قبل

1 قَبَلَ as syn. with ↓ أَقْبَلَ, q. v.: see أَدْبَرَ, in two places. b2: قَبَحَ اللّٰهُ مَا قَبَلَ مِنْهُ وَمَا دَبَرَ: see دَبَر. b3: قَبِلَ He took, received, or admitted, willingly, or with approbation; he accepted. See قَبُولٌ. b4: قَبِلَتِ النَّعْلُ The sandal had its قِبَال broken. (TA in art. شسع.) 3 قَابَلَهُ He faced, or fronted, or was opposite to or over against, him, or it. (S, * K.) See also ↓ اِسْتَقْبَلَهُ He, or it, corresponded to him, or it. b2: قَابَلَهُ بِنَفْسِهِ [He opposed himself to him]. (TA, art. عرض.) See عَرَضَ لَهُ; and see 4. b3: قَابَلَ كَذَا بِكَذَا He requited such a thing with such a thing; or did, or gave, such a thing in return for such a thing; as good for good, evil for evil, good for evil, or evil for good. (The Lexicons passim.) b4: He counteracted such a thing with such a thing. b5: He compared such a thing &c. b6: قُوبِلَ بِكَذَا It was compensated, or requited, by, or with, such a thing: see an ex. of the part. n. voce غُنْمٌ. b7: قَابَلَ الشَّاة: see دَابَرَ الشاة. b8: فَرَسٌ قُوبِلَ مِنْ آفِقٍ وَآفِقَةٍ A horse that is generous with respect to both parents. (S in art. افق.) 4 أَقْبَلْتُهُ الشَّىْءَ I made it to face the thing: (S, K:) and الشَّىْءَ ↓ قَابَلْتُهُ app. signifies the same: see a verse of El-Aashà voce اِرْتِسَامٌ. b2: أَقْبَلَ بِهِ [He turned it forward; contr. of أَدْبَرَ بِهِ]. (S, K, art. دبر.) b3: أَقْبَلَ He came, facing; (JK, S, * K; *) came forward; came on; advanced; contr. of أَدْبَرَ. (S, K.) b4: أَقْبَلْتُ قِبَلَكَ [not قُبْلَكَ] I advanced, or came, toward thee. Like قَصَدْتُ قَصْدَكَ. (L, art. حرد.) See also Kur, ii. 172. b5: أَقْبَلَ عَلَيْهِ He advanced, or approached, towards him, or it. b6: أَقْبَلَ عَلَى إِنْسَانٍ, as though he desired no other person. (JK.) b7: اقْبَالٌ The advancing of fortune; contr. of إِــدْبَارٌ. b8: الإِقْبَالُ فِى الدُّنْيَا [Advance in the world, or in worldly circumstances]. (Mgh in art. جد.) إِقْبَالٌ signifies The being fortunate. (KL.) b9: إِقْبَالٌ i. q. دَوْلَةٌ [Good fortune; &c.; see تامِكُ]: and عِزَّةٌ [might; &c.]. (Kull, p. 64.) b10: أَقْبَلَ عَلَيْهِ He showed favour to him: or, more properly, he presented a favourable aspect to him; or, accord. to general usage, he met him kindly; see بَشَّ لَهُ. b11: أَقْبَلَتْ عَلَيْهِ الدُّنْيَا, (A, art. فتح,) The world favoured him. b12: أَقْبَلَ عَلَى شَىْءٍ He set about, or commenced, doing a thing. (K, &c.) b13: See تَصَدَّدَ. b14: أَقْبَلَ عَلَيْهِ He clave to it: and he took to, set about, began, or commenced it; as also عليه ↓ قَبَلَ. (K.) b15: [أَقْبَلَ عَلَيْهِ بِالسَّيْفِ, and بِالعَصَا, and بِالسَّوْطِ He advanced against him, or set upon him, with the sword, and with the staff or stick, and with the whip.] b16: You say, أَقْبَلَ عَلَيْه بِالسَّوْطِ يَضْرِبُهُ [He advanced against him, or set upon him, with the whip, striking him]. (S in art. حول.) b17: See قَبَلٌ. b18: يُقْبِلُ بِالدَّلْوِ إِلَى البِئْرِ and أَمْرُ فُلَانٍ الَى إِقْبَالٍ: see أَدْبَرَ. b19: أَقْبَل عَلَيْهِ بِالتَّعْنِيفِ: see Har, p. 165 b20: أَقْبِلْ عَلَى نَفْسِكَ [Betake, or apply, thyself to thine own affairs]. (T, voce إِلَى.) b21: دَبَرَتْ لَهُ الرِّيحُ بَعْدَ مَا أَقْبَلَتْ: see دبر. b22: أَقْبَلَ [He recovered, or regained, health;] occurring in the K, as the explanation of ثَابَ جِسْمُهُ. (K, art. ثوب.) أَقْبَلَ بَعْدَ هُزَالٍ. (K, voce حَشَمَ.) b23: أَقْبَلَ, with reference to the slit ear of a she-camel: see أَدْبَرَ. b24: أَقْبِلْنَا بِذِمَّةٍ, app. a mistranscription for أَقْلِبْنَا: see ذِمَّةٌ.6 تَقَابَلُوا They faced, or confronted, one another: see S in art. فقح.8 اِقْتَبَلَهُ He began it, or commenced it; namely, an affair; (S, * Mgh, K; *) as also ↓ إِسْتَقْبَلَهُ. (Mgh.) 10 اِسْتَقْبَلَهُ

: see اِسْتَدْبَرَهُ. He faced him, or it. (TA) He turned his face towards him, or it. b2: He came before his face. b3: He went to meet him; he met him, or encountered him. He saw it before him: he looked forward to it: he saw it, or knew it, beforehand. He saw, or knew, at the beginning of it what he did not see, or know, at the end thereof. b4: استقبلهُ بِأَمْرٍ (T, S, K, &c., in art. بده) He met him, or encountered him, with a thing. or an affair, or an action. (TK in art. بده.) b5: استقبلهُ بِمَا يَكْرَهُ (A, K, in art. بكت, &c.) He encountered him with, or, as it often means, he accused him, to his face, of a thing that he disliked, or hated: see بَكَّتَهُ; and the phrases اَلبْهتُ اسْتِقْبَالُكَ أَخَاكَ بِمَا لَيْسَ فِيهِ and بِالكَذبِ ↓ قَابَلَهُ, voce بَهَتَهُ; and استقبلهُ بِالحَقِّ, voce قَرَحَهُ; in both senses like لَقِيَهُ بِمَكْرُوهٍ. b6: اِسْتَقْبَلْتُهُ بِكَلَامٍ فِيهِ غِلْظَةٌ [I encountered him, or confronted him, with speech in which was roughness]. (JK, M, TA, art. جبه.) b7: اِسْتَقْبَلَهُ He anticipated it; namely, Ramadán, by fasting before its commencement. (TA.) b8: See 8.

قَبْلُ Before; contr. of بَعْدُ; (S, K, &c.;) an adv. n. of time; and, as some say, of place also; (MF, TA;) and of rank, or station. (TA.) سَقَى إِبِلَهُ قَبَلًا [and بِالقَبَلِ] He poured the water into the trough while his camels were drinking, so that it came upon them: (T, TA:) or قَبَلٌ signifies a man's bringing his camels to water, and drawing the water over their mouths, not having prepared for them aught [thereof] before that: (As, TA:) and سَقَى عَلَى إِبِلِهِ قَبَلًا he poured the water over the mouths of his camels: (M, TA:) and أَقَبْلَ ↓ عَلَى إِبِلِهِ he drew the water over the heads of his camels while they drank, when they had drunk what was in the trough, (Lh, M, TA,) not having prepared it before that: and this is the most severe mode of watering. (Lh, TA.) ee an ex. voce جَبًا, art. جبو and جبى. b2: نَبَلٌ is opposed to دَبَرٌ: see the latter. b3: إِنَّ الحَقَّ بِقَبَلٍ Verily the truth is manifest; where one sees it. (TA, art. عجز.) b4: مِنْ ذِى قَبَلٍ: see مِنْ ذِى عَوْضٍ; and see قِبَلٌ; and أُنُفٌ. b5: إِذَا رَأَيْتَ الشِّعْرَى بِقَبَلٍ الخ: see M, art. دبر.

لَقِيتُهُ قِبَلًا I met him face to face. (JK.) b2: لَا أُكَلِّمُكَ اِلَى عَشْرٍ مِنْ ذِى قِبَلٍ

i. q. ↓ من ذى قَبَلٍ, i. e. [I will not speak to thee until ten nights] in what I [now] begin [of time]: or the latter, until ten [nights] which thou [now] beginnest: and the former, until ten [nights] of the days which thou [now] witnessest, (K, TA,) i. e. beginnest: (TA:) or the latter, of a time [now] begun; or, a future time. (Mgh, Msb.) And أَتَيْتُ قُلَانًا مَنُ ذِى قِبَلٍ

i. q.

آنِفًا. (Lth in T, art. انف.) b3: قِبَلَ Towards. (Bd. ii. 172.) قِبَلُ شَىْءُ What is next to a thing: you say, ذَهَبَ قِبَلَ السُّوقِ [he went to the part next to the market]. (TA.)
لِى قِبَلَهُ مَالٌ I have property in his hands; i. e. due, or owing, to me by him; syn. عِنْدَهُ [q. v.] (K, * TA.) And لَنَا قِبَلَكَ حَاجَةٌ: (S in art. روى &c.:) see رَوِيَّةٌ (and عِنْدَ also). b4: هٰذَا الأَمْرُ مِنْ قِبَلِهِ This thing, or affair, is from him; syn. مَنْ تِلْقَائِهِ and مَنْ لَدُنْهُ, meaning مِنْ عِنْدِهِ. (Lth, TA.) يَتَكَلَّمُ مِنْ قِبَلِ أَنْفِهِ [He speaks from (i. e. through) his nose]. (JK and K, voce أَدْغَمُ.) b5: اِنْشَقَّ من قِبَلِ نَفْسِهِ It (a garment) rent of itself. (L, art. صوخ, &c.) قُبُلٌ The front, or fore part. See Kur, xii. 26.

The former or first part: see دَفَئِيٌّ. b2: القُبُلُ The anterior pudendum (فَرْج) [vulva, and vagina,] of a man or woman; (Msb;) opposite of الدُّبُرُ. (S, K.) مَا لَهُ قِبْلَةٌ وَلَا دِبْرَةٌ

, &c.: see دبر.
قَبَلِىٌّ: see دَبَرِىٌّ.

قِبَالُ الشِّبْرِ and الشِّسْعِ: see شِبْرٌ. b2: فُلَانٌ مَا يَدْرِى قِبَالَ الأَمْرِ مَنْ دِبَارِــهِ; &c.: see دبر. b3: قبَالٌ of the sandal: see زِمَامٌ.

قَبُولٌ Favourable reception; acceptance; approbation: (KL PS:) love, and approbation, and inclination of the mind. (TA.) عَلَى فُلَانٍ قَبُولٌ [Approbation is bestowed upon such a one;] the mind accepts, or approves, such a one. (S.) b2: قَبُولٌ Goodliness, beauty, grace, comeliness, or pleasingness: and [beauty of] aspect or garb. (K.) [And Acceptableness.

عَلَيْهِ قَبُولٌ may be rendered Upon him, or it, is an appearance of goodliness, &c.]

قَبِيلٌ: see دَبِيرٌ. b2: قَبِيلٌ Kind, species, class, race.

مِنْ قً Of the kind, &c. See قَبِيلَةٌ.

جَآءَ قُبَيْلَ He came a little while ago; syn. آنِفًا. (M in art. انف.)
قُبَالَتَهُ Opposite to, in a position so as to face, him or it. (K, &c.) See حِيَالٌ in art. حول. b2: قُبَالَةٌ The direction, point, place, or tract, in front of a thing; the opposite direction &c.
قَبِيلَةٌ A body of men from one father and mother: and ↓ قَبِيلٌ, without ة, a body of men from several ancestors. (Az in TA, art. سبط.) b2: قَبِيلَةٌ: see شَعْبٌ. b3: A mass of stone or rock at the mouth of a well. (K and TA voce عُقَابٌ, q. v.) See قَابِلٌ.

عَامٌ قَابِلٌ , and ↓ مُقْبِلٌ, signify the same, [A nextcoming year]. (S.) القَابِلَةُ i. q.

اللَّيْلَةُ المُقْبِلَةُ [The next night]. (S, K.) See القُبَاقِبُ. b2: قَابِلٌ لِكَذَا Susceptible of such a thing. b3: قَابِلٌ An arrow that wins [in the game of المَيْسِر]; (TA, art دبر;) contr. of دَابِرٌ, q. v. (S and TA, art. دبر.) b4: قَبَائِل of the head: see شَأْنٌ. b5: and ↓ قَبِيلَة of a helmet: see طِرَاقٌ. b6: قَابِلَةٌ A wife. (TA in art. عزب.) قَابِلِيَّةٌ [The quality of admitting or receiving; susceptibility].

أَقْبَلُ لِلْمَوْعِظَةِ [More, or most, inclined to accept admonition]. (TA, art. رق.]

إِقْبَالَةٌ and its syn. إِقْبَالٌ: see 4; and see إِــدْبَارَــةٌ.
مُقْبِلٌ

: see قَابِلٌ. b2: [I. q. مُقْتَبَلٌ]. Ex. مَقْبِلَةٌ الرَّحْمِ (K, voce جَوَارِحُ,) and الشَّبَابِ. (TA, ibid.) See مَدْبِرٌ.

ثَغْرٌ بَارِدُ المُقَبَّلٌ [A mouth, or front teeth, cold, or cool, in the part that is kissed]. (A, art. خصر, &c.) المُقَابَلُ مِنَ المَنَازِلِ contr. of المُدَابَرُ, (M, art. دبر, q. v.) b2: مُقَابَلٌ Noble, by the father's and mother's side: (S, K, TA:) see an ex. voce طَابٌ; and see إِزْدَوَجَا. b3: مُقَابَلَةٌ applied to a ewe: see مُدَبَرَةٌ. b4: نَاقَةٌ مُقَابَلَةٌ مُدَابَرَةٌ: see دبر. b5: الجَبْرُ والمُقَابَلَةُ: see جبر. b6: فِى مُقَابَلَةِ كَذَا In comparison with such a thing: see an ex. in art. غين in the Msb.

مُسْتَقْبَلٌ , with fet-h to the ب, Looked forward to, anticipated, begun.

مَسْتَقِبْلُ المَجْدِ

: see مُسْتَدِبْر.

درب

1 دَرِبَ بِهِ, (T, * S, M, A, Msb, * K,) aor. ـَ (Msb, K,) inf. n. دَرَبٌ (T, M, Msb, K) and دُرْبَةٌ, (S, * M, A, K,) or the latter is a simple subst.; (Msb;) and ↓ تدرّب, (M, A, Msb, * K,) and دَرْدَبَ [which is generally regarded as a quadriliteralradical word (see art. دردب)]; (S, K;) He was, or became, accustomed, or habituated, to it; attached, addicted, given, or devoted, to it; (T, S, M, Msb, K;) and bold to do it, or undertake it: (Msb:) or he knew it, had knowledge of it, or was knowing in it. (A, TA.) And دَرِبَ عَلَى

الصَّيْدِ He (a hawk) was, or became, accustomed, or habituated, or trained, to the chase; and bold to practise it. (A.) 2 درّبهُ بِهِ (M, Msb, * K) and عَلَيْهِ and فِيهِ, (M, K,) inf. n. تَدْرِيبٌ, (K,) He accustomed, or habituated, him to it; made him to become attached, addicted, given, or devoted, to it. (M, Msb, * K.) And درّب, (M,) or درّب عَلَى الصَّيْدِ, (T, S, A, * K, *) inf. n. as above, (K,) He accustomed, or habituated, or trained, (T, S, M, A, K, *) a hawk, (T, S, A,) or an eagle, (K,) or a bird or beast of prey, (M,) to the chase; (T, S, M, A, K; *) and made it bold to practise it. (A.) And دَرَّبَتْهُ الشَّدَائِدُ Difficulties, or hardships, exercised him so as to render him strong to endure them, and habituated, or inured, to them. (Lh, T, S.) A2: And دَرَّبَ, (IAar, T,) inf. n. as above, (IAar, T, K,) He was, or became, patient in war in the time of flight. (IAar, T, K.) 4 ادرب القَوْمُ The people, or party, entered a land of the enemy pertaining to the territory of the رُوم [or people of the Greek Empire]. (S.) أَدْرَبْنَا occurs in a trad. as meaning We entered the دَرْب [q. v.]. (TA.) A2: ادرب He beat a drum; (IAar, T, TA;) as also دَرْدَبَ and دَبْدَبَ. (TA.) 5 تدرّب quasi-pass. of 2: (Msb:) see 1.

دَرْبٌ is not a word of Arabic origin: (Msb:) الدَّرْبٌ is [the Arabic name of the ancient Derbe, near the Cilician Gates, which were the chief mountain-pass, from the direction of the countries occupied by the Arabs, into the territory of the Greek Empire: these “ Gates ” are mentioned by El-Idreesee as fortified, and guarded by troops who watched the persons going and coming:] a well-known place in الرُّوم [or the territory of the Greek Empire], mentioned by Imra-el-Keys, [as El-Idreesee also says,] in the words, بَكَى صَاحِبِى لَمَّا رَأَى الدَّرْبَ حَوْلَهُ [My companion wept when he saw the درب around him; knowing himself to be in the power of the Greeks]. (MF, TA.) [Hence,] Any place of entrance, (Kh, T, M, A, Mgh [in my copy of which it is written دَرَب in all its senses], K,) or a narrow pass, (Mgh,) to [the territory of]

الرُّوم: (Kh, T, M, A, Mgh, K:) or such as is not open at both ends: such as is open at both ends being called ↓ دَرَبٌ: (K:) or a place of entrance between two mountains: (Msb:) or a narrow pass in mountains: and hence it has another meaning well known: (S:) [i. e.] the gate of a سِكَّة [here meaning street: misunderstood by Golius, who has consequently explained دَرْبٌ as having, for one of its meaning, “porta ingressusve palmeti ”]; used in this sense by the Arabs because it [i. e. the درب properly so called] is like a gate, or entrance, to that whereto it leads: (Msb:) or the gate of a wide سِكَّة: (T:) or a wide gate of a سِكَّة; and the largest gate; (M, K;) both of which explanations mean the same: (M:) and also a wide سِكَّة itself: so in the phrase, زُقَاقٌ أَوْ دَرْبٌ غَيْرُ نَافِذٍ [a narrow street or a wide street not being a thoroughfare]: (Mgh: [in my copy of which, دَرَبٌ is put for دَرْبٌ:]) [but in the present day, and as used by El-Makreezee and others, a by-street, whether wide or narrow, branching off from a great street, or passing through a حَارَة (or quarter), open, or having a gate, at each end:] pl. دُرُوبٌ (Kh, T, M, Mgh, TA) and دِرَابٌ. (Sb, K. [The former pl., the only one commonly known, is not mentioned in the K.]) b2: Also A place in which dates are put to dry. (M, K.) دَرَبٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

دَرِبٌ [part. n. of دَرِبَ]. You say, هُوَ دَرِبٌ بِهِ [He is accustomed, or habituated, to it; attached, addicted, given, or devoted, to it; and bold to do it, or undertake it: and] he knows it, has knowledge of it, or is knowing in it. (A, TA.) and some use ↓ دَارِبٌ as part. n. of دَرِبَ: (Msb:) it signifies Skilful in his handicraft: (IAar, T, Msb:) and with ة, intelligent: (IAar, T, K:) and skilful in her handicraft: (K:) and [hence] a female drummer. (IAar, T, K.) And عُقَابٌ

↓ دَارِبٌ (M) or عُقَابٌ دَارِبٌ عَلَى الصَّيْدِ (K) meansدَرِبَةٌ (K) or دَرِبَةٌ بِالصَّيْدِ (M) [An eagle accustomed, or habituated, or trained, to the chase; and bold to practise it].

دُرْبَةٌ Custom, or habit; (IAar, T, S, M, A, K;) or habituation; (T, Msb;) and boldness to engage in, or undertake, war, and any affair: (IAar, T, S, A, * Msb, * K:) and ↓ دُرَّابَةٌ, (M, TA,) with teshdeed, (TA,) on the authority of IAar, (M, TA,) but written in the K ↓ دُرَابَة, (TA,) signifies the same. (M, K, TA.) One says, مَا زِلْتُ

أَعْفُو عَنْ فُلَانٍ حَتَّى اتَّخَذَهَا دُرْبَةً [I ceased not to forgive such a one until he took it as a habit]. (T, * S.) دَرَبُوتٌ (Lh, M, K [in the CK دَرَبُوبٌ]) and ↓ دَرُوبٌ, (K,) the former like تَرَبُوتٌ, in which the [initial] ت is [said to be] a substitute for د, (Lh, M,) A he-camel, (M, K,) or such as is termed بَكْرٌ, (Lh, M,) and a she-camel, (Lh, M, K,) submissive, or tractable, (M, K,) or rendered submissive or tractable: and a she-camel that will follow a person if he takes hold of her lip or her eyelash. (Lh, M, K. [But I read بِهُدْبِ عَيْنِهَا, as in the explanation of تَرَبُوتٌ in the TA, instead of نَهَزْتَ عَيْنَهَا in the M and CK in this art., and نَهَزَتْ عَيْنُهَا in my MS. copy of the K. See also تَرَبُوتٌ.]) دَرُوبٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

دُرَابَةٌ and دُرَّابَةٌ: see دُرْبَةٌ.

دَارِبٌ: see دَرِبٌ, in two places.

مُدَرَّبٌ A man, (S, M,) or an old man, (T,) tried, or proved, in affairs, and whose qualities have become known; or tried, or proved, and strengthened by experience in affairs; experienced, or expert: or whose qualities have been tried, or proved: syn. مُجَرَّبٌ (T, S, M, A, * K) and مُنَجَّذٌ: (M, K:) and ↓ مُدَرِّبٌ is syn. with مُجَرّبٌ: (S:) or in every word of the measure مُفَعَّلٌ syn. with مُجَرَّبٌ, the medial radical letter may be pronounced with fet-h or with kesr, except مُدَرَّبٌ. (M, K.) b2: And hence, (M,) One afflicted with trials or troubles. (Lh, M, K.) b3: And A camel well trained, and accustomed to be ridden, and to go through the [narrow passes in mountains called] دُرُوبٌ: fem. with ة. (K.) b4: المُدَرَّبٌ The lion. (Sgh, K.) مُدَرِّبٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

حزم

1 حَزَمَهُ, (S, Msb, K,) aor. ـِ (K,) inf. n. حَزْمٌ, (S,) He bound it, or tied it; (S, K;) namely, a thing: (S:) or he made it a حُزْمَة [q. v.]. (Msb.) b2: حَزَمَ الدَّابَّةَ (S, Msb) or الفَرَسَ, (K,) aor. as above, (Msb,) and so the inf. n., (Mgh, Msb,) He bound the beast [or horse] with the حِزَام [or girth]; (T, * S, * Mgh, * Msb;) and with a rope; (T, TA;) or he bound the حِزَام of the [beast or] horse. (K.) b3: [And hence,] حَزَمَ رَأْيَهُ, [aor. and] inf. n. as above, (assumed tropical:) He made his judgment, opinion, or counsel, firm, or sound. (Msb.) It is said in a prov., قَدْ أَحْزِمُ لَوْ أَعْزِمُ [Certainly I make firm my determination if I determine upon doing a thing]; meaning I know الحَزْم [i. e. prudence, or discretion, and precaution], though I do not practise it. (IB, TA. [See also Freytag's Arab. Prov. ii. 262.]) A2: [Hence, also,] حَزُمَ, (S, K,) aor. ـُ (K,) inf. n. حَزَامَةٌ (S, K *) and حُزُومَةٌ, (K, * TK,) but this latter is not of established authority, (TA,) and حَزْمٌ, (CK, * TK, [or this is probably a simple subst. in relation to حَزُمَ,]) He possessed the quality of حَزْم [explained below, as meaning prudence, or discretion, &c.]. (S, K.) A3: حَزِمَ, aor. ـَ inf. n. حَزَمٌ, (S, K,) He was, or became, choked, (K,) or he had what resembled a choking, (S,) in his chest. (S, K.) 4 احزمهُ He made for him, or put to him, [namely, a horse, as is implied in the K,] a حِزَام [or girth]. (K.) 5 تحزّم and ↓ احتزم, (S, K,) [said of a horse, as is implied in the K, and of a man,] He became furnished with a حِزَام [i. e. girth, or girdle]: (K:) [or, said of a man, he became girt; or he girded himself;] or i. q. تَلَبَّبَ, meaning he bound his waist with a rope [or girdle]. (S.) It is said in a trad., ↓ نَهَى أَنْ يُصَلِّىَ الرَّجُلُ حَتَّى يَحْتَزِمَ [He forbade that the man should pray unless he were girt, or unless he girded himself]. (TA.) A2: تحزّم فِى أَمْرِهِ He acted with prudence, or discretion, and precaution, in his affair, or case. (TA.) 8 احتزم: see 5, in two places: b2: and see حَزْمٌ. b3: Also It was, or became, inwrapped. (Ham p. 614.) 12 اِحْزَوْزَمَ, (K,) from الحَزْمُ; like اِعْشَوْشَبَ, from العُشْبُ; (TA;) It (a place) was, or became, rough, or rugged: (K:) or elevated. (TA.) b2: It was, or became, collected together, and compacted, or compact. (K.) b3: He (a man) was, or became, big, or large, in the belly, without being full. (K, TA.) حَزْمٌ [Prudence, or discretion, and precaution;] sound management of one's affair or case, (S, K,) and taking the sure course therein, (T, S, K,) and precaution, that it may not become beyond the power of management: (TA:) said in a trad. to consist in evil opinion: and in another, in the asking counsel of people of judgment and obeying them: (TA:) or good judgment: (Mgh:) or strength, [or firmness of mind or of judgment, (see حَازِمٌ,)] and sound management: (Ham p. 33:) the first part thereof said by Aktham Ibn-Seyfee to be consultation: (Ham ibid:) from the same word as signifying the act of “ binding the حِزَام,” (Mgh,) or from this word as signifying the act of “ binding with the حزام,” and “ with the rope: ” (T, TA:) and ↓ حَزْمَةٌ signifies the same; as in the saying, إِنَّ الوَحَآءَ مِنْ طَعَامِ الحَزْمَهِ [Verily quickness is of the food of prudence, &c.], a prov., mentioned by Ibn-Kethweh, alluding to people's collecting themselves together and aiding one another, when they act with quickness, or sharpness, and vigour; and said in praise of him who thus acts. (TA.) You say, أَخَذَ بَالحَزْمِ (TA) and [sometimes] فِى الحَزْمِ (K in art. حوط) [He took the course prescribed by prudence, discretion, precaution, or good judgment; he used precaution: and, like أَخَذَ بِالثِّقَةِ, he took the sure course in his affair].

A2: Elevated ground; as also ↓ أَحْزَمُ and ↓ حَيْزُومٌ: (K:) or this last signifies rough, or rugged, ground: (Yz, IB, K:) and حَزْمٌ is [ground] more elevated than what is termed حَزْنٌ: (S:) or more rough, or rugged, than what is termed حزْنٌ: (Ham p. 45:) or elevated ground, or rugged and elevated ground, that is girt (↓ اِحْتَزَامَ) by a torrent: or rugged ground, having many stones, which are more rugged and rough and scabrous than those of the أَكَمَة, but the top of which is broad and long, extending to the length of two leagues, and three, and less than that, which the camels do not ascend except by a road that it has: accord. to Yaakoob, the م is a substitute for the ن of حَزْنٌ: pl. حُزُومٌ. (TA.) حَزَمٌ [in a horse (see أَحْزَمُ)] Largeness, or fulness, of the sides, or of the sides and belly and flank; contr. of هَضَمٌ. (S.) حَزْمَةٌ: see حَزْمٌ.

حُزْمَةٌ A bundle, or what is bound round, (K, TA,) of firewood &c.: (S:) pl. حُزَمٌ. (Msb, TA.) حَزْمَى وَاللّٰهِ i. q. أَمَا وَاللّٰهِ; (K;) as also حَرْمَى وَاللّٰهِ [q. v.]. (K in art. حرم.) حُزُمَّةٌ Short; (K;) applied to a man. (TA.) حِزَامٌ [The girth of a horse and the like; and the girdle of a man;] the thing with which one girths, or girds; as also ↓ حِزَامَةٌ and ↓ مِحْزَمٌ and ↓ مِحْزَمَةٌ: (K:) pl. حُزُمٌ, (Msb, K, TA, [in the CK حُزْمٌ,]) i. e., pl. of حِزَامٌ, (Msb, TA,) [and أَحْزِمَةٌ is pl. of pauc. of the same:] the pl. of مِحْزَمَةٌ [and مِحْزَمٌ] is مَحَازِمُ. (TA.) [J says,] The حِزَام of the beast is well known: and hence the saying, جَاوَزَ الحِزَامُ الطُّبْيَيْنِ [The girth passed beyond the two teats]; (S;) meaning (assumed tropical:) the affair, or case, became distressing, and formidable. (K in art. طبى.) b2: Hence, also, The حِزَام [or swaddling-band] of a child in his cradle. (S.) b3: [And hence, also,] أَخَذَ حِزَامَ الطَّرِيقِ (tropical:) He took the middle, and main part, or beaten track, of the road. (TA.) حَزِيمٌ: see حَازِمٌ: A2: and see also حَيْزُومٌ, in two places.

حِزَامَةٌ: see حِزَامٌ.

حَزَّامٌ A binder of paper into bundles: in [the dial. of] Má-wará-en-Nahr. (TA.) حَازِمٌ (S, K) and ↓ حَزِيمٌ (K) Possessing the quality of حَزْم [explained above, as meaning prudence, or discretion, and precaution; or good judgment; &c.]: or intelligent; discriminating, or discerning; possessing firmness, or soundness, of judgment, or knowledge, and skill in affairs, or experience and good judgment; using precaution in affairs: (TA:) pl. (of the former, TA) حَزَمَةٌ (K, TA [in the CK, erroneously, حَزْمَةٌ]) and حُزَمٌ and حُزَّمٌ and حُزَّامٌ and [of pauc.] أَحْزَامٌ; (TA;) and (of حَزِيمٌ, TA) حُزَمَآءُ. (K.) حَيْزُومٌ and ↓ حَزِيمٌ The breast, or chest: (K:) or the middle thereof; (S, K;) and the part which the حِزَام [i. e. girth or girdle] embraces, (S, TA,) where the heads of the جَوَانِح [or ribs of the breast] meet, above the lower extremity of the sternum, opposite the كَاهِل [or uppermost third portion of the backbone]: (TA:) the part of the breast which is the place of the حِزَام: (Ham p. 704, in explanation of the latter word:) and the former word, the part that surrounds the back and the belly: or the ribs of [the part where lies] the heart: and the part of the side of the breast on the right and left of the حُلْقُوم [or windpipe]; (K;) the two parts thus described being called حَيْزُومَانِ: (TA:) pl. of the former حَيَازِيمُ; (TA;) and of the latter أَحْزِمَةٌ [a pl. of pauc.] (Kr, K) and حُزُمٌ [a pl. of mult.]. (K.) One says, اُشْدُدْ حَيْزُومَكَ لِهٰذَا الأَمْرِ, and حَيَازِيمَكَ, i. e. (assumed tropical:) Dispose and subject thyself to this affair, or case; meaning prepare thyself for it: and ↓ شّدَّ حَزِيمَهُ [(assumed tropical:) He disposed and subjected, or prepared, himself]: (TA:) or شَدُّ الحَيَازِيمِ is an expression denoting, by way of similitude, patient endurance of that which has befallen one. (Ham p. 163.) b2: And the former, (assumed tropical:) The breast [or bows] of a ship or boat. (MA.) A2: حَيْزُومُ [so in my copies of the S, imperfectly decl., app. regarded as of foreign origin, (not الحَيْزُومُ as is implied in the K,)] the name of One of the horses of the angels; (S;) the horse of Gabriel: (K:) accord. to some, [حيزون,] with ن in the place of the م. (TA.) A3: See also حَزٌمٌ.

أَحْزَمُ [More, and most, prudent, discrete, or cautious]. Hence the prov., أَحْزَمُ مِنْ حِرْبَآءٍ

[More prudent, or cautious, than a chameleon]. (Meyd. [See Freytag's Arab. Prov. i. 399.]) A2: Also, applied to a horse, (S,) Large, or full, in the sides, or in the sides and belly and flank; contr. of أَهْضَمُ. (S, K.) b2: And, applied to a camel, (TA,) Large in the حَيْزُوم: (K:) or large in the place of the حِزَام [or girth]. (T, TA.) b3: See also حَزْمٌ.

أَحْزَامٌ i. q. أَحْزَابٌ [pl. of حِزْبٌ]: (K:) the م is a substitute for the ب. (TA.) مَحْزِمٌ, of a beast, The part upon which lies the حِزَام [or girth]. (S.) مِحْزَمٌ: see حِزَامٌ.

مَحْزَمَةٌ: see حِزَامٌ.

جرب

1 جَرِبَ, (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K,) aor. ـَ (Mgh, Msb, K,) inf. n. جَرَبٌ, (Msb, TA,) He (a camel, S, A, Msb, K, and a man, S, or other animal, Msb,) was, or became, affected with what is termed جَرَب [i. e. the mange, or scab]. (S, Msb, K.) مَا لَهُ جَرِبَ وَحَرِبَ is a form of imprecation against a man [meaning What aileth him? may he have the scab, and be despoiled of all his wealth, or property: or may he have his camels affected with the mange, or scab, and be despoiled &c.: or may his camels be affected with the mange, or scab, &c.]: it may express a wish that he may be affected with جَرَب: or جَرِبَ may be put for أَجْرَبَ, to assimilate it to حَرِبَ: or it may be for جَرِبَتْ إِبلُهُ. (L.) b2: See 4. b3: Also (tropical:) i. q. هَلَكَتْ أَرْضُهُ [meaning His land had its herbage dried up by drought; or became such as is termed جَرْبَآء, fem. of أَجْرَبُ, q. v.]. (K.) 2 جرّبهُ, (A, Msb, K,) inf. n. تَجْرِبَةٌ, (M, A, K,) or تَجْرِيبٌ, the former, which see also below, being a simple subst., (Msb,) or both, but the former is irreg., are inf. ns., (TA,) He tried, made trial of, made experiment of, tested, proved, assayed, proved by trial or experiment or experience, him, or it: (A, K:) or he tried it, made trial of it, &c., namely, a thing, time after time. (Msb.) [You say also جَرَّبَ, for جَرَّبَ الأُمُورَ, meaning He tried affairs: and hence, i. q.]

جُرِّبَ فِى الأُمُور [He became experienced, or expert, in affairs]. (T, TA.) And جَرَّبَتْهُ الأُمُورُ [Affairs, or events, tried him. &c.: and thus, rendered him experienced, or expert]. (S, TA.) And مَا جُرِّبتْ عَلَيْهِ فَعْلَةٌ قَبِيحَةٌ قَطُّ [A foul action was never found to be chargeable upon him]. (S voce نُغْبَةٌ.) 4 اجرب He had his camels [or found them to be] affected with what is termed جَرَب [i. e. the mange, or scab]; (S, A, L, K;) as also ↓ جَرِبَ, (L, K,) which may be for جَرِبَتْ إِبِلُهُ; or used for أَجْرَبَ, to assimilate it to حَرِبَ in a saying mentioned above; see 1. (L.) Q. Q. 1 جَوْرَبَهُ He put on him [i. e., on his (another's) foot or feet,] جَوْرَب [i. e. a sock or stocking, or a pair of socks or stockings]. (S, K.) Q. Q. 2 تَجَوْرَبَ He put on [i. e., on his own foot or feet,] جَوْرَب [i. e. a sock or stocking, or a pair of socks or stockings]. (S, K.) And in like manner, تجورب جَوْرَبَيْنِ [He put on a pair of socks or stockings]. (TA.) جِرْبٌ: see جِرْبَةٌ.

جَرَبٌ [The mange, or scab;] a certain disease, (A,) well known; (S, A, K;) accord. to the medical books, (Msb,) a gross humour, arising beneath the skin, from the mixture of the salt phlegm, (Msb, MF,) or the phlegm of the flesh, (so in a copy of the Msb,) with the blood, accompanied with pustules, and sometimes with emaciation, in consequence of its abundance; (Msb, MF;) or [an eruption consisting of] pustules upon the bodies of men and camels. (M, TA.) You say, أعْدَى مِنَ الجَرَبِ عِنْدَ العَرَبِ [More transitive, or catching, than the mange, or scab, among the Arabs]: (A, TA:) a proverb. (TA.) b2: (assumed tropical:) Rust upon a sword. (K.) b3: (tropical:) A resemblance of rust upon the inner side of the جَفْن [or eyelid], (M, K,) sometimes covering the whole of it, and sometimes part of it. (M.) You say, بِأَجْفَانِهِ جَرَبٌ (tropical:) [In his eyelids is] a resemblance of rust upon their inner sides. (A.) b4: (assumed tropical:) A vice, a fault, a defect, an imperfection, or a blemish. (IAar, K.) جَرِبٌ: see أَجْرَبُ.

جِرْبَةٌ A place of seed-produce; (S, K;) as also ↓ جَرِيبٌ: (K:) and a tract of land such as is termed قَرَاح [i. e. a field, or land, sown or for sowing, without any building or trees in it; or land cleared for sowing and planting; or a separate piece of land in which palm-trees &c. grow; &c.]: (K:) metaphorically applied by Imra-el-Keys to [a grove of] palm-trees, where he says كَجِرْبَةِ نَخْلٍ أَوْ كَجَنَّةِ يَثْرِبَ [Like a grove of palm-trees, or like the plantation of Yethrib]: (AHn, TA:) or land prepared for sowing or planting: (AHn, K:) or a piece of land differing in condition from the land adjoining it, [i. e. a patch of land,] producing good plants or herbage: (Lth, TA:) the pl. [or rather coll. gen. n.] is ↓ جِرْبٌ, (Lth, AHn,) like as تِبْنٌ is of تِبْنَةٌ, and سِدْرٌ of سِدْرَةٌ: (AHn:) or جِرْبٌ signifies a قَرَاح; and its pl. is جِرَبَةٌ. (IAar, TA.) b2: A skin, or a mat, which is placed upon the brink of a well, lest the water should be scattered into the well [app. in falling from the bucket into the channel of the tank or cistern &c.]: or (a skin, TA,) that is placed in a rivulet or streamlet جَدْوَل [which is applied in the present day to an artificial streamlet for irrigation, in the form of a trench or gutter,]) that the water may flow down over it [app. from the well to the tank or cistern &c.]. (M, K.) جَرِبَةُ: see أَجْرَبُ, last sentence but one.

جَرْبَانُ or جَرْبَانٌ: see أَجْرَبُ: A2: and for the latter, see جُرُبَّانٌ.

جُرْبَانٌ and جِرْبَانٌ: see جُرُبَّانٌ, in five places.

جُرُبَّآء and جِرِبَّآء: see what next follows.

جُرُبَّانٌ (S, MF, TA) and جِرِبَّانٌ, (Mj, MF, TA,) which are the two forms commonly known, (MF, TA,) or, accord. to the K, ↓ جِرْبَانٌ and ↓ جُرْبَانٌ, or, accord. to the L, ↓ جَرْبَانٌ, and sometimes ↓ جُرْبَانٌ, or, accord. to some copies of the K, [and so in the CK,] ↓ جِرِبَّآء and ↓ جُرُبَّآء, which are evident mistranscriptions, or, accord. to the 'Ináyeh of El-Khafájee, جَرِبَّانٌ, which is more strange, (MF,) but this last accords [most nearly] with its original, (TA,) [for it is] a Persian word arabicized, (S, TA,) originally گَرِيبَانْ; (TA;) The جَيْب [or opening at the neck and bosom] of a shirt: (K, TA:) or the part around the neck, upon which are sewed the buttons: (IB and TA in art. بنق:) or the [part called] لِبْنَة [q. v.] of a shirt. (S, TA.) b2: جُرُبَّانُ سَيْفٍ (Fr, S, K) and ↓ جُرْبَانُهُ, (K, TA,) or ↓ جِرْبانهُ, (CK,) The edge (حَدّ) of a sword: (K:) or a thing [i. e. a case] (K, TA) of sewed leather (TA) in which are put a sword and its scabbard with the cords or belts by which it is suspended: (K, TA;) i. q. قِرَابُهُ: (S: [see also جِرَابٌ:]) or a large sword-case in which are a man's sword and his whip and what else he requires: (Fr, TA: [also called جُلُبَّان and جِلِبَّان and جُلْبَان:]) in the L, the first is [also] said to signify the scabbard of a sword. (TA.) جِرْبِيَآءُ [a word of a very rare form, (see كِبْرِيَآءُ,)] The north-west wind; a wind of the kind termed نَكْبَآءُ, that blows in a direction between that of the [north wind, or northerly wind, called]

شَمَال and that of the [west wind, or westerly wind, called] دَبُور, and that dispels the clouds: (S, TA:) it is a cold wind, and is sometimes attended by a little rain: (TA in art. نكب, q. v.:) or the [north wind, or northerly wind, called]

شمال: or the cold of that wind: (K, TA:) or, (K,) as also أَزْيَبُ, (TA,) the south east wind; the wind that blows in a direction between that of the [south wind, or southerly wind, called]

جَنُوب and that of the [east wind, or easterly wind, called] صَبَا. (K, TA.) b2: Also, with the article ال, a name of The seventh earth: corresponding to العِرْبِيَآءُ, a name of “the seventh heaven.” (TA.) A2: Also A weak man. (K.) جِرَابٌ, (S, Msb, K, &c.,) not جَرَابٌ, (ISk, Msb, K,) or this latter is of weak authority, (K, TA,) or peculiar to the vulgar, (S, L,) A provisionbag for travellers: (K, Har p. 174:) or a bag, or receptacle, for travelling-provisions and for goods or utensils &c.,; syn. وِعَآءٌ: (K, TA:) or such a receptacle made of sheep-skin, in which nothing is kept but what is dry: (TA:) pl. [of mult.] جُرُبٌ (S, Msb, K) and جُرْبٌ, (S, K,) the latter a contraction of the former, (TA,) and [of pauc.] أَجْرِبَةٌ. (S, Msb, K.) b2: (tropical:) A sword-case; or a case, or receptacle, in which a sword is put with its scabbard and its suspensory belt or cord; syn. قِرَابُ سَيْفٍ. (TA. [See also جُرُبَّانٌ.]) b3: (assumed tropical:) The scrotum. (K.) b4: جِرَابُ القَلْبِ (assumed tropical:) [The pericardium, or heart-purse]. (K in art. ثهت, &c.) b5: جِرَابُ البِئْرِ (assumed tropical:) The cavity of the well; (M, K;) or (tropical:) its interior, (Lth, S, M, A,) from top to bottom. (Lth, S, M.) You say, اِطْوِ جِرَابَهَا بِالحِجَارَةِ Case thou its interior with stones. (A.) جَرِيبٌ A certain measure, (M, A, Mgh, K,) or quantity, of wheat, (S, Msb,) consisting of four أَقْفِزَة [pl. of قَفِيزٌ]: (M, A, Msb, K:) or ten اقفزة; each قفيز thereof consisting of ten أَعْشِرَآء

[pl. of عَشِيرٌ]; so that the عشير is the hundredth part of the whole: (TA:) or, as some say, a measure differing in different countries; as is the case of the رطْل and مُدّ and ذِرَاع &c. (MF, TA.) For the pl., see what follows. b2: Hence, (Mgh,) (assumed tropical:) A certain quantity of land; (S, Mgh, Msb;) as much as is sown with the measure of seed so called; (A, Mgh;) like as mules and the space that they travel are termed بَرِيدٌ: (A, Mgh: *) it is sixty cubits by sixty cubits; accord. to Kudámeh, the extent termed أَشْل multiplied by itself; the اشل being sixty cubits; the cubit being six قَبَضَات; and the قَبْضَة, four أَصَابِع: the tenth part of the جريب is called قفيز, and the tenth of the قفيز is called عشير; so that the قفيز is ten اعشراء: (Mgh:) it is a distinct portion of land, differing according to the different conventional usages of the people of different provinces: it is said that the width of six moderate-sized barleycorns is called إِصْبَعٌ; the قبضة is four اصابع; the ذِرَاع is six قبضات; ten أَذْرُع are called قَصَبَةٌ; ten قَصَبَات are called اشل; and the جريب is the extent termed اشل multiplied by itself: the اشل multiplied by the قصبة is called قفيز; and the اشل multiplied by the ذراع is called عشير: so the جِريب is ten thousand cubits: or, accord. to Kudámeh the Scribe, it is three thousand and six hundred cubits: (Msb:) pl. [of pauc.] أَجْرِبَةٌ and [of mult.] جُرْبَانٌ (S, Msb, K) and جُرُوبٌ. (R, TA.) See also جِرْبَةٌ. b3: Also A valley; (Lth, Msb, K; [accord. to the second of which, this is the primary signification;]) i. e., in an absolute sense; and, with the article ال, the name of a particular valley in the territory of Keys: (TA:) pl. أَجْرِبَةٌ. (Lth, TA.) جَوْرَبٌ [A sock or stocking, or a pair of socks or stockings;] the wrapper of the foot or leg: (K:) or a pair of woollen envelopes for the feet, used for warmth: (TA:) an arabicized word, (S, Msb,) from the Persian گُورَبْ, originally گُورْ, i. e. “tomb of the foot:” (TA:) pl. جَوَارِبَةٌ and جَوَارِبُ; (S, A, Msb, K;) in the former of which, the ة is added because it is originally a foreign word. (S, TA.) You say, هُوَ

أَنْتَنُ مِنْ رِيحِ الجَوْرَبِ [He, or it, is more stinking than the smell of socks, or stockings]. (A, TA.) جَوَارِبِىٌّ A maker of جَوَارِب [i. e. socks or stockings]. (TA.) أجْرَبُ (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K) and ↓ جَرِبٌ (A, Mgh, K) and ↓ جَرْبَانُ or جَرْبَانٌ (K accord. to different copies) [Mangy, or scabby;] affected with what is termed جَرَب: (S, A, Msb, K:) applied to a camel, (A, Msb,) and to a man: (S, A:) fem. (of the first, Msb) جَرْبَآءُ (A, Msb) and [of the second] جَرِبَةٌ: (A:) pl. (of the first, S, Msb) جُرْبٌ (S, A, Msb, K) and (of the first, S, Mgh, TA, or of the second, Mgh, or of the third agreeably with analogy, TA) جَرْبَى (S, Mgh, K) and [of the first] أَجَارِبُ, which is like certain pls. of substantives, as أَجَادِلُ and أَنَامِلُ, (TA,) and (of the first contrary to rule, like عِجَافٌ and بِطَاحٌ and عِصَالٌ which are pls. of أَعْجَفُ and أَبْطَحُ and أَعْصَلُ, Msb, or of the second, IB, K, or of جُرْبٌ, which is pl. of the first, S) جِرَابٌ: (S, IB, Msb, K:) this last occurs in the following verse [of ‘Amr, or' Omeyr, Ibn-El-Hobáb, or El-Khabbáb; these variations being in different copies of the K; but in the TA art. نشر, and in a copy of the S in that art. and in the present one, ‘Omeyr Ibn-El-Khabbáb]: وَفِينَا وَإِنْ قِيلَ اصْطَلَحْنَا تَضَاغُنٌ كَمَا طَرَّ أَوْبَارُ الجِرَابِ عَلَى النَّشْرِ (S, K *) Within us, though it be said that we have made peace, one with another, and we are on good terms outwardly, is mutual rancour: as the soft wool of the mangy camels (while disease lurks beneath, within them, TA) grows by reason of [eating] the نشر [or herbage] that becomes green at the and of summer (in consequence of rain falling upon it, TA) and is injurious to animals that pasture upon it: (K, TA:) and it is said by IB, and in the K, that جراب, here, is pl. of جَرِبٌ, not, as J says, of جُرْبٌ: but MF observes that فِعَالٌ is the pl. measure of several words of the measure فُعْلٌ, as رُمْحٌ and دُهْنٌ, and is even said by IHsh and Ibn-Málik and AHei to be regularly applicable to sings. of this latter measure; whereas no grammarian nor Arabic scholar asserts that a word of the measure فَعِلٌ assumes فِعَالٌ as the measure of its pl. (TA.) b2: [Hence,] سَيْفٌ أَجْرَبُ (tropical:) A sword reddened by much rust, which cannot be removed from it unless with a file. (A.) b3: And أَرْضٌ جَرْبَآءُ (tropical:) Land affected with. drought: (S, A, Msb, K: *) or salt land, affected with drought, and containing nothing. (ISd, TA.) b4: And الجَرْبَآءُ (tropical:) The sky; (S, M, A, K;) so called because of the stars (S, TA) and the milky way, (TA,) as though it were scabbed with stars; (S, IF, ISd;) its stars being likened to the marks of جَرَب; (A;) like as the sea is called أَجْرَدُ, and like as the sky is also called رَقِيع because [as it were] patched with stars: (AAF, ISd:) or that tract of the sky in which the sun and moon revolve: (M, K:) or the lowest heaven: (AHeyth, TA:) and accord. to the M, جربة [so in the TA, app. ↓ جَرِبَةُ,] is applied as a determinate [proper] name to the sky. (TA.) b5: and جَرْبَآءُ (assumed tropical:) A beautiful girl; (IAar, K;) so called because the women separate themselves from her, seeing that their goodly qualities are rendered foul by comparison with hers. (IAar, TA.) تَجْرِبَةٌ is a subst. from جَرَّبَ: (Msb:) or it is an inf. n. of that verb, (M, A, K,) and is one of the inf. ns. from which pls. are formed: (M, TA:) its pl. is تَجَاربُ (M, Msb, TA) and تَجَارِيبُ, (M, TA.) En-Nábighah says, إِلَى اليَوْمِ قَدْ جُرِّبْنَ كُلَّ التَّجَارِبِ [To this day, they (referring to females) have been tried with every kind of tryings]: and El-Aashà

says, كَمْ جَرَّبُوهُ فَمَا زَادَتْ تَجَارِبُهُمْ

أَبَا قُدَامَةَ إِلَّا المَجْدَ وَالقَنَعَا [How often have they tried him, and their tryings of Aboo-Kudámeh have not increased aught save his glory and contentment!]; تجارب being here a pluralized inf. n. made to govern an objective complement; which is a strange fact. (M, TA.) [But in this latter instance, we may consider ابا قدامة as a first objective complement of رادت, and شَيْئَا, understood before الّا, as a second objective complement of the same verb.]

مُجْرِبٌ A man who has his camels affected with what is termed جَرَب [i. e. the mange, or scab]: whence the prov., لَا إِلَاهَ لِمُجْرِبٍ [There is no god to one who has his camels affected with the mange]; as though he renounced his god by frequently swearing falsely by him that he had no pitch when it was demanded of him [for the purpose of curing other camels]: (A:) or لَا أَلِيَّةَ لِمْجْرِبٍ [There is no oath to one who has his camels affected with the mange; for the reason above mentioned, or because he is likely to deny that he has mangy camels lest his camels should be prevented from coming to water: and hence also,] أَكْدَبُ مِنْ مُجْرِبٍ [More lying than one who has his camels affected with the mange]; another prov. (Meyd. [See Freytag's Arab. Prov., ii. 382.]) مُجَرَّبٌ One who has been tried, or proved, in affairs, and whose qualities have become known: (T, TA:) or one who has been tried, or proved, and strengthened by experience in affairs: (S:) [experienced, or expert, in affairs:] or one whose qualities have been tried, or proved. (K, TA.) And ↓ مُجَرِّبٌ One having experience in affairs. (K, TA.) In general, but not always, (MF,) the Arabs used the former of these two epithets [which are virtually synonymous]. (S, MF.) b2: دَرَاهِمُ مُجَرَّبَةٌ Weighed money. (Kr, K.) b3: المُجَرَّبُ The lion. (Sgh, K.) A2: [It is also employed as an inf. n. of 2, in accordance with a usage of which there are many other instances; as in the saying,] أَنْتَ عَلَى المُجَرَّبِ [Thou art about to have the proof, or experience]: a prov., mentioned by Az: said to him who asks respecting a thing which he is about to know of himself: originally said by a woman to a man who asked her an indecent question which he was himself about to resolve. (TA.) مُجَرِّبٌ: see مُجَرَّبٌ.

خبر

1 خَبُرَ, aor. ـُ (K,) inf. n. خُبُورٌ; (TA;) and ↓ اختبر, and ↓ تخبّر; (K;) He knew; or had, or possessed, knowledge; بِشَىْءٍ [of a thing; generally meaning, with respect to its internal, or real, state]. (K, TA.) A2: خَبَرَهُ, (S, A, Msb,) aor. ـُ (Msb, MS,) inf. n. خَبْرٌ; (Msb, MS; *) and خَبِرَهُ, [aor. ـَ (A,) inf. n. خَبَرٌ; (TA;) and ↓ اختبِرهُ, and ↓ تخبّرهُ; (TA;) He knew it; syn. عَلِمَهُ; (S, A, Msb;) [generally meaning, with respect to its internal, or real, state; like خَبُرَ بِهِ: see خُبْرٌ, its simple subst., as distinguished from its inf. n.] You say, مِنْ أَيْنَ خَبَرْتَ هَذَا الأَمْرَ, (so in a copy of the S,) or خَبِرْتَ, (so in another copy of the S, and so in the A, where it is expressly said to be with kesr,) Whence knewest thou this thing? (S, A. *) b2: And خَبَرَهُ, (S, K,) aor. ـُ (S,) inf. n. خُبْرٌ and خِبْرَةٌ, (S, K,) or the latter is a simple subst.; (Msb;) and ↓ اختبرهُ [which is the more common in this sense]; (S, Msb, K;) He tried, made trial of, made experiment of, tested, proved, assayed, proved by trial or experiment or experience him, or it. (S, Msb, K.) Hence the phrase, (S,) لَأَخْبُرَنَّ خَبَرَكَ, (S, K,) in some good lexicons خُبْرَكَ, (TA, [and so in the CK, but this I think to be a mistake, suggested by the explanation, which is not literal,]) i. q. لَأَعْلَمَنَّ عِلْمَكَ [which properly signifies I will assuredly know thy knowledge, or what thou knowest, but here means, as is shown by the manner in which the phrase that it explains is mentioned in the S, I will assuredly try, prove, or test, thy state, and so know what thou knowest]. (S, K.) [Hence, also,] the saying of Abu-dDardà, وَجَدْتُ النَّاسَ اُخْبُرْ تَقْلِهِمْ, (S,) or تَقْلِهِ, (A, K,) I found the people to be persons of whom it is said thus: [Try, prove, or test, them, or him, and thou wilt hate them, or him:] i. e. there is not one [of them] but his conduct is hated when it is tried, or proved, or tested: (K:) or when thou triest, provest, or testest, them, thou wilt hate them: the imperative form being used, but the meaning being that of an enunciative: (S, A, L, B:) [وَجَدْتُ is a verb of the kind called أَفْعَالُ القُلُوبِ, which govern two objective complements; therefore اُخْبُرْ تَقْلِهِمْ and اُخْبُرْ تَقْلِهِ are for مَقْلِيِّينَ عِنْدَ الخِبْرَةِ and مَقْلِيًّا عند الخبرة.]

A3: خَبَرَ الأَرْضَ, [and, as appears from a passage in the L, ↓ خبّرها, (see خَبْرٌ,)] He furrowed, or ploughed, the land for sowing. (Msb.) A4: خَبَرَ الطَّعَامَ, (K,) aor. ـُ inf. n. خَبْرٌ, (TA,) He made the food greasy; or put grease to it. (K, TA.) A5: خَبِرَ It (a place) was, or became, what is termed خَبْرَآء: (S:) or abounded with سِدْر [or lote-trees]. (TA.) b2: And خَبِرَتِ الأَرْضُ, aor. ـَ (K,) inf. n. خَبَرٌ, (TA,) The land, or ground, abounded with خَبَار [app. meaning soft soil: see 3]. (K.) A6: خبرت, [probably خَبُرَتْ, like غَزُرَتْ &c.,] inf. n. خُبُورٌ, (tropical:) She (a camel) abounded with milk. (Lh, TA. [See خَبْرٌ.]) 2 خَبَّرَ see 4, in two places: A2: and see 1.3 خَاْبَرَ خابرهُ, (TA,) inf. n. مَخَابَرَةٌ, (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K, &c.,) [He made a contract, or bargain, with him to till and sow and cultivate land for a share of its produce:] the inf. n. signifies i. q. مُزَارَعَةٌ [i. e. the making a contract, or bargain, with another to cultivate land for a share of its produce], (AO, Lh, S, A, IAth, Mgh, Msb,) for somewhat of its produce, (S, Msb,) or for a third or a quarter, (AO, Mgh,) or for a determined share, such as a third or a quarter or some other portion, (IAth,) or for half or the like: (so in some copies of the K and in the TA:) or the tilling the ground for half or the like: (so in other copies of the K:) and i. q. مُؤَاكَرَةٌ: (K:) and ↓ خِبْرٌ is syn. with مُخَابَرَةٌ: (S, K:) it is a forbidden practice: (A, Mgh, TA:) it is from خَبِيرٌ signifying “ a tiller, or cultivator, of land: ” (S, Mgh:) or from خَبَرَ “ he furrowed, or ploughed (land) for sowing; ” whence خَبِيرٌ also: (Msb:) or from خَبِرَتِ الأَرْضُ “ the land abounded with خَبَار: ” or from [the fortress of] خَيْبَر, because the Prophet made it to remain in the possession of its inhabitants for half of its revenue; and therefore it was said, خَابَرَهُمْ. (TA.) 4 اخبرهُ, [inf. n. إِخْبَارٌ;] (S, A, Msb, K;) and ↓ خبّرهُ, (S, A, K,) inf. n. تَخْبِيرٌ; (K;) are syn. [as signifying He informed him, told him, or acquainted him]. (S, A, K.) You say, أَخْبَرْتُهُ بِكَذَا, (S, Msb,) [and عَنْ كذا,] and ↓ خَبَّرْتُهُ, (S,) [I informed him, or told him, of such a thing; or acquainted him with such a thing; or made him to know the internal, or real, state of such a thing.] And ↓ اخبرهُ خُبُورَةً, i. e. أَنْبَأَهُ مَا عِنْدَهُ [He informed him, or told him, of what he had, or knew]. (K. [Whether it be meant that اخبر is doubly trans. without a particle, in this instance, like أَعْلَمَ, or whether خبورة be a quasi-inf. n, is not explained.]) One says also, تُخْبِرُ عَنْ مَجْهُولِهِ مَرْآتُهُ (tropical:) [His aspect acquaints one with his unknown state or qualities]. (A.) [And اخبر عَنْهُ He predicated of him, or it.]

A2: أَخْبَرْتُ اللِّقْحَة (tropical:) I found the milch camel to be abounding with milk. (K. [See 1, last sentence.]) 5 تَخَبَّرَ see 1, in two places: b2: and see 10, in four places.

A2: تخبّروا, (K,) or تخبّروا خُبْرَةً, (S,) They bought a sheep or goat, (S, K,) for different sums, (TA,) and slaughtered it, (S, K,) and divided its flesh among themselves, (S, TA,) each of them receiving a share proportioned to the sum that he had paid. (TA.) 8 إِخْتَبَرَ see 1, in three places.

A2: مَا اخْتَبَرْتَ لِأَهْلِكَ What خُبْرَة, or flesh-meat, hast thou bought for thy family? (TA.) 10 استخبرهُ (A, K) and ↓ تخبّرهُ (K) He asked, or sought, or desired, of him information, or news, or tidings: (A, * K:) or he asked him respecting news, or tidings, and desired that he should inform him thereof. (TA.) And استخبر and ↓ تخبّر, (S,) or استخبر الخَبَرَ and ↓ تخبّرهُ, (TA,) He asked, or inquired, after the news, or tidings, (S, TA,) that he might know the same: (TA:) and ↓ تخبّر الأَخْبَارَ He searched after the news, or tidings, diligently, or time after time. (A, TA.) خَبْرٌ: see خُبْرٌ.

A2: Also Trees of the kind called سِدْر [or lote-trees], (Lth, K,) and أَرَاك, with abundant herbage around them; (Lth;) as also ↓ خَبِرٌ: (Lth, K:) [both coll. gen. ns.:] ns. un.

خَبْرَةٌ and خَبِرَةٌ. (TA.) b2: Seed-produce. (K.) b3: A place where water rests, or stagnates, in a mountain: (K:) a place where water has fallen, such as the water-course has furrowed (خَبَّرَ [perhaps a mistranscription for خَبَرَ]) in the summits (رُؤُوس) [of mountains], and through which one wades. (L.) A3: A large [leathern water-bag of the kind called] مَزَادَة [q. v.]; (S, K;) as also ↓ خَبْرَآءُ (Kr, K) and ↓ خِبْرٌ: (K:) but this last is disallowed, in the sense above-explained, by AHeyth; and others say that the first word is better: (TA:) pl. of the first خُبُورٌ. (S, K.) b2: Hence, by way of comparison thereto, (S,) (tropical:) A she-camel abounding with milk; (S, K;) as also ↓ خِبْرٌ, (K,) and ↓ مَخْبُورَةٌ [نَاقَةٌ]. (TA.) خُبْرٌ (S, A, K) and ↓ خِبْرٌ (K) and ↓ خَبْرٌ, an inf. n., (Msb,) and ↓ خَبَرٌ, also an inf. n., (TA,) and ↓ خُبْرَةٌ and ↓ خِبْرَةٌ and ↓ مَخْبَرَةٌ, (K,) Knowledge, syn. عِلْمٌ, (S, A, Msb, K,) بِشَىْءٍ [of a thing]: (A, K:) or, accord. to some, خُبْزٌ signifies knowledge of the secret internal state: and ↓ خِبْزَةٌ and ↓ خُبْزَةٌ signify knowledge of the external and internal state; or, as some say, of secret internal circumstances or properties; but this necessarily involves acquaintance with external things. (TA.) You say, لِى بِهِ خُبْرٌ and ↓ خِبْرَةٌ [&c.] I have knowledge of it. (TA.) And مَا لِى بِهِ خُبْرٌ [&c.] I have not knowledge of it. (A.) b2: See also خِبْرَةٌ.

A2: And see خَبِيرٌ: A3: and خُبْرَةٌ.

خِبْرٌ: see خُبْرٌ: A2: and see also 3: A3: and see خَبْرٌ, in two places.

خَبَرٌ [originally] an inf. n. of خَبِرَهُ: see خُبْرٌ. (TA.) b2: Also Information; a piece of information; a notification; intelligence; an announcement; news; tidings; a piece of news; an account; a narration, or narrative; a story; syn. نَبَأٌ; (T, K;) that comes to one from a person of whom he asks it: (TA:) or خَبَرٌ and نَبَأٌ are not synonymous; for, accord. to Er-Rághib and others, the latter relates to a thing of great importance: and accord. to the leading authorities in lexicology and the science of conventional language, the former signifies properly, and in its common acceptation, what is related from another or others: to which authors on the Arabic language add, that it may be true or false: (MF:) or what is related from another or others, and talked of: (Msb:) pl. أَخْبَارٌ, (S, Msb, K,) and pl. pl. أَخَابِيرُ. (K.) b3: By the relaters of traditions, it is used as syn. with حَدِيثٌ [signifying A tradition; or narrative relating, or describing, a saying or an action &c. of Mohammad]: (TA:) or this latter term is applied to what comes from the Prophet; and خَبَرٌ, to what comes from another than the Prophet; or from him or another; and أَثَرٌ, to what comes from a Companion of the Prophet; but it may also be applied to a saying of the Prophet. (Kull p. 152.) b4: [In grammar, as correlative of مُبْتَدَأٌ, An enunciative: and as correlative of اِسْمٌ, the predicate of the non-attributive verb كَانَ and the like, and of كَادَ &c.] b5: Also A man's state, or case; الأَمْرُ الَّذِى هُوَ عَليْهِ. (Har p. 20.) خَبِرٌ: see خَبِيرٌ, in two places.

A2: See also خَبْرٌ. b2: خَبِرَةٌ, or أَرْضٌ خَبِرَةٌ; and مَوْضِعٌ خَبِرٌ, and خَبِرٌ alone: see خُبْرٌ.

خُبْرَةٌ: see خُبْرٌ, in two places.

A2: Also A portion, or share, (A'Obeyd, S, A, Mgh, K,) which one takes, of flesh-meat or fish. (A'Obeyd, S, K.) b2: A sheep, or goat, which is bought by a number of persons, (S, K,) for different sums, (TA,) and slaughtered, (S, K,) and of which the flesh is then divided by them among themselves, (S,) each of them receiving a share proportioned to the sum that he has paid; (TA; [see 5;]) as also ↓ خَبِيرَةٌ: (K:) and ↓ شَاةٌ خَبِيرَةٌ a sheep, or goat, divided among several persons; thought by ISd to be formed by rejection of the augmentative letter [in its verb تخبّر]. (TA.) b3: What one buys for his family; as also ↓ خُبْرٌ: (K:) accord. to some, (TA,) flesh-meat (K, TA) which one buys for his family. (TA.) b4: Food, (K, TA,) consisting of flesh-meat and other kinds. (TA.) b5: A thing brought forward or offered [for entertainment]. (Lh, K.) So in the saying, اِجْتَمَعُوا عَلَى خُبْرَتِهِ [They congregated over what he had brought forward, or offered, for their entertainment]. (Lh.) b6: A mess of crumbled, or broken, bread, moistened with broth, large, (K, TA,) and greasy. (TA.) b7: A bowl in which are bread and flesh-meat for four or five [persons]. (K.) b8: Food which the traveller carries in his journey, (K,) and provides for himself. (TA.) b9: Seasoning, condiment, or savoury food; as also ↓ خَبِيرٌ: whence the saying, أَتَانَا بِخُبْزَةٍ وَلَمْ يَأْتِنَا بِخُبْرَةٍ [He brought us a cake of bread, but he brought us not any seasoning]. (TA.) b10: Hence, by the Karaj, whose land is adjacent to 'Irák el-'Ajam, applied to A date; and by some of them pronounced خُبْلَةٌ. (TA.) خِبْرَةٌ Trial, proof, or test; (S, Msb, K;) and so ↓ خُبْرٌ, (S, K,) as in the saying, صَدَّقَ الخَبَرَ الخُبْرُ [The trial, proof, or test, verified the information]. (S.) b2: See also خُبْرٌ, in three places.

خَبْرَآءُ, (Lth, S, K,) and أَرْضٌ خَبْرَآءُ, (S,) and ↓ خَبِرَةٌ, (Lth, K, [in the CK خَبْرَة,]) or أَرْضٌ خَبِرَةٌ, (S,) A plain, or level, tract of land, that produces سِدْر [or lote-trees]: (S, K:) or a tract abounding with trees, in the lower part of a meadow, in which water remains until the hot season, and in which grow trees of the kinds called سِدْر and أَرَاك, with abundant herbage around them: (Lth:) the pl. of خَبْرَآءُ is خَبَارَى and خَبَارٍ and خَبْرَاوَاتٌ (S, K) and خِبَارٌ; (K;) and the pl. of خَبِرَةٌ is ↓ خَبِرٌ; (TA;) [or this is neither a pl. nor a quasi-pl. n.: it may be a coll. gen. n.: but it is probably only an epithet, of which خَبِرَةٌ is the fem.; for] one says also ↓ مَوْضِعٌ خَبِرٌ, (S, TA,) meaning a place abounding with سِدْر. (TA.) b2: خَبْرَآءُ also signifies A place where water collects and stagnates: (TA:) or where water collects and stagnates at the roots of trees of the kind called سِدْر: (K, TA:) or a round low tract of level ground in which water collects. (T.) b3: See also خَبَارٌ.

A2: And see خَبْرٌ.

خَبَارٌ Soft land or soil, (IAar, S, A, Mgh, K,) in which are burrows (IAar, S, A) and hollows; (IAar;) as also ↓ خَبْرَآءُ: (A:) or soft land or soil, in which beasts sink and are embarrassed: or crumbling ground, in which the feet of beasts sink. (TA.) It is said in a prov., مَنْ تَجَنَّبَ الخَبَارَ أَمِنَ العِثَارَ [He who avoids soft ground in which the feet sink will be secure from stumbling]. (A, K.) b2: Also Heaps of earth, or dust, collected at the roots of trees. (K, * TA.) b3: and Burrows of جِرْذَان [or large field-rats]: (K:) [a coll. gen. n.:] n. un. with ة. (TA.) الخَبُورُ The lion. (K.) خَبِيرٌ Knowing; having knowledge; (S, A, Msb;) as also ↓ خَبِرٌ: (AHn:) or possessing much knowledge with respect to internal things; like شَهِيدٌ with respect to external things: (L in art. شهد:) or possessing knowledge of matters of information, news, tidings, accounts, narratives, or stories; of what is termed خَبَرٌ; (K;) or of what are termed أَخْبَار; (TA;) as also ↓ خَابِرٌ and ↓ خَبِرٌ, (K,) which last is thought by ISd to be a possessive [as distinguished from a verbal] epithet, (TA,) [or it is from خَبِرَ, a form which ISd may not have known,] and ↓ خُبْرٌ, (K,) which is an intensive epithet: (TA:) also informed; possessing information. (TA.) You say, أَنَا بِهِ خَبِيرٌ I have knowledge of it. (A.) And [hence]

الخَبِيرُ is a name of God, meaning He who knoweth what hath been and what is or will be: (TA:) or He who well knoweth the internal qualities of things. (Sharh Et-Tirmidhee.) b2: Also Possessing knowledge of God, (K, TA,) by being acquainted with his names and his attributes. (TA.) b3: A lawyer; one skilled in the law, or practical religion. (TA.) b4: A head, or chief. (TA.) A2: A tiller, or cultivator, of land. (S, Mgh, Msb, K.) A3: Fur, or soft hair, syn. وَبَرٌ, (S, K,) of camels, and (tropical:) of the wild ass. (TA.) b2: Hair that has fallen: and with ة, a portion thereof. (K.) [See also خَبِيرَةٌ below.] b3: (tropical:) Plants, or herbage; (S, K, TA;) fresh herbage: (K, TA:) likened to the وَبَر of camels, because growing like the latter: and seed-produce. (TA.) It is said in a trad., نَسْتَخْلِبُ الخَبِيرَ (tropical:) We cut (S, TA) with the reaping-hook, (TA,) and eat, the plants, or herbage. (S, TA.) b4: Froth, or foam: (TA:) or the froth, or foam, of the mouths of camels. (S, K, TA.) A4: Seasoned, or made savoury. (TA.) b2: See also خُبْرَةٌ.

خُبُِورَةٌ: see 4.

خَبِيرَةٌ: see خُبَرةٌ, in two places.

A2: Also Good wool, of the first shearing. (K.) [See also خَبِيرٌ.]

A3: An invitation to the عَقِيقَة [q. v.] of a boy. (TA.) خَابِرٌ: see خَبِيرٌ. b2: Also One who tries, proves, or tests, things; having experience. (TA.) خَابُورٌ A certain plant: (K:) or a kind of tree, having a blossom beautiful and bright, yellow, and of good odour, with which gardens are adorned: MF says, I do not think it to be found in the East. (TA.) الخَيبَرَى, (K, TA,) in some copies of the K written الخَيْبَرِىُّ, (TA,) The black serpent. (K.) So in the saying, بَلَاهُ اللّٰهُ بِالخَيْبَرَى [May God afflict him, or it, with the black serpent]: app. because a ruined place becomes the resort of deadly serpents. (TA.) A2: One says also, عَلَيْهِ الدَّبَرَى وَحُمَّى خَيْبَرَى [May perdition befall him, and the fever of Kheyber: الدبرى being app. an inf. n., syn. with الــدَّبَار, which is used in a similar phrase (عَلَيْهِ الــدَّبَارُ) mentioned in the TA in art. دبر, and خَيْبَر being altered to خَيْبَرَى, as is indicated in the S, in order to assimilate it in form to الدبرى]: (S, TA:) the fever of Kheyber is مُتَنَاذَرَة [i. e. a fever “ against which people warn one another,” because it is generally fatal]. (TA.) [See also خَاسِرٌ.]

أَخْبَارِىٌّ A historian: a rel. n. formed from the pl., like أَنْصَارِىٌّ and أَنْمَاطِىٌّ. (TA.) مَخْبَرٌ (S) and ↓ مَخْبَرَةٌ (S, K) and ↓ مُخْبَرَةٌ (S, M) The internal state; an internal, or intrinsic, quality; the intrinsic, or real, as opposed to the apparent, state, or to the aspect, of a thing; [whether pleasing or displeasing; but when used absolutely, meaning the former;] opposite of مَرْآةٌ (S, K) and of مَنْظَرٌ [q. v.]. (S.) See also مَخْبَرَانِىٌّ.

مَخْبَرَةٌ: see خُبْرٌ: A2: and see مَخْبَرٌ.

A3: Also [A privy;] a place where excrement, or ordure, is voided. (K.) مَخْبُرَةٌ: see مَخْبَرٌ.

رَجُلٌ مَخْبَرَانِىٌّ A man of goodly internal, or intrinsic, qualities; syn. ↓ ذُو مَخْبَرٍ; like مَنْظَرَانِىٌّ as meaning ذُو مَنْظَرٍ. (TA.) مَخْبُورٌ Well seasoned; (K;) having much grease. (TA.) A2: نَاقَةٌ مَخْبُورَةٌ: see خَبْرٌ, last sentence.

مُخْتَبَرٌ (assumed tropical:) A camel having much flesh. (TA.)

فسد

1 فَسَدَ, aor. ـُ (S, M, A, O, L, Msb, K, &c.,) which is the aor. commonly known, (TA,) and فَسِدَ, (IDrd, M, O, L, K,) which is of weak authority; (IDrd, O, TA;) and فَسُدَ, aor. ـُ (S, M, O, L, K;) inf. n. فَسَادٌ (S. M, A, O, L, K) and فُسُودٌ, (M, O, L, K,) the former being inf. n. of فَسَدَ, aor. ـُ (S, A, O,) and so the latter, and the former being also inf. n. of فَسُدَ, (O,) or the former is of فَسُدَ and the latter is of فَسَدَ, (TA,) or the former is a simple subst., and the latter is the inf. n.; (Msb;) It (a thing, S, A, O) [and he (a man)] was, or became, bad, evil, corrupt, unsound, wrong, wrongful, improper, unrighteous, wicked, vitious, depraved, or dishonest; devoid of virtue, or efficacy; in a corrupted, vitiated, perverted, marred, spoiled, injured, impaired, deteriorated, tainted, or infected, state; in a state of disorder or disturbance, destruction, annihilation, consumption, waste, or ruin; (MA, KL, PS, &c.;) and so ↓ استفسد: (KL:) contr. of صَلَحَ: (M, * L, K:) it became altered in its state [for the worse]: and it became null, void, of no force, or of no account; or it came to nought, or perished; accord. to the explanation by most of the expositors of the ex. in the Kur xxi. 22. (MF.) 2 فَسَّدَ see 4, first sentence.3 فاسدهُ He became at variance with him; he cut, severed, or broke, the tie of friendship [or kindred] with him. (L in art. كشح.) And فُلَانٌ يُفَاسِدُ رَهْطَهُ [Such a one cuts the ties of friendship, or kindred, with his people, tribe, or near kinsfolk]. (A.) 4 افسد, (S, M, O, L, Msb, K, &c.,) inf. n. إفْسَادٌ and [quasi-inf.n.] فَسَادٌ; (L;) and ↓ فسّد, (O, L, Msb, K,) inf. n. تَفْسِيدٌ; (O, K;) He, or it, made, or rendered, bad, evil, corrupt, unsound, wrong, wrongful, improper, unrighteous, wicked, vitious, depraved, or dishonest; deprived of virtue, or efficacy; corrupted, vitiated, perverted, marred, spoiled, injured, impaired, deteriorated, tainted, or infected; [constituted, disposed, arranged, or qualified, ill, wrongly, or improperly;] disordered, or disturbed, [disorganized,] destroyed, annihilated, consumed, wasted, or ruined; (MA, KL, &c.;) contr. of أصْلَحَ. (M, L, K.) One says, افسد المَالَ [He rendered the property in a bad state; marred, impaired, consumed, or wasted, it]. (L.) [and افسد عَلَيْهِمْ He corrupted, perverted, or marred, their state, case, affair, scheme, plot, or the like; أَمْرَهُمْ, or the like, being understood. And افسدهُ عَلَىَّ He corrupted him and rendered him disaffected towards me.] إِفْسَادُ صَبِىٍّ, occurring in a trad., means The injuring a child by rendering its mother pregnant while she is suckling it and so vitiating her milk: which act is also termed الغِيلَهُ. (L.) [And افسد as contr. of أَصْلَحَ signifies also He acted in a bad, an evil, or a corrupt, manner; acted ill, corruptly, wrongly, wrongfully, improperly, unrighteously, wickedly, vitiously, or dishonestly; or did evil, or mischief; إِلَيْهِ to him: and he created, or excited, disorder, disturbance, disagreement, discord, dissension, strife, or quarrel-ling; or made, or did, mischief; بَيْنَ القَوْمِ between, or among, the people, or party. (See also 10.)]6 تفاسدوا They became at variance, one with another; (M, L;) they cut, severed, or broke, the tie of kindred, (M, L, K,) and of friendship, (L,) one with another. (M, L, K.) 7 انفسد [as quasi-pass. of أَفْسَدَهُ] is not allowable, (S, L,) or has not been heard. (K.) 10 استفسد contr. of اِسْتَصْلَحَ. (S, O, L, K.) [Hence, He regarded, or esteemed, a thing, or man, as bad, evil, corrupt, unsound, wrong, wrongful, improper, unrighteous, wicked, vitious, depraved, or dishonest; &c.: see 1. b2: And] He wished, or desired, [a thing, or man,] to be bad, evil, corrupt, &c. (KL.) b3: [And He sought to render bad, evil, corrupt, &c. b4: And hence, He treated in such a manner as to render disaffected, or rebellious.] One says, الأَمِيرُ يَسْتَفْسِدُ رَعِيَّتَهُ [The prince, or governor, treats his subjects in such a manner as to render them disaffected, or rebel-lious]. (A.) And استفسدالسُّلْطَانُ قَائِدَهُ The Sultán provoked the leader of his forces to rebel-lion by his evil conduct to him. (L.) b5: [and He sought to act in a bad, an evil, or a corrupt, manner; to act ill, corruptly, wrongly, wrongfully, improperly, unrighteously, or dishonestly.] One says, استفسد فُلَانٌ إِلَى فُلَانٍ [Such a one sought to act in a bad, an evil, or a corrupt, manner, or to act ill, &c., to such a one]. (M.) b6: [And He sought discord, or dissension. b7: and It (an event) happened in a bad, or an evil, manner.] b8: See also 1.

فَسَادٌ an inf. n. of 1: (S, M, A, &c.:) or a simple subst.: (Msb:) [as a subst. signifying] Badness, evilness, corruptness, unsoundness, wrongness, wrongfulness, impropriety, unrighteousness, wickedness, vitiousness, depravity, or dishonesty; the state of being devoid of virtue or efficacy; a corrupted, vitiated, perverted, marred, spoiled, deteriorated, or tainted, state; a state of disorder or disturbance, or of destruction, annihilation, consumption, waste, or ruin: (MA, KL, PS, &c.:) contr. of صَلَاحٌ. (Lth, M, Msb.) And it is also [frequently used as a quasi-inf. n.] syn. with إِفْسَادٌ [signifying The making, or rendering, bad, evil, corrupt, &c.: (see 4:) and, oftener, the acting ill, corruptly, wrong, wrongfully, improperly, unrighteously, wickedly, vitiously, or dishonestly; doing evil, or mischief; and creating, or exciting, disorder, disturbance, disagreement, discord, dissension, strife, or quarrelling]: (L:) and [particularly] the taking property wrongfully. (O, K.) [Hence,] حَرْبُ الفَسَادِ [The war of evildoing]: thus was termed a war that happened between [the two sub-tribes] بَنُوشك [in which the latter word is app. a mistranscription for شِبْكٍ] and غَوْث, of the tribe of طَىِّء: it was so termed because one party patched their sandals with the cars of the other, and one party drank wine out of the skulls of the other. (MF.) b2: Also Drought, barrenness, dearth, or scarcity of good: (M, L, K:) so in the Kur [xxx. 40], ظَهَرَ الْفَسَادُ فِى البَرِّ وَ الْبَحْرِ i. e. Drought, &c., hath appeared in the land, and in the cities that are upon the rivers; (M, L, TA;) accord. to Zj; (M;) or accord. to Ez-Zejjájee. (L, TA.) فَسِيدٌ: see the next paragraph.

فَاسِدٌ, (S, M, A, O, L, Msb, K, &c.,) part. n. of فَسَدَ; (S, M, A, &c.;) and ↓ فَسِيدٌ, (S, M, O, L, K,) part. n. of فَسُدَ; (S, O;) Bad, evil, corrupt, unsound, wrong, wrongful, improper, unrighteous, wicked, vitious, depraved, or dishonest; devoid of virtue, or efficacy; in a corrupted, vitiated, perverted, marred, spoiled, injured, impaired, deteriorated, tainted, or infected, state; in a state of disorder or disturbance, destruction, annihilation, consumption, waste, or ruin: (MA, KL, PS, &c.: [contr. of صَالِحٌ and صَلِيحٌ, as is indicated in the S and M &c.:]) pl. (of the former, S, O, Msb, [dev. from general analogy, and of the latter agreeably therewith,]) فَسْدَى, (S, M, O, Msb, K,) applied to a people, (S, M, O,) like as they said سَاقِطٌ and سَقْطَى; (S, O;) the pl. being made of the same form as هَلْكَى because these two words are nearly the same in meaning. (Sb, M.) أَفْسَدُ is [a noun denoting the comparative and superlative degrees] from الفَسَادُ; as in the prov., أَفْسَدُ مِنْ بَيْضَةِ البَلَدِ i. e. [More corrupt, or unsound, &c.,] than the egg that the ostrich leaves in the desert, not returning to it, in consequence of which it becomes corrupt, or unsound, &c.: and, anomalously, from الإِفْسَادُ; as in the prov., أَفْسَدَ مِنَ الجَرَادِ [i. e. More corrupting, or marring, &c., than the locust], because it strips the trees and the herbage; and as in other provs. (Meyd.) مَفْسَدَةٌ A cause, or means, or an occasion, of فَسَاد [i. e. badness, evilness, corruptness, unsoundness, &c.; or making, or rendering, bad, evil, corrupt, &c.]; (M, A;) contr. of مَصْلَحَةٌ: (S, O, Msb, K:) pl. مَفَاسِدُ. (A, Msb.) One says, هٰذَا الأَمْرِ مَفْسَدَةٌ لِكَذَا [This affair, or event, is cause of evil, &c., to such a thing]. (M.) And هُمْ مِنْ

أَهْلِ المَفَاسِدِ لَا المَصَالِحِ [They are of the people who do actions that are causes of evil, not actions that are causes of good]. (A.)

فطر

1 فَطَرَهُ, (S, M, K,) aor. ـُ (M, K, TA,) and, accord. to the K, فَطِرَ also, but this latter form requires consideration, for it is related by Sgh, from Fr, in another sense, that of milking a camel, and not unrestrictedly, (TA,) inf. n. فَطْرٌ; (S, M;) and ↓ فطّرهُ, (M, TA,) inf. n. تَفْطِيرٌ; (TA;) [but the latter is with teshdeed to denote muchness, or frequency, or repetition, of the action, or its application to many objects;] He clave, split, slit, rent, or cracked, it. (S, M, K.) b2: Hence, (S,) فَطَرَ, (S, Msb, K,) aor. ـُ (Msb, TA,) inf. n. فَطْرٌ (Msb, K) and فُطُورٌ, (K,) It (the tooth called ناب, of a camel,) came forth; (S, K;) it clave the flesh and came forth. (TA.) b3: See also 7.

A2: فَطَرَهُ, (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) aor. ـُ inf. n. فَطْرٌ, (S, Mgh, Msb,) He (God, Msb, K) created it, (S, Msb, K,) namely, the creation: (Msb, K:) he caused it to exist, produced it, or brought it into existence, newly, for the first time, it not having existed before; originated it; commenced, or began it; (S, M, A, Mgh, K;) as also ↓ افتطرهُ, relating to an affair. (TA.) I'Ab says, I did not know what is [the meaning of] السَّمٰوَاتِ ↓ فَاطِرُ [The Originater, or Creator, of the heavens] until two Arabs of the desert came to me, disputing together respecting a well, and one of them said أَنَا فَطَرْتُهَا, meaning, I originated, or began, it. (S.) فُطِرَ عَلَى الشَّىْءِ: see طُبِعَ. [The explanation there given is confirmed by explanations of فِطْرَةٌ.]

A3: فَطَرَ العَجِينَ, (Lth, S, K,) aor. ـُ inf. n. فَطْرٌ; (S;) and ↓ فطرّهُ; (Ks, TA;) He made the dough into bread, or baked it, without leavening it, or leaving it until it should become good [or mature]; (K;) he kneaded the dough and made it into bread, or baked it, immediately; (Lth;) he hurried the dough, or prepared it hastily, so as to prevent its becoming mature. (S.) You say فَطَرَت الْمَرْأَةُ

↓ العَجِينَ حَتَّى اسْتَبَانَ فِيهِ الفَطْرُ [The woman hurried the dough, or prepared it hastily, so that immaturity, or want of leaven, was manifest in it]. (S.) b2: And in like manner, فَطَرَ الطِّينَ He prepared, or kneaded, the clay, or mud, [without leaving it until it should become mature,] and plastered with it immediately. (Lth, TA.) b3: And فَطَرَ الجِلْدَ, (IAar, K,) inf. n. فَطْرٌ; (TA;) and ↓ افطرهُ; (K;) He did not saturate the skin with the tanning liquid: (IAar, K:) or he did not put it therein. (A.) A4: And فَطَرَ, (Fr, O, K,) aor. ـُ and فَطِرَ, (Fr, O, K, * TA,) inf. n. فَطْرٌ, (Fr, S, O, K,) He milked a she-camel, (Fr, S, O, K,) and a ewe or goat, (TA,) with the fore finger and the thumb: (Fr, S, O, K, TA:) or with the ends of the fingers: (K, TA:) or, as one does in indicating the number thirty, i. e., with the two thumbs and the two fore fingers: [but this is app. a mistake for what next follows:] (L, TA:) or, accord. to IAth, with two fingers [and] with the end of the thumb. (TA. See also ضَبَّ النَّاقَةَ.) b2: And [hence, app.,] فَطَرَ أَصَابِعَهُ He pressed, or squeezed, his fingers. (TA.) And He struck his (another's) fingers so that they burst forth with blood (اِنْفَطَرَتْ دَمًا). (TA.) A5: See also 2: b2: and 4, first sentence.2 فطّرهُ: see 1, first sentence.

A2: Also, (inf. n. تَفْطِيرٌ, S,) He made him to break his fast; or to eat and drink; (S, * Mgh, * K;) as also ↓ افطرهُ, and ↓ فَطَرَهُ: (K:) he gave him breakfast: he, or it, (namely, the action termed إِسْتِمْنَآءٌ, and a clyster, [&c.,] Msb,) broke, or vitiated, his fast. (Msb.) And you say also هٰذَا كَلَامٌ يُفْطِرُ الصَّوْمَ, [and, more commonly, يُفَطِّرُهُ,] This is speech which breaks, or vitiates, the fast. (TA.) A3: فطّر العَجِينَ: see 1.4 افطر He broke his fast; (S, * Mgh; *) he breakfasted; he ate and drank after fasting; (Msb, * K;) as also ↓ فَطَرَ, (K,) aor. ـُ (TA,) inf. n. فُطُورٌ: (Msb, TA:) his fast became vitiated. (Msb.) افطر as quasi-pass. of فَطَّرْتُهُ is extr., (Sb,) like أَبْشَرَ as quasi-pass. of بَشَّرْتُهُ. (Sb, Mgh.) Yousay افطر عَلَى تَمْرٍ [He breakfasted upon dates, or dried dates;] he made dates, or dried dates, his breakfast, after sunset [in Ramadán]. (Msb.) In the saying صُومُوا لِرُؤْيَتِهِ وَأَفْطِرُوا لِرُوْيَتِهِ [Fast ye after the sight of it, namely, the new moon commencing Ramadán, and break ye your fast after the sight of it, namely, the new moon commencing Showwál], the ل is in the sense of بَعْد, i. e., بَعْدَ رُؤْيَتِهِ. (Msb.) b2: It was time for him to break his fast: (K:) he entered upon the time of breaking his fast; (Mgh, Msb, K;) like أَصْبَحَ and أَمْسَى as meaning “ he entered upon the time of morning ” and “ upon the time of evening: ” (Mgh, * Msb:) or he became in the predicament of those who break their fast, and so though he neither ate nor drank: whence the trad., أَفْطَرَ الحَاجِمُ وَالْمَحْجُومُ The cupper and the cupped place themselves in the predicament of those who break their fast: or it is time for the cupper and the cupped to break their fast: or it is used after the manner of a harsh expression, and an imprecation against them. (IAth.) A2: افطرهُ: see 2.

A3: افطر الجِلْدَ: see 1.5 تَفَطَّرَ see the next paragraph, in six places.7 انفطر, and ↓ تفطّر, (S, M, K,) and ↓ فَطَرَ, (M,) [but the second is with teshdeed as quasi-pass. of 2, to denote muchness, or frequency, or repetition, or application to many subjects of the action, as is indicated in the S by its being expl. by تَشَقَّقَ,] It became cleft, split, slit, rent, or cracked. (S, M, K.) إِذَا السَّمَآءُ انْفَطَرَتْ [in the Kur lxxxii. 1] means When the heaven shall become cleft. (Bd, TA.) And مِنْهُ ↓ تَكَادُ السَّمٰوَاتُ يَتَفَطَّرْنَ [in the Kur xix. 92] The heavens are near to becoming repeatedly rent in consequence thereof. (Bd.) and قَدَمَاهُ ↓ تَفَطَّرَتْ His feet became cracked: [or much cracked.] (TA, from a trad.) And ↓ تَفَطَّرَتِ الأَرْضُ بِالنَّبَاتِ The earth became cracked [in many places by the plants coming forth]. (TA.) and الشَّجَرُ بِوَرَقٍ ↓ تَفَطَّرَ [The trees broke forth with leaves; as also انفطر, often occurring in this sense; see Har p. 58; and see فِطْرٌ]. (S and K, voce رَاحَ; &c.) And قَدَمَاهُ دَمًا ↓ تَفَطَّرَتْ [and انفطرت (see 1, last sentence but one,)] His feet [burst forth or] flowed with blood. (TA.) b2: And انفطر الصُّبْحُ (assumed tropical:) The dawn broke. (TA in art. صدع.) 8 إِفْتَطَرَ see 1. And see also 8 in art. شرع.

فَطْرٌ [as an inf. n.: see 1: b2: as a subst.,] A cleft, split, slit, rent, or crack: (K:) or, accord. to some, a first cleft &c.: (MF:) pl. فُطُورٌ: (K:) occurring in the saying هَلْ تَرَى مِنْ فُطُورٍ [Dost thou see any clefts?], in the Kur [lxvii. 3]. (TA.) A2: 'Omar, being asked respecting [the discharge termed] المَذْى, answered, It is الفَطْرُ: (O, K:) thus as related by A 'Obeyd: (TA:) it is said that he likened it, in respect of its paucity, to what is drawn from the udder by means of the milking termed الفَطْرُ: (O, K:) or, as some say, it is from تَفَطَّرَتْ قَدَمَاهُ دَمًا [expl. above]: (TA:) or he likened its coming forth from the orifice of the ذَكَر to the coming forth of the نَاب of the camel: or, as it is related by En-Nadr, he said ↓ الفُطْرُ, with damm: meaning the milk that appears upon the orifice of the teat of the udder. (O, K.) فُطْرٌ Such as has broken forth [with buds or leaves] (مَا تَفَطَّرَ), of plants. (TA.) See also فِطْرٌ. b2: And, (S, K,) as also ↓ فُطُرٌ, (K,) the latter used in poetry, (TA,) [The toadstool;] a species of كَمْأَة [or fungus], (S, K,) white and large, (S,) and deadly: (K:) [so called] because the ground cleaves asunder from it: (TA:) n. un. فُطْرَةٌ. (S.) [Also applied in the present day to The common mushroom; agariens campestris. And Any fungus.]

A2: [Also, the former, Immaturity, or want of leaven, in dough:] see the explanation of فَطَرَتِ المَرْأَةُ العَجِينَ.

A3: And فُطْرٌ and ↓ فُطُرٌ signify also Somewhat of that which remains of milk [in the udder], which is then milked: (L, K:) or a small quantity of milk when it is milked: (TA:) or milk at the time when it is milked. (AA, TA.) See also فَطْرٌ, last sentence.

فِطْرٌ Grapes when the heads thereof appear; (K, TA;) [so called] because the [fruit-] stalks [then] break forth (تَنْفَطِرُ); (TA;) as also ↓ فُطْرٌ. (K, TA.) A2: Also a subst. from أَفْطَرَ; (S;) [as such] it signifies The breaking of a fast; contr. of صَوْمٌ. (TA.) [Hence, عِيدُ الفِطْرِ The festival of the breaking of the fast, immediately after Rama-dán; sometimes called الفِطْرُ alone.] ↓ الفِطْرَةُ means صَدَقَةُ الفِطْرِ [The alms of the breaking of the fast], (O, K, TA,) which is a صَاع [q. v.] of wheat: the prefixed noun (صدقه) is rejected, and ة is affixed to its complement (الفطر) to indicate that such has been done: but it is a word used by the lawyers; not of the classical language. (TA.) A3: See also مُفْطِرٌ.

فُطُرٌ: see فُطْرٌ, in two places.

فِطْرَةٌ Creation: (Msb:) the causing a thing to exist, producing it, or bringing it into existence, newly, for the first time; originating it. (TA.) b2: The natural constitution with which a child is created in his mother's womb; (AHeyth, K;) i. q. خِلْقَةٌ. (S, Mgh.) It is said to have this signification in the Kur xxx. 29. (TA.) And so in the saying of Mohammad, كُلُّ مَوْلُودٍ يُولَدُ عَلَى

الفِطْرَةِ Every infant is born in a state of conformity to the natural constitution with which he is created in his mother's womb, either prosperous or unprosperous [in relation to the soul]; and if his parents are Jews, they make him a Jew, with respect to his worldly predicament; [i. e., with respect to inheritances &c.;] and if Christians, they make him a Christian, with respect to that predicament; and if Magians, they make him a Magian, with respect to that predicament; his predicament is the same as that of his parents until his tongue speaks for him: but if he die before his attaining to the age when virility begins to show itself, he dies in a state of conformity to his preceding natural constitution, with which he was created in his mother's womb. (AHeyth, TA.) [See another explanation of the word, as occurring in this trad., below.] b3: Nature; constitution; or natural, native, innate, or original, disposition, or temper or other quality or property; idiosyncrasy. (Th, TA.) b4: The faculty of knowing God, with which He has created mankind: (TA:) the natural constitution with which a child is created in his mother's womb, whereby he is capable of accepting the religion of truth: this is a secondary application: and this is [said to be] the signification meant in the trad. mentioned above. (Mgh.) b5: Hence, The religion of el-Islám: (Mgh:) the profession whereby a man becomes a Muslim, which is the declaration that there is no deity but God, and that Mohammad is his servant and his apostle, who brought the truth from Him, and this is (AHeyth, TA) religion. (AHeyth, K, TA.) This is shown by a trad., in which it is related that Mohammad taught a man to repeat certain words when lying down to sleep, and said فَإِنَّكَ إِنْ مُتَّ مِنْ لَيْلَتِكَ مُتَّ عَلَى الفِطْرَةِ [And then, if thou die that same night, thou diest in the profession of the true religion]. (AHeyth, TA.) Also by the saying, قَصُّ الأَظْفَارِ مِنَ الفِطْرَةِ The paring of the nails is [a point] of the religion of el-Islám. (Mgh.) b6: Also i. q. سُنَّةٌ [app. meaning The way, course, mode, or manner, of acting, or conduct, or the like, pursued, and prescribed to be followed, by Mohammad]. (TA.) b7: In the Kur xxx. 29, accord. to some, The covenant received, or accepted, from Adam and his posterity. (Bd.) b8: The pl. is فِطَرَاتٌ and فِطْرَاتٌ and فِطِرَاتٌ. (TA.) A2: See also فِطْرٌ.

الإِيمَانُ الفِطْرِىُّ [The faith to which one is disposed by the natural constitution with which he is created]. (Msb.) فُطَارٌ A sword having in it cracks; (S, Z, O, K;) and (K) that will not cut: (IAar, O, K:) or recently made. (TA.) فَطُورٌ (S, Msb, K) and ↓ فَطُورِىٌّ, (S, K,) as though the latter were a rel. n. from the former, (S,) A breakfast; a thing [i. e. food or beverage] upon which one breaks his fast. (S, Msb, K.) فَطِيرٌ Dough unleavened; or not left until it has become good [or mature]; contr. of خَمِيرٌ: (S, TA:) and in like manner clay, or mud. (TA.) [Hence,] عِيدُ الفَطِيرِ [The feast of unleavened bread; also called, of the Passover;] a festival of the Jews, [commencing] on the fifteenth day of their month نِيسَان, and lasting seven days. (Msb. [See also الفِصْحُ.]) b2: Anything prepared, made, or done, hastily, or hurried, so as to prevent its becoming mature: (Lth, S, K:) fresh; recent; newly made: (S, TA:) pl. فَطْرَى: (Sgh, IAth, TA:) for أَطْعَمَهُ فَطْرَى, in the K, expl. as meaning [He fed him] with فَطِير, is a gross mistake, a mistranscription of أَطْعِمَةٌ فَطْرَى, as the phrase stands in the handwriting of Sgh himself, in wellformed letters, and with the syll. signs, meaning meats [newly prepared, &c.]. (TA.) You say عِنْدِى خُبْزٌ خَمِيرٌ وَحَيْسٌ فَطِيرٌ [I have leavened bread, and] fresh, recent, or newly made, حيس [q. v.]. (S, TA.) You say also إِيَّاكَ وَالرَّأْىَ الفَطِيرُ (tropical:) Beware thou of a hastily formed, immature, opinion. (S.) And شَرُّ الرَّأْىِ الفَطِيرُ (tropical:) [The worst opinion is the hastily formed, and immature]. (TA.) b3: A skin not saturated with the tanning liquid: or not put therein: (TA:) a whip not tanned: not softly tanned: (TA:) or not newly tanned. (L.) A2: Also A calamity; syn. دَاهِيَةٌ. (O, K, TA.) فَطُورَةٌ: see what next follows.

فَطِيرَةٌ and ↓ فَطُورَةٌ A sheep, or goat, that is slaughtered on the day of [the festival of] the فِطْر: (K, TA:) mentioned by Sgh, and in the B. (TA.) فُطَارِىٌّ A man possessing neither good nor evil; (IAar, O, K, * TA;) such as is termed فَدْم [impotent in speech or actions, heavy, or dull; &c.]: (TA:) from فُطَارٌ applied to a sword, meaning that will not cut. (IAar, O, TA. *) فَطُورِىٌّ: see فَطُورٌ.

فَاطِرٌ A camel whose نَاب [or tush] is coming forth, (S,) or cleaving the flesh and coming forth. (TA.) A2: فَاطِرُ السَّمٰوَاتِ وَالأَرْضِ [in the Kur xlii.

9, &c.,] means The Originater [or Creator] of the heavens and of the earth. (I'Ab, S, * TA.) See 1.

فُوطِيرٌ a subst. for الجِمَاع, in Syriac. (TA.) أُفْطُورٌ, and the pl. أَفَاطِيرُ: see the next paragraph.

تَفَاطِيرُ, a word similar to تَعَاشِيبُ and تَعَاجِيبُ and تَبَاشِيرُ [q. v.], none of which four words has a sing., Pimples that come forth in the face of a boy or young man, and of a girl or young woman; as also ↓ نَفَاطِيرُ: thus correctly, with ت and ن: the author of the K, following Sgh [in the O], says that ↓ أَفَاطِيرُ is the pl. of ↓ أُفْطُورٌ, and signifies a cracking, or chapping, in the nose of a young man, and in his face. (TA.) b2: Also, thus correctly, with ت, The first of [the herbage of the rain called] the وَسْمِىّ [q. v.]; and in this sense also it has no sing.: but it is said in the K that ↓ نَفَاطِيرُ is pl. of ↓ نُفْطُورَةٌ, with ن; [in the O, that it is pl. of ↓ نُفْطُورٌ;] and [in both] that it signifies scattered herbage; (TA;) and Lh says, as is stated by AHn, that مِنْ عُشْبٍ ↓ نَفَاطِيرُ means small quantities of herbage in land: (O, TA:) it is also added in the K, in explanation of ↓ نَفَاطِيرُ, or it signifies the first herbage of [the rain called] the وَسْمِىّ: (TA:) [and it is said that] تَفَاطِيرُ نَبَاتٍ signifies what break forth of, or from, plants, or herbage. (TA voce تَبَاشِيرُ.) مُفْطِرٌ A man breaking his fast; eating and drinking after fasting: (S, * Msb, * K, TA:) pl. مَفَاطِيرُ, (Sb, S, Msb, K,) like as مَيَاسِيرُ is pl. of مُوسِرٌ, (S,) and مَفَالِيسُ of مُفْلِسٌ: (Msb:) and ↓ فِطْرٌ signifies the same, as sing. and pl., (S, Msb, K,) being originally an inf. n. (S, Msb.) مُنْفَطِرٌ is used in the Kur [lxxiii. 18], in the phrase السَّمَآءُ مُنْفَطِرٌ بِهِ [The heaven shall be with rents by reason of it], in the manner of a possessive noun, [not as an act. part. n.,] like مُعْضِلٌ in the phrase دَجَاجَةٌ مُعْضِلٌ. (TA.) نُفْطُورٌ and نُفْطُورَةٌ, and the pl. نَفَاطِيرُ: see تفاطير, in six places.

حدب

1 حَدِبَ, aor. ـَ inf. n. حَدَبٌ; (S, * A, Mgh, * Msb, K;) and ↓ احدبّ, and ↓ تحادب, (K,) and ↓ احدودب; (S, K;) He (a man, Msb) was, or became, humpbaked; (Mgh, Msb;) he had a prominent, or protuberant, back, and a hollow, or receding, chest (A, * K) and belly: (K:) [accord. to the Msb, from حَدَبٌ signifying “ elevated ground; ” but the reverse is indicated in the A:] and it (the back) was, or became, humped, or protuberant; (S, A; *) as also ↓ انحدب. (KL.) b2: And the first, (assumed tropical:) It (a thing) rose, or grew up or out, high: (KL:) [it was, or became, gibbous, or convex; as also ↓ احدودب.] b3: حَدِبَ عَليْهِ, (S, A, K,) inf. n. as above; (KL, TA;) and ↓ تحدّب; (S, A, K;) (tropical:) He was, or became, affectionate, favourable, or kind, to him. (S, A, * K, KL, TA.) And حَدِبَتْ عَلَى وَلَدِهَا, (K, * TA,) inf. n. as above; (TA;) and ↓ تحدّبت; (K;) (tropical:) She (a woman) applied herself constantly to the care of her child, or children, after the loss of her husband, not marrying again. (K, TA.) A2: حَدَبَ عَنْهُ, aor. ـِ inf. n. حَدْبٌ, He repelled from him, and defended him. (MF, TA.) 2 تَحْدِيبٌ [inf. n. of حدّب] The act of elevating, or raising high, the back. (KL.) b2: [And, accord. to Golius, as on the authority of the KL, The making a thing gibbous, or convex: but this meaning which the word has in the present day, I do not find in my copy of the KL.]4 احدبهُ He (God) rendered him humpbacked. (S.) b2: (assumed tropical:) He, or it, rendered him affectionate, favourable, or kind. (KL.) 5 تَحَدَّبَ see 1, in two places. b2: تحدّب بِهِ He, or it, clung, or clave, to it. (K, TA.) 6 تَحَاْدَبَ see 1.7 إِنْحَدَبَ see 1.9 إِحْدَبَّ see 1.12 إِحْدَوْدَبَ see 1, in two places. b2: Also (assumed tropical:) It (sand) was, or became, curved, or winding; or curved, or winding, and long. (K.) حَدَبٌ (tropical:) High, or elevated, ground; so in the Kur xxi. 96; (S, A, Msb;) as also ↓ حَدَبَةٌ; and so حَدَبٌ مِنَ الأَرْضِ: (A:) or rugged and high ground: (T, K:) pl. حِدَابٌ (S) [and app., accord. to the TA, أَحْدَابٌ also, a pl. of pauc.]. and حَدَبُ الرَّمْلِ (tropical:) Sand brought by the wind, [or blown together,] and elevated. (A, TA.) and hence, as being likened to such sand, (IAar, TA,) حَدَبُ البُهْمَى (tropical:) What is scattered, and heaped up, of [the species of barley-grass called] بهمى. (IAar, K, TA.) And حَدَبُ المَآءِ (assumed tropical:) The elevated waves of water: (T, TA:) or the rolling over of water, volume over volume: (K, TA:) or the rolling of water in waves. (TA.) And حَدَبُ الغَدِيرِ (assumed tropical:) The motion and waves of the pool of water left by a torrent. (IAar, TA.) And حَدَبُ السَّيْل (tropical:) The rise, or swell, and abundance, of the torrent. (A, TA.) b2: (assumed tropical:) A slope in a declivity; expl. by حَدُورٌ فِى صَبَبٍ, as in the correct copies of the K, and in the L; in some copies of the K حدوب; (TA;) [in the CK حُدُورٌ;] as the حَدَب of waves (in some copies of the K, of the wind, TA, [an evident mistranscription, الريح for الموج,]) and of sand. (K.) b3: (assumed tropical:) A mark left upon the skin; (As, K;) such as the [weal or] swelling and thickness produced by beating. (As, TA.) b4: (tropical:) The intenseness of the cold of winter. (A, K.) A2: A certain plant: or the [plant called] نَصِىّ. (K.) حَدِبٌ: see أَحْدَبُ. b2: Also (tropical:) Affectionate, favourable, or kind. (A, TA.) You say, هُوَ حَدِبٌ عَلَى أَخِيهِ (tropical:) He is affectionate, &c., to his brother. (A.) A2: أَرْضٌ حَدِبَةٌ A land abounding with the plant called حَدَب. (K.) حَذَبَةٌ A hump on the back. (Az, S, A, Mgh.) b2: See also حَدَبٌ.

حَدَابِ, like قَطَامِ, (K,) indecl., (TA,) (assumed tropical:) A year of drought, barrenness, or dearth: (K:) or a year of severe drought. (TA.) حُدَيْبَآءُ: see what next follows.

أَحْدَبُ Humpbacked; (S, Mgh, Msb;) having a prominent, or protuberant, back, and a hollow, or receding, chest and belly; (K;) and ↓ حَدِبٌ signifies the same: (Sb, S, K:) fem. of the former حَدْبَآءُ: (Msb:) and pl. حُدْبٌ. (Msb, TA.) اِبْنَةٌ

↓ حُدَيْبَآءُ (dim. of حَدْبَآءُ), meaning A little humpbacked daughter, occurs in a trad. (TA.) b2: Hence, آلَةٌ حَدْبَآءُ, (see a verse of Kaab Ibn-Zuheyr, voce آلَةٌ, in art. اول,) (assumed tropical:) A gibbous bier: (A, * TA:) or (as used in that verse) it means a distressing state, or condition: or an elevated apparatus. (TA.) And رَمْلَةٌ حَدْبَآءُ (assumed tropical:) [A gibbous tract of sand]. (ISh, K in art. دبح, &c.) And نَاقَةٌ حَدْبَآءُ, (S, A,) or دَابَّةٌ حدبَآءُ, (K,) (tropical:) A she-camel, (S, A,) or a beast, (K,) the prominent parts of whose hips, (S, A, K,) and the bone of whose back, (TA,) appear, (S, A, K,) by reason of her leanness. (A, TA.) And حَدْبَآءُ حِدْبِيرٌ and حِــدْبَارٌ are expressions used in the same sense: (L, TA:) pl. حُدْبٌ حَدَابِيرُ. (S, L, TA.) b3: الأَحْدَبُ is the name of A vein (عِرْق) penetrating into, or lying within, the bone (عَظْمَ [app. a mistranscription for عَظَمَة the upper portion]) of the fore-arm. (K.) b4: أَمْرٌ أَحْدَبُ (A) and خُطَّةٌ حَدْبَآءُ (A, TA) (tropical:) A difficult affair: (A, TA:) and أُمُورٌ حُدْبٌ (A, TA) and حُدْبُ الأُمُورِ (K) (tropical:) difficult affairs; (A, K, TA;) sing. حَدْبَآءُ [for خُطَّةٌ حَدْبَآءُ or the like]. (K.) And سَنَةٌ حَدْبَآءُ (tropical:) A severe, cold year. (A, TA.) [Hence,] وَسِيقٌ أَحْدَبُ (assumed tropical:) A quick driving. (TA.) b5: [Hence, also,] الأَحْدَبُ [used as a subst.] (assumed tropical:) Vehemence, severity, difficulty, or distress; syn. الشِّدَّةُ. (K.) A2: [Also (assumed tropical:) More, and most, affectionate, favourable, or kind.] أَحْدَبُهُمْ عَلَى

المُسْلِمِينَ, said of Aboo-Bekr, in a trad. of 'Alee, means (assumed tropical:) The most affectionate, favourable, or kind, of them, to the Muslims. (TA.)

حير

1 حَارَ, [sec. Pers\. حِرْتَ,] aor. ـَ (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K,) and some say يَحِيرُ, but this is a mistake, (MF,) inf. n. حَيْرَةٌ (S, A, Mgh, K) and حَيَرٌ (S, Msb, K) and حَيْرٌ and حَيَرَانٌ, (K,) He was, or became, dazzled by a thing at which he looked, (T, Msb, K,) so that he turned away his eyes from it: this is the primary signification: (T, Msb:) and so ↓ تحيّر (A, * Mgh, * K) and ↓ استحار, (K,) and حاربَصَرُهُ (A, * TA) and بصره ↓ تحيّر. (Mgh, and S and A and K in art. قمر, &c.) b2: And hence, (T, Msb,) He was, or became, confounded, or perplexed, and unable to see his right course; (T, Msb, K, * TA;) as also ↓ تحيّر (Msb, K) and ↓ استحار. (K.) And حار, (S, A,) or حار فِى أَمْرِهِ, (Msb,) i. q. فى امره ↓ تحيّر [He was, or became, confounded, &c., in his affair, or case]. (S, A.) And [حار (see its part. n. حَائِرٌ) and] ↓ تحيّر [and ↓ استحار] He erred, or lost his way. (TA.) b3: Also, said of water, (A, Msb, K,) and ↓ تحيّر (S, A, K) and ↓ استحار, (A, K,) (tropical:) It became collected, (S, A, K,) and stayed, (A,) or went round, (S, K, *) or went to and fro, or fluctuated, (Msb, K,) in a place, as though it knew not which way to run. (A.) b4: See also 5.2 حيّرهُ He, or it, caused him to become confounded, or perplexed, and unable to see his right course. (S, * Msb, KL.) b2: [Accord. to Golius, as on the authority of the KL, حيّر, said of water, means (assumed tropical:) It was whirled round in an eddy: but to have this meaning, which I do not find in my copy of the KL, the verb should be حُيِّرَ.]4 احار [He, or it, caused a thing to descend easily down the throat: or it transmitted food to the stomach: see 10: and see also 4 in art. حور]. (S and K voce مِشْفَرٌ, q. v.) 5 تحيّر: see 1, in six places. b2: Also (tropical:) It (a cloud) continued without motion, pouring forth its rain, and not being driven by the wind: (IAar:) or went not in any direction: (K:) [and so ↓ استحار: see مُتَحَيِّرٌ.] b3: Also (assumed tropical:) It continued; said of time; (TA;) and in like manner it is said of a man. (MF.) And بِهِ ↓ حِيرُوا [if not a mistranscription for تَحَيَّرُوا] occurs as meaning (assumed tropical:) Remain ye therein; referring to a place. (TA.) And بِمَكَانٍ ↓ استحار (assumed tropical:) He alighted and abode some days in a place. (TA.) b4: تحيّر بِالمَآءَ (tropical:) It (a place, S, K, and land, TA) became full of water; as also ↓ استحار. (S, K, TA.) b5: تحيّرت الجَفْنَةُ (tropical:) The bowl became full of grease and food; (K, TA;) like as a watering-trough or tank becomes full of water. (TA.) b6: See also what follows.10 إِسْتَحْيَرَ see 1, in four places: b2: and 5, in three places. b3: استحار الشَّبَابُ (S, IB, A, K) and ↓ تحيّر (K) (tropical:) The sap [or vigour] of youth (مَآءُ الشَّبَابِ) flowed: (IB:) or became complete, and filled the body of a woman: (A:) or completely occupied the body: (K:) or filled it to the utmost: (TA:) or collected, and flowed to and fro, in the body of a woman. (As, S.) A2: اسْتُحِيرَ الشَّرَابُ The beverage, or wine, was made to descend easily down the throat. (S.) حَيْرٌ [An enclosure] like a حَظِيرَة: or a place of pasturage in which it is prohibited to the public to pasture their beasts. (S, K.) b2: See also حَائِرٌ.

A2: حَيْرَمَا [erroneously written by Golius حَارَمَا] i. q. رُبَّمَا. (K.) إِنَّهُ فِى حِيرَ بِيرَ and حِيرٍ بِيرٍ, like حُورٍ بُورٍ; (K;) i. e. Verily he is in a bad state, and a state of perdition: or in error. (TA.) [See also art. حور.]

حَيَرٌ: see what next follows.

حِيَرٌ (IAar, K) and ↓ حَيَرٌ (IB, K) Much property, or many cattle; and a numerous family: (K:) and أَنْعَامٌ حِيَرَاتٌ many cattle. (TA.) كَانَ حِيَرًا [app. for كان ذَا حِيَرٍ] is expl. by Th as meaning He was a possessor of much property, and of a numerous household and family. (TA.) b2: حِيَرَ دَهْرٍ: see حَيْرِىَّ الدَّهْرِ.

حَارَةٌ: see art. حور.

أَصْبَحَتِ الأَرْضُ حَيْرَةً The land became green with plants or herbage, (K,) by reason of much collecting and continuance of water therein. (TA.) حَارِىٌّ Made in the town of El-Heereh: applied to a sword, and a camel's saddle. (TA.) and A kind of leathern housings, made in El-Heereh, with which camels' saddles are ornamented. (TA.) A2: حَارِىَّ دَهْرٍ and حَارِىَّ الدَّهْرِ: see what next follows.

لَا آتِيهِ حَيْرِىَّ الدَّهْرِ (Ibn-'Omar, * Sh, * K) and حِيرِىَّ الدَّهْرِ (Sb, Akh, IAar, K) and حِيرِىَّ دَهْرٍ, (S,) or حِيرِى دَهْرٍ, (CK,) or حَيْرِى دَهْرٍ, (K, TA,) with the last letter quiescent, (K,) and حَيْرِىَ دَهْرٍ, or حِيرِىَ دَهْرٍ, (accord. to different copies of the K,) and دَهْرٍ ↓ حَارِىَّ (ISh, K) and الدَّهْرِ ↓ حَارِىَّ (ISh) and دَهْرٍ ↓ حِيَرَ, (IAar, K,) (tropical:) [I will not come to him, or it, or I will not do it,] while time lasts; (A, * K, * TA;) or ever: (ISh, K:) or it may mean while time returns; from حَارَ of which the aor. is يَحُورُ. (A, TA.) Also حَيْرِىَّ الدَّهْرِ, or حِيرِىَّ الدَّهْرِ, (tropical:) For an incalculable period of time. (Ibn-'Omar, Sh, IAth.) حَيْرَانُ (T, S, A, K) and ↓ حَائِرٌ (T, A, K) and ↓ مُتَحَيِّرٌ (TA) A man in a state of confusion, or perplexity, and unable to see his right course: (K, * TA:) erring; having lost his way: (T, TA:) fem. [of the first] حَيْرَى (Lh, T) and حَيْرَآءُ: (A, K:) and pl. [of the same] حَيَارَى (S, A, K) and حُيَارَى (K) and حَيْرَى, like the fem. sing. (Lh.) You say, لَا تَفْعَلْ ذٰلِكَ أُمُّكَ حَيْرَى [Do not thou that: may thy mother become in a state of confusion, &c.]: and لَا تَفْعَلُوا ذٰلِكَ أُمَّهَاتُكُمْ حَيْرَى

[Do not ye that: may your mothers become &c.]. (Lh.) And بَائِرٌ ↓ رَجُلٌ حَائِرٌ A man who does not apply himself rightly to an affair; (S, TA;) who knows not the right course to pursue in his affair; as also فِى أَمْرِهِ ↓ مُتَحَيِّرٌ. (TA. [See also the same phrase in art. حور.]) b2: [رَوْضةٌ حَيْرَى is (tropical:) A meadow full of water. (TA.) b3: [حَيْرَى is also applied as an epithet to the midday sun of summer: see a verse cited in the second paragraph of art. دوم.]

حَيِّرٌ: see مُتَحَيِّرٌ.

حَائِرٌ: see حَيْرَانُ, in two places. b2: Also (tropical:) A place in which water collects (S, K, TA) and goes to and fro: (TA:) a watering-trough, or tank, to which a stream of rain-water flows: (K:) or what resembles a watering-trough, or tank, in which the rain-water collects and remains: (A:) a depressed place (K, TA) in which water collects and remains, or goes round, or goes to and fro, not passing forth from it: (TA:) or a place in the ground depressed in the middle and having elevated edges or borders, (AHn, TA,) in which is water: (TA voce يَعْبُوبٌ:) and hence, (TA,) a garden; as also ↓ حَيْرٌ; (K;) which is the form used by most persons, and by the vulgar; like as they say عَيْشةُ for عَائِشَةُ: or this form is wrong: it is disallowed by AHn, notwithstanding its being mentioned by A 'Obeyd; but he mentions it only in one place, and it is not found in every copy of his work: (ISd:) pl. حِيرَانٌ (S, A, K) and حُورَانٌ. (S, K.) Hassán Ibn-Thábit uses the phrase حَائِرُ البَحْرِ [in a verse which I have cited in the first paragraph of art. رب, app. as meaning (assumed tropical:) The depth of the sea; or part of the sea in which is a confluence of the water, and where it goes round, or to and fro]. (TA.) A2: Also Grease; oily animal matter, that flows from flesh or fat. (K.) أَحْيَرُ مِنْ ضَبٍّ, and مِنْ وَرَلٍ, [More confounded, or perplexed, and unable to see his right course, than a dabb, and than a waral,] are two proverbs; (Meyd;) accord. to Hamzeh El-Isfahánee, said because the dabb, [a kind of lizard, as is also the waral,] when it quits its hole, is confounded, and cannot find the right way to to it; and the like is said of the waral. (Har p. 166.) مُتَحَيِّرٌ: see حَيْرَانُ, in two places. b2: الَكَواكِبُ المُتَحَيِّرَةُ (assumed tropical:) [The erratic stars; i. e. the planets;] the stars that [at one time appear to] retrograde and [at another time to] pursue a direct [and forward] course; also called الخُنَّسُ. (S in art. خنس.) b3: سَحَابٌ مُتَحَيِّرٌ (assumed tropical:) Clouds continuing without motion, pouring forth rain, and not driven by the wind: (IAar:) and ↓ مُسْتَحِيرٌ (assumed tropical:) clouds (سحاب) heavy, and moving to and fro, (S, K) not having any wind to drive them along: (S:) and ↓ حَيِّرٌ (tropical:) clouds, or clouds covering the sky, syn. غَيْمٌ, (Az, K, TA,) rising with rain, and continuing without motion, or moving to and fro, but remaining, in the sky: (Az, TA:) or this last signifies (tropical:) clouds (سحاب) raining, and continuing without motion, or moving to and fro, but remaining in the sky. (A, TA.) b4: See also what follows, in two places.

مُسْتَحِيرٌ A way leading across a desert, of which the place of egress is not known. (K.) b2: (assumed tropical:) Anything (TA) continuing endlessly: (IAar, TA:) or hardly, or never, ending; as also ↓ مُتَحَيِّرٌ. (Sh, TA.) See also this latter word.

A2: جَفْنَةٌ مُسْتَحِيرَةٌ (tropical:) A full bowl: (A:) or (assumed tropical:) a bowl containing much grease. (K.) And ↓ مَرَقَةٌ مُتَحَيِّرِةٌ (assumed tropical:) Broth containing much grease. (TA.)