توج

2 توّجهُ He crowned him; invested him with the crown. (S, A, Msb, * K.) b2: He made him a prince, lord, or chief. (Msb, * TA.) b3: (assumed tropical:) He turbaned him; invested him with the turban. (TA.) 5 تتوّج He was, or became, crowned, or invested with the crown. (S, A, K.) [For the verb تَاجَ, in this or a similar sense, mentioned in the Lexicons of Golius and Freytag, in the former as from the K, I find no authority: on the contrary, it is said in the TA that no verb answering to تَائِجٌ has been heard.] b2: He was made, or became, a prince, lord, or chief. (TA.) b3: (assumed tropical:) He was, or became, turbaned, or invested with the turban. (TA.) تَاجٌ A crown; (S, A, K, TA;) i. e. a thing that is made for kings, of gold and jewels; (TA;) peculiar to the عَجَم [or Persians and other foreigners]: (Msb:) [a Persian word:] pl. [of mult.] تِيجَانٌ (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K) and [of pauc.]

أَتْوَاجٌ. (TA.) b2: (assumed tropical:) A turban; as being likened to a crown. (TA.) It is said in a trad., (TA,) العَمَائِمُ تِيجَانُ العَرَبِ [Turbans are the crowns of the Arabs]; (S, TA;) i. e. turbans are to the Arabs as crowns to the kings; for the Arabs in the deserts are [or were] mostly bare-headed or wearing قَلَانِس [pl. of قَلَنْسُوَةٌ, q. v.]; turbans among them being few. (TA.) b3: Also Silver. (TA.) [See what next follows.]

تَاجَةٌ An ingot of purified silver: originally تَازَهْ, a Persian word, applied to a dirhem recently coined. (TA.) تَائِجٌ Having a تَاج [i. e. crown, or (assumed tropical:) turban]; an epithet applied to an إِمَام: (K:) it is a possessive epithet, like دَارِعٌ, for we have not heard any verb answering to it. (TA.) مُتَوَّجٌ Crowned; applied to a king: (A, TA:) (assumed tropical:) made a prince, lord, or chief: (assumed tropical:) turbaned. (TA.) مَتَاوِجُ [a pl. of which the sing. is not mentioned,] occurring in the saying of Jendel Er-Rá'ee, وَهُنَّ يَعْمِينَ مِنَ المَلَامِجِ بِقَرِدٍ مُخْرَنْطِمِ المَتَاوِجِ signifies [properly The parts of the head] where one is crowned (حَيْثُ يُتَتَوَّجُ) with the turban: (K,* TA:) [but it is evidently here used in a tropical manner; the poet is speaking of she-camels:] the ملامج are the mouths; [or the parts around the mouths;] and the قَرِد, a word like كَتِف, is the accumulated foam which the camel casts forth from his mouth. (TA.) [It seems that the poet means, And they cast forth, from the parts around the mouth, accumulated foam, elongated in the extremities: مُخْرَنْطِم being app. syn. with مُخَرْطَم, as meaning “ elongated like a خُرْطُوم,” or “ snout. ”]

وسم

1 وَسَمَ الثَّوْبَ [He marked, or put a mark on, the garment, &c.]; said of a trader, or dealer. (JK in art. رقم.) b2: وَسَمَهُ بِالهِجَآءِ [He branded him, or stigmatized him, with satire]. (TA.) See a hemistich cited voce شَكِىٌّ. b3: وَسَمَهُ He marked it [in any manner]. (Msb.) b4: وَسَمَهُ بِالقَوْلِ (tropical:) He stigmatized him, or set a mark upon him whereby he should be known, by something said. (TA in art. علظ.) b5: وَسَمْتُ الكِتَابَ [I put a superscription, or title, to the book, or writing.] (TA in art. عنو.) b6: وَسُمَ, inf. n. وَسَامَةٌ (S, Msb, K) and وَسَامٌ, (S, K,) He (a man, S) was beautiful in face: (S, Msb:) or bore the impress, or stamp, of beauty. (K.) 5 تَوَسَّمْتُ فِيهِ الخَبْرَ i. q.

تَفَرَّسْتُهُ; (S;) [I discovered, or perceived, in him good, or goodness, by right opinion formed from its outward signs;] originally, I knew its real existence in him by its outward sign. (MF.) See also Har, pp. 30, 46, 76. b2: تَوَسَّمَ He examined deliberately in order to know the real state or character of a thing by the external sign thereof. (Bd, xv.

75.) b3: He perceived a thing by forming a correct opinion from its outward signs. (TK.) سِمَةٌ A brand, or mark or figure made with a hot iron, upon an animal. (K.) And i. q. عَلَامَةٌ [A mark, sign, badge, token, symptom, &c.]. (Msb.) And The عُلْوَان [or title] of a book or writing. (TA in art. علو.) See also سِيمَةٌ and سِيمَى in art. سوم.

وَسِْمَةٌ [now applied to Woad]: i. q. عِظْلِمٌ, with which one tinges or dyes [the hands, &c.]: (S:) a certain plant, with the leaves of which one tinges or dyes [the hands, &c.]; and said to be the عِظْلِم: (Msb:) the leaves of the نِيل [or indigo-plant]: or a plant [of another species (TA)] with the leaves of which one tinges or dyes [the hands, &c.] (K.) الوَسْمِىُّ

: on the rain thus called, see نَوْءٌ.

مَوْسِمٌ [A periodical festival: a fair:] i. q. عِيدٌ. (Msb, art. عود.) b2: مَوْسِمُ الحَاجِّ The fair, and place of meeting, of the pilgrims. (Mgh.) مِيسَمٌ A brand, or mark made with a hot iron. (TA, voce خِدَادٌ.) b2: [Originally] A branding, or cauterizing, instrument [or iron]; (S, K;) a marking instrument. (Msb.) b3: An impress, or a character, of beauty. (S, K.) See an ex. in a verse cited voce أَثِمَ.

زلم

1 زَلَمَ, (aor.

زَلُمَ, inf. n. زَلْمٌ, TK,) He cut off one's nose [and app. anything projecting, or prominent: see 2: and see also 8]. (ISh, K.) b2: (assumed tropical:) He made his gift little, or small, in quantity or amount; (S, K;) [as though he cut off something from it;] in [some of the copies of] the S, [but not so in mine,] ↓ زلّم. (TA.) b3: He filled (S, K) a water-ing-trough, or tank, (S,) or a vessel; (K;) as also ↓ زلّم, inf. n. تَزْلِيمٌ. (AHn, K.) 2 زلّم السَّهْمَ, (S, K, *) inf. n. تَزْلِيمٌ, (K,) He cut [or pared] the arrow, and made its proportion or conformation, and its workmanship, good: (S:) [he shaped it well:] or he made it even and supple. (K.) And زُلِّمَ is said of anything as meaning Its edges were pared off. (TA.) [Hence,] زلّم الرَّحَى He made the mill-stone round, and took from its edges. (K.) Dhu-r-Rummeh says, كَأَرْحَآءِ رَقْدٍ زَلَّمَتْهَا المَنَاقِرُ [Like the mill-stones of Rakd (a mountain so called) which the picks have rounded by taking from their edges]: he likens the foot of the camel to a mill-stone from the edges of which the مَعَاوِل have taken, (S, TA,) and which they have made even. (TA.) And زَلَّمْتُ الحَجَرَ signifies I cut the stone, and prepared it properly for a millstone. (TA.) b2: See also 1, in two places. b3: زلّم غِذَآءَهُ (assumed tropical:) He made his food, or nutriment, bad, [i. e. fed him ill,] (K, TA,) so that his body became small. (TA.) 8 اِزْدَلَمَ He cut off one's head. (ISh, K.) And He extirpated one's nose. (K.) زَلْمٌ or زُلْمٌ, whence the phrase هُوَ العَبْدُ زَلْمًا: see زَلْمَة.

زَلَمٌ and ↓ زُلَمٌ An arrow without a head and without feathers: pl. أَزْلَامٌ: (S, Mgh, Msb, K:) which was applied to those [divining-] arrows by means of which the Arabs in the Time of Ignorance sought to know what was allotted to them: (S, K:) they were arrows upon which the Arabs in the Time of Ignorance wrote “ Command ” and “ Prohibition; ” (Mgh, Msb;) or upon some of which was written “ My Lord hath commanded me; ” and upon some, “My Lord hath forbidden me; ” (Har p. 465;) or they were three arrows; upon one of which was written “ My Lord hath commanded me; ” and upon another, “My Lord hath forbidden me; ” and the third was blank; (Bd in v. 4;) and they put them in a receptacle, (Mgh, Msb,) and when any one of them desired to make a journey, or to accomplish a want, (Mgh,) or when he desired to perform some affair, (Msb,) he put his hand into that receptacle, (Mgh, Msb,) and took forth an arrow; (Msb;) and if the arrow upon which was “ Command ” [or “ My Lord hath commanded me ” (Har ubi suprà)] came forth, he went to accomplish his purpose; but if that upon which was “ Prohibition ” [or “ My Lord hath forbidden me ” (Har)] came forth, he refrained; (Mgh, Msb;) and if the blank came forth, they shuffled them a second time: (Bd ubi suprà:) or, as some say, the ازلام were white pebbles, upon which they thus wrote, and by means of which they sought to know what was allotted to them in the manner expl. above: (Har ubi suprà:) or, accord. to Az, the ازلام [were arrows that] belonged to Kureysh, in the Time of Ignorance, upon which were written “ He hath commanded ” and “ He hath forbidden,” and “ Do thou ” and “ Do thou not; ” they had been well shaped (زُلِّمَتْ) and made even, and placed in the Kaabeh, the ministers of the House taking care of them; and when a man desired to go on a journey, or to marry, he came to the minister, and said, “Take thou forth for me a زلم; ” and thereupon he would take it forth, and look at it; and if the arrow of command came forth, he went to accomplish that which he had purposed to do; but if the arrow of prohibition came forth, he refrained from that which he desired to do: [it is said that] there were seven of the arrows thus called with the minister of the Kaabeh, having marks upon them, and used for this purpose: (Jel in v. 4:) and sometimes there were with the man two such arrows, which he put into his sword-case; and when he desired to seek the knowledge of what was allotted to him, he took forth one of them. (TA.) Some say that the أَزْلَام are The arrows of the game called المَيْسِر: but this is a mistake. (TA.) The seeking to obtain the knowledge of what is allotted to one by means of the ازلام is forbidden in the Kur v. 4. (TA.) b2: Hence, أَزْلَامُ البَقَرَةِ (tropical:) The legs of the [wild] ox or cow: likened to the arrows called ازلام because of their slenderness: or, accord. to the A, because of their strength and hardness. (TA.) [Hence, likewise,] the former of the two words (زَلَمٌ) signifies also (assumed tropical:) A strong and light or active boy: pl. as above: (TA:) [app. because] a poet likens [such] a boy to an arrow of the kind thus called. (S, TA. *) A2: Also, both words, (K,) the latter on the authority of Kr, (TA,) A cloven hoof: (K:) accord. to some, peculiarly of the ox-kind: (TA:) or the [projecting] thing that is behind it: (S, K:) pl. as above. (K, * TA.) A3: And the latter of the same two words, (AA, S,) or each of them, (K,) [The hyrax Syriacus;] one of the [animals called] وِبَار [pl. of وَبْرٌ]: pl. as above. (AA, S, K.) زُلَمٌ: see the next preceding paragraph, throughout.

هُوَالعَبْدُ زَلْمَةً and ↓ زُلْمَةً and ↓ زَلَمَةً and ↓ زُلَمَةً, [the last omitted in some copies of the K,] (S, K,) and also with ن in the place of the ل, (S and K in art. زنم) (assumed tropical:) He is one whose proportion, or conformation, (S, K,) or whose cut, (K,) is that of the slave: (S, K:) or he is the slave in truth: (Ks, S:) or he resembles the slave as though he were he: (Lh, K:) it is as though one said, ↓ هو العبد مَزْلُومًا, i. e. he is the slave, being thus created by God, so that every one who looks at him sees the characteristics of the slaves impressed upon him: and it is a prov. applied to him who is low, ignoble, or mean: (Meyd:) [i. e.,] one says thus in disapproval (فى النكرة [i. e. فِى النَّكَرَةِ] or فى النَّكِرَةِ): (Lh: so in different copies of the S:) and in like manner one says of the female slave [هِىَ الأَمَةُ زَلْمَةً &c.]: (Lh, S, K:) As said, هُوَ العَبْدُ زَلْمَةُ, using the nom. case, without tenween; but IAar said, هو العبد زَلْمَةً, using the accus. case, with tenween: so in the handwriting of 'Abd-Es-Selám El-Basree: (TA:) and accord. to Lh, one says, يَا فَتَى ↓ هٰذَا العَبْدُ زَلْمًا, (so in some copies of the S,) or ↓ زُلْمًا, (so in other copies of the S, and in the TA,) with damm, (TA,) meaning (assumed tropical:) This is the slave in proportion, or conformation, and in cut, O young man: (S, TA:) or, as some say, the meaning is, truly. (TA.) زُلْمَة: see the next preceding paragraph.

زَلَمَةٌ [A kind of wattle]: زَلَمَتَا العَنْزِ means the زَنَمَتَانِ of the she-goat: (K:) or, accord. to Kh, زَلَمَةٌ signifies a certain appertenance of goats; a thing hanging from their حُلُوق [here meaning throats, externally,] like the [kind of ear-ring called] قُرْط; the animal having two of such things: if an appertenance of the ear, it is called زَنَمَةٌ, [q. v.,] with ن. (S, TA.) See also أَزْلَمُ.

A2: See also زَلْمَة.

زُلَمَة: see زَلْمَة.

زَلِيمٌ: see مُزَلَّمٌ.

نَاىٌ زُلَامِىٌّ: see زُنَامِىٌّ, in art. زنم.

أَزْلَمُ (K) and ↓ مُزَلَّمٌ, (A'Obeyd, K,) as also [أَزْنَمُ and زَنِمٌ and] مُزَنَّمٌ [applied to a camel], (TA,) Having the end of the ear cut, (A'Obeyd, K,) a [portion termed] ↓ زَلَمَة or زَنَمَة being left [hanging] to it: (A'Obeyd, TA:) this is done only to camels of generous race, (A'Obeyd, K,) and to sheep or goats: the fem. of the first is زَلْمَآءُ: (K:) [see also زَنِمٌ: or] أَزْلَمُ, fem. as above, is applied to a goat, as meaning having what are termed زَلَمَتَانِ [dual of زَلَمَةٌ expl. above]. (S.) b2: الأَزْلَمُ الجَدَعُ signifies The mountain-goat; (K;) agreeably with the original meaning; (TA;) and so ↓ المُزَلَّمُ: (K: [in the CK, وَ is erroneously omitted between the words الوَعِلُ and الصَّغِيرُ الجُثَّةِ:]) and الزَّلْمَآءُ signifies The female mountain-goat. (Kr, K.) b3: and also, i. e. الازلم الجذع, (K,) because it is [as though it were] always جَذَع, not becoming old, (TA,) (tropical:) Time, or fortune, (S, K,) that is hard, or rigorous, (K,) in its course, (TA,) abounding with trials (K) and deaths: accord. to Yaakoob, so called because deaths hang upon it, and follow it. (TA.) They said, أَوْدَى بِهِ الأَزْلَمُ الجَذَعُ and الأَزْنَمُ الجَذَعُ, [q. v.] i. e. (assumed tropical:) Time, or fortune, [&c.,] destroyed it; relating to a thing that has gone, and passed, and of which one has despaired. (TA.) [See also art. جذع.] b4: الزَّلْمَآءُ also signifies The female of the hawk kind. (Kr, K.) مُزَلَّمٌ, applied to an arrow, (S, K, TA,) like

↓ زَلِيمٌ, (S, K,) Cut [or pared], (ISk, S,) and made good in its proportion or conformation, and its workmanship: (ISk, S, K:) [well shaped:] or made even and supple: (TA:) and in like manner the former, with ة, applied to a staff (عَصًا). (S.) b2: See also أَزْلَمُ, in two places. b3: Also (i. e. مُزَلَّمٌ) (assumed tropical:) Short [as though cropped] in the tail. (ISk, TA.) b4: (assumed tropical:) Small in body: (K: [in the CK, وَ is erroneously omitted before the words explaining this meaning:]) and so مُزَنَّمٌ: (IAar, TA:) and the former, rendered small in the body by being badly fed: (TA:) or [simply] badly fed. (S.) b5: Applied to a man, (S, TA,) (assumed tropical:) Light, (TA,) or, like مُقَذَّذٌ, made light, (S,) in form, figure, or person: so says ISk: (S, TA:) or (assumed tropical:) short, light, or active, and ظَرِيف [app. as meaning either elegant in form, or clever]; (M, K;) likened to a small arrow: (M:) and, with ة, applied to a woman as meaning (assumed tropical:) not tall; like مُقَذَّذَةٌ. (S.) b6: Applied to a horse, (assumed tropical:) Of middling make; مُقْتَدِرُ الخَلْقِ or مُقْتَدَرُ الخلق: (so in different copies of the K:) thus expl. in the M. (TA.) b7: And (assumed tropical:) Small [or scanted]; applied to a gift. (TA.) مَزْلُومٌ: see زَلْمَة.

ظرب

1 ظَرِبَ بِهِ, aor. ـَ He, or it, stuck, adhered, or clave, to him, or it. (K.) 2 ظُرِّبَتِ الحَوَافِرُ, inf. n. تَظْرِيبٌ, The solid hoofs became hard and strong. (T, K.) ظَرِبٌ A stone projecting (Lth, T, M, Msb, K) from a mountain or from rugged ground (Lth, T) and having a sharp point: (Lth, T, M, K:) or an expanded mountain, (M, K, TA,) accord. to some, that is not high: (TA:) or a small mountain: (M, K:) or a small hill: (T, S, Msb:) pl. ظِرَابٌ (T, S, M, Msb, K) and أَظْرُبٌ, (Nh, TA,) [the latter a pl. of pauc.,] the former pl. of a rare kind, for by rule it should be أَظْرَابٌ, and it seems as though they had imagined the sing. to be ظَرْبٌ, and so made the pl. like سِهَامٌ, pl. of سَهْمٌ: (Msb, TA:) or, accord. to En-Nadr, ظَرِبٌ signifies the smallest of [hills such as are termed]

آكَام, and the sharpest in stones, all its stones being sharp like knives, the white thereof and the black and of every colour: and the pl. is أَظْرَابٌ. (T.) [See also this pl. below.]

ظُرُبٌّ Short, and thick, (M, K, TA,) and fleshy: (Lh, TA:) or a short and fleshy man. (S.) ظَرْبَى and ظِرْبَى: see ظَرِبَانٌ, in three places.

ظِرْبَآء and ظَِرِبَآء: see the next paragraph, in four places.

ظَرِبَانٌ (S, M, Msb, K, &c.) and ظِرْبَانٌ (AA, Az, Msb, TA) and ظَرْبَانٌ (IJ, TA) and ↓ ظِرَبَآءُ (M, CK, TA, or ↓ ظِرْبَآء or ↓ ظِرِبَآء accord. to two different copies of the K) A small, stinking beast, (Az, S, M, Msb, K,) resembling a cat, (Az, S, M, K,) or resembling a short Chinese dog, (Msb,) or resembling an ape or a monkey, (AA, T, M, TA,) or above the whelp of a dog, (El-Mustaksee, TA,) that often emits a noiseless wind from the anus; (M, Msb, * TA;) said by Az, on the authority of the handwriting of AHeyth, to be a beast that has small legs, their length being that of half a finger, but which is broad, its breadth being equal to the space measured by the extension of the thumb and the little finger, or of the thumb and the fore finger, and its length being a cubit, having a compact head, and its ears [for ادناه, in my original, I read أُذُنَاهُ] being like the cat's; (TA;) it is small and short in the ears, (أَصْلَمُ الأُذُنَيْنِ, M, Msb,) or having a stoppage of the ears, (أَصَمُّ الاذنين, TA,) its earholes [only] hearing a confused, or humming, or ringing, sound; (M, TA;) long in the snout, [but El-Farezdak speaks of it as having a short nose, as is shown in the S,] black in the back, white in the belly; (M, Msb, TA;) it is said that its back is [or rather contains] one single bone, without any قَفَص [or cage-formed structure of ribs, &c.], and that the sword has no effect upon it by reason of the hardness of its skin, unless striking its nose: (TA:) the pl. is ظَرَابِينُ, (M, K,) or ظَرَابِىُّ, (Az, T, S, Msb,) sometimes, (S,) or this latter also, (M, K,) as though it were pl. of ظِرْبَآء, (S,) or the first ى is a substitute for the ا [of the sing. ظَرِبَانٌ] and the second for the ن, (M,) and (quasi-pl. ns., M, K) ↓ ظِرْبَى (Az, T, M, Msb, K) and ↓ ظِرْبَآءُ, (M, K,) or ↓ ظِرْبَى, is a pl. like حِجْلَى pl. of حَجَلٌ, (S, TA,) and these two are [said to be] the only pls. of this measure, (AHei, TA,) and Lth and AHeyth say that ظِرْبَآءُ is incorrect, and is rightly ↓ ظِرْبَى. (T, TA.) A poet says, (namely, 'Abd-Allah Ibn-Hajjáj Ez-Zebeedee, M, TA,) أَلَا أَبْلِغَا قَيْسًا وَخِنْدِفَ أَنَّنِى

ضَرَبْتُ كَثِيرًا مَضْرِبَ الظَّرِبَانِ [Now tell ye Keys and Khindif that I have struck Ketheer in the place of striking of the ظربان], meaning that he had struck Ketheer Ibn-Shiháb (S, M, TA) El-Medh-hijee upon his face; for the ظربان has a line, or long mark, upon his face; and he likens the blow that he inflicted upon his face to that mark: [see مَضْرِبٌ:] and the same words of the latter hemistich, except that عُبَيْدًا is substituted in them for كَثِيرًا, occur in a verse of Asad Ibn-Nághisah, who slew 'Obeyd by order of En-Noamán. (TA.) One says, فَسَا بَيْنَنَا الظَّرِبَانُ, (S,) or بَيْنَهُم, (Msb, K,) [lit. The ظربان emitted a noiseless wind from its anus among us, or among them,] a prov., (S,) meaning that we, or they, became disunited, and alienated, one from another: [for] when this animal emits a noiseless wind from its anus in the garment of a man, the stink does not go away until the garment wears out: (S, Msb, K:) the Arabs of the desert assert that it does so in the garment of him who hunts it: (S:) and it is said to do so in the hole of the [lizard called] ضَبّ, which, being stupified by the foulness of the stink, is taken and eaten by it. (M, K, TA.) One says also, تَشَاتَمَا فَكَأَنَّمَا جَزَرَا بَيْنَهُمَا ظَرِبَانًا [They reviled each other, and it was as though they slaughtered between them a ظربان]: the foulness of their reviling being likened to the stink of that animal. (M, TA.) And يَتَنَازَعَانِ جِلْدَ الظَّرِبَانِ They two contend in pulling at the skin of the ظربان, meaning (assumed tropical:) they revile each other: (M, TA:) and يَتَمَاشَنَانِ جِلْدَ الظَّرِبَانِ They wipe their hands together upon the skin of the ظربان, [likewise] meaning (assumed tropical:) they revile each other. (IAar, T, TA.) الأَظْرَابُ [accord. to some] signifies Four teeth behind the نَوَاجِذ [or other grinders; app. meaning, of a horse]: (K:) or the sockets (أَسْنَاخ) of the teeth: (S, K:) [and it is said that] أَظْرَابُ اللِّجَامِ signifies the knots that are at the extremities of the bit. (M, TA.) J cites the following verse, ascribing it to 'Ámir Ibn-Et-Tufeyl, وَمُقَطِّعٍ حَلَقَ الرِّحَالَةِ سَابِحٍ

بَادٍ نَوَاجِذُهُ عَنِ الأَظْرَابِ [thus in the S, (but in the M and TA عَلَى

الأَظْرَابِ,) as though meaning And breaking in pieces the rings of the girth of the saddle, running with the fore legs well stretched forth, his grinders appearing from the sockets]: but IB says, [following the reading in the M and TA,] the verse is by Lebeed; and the poet is describing a horse that breaks in pieces the rings of the saddle by his springing forward, and whose grinders (نَوَاجِذُهُ) appear when he treads upon the [stones, or hills, called] ظِرَاب: [see ظَرِبٌ, of which both ظِرَابٌ and أَظْرَابٌ are said to be pls.:] also that the right reading is وَمُقَطِّعٌ [and سَابِحٌ]: and by the نواجذ are meant the ضَوَاحِك [or teeth next behind the canine teeth], accord. to Hr. (TA.) حَوَافِرُ مُظَرَّبَةٌ [accord. to the TA مُظَرِّبَةٌ, but this is evidently a mistake (see 2),] means [Solid hoofs] that have become hard and strong: (K, TA:) [but] accord. to El-Mufaddal, المُظَرَّبُ, like مُعَظَّم [in measure], signifies الَّذِى قَدْ لَوَّحَتْهُ الظِّرَابُ [app. meaning that which the stones, or hills, called ظِرَاب have altered, or, perhaps, heated, in its treading upon them]. (TA.)

فرع

1 فَرَعَ [He, or it, overtopped, or surpassed in height or tallness: this seems to be the primary signification]. It is said in a trad., يَكَادُ يَفْرَعُ النَّاسَ طُولًا (O, TA) He is, or was, near to overtopping the people, or surpassing them in tallness. (TA.) And one says, فَرَعَ فِى قَوْمِهِ i. e. طَالَ [app. meaning He surpassed in tallness among his people or party]; as also ↓ افرع. (TA.) And فَرَعَ القَوْمَ, (K,) or فَرَعْتُ قَوْمِى, (S, O,) inf. n. فَرْعٌ and فُرُوعٌ, (assumed tropical:) He was, or became, superior to the people or party, (K,) or I was, or became, superior to my people or party, (S, O,) in eminence, or nobility, or in beauty, or goodliness. (S, O, K.) And فَرَعَ صَاحِبَهُ (assumed tropical:) He was, or became, superior to his companion; he excelled him. (IAar, TA in art. برع.) [See also 5.] b2: And فَرَعَ, (O, K,) aor. ـَ (K,) inf. n. فَرْعٌ (TK [as is indicated in the K, and, in the former of the two senses here following, فُرُوعٌ also, said in the TA to be syn. with صُعُودٌ]), (tropical:) He (a man, O) ascended: and also he descended: thus having two contr. significations: (O, K, TA:) or, accord. to IAar, it has the former meaning, and ↓ افرع has the latter meaning: (TA: [but see what follows:]) you say, فَرَعْتُ الجَبَلَ (S, TA) and فِى الجَبَلِ, (TA,) I ascended the mountain; (S, TA;) as also ↓ فَرَّعْتُهُ, (S, O, * K, *) inf. n. تَفْرِيعٌ: (S, O, K:) and فِى الجَبَلِ ↓ فَرَّعْتُ I descended the mountain; as also فِيهِ ↓ أَفْرَعْتُ: (S, O, K:) or, as IB says, on the authority of A 'Obeyd, فِى الجَبَلِ ↓ افرع means he ascended the mountain: and مِنْهُ ↓ افرع he descended it. (TA.) b3: And فَرَعْتُ رَأْسَهُ بِالعَصَا, (S, O, K, * TA, *) inf. n. فَرْعٌ; (O, TA;) as also قَرَعْتُهُ, (S, O,) inf. n. قَرْعٌ; (O;) (tropical:) I smote his head, [or assailed it, smiting,] syn. عَلَوْتُهُ (S, O, K, * TA) بِهَا (K, TA) ضَرْبًا, (TA,) [with the staff, or stick], and بِالسَّيْفِ [with the sword]. (TA.) b4: فَرَعْتُ فَرَسِى بِاللِّجَامِ, (S, O, K, *) aor. ـَ inf. n. فَرْعٌ, (S, O,) (assumed tropical:) I pulled in my horse by the bridle and bit, to stop him. (S, O, K.) b5: فَرَعْتُ بَيْنَهُمَا, (S, O,) or بَيْنَهُمْ, (K, TA,) aor. ـَ inf. n. فَرْعٌ, (TA,) (tropical:) I interposed, or intervened as a barrier, (S, O, K, TA,) between them two, (S, O, TA,) or between them, (K, TA,) and restrained (S, O, K, TA) them two, (S, O, TA,) or them, and made peace, or effected a reconciliation, between them: (K, TA:) and ↓ فرّع بَيْنَ القَوْمِ, inf. n. تَفْرِيعٌ, (assumed tropical:) He made a separation, and interposed, or intervened as a barrier, between the people, or party: and hence the saying in a trad., بَيْنَ الغَنَمِ ↓ كَانَ يُفَرِّعُ i. e. He was making a separation between the sheep, or goats: IAth says that Hr has mentioned it as with ق; but, he adds, Aboo-Moosà says, it is one of his mistakes. (TA.) A2: هٰذَا أَوَّلُ صَيْدٍ فَرَعَهُ meansThis is the first object of the chase of which he shed, or has shed, the blood. (TA. [See also 4.]) b2: See also 8.

A3: فَرَعَ الأَرْضَ: see 4.

A4: فَرِعَ, [aor. ـَ (TA,) inf. n. فَرَعٌ, (S, O, K, TA,) He (a man) was, or became, abundant, (TA,) or free from deficiency, (S, O, K,) in respect of the hair [of the head]. (S, O, K, TA.) [See أَفْرَعُ.]2 فَرَّعَ see 1, near the middle, in two places.

A2: فَرَّعْتُ مِنْ هٰذَا الأَصْلِ مَسَائِلَ, (Msb, K, but in the latter فَرَّعَ,) inf. n. تَفْرِيعٌ, (TA,) (tropical:) I derived, or deduced, questions, or problems, or propositions, from this fundamental axiom or principle; (Msb;) or made questions to be the فُرُوع [i. e. the branches, meaning derivatives,] of this fundamental axiom or principle: (K, TA:) a tropical phrase. (TA.) A3: See again 1, latter half, in two places.

A4: And see also 4, former half, in three places.3 فارع الرَّجُلَ He sufficed the man; and bore, or took upon himself, a responsibility for him. (TA.) 4 أَفْرَعَ see 1, in five places. b2: You say افرع بِهِم meaning He alighted at their abode [as a guest]; syn. نَزَلَ. (K.) And أَفْرَعْنَا بِفُلَانٍ فَمَا أَحْمَدْنَاهُ i. e. نَزَلْنَا بِهِ [We alighted as guests at the abode of such a one, and we did not find him to be such as should be commended]. (S, O.) b3: And افرع فى لومه [app. فِى لُؤْمِهِ] i. e. اِنْحَدَرَ [as though meaning (tropical:) He lowered himself in his meanness, or sordidness; but I suspect it to be a mistranscription]; a tropical phrase. (TA.) A2: افرع الأَرْضَ He went round, or about, or round about, (S, O, K, TA,) or did so much, (S, O, TA,) in the land, (S, O, K, TA,) as also ↓ فَرَعَهَا, and ↓ فرّعها, (TA,) and consequently knew its state, or case, or circumstances. (S, O, K, TA.) A3: افرعت الإِبِلُ The camels brought forth the [firstlings, or] first offspring (الفَرَعَ). (O, K.) b2: And أَفْرَعُوا, (O,) or القَوْمُ افرع, (K,) They, (O,) or the people, or party, (K,) were, or became, persons whose camels had brought forth the first offspring. (O, K.) b3: And افرع القَوْمُ The people, or party, sacrificed the فَرَع [or firstling of a camel, or of a sheep or goat]: (S, Msb:) or افرع الفَرَعَةَ he sacrificed the فَرَعَة, (O, K,) which signifies the same as the فَرَع; (Mgh, Msb;) and so الفَرَعَةَ ↓ استفرع; (O;) or [simply] ↓ استفرع; (K;) and افرع [alone]; (O;) and ↓ فرّع, (O, K,) inf. n. تَفْرِيعٌ; (K;) he sacrificed the فَرَعَ; (O, K;) whence the trad., ↓ فَرِّعُوا

إِنْ شَئْتُمْ وَلٰكِنْ لَا تَذْبَحُوا غَرَاةً حَتَّى يَكْبَرَ i. e. Slaughter ye the firstling [of a camel, or of a sheep or goat], but slaughter not one that is little, whose flesh is like glue, [until it be full-grown.] (O, TA. *) b4: And [hence, perhaps,] أَفْرَعْتُهُ I made him to bleed. (Msb.) And أَفْرَعَتِ الضَّبُعُ الغَنَمَ, (O, K, TA,) so says Ibn-'Abbád, (O, TA,) or فِى الغَنَمِ, so in the L, (TA,) The hyena, or female hyena, injured, and made to bleed, (O, K, TA,) or killed, and injured, (L, TA,) the sheep or goats. (O, L, K, TA.) And افرع اللِّجَامُ الفَرَسَ The bit made the mouth of the horse to bleed. (O, K. [See also 1, near the end.]) and افرع المَرْأَةَ, said of menstruating, It made the woman to bleed. (TA.) And [hence, app.,] افرع العَرُوسَ He accomplished his want in respect of the compressing of the bride. (AA, O, K. * [See also 8.]) b5: And افرعت She (a woman) saw blood on the occasion of childbirth: (O, K:) or, as some say, before childbirth: (A'Obeyd, TA:) or at the first of her menstruating: (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K:) or she menstruated: (A'Obeyd, L, TA:) or she (a woman, or a beast,) first saw blood when taken with the pains of parturition, or near to bringing forth: and افرع لَهَا الدَّمُ the blood appeared to her. (L, TA.) A4: And افرع He began, or commenced, discourse, or a narration; (K;) and so ↓ استفرع; (Sh, O, K, TA;) and ↓ افترع: (Sh, TA:) and likewise, as also ↓ استفرع, a thing. (K.) One says, بِئْسَ مَا أَفْرَعْتَ بِهِ Very evil is that with which thou hast begun, or commenced: (S, O:) and نِعْمَ مَا أَفْرَعْتَ [or أَفْرَعْتَ بِهِ] Very good is that which [or with which] thou hast begun. (Msb.) And افرع سَفَرَهُ, and حَاجَتَهُ, He began, commenced, or entered upon, his journey, and his needful affair. (TA.) And افرعوا مِنْ سَفَرِهِمْ They came, or arrived, from their journey when it was not the proper time for their coming. (TA.) b2: And افرعوا They sought after herbage in its place (اِنْتَجَعُوا) among the first, or foremost, of the people. (S, O, K.) A5: افرع أَهْلَهُ, thus in all the copies of the K, expl. as meaning كَفَلَهُمْ, and likewise in the O, is a mistranscription by Sgh, whom the author of the K has here followed: it is correctly, افرع الَوادِى أَهْلَهُ i. e. The valley sufficed its people; syn. كَفَاهُمْ. (TA.) A6: أُفْرِعَ بِسَيِّدِ بَنِى فُلَانٍ, (O, K,) with damm, (K,) means The chief of the sons of such a one was taken (O, K, TA) and slain. (TA.) 5 تفرّعت أَغْصَانُ الشَّجَرِ The branches of the trees became abundant. (S, O, K. *) b2: and [hence,] تفرّع الوَادِى (assumed tropical:) [The valley branched forth]. (TA.) b3: [See also an ex. in a verse cited voce فَظِيعٌ.] b4: تَفَرَّعَتْ مِنْ هٰذَا الأَصْلِ مَسَائِلُ (O, Msb, K, TA) (tropical:) Questions, or problems, or propositions, were derived, or deduced, from this fundamental axiom or principle; (Msb;) or were made to be the فُرُوع [i. e. the branches, meaning derivatives,] thereof; (K, TA;) [they ramified therefrom;] is a tropical phrase. (TA.) A2: تَفَرَّعَهُمْ (tropical:) He set upon them (O, K, TA) with reviling and the like; as in the A and L: (TA:) and he was, or became, superior to them, (O, K, TA,) in eminence, or nobility; and excelled them: (TA: [see also 1:]) or it signifies, (S, K, TA,) or signifies also, (O,) (tropical:) he married, or took to wife, the chief of their women, (S, O, K, TA,) and the highest of them: (TA:) and تَفَرَّعْتُ بِبَنِى فُلَانٍ (tropical:) I married among the noble and high of the sons of such a one; like تَذَرَّيْتُهُمْ and تَنَصَّيْتُهُمْ. (TA.) 8 افترع: see 4, latter half. b2: Hence, (TA,) He devirginated a maid; (S, O, Msb, K, TA;) as also ↓ فَرَعَهَا. (K.) b3: And hence, افترع قَصِيدَةَ كَذَا (tropical:) [He broached such an ode], and مَعَانِىَ كَذَا [such meanings]: (Har p. 61:) and يَفْتَرِعُ أَبْكَارَ المَعَانِى (tropical:) [He broaches virgin meanings]. (TA, and Har ubi suprà.) 10 إِسْتَفْرَعَ see 4, former half, in two places: A2: and the same again, latter half, in two places.

فَرْعٌ The upper, or uppermost, part of anything; (S, O, Msb, K;) the فَرْع being what branches forth (يَتَفَرَّعُ) from the lower, or lowest, part thereof: (Msb:) pl. فُرُوعٌ only. (TA.) It is said in a trad. أَىُّ الشَّجَرِ أَبْعَدُ مِنَ الخَارِفِ قَالُوا فَرْعُهَا قَالَ وَكَذٰلِكَ الصَّفُّ الأَوَّلُ [What part of trees is furthest from the plucker of the fruit? they said, The uppermost part thereof; he said, And such like is the first row of the persons worshipping in the mosque]. (TA.) Thus فَرْعُ الأُذُنِ signifies The upper, or uppermost, part of the ear; (K, * MF, TA;) pl. as above. (TA.) And فُرُوعُ المُقْلَتَيْنِ The upper, or uppermost, parts of the two eyeballs. (TA.) b2: [Hence,] A branch of a tree or plant: (KL, TA:) or the head of a branch: or a great branch: and a branch of anything. (MA.) b3: [And hence, (assumed tropical:) A branch, or subdivision, or derivative, of anything that is regarded as a fundamental or a whole;] a thing that is built, or founded, upon another thing; opposed to أَصْلٌ: (K, TA:) [the pl. فُرُوعٌ, as opposed to أُصُولٌ meaning “ fundamentals,” signifies, in the conventional language of the lawyers and the men of science in general, the derivative institutes of the law, &c.: see 2:] عِلْمُ الفُرُوعِ [the science of the derivative institutes of the law] is what is commonly known by the appellation of عِلْمُ الفِقْهِ [the science of jurisprudence; because it is mainly concerned with institutes derived from fundamentals]. (Hájjee Khaleefeh.) b4: And (tropical:) The hair of a woman: pl. as above [app. used in a collective sense like the French “ cheveux ”]: (K, TA:) one says اِمْرَأَةٌ طَوِيلَةُ الفُرُوعِ [meaning (tropical:) A long-haired woman]. (TA.) And (K) (tropical:) Full [or abundant] hair. (S, O, K, TA.) b5: And (tropical:) The noble, or man of eminence, of a people or party: (S, O, K, TA:) pl. as above: (TA:) one says, هُوَ فَرْعُ قَوْمِهِ (tropical:) He is the noble, or man of eminence, of his people or party, (S, O, TA, *) and مِنْ فُرُوعِهِم of their nobles, &c. (TA.) b6: And [app. from the same word as signifying “ a branch of a tree,”] (assumed tropical:) A valley branching off. (TA.) And (assumed tropical:) A channel in which water runs to the شِعْب (K, TA) i. e. the وَادِى [here meaning the water-course in a low tract or between the two acclivities of two mountains]: (TA:) [but] in this sense its pl. is فِرَاعٌ. (K, TA.) A2: Also [or قَوْسٌ فَرْعٌ] A bow that is made from the extreme portion of a branch, (As, S, O, K, TA,) from the head thereof: (As, TA:) and (K) a bow that is not [made from a branch] divided lengthwise (S, O, K, TA) is called قَوْسٌ فَرْعٌ; (S, O, TA;) such as is [made from a branch] divided lengthwise being called قَوْسٌ فِلْقٌ: (S, O:) or the فَرْع is [one] of the best of bows: (AHn, K, TA:) and [this word is used as an epithet, i. e.] one says قَوْسٌ فَرْعٌ and فَرْعَةٌ. (K.) A3: Also, i. e. فَرْعٌ, Property that is beneficial, or serviceable, and made ready, or prepared: (O, K, TA:) or, accord. to the S, it is ↓ فَرَعٌ which has this signification; but this is said by Sgh [app. in the TS], and after him by the author of the K, to be a mistake; and a verse in which it occurs with the ر quiescent is cited in the O and K as an ex. of it in this sense: it may be, however, that the poet has made the ر quiescent of necessity [by poetic license, for the sake of the metre]; or it may here [properly] signify

“ a branch,” and be metonymically used as meaning recent property. (TA.) A4: See also the next paragraph, latter half.

فَرَعٌ The firstling of the camel, (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K,) or of the sheep or goat, (L, K,) which they used to sacrifice to their gods, (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K,) looking for a blessing thereby; (S, O, Msb;) and ↓ فَرَعَةٌ signifies the same: (Mgh, Msb:) hence, (Mgh, O, K,) it is said in a trad., [implying the prohibition of this custom,] لَا فَرَعَ وَلَا عَتِيرَةٌ, (S, O, K, *) or وَلَا عَتِيرَةَ ↓ لَا فَرَعَةَ: (Mgh: [see عَتِيرَةٌ:]) or when the camels amounted to the number for which their owner wished, they sacrificed [a firstling]: (TA:) or when one's camels amounted to a complete hundred, (K, TA,) he sacrificed a he-camel thereof every year, and gave it to the people to eat, neither he nor his family tasting it, or rather, it is said, (TA,) he sacrificed a young, or youthful, he-camel to his idol: and the Muslims used to do it in the first part of ElIslám: then it was abrogated: (K, TA:) accord. to the Bári' and the Mj, the firstling of camels and also that of sheep or goats are thus called: (Msb:) the pl. [of فَرَعٌ] is فُرُعٌ, with two dammehs. (K.) It is said in a prov., أَوَّلُ الصَّيْدِ فَرَعٌ [The first of what are taken by the chase or the like is a فرع] as being likened to a firstling: so says Yezeed Ibn-Murrah. (TA. [See Freytag's Arab. Prov., i. 35.]) b2: The poet Ows Ibn-Hajar, (S, O,) or Bishr Ibn-Abee-Kházim, has used it as meaning The skin of a فَرَع; (S, O; *) suppressing the prefix جِلْد: (S:) for they used to clothe with its skin another young one of a camel, in order that the mother of the one sacrificed might incline to it [and yield her milk]. (O; and the like is said in the TA.) A2: Also, and ↓ فَرْعٌ, Lice: (S, K:) or, as some say, small lice: (TA:) and one thereof is termed ↓ فَرَعَةٌ and ↓ فَرْعَةٌ: (S, K:) or, accord. to some, فرعة signifies a large louse. (TA.) A3: And the former (فَرَعٌ), Food that is prepared [app. for persons invited to partake of it] on the occasion of camels' bringing forth; like as خُرْسٌ signifies such as is on the occasion of a woman's bringing forth. (TA.) b2: And A portion, or share; syn. قِسْمٌ: (O, K, TA:) accord. to some, peculiarly of water. (TA.) b3: See also فَرْعٌ, last quarter.

A4: It is also the inf. n. of فَرِعَ. (TA. [See 1, last sentence.]) فَرْعَةٌ A high, or an elevated, place of a mountain: pl. فِرَاعٌ: so in the saying, اِيْتِ فَرْعَةً مِنْ فِرَاعِ الجَبَلِ فَانْزِلْهَا [Come thou to one of the high places of the mountain and descend it]: (S, TA:) or, as some say, it signifies particularly the head of a mountain. (TA. [See also فَارِعَةٌ.]) b2: and فَرْعَةُ الجُلَّةِ The highest, or uppermost, of the dates of the [receptacle called] جُلَّة [q. v.]. (TA.) b3: And فرعة الطريق [i. e. فَرْعَةُ الطَّرِيقِ] and فرعته [sic, app. ↓ فَرَعَتُهُ,] and ↓ فَرْعَاؤُهُ and ↓ فَارِعَتُهُ all signify The highest part of the road, and the place where it ends: or the conspicuous and elevated part thereof: or ↓ فَارِعَتُهُ signifies the sides, or borders, thereof. (TA. [See also قَارِعَةُ الطَّرِيقِ.]) b4: and one says, أَتَيْتُهُ فِى فَرْعَةٍ مِنَ النَّهَارِ (tropical:) I came to him in a first part of the day. (TA.) A2: See also فَرَعٌ, latter half.

فُرْعَةٌ The blood of the virgin on the occasion of devirgination.

فَرَعَةٌ: see فَرْعَةٌ.

A2: [Also] A piece of skin that is added in the قِرْبَة [or water-skin] when the latter is not full-sized, or complete. (O, K.) A3: See also فَرَعٌ, first quarter, in two places: A4: and the same again, latter half, in one place.

A5: It is also a pl. of فَارِعٌ [q. v.]. (O, K.) فُرُوعُ الجَوْزَآءِ means The most intense degree of heat: (S, O, TA:) [or rather الفُرُوعُ is a name of a certain asterism of الجَوْزَآءُ (which is an appel-lation of Orion and of Gemini, either whereof may be here appropriately meant,) at the season of the auroral rising of which the heat becomes most intense:] Aboo-Khirásh says, وَظَلَّ لَهَا يَوْمٌ كَأَنَّ أُوَارَهُ ذَكَا النَّارِ مِنْ نَجْمِ الفُرُوعِ طَوِيلُ

[And a day continued to them, the heat whereof was as though it were the blazing of fire, from the asterism of the فُرُوعِ; a long day]: (S, * O, TA:) in the S, وَظَلَّ لَنَا; but correctly لَهَا, meaning to the she-asses: (TA:) and Aboo-Sa'eed related it as above with the unpointed ع in الفروع: (S, * TA:) in the same manner, also, it is expl. by him as used in the phrase فَيْحُ نَجْمِ الفُرُوعِ [which I would render the vehement raging of the heat of the asterism of the فروع] in a verse of Umeiyeh Ibn-Abee-'Áïdh: El-Jumahee related it differently, with غ; but the فُرُوغ [or rather the فَرْغَانِ] are of the stars of Aquarius; and the season thereof [i. e. of their auroral rising] is cold; there is then no فيح. (TA.) فُرَيْعٌ, occurring [with tenween, perfectly decl.,] in a verse of Umeiyeh Ibn-Abi-s-Salt, (O, K,) i. q. ↓ فِرْعَوْنُ, (O,) which is a proper name of such as was King of the Amalekites [or rather of the ancient Egyptians, in general], like as قَيْصَر was of the Room [or Greeks of the Lower Empire], and كِسْرَى of the Persians, (Ksh in ii.

46,) [and also] a foreign word, (Msb,) [wherefore it is imperfectly decl., in Hebr.

פַּרְעֹה, i. e. Pharaoh,] a dial. var. of فِرْعَوْنُ, or used by poetic license: (K:) the pl. of the latter is فَرَاعِنَةٌ. (Msb.) فِرْعَوْنُ: see the next preceding paragraph.

فَارِعٌ [Overtopping, or surpassing in height or tallness: this seems to be the primary signification]. You say جَبَلٌ فَارِعٌ A mountain higher, or taller, than what is next to it. (S, O.) b2: and High, or tall; applied to a man, and to an extended gibbous piece of sand. (TA.) b3: and High, or elevated; goodly in form or aspect or appearance; beautiful: (Aboo-'Adnán, O, K:) or [simply] high [app. in rank or dignity]: (IAar, O:) and also low, ignoble, or mean: (IAar, O, K:) thus having two contr. significations. (O, K.) b4: And a man of the Arabs said, ↓ لَقِيتُ فُلَانًا فَارِعًا مُفْرِعًا, meaning [I met such a one] one of us ascending and the other descending. (S, O, TA.) A2: Also sing. of فَرَعَةٌ, which signifies The armed attendants, or guards, of the Sultán, or sovereign: (O, K, TA:) it is like وَازِعٌ. (TA.) فَارِعَةٌ The higher, or highest, part of a mountain [and of a valley]: one says, اِنْزِلْ بِفَارِعَةِ الوَادِى

وَاحْذَرْ أَسْفَلَهُ [Alight thou in the higher, or highest, part of the valley, and beware of its lower, or lowest, part]. (S, O.) See also فَرْعَةٌ, in two places. b2: الفَارِعَةُ مِنَ الغَنَائِمِ means The surplus that is deducted [so I render المُرْتَفِعَةُ الصَّاعِدَةُ, app. such things as cannot be divided and are therefore removed,] from the main stock of the spoils before they are divided into fifths. (TA.) b3: And فَوَارِعٌ, (pl. of فَارِعَةٌ, TA,) applied to تِلَاع, [a word variously explained, here, I think, used as signifying either high, or low, grounds, (see its sing. تَلْعَةٌ,)] (S, O, * K, *) means Of which the channels wherein the torrents flow are in high, or elevated, parts. (S, O, K.) فَيْفَرْعٌ (K, TA) and فَيْفَرَعٌ (TA) A species of trees. (K, TA.) أَفْرَعُ Free from deficiency in the hair [of the head]; (S, O, K;) contr. of أَصْلَعُ; (IDrd, S, O, K;) used only in this sense; not applied to a man who is large in the beard or in the whole head of hair: (IDrd, S, O:) the Prophet was أَفْرَع, (S, O,) and so was Aboo-Bekr, (O, K,) and 'Omar was أَصْلَع: (O:) fem. فَرْعَآءُ; (S, O, K;) accord. to IDrd, applied to a woman as meaning having much hair: (S, O:) pl. فُرْعَانٌ, (O, K,) like its contr. صُلْعَانٌ; (O;) and also فُرْعٌ. (K.) 'Omar, being asked, “Are the صُلْعَان better or the فُرْعَان,” said “ The فرعان are better,” meaning to assert the superior excellence of Aboo-Bekr over himself. (O.) b2: فَرْعَآءُ الطَّرِيقِ: see فَرْعَةٌ.

A2: Also i. q. مُوَسْوِسُ [app. as meaning Such as is subject to diabolical promptings or suggestions]: so in the trad., لَا يَؤُمَّنَّكُمُ الأَفْرَعُ [The افرع shall by no means act as your Imám]. (Nh, K, TA.) مُفْرَعٌ Anything tall. (TA.) b2: مُفْرَعُ الكَتِفِ A man broad in the shoulder-blade: (S, O, TA:) or high therein. (TA.) And كَتِفٌ مُفْرَعَةٌ A shoulder-blade high, projecting, and broad. (TA.) مُفْرِعٌ: see فَارِعٌ, last sentence but one.

مِفْرَعٌ One who interposes as a restrainer between persons [at variance], (O, K, TA,) and makes peace, or effects a reconciliation, between them: (TA:) pl. مَفَارِعُ. (S, O, K.)

فقع

1 فَقَعَ, aor. ـَ and فَقُعَ, inf. n. فُقُوعٌ (S, O, K) and فَقْعٌ, (K,) said of the colour of a thing, (S, O,) It was intensely yellow: (S, O, K:) or its yellowness was free from admixture. (K, TA. [See also فَقْعٌ below.]) [And] فَقَعَ said of a skin, or hide, or a tanned, or red, skin or hide, (أَدِيم,) It was beautiful and clear [in colour]. (Ham p. 562.) A2: فَقَعَ said of a boy, He became active, and grew, grew up, or became a young man; (K, * TA; [in both of which it is implied that the aor. of the verb in this and the next two senses is فَقَعَ and فَقُعَ, as above;]) and so ↓ تفقّع. (TA.) A3: And فَقَعَ (K, TA) said of a man, (TA,) He died from, or in consequence of, the heat. (K, TA.) A4: فَقَعَتِ الفَوَاقِعُ فُلَانًا The calamities of time, or fortune, crushed such a one. (K, * TA.) A5: فَقَعَ, aor. ـَ (K,) inf. n. فَقْعٌ, (O,) He stole. (O, K. [Accord. to the TK, trans. in this sense.]) A6: And He emitted wind from the anus, with a sound; (K, TA;) in which sense the inf. n. is likewise فَقْعٌ; accord. to some, peculiarly said of an ass: and بِهِ ↓ فَقَّعَ, and ↓ بِمِفْقَعٍ, and ↓ بِمِفْقَاعٍ, inf. n. تَفْقِيعٌ, he did so vehemently. (TA.) A7: فَقِعَ, i. e. like فَرِحَ, (K, TA,) inf. n. فَقَعٌ, (TK,) said of a man, (TA,) He became red. (K, TA.) 2 فقّع, (TA,) inf. n. تَفْقِيعٌ, (O, K, TA,) He twisted the sides of his mouth, or opened his mouth and was diffuse, in speech, (O, K, TA,) and uttered speech that had no meaning. (TA.) b2: And فقّع

أَصَابِعَهُ, (S, O, * TA,) inf. n. as above, (S, O, K, TA,) i. q. فَرْقَعَهَا, (S, O, * K, * TA, *) [He cracked the joints of his fingers;] i. e. he pressed his fingers so that a sound was heard to proceed from their joints: (TA:) the action signified thereby is forbidden to be performed in prayer: (O, TA:) [but it is said that] this is the contracting of the fingers to the inner side of the hand and making a sound with the outer side [app. by pressing the fist upon the ground so as to make the joints of the fingers crack, when rising; for I think that any action more irregular than this would be too obviously wrong to need prohibition]. (O.) b3: And فقّع الوَرْدَةَ, inf. n. تَفْقِيعٌ, He made the rose into a round form (أَدَارَهَا), and then struck it so that it rent open, or asunder, producing a sound: (O:) or التَّفْقِيعُ signifies the striking a rose with the hand, (O, K,) or the making a rose-leaf into a round [and app. hollow] form, and pressing it with the fingers, (TA,) so that it produces a sound, (O, K, TA,) when rending open, or asunder. (TA.) b4: [And فقّع signifies also It cracked with a sound: and it crackled: said of a flint-stone in fire: see صَوَّانٌ: and said of salt thrown into a fire: see نَارٌ.] b5: See also 1, last sentence but one.

A2: فقّع الأدِيمَ, (O, TA,) inf. n. as above, (K,) He made the hide red. (O, K, TA.) 4 افقع, (TA,) inf. n. إِفْقَاعٌ, (O, K, TA,) He was, or became, poor, or needy: (TA;) or in an evil state or condition. (O, K, TA.) 5 تَفَقَّعَ see 1. b2: [Reiske, as stated by Freytag, has explained this verb as signifying It was, or became, contracted; said of a hand: but probably, I think, in consequence of his having found تَفَقَّعَت erroneously written for تَقَفَّعَت.]6 تفاقعت عَيْنَاهُ His eyes became white: (O, K, TA:) or became cleft, or fissured: or had in them foul, or foul white, matter. (TA.) 7 انفقع It became cleft, or fissured, or rent open or asunder. (O, K.) فَقْعٌ [an inf. n., of فَقَعَ, q. v. Used as a subst.,] Intense whiteness. (TA.) [But it seems to signify more commonly, Intense yellowness: or yellowness free from admixture: see 1, first sentence.]

A2: And i. q. حُصَاصٌ [app. as meaning An emission of wind from the anus, with a sound]. (S, O, TA. [See 1, last sentence but one.]) A3: Also, and ↓ فِقْعٌ, (S, O, K,) the latter mentioned by ISk, (S, O,) A species of كَمْأَة [or truffles]; (S, O;) accord. to A 'Obeyd, (S, O,) the white and soft thereof: (S, O, K;) which is the worst thereof; or, as IAth says, a species of the worst [kind] of كمأة, accord. to AHn, it comes forth from the ground so as to appear, white, and is bad; the good being that which is extracted by digging: Lth says, It is a كَمْء [or truffle] that comes forth from the base of the plant called إِجْرِد [q. v.], and is of the worst of كمأة, and the quickest in becoming corrupt: (TA:) the pl. is فِقَعَةٌ, (S, O, K,) which is of both forms of the sing.; (S, O, TA;) and فَقْعٌ, with fet-h, has for pls. أُفْقُعٌ [a pl. of pauc.] and فُقُوعٌ [a pl. of mult.]. (AHn, TA.) A vile man is likened thereto: (S, O, K: *) one says, هُوَ أَذَلُّ مِنْ فَقْعِ قَرْقَرٍ, (S,) or مِنْ فَقْعٍ بقَرْقَرَةٍ, (O, K,) [He is more vile than the فقع of, or than فقع In, a (??) and soft tract of ground,] because the beasts kick it along, (S,) or because it offers not resistance to the gatherer thereof, or because it is trodden with the feet, (O, K,) and the beasts kick it along. (O.) b2: [From a mention of the pl. فَقُوعٌ in art. ذأن, and in the present art. in the TA, it appears that فَقْعٌ is also applied to The species of fungus called ذُؤْنُون, and to the species called طُرْثُوث, &c.] b3: And [hence, perhaps,] فَقْعٌ [as a coll. a.] signifies also (assumed tropical:) Pointed toes (خَرَاطِيم of a sort of boots (O, TA.) فِقْعٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

فَقَاعٍ; see what next follows.

فُقَاعٍ; (O, and thus in my MS, copy of the K; in other copies of the K فُقَاع or فُقَاعٌ; and in all the copies is added بالضَّمِّ كَرُبَاع or كَرُبَاعٍ; [but there is no such word as رُبَاعٍ. nor رُباعٌ; whence it seems to be meant that we should read كَرُبَاعَ; i. e. فُقَاعُ, like رُباعُ, imperfectly decl.; but see what follows;]) so says Ibn-Buzurj: (O:) or, (O, K,) accord. to Az, (O,) ↓ فقاعٍ, (O, K, *) like رُبَاعٍ, (O.) [i. e.] with fet-h, like ثَمَانٍ (كَثَمَانٍ): (K:) [which suggests that كَرُبَاعٍ may be an early mistranscription for كَربَاعٍ, and that فُقَاع is wrong, and only فَقَاعٍ right, though it is said in one place in the TA that فَقَاع is like سَحَاب, i. e. that it is فَقَاعٌ:] or it is ↓ فَقِيعٌ, like أَمِيرٌ; (K, TA;) so accord. to El-Jáhidh, as mentioned by Az: (TA:) applied to a man, as meaning Red; (O, K, TA;) intensely so; by reason of إِغْرَاب [i. e. app., goodliness of condition]: (O, TA:) and ↓ فُقَاعِيٌّ, as an epithet applied to a man, signifies red. (TA.) فَقِيعٌ, (so in the O,) or ↓ فِقِّيعٌ, like سِكِّيتٌ, (K,) but the former, like أَمِيرٌ, is the right, [a coll. gen. n.,] and its n. un. is with ة, (TA,) The white, of pigeons; (K, TA;) said by El-Jáhidh to be such, of pigeons, as are like the صِقْلَابِىّ [or Sclave] of men; (O, TA;) a kind of white pigeon; so called as being likened to a [white] species of truffle [i. e. the فَقْع]. (TA.) b2: أَبْيَضُ فَقِيعٌ, (so in the O,) or ↓ ابيض فِقِّيعٌ, like سِكِّيتٌ, (K,) White that is intense (O, K) in whiteness. (O.) [See also فَاقِعٌ.] b3: فَقِيعٌ as an epithet applied to a man: see فُقَاعٍ.

فُقَّاعٌ: see فُقَاعٍ: b2: and see فَاقِعٌ, in two places.

فَقَّاعٌ One who emits wind from the anus, with a sound, much, or frequently. (TA.) b2: And Strong, or vehement; and bad, corrupt, or wicked. (Lth, O, K.) فُقَّاعٌ. 1 certain beverage, (S, O, L, K,) [a sort of beer.] made from barley: (L, TA:) [but there are several sorts thereof, perhaps peculiar to postclassical times: (see De Sacy's Chrest. Arabe, see, ed., vol. i., pp. 149-154:)] so called because of the froth that rises upon its head. (O, K. [See فُقَّاعَةٌ.]) b2: And A certain plant, (AHn, O, K.) such as is termed ↓ مُتَفَقِّعٌ, i. e., (AHn, O, K. *) which, when it dries up, becomes hard, and as though it were horns. (AHn, O, K.) [Now applied in North-Western Africa to The toadstool, which is called in other parts فُطْرٌ.]

فِقِّيعٌ: see فَقِيعٌ, in two places.

فُقَّاعَةٌ, like رُمَّانَةٌ, sing. of فَقَاقِيعُ, (TA,) which signifies The bubbles that rise upon water, (S, O, K, TA,) and upon wine, (O,) [&c.,] round, [or globular.] (TA,) like قَوَارِير [or vessels of glass]. (S, O, TA.) فُقَّاعِىٌّ A seller of [the beverage called] فُقَّاع. (TA.) فَاقِعٌ (S, O, K) and ↓ فُقَاعِىٌّ (K) Yellow intensely yellow; (S, O, K;) thus both signify: (Lh, K, TA:) or red intensely red: (K:) or red free from an admixture of whiteness: or purely red: (TA:) or فَاقِعٌ is applied to white and to any other colour as signifying free from admixture; (K;) and ↓ فُقَاعِىٌّ is applied in this sense to white: (TA:) and ↓ أَفْقَعُ, of which the pl. is فُقْعٌ, signifies intensely white. (K.) فَاقِعَةٌ A calamity, or misfortune: (S, O, K:) pl. فَوَاقِعُ. (S, O, K. *) أَفْقَعُ; pl. فُقْعٌ: see فَاقِعٌ.

فَقْرٌ مُفْقِعٌ, accord. to the K, signifies مُدْقِعٌ [as though meaning Poverty causing to cleave to the dust or earth]: but the right phrase is فَقِيرٌ مُفْقِعٌ, signifying مُدْقِعٌ [i. e. a poor person cleaving to the dust or earth: for أَدْقَعَ is intrans. as well as trans.]; which denotes the worst condition, like مَجْهُودٌ. (TA.) [See 4.]

مِفْقَعٌ and ↓ مِفْقَاعٌ [The anus (as being the instrument) with which wind is emitted vehemently, with a sound]: see 1, last sentence but one.

خَفٌّ مُفَقَّعٌ i. q. مُخَرُطَمٌ (O, K) i. e. A boot having its fore part pointed. (TA in art. خرطم.) المُفَقِّعَةُ A certain black bird of which the base of the tail is white, (O, K,) that pecks camels', or similar, dung. (O.) مِفْقَاعٌ: see مِفْقَعٌ; and 1, last sentence but one.

مُتَفَقِّعٌ: see فُقَّاعٌ.

فيل

1 فَالَ رَأْيُهُ, aor. ـِ (S, M, O, K,) inf. n. فُيُولَةٌ, (S,) thus in some copies of the K and in the A, (TA,) or فَيْلُولَةٌ, (M, O,) thus in other copies of the K, (TA,) and فَيَالَةٌ, thus in the O, but in the copies of the K فَيْلَة, (TA,) His judgment, or opinion, was weak, (S, M, O, K,) and erroneous; (M, K;) as also ↓ تفيّل; (M, Z, K, TA;) and [in like manner] فِى رَأْيِهِ ↓ فَيَّلَ [not فُيِّلَ] he was incorrect in his judgment, or opinion; and ↓ فَيَّلُوا occurs in a trad. as meaning فال رَأْيُهُمْ: (TA:) [and فَالَ alone, said of a man, signifies the same as فال رَأْيُهُ, as is shown by a verse of El-Kumeyt cited in the T and M and O and TA: but it seems from what here follows (taken from a passage unconnected with the foregoing) that the first and third of what are mentioned above as inf. ns. are regarded by some as simple substs.:] and one says, ↓ فِى رَأْيِهِ فَيَالَةٌ, (T, M, K, TA,) the last word like سَحَابَةٌ, (TA, [in the CK, erroneously, فى رِوَايَةٍ فِيَالَةٌ,]) and ↓ فُيُولَةٌ, (M, K, TA,) meaning [In his judgment, or opinion, is] a weakness. (TA.) A2: And فال signifies also He (a man) magnified himself, and became like the elephant (الفِيل); or he showed a morose aspect: (TA:) [or it may so signify: IAar cites the following verse: مِنَ النَّاسِ أَقْوَامٌ إِذَا صَادَفُوا الغِنَى

تَوَلَّوْا وَفَالُوا لِلصَّدِيقِ وَفَخَّمُوا which may mean [Of mankind are folks who, when they find riches, turn the back, and] magnify themselves and become like the elephant [to the friend, and aggrandize themselves] or show a morose aspect to the friend [&c.]; for the elephant is morose in aspect. (M.) 2 فيّل رَأْيَهُ, (S, M, K,) inf. n. تَفْيِيلٌ, He declared [or esteemed] his judgment, or opinion, to be weak, (S.) or bad, and erroneous. (M, K.) Umeiyeh Ibn Abee-'Áïdh says, فَلَوْ غَيْرَهَا مِنْ وُلْدِ كَعْبِ بْنِ كَاهِلٍ

مَدَحْتَ بِقَوْلٍ صَادِقٍ لَمْ تُفَيَّلِ meaning لَمْ يُفَيَّلْ رَأْيُكَ (SKr, M) i. e. [But hadst thou praised other than her, of the children of Kaab Ibn-Káhil, with a true saying,] thy judgment, or opinion, would not have been declared weak. (SKr.) b2: See also 1, in two places.3 فَايَلَ, [inf. n. مُفَايَلَةٌ and فِيَالٌ, (see الفَيَالُ below,)] He played [at the game called الفَيَال: see its part. n. below]. (O.) 5 تفيّل: see 1.

A2: Also He (a man, K, [or a camel, as is indicated in the O,]) became fat, (O, K,) as though he were a فِيل [or an elephant]. (O.) [See also 10.] b2: And, said of youth, or young manhood, (الشَّبَاب,) It increased, (Lth, T, M, O, K,) and became in its prime and fulness. (Lth, T, O.) b3: And, said of herbage, It became tall, and full-grown; or became of its full height, and blossomed. (Th, M, K.) 10 اِسْتَفْيَلَ He (a camel) became like the فِيل [or elephant] (M, K, TA) in bigness: (TA:) mentioned by IJ among the class of اسْتَحْوَذَ and the like: part. n. مُسْتَفْيِلٌ. (M.) [See also 5.]

فَالٌ: see فِيلٌ, latter half: A2: and the paragraph commencing with فَائِلُ الرَّأْىِ, near its end: A3: and see also فَأْلٌ, in art. فأل.

فَيْلٌ: see the paragraph here following.

فِيلُ [The elephant; Pers\. پيل;] a certain animal, (TA,) well known: pl. [of pauc.] أَفْيَالٌ and [of mult.] فُيُولٌ and فِيَلَةٌ; (S, M, O, Msb, K;) not أَفْيِلَةٌ: (ISk, S, O, Msb:) accord. to Sb.

فِيلٌ may be originally of the measure فُعْلٌ, (S, M, O,) pronounced with kesr because of the ى, like as they said أَبْيَضُ and بيضٌ; but Akh says, this is not the case in the sing, but only in the pl.: (S, O:) fem. with ة. (M, K) b2: Hence, لَيْلَةٌ مِثْلُ لَوْنِ الفِيلِ [lit. A night like the colour of the elephant;] meaning a night that is black. (M, TA,) and dust-coloured; (M;) in which one knows not the right course to pursue: the colours of the فيل being of this kind. (M, TA.) b3: [Hence, also, دَآءُ الفِيلِ The disease called by us the tumid Barbadoes leg; because the leg of the patient resembles that of the elephant by reason of its enormously-swollen state: not (as some have supposed it to be) elephantiasis; this latter being termed جُذَام (q. v.) [b4: And hence, likewise, used as an epithet,] فِيلٌ signifies also (tropical:) Heavy [or dull]; and low, ignoble, or mean. (K, TA.) b5: And one says رَجُلٌ فِيلُ الرَّأْىِ, meaning A man weak in respect of judgment, or opinion; (T, S, M, O, K;) and so ↓ فِيْلُهُ; (M, K;) and ↓ فَائِلُهُ: (T, M, O, K;) and ↓ فَيِّلُهُ, (ISk, T, S, M, O, K,) of the measure فَيْعِل; (O:) and ↓ فَالُهُ, (T, M, O, K,) and فَالٌ alone. (S, K.) meaning weak in respect of judgment, or opinion; (T, S, M, O, K;) erring in insight: (S:) pl. of the first] أَفْيَالٌ: (S, M, O, K:) but AO says, the ↓ فَائِل is one who, inspecting, forms an opinion and errs; if he err after examining a horse in all its states or conditions and forming an opinion respecting it from his inspection, [not while doing so,] he is not reckoned to be فائل. (TA.) الفَيَالُ and الفِيَالُ, (Lth, T, M, O, K) the former a subst, and the latter an inf. n. [of 3], (Lth, T, O,) and ↓ المُفَايَلَةُ [which is likewise an inf. n. of 3], (M, K,) A certain game, (Lth, T, M, O, K,) well known, (O,) of the children, (T,) or of the youths, or young men, of the Arabs (M, K) of the desert, (M,) with earth, or dust: (Lth, T, M, O:) a thing is hidden in earth, or dust, which is then divided (T, M) into two portions; then the hider says to his companion, In which of them twain is it? (T;) and if he [who is thus questioned] mistake, the hider says to him فَالَ رَأْيُكَ: (T, M, * K; *) ISk termed it الفِئَالُ, with ء; (O;) and it has been mentioned before in art. فأل: (T, O, K:) accord. to some, (TA,) this game is called الطَّبَنُ and السُدَّرُ. (T, TA. [But see the former of these two words.]) فَيَالَةٌ: see the first paragraph.

فُيُولَةٌ: see the first paragraph.

فَيِّلُ اللَّحْمِ A man having much flesh: (T, O, * K:) some pronounce it with ء, (T, O,) saying فَيأَل, (T,) or فَئِل; (O;) both mentioned before [in art. فأل]. (TA.) b2: فَيِّلُ الرَّأْىِ: see فِيلٌ, latter half.

فَيِّالٌ The attendant, or master, (S, M, O, Msb, K,) or the keeper, or driver, (MA, KL,) of the فِيل [or elephant], (S, MA, O, Msb, KL,) or of the فِيلَة. (So in the M and K.) فَائِلُ الرَّأْىِ: see فِيلٌ, latter half, in two places.

A2: الفَائِلُ [as a subst.] signifies The flesh that is upon the خُرْبَة, (S, O,) or خُرْب, (K, [in the M, accord. to the TT, حرف, app. a mistranscription,]) of the وَرِك; (S, M, O, K;) [which, I think, will be plainly seen from what follows to mean the flesh that is upon the sacro-ischiatic foramen; though خُرْبَةُ الوَرِكِ and خُرْبُ الوَرِكِ are said in the TA, in art. خرب, to mean “ the hole where the head of the thigh-bone is inserted; ”] so says A 'Obeyd: (S, O:) or, (S, M, O, K,) as some say, so adds A 'Obeyd, (S, O,) a certain vein (T, S, M, O, K) in the خُرْبَة of the وَرِك, descending into the leg, (T,) or in the thigh: (S, O:) As says, in “ the Book of the Horse,” in the وَرِك is the خُرْبَة, which is a نُقْرَة wherein is flesh, no bone being in it; and in that نُقْرَة is the فَائِل, and there is no bone between the said نقرة and the belly, but only skin and flesh; (T, * S, O;) and he cites the saying of El-Aashà, قَدْ نَخْضِبُ العَيْرَ فِى مَكْنُونِ فَائِلِهِ وَقَدْ يَشِيطُ عَلَى أَرْمَاحِنَا البَطَلُ [Oft we stain the ridge of the spear-head in what is concealed in the interior of his فائل, and oft the man of valour dies by means of our spears]; مَكْنُونُ الفَائِلِ means his blood: he says [by implication], we are skilful in respect of the place of piercing: (S, O:) but As said مِنْ in the place of فِى; and AA, قَدْ نَطْعُنُ; which has been pronounced to be wrong: (O:) or the فَائِلَانِ, (T, M,) or the ↓ فَائِلَتَانِ, (so in the K, [app. a mistranscription,]) are two veins entering into the interior parts of the thighs (T, M, K,) in the hinder parts thereof; (M, K;) and they adduce as an evidence thereof the verse of El-Aashà cited above, saying that the epithet مكنون would not have been used if the فائل were not a vein; but others say that [the poet meant that] he made the spear-head to become concealed in the furthest part of the flesh; and if the فائل were a vein, it would not have been mentioned as it has been in a phrase of Imra-el-Keys which will be cited in what follows: (M:) [hence it is said,] or they are two portions of flesh [between which is the lower part of the os sacrum, i. e.] the lower parts of which are upon the صَلَوَان [dual of صَلًا], from the region of the lower portions of the حَجَبَتَانِ to the عَجْب, bordering upon the عُصْعُص on either side, descending in the two sides of the two thighs; [so in a human being,] and thus in the horse: (M, K: [for the meanings of the words that I have here left untranslated, I must refer to their several proper arts.; as they are variously explained:]) ↓ الفَالُ is a dial. var. of الفَائِلُ; (M, K, TA;) which is expl. by Sgh [in the O] as meaning a certain vein issuing from the فَوَّارَة of the وَرِك [i. e. from the sacro-ischiatic foramen]: (TA:) [but the assertion that الفال is a dial. var. of الفائل seems to be founded only upon what here follows:] Imra-el-Keys says, [describing a horse,] لَهُ حَجَبَاتٌ مُشْرِفَاتٌ عَلَى الفَالِ (S, M; or على الفَالِى, as in the O and TA;) [i. e. He has edges of the haunch-bones projecting above, or beyond, the فائل; for] he means على فَائِلِ, having altered the latter word by transposition. (T, S, O, TA.) فَائِلَةٌ: see its dual in the next preceding paragraph, near the middle.

أَفْيَلُ [More, and most, weak, or erroneous; relating to a judgment, or an opinion]. أَفْيَلُ مِنَ الرَّأْىِ الدَّبَرِىِّ is a prov., meaning [More weak] than an opinion that is given after the affair [to which it relates] has passed. (Meyd.) مُفَايِلٌ [in the S and O in art. فأل, with ء, i. e. مُفَائِلٌ,] Playing at the game called الفَيَالُ. (M, O.) المُفَايَلَةُ expl. as a subst.: see الفَيَالُ.

مَفْيُولَآء [a quasi-pl. n. (like مَشْيُوخَآءُ &c.), but one of which the sing. (if it have one) is not mentioned,] The young ones of the فِيل [or elephant]. (O, K.) مُسْتَفْيِلٌ part. n. of 10, q. v. (M.)

فوه

1 فَاهَ بِهِ, (S, Msb, K,) aor. ـُ (S, Msb) and يَفِيهُ also, (ISd, TA,) inf. n. فَوْهٌ, (MA,) [and inf. n. of unity فَوْهَةٌ, (see Har p. 434,)] He uttered it, or pronounced it, (S, Msb, K,) namely, a saying; (S;) as also ↓ تفوّه. (S, K.) One says, مَا فُهْتُ بِكَلِمَةٍ, and ↓ ما تَفَوَّهْتُ, i. e. I opened not my mouth with a word, or sentence. (S.) فَاهَ لِسَانٌ, a phrase used by El-Hareeree, the Arabs did not say: they only said, فاه الرَّجُلُ بِكَذَا [The man opened his mouth with such a thing, i. e., with such a saying, &c.]. (Har p. 191.) And هٰذَا أَمْرٌ مَا فُهْتُ عَنْهُ, inf. n. فُوُوهٌ [or فُؤُوهٌ ?], is a saying mentioned by Fr, as meaning This is a thing, or an affair, which I mentioned not, or have not mentioned. (TA.) b2: See also 2.

A2: فَوِهَ, aor. ـْ [inf. n. فَوَهٌ,] He (a man) had what is termed ↓ فَوَهٌ, (S, TA,) which means width of the mouth, (S, K, TA,) and largeness thereof: (TA:) or protrusion and length of the upper central incisors: (S, TA:) or length of all the teeth; length of the upper central incisors being termed رَوَقٌ: (IB, TA:) or protrusion of the teeth from the lips, with length thereof. (K, TA.) 2 فوّههُ He (i. e. God) made him to be أَفْوَه [or wide in the mouth, &c.]. (S, K.) b2: شَدَّ مَا فَوَّهْتَ فِى هٰذَا الطَّعَامِ, [thus accord. to the TA, but an explanation of مُفَوَّهٌ seems to show that the right reading is فُوِّهْتَ, in the pass. form,] and ↓ تَفَوَّهْتَ, and ↓ فُهْتَ, means شَدَّ مَا أَكَلْتَ [app. Much indeed, or greatly indeed, didst thou eat, or hast thou eaten, of this food; see شَدَّ: and see also 10]. (TA.) 3 فاوههُ, (K, TA,) inf. n. مُفَاوَهَةٌ; (TA;) and فَاهَاهُ, [formed from the former by transposition,] (K, TA,) inf. n. مُفَاهَاةٌ; (TA;) He talked, or discoursed, with him: [see also 6:] and he contended with him for superiority in glory, or excellence. (K, TA.) 5 تفوّه He spoke. (KL.) See also 1, first and second sentences. b2: And see 2.

A2: تفوّه المَكَانَ (assumed tropical:) He entered the فُوَّهَة of the place; (K, TA;) i. e., the mouth thereof; likened to the فَم [properly thus called] as being the first place of ingress to the interior thereof. (TA.) 6 تفاوهوا They talked [app. one to another: see 3]. (K.) 10 استفاه, (S, K,) inf. n. اِسْتِفَاهَةٌ and اِسْتِفَاهٌ, (K,) the latter mentioned by Lh, (TA,) He (a man, S) ate, (S, K,) or drank, (K,) vehemently, after scantiness, (S, K,) or after weakness; (so in a copy of the S;) but seldom used in relation to drinking: or you say, استفاه فِى الطَّعَامِ, meaning he ate much of the food: so says IAar, not particularizing the act as being after scarcity or not. (TA.) [See also 2.] b2: And He quenched his thirst by drinking. (K.) فَاهٌ: see what next follows: and see the next paragraph again, in the latter half: A2: and the same word, and فَاهٍ, (the latter in two places,) see voce فَاوُوهَةٌ.

فُوهٌ and ↓ فَاهٌ and ↓ فِيهٌ (K, TA) and, accord. to the copies of the K, فُوهَةٌ, [or, as in the CK, فَوْهَة,] but correctly ↓ فُوَّهَةٌ, (TA,) and فَمٌ, all signify the same [i. e. The mouth]: (K, TA:) the pl. is أَفْوَاهٌ, (S, K, TA,) pl. of فُوهٌ, (S, TA,) and as such its case is plain; as pl. of فِيهٌ, it is like أَرْوَاحٌ as pl. of رِيحٌ; as pl of فَاهٌ, it is allowable as having و for its original medial radical; but as pl. of فُوَّهَةٌ, it is anomalous: (TA:) and another pl. is أَفْمَامٌ, (K, TA,) said by some to be pl. of فُمٌّ or فَمٌّ, with teshdeed, of which an ex. occurs in a verse cited in the first paragraph of art. فم; but some disallow this pl.; and accord. to some, (TA,) it has no sing. (K, TA) agreeable with rule, (TA,) for فَمٌ is originally فَوَهٌ, (K, TA,) with the و movent by fet-h, or [فَوْهٌ, as in some copies of the S,] with the و quiescent, on the authority of IJ; (TA;) the ه is elided, and the و becomes a movent final, therefore it must be changed into ا, because of the fet-hah preceding it, so the word becomes فا; but a noun may not be of two letters whereof one is [the ن of] the tenween, (K, TA,) thus the passage is expressed in the M, but MF remarks that correctly we should say whereof one is the ا, (TA,) and therefore a hard letter is substituted for it, one similar to it in kind, which is م, for they are both labials, and in the م is a sort of humming sound (هَوِىٌّ, in the CK هُوِىٌّ,) in the mouth, [or rather in the nose,] resembling [the sound of] the prolongation of the و: (K, TA:) [several similar disquisitions, added in the TA, respecting the change from فوه to فم, I omit, regarding them as needless: what is said on this subject in the S, in art. فم, I have mentioned in that art.:] in the present art., J says that the م of فم is a substitute for the ه, not for the و, of فوه; but this is a mistake: (IB, TA:) the dual of فَمٌ is فَمَانِ and فَمَوَانِ (IAar, S, Msb, K) and فَمَيَانِ, the second and third of which are anomalous: (IAar, K:) of the second, which occurs in a verse of ElFarezdak, [and respecting which see the first paragraph of art. فم,] Sb says that it is used by poetic license. (TA.) In using it as a prefixed noun, in the phrase هٰذَا فُوهُهُ, they deemed the combination of the two هs difficult in respect of utterance; therefore they suppressed the [radical]

ه thereof [in this case, and then in other, similar, cases], and said, هٰذَا فُوهُ, and فُو زَيْدٍ, and رَأَيْتُ فَا زَيْدٍ, and مَرَرْتُ بِفِى زَيْدٍ: and when prefixing it to [the pronoun denoting] thyself, thou sayest, هٰذَا فِىَّ; and this thou dost alike in using it in the nom. case and in the accus. and in the gen., because the و [of فُو] is changed into ى and is then incorporated [into the pronominal ى]: (S, and the like is said in the Msb:) and sometimes, though rarely, they did the like in other cases, when not prefixing it; for instance, فَا occurs at the end of a verse of El-'Ajjáj, without an affix, in this case for فَاهَا. (S.) b2: In the saying كَلَّمْتُهُ فَاهُ إِلَى فِىَّ, meaning I spoke to him, his mouth being near to my mouth, فاه is in the accus. case as a denotative of state: (S, TA: *) or by reason of the derivative [مُكَلِّمًا] meant to be understood: or, as Sb says, it is an instance of one of the nouns that are put in the place of inf. ns., and it is not to be separated from what should follow it, so that you may not say كَلَّمْتُهُ فَاهَ [alone], for you tell of your nearness to the person, and that there is not any one between you and him: and if you will, you may use the nom. case, meaning وَهٰذِهِ حَالُهُ [this being his state], (Sb, TA,) i. e. فُوهُ إِلَى فِىَّ [his mouth was near to my mouth], the clause [following كلّمته] occupying the place of a denotative of state. (TA.) b3: The saying فَاهَا لِفِيكَ, (Meyd, K, TA,) which is a prov., (Meyd, TA,) means May God make the mouth of misfortune to cleave to thy mouth; (Meyd, K, * TA;) [but lit. signifies, only, her, or its, mouth to thy mouth; and is [likewise] an instance of one of the nouns that are used in the manner of inf. ns. expressive of imprecation, by reason of a verb not mentioned: Sb says, فاها is without tenween, meaning فَا الدَّاهِيَةِ, as is shown by the saying, وَدَاهِيَةٍ مِنْ دَوَاهِى المَنُو نِ يَرْهَبُهَا النَّاسُ لَا فَا لَهَا

[Many a misfortune is there, of the misfortunes of time, which men fear, that has no mouth, wherewith to bite]: (Sb, TA:) A'Obeyd says that its primary meaning is, may God make the ground to be in thy mouth; that it is like the sayings بِفِيكَ الحَجَرُ and بِفِيكَ الأَثْلَبُ; (S, Meyd;) and [hence] it means disappointment [cleave] to thee: (S, * Meyd:) a man of Belhujeym, (S, Meyd,) cited by A'Obeyd, (S,) addressing a wolf that sought to get his she-camel, (Meyd,) says, فَقُلْتُ لَهُ فَاهَا لِفِيكَ فَإِنَّهَا قَلُوصُ امْرِئٍ قَارِيكَ مَا أَنْتَ حَاذِرُهُ [And I said to him, فاها لفيك, for she is the youthful she-camel of a man who will give thee as a guest's entertainment that which thou fearest]; (S, Meyd; but in the S, as IB has observed, فَإِنَّهُ is erroneously put for فَإِنَّهَا;) i. e. [who will entertain thee with] the shooting of arrows; (Meyd;) [by قَارِيكَ] he means يَقْرِيكَ, from قِرَى

الضَّيْفِ: (S:) it is also said that فَاهَا is metonymically used as meaning the dust of the earth, which is termed the mouth of the earth because it drinks the water; and it is as though the saying meant the dust be in thy mouth: (Meyd:) Sh is related to have said, I heard IAar say لِفِيكَ ↓ فَاهًا, with tenween, meaning may God make thy mouth to cleave to the ground; [or rather, ground to thy mouth; lit., simply, a mouth to thy mouth;] and some say فَاهَا لِفِيكَ, without tenween, as an imprecation meaning (assumed tropical:) may God break thy فَم [i. e. thy teeth, to which فَم is often metonymically applied, as is also فُوه]. (TA.) b4: One says also, سَقَى فُلَانٌ إِبِلَهُ عَلَى أَفْوَاهِهَا, meaning (tropical:) Such a one drew for his camels the water when they came to it, while they were drinking; not having stored it for them in the drinking-trough: and جَرَّ فُلَانٌ

إِبِلَهُ عَلَى أَفْوَاهِهَا (tropical:) Such a one suffered his camels to pasture while going along [by his driving them gently: see art. جر]: so says As: and so accord. to the A and other lexicons; but the author of the K, by an omission, has assigned the latter explanation to the former phrase. (TA.) b5: لَوْ وَجَدْتُ

إِلَيْهِ فَا كَرِشٍ, meaning أَدْنَى طَرِيقٍ, (K, TA,) has [with other, similar, phrases] been explained in art. كرش [q. v.]. (TA.) b6: فُو فَرَسٍ حَمِرٍ [Mouth of a horse that is suffering indigestion in consequence of his having eaten barley and so made it to stink] is an appellation applied to him who has stinking breath. (TA. [An ex. of it occurs in a verse of Imra-el-keys cited in the TA in art. حمر as in Ahlwardt's “ Divans of the Six Ancient Arabic Poets,” p. 125; and differently in De Slane's “ Diwan d'Amro-'kaïs,” p. 36 of the Arabic text.]) b7: And فُو جُرَدٍ [Mouth of a large fieldrat] and فُو دَبًا [Mouth of a sort of small wingless locust, or perhaps correctly فُو دَبَاةٍ mouth of a small wingless locust,] are nicknames applied to a little man. (TA.) b8: One says also, لَا فُضُّ فُوهُ, meaning (tropical:) May his teeth, or front teeth, not be broken. (K, * TA.) And سَقَطَ فُوهُ (assumed tropical:) His teeth fell out. (TA in art. فض [q. v.]) b9: And مَاتَ لِفِيهِ i. e. لِوَجْهِهِ [meaning (tropical:) He died upon his face; prone: like سَقَطَ لِوَجْهِهِ (assumed tropical:) He fell upon his face: the ل in both being used in the sense of عَلَى; as it is in the phrase خَرُّوا لِأَذْقَانِهِمْ (expl. in art. خر), &c.]. (A, K, TA. [The explanation in the TK, being somewhat ambiguous (though correct), has misled Freytag in this case.]) And [in like manner, using لِ in the sense of على,] كبَّهُ اللّٰهُ لِفِيهِ, one of their forms of imprecation, meaning (assumed tropical:) May God cause him to die: or prostrate him [upon his face; as also كَبَّهُ لِوَجْهِهِ]. (TA.) b10: [See also فُوَّهَةٌ as syn. with فُوهٌ; like which it has أَفْوَاهٌ for a pl.]

A2: فُوهٌ also, having for its pl. أَفْوَاهٌ, and pl. pl. أَفَاوِيهُ, (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) [which last is of very frequent occurrence,] signifies Perfume, or an odoriferous substance: (Mgh, Msb:) or a thing, or substance, with which a perfume, or an odoriferous substance, is compounded or prepared (يُعَالَجُ); like as تَوَابِلُ signifies things, or substances, with which sorts of food are compounded or prepared: (S, Mgh:) or the تَوَابِل [or seeds used in cooking] with which food is compounded or prepared (يُعَالَجُ) are also called أَفْوَاهُ الطِّيبِ: (Msb:) [the pl. and pl. pl. are now generally applied to spices, or aromatics:] or الأَفْوَاهُ, the pl. mentioned above, signifies [the seeds called] التَّوَابِلُ: and also what diffuse fragrance [I read نَوَافِحُ, as in my MS. copy of the K, pl. of نَافِحٌ, q. v., instead of نَوَافِجُ (with جِيم), the only reading that I find in other copies of the K, regarding the latter as indubitably a mistranscription,] of perfumes, or odoriferous substances: (K:) and the sorts, or species, of flowers; (K, TA;) thus says AHn; and in one place he says that الافواح signifies what are prepared for perfume, of sweetsmelling flowers; and sometimes they are of herbs, or leguminous plants: (TA:) and also sorts, or species, of a thing [app. of any kind]: (K:) and one says, هُوَ مِنْ أَفْوَاهِ الطيب, and أَفْوَاهِ البُقُولِ, meaning It is of the sorts, or species, and of the mixtures, or compounds, of perfume, and of herbs, or leguminous plants: (Mgh:) but فُوهٌ is not applied to anything that is termed عَقَّارٌ. (AHeyth, TA in art. عقر.) فَوَهٌ: see 1, last sentence. b2: Also The quality of a مَحَالَة [or large sheave of a pulley] such as is termed فَوْهَآء, fem. of أَفْوَهُ, q. v. (TA.) فِيهِ: see its syn. فُوهٌ.

فُوهَةٌ: see فُوَّهَةٌ, in five places.

فُوَّهٌ Certain slender, long, red roots, with which one dyes; beneficial for the liver and the spleen and the نَسَا [app. as meaning sciatica or the sciatic nerve] and pain of the hip and of the flank, powerfully diuretic, and kneaded with vinegar and applied as a liniment it cures the [leprosy termed]

بَرَص: (K, TA:) but the word was not known to Az in this sense, [which is the only meaning, except one which I think doubtful, that I find assigned to it;] and it is said to be the فُوَّة [which see in art. فو, i. e. madder]. (TA.) A2: See also فُوَّهَةٌ.

فَيِّهُ, originally فَيْوِهٌ: see مُفَوَّهٌ.

فُوَّهَةٌ: see its syn. فُوهٌ. b2: [Hence] it signifies also (tropical:) The فَم [i. e. mouth] of a place; likened to the فَم [properly so called] as being the first place of ingress, or entrance, to the interior: (TA:) [and so too as being the place of egress, or exit, from the interior:] it is of a river, or rivulet, (Lth, S, Msb, TA,) and of a valley, or water-course, or torrent-bed, (K, TA,) and of a street, and of a road; (S, Msb, K, TA;) signifying the فَم [or mouth]; as also ↓ فُوهَةٌ, (K, TA,) without teshdeed; mentioned by IAar: (TA:) or it signifies thus in relation to a river, or rivulet; (Lth, Msb, TA;) the foremost part thereof: or, as some say, the place of its pouring into the كِظَامَة [q. v.]: and accord. to Lth, in relation to a valley, or water-course, or torrent-bed, its رَأْس [or head, as though in this case having one, or each, of two contr. meanings, unless, as I believe it to be, the mouth, or outlet, of a valley or water-course or torrent-bed be sometimes called its رأس as being its foremost part]: (TA:) and of a street, it is the place of egress, or exit; (Msb;) the foremost part thereof: (TA:) and of a road, it is the فَم [or mouth], which is the upper part thereof (اعلاه): (Msb: [thus in my copy; but I think that اعلاه is a mistranscription, in my copy, for أَوَّلُهُ, and that the correct meaning is therefore the foremost part thereof, agreeably with what is said above in relation to a road and to a river or rivulet:]) but accord. to some, ↓ فُوهَةٌ, without teshdeed, is not allowable; and one should say, الطَّرِيقِ قَعَدَ عَلَى فُوَّهَةٍ, and ↓ فُوَّهِهِ [probably, I think, a mistranscription for فوهِهِ, with the و quiescent, both meaning He sat at the mouth of the road]; not ↓ فُوهَتِهِ, without teshdeed: (TA:) and فُوَّهَةٌ signifies also (assumed tropical:) the first, or foremost, part, of a thing; (K, TA;) like that of the street and that of the river or rivulet: [whence] one says, طَلَعَ عَلَيْنَا فُوَّهَةُ إِبِلِكَ i. e. (tropical:) The first, or foremost, portion of thy camels [came to us, or came forth upon us]; like the phrase فُوَّهَةُ الطَّرِيقِ: (TA:) the pl. of فُوَّهَةٌ is أَفْوَاهٌ, (Ks, S, Msb, TA,) which is anomalous, (S, Msb, TA,) and (TA) فُوَّهَاتٌ [in the CK فُوْهاتٌ] and فَوَائِهُ. (K, TA.) [Hence] one says, دَخَلُوا فِى أَفْوَاهِ البَلَدِ وَخَرَجُوا مِنْ أَرْجُلِهِ, (A, K, * TA,) in the copies of the K أَرْجُلِهَا, which is wrong, (TA,) i. e. (tropical:) They entered into the foremost parts of the country, or town, and went forth from the hindermost parts thereof: (A, K, TA:) the sing. of أَفْوَاه as here used is فُوَّهَةٌ. (TA.) A2: It signifies also A say, or saying, or speech; (S, K, TA;) from 1 in the first of the senses assigned to it above: hence one says, إِنَّ رَدَّ الفُوَّهَةِ لَشَدِيدٌ (S, TA) Verily the retracting of that which has been said is difficult: (Har p. 434:) and [hence] one says also, هُوَ يَخَافُ فُوَّهَةَ النَّاسِ [He fears the say, or speech, of men]. (TA.) b2: And The Muslims' rending one another's reputation by evil speech, or by backbiting; (K, TA;) as also ↓ فُوهَةً. (TA.) b3: إِنَّهُ لَذُو فُوَّهَةٍ means Verily he is strong in speech, and free, or unconstrained, in tongue. (TA.) b4: And one says, مَا أَشَدَّ فُوَّهَةَ بَعِيرِكَ فِى هٰذَا الكَلَأِ, meaning [How vehement is] thy camel's eating [of this herbage]! and in like manner, فُوَّهَةَ فَرَسِكَ [the vehement eating of thy horse]: whence their saying أَفْوَاهُهَا مَجَاسُّهَا [which may be well rendered as it has been in art. جس, q. v.], meaning Their good eating shows thee their fatness, causing thee to be in no need of feeling them to test their condition. (TA.) A3: And Milk, as long as there remains in it the taste of sweetness; (K, * TA;) as also ↓ فُوهَةٌ; and sometimes correctly said with ق, i. e. [قُوهَةٌ,] without teshdeed. (TA.) فَاوُوهَةٌ A man who reveals, or discloses, everything that is in his mind; as also ↓ فَاهٍ, (Fr, S, TA, [but omitted in one of my copies of the S,]) and ↓ فَاهٌ: (Fr, TA:) and بِجُوعِهِ ↓ فَاهٍ one who reveals his hunger; originally فَائِهٌ, like as they said هَارٍ and هَائِرٌ. (TA.) أَفْوَهُ Having what is termed فَوَهٌ, meaning as expl. in the last sentence of the first paragraph [i. e. width of the mouth, &c.]; fem. فَوْهَآءُ; (S, K, TA;) the former applied to a man, and the latter to a woman; (S, TA;) and in like manner to horses. (TA.) فَوْهَآءُ شَوْهَآءُ, applied to a woman, means Wide-mouthed, ugly: and, applied to a mare, wide-mouthed, long-headed: or sharp in spirit. (TA.) b2: [Hence,] بِئْرٌ فَوْهَآءُ A widemouthed well. (K.) b3: And طَعْنَةٌ فَوْهَآءُ A wide wound made by piercing. (K.) b4: And مَحَالَةٌ فَوْهَآءُ [A large sheave of a pulley] (S, K, TA) that is wide (K, TA) and (TA) whereof the teeth between which runs the well-rope are long. (S, TA.) [See also مَحَالَةٌ فَوْقَآءُ, in art. فوق.]

مُفَوَّهٌ and ↓ فَيِّهٌ, (S, K,) the latter originally فَيْوِهٌ, (S,) Eloquent; (S, K, TA;) and so فَيِّهَةٌ applied to a woman; (S, TA;) able in speech; an able speaker: or فَيِّهٌ signifies good in speech; a good speaker: (TA:) or both signify good and eloquent in speech; as though taken from الفَوَهُ meaning “ width of the mouth: ” (IAar, TA:) or having an inordinate desire, or appetite, for food; a vehement eater; (K, TA;) applied to a man and to other than man: (TA:) and the latter (فَيِّهٌ), having an inordinate and insatiable desire, or appetite, for food: (TA:) and this also signifies a man who eats much; syn. أَكُولٌ; (S, K;) and so does ↓ مُسْتَفِيهٌ: (K [in some copies of which, كوفى is strangely put in the place of اكول in the explanation here given]:) or ↓ مُسْتَفِيهٌ signifies a man eating vehemently after scantiness, (S,) or after weakness: (thus in a copy of the S:) and مُفَوَّهٌ is also expl. as meaning a man who eats vehemently. (TA.) And one says مِنْطِيقٌ مُفَوَّهٌ (K, TA) meaning [Very] eloquent in speech: (TA:) and مَنْطِقٌ مُفَوَّهٌ (K, TA) Good, or excel-lent, speech, or diction. (TA.) A2: شَرَابٌ مُفَوَّهٌ means [Beverage, or wine,] perfumed (K, TA.) with [the odoriferous substances called] أَفَاوِيهُ [pl. pl. of فُوهُ, q. v.]. (TA.) A3: And ثَوْبٌ مُفَوَّهٌ (Lth, K) and مُفَوًّى (K) A garment, or piece of cloth, dyed with فُوَّه [or فُوَّة, i. e. madder]. (Lth, K.) مُسْتَفِيهٌ: see the next preceding paragraph, in two places.

سكر

1 سَكِرَ, aor. ـَ inf. n. سَكَرٌ (S, Mgh, Msb, K) and سُكْرٌ, (A, Mgh, K,) or this is a simple subst., (S, Msb,) and سُكُرٌ and سَكْرٌ (K) and سِكَرٌ (Msb) and سَكَرَانٌ, (K,) He was, or became, intoxicated, inebriated, or drunken; (MA, KL, &c.;) contr. of صَحَا. (S, A, K.) [See also سُكْرٌ, below.] b2: [Hence,] سَكِرَ عَلَىَّفُلَانٌ, (A,) inf. n. سَكَرٌ, (K,) (tropical:) Such a one was, or became, violently angry with me: (A:) or angry; or enraged. (K.) and لَهُ عَلَىَّ سَكَرٌ (tropical:) He has violent anger against me. (A.) b3: And سَكِرَتْ أَبْصَارُنَا; and سَكِرَت أَبْصَارُ القَوْمِ; and سَكِرَتْ عَيْنُهُ: see 2. b4: Also سَكِرَ, aor. ـَ (TK,) inf. n. سَكَرٌ, (IAar, K,) It (a wateringtrough, or tank, TK) was, or became, full. (IAar, K, TK.) b5: And سَكِرَتِ الرِّيحُ, (A, and so in my MS. copy of the K,) or سَكَرَت, (S, O, and so in the CK,) aor. ـُ (S, O,) or, as some relate a verse of Jendel Ibn-El-Muthennà Et-Tuhawee, in which it occurs, سَكَرَ, (O,) [indicating that the pret. is سَكِرَت or that the aor. is irreg.,] inf. n. سُكُورٌ (S, O, K) and سَكَرَانٌ, (K,) (tropical:) The wind became still, (S, A, O, K,) after blowing. (S.) And سَكَرَ, [or سَكِرَ,] inf. n. سُكُورٌ, (tropical:) It (water) became still, ceasing to run: so says Az: and (tropical:) it (the sea) became calm, or motionless: so says IAar. (TA.) And سَكِرَ, (A,) or سَكَرَ, aor. ـُ (TA,) (tropical:) It (food [in a cooking-pot], or hot water, A, or a hot thing, TA) ceased to boil, or estuate, (A, TA,) or to burn, or be hot: (TA:) and (assumed tropical:) it (heat) became allayed, or it subsided. (TA.) A2: سَكَرَهُ: see 4. b2: Also, (IAar, TA,) aor. ـُ (TK,) inf. n. سَكْرٌ, (K,) He filled it. (IAar, K, * TA.) b3: Also, (S, Mgh, Msb,) aor. as above, (S, Msb,) and so the inf. n.; (S, Mgh, Msb, K;) and ↓ سكّرهُ, inf. n. تَسْكِيرٌ; (MF;) He stopped it up, or dammed it; namely, a river, or rivulet. (S, Mgh, Msb, K, MF.) And hence, سَكَرَ البَابَ, and ↓ سكّرهُ, (assumed tropical:) He closed, or stopped up, the door. (TA.) b4: سُكِرَتْ أَبْصَارُنَا: see 2.2 سكّرهُ: see 4. b2: And see also 1, last two explanations. b3: سُكِرَتْ أَبْصَارُنَا, in the Kur [xv. 15], means (tropical:) Our eyes have been prevented from seeing, and dazzled: (S, K:) or have been covered over: (Aboo-' Amr Ibn-El-' Alà, S, K:) and ↓ سُكِرَتْ, without teshdeed, have been prevented from seeing: (Fr, K: *) or this latter, which is the reading of El-Hasan, means, accord. to him, have been enchanted: (S:) or both mean, have been covered and closed by enchantment, so that we imagined ourselves to behold things which we did not really see: (T, TA:) Mujáhid explains the latter reading as meaning, have been stopped up; i. e., have been covered by that which prevented their seeing, like as water is prevented from flowing by a سِكْر [or dam]: (A 'Obeyd:) and another reading is ↓ سَكِرَتْ, meaning, have become dazzled, like those of the intoxicated: (Ksh, Bd: *) AO says that أَبْصَارُ القَوْمِ ↓ سَكِرَتْ means (tropical:) The people became affected by a giddiness; and an affection like cloudiness of the eye, or weakness of the sight, came over them, so that they did not see; and Aboo-'Amr Ibn-El-'Alà says that this signification is derived from سُكْرٌ; as though their eyes were intoxicated: Zj says that عَيْنُهُ ↓ سَكِرَتْ means (assumed tropical:) his eye became dazzled, and ceased to see. (TA.) b4: سُكِّرَ لِلْحَاجَةِ, meaning (assumed tropical:) His judgment, or opinion, was confused respecting the object of want, is said of a man only before he has determined upon the thing alluded to. (TA.) b5: سكّرهُ, inf. n. تَسْكِيرٌ, also signifies He squeezed his throat, or throttled him. (S, K.) One says, البَعِيرُ يُسَكِّرُ آخَرَ بِذِرَاعِهِ حَتَّى يَكَادُ يَقْتُلُهُ [The camel throttles another with his arm so that he almost kills him]. (S.) 4 اسكرهُ It (wine, or beverage,) intoxicated, or inebriated, him; (S, A;) or deprived him of his reason; (Msb;) as also, accord. to some, ↓ سَكَرَهُ; (MF, TA;) but the former is that which commonly obtains; (TA;) [and ↓ سكّرهُ has the same signification; or its inf. n.] تَسْكِيرٌ signifies the causing, or making, to be affected with the remains of intoxication. (KL. [See the pass. part. n. of this last, below.]) The first is also said of قريض [app. a mistranscription for قريص, which may be syn. with قَارِصٌ, meaning “ sour milk,” for this has an effect like intoxication when too much of it has been drunk]; and thus applied it is tropical. (TA.) 6 تساكر He feigned intoxication, or a state of drunkenness. (S, A. *) 8 استكر الضَّرْعُ The udder became full of milk. (MA.) b2: And استكرت السَّمَآءُ The sky rained vehemently. (MA.) سَكْرٌ: see سَكْرَانُ: A2: and سِكْرٌ.

A3: Also A certain herb, or leguminous plant, (بَقْلَةٌ,) of such as are termed أَحْرَار [pl. of حُرٌّ], (Aboo-Nasr, K,) which is of the best of بُقُول: (TA as from the K: [but not in my MS. copy of the K nor in the CK:]) AHn says that no description of its general attributes or qualities had come to his knowledge. (TA.) سُكْرٌ an inf. n., (A, Mgh, K,) or a simple subst., signifying Intoxication, inebriation, or drunkenness; i. e. the state thereof; (S, Msb;) a state that intervenes as an obstruction between a man and his intellect; mostly used in relation to intoxicating drinks: but sometimes as meaning (assumed tropical:) such a state arising from anger, or from the passion of love: a poet says, سُكْرَانِ سُكْرُ هَوًى وَسُكْرُ مُدَامَةٍ

أَنَّى يُفِيقُ فَتًى بِهِ سُكْرَانِ [Two intoxications, the intoxication of love and the intoxication of wine: how shall a youth recover his senses in whom are two intoxications?]. (Er-Rághib, TA.) سِكْرٌ a subst. from السَّكْرُ (Mgh, K) as meaning “ the stopping up, or damming,” of the river, or rivulet; (K;) i. e. A dam; a thing with which a river, or rivulet, is stopped up; (S, * Msb, K, TA;) and ↓ سَكْرٌ, originally an inf. n., occurs in the same sense: (Mgh:) the pl. of the former is سُكُورٌ. (K.) سَكَرٌ Wine: (K:) so, accord. to Fr and others in the Kur [xvi. 69], تَتَّخِذُونَ مِنْهُ سَكَرًا وَرِزْقًا حَسَنًا, meaning, ye obtain therefrom wine, and raisins and dried dates and the like; this being said before wine was prohibited: (TA:) and the [beverage called] نَبِيذ (S, A) prepared from dried dates: (S:) so in the Kur, ubi suprà: (S:) or the expressed juice of fresh ripe dates when it has become strong; (Mgh, Msb;) originally an inf. n.: (Mgh:) or an infusion of dried dates, untouched by fire: (A 'Obeyd:) a beverage, (A,) or نَبِيذ, (K,) made from dried dates and from كَشُوث [a species of cuscuta, or dodder] (A, K) and myrtle, آس, (A,) which is the most bitter beverage in the world, (A,) and forbidden like wine; (TA;) or made from dried dates and كشوث, disposed layer upon layer, upon which water is poured; and some assert that sometimes myrtle (آس) is mixed with it, and this increases its strength: (AHn:) also anything that intoxicates: (K:) and what is forbidden [that is obtained] from fruit (I'Ab, T, K) [of the palm-tree and grape vine], meaning wine, before its being forbidden; and الرِّزْقُ الحَسَنُ is what is lawful [that is obtained] from grapes and dates: (I 'Ab, T, TA:) and vinegar; (K;) accord. to some of the expositors of the Kur, ubi suprà; but this is a meaning unknown to the leading lexicologists: (B, TA:) and food: (K:) so accord. to AO alone; as in the following saying of a poet; جَعَلْتَ أَعْرَاضَ الكِرَامِ سَكَرَا [Thou hast made the reputations of the generous to be food: or] thou hast made the vituperation of the generous to be food to thee: but the leading lexicologists disallow this; and Zj says that the more probable meaning here is wine. (TA.) سَكِرٌ: see سَكْرَانُ: b2: and سِكِيرٌ.

سَكْرَةٌ A fit of intoxication: (A, Mgh:) pl. سَكَرَاتٌ. (Mgh.) You say, ذَهَبَ بَيْنَ الصَّحْوَةِ وَالسَّكْرَةِ He went away in state between that of sensibility and insensibility, or mental perception and inability thereof. (TA.) b2: and (tropical:) A fit of anger. (TA.) b3: And (tropical:) An overpowering sensation of delight, affecting youth. (TA.) b4: سَكْرَةُ المَوْتِ (tropical:) [The intoxication of death; meaning] the confusion of the intellect by reason of the severity of the agony of death: (B, TA:) the oppressive sensation attendant upon death, which deprives the sufferer of reason: (Bd in 1. 18:) the oppressive sensation, (S, A, * Mgh, K,) and disturbance of the mind, and insensibility, (K,) attendant upon death. (S, * A, Mgh, K.) And in like manner, سَكْرَةُ الهَمِ, (K,) and النَّوْمِ, (TA,) (tropical:) The oppressive sensation, &c., attendant upon anxiety, (K,) and upon sleep. (TA.) سَكَرَةٌ I. q. شَيْلَمٌ; (K;) [or resembling the شَيْلَم; (see زُؤَانٌ;) a certain plant, app. called by the former name because a decoction thereof is used as an anæsthetic; said to be] the same that is called مُرَيْرَآءُ, that is [often found] in wheat. (TA.) سَكْرَانُ (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K) and سَكْرَانٌ, (TA,) which latter is seldom used, and is of the dial. of the Benoo-Asad, as is said in the S and Msb of its fem., (TA,) and ↓ سَكْرٌ; (K; [in the TA ↓ سَكِرٌ, but this is afterwards mentioned in the K as an intensive epithet;]) fem. [of the first,] سَكْرَى; (S, Mgh, Msb, K;) and [of the second,] سَكْرَانَةٌ; (S, Msb, K;) and [of the third,] سَكْرَةٌ; (K; [in the TA سَكِرَهٌ;]) Intoxicated; inebriated; drunken: (S, Msb, K:) [see سُكْرٌ:] pl. سُكَارَى [which is said in the TA to be also pl. of سَكِرٌ] and سَكَارَى, (S, Msb, K:) of which the former is the more common, or, as some say, the latter, and the former of which is said to be the only instance of the kind, except كُسَالَى and عُجَالَى and غُيَارَى, (TA,) [to which should be added حُيَارَى, and probably some other instances,] and سَكْرَى; (S, K;) or this is a fem. sing. applied as an epithet to a pl. n.; (Fr;) and in the Kur iv. 46, ElAamash read سُكْرَى, with damm, which is very strange, since no pl. of the measure فُعْلَى is known. (TA.) Th says that the words of the Kur [iv. 46] لَا تَقْرَبُواالصَّلَاةَ وَأَنْتُمْ سُكَارَى [Engage ye not in prayer when ye are intoxicated] was said before the prohibition of wine was revealed: others say that the meaning is, when ye are intoxicated with sleep. (TA.) سُكُرْكَةٌ, written by Sh سُكْرُكَةٌ: see art. سكرك. (TA.) سَكُورٌ: see سِكِيرٌ.

سُكَّرٌ [Sugar;] a certain sweet substance, (TA,) well known: (Msb, TA:) a Pers\. word, (S,) arabicized, (S, K,) from شَكَرْ: (K:) n. un. with ة [signifying a piece of sugar]: (S, K:) it is hot and moist, accord. to the most correct opinion; but some say, cold: and the best sort of it is the transparent, called طَبَرْزَذٌ; and the old is more delicate than the new: it is injurious to the stomach, engendering yellow bile; but the juice of the لَيْمُون and نَارَنْج counteract its noxiousness: it is said to be a word recently introduced; but some say that it occurs in one trad. (TA.) b2: Also Like سُكَّر [or sugar] in sweetness: so used by Aboo-Ziyád El-Kilábee. (TA.) b3: Also A certain kind of sweet fresh ripe dates; (K;) a sort of fresh ripe dates, likened to sugar in sweetness: (Mgh:) or a kind of very sweet dates; (AHát, T, Msb;) known to the people of ElBahreyn, (T,) and in Sijilmáseh and Dar'ah, and, as some say, in El-Medeeneh, where, how-ever, they require to be dried artificially. (MF.) b4: A kind of grapes, which, being affected by what is termed مَرَق, fall off, (K,) for the most part: their bunches are of middling size; and they are white, juicy, and very sweet, (TA,) of the best kinds of grapes; (K;) and are made into raisins. (TA.) سُكَّرِىٌّ [Sugary; saccharine. b2: And] Cake containing sugar, or barley-sugar, with almonds, or pistachio-nuts. (MA.) سَكَّارٌ One who makes, or sells, the beverage called نَبِيذ; syn. نَبَّاذٌ. (S, K.) سِكِّيرٌ One who intoxicates himself much, or often; a drunkard; a tippler; (K;) as also ↓ مِسْكِيرٌ (S, K) and ↓ سَكُورٌ (IAar, K) and ↓ سَكِرٌ: (K:) or constantly intoxicated: (S:) the pl. of سَكِرٌ is سُكَارَى, which is also pl. of سَكْرَانُ. (TA.) رِيحٌ سَاكِرَةٌ (tropical:) Wind becoming still. (A.) and لَيْلَةٌ سَاكِرَةٌ (tropical:) A still night; a night in which the wind is still; (S, * A;) a night in which there is no wind. (TA.) And مَآءٌ سَاكِرٌ (tropical:) Still, not running, water. (Az, TA.) سَيْكُرَانٌ A certain plant, always green, the grain whereof is eaten: (K: [but this description seems to be an incorrect abstract of what here follows:]) Ed-Deenawaree [i. e. AHn] says, it is of the plants that continue green throughout the whole of the summer: I asked a sheykh of the Arabs of Syria, and he said, it is the سُخَر, [correctly سُخَّر,] and we eat it in its fresh state, with what an eating! and, he said, it has green grains, like the grain of the رَازِيَانَج [or fennel], except that they are round: (O:) [in the present day, it is applied to henbane, or a species thereof: accord. to Forskål, (Flora Aegypt. Arab., p. lxiii.,) hyoscyamus datora. See also شَيْكُرَانٌ.]

مُسَكَّرٌ Affected with the remains of intoxication. (S, K.) مِسْكِيرٌ: see سِكِيرٌ.