حلق

1 حَلَقَ رَأْسَهُ, (S, K,) and شَعَرَهُ, (S, M, Msb,) aor. ـِ (S, Msb, K,) inf. n. حَلْقٌ (S, * M, Msb, K) and حِلَاقٌ (S, * Msb, K *) and تَحْلَاقٌ, (S, * K,) He removed the hair of his head [with a razor, or shaved his head], (K,) [and he shaved off his hair;] as also ↓ احتلقهُ; (S, K;) and ↓ حلّقهُ, (K,) inf. n. تَحْلِيقٌ: (TA:) or the latter verb has an intensive signification, (O, Msb,) and applies to many objects, (S, Msb,) as in the phrase, حَلَّقُوا رُؤُوسَهُمْ [they shaved their heads]: (S:) and you say also, حَلَقَ مَعْزَهُ [he shore his goats]; but not جَزَّ save in the case of sheep: (S:) [for] الحَلْقُ with respect to the hair of human beings and of goats is like الجَزُّ with respect to wool. (M, TA.) [Hence,] إِنَّ رَأْسَهُ لَجَيِّدُ الحِلَاقِ [Verily his head is well shaven]. (S, K. *) And يَوْمُ تَحْلَاق اللَّمَمِ [The day of the shaving off of the locks termed لمم]; which was a day fought by Teghlib (S, K) against Bekr Ibn-Wáïl; (S;) because their [i. e. Teghlib's] distinctive sign was shaving (الحَلْق), (S, K,) on that day. (S.) b2: عَقْرًا حَلْقًا, or ↓ عَقْرَى حَلْقَى, (S, K, *) is an expression occurring in a trad.: (S:) the latter is rare; or is an incorrect variation of the relaters of traditions: (K:) A 'Obeyd says, it is عَقْرًا حَلْقًا, for which the relaters of traditions say ↓ عَقْرَى حَلْقَى; and the original form and meaning is عَقَرَهَا اللّٰهُ وَحَلَقَهَا, (S,) or عَقَرَهَا اللّٰهُ عَقْرًا وَحَلَقَهَا حَلْقًا, (TA,) i. e., [accord. to A 'Obeyd,] May God wound her body, and afflict her with pain in her حَلْق [or fauces]: (S, K: *) but this explanation is not valid: accord. to the T, it is a form of imprecation uttered against a woman, [not in earnest, though denoting a degree of displeasure,] meaning may she be bereft of her husband, or became a widow, so that she shall shave off her hair: and Az says that عَقْرَى ↓ حَلْقَى means she is unlucky [to others] and annoying: ISd says, it is said to mean she is unlucky [to others]; but I am not sure of it. (TA.) Accord. to Aboo-Nasr (S, TA) Ahmad Ibn-Hátim, (S,) one says on the occasion of an event at which one wonders, خَمْشَى

↓ عَقْرَى حَلْقَى, as though [meaning May she who has occasioned this, scratch and wound her face, and shave off her hair:] from الحَلْقُ [the act of shaving] and العَقْرُ [the act of wounding] and الخَمْشُ syn. with الخَدْشُ [the act of scratching]: (S, TA: *) and he cites this verse: ↓ أَلَا قَوْمِى أُولُو عَقْرَى وَحَلْقَى

لِمَا لَا قَتْ سَلَامَانُ بْنُ غَنْمِ (TA, and so in some copies of the S,) meaning [Now surely] my people have women who have wounded and scratched their faces and shaven off their hair [on account of what the tribe of Selámán Ibn-Ghanm has experienced]: so, says IB, IKtt relates this verse, and so Hr in the Ghareebeyn: but ISk, thus: أَلَا قَوْمِى إِلَى عَقْرَى وَحَلْقَى

[and so I find it in one copy of the S:] and IJ explains it by saying that عقرى وحلقى originally denotes the case of a woman who, when some one honourable in her estimation has been smitten, or wounded, takes a pair of sandals, and beats with them her head, and wounds or scratches it, and shaves off her hair; and the poet means, my people have come to the condition of wounded, or scratched, and shaven, women. (TA.) [Fei says,] حَلْقًا لَهُ وَعَقْرًا is a form of imprecation, meaning May God afflict him with pain in his حَلْق [or fauces], and wound his body: but the relaters of traditions say عَقْرَى ↓ حَلْقَى, with the fem. alif, making them act. part. ns.; [the former meaning, accord. to one of the explanations given above, an unlucky woman to others, though this is doubtful; and] the latter meaning a woman annoying her people: (Msb:) or both these words are inf. ns., like دَعْوَى. (TA in art. عقر.

[See more in that art]) b3: They said also, بَيْنَهُمُ احْلِقِى وَقُومِى [Among them is heard the saying, Shave, O woman, and arise]; i. e. among them is trial, or trouble, and distress, affliction, calamity, or adversity: and يُوْمُ احْلِقِى وَقُومِى [A day of the saying Shave, &c.; i. e., of trial, &c.]. (TA.) b4: Also حَلَقَ الشَّىْءَ. aor. ـِ inf. n. حلْقٌ, He peeled the thing; or stripped off, or otherwise removed, its superficial part: or he peeled, stripped, pared, scraped, or rubbed, off the thing: syn. قَشَرَهُ. (TA.) b5: And حَلَقَ (assumed tropical:) He, or it, destroyed; and cut off entirely, like as the razor does hair. (TA.) b6: And, aor. as above, (assumed tropical:) He (a man) pained, or caused to suffer pain. (IAar, TA.) A2: حَلَقَهُ, (S, K,) aor. ـُ (K) and حَلِقَ, (TA,) He hit, or hurt, his حَلْق [or fauces]; (S, K;) a verb similar to رَأَسَهُ, and عَضَدَهُ and صَدَرَهُ, meaning “ he struck his head ” and “ his upper arm ” and “ his breast: ” and He (God) afflicted him with pain in his حَلْق; as explained in a phrase mentioned above. (S.) b2: And (tropical:) He filled it, namely, a watering-trough or tank, (K, TA,) up to its حَلْق [q. v.]; (TA;) as also ↓ احلقهُ. (Sgh, K.) A3: حَلَقَ الشَّىْءَ i. q. قَدَّرَهُ [He made the thing according to a measure; &c.]; (K;) like خَلَقَهُ [q. v.], with the pointed خ. (TA.) A4: حَلَقَ الضَّرْعُ, aor. ـَ [so in the TA, app. a mistranscription for حَلُقَ, since neither the medial nor final radical letter is faucial,] inf. n. حُلُوقٌ, (assumed tropical:) The udder rose to the belly, and became contracted: b2: and also (assumed tropical:) The udder contained much milk: (Kr, ISd, TA:) thus it has two contr. meanings. (TA.) [See the part. n. حَالِقٌ.]

A5: حَلِقَ, aor. ـَ He (a man) suffered pain: or had a complaint of his حَلْق [or fauces]. (IAar, TA.) 2 حلّق, inf. n. تَحْلِيقٌ: see 1, first sentence.

A2: حلّقهُ حَلْقَةً He clad him with a حلقة [or coat of mail, &c.]. (TA.) b2: حلٌّق حَلْقَةً He turned [or drew] a circle. (TA.) b3: [Hence, perhaps,] حلّق عَلَى اسْمِ فُلَانٍ [if, as I suppose, originally meaning He drew a line round the name of such a one;] (tropical:) he cancelled the stipend, or pay, or allowance, of such a one. (TA.) b4: [حلّق الإِبِلَ He branded the camels with a mark in the form of a ring: see the pass. part. n.] b5: حلَق بِإِصْبعِهِ He bent his finger round like a حَلْقَة [or ring]. (TA.) b6: حلّق said of the moon, It had a halo around it; (K, * TA;) as also ↓ تحلّق. (K.) b7: Said of a bird, inf. n. as above, (tropical:) It soared in its flight, (S, K, TA,) and circled in the air. (TA.) b8: Said of the نَجْم, (K,) meaning the Pleiades (الثُّرَيَّا), (T in art. فغر,) (assumed tropical:) It was, or became, high: (K:) or it became overhead. (T ubi suprà: see فَغَرَ.) It is said that تَحْلِيقُ الشَّمْسِ, in the former part of the day, means (assumed tropical:) The sun's rising high from the east: and in the latter part of the day, the sun's going down: but Sh says, I know not التحليق except as meaning the being, or becoming, high. (TA.) b9: حلّق بِبَصَرِهِ إِلَى السَّمآءِ (assumed tropical:) He raised his eyes towards the sky. (TA.) b10: حلّق ضَرْعُ النَّاقَةِ, inf. n. as above, (assumed tropical:) The she-camel's milk became drawn up [and consequently her udder also] (IDrd, K) to her belly (IDrd, TA.) And accord. to ISd, حلّق اللَّبَنُ (assumed tropical:) The milk [became drawn up, or withdrawn, i. e.,] went away. (TA.) And حلّق is said of the water in a drinking-trough, meaning (assumed tropical:) It became little in quantity; and went away. (TA.) b11: حَلَّقَتْ عُيُونُ الإِبِلِ (tropical:) The eyes of the camels sank, or became depressed, in their heads. (AA, K, TA.) b12: حلّق البُسْرُ, inf. n. as above, (assumed tropical:) The ripening dates became ripe [as far as the حَلْق, i. e.,] to the extent of two thirds: (AHn, K:) and ↓ حَلْقَنَ signifies the same; or they began to be ripe (K in art. حلقن) next the base; (TA in that art.;) as also ↓ حَلْقَمَ. (TA in art. حلقم.) b13: حلّق بِهِ (tropical:) It (a draught of [milk and water such as is termed] صُوَاح) caused his belly to become inflated. (Ibn-' Abbád, K, TA.) b14: حلّق بِالشَّىْءَ إِلَيْهِ He threw the thing to him. (K.) 4 أَحْلَقَ see 1, near the end.5 تحلّقوا They sat in rings, or circles. (S, K.) The doing thus before prayers [in the mosque] is forbidden. (TA.) b2: See also 2.7 انحلق شَعَرُهُ [His hair came off; as though it were shaven]. (K voce مُتَقَوِّبٌ.) 8 إِحْتَلَقَ see 1, first sentence. Q. Q. 1 حَلْقَمَهُ He cut, or severed, his حُلْقُوم [q. v. voce حَلْقٌ]. (Msb, See also art. حلقم.) A2: حَلْقَمَ and حَلْقَنَ: see 2.

A3: حَوْلَقَ, (TA,) inf. n. حَوْلَقَةٌ, (S,) He said لَا حَوْلَ وَلَا قُوَّةَ إِلَّا بِاللّٰهِ: [see art. حول:] so says ISk: (S:) others say حَوْقَلَ. (IAth, TA.) حَلْقٌ [The fauces: and hence, by a synecdoche, the throat, or gullet, i. e. the œsophagus:] the place of the غَلْصَمَة [or epiglottis]; and the place of slaughter in an animal: (Az, TA:) or the fore part of the neck: (Zj in his “ Khalk el-Insán: ”) or the passage of, or place by which pass, the food and drink, into the مَرِىْء [or œsophagus]: (TA:) or i. q. ↓ حُلْقُومٌ: (S, Msb, K:) [but] the latter is the windpipe; the passage of the breath; (Zj ubi suprà, Az, Msb;) which has branches branching from it into the lungs, [namely, the bronchi, consisting of two main branches, which divide into smaller and smaller,] called the قَصَب: (Zj ubi suprà, and Msb:) [this word (حلقوم), however, as well as the former, is sometimes applied to the throat, or gullet: but the former (حلق) generally signifies the fauces; and the latter (حلقوم), the windpipe: (see another explanation of the latter word in art. حلقم, from the M:) a morsel of food, or the like, is commonly said to stick in the حلق, but not in the حلقوم:] حَلْقٌ is of the masc. gender: (Msb:) and its pl. is حُلُوقٌ, (S, Msb,) and sometimes حُلُقٌ; (Msb;) or حِلَقٌ, which is extr.; and pl. of pauc. أَحْلَاقٌ; (TA;) and أَحْلُقٌ is allowable [as a pl. of pauc.] on the ground of analogy; but it has not been heard from the Arabs: (Msb:) ↓ حُلْقُومٌ is of the measure فُعْلُومٌ, (TA,) the م being augmentative, (Msb,) accord. to Kh; but of the measure فُعْلُولٌ accord. to others: (TA:) and its pl. is حَلَاقِيمُ, and, by contraction, حَلَاقِمُ. (Msb.) b2: (tropical:) The part through which the water runs of a watering-trough or tank, and of a vessel: pl. حُلُوقٌ. (TA.) b3: and [the pl.] حُلُوقٌ signifies (tropical:) The water-courses, and valleys, of a land; and the narrow, or strait, places, of a land, (K, TA,) and of roads. (TA.) b4: حَلْقُ الجَوِّ [app. (assumed tropical:) The upper region of the air: see 2, as said of a bird, &c.]. (Z, TA.) b5: The حَلْق of a date is (assumed tropical:) The part at the extremity of two thirds thereof: or a part near to the base thereof. (TA.) A2: Unluckiness [to others]. (IAar, K.) Hence, [accord. to some,] عَقْرًا حَلْقًا [explained above: see 1]. (TA.) حُلْقٌ The state of being bereft of a child by death; syn. ثُكْلٌ [in the CK, erroneously, شُكْل]. (K, TA.) So in the prov., لِأُمِّكَ الحُلْقُ [May bereavement of her child befall thy mother]: or, accord. to the A, it means shaving of the head [on account of such, or a similar, bereavement]. (TA.) حِلْقٌ (tropical:) Numerous cattle: (S, K:) because the herbage is cropped by them like as hair is shaven or shorn. (K.) You say, جَآءَ فُلَانٌ بِالحِلْقِ وَالإِحْرَافِ (S) Such a one came with, or brought, much cattle. (Az, S in art. حرف.) A2: The sealring (IAar, S, K) that is on the hand [or finger], or in the hand, (IAar, TA,) of a king: (IAar, S, K:) or a seal-ring of silver, without a فَصّ [or gem set in it]. (ISd, K.) [Hence,] أُعْطِىَ فُلَانٌ الحِلْقَ Such a one was made prince, or governor, or commander. (TA.) حَلَقٌ: see حَلْقَةٌ. b2: Also Camels branded with the mark termed حَلْقَةٌ; (K;) and so ↓ مُحَلَّقَةٌ. (S, K.) حَلْقَةٌ [A single act of shaving]. One says to a beloved child, when he belches, حَلْقَةً وَكَبْرَةً

وَشَحْمَةً فِى السُّرَّةِ, i. e. May thy head be shaven time after time, (Ibn-'Abbád, K, *) so that thou mayest grow old, (Ibn-'Abbád, TA,) [and acquire fat at the navel:] or mayest thou be preserved so as to have thy head shaven, and to grow old. (A, TA.) A2: As meaning A ring; i. e. anything circular; as a حلقة of iron, and of silver, and of gold; (TA;) a حلقة of a coat of mail, &c.; (Mgh;) the حلقة of a door; and a حلقة of people; (S, K;) in this last instance meaning a ring of people; (Msb, TA;) it is also with fet-h to the ل; i. e. ↓ حَلَقَةٌ; (S, Mgh, Msb, K;) mentioned by Yoo, on the authority of Aboo-'Amr Ibn-El-'Alà, (S, Msb,) and with kesr; (K;) i. e. ↓ حَلِقَةٌ; mentioned by Fr and El-Umawee, as of the dial. of Belhárith Ibn-Kaab; accord. to the O; or ↓ حِلْقَةٌ, accord. to the L: (TA:) or there is no such word as ↓ حَلَقَةٌ, (S, K,) in chaste speech, (TA,) except as pl. of حَالِقٌ; (S, K;) accord. to Aboo-'Amr Esh-Sheybánee; (S;) or it is a dial. var. of weak authority; (K;) accord. to Th, allowed by all, though of weak authority; (S;) or it is used by poetic license; (Mgh:) Lh says that the حلقة of a door is حَلْقَةٌ and ↓ حَلَقَةٌ; Kr says the same of the حلقة of a company of men; Lth says that it is the former in this case, but that some say the latter; A 'Obeyd prefers the latter in the case of a حلقة of iron, but allows the former; and prefers the former in the case of a حلقة of people, but allows the latter; and Abu-l-'Abbás prefers the former in both cases, but allows the latter: (L:) the pl. is ↓ حَلَقٌ, (S, Msb, K,) which is anomalous in relation to حَلْقَةٌ, (S, Msb,) or [rather] a quasipl. n., (TA,) but regular in relation to حَلَقَةٌ, (Msb, TA,) [as a coll. gen. n.,] like قَصَبٌ in relation to قَصَبَةٌ; (Msb;) and, (K,) accord. to As, (S,) حِلَقٌ, (S, K,) as pl. of حَلْقَةٌ meaning a حلقة of men and of iron, (TA,) like بِدَرٌ (S, K) pl. of بَدْرَةٌ, and قِصَعٌ pl. of قَصْعَةٌ; (S;) or this is a regular pl. of حِلْقَةٌ; (TA;) and حَلَقَاتٌ, (AA, Yoo, S, K,) which is pl. of حَلَقَةٌ; (TA;) and حِلَقَاتٌ, (K,) which is pl. of حِلْقَةٌ; (TA;) and حِلَاقٌ in relation to a company of men. (TA.) You say, اِنْتَزَعْتُ حَلْقَتَهُ [lit. I pulled off his ring], meaning, (app., Ibn-'Abbád,) (assumed tropical:) I outwent him, or preceded him. (Ibn-'Abbád, K.) and كَالحَلْقَةِ المُفْرَغَةِ [Like the solid and continuous ring]: a prov., applied to a company of men united in words and action. (TA.) And ضَرَبُوا بُيُوتَهُمْ حِلَاقًا They pitched their tents in one series, (K, TA,) so as to form a ring [or rings]: the last word being a pl. of حَلْقَةٌ or of حلقَةٌ. (TA.) And it is said in a trad., نُهِىَ عَنِ الحِلَقِ قَبْلَ الصَّلَاةِ, i. e. Rings of men [sitting in the mosque before prayer are forbidden]. (TA.) b2: [Hence,] حَلْقَتَا الرَّحِمِ (tropical:) [The two rings of the womb]: one of these is the mouth of the vulva, at its extremity; [the meatus of the vagina:] and the other is that which closes upon the مَآء [or seminal fluid] and opens for the menstrual discharge; [the os uteri:] (K:) or, as some say, the other is that whence the urine is emitted; [the meatus urinarius: but the former is the right explanation: and hence] one says, مَآء

النُّطْفَةُ فِى حَلْقَةِ الرَّحِمِ (tropical:) The seminal fluid fell into the entrance of the womb. (TA.) [Hence also,] حَلْقَةُ الدُّبُرِ (assumed tropical:) The anus; syn. حِتَارُهُ and شَرَجُهُ. (Mgh in art. شرج.) [See also خَاتَمٌ, last sentence but two.] b3: حَلْقَةٌ also signifies A brand upon camels, (K, TA,) of a round form, like the حلقة [or ring] of a door. (TA.) b4: And A coat of mail: [because made of rings:] (K:) or coats of mail: (S, Mgh:) or arms, or weapons, in general, (M, Mgh, Msb,) and coats of mail, and the like. (M, TA.) It is said in a trad., إِنَّكُمْ

أَهْلُ الحَلْقَةِ والحُصُونِ [Verily ye are people of the coat of mail, &c., and of fortresses]. (TA.) b5: And A rope. (K, TA.) b6: And, of a vessel, (Az, K,) and of a watering-trough, (Az,) (tropical:) The portion that remains vacant after one has put in it somewhat (Az, K) of food or beverage, up to the half; the portion that is above the half being thus called: (Az:) [or] of a wateringtrough, (tropical:) the fulness; or less than that. (Aboo-Málik, K.) One says, وَفَّيْتُ حَلْقَةَ الحَوْضِ and الإِنَآءَ (tropical:) [I filled up the حلقة of the watering-trough and of the vessel]. (Az, TA.) حِلْقَةٌ: see حَلْقَةٌ.

حَلَقَةٌ: see حَلْقَةٌ, in three places.

حَلِقَةٌ: see حَلْقَةٌ.

حَلْقَى: see 1, in six places.

حَلْقِىٌّ [Of, or relating to, the حَلْق; faucial; guttural]. الحُرُوفُ الحَلْقِيَّةُ [The faucial, or guttural, letters] are six; namely, ء and ه, to which are appropriated the furthest part of the حَلْق; and ع and ح, to which are appropriated the middle thereof; and غ and خ, to which are appropriated the nearest part thereof. (TA.) بُسْرٌ حُلْقَانُ (assumed tropical:) Ripening dates that have become ripe as far as the حَلْق; which is said by some to be near the base: (TA:) or that have begun to be ripe (K in art. حلقن) next the base; (TA in that art.;) and so ↓ رُطَبٌ مُحَلْقِمٌ; and a single date in that state is termed ↓ رُطَبَةٌ حُلْقَامَةٌ: (K in art. حلقم:) or ripening dates that have become ripe to the extent of two thirds; as also ↓ مُحَلْقِنٌ, (S, K,) and ↓ مُحَلِّقٌ, (K, TA,) like مُحَدِّثٌ: (TA:) [in the CK مُحَلَّق, like مُعَظَّم:]) and the last signifies, (K,) accord. to Ibn-'Abbád, (TA,) dates partly ripe (K, TA) and partly unripe: (TA:) n. un. with ة: (S, K:) such dates are also termed ↓ حَوَالِيقُ, held by ISd to be a kind of rel. n., [as though pl. of حَالِقَةٌ,] though the reason of the insertion of the ى in this word, he says, was unknown to him: (TA:) and ↓ رُطَبٌ حُلْقَانِىٌّ: (TA from a trad.:) the pl. of مُحَلِّقٌ is مَحَالِيقُ. (TA.) حُلْقُومٌ: see حَلْقٌ, in two places.

رُطَبَةٌ حُلْقَامَةٌ: see حُلْقَانٌ.

رُطَبٌ حُلْقَانِىٌّ: see حُلْقَانٌ.

حَلَاقِ, (S, K,) indecl., with kesr for its termination, because changed from its original form, which is حَالِقَةٌ, of the fem. gender, and an epithet in which the quality of a subst. is predominant; (S;) (tropical:) Death (S, K, TA) that peels [people] off; (TA;) as also حَلَاقٌ, (K,) allowed by Ibn-'Abbád; and, accord. to the Tekmileh, ↓ حِلَاقٌ also. (TA.) One says, سُقُوا بِكَأْسِ حَلَاقِ (tropical:) [They were given to drink the cup of death]. (ISd, TA.) [See also جَعَارِ.]

حُلَاقٌ Pain in the حَلْق [or fauces]. (S, K.) حِلَاقٌ: see حَلَاقِ.

رَأْسٌ حَلِيقٌ i. q. ↓ مَحْلُوقٌ [A shaven head]: (ISd, TA:) and شَعَرٌ حَلِيقٌ [hair shaven off]: (Az, S:) and لِحْيَةٌ حَلِيقٌ [a beard shaven off]; not حَلِيقَةٌ: (Az, S, K:) and ↓ عَنْزٌ مَحْلُوقَةٌ [a shorn she-goat]. (Az, S.) The pl. of حَلِيقٌ is [حَلْقِى and] حِلَاقٌ. (TA.) حُلَاقَةٌ Shorn hair of a goat. (S, K.) حَلَّاقٌ: see what next follows.

حَالِقٌ [Shaving: and] a shaver; (S, TA;) and a shearer of goats: (T, TA:) pl. حَلَقَةٌ: (T, S, K:) and ↓ حَلَّاقٌ is syn. with حَالِقٌ; (TA;) [or has an intensive signification, or denotes frequency of the action.] The saying لَا تَفْعَلْ ذَاكَ أُمُّكَ حَالِقٌ means [Do not thou that:] may God cause thy mother to be bereft of her child so that she shall shave off her hair. (S.) And حَالِقَةٌ occurs in a trad. as an epithet applied to a woman cursed by Mohammad; (TA;) meaning One who shaves off her hair in the case of an affliction: (K, TA:) or who shares her face for the sake of embellishment. (TA.) It is also applied to a wound on the head (شَجَّةٌ) That scrapes off the skin from the flesh. (TA in art. دمغ.) b2: (tropical:) Sharp; applied to a knife: (TA:) and so ↓ حَالُوقَةٌ; applied to a sword; and also to a man. (Ibn-'Abbád, K.) [Hence, perhaps,] فُلَانٌ حَالِقٌ إِلَىَّ بِعَيْنِهِ (assumed tropical:) Such a one is looking at me intently, or sharply; as also ↓ مُحَلِّقٌ. (T, TA in art. زنر.) b3: (assumed tropical:) Quick, or swift; and light, active, or agile. (TA.) b4: (assumed tropical:) Lean, or light of flesh; slender, and lean; or lean, and lank in the belly. (TA.) b5: Accord. to A'Obeyd and the K, it means An udder: and accord. to the K, it means also full: (TA:) but it is an epithet applied to an udder; and thus applied, it has this latter meaning, i. e. (tropical:) full; (T, S, TA;) so ISd thinks; (TA;) as though the milk in it reached to its حَلْق: (S, TA:) or big, so that it rubs off the hair of the thighs by reason of its bigness: (TA:) and it has also the contr. meaning; (T, TA;) raised (IAar, T, Kr, ISd, TA) towards the belly, (Kr, ISd, TA,) and contracted, (T, Kr, ISd, TA,) so that its milk has become scanty, (IAar, T, TA,) or has gone away: (Kr, ISd, TA:) pl. حُلَّقٌ and حَوَالِقُ (S, TA) and حَلَقَةٌ. (TA. [The last is mentioned as pl. of حالق in the latter sense.]) Accord. to As, أَصْبَحَتْ ضَرَّةُ النَّاقَةِ حَالِقًا means (assumed tropical:) The she-camel's udder became nearly full. (TA.) And one says نَاقَةٌ حَالقٌ meaning A she-camel having much milk: (TA:) or having great abundance of milk, and a large udder: and ↓ إبِلٌ مُحَلِّقَةٌ camels having much milk: (En-Nadr, TA:) and the pl. of حالق is حَوَالِقُ and حُلَّقٌ. (TA.) b6: (tropical:) A high mountain, (S, K, TA,) rising above what surrounds it, and without vegetable produce: or, as some say, a mountain having no vegetable produce; as though it were shaven, or shorn; of the measure فَاعِلٌ in the sense of the measure مَفْعُولٌ: but Z says that it is from حَلَّقَ, said of a bird: (TA:) and a high, or an overtopping or overlooking, place. (S.) One says also, هَوَى مِنْ حَالِقٍ, meaning (assumed tropical:) He fell from a high to a low place. (Har p. 37.) And its pl. حُلُقٌ signifies (assumed tropical:) The vacant spaces between heaven and earth. (TA.) A2: (tropical:) Unlucky (K, TA) to a people; as though peeling them; and so ↓ حَالِقَةٌ, accord. to the copies of the K; but correctly ↓ حَالُوقَةٌ, as in the O and Tekmileh. (TA.) A3: A tendril, or twining portion, of a grape-vine, (S, K, TA,) and of a colocynth and the like, (TA,) hanging to the shoots: (S, K, TA:) because it has a circular form, like a حَلْقَة [or ring]. (T, TA.) حَالِقَةٌ [an epithet (being fem. of حَالِقٌ q. v.) in which the quality of a subst. predominates] (tropical:) A year of drought, barrenness, or dearth: so in the saying, وَقَعَتْ فِيهِمْ حَالِقَةٌ لَا تَدَعُ شَيْئًا إِلَّا أَهْلَكَتْهُ (tropical:) [A year of drought, &c., happened among them, not leaving anything without its destroying it]. (TA.) b2: And الحَالِقَةُ (tropical:) The cutting, or abandoning, or forsaking, of kindred, or relations; syn. قَطِيعَةُ الرَّحِمِ; (Khálid Ibn-Jenebeh, K, TA;) and mutual wronging, and evil-speaking: (Khálid Ibn-Jenebeh, TA:) or that which destroys, and utterly cuts off, religion; like as the razor utterly cuts off hair: occurring in a trad., in which البَغْضَآءُ [i. e. vehement hatred] and الحَالِقَةُ are termed the disease of the nations (دَآءُ الأُمَمِ). (TA.) b3: See also حَالِقٌ, last sentence but one.

حَالُوقَةٌ: see حَالِقٌ, fifth sentence, and last sentence but one.

حَوَالِيقُ: see حُلْقَانٌ مِحْلَقٌ A razor; (K;) the instrument of shaving. (TA.) b2: [Hence,] كِسَآءٌ مِحْلَقٌ (S, K) (assumed tropical:) A very rough [garment of the kind called] كساء; (K, TA;) as though it shaved off the hair, (S, K,) by reason of its roughness: pl. مَحَالِقُ. (S.) المُحَلَّقُ The place of the shaving of the head, in [the valley of] Minè. (Lth, K.) A2: مُحَلَّقَةٌ, applied to camels: see حَلَقٌ.

مُحَلِّقٌ: see حُلْقَانٌ: b2: and حَالِقٌ, in two places. b3: Also A vessel less than full. (K.) b4: (assumed tropical:) Lean, or emaciated; applied to sheep or goats. (Ib-'Abbád, K.) b5: فَلَاةٌ مُحَلِّقٌ (assumed tropical:) A desert in which is no water. (TA.) مَحْلُوقٌ: see حَلِيقٌ, in two places.

مُحَلْقِمٌ: see حُلْقَانٌ.

مُحَلْقِنٌ: see حُلْقَانٌ.

حصل

1 حَصَلَ, (Msb, K, &c.,) aor. ـُ (TA,) inf. n. حُصُولٌ (Msb, K, &c.) and مَحْصُولٌ, (K,) like مَعْقُرلٌ and مَعْسُورٌ and مَيْسُورٌ, (TA,) [It was, or became, produced, educed, extracted, taken forth, or fetched out; as gold or silver from the stone of the mine, and the kernel from the shell, and wheat from the straw: (see 2:)] it came out, it became apparent: (KL:) it was, or existed, or came into being or existence; it became realized; syn. with the complete [i. e. attributive]

كَانَ: (Msb in art. كون:) [it presented itself: it was, or became, prepared, or ready: it became attained, obtained, gotten, or acquired:] it came, came to pass, happened, took place, betided, befell, or occurred; said of an event; syn. with وَقَعَ, (TA in art. وقع,) which is also syn. with the complete [or attributive] كَانَ; (Msb in art. كون;) likewise syn. with جَآءَ: (Er-Rághib, TA in art. جيأ:) [it resulted; and particularly as a sum; and as a product; and as a quotient: it ensued: it arose, originated, proceeded, came, supervened, or accrued: in which senses, also, it is syn. with the attributive كَانَ, and with جَآءَ, followed by مِنْ:] it remained, and continued, when the rest had gone, or passed away; (K, TA;) relating to a reckoning, and to an action, and the like: (TA:) and i. q. ثَبَتَ and وَجَبَ; as in the saying, حَصَلَ لِى عَلَيْهِ كَذَا [Such a thing, or sum, was, or became, or proved to be, binding, obligatory, or incumbent, on him to render as a debt to me]. (Msb.) A2: حَصِلَ, [aor. ـَ inf. n. حَصَلٌ, He (a horse) had a complaint of his belly from eating the earth of the herbage: (S:) or حَصِلَتِ الدَّابَّةُ, aor. ـَ (M, K,) inf. n. as above, (TA,) the beast ate earth, (M, K,) or pebbles, (K,) and they remained in its inside, (M, K,) fixed: (M:) or حَصَلٌ signifies a horse's taking into the mouth earth from the herbs, some of which earth, collecting in his belly, kills him: and the horse so killed is said to be ↓ حَصِلٌ: (T, TA:) or a camel's having pebbles [which he has swallowed] remaining in the omasum, so as not to come forth in the cud when he ruminates; and when this is the case, they sometimes kill: or a young camel's eating earth, and in consequence not ejecting the cud; which sometimes kills it. (TA.) b2: Said of a boy, it signifies وَقَعَ الحَصَى (K) or وَقَعَتِ الحَصَاةُ (O) فِى

أُنْثَيَيْهِ (O, K) [app. meaning The stones, or the stone, fell, or descended, in his scrotum: Freytag, following the TK, in which فى انثييه is considered (I know not on what authority) as meaning فى مَثَانَتِهِ, renders it “ laboravit lapidibus in vesica urinæ orientibus ”].2 حصّل, inf. n. تَحْصِيلٌ, a trans. verb; (S, Msb;) i. e. trans. of حَصَلَ, primarily signifying, accord. to IF, (Msb,) He produced, educed, extracted, took forth, or fetched out, gold [or silver] from the stone of the mine; (Msb, Er-Rághib, TA;) and in like manner, the kernel from the shell; and [the grain of] wheat from the straw: (Er-Rághib, TA:) he made a thing apparent; (Az, Er-Rághib, TA;) as, for instance, the kernel from the shell; and the حَاصِل [or result] of a computation: (Er-Rághib, TA:) [he brought into being, or existence; he realized:] he prepared, or made ready: (PS:) he separated, discriminated, or distinguished, (Az, K,) what remained and continued, when the rest had gone, or passed a way: (K: [in the CK, ما يُحَصَّلُ is erroneously put for ما يَحْصُلُ:]) he perceived a thing: he attained, or obtained, a thing: syn. أَدْرَكَ [in both these senses: and also as meaning he overtook]: (Abu-l-Bakà, TA:) he took, or got, or acquired, advantage, or profit; (KL;) i. q. أَخَذَ, and حَازَ: (B and TA in art. اخذ:) he collected: (Az, Er-Rághib, TA:) and [hence, app.,] تَحْصِيلُ كَلَامٍ signifies The reducing a sentence, or the like, to its ↓ مَحْصُول [here meaning its essential import, or its sum and substance]: (S, TA:) and حصّل الكَلَامُ كَذَا [The sentence, or speech, comprehended, or comprised, within its scope, such a thing]. (Msb in explanation of تَضَمَّنَ.) وَ حُصِّلَ مَا فِى الصُّدُورِ, in the Kur [c. 10], means and what is in the breasts, or minds, [of men] shall be made apparent: (Az, Er-Rághib, TA:) or discriminated: (Az, Bd, TA:) or collected, (Fr, Az, Bd, Er-Rághib, TA,) in the registers. (Bd.) A2: See also 4, in two places.4 احصل النَّخْلُ; (S, K;) and ↓ حصّل, inf. n. تَحْصِيلٌ; (K;) The palm-trees had حَصَل; i. e., dates that had not yet become hard, (S, K,) and of which the ثَفَارِيق [or bases] had not yet appeared; (S;) or dates that had become hard and round: and also, had حَصَل as meaning spadixes (طَلْع) that had become yellow: (K:) or احصل البَلَحُ the dates came forth from their ثفاريق, small: and ↓ حصّل they became round. (TA.) b2: احصل القَوْمُ The people had unripe, or ripening, dates appearing upon their palm-trees. (TA.) 5 تحصّل It became collected, and remained, or continued. (K, TA.) Q. Q. 1 حَوْصَلَ He (a bird, S) filled his حَوْصَلَة [i. e. stomach, or crop]. (S, K.) You say [to a bird], حَوْصِلِى وَ طِيرِى [Fill thy stomach, or crop, and fly]. (S.) حَصْلٌ: see what next follows: b2: and see حُصَالَةٌ.

حَصَلٌ (S, K) and ↓ حَصْلٌ, (M, K,) the latter used by poetic license, (ISd, TA,) Dates before they have become hard, (S, K,) and before their ثَفَارِيق [or bases] have appeared; n. un. حَصَلَةٌ: (S:) or when they have become hard and round. (IAar, K.) And The spadix of the palm-tree (طَلْع) when it has become yellow. (K.) Also, the former, What fall, and become scattered, of the produce of a palm-tree, green and fresh, like small green beads. (Aboo-Ziyád, TA.) b2: See also حُصَالَةٌ.

حَصِلٌ: see حَصِلَ.

حَصِيلٌ A certain plant. (S M, O, K.) حُصَالَةٌ What remains, of grain, in the place where it has been trodden out, after the removal [of the bulk] of the grain: (S, O:) or, as also ↓ حَصْلٌ (K, TA) and ↓ حَصَلٌ, (K,) what remains, of barley and wheat, in the place where it has been trodden out, after the bad thereof has been removed: and what comes forth from wheat, and is thrown away, such as [the weed called] زُؤَان, (K, TA,) and دنقة [i. e. دَنْقَة or دَنَقَة] and the like: or what comes forth from barley and wheat, and is thrown away, when it is somewhat grosser than dust, or earth, and than what are termed دُقَاق [q. v.]: (TA:) or the remains of wheat in the sieve, after the sifting, with what are mixed therewith; as also خُصَالَةٌ; but the former word is the more known. (JK and TA in art. خصل.) [See also حُثَالَةٌ.]

حَصِيلَةٌ: see حَاصِلٌ.

حُصَّالةٌ: see حَوْصَلَّةٌ.

حَاصِلٌ (T, S, M, Msb, K, KL) and ↓ حَصِيلَةٌ (S, K &c.) and ↓ مَحْصُولٌ (S, Msb, K) [and ↓ مُحَصَّلٌ] Produce; or what is produced, educed, extracted, taken forth, or fetched out: what is made apparent: profit, advantage, gain, or acquisition: (KL in explanation of the first word [but applying to all]:) [the result of a thing:] a remain, remainder, remaining portion, remnant, relic, residue, or the remains, of a thing; (S;) what remains, and continues, of anything, when the rest has gone, or passed away: (K:) it is of a reckoning, or computation, and of actions, and the like: (T, M, TA:) pl. of the second حَصَائِلُ. (S, TA.) The first also particularly signifies What is cleared, or purified, of silver [and of gold] from the stone of the mine. (TA.) [and The produce, or net produce, of land &c.; of anything that is a source of revenue; as also the third. The result of an arithmetical process; the sum, the product, and the quotient. The sum, or sum and substance, or essential import, of a sentence or the like; as also the third (see 2) and the fourth. And the result, end, conclusion, event, issue, ultimate consequence or effect, or ultimity, of anything.]

A2: See also حَوْصَلَةٌ.

حَوْصَلٌ A depressed place where water rests in a meadow, where the herbage is the latest to dry up: whence the ↓ حَوْصَلَة of a bird, as being the resting-place of what it eats. (Az, TA.) b2: The place where water rests, or remains, in the furthest part of a watering-trough or tank; (K;) as also ↓ حَوْصَلَةٌ. (ISd, K.) b3: See also حَوْصَلَةٌ. b4: Also A sheep or goat large in the part of the belly above the navel. (M, K.) A2: A certain plant. (TA.) حَيْصَلٌ The [plant called] بَاذَنْجَان [q. v.] (K.) حَوْصَلَةٌ: see حَوْصَلٌ, in two places. b2: The حَوْصَلَة of a bird (S, Msb, K) is [The stomach; the triple stomach, consisting of the crop, or craw, the second stomach, and the gizzard, or true stomach: and often, particularly, the first of these three: see جِرِّيْئَةٌ and جِرِّيَّةٌ:] that which, to a bird, is like the مَعِدَة to a man; (K;) also called ↓ حَوْصَلَّةٌ (Msb, K) and ↓ حَوْصَلَآءُ and ↓ حَوْصَلٌ: (K:) and of an animal having a cloven hoof or a خُفّ, i. q. مَصَارِينُ [q. v.]: (Az, TA:) pl. حَوَاصِلُ. (S, TA.) b3: Hence the حَوَاصِل [i. e. (assumed tropical:) Storerooms, or magazines,] of kháns: [also meaning (assumed tropical:) the cells of prisons:] of which the sing. is حَوْصَلَةٌ: not, as the vulgar say, ↓ حَاصِلٌ. (TA.) b4: Also, the sing., The lower part of the belly, as far as the pubes, (K, TA,) of a man, (TA,) and of any animal: (K, TA:) or the place where the feces collect, below the navel: or the part between the navel and the pubes. (TA.) b5: نَاقَةٌ ضَخْمَةُ الحَوْصَلَةِ A she-camel big in the belly. (TA.) حَوْصَلَآءُ: see حَوْصَلَةٌ.

حَوْصَلَّةٌ: see حَوْصَلَةٌ. b2: Also A thing resembling a حُقَّةٌ [q. v.], made of baked clay; vulgarly called ↓ حُصَّالَةٌ. (TA.) مُحَصَّلٌ: see حَاصِلٌ.

مُحَصِّلٌ One who clears, or purifies, silver [and gold] from the stone of the mine. (TA.) and مُحَصِّلَةٌ A woman who separates (تُحَصِّلُ) the earth of the mine [for the purpose of extracting the gold or silver]. (S, K.) مَحْصُولٌ: see حَاصِلٌ: and see also 2.

مُحَوْصَلٌ (K) and مُحَوْصِلٌ, (K, TA,) or ↓ مُحْصَوْصِلٌ, (so in my MS. copy of the K,) or مُحْصَوْصِلٌ, (so in the CK,) One who is protuberant in his lower part [of the belly], next his navel, like her who is pregnant: (K:) so in the M. (TA.) مُحْصَوْصِلٌ, or مُحْصُوصَلٌ: see what next precedes.

حفل

1 حَفَلَ, aor. ـِ inf. n. حَفْلٌ and حُفُولٌ and حَفِيلٌ, said of water, and of milk (K) in the udder (TA) [or breast], It collected; as also ↓ تحِفّل and ↓ احتفل. (K, TA. [In the CK, احَتَفَلَهُ is erroneously put for احْتَفَلَ.]) And حَفْلٌ signifies The collecting of water, i. e. its becoming collected, in its مَحْفِل, meaning its place of collecting. (TA.) b2: حَفَلَ الدَّمْعُ, (M, K,) inf. n. حَفْلٌ, (TA,) The tears became copious. (M, K, TA.) In some copies of the K, نثر is here erroneously put for كَثُرَ. (TA.) b3: حَفَلَ الوَادِى

بِالسَّيْلِ The valley brought the torrent so as that it filled its sides; as also ↓ احتفل: (K:) or the latter signifies the valley became filled by the torrent: (S:) or احتفل الوادى the valley became full, and flowed. (Msb.) b4: حَفَلَتِ السَّمَآءُ, (S, M, K,) inf. n. حَفْلٌ, (S,) The sky rained vehemently: (K:) or the rain fell profusely. (S, * M, TA.) b5: حَفَلَتْ, said of a woman, She collected the milk in her breasts. (TA.) And of camels, one says, (K in art. شكر,) حَفَلَتْ مِنَ الرَّبِيعِ [They abounded in milk, or had their udders full, from the herbage called ربيع]. (S and K in that art. [See حَافِلٌ.]) b6: حَفَلَ القَوْمُ, (S, Msb, K,) aor. ـِ inf. n. حَفْلٌ; (Msb;) and ↓ احتفلوا; (S, Msb, K;) The people, or party, collected themselves together (S, Msb, K) in a sitting-place: (Msb:) they collected themselves together, aiding one another, or for one thing or affair; syn. احتشدوا. (S.) And حَفَلُوا لَهُ They combined for him, [or on his account,] and took pains, or exerted themselves, in treating him with courtesy and honour; as also حَشَدُوا لَهُ. (Fr, L in art. حشد.) b7: See also 8.

A2: حَفَلَهُ: see 2.

A3: حَفَلْتُ بِفُلَانٍ I managed, or conducted, the affair, or affairs, of such a one. (Msb.) And بِالأُمُورِ ↓ احتفل He managed, or conducted, affairs, or the affairs, well. (IDrd, K.) b2: حَفَلْتُ كَذَا, aor. ـِ I cared for, minded, heeded, or regarded, such a thing. (S.) And مَا حَفَلَهُ, and مَا حَفَلَ بِهِ, aor. ـِ (M, K,) inf. n. حَفْلٌ; (TA;) and بِهِ ↓ ما احتفل [and لَهُ; so in the T and TA in art. ربأ]; He did not care for, mind, heed, or regard, it, or him. (M, K.) And لَا تَحْفِلْ بِهِ Do not thou care for, mind, &c., it, or him. (S.) And لَا تَحْفِلْ بِأَمْرهِ Do not thou ask his affair, nor be disquieted thereby. (Msb.) A4: حَفَلَهُ, aor. ـِ (S,) inf. n. حَفْلٌ, (TA,) He, or it, made it, or rendered it, clear, unobscured, apparent, plainly apparent, or conspicuous; (S, TA;) as, for instance, black hair the colour of a pearl, increasing [in appearance] its whiteness; (TA;) exposed it to view; displayed it; syn. جَلَاهُ [perhaps here signifying also he polished it]. (S, TA.) 2 حفّلُه, (Mgh, * Msb, K,) inf. n. تَحْفِيلٌ; (TA;) and ↓ حَفَلَهُ, (K,) inf. n. حَفْلٌ; (TA;) He collected it, or caused it to collect; (Mgh, Msb, K;) namely, water, (K,) and milk (Mgh, Msb, K) in the udder (Mgh) of a ewe or she-goat, (Mgh, Msb,) or of a she-camel, or of a cow, in order to deceive the purchaser, that he might increase the price. (Mgh.) Hence one says, حفّل الشَّاةَ, (S, * Msb, K, *) or البَقَرَةَ, or النَّاقَةَ, (TA,) inf. n. as above, (S, K,) He abstained from milking the ewe or she-goat, (S, Msb, K, *) or the cow, or the she-camel, (TA,) for some days, in order that the milk might collect in her udder, for sale, (S, K, *) or until the milk collected in her udder. (Msb.) The Prophet forbade the doing this. (S.) A2: He adorned him, or it. (K, * TA.) 5 تحفّل: see 1, first signification. b2: Also, said of a sitting-place, It abounded with company; had many persons in it. (ISd, K.) A2: He adorned himself; (K;) as also ↓ احتفل. (TA.) and تَحَفَّلِى لِزَوْجِكِ Adorn thyself that thou mayest be in favour with thy husband. (TA.) and ↓ العَرُوسُ تَحْتَفِلُ The bride adorns herself. (TA.) b2: It was, or became, clear, unobscured, apparent, plainly apparent, conspicuous, exposed to view, or displayed; (S;) as also ↓ احتفل: (S, K: *) each is quasi-pass. of حَفَلَهُ as explained in the last sentence of the first paragraph in this art.: (S:) the latter, said of a road, means It was, or became, apparent. (As, K.) 8 احتفل: see 1, in five places: A2: and 5, in three places.

A3: اِحْتِفَالٌ also signifies The exceeding the usual, or ordinary, or the just, or proper, bounds, or degree; acting egregiously, or immoderately, or extravagantly; striving, or labouring; exerting oneself, or one's power or efforts or endeavours or ability; or the like; syn. مُبَالَغَةٌ; and so حَفيلٌ [an inf. n. of ↓ حَفَلَ]. (M, K.) b2: and اَحتفل, said of a horse, He showed his rider that he had attained his utmost speed of running, and yet had some remaining power. (AO, K.) حَفْلٌ A company of men; as in the saying, عِنْدَهُ حَفْلٌ مِنَ النَّاسِ [With him, or at his abode, is a company of men]: originally an inf. n. (S.) b2: جَمْعٌ حَفْلٌ and ↓ حَفِيلٌ [which latter is also originally an inf. n. (see 1 and 8)] A numerous company. (K.) A2: ذُوحَفْلٍ, (K,) and ↓ ذو حَفْلَةٍ, (S, K,) and ↓ حَفِيلٌ, (K,) فِى أَمْرِهِ, (TA,) A man who exerts himself, or his power or efforts or endeavours or ability, or who takes pains or extraordinary pains, in that which he sets about. (S, K, TA.) And ↓ أَخَذَ لِلْأَمْرِ حَفْلَتَهُ He strove, or laboured; exerted himself, or his power or efforts or endeavours or ability; or took pains or extraordinary pains; in the affair. (Sgh, K.) حِفْلٌ: see حُفَالَةٌ.

حَفْلَةٌ: see حَفْلٌ, in two places: and see also جَاؤُوا بِحَفِيلَتِهِمْ, below.

دَعَاهُمُ الحَفَلَى and ↓ الأَجْفَلَى dial. vars. of الجَفَلَى and الأَجْفَلَى, (M, K,) which are more common; meaning He invited them with their company. (M, TA. [See art. جفل.]) حُفَالٌ Milk collected. (IAar, K.) b2: A great company. (IAar, K.) حَفُولٌ: see حَافِلٌ. b2: Also, applied to a woman, Beautiful, goodly, or comely; syn. جَمِيلَةٌ: (Ibn-'Abbád, TA:) pl. حَفَائِلُ, or, as some say, حَوَافِلُ. (TA.) حَفِيلٌ: see حَفْلٌ, in two places.

حُفَالَةٌ The bad, or vile, of anything: (As, S:) of wheat, what comes forth and is thrown away; [like حُثَالَةٌ;] (TA;) and ↓ حِفْلٌ [in like manner] signifies the حُثَالَة of wheat: (AA, TA:) also, the former, what is thin, of the dregs of oil (K, TA) and perfume, (TA,) and of the froth of milk: (CK:) or it signifies also the froth of milk: (ISd, K, TA:) and the worthless of mankind; those in whom is no good; (As, S;) like حُثَالَةٌ; (As, S, K;) as in the saying هُوَ مِنْ حُفَالَتِهِمْ [He is of the worthless of them]. (As. S.) جَاؤُوا بِحَفِيلَتِهِمْ They came, all of them, or all together: (M, K:) in the O, ↓ بِحَفْلَتِهِمْ. (TA.) b2: كَانَ حَفِيلَةُ مَا أَعْطَى دِرْهَمًا The utmost amount that he gave was a dirhem. (TA.) حَافِلٌ A valley, and a small water-course (شُعْبَةٌ), flowing with a copious torrent. (S.) An udder full of milk: (S:) or having much milk: pl. حُفَّلٌ (K) and حَوَافِلُ also: (Har p. 131:) it has also the latter meaning applied to a ewe or she-goat; (K;) pl. حُفُلٌ: (TA:) and so have حَافِلَةٌ and ↓ حَفُولٌ applied to a she-camel. (K.) مَدَامِعُ حُفَّلٌ Copious flowings of tears. (TA.) دَعَاهُمُ الأَحْفَلَى: see الحَفَلَى.

مَحْفِلٌ A place of collecting of water. (TA.) b2: A place of assembling, or congregating, (T, S, Msb, K,) of a people; (S, Msb;) as also ↓ مُحْتَفَلٌ: (S, K:) or a place of assembling, or congregating, of many persons: (El-Ámidee, MF:) or a place in which is an assembly, or congregation: (El-Munáwee, TA:) and a sittingplace: (T, TA:) pl. مَحَافِلُ. (Msb.) b3: [and The elevated platform for the مُبَلِّغُون in a mosque; also (in Egypt) called دَكَّةٌ, vulg. دِكَّة, it is surrounded by a low railing or parapet, and generally supported by small columns.]

مُحَفَّلَةٌ A ewe, or she-goat, left unmilked (S, Msb) for some days, in order that the milk may collect in her udder, for sale, (S,) or until the milk has collected in her udder: (Msb:) or a ewe, or she-goat, or a she-camel, or a cow, whose milk has been made to collect in the udder, in order to deceive the purchaser, that he may increase the price: (Mgh:) originally مُحَفَّلٌ لَبَنُهَا. (Msb.) مُحَافِلٌ Contending for superiority in number &c. (TA.) b2: هُوَ مُحَافِظٌ عَلَى حَسَبِهِ مُحَافِلٌ He is one who preserves his nobility, or honourableness. (Az, K.) مُحْتَفَلٌ: see مَحْفِلٌ. b2: Also The most fleshy part of the flesh of the thigh and shank. (TA.) b3: And The main part of an affair: (TA:) [and likewise of a place, or tract, or region; for]

مُحْتَفَلُ البَيْدَآءِ signifies the main part of the desert; syn. مُعْظَمُهَا and مُتَجَمَّعُهَا. (TA in art. جمع.)

حقل

3 مُحَاقَلَةٌ [inf. n. of حَاقَلَ] The selling of seed-produce in the ear for the grain of wheat: (S, M, Mgh, Sgh, Msb, K:) or the selling of seed-produce while in growth, before it appears to be in a good state: or the making a bargain, or contract, with another, for labour upon land, on the condition of his receiving a third, or a fourth, or less, or more, of the produce: or the hiring of land for the grain of wheat: (M, Mgh, Sgh, K:) or the buying of seed-produce while in growth for the grain of wheat. (Mgh.) 4 احقل It (seed-produce) became such as is termed حَقْل, q. v.: (S, K:) or put forth its head. (Mgh.) b2: احقلت الأَرْضُ The land became in the condition of having what is termed حَقْل. (K, * TA.) Q. Q. 1 حَوْقَلَ, inf. n. حَوْقَلَةٌ and حِيقَالٌ, for which latter some say حَوْقَالٌ, He (an old man) became aged, and languid in respect of the venereal faculty: (S:) or حَوْقَلَةٌ signifies the lacking ability to exercise the venereal faculty, (K,) accord. to Az, on the occasion of one's having his bride brought to him. (TA.) b2: حَوْقَلَةٌ also signifies The being weary, and weak. (K.) b3: The state of sleeping. (K.) b4: The act, or state, of retrograding, or declining; syn. إِدْبَارٌ. (K.) b5: An old man's resting, or staying, his hands upon his waist. (K.) b6: The walking quickly, and with short steps. (K.) A2: and حَوْقَلَهُ, (TA,) inf. n. حَوْقَلَةٌ, (K, TA,) He impelled, or repelled, him, or it; syn. دَفَعَهُ. (K, * TA.) A3: حَوْقَلَةٌ [inf. n. of حَوْقَلَ] also signifies The saying لَا حَوْلَ وَلَا قُوَّةَ إِلَّا بِاللّٰهِ; (TA in art. حوقل;) i. q. حَوْلَقَةٌ. (K in that art.) حَقْلٌ Seed-produce when its leaves have branched forth, (S, M, Msb, K,) and become apparent and numerous, (M, K,) before its stalks have become thick: (S:) or when its shoots have come forth near together: or as long as it is green: (M, K:) or of which the head has come forth. (Lth, L in art. فرخ.) b2: And Land such as is termed قَرَاح; i. e. land in which are no trees: (Msb:) or good قَرَاح: n. un. with ة: (S:) or a good قَرَاح in which one sows; as also with ة: (K:) or a place that has never been sown; and so, accord. to some, with ة: (TA:) whence, (K,) it is said in a prov., (S,) لَا تُنْبِتُ البَقْلَةَ إِلَّا الحَقْلَةُ [Nothing but the good seed-plot produces the herb]: (S, K:) said to be applied to a base saying proceding from a base man: [or it means, as the father, os is the son: (Freytag's Arab. Prov. ii. 516:)] but ISd says that الحقلة is not known; and he thinks that the ة is added in order to make it accord with البقلة; or that it means a portion of what is termed حَقْلٌ: (TA:) the pl. is حُقُولٌ. (Msb.) حَاقِلٌ A tiller, or cultivator, of land. (TA.) حَوْقَلٌ An old man, who is languid in respect of the venereal faculty: or an aged man, absolutely: and a man who is weary. (TA.) b2: See also what next follows.

حَوْقَلَةٌ A soft, or flaccid, penis; (S, K;) as also ↓ حَوْقَلٌ: (TA:) or the latter signifies [simply] a penis: (K:) the former, accord. to Abu-l-Ghowth, signifies the penis of an old man who is languid in respect of the venereal faculty: some of those of post-classical times pronounce it with ف. (S.) b2: A flask, or bottle, (قَارُورَةٌ,) with a long neck, used by the water-carrier: (K:) app. formed by substitution [of ق for ج,] from حَوْجَلَةٌ. (TA.) مَحْقَلةٌ sing. of مَحَاقِلُ, (TK,) which signifies Places of seed-produce; syn. مَزَارِعُ. (K: but in some copies, in the place of المَحَاقِلُ and المَزَارِعُ, we find المُحَاقِلُ; and المُزَارِعُ.) [See an ex. voce مَحْقَنَةٌ.]

حول

1 حَالَ, (S, Mgh, Msb, K, &c.,) aor. ـُ Msb, Er-Rághib,) inf. n. حَوْلٌ and حُؤُولٌ (K, Er-Rághib) [and حَوَلَانٌ], It (a thing) became altered, transmuted, or changed, (S, * Mgh, Msb, Er-Rághib, TA,) from its state, or condition, (S, Mgh,) or from its natural state or condition, and its constitution; as also ↓ استحال; (Msb;) i. q. ↓ تحوّل; (K:) which [here] signifies [as above; or] it became altered, transmuted, or changed, whether essentially or substantially, or in respect of predicament [or state or condition], or by saying; (Er-Rághib, TA;) and ↓ احال signifies the same: (K:) or this last is said of a man meaning مِنْ شَىْءٍ إِلَى شَىْءٍ ↓ تحوّل [he shifted, or turned, from one thing to another]: (TA:) and hence, (TA,) he became a Muslim: (IAar, K, TA:) for in this case one says of a man, عَمَّا كَانَ ↓ تحوّل يَعْبُدُ إِلَى الإِسْلَامِ [he turned from that which he was worshipping to El-Islám]. (IAar, TA.) b2: [Hence, also,] حال, inf. n. مَحَالٌ and حِيلَةٌ, i. q. احتال, q. v. (Ham p. 652.) b3: And حال and ↓ استحال It (anything) shifted, or removed, or went, or became shifted or transferred; syn. تحوّل: or it moved; syn. تحرّك: so accord. to different copies of the K: or, accord. to the O, the former verb has both of these significations: (TA:) or it has the latter of these significations, said of a شَخْص [i. e. a man, or person, or the figure of a thing seen from a distance]: (S:) or both verbs signify it (anything) became altered, or changed, (M, K,) from straightness, or evenness, (K,) to crookedness, or unevenness. (M, K.) You say, حَالَتِ القَوْسُ The bow became crooked (K, TA) in the portion between the part grasped by the hand and the curved extremity; or in the curved extremity: (TA:) or reverted from the state into which it was brought by pressure [with the ثِقَاف], and became crooked in the portion between the part grasped by the hand and the curved extremity; as also ↓ استحالت: (S, O:) and in like manner, الأَرْضُ عَنِ الاِسْتِوَآءِ إِلَى ↓ استحالتِ العِوَجِ [The ground became altered, or changed, from evenness to unevenness]: (S:) or [simply]

↓ استحالت it became uneven: (Msb:) [and الارض ↓ أَحَالَتِ (K in art. صمت) app. signifies the same:] or ↓ استحال signifies it (a thing) was disposed, or was about, to become altered, or changed. (Er-Rághib, TA.) And حال لَوْنُهُ Its colour altered, or changed, and became black. (S.) And حال It (a thing) shifted from its way, or manner, or direction. (TA.) And حال وَتَرُ القَوْسِ The string of the bow shifted from its place on the occasion of shooting: and حَالَتِ القَوْسُ وَتَرَهَا, [the bow shifted from its string.] (TA.) And حال مِنْ مَكَانِهِ, inf. n. حِوَلٌ, (O, TA,) or this is a simple subst., (S, M, K,) He, or it, shifted, or removed, from his, or its, place. (O, TA. [See حِوَلٌ, below.]) And حال إِلَى مَكَانٍ آخِرِ i. q. ↓ تحوّل [i. e. He, or it, shifted, or removed, or became shifted or transferred, to another place]. (S.) And حال عَنِ العَهْدِ, inf. n. حُؤُولٌ, i. q. انقلب [i. e. He withdrew, or receded, from the covenant, compact, agreement, or engagement]. (S.) b4: حال فِى مَتْنِ فَرَسِهِ, inf. n. حُؤُولٌ, He leaped, and rode, upon the back of his horse; as also ↓ احال: (S:) or حال فِى ظَهْرِ دَابَّتِهِ he leaped, and seated himself firmly, upon the back of his beast; as also ↓ احال: (K, TA:) and حال عَلَى

الفَرَسِ, (TA,) inf. n. حَوْلَةٌ, (K, * TA,) he seated himself firmly upon the horse. (K, * TA.) b5: حال صَبُوحُهُمْ عَلَى غَبُوقِهِمْ, Their morning-draught and their evening-draught became one, is said of people suffering from drought, and scarcity of milk. (TA.) b6: حال, (Mgh, Msb, K,) aor. as above, inf. n. حَوْلٌ, (Msb,) said of a year (حَوْلٌ), (Mgh, K,) It passed: (Msb:) or it revolved and passed: (Mgh:) or it became complete. (K.) You say, حال عَلَيْهِ الحَوْلُ, (S, K,) inf. n. حَوْلٌ and حُؤُولٌ, (K,) The year passed over him, or it; [or he, or it, became a year old;] (S, K;) as also ↓ احال. (S.) And حال, alone, (Msb, TA,) and ↓ احال and ↓ أَحْوَلَ, (Msb,) The year passed over it. (Msb, TA.) And ↓ احال (S, K) and ↓ أَحْوَلَ (S, TA) and ↓ احتال (K) A year passed over it; [or it became a year old;] (S, K, TA;) said of wheat, or food, and of other things: (S, TA:) and so حالت and ↓ احالت and ↓ أَحْوَلَتْ said of a دار [or house]: (S:) or حَالَتِ الدَّارُ and ↓ احالت and ↓ أَحْوَلَت and حِيلَ بِالدَّارِ years passed over the house: (K:) or the house became altered, or changed, and years passed over it: and in like manner one says, أَعَامَت and أَشْهَرَت. (TA.) and حال said of a boy, A year passed over him; [or he became a year old;] (S;) as also ↓ احول. (K.) And بِالمَكَانِ ↓ احال (Ks, S, Msb, K) and ↓ أَحْوَلَ (Ks, S, K) He remained, stayed, abode, or dwelt, a year in the place: (Ks, S, Msb, K:) or, as some say, a long time. (TA.) b7: حَالَتْ, inf. n. حِيَالٌ (S, Msb, K) and حِيَالَةٌ and حُؤُولٌ (K) and حُولٌ; (S;) and ↓ احالت, and ↓ حوّلت; (K;) said of a she-camel, (S, K,) &c., (K,) She did not conceive, or become pregnant, during a year, or two years, or some years: (K:) or she, having been covered by the stallion, did not become pregnant: (S, K:) or, said of a woman, and of a she-camel, she did not become pregnant. (Msb.) And حالت, (S, Mgh, Msb, TA,) and ↓ احالت, (Mgh,) said of a palm-tree (نَخْلَةٌ), It bore one year, and not another year: (Mgh, TA:) or did not bear, (S, Msb,) having been fecundated. (S.) b8: حال الشَّىْءُ بَيْنِى وَبَيْنَكَ, (S, Er-Rághib,) or بَيْنَ الشَّيْئَيْنِ, (Mgh, * K,) inf. n. حَيْلُولَةٌ, [originally حَيْوَلُولَةٌ,] (Mgh, Msb,) like كَيْنُونَةٌ [&c.], (Mgh,) and حُؤُولٌ (Mgh) and حَوْلٌ, (Er-Rághib, TA,) The thing intervened as a separation, a partition, a fence, a barrier, or an obstacle, or obstruction, (S, K, Er-Rághib, TA,) between me and thee, (S, Er-Rághib, TA,) or between the two things. (K.) You say, حال النَّهْرُ بَيْنَنَا The river intervened as a separation, or an obstacle, between us, preventing conjunction, or communication. (Msb.) and حال الشَّىْءُ دُونَ الشَّىْءِ [The thing intervened as an obstacle in the way to the thing]. (S voce اِعْتَرَضَ.) It is said in the Kur [viii. 24], وَاعْلَمُوا

أَنَّ اللّٰهَ يَحُولُ بَيْنَ المَرْءِ وَقَلْبِهِ [And know ye that God interveneth, or interposeth, between the man and his heart, or secret thoughts, or desire]: indicating that He turns him from his desire: (Er-Rághib, TA:) or that He possesses his heart, and turns it as He wills: (O, TA:) or that a man cannot believe nor disbelieve unless it be God's will: (Jel:) or, as some say, that God destroys a man; or reduces him to the vilest condition of life, in order that he may not know, after knowing, anything. (Er-Rághib, TA. [See other remote interpretations in the Ksh, and the Expos. of Bd.]) And in the same [xxxiv. 53], وَحِيلَ بَيْنَهُمْ وَ بَيْنَ مَا يَشْتَهُونَ [And an obstacle shall be made to intervene between them and that which they shall eagerly desire]. (TA.) b9: And حال الشَّىْءُ The thing poured out, or forth. (TA.) [See also 4.]

A2: حَوِلَتْ عَيْنُهُ, (S, K,) and حَالَتْ, inf. n. تَحَالُ, (K,) the latter, of the dial. of Temeem, accord. to Lth, (TA,) [but see what follows,] inf. n. حَوَلٌ; (S, M, Mgh, K;) and ↓ احولّت, (S, K,) inf. n. ↓ اِحْوِلَالٌ; (K;) His eye [squinted; i. e.] had the white apparent at the outer angle, and the black next the inner angle: (M, K:) or had the black turning towards the nose: (Lth, M, K:) or had one of the two blacks turned towards the nose, and the other towards the temple: (Mgh:) or had its black next the outer angle: or his eye was as though it looked towards the حِجَاج [or supraorbital bone]: or had the black inclining towards the outer angle: (M, K:) the first of which meanings is that commonly known: but some say that حَالَتْ signifies it was turned from its proper state: or it is anomalous: (TA:) the epithet applied to the man is ↓ أَحْوَلُ, (S, Mgh, K,) and ↓ حَوِلٌ: and that applied to the eye is [the fem. of the former of these, i. e.] ↓ حَوْلَآءُ: (K:) the pl. of which, and of the masc., is حُولٌ. (Har p. 412.) 2 حوّلهُ, inf. n. تَحْوِيلٌ, He altered it, transmuted it, or changed it, whether essentially, or substantially, or in respect of predicament [or state or condition], or by saying; (Er-Rághib, TA:) [as also ↓ احالهُ.] b2: [Hence, He turned it over, or about, in his mind, considering what might be its results, and so managed it; namely, an affair; like قَلَّبَهُ.] You say, رَجُلٌ بَصِيرٌ بِتَحْوِيلِ الأُمُورِ [A man who is knowing, skilful, or intel-ligent, in turning affairs over, or about, in his mind, &c.]. (S, TA.) And رَأْيَهُ فِى الأَمْرِ ↓ احال He altered, or changed, his opinion respecting the thing, or affair. (MA.) b3: He shifted it, removed it, or transferred it, from one place to another: (S, * Mgh, O, Msb, TA:) or حوّلهُ إِلَيْهِ he shifted it, removed it, or transferred it, to it, or him: (K:) and ↓ احالهُ signifies the same. (Msb.) [Hence,] حوّل الرِّدَآءَ, (Msb,) inf. n. as above, (Mgh,) He put the right side of the [garment called] رداء on the left: (Mgh:) or he shifted each extremity of the رداء to the place of the other. (Msb.) b4: He transferred, or transcribed, what was in it, namely, a book, or writing, to another, without doing away with the original form. (TA.) b5: He made it, or pronounced it to be, مُحَال [i. e. absurd, inconsistent, self-contradictory, unreal, or impossible]. (K. [See also 4.]) b6: حوّل عَيْنُهُ: see 4.

A2: See also 5, in two places. b2: حَوَّلَتْ said of a she-camel &c., i. q. حَالَتْ: (K:) see 1.3 حاولهُ, (S, M, K,) inf. n. مُحَاوَلَةٌ (M, K, KL) and حِوَالٌ, (M, K, TA, [in the CK, erroneously, حَوال,]) He desired it: (S, KL:) he sought it: (M, K, KL:) or he sought it by an artful contrivance or device; or by artful, or skilful, management; by turning over, or revolving, thoughts, ideas, schemes, or contrivances, in his mind, so as to find a way of attaining his object; syn. طَلَبَهُ بِحِيلَةٍ, (A,) or بِالْحِيلَةِ. (Har p. 326.) Aboo-Heiyeh En-Numeyree says, وَمَنْ يُحَاوِلُ شَيْئًا فِى فَمِ الأَسَدِ [And who will seek to get a thing in the mouth of the lion?] (Freytag's Arab. Prov. ii. 714.) and one says, حاول مِنْهَا الجِمَاعَ [He desired, or sought, of her, copulation, using blandishment, or artifice, for that purpose]. (T in art. رود, بِكَ أُحَاوِلُ occurring in a trad., means بك أُطَالِبُ [app. By means of Thee I seek, or demand, that which I want]. (Az, M, A, TA.) One says also, حَاوَلْتُهُ

أَنْ يَفْعَلَ الأَمْرَ [I sought, or endeavoured, to induce him to do the thing], and أَنْ يَتْرُكَهُ [to leave it]. (A in art. دور.) And, of water, حاول أَنْ يَجْمُدَ (L and K in art. جمد) (assumed tropical:) It was about to congeal, or freeze; was at the point of congealing, or freezing. (TK in that art.) b2: حَاوَلْتُ لَهُ بَصَرِى

I looked sharply, or intently, at him; I cast my eyes at him. (ISd, K.) 4 احال, as an intrans. v.: see 1, in eighteen places. b2: تَجَنَّبَ رَوْضَةً وَأَحَالَ يَعْدُو [He withdrew from a meadow, and set to running,] is a prov., meaning he forsook abundance of herbage, or of the goods and conveniences and comforts of life, and preferred to it straitness, or difficulty. (S.) b3: احال عَلَيْهِ بِالسَّوْطِ He set upon him with the whip, (S, MA, K,) يَضْرِبُهُ [striking him]: (S:) or he desired to strike him with the whip: or he struck him with the whip: (MA:) and أَحَلْتُهُ بِالسَّوْطِ, and بِالرُّمْحِ, [if احلته be not a mistranscription for أَحَلْتُ عَلَيْهِ, in the MS. from which I take this, as it may be inferred to be from what here precedes and follows,] I aimed at him with the whip, and with the spear, and set upon him with it: whence the saying, of him who has struck one at the point of death, and killed him, يُحِيلُ المَوْتَ عَلَى الضَّرْبِ, i. e. (assumed tropical:) He makes death [as it were] to hang upon, and cleave to, striking; like as the spear is made to cleave to the مُحَال عَلَيْه, who is the person thrust, or pierced. (Msb.) El-Farezdak says, (S, TA,) addressing Hubeyreh Ibn-Damdam, (TA,) وَكُنْتَ كَذِئْبِ السَّوْءِ لَمَّا رَأَى دَمًا بِصَاحِبِهِ يَوْمًا أَحَالَ عَلَى الدَّمِ i. e. [And thou mast like the wicked wolf: when he saw blood upon his companion, one day,] he set upon the blood. (S, TA.) b4: [Hence, perhaps,] حال عَلَيْهِ He reckoned him, or esteemed him, weak. (K.) b5: احال اللَّيْلِ Night poured upon the earth; (K;) and came on. (TA.) [See also 1, last sentence but one.] b6: احال بِفُلَانٍ الخُبْزُ The bread fattened such a one; and in like manner one says of anything by which one becomes fat. (AA, TA.) b7: And احال He did, or said, what was مُحَال [i. e. absurd, inconsistent, self-contradictory, unreal, or impossible]. (S, Sgh, K. *) b8: And His camels did not conceive, or become pregnant, (AA, S, K,) during a year, or two years, or some years, (K,) having been covered. (S.) A2: As a trans. v.: see 2, in three places. b2: احال الغَرِيمَ He referred the creditor, from himself, [for the payment of what was due to him,] to another. (M, K.) and أَحَلْتُهُ بِدَيْنِهِ I transferred his debt [i. e. the debt due to him from me] by making another person than myself responsible for it. (Msb.) and أَحَلْتُ زَيْدًا بِمَا كَانَ لَهُ عَلَىَّ عَلَى رَجُلٍ I referred, or turned over, Zeyd, for the payment of what was due to him from me, to a certain man, transferring the responsibility for the debt to the latter: in which case, I am termed ↓ مُحِيلٌ; and Zeyd is termed ↓ مُحَالٌ; and the other man, عَلَيْهِ ↓ مُحَالٌ, and عليه ↓ مُحْتَالٌ, and ↓ حَوِيلٌ; and the property, بِهِ ↓ مُحَالٌ: (Mgh:) and ↓ حَيِّلٌ, [originally حَوِيلٌ or حَيْوِلٌ,] also, is applied to him to whom the reference is made; and to him who accepts the reference; both together being termed حَيِّلَانِ. (Aboo-Sa'eed, TA.) And you say, احال عَلَيْهِ بِدَيْنِهِ [He referred a person to him for the payment of his debt]. (S.) And احال [alone] He transferred the debt for which he was responsible to the responsibility of another. (Har p. 59.) And أَحَلْتُ الأَمْرَ عَلَى زَيْدٍ [I turned over the affair to Zeyd;] I made the performance of the affair to be required restrictively of Zeyd. (Msb.) b3: احال عَلَيْهِ المَآءَ He poured out the water upon it: (K:) or احال المَآءَ مِنَ الدَّلْوِ he poured forth the water from the bucket, and turned over the latter. (S.) b4: احال اللّٰهُ عَلَيْهِ الحَوْلَ [God made the year to pass over him, or it]: (Lh, TA:) or احال اللّٰه الحَوْلَ God made the year complete. (K, TA.) b5: احال الرَّجُلُ إِبِلَهُ العَامَ [The man made his she-camels to pass the year without becoming pregnant; or] the stallion did not cover the man's she-camels during the year. (Lh, TA.) b6: أَحْوَلَ عَيْنَهُ, (Ks, Lh, S,) or أَحَالَهَا, and ↓ حوّلها, (K,) He made his eye to be حَوْلَآءَ [i. e. squinting, &c.]. (Ks, Lh, S, K.) [See 1, last sentence.] b7: احال كَلَامَهُ He made his speech مُحَال [i. e. absurd, inconsistent, or self-contradictory]. (S. [See also 2.]) A3: مَا أَحْوَلَ حِيلَكَ How fluctuating, and shifting, and varying, are thy evasions, wiles, artifices, or artful contrivances or devices! (Har p. 309.) b2: and مَا أَحْوَلَهُ How surpassing is he in the practice of evasions, shifts, wiles, artifices, or artful contrivances or devices; or in turning over, or revolving, thoughts, ideas, schemes, or contrivances, in his mind, so as to find a way of attaining his object! (Fr, S, K;) as also ما أَحْيَلَهُ. (Fr, S in art. حيل, and K.) 5 تحوّل: see 1, first sentence, in three places. [Hence,] تحوّل مُبْتَدِعًا [He turned innovator]. (O and K in art. بدع.) b2: It shifted, or removed, or went, or became shifted or transferred, (S, Msb, K,) from one place to another, (S,) or from its place; (Msb;) as also ↓ حوّل (S, * Msb, K *) [and حال and استحال, as shown above: see 1, near the beginning.] You say, تحوّل مِنْ مَكَانِهِ It shifted, &c., from its place. (Msb.) And تحوّل عَنْهُ It shifted from it to another. (K.) and تحوّل إِلَى مَكَانٍ آخَرَ i. q. حَالَ, q. v. (S.) and المَجَرَّةُ ↓ حَوَّلَتِ The Milky Way became in the midst of the sky; which it does in the summer, (Sh, K, TA,) when the season of heat comes on. (Sh, TA.) b3: See also 8, in two places.

A2: Also, (S, K,) or تحوّل حَالًا, (TA,) He carried a bundle upon his back. (S, K, TA.) And تحوّل الكِسَآءِ He put a thing in the [garment called] كساء, and then carried it on his back. (M, K.) b2: تحوّلهُ بِالمَوْعِظَةِ He sought to avail himself of the state in which he might be rendered prompt, or willing, to accept admonition. (AA, K.) 8 احتال عَلَيْهِ بِالدَّيْنِ [meaning He was referred, or turned over, to him for the payment of the debt] is from الحَوَالَةُ. (S, TA.) You say, احتال زَيْدٌ بِمَا كَانَ لَهُ عَلَىَّ عَلَى رَجُلٍ Zeyd was referred, or turned over, for the payment of what was due to him from me, to a certain man, to whom the responsibility for the debt was transferred. (Mgh.) b2: احتال said of a year; see 1. b3: احتال (S, MA, Msb, K, KL) and ↓ تحوّل (S, K) and تحيّل (K) signify the same, (S, K,) from الحِيلَةُ [q. v.]; (S;) and ↓ حَالَ, (Ham p. 652,) inf n. مَحَالٌ and حِيلَةٌ, (Ham ib. and K, *) also signifies the same as احتال; (Ham ib.;) which means He practised حِيلَة [i. e. an evasion or elusion, a shift, a wile, an artifice, or an artful contrivance or device, a machination, a trick, a plot, a stratagem, or an expedient, &c.]: (MA, KL:) or he exercised art, artifice, cunning, ingenuity, or shill, and excellence of consideration or deliberation, and ability to manage according to his own free mill, (K, TA,) with subtilty: (TA:) or he sought الحِيلَة i. e. [means of evading, or eluding, a thing, or of effecting an object, by] the exercise of art, artifice, cunning, ingenuity, or skill, in the management of affairs; by the turning over, or revolving, thoughts, ideas, schemes, or contrivances, in his mind, so as to find a way of attaining his object. (Msb.) You say, احتال فِى الأَمْرِ and ↓ تحوّل [&c., He practised an evasion or elusion, &c., in the affair]. (K.) [And احتال عَلَيْهِ He practised an artifice, or an artful contrivance or device, &c., against him. And احتال لِعِيَالِهِ He exercised art, artifice, cunning, ingenuity, or skill, in the management of affairs, for his family, or household.]

A2: اِحْتَوَلُوهُ They encompassed, or surrounded, him; or made him to be in the midst of them. (M, O, K.) 9 احوّلت عَيْنُهُ: see 1, last sentence. b2: [احوّلت الأَرْضُ: see 11.]10 استحال: see 1, in six places. b2: Also It (speech, or language, S, Msb, or a thing, TA) became مُحَال [i. e. absurd, inconsistent, selfcontradictory, unreal, or impossible]. (S, Msb, TA.) A2: استحالهُ He looked at it, (S, M, K,) namely, a شَخْص [i. e. a man, or person, or the figure of a thing seen at a distance], (S,) to see if it moved: (S, M, K:) as though he sought, or desired, its motion and change. (TA.) and استحال الجَهَامَ He looked at [the waterless clouds, or the clouds that had poured forth their water, to see if they changed or moved]. (TA.) b2: He reckoned it مُحَال [i. e. absurd, inconsistent, &c.: see above]. (KL.) 11 احوالّت الأَرْضُ, (K, TA, [in the CK احوّلت,]) inf. n. اِحْوِيلَالٌ, (TA,) (tropical:) The land became green, and its herbage stood erect, or became strong and erect. (K, TA.) [See حُوَلَآءُ.]

حَالٌ The state, condition, or case, (صِفَة,) of a thing; [considered as subject to change;] (Msb, Er-Rághib, TA;) as also ↓ حَالَةٌ: (Msb:) or the quality, or manner of being, and state, or condition, of a man, (K, TA,) in respect of good or evil; (TA;) as also ↓ حَالَةٌ: (K:) or the particular case, or predicament, of a man &c., in respect of changing events, in the soul and the body and the acquisitions: (Er-Rághib, TA:) and in the coventional language of the logicians, a fleeting, or quickly-transient, quality, such as accidental heat and cold and moisture and dryness; as also ↓ حَالَةٌ: (TA:) anything changing: (Ham p. 288:) the time in which one is; (Lth, K;) [the present time;] the end of the past, and the beginning of the future: and as a conventional term, [in grammar, the present tense: and (tropical:) the future: and also] a denotative of state of the agent or of the objective complement; [the former termed حَالٌ مِنَ الفَاعِلِ; and the latter, حَالٌ مِنَ المَفْعُولِ; and each said to be مَنْصُوبٌ عَلَى الحَالِ, i. e. put in the accus. case as a denotative of state, unless expressed by a complete proposition;] as [قَائِمًا] in the phrase زَيْدٌ فِى

الدَّارَ قَائِمًا [Zeyd is in the house, standing], and in ضَرَبْتُ زَيْدًا قَائِمًا [I beat Zeyd standing]: (Ibn-El-Kemál, TA:) it is fem., like حَالَةٌ; (Msb;) and mase. ; (Msb, K;) but mostly fem.: (TA:) the pl. is أَحْوَالٌ and أَحْوِلَةٌ, (K,) [both properly pls. of pauc., but the former often used as a pl. of mult., and often signifying circumstances,] the latter anomalous: (TA:) the pl. of ↓ حَالَةٌ is حَالَاتٌ: (TA:) or ↓ حالة is the n. un. or sing. of حَالٌ and أَحْوَالٌ [and حَالَاتٌ], used in relation to a man. (S, O.) You say حَالٌ حَسَنٌ and حَسَنَةٌ [A good state or condition &c.; as also ↓ حَالَةٌ حَسَنَةٌ]. (Msb.) And الدَّهْرِ ↓ حَالَاتُ and أَحْوَالُهُ The changes, or vicissitudes, of time or fortune. (K.) [And اِفْعَلْهُ حَالًا and فِى الحَالِ Do thou it now, or immediately. And عَلَى كُلِّ حَالٍ In any case: a phrase of frequent occurrence. The phrase قَالَ لِسَانُ الحَالِ (assumed tropical:) The tongue of the case said, (often used by late writers,) means the case seemed to say.]

A2: A load, or burden: (Ham p. 299:) [whence, perhaps, خَفِيفُ الحَالِ (which see in what follows) as meaning (assumed tropical:) having a small family to maintain:] and hence, (Ham ib.,) a bundle, or bundle of clothes, (كَارَةٌ,) which is carried on the back (S, Ham ib.) by a man: (S:) or a thing that a man carries on his back, (ISd, O, K,) whatever it be. (ISd, TA.) b2: A [garment of the kind called] كِسَآء in which one collects, or seeks and collects, dry herbage: (O, K:) or a garment, or piece of stuff, of which two ends are tied in a knot behind the flanks, and the other two ends over the head; in which one collects dry herbage; also called شُكْبَانٌ. (TA in art. شكب.) A3: A child's go-cart, by means of which he practises walking; (S, K *, TA;) resembling a small عَجَلَة; (S;) also called دَرَّاجَةٌ [q. v.]. (S, TA.) A4: The part of a horse that is the place of the لِبْد [or saddle-cloth]: or the line along the middle of the back: (K, TA:) or حَالُ مَتْنِ الفَرَسِ signifies the middle of the back of the horse; the place of the لِبْدِ. (S.) [See also its syn. حَاذٌ.] خَفِيفُ الحَالِ signifies the the same as خَفِيفُ الحَاذِ, (A in art. حوذ,) which means (tropical:) A man light of back; (S, A, L, Msb, all in art. حوذ;) i. e. having little property: and also having a small family to maintain; (L in that art. ;) or having little property and a small family to maintain; (L and K in that art. ;) like خَفِيفُ الظَّهْرِ. (A, L, Msb, all in that art.) A5: Black mud: (S, K:) from حَالَ “ it became altered, or changed. ” (TA.) It is said in a trad. that the حال of El-Kowthar is musk: (TA:) and in another, that Gabriel took of the حال of the river [Nile] and put it into the mouth of Pharaoh; (S, TA;) but here it has the meaning next following. (TA.) Black fetid mud; syn. حَمْأَةٌ. (K, and Ham p. 288.) And Soft earth. (K, and Ham ib.) b2: And hence, (tropical:) Weakness, and softness. (Ham ib.) b3: Stinking flesh-meat. (Ham ib.) b4: Hot ashes (IAar, K, and Ham ib.) b5: The leaves of the سَمُر [acacia, or mimosa, gummifera,] beaten and shaken off into a garment, or piece of cloth. (K.) b6: Milk. (M, K.) A6: In the dial. of Hudheyl, (IAar, TA,) A wife. (IAar, K.) حَوْلٌ A year; (S Msb, K, Er-Rághib, &c. ;) so termed in consideration of its changing, and of the revolution of the sun in its places of rising and setting; (Er-Rághib, TA;) or as being the period in which [certain] plants attain their complete strength: (El-Harállee, TA:) and even if it has not passed; because it will be [properly speaking] a حَوْل: an inf. n. used as a simple subst.: (Msb:) pl. [of pauc., but also used as a pl. of mult.,] أَحْوَالٌ (M, Msb, K) and [of mult.] حُؤُولٌ and حُوُولٌ, (M, K,) the former with ء and the latter with و. (TA.) A2: Strength, power, might, or force; syn. قُوَّةٌ; (S, TA;) as also ↓ حِيلَةٌ [originally حِوْلَةٌ] (TA) and ↓ حَوْلَةٌ, (K, TA,) or this last is a n. un. from حَوْلٌ: (TA:) it is in the soul and the body and the acquisitions: and hence the saying, in a trad., لَا حَوْلَ وَ لَا قُوَّةَ إِلَّا بِاللّٰهِ العَلِىِّ العَظِيمِ [There is no strength nor power but in, or by means of, God, the High, the Great]: (Er-Rághib, TA:) or it here signifies motion; [see also حَوْلَةٌ;] and the meaning is, there is no motion nor power, or ability, but by the will of God: (AHeyth, TA:) or, as some say, the meaning is, there is no حول [i. e. changing, or turning, or receding,] from disobedience, nor قوّة [i. e. power] to obey, but by the accommodating, or disposing, of God. (Msb.) b2: See also حِيلَةٌ.

A3: حَوْلُ شَىْءِ The lateral, or adjacent, part to which a thing may shift, or remove: (Er-Rághib, TA:) or the environs [of a thing]. (Msb.) You say, قَعَدُوا حَوْلَهُ, (S, K, *) or قَعَدْنَا حَوْلَهُ, the noun being in the accus. case as an adv. n. of place, i. e., [They sat, or we sat, around him, or it, or] in his, or its, environs; (Msb;) and ↓ حَوَالَهُ, and حَوْلَيْهِ, (S, K,) dual of حَوْل, (TA,) and ↓ حَوَالَيْهِ, (S, Msb, K,) dual of حَوَال, (TA,) and أَحْوَالَهُ, (ISd, K,) pl. of حَوْل, and used to give intensiveness to the meaning: (ISd, TA:) but you should not say حَوَالِيهِ. (S, Sgh.) And وَلَا عَلَيْنَا ↓ اَللّٰهُمَّ حَوَالَيْنَا [O God, be Thou around us as our protector, and not against us,] occurs in a trad. respecting prayer. (TA.) It is said, in the Expos. of the exs. cited as testimonies by Sb, that one sometimes says ↓ حَوَالَيْكَ and حَوْلَيْكَ, meaning Around thee, in every direction; dividing the surrounding parts into two; like as one says, أَحَاطُوا بِهِ مِنْ جَانِبَيْهِ, not meaning that any of the surrounding parts remained vacant. (TA.) [See also an ex. voce دَنْدَنَ.]

حَوَلٌ inf. n. of حَوِلَتْ عَيْنُهُ. (S, K. [See 1, last sentence.]) A2: See also حَائِلٌ.

حَوِلٌ: see حُوَّلٌ: b2: and see also 1, last sentence.

حُوَلٌ: see حُوَّلٌ: b2: and حَائِلٌ: b3: and حِيَالٌ.

حِوَلٌ Removal from one place to another, in a passive sense; a subst. from تَحَوَّلَ: (S, O, K:) and in an active sense; a subst. from حَوَّلَهُ; (K;) accord. to ISd, it is the latter [only]; (TA;) as also ↓ حَوِيلٌ. (K.) Hence, in the Kur [xviii. 108], لَا يَبْغُونَ عَنْهَا حَوْلًا [They shall not desire removal from it]

حَوُلَ (S, M, O, K:) or, as some say, it here means ↓ حِيلَةً; i. e. they shall not [desire to] practise, or seek to practise, any evasion from it to another abode. (TA.) b2: See also حِيَلةٌ [of which it is said to be both a syn. and a pl.]. b3: And see حُولَةٌ.

A2: Also A furrow, or trench, in the ground, in which palm-trees are planted in a row. (ISd, K.) حَالَةٌ; pl. حَالَاتٌ: see حَالٌ, in seven places.

حَوْلَةٌ Motion, or removal, (تَحَرُّكٌ or تَحَوُّلٌ, accord. to different copies of the K, the former being the reading in the TA,) and change of state. (K.) [See also حَوْلٌ. And see حَالَ عَلَى الفَرَسِ, of which it is the inf. n.] b2: See also حِيلَةٌ. b3: And see حَوْلٌ, as meaning قُوَّةٌ.

حُولَةٌ: see حُوَّلٌ: b2: and حِيلَةٌ. b3: Also A wonder, or wonderful thing; pl. حُولٌ. (K: [but probably this should be حُوَلٌ, as below.]) b4: [It is also used as a pl., signifying Wonders.] Yousay, هٰذَا مِنْ حُولَةِ الدَّهِْ This is of the wonders of the age, or of time, or fortune; as also من ↓ حَوَلَانِهِ, and ↓ حِوَلِهِ [pl. of ↓ حِيلَةٌ], and ↓ حُوَلَائِهِ. (K, TA: the last, in one copy of the K, ↓ حُوَلَانِهِ, and in the CK ↓ حُوْلانهِ.) b5: An evil, or abominable, event or accident; (K, * TA;) a calamity, or misfortune: pl. حُوَلٌ: as in the saying, هُوَ حُولَةٌ مِنَ الحُوَلِ It is a calamity of calamities. (S, TA.) It is also used as an epithet; so that one says, جَآءَ بِأَمْرٍ حُولَةٍ [He did, or brought to pass, an evil, or abominable, thing]. (M, TA.) حِيلَةٌ, (S, M, Msb, K, &c.,) originally حِوْلَةٌ, (Er-Rághib, TA,) [said to be an inf. n., (see 8,)] and ↓ حَوْلٌ (S, M, K) and حَيْلٌ and ↓ حِوَلٌ, (M, K,) which is also a pl. of the first, (K,) and ↓ حَوْلَةٌ (K) and ↓ حُولَةٌ (Ks, TA) and ↓ حَوِيلٌ (M, K) and ↓ حَائِلَةٌ (Ham p. 652) and ↓ مَحَالَةٌ (S, K) and ↓ مَحَالٌ, (M, K,) [said to be an inf. n., (see 8,)] and ↓ مَحِيلَةٌ, (Sgh, TA,) i. q. اِحْتِيَالٌ and تَحَوُّلٌ and تَحَيُّلٌ; (M, K; [see 8;]) [or A mode, or manner, of changing from one state to another, or of shifting from one thing to another; حِيلَةٌ being of the measure فِعْلَةٌ from حَالَ, like جِلْسَةٌ &c. from جَلَسَ &c.; or from تَحَوُّلٌ as syn. with حَالَ; (see what follows;) a mode, or means, of evading or eluding a thing, or of effecting an object; an evasion or elusion, a shift, a wile, an artifice, or artful contrivance or device, a machination, a trick, a plot, a stratagem, or an expedient;] a means of effecting one's transition from that which he dislikes to that which he likes; (KT, in explanation of the first word;) art, artifice, cunning, ingenuity, or skill, (Msb, K,) in the management of affairs; i. e. the turning over, or revolving, thoughts, ideas, schemes, or contrivances, in the mind, so as to find a way of attaining one's object; (Msb;) and excellence of consideration or deliberation; and ability to manage according to one's own free will, (K, TA,) with subtilty: (TA:) accord. to Er-Rághib, حِيلَةٌ signifies a means of attaining to some state concealedly; and it is mostly used of that in which is sin, or offence, or disobedience; but sometimes of that in the exercise of which is wisdom; and hence God is described as شَدِيدُ

↓ المَحَالِ, meaning strong in attaining, concealedly from men, to that in which is wisdom: accord. to Abu-l-Bakà, it is from التَّحَوُّلُ; because by it one shifts from one state to another, by a species of forecast, and gentleness, or delicacy, so as to change a thing from its outward appearance: (TA:) the pl. of حِيلَةٌ is حِوَلٌ and حِيَلٌ [which latter is the most common form, and also, as well as حِوَلٌ, said to be syn. with the sing.,] and حِيلَاتٌ. (K.) One says, لَا حِيلَةَ لَهُ [He has no mode, or means, of evading &c.]. (TA.) [and مَا بِيَدِى حِيلَةٌ I have no mode, or means, of evading &c.]. And ↓ المَرْءُ يَعْجِزُ لَا مَحَالَةَ [Man becomes impotent: there is no avoiding it]. (S.) مِنْهُ ↓ لَا مَحَالَةَ means لَا بُدَّ [There is no avoiding it, or escaping it]. (S, * K.) One says, المَوْتُ آتٍ

↓ لَا مَحَالَةَ [Death comes: there is no avoiding it]. (S.) See also حِوَلٌ. b2: And see حُولَةٌ: b3: and حَوْلٌ. b4: [عِلْمُ الحِيَلِ The science of mechanics.]

حُوَلَةٌ: see حُوَّلٌ, in two places.

حَوْلِىٌّ A solid-hoofed animal in his first year: (S, O:) or a solid-hoofed animal, &c., a year old; a yearling: (K:) it is applied in this sense to a camel: and also to a plant: (TA:) and so ↓ مُحْوِلٌ and ↓ مُحِيلٌ applied to wheat, or food, &c.: (S, O:) and ↓ مُحْوِلٌ applied to a boychild: (K:) or, as some say, this signifies in the state of childhood; not limited to a year old: (TA:) the fem. of حَوْلِىٌّ is حَوْلِيَّةٌ: pl. [masc. حَوَالِىٌّ; and] fem. حَوْلِيَّاتٌ. (S, K.) حَوْلِىٌّ الغَضَا Young trees of the kind called غَضًا. (TA.) حِيَلِىٌّ: see حُوَّلٌ.

حُوَلَآءُ and حِوَلَآءُ, the latter like عِنَبَآءُ and سِيَرَآءُ, which are the only other words of this measure, (S, K,) accord. to Kh, (S,) [The membrane that encloses the she-camel's fœtus in the womb;] to the she-camel, like the مَشِيمَة (K, TA) to the woman; (TA;) i. e., (K,) a skin (S, K) of a dark, or an ashy, dust-colour (خَضْرَآء), full of water, (K,) which comes forth with the fœtus, containing أَغْرَاس [pl. of غِرْس, q. v.], and having lines, or streaks, which are red, and of a dark, or an ashy, dust-colour (خُضْر): (S, K:) or it comes forth after the fœtus, in the first سَلَى; and is the first thing that comes forth therefrom: so says ISk: and the word is sometimes used in relation to a woman: (TA:) or, accord. to Az, the water that comes forth upon the head of the fœtus, [i. e.] at the birth: (S:) or a membrane like a large bucket, which is full of water, and bursts when it falls upon the ground: then comes forth the سَلَى; and a day, or two days, after that, the صَآءَة. (TA.) Hence the saying, نَزَلُوا فِى مِثْلِ حُوَلاءِ النَّاقَةِ, (K,) and فى مثل حولاء السَّلَى, (TA,) (tropical:) They alighted amid abundance of water and green herbage. (K, * TA.) and رَأَيْتُ أَرْضًا مِثْلَ الحولاءِ (tropical:) I saw land having dark green herbage. (TA.) A2: See also حُولَةٌ.

حَوَلَان and حُوَلَان and حُوْلَان: see حُولَةٌ.

حُولَلٌ: see حَائِلٌ, in four places.

حَوَلْوَلٌ: see حُوَّلٌ, in two places.

حَوَالٌ The changing, or varying, of time, or fortune. (K.) A2: حَوَالَهُ, and حَوَالَيْهِ, and حَوَالَيْنَا, and حَوَالَيْكَ: see حَوْلٌ.

حِوَالٌ: see حَائِلٌ, in two places.

حِيَالٌ [in the CK, erroneously, حَيال] The front of a thing, as meaning the part, place, or location, that is over against, opposite, facing, fronting, or in front; syn. قُبَالَةٌ. (K, and Mgh in art. حيل.) You say, قُمْتُ حِيَالَهُ I stood in front of him; in the part, place, or location, that was over against him, opposite to him, &c.; syn. قُبَالَتَهُ. (Msb in art. حيل.) And قَعَدَ حِيَالَةٌ and بِحِيَالِهِ He sat in front of him, over against him, opposite to him, facing or fronting him; syn. بِإِزَائِهِ. (S, K.) And هٰذَا حِيَالَ كَلِمَتِكَ This is opposite to thy saying; syn. مُقَابَلَةَ; in the accus. case, as an adv. n. of place: thus related by IAar from the Arabs: but one may also say حِيَالُ كَلِمَتِكَ [the opposite of thy saying], making the phrase to consist of an inchoative and an enunciative: so says ISd. (TA.) It is originally with و [in the place of the ى]. (S, O.) b2: عَلَى حِيَالِهِ [By himself or itself; independently]. You say, أَعْطِ كُلَّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمْ عَلَى

حِيَالَهُ Give thou to every one of them by himself; syn. على حِدَتِهِ; (S in art. وحد;) or بِانْفِرَادِهِ. (Mgh in art. حيل.) And فَعَلْتُ كُلَّ شَىْءٍ عَلَى

حِيَالِهِ I did everything by itself; syn. بِانْفِرَادِهِ. (Msb in art. حيل.) A2: Also A string that is tied from the camel's بِطَان [or belly-girth] to his حَقَب [or hind girth], to prevent the حَقَب from going against the sheath of his penis: (K:) so, too, in the M: but in the O, as on the authority of AA, ↓ حُوَلٌ, like صُرَدٌ, signifies the string that is between the حَقَب and the بِطَان. (TA.) حَوِيلٌ: see 4, in the latter half of the paragraph. b2: [Hence,] One who is responsible, or answerable. (K.) b3: And A witness. (K.) A2: See also حِوَلٌ: b2: and حِيلَةٌ. b3: Also [Desire: or a seeking: or a seeking by an artful contrivance or device, or by artful or skilful management, to find a way of attaining an object:] a subst. from حَاوَلَهُ. (S, O, K.) حَوَالَةٌ The effecting a transition of one river, or rivulet, to another. (M, K.) [This is what is meant by the حوالة in المُزَارَعَة, mentioned in the Mgh, as “ customary in the cases of certain plants, as rice, and the بَاذِنْجَان, and in planting. ”] b2: The transfer of a claim, or of a debt, by shifting the responsibility from one person to another: (Mgh:) the transfer of a debt by shifting the responsibility of him who transfers it to him to whom it is transferred: (KT:) [a reference made by a debtor, of his creditor, to a debtor of the former, for the payment of what is owed by the former to the latter: an order for the payment of a debt, or of a sum of money, given by one person, upon another, to a third person: so in the present day:] a subst. (S, K) from أَحَالِ عَلَيْهِ بِدَيْنِهِ, (S,) or from أَحَلْتُهُ بِدَيْنِهِ, (Msb,) or from أَحَالَ الغَرِيمَ. (K.) [See 4.] b3: A responsibility; accountableness. (K.) حَوَالِىٌّ and حُوَالِىٌّ: see the next paragraph.

حُوَّلٌ, applied to a man, signifies بَصِيرُ بِتَحْوِيلِ الأُمُورِ [i. e. Knowing, skilful, or intelligent, in turning affairs over, or about, in his mind, considering what may be their results, and so managing them]; (S, TA;) as also حُوَّلٌ قُلَّبٌ, (TA, and so in copies of the S,) and قُلَّبٌ ↓ حُوَّلِىٌّ, (TA, and so in a copy of the S,) and قُلَّبِىٌّ ↓ حُوَّلِىٌّ, and ↓ حَوَّالٌ; (TA;) and ↓ حُوَلَةٌ signifies ↓ مُحْتَالٌ [i. e. one who exercises art, artifice, cunning, ingenuity, or skill, and excellence of consideration or deliberation, and ability to manage according to his own free will, with subtilty; &c.; see the verb (8) of which مُحْتَالٌ is the part. n.]: (S:) or حُوَّلٌ and ↓ حُوَلٌ and ↓ حُوَلَةٌ and ↓ حُوْلَةٌ and ↓ حُوَّلِىٌّ, [in the CK, erroneously, حَوْلٰى,] like سُكَّرِىٌّ, [in the CK like سَكْرىٰ,] and ↓ حَالِىٌّ and ↓ حُوَالِىٌّ and ↓ حَوَلْوَلٌ, signify شَدِيدُ الاِحْتِيَالِ [i. e. one who exercises great art, artifice, &c.]: (Sgh, K:) all of these forms are mentioned by ISd, except حُوْلَةٌ and حُوَّلِىٌّ: (TA:) accord. to some, قُلَّبٌ حُوَّلٌ signifies experienced, or expert, in affairs; or one who has been tried, or proved, and strengthened by experience in affairs: (Har p. 312:) and ↓ حَوِلٌ signifies the same as حُوَّلٌ; (Ham p. 34;) having much حِيلَة [i. e. art, artifice, &c.]: accord. to analogy, it should be [حَالٌ,] like مَالٌ and صَاتٌ as epithets applied to a man: (Idem pp. 530 and 531:) حَيَّالٌ, also, [in like manner,] signifies صَاحِبُ حِيلَةٍ [i. e. one who exercises art, artifice, &c., as above]; and so ↓ حِيَلِىٌّ [from حِيَلٌ, pl. of, or syn. with, حِيلَةٌ]: (TA:) and ↓ حَوْلْوَلٌ [mentioned above (in the CK, erroneously, in this instance, حَواوِل)] signifies also cunning, or intelligent, or skilful and knowing; and quick and sharp or vigorous or effective; syn. مُنْكَرٌ كَمِيشٌ; (K, TA;) applied to a man. (TA.) حَيِّلٌ: see 4, in the latter half of the paragraph.

حُوَّلِىٌّ: see حُوَّلٌ, in three places.

حَوَّالٌ: see حُوَّلٌ.

حَائِلٌ Altering, or being transmuted, or changing; or altered, or transmuted, or changed; [in any manner; and particularly] in colour; (K, TA;) and becoming, or become, black; applied to a bone, and any other thing. (TA.) b2: Anything [shifting, or moving, or] that has shifted, or moved, in فِى [app. a mistranscription for مِنْ from]) its place. (TA.) b3: A she-camel, and any female, not conceiving, or not becoming pregnant, during a year, (M, K,) or two years, (K,) or some years: (M, K:) or a she-camel not pregnant (S, Msb, K) after having been covered by the stallion; (S, K;) because denoting a change from what is usual; (Er-Rághib, TA;) and in like manner applied to a ewe, or she-goat; (TA;) and to a woman: (Msb:) pl. حِيَالٌ and حُولٌ (S, K) and حُوَّلٌ, (K,) and ↓ حُولَلٌ (M, K) is a quasi-pl. n.: (M, TA:) [whence,] حَائِلُ حُولٍ and ↓ حُولَلٌ used as intensive epithets: or حَائِلٌ signifies not conceiving in one year, (K, TA,) when she has been covered: (TA:) and حَائِلُ حُولٍ and ↓ حُولَلٍ, not conceiving during two years; (K;) not conceiving in the first year after having been covered, nor in the next following year; like عَائِطُ عُوطٍ and عِيطٍ and عُوطَطٍ: (S in art. عوط:) one says also, لَقِحَتْ عَلَى حُولٍ and ↓ حُولَلٍ [app. meaning She conceived after having failed to do so for two years; for it seems that in this case حول and حولل are inf. ns., or that the latter is a subst. having the sense of an inf. n.: see 1, and see also عُوطَطٌ]: (TA:) and ↓ مُحَوِّلٌ signifies the same as حَائِلٌ. (K.) Also A palm-tree (Msb, K) that bears one year, and not another year: (K:) or not bearing. (Msb.) b4: The female young one of a camel, at the time of her birth: the male is termed سَقْبٌ: (S, K:) pl. حُولٌ and حَوَائِلُ. (TA.) One says, نُتِجَتِ النَّاقَةُ حَائِلًا حَسَنَةً [The she-camel brought forth a beautiful female young one]. (S.) And لَا أَفْعَلُ ذَاكَ مَا أَرْزَمَتْ أُمُّ حَائِلٍ

[I will not do that as long as a mother of a female young camel utters her gentle yearning cry]. (S.) A2: Also, (Lth, Mgh, O, TA,) and ↓ حِوَالٌ (Lth, K) and ↓ حُوَلٌ and ↓ حَوَلٌ, (K,) A thing that intervenes as a separation, a partition, a fence, a barrier, or an obstacle, or obstruction, between two other things. (Lth, Mgh, * O, K.) One says, بَيْنَهُمَا ↓ هٰذَا حِوَالٌ, i. e. حَائِلٌ [This is a thing intervening as a separation, &c., between them two]; like حِجَازٌ and حَاجِزٌ. (Lth, O, TA.) حَائِلَةٌ: see حِيَلةٌ.

أَحْوَلُ; and its fem. حَوْلَآءُ: see 1, last sentence. b2: أَحْوَلُ مِنْ بَوْلِ الجَمَلِ [More wry than the urine of the he-camel]: because it does not come forth straight, but [backwards, and] inclining to one side: a prov. (TA.) b3: هُوَ أَحْوَلُ مِنْكَ He is one who has more حِيلَة [meaning art, artifice, cunning, ingenuity, or skill, in the management of affairs, &c.,] than thou; (Fr, S, K;) as also ↓ أَحْيَلُ. (K.) And النَّاسِ ↓ هُوَ أَحْيَلُ [He is the most artful, cunning, ingenious, or skilful, of men]; originally أَحْوَلُ. (MF in art. رود: see أَرْوَدُ.) أَحْيَلُ: see the next preceding paragraph, in two places.

تَحَاوِيلُ الأَرْضِ means أَنْ تُخْطِئَ حَوْلًا وَتُصِيبَ حَوْلًا, (O, K,) i. e. The leaving the land unsown one year, and sowing it another year: whereby the land is strengthened. (TK.) مَحَالٌ: see حِيلَةٌ, in two places: b2: and see also مَحَالَةٌ, in three places.

مُحَالٌ; and مُحَالٌ عَلَيْهِ; and مُحَالٌ بِهِ: see 4, in the latter half of the paragraph. b2: مُحَالٌ also signifies [Absurd; inconsistent; self-contradictory;] comprising two contradictories; as when one speaks of one body in two places in one case [or time]: (Er-Rághib, TA:) that cannot be conceived as existing in reality: (TA:) i. q. بَاطِلٌ [as meaning untrue, or unreal]; (Msb, TA;) impossible; that cannot be: (Msb:) perverted; turned from its proper way or manner of being; (K;) applied to speech; (S, K;) as also ↓ مُسْتَحِيلٌ. (K.) مُحْوِلٌ: see مُحِيلٌ: b2: and see also حَوْلِىٌّ, in two places.

مُحِيلٌ: see 4, in the latter half of the paragraph. b2: Also A woman that brings forth a boy next after a girl; or the reverse: and in like manner applied to a she-camel; as also ↓ مُحْوِلٌ and ↓ مُحَوِّلٌ: (Ks, Sgh, K:) and accord. to some, ↓ مُتَحَوِّلٌ [if not a mistranscription for مُحْوِلٌ or مُحَوِّلٌ] signifies a she-camel that brings forth one year a male, and another year a female. (TA.) b3: See also حَوْلِىٌّ.

مَحَالَةٌ: see حِيلَةٌ, in four places. b2: Also A machine (مَنْجَنُون, Lth, K) over which [passes the rope whereby] water is drawn: (Lth, TA:) and, (K,) or as some say, (TA,) a great بَكْرَة [or sheave of a pulley], (S in art. محل, and K,) by means of which camels draw water: (S ubi suprà and TA:) [see سَانِيَةٌ:] pl. مَحَاوِلُ and [coll. gen. n.] ↓ مَحَالٌ. (K.) b3: The vertebræ; as also ↓ مَحَالٌ: (K: [in the CK, الفَقَارِ is erroneously put for الفَقَارُ:]) or the latter has this meaning; and the former signifies a single vertebra: and the م may be radical: (M, TA:) pl. مَحَالَاتٌ. (T in art. ملح.) b4: The middle (وَاسِط, as in the M and O; in the K, erroneously, وَاسِطَة, TA) of the back; (M, O, K;) as also ↓ مَحَالٌ: but accord. to some, the م is radical. (TA.) مَحِيلَةٌ: see حِيلَةٌ.

مُحَوِّلٌ: see حَائِلٌ: b2: and مُحِيلٌ.

مِحْوَالٌ A man who says much that is مُحَال [or absurd, inconsistent, self-contradictory, unreal, or impossible]. (Lth, K. *) مُحْتَالٌ: see 4, in the latter half of the paragraph. b2: أَرْضٌ مُحْتَالَةٌ (tropical:) Land upon which rain has not fallen. (TA.) b3: See also حُوَّلٌ.

مُتَحَوَّلٌ [pass. part. n. of تَحَوَّلَهُ.

A2: Also] an inf. n. of تَحَوَّلَ. (Ham p. 503.) A3: And A place to which one shifts, removes, or becomes transferred. (Idem ib.) مُتَحَوِّلٌ: see مُحِيلٌ.

رِجْلٌ مُسْتَحَالَةٌ A leg that is crooked in the two extremities of its shank. (M, O, TA.) In the K, رَجُلٌ is erroneously put for رِجْلٌ, and سَاقَيْهِ for سَاقِهَا. (TA.) And ↓ قَوْسٌ مُسْتَحِيلَةٌ (S, K) and مُسْتَحَالَةٌ (K) A bow that is crooked (S, K, TA) in the portion between the part grasped by the hand and the curved extremity, or in its curved extremity. (TA.) And ↓ أَرْضٌ مُسْتَحِيلَةٌ Uneven ground: (S, TA:) or i. q. مُسْتَحَالَةٌ, (K,) which means land that has been left [unsown, or uncultivated,] a year, or years. (M, K.) مُسْتَحِيلٌ; fem. with ة: see the paragraph next preceding, in two places: b2: and see also مُحَالٌ.

A2: Also Full. (K.)

بر

أ1 بَرِئَ, [aor. ـَ inf. n. generally بُرْءٌ or بَرَآءَةٌ,] He was, or became, clear, or free, of, or from, a thing; in the manners which will be explained below: (Bd ii. 51:) he was, or became, in a state of freedom or immunity, secure, or safe. (T.) [Hence,] بَرِئَ مِنَ المَرَضِ, and بَرَأَ, (T, Msb,) aor. ـَ and بَرُؤَ, aor. ـُ (Msb;) inf. n. بُرْءٌ: (T, Msb:) or بَرِئَ من المرض, inf. n. بُرْءٌ, with damm; and the people of El-Hijáz say بَرَأَ, inf. n. بَرْءٌ, with fet-h: (S:) accord. to As, بَرِىَ من المرض is of the dial. of Temeem; and بَرَأَ of the dial. of the people of El-Hijáz: or, accord. to Az, the people of El-Hijáz say بَرَأَ; and the rest of the Arabs say بَرِئَ: (T:) or بَرَأَ [alone], said of a sick man, aor. ـُ and بَرَاَ; and بَرِئَ; and بَرُؤَ; inf. n. بَرْءٌ [probably a mistranscription for بُرْءٌ] and بُرُؤٌ: or, accord. to Lh, the people of El-Hijáz say بَرَأَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. بُرْءٌ and بُرُؤٌ [i. e.

بُرُوْءٌ]; and the people of El-'Áliyeh, [بَرَأَ,] aor. ـَ inf. n. بُرْءٌ and بُرُؤُ; and Temeem, بَرِئَ, [aor. ـَ inf. n. بُرْءٌ and بُرُؤٌ: (M:) or بَرَأَ, (K,) said by IKtt to be the most chaste form, (TA,) aor. ـَ (K,) agreeably with analogy, (TA,) and بَرُاَ, (K,) said by Zj to be the only instance of a verb of the measure فَعَلَ with ء for its last radical letter having its aor. of the measure يَفْعُلُ, [though others mention also قَرَأَ, aor. ـْ and هَنَأَ, aor. ـْ and asserted to be a bad form, (TA,) inf. n. بُرْءٌ and بُرُوْءٌ; and بَرُؤَ, (K,) not a chaste form, (TA,) aor. ـُ and بَرِئَ, (K,) a chaste form, (TA,) [and the most common of all,] aor. ـَ inf. n. بَرْءٌ and بُرُؤٌ, (K, TA,) or بُرْءٌ, (CK,) and بُرُوْءٌ; (K, TA;) He became free from the disease, sickness, or malady: (T:) or [he recovered from it:] he became convalescent; or sound, or healthy, at the close of disease, but was yet weak; or he recovered, but not completely, his health and strength; syn. نِقَهَ; (M, K;) i. e., he acquired that slight degree of soundness, or health, which comes at the close of disease, but with disease remaining in him. (TA.) [And بَرِئَ الجُرْجُ, or بَرَأَ, The wound healed; or became in a healing state: of frequent occurrence.] and بَرِئَ مِنَ الأَمْرِ, [the only form of the verb used in this case, and in the other cases in which it is mentioned below,] aor. ـَ and بَرُاَ, the latter extr., (M, K,) or rather it is very strange, for IKoot says that نَعِمَ, aor. ـْ and فَضِلَ, aor. ـْ are the only instances of this kind, (TA,) inf. n. بَرَآءَةٌ (M, K) and بَرَآءٌ (Lh, M, K) and بُرُؤٌ, (M,) or بُرْءٌ, (K, TA,) or بُرُوْءٌ; (CK;) and ↓ تبرّأ; (S, * M, K, Mgh; *) [He was, or became, free from the thing, or affair; or clear, or quit, thereof; clear of having or taking, or of having had or taken, any part therein; guiltless of it: and also, irresponsible for it; as in an ex. q. v. voce عِضَاضٌ:] said in relation to [a fault or the like, and] a debt, and a claim, and religion [&c.]. (Lh, M.) You say, بَرِئَ مِنَ العَيْبِ, (Mgh, Msb,) or العُيُوبِ, (S,) inf. n. بَرَآءَةٌ, (Mgh,) He was, or became, free (Msb) [from the fault, defect, imperfection, blemish, or vice], (Mgh, Msb,) [or faults, &c.]. (S.) And بَرِئَ مِنَ الدَّيْنِ, (T, Mgh, Msb,) or الدُّيُونِ, (S,) aor. ـَ (T, Msb,) inf. n. بَرَآءَةٌ, (T, Mgh, Msb,) He was, or became, clear, or quit, of the debt; (or debts; S;) irresponsible for it [or them]: or in a state of immunity with respect to it [or them]; i. e., exempt from the demand thereof. (Msb.) And بَرئَ

إِلَيْكَ مِنْ حَقِّكَ, inf. n. بَرَآءَةٌ and بَرَآءٌ (Lh, M) and بُرُؤٌ, [He was, or became, clear, or quit, to thee, of thy claim, or due, or right; or exempt from the demand thereof;] as also ↓ تبرّأ. (M.) And بَرِئْتُ إِلَيْكَ مِنْ فُلَانٍ, inf. n. بَرَآءةٌ, [I was, or became, or have become, clear, to thee, of having or taking, or of having had or taken, any part with such a one; or, irresponsible to thee for such a one:] (Az, T, S: * [in one copy of the S, I find the phrase بَرِئْتُ مِنْكَ, commencing the art.; but not in other copies:]) this is the only form of the verb used in this case, and in relation to debt [and the like]. (Az, T.) b2: He removed himself, or kept, far, or aloof, [from unclean things, or things occasioning blame; followed by مِنْ, with which it may be rendered he shunned, or avoided;] syn. تَنَزَّهُ and تَبَاعَدَ. (T.) [You say, بَرِئَ مِنَ الأَقْذَارِ He removed himself, or kept, far, or aloof, from unclean things.] b3: He manifested an excuse, [or asserted himself to be clear or quit or irresponsible, like ↓ تبرّأ,] and gave warning; syn. أَعْذَرَ and أَنْذَرَ. (T.) Hence, in the Kur [ix. 1], بَرَآءَةٌ مِنَ اللّٰهِ وَرَسُولِهِ A manifestation of excuse, and a warning, from God and his apostle. (T.) A2: بَرَأَ اللّٰهُ الخَلْقَ, (Fr, T, S, M, K,) or الخَلِيَقَةَ, (Msb,) aor. ـَ (T, M, &c.,) inf. n. بَرْءٌ (T, S, M, K) and بُرُوْءٌ, (Az, Lh, M, K,) God created mankind, or the beings, or things, that are created, syn. خَلَقَ, (Fr, T, M, Msb, K,) after no similitude, or model, (TA,) [but, properly, though not always meaning so, out of pre-existing matter; for] Bd says [in ii. 51] that the primary meaning of the root برء is to denote a thing's becoming clear, or free, of, or from, another thing; either by being released [therefrom], as in بَرِئَ المَرِيضُ مِنْ مَرَضِهِ and المَدْيُونُ مِنْ دَينِهِ [both sufficiently explained above]; or by production [therefrom], as in بَرَأَ اللّٰهُ آدَمَ مِنَ الطِّينِ [God produced, or created, Adam, from, or out of, clay]. (TA.) This verb relates to substances [as in the exs. given above] and to accidents; and hence, [in the Kur lvii. 22,] مِنْ قبْلِ أَنْ نَبْرَأَهَا [Before our creating it, if ها refer to مُصِيبَة, preceding it; but, as Bd says, it may refer to this, or to الأَرْض, or to أَنْفُس]: (M:) but البَرْءُ has a more particular application than الخَلْقُ; the former being particularly applied to the creation of animate beings, with few exceptions: you say, بَرَأَ اللّٰهُ النَّسَمَةَ وَ خَلَقَ السَّمٰوَاتِ وَالأَرْضَ [God created, or produced, man, or the soul, and He created the heavens and the earth]. (TA.) [To this verb, or perhaps to بَرَي, or to both, בָּרָ is the Hebrew equivalent, properly (though not necessarily always) signifying “ he created out of pre-existing matter,” or “ he fashioned. ”]2 برّأهُ, inf. n. تَبْرئَةٌ: see 4, in four places. [Hence,] لَا التَّبْرِئَةِ The لا that denies in a general manner, absolutely, or to the uttermost; i. e. the لا that is a universal negative. (Mughnee &c.) b2: Also He verified his being free [from a thing], clear, or quit, [of it,] guiltless [of it], or irresponsible [for it]. (Mgh, TA.) 3 بارأهُ, (T, S, M, Mgh, K,) inf. n. مُبَارَأَةٌ (T, M, Mgh) and بِرَآءٌ, (M,) He made him (his copartner) free, clear, quit, or irresponsible, the latter doing to him the same: (Mgh:) he compounded, or made a compromise, with him (his hired man, T, M) for their mutual separation: (M:) he separated himself from him (his copartner, S, O), the latter doing the same. (S, O, K.) And بَارَأْتُ الرَّجُلَ I became free, clear, quit, or irresponsible, to the man, he becoming so to me. (M.) And بارأ المَرْأَةَ, (T, M, K,) or امْرَأَتَهُ, (S,) inf. n. as above, (M,) He compounded, or made a compromise, with the woman (or his wife, S) for their mutual separation; (M, K;) i. e. he divorced her for a compensation [which she was to make him, such as her giving up a portion of her dowry remaining due to her, in order that they might be clear, each of the other]: it occurs also [without ء] in art. برى. (TA.) 4 ابرأهُ He (God, S, M, K) [recovered him, or] restored him to convalescence, (M, K,) مِنَ المَرَضِ [from the disease, sickness, or malady]. (S.) b2: أَبْرَأَكَ مِنَ الأَمْرِ and ↓ بَرَّأَكَ (M, K *) He (i. e. God, TA) made thee, pronounced thee, or held thee, or hath made thee, &c., or may He make thee, &c., to be free from the thing or affair, or clear or quit thereof, or guiltless thereof, or irresponsible for it; (TA;) [or He acquitted thee, or hath acquitted thee, or may He acquit thee, thereof; or He showed thee, or hath showed thee, or may He show thee, to be free from it, &c.: see also 2, above:] said in relation to [a fault or the like, and] a debt, and a claim, and religion [&c.]. (M.) You say, مِنَ العَيْبِ ↓ بَرَّأْتُهُ I made him, pronounced him, or held him, to be free from the fault, defect, imperfection, blemish, or vice. (Msb.) It is said in the Kur [xxxiii. 69], ↓ فَبَرَّأْهُ اللّٰهُ مِمَا قَالُوا (M) But God showed him to be clear of that which they said. (Bd.) You say also, أَبْرَأْتُهُ مِنَ الدَّيْنِ I made him, pronounced him, or held him, to be clear, or quit, of the debt; irresponsible for it; or in a state of immunity with respect to it; i. e., exempt from the demand thereof: (Msb:) and أَبْرَأْتُهُ مِمَّا لِى

عَلَيْهِ; and ↓ بَرَّأْتُهُ, inf. n. تَبْرِئَةٌ; [I acquitted him of that which he owed me:] (S:) and أَبْرَأْتُهُ [alone] I made him, pronounced him, or held him, to be clear, or quit, of a claim that I had upon him, or a due or right that he owed me. (Mgh.) A2: ابرأ [in the T (as on the authority of Aboo-'Amr Esh-Sheybánee) أَبْرَى] He entered upon [the night, or day, called] البَرَآء, q. v. (K.) 5 تَبَرَّاَ see 1, in three places. تبرّأ مِنْهُ also signifies He asserted himself to be free from it; or clear, or quit, of it; namely, a fault, or the like. (Mgh.) [And He declared himself to be clear of him; to be not connected, or implicated, with him; he renounced him: see Kur ii. 161 and 162, &c:] 6 تَبَارَأْنَا We separated ourselves, each from the other. (TA.) [See 3.]10 استبرأ, (T,) or استبرأ مِنَ البَوْلِ, (Msb,) He took extraordinary pains, or the utmost pains, in cleansing the orifice of his penis from the remains of urine, by shaking it and pulling it and the like, until he knew that nothing remained in it: (T:) or he purified, or cleansed, himself from urine; syn. تَنَزَّهُ عَنْهُ: (Msb:) or استبرأ, (M,) or استبرأ الذَّكَرَ, (K, TA,) signifies he took extraordinary pains, or the utmost pains, in cleansing the penis from urine; or he cleansed it entirely from urine; (M, * K, * TA;) and so استبرأ الفَرْجَ: and in like manner, استبرأتِ الفَرْجَ said of a woman: (El-Munáwee, TA:) but the lawyers make a distinction between اسْتِبْرَآءٌ and اِسْتِنْقَآءٌ [which are made syn. in the M and K]: see the latter word. (TA.) b2: And استبرأ الجَارِيَةَ, (T, S, Mgh,) or المَرْأَةَ, (M, Msb, K,) He abstained from sexual intercourse (T, M, K) with the girl whom he had purchased or whom he had taken captive, (T,) or with the woman, (M, K,) until she had menstruated (T, M, K) at his abode, once, and then become purified: (T:) the meaning is, (T,) he sought to find her free from pregnancy. (T, Mgh, Msb.) b3: Hence, (Mgh,) استبرأ الشَّيْءِ, (Z, Mgh, Msb,) or الأَمْرَ, (TA,) He searched, searched out, or sought to find or discover, the uttermost of the thing, or affair, (Z, Mgh, Msb, TA,) in order that he might know it, (Mgh,) to put an end to his doubt. (Z, Mgh, Msb, TA.) You say, اِسْتَبْرَأْتُ مَا عِنْدَكَ [I searched, or sought to find or discover, or I have searched, &c., the uttermost of what thou hast, of knowledge &c.]. (S, TA.) And استبرأ أرْضَ كَذَا فَمَا وَجَدَ ضَالَّتَهُ [He searched the uttermost of such a land and found not his stray beast]. (TA.) It is said in the Expos. of the Jámi' es-Sagheer that اِسْتِبْرَآءٌ is an expression denoting The seeking, or seeking leisurely and repeatedly, to obtain knowledge of a thing, until one knows it; considering it with the endeavour to obtain a clear knowledge of it; taking, in doing so, the course prescribed by prudence, precaution, or good judgment. (Mgh.) بُرُأَةٌ A hunter's lurking-place or covert: (T, S, M, K:) pl. بُرَأٌ. (T, S, M.) El-Aashà says, بِهَا بُرَأٌ مِثْلُ الفَسِيلِ المُكَمَّمِ [At it (a source of water mentioned in the context) were hunters' lurking-places, like young palmtrees covered over: for tender young palm-trees are often covered over with a kind of coarse matting]. (T, S, M.) بَرَآءٌ: see بَرِىْءٌ, in six places. b2: البَرَآءٌ The first night of the [lunar] month; (El-Mázinee, T, S, K;) called thus, (S,) or لَيْلَةُ البَرَآءِ, (M,) because the moon has then become clear of the sun: (S, M:) or the first day of the month: (AA, T, K:) or the last night thereof: (As, T, K:) or the last day thereof; (IAar, T, K;) a fortunate day; every event happening therein being regarded as a means of obtaining a blessing; (IAar, T;) but most hold that the last day of the month is termed النَّحِيرَةٌ; (TA;) as also اِبْنُ البَرَآءِ: (K:) or this is the first day of the month: (IAar, T, TA:) pl. أَبْرِئَةٌ. (Th, M.) بُرَآءُ: see بَرِىْءٌ, in two places.

بَرِىْءٌ Free, (Msb,) مِنْهُ from it; namely a fault, defect, imperfection, blemish, or vice; (Mgh, Msb;) and, also followed by مِنْهُ, clear, or quit, of it; irresponsible for it; or in a state of immunity with respect to it; i. e. exempt from the demand thereof; namely a debt, (Msb,) or a claim, or due, or right; (Mgh;) as also ↓ بَارِىٌ and ↓ بَرَآءٌ. (Msb.) You say, أَنَا بَرِىْءٌ مِنْهُ [I am free from it, &c.]; (T, * S, M, K; *) and ↓ بَرَآءٌ, used alike as sing. and dual and pl. (Fr, T, S, M, K) and masc. and fem., (Fr, T, M, K,) because it is originally an inf. n.; (Fr, T, S;) and ↓ بُرَآءٌ: (S, M:) the pl. of بَرِىْءٌ is بَرِيؤُونَ (T, S, K) and بُرَأءُ (T, S, M, K) and بُرَآءٌ, (T, M, K,) of the measure فُعَالٌ, (T,) like رُخَالٌ, (M, K,) of an extr. measure, disapproved by Suh, who says, in the R, that it is a contraction of بُرَأءُ, and has tenween because it resembles [words originally of the measure] فُعَالٌ, and that the rel. n. formed from it is ↓ بُرَاوِىٌّ, (TA,) but it is mentioned by AAF as a pl. of بَرِىْءٌ, and as being like رُخَالٌ, and Fr mentions بُرَآءُ as a pl. of the same, imperfectly decl., with one of the two hemzehs suppressed, (M,) and بِرَآءٌ (S, M, K) and أَبْرَآءٌ (S, K) and أَبْرِئَآءُ, (T, S, K,) the last two anomalous: (TA:) the fem. of بَرِيْءٌ is بَرِيْئَةٌ; pl. بَرِيْآتٌ (T, S, M, K) and بَرِيَّاتٌ (Lh, M, K) and بَرَايَا. (T, S, M, K.) Yousay, أَنَا بَرِىْءٌ مِنْهُ and خَلِىٌّ مِنْهُ [I am free from it; or, more commonly, I am clear, or quit, of it, or him]; and مِنْهُ ↓ أنَا بَرَآءٌ and خَلَآءٌ مِنْهُ; (S;) and مِنْهُ ↓ أَنَا البَرَآءُ: (M:) and ↓ نَحْنُ مِنْكَ البَرَآءُ and الخَلَآءُ [We are clear, or quit, of you]; (Fr, T;) i. e., ذَوُو البَرَآءِ: so says Aboo-Is-hák; and As says the like of what Fr says. (T.) It is said in the Kur [xliii. 25], مِمَّا تَعْبُدُونَ ↓ إِنَّنِى بَرَآءٌ [Verily I am clear of that which ye worship]; (T, M;) or بَرِىْءٌ, or ↓ بُرَآءٌ; accord. to different readers. (Bd.) بَرِىْءٌ occurs in several places in the Kur. (M.) Accord. to IAar, it signifies Clear of evil qualities or dispositions; shunning what is vain and false; remote from actions that occasion suspicion; pure in heart from associating any with God: and it signifies sound in body and intellect. (T.) See also بَارِئٌ, in two places.

بَرَآءَةٌ A writing of [i. e. conferring] immunity or exemption: from بَرِئَ مِنَ الدَّيْنِ and العَيْب, of which it is the inf. n.: pl. بَرَاآتٌ, with medd: بَرَاوَاتٌ is [pl. of بَرَاةٌ, and both of these are] vulgar. (Mgh.) بُرَاوِىٌّ: see بَرِىْءٌ.

البَرِيَّةُ The creation; as meaning the beings, or things, that are created; or, particularly, mankind; syn. الخَلْقُ: (T, S, M:) pronounced without ء; (T, S;) originally with ء, like نَبِىٌّ and ذُرِّيَةٌ; (M;) and the people of Mekkeh differ from the other Arabs in pronouncing these three words with ء: (Yoo, T, M:) Lh says that the Arabs agree in omitting the ء in these three instances; and he does not except the people of Mekkeh: (M:) it is of the measure فَعِيلَةٌ in the sense of مَفْعُولَةٌ, (Msb,) from بَرَأَ اللّٰهُ الخَلْقَ, meaning خَلَقَهُمْ: (Fr, T:) or, if derived from البَرَى

[“earth” or “dust”], it is originally without ء: (Fr, T, S:) pl. بَرَايَا and بَرِيَّاتٌ. (S in art. برو and برى.) بَارِئٌ, (K,) or بَارِئٌ مِنْ مَرَضِهِ, (Lh, S, M,) [Recovering from his disease, sickness, or malady: or] convalescent; or becoming sound, or healthy, at the close of his disease, but being yet weak; or recovering, but not completely, his health and strength: [see 1:] (M, K:) as also ↓ بَرِئْءٌ: (Lh, M, K:) but whether the latter be properly used in this sense is disputed; while the former is said to be the act. part. n. of 1 in all its senses: (TA:) pl. بِرَآءٌ, (M, K,) like as صِحَاحٌ is pl. of صَحِيحٌ, accord. to Lh, so that he holds it to be pl. of بَرِىْءٌ; or it may be pl. of بَارِئٌ, like as جِيَاعٌ is pl. of جَائِعٌ, and صِحَابٌ of صَاحِبٌ. (M.) ↓ بَرِىْءٌ is sometimes written and pronounced بَرِىٌّ [in all its senses]. (Kz.) b2: See also بَرِيْءٌ.

A2: البَارِئُ, applied to God, The Creator; (T, S, Msb;) He who hath created the things that are created, not after any similitude, or model; (Nh;) or He who hath created those things free from any incongruity, or faultiness, (Mgh, and Bd in ii. 51,) and distinguished, one from another, by various forms and outward appearances: (Bd:) or the Former, or Fashioner; syn. المُصَوِّرُ [q. v.]. (M.)

بوح

1 بَاحَ, (A, Msb, K,) aor. ـُ (Msb,) inf. n. بَوْحٌ, (A, Msb,) It (a secret, A, or a thing, Msb) became apparent, or manifest. (A, Msb, K.) Yousay, بَاحَ مَا كَتَبْتُ [What I concealed became apparent]. (A.) And أَعُوذُ بِاللّٰهِ مشنْ بَوْحِ السِّرِّ وَكَشْفِ السِّتْرِ [I seek protection by God from the appearing of the secret, and the removing of the veil, or covering]. (A.) A2: بَاحَ بِهِ, (S, A, Msb, K,) [aor. as above,] inf. n. بَوْحٌ and بُؤُوحٌ and بُؤُوحَةٌ, (K, TA,) He revealed, or disclosed, it; (S, A, Msb, K;) namely, a secret, (S, A, K,) or a thing; (Msb;) as also ↓ اباحهُ. (A, Msb, K.) It (the former) is said to be from ↓ الإِبَاحَهُ [the inf. n. of the latter] signifying The showing a thing to the beholder in order that he who will may take it. (TA.) You say, سِرًّا فَبَاحَ بِهِ ↓ أَبَاحَهُ He revealed to him a secret, and he (the latter) [revealed it, i. e.,] did not conceal it. (TA.) And بُحْ بِاسْمِكَ وَ لَا تَكْنِ عَنْهُ [Reveal thou thy name, and make not a mere allusion to it]. (A.) 4 اباح, inf. n. إِبَاحَةٌ: see 1, in three places. b2: إِبَاحَةٌ and ↓ اِسْتِبَاحَةٌ are used as syn.: but it is said that the former signifies The making a thing allowable, or free, to him who desires it, or seeks it: and the latter, the taking a thing as allowed, allowable, free, or lawful. (MF.) You say, اباح الشَّىْءَ He made the thing allowable, or free. (L.) And اباح مَالَهُ He gave permission either to take or let alone his property; made it allowable, or free, either way one might choose to take. (Msb.) And أَبَحْتُكَ الشَّىْءَ I made, or have made, the thing allowable, free, or lawful, to thee, (S, L, K, TA,) to take it, [or let it alone,] or do it, [or make use of it,] or possess it; but not by the law of the religion, for to do this belongs to God and his apostle; except in the language of this law. (MF, TA.) [Hence it is said that] إِبَاحَةٌ bears a signification similar to that of نُهْبَى [i. e. Spoliation; a taking of spoil; or the taking a thing as spoil; a signification more properly belonging to the inf. n. of 10, q. v.]. (L.) 10 استباحهُ He deemed it, or esteemed it, to be allowed, allowable, free, or lawful; namely, the property of another: (A:) or he took it as allowed, allowable, &c. (A, * MF.) See 4. b2: He took it as spoil, or plunder. (TA.) b3: He made an attack upon it; namely, the property of another. (Msb.) b4: He took him captive, making him as a lawful possession to him. (TA.) b5: And اِسْتَبَاحَهُمْ, (K,) or اِسْتَبَاحُوهُمْ, (S,) He, or they, extirpated, or exterminated, them. (S, K.) بُوحٌ has the following various significations assigned to it in explanations of the saying, اِبْنُكَ ابْنُ بُوحِكَ يَشْرَبُ مِنْ صَبُوحِكَ: (S, TA:) The penis: (S, K, Har p. 336:) the فَرْج [or pudendum, app. meaning, of a woman]: (K, Har p. 328 on the authority of AO:) the نَفْس [meaning one's self]: (IAar, T, S, Meyd, L:) coitus; syn. وَطْءٌ (S) or جِمَاعٌ: (K:) and accord. to the last but one of these renderings, [and virtually accord. to the others also,] the saying means Thy son is the son of thyself, [who drinks of thy morningdraught]; (T, TA;) he whom thou hast begotten, not he whom thou hast adopted: (IAar, and Mtr in Har p. 328:) or بوح, here, is pl. of بَاحَةٌ; (A, TA, Har p. 336;) and the meaning is, he who has been born within the courts of thy house; (A;) or, in the court of thy house, (TA, Har,) not in the house of another: (TA:) or بوح is here a subst. from بَاحَ الشَّىْءِ; and the meaning is, thy son is he whom thou hast openly acknowledged (بُحْتَ بِهِ), and whom his mother hath also, agreeably with thee: (Har p. 328:) [accord. to some,] it signifies also i. q. أَصْلٌ [i. e. origin; or race, or stock, which it may mean in the saying above: or original, or primary, state, or condition]; (K, Har p. 328;) [for] one says, رَجَعَ إِلَى بُوحِهِ [He returned, or reverted, to his original, or primary, state, or condition]. (Har p. 328.) بَاحَةٌ The court; or a spacious vacant part, or portion, in which is no building; syn. سَاحَةٌ, (S A, K,) and عَرْصَةٌ; (A, TA;) of a house or dwelling: (S, TA:) pl. بُوحٌ [q. v.]. (A, TA.) Hence [is said to be derived] بُحْبُوحَةُ الدَّارِ [mentioned in art. بح]. (TA.) One says also, نَحْنُ فِى بَاحَةِ الدَّارِ, meaning We are in the middle, or midst, or best part, of the abode, or district, or country; i. e. أَوْسَطِهَا. (TA.) And hence, accord. to Fr, تَبَحْبَحَ [explained in art. بح]. (Az, TA.) It is said in a trad., لَيْسَ لِلنِّسَآءِ مِنْ بَاحَةِ الطَّرِيقِ شَىْءْ, meaning [Women have no right] in the middle of the road. (TA.) b2: Also The main part or body of water: (K:) applied by most of the lexicologists to the sea. (TA.) [In the present day applied to A deep part of the sea, distant from land; the deep; the main, or main sea.] b3: And Many palm-trees. (Aboo-Sárim El-Bahdalee, IAar, K.) أَمَرَهُ بِمَعْصِيَةٍ بَوَاحًا He ordered him to disobey, or rebel, openly. (K.) The last word occurs in this sense in two trads.; but in one of them, accord. to one recital, it is بَرَاحًا. (TA.) هُوَ بَؤُوحٌ بِمَا فِى صَدْرِهِ He is one who reveals, or discloses, what is in his bosom; as also بَيْحَانٌ and بَيَّحَانٌ; (K;) the ى being originally و. (TA.) مُبَاحٌ Allowed or allowable [to be taken, or let alone, or done, or made use of, or possessed; see 4]; made allowable, free, or lawful; contr. of مَحْظُورٌ. (S, A.) المُبِيحُ The lion. (K.)

بجد

1 بَجَدَ بِالمَكَانِ, (S, A, L, K, *) aor. ـُ (L,) inf. n. بُجُودٌ (S, L, K) and تَبْجِيدٌ; (Kr;) and ↓ بجّد, inf. n. تَبْجِيدٌ; (L, K;) He remained, stayed, abode, or dwelt, (S, A, L, K,) in the place; (S, A, L;) settled, or remained fixed, in it; not quitting it. (A.) b2: بَجَدَتِ الإِبَلُ, (L, K,) inf. n. بُجُودٌ; and ↓ بجّدت; (L;) The camels kept to the place of pasturing. (L, K.) 2 بَجَّدَ see 1, in two places.

بَجَدٌ A company, or an assembly, of men: and a hundred, and more, of horses: (L, K:) on the authority of El-Hejeree: (TA:) pl. بُجُودٌ. (L.) بَجْدَةٌ i. q. أَصْلٌ [The root, basis, or foundation; or the origin, or source; or the most essential part, or very essence; of a thing]. (K.) b2: and [hence, app.,] The inward, or intrinsic, state or circumstances of a case or an affair; as also ↓ بُجْدَةٌ and ↓ بُجُدَةٌ: (S, L, K:) or the true, or real, state or circumstances thereof; the positive, or established, truth thereof; from بَجَدَ بَالمَكَانِ. (A.) You say, هُوَ عَالِمٌ بِبَجْدَةِ أَمْرِكَ, (S, A, L,) and ↓ بِبُجْدَتِهِ, and ↓ بِبُجُدَتِهِ, (S, L,) He is acquainted with the inward, or intrinsic, state or circumstances of thy case or affair: (S, L:) or, with the true, or real, state or circumstances thereof; with the positive, or established, truth thereof. (A.) And عِنْدِهُ بَجْدَةُ ذٰلِكَ, (S, K,) with fet-h, (S,) He possesses the knowledge of that. (S, K.) And hence, (S,) هَوَ ابْنُ بَجْدَتِهَا, (S, K,) contr. of هو ابن نجْدَتِهَا, (A in art, نجد,) or, as in the books of proverbs, أَنَا ابْنُ بَجْدَتِهَا, the [affixed] pronoun referring to الأَرْض [understood], as is said by Meyd and Z, (TA,) applied to [signify He is, or I am,] the person acquainted with the thing; (S, L, K;) possessing, or exercising, the skill requisite for it; (S, L;) the discriminator, or discerner, thereof; (L;) and one says likewise, هُوَ ابْنُ مَدِينَتِهَا وَابْنُ بَجْدَتِهَا: (TA:) it is also applied to [signify he is, or I am,] the skilful guide of the way [thereof]: (L, K:) and hence, [accord. to some,] it is proverbially applied to any one acquainted with an affair; skilful therein: (TA:) and to [signify he is, or I am,] the person who will not quit, or depart from, his place; from the saying بَجَدَ بَالمَكَانِ: (L:) or the person who will not depart from his saying: (K: [there explained by the words لِمَنْ لَا يَبْرَحُ مِنْ قَوْلِهِ: but the TA supplies some apparent omissions in this explanation, making it to agree with that which here immediately precedes it, taken from the L; and adds that, in some copies of the K, عن قوله is erroneously put for من قوله: also, that he who remains in a place knows that place:]) or, accord. to some, بَجْدَةٌ signifies dust, or earth; so that أَنَا ابْنُ بَجْدَتَهَا is as though it meant I am created of its dust, or earth. (TA.) b3: Also A [desert, such as is termed] صَحْرِآء. (K.) Kaab Ibn-Zuheyr uses the phrase اِبْنُ بَجْدَتَهَا as meaning Its male chameleon; the pronoun referring to a desert (فَلَاة) which he is describing. (TA.) And you say of a land covered with black locusts, أَصْبَحَتِ الأَرْضُ بَجْدَهً وَاحِدَةً [The land became, or has become, one desert, destitute of vegetable produce]. (L.) بُجْدَهٌ and بُجُدَةٌ: see بَجْدَةٌ; each in two places.

بِجَادٌ A striped garment of the kind called كِسَآء, (S, A, L, K,) being one of the kinds of كَسآء worn by the Arabs of the desert: (S, L:) or, of which the wool has been spun, or twisted, in the manner termed يَسْرَةً [app. a mistranscription for يَسْرًا (see فَتْلٌ يَسْرٌ in art. يسر)], and woven with the instrument calledصِيصَة: pl. بُجُدٌ: a single oblong piece thereof is called فَلِيجٌ, of which the pl. is فُلُجٌ. (L, TA.) b2: Also A kind of tent, of [the soft hair called] وَبَر. (Ibn-ElKelbee, TA voce بَيْتٌ, q. v.) بَاجِدٌ Remaining, staying, abiding, or dwelling, in a place; (L;) settled, or remaining fixed, in a land. (A.)

برد

1 بَرُدَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. بُرُودَةٌ; (S, M, Mgh, Msb, K;) and بَرَدَ, aor. ـُ (M, Msb, K,) inf. n. بَرْدٌ; (M, Msb;) It (a thing, S, Msb, and the latter said of water, Msb) was, or became, cold, chill, or cool; [see بَرْدٌ below;] (S, M;) its heat became allayed. (Msb.) The latter verb is also used transitively, as will be shown below. (Msb.) b2: [Hence,] بَرُدَ مَضْجَعَهُ [lit. His bed, or place of sleep, became cold; meaning] (tropical:) he went on a journey. (A.) b3: بَرَدَ also signifies (tropical:) He died; (As, T, S, A, K;) because death is the non-existence of the heat of the soul; (L;) or it is allusive to the extinction of the natural heat; or to the cessation of motion. (MF.) For b4: بَرَدَ, (MF,) aor. ـُ (Mgh,) inf. n. بَرْدٌ, (MF,) likewise signifies (assumed tropical:) It was, or became, still, quiet, or motionless; (Mgh, MF;) for instance, a slaughtered sheep or goat [&c.]. (Mgh.) And (assumed tropical:) It (beverage of the kind called نَبِيذ) became still, and without briskness. (TA, from a trad.) Yousay, رُعِبَ فَبَرَدَ مَكَانَهُ [(assumed tropical:) He became frightened, and remained motionless in his place; مَكَانَهُ meaning فِى مَكَانَهُ: and hence,] (tropical:) he became amazed, or stupified. (A.) And بَرَدَتْ عَيْنُهُ (assumed tropical:) The pain in his eye became allayed, or stilled. (L.) And بَرَدَ أَمْرُنَا (assumed tropical:) Our affair, or case, became easy. (TA, from a trad. [See also بَارِدٌ.]) b5: Also, inf. n. بَرْد, [which see below,] (assumed tropical:) He slept. (T.) b6: And hence, (tropical:) It remained, or became permanent, or fixed, or settled. (T.) So in the saying, لَمْ يَبْرُدْ بِيَدِى مِنْهُ شَيْءٌ (tropical:) There did not remain, or become permanent or fixed or settled, in my hand, thereof, anything. (T, L. *) Yousay also, بَرَدَ أَسِيرًا فِى أَيْدِيْهِمْ (tropical:) He remained safely a captive in their hands. (A.) And بَرَدَ فِى أَيْدِيهمْ سَلْمًا (tropical:) He became a permanent captive, remaining in their hands, not to be ransomed nor liberated nor demanded. (L.) And بَرَدَ المَوْتِ عَلَىمُصْطَلَاهُ (tropical:) Death fixed, or settled, [upon his face and extremities, or] upon his limbs, or upon his arms and legs and face and every prominent part, which become cold at the time of death, and which are warmed at the fire. (AHeyth, L.) And بَرَدَ المَوْتِ عَلَيْهِ [(tropical:) Death became impressed upon him;] the marks, or signs, of death became apparent upon him. (A.) b7: [And hence, app.,] (tropical:) It (a right, or due,) became incumbent, or obligatory, (M, K, TA,) and established. (TA.) You say, بَرَدَ لِى حَقِّى عَلَى فُلَانٍ (tropical:) My right, or due, became incumbent, or obligatory, on such a one, and established against him. (M, * A, * TA.) And مَا بَرَدَ لَكَ عَلَى فُلَانٍ (tropical:) What hath become incumbent, or obligatory, to thee, on such a one, and established against him? or what hath become owed, or due, to thee, by, or from, such a one? as also مَا ذَابَ لَكَ عَلَيْهِ. (S.) And بَرَدَ لِى عَلَيْهِ كَذَا مِنَ المَالِ (tropical:) Such an amount of the property, or of property, became incumbent, or obligatory, to me, on him, and established against him; or became owed, or due, to me, by, or from, him. (S.) b8: Also, (K,) aor. ـُ inf. n. بَرْدٌ, (TA, [but see the next sentence,]) (assumed tropical:) He (a man) was, or became, weak; and so بُرِدَ, a verb like عُنِىَ. (K.) And, inf. n. بُرَادٌ and بُرُودٌ, (M, K,) (assumed tropical:) He was, or became, languid, (K,) or weak and languid, from leanness or disease: (M:) or weak in the legs, from hunger or fatigue. (Ibn-Buzurj, T.) And بَرَدَ مُخُّهُ, (A, K,) aor. ـُ inf. n. بَرْدٌ, (TA,) (tropical:) He was, or became, lean, or emaciated; (A, K;) and so بَرَدَتْ عِظَامُهُ. (A, TA.) b9: (assumed tropical:) It (a sword [or the like]) was, or became, blunt. (M, K.) A2: بَرَدَهُ, (S, Msb, K,) aor. ـُ (Msb,) inf. n. بَرْدٌ; (K;) and ↓ برّدهُ, (S, M, Msb, K,) inf. n. تَبْرِيدٌ; (S;) He made it, or rendered it, (for ex., water, M, Msb, K,) cold, chill, or cool: (S, &c.:) but the latter has an intensive signification [he made it, or rendered it, very cold, or very cool]: (Msb:) or both signify, (K,) or the former signifies, (M, TA,) he mixed it with snow: (M, K:) one does not say ↓ ابردهُ, except in a bad dialect. (S.) بَرِّدِيهِ, being used by a poet for بَلْ رِدِيهِ, has been erroneously supposed to mean “Make thou it hot.” (M.) You say, بَرَدَنَا اللَّيْلُ, (aor. and inf. n. as above, M,) and بَرَدَ عَلَيْنَا, The night affected us with its cold. (M, K.) and سَقَيْتُهُ شَرْبَةً بَرَدَتْ فُؤَادَهُ, (S, M, *) aor. and inf. n. as above, (S,) I gave him to drink a draught that cooled his heart: (S, M:) or بَرَدْتُ بِهَا فُؤَادَهُ [with which I cooled his heart]. (So in the T.) And فُؤَادَكَ بِشَرْبَةٍ ↓ بَرِّدْ Cool thy heart by a draught. (A.) And اِسْقِنِى سَوِيقًا أَبْرُدْ بِهِ كَبِدِى

[Give thou me to drink سويق with which I may cool my liver]. (T.) And بَرَدَ عَيْنُهُ بِالْكُحْلِ, (A'Obeyd, T, M,) or بِالْبَرُودِ, (S, Msb, K,) aor. and inf. n. as above, (M,) [He cooled his eye with the collyrium, or] he applied the cooling collyrium to his eye, (T, * S, M, * Msb, K, *) and allayed its pain. (M.) The following words, cited by IAar, بَرَدُوا غَوَارِبَ أَيْنُقٍ حُدْبِ [lit. They cooled the fore parts of the humps, or the backs, of humped she-camels], mean (tropical:) they put off from them their saddles, that their backs might become cool. (M.) You say also, بَرِّدْ ↓ ظَهْرَ فَرَسِكَ سَاعَةً (tropical:) Relieve thy horse from riding [lit. cool his back] awhile. (A.) And لَا تُبَرِّدْ ↓ عَنْ فُلَانٍ (tropical:) Do not thou alleviate the punishment [in the world to come] due to the offence of such a one by thy reviling him, or cursing him, when he has acted injuriously to thee. (T, S, * M, * A, * L.) And بَرَدَ الخُبْزَ, (T, L, K,) بِالْمَآءِ, (T,) He poured [cold] water upon the bread, (T, L, K,) and moistened it [therewith: see بَرُودٌ]. (T, L.) b2: بُرِدَ (a verb like عُنِىَ, K) It (a company of men) was hailed upon. (S, M, K.) And بُرِدَتِ الأَرُضُ The land, or ground, was hailed upon. (S.) A3: بَرَدَ, (S, M, &c.,) aor. ـُ (TA,) inf. n. بَرْدٌ, (Mgh, TA,) also signifies He filed (M, Mgh, K) iron, (S, M, &c.,) and the like, (M,) with a مِبْرَد.(S, M, Mgh, Msb, K.) A4: بَرَدَهُ and ↓ ابردهُ He sent him as a بَرِيد [or messenger on a postmule or post-horse]. (K.) And بَرَدَ بَريدًا, (M,) and ↓ ابردهُ, (A,) He sent a بريد. (M, A.) and إِلْيَهِ ↓ ابرد, (S,) or اليه بَرِيدًا ↓ ابرد, (T, TA.) He sent to him a بريد. (T, S.) 2 بَرَّدَ see بَرَدَهُ, in four places. b2: برّدهُ عَلَيْهِ (tropical:) He made it incumbent, or obligatory, on him. (M, A.) b3: And برّدهُ, (K, TA, but omitted in the CK,) inf. n. تَبْرِيدٌ; (TA;) and ↓ ابردهُ; (M, K;) (tropical:) It (a thing, M) made him, or rendered him, weak; weakened him; (K;) or made him, or rendered him, weak and languid. (M.) A2: [برّد also signifies, as is indicated in the TA voce حُبَاحِبٌ, It (a locust) spread forth its wings; which are termed its بُرْدَانِ: see بُرْدٌ.]4 ابرد He entered upon a cold, or cool, time: (Mgh, Msb:) he entered upon the last part of the day: (M, K:) he entered upon the time when the sun had declined: (Mohammad Ibn-Kaab, T:) and he entered upon the cool season, at the end of the summer. (Lth, T.) [Hence,] أَبْرِدُوا بِالطَّعَامِ Delay ye to eat food until it is cool: occurring in a trad. (El-Munáwee.) And أَبْرِدُوا بِالظُّهْرِ (T, A, Mgh, Msb) Defer ye the noon-prayers until the cooler time of the day, when the vehemence of the heat shall have become allayed. (Mgh, Msb.) And أَبْرِدْ عَنْكَ مِنَ الظَّهِيرِةَ Stay thou until the mid-day heat shall have become assuaged, and the air be cool. (M, and L in art. فيح.) b2: ابردلَهُ He gave him to drink what was cold, or cool. (M, K.) You say also, سَقَيْتُهُ فَأَبْرَدْتُ لَهُ, meaning I gave him to drink what was cold, or cool. (A'Obeyd, S.) b3: ابردهُ He brought it cold, or cool. (M, K.) b4: See بَرَدَهُ, first sentence. b5: and see 2.

A2: See also 1, in four places; last three sentences.5 تبرّد فِيهِ He descended into it, (i. e., into water, TA,) and washed himself in it, to refresh himself by its coolness. (M, K.) See also 8. b2: تبرّد also signifies (assumed tropical:) He became weakened. (TA.) 8 ابترد He washed himself with cold water: (S:) and likewise, (S,) or ابتردالمَآءَ, (K,) he drank water to cool his liver: (S, K:) or the latter signifies he poured the water cold upon himself, (M, K,) meaning, upon his head: (M:) and بِالْمَاءِ ↓ تبرّد, (T, A,) and ابترد, (A,) he washed himself with water, or with the water. (T.) 10 استبرد عَلَيْهِ لِسَانَهُ (tropical:) He let loose his tongue and used it like a file against him. (A.) بَرْدٌ and ↓ بُرُودَةٌ [originally inf. ns.] Cold; coldness; chill; chilness; cool, as a subst.; coolness; the former, contr. of حَرٌّ; (S, M, A, Msb;) and the latter, of حَرَارَةٌ. (S.) b2: And [hence] the former, (tropical:) Pleasantness; enjoyment; ease; comfort: as in the saying, نَسْأَلُكَ الجَنَّةَ وَ بَرْدَهَا (tropical:) We ask of Thee Paradise and its pleasantness, &c. (L.) b3: Also (assumed tropical:) Sleep: (T, S, M, A, K:) [an inf. n. used as a subst.:] so in the Kur lxxviii. 24: (S, M, K:) for sleep cools a man: (TA:) or, accord. to I'Ab, it there means the coldness, or coolness, of beverage. (T.) You say, مَنَعَ البَرَدُ البَرْدَ (assumed tropical:) The hail prevented sleep. (A.) b4: And (assumed tropical:) Saliva: (Th, T, M, K:) so, accord. to Th, in the saying of El-'Arjee, وَ إِنْ شِئْتِ لَمْ أَطْعَمُ نُقَاخًا وَ لَا بَرْدَا And if thou desire, I will not taste sweet water, nor saliva [from any lips but thine]. (T, M, * TA. [But this is cited in the S as an ex. of بَرْد signifying sleep.]) b5: See also بَارِدٌ. b6: [Hence,] البَرْدَانِ: see الأَبْرَدَانِ, voce أَبْرَدُ.

بُرْدٌ A kind of garment; (S;) a kind of striped garment: (M, K:) accord. to some, of the description termed وَشْىٌ [or variegated]: (M:) or particular kinds thereof are distinguished by such terms as بُرْدُ عَصْبٍ and بُرْدُ وَ شْىٍ: (Msb:) also, (as a coll. gen. n., TA,) garments of the kind called أَكْسِيَةٌ, [pl. of كِسَآءٌ,] which are wrapped round the body; (K;) one of which is called ↓ بُرْدَةٌ: (M, K:) or, as Lth says, the بُرْد is [a] well-known [garment], of the kind called بُرُودُ العَصْبِ and بُرُودُ الوَشْىِ; (T;) but the ↓ بُرْدَةٌ is a garment of the kind called كِسَآءٌ, four-sided, black, and somewhat small, worn by the Arabs of the desert: (T, S, Mgh, * Msb, * TA:) or this latter (the بردة) is a striped garment of the kind called شَمْلَةٌ: (T:) or it is an oblong piece of woollen cloth, fringed: (M:) Sh says, I saw an Arab of the desert wearing a piece of woollen cloth resembling a napkin, wrapped round the body like an apron; and on my saying to him, What dost thou call it? he answered, بُرْدَة: (T:) [the modern بردة, in every case in which I have seen it, I have observed to be an oblong piece of thick woollen cloth, generally brown or of a dark or ashy dust-colour, and either plain, or having stripes so narrow and near together as to appear, at a little distance, of one colour; used both to envelop the person by day and as a night-covering: the بردة of Mohammad is described as about seven feet and a half in length, and four and a half in width, and in colour either أَخْضَر or أَحْمَر, i. e. of a dark or ashy dust-colour or brown; for such are the significations of these two epithets when applied to a garment of this kind, and in some other cases:] the pl. of بُرْدٌ is أَبْرُدٌ (M, K) and أَبْرَادٌ [both pls. of pauc.] and بُرُودٌ (S, M, K) and بُرَدٌ, (IAar, T,) or this last is pl. of بُرْدَةٌ, (S, M,) and بِرَادٌ, like as قِرَاطٌ is pl. of قُرْطٌ, or this, also, is pl. of بُرْدَةٌ, like as بِرَامٌ is pl. of بُرْمَةٌ. (M.) b2: ذُوبُرْدٍ, as opposed to ذُو كِسَآءِ, means (assumed tropical:) A rich man. (S in art. عج.) b3: وَقَعَ بَيْنُهُمَا قَدُّ بُرُودٍ يُمْنَةٍ, (so in copies of the K, in the TA يُمَنَةٍ,) or بُرُودٍ

ثَمِينَةٍ, (so in a copy of the A,) (tropical:) [There happened between them two the rending of بُرُود of the fabric of El-Yemen, accord. to the reading in the K, or of costly بُرُود, accord. to the reading in the A,] means they arrived at a great, or severe, state of affairs; (K;) or is said of two men who have contended together in vehement altercation so that they have rent each other's garments; (A;) [accord. to the reading in the K,] because يُمَنٌ, [in the CK يُمْن,] which are بُرُود of El-Yemen, are not rent save on account of some great, or severe, thing, or affair. (K.) b4: ↓ هُمَا فِى بُرْدَةِ

أَخْمَاسٍ means (assumed tropical:) They two do one deed; or act alike; (IAar, M, K;) and resemble each other, as though they were in one بُرْدَة: (IAar, M:) or they two have become near together, and in a state of agreement. (K in art. خمس, q. v.) b5: and ↓ سَلَبَ الصَّهْبَآءَ بُرْدَتَهَا(tropical:) He, or it, deprived the wine of its colour. (A.) b6: And بُرْدَا الجَرَادِ, (T,) or الجُنْدَبِ, (S,) (assumed tropical:) The two wings [of the locust, or of the species called جندب]. (T, S.) b7: And ↓بُرْدَةُ الضَّأْنِ(assumed tropical:) A certain sort of milk. (K.) بَرَدٌ Hail; what descends from the clouds, resembing pebbles; (M, Msb;) frozen rain; (Lth, T;) what is called حَبُّ الغَمَامِ (S, A, Msb, K) and حَبُّ المُزْنِ (Msb) [i. e. the grains, or berries, of the clouds: a coll. gen. n., of which the n. un. is with ة, signifying a hailstone].

بَرِدٌ Possessing coldness or coolness: an epithet applied to the [plant called] صِلِّيَان. (S.) b2: سَحَابٌ بَرِدٌ, (T, S, M, K,) and ↓ أَبْرَدُ, (S, K,) Clouds containing hail (T, S, M, K *) and cold. (T.) You say also سَحَابَةٌ بَرِدَةٌ A cloud containing hail (T, S, M, A *) and cold; (T;) but not سحابة بَرْدَآءُ. (M.) بَرْدَةٌ: see بَارِدٌ: A2: and see also بَرَدَةٌ.

A3: هِىَ لَكَ بَرْدَةَ نَفْسَهَا She is purely thine; (Fr, A'Obeyd, T, S, M;) syn. خَالِصَةً: (M:) A'Obeyd explains it by خَالِصًا, (T, S, M,) not in the fem. form, (TA,) on the authority of Fr. (T.) b2: هُوَ لِى بَرْدَةَ يَمِينِى, (A'Obeyd, M,) or هُوَ لِبَرْدَةِ يَمِينِى, (S,) He, or it, is known to me. (A'Obeyd, S, M.) A4: بَرْدَةُ a proper name applied to The ewe. (K.) بُرْدَةٌ: see بُرْدٌ, in five places.

بَرَدَةٌ (T, S, M, A, &c.) and ↓ بَرْدَةٌ (T, M, K) Indigestion; a malady arising from unwholesome food: (S, M, A, L, Msb, K:) or heaviness of food to the stomach: (IAar, T, L:) so termed because it makes the stomach cold. (T, L, Msb.) It is said in a trad., أَصْلُ كُلِّ دَآءٍ البَرَدَةُ [The origin of every disease is indigestion]. (T, S, M, * A.) A2: Also, the former, The middle of the eye. (K.) بُرَدَآءُ An ague; i. e. a fever attended by a cold fit, (K,) or by shivering. (TA.) بَرْدِيٌّ A well-known kind of plant, (S, M, * K,) of which the kind of paper termed قِرْطَاس is made; (TA in art. قرطس, q. v. ;) [namely, papyrus; and] of which mats are made; (Msb;) [app. meaning rushes in general: but the former is generally meant by it in the present day, and is probably the proper signification: anciently, mats, as well as ropes and sails &c., were made of the rind of the papyrus; and even small boats were constructed of its stalks bound together; and of such, probably, was the ark in which the infant Moses was exposed: it is a coll. gen. n.:] n. un.

بَرْدِيَّةٌ. (M, TA.) Hence, قَطْنُ البَرْدِىّ The cotton of the papyrus, which, resembling wool, is gathered from the stalk, and, mixed with lime, composes a very tenacious kind of cement. (Golius, from Ibn-Maaroof.) b2: [Also, a rel. n. from the same, meaning Of, or belonging to, or resembling, the plant so called. Hence the saying,] لَهَا سَاقٌ بَرْدِيَّةٌ [She has a shank like a papyrus-stalk]. (A.) بُرْدِىٌّ One of the most excellent sorts of dates: (S, Msb:) an excellent sort of dates, (AHn, M, K,) resembling the بَرْنِىّ: (AHn, M:) or a sort of dates of El-Hijáz. (TA.) بَرْدَانٌ Feeling cold or chilly or cool: fem. with ة: perhaps post-classical; for I have not found it mentioned in any of the lexicons.]

بُرَادٌ: see بَارِدٌ.

A2: Also Weakness of the legs, from hunger or fatigue. (Ibn-Buzurj, T.) [See also 1.]

بَرُودٌ: see بَارِدٌ. b2: Beverage that cools the heat of thirst. (T.) b3: Also, (T, L, K,) and ↓ مَبْرُودٌ, (T, M, A, L, K,) Bread upon which water is poured; (T, L, K;) which is moistened with cold water: (A:) eaten by women to make them fat. (M, A, L.) The subst. applied to such bread is ↓ بَرِيدٌ (A.) b4: بَرُودٌ [as an epithet in which the quality of a subst. predominates] also signifies Cold water which one pours upon his head. (M.) b5: Anything with which a thing is rendered cold, or cooled. (S, M.) b6: A collyrium which cools the eye; (Lth, T, M, Msb;) also termed بَرُودُ العَيْنِ. (T, S.) b7: بَرُودُ الظِّلِّ (assumed tropical:) Pleasant in social intercourse: applied alike to the male and the female. (TA, from a trad.) b8: ثَوْبٌ بَرُودٌ A garment without nap: (K:) and a garment that is not warm nor soft. (TA.) بَرِيدٌ: see بَرُودٌ.

A2: Also A mule appointed [ for the conveyance of messengers] in a رِبَاط [or public building for the accommodation of travellers and their beasts, or in a سِكَّة, which is a house or the like specially appropriated to messengers and the beasts that carry them: thus it signifies a postmule: afterwards, it was applied also to a posthorse, and any beast appointed for the conveyance of messengers]: (Mgh:) [this is what is meant by the words in the S and K, البَرِيدُ المُرَتَّبُ:] it is a word of Persian origin, (Z in the Fáïk,) arabicized, from بُرِيدَهْ دُمْ, (Z in the Fáïk, and Mgh,) i. e. “docked,” or “having the tail cut off;” for the post-mules (بِغَالُ البَرِيدِ) had their tails cut off in order that they might be known: (Z in the Fáïk:) [or perhaps it is from the Hebrew פֶּרֶד “a mule:”] or it is applied to the beast appointed for the conveyance of messengers (دَابَّةُ البَرِيدِ) because he traverses the space called بَرِيد [defined below: but the reason before given for this appellation is more probable: it is like the Lat. “veredus”]: (T, Msb:) pl. بُرُدٌ (Z, Mgh, Msb) and بُرْدٌ, which is a contraction of the former, like as رُسْلٌ is of رُسُلٌ. (Z.) You say, حُمِلَ فُلَانٌ عَلَى البَرِيِد [Such a one was borne on the postmule or post-horse]. (S.) Imra-el-Keys speaks of a بريد of the horses of Barbar. (S.) b2: Having been originally used in the sense first explained above, it was afterwards applied to A messenger borne on a post-mule [or post-horse]: (Z in the Fáïk, and Mgh:) or messengers on beasts of the post: (M, K:) or a messenger that journeys with haste: (A:) or [simply] a messenger: (S, Msb, K:) pl. as above. (M, * Z.) Hence the saying, الحُمَّى بَرِيدُ المَوْتِ Fever is the messenger of death: (T, Msb:) because it gives warning thereof. (T.) Hence also البَرِيدُ applied to The animal called الفُرَانِقُ, (said to be the jackal, but some say otherwise, TA,) because he gives warning before [the approach of] the lion. (T, S, K.) and صَاحِبُ البَرِيِد [The master of the messengers that journey on post-mules or post-horses]. (S.) [and خَيْلٌ البَرِيِد, occurring in many histories &c., The post-horses, that carry messengers and others.] b3: Also, having been applied to a messenger on a post-mule [or post-horse], it then became applied to The space, or distance, traversed by the messenger thus called; (Mgh, Msb; *) the space, or distance, between each سِكَّة and the سِكَّة next to it; the سكّة being a structure of either of the kinds called بَيْت and قُبَّة, or a رِبَاط [explained above], in which the appointed messengers lodge; (Z in the Fáïk;) the space, or distance, between two stations, or places of alighting; or two parasangs, or leagues; (M, K;) [six miles;] each parasang, or league, being three miles, and each mile being four thousand cubits: (TA:) or twelve miles; (S, A, Msb, K;) i. e. four parasangs, or leagues: (Mgh, TA:) [for] the space, or distance, between each station termed سِكَّة and the next to it is either two parasangs or four: (Z in the Fáïk:) the distance of twelve miles is [also] termed سِكَّةُ البَرِيِد: (T:) the pl. is as above. (T, Z.) A journey of four بُرُد, or forty-eight miles, renders it allowable to shorten prayers; which miles are of the Háshimee measure, such as are measured on the road to Mekkeh. (T.) b4: Also The course, or pace, of a camel along the space thus called: so in the following verse of Muzarrid, in praise of 'Arábeh El-Owsee: فَدَتْكَ عَرَابَ اليَوْمَ أُمِّى وَ خَالَتِى

وَ نَاقَتِىَ النَّاجِى إِلَيْكَ بَرِيدُهَا [May my mother, and my maternal aunt, and my she-camel that is swift in her course to thee from one station to another, be ransoms for thee, O 'Arábeh, (the name being contracted,) this day!]. (S.) بُرَادَةٌ Filings; (M, Mgh, K;) what falls from iron [&c.] when filed. (S.) بُرُودَةٌ: see بَرْدٌ.

بَرَّادَةٌ A vessel which cools water: (M, K:) or a كَوَّازَة [app. meaning either a stand, or a shelf, upon which mugs (كِيزَان, pl. of كُوز,) are placed; erroneously in the K, كُوَّارَةٌ, and كُوَارَةٌ, as I find it in different copies;] upon which water is cooled: (Lth, T, K: *) but [Az says,] I know not whether it be a classical or a post-classical word. (T.) Hence the saying, بَاتَتْ كِيزَانُهُمْ عَلَى البَرَّادَةِ Their mugs passed the night upon the برّادة. (A, TA.) بَارِدٌ (S, M, Msb, K) Cold; chill; cool; (S, Msb;) applied to water [&c.]; (M, K;) as also ↓ بَرْدٌ, [originally an inf. n., like عَدْلٌ, used as an epithet,] (M, K,) and ↓ بَرُودٌ, (S, M, K,) and ↓ بُرَادٌ; (M, K;) but the last two are intensive forms [signifying very cold or chill or cool]. (TA.) b2: (tropical:) Anything loved, beloved, liked, or approved. (TA.) [Hence,] عَيْشٌ بَاردٌ (tropical:) An easy and a pleasant life, or state of life. (ISk, * T, * M, A, L, K.) And لَيْلَةٌ بَارِدَةٌ العَيْشِ, and العَيْشِ ↓ بَرْدَةُ, [the latter written in the TT بَرَدَةُ العيش,] (tropical:) A night of easy and pleasant life. (M, L.) And غَنيمَةٌ بَارِدَةٌ: see the latter word. b3: سَمُومٌ بَارِدٌ (tropical:) A hot wind that is constant, continual, permanent, settled, or incessant. (S, L.) b4: لِى عَلَيْهِ أَلْفٌ بَارِدٌ (tropical:) A thousand [pieces of money &c.] are incumbent, or obligatory, on him, to me, and established against him; or are owed, or due, to me, by, or from, him. (S, M. *) b5: جَآءَ فُلَانٌ بَارِدًا مُخُّهُ, and بَارِدَ العِظَامَ, (tropical:) Such a one came in a lean, or an emaciated, state: in the contr. case, one says, حَارَّا مُخُّهُ, and حَارَّ العِظَامِ. (A, TA.) b6: [بَارِدٌ also signifies (assumed tropical:) Blunt; applied to a sword and the like: see 1. b7: And, contr., (assumed tropical:) Sharp: for you say,] مُرْهَفَاتٌ بَوَارِدُ [pl. of بَارِدَةٌ, meaning] (assumed tropical:) Sharp, or cutting, swords: (TA:) or slaying swords. (S.) بَارِدَةٌ (assumed tropical:) Spoil acquired without fatigue; (IAar, T;) also termed غَنِيمَةٌ بَارِدَةٌ; and to this is likened, by the Prophet, fasting in winter. (T.) Also (assumed tropical:) Gain made by merchandise at the time of one's buying it. (IAar, T.) أَبْرَدُ [More, and most, cold, or chill, or cool]. b2: [Hence,] الأَبْرَدَانِ and ↓ البَرْدَانِ The morning, between daybreak and sunrise, and the evening, between sunset and nightfall; (T, S, M, K;) also called العَصْرَانِ (S, K) and الصَّرْعَانِ and الرِّدْفَانِ: (T:) or (as in the S, but in the M and K “and”) the morning-shade and evening-shade: (S, M, K:) so called because of their coldness, or coolness. (TA.) b3: See also بَرِدٌ. b4: ثَوْرٌ أَبْرَدُ A bull upon which are spots, or patches, of white and black: (S, M:) of the dial. of El-Yemen. (M.) b5: and الأَبْرَدُ The leopard: fem. with ة: (T, K: [but in the TT, the fem. is written like the masc.:]) pl. الأَبَارِدُ. (T, K.) The female is also called الخَيْثَمَةُ. (T.) إِبْرَدَةُ, (S, M, &c.,) with kesr (S, Mgh, K) to the ء and the ر (Mgh, TA,) [in the CK اِبْرَدَة,] Cold in the belly, or inside; (M, K;) a well-known malady, arising from the prevalence of cold and humidity, and preventing one, by languor, from performing the act of coition: (S, Mgh:) and a dripping of the urine, which prevents a man's taking pleasure in women. (T, L.) b2: Also Coldness of the damp earth, and of rain. (M, L.) An Arab says, إِنَّهَا لَبَارِدَةٌ اليَوْمَ [Verily it (the morning, الغَدَاةُ, L) is cold to-day]; and another says to him, لَيْسَتْ بِبَارِدَةٍ إِنَّمَا هِىَ إِبْرِدَةُ الثَّرَى [It is not cold: it is only the coldness of the damp earth]. (S, L.) مُبْرَدٌ [pass. part. n. of 4]. You say, أَرْضٌ مُبْرَدَةٌ: see مَبْرُودٌ.

مُبْرِدٌ [act. part. n. of 4]. You say, جِئْنَاكَ مُبْرِدِينَ We came to thee when the heat had become allayed. (T.) A2: Also One sending, or who sends, a بَرِيد [or بُرُد, i. e., a messenger on a post-mule or posthorse, or messengers on post-mules or post-horses]. (S.) مِبْرَدٌ (S, K, &c.) A file; (M;) syn. سُوهَانٌ; (M, K;) which is a Persian word: (M:) pl. مَبَارِدُ. (Msb.) b2: [Hence,] جَعَلَ لِسَانِهِ عَلَيْهِ مُبْرِدًا (tropical:) [He made his tongue like a file upon him; i. e.] he annoyed him, or hurt him, with his tongue, and vituperated him. (A.) [See a saying of Moosà Ibn-Jábir voce جِنٌّ.]

مَبْرَدَةٌ [A cause of coldness or coolness]. You say, هٰذَا الشَّىْءُ مَبْرَدَةٌ لِلْبَدَنِ [This thing is a cause of coldness, or coolness, to the body]: and As relates that he said to an Arab of the desert, “What induceth thee to take a sleep in the morning while the sun is yet low?” and he answered, إِنَّهَا مَبْرَدَةٌ فِى الصَّيْفِ مَسْخَنَةٌ فِى الشِّتَآءِ [Verily it is a cause of coolness in the summer, and a cause of warmth in the winter]. (S, A.) مُبَرَّدٌ: see what follows.

مَبْرُودٌ Made, or rendered, cold or chill or cool: (S, Msb, K:) [and ↓ مُبَرَّدٌ signifies the same in an intensive manner:] applied to water [&c.: or signifying mixed with snow: see بَرَدَهُ]. (K.) b2: شَجَرَةٌ مَبْرُودَةٌ A tree deprived of its leaves by the cold. (AHn, M.) b3: أَرْضٌ مَبْرُودَةٌ (M, A, K) and ↓ مُبْرَدَةٌ (K) Land, or ground, hailed upon: (M, K:) or snowed upon. (A, TA.) b4: See also بَرُودٌ.

بعد

1 بَعُدَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. بُعْدٌ; (S, L, Msb, K;) and بَعِدَ, aor. ـَ inf. n. بَعَدٌ; (L, K;) and ↓ ابعد, inf. n. إِبْعَادٌ, which is also trans.; (Msb;) and ↓ تباعد; (S, Msb, K;) and ↓ استبعد; (S, K, &c.;) He, or it, was, or became, distant, remote, far off, or aloof: he went, or removed, or retired, or withdrew himself, to a distance, or far away, or far off: he alienated, or estranged, himself: he stood, or kept, aloof: contr. of قَرُبَ: (S, L:) [but بَعُدَ generally has the first of these significations; and ↓ ابعد, the others, as also ↓ تباعد and ↓ استبعد:] it is the general opinion of the leading lexicologists that بَعِدَ, as well as بَعُدَ, is thus used; but some deny this; and some assert that they may be employed alike, but that بَعُدَ is more chaste than بَعِدَ thus used. (TA.) [You say also, of a desert, and a tract of country, and the like, بَعُدَ, meaning It extended far.] and زَيْدٌ عَنِ المَنْزِلِ ↓ ابعد, meaning ↓ تباعد [i. e. Zeyd went, or removed, to a distance, or far, from the place of alighting or abode]. (IKt, Msb.) and مِنِّى ↓ تباعد, and ↓ ابتعد, and ↓ تبعّد, [He went, or removed, to a distance, or far, from me; he alienated, or estranged, himself from me; he shunned, or avoided, me;] (A;) and عَنِّى ↓ تباعد [and بَعُدَ عنّى signify the same]. (Msb in art. كشح.) And ↓ إِذَا أَرَاذَ أَحَدُكُمْ الحَاجَةِ أَبْعَدَ, (L, Msb,) a trad., (Msb,) meaning When one of you desires to accomplish that which is needful, (i. e. to ease nature,) he goes far, or to a great distance. (L.) And فِى المَذْهَبِ ↓ أَبْعَدْتُ, meaning ↓ تَبَاعَدْتُ, (Msb,) I went far, or to a great distance, to the place of ease, i. e., to ease nature. (L.) b2: [بَعُدَ referring to a saying or the like, and an event, means It was far from being probable or correct; it was improbable, extraordinary, or strange: (see بَعِيدٌ, and see also 10:) often occurring in these senses.] And فِى نَوْعِهِ ↓ ابعد It reached the utmost point, or degree, in its kind, or species. (IAth.) And ابعد فِى السَّوْمِ He exceeded the due bounds in offering a thing for sale and demanding a price for it, or in bargaining for a thing. (A.) b3: أَخَذَهُ مَا قَرُبَ وَ مَا بَعُدَ Recent and old griefs took hold upon him: a saying similar to أَخَذَهُ مَا قَدُمَ وَ مَا حَدُثَ. (Mgh in art. قدم.) b4: [بَعُدَ is often used, agreeably with a general rule, in the manner of a verb of praise or dispraise; and in this case is commonly contracted into بُعْدَ, like حُسْنَ; as in the phrase, in a verse of Imrael-Keys, بُعْدَ مَا مُتَأَمَّلى (in which ما is redundant) Distant, or far distant, was the object of my contemplation! or (as explained in the EM p. 52) how distant, &c.!] b5: بَعِدَ, aor. ـَ inf. n. بَعَدٌ; (S, L, Msb, K;) and بَعْدَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. بُعْدٌ; (L, K;) also signify He, or it, perished: (S L, Msb:) he died: (K:) it is the general opinion of the leading lexicologists that both these verbs are used as signifying “he perished,” and both occur in different readings of v. 98 of ch. xi. of the Kur: the former is said to be used in this sense by some of the Arabs; and the latter, by others; but some disallow the latter in this sense; and some say that the former is more chaste than the latter thus used: (TA:) or both signify he became far distant from his home or native country; became a stranger, or estranged, therefrom: (L, TA:) or the Arabs say, بَعِدَ الرَّجُلُ and بَعُدَ in the sense of تباعد, when not reviling; but when reviling, they say, بَعِدَ, only. (Yoo, TA.) You say, لَا تَبْعَدٌ وَ إِنْ بَعُدْتَ عَنَّى [Mayest thou not perish though thou be distant from me!] (A.) [And as an imprecation against a man, you say, بَعِدْتَ, meaning Mayest thou perish! (See the printed edition of the Ham, pp. 89 and 90, where بَعِدْتَاىَ هلكت is an evident mistake for َعِدْتَ أَى هَلَكْتَ.)] and بُعْدًا لَهُ May God alienate him, or estrange him, from good, or prosperity! or, curse him! (A, * K, TA;) i. e. may he not be pitied with respect to that which has befallen him! like سُحْقًا لَهُ: the most approved way being to put بعد thus in the accus. case as an inf. n.; where it tribe of Temeem say, لَهُ ↓ بُعْدٌ, and سُحْقٌ, like غُلَامٌ لَهُ. (TA.) A2: بَعُدَ is made trans. by means of [the preposition] ب: see 4. (Msb.) 2 بَعَّدَ see 4, in four places. b2: [You say also, بعّدهُ عَنِ السُّوْءِ He declared him, or pronounced him, to be far removed from evil.]3 باعدهُ He was, or became, [distant, remote, far off, or aloof, from him; or] in a part, quarter, or tract, different from that in which he (the other) was. (TA in art. جنب.) b2: See also 4, in seven places.4 ابعد, inf. n. إِبْعَادٌ: see 1, in seven places.

A2: ابعدهُ; (S, Msb, K;) and ↓ باعدهُ, (S, K,) inf. n. مُبَاعَدَةٌ and بِعَادٌ; (K;) and ↓ بعّدهُ, (S, K,) inf. n. تَبْعِيدٌ; (S;) and بِهِ ↓ بَعُدَ; (Msb;) He made, or caused, him, or it, to be, or become, distant, remote, far off, or aloof; or to go, remove, retire, or withdraw himself, to a distance, far away, or far off; he placed, or put, at a distance, or he put, or sent, away, or far away, or far off, or he removed far away, alienated, or estranged, him, or it. (S, Msb.) You say, نَفْسَكَ عَنْ زَيْدٍ ↓ بَاعِدْ [Remove thyself far from; or avoid thou, Zeyd]: and زَيْدًا عَنْكَ ↓ بَاعِدْ [Remove thou Zeyd far from thee]. (TA, voce إِيَّا.) And بَيْنَهُمَا ↓ بَعَّدْتُ, inf. n. تَبْعِيدٌ, [I made a wide separation between them two]; as also ↓ بَاعَدْتُ, inf. n. مُبَاعَدَةٌ. (Msb.) And اللّٰهُ ↓ بَاعَدَ مَا بَيْنَهُمَا [May God make the space between them two far extending! may He make a wide separation between them two!]; as also ↓ بَعَّدَ. (TA.) And بَيْنَ أَسْفَارِنَا ↓ رَبَّنَا بَاعِدْ, or ↓ بَعِّدْ, [O our Lord, make to be far-extending the spaces between our journeys! or, put wide distances between our journeys!] accord. to different readings [in the Kur xxxiv. 18]: the former of these is the common reading: Yaakoob El-Hadramee read ↓ رَبُّنَا بَاعَدَ الخ [Our Lord, He hath made to be far extending &c.]. (TA.) b2: أَبْعَدَهُ اللّٰهُ means May God alienate him, or estrange him, from good, or prosperity! or, curse him! (K;) i. e., may he not be pitied with respect to that which has befallen him! (TA.) [You say also, أَبْعَدَ اللّٰهُ الأَخِرَ: see أَخِرٌ.] b3: See also 10.

A3: مَا أَبْعَدَهُ مِنَ الصَّوَابِ [How far is it (namely the saying) from what is right, or correct!]. (A.) 5 تَبَعَّدَ see 1.6 تباعد: see 1, in six places. b2: [It also signifies He became alienated, or estranged, from his family or friends. b3: And تباعدوا They became distant, or remote, one from another; they went, removed, retired, or withdrew themselves, to a distance, far away, or far off, one from another; they removed themselves far, or kept aloof, one from another.] You say, كَانُوا مُتَقَارِبِينَ فَتَبَاعَدُوا [They were near, one to another, and they became distant, or remote, one from another]. (A.) 8 إِبْتَعَدَ see 1.10 استبعدهُ He reckoned it, or esteemed it, (namely, a thing, K, or a saying, A,) بَعِيد [i. e. distant, or remote; or if a saying or the like, far from being probable or correct, improbable, extraordinary, or strange]; (S, A, K;) as also ↓ ابعدهُ. (A.) A2: See also 1, first sentence, in two places.

بَعْدُ an adv. n. of time, signifying After, or afterwards: and allowable also, accord. to some of the grammarians, as an adv. n. of place, signifying after, or behind: (TA:) contr. of قَبْلُ: (S, A, K:) it is a vague adv. n., of which the meaning is not understood without its being prefixed to another noun [expressed or implied]; denoting after-time. (Msb.) When it occurs without any complement, (S, K,) a noun or the like which should be its complement being intended to be understood as to the meaning thereof but not as to the letter, (S, * TA,) it is indecl., (S, K,) because it resembles a particle, (TA,) and has damm for its termination to show that it is indecl., since it cannot have damm by any rule of desinential syntax because it cannot occur as an agent nor as an inchoative or enunciative. (S.) Sb, however, mentions [as exceptions to this rule] the phrases مِنْ بَعْدٍ [Afterwards] and أَفْعَلُ هٰذَا بَعْدًا [I will do this afterwards], as having been used by the Arabs. (K, * TA.) [The latter of these phrases is common in the present day. Another exception to the rule above-mentioned will be found in what follows.] Accord. to the primary rule, it is used as a prefixed n. governing its complement in the gen. case; (S;) [i. e., it is used in the manner of a preposition;] and when thus used, it is decl., (K,) because it does not in this case [always] resemble a particle. (TA.) You say, جَآءَ زَيْدٌ بَعْدَ عَمْرٍو Zeyd came after 'Amr. (Msb.) And رَأَيْتُهُ بَعْدَكَ and مِنْ بَعْدِكَ [I saw him after thee]. (L.) The words of the Kur [xxx. 3], اللّٰهِ الْأَمْرُ مِنْ قَبْلُ وَ مِنْ بَعْدُ, meaning To God belonged the command before that the Greeks were overcome and after that they had been overcome, [thus read when the complements of قبل and بعد are intended to be understood as to the meaning thereof but not as to the letter,] are also read مِنْ قَبْلِ وَ مِنْ بَعْدِ, when each complement is intended to be understood as to the meaning and the letter, and also مِنْ قَبْلٍ وَ مِنْ بَعْدٍ, meaning To God belongeth the command first and last, [when neither complement is intended to be understood either as to the letter or as to the meaning,] but the first of these readings is the best. (L.) [You say also, بَعْدَ ذٰلِكَ and مِنْ بَعْدِ ذٰلِكَ After that: and بَعْدَ أَنْ فَعَلْتُ and مِنْ بَعْدِ أَنْ فَعَلْتُ and بَعْدَ مَا فَعَلْتُ and مِنْ بَعْدِ مَا فَعَلْتُ After I did, or after my doing, such a thing: &c.] Also جِئْتُ بَعْدَيْكُمَا, meaning بَعْدَ كُمَا, I came after you two. (K.) And هٰذَا مِمَّا لَيْسَ بَعْدَهُ غَايَةٌ فِى الجَوْدَةِ, and فِى الرَّدَآءَة, This is of the things after, or beyond, which there is not any extreme degree in respect of goodness, and in respect of badness: and, by way of abridgement, لَيْسَ بَعْدَهُ [with nothing following this]: and hence, app., the saying of Mohammad, وَإِنْ كَانَ لَيْسَ بِالَّذِى لَا بَعْدَ لَهُ, meaning [And though] it be not in the utmost degree in respect of goodness: بعد being thus used as a decl. noun. (Mgh.) بَعْدِى and the like are also frequently used as meaning بَعْدَ عَهْدِى and the like; as in the phrase, قَدْ تَغَيَّرْتَ بَعْدى Thou hast become altered since I knew thee, or saw thee, or met thee, or was with thee. And similar to this are many phrases in the Kur; as, for instance, in ii. 48,] ثُمَّ اتَّخَذْتُمُ العِجْلَ مِنْ بَعْدِهِ Then ye took to yourselves the calf as a god, or an object of worship, after him, namely Moses, i. e., after his having gone away. (Bd.) أَمَّا بَعْدُ (S, K, &c.) is [an expression denoting transition;] an expression by which an address or a discourse is divided; (S;) used without any complement to بعد, which in this case signifies the contr. of قَبْلُ: (TA:) you say, أَمَّا بَعْدُ فَقَدْ كَانَ كَذَا, meaning [Now, after these preliminary words, (Abu-l- 'Abbás in TA voce خِطَابٌ,) I proceed to say, that such a thing has happened: or] after my prayer for thee: (K:) or after praising God: (TA:) the first who used this formula was David; (K;) or Jacob; (TA;) or Kaab Ibn-Lu-eí; (K;) or Kuss Ibn-Sá'ideh; or Yaarub Ibn-Kahtán. (TA.) b2: You also use the dim. form, saying ↓ بُعَيْدَهُ [A little after him, or it], when you mean by it to denote a time near to the preceding time. (Msb.) You say also, بَيْنٍ ↓ رَأَيْتُهُ بُعَيْدَاتِ, (S, K,) and ↓ بَعِيدَاتِهِ, (K, TA, [in the CK بُعَيْدَاتِه,]) I saw him a little after a separation: (S, K:) or, after intervals of separation: (S, L:) or, after a while. (A'Obeyd, A.) And إِنَّهَا لَتَضْحَكُ بَيْنٍ ↓ بُعَيْذَاتِ Verily she laughs after intervals. (L.) [See also art. بين.] ↓ بُعَيْدَات is used only as an adv. n. of time. (S, L.) b3: بَعْدُ also sometimes means Now; yet; as yet. (TA.) [It is used in this sense mostly in negative phrases; as, for instance, in لَمْ يَمُتْ بَعْدُ He has not died yet. The following is one of the instances of its having this meaning in affirmative phrases: سُمِّيَ الحَوْلِىُّ مِنْ أَوْلَادِ البَقَرِ تَبِيعًا لِأَنَّهُ يَنْبَعُ أُمَّهُ بَعْدُ The yearling of the offspring of cows is called تبيع because he yet follows his mother: occurring in the Mgh &c., in art. تبع.] b4: It occurs also in the sense of مَعَ; as in the words of the Kur [ii. 174 and v. 95], فَمَنِ اعْتَدَى بَعْدَ ذٰلِكَ, i. e., (as some say, MF,) مَعَ ذلك [And whoso transgresseth notwithstanding that; lit., with that]. (Msb.) b5: It has been said that it also means Before, in time; thus bearing two contr. significations: that it has this meaning in two instances; in the Kur [lxxix. 30], where it is said, وَ الْأَرْضَ بَعْدَ ذٰلِكَ دَحَاهَا [as though signifying And the earth, before that, He spread it forth]; and [xxi. 105] where it is said, وَلَقَدْ كَتَبْنَا فِى الزَّبُورِ مِنْ بَعْدِ الذِّكْرِ [as though meaning And verily we wrote in the Psalms before the Kur-án]: (MF, TA:) but Az says that this is a mistake; that God created the earth not spread forth; then created the heaven; and then spread forth the earth: (L, TA:) and الذكر in the latter of these instances means the Book of the Law revealed to Moses: (Bd:) or الزبور means the revealed Scriptures; (Bd, Jel;) and الذكر, the Preserved Tablet, (Bd,) [i. e.] the Original of the Scriptures, which is with God. (Jel.) بُعْدٌ [as an inf. n. used in the manner of a subst. signifies] Distance, or remoteness; (S, A, L, K; *) and so ↓ بَعَدٌ, (L, K,) accord. to most of the leading lexicologists, (TA, [see بَعْدَ,]) [and ↓ بُعْدَةٌ, for] you say, بَيْنَنَا بُعْدَةٌ, meaning [Between us two is a distance] of land or country, or of relationship. (S, K.) b2: [Remoteness from probability or correctness; improbability, or strangeness: see بَعُدَ. Hence the phrase, هٰذَا مِنَ البُعْدِ بِمَكَانٍ This is improbable, or extraordinary, or strange: often occurring in the TA &c.] b3: Also i. q. ↓ بُعْدٌ: (L, K:) this latter (S, L, Msb, K) and بُعْدٌ, (L, K,) accord. to most of the leading lexicologists, as, for instance, in the Kur xi. 98, (TA, [see بَعِدَ,]) signifying Perdition; (S, L, Msb;) or death. (K.) b4: Judgment and prudence; as also ↓ بُعْدَةٌ: so in the phrase, إِنَّهُ لَذُو بُعْدٍ, and بُعْدَةٍ, Verily he is possessed of judgment and prudence: (K:) or penetrating, or effective, judgment; depth, or profundity; far-reaching judgment. (TA.) [See also أَبْعَدُ.] ↓ ذُو البُعْدَةِ also signifies A man who goes to a great length, or far, in hostility. (L.) b5: A cursing; execration; malediction; as also ↓ بِعَادٌ. (K.) Yousay, بُعْدٌ لَهُ, as well as بُعْدًا لَهُ: see 1, last sentence but one. (TA.) بَعَدٌ: see بُعْدٌ, in two places: A2: and بَعِيدٌ, in five places.

بُعْدٌ: see أَبْعَدُ, in two places.

بُعْدَةٌ: see بُعْدٌ, in three places.

بُعَادٌ: see بَعِيدٌ: b2: and see also بَاعِدٌ.

بِعَادٌ: see بُعْدٌ.

بَعِيدٌ Distant; remote; far; far off; (S, L, K; *) as also ↓ بُعَادٌ, and ↓ بَاعِدٌ: (L, K:) pl. (of the first, S, L) بُعْدَانٌ (S, L, K) and (of the first also, L, TA) بُعُدٌ (L, K) and بِعَادٌ (TA) and (of the first and second, L) بُعَدَآءُ (L, K) and of the third, ↓ بَعَدٌ, [but this (which is also used as a sing. epithet, as will be shown in what follows,) is properly a quasi-pl. n.,] like as خَدَمٌ is of خَادِمٌ. (S.) As signifying Distant with respect to place, it is correctly used alike as masc. and fem. and sing. and dual and pl.; (L, and TA in this art. and in art. قرب, in which latter see the authorities;) but not necessarily; like its contr. قَرِيبٌ: (L:) you say, هِىَ بَعِيدٌ مِنْكَ [She is distant from thee; or it is] as though you said, مَكَانُهَا بَعِيدٌ: (L:) also مَا أَنْتَ مِنَّا بِبَعِيدٍ [Thou art not distant from us ], and مَا أَنْتُمْ مِنَّا بِبَعِيدٍ [Ye are not distant from us]: and in like manner, مَا أَنْتَ

↓ مِنَّا بِبَعَدٍ, and ↓ مَا أَنْتُمُ مِنَّا بِبَعَدٍ. (S, TA.) [But it receives, sometimes, the fem. form when used in this sense; for] جَلَسْتُ بَعِيدًا مِنْكَ and بَعِيدَةٌ مِنْكَ are phrases mentioned as signifying I sat distant, or remote in place, or at a distance, or aloof, from thee; مَكَانًا [and نَاحِيَةً or the like] being understood. (L.) You say also, ↓ مَنْزِلٌ بَعَدٌ A distant, or remote, place of alighting or abode. (K.) And تَنَحَّ غَيْرَ بَعِيدٍ (S, K) and ↓ غَيْرَ بَاعِدٍ and ↓ غَيْرَ بَعَدٍ (K) [Retire thou not far;] meaning be thou near: (S, K:) [or] the second and third of these phrases mean retire thou not in an abject, or a mean, or contemptible, or despicable, state. (S, A.) And ↓ اِنْطَلِقْ يَا فُلَانُ غَيْرَ بَاعِدٍ

[Depart thou, O such a one, not far;] meaning mayest thou not go away! (L.) [And رَأَيْتُهُ مِنْ بَعِيدٍ I saw him, or it, from afar: and جَآءَ مِنْ بَعِيدٍ He came from afar: and the like. and بَعِيدٌ as applied to a desert and the like, meaning Far extending.] And ↓ بُعْدٌ بَاعِدٌ A far distance. (K.) [And نِيَّةٌ بَعِيدَةٌ A distant, far-reaching, or far-aiming, intention, purpose, or design.] and فُلَانٌ بَعِيدُ الهِمَّةِ [Such a one is far-aiming, or faraspiring, in purpose, desire, or ambition]. (A.) And هِىَ بَعِيدَةُ العَهْدِ [She was known, or seen, or met, a long time ago]: in this case, the fem. form, with ة, must be used. (L.) And قَوْلٌ بَعِيدٌ [A saying far from being probable or correct; improbable; far-fetched; extraordinary, or strange]. (A.) And أَمْرٌ بَعِيدٌ An extraordinary thing or affair or case, of which the like does not happen or occur. (L.) b2: Also Distant with respect to kindred or relationship: in which sense, the word receives the fem. form, [as well as the dual form, and pl. forms, like its contr. قَرِيبٌ,] by universal consent. (TA.) [Its pl.] بُعَدَآءُ signifies Strangers, that are not relations. (IAth.) You say also, فُلَانٌ مِنْ بُعْدَانِ الأَمِيرِ [meaning Such a one is of the distant dependents, or subjects, of the governor, or prince]. (S.) And إِذَا لَمْ تَكُنْ مِنْ قُرْبَانِ الأَمِيرِ فَكُنْ مِنْ بُعْدَانِهِ [If thou be not of the particular companions, or familiars, of the governor, or prince, then be of his distant dependents, or subjects]; i. e., be distant from him, that his evil may not affect thee. (Az, A.) b3: رَأَيْتُهُ بَعِيدَاتِ بَيْنٍ: see بَعْدٌ in the latter half of the paragraph. b4: See also بَاعِدٌ.

بُعَيْد and بُعَيْدَات: see بَعْدُ in four places.

بَاعِدُ: see بَعِيدٌ in four places. b2: Also Perishing: (S, L: [in the K it is implied that it signifies dying; and so ↓ بَعِيدٌ and ↓ بُعَادٌ:]) or far distant from his home, or native country; in a state of estrangement therefrom. (L.) أَبْعَدُ More, and most, distant or remote; further, and furthest: by poetic licence written أَبْعَدُّ: (L:) [pl. أَبَاعِدُ; as in the saying,] فُلَانٌ يَسْتَجِرُّ الحَدِيثَ مِنْ أَبَاعِدِ أَطْرَافِهِ [Such a one draws forth talk, or discourse, or news, or the like, from its most remote sources]. (A.) b2: More, and most, extreme, excessive, egregious, or extraordinary, in its kind. (IAth.) [Hence, perhaps,] إِنَّهُ لَغَيْرُ

أَبْعَدَ [in the CK أَبْعَدٍ] and ↓ بُعَدٍ Verily there is no good in him: (K:) or, no depth in him in anything: (IAar:) [or, he is not extraordinary in his kind: see also بُعْدٌ:] said in dispraising one. (TA.) And مَا عِنْدَهُ أَبْعَدُ and ↓ بُعَدٌ [He has not what is extraordinary in its kind: or] he possesses not excellence, or power, or riches: or he possesses not anything profitable: (L, K:) said only in dispraising one: (Az:) or it may mean he possesses not anything which one would go far to seek; or, anything of value: or what he possesses, of things or qualities that are desirable, is more extraordinary than what others possess. (MF.) b3: Remote from good: [which is the meaning generally intended in the present day when it is used absolutely as an epithet applied to a man; but meaning also remote from him or those in whose presence this epithet is used, both as to place and as to moral condition:] and, from continence: (L:) and stupid; foolish; or having little, or no, intellect or understanding; syn. حَائِنٌ: (so in a copy of the S and in the L and TA:) or treacherous, or unfaithful; syn. خَائِنٌ (So in two copies of the S and in a copy of the A.) It is used as an allusion to the name of a person whom one would mention with dispraise; as when one says, هَلَكَ الأَبْعَدُ [May such a one, the remote from good, &c., perish!]: with respect to a woman, one says, هَلَكَتِ البُعْدَى. (En-Nadr, Az.) One says also, كَبَّ اللّٰهُ الأَبْعَدَ لِفِيهِ, meaning [May God cast down prostrate such a one, the remote from good, &c., upon his mouth! or,] cast him down upon his face! (S.) [It is a rule observed in decent society, by the Arabs, to avoid, as much as possible, the mention of opprobrious epithets, lest any person present should imagine an epithet of this kind to be slily applied to himself: therefore, when any malediction or vituperation is uttered, it is usual to allude to the object by the term الأَبْعَد, or البَعِيد, as meaning the remote from good, &c., and also the remote from the person or persons present. See also الأَخِرُ, which is used in a similar manner.] b4: A more distant, or most distant, or very distant, relation; (Lth;) contr. of أَقْرَبُ: (Msb:) pl. أَبَاعِدُ (Lth, S, A, Msb, K) and أَبْعَدُونَ; (Lth;) contr. of أَقَارِبُ (Lth, S, K) and أَقْرَبُونَ. (Lth.) مِبْعَدٌ A man who makes far journeys. (K.)