ نَبْرَأَهَا [Before our creating it, if ها refer to مُصِيبَة, preceding it; but, as Bd says, it may refer to this, or to الأَرْض, or to أَنْفُس]: (M:) but البَرْءُ has a more particular application than الخَلْقُ; the former being particularly applied to the creation of animate beings, with few exceptions: you say, بَرَأَ اللّٰهُ النَّسَمَةَ وَ خَلَقَ السَّمٰوَاتِ وَالأَرْضَ [God created, or produced, man, or the soul, and He created the heavens and the earth]. (TA.) [To this verb, or perhaps to بَرَي, or to both, בָּרָ is the Hebrew equivalent, properly (though not necessarily always) signifying “ he created out of pre-existing matter,” or “ he fashioned. ”]2 برّأهُ, inf. n. تَبْرئَةٌ: see 4, in four places. [Hence,] لَا التَّبْرِئَةِ The لا that denies in a general manner, absolutely, or to the uttermost; i. e. the لا that is a universal negative. (Mughnee &c.) b2: Also He verified his being free [from a thing], clear, or quit, [of it,] guiltless [of it], or irresponsible [for it]. (Mgh, TA.) 3 بارأهُ, (T, S, M, Mgh, K,) inf. n. مُبَارَأَةٌ (T, M, Mgh) and بِرَآءٌ, (M,) He made him (his copartner) free, clear, quit, or irresponsible, the latter doing to him the same: (Mgh:) he compounded, or made a compromise, with him (his hired man, T, M) for their mutual separation: (M:) he separated himself from him (his copartner, S, O), the latter doing the same. (S, O, K.) And بَارَأْتُ الرَّجُلَ I became free, clear, quit, or irresponsible, to the man, he becoming so to me. (M.) And بارأ المَرْأَةَ, (T, M, K,) or امْرَأَتَهُ, (S,) inf. n. as above, (M,) He compounded, or made a compromise, with the woman (or his wife, S) for their mutual separation; (M, K;) i. e. he divorced her for a compensation [which she was to make him, such as her giving up a portion of her dowry remaining due to her, in order that they might be clear, each of the other]: it occurs also [without ء] in art. برى. (TA.) 4 ابرأهُ He (God, S, M, K) [recovered him, or] restored him to convalescence, (M, K,) مِنَ المَرَضِ [from the disease, sickness, or malady]. (S.) b2: أَبْرَأَكَ مِنَ الأَمْرِ and ↓ بَرَّأَكَ (M, K *) He (i. e. God, TA) made thee, pronounced thee, or held thee, or hath made thee, &c., or may He make thee, &c., to be free from the thing or affair, or clear or quit thereof, or guiltless thereof, or irresponsible for it; (TA;) [or He acquitted thee, or hath acquitted thee, or may He acquit thee, thereof; or He showed thee, or hath showed thee, or may He show thee, to be free from it, &c.: see also 2, above:] said in relation to [a fault or the like, and] a debt, and a claim, and religion [&c.]. (M.) You say, مِنَ العَيْبِ ↓ بَرَّأْتُهُ I made him, pronounced him, or held him, to be free from the fault, defect, imperfection, blemish, or vice. (Msb.) It is said in the Kur [xxxiii. 69], ↓ فَبَرَّأْهُ اللّٰهُ مِمَا قَالُوا (M) But God showed him to be clear of that which they said. (Bd.) You say also, أَبْرَأْتُهُ مِنَ الدَّيْنِ I made him, pronounced him, or held him, to be clear, or quit, of the debt; irresponsible for it; or in a state of immunity with respect to it; i. e., exempt from the demand thereof: (Msb:) and أَبْرَأْتُهُ مِمَّا لِى

عَلَيْهِ; and ↓ بَرَّأْتُهُ, inf. n. تَبْرِئَةٌ; [I acquitted him of that which he owed me:] (S:) and أَبْرَأْتُهُ [alone] I made him, pronounced him, or held him, to be clear, or quit, of a claim that I had upon him, or a due or right that he owed me. (Mgh.) A2: ابرأ [in the T (as on the authority of Aboo-'Amr Esh-Sheybánee) أَبْرَى] He entered upon [the night, or day, called] البَرَآء, q. v. (K.) 5 تَبَرَّاَ see 1, in three places. تبرّأ مِنْهُ also signifies He asserted himself to be free from it; or clear, or quit, of it; namely, a fault, or the like. (Mgh.) [And He declared himself to be clear of him; to be not connected, or implicated, with him; he renounced him: see Kur ii. 161 and 162, &c:] 6 تَبَارَأْنَا We separated ourselves, each from the other. (TA.) [See 3.]10 استبرأ, (T,) or استبرأ مِنَ البَوْلِ, (Msb,) He took extraordinary pains, or the utmost pains, in cleansing the orifice of his penis from the remains of urine, by shaking it and pulling it and the like, until he knew that nothing remained in it: (T:) or he purified, or cleansed, himself from urine; syn. تَنَزَّهُ عَنْهُ: (Msb:) or استبرأ, (M,) or استبرأ الذَّكَرَ, (K, TA,) signifies he took extraordinary pains, or the utmost pains, in cleansing the penis from urine; or he cleansed it entirely from urine; (M, * K, * TA;) and so استبرأ الفَرْجَ: and in like manner, استبرأتِ الفَرْجَ said of a woman: (El-Munáwee, TA:) but the lawyers make a distinction between اسْتِبْرَآءٌ and اِسْتِنْقَآءٌ [which are made syn. in the M and K]: see the latter word. (TA.) b2: And استبرأ الجَارِيَةَ, (T, S, Mgh,) or المَرْأَةَ, (M, Msb, K,) He abstained from sexual intercourse (T, M, K) with the girl whom he had purchased or whom he had taken captive, (T,) or with the woman, (M, K,) until she had menstruated (T, M, K) at his abode, once, and then become purified: (T:) the meaning is, (T,) he sought to find her free from pregnancy. (T, Mgh, Msb.) b3: Hence, (Mgh,) استبرأ الشَّيْءِ, (Z, Mgh, Msb,) or الأَمْرَ, (TA,) He searched, searched out, or sought to find or discover, the uttermost of the thing, or affair, (Z, Mgh, Msb, TA,) in order that he might know it, (Mgh,) to put an end to his doubt. (Z, Mgh, Msb, TA.) You say, اِسْتَبْرَأْتُ مَا عِنْدَكَ [I searched, or sought to find or discover, or I have searched, &c., the uttermost of what thou hast, of knowledge &c.]. (S, TA.) And استبرأ أرْضَ كَذَا فَمَا وَجَدَ ضَالَّتَهُ [He searched the uttermost of such a land and found not his stray beast]. (TA.) It is said in the Expos. of the Jámi' es-Sagheer that اِسْتِبْرَآءٌ is an expression denoting The seeking, or seeking leisurely and repeatedly, to obtain knowledge of a thing, until one knows it; considering it with the endeavour to obtain a clear knowledge of it; taking, in doing so, the course prescribed by prudence, precaution, or good judgment. (Mgh.) بُرُأَةٌ A hunter's lurking-place or covert: (T, S, M, K:) pl. بُرَأٌ. (T, S, M.) El-Aashà says, بِهَا بُرَأٌ مِثْلُ الفَسِيلِ المُكَمَّمِ [At it (a source of water mentioned in the context) were hunters' lurking-places, like young palmtrees covered over: for tender young palm-trees are often covered over with a kind of coarse matting]. (T, S, M.) بَرَآءٌ: see بَرِىْءٌ, in six places. b2: البَرَآءٌ The first night of the [lunar] month; (El-Mázinee, T, S, K;) called thus, (S,) or لَيْلَةُ البَرَآءِ, (M,) because the moon has then become clear of the sun: (S, M:) or the first day of the month: (AA, T, K:) or the last night thereof: (As, T, K:) or the last day thereof; (IAar, T, K;) a fortunate day; every event happening therein being regarded as a means of obtaining a blessing; (IAar, T;) but most hold that the last day of the month is termed النَّحِيرَةٌ; (TA;) as also اِبْنُ البَرَآءِ: (K:) or this is the first day of the month: (IAar, T, TA:) pl. أَبْرِئَةٌ. (Th, M.) بُرَآءُ: see بَرِىْءٌ, in two places.

بَرِىْءٌ Free, (Msb,) مِنْهُ from it; namely a fault, defect, imperfection, blemish, or vice; (Mgh, Msb;) and, also followed by مِنْهُ, clear, or quit, of it; irresponsible for it; or in a state of immunity with respect to it; i. e. exempt from the demand thereof; namely a debt, (Msb,) or a claim, or due, or right; (Mgh;) as also ↓ بَارِىٌ and ↓ بَرَآءٌ. (Msb.) You say, أَنَا بَرِىْءٌ مِنْهُ [I am free from it, &c.]; (T, * S, M, K; *) and ↓ بَرَآءٌ, used alike as sing. and dual and pl. (Fr, T, S, M, K) and masc. and fem., (Fr, T, M, K,) because it is originally an inf. n.; (Fr, T, S;) and ↓ بُرَآءٌ: (S, M:) the pl. of بَرِىْءٌ is بَرِيؤُونَ (T, S, K) and بُرَأءُ (T, S, M, K) and بُرَآءٌ, (T, M, K,) of the measure فُعَالٌ, (T,) like رُخَالٌ, (M, K,) of an extr. measure, disapproved by Suh, who says, in the R, that it is a contraction of بُرَأءُ, and has tenween because it resembles [words originally of the measure] فُعَالٌ, and that the rel. n. formed from it is ↓ بُرَاوِىٌّ, (TA,) but it is mentioned by AAF as a pl. of بَرِىْءٌ, and as being like رُخَالٌ, and Fr mentions بُرَآءُ as a pl. of the same, imperfectly decl., with one of the two hemzehs suppressed, (M,) and بِرَآءٌ (S, M, K) and أَبْرَآءٌ (S, K) and أَبْرِئَآءُ, (T, S, K,) the last two anomalous: (TA:) the fem. of بَرِيْءٌ is بَرِيْئَةٌ; pl. بَرِيْآتٌ (T, S, M, K) and بَرِيَّاتٌ (Lh, M, K) and بَرَايَا. (T, S, M, K.) Yousay, أَنَا بَرِىْءٌ مِنْهُ and خَلِىٌّ مِنْهُ [I am free from it; or, more commonly, I am clear, or quit, of it, or him]; and مِنْهُ ↓ أنَا بَرَآءٌ and خَلَآءٌ مِنْهُ; (S;) and مِنْهُ ↓ أَنَا البَرَآءُ: (M:) and ↓ نَحْنُ مِنْكَ البَرَآءُ and الخَلَآءُ [We are clear, or quit, of you]; (Fr, T;) i. e., ذَوُو البَرَآءِ: so says Aboo-Is-hák; and As says the like of what Fr says. (T.) It is said in the Kur [xliii. 25], مِمَّا تَعْبُدُونَ ↓ إِنَّنِى بَرَآءٌ [Verily I am clear of that which ye worship]; (T, M;) or بَرِىْءٌ, or ↓ بُرَآءٌ; accord. to different readers. (Bd.) بَرِىْءٌ occurs in several places in the Kur. (M.) Accord. to IAar, it signifies Clear of evil qualities or dispositions; shunning what is vain and false; remote from actions that occasion suspicion; pure in heart from associating any with God: and it signifies sound in body and intellect. (T.) See also بَارِئٌ, in two places.

بَرَآءَةٌ A writing of [i. e. conferring] immunity or exemption: from بَرِئَ مِنَ الدَّيْنِ and العَيْب, of which it is the inf. n.: pl. بَرَاآتٌ, with medd: بَرَاوَاتٌ is [pl. of بَرَاةٌ, and both of these are] vulgar. (Mgh.) بُرَاوِىٌّ: see بَرِىْءٌ.

البَرِيَّةُ The creation; as meaning the beings, or things, that are created; or, particularly, mankind; syn. الخَلْقُ: (T, S, M:) pronounced without ء; (T, S;) originally with ء, like نَبِىٌّ and ذُرِّيَةٌ; (M;) and the people of Mekkeh differ from the other Arabs in pronouncing these three words with ء: (Yoo, T, M:) Lh says that the Arabs agree in omitting the ء in these three instances; and he does not except the people of Mekkeh: (M:) it is of the measure فَعِيلَةٌ in the sense of مَفْعُولَةٌ, (Msb,) from بَرَأَ اللّٰهُ الخَلْقَ, meaning خَلَقَهُمْ: (Fr, T:) or, if derived from البَرَى

[“earth” or “dust”], it is originally without ء: (Fr, T, S:) pl. بَرَايَا and بَرِيَّاتٌ. (S in art. برو and برى.) بَارِئٌ, (K,) or بَارِئٌ مِنْ مَرَضِهِ, (Lh, S, M,) [Recovering from his disease, sickness, or malady: or] convalescent; or becoming sound, or healthy, at the close of his disease, but being yet weak; or recovering, but not completely, his health and strength: [see 1:] (M, K:) as also ↓ بَرِئْءٌ: (Lh, M, K:) but whether the latter be properly used in this sense is disputed; while the former is said to be the act. part. n. of 1 in all its senses: (TA:) pl. بِرَآءٌ, (M, K,) like as صِحَاحٌ is pl. of صَحِيحٌ, accord. to Lh, so that he holds it to be pl. of بَرِىْءٌ; or it may be pl. of بَارِئٌ, like as جِيَاعٌ is pl. of جَائِعٌ, and صِحَابٌ of صَاحِبٌ. (M.) ↓ بَرِىْءٌ is sometimes written and pronounced بَرِىٌّ [in all its senses]. (Kz.) b2: See also بَرِيْءٌ.

A2: البَارِئُ, applied to God, The Creator; (T, S, Msb;) He who hath created the things that are created, not after any similitude, or model; (Nh;) or He who hath created those things free from any incongruity, or faultiness, (Mgh, and Bd in ii. 51,) and distinguished, one from another, by various forms and outward appearances: (Bd:) or the Former, or Fashioner; syn. المُصَوِّرُ [q. v.]. (M.)