معد

1 مَعَدَهُ, aor. ـَ (inf. n. مَعْدٌ; L,) and ↓ امتعدهُ; He snatched it unawares; seized it hastily when its owner was unawares: (L, K:) or he seized it and took it away; snatched it away; took it away quickly by force. (L.) b2: Also, ↓ both verbs, He drew, or pulled, it: (L:) or drew, or pulled, it quickly. (S, L, K.) Ex. مَعَدَ الدَّلْوَ, and مَعَدَ بِهَا, and ↓ امتعدها, He drew up, or pulled up, the bucket: or drew, or pulled, it out, or forth, from the well. And مَعَدَ الرُّمْحَ and ↓ امتعدهُ, He pulled forth the spear from the place where it was stuck in the ground. And سَيْفَهُ ↓ امتعد He drew forth his sword from its scabbard. (L.) b3: مَعَدَ بِهِ, aor. ـَ inf. n. مَعْدٌ and مُعُودٌ, He took it (a thing) away; carried it off; went away with it. (K.) b4: Hence, مَعَدَ بِخُصْيَيْهِ He removed his testicles; (L, TA;) or he pulled them; as also مَعَدَ هُمَا. (Lh, L, TA.) b5: مَعَدَهُ He took it (namely, flesh,) with his fore-teeth. (K.) b6: مَعَدَهُ He plucked it out; namely, hair; as also مَغَدَهُ. (L.) A2: مُعِدَ, (L, K,) and مَعِدَ, aor. ـَ inf. n. مَعْدٌ and مَعَدٌ, (IKtt,) He (a man, L,) had a diseased, or disordered, stomach, so that he did not find his food wholesome: (L, K:) or his stomach pained him. (Ibn-T reef.) b2: مَعَدَهُ He, or it, hit, or hurt, his مَعِدَة, or stomach. (L, K.) A3: مَعَدَ فِى الأَرْضِ, (aor.

مَعَدَ, inf. n. مَعْدٌ and مُعُودٌ, L,) He went away journeying through the land, or earth. (S, L, K.) 8 إِمْتَعَدَ see 1 in five places. R. Q. 2 تَمَعْدَدَ He assumed the garb, dress, habit, or external appearance, of the sons of Ma'add: mentioned also in art. عد [which see for other explanations not repeated here]: (K:) he endured with patience their mode of life in travel and in a fixed residence: (Lth, L:) and he subjected himself to a hard, or difficult life: said to be not derived from any other word. (L.) b2: تَمَعْدَدَ He became numbered among the sons of Ma'add. (L.) b3: It (a people or party) removed from Ma'add to El-Yemen, and then returned. (Lth, L.) b4: (tropical:) He became big, bulky, gross, or coarse, and fat: (Lh, TA:) (tropical:) he (a boy) became big, bulky, gross, or coarse, and hard, and lost the freshness and tenderness of youth. (A.) b5: (assumed tropical:) He (an emaciated man) began to become fat. (K.) b6: He (assumed tropical:) (a sick man) became convalescent. (K.) نَزْعٌ مَعْدٌ A quick pulling up, or out, of the bucket from a well: (IAar, S, * L:) or a strong pulling up, or out; as though the bucket were pulled up from the bottom of the well: or a pulling up, or out, by means of the pulley, (L,) [and therefore quick].

A2: مَعْدٌ Bigness; bulkiness; grossness; coarseness. (K.) b2: Big; bulky; gross; coarse; (ISd, L, K,) and strong: (ISd:) applied to a thing. (ISd, L.) b3: A quick, or swift, camel. (S, K.) b4: Fresh, and soft, or tender; applied to a leguminous plant; (L, K;) fresh and juicy; applied to the same, (S,) and to fruit. (L, K.) b5: رُطَبَةٌ مَعْدَةٌ, and ↓ مُتَمَعِّدَةٌ, A fresh and juicy ripe date. (L, K.) b6: In the phrase بُسْرٌ ثَعْدٌ مَعْدٌ, معد signifies Fresh and soft or tender: (S, L:) or it is a mere imitative sequent, (S, L, K,) not used alone. (S, L.) See art. ثعد.

مَعْدَةٌ, مِعْدَةٌ, مِعِدَةٌ: see مَعِدَةٌ.

مَعِدَةٌ and مِعْدَةٌ (S, L, Msb, K) and مَعْدَةٌ and مِعِدَةٌ; (TA;) the first of which is the original form; (Msb, TA;) the second and third being contractions; and the fourth, as well as the others, mentioned by Expositors of the Fs.; (TA;) The stomach of a human being; the place in which is the food before it descends into the lower intesstines, or guts; (L, K;) in a man, what the كَرِش is in every ruminating animal; (S, L;) or in animals that have cloven hoofs, and such as have feet like those of the camel: (M, L, K:) accord. to ISd, from مَعْدٌ, applied to a thing, signifying “ strong, and big, bulky, gross, or coarse: ” (TA:) pl. مَعِدٌ (L, K) [or rather this is a coll. gen. n., of which مَعِدَةٌ is the n. un.,] and مِعَدٌ: (L, Msb, K:) the latter as though formed from مِعْدَةٌ. (L.) مَعَدٌّ The side (L, K) of a man, &c.: (L:) or, in a horse, the part of each side between the lower portion of the shoulder-blade and the extremity of the ribs, consisting of thick and compact flesh behind the shoulder-blade; the protuberance whereof is approved, because, when that part is narrow, it compresses the heart: (L:) or, in a horse, the part between the head of each shoulder-blade and the hinder extremity of the portion of flesh and sinew next the back-bone: (L, K:) and the flesh that is beneath the shoulderblade, (L, K,) or a little below it; which is the best of the flesh of the side: (L:) and the place of the horseman's heel: (L, K:) or the part of a beast of carriage which is the place of the rider's leg: (Lh, L:) and the belly: (Aboo-'Alee, L, K:) also, a vein in the part of a horse called مَنْسِج. (L, K.) See also art. عد.

مَاعِدٌ: see what follows.

مِمْعَدٌ (L, K) and ↓ مَاعِد (L) A wolf that runs quickly. (L, K.) مَمْعُودٌ A man having a diseased, or disordered, stomach, so that he does not find his food wholesome: (L:) having a bad stomach. (A.) مُتَمَعِّدَةٌ: see مَعْدٌ.

نكح

1 نَكَحَ, (S, K, &c.,) aor. ـِ (Msb, K,) and نَكَحَ, (K,) the latter agreeable with analogy, but by some rejected, and the former contr. to analogy, but more common, and the form used in the Kur, (TA,) the only instance of an aor. of this form from a verb having ح for its last radical letter, except ينطح and يمنح and ينضح and ينبح and يرجح and يأنح and يأزح and يملح, (ISd,) [and يضح] inf. n. نِكَاحٌ (S, K, &c.) and نَكْحٌ; (ISd, K;) Inivit feminam: and (sometimes, S) he married, took in marriage, or contracted a marriage with, a woman: as also ↓ استنكح (S, K, &c.) [and ↓ ناكح, inf. n. مُنَاكَحَةٌ:] used only with reference to a man: (ISd:) but Th uses it with reference to flies: (TA:) J says, that it is sometimes used in the latter sense; but accord. to the Msb it is more commonly so used; (MF;) and it is used only in this sense in the Kur: (TA:) IF and others say, that it signifies coitus; and coitus without marriage; and marriage without coitus: (Msb:) [but] in the Time of Ignorance, when a man demanded a woman in marriage he said, اِنْكِحِينِى; and when he desired fornication, he said, سَافِحِينِى. (TA, in art سفح.) It is disputed whether it be proper or tropical in these two senses; or proper in one, and tropical in one: (MF:) it is said to be from نَكَحَهُ الدَّوَى, or from تَنَاكَحَتِ الأَشْجَارُ, or from نَكَحَ المَطَرُ الأَرْضَ; and if so, it is tropical in both the above senses; and the opinion that it is so is confirmed by this, that the signification of marriage is not understood unless by a word or phrase in connexion with it, as when you say نَكَحَ فِى بَنِى

فُلَانٍ [he took a wife from among the sons of such a one]; nor is that of coitus unless by the same means, as when you say نَكَحَ زَوْجَتَهُ [inivit conjugem suam]; and this is one of the signs of a tropical expression. (Msb.) b2: نَكَحَتْ She married, or took a husband. (S, K.) b3: نَكَحَ المَطَرُ الأَرْضَ The rain became commingled with the soil: (Msb:) or, rested upon the ground so as to soak it; syn. إِعْتَمَدَ عَلَيْهَا: (K:) as also ↓ نَاكَهَا. (L.) b4: نَكَحَهُ الدَّوَى The disease infected him (خَامَرهُ), and overcame him. (Msb.) b5: نَكَحَ النُّعَاسُ عَيْنَهُ (tropical:) Drowsiness overcame his eye; (K;) as also نَاكَهَا: and in like manner ↓ استنكح النَّوْمُ عَيْنَهُ sleep overcame his eye. (TA.) 3 نَاْكَحَ see 1.4 انكحهُ المَرْأَةَ He married the woman to him. (TA.) b2: أَنْكَحَهَا He married the woman; i. e. gave her in marriage. (S, K.) b3: أَنْكِحُوا الحَصَى أَخْفَافَ الإِبِلِ (tropical:) [Accustom ye the feet of the camels to pebbles]. (A.) 6 تناكحوا They intermarried; contracted marriages together. (Commencing a trad. in the Jámi' es-Sagheer.) [And تَنَاكَحَا Se invicem futuerunt: see 6, in art. ردف] b2: تَنَاكَحَتِ الأَشْجَارُ The trees became drawn, or connected, together. (Msb.) 10 إِسْتَنْكَحَ see 1.

نِكْحٌ and ↓ نُكْحٌ substs. from أَنْكَحَهَا, [The act of giving a woman in marriage]. (K.) b2: [These two words are properly quasi-inf. ns, of أَنْكَحَ, signifying as explained above; and, like inf. ns., may be used as epithets, meaning A giver of a woman in marriage, correlative to خُِطْبٌ.] It was a custom, in the time of paganism, for a man to come to a tribe asking for a woman in marriage; and he would stand up in their assembly, and say خِطْبٌ, i. e., I have come as an asker of a woman in marriage; whereupon it would be said to him نِكْحٌ, meaning We marry her to thee, or give her to thee in marriage, [or, more lit., we are givers of her in marriage: for an inf. n. or quasi-inf. n. used as an epithet is used without variation as sing., dual., and pl.; and masc. and fem.]. ↓ نُكْحٌ was also said: but نِكْحٌ is here said for the sake of resemblance to خِطْبٌ. (L.) You say هو نِكْحُهَا He is the person who gives her in marriage: and هِىَ نِكْحَتُهُ She is the person whom he gives in marriage. (Lh, L) b3: نِكْحٌ and ↓ نُكْحٌ, [and, accord. to Lth and ISh, نِكِحٌ: see إِبِدٌ:] are also two words by which the [Pagan] Arabs used to take women in marriage: (S:) [meaning A giver of a woman in marriage]. (MF, in art. خطب.) A man used to say to Umm-Khárijeh, in asking her in marriage, خُِطْبٌ, and she used to reply نُكِْحٌ: hence the saying أَسْرَعُ مِنْ نِكَاحِ أُمِّ خَارِجَةَ [Quicker than the marriage of Umm-Khárijeh]. (S, K.) [See خِطْبٌ].

نُكْحٌ: see نِكْحٌ.

نُكَحٌ: see نَكَحُةٌ.

رَجُلٌ نُكَحَةٌ, (S, K,) and ↓ نُكَحٌ (K) A man who marries much, or often: (S, K, TA:) Az explains the former by شَدِيدُ النِّكَاحِ, [app. meaning vehement in coitus,] and mentions as its pl. نُكَحَاتٌ: (TA:) [and ↓ نَكَّاحٌ (A, TA, art. تيس, &c.) signifies the same.]

نَكَّاحٌ: see نُكَحَةٌ.

نَاكِحٌ (S, K) and نَاكِحَةٌ, (K,) the latter occurring in poetry, (TA,) A woman married; (TA;) having a husband. (S, K, TA.) Ex.

هِىَ نَاكِحٌ فِى بَنِى فُلاَنٍ She has a husband among the sons of such a one. (S.) مَنْكَِحٌ and مَنْكُوحَةٌ: see مَنَاكِحُ.

مَنَاكِحُ Women, or wives; syn. نِسَآءٌ: (K:) a pl. having no sing.; or its sing. is ↓ مَنْكَحٌ; [or ↓ مَنْكِحٌ, which occurs in the S and K, art. علث, evidently as signifying a wife; as though being a place of نِكَاح;] or ↓ مَنْكُوحَةٌ. (TA.) b2: إِنَّ المَنَاكِحَ خَيْرَهُا الأَبْكَارُ [Verily the best of women to take in marriage are virgins]. A proverb. (TA.)

نصر

1 نَصَرَهُ, (M, A, K,) aor. ـُ (M,) inf. n. نَصْرٌ (M, A, K) and نُصْرَةٌ, (A,) or this is a simple subst., (S, Msb,) and نُصُورٌ, (K,) [but see the verse of Khidásh in what follows,] He aided or assisted him, (M, K,) namely, a person wronged, misused, or treated unjustly or injuriously, (M. A, K,) against his enemy: (TA:) [he avenged him: (see the verse here following, and see 8:) he supplied his want, or somewhat thereof (TA.) Kidásh Ibn-Zuheyr says.

فَإِنْ كُنْتَ تَشْكُو مِنْ خَلِيلٍ مَخَانَةً

فتِلْكَ الجَوَازِى عَقْبُهَا وَنُصُورُهَا [And if thou complain of treachery from a friend. those requitals are its result and its avengers, or avengement]: here نُصُور may be a pl. of نَاصِرٌ.

like شُهُودٌ is of شَاهِدٌ; or it may be an inf. n., like دُخُولٌ and خُرُوجٌ. (M.) You say, تَصَرَهُ عَلَى عَدُوِّهِ, (S, A, Msb,) and مِنْ عَدُوِّهِ, (A, Msb,) aor. ـُ (S, Msb,) inf. n. نَصْرٌ (S, A, Msb) and نُصْرَةٌ, (A,) or this, as remarked above, is a simple subst., (S, Msb.) He (namely, God. S, A, or a man, Msb,) aided or assisted him, and strengthened him, against his enemy: (Msb:) [he avenged him of his enemy. (See 8.)] and نَصَرَهُ اللّٰهُ God made him to be victorious, to conquer, or to overcome: so in the Kur, xxii. 15, where the pronoun relates to Mohammad. (TA.) In the Kur, xlvii. 8. إِنْ تَنْصُرُوا اللّٰهَ يَنْصُرْكُمْ means, If ye aid God's religion and his apostle, He will aid you against your enemy: (Bd, Jel) or if ye aid his servants, &c.: or if ye keep his ordinances and aid his orders and comply with his commands and shun the things which He hath forbidden, &c. (El-Basáïr.) And the trad.

أُنْصُرْ أَخَاكَ ظَالِمَّا أَوْ مَظْلُومًا is explained as meaning, Prevent thou thy brother from wronging when he is a wronger, and aid him against his wronger when he is wronged. (TA.) Also, نَصَرَهُ مِنْهُ, (K,) inf. n. نَصْرٌ and نُصْرَةٌ, (TA,) [or the latter in this sense, as in the cases above mentioned, is a simple subst.,] He served or Preserved him from him or it. (K.) b2: نَصَرَاللّٰهُ الأَرْضَ God gave rain to the earth or land. (A.) And نَصَرَ الغَيْثُ الأَرْضَ (S, M, K,) [aor. ـُ inf. n. نَصْرٌ, (M,) (tropical:) The rain aided the earth or land: (S:) or watered it: (M:) or watered it generally and copiously, (K, TA,) and caused it to produce herbage: (TA:) and نَصَرَ البَلَدَ (tropical:) it assisted the country to produce abundance of herbage: (TA:) and نُصِرَتِ الأَرْضْ (tropical:) the earth or land was watered by rain. (S.) b3: Hence, نَصَرَهُ, aor. ـُ inf. n. نَصْرٌ, (tropical:) He gave to him. (M.) An Arab of the desert [in the A a beggar] accosted a people saying, أُنْصُرُونِى نَصَرَكُمُ اللّٰهُ, meaning, (tropical:) Give ye to me: may God give to you. (M, A.) b4: نَصَرَهُ اللّٰهُ also signifies (assumed tropical:) God bestowed upon him the means of subsistence, or the like; syn. رَزَقَهُ. (IKtt.) 2 نصّرهُ, (inf. n. تَنْصِيرٌ, K,) He made him a Christian. (S, M, K.) It is said in a trad., [relating to the natural disposition of a child to adopt the true faith,] فَأَبَوَاهُ يُهَوِّدَانِهِ وَيُنَصِّرَانِهِ [But his two parents make him a Jew or make him a Christian]. (S.) 3 نَاْصَرَ [ناصرهُ He rendered reciprocal aid to him. See an ex. voce عَاصَرَ.]5 تنصّر He laboured, or strove, to aid, or assist; syn. عَالَجَ النَّصْرَ: (M, K:) not of the same category as تَحَلَّمَ [he endeavoured to acquire حِلْم] and تبرّر [he endeavoured to characterize himself by بِرّ]. (M.) A2: He became a Christian. (M, K.) 6 تناصروا They aided or assisted one another: (S, Msb, TA:) they assisted one another to aid. (M, A, K, TA.) b2: تناصرت الأَخْبَارُ (tropical:) The accounts, or tidings, confirmed, or verified, one another. (M, K, TA.) 8 انتصر He defended himself: (Bd, Jel, lv. 35:) he defended himself against his wronger, or injurer. (TA.) b2: انتصر مِنْهُ He exacted, or obtained, his right, or due, completely, from him, so that each of them became on a par with the other: (Az, TA:) he revenged himself upon him. (Az, S, M, * Msb, K.) 10 استنصر He asked, sought, or desired, aid, or assistance. (M, K.) And استنصره He asked him to aid him, (S, Msb, K,) عَلَيْهِ against him, (S, K,) i. e. against his enemy. (S, TA.) b2: (tropical:) He begged; (K;) as though he asked for a gift, which is termed نَصْر. (TA.) نَصْرٌ [used a subst.,] Aid or assistance, rendered to another, especially against an enemy: [avengement or another:] victory or conquest: (Bd, xxix. 9:) and ↓ نُصْرَةٌ is a subst. from نَصَرَهُ [and therefore signifies the same]: (S, Msb:) or the ↓ latter signifies good aid, or assistance: (M, K:) and this ↓ same word, when the object is God, signifies aid of God's servants; &c.; as explained above: see 1. (El-Basáïr.) b2: Spoil; plunder; booty. (Bd, ubi supra.) b3: (tropical:) Rain; (A, TA;) as also ↓ نُصْرَةٌ: (TA:) in like manner as it is called فَتْح: (A, TA:) or the ↓ latter signifies a complete rain. (IAar.) b4: [Hence,] (tropical:) A gift: (S, TA:) and نَصَائِرُ gifts. (M.) b5: See also نَاصِرٌ.

نُصَرٌ: see نَاصِرٌ.

نُصْرَةٌ: see نَصْرٌ, in five places.

نَصْرِىٌّ: see نَصْرَانِىٌّ.

نَصْرَانٌ: see نَصْرَانِىٌّ.

نَصْرَانِىٌّ, (S, A, Msb, K, &c.) and ↓ نَصْرَانٌ, (M, A,) or this latter has not been used without the addition of the relative ى, (S,) or it has been sometimes used, (M,) and ↓ نَصْرِىٌّ, (M, Msb, K,) but we have not heard this used, (M,) [A Christian: or this is a secondary application, and the original meaning is a Nazarene:] fem. نَصْرَانِيَّةٌ, (S, A, Msb, K,) and نَصْرَانَةٌ, (S, A, K,) or the latter is used only by poetic licence: (IB:) ↓ نَصَارَى [applied to the Christians] is a rel. n. from نَاصِرَةُ, [or Nazareth,] a town of Syria, (S, M, K,) also called نَصْرَانَةُ, (Lth, IDrd, K,) or نَصْرَانُ, (S, Msb,) and نَصُورِيَةٌ, (M, Sgh, K,) without teshdeed, accord. to Sgh, (TA,) and نُصْرِىٌّ and نُصْرَى, (as in a copy of the M,) or نَصْرَى and نَصْرَوَةُ: (TA:) so originally, and then applied to such as hold the religion of its inhabitants: (Msb:) this is the opinion of the lexicologists; but it is of weak authority, though admissible as there are other anomalous rel. ns.: (M:) or [so in K, but in the S, and] نَصَارَى is pl. of نَصْرِىٌّ, (Kh, M, Msb, K,) like as مَهَارَى is pl. of مَهْرِىٌّ; (Msb, K;) or of نَصْرَانٌ (Kh, S, M) and نَصْرَانَةٌ, (S,) like as نَدَامَى is pl. of نَدْمَانٌ (Kh, S, M) and نَدْمَانَةٌ; (S;) but more probably of نَصْرَانٌ, because this word has been sometimes used, whereas we have not heard نَصْرِىٌّ used: (M:) and it is implied in the copies of the K, that أَنْصَارٌ is pl. of نَصْرَانِىٌّ; but correctly, it is a pl. of نَصْرَانٌ, without ى, as is said in the TS, and the L, in both of which is mentioned the saying of the poet, لَمَّا رَأَيْتُ نَبَطًا أَنْصَارَا [When I saw Nabatheans, Christians], meaning نَصَارَى. (TA.) النَّصْرَانِيَّةُ The religion of the نَصَارَى [or Christians]. (K, TA.) نَصُورٌ One who aids, or assists, much or well. (TA in art. عقرب.) نَصِيرٌ: see نَاصِرٌ. It has the signification of the measure فَاعِلٌ or of the measure مَفْعُولٌ; for أَخَوَانِ نَصِيرَانِ, occurring in a trad., means Two brothers, aiders of, and aided by, each other. (TA.) نَصَارَى: see نَصْرَانِىٌّ.

نَصَائِرُ: see نَصْرٌ.

نَاصِرٌ act. part. n. of نَصَرَ, An aider or assister, especially against an enemy; &c.; as also ↓ نَصِيرٌ, (S, * M, A, Msb, K,) and ↓ نَصَرٌ: (Sgh, K:) pl. (of نَصِيرٌ, (S, M, Msb, and of نَاصِرٌ, M,) أَنْصَارٌ (S, M, A, Msb, K) and (of نَاصِرٌ, M) نُصَّارٌ, (M, K,) and نُصُورٌ may also be a pl. of the same, as occurring in the verse of Khidásh, cited above: (M:) and أَنَاصِيرُ is a pl. pl., being pl. of أَنْصَارٌ: (TA:) and ↓ نَصْرٌ is used as sing. and pl., (M, K,) being an inf. n. employed as an epithet, like عَدْلٌ. (M.) b2: الأَنْصَارُ also signifies The Assistants of the Prophet; (M, K;) of [the tribes of] El-Ows and El-Khazraj; (TA;) being an epithet applied to them especially, (M, K,) and used as a subst., as though it were the name of a tribe, wherefore the rel. n. أَنْصَارِىٌّ [which is used as sing.] is formed from it. (M.) نَاصُورٌ: see نَاسُورٌ.

أَنْصَارٌ: see نَصْرَانِىٌّ: b2: and ناصِرٌ.

أَنْصَارِىٌّ: see نَاصِرٌ.

مَنْصُورٌ [Aided or assisted, especially against an enemy, &c.]. b2: أَرْضٌ مَنْصُورَةٌ (tropical:) Land watered by rain; rained upon. (S, A.) مُسْتَنْصِرٌ [Asking, seeking, or desiring, aid, or assistance]. b2: (tropical:) A beggar. (M.)

طبخ

1 طَبَخَ, (S, A, K, &c.,) aor. ـُ (L, Msb, K) and طَبَخَ, (L, K,) inf. n. طَبْخٌ; (L, Msb, K;) and ↓ اِطَّبَخَ, (Sb, L;) He cooked (S, L, K;) flesh-meat, (S, A, L,) &c., (L,) either in a cookingpot [by boiling or stewing or the like] or by roasting or broiling or frying; (S, * L, K;) the former verb [accord. to some] said of one who cooks for himself or for others; and the latter, of one who cooks only for himself: (L: [but see an ex. in what follows, of this paragraph; and see also the latter verb below:]) or the former signifies he cooked flesh-meat with broth or gravy. (Az, Msb.) And you say also طَبَخَ القِدْرَ He cooked [the contents of] the cooking-pot. (S, L.) and طَبَخَ المَرَقَ [He cooked the broth]. (A.) b2: and طَبَخَ He (a dyer) decocted Brazil-wood (بَقَّم) &c. (A. [See طُبَاخَةٌ.]) b3: And He baked bread, and wheat, and bricks [and clay and pottery]. (L.) One says, هٰذِهِ خُبْزَةٌ جَيِّدَةُ الطَّبْخِ This is a cake of bread well baked [in the hot ashes]. (S, A, * L, Msb.) And هٰذِهِ آجُرَّةٌ خَيِّدَةُ الطَّبْخِ This is a brick well baked. (L, Msb.) And ↓ اِطَّبِخُوا لَنَا قُرْصًا [Bake ye for us (app. meaning for us including yourselves) a round cake of bread]. (S.) b4: Also (assumed tropical:) It (the heat) ripened the fruit. (TA.) And طَبَخَتْهُمُ الهَوَاجِرُ (tropical:) [The vehement midday-heats fevered them]. (A.) And طَبَخَهُ الجُدَرِىُّ (tropical:) [The small-pox affected him with a hot, or burning, fever]: and in like manner one says of the حَصْبَة [i. e. measles, or spotted fever: see طَابِخٌ]. (A.) b5: [And (assumed tropical:) He dressed silk: see the pass. part. n., below.]

A2: [طَبِخَ, aor. ـَ inf. n. طَبَخٌ, accord. to the L, seems to signify He was, or became, confirmed in stupidity: but only the inf. n. is there mentioned: and this is doubtful: see أَطْبَخُ.]2 طبّخ, inf. n. تَطْبِيخٌ, It (a حِسْل [or young lizard of the species called ضَبّ]) grew big; syn. كَبِرَ. (S. [See مُطَبِّخٌ.]) b2: And He (a boy) became active, and grew up, or became a young man; (L, K;) grew big; syn. كَبِرَ; (K;) and became intelligent. (L.) 5 تطبّخ He (a man) ate طِبِّيخ [or melons, or water-melons; as also تبطّخ]. (A.) 7 انطبح, (S, A, L, Msb, K,) and ↓ اِطَّبَخَ, (K, [but this latter seems to be a mistake, occasioned by a misunderstanding of the word اِشْتَوَى, one of the words by which it is expl. in several of the lexicons,] It (flesh-meat, S, A, L, and the same is said of other things, L) was, or became, cooked, either in a cooking-pot [by boiling or stewing or the like] or by roasting or broiling or frying: (S, L, K:) or it (flesh-meat) was, or became, cooked with broth, or gravy. (Az, Msb.) And you say also, انطبخت القِدْرُ [The contents of] the cooking-pot became cooked. (S, L.) and انطبخ المَرَقُ [The broth became cooked]. (A.) b2: [Said of bread, and wheat, and bricks and clay and pottery, It was, or they were, or became, baked. (See 1.)]8 اِطَّبَخَ He prepared, or prepared for himself, طَبِيخ [i. e. flesh-meat cooked in a pot, &c.], syn. اِتَّخَذَ طَبِيخًا, (S, A, L, K,) or قَدِير, [which signifies flesh-meat cooked in a pot, with, or without, seeds to season it, such as pepper and cumin-seeds and the like, as expl. below, voce طَبِيخٌ]; (TA;) [it is said that] it particularly signifies he cooked for himself alone, [or it signifies for himself with others,] thus differing from طَبَخَ, as expl. above: (L:) see 1, in two places; and see also 7: ISk says that اِطِّبَاخٌ signifies the cooking in a pot and by roasting or broiling or frying. (S.) b2: [Also, probably, He prepared, or prepared for himself, the beverage called طَبِيخ.]

طِبْخٌ: see طَبِيخٌ.

طَبْخَةٌ: see أَطْبَخُ.

طَبَاخٌ, (S, A, K,) thus in the handwriting of El-Iyádee, (L,) and طُبَاخٌ, (K,) thus in the handwriting of Az, (L,) (assumed tropical:) Firmness, or soundness; (K;) strength, and fatness. (S, L, K.) One says, مَا بِهِ طَبَاخٌ (tropical:) There is not in it, or him, strength [nor fatness]: originally said of lean flesh-meat, that yields no benefit to him who cooks it. (A.) And رَجُلٌ لَيْسَ بِهِ طَبَاخٌ (assumed tropical:) A man in whom is no strength nor fatness. (S.) and لَا طَبَاخَ لَهُ (assumed tropical:) He has no intelligence, nor does he possess any good: and (assumed tropical:) he has no companion remaining to him. (L.) And فِى كَلَامِهِ طَبَاخٌ (assumed tropical:) In his speech is soundness. (TA.) And مَا فِى

كَلَامِهِ طَبَاخٌ (tropical:) There is no profit in his speech. (A.) طَبِيخٌ, of the measure فَعِيلٌ in the sense of the measure مَفْعُولٌ [i. e. i. q. ↓ مَطْبُوخٌ Cooked; &c.; but accord. to general usage, it is an epithet in which the quality of a subst. predominates, signifying cooked flesh-meat]: accord. to some, flesh-meat cooked with broth or gravy; what is cooked without broth or gravy not being thus termed: (Msb:) or, as El-Karkhee says, what has broth, or gravy, and contains flesh or fat; dry fried meat, and the like, not being thus termed: (Mgh:) or i. q. قَدِيرٌ [which signifies either flesh-meat cooked in a pot, or flesh-meat cooked in a pot with seeds to season it such as pepper and cumin-seeds and the like]: or قدير is applied to that which is with seeds to season it, and طَبِيخ is that which is not seasoned with seeds such as pepper and cumin-seeds and the like: (L, TA:) [pl. أَطْبِخَةٌ:] and cooked flesh-meat is also called ↓ طِبْخٌ. (L.) b2: [Also A decoction: used in this sense in medical and other books. (See also طُبَاخَةٌ.)] b3: And A sort of مُنَصَّف [i. e. wine, or beverage, cooked until half of it has evaporated]. (S, M, A, K.) b4: And Gypsum: and baked bricks. (K.) These are said to be meant by the last word in the following trad., إِذَا أَرَادَ اللّٰهُ بِعَبْدٍ سُوْءًا جَعَلَ مَالَهُ فِى الطَّبِيخَيْنِ [When God desires evil to befall a man (lit. a servant), He makes his property to consist in gypsum and baked bricks]. (L.) طُبَاخَةٌ The froth, or foam, that boils over from a cooking-pot. (S, K.) b2: And A decoction of anything; the extracted juice, thereof, that is taken after coction; such as that of Brazil-wood (بَقَّم), and the like: (L:) what one takes, of that which he requires [for use], of that which is cooked; such as بقّم; of which one takes the طباخة for dyeing, and throws away the rest. (T.) [See also طَبِيخٌ.]

طِبَاخَةٌ The art, or business, of cooking. (K.) طَبِيخَةُ الحَرِّ, (A, L,) pl. طَبَائِخُ, (S, A, L, K,) (tropical:) Hot wind (S, A, L, K) blowing at midday in the season of vehement heat. (A, L.) One says, خَرَجُوا فِى طَبِيخَةِ الحَرِّ, and فى طَبَائِخِهِ, (tropical:) They went forth during the hot wind &c., and during the hot winds &c. (A.) اِمْرَأُةٌ طَبَاخِيَةٌ (S, L, K) and طُبَاخِيَّةٌ, (K,) A young woman, (L, K,) full, [or plump,] (L,) compact in flesh: (S, L, K:) or the latter, (L,) or both, (K,) an intelligent and beautiful woman. (L, K.) طَبَّاخٌ A cook. (K.) طِبِّيخٌ, (A, L, K,) written by Aboo-Bekr طَبِّيخ, with fet-h to the ط, (L,) i. q. بِطِّيخٌ [The melon; or particularly the water-melon]: (L, K:) of the dial. of El-Hijáz, (L,) or of El-Medeeneh. (A.) [Freytag says that, accord. to some, but he does not not name his authority, it is a large, round melon, rough to the touch, and without a neck, different from the بطيخ, which is a small melon.]

طَابِخٌ [act. part. n. of طَبَخَ: b2: and hence,] sing. of طُبَّخٌ, which signifies (assumed tropical:) The angels of punishment [who roast the damned in Hell]. (S, K.) b3: Also, (S, K,) or حُمَّى طَابِخٌ, (A,) (tropical:) A [hot, or burning,] fever, such as is termed صَالِبٌ. (S, K, TA.) طَابِخَةٌ (tropical:) i. q. هَاجِرَةٌ [i. e. Midday when the heat is vehement; or midday in summer, or in the hot season; &c.]. (S, K, TA.) أَطْبَخُ Confirmed in stupidity; as also ↓ طَبْخَةٌ; (L, K;) but the word commonly known is طَيْخَةٌ. (L.) مَطْبَخٌ (S, Mgh, Msb, K) and ↓ مِطْبَخٌ, (Mgh, Msb,) sometimes called by the latter name as being likened to an instrument, (Msb,) and this latter is the only form mentioned in the A, and is said by Sb to be not a noun of place, but a subst. like مِرْبَدٌ, (TA,) A place of cooking; a place in which cooking is performed; (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K;) a cook's house or room; a kitchen. (T.) [See also مُطَّبَخٌ.] One says, هُوَ أَبْيَضُ المَطْبَخِ (tropical:) [lit. He is one whose kitchen, or cooking-place, is white; meaning he is inhospitable; like as one says in the contrary case, هُوَ كَثِيرُ الرَّمَادِ]: and in like manner, هُمْ بِيضُ المَطَابِخِ. (A.) مِطْبَخٌ An implement for cooking: or a cooking-pot. (K.) b2: See also the next preceding paragraph.

مُطَبِّخُ A young [lizard of the species called]

ضَبّ [in a certain stage of its growth]: in its first stage it is called حِسْلٌ; then, غَيْدَاقٌ; then, مُطَبِّخٌ; then, خُضَرِمٌ; and then, ضَبٌّ: (S, L:) or one that has nearly attained to the size of its parent: or one in its fullest state: (ISd, L:) or the first of the offspring of the ضَبّ (أَوَّلُ وَلَدِ الضَّبِّ). (K. [But this is evidently a mistake, as is observed in the TK.]) b2: And A young man that is full [or plump]: (K:) a child when born is called رَضِيعٌ, and طِفْلٌ; then فَطِيمٌ; then, دَارِجٌ; then, جَفْرٌ; then, يَافِعٌ; then شَدَخٌ; then, مُطَبِّخٌ; and then, كَوْكَبٌ. (IAar, TA.) مَطْبُوخٌ: see طَبيخٌ. b2: إِبْرِيسَمٌ مَطْبُوخٌ [Dressed silk]. (Mgh and Msb voce حَرِيرٌ.) مُطَّبَخٌ A place in which people cook their food. (JK,) One says, هٰذَا مُطَّبَخُ القَوْمِ وَهٰذَا مُشْتَوَاهُمْ [This is the people's place of cooking their food, and this is the place of their roasting or broiling or frying]. (S.) [See also مَطْبَخٌ.]

حشد

1 حَشَدَ, aor. ـُ (A, Msb, K) and حَشِدَ, (Msb, K,) inf. n. حَشْدٌ, (A, Msb, K,) He collected together (A, Msb, K) people, or a company of men. (A, Msb.) b2: [Hence,] بِتُّ فِى لَيْلَةٍ تَحْشُدُ عَلَىَّ الهُمُومَ (tropical:) [I passed a night that brought anxieties crowding together upon me]. (A, TA.) A2: حَشَدُوا, (S, A, Msb,) aor. ـِ inf. n. حَشْدٌ, (S,) or حُشُودٌ; (A;) and ↓ احتشدوا, and ↓ تحشّدوا; (S, A;) They collected themselves together, or assembled, (S, A, Msb,) and came round about (حَفُّوا [but see what follows]) aiding one another: (A:) or حَشَدُوا signifies they were prompt, or active, [instead of حَفُّوا, in the K, I read خَفُّوا, as in the L,] in aiding one another: or they complied quickly, when called, or summoned: (L, K:) the verb is thus generally used in relation to a collective number: seldom in relation to one: (L:) or they collected themselves together, or assembled, for one thing or affair; as also ↓ احشدوا, and ↓ احتشدوا, and ↓ تحاشدوا. (L, K.) And حشدوا عَلَيْهِ, (L,) and عَلَيْهِ ↓ تحاشدوا, They collected themselves together, aiding one another against him. (A.) And القَوْمُ لِفُلَانٍ ↓ احتشد The people, or party, collected themselves together to such a one, and prepared, equipped, or furnished, themselves [ for action]. (TA.) b2: حَشَدُوا لَهُ They combined for him, [or on his account,] and took pains, or exerted themselves, in treating him with courtesy and honour; and so حَفَلُوا لَهُ. (Fr, L.) and They showed honour, and gave a hospitable entertainment, to him; namely, a guest. (L.) 4 أَحْشَدَ see 1.5 تَحَشَّدَ see 1.6 تَحَاْشَدَ see 1, in two places.8 إِحْتَشَدَ see 1, in three places. b2: احتشد لَهُ فِى كَذَا He prepared himself for him [in such a case, or in such an affair]. (A.) b3: احتشد فِى الضِّيَافَةِ and لِلضِّيَافَةِ He strove, laboured, or exerted himself, in, and for, the entertainment of a guest or guests. (A.) حَشْدٌ, (S, K,) originally an inf. n., (S,) and ↓ حَشَدٌ, (K,) An assembly, or a collected or congregated body or party, (S, K,) of men. (S.) حَشَدٌ: see what next precedes.

حَشِدٌ One who does not leave [unemployed] any endeavour or aid or property that he possesses; as also ↓ مُحْتَشِدٌ; (L, K;) and ↓ حَاشِدٌ, pl. حُشُدٌ. (L.) b2: وَادٍ حشِدٌ A valley similar to land such as is termed حَشَادٌ: (K:) a valley which a small and an inconsiderable quantity of water causes to flow. (TA.) أَرْضٌ حَشَادٌ Land that does not flow with water save in consequence of much rain: (S:) or in consequence of [lasting, or continuous, rain, such as is termed] دِيمَة: (K:) or that flows with water in consequence of the least rain; (ISk, M, K;) as also زَهَادٌ and شَحَاحٌ and نَزِلَةٌ: (ISk:) or such as is the quickest to flow with water: (AA in a marginal note in a copy of the S:) or حَشَادٌ signifies a water-course of which the ground is hard, quickly flowing with water, having many minor water-courses (شِعَاب) pouring into its bed and uniting one with another. (ISh.) حَاشِدٌ [A people collecting themselves together, or assembling, &c. (see 1)]: pl. حُشَّدٌ, occurring in a trad., followed by وُفَّدٌ. (L.) b2: جَآءَ فُلَانٌ حَافِلًا حَاشِدًا and ↓ مُحْتَفِلًا مُحْتَشِدًا Such a one came [full of energy,] prepared, furnished, equipped, or accoutred. (S.) See also حَشِدٌ.

مَحْشُودٌ A man with whom is an assembly, or a collected body, or party, of men: (L:) or one to whom others collect themselves together; who is served, or waited on: (A:) or obeyed by others, (S, K,) among his people, (TA,) and whom they are prompt [instead of يَحِفُّونَ, in most of the copies of the K, I read يَخِفُّونَ, as in others and in the S,] to serve, (S, K,) and to whom they collect themselves together. (TA.) مَحَاشِدُ Places where people are collected to go forth: or it is a pl. of حَشْدٌ, contr. to rule, like مَشَابِهُ [pl. of شَبَهٌ] and مَلامِحُ [pl. of لَمْحَةٌ]. (L from a trad.) [See مَــخَاطِبُ.]

مُحْتَشِدٌ: see حَشِدٌ, and حَاشِدٌ.

حول

1 حَالَ, (S, Mgh, Msb, K, &c.,) aor. ـُ Msb, Er-Rághib,) inf. n. حَوْلٌ and حُؤُولٌ (K, Er-Rághib) [and حَوَلَانٌ], It (a thing) became altered, transmuted, or changed, (S, * Mgh, Msb, Er-Rághib, TA,) from its state, or condition, (S, Mgh,) or from its natural state or condition, and its constitution; as also ↓ استحال; (Msb;) i. q. ↓ تحوّل; (K:) which [here] signifies [as above; or] it became altered, transmuted, or changed, whether essentially or substantially, or in respect of predicament [or state or condition], or by saying; (Er-Rághib, TA;) and ↓ احال signifies the same: (K:) or this last is said of a man meaning مِنْ شَىْءٍ إِلَى شَىْءٍ ↓ تحوّل [he shifted, or turned, from one thing to another]: (TA:) and hence, (TA,) he became a Muslim: (IAar, K, TA:) for in this case one says of a man, عَمَّا كَانَ ↓ تحوّل يَعْبُدُ إِلَى الإِسْلَامِ [he turned from that which he was worshipping to El-Islám]. (IAar, TA.) b2: [Hence, also,] حال, inf. n. مَحَالٌ and حِيلَةٌ, i. q. احتال, q. v. (Ham p. 652.) b3: And حال and ↓ استحال It (anything) shifted, or removed, or went, or became shifted or transferred; syn. تحوّل: or it moved; syn. تحرّك: so accord. to different copies of the K: or, accord. to the O, the former verb has both of these significations: (TA:) or it has the latter of these significations, said of a شَخْص [i. e. a man, or person, or the figure of a thing seen from a distance]: (S:) or both verbs signify it (anything) became altered, or changed, (M, K,) from straightness, or evenness, (K,) to crookedness, or unevenness. (M, K.) You say, حَالَتِ القَوْسُ The bow became crooked (K, TA) in the portion between the part grasped by the hand and the curved extremity; or in the curved extremity: (TA:) or reverted from the state into which it was brought by pressure [with the ثِقَاف], and became crooked in the portion between the part grasped by the hand and the curved extremity; as also ↓ استحالت: (S, O:) and in like manner, الأَرْضُ عَنِ الاِسْتِوَآءِ إِلَى ↓ استحالتِ العِوَجِ [The ground became altered, or changed, from evenness to unevenness]: (S:) or [simply]

↓ استحالت it became uneven: (Msb:) [and الارض ↓ أَحَالَتِ (K in art. صمت) app. signifies the same:] or ↓ استحال signifies it (a thing) was disposed, or was about, to become altered, or changed. (Er-Rághib, TA.) And حال لَوْنُهُ Its colour altered, or changed, and became black. (S.) And حال It (a thing) shifted from its way, or manner, or direction. (TA.) And حال وَتَرُ القَوْسِ The string of the bow shifted from its place on the occasion of shooting: and حَالَتِ القَوْسُ وَتَرَهَا, [the bow shifted from its string.] (TA.) And حال مِنْ مَكَانِهِ, inf. n. حِوَلٌ, (O, TA,) or this is a simple subst., (S, M, K,) He, or it, shifted, or removed, from his, or its, place. (O, TA. [See حِوَلٌ, below.]) And حال إِلَى مَكَانٍ آخِرِ i. q. ↓ تحوّل [i. e. He, or it, shifted, or removed, or became shifted or transferred, to another place]. (S.) And حال عَنِ العَهْدِ, inf. n. حُؤُولٌ, i. q. انقلب [i. e. He withdrew, or receded, from the covenant, compact, agreement, or engagement]. (S.) b4: حال فِى مَتْنِ فَرَسِهِ, inf. n. حُؤُولٌ, He leaped, and rode, upon the back of his horse; as also ↓ احال: (S:) or حال فِى ظَهْرِ دَابَّتِهِ he leaped, and seated himself firmly, upon the back of his beast; as also ↓ احال: (K, TA:) and حال عَلَى

الفَرَسِ, (TA,) inf. n. حَوْلَةٌ, (K, * TA,) he seated himself firmly upon the horse. (K, * TA.) b5: حال صَبُوحُهُمْ عَلَى غَبُوقِهِمْ, Their morning-draught and their evening-draught became one, is said of people suffering from drought, and scarcity of milk. (TA.) b6: حال, (Mgh, Msb, K,) aor. as above, inf. n. حَوْلٌ, (Msb,) said of a year (حَوْلٌ), (Mgh, K,) It passed: (Msb:) or it revolved and passed: (Mgh:) or it became complete. (K.) You say, حال عَلَيْهِ الحَوْلُ, (S, K,) inf. n. حَوْلٌ and حُؤُولٌ, (K,) The year passed over him, or it; [or he, or it, became a year old;] (S, K;) as also ↓ احال. (S.) And حال, alone, (Msb, TA,) and ↓ احال and ↓ أَحْوَلَ, (Msb,) The year passed over it. (Msb, TA.) And ↓ احال (S, K) and ↓ أَحْوَلَ (S, TA) and ↓ احتال (K) A year passed over it; [or it became a year old;] (S, K, TA;) said of wheat, or food, and of other things: (S, TA:) and so حالت and ↓ احالت and ↓ أَحْوَلَتْ said of a دار [or house]: (S:) or حَالَتِ الدَّارُ and ↓ احالت and ↓ أَحْوَلَت and حِيلَ بِالدَّارِ years passed over the house: (K:) or the house became altered, or changed, and years passed over it: and in like manner one says, أَعَامَت and أَشْهَرَت. (TA.) and حال said of a boy, A year passed over him; [or he became a year old;] (S;) as also ↓ احول. (K.) And بِالمَكَانِ ↓ احال (Ks, S, Msb, K) and ↓ أَحْوَلَ (Ks, S, K) He remained, stayed, abode, or dwelt, a year in the place: (Ks, S, Msb, K:) or, as some say, a long time. (TA.) b7: حَالَتْ, inf. n. حِيَالٌ (S, Msb, K) and حِيَالَةٌ and حُؤُولٌ (K) and حُولٌ; (S;) and ↓ احالت, and ↓ حوّلت; (K;) said of a she-camel, (S, K,) &c., (K,) She did not conceive, or become pregnant, during a year, or two years, or some years: (K:) or she, having been covered by the stallion, did not become pregnant: (S, K:) or, said of a woman, and of a she-camel, she did not become pregnant. (Msb.) And حالت, (S, Mgh, Msb, TA,) and ↓ احالت, (Mgh,) said of a palm-tree (نَخْلَةٌ), It bore one year, and not another year: (Mgh, TA:) or did not bear, (S, Msb,) having been fecundated. (S.) b8: حال الشَّىْءُ بَيْنِى وَبَيْنَكَ, (S, Er-Rághib,) or بَيْنَ الشَّيْئَيْنِ, (Mgh, * K,) inf. n. حَيْلُولَةٌ, [originally حَيْوَلُولَةٌ,] (Mgh, Msb,) like كَيْنُونَةٌ [&c.], (Mgh,) and حُؤُولٌ (Mgh) and حَوْلٌ, (Er-Rághib, TA,) The thing intervened as a separation, a partition, a fence, a barrier, or an obstacle, or obstruction, (S, K, Er-Rághib, TA,) between me and thee, (S, Er-Rághib, TA,) or between the two things. (K.) You say, حال النَّهْرُ بَيْنَنَا The river intervened as a separation, or an obstacle, between us, preventing conjunction, or communication. (Msb.) and حال الشَّىْءُ دُونَ الشَّىْءِ [The thing intervened as an obstacle in the way to the thing]. (S voce اِعْتَرَضَ.) It is said in the Kur [viii. 24], وَاعْلَمُوا

أَنَّ اللّٰهَ يَحُولُ بَيْنَ المَرْءِ وَقَلْبِهِ [And know ye that God interveneth, or interposeth, between the man and his heart, or secret thoughts, or desire]: indicating that He turns him from his desire: (Er-Rághib, TA:) or that He possesses his heart, and turns it as He wills: (O, TA:) or that a man cannot believe nor disbelieve unless it be God's will: (Jel:) or, as some say, that God destroys a man; or reduces him to the vilest condition of life, in order that he may not know, after knowing, anything. (Er-Rághib, TA. [See other remote interpretations in the Ksh, and the Expos. of Bd.]) And in the same [xxxiv. 53], وَحِيلَ بَيْنَهُمْ وَ بَيْنَ مَا يَشْتَهُونَ [And an obstacle shall be made to intervene between them and that which they shall eagerly desire]. (TA.) b9: And حال الشَّىْءُ The thing poured out, or forth. (TA.) [See also 4.]

A2: حَوِلَتْ عَيْنُهُ, (S, K,) and حَالَتْ, inf. n. تَحَالُ, (K,) the latter, of the dial. of Temeem, accord. to Lth, (TA,) [but see what follows,] inf. n. حَوَلٌ; (S, M, Mgh, K;) and ↓ احولّت, (S, K,) inf. n. ↓ اِحْوِلَالٌ; (K;) His eye [squinted; i. e.] had the white apparent at the outer angle, and the black next the inner angle: (M, K:) or had the black turning towards the nose: (Lth, M, K:) or had one of the two blacks turned towards the nose, and the other towards the temple: (Mgh:) or had its black next the outer angle: or his eye was as though it looked towards the حِجَاج [or supraorbital bone]: or had the black inclining towards the outer angle: (M, K:) the first of which meanings is that commonly known: but some say that حَالَتْ signifies it was turned from its proper state: or it is anomalous: (TA:) the epithet applied to the man is ↓ أَحْوَلُ, (S, Mgh, K,) and ↓ حَوِلٌ: and that applied to the eye is [the fem. of the former of these, i. e.] ↓ حَوْلَآءُ: (K:) the pl. of which, and of the masc., is حُولٌ. (Har p. 412.) 2 حوّلهُ, inf. n. تَحْوِيلٌ, He altered it, transmuted it, or changed it, whether essentially, or substantially, or in respect of predicament [or state or condition], or by saying; (Er-Rághib, TA:) [as also ↓ احالهُ.] b2: [Hence, He turned it over, or about, in his mind, considering what might be its results, and so managed it; namely, an affair; like قَلَّبَهُ.] You say, رَجُلٌ بَصِيرٌ بِتَحْوِيلِ الأُمُورِ [A man who is knowing, skilful, or intel-ligent, in turning affairs over, or about, in his mind, &c.]. (S, TA.) And رَأْيَهُ فِى الأَمْرِ ↓ احال He altered, or changed, his opinion respecting the thing, or affair. (MA.) b3: He shifted it, removed it, or transferred it, from one place to another: (S, * Mgh, O, Msb, TA:) or حوّلهُ إِلَيْهِ he shifted it, removed it, or transferred it, to it, or him: (K:) and ↓ احالهُ signifies the same. (Msb.) [Hence,] حوّل الرِّدَآءَ, (Msb,) inf. n. as above, (Mgh,) He put the right side of the [garment called] رداء on the left: (Mgh:) or he shifted each extremity of the رداء to the place of the other. (Msb.) b4: He transferred, or transcribed, what was in it, namely, a book, or writing, to another, without doing away with the original form. (TA.) b5: He made it, or pronounced it to be, مُحَال [i. e. absurd, inconsistent, self-contradictory, unreal, or impossible]. (K. [See also 4.]) b6: حوّل عَيْنُهُ: see 4.

A2: See also 5, in two places. b2: حَوَّلَتْ said of a she-camel &c., i. q. حَالَتْ: (K:) see 1.3 حاولهُ, (S, M, K,) inf. n. مُحَاوَلَةٌ (M, K, KL) and حِوَالٌ, (M, K, TA, [in the CK, erroneously, حَوال,]) He desired it: (S, KL:) he sought it: (M, K, KL:) or he sought it by an artful contrivance or device; or by artful, or skilful, management; by turning over, or revolving, thoughts, ideas, schemes, or contrivances, in his mind, so as to find a way of attaining his object; syn. طَلَبَهُ بِحِيلَةٍ, (A,) or بِالْحِيلَةِ. (Har p. 326.) Aboo-Heiyeh En-Numeyree says, وَمَنْ يُحَاوِلُ شَيْئًا فِى فَمِ الأَسَدِ [And who will seek to get a thing in the mouth of the lion?] (Freytag's Arab. Prov. ii. 714.) and one says, حاول مِنْهَا الجِمَاعَ [He desired, or sought, of her, copulation, using blandishment, or artifice, for that purpose]. (T in art. رود, بِكَ أُحَاوِلُ occurring in a trad., means بك أُطَالِبُ [app. By means of Thee I seek, or demand, that which I want]. (Az, M, A, TA.) One says also, حَاوَلْتُهُ

أَنْ يَفْعَلَ الأَمْرَ [I sought, or endeavoured, to induce him to do the thing], and أَنْ يَتْرُكَهُ [to leave it]. (A in art. دور.) And, of water, حاول أَنْ يَجْمُدَ (L and K in art. جمد) (assumed tropical:) It was about to congeal, or freeze; was at the point of congealing, or freezing. (TK in that art.) b2: حَاوَلْتُ لَهُ بَصَرِى

I looked sharply, or intently, at him; I cast my eyes at him. (ISd, K.) 4 احال, as an intrans. v.: see 1, in eighteen places. b2: تَجَنَّبَ رَوْضَةً وَأَحَالَ يَعْدُو [He withdrew from a meadow, and set to running,] is a prov., meaning he forsook abundance of herbage, or of the goods and conveniences and comforts of life, and preferred to it straitness, or difficulty. (S.) b3: احال عَلَيْهِ بِالسَّوْطِ He set upon him with the whip, (S, MA, K,) يَضْرِبُهُ [striking him]: (S:) or he desired to strike him with the whip: or he struck him with the whip: (MA:) and أَحَلْتُهُ بِالسَّوْطِ, and بِالرُّمْحِ, [if احلته be not a mistranscription for أَحَلْتُ عَلَيْهِ, in the MS. from which I take this, as it may be inferred to be from what here precedes and follows,] I aimed at him with the whip, and with the spear, and set upon him with it: whence the saying, of him who has struck one at the point of death, and killed him, يُحِيلُ المَوْتَ عَلَى الضَّرْبِ, i. e. (assumed tropical:) He makes death [as it were] to hang upon, and cleave to, striking; like as the spear is made to cleave to the مُحَال عَلَيْه, who is the person thrust, or pierced. (Msb.) El-Farezdak says, (S, TA,) addressing Hubeyreh Ibn-Damdam, (TA,) وَكُنْتَ كَذِئْبِ السَّوْءِ لَمَّا رَأَى دَمًا بِصَاحِبِهِ يَوْمًا أَحَالَ عَلَى الدَّمِ i. e. [And thou mast like the wicked wolf: when he saw blood upon his companion, one day,] he set upon the blood. (S, TA.) b4: [Hence, perhaps,] حال عَلَيْهِ He reckoned him, or esteemed him, weak. (K.) b5: احال اللَّيْلِ Night poured upon the earth; (K;) and came on. (TA.) [See also 1, last sentence but one.] b6: احال بِفُلَانٍ الخُبْزُ The bread fattened such a one; and in like manner one says of anything by which one becomes fat. (AA, TA.) b7: And احال He did, or said, what was مُحَال [i. e. absurd, inconsistent, self-contradictory, unreal, or impossible]. (S, Sgh, K. *) b8: And His camels did not conceive, or become pregnant, (AA, S, K,) during a year, or two years, or some years, (K,) having been covered. (S.) A2: As a trans. v.: see 2, in three places. b2: احال الغَرِيمَ He referred the creditor, from himself, [for the payment of what was due to him,] to another. (M, K.) and أَحَلْتُهُ بِدَيْنِهِ I transferred his debt [i. e. the debt due to him from me] by making another person than myself responsible for it. (Msb.) and أَحَلْتُ زَيْدًا بِمَا كَانَ لَهُ عَلَىَّ عَلَى رَجُلٍ I referred, or turned over, Zeyd, for the payment of what was due to him from me, to a certain man, transferring the responsibility for the debt to the latter: in which case, I am termed ↓ مُحِيلٌ; and Zeyd is termed ↓ مُحَالٌ; and the other man, عَلَيْهِ ↓ مُحَالٌ, and عليه ↓ مُحْتَالٌ, and ↓ حَوِيلٌ; and the property, بِهِ ↓ مُحَالٌ: (Mgh:) and ↓ حَيِّلٌ, [originally حَوِيلٌ or حَيْوِلٌ,] also, is applied to him to whom the reference is made; and to him who accepts the reference; both together being termed حَيِّلَانِ. (Aboo-Sa'eed, TA.) And you say, احال عَلَيْهِ بِدَيْنِهِ [He referred a person to him for the payment of his debt]. (S.) And احال [alone] He transferred the debt for which he was responsible to the responsibility of another. (Har p. 59.) And أَحَلْتُ الأَمْرَ عَلَى زَيْدٍ [I turned over the affair to Zeyd;] I made the performance of the affair to be required restrictively of Zeyd. (Msb.) b3: احال عَلَيْهِ المَآءَ He poured out the water upon it: (K:) or احال المَآءَ مِنَ الدَّلْوِ he poured forth the water from the bucket, and turned over the latter. (S.) b4: احال اللّٰهُ عَلَيْهِ الحَوْلَ [God made the year to pass over him, or it]: (Lh, TA:) or احال اللّٰه الحَوْلَ God made the year complete. (K, TA.) b5: احال الرَّجُلُ إِبِلَهُ العَامَ [The man made his she-camels to pass the year without becoming pregnant; or] the stallion did not cover the man's she-camels during the year. (Lh, TA.) b6: أَحْوَلَ عَيْنَهُ, (Ks, Lh, S,) or أَحَالَهَا, and ↓ حوّلها, (K,) He made his eye to be حَوْلَآءَ [i. e. squinting, &c.]. (Ks, Lh, S, K.) [See 1, last sentence.] b7: احال كَلَامَهُ He made his speech مُحَال [i. e. absurd, inconsistent, or self-contradictory]. (S. [See also 2.]) A3: مَا أَحْوَلَ حِيلَكَ How fluctuating, and shifting, and varying, are thy evasions, wiles, artifices, or artful contrivances or devices! (Har p. 309.) b2: and مَا أَحْوَلَهُ How surpassing is he in the practice of evasions, shifts, wiles, artifices, or artful contrivances or devices; or in turning over, or revolving, thoughts, ideas, schemes, or contrivances, in his mind, so as to find a way of attaining his object! (Fr, S, K;) as also ما أَحْيَلَهُ. (Fr, S in art. حيل, and K.) 5 تحوّل: see 1, first sentence, in three places. [Hence,] تحوّل مُبْتَدِعًا [He turned innovator]. (O and K in art. بدع.) b2: It shifted, or removed, or went, or became shifted or transferred, (S, Msb, K,) from one place to another, (S,) or from its place; (Msb;) as also ↓ حوّل (S, * Msb, K *) [and حال and استحال, as shown above: see 1, near the beginning.] You say, تحوّل مِنْ مَكَانِهِ It shifted, &c., from its place. (Msb.) And تحوّل عَنْهُ It shifted from it to another. (K.) and تحوّل إِلَى مَكَانٍ آخَرَ i. q. حَالَ, q. v. (S.) and المَجَرَّةُ ↓ حَوَّلَتِ The Milky Way became in the midst of the sky; which it does in the summer, (Sh, K, TA,) when the season of heat comes on. (Sh, TA.) b3: See also 8, in two places.

A2: Also, (S, K,) or تحوّل حَالًا, (TA,) He carried a bundle upon his back. (S, K, TA.) And تحوّل الكِسَآءِ He put a thing in the [garment called] كساء, and then carried it on his back. (M, K.) b2: تحوّلهُ بِالمَوْعِظَةِ He sought to avail himself of the state in which he might be rendered prompt, or willing, to accept admonition. (AA, K.) 8 احتال عَلَيْهِ بِالدَّيْنِ [meaning He was referred, or turned over, to him for the payment of the debt] is from الحَوَالَةُ. (S, TA.) You say, احتال زَيْدٌ بِمَا كَانَ لَهُ عَلَىَّ عَلَى رَجُلٍ Zeyd was referred, or turned over, for the payment of what was due to him from me, to a certain man, to whom the responsibility for the debt was transferred. (Mgh.) b2: احتال said of a year; see 1. b3: احتال (S, MA, Msb, K, KL) and ↓ تحوّل (S, K) and تحيّل (K) signify the same, (S, K,) from الحِيلَةُ [q. v.]; (S;) and ↓ حَالَ, (Ham p. 652,) inf n. مَحَالٌ and حِيلَةٌ, (Ham ib. and K, *) also signifies the same as احتال; (Ham ib.;) which means He practised حِيلَة [i. e. an evasion or elusion, a shift, a wile, an artifice, or an artful contrivance or device, a machination, a trick, a plot, a stratagem, or an expedient, &c.]: (MA, KL:) or he exercised art, artifice, cunning, ingenuity, or shill, and excellence of consideration or deliberation, and ability to manage according to his own free mill, (K, TA,) with subtilty: (TA:) or he sought الحِيلَة i. e. [means of evading, or eluding, a thing, or of effecting an object, by] the exercise of art, artifice, cunning, ingenuity, or skill, in the management of affairs; by the turning over, or revolving, thoughts, ideas, schemes, or contrivances, in his mind, so as to find a way of attaining his object. (Msb.) You say, احتال فِى الأَمْرِ and ↓ تحوّل [&c., He practised an evasion or elusion, &c., in the affair]. (K.) [And احتال عَلَيْهِ He practised an artifice, or an artful contrivance or device, &c., against him. And احتال لِعِيَالِهِ He exercised art, artifice, cunning, ingenuity, or skill, in the management of affairs, for his family, or household.]

A2: اِحْتَوَلُوهُ They encompassed, or surrounded, him; or made him to be in the midst of them. (M, O, K.) 9 احوّلت عَيْنُهُ: see 1, last sentence. b2: [احوّلت الأَرْضُ: see 11.]10 استحال: see 1, in six places. b2: Also It (speech, or language, S, Msb, or a thing, TA) became مُحَال [i. e. absurd, inconsistent, selfcontradictory, unreal, or impossible]. (S, Msb, TA.) A2: استحالهُ He looked at it, (S, M, K,) namely, a شَخْص [i. e. a man, or person, or the figure of a thing seen at a distance], (S,) to see if it moved: (S, M, K:) as though he sought, or desired, its motion and change. (TA.) and استحال الجَهَامَ He looked at [the waterless clouds, or the clouds that had poured forth their water, to see if they changed or moved]. (TA.) b2: He reckoned it مُحَال [i. e. absurd, inconsistent, &c.: see above]. (KL.) 11 احوالّت الأَرْضُ, (K, TA, [in the CK احوّلت,]) inf. n. اِحْوِيلَالٌ, (TA,) (tropical:) The land became green, and its herbage stood erect, or became strong and erect. (K, TA.) [See حُوَلَآءُ.]

حَالٌ The state, condition, or case, (صِفَة,) of a thing; [considered as subject to change;] (Msb, Er-Rághib, TA;) as also ↓ حَالَةٌ: (Msb:) or the quality, or manner of being, and state, or condition, of a man, (K, TA,) in respect of good or evil; (TA;) as also ↓ حَالَةٌ: (K:) or the particular case, or predicament, of a man &c., in respect of changing events, in the soul and the body and the acquisitions: (Er-Rághib, TA:) and in the coventional language of the logicians, a fleeting, or quickly-transient, quality, such as accidental heat and cold and moisture and dryness; as also ↓ حَالَةٌ: (TA:) anything changing: (Ham p. 288:) the time in which one is; (Lth, K;) [the present time;] the end of the past, and the beginning of the future: and as a conventional term, [in grammar, the present tense: and (tropical:) the future: and also] a denotative of state of the agent or of the objective complement; [the former termed حَالٌ مِنَ الفَاعِلِ; and the latter, حَالٌ مِنَ المَفْعُولِ; and each said to be مَنْصُوبٌ عَلَى الحَالِ, i. e. put in the accus. case as a denotative of state, unless expressed by a complete proposition;] as [قَائِمًا] in the phrase زَيْدٌ فِى

الدَّارَ قَائِمًا [Zeyd is in the house, standing], and in ضَرَبْتُ زَيْدًا قَائِمًا [I beat Zeyd standing]: (Ibn-El-Kemál, TA:) it is fem., like حَالَةٌ; (Msb;) and mase. ; (Msb, K;) but mostly fem.: (TA:) the pl. is أَحْوَالٌ and أَحْوِلَةٌ, (K,) [both properly pls. of pauc., but the former often used as a pl. of mult., and often signifying circumstances,] the latter anomalous: (TA:) the pl. of ↓ حَالَةٌ is حَالَاتٌ: (TA:) or ↓ حالة is the n. un. or sing. of حَالٌ and أَحْوَالٌ [and حَالَاتٌ], used in relation to a man. (S, O.) You say حَالٌ حَسَنٌ and حَسَنَةٌ [A good state or condition &c.; as also ↓ حَالَةٌ حَسَنَةٌ]. (Msb.) And الدَّهْرِ ↓ حَالَاتُ and أَحْوَالُهُ The changes, or vicissitudes, of time or fortune. (K.) [And اِفْعَلْهُ حَالًا and فِى الحَالِ Do thou it now, or immediately. And عَلَى كُلِّ حَالٍ In any case: a phrase of frequent occurrence. The phrase قَالَ لِسَانُ الحَالِ (assumed tropical:) The tongue of the case said, (often used by late writers,) means the case seemed to say.]

A2: A load, or burden: (Ham p. 299:) [whence, perhaps, خَفِيفُ الحَالِ (which see in what follows) as meaning (assumed tropical:) having a small family to maintain:] and hence, (Ham ib.,) a bundle, or bundle of clothes, (كَارَةٌ,) which is carried on the back (S, Ham ib.) by a man: (S:) or a thing that a man carries on his back, (ISd, O, K,) whatever it be. (ISd, TA.) b2: A [garment of the kind called] كِسَآء in which one collects, or seeks and collects, dry herbage: (O, K:) or a garment, or piece of stuff, of which two ends are tied in a knot behind the flanks, and the other two ends over the head; in which one collects dry herbage; also called شُكْبَانٌ. (TA in art. شكب.) A3: A child's go-cart, by means of which he practises walking; (S, K *, TA;) resembling a small عَجَلَة; (S;) also called دَرَّاجَةٌ [q. v.]. (S, TA.) A4: The part of a horse that is the place of the لِبْد [or saddle-cloth]: or the line along the middle of the back: (K, TA:) or حَالُ مَتْنِ الفَرَسِ signifies the middle of the back of the horse; the place of the لِبْدِ. (S.) [See also its syn. حَاذٌ.] خَفِيفُ الحَالِ signifies the the same as خَفِيفُ الحَاذِ, (A in art. حوذ,) which means (tropical:) A man light of back; (S, A, L, Msb, all in art. حوذ;) i. e. having little property: and also having a small family to maintain; (L in that art. ;) or having little property and a small family to maintain; (L and K in that art. ;) like خَفِيفُ الظَّهْرِ. (A, L, Msb, all in that art.) A5: Black mud: (S, K:) from حَالَ “ it became altered, or changed. ” (TA.) It is said in a trad. that the حال of El-Kowthar is musk: (TA:) and in another, that Gabriel took of the حال of the river [Nile] and put it into the mouth of Pharaoh; (S, TA;) but here it has the meaning next following. (TA.) Black fetid mud; syn. حَمْأَةٌ. (K, and Ham p. 288.) And Soft earth. (K, and Ham ib.) b2: And hence, (tropical:) Weakness, and softness. (Ham ib.) b3: Stinking flesh-meat. (Ham ib.) b4: Hot ashes (IAar, K, and Ham ib.) b5: The leaves of the سَمُر [acacia, or mimosa, gummifera,] beaten and shaken off into a garment, or piece of cloth. (K.) b6: Milk. (M, K.) A6: In the dial. of Hudheyl, (IAar, TA,) A wife. (IAar, K.) حَوْلٌ A year; (S Msb, K, Er-Rághib, &c. ;) so termed in consideration of its changing, and of the revolution of the sun in its places of rising and setting; (Er-Rághib, TA;) or as being the period in which [certain] plants attain their complete strength: (El-Harállee, TA:) and even if it has not passed; because it will be [properly speaking] a حَوْل: an inf. n. used as a simple subst.: (Msb:) pl. [of pauc., but also used as a pl. of mult.,] أَحْوَالٌ (M, Msb, K) and [of mult.] حُؤُولٌ and حُوُولٌ, (M, K,) the former with ء and the latter with و. (TA.) A2: Strength, power, might, or force; syn. قُوَّةٌ; (S, TA;) as also ↓ حِيلَةٌ [originally حِوْلَةٌ] (TA) and ↓ حَوْلَةٌ, (K, TA,) or this last is a n. un. from حَوْلٌ: (TA:) it is in the soul and the body and the acquisitions: and hence the saying, in a trad., لَا حَوْلَ وَ لَا قُوَّةَ إِلَّا بِاللّٰهِ العَلِىِّ العَظِيمِ [There is no strength nor power but in, or by means of, God, the High, the Great]: (Er-Rághib, TA:) or it here signifies motion; [see also حَوْلَةٌ;] and the meaning is, there is no motion nor power, or ability, but by the will of God: (AHeyth, TA:) or, as some say, the meaning is, there is no حول [i. e. changing, or turning, or receding,] from disobedience, nor قوّة [i. e. power] to obey, but by the accommodating, or disposing, of God. (Msb.) b2: See also حِيلَةٌ.

A3: حَوْلُ شَىْءِ The lateral, or adjacent, part to which a thing may shift, or remove: (Er-Rághib, TA:) or the environs [of a thing]. (Msb.) You say, قَعَدُوا حَوْلَهُ, (S, K, *) or قَعَدْنَا حَوْلَهُ, the noun being in the accus. case as an adv. n. of place, i. e., [They sat, or we sat, around him, or it, or] in his, or its, environs; (Msb;) and ↓ حَوَالَهُ, and حَوْلَيْهِ, (S, K,) dual of حَوْل, (TA,) and ↓ حَوَالَيْهِ, (S, Msb, K,) dual of حَوَال, (TA,) and أَحْوَالَهُ, (ISd, K,) pl. of حَوْل, and used to give intensiveness to the meaning: (ISd, TA:) but you should not say حَوَالِيهِ. (S, Sgh.) And وَلَا عَلَيْنَا ↓ اَللّٰهُمَّ حَوَالَيْنَا [O God, be Thou around us as our protector, and not against us,] occurs in a trad. respecting prayer. (TA.) It is said, in the Expos. of the exs. cited as testimonies by Sb, that one sometimes says ↓ حَوَالَيْكَ and حَوْلَيْكَ, meaning Around thee, in every direction; dividing the surrounding parts into two; like as one says, أَحَاطُوا بِهِ مِنْ جَانِبَيْهِ, not meaning that any of the surrounding parts remained vacant. (TA.) [See also an ex. voce دَنْدَنَ.]

حَوَلٌ inf. n. of حَوِلَتْ عَيْنُهُ. (S, K. [See 1, last sentence.]) A2: See also حَائِلٌ.

حَوِلٌ: see حُوَّلٌ: b2: and see also 1, last sentence.

حُوَلٌ: see حُوَّلٌ: b2: and حَائِلٌ: b3: and حِيَالٌ.

حِوَلٌ Removal from one place to another, in a passive sense; a subst. from تَحَوَّلَ: (S, O, K:) and in an active sense; a subst. from حَوَّلَهُ; (K;) accord. to ISd, it is the latter [only]; (TA;) as also ↓ حَوِيلٌ. (K.) Hence, in the Kur [xviii. 108], لَا يَبْغُونَ عَنْهَا حَوْلًا [They shall not desire removal from it]

حَوُلَ (S, M, O, K:) or, as some say, it here means ↓ حِيلَةً; i. e. they shall not [desire to] practise, or seek to practise, any evasion from it to another abode. (TA.) b2: See also حِيَلةٌ [of which it is said to be both a syn. and a pl.]. b3: And see حُولَةٌ.

A2: Also A furrow, or trench, in the ground, in which palm-trees are planted in a row. (ISd, K.) حَالَةٌ; pl. حَالَاتٌ: see حَالٌ, in seven places.

حَوْلَةٌ Motion, or removal, (تَحَرُّكٌ or تَحَوُّلٌ, accord. to different copies of the K, the former being the reading in the TA,) and change of state. (K.) [See also حَوْلٌ. And see حَالَ عَلَى الفَرَسِ, of which it is the inf. n.] b2: See also حِيلَةٌ. b3: And see حَوْلٌ, as meaning قُوَّةٌ.

حُولَةٌ: see حُوَّلٌ: b2: and حِيلَةٌ. b3: Also A wonder, or wonderful thing; pl. حُولٌ. (K: [but probably this should be حُوَلٌ, as below.]) b4: [It is also used as a pl., signifying Wonders.] Yousay, هٰذَا مِنْ حُولَةِ الدَّهِْ This is of the wonders of the age, or of time, or fortune; as also من ↓ حَوَلَانِهِ, and ↓ حِوَلِهِ [pl. of ↓ حِيلَةٌ], and ↓ حُوَلَائِهِ. (K, TA: the last, in one copy of the K, ↓ حُوَلَانِهِ, and in the CK ↓ حُوْلانهِ.) b5: An evil, or abominable, event or accident; (K, * TA;) a calamity, or misfortune: pl. حُوَلٌ: as in the saying, هُوَ حُولَةٌ مِنَ الحُوَلِ It is a calamity of calamities. (S, TA.) It is also used as an epithet; so that one says, جَآءَ بِأَمْرٍ حُولَةٍ [He did, or brought to pass, an evil, or abominable, thing]. (M, TA.) حِيلَةٌ, (S, M, Msb, K, &c.,) originally حِوْلَةٌ, (Er-Rághib, TA,) [said to be an inf. n., (see 8,)] and ↓ حَوْلٌ (S, M, K) and حَيْلٌ and ↓ حِوَلٌ, (M, K,) which is also a pl. of the first, (K,) and ↓ حَوْلَةٌ (K) and ↓ حُولَةٌ (Ks, TA) and ↓ حَوِيلٌ (M, K) and ↓ حَائِلَةٌ (Ham p. 652) and ↓ مَحَالَةٌ (S, K) and ↓ مَحَالٌ, (M, K,) [said to be an inf. n., (see 8,)] and ↓ مَحِيلَةٌ, (Sgh, TA,) i. q. اِحْتِيَالٌ and تَحَوُّلٌ and تَحَيُّلٌ; (M, K; [see 8;]) [or A mode, or manner, of changing from one state to another, or of shifting from one thing to another; حِيلَةٌ being of the measure فِعْلَةٌ from حَالَ, like جِلْسَةٌ &c. from جَلَسَ &c.; or from تَحَوُّلٌ as syn. with حَالَ; (see what follows;) a mode, or means, of evading or eluding a thing, or of effecting an object; an evasion or elusion, a shift, a wile, an artifice, or artful contrivance or device, a machination, a trick, a plot, a stratagem, or an expedient;] a means of effecting one's transition from that which he dislikes to that which he likes; (KT, in explanation of the first word;) art, artifice, cunning, ingenuity, or skill, (Msb, K,) in the management of affairs; i. e. the turning over, or revolving, thoughts, ideas, schemes, or contrivances, in the mind, so as to find a way of attaining one's object; (Msb;) and excellence of consideration or deliberation; and ability to manage according to one's own free will, (K, TA,) with subtilty: (TA:) accord. to Er-Rághib, حِيلَةٌ signifies a means of attaining to some state concealedly; and it is mostly used of that in which is sin, or offence, or disobedience; but sometimes of that in the exercise of which is wisdom; and hence God is described as شَدِيدُ

↓ المَحَالِ, meaning strong in attaining, concealedly from men, to that in which is wisdom: accord. to Abu-l-Bakà, it is from التَّحَوُّلُ; because by it one shifts from one state to another, by a species of forecast, and gentleness, or delicacy, so as to change a thing from its outward appearance: (TA:) the pl. of حِيلَةٌ is حِوَلٌ and حِيَلٌ [which latter is the most common form, and also, as well as حِوَلٌ, said to be syn. with the sing.,] and حِيلَاتٌ. (K.) One says, لَا حِيلَةَ لَهُ [He has no mode, or means, of evading &c.]. (TA.) [and مَا بِيَدِى حِيلَةٌ I have no mode, or means, of evading &c.]. And ↓ المَرْءُ يَعْجِزُ لَا مَحَالَةَ [Man becomes impotent: there is no avoiding it]. (S.) مِنْهُ ↓ لَا مَحَالَةَ means لَا بُدَّ [There is no avoiding it, or escaping it]. (S, * K.) One says, المَوْتُ آتٍ

↓ لَا مَحَالَةَ [Death comes: there is no avoiding it]. (S.) See also حِوَلٌ. b2: And see حُولَةٌ: b3: and حَوْلٌ. b4: [عِلْمُ الحِيَلِ The science of mechanics.]

حُوَلَةٌ: see حُوَّلٌ, in two places.

حَوْلِىٌّ A solid-hoofed animal in his first year: (S, O:) or a solid-hoofed animal, &c., a year old; a yearling: (K:) it is applied in this sense to a camel: and also to a plant: (TA:) and so ↓ مُحْوِلٌ and ↓ مُحِيلٌ applied to wheat, or food, &c.: (S, O:) and ↓ مُحْوِلٌ applied to a boychild: (K:) or, as some say, this signifies in the state of childhood; not limited to a year old: (TA:) the fem. of حَوْلِىٌّ is حَوْلِيَّةٌ: pl. [masc. حَوَالِىٌّ; and] fem. حَوْلِيَّاتٌ. (S, K.) حَوْلِىٌّ الغَضَا Young trees of the kind called غَضًا. (TA.) حِيَلِىٌّ: see حُوَّلٌ.

حُوَلَآءُ and حِوَلَآءُ, the latter like عِنَبَآءُ and سِيَرَآءُ, which are the only other words of this measure, (S, K,) accord. to Kh, (S,) [The membrane that encloses the she-camel's fœtus in the womb;] to the she-camel, like the مَشِيمَة (K, TA) to the woman; (TA;) i. e., (K,) a skin (S, K) of a dark, or an ashy, dust-colour (خَضْرَآء), full of water, (K,) which comes forth with the fœtus, containing أَغْرَاس [pl. of غِرْس, q. v.], and having lines, or streaks, which are red, and of a dark, or an ashy, dust-colour (خُضْر): (S, K:) or it comes forth after the fœtus, in the first سَلَى; and is the first thing that comes forth therefrom: so says ISk: and the word is sometimes used in relation to a woman: (TA:) or, accord. to Az, the water that comes forth upon the head of the fœtus, [i. e.] at the birth: (S:) or a membrane like a large bucket, which is full of water, and bursts when it falls upon the ground: then comes forth the سَلَى; and a day, or two days, after that, the صَآءَة. (TA.) Hence the saying, نَزَلُوا فِى مِثْلِ حُوَلاءِ النَّاقَةِ, (K,) and فى مثل حولاء السَّلَى, (TA,) (tropical:) They alighted amid abundance of water and green herbage. (K, * TA.) and رَأَيْتُ أَرْضًا مِثْلَ الحولاءِ (tropical:) I saw land having dark green herbage. (TA.) A2: See also حُولَةٌ.

حَوَلَان and حُوَلَان and حُوْلَان: see حُولَةٌ.

حُولَلٌ: see حَائِلٌ, in four places.

حَوَلْوَلٌ: see حُوَّلٌ, in two places.

حَوَالٌ The changing, or varying, of time, or fortune. (K.) A2: حَوَالَهُ, and حَوَالَيْهِ, and حَوَالَيْنَا, and حَوَالَيْكَ: see حَوْلٌ.

حِوَالٌ: see حَائِلٌ, in two places.

حِيَالٌ [in the CK, erroneously, حَيال] The front of a thing, as meaning the part, place, or location, that is over against, opposite, facing, fronting, or in front; syn. قُبَالَةٌ. (K, and Mgh in art. حيل.) You say, قُمْتُ حِيَالَهُ I stood in front of him; in the part, place, or location, that was over against him, opposite to him, &c.; syn. قُبَالَتَهُ. (Msb in art. حيل.) And قَعَدَ حِيَالَةٌ and بِحِيَالِهِ He sat in front of him, over against him, opposite to him, facing or fronting him; syn. بِإِزَائِهِ. (S, K.) And هٰذَا حِيَالَ كَلِمَتِكَ This is opposite to thy saying; syn. مُقَابَلَةَ; in the accus. case, as an adv. n. of place: thus related by IAar from the Arabs: but one may also say حِيَالُ كَلِمَتِكَ [the opposite of thy saying], making the phrase to consist of an inchoative and an enunciative: so says ISd. (TA.) It is originally with و [in the place of the ى]. (S, O.) b2: عَلَى حِيَالِهِ [By himself or itself; independently]. You say, أَعْطِ كُلَّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمْ عَلَى

حِيَالَهُ Give thou to every one of them by himself; syn. على حِدَتِهِ; (S in art. وحد;) or بِانْفِرَادِهِ. (Mgh in art. حيل.) And فَعَلْتُ كُلَّ شَىْءٍ عَلَى

حِيَالِهِ I did everything by itself; syn. بِانْفِرَادِهِ. (Msb in art. حيل.) A2: Also A string that is tied from the camel's بِطَان [or belly-girth] to his حَقَب [or hind girth], to prevent the حَقَب from going against the sheath of his penis: (K:) so, too, in the M: but in the O, as on the authority of AA, ↓ حُوَلٌ, like صُرَدٌ, signifies the string that is between the حَقَب and the بِطَان. (TA.) حَوِيلٌ: see 4, in the latter half of the paragraph. b2: [Hence,] One who is responsible, or answerable. (K.) b3: And A witness. (K.) A2: See also حِوَلٌ: b2: and حِيلَةٌ. b3: Also [Desire: or a seeking: or a seeking by an artful contrivance or device, or by artful or skilful management, to find a way of attaining an object:] a subst. from حَاوَلَهُ. (S, O, K.) حَوَالَةٌ The effecting a transition of one river, or rivulet, to another. (M, K.) [This is what is meant by the حوالة in المُزَارَعَة, mentioned in the Mgh, as “ customary in the cases of certain plants, as rice, and the بَاذِنْجَان, and in planting. ”] b2: The transfer of a claim, or of a debt, by shifting the responsibility from one person to another: (Mgh:) the transfer of a debt by shifting the responsibility of him who transfers it to him to whom it is transferred: (KT:) [a reference made by a debtor, of his creditor, to a debtor of the former, for the payment of what is owed by the former to the latter: an order for the payment of a debt, or of a sum of money, given by one person, upon another, to a third person: so in the present day:] a subst. (S, K) from أَحَالِ عَلَيْهِ بِدَيْنِهِ, (S,) or from أَحَلْتُهُ بِدَيْنِهِ, (Msb,) or from أَحَالَ الغَرِيمَ. (K.) [See 4.] b3: A responsibility; accountableness. (K.) حَوَالِىٌّ and حُوَالِىٌّ: see the next paragraph.

حُوَّلٌ, applied to a man, signifies بَصِيرُ بِتَحْوِيلِ الأُمُورِ [i. e. Knowing, skilful, or intelligent, in turning affairs over, or about, in his mind, considering what may be their results, and so managing them]; (S, TA;) as also حُوَّلٌ قُلَّبٌ, (TA, and so in copies of the S,) and قُلَّبٌ ↓ حُوَّلِىٌّ, (TA, and so in a copy of the S,) and قُلَّبِىٌّ ↓ حُوَّلِىٌّ, and ↓ حَوَّالٌ; (TA;) and ↓ حُوَلَةٌ signifies ↓ مُحْتَالٌ [i. e. one who exercises art, artifice, cunning, ingenuity, or skill, and excellence of consideration or deliberation, and ability to manage according to his own free will, with subtilty; &c.; see the verb (8) of which مُحْتَالٌ is the part. n.]: (S:) or حُوَّلٌ and ↓ حُوَلٌ and ↓ حُوَلَةٌ and ↓ حُوْلَةٌ and ↓ حُوَّلِىٌّ, [in the CK, erroneously, حَوْلٰى,] like سُكَّرِىٌّ, [in the CK like سَكْرىٰ,] and ↓ حَالِىٌّ and ↓ حُوَالِىٌّ and ↓ حَوَلْوَلٌ, signify شَدِيدُ الاِحْتِيَالِ [i. e. one who exercises great art, artifice, &c.]: (Sgh, K:) all of these forms are mentioned by ISd, except حُوْلَةٌ and حُوَّلِىٌّ: (TA:) accord. to some, قُلَّبٌ حُوَّلٌ signifies experienced, or expert, in affairs; or one who has been tried, or proved, and strengthened by experience in affairs: (Har p. 312:) and ↓ حَوِلٌ signifies the same as حُوَّلٌ; (Ham p. 34;) having much حِيلَة [i. e. art, artifice, &c.]: accord. to analogy, it should be [حَالٌ,] like مَالٌ and صَاتٌ as epithets applied to a man: (Idem pp. 530 and 531:) حَيَّالٌ, also, [in like manner,] signifies صَاحِبُ حِيلَةٍ [i. e. one who exercises art, artifice, &c., as above]; and so ↓ حِيَلِىٌّ [from حِيَلٌ, pl. of, or syn. with, حِيلَةٌ]: (TA:) and ↓ حَوْلْوَلٌ [mentioned above (in the CK, erroneously, in this instance, حَواوِل)] signifies also cunning, or intelligent, or skilful and knowing; and quick and sharp or vigorous or effective; syn. مُنْكَرٌ كَمِيشٌ; (K, TA;) applied to a man. (TA.) حَيِّلٌ: see 4, in the latter half of the paragraph.

حُوَّلِىٌّ: see حُوَّلٌ, in three places.

حَوَّالٌ: see حُوَّلٌ.

حَائِلٌ Altering, or being transmuted, or changing; or altered, or transmuted, or changed; [in any manner; and particularly] in colour; (K, TA;) and becoming, or become, black; applied to a bone, and any other thing. (TA.) b2: Anything [shifting, or moving, or] that has shifted, or moved, in فِى [app. a mistranscription for مِنْ from]) its place. (TA.) b3: A she-camel, and any female, not conceiving, or not becoming pregnant, during a year, (M, K,) or two years, (K,) or some years: (M, K:) or a she-camel not pregnant (S, Msb, K) after having been covered by the stallion; (S, K;) because denoting a change from what is usual; (Er-Rághib, TA;) and in like manner applied to a ewe, or she-goat; (TA;) and to a woman: (Msb:) pl. حِيَالٌ and حُولٌ (S, K) and حُوَّلٌ, (K,) and ↓ حُولَلٌ (M, K) is a quasi-pl. n.: (M, TA:) [whence,] حَائِلُ حُولٍ and ↓ حُولَلٌ used as intensive epithets: or حَائِلٌ signifies not conceiving in one year, (K, TA,) when she has been covered: (TA:) and حَائِلُ حُولٍ and ↓ حُولَلٍ, not conceiving during two years; (K;) not conceiving in the first year after having been covered, nor in the next following year; like عَائِطُ عُوطٍ and عِيطٍ and عُوطَطٍ: (S in art. عوط:) one says also, لَقِحَتْ عَلَى حُولٍ and ↓ حُولَلٍ [app. meaning She conceived after having failed to do so for two years; for it seems that in this case حول and حولل are inf. ns., or that the latter is a subst. having the sense of an inf. n.: see 1, and see also عُوطَطٌ]: (TA:) and ↓ مُحَوِّلٌ signifies the same as حَائِلٌ. (K.) Also A palm-tree (Msb, K) that bears one year, and not another year: (K:) or not bearing. (Msb.) b4: The female young one of a camel, at the time of her birth: the male is termed سَقْبٌ: (S, K:) pl. حُولٌ and حَوَائِلُ. (TA.) One says, نُتِجَتِ النَّاقَةُ حَائِلًا حَسَنَةً [The she-camel brought forth a beautiful female young one]. (S.) And لَا أَفْعَلُ ذَاكَ مَا أَرْزَمَتْ أُمُّ حَائِلٍ

[I will not do that as long as a mother of a female young camel utters her gentle yearning cry]. (S.) A2: Also, (Lth, Mgh, O, TA,) and ↓ حِوَالٌ (Lth, K) and ↓ حُوَلٌ and ↓ حَوَلٌ, (K,) A thing that intervenes as a separation, a partition, a fence, a barrier, or an obstacle, or obstruction, between two other things. (Lth, Mgh, * O, K.) One says, بَيْنَهُمَا ↓ هٰذَا حِوَالٌ, i. e. حَائِلٌ [This is a thing intervening as a separation, &c., between them two]; like حِجَازٌ and حَاجِزٌ. (Lth, O, TA.) حَائِلَةٌ: see حِيَلةٌ.

أَحْوَلُ; and its fem. حَوْلَآءُ: see 1, last sentence. b2: أَحْوَلُ مِنْ بَوْلِ الجَمَلِ [More wry than the urine of the he-camel]: because it does not come forth straight, but [backwards, and] inclining to one side: a prov. (TA.) b3: هُوَ أَحْوَلُ مِنْكَ He is one who has more حِيلَة [meaning art, artifice, cunning, ingenuity, or skill, in the management of affairs, &c.,] than thou; (Fr, S, K;) as also ↓ أَحْيَلُ. (K.) And النَّاسِ ↓ هُوَ أَحْيَلُ [He is the most artful, cunning, ingenious, or skilful, of men]; originally أَحْوَلُ. (MF in art. رود: see أَرْوَدُ.) أَحْيَلُ: see the next preceding paragraph, in two places.

تَحَاوِيلُ الأَرْضِ means أَنْ تُخْطِئَ حَوْلًا وَتُصِيبَ حَوْلًا, (O, K,) i. e. The leaving the land unsown one year, and sowing it another year: whereby the land is strengthened. (TK.) مَحَالٌ: see حِيلَةٌ, in two places: b2: and see also مَحَالَةٌ, in three places.

مُحَالٌ; and مُحَالٌ عَلَيْهِ; and مُحَالٌ بِهِ: see 4, in the latter half of the paragraph. b2: مُحَالٌ also signifies [Absurd; inconsistent; self-contradictory;] comprising two contradictories; as when one speaks of one body in two places in one case [or time]: (Er-Rághib, TA:) that cannot be conceived as existing in reality: (TA:) i. q. بَاطِلٌ [as meaning untrue, or unreal]; (Msb, TA;) impossible; that cannot be: (Msb:) perverted; turned from its proper way or manner of being; (K;) applied to speech; (S, K;) as also ↓ مُسْتَحِيلٌ. (K.) مُحْوِلٌ: see مُحِيلٌ: b2: and see also حَوْلِىٌّ, in two places.

مُحِيلٌ: see 4, in the latter half of the paragraph. b2: Also A woman that brings forth a boy next after a girl; or the reverse: and in like manner applied to a she-camel; as also ↓ مُحْوِلٌ and ↓ مُحَوِّلٌ: (Ks, Sgh, K:) and accord. to some, ↓ مُتَحَوِّلٌ [if not a mistranscription for مُحْوِلٌ or مُحَوِّلٌ] signifies a she-camel that brings forth one year a male, and another year a female. (TA.) b3: See also حَوْلِىٌّ.

مَحَالَةٌ: see حِيلَةٌ, in four places. b2: Also A machine (مَنْجَنُون, Lth, K) over which [passes the rope whereby] water is drawn: (Lth, TA:) and, (K,) or as some say, (TA,) a great بَكْرَة [or sheave of a pulley], (S in art. محل, and K,) by means of which camels draw water: (S ubi suprà and TA:) [see سَانِيَةٌ:] pl. مَحَاوِلُ and [coll. gen. n.] ↓ مَحَالٌ. (K.) b3: The vertebræ; as also ↓ مَحَالٌ: (K: [in the CK, الفَقَارِ is erroneously put for الفَقَارُ:]) or the latter has this meaning; and the former signifies a single vertebra: and the م may be radical: (M, TA:) pl. مَحَالَاتٌ. (T in art. ملح.) b4: The middle (وَاسِط, as in the M and O; in the K, erroneously, وَاسِطَة, TA) of the back; (M, O, K;) as also ↓ مَحَالٌ: but accord. to some, the م is radical. (TA.) مَحِيلَةٌ: see حِيلَةٌ.

مُحَوِّلٌ: see حَائِلٌ: b2: and مُحِيلٌ.

مِحْوَالٌ A man who says much that is مُحَال [or absurd, inconsistent, self-contradictory, unreal, or impossible]. (Lth, K. *) مُحْتَالٌ: see 4, in the latter half of the paragraph. b2: أَرْضٌ مُحْتَالَةٌ (tropical:) Land upon which rain has not fallen. (TA.) b3: See also حُوَّلٌ.

مُتَحَوَّلٌ [pass. part. n. of تَحَوَّلَهُ.

A2: Also] an inf. n. of تَحَوَّلَ. (Ham p. 503.) A3: And A place to which one shifts, removes, or becomes transferred. (Idem ib.) مُتَحَوِّلٌ: see مُحِيلٌ.

رِجْلٌ مُسْتَحَالَةٌ A leg that is crooked in the two extremities of its shank. (M, O, TA.) In the K, رَجُلٌ is erroneously put for رِجْلٌ, and سَاقَيْهِ for سَاقِهَا. (TA.) And ↓ قَوْسٌ مُسْتَحِيلَةٌ (S, K) and مُسْتَحَالَةٌ (K) A bow that is crooked (S, K, TA) in the portion between the part grasped by the hand and the curved extremity, or in its curved extremity. (TA.) And ↓ أَرْضٌ مُسْتَحِيلَةٌ Uneven ground: (S, TA:) or i. q. مُسْتَحَالَةٌ, (K,) which means land that has been left [unsown, or uncultivated,] a year, or years. (M, K.) مُسْتَحِيلٌ; fem. with ة: see the paragraph next preceding, in two places: b2: and see also مُحَالٌ.

A2: Also Full. (K.)

بين

1 بَانَ, (M, Mgh, Msb, K,) [aor. ـِ inf. n. بَيْنُونَةٌ and بُيُونٌ (M, Mgh, K) and بَيْنٌ, (M, K,) It (a thing) became separated, severed, disunited, or cut off, (M, Mgh, Msb, K,) عَنِ الشَّىْءِ from the thing. (Mgh.) And بَانَتْ, (M, K,) or بَانَتْ بِالطَّلَاقِ, (Msb,) She (a wife) became separated by divorce, (M, Msb, K,) عَنِ الرَّجُلِ from the man. (M, K.) And بَانَتٌ said of a girl, [She became separated from her parents by marriage;] she married: (ISh, T:) as though she became at a distance from the house of her father. (ISh, TA.) And بَانَ, (M,) or بَانَ بِمَالٍ, aor. ـِ (T,) inf. n. بُيُونٌ (T, M) and بَيْنٌ, (M,) He became separated from his father, or mother, or both, by property [which he received from him, or her, or them,] (Az, T, M,) to be his alone: (Az, T:) and ElFárisee states, on the authority of Az, that one] says also, بَانَ عَنْهُ and بَانَهُ [the former app. meaning he became separated thus from him, i. e., from his father; and the latter being syn. with

أَبَانَهُ, q. v.]. (M.) And بَانَ الخَلِيطُ, inf. n. بَيْنٌ and بَيْنُونَةٌ, [The partner, or copartner, or sharer, &c., became separated from the person, or persons, with whom he had been associated.] (T.) and بَانَتْ يَدُ النَّاقَةِ عَنْ جَنْبِهَا, inf. n. بُيُونٌ, [The fore leg of the she-camel became withdrawn, or apart, from her side.] (T.) And بَانَ, (S, M, Msb,) and بَانُوا, (K,) aor. ـِ (S,) inf. n. بَيْنٌ and بَيْنُونَةٌ, (S, M, Msb, K,) He separated himself, or it separated itself; (S; [in one copy of which it is said of a thing;]) and they separated themselves: (K:) or it (a tribe, M, Msb) went, journeyed, went away, or departed; and went, removed, retired, or withdrew itself, to a distance, or far away, or far off. (Msb.) b2: بَانَ, (T, S, M, &c.,) aor. ـِ (T, Msb,) inf. n. بَيَانٌ; (T, S, Mgh, K;) and ↓ ابان, (T, S, M, &c.,) inf. n. إِبَانَةٌ; (T, Msb;) and ↓ بيّن, (T, S, M, &c.,) inf. n. تَبْيِينٌ; (S;) and ↓ تبيّن; and ↓ استبان; (T, S, M, &c.,) all signify the same; (T, M, Msb;) i. e. It (a thing, T, S, M, Mgh, or an affair, or a case, Msb) was, or became, [distinct, as though separate from others; and thus,] apparent, manifest, evident, clear, plain, or perspicuous: (S, Mgh, Msb, K:) and it was, or became, known. (K.) You say, بَانَ الحَقُّ [The truth became apparent, &c.; or known]; as also ↓ ابان. (T.) and الصُّبْحُ لِذِى عَيْنَيْنِ ↓ قَدْ بَيَّنَ The dawn has become apparent to him who has two eyes: a prov.: (S, M:) applied to a thing that becomes altogether apparent, or manifest. (Har p. 542.) And it is said in the Kur [ii. 257], الرُّشْدُ مِنَ الغَىِّ ↓ قَدْ تَبَيَّنَ [The right belief hath become distinguished from error]. (TA.) and the lawyers, correctly, use the phrase, كَصَوْتٍ لَا مِنْهُ حُرُوفٌ ↓ يَسْتَبِينُ [Like a sound whereof letters are not distinguishable]. (Mgh.) b3: [It seems to be indicated in the TA that بَانَ, aor. ـِ inf. n. بَيْنٌ and بَيْنُونَةٌ, also signifies It was, or became, united, or connected; thus having two contr. meanings; but I have not found the verb used in this sense, though بَيْنٌ signifies both disunion and union.]

A2: بَانَهُ, aor. ـِ inf. n. بَيْنٌ: see بَانَهُ, aor. ـُ inf. n. بَوْنٌ, in art. بون.

A3: See also 2, in two places.2 بيّن, intrans., inf. n. تَبْيِينٌ: see 1, in two places. b2: You say also, بيّن الشَّجَرُ The trees, (K,) or the leaves of the trees, (TA,) appeared, when beginning to grow forth. (K, TA.) and بيّن القَرْنُ (tropical:) The horn came forth. (K, TA.) A2: بيّن بِنْتَهُ: see 4. b2: بيّنهُ, (T, Msb, K,) inf. n. تَبْيِينٌ (T, S) and ↓ تِبْيَانٌ (T, S, * K *) and تَبْيَانٌ; (K;) the second of which three is an anomalous inf. n., (T, S, K,) for by rule it should be of the measure تَفْعَالٌ; (T, S;) but تَبْيَانٌ is not known except accord. to the opinion of those who allow the authority of analogy, which opinion is outweighed by the contrary; (TA;) and تِبْيَانٌ is the only inf. n. of its measure except تِلْقَآءٌ, (T, S,) accord. to the generality of the leading authorities; but some add تِمْثَالٌ, as inf. n. of مَثَّلَ; and El-Hareeree adds to these two, in the Durrah, تِنْضَالٌ, as inf. n. of نَاضَلَهُ; and Esh-Shiháb adds, in the Expos. of the Durrah, تِشْرَابٌ, as inf. n. of شَرِبَ الخَمْرَ; asserting تَشْرَابٌ also to have been heard, agreeably with analogy; [and to these may be added تَبْكَآءٌ and تِمْشَآءٌ, and perhaps some other instances of the same kind;] but some disallow تِفْعَالٌ altogether as the measure of an inf. n., saying that the words transmitted as instances thereof are simple substs. used as inf. ns., like طَعَامٌ in the place of إِطْعَامٌ; (MF, TA;) and Sb says that تِبْيَانٌ is not an inf. n.; for, where it so, it would be تَبْيَانٌ; but it is, from بَيَّنْتُ, like غَارَةٌ from أَغَرْتُ; (M, TA;) [He made it distinct, as though separate from others; and thus,] he made it (namely, a thing, T, S, Mgh, or an affair, or a case, Msb) apparent, manifest, evident, clear, plain, or perspicuous; (S, Msb, K;) as also ↓ ابانهُ, (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) inf. n. إِبَانَةٌ; (Msb;) and ↓ تبيّنهُ; (S, * Msb, K;) and ↓ استبانهُ: (Mgh, Msb, K:) [بيّنهُ is the most common in this sense: and often signifies he explained it: and he proved it:] and ↓ all these verbs signify also he made it known; he notified it: (K:) or ↓ اِسْتَبَنْتُهُ signifies, (S,) or signifies also, (Mgh,) I knew it, or became acquainted with it, [or distinguished it,] (S, Mgh,) clearly, or plainly; (Mgh;) and so ↓ تَبَيَّنْتُهُ; (S, * Mgh;) [and بَيَّنْتُهُ, as appears from an ex. in what follows, from a verse of En-Nábighah:] ↓ بِنْتُهُ and ↓ أَبَنْتُهُ and ↓ اِسْتَبَنْتُهُ and بَيَّنْتُهُ all signify the same as ↓ تَبَيَّنْتُهُ [app. in all the senses of this verb]: (M:) or, of all these verbs, ↓ بَانَ is only intrans.: (Msb:) and ↓ اِسْتَبَنْتُهُ signifies I looked at it, or into it, (namely, a thing,) considered it, examined it, or studied it, repeatedly, in order that it might become apparent, manifest, evident, clear, or plain, to me: (T, TA:) and ↓ تبيّنهُ he looked at it, or into it, (namely, an affair, or a case,) considered it, examined it, or studied it, repeatedly, or deliberately, in order to know its real state by the external signs thereof. (T.) A poet says, وَمَا خِفْتُ حَتَّى بَيَّنَ الشِّرْبُ وَالأَذَى

↓ بقَانِئَةٍ أَنِّى مِنَ الحَىِّ أَبْيَنُ [And I feared not until the drinking, or the time of drinking, and molestation, made manifest, or plainly showed, by a deep-red (sun), that I was separated from the tribe: see قَانِئٌ]. (M.) and it is said in the Kur [xvi. 91], وَأَنْزَلْنَا عَلَيْكَ الكِتَابَ تِبْيَانًا لِكُلِّ شَىْءٍ [And we have sent down to thee the Scripture to make manifest everything]; meaning, we make manifest to thee in the Scripture everything that thou and thy people require [to know] respecting matters of religion. (T.) See also بَيَانٌ, in the latter half of the paragraph. En-Nábighah says, إِلَّا الأَوَارِىَّ مَّا أُبَيِّنُهَا [Except the places of the confinement of the beasts: with difficulty did I distinguish them]; meaning ↓ أَتَبَيَّنُهَا. (S.) You say also, مَا ↓ تَبَيَّنَ يَأْتِيهِ, meaning He sought, or endeavoured, to see, or discover, what would happen to him, of good and evil. (M in art. بصر.) [See also 5, below.]

سَبِيلَ المُجْرِمِينَ ↓ وَلِتَسْتَبِينَ, in the Kur [vi. 55], means And that thou mayest the more consider, or examine, repeatedly, in order that it may become manifest to thee, the way of the sinners, O Mohammad: (T:) or that thou mayest seek, or endeavour, to see plainly, or clearly, &c.; syn. وَلِتَسْتَوْضِحَ سَبِيلَهُمْ: (Bd:) but most read, وَلِيَسْتَبِينَ سيبلُ المجرمين; the verb in this case being intrans. (T.) 3 باينهُ, (K,) inf. n. مُبَايَنَةٌ, (S,) He separated himself from him; or left, forsook, or abandoned, him: (S, TA:) or he forsook, or abandoned, him, being forsaken, or abandoned, by him; or cut him off from friendly or loving communion or intercourse, being so cut off by him; or cut him, or ceased to speak to him, being in like manner cut by him. (K.) [And It became separated from it.]4 ابان, intrans., inf. n. إِبَانَةٌ: see 1, in two places.

A2: ابانهُ, (inf. n. as above, TA,) He separated it, severed it, disunited it, or cut it off. (M, Msb, K, TA.) You say, ضَرَبَهُ فَأَبَانَ رَأْسَهُ (S, K) He smote him and severed his head, مِنْ جَسَدِهِ from his body. (S, TA.) And ابان المَرْأَةَ He (the husband) separated the woman, or wife, by divorce. (Msb.) And ابان بِنْتَهُ, and ↓ بيّنها, (T, K,) inf. n. of the former as above, and of the latter تَبْيِينٌ, (TA,) He married, or gave in marriage, his daughter, (T, K,) and she went to her husband: (T:) from بَيْنٌ signifying "distance:" as though he removed her to a distance from the house, or tent, of her mother. (TA.) And ابان ابْنَهُ بِمَالٍ, (M,) or ابانهُ أَبَوَاهُ, (T,) He separated from himself his son, (M,) or his two parents separated him from themselves, (T,) by [giving him] property, (T, M,) to be his alone: (T:) mentioned on the authority of Az. (T, M.) And ابان الدَّلْوَ عَنْ طِىِّ البِئْرِ He drew away the bucket from the casing of the well, lest the latter should lacerate the former. (M.) b2: See also 2, in three places. b3: [Hence, ابان signifies also He spoke, or wrote, perspicuously, clearly, plainly, or distinctly, as to meaning; or, with eloquence: from بَيَانٌ, q. v.] And ابان عَلَيْهِ He spoke perspicuously, clearly, plainly, or distinctly, and gave his testimony, or evidence, or gave decisive information, against him, or respecting it. (TA.) [The verb thus used is for ابان كَلَامَهُ, and شَهَادَتَهُ.] One says of a drunken man, مَا يُبِينُ كَلَامًا He does not speak plainly, or distinctly; lit., does not make speech plain, or distinct. (Ks, T in art. بت.) b4: [مَا أَبْيَنَهُ How distinct, apparent, manifest, evident, clear, or plain, is it! See an ex. voce بَسُلَ. b5: And How perspicuous, or chaste, or eloquent, is he in speech, or writing! how good is his بَيَان!]5 تبيّن, intrans.: see 1, in two places.

A2: As a trans. verb: see 2, in seven places. b2: [Hence, الأَمْرَ being understood,] He sought, or sought leisurely or repeatedly, to obtain knowledge [of the thing], until he knew [it]; he examined, scrutinized, or investigated: (Bd in xlix. 6:) he sought, or endeavoured, to make the affair, or case, manifest, and to settle it, or establish it, and was not hasty therein: (Idem in iv. 96:) or he acted, or proceeded, deliberately, or leisurely, in the affair, or case; not hastily: (Ks, TA:) or it has a signification like this: in the Kur ch. iv. v. 96 and ch. xlix. v. 6, some read فَتَبَيَّنُوا, and others فَتَثَبَّتُوا; and the meanings are nearly the same: التَّبَيُّنُ was said by Mohammad to be from God, and العَجَلَةٌ [i. e. "haste"] from the devil. (T.) 6 تباينا They two (namely, two men, and two copartners,) became separated, each from the other: (M, TA:) or they forsook, or abandoned, each other; or cut each other off from friendly or loving communion or intercourse; or cut, or ceased to speak to, each other. (K.) And تباينوا They, having been together, became separated: (Msb:) or they forsook, or abandoned, one another; or cut one another off from friendly or loving communion or intercourse; or cut, or ceased to speak to, one another. (S.) b2: [Hence, They two were dissimilar: and they two (namely, words,) were disparate; whether contraries or not: and they two (namely, numbers,) were incommensurable.]10 استبان, intrans.: see 1.

A2: As a trans. verb: see 2, in six places.

بَانٌ a coll. gen. n.: n. un. with ة: see art. بون.

بَيْنٌ has two contr. significations; (T, S, Msb;) one of which is Separation, or disunion [of companions or friends or lovers]. (T, S, M, Msb, K.) Hence, ذَاتُ البَيْنِ as meaning Enmity, and vehement hatred: and the saying لِإِصْلَاحِ ذَاتِ البَيْنِ, i. e. For the reforming, or amending, of the bad, or corrupt, state subsisting between the people, or company of men; meaning for the allaying of the discord, enmity, rancour, or vehement hatred: (Msb:) [but this has also the contr. meaning, as will be seen below: and it is explained as having a vague import; for it is said that] فِى إِصْلَاحِ ذَاتِ البَيْنِ means In the reforming, or amending, of the circumstances subsisting between the persons to whom it relates, by frequent attention thereto. (Mgh.) [Hence also,] غُرَابُ البَيْنِ [The raven of separation or disunion; i. e., whose appearance, or croak, is ominous of separation: said by some to be] the غراب termed أَبْقَعُ [i. e. in which is blackness and whiteness; or having whiteness in the breast]; (S, K;) so described by the poet 'Antarah: (S:) or that which is red in the beak and legs; but the black is called الحَاتِمُ, because it makes [or shows] separation to be absolutely unavoidable, (Abu-1-Ghowth, S, K,) according to the assertion of the Arabs, i. e., by its croak: (Msb in art. حتم:) [or it is any species of the corvus:] Hamzeh says, in his Proverbs, that this name attaches to the غراب because, when the people of an abode go away to seek after herbage, it alights in the place of their tents, searching the sweepings: (Har p. 308:) but accord. to the Kádee of Granada, Aboo-'Abd-Allah Esh-Shereef, this appellation, so often occurring in poetry, properly signifies camels that transport people from one district, or country, to another; and he cites the following verses: غَلِطَ الَّذِينَ رَأَيْتُهُمْ بِجَهَالَةٍ

يَلْحَوْنَ كُلُّهُمُ غُرَابًا يَنْعَقُ مَا الذَّنْبُ إِلَّا لِلْأَبَاعِرِ إِنَّهَا مِمَّا يُشَتِّتُ جَمْعَهُمْ وَيُقَرِّقُ

إِنَّ الغُرَابَ بِيُمْنِهِ تُدْنُو النَّوَى

وَتُشَتِّتُ الشَّمْلَ الجَمِيعَ الأَيْنُقُ [Those have erred whom I have seen, with ignorance, all of them blaming a raven croaking: the fault is not imputable save to the camels; for they are of the things that scatter and disperse their congregation: verily the place that is the object of a journey is brought near by the raven's lucky omen; but the she-camels discompose the united state]: and Ibn-'Abd-Rabbih says, زَعَقَ الغُرَابُ فَقُلْتُ أَكْذَبُ طَائِرٍ

إِن لَّمْ يُصَدِّقْهُ رُغَآءُ بَعِيرِ [The raven cried; and I said, A most lying bird, if the grumbling cry of a camel on the occasion of his being laden do not verify it]. (TA in art. غرب.) b2: Also Distance, (S, M, Msb, K,) by the space, or interval, between two things. (Msb.) You say, بَيْنَ البَلَدَيْنِ بَيْنٌ Between the two countries, or towns, &c., is a distance, of space, or interval: (Msb:) and بَيْنَهُمَا بَيْنٌ Between them two is a distance, with ى when corporeal distance is meant: (Idem in art. بون:) or إِنَّ بَيْنَهُمَا لَبَيْنٌ [Verily between them two is a distance], not otherwise, in the case of [literal] distance. (S.) And you say also, بَيْنَهُمَا بَيْنٌ بَعِيدٌ (T in art. بون, S, M *) and بَوْنٌ بَعِيدٌ (T in art. بون, S, M, * Msb * in art. بون) Between them two [meaning two men] is a [wide] distance; (M;) i. e. between their two degrees of rank or dignity, or between the estimations in which they are commonly held: (Msb in art. بون:) in this case, the latter is the more chaste. (S.) You also say, [using بين to denote An interval of time,] لَقِيتُهُ بُعَيْدَاتِ بَيْنٍ

[I met him after, or a little after, an interval, or intervals,] when you have met him after a while, and then withheld yourself from him, and then come to him. (S, M, K. See also بَعْدُ.]) A2: Also Union [of companions or friends or lovers]; (T, S, M, Msb, K;) the contr. of the first of the significations mentioned above in this paragraph. (T, S, Msb.) [Hence ذَاتُ البَيْنِ as meaning The state of union or concord or friendship or love subsisting between a people or between two parties; this being likewise the contr. of a signification assigned to the same expression above: whence the phrase, إِفْسَادُ ذَاتِ البَيْنِ (occurring in the S and K in art. ابر, and often elsewhere,) The marring, or disturbance, of the state of union or concord &c.: and] hence the saying, سَعَى فُلَانٌ لِإِصْلَاحِ ذَاتِ البَيْنِ مِنْ عَشِيرَتِهِ [Such a one laboured for the improving of the state of union or concord &c. of his kinsfolk; but in this instance, the meaning given in the second sentence of this paragraph seems to be more appropriate]. (Ham p. 569.) b2: ذَاتُ بَيْنِهِمْ may also be used as meaning The vacant space (سَاحَة) that is between their houses, or tents. (Ham p. 195.) A3: بَيْن is also an adverbial noun, [as such written بَيْنَ,] (S, M, Mgh, Msb, K,) capable of being used as a noun absolutely: (M, K:) it relates only to that which has space, as a country; or to that which has some number, either two or more, as two men, and a company of men; and denotes [intervention in] the interval between two things, or the middle, or midst, of two things, (Er-Rághib, TA,) or the middle of a collective number: (S:) [thus it signifies Between, and amidst, and among:] its meaning is [therefore] vague, not apparent unless it is prefixed to two or more [words, or to a word signifying two or more], or to what supplies the place of such a complement: (Msb:) it must necessarily be prefixed, and may not be otherwise than in the manners just explained: (Mgh:) [i. e.] it may not be prefixed to any noun but such as denotes more than one, or to a noun that has another conjoined to it by و, (M,) not by any other conjunction, (M, Msb,) acc0ord. to the usage commonly obtaining. (Msb.) You say بَيْنَ الرَّجُلَيْنِ [Between the two men]: (Er-Rághib, TA:) and المَالُ بَيْنَ القَوْمِ [The property is between the company of men]: (M, Msb, Er-Rághib: *) and المَالُ بَيْنَ زَيْدٍ وَعَمْرٍو [The property is between Zeyd and 'Amr]: and هُوَ بَيْنِى وَبَيْنَهُ [He, or it, is between me and him]: (M:) and جَلَسْتُ بَيْنَ القَوْمِ I sat in the middle of [or amidst or among] the company of men: (S, K:) and بَيْنَكُمَا البَعِيرَ فَخُذَاهُ, with البعير in the accus. case, [See between you two the camel, therefore take him], a saying heard by Ks: (Lin art. عند:) and فَسَدَ مَا بَيْنَهُمْ [The state subsisting among them became bad, or marred, or disturbed]: (S and K in art. ميط:) and بَيْنَ الأَيَّامِ (M and K in art. ندر) and فِيمَا بَيْنَ الأَيَّامِ (S and Msb in that art.) [In, or during, the space of (several) days]: and عَوَانٌ بَيْنَ ذٰلِكَ, in the Kur [ii. 63], is an ex. of its being prefixed to a single word supplying the place of more than one; (Mgh, Msb;) the meaning being, Of middle age, between that which has been mentioned; namely, the فَارِض and the بِكْر. (Bd.) Some allow that two words to the former of which بَيْنَ is prefixed may be connected by فَ, citing as an evidence the phrase used by Imra-el-Keys, بَيْنَ الدَّخُولِ فَحَوْمَلِ [as though meaning Between Ed-Dakhool and Howmal]: but to this it has been replied that الدخول is a name applying to several places; so that the phrase [means amidst Ed-Dakhool &c., and] is similar to the saying, المَالُ بَيْنَ القَوْمِ [mentioned above, or جَلَسْتُ بَيْنَ القَوْمِ, also mentioned above]. (Msb.) [You say also, بَيْنَ أَظْهُرِهِمْ, and بَيْنَ ظَهْرَيْهِمْ

&c., meaning In the midst of them. (See art. ظهر.) And بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ, and بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِمْ, meaning Before him, and before them. بَيْن is also often used absolutely as a noun: thus it is in the Kur lxxxvi. 7, يَخْرُجُ مِنْ بَيْنِ الصُّلْبِ وَالتَّرَائِبِ Coming forth from between, or amidst, the spine and the breast-bones: and in xxxvi. 8 of the same, وَجَعَلْنَا مِنْ بَيْنِ أَيْديهِمْ سَدًّا And we have placed before them (lit. between their hands) a barrier.] It is said in the Kur [vi. 94], لَقَدْ تَقَطَّعَ بَيْنُكُمْ, as some read; or بَيْنَكُمْ, as others: (T, S, M:) the former means Verily your union hath become dissevered: (AA, T, S, M:) the latter, that which was between you; (مَا بَيْنَكُمْ, Ibn-Mes'ood, T, S, or الَّذِى كَانَ بَيْنَكُمْ, IAar, T;) or the state wherein ye were, in respect of partnership among you: (Zj, T:) or the state of circumstances, or the bond, or the love, or affection, [formerly subsisting] among you, or between you; or, accord. to Akh, بَيْنَكُمْ, though in the accus. case as to the letter, is in the nom. case as to the place, by reason of the verb, and the adverbial termination is retained only because the word is commonly used as an adv. n.: (M:) AHát disapproved of the latter reading; but wrongly, because what is suppressed accord. to this reading is implied by what precedes in the same verse. (T.) b2: [It is often used as a partitive, or distributive; as also مَا بَيْنَ: for ex.,] you say, هُمْ بَيْنَ حَاذِفٍ وَقَاذِفٍ, (S and TA in art. قذف,) or هُمْ مَا بَيْنَ حَاذفٍ وقاذفٍ, (TA in art. حذف,) i. e. [They are partly, or in part,] beating with the staff, or stick, and [partly, or in part,] pelting with stones; [or some beating &c., and the others pelting &c.] (S and TA, both in art. قذف, and the latter in art. حذف.) [See also an ex. in a verse cited voce خَيْطَةٌ.] b3: هٰذَا بَيْنَ بَيْنَ means This (namely, a thing, S, or a commodity, Msb) is between good and bad: (S, Msb, K:) or of a middling, or middle, sort: (M:) these two words being two nouns made one, and indecl., with fet-h for their terminations, (S, Msb, K,) like خَمْسَةَ عَشَرَ. (Msb.) الهَمْزَةُ المُخَفَّفَةُ [i. e. the hemzeh uttered lightly] is called هَمْزَةٌ بَيْنَ بَيْنَ, (S, M, K, *) i. e. A hemzeh that is between the hemzeh and the soft letter whence is its vowel; (S, M;) or هَمْزَةُ بَيْنِ بَيْنٍ, the first بين with kesreh but without tenween, and the second with tenween, (Sharh Shudhoor edh-Dhahab,) [i. e. the hemzeh &c.:] if it is with fet-h, it is between the hemzeh and the alif, as in سَاَلَ, (S, M,) for سَأَلَ; (M;) if with kesr, it is between the hemzeh and the yé, as in سَيِمَ, (S, M,) for سَئِمَ; (M;) and if with damm, it is between the hemzeh and the wáw, as in لَوُمَ, (S, M,) for لَؤُمَ: (M:) it is never at the beginning of a word, because of its nearness, by reason of feebleness, to the letter that is quiescent, (S, M,) though, notwithstanding this, it is really movent: (S:) it is thus called because it is weak, (Sb, S, M,) not having the power of the hemzeh uttered with its proper sound, nor the clearness of the letter whence is its vowel. (M.) 'Obeyd Ibn-El-Abras says, تَحْمِى حَقِيقَتَنَا وَبَعْ ضُ القَوْمِ يَسْقُطُ بَيْنَ بَيْنَا i. e. [Thou defendest what we ought to defend, or our banner, or standard, while some of the people, or company of men,] fall, one after another, in a state of weakness, not regarded as of any account: (S:) or it is as though he said, between these and these; like a man who enters between two parties in some affair, and falls, or slips, or commits a mistake, and is not honourably mentioned in relation to it: so says Seer: (IB, TA:) or between entering into fight and holding back from it; as when one says, Such a one puts forward a foot, and puts back another. (TA.) b4: ↓ بَيْنَا and ↓ بَيْنَمَا are of the number of inceptive حُرُوف: (M, K:) this is clear if by حروف is meant "words:" that they have become particles, no one says: they are still adv. ns.: (MF, TA:) the former is بَيْنَ with its [final] fet-hah rendered full in sound; and hence the ا; (Mughnee in the section next after that of وا, and K;) [i. e.,] it is of the measure فَعْلَى [or فَعْلَا] from البَيْن, the [final] fet-hah being rendered full in sound, and so becoming ا; and the latter is بَيْنَ with مَا [restrictive of its government] added to it; and both have the same meaning [of While, or whilst]: (S:) or the ا in the former is the restrictive ا; or, as some say, it is a portion of the restrictive ما [in the latter]: (Mughnee ubi suprà:) and these do not exclude بَيْنَ from the category of nouns, but only cut it off from being prefixed to another noun: (MF, TA:) they are substitutes for that to which بَيْنَ would otherwise be prefixed: (Mgh:) some say that these two words are adv. ns. of time, denoting a thing's happening suddenly, or unexpectedly; and they are prefixed to a proposition consisting of a verb and an agent, or an inchoative and enunciative; so that they require a complement to complete the meaning. (TA.) One says, بَيْنَا نَحْنُ كَذٰلِكَ إِذْ حَدَثَ كَذَا [While we were in such a state as that, lo, or there, or then, such a thing happened, or came to pass]: (M, Mgh, * K: *) and بَيْنَمَا نَحْنُ كَذَا [While we were thus]: (Mgh:) and بَيْنَا نَحْنُ نَرْقُبُهُ أَتَانَا [While we were looking, or waiting, for him, he came to us]; (S, M;) a saying of a poet, cited by Sb; (M;) the phrase being elliptical; (S, M;) meaning بَيْنَ أَوْقَاتِ نَحْنُ نَرْقُبُهُ, (M,) i. e., بَيْنَ

أَوْقَاتِ رِقْبَتِنَا إِيَّاهُ [between the times of our looking, or waiting, for him]. (S, M.) As used to put nouns following بَيْنَا in the gen. case when بَيْنَ might properly supply its place; as in the saying (of Aboo-Dhu-eyb, which he thus recited, with kesr, S), بَيْنَا تَعَنُّقِهِ الكُمَاةَ وَرَوْغِهِ يَوْمًا أُتِيحَ لَهُ جَرِىْءٌ سَلْفَعُ [Amid his embracing the courageous armed men, and his guileful eluding, one day a bold, daring man was appointed for him, to slay him]: (S, K:) in [some copies of] the K, تَعَنُّفِهِ; but in the Deewán [of the Hudhalees], تعنّقه: [in the Mughnee, ubi suprà, تَعَانُقِهِ:] the meaning is بَيْنَ تَعَانُقِهِ; the ا being added to give fulness to the sound of the [final] vowel: (TA:) As used to say that the ا is here redundant: (Skr, TA:) others put the nouns following both بَيْنَا and بَيْنَمَا in the nom. case, as the inchoative and enunciative. (Skr, S, K.) Mbr says that when the noun following بينا is a real subst., it is put in the nom. case as an inchoative; but when it is an inf. n., or a noun of the inf. kind, it is put in the gen., and بينا in this instance has the meaning of بَيْنَ: and Ahmad Ibn-Yahyà says the like, but some persons of chaste speech treat the latter kind of noun like the former: after بينما, however, each kind of noun must be in the nom. case. (AA, T.) [See an ex. in a verse cited towards the end of art. اذ.]

بَيْنَا see بَيْنٌ بَيْنَمَا see بَيْنٌ بِينٌ A separation, or division, (T, M, K,) between two things, (T,) or between two lands; (M, K;) as when there is a rugged place, with sands near it, and between the two is a tract neither rugged nor plain: (T:) an elevation in rugged ground: (M, K:) the extent to which the eye reaches, (T, M, K,) of a road, (T,) or of land: (M:) a piece of land extending as far as the eye reaches: (T, S:) and a region, tract, or quarter: (AA, T, M, K:) pl. بُيُونٌ. (S, TA.) بَيَانٌ is originally the inf. n. of بَانَ as syn. with تَبَيَّنَ, and so signifies The being [distinct or] apparent &c.; (Kull;) or it is a subst. in this sense: (Msb:) or a subst. from بَيَّنَ, [and so signifies the making distinct or apparent &c.,] being like سَلَامٌ and كَلَامٌ from سَلَّمَ and كَلَّمَ. (Kull.) b2: Hence, conventionally, (Kull,) The means by which one makes a thing [distinct,] apparent, manifest, evident, clear, plain, or perspicuous: (S, Er-Rághib, TA, Kull:) this is of two kinds: one is [a circumstantial indication or evidence; or] a thing indicating, or giving evidence of, a circumstance, or state, that is a result, or an effect, of a quality or an attribute: the other is a verbal indication or evidence, either spoken or written: [see also بَيِّنَةٌ:] it is also applied to language that discovers and shows the meaning that is intended: and an explanation of confused and vague language: (Er-Rághib, TA:) or the eduction of a thing from a state of dubiousness to a state of clearness: or making the meaning apparent to the mind so that it becomes distinct from other meanings and from what might be confounded with it. (TA.) b3: Also Perspicuity, clearness, distinctness, chasteness, or eloquence, of speech or language: (T, S:) or simply perspicuity thereof: (Har p. 2:) or perspicuity of speech with quickness, or sharpness, of intellect: (M, K:) or perspicuous, or chaste, or eloquent, speech, declaring, or telling plainly, what is in the mind: (Ksh, TA:) or the showing of the intent, or meaning, with the most eloquent expression: it is an effect of understanding, and of sharpness, or quickness, of mind, with perspicuity, or chasteness, or eloquence, of speech: (Nh, TA:) or a faculty, or principles, [or a science,] whereby one knows how to express [with perspicuity of diction] one meaning in various forms: (Kull:) [some of the Arabs restrict the science of البيان to what concerns comparisons and tropes and metonymies; which last the Arabian rhetoricians distinguish from tropes: and some make it to include rhetoric altogether:] Esh-Shereeshee says, in his Expos. of the Maká-mát [of El-Hareeree] that the difference between بَيَانٌ and ↓ تِبْيَانٌ is this: that the former denotes perspicuity of meaning; and the latter, the making the meaning to be understood; and the former is to another person, and the latter to oneself; but sometimes the latter is used in the sense of the former: (TA:) or the former is the act of the tongue, and the latter is the act of the mind: (Har p. 2:) or the former concerns the verbal expression, and the latter concerns the meaning. (Kull.) It is said in a trad., إِنَّ مِنَ البَيَانِ سِحْرًا (S) or لَسِحْرًا (TA) [Verily there is a kind of eloquence that is enchantment: see this explained in art. سحر]. The saying in the Kur [lv. 2 and 3], خَلَقَ الْإِنْسَانَ عَلَّمَهُ الْبَيَانَ means He hath created the Prophet: He hath taught him the Kur-án wherein is the manifestation of everything [needful to be known]: or He hath created Adam, or man as meaning all mankind: He hath [taught him speech, and so] made him to discriminate, and thus to be distinguished from all [other] animals:(Zj, T:) or He hath taught him that whereby he is distinguished from other animals, namely, the declaration of what is in the mind, and the making others to understand what he has perceived, for the reception of inspiration, and the becoming acquainted with the truth, and the learning of the law. (Bd.) b4: It is also applied to Verbosity, and the going deep, or being extravagant, in speech, and affecting to be perspicuous, or chaste, therein, or eloquent, and pretending to excel others therein; or some بيان is thus termed; and is blamed in a trad., as a kind of hypocrisy; as though it were a sort of self-conceit and pride. (TA.) بِئْرٌ بَيُونٌ A well of which the rope does not strike against the sides, because its interior is straight: or that is wide in the upper part, and narrow in the lower: or in which the drawer of water makes the rope to be aloof from its sides, because of its crookedness: (T:) or deep and wide; (S, K;) because the ropes are wide apart from its sides; (S;) as also ↓ بَائِنَةٌ: (S, TA:) or that is wide between the two [opposite] sides: (M:) pl. [regularly of the latter epithet] بَوَائِنُ. (T, S.) بَيِّنٌ [Distinct, as though separate from others; and thus,] apparent, manifest, evident, clear, plain, or perspicuous; (T, S, Msb, K;) as also ↓ بَائِنٌ (T) and ↓ مُبِينٌ: (T, S:) pl. [of mult.] أَبْيِنَآءُ (S, K) and [of pauc.] بَيِنَةٌ. (K.) Hence, الكِتَابُ

↓ المُبِينٌ [as applied to the Kur, q. v. in xii. 1, &c.,] The clear, plain, or perspicuous, book or writing or scripture: or, as some say, this means the book &c. that makes manifest all that is required [to be known]: (T:) or, of which the goodness and the blessing are made manifest: or, that makes manifest the truth as distinguished from falsity, and what is lawful as distinguished from what is unlawful, and that the prophetic office of Mohammad is true, and so are the narratives relating to the prophets: (Zj, T:) or, that makes manifest the right paths as distinguished from the wrong. (M, TA.) And كَلَامٌ بَيِّنٌ Perspicuous, clear, distinct, chaste, or eloquent, language. (T.) b2: A man, or thing, bearing evidence of a quality &c. that he, or it, possesses. (S and K and other Lexicons passim.) b3: A man (M) perspicuous, or clear, or distinct, in speech or language; or chaste therein; or eloquent; (ISh, T, M, K;) fluent, elegant, and elevated, in speech, and having little hesitation therein: (ISh, T:) pl. أَبْيِنَآءُ (T, M, K) and بُيَنَآءُ and [of pauc.]

أَبْيَانٌ: (Lh, M, K:) the second of these pls. is anomalous: the last is formed by likening فَعِيلٌ to فَاعِلٌ: [for بَيِّنٌ is a contraction of بَيِينٌ:] but the pl. most agreeable with analogy is بَيِّنُونَ: so says Sb. (M.) بَيِّنَةٌ An evidence, an indication, a demonstration, a proof, a voucher, or an argument, (Mgh, TA,) such as is manifest, or. clear, whether intellectual or perceived by sense; (TA;) [originally بَيِينَةٌ,] of the measure فَعِيلَةٌ, from بَيْنُونَةٌ, [see 1, first sentence,] and بَيَانٌ [q. v.]: (Mgh:) and the testimony of a witness: pl. بَيِّنَاتٌ. (TA.) بَائِنٌ In a state of separation or disunion; or separated, severed, disunited, or cut off; (M, * Msb;) as also ↓ أَبْيَنُ, occurring in a verse cited above, voce بَيِّنَ. [Hence,] اِمْرَأَةٌ بَائِنٌ A woman separated from her husband by divorce; (M, Msb, K;) as also ↓ مُبَانَةٌ: the former without ة: (Msb:) like طَالِقٌ and حَائِضٌ: you say [to a wife] أَنْتِ بَائِنٌ [Thou art separated from me by divorce.] (Mgh.) b2: طَلَاقٌ بَائِنٌ is a tropical phrase; and so is طَلْقَةٌ بَائِنَةٌ; (Mgh;) [signifying the same as] تَطْلِيقَةٌ بَائِنَةٌ (S, M, Msb, K) (tropical:) A divorce that is [as it were] cut off; i. q. ↓ مُبَانَةٌ [in the second and third of these phrases, and ↓ مُبَانٌ in the first]: (ISk, Msb:) بائنة being here used in the sense of a pass. part. n.: (S, Sgh, Msb:) or it [is a possessive epithet, and thus] means having separation: this kind of divorce is one in the case of which the man cannot take back the woman unless by a new contract; (TA;) nor without her consent. (MF in art. بت.) b3: قَوْسٌ بَائِنَةٌ, (S, M, K,) and بَائِنٌ, (M, K,) A bow that is widely separate from its string: (S, M, K:) contr. of بَانِيَةٌ; (S, M;) this signifying one that is so near to its string as almost to stick to it: (S:) each of these denotes what is a fault. (S, M.) b4: بِئْرٌ بَائِنَةٌ: see بَيُونٌ. b5: نَخْلَةٌ بَائِنَةٌ A palm-tree of which the racemes have come forth from the spathes, and of which the fruit-stalks have grown long. (AHn, M.) b6: البَائِنُ also signifies He who comes to the milch beast [meaning the she-camel, when she is to be milked,] from her left side; (S, K;) and المُعَلِّى, he who comes to her from her right side: (S:) or the former, he who stands on the right of the she-camel when she is milked, and holds the milking-vessel, and raises it to the milker, who stands on her left, and is called المُسْتَعْلِى: (T:) two persons are engaged in milking the she-camel; one of them holds the milking-vessel on the right side, and the other milks on the left side; and the milker is called المُسْتَعْلِى and المُعَلِّى; and the holder, البائن: (M:) pl. بُيَّنٌ. (T.) It is said in a prov., اِسْتُ البَائِنِ أَعْرَفُ, or, as some say, أَعْلَمُ; meaning (assumed tropical:) He who has superintended an affair, and exercised himself diligently in the management thereof, is better acquainted with it than he who has not done this. (T. [See Freytag's Arab. Prov. i. 606.]) b7: طَوِيلٌ بَائِنٌ Excessively tall, far above the stature of tall men. (TA.) A2: See also بَيِّنٌ.

طَلَبَ إِلَى أَبَوَيْهِ البَائِنَةَ He asked, or begged, of his two parents, the separation of himself from them, by [their giving him] property, (Az, T, M,) to be his alone. (T.) أَبْيَنُ: see بَائِنٌ.

A2: فُلَانٌ أَبْيَنُ مِنْ فُلَانٍ Such a one is more perspicuous, clear, distinct, chaste, or eloquent, in speech or language, than such a one. (S, TA.) تِبْيَانٌ an anomalous inf. n. (T, S, K) of 2, q. v.: (T:) or a subst. used as an inf. n.; (MF, TA;) i. e., a subst. from 2. (Sb, M, TA.) See بَيَانٌ.

مُبَانٌ; and its fem., with ة: see بَائِنٌ, in three places.

مُبِينٌ Separating, severing, disuniting, or cutting off; (S, K;) as also مُبْيِنٌ, like مُحْسِنٌ: (K:) but [the right reading in the K may be وَمُبِينٌ كَمُحْسِنٍ, meaning "and مُبِينٌ is like مُحْسِنٌ:" if not,] مُبْيِنٌ is a mistake. (TA.) A2: See also بَيِّنٌ, in two places.

مَبَايِنُ الحَقِّ [in which the former word is app. pl. of مُبِينَةٌ] signifies The things that make the truth to be apparent, manifest, evident, clear, or plain; or the means of making it so; syn. مَوَاضِحُهُ. (TA.)

ضرب

1 ضَرَبَهُ, aor. ـِ (S, O, K, &c.,) inf. n. ضَرْبٌ, (S, O, &c.,) [He beat, struck, smote, or hit, him, or it;] and ↓ ضرّبهُ [signifies the same in an intensive sense, i. e. he beat, &c., him, or it, much, or violently; or in a frequentative sense, i. e. several, or many, times: or rather ضرّب is used in relation to several, or many, objects, as will be shown in what follows]: (K:) accord. to Er-Rághib, الضَّرْبُ signifies the making a thing to fall upon another thing; and, as some say, the making it to fall with violence, or vehemence. (TA.) You say, ضَرَبَهُ بِهِ [He struck him, or it, with it], i. e. with a sword, (A, Mgh, Msb), &c. (A, Msb.) And تَضْرِبُ فِى حَدِيدٍ بَارِدٍ [Thou beatest upon cold iron]: a prov. [expl. in art. حد]. (Har p. 633.) And ضَرَبْتُ زَيْدًا سَوْطًا, meaning بِسَوْطٍ [i. e. I struck Zeyd with a whip], or ضَرْبَةَ سَوْطٍ [a stroke of a whip]: (M in art. سوط, q. v.:) and ضَرَبَهُ مِائَةَ سَوْطٍ [He struck him a hundred strokes of the whip]. (S and K in art. سحل, &c.) And ضَرَبْتُ عُنُقَهُ [I smote his neck, meaning I beheaded him]; and الأَعْنَاقَ ↓ ضَرَّبْتُ [I smote the necks, meaning I struck off the heads]; the teshdeed denoting muchness [of the action] or multiplicity [of the objects]: Az says that, when the object is one, the Arabs use only the former verb, without teshdeed; but when there is a plurality of objects, either of the verbs; (Msb;) [so that] one says, ضَرَبُوا أَعْنَاقَهُمْ [They smote their necks, or beheaded them], and أَمَرَ الرِّقَابِ ↓ بِتَضْرِيبِ [He gave the order to smite the necks, or to strike off the heads]: (A:) فَضَرْبَ الرِّقَابِ in the Kur xlvii. 4 is originally فَاضْرِبُوا الرِّقَابَ ضَرْبًا [meaning Then do ye smite the necks, i. e. strike off the heads]; (Bd;) the inf. n. being here put for its verb. (Jel.) [Respecting the phrase هُوَ الْيَضْرِبُكَ, see 1 in art. جدع.] b2: [Hence a variety of meanings and phrases here following.]

b3: ضَرَبَ كَلْبَهُ عَلَى الصَّيْدِ (assumed tropical:) [He beat, or disciplined, or trained, his dog for the purpose of the chase]: whence the phrases ضَرَبَ عَلَيْهِ جِرْوَتَهُ and ضَرَبَ جِرْوَةَ نَفْسِهِ and ضَرَبْتُ جِرْوَتِى عَنْهُ [expl. voce جِرْوَةٌ]. (Z, and TA in art. جرو.) b4: لَا تُضْرَبُ

أَكْبَادُ الإِبِلِ إِلَّا ثَلَاثَةِ مَسَاجِدَ (assumed tropical:) Camels shall not be ridden, save to three mosques: [namely, that of Mekkeh, that of El-Medeeneh, and that of El-Aksà at Jerusalem:] a trad. (TA. [See also 4 in art. عمل.]) b5: [ضَرَبَ بِهِ الأَرْضَ, lit. He smote with him, or it, the ground; meaning (assumed tropical:) he cast, threw, or flung, him, or it, upon the ground. And ضَرَبَ بِسَلْحِهِ الأَرْضَ (assumed tropical:) He cast forth his excrement, or ordure, upon the ground.] and [hence] ضَرَبَ الأَرْضَ and الغَائِطَ (tropical:) He voided excrement, or ordure; (A, TA;) and so الخَلَآءَ. (TA.) [ضَرَبَ بِنَفْسِهِ الأَرْضَ see expl. in the latter half of this paragraph.] b6: ضَرَبْتُ القَوْسَ بِالمِضْرَبِ I struck the string of the bow with the wooden implement [or mallet] used in separating cotton. (Msb.) b7: ضَرَبَ العُودَ [He struck the chords of the lute; meaning he played upon the lute; and so ضَرَبَ بِالعُودِ]. (S.) b8: ضَرَبَ الوَتِدَ, aor. and inf. n. as above, He beat [or knocked or struck] the tent-peg, or stake, so that it became firm in the ground. (Lh, TA.) And [hence] ضَرَبَ الخَيْمَةَ (tropical:) He pitched the tent, by knocking in its pegs with a mallet: (Kull p. 231:) or he set up the tent. (Msb.) b9: ضَرَبَ الدِّرْهَمَ, aor. and inf. n. as above, (tropical:) He struck, coined, or minted, the dirhem, or piece of money. (TA.) And ضَرَبَ عَلَى اسمِهِ (assumed tropical:) [He struck, coined, or minted, money in his name]. (ISd, TA in art. جوز.) b10: ضَرَبَ عَلَى

المَكْتُوبِ (tropical:) He sealed, or stamped, the writing. (A, * TA.) [And ضَرَبَ عَلَيْهِ (assumed tropical:) He erased it; namely, anything written.] b11: ضَرَبَ الطِّينَ عَلَى

الجِدَارِ (assumed tropical:) [He stuck, or applied, the mud upon the wall, as a plaster]. (TA.) b12: Hence, accord. to some, the phrase ضُرِبَتْ عَلَيْهِمُ الذِّلَّةُ, in the Kur ii. 58, considered as meaning (assumed tropical:) Vileness was made to cleave to them: or the meaning is, (assumed tropical:) encompassed them, like as the tent encompasses him over whom it is pitched. (Ksh, Bd.) And [in like manner] one says, ضُرِبَتْ عَلَيْهِمُ ضَرِيبَةٌ (tropical:) An impost, of the tax called جِزْيَة, &c., was imposed upon them. (A, * Mgh, Msb. *) And ضَرَبَ عَلَى

العَبْدِ الأِتَاوَةَ (tropical:) He imposed upon the slave the tax according to a fixed time. (TA. [See ضِريبَةٌ.]) And ضُربَ عَلَيْهِمُ البَعْثُ (assumed tropical:) The being sent to the war was appointed them and imposed upon them as an obligation. (Mgh in art. بعث.) b13: ضَرَبَ الشَّبَكَةَ عَلَى الطَّائِرِ (assumed tropical:) He cast the net over the bird: (Mgh:) and ضُرِبَ الفَخُّ عَلَى الطَّائِرِ (tropical:) [The snare was cast over the bird]. (A, TA.) b14: ضَرَبَ اللَّيْلُ بِأَرُوَاقِهِ (assumed tropical:) [The night cast its folds of darkness;] meaning the night came. (TA.) [And (assumed tropical:) The night became dark, or was dark; as appears from the following verse.] Homeyd says, سَرَى مِثْلَ نَبْضِ العِرْقِ وَاللَّيْلُ ضَارِبٌ بِأرْوَاقِهِ وَالصُّبْحُ قَدْ كَادَ يَسْطَعُ (assumed tropical:) [He went on in his night-journey, like the pulsing of the vein, while the night was casting its folds of darkness over the earth, and the dawn had almost risen]. (TA. [See also ضَارِبٌ.]) Yousay also, ضَرَبَ عَلَيْهِ حِجَابًا (assumed tropical:) [He put, or let down, a veil, or curtain, or covering, over him, or it]. (TA.) And ضُرِبَ بَيْنَهُمَا سَدٌّ (assumed tropical:) [A barrier was set between them two]. (A in art. سد.) ضَرَبْنَا عَلَى

آذَانِهِمْ [in the Kur xviii. 10] means (tropical:) We prevented their sleeping; (K, TA;) as though by putting a covering over their ears; a metonymical [and elliptical] mode of saying we made them to sleep by preventing any sound from penetrating into their ears, in consequence of which they would have awoke: (Zj, L, TA:) or ضَرَبَ عَلَى آذَانِهِمْ means (assumed tropical:) he poured upon them sleep so that they slept and did not awake: and one says also, ضَرَبْتُ النَّوْمَ عَلَى أُذُنِهِ [meaning (assumed tropical:) I poured sleep upon him by closing his ear]. (Msb.) b15: ضَرَبَتِ, العَقْرَبُ, (A, K, * TA,) aor. and inf. n. as above, (TA,) (tropical:) The scorpion stung. (A, K, * TA.) b16: [ضَرَبَتْهُ الرِّيحُ (assumed tropical:) The wind beat it, or blew upon it; namely, herbage, and water, &c.] And ضَرَبَهُ البَرْدُ (IKtt, K, TA) (assumed tropical:) The cold smote it so as to injure it; namely, herbage; and in like manner one says of the wind: (IKtt, TA:) and ↓ اضربهُ البَرْدُ (A, TA) (tropical:) The cold smote it by its vehemence, so that it dried up; and in like manner one says of the wind: (TA:) and الضَّرِيبُ الأَرْضَ ↓ اضرب (assumed tropical:) The hoar-frost, or rime, fell upon the land, so that its herbage became nipped, or blasted. (Az, TA. [See also ضَرِبَ.]) And ضُرِبَ بِبَلِيَّةٍ (assumed tropical:) He was smitten with a trial, or an affliction. (L, TA.) b17: طَرِيقُ مَكَّةَ مَا ضَرَبَهَا العَامَ قَطْرَةٌ (tropical:) [The road to Mekkeh, not a drop of rain has fallen upon it this year]. (A, TA.) b18: ضَرَبَ الفَحْلُ النَّاقَةَ, (S, A, * Msb, K, * TA,) aor. ـِ (TA,) inf. n. ضِرَابٌ (S, A, Msb, K) and ضَرْبٌ also, accord. to Fr, but this latter, though agreeable with analogy, is disallowed by Sb and Akh, (TA,) (tropical:) The stallion leaped the she-camel; (Msb, TA;) i. e. (TA,) compressed (A, K, TA) her. (TA.) ضِرَابُ الجَمَلِ is used elliptically for ثَمَنُ ضِرَابِ الجَمَلِ (tropical:) The hire of the camel's leaping the female: the taking of which, as also the taking of the hire of any stallion for covering, is forbidden in a trad. (TA.) b19: ضَرَبَ الشَّىْءَ بِالشَّىْءِ (tropical:) He mixed the [one] thing with the [other] thing; (A, K;) as also ↓ ضرّبهُ, (K,) inf. n. تَضْرِيبٌ: (TA:) accord. to some, said peculiarly in relation to milk; (MF, TA;) but [SM says,] this I have not found in any lexicon. (TA.) ضَرَبَ اللَّبَنَ فِى السِّقَآءِ means (tropical:) حَقَنَهُ [i. e. He collected the milk in the skin, and poured fresh milk upon that which was curdled, or thick, or upon that which was churned; or he poured the milk into the skin, and kept it therein that its butter might come forth]. (A.) In the L and other lexicons it is said that ضَرَبْتُ بَيْنَهُمْ فِى الشَّرِّ means I caused them to become confused [or I involved them] in evil or mischief. (TA. [And ضرّبت بَيْنَهُمْ has a similar meaning: see 2.]) And ضُربَتِ الشَّاةُ بِلَوْنِ كَذَا means The sheep, or goat, was intermixed with such a colour. (L, TA.) b20: ضَرَبَ الشَّجَرُ بِعُرُوقِهِ فِى الأَرْضِ [The trees struck their roots into the earth]. (A and TA in art. عرق.) b21: [Hence, the saying,] ضَرَبَتْ فِيهِ فُلَانَةُ بِعِرْقٍ ذِى أَشَبٍ i. e. اِلْتِبَاس; (S and TA in the present art., and in like manner, in both, in art. اشب, with the addition of ذِى before اِلْتِبَاسٍ;) (tropical:) [app. meaning Such a woman implanted, or engendered, in him a strain, i. e. a radical, or hereditary, quality, of a dubious kind: or the pronoun in فيه relates to a family, or people; for it is said that] the meaning is, such a woman corrupted their race by her bringing forth among them: or, as some say, عرقت فِيهِمْ عِرْقَ سَوْءٍ [i. e. عَرَّقَتْ, or, accord. to more common usage, أَعْرَقَتْ, i. e., implanted, or engendered, among them, or in them, an evil strain, or radical or hereditary disposition]. (TA. [This saying is also mentioned in the A, as tropical, but is not expl. therein.]) b22: ضَرَبَ بِالقِدَاحِ, (S, Mgh, K,) and ضَرَبَ القِدَاحَ, (A, TA,) (tropical:) He turned about, or shuffled, (أَجَالَ,) the arrows, [in the رِبَابَة (q. v.), in the game called المُيْسِر,] عَلَى

الجَزورِ [for the slaughtered camel]. (Mgh. [See حُرْضَةٌ.]) [And (assumed tropical:) He played with the gamingarrows; practised sortilege with arrows, or with the arrows.] You say, ضَرَبْتُ مَعَ القَوْمِ بِسَهْمٍ (assumed tropical:) I practised sortilege with the people, or party, with an arrow; syn. سَاهَمْتُهُمْ. (Msb.) and ضَرَبَ بِالقِدْحَيْنِ (assumed tropical:) He practised sortilege with the two arrows; one of which was inscribed with the sentence “ My Lord hath commanded me,” and the other with “ My Lord hath forbidden me: ” a person between hope and despair is likened to one practising this mode of sortilege, which was used by the people of the Time of Ignorance when they doubted whether they should undertake an affair or abstain from it. (Har pp. 465 and 553.) One says also, ضَرَبَ فِى الجَزُورِبِسَهْمٍ

meaning (assumed tropical:) He obtained a share, or portion, of the slaughtered camel. (Mgh.) And hence the saying of El-Hareeree, وَضَرَبْتُ فِى مَرْعَاهَا بِنَصِيبٍ (assumed tropical:) [and I obtained a share of its pasture]. (Mgh.) and the lawyers say, يَضْرِبُ فِيهِ بِالثُّلُثِ i. e. (assumed tropical:) He shall take thereof somewhat, according to what is due to him, of the third part. (Mgh.) They say also, ضَرَبَ فِى مَالِهِ سَهْمًا i. e. (assumed tropical:) He assigned [a share, or portion, of his property]: and thus is expl. the saying of Aboo-Haneefeh, لَا يَضْرِبُ لِلْمُوصَى لَهُ فِيمَا زَادَ عَلَى الثُّلُثِ (assumed tropical:) He shall not assign, or give, to the legatee, aught of more than the third part; the true objective complement being suppressed. (Mgh.) b23: ضَرَبَ بِيَدَيْهِ [lit. He beat with his arms; meaning (assumed tropical:) he moved his arms about, or to and fro; brandished, tossed, or swung them]: you say, ضَرَبَ بِيَدَيْهِ وَحَرَّكَهُمَا فِى مِشْيَتِهِ (assumed tropical:) [He swung his arms, and moved them about, in his manner of walking]. (TA in art. جدف. [See جَدَفَ.]) And ضَرَبَ فِى المَآءِ [بِيَدَيْهِ being understood after the verb] (assumed tropical:) He swam. (K.) b24: ضَرَبَ بِيَدِهِ إِلَى شَىْءٍ (assumed tropical:) He made a sign, or pointed, with his hand, towards a thing. (TA.) And ضَرَبَ [alone] (assumed tropical:) He made a sign, or pointed. (K.) and ضَرَبَ بِيَدِهِ إِلَى كَذَا (assumed tropical:) He put forth his hand towards such a thing, to take it, or to point, or make a sign. (TA.) And ضَرَبَ يَدَهُ إِلَى عَمَلِ كَذَا (assumed tropical:) [He applied his hand to the doing of such a thing]. (Lth, TA.) [And ضَرَبَ يَدَيْهِ فِى المَالِ a phrase expl. to me by IbrD as meaning (assumed tropical:) He busied his hands with the property, in the giving, or dispensing of it.] b25: ضَرَبَ عَلَى يَدِهِ (assumed tropical:) [He struck his (i. e. another man's) hand; meaning] he struck, or made, the bargain with him; or ratified the sale with him: for it is a custom, when two persons are bargaining together, for one of them to put his hand upon the other's in ratifying the bargain. (TA, from a trad.) b26: And (tropical:) He prohibited, or prevented, or hindered, him, from doing a thing, or from doing a thing that he had begun: (TA:) and [in like manner]

ضَرَبَ عَلَى يَدَيْهِ (tropical:) he withheld, or restrained, him, or it. (K, TA.) And (i. e. the former phrase) (tropical:) He (the judge, A, Mgh, TA) prohibited, or interdicted, him from the using, or disposing of, his property according to his own free will. (S, A, Mgh, Msb, TA.) b27: Also (tropical:) He corrupted, vitiated, marred, or disordered, his affair, or case, or state. (A, Msb, TA.) b28: ضَرَبَ عَنْهُ (assumed tropical:) He turned away a person or thing from him [or it]; as also ↓ اضرب: (TA:) [or] ↓ اضرب عنه signifies, (S, Msb,) or signifies also, (TA,) and (Msb, TA) so does ضَرَبَ عنه, (Msb, K, TA,) [the latter app. for ضَرَبَ نَفْسَهُ عَنْهُ,] (assumed tropical:) He turned away from, avoided, shunned, or left, him, or it; (S * Msb, K * TA; *) namely, a person, (TA,) or a thing. (Msb.) أَفَنَضْرِبُ عَنْكُمُ الذِّكْرَ صَفْحًا, in the Kur [xliii. 4], is said to mean (assumed tropical:) Shall we then neglect you, and not teach you what is incumbent on you? the phrase being taken from a rider's striking his beast with his stick when he desires to turn him from the course that he is pursuing: or the meaning is, (assumed tropical:) shall we then turn away the Kur-án from you, and not invite you thereby to the faith, turning away ourselves from you? (TA.) One says also, ضَرَبْتُ عَنْهُ صَفْحًا meaning (assumed tropical:) I turned away from him and left him. (S and TA in art. صفح: see 1 in that art.) See also the saying ضَرَبَ أَخْمَاسَهُ فِى أَسْدَاسِهِ voce خُمُسٌ. b29: And فُلَانٌ يَضْرِبُ أَخْمَاسًا لِأَسْدَاسٍ: see voce خِمْسٌ. b30: ضَرَبَ بِنَفْسِهِ الأَرْضَ, (K,) inf. n. ضَرْبٌ, (TA,) [lit. He smote with himself the ground; and hence, (assumed tropical:) he cast, threw, or flung, himself upon the ground; app. often used in this sense; (a phrase similar to ضَرَبَ بِهِ الأَرْضَ expl. before;) and hence,] (assumed tropical:) he remained, stayed, or abode; (K;) and so ↓ اضرب (Az, ISk, S, K, TA) as used in the phrase اضرب الرَّجُلُ فِى البَيْتِ (tropical:) The man remained, stayed, or abode, in the tent, or house, (Az, ISk, S, A, TA,) not quitting it: (ISk, A, TA:) and [in like manner] ضَرَبَ بذَنَبِهِ, [الأَرْضَ being understood,] (assumed tropical:) He stayed, or abode, and remained fixed. (K in art. ذنب. [See also other explanations of this last phrase in a later part of this paragraph.]) And ضَرَبَ الوَتِدَ بِمَحَلِّ كَذَا (tropical:) He remained, stayed, or abode, [lit., struck the tent-peg,] in such a place of alighting. (A.) And ضَرَبَتِ الإِبِلُ بِعَطَنٍ, [الأَرْضَ being understood after الابل,] (assumed tropical:) The camels lay down [in a place by the water]: (S in art. عطن:) or satisfied themselves with drinking and then lay down around the water or by the watering-troughs, to be brought again to drink another time: (IAth, TA in that art.:) and [hence,] ضَرَبَ النَّاسُ بِعَطَنٍ, occurring in a trad., (assumed tropical:) The people's camels satisfied themselves with drinking until they lay down and remained in their place [at the water]: (TA in the present art.:) or the people satisfied their thirst and then abode at the water. (K in art. عطن.) b31: ضَرَبَ بِذَقَنِهِ الأَرْضَ (tropical:) He was cowardly; and feared; (A, O,* K, TA;) and clave to the ground: (O, TA:) or he was, or became, affected with shame, shyness, or bashfulness. (A, TA.) b32: يَضْرِبُ لَهُ الأَرْضَ كُلَّهَا [lit. He beats for it the whole land, i. e. in journeying,] means (assumed tropical:) he seeks it through the whole land: so says Az in explanation of the phrase here following. (O, TA.) يَضْرِبُ المَجْدَ (assumed tropical:) He seeks to gain, or obtain, glory: (O, K:) or he applies himself with art and diligence to gain glory, (يَكْتَسِبُهُ,) and seeks it through the whole land. (Az, TA. [See also 8.]) b34: ضَرَبَ اللَّبِنَ, (A,) or اللِّبْنَ, (tropical:) He made [or moulded] bricks. (MA.) And ضَرَبَ الخَاتَمَ (tropical:) He made, fashioned, or moulded, the signet-ring. (TA.) [Hence one says,] اِضْرِبْهُ عَلَى طَبْعِ هٰذَا i. e. (assumed tropical:) [Make thou it, fashion it, or mould it,] according to the model, make, fashion, or mould, of this. (IAar, O and K in art. طبع.) And هٰذِهِ ضَرِيبَتُهُ الَّتِى ضُرِبَ عَلَيْهَا, and ضُرِبَهَا, and ضُرِبَ alone, [for ضُرِبَ عَلَيْهَا,] meaning طُبِعَ [i. e. (assumed tropical:) This is his nature, with an adaptation, or a disposition, to which he was moulded, or created; or to which he was adapted, or disposed, by creation]. (Lh, TA.) And ضُرِبَ فُلَانٌ عَلَى الكَرَمِ (tropical:) [Such a one was moulded, or created, with an adaptation or a disposition, to generosity; or was adapted, or disposed, by creation, or nature, to generosity]. (A.) b35: ضَرَبَ مَثَلًا (S, A, O, &c.) (tropical:) He rehearsed, propounded, or declared, a parable, a similitude, an example, or a proverb; said of God [and of a man]: (S, * O, * Msb, TA:) or he mentioned, or set forth, a parable, &c.: or he framed a parable: thus expl., the verb has but one objective complement: or the phrase signifies he made [such a thing] an example, or the subject of a parable or similitude &c.; and so has two objective complements: in the saying in the Kur [xxxvi. 12]

وَاضْرِبْ لَهُمْ مَثَلًا أَصْحَابَ الْقَرْيَةِ (assumed tropical:) [And propound thou to them a parable, the people of the town] i. e., the story of the people of the town, [or make thou to them a parable, or similitude, or an example, the people of the town;] مثلا may be in the accus. case as an objective complement, اضحاب القرية being a substitute for مثلا; or اصحاب القرية may be regarded as a second objective complement [i. e. second in the order of the words, but first in the order of the sense]: the phrase is differently expl. on account of the different meanings of the verb ضَرَبَ; which signifies he described, or rehearsed; and he declared, propounded, or explained; and he made, caused to be, or constituted; &c.; accord. to some, it is taken from the phrase ضَرَبَ الدِرْهَمَ [q. v.]; because of the impression which a parable or the like makes upon the mind: accord. to some, from ضَرِيبٌ signifying “ a like; ” because the first thing is made like the second: accord. to some, from ضَرَبَ الطِّينَ عَلَى الجِدَارِ [q. v.; because the mud, applied as a plaster, conforms to the shape of the wall]: and accord. to some, from ضَرَبَ الخَاتَمَ [q. v.]; because of the correspondence between a parable or the like and the object to which it is applied, and the correspondence between the signet and its impression. (TA, from the M and L &c.) يَضْرِبُ اللّٰهُ الْحَقَّ وَالْباطِلَ, in the Kur [xiii. 18], means (assumed tropical:) God likeneth, or compareth, truth and falsity. (TA.) One says also, ضَرَبَ بِهِ مَثَلًا (assumed tropical:) [He made him, or it, a subject of a parable, a similitude, an example, or a proverb; he propounded, or framed, a parable, &c., respecting him, or it]. (TA.) And يُضْرَبُ المَثَلُ لِكَذَا [The proverb, &c., is applied to, in relation to, or to the case of, such a thing]. (Meyd &c., passim.) b36: ضَرَبَ لَهُ أَجَلًا (assumed tropical:) He specified, or notified, to, or for, him, or it, a term, or period. (Mgh, Msb. *) b37: ضَرَبَ لَهُمْ طَرِيقًا (assumed tropical:) He assigned to them, or made for them, a way; syn. جَعَلَ. (MA. [App. from a phrase in the Kur xx. 79, q. v.]) b38: الضَّرْبُ as a conventional term of the accountants, or arithmeticians, means The multiplying a number by another number; (Mgh, Msb;) as when you say, [ضَرَبَ خَمْسةً فِى سِتَّةٍ He multiplied five by six; and] خَمْسَةٌ فِى سِتَّةٍ بِثَلَاثِينَ [Five multiplied by six is thirty]. (Msb.) b39: ضَرَبَ [is often intrans., and thus] signifies also تَحَرَّكَ [i. e. (assumed tropical:) It was, or became, in a state of commotion, &c.]: (K:) [see also 8, which is more commonly used in this sense:] or, so with strength, or force. (TA.) [And hence several phrases here following.] b40: ضَرَبَ العِرْقُ (A, TA,) inf. n. ضَرْبٌ and ضَرَبَانٌ, (TA,) (tropical:) The vein pulsed, or beat, (A, TA,) and throbbed: (TA:) and ضَرَبَ, inf. n. ضَرَبَانٌ, (tropical:) it (the vein) pained, and was, or became, in a state of strong commotion. (TA.) and ضَرَبَ الجُرْحُ, inf. n. ضَرَبَانٌ, (S, A, Msb,) (tropical:) The wound [throbbed; or] pained violently: (A, Msb:) and so الضِرْسُ (tropical:) [the tooth]. (A, TA.) b41: ضَرَبَتِ النَّاقَةُ, (A, K,) or, as in some lexicons, المَخَاضُ, (TA,) (tropical:) The she-camel, (A, K,) or the pregnant camel, (TA,) raised her tail, and smote her vulva with it, (A, K, TA,) and then went along. (K, TA.) b42: ضَرَبَ فِى جَهَازِهِ (tropical:) He (a camel) took fright, and ran away at random, (S, A, L, TA,) and ceased not to gallop and leap until he had thrown off all his furniture, or load. (L, TA.) b43: جَآءَ يَضْرِبُ بِشَرٍّ (tropical:) He came hastening [with mischief, or] in an evil affair. (A.) It is said in a trad. of 'Alee, When such and such things shall happen, (mentioning faction, or sedition, or the like,) ضَرَبَ يَعْسُوبُ الدِّينِ بِذَنَبِهِ, meaning, accord. to AM, (assumed tropical:) The leader of the religion shall hasten to go away through the land, fleeing from the faction, or sedition: or, as some say, shall go away hastily through the land, with his followers. (O, TA. [But see يَعْسُوبٌ: and see also ذَنَبٌ.]) And you say also, ضَرَبْتُ فِىالسَّيْرِ, (Msb,) inf. n. ضَرْبٌ, (S,) (assumed tropical:) I hastened in journeying. (S, * Msb.) And ضَرَبَ فِى الأَرْضِ, (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K,) aor. ـِ (TA,) inf. n. ضَرْبٌ (S, K, TA) and مَضْرَبٌ (S, TA) and ضَرَبَانٌ, (K, TA,) (assumed tropical:) He journeyed in the land (S, Mgh, Msb) seeking sustenance, (S,) and for the purpose of traffic: (Mgh:) [and ضَرَبَ الأَرْضَ, as shown above, has a similar meaning:] or (tropical:) he went forth in the land as a merchant; (A, K;) or warring and plundering, (K,) or so ضَرَبَ فِى سَبِيلِ اللّٰهِ [meaning in the cause of God]: (A:) or he hastened through the land: (A, K:) or he arose, and hastened in his journey through the land: (TA:) or he went, or went away, in the land: (A, K:) or he traversed, or journeyed through, the land. (TA.) The verb is [similarly] used in relation to almost all employments: you say, ضَرَبَ فِى التِّجَارَةِ (assumed tropical:) [He travelled for the purpose of traffic]: (TA:) and إِنَّ لِىفِى

أَلْفِ دِرْهَمٍ لَمَضْرَبًا i. e. ضَرْبًا [Verily I have to make a journey for the sake of, or on account of, a thousand dirhems]. (S, TA: but in my copies of the S, لى is omitted.) And ضَرَبَتِ الطَّيْرُ, aor. as above, (tropical:) The birds went, or went away, [or migrated,] seeking sustenance. (K, TA.) b44: ضَرَبَ said of time, (assumed tropical:) It went, passed, or passed away. (K.) And ضَرَبَ الدَّهْرُ مِنْ ضَرَبَانِهِ, or, accord. to one reading, مِنْ ضَرْبِهِ, occurring in a trad., (tropical:) The time in part passed; [the time pursued a part of its course;] or a part of the time passed. (TA.) And ضَرَبَ الدَّهْرُ ضَرَبَانَهُ (assumed tropical:) Fortune, or time, produced, or brought to pass, its events: (IKtt, TA:) a phrase like قُضِىَ مِنَ القَضَآءِ. (S, L, TA.) and ضَرَبَ الدَّهْرُ مِنْ ضَرَبَانِهِ أَنْ كَانَ كَذَا وَكَذَا (tropical:) [Fortune, or time, brought to pass, among its events, that such and such things happened]. (A, L, TA.) And ضَرَبَ الدَّهْرُ بَيْنَنَا (tropical:) Fortune, or time, separated us: (AO, A, TA:) or made a wide separation between us; syn. بَعَّدَ. (K.) b45: Also (assumed tropical:) It was, or became, long: (K, TA:) so in the saying, ضَرَبَ اللَّيْلُ عَلَيْهِمْ (assumed tropical:) [The night was, or became, long to them]. (TA.) b46: And ضَرَبَ

إِلَيْهِ (assumed tropical:) It inclined to it. (TA.) [One says, يَضْرِبُ

إِلَى السَّوَادِ (assumed tropical:) It inclines to blackness, and إِلَى

الحُمْرَةِ to redness, &c.: often occurring in the lexicons.]

A2: ضَارَبَهُ فَضَرَبَهُ, aor. of the latter ضَرُبَ: see 3.

A3: ضَرُبَتْ يَدُهُ i. q. جَادَ ضَرْبُهَا [meaning Excellent, or how excellent, is his hand, or arm, in beating, striking, smiting, or hitting! a phrase similar to رَمُوتْ يَدُهُ]. (K.) A4: ضَرِبَ, (IKtt, A, K,) aor. ـَ (K,) inf. n. ضَرَبٌ, said of herbage, (tropical:) It was marred, or spoilt, by the cold: (A:) or it was smitten by the cold, (IKtt, K, TA,) and injured thereby, and by the wind. (IKtt, TA.) And ضَرِبَتِ الأَرْضُ, inf. n. ضَرَبٌ, (assumed tropical:) The land was smitten by hoar-frost, or rime, and its herbage was nipped, or blasted, thereby: (Az, TA:) and ضُرِبَت [in like manner] (tropical:) it (i. e. land) was smitten by hoar-frost, or rime; or had hoar-frost, or rime, fallen upon it. (S, A, TA.) 2 ضَرَّبَ see 1, first sentence; and in two places in a sentence shortly after that. b2: ضرّب الشَّىْءَ بِالشَّىْءِ: see 1, in the second quarter of the paragraph. b3: [Hence,] التَّضْرِيبُ بَيْنُ القَوْمِ (assumed tropical:) The exciting discord, or strife, or animosity, between, or among, the people, or party. (S, TA.) b4: And ضرّب, inf. n. تَضْرِيبٌ, signifies also (assumed tropical:) He excited, incited, urged, or instigated, and roused to ardour, a courageous man, in war, or battle. (TA.) b5: ضرّب المُضَرَّبَةَ, (S, Mgh, Msb,) inf. n. as above, (TA,) He sewed (S, Mgh, Msb) [meaning quilted] with cotton (Mgh, Msb) the مُضَرَّبَة [q. v.]. (S, Mgh, Msb.) A2: ضرّبت عَيْنُهُ His eye became depressed in his head. (K.) A3: ضرّب, inf. n. as above, also signifies (assumed tropical:) He exposed himself, or became exposed, (تَعَرَّضَ,) to the snow, (K, TA,) i. e. the ضَرِيب [which signifies also, and more commonly, hoar-frost, or rime]. (TA.) A4: and He drank what is termed ضَرِيب, (O, K, TA,) i. e. the milk thus called, (O,) or شَهْد [meaning honey, or honey in its comb, or honey not expressed from its comb]. (TA.) 3 ضاربهُ, (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K,) inf. n. مُضَارَبَةٌ (Msb, TA) and ضَرَابٌ, He contended with him in beating, striking, smiting, or hitting; he beat him, &c., being beaten, &c., by him; (TA;) [he returned him beating for beating, blow for blow, or blows for blows; he bandied, or exchanged, blows with him: and] he contended with him in fight. (S, TA.) One says, ↓ ضاربهُ فَضَرَبَهُ, aor. of the latter verb ضَرُبَ, (K, TA,) agreeably with the general rule respecting verbs signifying the surpassing, or overcoming, in a contest, (MF, TA,) He contended with him in beating, &c., and he surpassed him, or overcame him, therein. (K, * TA.) See also 6. b2: [Golius says, as on the authority of the KL, that ضارب signifies also “ Coivit camelus; ” and Freytag, as on the authority of the K, that it signifies “ inivit camelus camelam: ” but in the KL it is only said that ضَرَابٌ is an inf. n. of a verb having this meaning; and its verb in this sense, as is said in the S and A and Msb and K, is ضَرَبَ, which has been thus expl. in the first paragraph.] b3: ضارب فِى المَالِ and بِالمَالِ, inf. n. مُضَارَبَةٌ, means (tropical:) He trafficked with the property. (A.) And ضارب لَهُ (A, Mgh, K) فِى مَالِهِ, (A, Mgh,) or ضاربهُ فى المَالِ, (S,) inf. n. as above, (S, A, Mgh,) means (tropical:) He trafficked for him with his property [or with the property]; (A, Mgh;) because he who does so generally journeys in the land seeking gain; (Mgh;) app. from الضَّرْبُ فِى

الأَرْضِ [the journeying in the land] for the purpose of seeking sustenance: (TA:) and is syn. with قَارَضَهُ, (S, * Mgh, K, * TA, *) he gave him of his property for the purpose of his trafficking therewith on the condition that the gain should be between them two or that the latter should have a certain share of the gain: and accord. to En-Nadr, ضاربهُ is said of him who does thus and also of the person thus employed. (TA.) 4 اضرب الفَحْلَ النَّاقَةَ, (S,) and اضرب النَّاقَةَ الفَحْلَ, (A, TA,) inf. n. إِضْرَابٌ, (TA,) (tropical:) He made the stallion to leap the she-camel. (S, * A, * TA.) b2: اضرب جَأْشًا لِأَمْرِ كَذَا (tropical:) He disposed, or accommodated, and subjected, himself to such a thing, or such an affair. (A, TA.) b3: اضرب السَّمُومُ المَآءَ (assumed tropical:) The سموم [or hot wind] caused the earth to imbibe the water (أَنْشَفَهُ الأَرْضَ). (K.) b4: اضرب لِنَفْسِهِ خَاتَمًا (tropical:) [He caused a signet-ring to be made, fashioned, or moulded, for himself]. (A, TA. [See also 8.]) b5: اضربهُ البَرْدُ: and اضرب الضَّرِيبُ الأَرْضَ: see 1, in the former half of the paragraph. b6: [Accord. to the TA, أُضْرِبْنَا (there written اضرِبنا) seems to signify (assumed tropical:) We were smitten by hoar-frost, or rime: or our land, or herbage, was smitten thereby: thus resembling أُجْلِدْنَا and أُصْقِعْنَا: but perhaps the right reading is أَضْرَبْنَا: for]

A2: أَضْرَبَ القَوْمُ, (K, TA,) inf. n. إِضْرَابٌ, (TA,) signifies (assumed tropical:) The people, or party, had hoar-frost, or rime, fallen upon them. (K, TA.) b2: اضرب الخُبْزُ (assumed tropical:) The bread (K, TA) i. e. the bread baked in hot ashes (TA) became thoroughly baked, (K, TA,) and in a fit state to be beaten with a stick and to have its ashes and dust shaken off. (TA.) b3: اضرب عَنْهُ: see 1, near the middle of the paragraph, in two places. [اضرب عَنِ الأَمْرِ is expl. in a copy of the A as meaning عَرَّفَ عَنْهُ, and in the TA, (probably from that copy of the A, as I have reason to believe that it was used by the author of the TA,) is expl. by عرف عنه; but the right reading is indubitably عَزَفَ عَنْهُ, with the dotted ز; meaning (tropical:) He turned away from the thing, or affair; a signification given in the first paragraph: it is said in the A to be tropical. And اضرب عَنْهُ also signifies (assumed tropical:) He digressed from it; made a digression, or transition, from it; namely, a subject of speech or discourse: and particularly (assumed tropical:) he turned from it and retracted it.] b4: اضرب الرَّجُلُ فِى البَيْتِ: see 1, in the latter half of the paragraph. b5: اضرب signifies also (tropical:) He was silent; he spoke not: or he lowered his eyes, looking towards the ground: syn. أَطْرَقَ. (S, TA.) 5 تضرّب [He beat, struck, smote, or hit, himself much, or violently; or several, or many, times]. One says, تضرّب بِالحَصَى [He smote himself much with pebbles], (K in art. كثح,) and بِالتُّرَابِ [with earth, or dust, as a man sometimes does in vexation]. (L ibid.) b2: See also 8, in two places.6 تضاربوا, (A, MA, Mgh, Msb, K, in the S تضاربا,) and ↓ اضطربوا, (A, Mgh, Msb, K, in the S اضطربا,) and ↓ ضاربوا, (K,) [They contended in beating, striking, smiting, or hitting, one another; and particularly, in fight;] they smote one another with the sword. (MA.) One says, العَبْدَانِ ↓ اضطرب بِالعَصَوَيْنِ, meaning The two slaves beat each other with the two sticks, or staves. (Mgh.) 8 اضطرب: see 6, in two places. The inf. n. is اِضْطِرَابٌ, of which the dim. is ↓ ضُتَيْرِيبٌ, the ط being changed [back] into ت because the ض becomes movent. (S and O in art. طلق.) b2: [Hence, said of a thing, Its several parts collided; or were, or became, in a state of collision: and hence,] i. q. تَحَرَّكَ (S, Msb, K) and مَاجَ; (K;) [but more significant than either of these; meaning he, or more generally it, was, or became, in a state of commotion, agitation, convulsion, tumult, disturbance, or disorder; was, or became, agitated, convulsed, or unsteady; struggled; floundered; tossed, or shook, about, or to and fro; moved, or went, about, or to and fro, or from side to side; wabbled; wagged; quivered, quaked, trembled, or shivered; fluttered; flickered; and the like;] and ↓ تضرّب signifies the same. (K. [ضَرَبَ, also, is sometimes used in the sense of تَحَرَّكَ, as mentioned before.]) One says, المَوْجُ يَضْطَرِبُ The waves [dash together, are tumultuous, or] beat one another. (S.) And اضطرب الوَلَدُ بِالبَطْنِ [The child was, or became, in a state of commotion in the belly]; (A;) And فِى ↓ تضرّب البَطْنِ [which means the same]. (TA.) and اضطرب البَرْقُ فِى السَّحَابِ The lightning was, or became, in a state of commotion in the clouds; [or it flickered therein;] syn. تَحَرَّكَ. (TA.) and اضطرب فِى أُمُورِهِ He went to and fro occupied in his affairs for the means of subsistence: (Mgh:) and اضطرب, alone, signifies he sought to gain; or applied himself with art and diligence to gain; syn. اِكْتَسَبَ; (K, TA;) and is used by ElKumeyt with المَجْدَ as its objective complement. (TA. [See also يَضْرِبُ المَجْدَ, in the latter half of the first paragraph.]) And اضطرب الرَّجُلُ (assumed tropical:) The man was tall, and therewithal loose, lax, flabby, uncompact, slack, or shaky, in make, or frame. (K, * TA.) And اضطرب حَبْلُهُمْ [properly, Their rope was shaky, loose, or slack; meaning] (assumed tropical:) their word, or sentence, or saying, varied, or was discordant: (K:) or their words, or sayings, [conflicted, or] varied, or were discordant: and so أَقْوَالُهُمْ [their sayings]. (Kull p. 56.) And اضطرب رَأْيُهُ (assumed tropical:) [His opinion was, or became, confused, weak, or unsound]. (TA in art. رخ.) And اضطرب عَقْلُهُ (assumed tropical:) [His mind, or intellect, was, or became, disordered, confused, or unsound]. (K, in art. توه.) And اضطرب أَمْرُهُ (assumed tropical:) His affair, or state, was, or became, disordered, unsound, or corrupt; (S, K; *) syn. اِخْتَلَّ; (S, K;) [it was, or became unsound, or unsettled; as is indicated in the TA in art. زل:] and اضطربت الأُمُورُ (assumed tropical:) The affairs were, or became, complicated, intricate, confused, discordant, or incongruous; syn. اِخْتَلَفَت: (Msb:) and اضطرب الأَمْرُ بَيْنَهُمْ (assumed tropical:) [The affair, or case, was, or became, complicated, intricate, or confused, so as to be a subject of disagreement, or difference, between them]. (Msb voce شَجَرَ, q. v.) A2: اضطرب خَاتَمًا (assumed tropical:) He asked, or ordered, that a signet-ring should be made, fashioned, or moulded, for him: (K, * TA: [see also 4:]) occurring in a trad. (TA.) b2: اضطرب بِنَآءً فِى المَسْجِدِ occurs in a trad. as meaning (assumed tropical:) He set up a structure upon stakes driven into the ground in the mosque. (TA.) 10 استضربت (assumed tropical:) She (a camel) desired the stallion. (K.) b2: And استضربهُ فَحْلًا He desired, or demanded, of him a stallion to cover his she-camels; like اسطرقه فحلا. (TA. in art. طرق.) A2: استضرب العَسَلُ The honey became ضَرَبَ; (S;) i. e., became thick; (A;) or became white and thick: (S, K:) the verb in this sense is similar to اِسْتَنْوَقَ in relation to a he-camel, and اِسْتَتْيَسَت in relation to a she-goat. (S.) ضَرْبٌ an inf. n. used in the sense of a pass. part. n.; (TA;) i. q. ↓ مَضْرُوبٌ [Beaten, struck, &c.]: (K, TA:) in some of the copies of the K, it is made the same as ضَرْبٌ signifying “ a species ” &c.: but this is a mistake. (TA.) One says دِرْهَمٌ ضَرْبٌ (tropical:) [A coined dirhem]; using the inf. n. as an epithet, as in the phrases مَآءٌ غَوْرٌ and مَآءٌ سَكْبٌ. (S.) And هٰذَا دِرْهَمٌ ضَرْبَ الأَمِيرِ, in which ضرب may be thus put in the accus. case as an inf. n., [the meaning being هٰذَا دِرْهَمٌ مَضْرُوبٌ ضَرْبَ الأَمِيرِ (tropical:) This is a dirhem coined with the coining of the prince,] which is the most common way. (L, TA.) b2: (tropical:) A light rain; (S, K, TA;) or so مَطَرٌ ضَرْبٌ: (A:) دِيمَةٌ signifies “ a lasting, or continuous, and still, rain; ” and ضَرْبٌ, a little more than دِيمَةٌ, or a little above this: and ↓ ضَرْبَةٌ [as the n. un.] signifies a fall, or shower, of light rain. (As, TA.) b3: (assumed tropical:) A make, form, fashion, mould, or cast; syn. صِيغَةٌ. (S, TA.) b4: (assumed tropical:) A sort, or species; (S, K;) as also ↓ ضَرِيبٌ; (K;) and accord. to some copies of the K مَضْرُوبٌ, but this is a mistake: the pl. of the first is ضُرُوبٌ. (TA.) b5: Also (tropical:) A like [of a thing and of a person]; (ISd, A, K, TA;) and so ↓ ضِرْبٌ, as related on the authority of Z; (TA;) and ↓ ضَرِيبٌ; (IAar, S, A, TA;) as in the phrase ضَرِيبُ الشَّىْءِ the like of the thing, (S, TA,) and فُلَانٌ ضَرِيبُ فُلَانٍ such a one is the like of such a one: (IAar, TA:) or ضَرْبٌ signifies a like in stature and make: (IAar, TA:) its pl. is ضُرُوبٌ; (TA;) and the pl. of ↓ ضَرِيبٌ is ضَرَائِبُ (S) and ضُرَبَآءُ, this latter occurring in a trad., in the phrase, ذَهَبَ هٰذَا وَضُرَبَاؤُهُ This went away, and the likes of him. (TA.) One says also ضَرْبَ قَوْلِهِ [meaning (assumed tropical:) In the like of his saying; referring to a saying in the Kur-án, &c.; a phrase similar to نَحْوَ قَوْلِهِ]. (Az, T voce إِنْ in several places.) A2: A man penetrating, or vigorous and effective; light, or active, in the accomplishment of an affair or of a want; (K, TA;) not flaccid, or flabby, in flesh. (TA.) And (K) a man (S, TA) light of flesh, (S, A, K, TA,) lean and slender. (TA.) The pl. is ضُرُبٌ; or, accord. to IJ, this may be pl. of ↓ ضَرُوبٌ. (L, TA.) A3: The last foot of a verse: (K, * TA:) pl. [of pauc.] أَضْرُبٌ and [of mult.] ضُرُوبٌ. (TA.) A4: See also ضَرَبٌ. b2: [Reiske, as mentioned by Freytag, explains it also as meaning Sour milk: but this is app. a mistake for صَرْبٌ, with the unpointed ص.]

ضِرْبٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

ضَرَبٌ (S, A, Msb, K) and ↓ ضَرْبٌ, but the former is the better known, (K,) Thick honey: (A:) or white honey: (Msb, K:) or thick white honey: (S:) or, as some say, wild honey: and ↓ ضَرَبَةٌ signifies the same: or a portion thereof: (TA:) ضَرَبٌ is masc. and fem.: (S:) [for] it is said to be pl. of ↓ ضَرَبَةٌ, or a coll. gen. n., which is in most cases masc. [but is also fem.]. (Msb.) ضَرِبٌ: see مِضْرَبٌ. b2: Also (tropical:) Herbage smitten and injured by the cold, and by the wind. (TA.) And (tropical:) Herbage smitten by hoar-frost, or rime. (TA.) And أَرْضٌ ضَرِبَةٌ (tropical:) Land smitten by hoarfrost, or rime, so that its herbage is nipped, or blasted, thereby. (Az, TA.) ضَرْبَةٌ [inf. n. un. of ضَرَبَ; A single act of beating, striking, &c.: a blow, stroke, &c.]. b2: See also ضَرْبٌ, fourth sentence. b3: ضَرْبَةً وَاحِدَةً means (assumed tropical:) At one time; once. (Mgh, Msb.) So in the saying, لَا آخُذُ مَالِى عَلَيْكَ إِلَّا ضَرْبَةً وَاحِدَةً (assumed tropical:) [I will not take what is due to me on thy part save at one time, or once]. (Mgh.) b4: ضَرْبَةُ الغَائِصِ, which is forbidden, is (assumed tropical:) The saying of the diver for pearls, to the merchant, I will dive for thee once, and what I shall bring up shall be thine for such a price. (T, Mgh, TA.) ضَرَبَةٌ: see ضَرَبٌ, in two places.

ضَرُوبٌ: see مِضْرَبٌ: and see ضَرْبٌ, near the end.

ضَرِيبٌ i. q. ↓ مَضْرُوبٌ [Beaten, struck, &c.]. (K, TA.) b2: A tent-peg, or stake, struck so as to be firm in the ground; as also ↓ مَضْرُوبٌ. (Lh, TA.) b3: See also ضَرْبٌ, in three places. b4: Also, (As, ISd, K, TA,) or ضَرِيبُ الشَّوْلِ, accord. to Aboo-Nasr, (assumed tropical:) Milk of which some is milked upon other: or, accord. to some of the Arabs of the desert, milk from a number of camels, some of it being thin, and some of it thick: (S:) or milk of which some is poured upon other: (As, TA:) or such as is milked from a number of camels (ISd, K, TA) into one vessel, and mixed together, not consisting of less than the milk of three camels: (ISd, TA:) or milk upon which other has been milked at night, and other on the morrow, and which has been mixed together. (TA.) [See also صَرِيبٌ.] b5: And What is bad, of the kind of plants called حَمْض: or what is broken in pieces, thereof. (K.) A2: See also مِضْرَبٌ. b2: [Hence,] (tropical:) The person who is intrusted, as deputy, with [the disposal of] the gaming-arrows [in the game called المَيْسِر]: or the person who shuffles those arrows, or who plays with them; (اَلَّذِى يَضْرِبُ بِالقِدَاحِ;) as also ↓ ضَارِبٌ: (K:) or both of these epithets signify the person who shuffles those arrows (اَلَّذِى يَضْرِبُ بِالقِدَاحِ); and he is the person who is intrusted, as deputy, with [the disposal of] them: (S:) the former is of the measure فَعِيلٌ in the sense of the measure فَاعِلٌ: (Sb, TA:) and the pl. is ضُرَبَآءُ. (S, A.) You say, هُوَضَرِيبِى, meaning (tropical:) He is my playfellow with the gamingarrows (مِنْ يَضْرِبُ القِدَاحَ مَعِى). (A, TA.) b3: And الضَّرِيبُ is a name of (assumed tropical:) The third arrow of those used in the game called المَيْسِر: (K, * TA:) that arrow is thus called by some: by others الرَّقِيبُ [q. v.]: it has three notches; and three portions are assigned to it if successful, and three fines if unsuccessful. (Lh, L, TA.) b4: [Hence, app.,] ضَرِيبٌ signifies also (assumed tropical:) A share, or portion. (K.) b5: Also (assumed tropical:) Hoar-frost, or rime; (S, K;) like جَلِيدٌ and سَقِيطٌ: (S in art. جلد:) and (assumed tropical:) snow. (K.) b6: And (assumed tropical:) The head: (K:) so called because often in a state of agitation. (TA.) A3: And i. q. شَهْدٌ [i. e. honey, or honey in its comb, or honey not expressed from its comb]: and عَسَلٌ ضَرِيبٌ honey becoming, or become, white and thick. (TA.) [See also ضَرَبٌ.]) A4: Also Big-bellied, (بَطِينٌ, [in some copies of the K بَطْن,]) [as an epithet] of men, (K, TA,) and of others. (TA.) ضَرِيبَةٌ A man, (K,) or anything, (T, S, * TA,) living or dead, (T, TA,) struck, or smitten, with the sword: (T, S, K, TA:) the ة is affixed, though the word has the meaning of a pass. part. n., because it becomes numbered with substs., like نَطِيحَةٌ and أَكِيلَةٌ. (S.) b2: [And also] The place [or part] upon which the blow, or stroke, falls, of the body that is beaten, or struck. (Ham p. 129.) b3: And Wool, or [goats'] hair, separated, or plucked asunder, with the fingers, and then folded together, and bound with a thread, and spun: (S: [more fully expl. voce سَلِيلَةٌ:]) and wool that is beaten with a mallet: (TA:) or a portion of wool: (K:) or a portion of cotton, and of wool: (TA:) pl. ضَرَائِبُ. (S.) b4: Also (tropical:) An impost that is levied, of the poll-tax or land-tax and the like, (S, A, Mgh, O, Msb, K, TA,) and of [the tolls, or similar exactions, termed] أَرْصَاد: (S, O, TA:) pl. as above. (S, A, Mgh, &c.) And (hence, TA) (tropical:) The غَلَّة [as meaning the income, or revenue, arising from the service] of a slave; (S, K, TA;) i. e. ضَرِيبَةُ العَبْدِ meanswhat the slave pays to his master, of the impost that is laid upon him: ضَرِيبَةٌ being of the measure فَعِيلَةٌ in the sense of the measure مَفْعُولَةٌ. (TA.) b5: And (tropical:) A nature; or a natural, a native, or an innate, disposition or temper or the like: [as though signifying a particular cast of constitution, moulded by the Creator:] syn. طَبِيعَةٌ, (S, A, K,) and سَجِيَّةٌ: (S:) pl. as above. (A, TA.) You say, فُلَانٌ كَرِيمُ الضَّرِيبَةِ [(tropical:) Such a one is generous in respect of nature]; and لَئِيمُ الضَّرِيبَةِ [(tropical:) mean &c.]; (S;) and إِنَّهُ لَكَرِيمُ الضَّرَائِبِ [(tropical:) Verily he is generous in respect of natural dispositions]: and خُلِقَ النَّاسُ عَلَى ضَرَائِبَ شَتَّى

[Men are created of diverse natures &c.]. (TA.) b6: See also مَضْرِبٌ.

ضَرَّابٌ: see مِضْرَبٌ.

ضَارِبٌ [Beating, striking, smiting, or hitting: &c.:] act. part. n. of ضَرَبَ [in all its senses]. (K, TA.) b2: A she-camel that strikes her milker: (S, K:). or one which, having been submissive, or tractable, before conceiving, afterwards strikes her milker away from before her: or [the pl.] ضَوَارِبُ signifies she-camels that resist after conceiving, and become repugnant, so that one cannot milk them. (TA.) b3: Also, and ضَارِبَةٌ, (K, TA,) the former a possessive epithet [i. e. denoting the possession of a quality], and the latter a verbal epithet [i. e. an act. part. n.], (TA,) (tropical:) A she-camel that raises her tail, and smites with it her vulva, (K, A, in which latter only the pl. is mentioned,) and then goes: (K:) pl. ضَوَارِبُ. (A, TA.) And the former is like تضراب, [i. e.

↓ تِضْرَابٌ, as appears from what follows,] expl. by Lh as meaning (assumed tropical:) A she-camel that has been covered by the stallion, [and app. that raises her tail in consequence thereof,] but respecting which one knows not whether she be pregnant or not: (TA:) or ↓ تِضْرَابٌ signifies a she-camel recently covered by the stallion [and therefore often raising her tail]. (Mz, 40th نوع.) b4: The former (ضَارِبٌ) signifies also (assumed tropical:) Swimming, (S, TA,) in water. (TA.) Dhu-r-Rummeh says, لَيَالِىَ اللَّهْوِ يَطْبِينِى فَأَتْبَعُهُ كَأَنَّنِى ضَارِبٌ فِى غَمْرَةٍ لَعِبُ [In the nights of diversion he calls me and I follow him as though I were swimming in a deep water, sporting therein]. (S, TA.) b5: طَيْرٌ ضَوَارِبُ (tropical:) Birds seeking sustenance: (S, A, TA:) or birds traversing the land, [or migrating,] in search of sustenance. (L, TA.) b6: See also ضَرِيبٌ. b7: ضَارِبٌ also signifies (assumed tropical:) A dark night: (K:) or a night of which the darkness extends to the right and left, and fills the world. (S, O. [So in my copies of the S and in the O and TA: but accord. to Golius, as from the S, “yet not filling the air. ”]) See the verse of Homeyd cited in the first paragraph. [J cites as an ex. of the last of the meanings expl. above, and so does Sgh in the O, the verse in the sentence here next following.] b8: (assumed tropical:) Anything long: applied in this sense to a night: thus in the following verse: وَرَابَعَتْنِى تَحْتَ لَيْلٍ ضَارِبِ بِسَاعِدٍ فَعْمٍ وَكَفٍّ خَاضِبِ (assumed tropical:) [And that she helped me in lifting and putting on the loads, beneath the darkness of a long night, with a plump fore arm and a hand dyed with hinnà]. (TA.) b9: (assumed tropical:) A place, (S,) or a depressed place, (K, TA,) and a valley, (TA,) in which are trees. (S, K, TA.) And (assumed tropical:) A piece of rugged ground extending in an oblong form in a plain, or soft, tract. (K, TA.) And (assumed tropical:) The like of a رَحْبَة in a valley [app. meaning where the water flows into it from its two sides: see art. رحب]: pl. ضَوَارِبُ. (K.) ضَارُوبٌ [an irregular instrumental noun, like طَاحُونٌ and some other words of the same measure,] (tropical:) A snare for catching birds. (A, TA.) ضُتَيْرِيبٌ dim. of اِضْطِرَابٌ, inf. n. of 8, q. v.

تِضْرَابٌ: see ضَارِبٌ, former half, in two places.

مَضْرَبٌ is an inf. n. (Ham p. 129.) [See the sentence explaining the phrase ضَرَبَ فِى الأَرْضِ; and also the sentence next following it, towards the close of the first paragraph.] b2: And it is also a noun of place [and of time, like مَضْرِبٌ, which is the regular form]. (Ham ibid.) See the next paragraph, in five places.

مَضْرِبٌ [and ↓ مَضْرَبٌ, q. v.,] A place, or time, [the latter, as is said in the explanation of a phrase mentioned in what follows,] of beating, striking, smiting, or hitting: b2: and also, (assumed tropical:) a place, or time, of journeying. (KL.) b3: مَضْرِبُ الظَّرِبَانِ means (assumed tropical:) The line, or long mark, upon the face of the animal called ظربان [as though it were a place upon which it had been struck]. (TA in art. ظرب, q. v.) b4: And مَضْرِبٌ, (assumed tropical:) A place where a tent is pitched, or set up. (Msb.) b5: See also مِضْرَبٌ. b6: Also, (thus in the TA in art. سوف, as from the A,) or ↓ مَضْرَبٌ, (thus in a copy of the A in the present art.,) (tropical:) i. q. مَسَافَةٌ [meaning A space, or tract, or an extent, over which one journeys; as being a place of beating the ground]: so in the saying, بَعِيدٌ ↓ بَيْنَهُمْ مَضْرَبٌ [or مَضْرِبٌ, i. e. (tropical:) Between them is a far-extending space to be traversed]. (A.) b7: [مَضْرِبُ عَسَلَةٍ is a euphemism for (assumed tropical:) The place of injection of sperma: and hence it means (assumed tropical:) the source from which one springs; origin, ancestry, or parentage; &c.] One says, مَا أَعْرِفُ لَهُ مَضْرِبَ عَسَلَةٍ (S, A) meaning أَعْرَاقَهُ [i. e. (tropical:) I know not the sources (or the source) from which he has sprung; or his ancestry, or parentage]: (S:) or مَا يُعْرَفُ لَهُ مَضْرِبُ عَسَلَةٍ (tropical:) No source or origin [or parentage], nor people, nor ancestor or father, nor nobility, pertaining to him, is know. (M, K, TA.) And مَا لِفُلَانٍ

مَضْرِبُ عَسَلَةٍ (S, A, in the latter لِزَيْدٍ,) i. e. (tropical:) [Such a one has no source] of kindred (نَسَب), nor of cattle or property (مَال). (S.) And إِنَّهُ لَكَرِيمُ المَضْرِبِ (tropical:) [Verily he is generous in respect of origin]. (A, TA.) [See also ضَرِيبَةٌ.] b8: One says also, أَتَتِ النَّاقَةُ عَلَى مَضْرِبِهَا, meaning (assumed tropical:) The she-camel arrived at the time [of year] of her being leaped by the stallion; making the time to be like the place. (S.) b9: مَضْرِبٌ, (S, A, O, and so in the M in art. رم,) or ↓ مَضْرَبٌ, (K, * TA,) with fet-h to the م, (K, TA,) and to the ر also, (TA,) [but this is app. a mistake, as the weight of authority is in favour of the former,] (assumed tropical:) A bone in which is marrow: (S, O, K:) or a bone that is broken and from which marrow is extracted [or sought to be extracted]. (M in art. رم.) One says, of a sheep or goat, (S, A,) that is emaciated, (S,) مَا يُرِمُّ مِنْهَا مَضْرِبٌ (tropical:) [Not a bone of her that is broken for its marrow contains any marrow]; i. e. when a bone of her is broken, no marrow will be found in it. (S, A.) b10: And مَضْرِبٌ (S, Msb, K) and ↓ مَضْرَبٌ (Msb, K) and ↓ مَضْرِبَةٌ (S, Msb, K) and ↓ مَضْرَبَةٌ (Msb, K) and ↓ مَضْرُبَةٌ (Sb, TA) signify The part of a sword, with which one strikes: (Msb, and Ham p. 129:) or [the part] about a span from the extremity: (S, TA:) or the part exclusive of, or below, the ظُبَة [q. v.] (دُونَ الطُّبَةِ): (TA:) or the edge (حَدّ) thereof; (K, TA;) thus expl. by several of the leading lexicologists: (TA:) and so ↓ ضَرِيبَةٌ: which last also signifies a sword: (K:) [i. e.] a sword itself is sometimes thus called, as ISd says: (TA:) the pl. of مَضْرِبٌ is مَضَارِبُ. (Ham ubi suprà.) b11: [مَضْرِبُ مَثَلٍ means (assumed tropical:) The secondary idea, or thing, signified by a parable or proverb, and compared to the primary idea, or thing; the thing, or case, to which a parable or proverb is applied: correlative of مَوْرِدُ مَثَلٍ: pl. مَضَارِبُ.]

b12: And [the pl.] مَضَارِبُ signifies (assumed tropical:) Stratagems in war. (IAar, TA.) مُضْرِبٌ [part. n. of أَضْرَبَ, q. v.]. You say, رَأَيْتُ حَيَّةً مُضْرِبًا (S, TA) and مُضْرِبَةً (TA) (tropical:) I saw a serpent still, not moving. (S, TA.) مِضْرَبٌ [A thing with which one beats, strikes, smites, or hits;] a thing with which the action termed الضَّرْب is performed; as also ↓ مِضْرَابٌ. (K.) A wooden instrument [a kind of mallet] with which the bow-string is struck in the operation of separating cotton. (Msb.) b2: And, (S, A, K,) as an epithet applied to a man, (S, A,) it signifies شَدِيدُ الضَّرْبِ [One who beats, strikes, smites, or hits, vehemently]; (S, O;) or كَثِيرُ الضَّرْبِ [one who beats, &c., much]; as also ↓ ضَرُوبٌ (A, K) and ↓ ضَرَّابٌ (A) and ↓ ضَرِيبٌ (K, TA) and ↓ ضَرِبٌ. (O, K, TA. [But in none of these lexicons is this signification mentioned in such a manner as to show that it necessarily relates to any but the first of these words, namely, مِضْرَبٌ: that it does so, however, is indicated by the measures of all of them.]) b3: Also, (O, K, TA,) or ↓ مَضْرِبٌ, with fet-h to the م and kesr to the ر, (Mgh,) [thus] written like مَجْلِسٌ by MF, and pronounced by the vulgar مَضْرَب, but both of these are [said to be] incorrect, (TA,) A [tent such as is called] قُبَّة: (Mgh:) or a great [tent of the kind called] فُسْطَاط; (O, K, TA;) the فسطاط of a king: (TA:) pl. مَضَارِبُ. (Mgh, TA.) مَضْرِبَةٌ and مَضْرَبَةٌ and مَضْرُبَةٌ: see مَضْرِبٌ.

مُضَرَّبٌ Sewed [meaning quilted] with cotton: applied in this sense to a بِسَاط [or thing that is spread like a carpet, &c.]. (Mgh, Msb.) مُضَرَّبَةٌ [a subst. signifying A quilt; a quilted garment and the like: see 2]. (S, Mgh, Msb.) مِضْرَابٌ The thing [i. e. plectrum] with which a lute (عُود) is struck [or played]: (S:) pl. مَضَارِيبُ. (TA in art. طرب.) [See an ex. voce طَروب.

The plectrum commonly used for this purpose in the present day is a slip of a vulture's feather, and is termed رِيشَةٌ: see the chap. on music in my “ Modern Egyptians. ”] b2: See also مِضْرَبٌ.

مَضْرُوبٌ: see ضَرْبٌ and ضَرِيبٌ, the latter in two places. Dhu-r-Rummeh says, speaking of a cake of bread (خُبْزَة), وَمَضْرُوبَةٍ فِى غَيْرِ ذَنْبٍ بَرِيئَةِ كَسَرْتُ لِأْصْحَابِى عَلَى عَجَلٍ كَسْرَا [Many a thing (meaning many a cake of bread) beaten for no offence, free from blame, I have broken for my companions in haste, with a vigorous breaking]. (TA, after explaining the phrase أَضْرَبَ الخُبْزُ [q. v.].) b2: Also (assumed tropical:) Staying, abiding, or remaining, [fixed, or settled,] in a tent, or house. (TA.) مُضَارِبٌ One who is employed by another to traffic for him with his (the latter's) property, on the condition of their sharing the gain together: and also one who employs another to traffic for him with his (the former's) property, on that condition: thus expl. by En-Nadr; and Az also allows the use of the word in these two senses. (TA.) مُضْطَرَبٌ may mean اِضْطَرَابٌ [i. e. it may be used as an inf. n. of اِضْطَرَبَ (q. v.), agreeably with a general rule]: b2: and it may mean A place of اِضْطِرَاب: (Ham p. 142:) [thus used it often means a place in which one goes to and fro seeking the means of subsistence: and simply a place in which one seeks gain: see اِضْطَرَبَ فِى

أُمُورِهِ: and see also the syns. مُرَاغَمٌ (in two places) and مُنْتَفَدٌ.] b3: [It is also a pass. part. n.: and hence the phrase مُضْطَرَبَاتٌ لِلْمَعَاشِ, meaning The things that are desired to be gained for subsistence, or sustenance: see مَرَاغِبُ.]

مُضْطَرِبٌ [A thing having its several parts in a state of collision: and hence, a thing, and a man, in a state of commotion, agitation, convulsion, &c.: see its verb, 8]. b2: One says, جَآءَ مُضْطَرِبَ العِنَانِ [lit. He came with quivering rein]; meaning he came discomfited, or put to flight, and alone. (K.) b3: And رَجُلٌ مُضْطَرِبُ الخَلْقِ (tropical:) A man incongruous, unsound, faulty, or weak, in respect of make: (A, TA:) tall, and [loose, lax, flabby, uncompact, slack, shaky, or] not strong of make. (TA.) b4: And حَدِيثٌ مُضْطَرِبُ السَّنَدِ (assumed tropical:) A tradition unsound, faulty, or weak, in respect of the authority upon which it rests, or to which it is traced up or ascribed; syn. مُخْتَلٌّ. (S, TA.)

ضعف

1 ضَعُفَ, (S, O, Msb, K,) and ضَعَفَ, (O, Msb, K,) the latter on the authority of Yoo, (O,) or of Lh, (L,) aor. of each ـُ (Msb, K,) inf. n. ضُعْفٌ and ضَعْفٌ (S, * O, * Msb, K) [and app. ضَعَفٌ (q. v. infrà) or this is a simple subst.] and ضَعَافَةٌ and ضَعَافِيَةٌ, (K,) all of which are inf. ns. of the former verb, (TA,) or the first, which is of the dial. of Kureysh, is of the former verb, and the second, which is of the dial. of Temeem, is of the latter verb, (Msb,) He, or it, was, or became, weak, feeble, faint, frail, infirm, or unsound; ضُعْفٌ and ضَعْفٌ being the contr. of قُوَّةٌ, (S, O, Msb, K,) and of صِحَّةٌ; (Msb;) and both of them may be used alike, in every relation; or, accord. to the people of El-Basrah, both are so used; so says Az; (TA;) but some say that the former is used in relation to the body, and the latter in relation to the judgment or opinion. (O, Msb, K: but this is omitted in my copy of the TA.) b2: ضَعُفَ عَنِ الشَّىْءِ means He lacked strength, or power, or ability, to do or accomplish, or to bear, the thing; [he was weak so as to be disabled, or incapacitated, from doing, or accomplishing, or from bearing, the thing;] syn. عَجَزَ عَنْهُ, (Msb in art. عجز,) or عَجَزَ عَنِ احْتِمَالِهِ. (Msb in the present art.) b3: [See also ضَعْفٌ below.]

A2: ضَعُفَ also signifies It (a thing) exceeded; syn. زَادَ. (L, TA.) b2: And you say, ضَعَفْتُ القَوْمَ (Lth, O, K, *) aor. ـُ (O,) or ـَ (K, TA,) inf. n. ضَعْفٌ; (O;) [and app. ضَعُفْتُ عَلَيْهِمْ, like as you say زِدْتُ عَلَيْهِمْ;] I exceeded the people, or party, in number, so that I and my companions had double, or several-fold, the number that they had. (Lth, O, K. *) b3: See also 3.2 ضعّفهُ, inf. n. تَضْعِيفٌ: see 4: and see also المُضَعَّفُ. b2: Also He reckoned, or esteemed, him ضَعِيف [i. e. weak, &c.]; (O, K;) and so ↓ استضعفهُ, (S, O, Msb, K,) and ↓ تضعّفهُ: (O, K:) or ↓ استضعفهُ signifies he found him to be so; (TA;) or he asserted him to be (جَعَلَهُ) so; (Msb;) or, as also ↓ تضعّفهُ, he [esteemed him to be so, and therefore] behaved proudly, haughtily, or insolently, towards him, in respect of worldly things, because of [his] poverty, and meanness of condition. (IAth, TA.) غَلَبَنِى أَهْلُ الكُوفَةِ أَسْتَعْمِلُ عَلَيْهِمُ المُؤْمِنَ فَيُضَعَّفُ وَأَسْتَعْمِلُ عَلَيْهِمُ القَوِىَّ فَيُفَجَّرُ, [The people of El-Koofeh have overcome me: I employ as governor over them the believer, and he is esteemed weak; and I employ as governor over them the strong, and he is charged with unrighteousness:] is a saying mentioned in a trad. of 'Omar. (TA.) b3: And He attributed, or ascribed, (O, K,) to him, i. e. a man, (O,) or (tropical:) to it, i. e. a tradition, [&c.,] ضَعْف [meaning weakness, app., in the case of a man, of judgment, and in the case of a tradition &c., of authority]. (O, K, TA.) A2: and He doubled it, or made it double, covering one part of it with another part. (TA.) b2: See also the next paragraph, in two places.3 ضاعفهُ, (S, O, K,) inf. n. مُضَاعَفَةٌ; (S, Msb;) and ↓ ضعّفهُ, (S K,) inf. n. تَضْعِيفٌ; (S, O, Msb;) and ↓ اضعفهُ, (S, O, K,) inf. n. إِضْعَافٌ; (S, Msb;) all signify the same; (S, K;) i. e. He doubled it, or made it double, or two-fold; (O, K;) [and trebled it, or made it treble, or three-fold; and redoubled it, or made it several-fold, or manyfold; i. e. multiplied it; for] Kh says, التَّضْعِيفُ signifies the adding to a thing so as to make it double, or two-fold; or more [i. e. treble, or threefold; and several-fold, or many-fold]; (S, O, Msb;) and so الإِضْعَافُ, and المُضَاعَفَةُ; (S, Msb;) and ↓ ضَعَفَهُ, without teshdeed, signifies the same as ضاعفهُ. (Ham p. 257.) The saying, in the Kur [xxxiii. 30], يُضَاعَفْ لَهَا العَذَابُ ضِعْفَيْنِ, (Mgh, O, K,) in which AA read ↓ يُضَعَّفْ, (TA,) accord. to AO, (Mgh, O,) means, The punishment shall be made to her three punishments; (Mgh, O, K;) for, he says, she is to be punished once; and when the punishment is doubled twofold, [or is repeated twice,] the one becomes three: (TA:) he adds, (O,) and the tropical meaning of يُضَاعَفْ (مَجَازُ يُضَاعَفْ [for which مَجازٌ يُضَاعَفُ is erroneously put in the CK]) is two things' being added to a thing so that it becomes three: (O, K:) but Az disapproves this, saying that it is peculiar to the tropical and the common conventional speech, whereas the skilled grammarians state the meaning to be, she shall be punished with twice the like of the punishment of another; (Mgh;) [so that it may be rendered the punishment shall be doubled to her, made two-fold; and in like manner] Ibn-'Arafeh explains it as meaning she shall have two shares of punishment. (O.) فَيُضَاعِفُهُ لَهُ أَضْعَافًا كَثِيرَةً [And He will multiply it to him many-fold, or, as some read, فَيُضَاعِفَهُ that He may multiply it,] is another phrase occurring in the Kur [ii. 246]. (O, TA.) and one says, الثَّوَابَ لِلْقَوْمِ ↓ أَضْعَفْتُ [I doubled, or multiplied, the recompense to the people, or party]. (Msb.) And القَوْمُ ↓ أُضْعِفَ The people, or party, had a doubling, or multiplying, [of their recompense, &c.,] made to them; (Msb;) [and so, app., أَضْعَفُوا; (see مُضْعِفٌ;)] i. q. ضُوعِفَ لَهُمْ. (S, O, K.) 4 اضعفهُ He, (God, Msb, or another, S,) or it, (disease, TA,) rendered him ضَعِيف [i. e. weak, &c.]; (S, O, Msb, K;) as also ↓ ضعّفهُ. (L, TA.) A2: And أَضْعَفَ, said of a man, He became one whose beast was weak. (S, O, K.) A3: See also 3, first sentence, and last two sentences.5 تَضَعَّفَ see 2, in two places.

A2: [تضعّف app. signifies also He manifested weakness: see تضوّر.]6 تضاعف signifies صَارَ ضِعْفَ مَا كَانَ [i. e. It became double, or two-fold; and treble, or threefold; and several-fold, or many-fold]. (O, K.) 10 إِسْتَضْعَفَ see 2, in two places.

ضَعْفٌ an inf. n. of 1, like ↓ ضُعْفٌ, (S, * O, * Msb, K,) [both, when used as simple substs., signifying Weakness, feebleness, &c.,] but some say that the former is in the judgment or opinion, and the latter in the body; (O, Msb, K;) and ↓ ضَعَفٌ signifies the same, (IAar, K, TA,) and is in the body and also in the judgment or opinion and the intellect. (TA.) b2: ضَعْفُ التَّأْلِيفِ [Weakness of construction, in language,] is such a construction of the members of a sentence as is contrary to the [generally approved] rules of syntax; as when a pronoun is introduced before its noun with respect to the actual order of the words and the order of the sense [in a case in which the pronoun is affixed to the agent in a verbal proposition]; for instance, in the phrase, ضَرَبَ غُلَامُهُ زَيْدًا [“ His,” i. e. Zeyd's, “young man beat Zeyd ”]. (KT.) When the pronoun is affixed to the objective complement, as in خَافَ رَبَّهُ عُمَرُ [“ 'Omar feared his Lord ”] such introduction of it is common: (I'Ak p. 128:) and it is [universally] allowable when the pronoun is of the kind called ضَمِيرُ الشَّأْنِ, as in إِنَّهُ زَيْدٌ قَائِمٌ; or ضَمِيرُ رُبَّ, as in رُبَّهُ رَجُلًا لَقِيتُهُ; or ضَمِيرُ نِعْمَ, as in نِعْمَهُ رَجُلًا زَيْدٌ. (Kull p. 56.) b3: [In the CK, a signification belonging to ضُعْف is assigned to ضَعْف.]

ضُعْفٌ: see ضَعْفٌ. b2: مِنْ ضُعْفٍ in the Kur xxx. 53 means Of sperm. (O, K, TA.) AA, reciting before the Prophet, said مِنْ ضَعْفٍ; and was told by the latter to say من ضُعْفٍ, [i. e.] with damm. (TA.) ضِعْفُ الشَّىْءِ signifies The like of the thing, (AO, Zj, S, O, Msb, K, TA,) that doubles it (يُضْعِفُهُ); (Zj, TA;) and ضِعْفَاهُ, twice the like of it; (AO, S, O, Msb, K;) and أَضْعَافُهُ, the likes of it: (S, Msb:) الضِّعْفُ in the [proper] language of the Arabs means the like: this is the original signification: (Az, Msb:) and (K, TA, but in CK “ or,”) then, by a later [and conventional] usage, (Az, Msb,) the like and more, the addition being unlimited: (Az, Msb, K:) one says, هٰذَا ضِعْفُ هٰذَا i. e. This is the like of this: and هٰذَانِ ضِعْفَاهُ i. e. These two are twice the like of it: and it is allowable in the language of the Arabs to say, هٰذَا ضِعْفُهُ meaning This is twice the like [i. e. the double] of it, and thrice the like [i. e. the treble] of it, [and more,] because the ضِعْف is an unlimited addition: (Az, Msb: [and the like is said in the O, on the authority of Az:]) and one says, لَكَ ضِعْفُهُ meaning Thou shalt have twice the like of it, (Zj, O, K,) using the sing. form, though the dual form is better, (Zj, O,) and meaning also thrice the like of it, and more without limit: (K:) and الاِثْنَانِ ضِعْفُ الوَاحِدِ [i. e. الاثنان is the double of الواحد]: (M and K in art. ثنى:) and if one say in his will, أَعْطُوهُ ضِعْفَ نَصِيبِ وَلَدِى, twice the like of the share of his child is given to him; and if he say ضِعْفَيْهِ, thrice the like thereof is given to him; so that if the share of the son be a hundred, he [the legatee] is given two hundred in the former case, and three hundred in the latter case; for the will is made to accord with the common conventional language, not with the niceties of the [proper] language: (Az, Msb: [and the like is said, but less fully, in the Mgh:]) the pl. is أَضْعَافٌ only. (TA.) إِذًا لَأَذَقْنَاكَ ضِعْفَ الحَيَاةِ وَضِعْفَ المَمَاتِ, in the Kur [xvii. 77], means ضِعْفَ العَذَابِ حَيًّا وَمَيِّتًا, (S,) or ضِعْفَ عَذَابِ الحَيَاةِ وَضِعْفَ عَذَابِ المُمَاتِ, (O, Jel,) i. e. [In that case we would assuredly have made thee to taste] the like [or, as some explain it, the double] of the punishment of others in the present world and [the like or the double thereof] in the world to come: (Jel:) [Sgh adds, app. on the authority of Ibn-'Arafeh,] the meaning is, the punishment of others should be made two-fold, or more, (يُضَاعَف,) to thee, because thou art a prophet. (O.) In the saying, فَأُولَائِكَ لَهُمْ جَزَآءُ الضِّعْفِ بِمَا عَمِلُوا, in the Kur [xxxiv. 36], by الضِّعْفِ is meant الأضْعَافِ [i. e. For these shall be the recompense of the likes for what they have done]; and it is most properly held to denote ten of the likes thereof, because of the saying in the Kur [vi. 161], “Whoso doth that which is good, for him shall be ten of the likes thereof. ” (O.) In the saying, فَآتِهِمْ عَذَابًا ضِعْفًا, in the Kur [vii. 36], by ضِعْفًا is meant مُضَاعَفًا [i. e. Therefore do Thou recompense them with a doubled, or a double, punishment]: عَذَابٌ ضِعْفٌ meaning a punishment as though doubled, one part of it upon another. (TA.) b2: أَضْعَافُ الكِتَابِ means (tropical:) The interspaces of the lines, (S, O, K, TA,) or of the margin, (S, O,) or and of the margins, (K, TA,) of the writing, or book: (S, O, K, TA:) so in the saying, وَقَّعَ فُلَانٌ فِى أَضْعَافِ كِتَابِهِ (tropical:) [Such a one made an entry of a note or postil or the like, or entries of notes &c., in the interspaces of the lines, &c., of his writing, or book]: (S, O, TA:) and ↓ تَضَاعِيفُ الكِتَابِ signifies the same as أَضْعَافُهُ. (TA.) b3: And أَضْعَافُ الجَسَدِ (assumed tropical:) The limbs, members, or organs, (أَعْضَآء,) of the body: (O, K:) or the bones thereof: (AA, K:) or the bones thereof having flesh upon them: (TA:) sing. ضِعْفٌ. (K.) Hence the saying of Ru-beh, وَاللّٰهُ بَيْنَ القَلْبِ وَالأَضْعَافِ (assumed tropical:) [And God is between the heart and the limbs, &c.]. (TA.) And it is said of Yoonus, [the prophet Jonah,] كَانَ فِى أَضْعَافِ الحُوتِ (tropical:) [He was amid the members of the fish]. (TA.) ضَعَفٌ: see ضَعْفٌ.

A2: Also Garments, or pieces of cloth, made double (↓ مُضَعًّفَةٌ). (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K.) ضَعْفَةٌ Weakness of heart, and littleness of intel-ligence. (TA.) ضَعَفَةٌ A party, or company, or small company, (شِرْذِمَةٌ,) of the Arabs. (TA.) b2: Also a pl. of ضَعِيفٌ [q. v.]. (S &c.) ضَعْفَانُ: see ضَعِيفٌ.

ضَعُوفٌ: see the next paragraph, in two places.

ضَعِيفٌ (S, O, Msb, K) and [in an intensive sense] ↓ ضَعُوفٌ (Ibn-Buzurj, O, K) and ↓ ضَعْفَانُ (K) Weak, feeble, faint, frail, infirm, or unsound: (S, * O, * Msb, K: *) pl. (of the first, S, O, Msb) ضِعَافٌ and ضُعَفَآءُ and ضَعَفَةٌ, (S, O, Msb, K,) which last is [said to be] the only instance of its kind except خَبَثَةٌ pl. of خَبِيثٌ [q. v.], (TA,) and ضَعْفَى, like جَرْحَى pl. of جَرِيحٌ: (Msb:) fem. ↓ ضَعُوفٌ (Ibn-Burzurj, O, K) and ضَعِيفَةٌ; pl., applied to women, ضَعِيفَاتٌ (K) and ضَعَائِفُ and ضِعَافٌ. (TA.) وَخُلِقَ الْإِنْسَانُ ضَعِيفًا (in the Kur [iv. 32], O) means [For man was created weak, or] subject to be inclined by his desire. (O, L, K.) and الضَّعِيفَانِ [The two weak ones] means the woman and the slave: hence the trad., اِتَّقُوا اللّٰهَ فِى

الضَّعِيفَيْنِ [Fear ye God in respect of the woman and the slave]. (TA.) b2: In the dial. of Himyer, Blind: and [it is said that] thus it signifies in the phrase لَنَرَاكَ فِينَا ضَعِيفًا [Verily we see thee to be, among us, blind], (O, K,) in the Kur [xi. 93]: (O:) but Esh-Shiháb rejects this, in the 'Inayeh. (TA.) b3: [As a conventional term] in lexicology, applied to a word, [Of weak authority;] inferior to what is termed فَصِيحٌ, but superior to what is termed مُنْكَرٌ. (Mz, 10th نوع.) b4: Applied to verse, or poetry, [Weak;] unsound, or infirm; syn. عَلِيلٌ: thus used by Kh. (TA.) b5: The saying of a man who had found a thing dropped on the ground (وَجَدَ لُقَطَةً), فَعَرَّفْتُهَا ضَعِيفًا, means And I made it known in a suppressed, or low, [or weak,] voice. (Mgh in art. نفر.) ضَاعِفٌ A cow having a young one in her belly; (IDrd, O;) as though she were made double thereby: (TA:) but IDrd says that this is not of high authority. (O.) تَضْعِيفٌ inf. n. of 2. (S &c.) b2: تَضَاعِيفُ الشَّىْءِ means The doubles, or trebles, or multiples, of the thing; (مَا ضُعِّفَ مِنْهُ;) in this sense, تضاعيف has no sing., like تَبَاشِيرُ &c. (TA.) b3: تَضَاعِيفُ الكِتَابِ: see ضِعْف, near the end. b4: As expl. by Lth, (O,) التَّضْعِيفُ signifies حُمْلَانُ الكِيمِيَآءِ [i. e. What is used as an alloy in chemistry or alchymy]. (O, K.) مُضْعِفٌ A man whose beast, (S, K, and Mgh in art. كفأ,) or whose camel, (O,) is weak, (S, Mgh, O, K,) or untractable. (O.) Hence the saying of ' Omar, المُضْعِفُ أَمِيرٌ عَلَى أَصْحَابِهِ [He whose beast is weak, or untractable, is ruler over his companions]; (O, K;) i. e. in journeying; (O;) because they go his pace. (O, K.) And the saying, in a trad., يَرُدُّ مُشِدُّهُمْ عَلَى مُضْعِفِهِمْ [expl. in art. شد]. (Mgh in art. كفأ.) A2: فَأُولَائِكَ هُمُ الْمُضْعِفُونَ, in the Kur [xxx. 38], means These are they who shall have their recompense doubled, or multiplied: (Az, Bd, TA:) or those who double, or multiply, their recompense (Bd, Jel) and their possessions, (Bd,) by the blessing of their almsgiving: (Bd, Jel: *) but some read المُضْعَفُونَ. (Bd.) b2: المُضْعِفُ also signifies مَنْ فَشَتْ ضَيْعَتُهُ وَكَثُرَتْ [He whose property has become wide-spread and abundant]. (Ibn-' Abbád, O, L, K.) أَرْضٌ مُضَعَّفَةٌ Land upon which a weak rain has fallen: (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K:) and [in like manner] ↓ مَضْعُوفٌ signifies a place upon which has fallen only a little, or weak, rain. (O in art. رك.) b2: المُضَعَّفُ One of the arrows used in the game of المُيْسِر, that has no share, or portion, allotted to it; as though it were disabled from having a share (عَنْ أَنْ يَكُونَ لَهُ نَصِيبٌ ↓ كَأَنَّهُ ضُعِّفَ): (TA:) the second of the arrows termed الغُفْلُ, that have no notches, and to which is assigned [no portion and] no fine: these being added only to give additional weight to the collection of arrows from fear of occasioning suspicion [of foul play]. (Lh, M.) [See السَّفِيحُ.]

A2: See also ضَعَفٌ.

مُضَعِّفٌ A man having manifold good deeds. (TA.) مَضْعُوفٌ, applied to a thing, (S,) or to a man, (O,) Rendered ضَعِيف [i. e. weak, &c.]: (AA, S, O, K:) by rule it should be مُضْعَفٌ. (O, K.) A man weak in intellect: (IAar, TA:) or weakhearted and having little intellect. (TA.) b2: See also أَرْضٌ مُضَعَّفَةٌ, above.

دِرْعٌ مُضَاعَفَةٌ A coat of mail composed of double rings. (S, O, K.) b2: مُضَاعَفٌ as a conventional term used by those who treat of inflection, Having a [radical] letter doubled. (TA.) أَهْلُ الجَنَّةِ كُلُّ ضَعِيفٍ مُتَضَعَّفٍ [The meet for Paradise is every weak person who is esteemed weak]. (K, * TA. [In the CK, erroneously, مُتَضَعِّفٌ: and in the K, اهل الجنّة is omitted.])

جلس

1 جَلَسَ, (S, A, Msb, K,) aor. ـِ (A, K,) inf. n. جُلُوسٌ (S, A, Msb, K) and ↓ مَجْلَسٌ, (S, A, K,) He placed his seat, or posteriors, upon rugged [or rather elevated] ground, such as is termed جَلْسٌ: this is the primary signification: (TA:) [and hence,] He sat; i. q. قَعَدَ [when the latter is used in its largest sense]: (Msb, and so S and L and A and K in art. قعد:) you say, جَلَسَ مُتَرَبِّعًا and قَعَدَ مُتَرَبِّعًا [He sat cross-legged]: (Msb:) accord. to El-Fárábee and others, contr. of قَامَ; and thus it has a more common application than قَعَدَ [when the latter is used in its most proper and restricted sense]: (Msb:) but قَعَدَ also signifies the contr. of قَامَ: ('Orweh Ibn-Zubeyr, L in art. قعد:) properly speaking, جَلَسَ differs from قَعَدَ; the former signifying he sat up; or sat after sleeping, or prostration, (Msb,) or after lying on his side; (B, TA;) and the latter, he sat down; or sat after standing: (Msb, B, TA: and see other authorities to the same effect in art. قعد:) for جُلُوسٌ is a change of place from low to high, and قُعُودٌ is a change of place from high to low: and one says, جَلَسَ مُتَّكِئًا, but not قَعَدَ مُتَّكِئًا, meaning [He sat] leaning, or reclining, upon one side: (Msb:) but both these verbs sometimes signify he was, or became: and thus, [it is said,] جَلَسَ مُتَرَبِّعًا and فَعَدَ مُتَرَبِّعًا signify he was, or became, cross-legged: and جَلَسَ بَيْنَ شُعَبِهَا الأَرْبَعِ in like manner signifies he was, or became, [between her four limbs,] (El-Fárábee, Msb,) because the man, in this case, is resting upon his own four limbs. (Msb.) [جَلَسَ مَعَهُ and جَلَسَ إِلَيْهِ, like خَلَا معه and خلا اليه, signify the same; i. e. He sat with him: or the latter, he sat by him; like “ assedit ei. ”] An instance of the inf. n. مَجْلَسٌ is found in a trad., in which it is said, فَإِذَا أَتَيْتُمْ إِلَى المَجْلِسِ فَأَعْطُوا الطَّرِيقَ حَقَّهُ [But when ye come to sitting, perform ye the duties relating to the road]. (TA.) [The trad. commences thus: إِيَّاكُمْ وَالجُلُوسَ عَلَى الطُّرُقَاتِ Beware ye of sitting on the roads: and then, after the words before cited, (in which, however, in my copy of the Jámi' es-Sagheer, instead of المجلس, I find المَجَالِسِ, which is pl. of المَجْلِسُ,) it is added that the duties thus alluded to are the lowering of the eyes, the putting away or aside what is hurtful or annoying, the returning of salutations, the enjoining of that which is good, and the forbidding of that which is evil.] b2: جَلَسَتِ الرَّخَمَةُ (tropical:) The aquiline vulture lay upon its breast on the ground; syn. جَثَمَت: a saying applied to him who is of the seceders. (A, TA.) [See also قَعَدَ.] b3: جَلَسَ also signifies (assumed tropical:) It (a thing, as, for instance, a plant,) remained, or continued. (AHn, TA.) b4: Also, (aor.

جَلِسَ, inf. n. جَلْسٌ, TA,) He came to الجَلْس, (TA,) or [the high country called] Nejd: (T, S, A, TA:) and in like manner said of a cloud; it came to Nejd. (TA.) 3 جالسهُ, inf. n. مُجَالَسَةٌ and جِلَاسٌ, [He sat with him.] (TA.) You say, لَا تُجَالِسْ مَنْ لَا تُجَانِسْ [Sit not with him with whom thou wilt not be congenial]. (A, TA.) And كَرِيمُ النِّحَاسِ طَيِّيبُ الجِلَاسِ [Generous in origin, or disposition; pleasant to sit with;] is said of a man. (TA.) 4 اجلسهُ [He seated him; made him to sit: or he made him to sit up]: (S, K, TA:) he gave him place, or settled him, (مَكَّنَهُ,) in sitting. (TA.) 6 تجاسلوا [They sat together; one with another;] (S, A, TA;) فِى المَجَالِسِ [in the sittingplaces]. (S.) 10 استجلسهُ [He asked him, or desired him, to sit: or to sit up.]. You say, رَآنِى قَائِمًا فَاسْتَجْلَسَنِى

[He saw me standing, and he asked me, or desired me, to sit]: (A, TA:) but this is at variance with what we have mentioned in the beginning of the art., respecting the distinction [between جَلَسَ and قَعَدَ]. (TA.) جَلْسٌ Rugged ground or land: (S, K:) this is the primary signification. (TA.) b2: [Also, app., Elevated ground or land:] a place elevated and hard: or, as some say, a tract of land extending widely. (Ham p. 688.) b3: [And hence,] الجَلْسُ What is elevated above the غَوْر [or low country]: (TA:) applied especially to the country of Nejd. (T, S, M, K.) A2: [Persons sitting: or sitting up:] a quasi-pl. n., accord. to Sb, or a pl., accord. to Akh, of ↓ جَالِسٌ: said to be used as sing. and pl. and fem. and masc.; but this assertion is of no account: (ISd, L:) or the people of a مَجْلِس: (Lh, ISd, L, K:) [↓ جُلُوسٌ is also a pl. of ↓ جَالِسٌ; like as بُكِىٌّ, originally بُكُوىٌ, is of بَاكِ: or it is an inf. n. used as an epithet: see جَاثٍ:)] you say قَوْمٌ جُلُوسٌ [a company of men sitting: or sitting up]. (S.) [See also مَجْلِسٌ.] b2: Also A woman who sits in the فِنَآء [or court of the house], not quitting it: (K:) or she who is of noble rank (K, TA) among her people. (TA.) جِلْسٌ: see جَلِيسٌ, in two places.

جَلْسَةٌ A single sitting: or sitting up. (Msb.) جِلْسَةٌ A mode or manner, (TA,) kind, (Msb,) or state, (S, A, Msb,) of sitting: or of sitting up. (S, * A, * Msb, K. *) You say, هُوَ حَسَنُ الجِلْسَةِ [He has a good mode, &c., of sitting]. (A, Msb, K.) جُلَسَةٌ A man (S) who sits much; sedentary. (S, K.) جُلُوسٌ: see جَلْسٌ.

جَلِيسٌ (S, A, Msb, K) and ↓ جِلِّيسٌ (TA, as found in a copy of the K, [but this is an intensive form,]) and ↓ جِلْسٌ (S, A, K) A companion with whom one sits: (A, Msb, K:) fem. of the first with ة: (TA:) and pl. [of the same] جُلَسَآءُ (A, K) and [irreg., being by rule pl. of جَالِسٌ,] جُلَّاسٌ. (K.) You say, ↓ هُوَ جِلْسِى and جَلِيسِى [He is my companion with whom I sit]; like as you say, هُوَ خِدْنِى and خَدِينِى. (S.) جِلِّيسٌ: see جَلِيسٌ.

جَالِسٌ: see جَلْسٌ, in two places. b2: Also A man, and a cloud, coming to [the high country called] Nejd. (TA.) You say, رَأَيْتُهُمْ يَعْدُونَ جَالِسِينَ I saw them running, coming to Nejd. (A, TA.) مَجْلَسٌ: see 1: b2: and see مَجْلِسٌ.

مَجْلِسٌ A sitting-place; (S, Msb, K;) as also ↓ with ة; (Fr, Lh, Sgh, K;) similar to مَكَانٌ and مَكَانَةٌ: (Sgh, TA:) [a place where persons sit together and converse; a sitting-room:] a thing upon which one sits: (MF:) some make a strange distinction between مَجْلِسٌ and ↓ مَجْلَسٌ, asserting the former to be applied to the chamber or house (بَيْت) [in which people sit]; and the latter, to a place of honour upon which it is forbidden to sit without permission; but the former is the only correct form of the two: (MF, TA:) pl. مَجَالِسُ. (S, Msb.) You say, اُرْزُنْ فِى مَجْلِسِكَ and ↓ مَجْلِسَتِكَ [Be thou grave] in thy sitting-place. (Fr, Sgh.) b2: (tropical:) The people of a مَجْلِس; (Msb, TA;) elliptical, for أَهْلُ مَجْلِسٍ: (TA:) an assembly, or a company of men, sitting [together]: (Th, TA:) not well explained as being, with the article ال, syn. with النَّاسُ: (TA:) persons sitting, or sitting up. (A, TA.) [See also جَلْسٌ.] You say, اِنْفَضَّ المَجْلِسُ (assumed tropical:) [The assembly of persons sitting together broke up]. (Msb.) And رَأَيْتُهُمْ مَجْلِسًا I saw them sitting. (A, TA.) b3: (assumed tropical:) An oration or a discourse, or an exhortation, (خُطْبَةٌ أَوْ عِظَةٌ,) delivered in a مَجْلِس; like مَقَامَةٌ. (Mtr, in the Preface to Har.) b4: It is also used in the same manner as حَضْرَة and جَنَاب: you say مَجْلِسُ فُلَانٍ

[meaning (assumed tropical:) The object of resort, with whom others sit and converse, such a one]; like حَضْرَةُ فُلَانٍ. (Kull p. 146.) [See arts. حضر and جنب. But this usage I believe to be post-classical.] b5: [Also (assumed tropical:) A stool; meaning, an evacuation. So in medical books.]

مَجْلِسَةٌ: see مَجْلِسٌ, in two places.