حور

1 حَارَ, aor. ـُ (S,) inf. n. حَوْرٌ and حُؤُورٌ (S, K) and حُورٌ, a contraction of the form next preceding, used in poetry, in case of necessity, (TA,) and مَحَارٌ (S, K) and مَــحَارَةٌ (K) and حَوْرَةٌ, (TA,) He, or it, returned, (S, L, K,) إِلَى شَىْءٍ

to a thing, and عَنْهُ from it. (L.) b2: [Hence,] حار عَلَيْهِ It (a false imputation) returned to him [who was its author; or recoiled upon him]. (TA, from a trad.) b3: And حَارَتِ الغُصَّةُ The thing sticking in the throat, and choking, descended; as though it returned from its place. (TA.) b4: [And حار, inf. n. حَوْرٌ and حُورٌ, He returned from a good state to a bad.] You say, حار بَعْدَ مَا كَانَ (TA on the authority of 'Ásim, and so in a copy of the S,) He returned from a good state after he had been in that state: (A 'Obeyd, S, * TA:) so says 'Asim: (TA:) or حار بعد ما كَارَ (TA, and so in copies of the S,) He became in a state of defectiveness after he had been in a state of redundance: (TA:) or it is from حار, inf. n. حَوْرٌ, He untwisted his turban: (Zj, TA:) and means (assumed tropical:) He became in a bad state of affairs after he had been in a good state. (TA. [See حَوْرٌ, below.]) b5: حَارَ وَبَارَ He became in a defective and bad state. (TA. [Here بار is an imitative sequent; (see حَائِرٌ;) as is also يَبُورُ in a phrase mentioned below.]) b6: حار, aor. as above, (Msb,) inf n.

حَوْرٌ (S, A, Msb, K) and حُورٌ (S, A, K) and مَــحَارَةٌ (S) and مَحَارٌ, (M and TA in art. اول,) It decreased, or became defective or deficient. (S, * A, * Msb, K. * [See also حَوْرٌ, below.]) b7: Also, inf. n. حَوْرٌ (TA) and حُورٌ, (S, K,) He perished, or died. (S, * K, * TA.) b8: Also, aor. ـُ inf. n. حَوْرٌ, He, or it, became changed from one state, or condition, into another: and it became converted into another thing. (TA.) b9: مَا يَحُورُ فُلَانٌ وَلَا يَبُورُ Such a one does not increase nor become augmented [in his substance] (Ibn-Háni, K *) is said when a person's being afflicted with smallness of increase is confirmed. (Ibn-Háni, TA.) A2: حار, (TK,) inf. n. حَوْرٌ, (K,) He was, or became, confounded, or perplexed, and unable to see his right course; syn. تَحَيَّرَ. (K, * TK.) [See also art. حير.]

A3: See also 2.

A4: حَوِرَ, aor. ـَ inf. n. حَوَرٌ; (K;) and حَوِرَتْ, aor. and inf. n. as above; (Msb;) and ↓ احوّر, (K,) inf. n. اِحْوِرَارٌ; (TA;) and احوّرت; (S, K; *) He, (a man, K, TA,) and it, (an eye, S, Msb, K, * TA,) was, or became, characterized by the quality termed حَوَرٌ as explained below. (S, Msb, K, TA.) 2 حوّرهُ, inf. n. تَحْوِيرٌ, He made him, or it, to return. (Zj, K.) b2: He (God) denied him, or prohibited him from attaining, what he desired, or sought; disappointed him; frustrated his endeavour, or hope; (K, TA;) and caused him to return to a state of defectiveness. (TA.) A2: حوّر, inf. n. as above, He whitened clothes, or garments, (S, Msb,) and wheat, or food: (S:) and ↓ حار, (K,) aor. ـُ inf. n. حَوْرٌ, (TA,) he washed and whitened a garment, or piece of cloth; (K;) but حوّر is better known in this sense. (TA.) b2: حوّر عَيْنَ البَعِيرِ, (inf. n. as above, TA,) He burned a mark round the eye of the camel with a circular cauterizing-instrument, (S, K, *) on account of a disorder: because the place becomes white. (TA.) A3: [He prepared skins such as are called حَوَرٌ: a meaning indicated, but not expressed, in the TA. b2: And app. He lined a boot with such skin: see مُحَوَّرٌ.]

A4: Also, (inf. n. as above, TA,) He prepared a lump of dough, and made it round, (S, K,) with a مِحْوَر, (TA,) to put it into the hole containing hot ashes in which it was to be baked: (S, K:) he made it round with a مِحْوَر. (A.) 3 حاورهُ, (A, Mgh, Msb,) and حاورهُ الكَلَامَ, (TA in art. رجع, &c.,) inf. n. مُحَاوَرَةٌ (S, Mgh, K) and حِوَارٌ, (A, Mgh,) He returned him answer for answer, or answers for answers; held a dialogue, colloquy, conference, disputation, or debate, with him; or bandied words with him; syn. جَاوَبَهُ, (S, and Jel in xviii. 35,) and رَاجَعَهُ الكَلَامَ, (A, Mgh, Msb,) or رَاجَعَهُ فِى الكَلَامِ, (Bd in xviii. 32,) or, of the inf. n., مُرَاجَعَةُ النُّطْقِ. (K.) And حاورهُ He vied, or competed, with him, or contended with him for superiority, in glorying, or boasting, or the like; syn. فَاخَرَهُ. (Jel. in xviii. 32.) 4 احار [He returned a thing]. You say, طَحَنَتْ فَمَا أَحَارَتْ شَيْئًا She ground, and did not return (مَا رَدَّتْ) anything of the flour [app. for the loan of the hand-mill: see حُورٌ, below]. (S, K.) b2: احار الغُصَّةَ He swallowed the thing sticking in his throat and choking him; [as though he returned it from its place: see 1: see also 4 in art. حير: and see an ex. voce إِــحَارَةٌ.] (TA.) And فُلَانٌ سَرِيعُ الإِــحَارَةِ Such a one is quick in swallowing: [said to be] from what next follows. (Meyd, TA.) b3: احار, (S, K, &c.,) inf. n. إِــحَارَةٌ, (TA,) He returned an answer, or a reply. (Msb, TA.) You say, كَلَّمْتُهُ فَمَا أَحَارَ إِلَىَّ جَوَابًا I spoke to him, and he did not return to me an answer, or a reply. (S, A, * Msb, * K, *) And in like manner, مَا أَحَارَ بِكَلِمَةِ [He did not return a word in answer, or in reply]. (TA.) A2: احارت She (a camel) had a young one such as is called حُوَار. (K.) 6 تحاوروا, (Msb, K, &c.,) inf. n. تَحَاوُرٌ, (S, K,) They returned one another answer for answer, or answers for answers; held a dialogue, colloquy, conference, disputation, or debate, one with another; or bandied words, one with another; syn. تَجَاوَبُوا, (S, K,) and تَرَاجَعُوا, (Jel in lviii. & ا,) or تَرَاجَعُوا الكَلَامَ, (Msb, K,) or تَرَاجَعُوا فِى الكَلَامِ. (Bd in lviii. 1.) [And They vied, or competed, or contended for superiority, one with another, in glorying, or boasting, or the like: see 3.]9 احوّر, (S, K, &c.,) inf. n. اِحْوِرَارٌ, (K,) It (a thing, S, Msb, and the body, TA, and the part around the eye, A, and bread, S, or some other thing, TA) was, or became, white. (S, A, Msb, K.) b2: See also 1, last sentence.10 استحارهُ He desired him to speak [or to return an answer or a reply; he interrogated him]. (S, K.) And استحار الدَّارَ He desired the house to speak [to him; he interrogated the house; as a lover does in addressing the house in which the object of his love has dwelt]. (IAar.) حَوْرٌ inf. n. of حَارَ. (S, A, Msb, K.) [Hence,] نَعُوذُ بِاللّٰهِ مِنَ الحَوْرِ بَعْدَ الكَوْنِ, (TA on the authority of 'Ásim, and so in a copy of the S,) a trad., (TA,) meaning We have recourse to God for preservation from decrease, or defectiveness, after increase, or redundance: (S:) or مِنَ الحَوْرِ بَعْدَ الكَوْرِ, (TA, and so in copies of the S,) meaning as above: (S, TA:) or (assumed tropical:) from a bad state of affairs after a good state; from حَوْرٌ signifying the “ untwisting ” a turban: (TA:) or from returning and departing from the community [of the faithful] after having been therein; [from حَارَ “ he untwisted ” his turban, and] from كَارَ “ he twisted ” his turban upon his head. (Zj, TA. [See also كَوْرٌ.]) ↓ فِى مَــحَارَةٍ ↓ حُورٌ, (S, K,) and حَوْرٌ, (K,) Deficiency upon deficiency, (S, K,) and return upon return, (TA,) is a prov., applied to him whose good fortune is retiring; (S, K;) or to him who is not in a good state; or to him who has been in a good state and has become in a bad state: (K:) or the saying is, ↓ فُلَانٌ حَوْرٌ فِى مَــحَارَةٍ [Such a one is suffering deficiency upon deficiency: حَوْرٌ being used in the sense of حَائِرٌ, like بَوْرٌ in the sense of بَائِرٌ]: so heard by IAar; and said by him to be applied in the case of a thing not in a good state; or to him who has been in a good state and has become in a bad state. (TA.) One says also, البَاطِلُ فِى

حَوْرٍ What is false, or vain, is waning and retreating. (TA.) And وَبُورٍ ↓ إِنَّهُ فِى حُورٍ, (K,) or حُورٍ بُورٍ, (K in art. حير,) Verily he is engaged in that which is not a skilful nor a good work or performance: (فِى غَيْرِ صَنْعَةٍ وَلَا إِجَادَةٍ: so in the L: in the K, for احادة is put إِتَاوَةٍ [which is evidently a mistake]: TA:) or he is in a bad state, and a state of perdition: (TA in art. حير:) or in error. (K. [See also بُورٌ: and see بَائِرٌ, in art. بور; where it is implied that بور is here an imitative sequent of حور.]) And ذَهَبَ فُلَانٌ فِى

وَالبَوَارُ ↓ الحَوَارِ Such a one went away in a defective and bad state. (L, TA.) b2: See also حَوِيرٌ.

A2: What is beneath the [part called] كَوْرٌ of a turban. (K.) A3: The bottom of a well or the like. (K.) b2: Hence, (TA,) هُوَ بَعِيدُ الحَوْرِ (assumed tropical:) He is intelligent; (K;) deep in penetration. (TA.) حُورٌ: see حَوْرٌ, in two places.

A2: Also [app. A return of flour for the loan of a hand-mill; like عُقْبَةٌ (a subst. from أَعْقَبَ) signifying some broth which is returned with a borrowed cooking-pot:] a subst. from احارت in the phrase طَحَنَتْ فَمَا

أَحَارَتْ شَيْئًا [q. v. suprà]. (S, K.) حَوَرٌ Intense whiteness of the white of the eye and intense blackness of the black thereof, (S, Msb, K,) with intense whiteness, or fairness, of the rest of the person: (K:) or intense whiteness of the white of the eye and intense blackness of the black thereof, with roundness of the black, and thinness of the eyelids, and whiteness, or fairness, of the parts around them: (K:) or blackness of the whole [of what appears] of the eye, as in the eyes of gazelles (AA, S, Msb, K) and of bulls and cows: (AA, S:) and this is not found in human beings, but is attributed to them by way of comparison: (AA, S, Msb, K:) As says, I know not what is الحَوَرُ in the eye. (S.) b2: Also [simply] Whiteness. (A.) A2: Red skins, with which [baskets of the kind called] سِلَال are covered: (S, K:) [a coll. gen. n.:] n. un. with ة: (S:) pl. حُورَانٌ: (K, TA: in the CK حَوَرانٌ:) or (so in the TA, but in the K “ and ”) a hide dyed red: (K, TA:) or red skins, not [such as are termed] قَرَظِيَّة: pl. أَحْوَارٌ: (AHn:) or skins tanned without قَرَظ: or thin white skins, of which [receptacles of the kind called] أَسْفَاط are made: or prepared sheep-skins. (TA.) [In the present day, pronounced حَوْر, applied to Sheep-skin leather.]

A3: A certain kind of tree: the people of Syria apply the name of حَوْرٌ to the plane-tree (دُلْب); but it is حَوَرٌ, with two fet-hahs: in the account of simples in the Kánoon [of Ibn-Seenà], it is said to be a certain tree of which the gum is called كهرباء: (Mgh:) [by the modern Egyptians (pronounced حَوْر) applied to the white poplar:] a certain kind of wood, called البَيْضَآءُ, (K,) because of its whiteness. (TA.) A4: الحَوَرُ The third star, [e,] that next the body, of the three in the tail of Ursa Major. (Mir-át ez-Zemán, &c. [In the K it is incorrectly said to be the third star of بَنَاتُ نَعْشٍ الصُّغْرَى. See القَائِدُ, in art. قود.]) حَارَةٌ [A quarter of a city or town; generally consisting of several narrow streets, or lanes, of houses, and having but one general entrance, with a gate, which is closed at night; or, which is the case in some instances, having a by-street passing through it, with a gate at each end:] a place of abode of a people, whereof the houses are contiguous: (Msb:) any place of abode of a people whereof the houses are near [together]: (K in art. حير:) a spacious encompassed tract or place; syn. مُسْتَدَارٌ مِنْ فَضَآءٍ: (A:) pl. حَارَاتٌ. (A, Msb.) حِيرَةٌ: see حَوِيرٌ.

حَوْرَآءُ fem. of أَحْوَرُ [q. v.]. b2: Also A round, or circular, burn, made with a hot iron; (K;) [around the eye of a camel; (see 2;)] so called because its place becomes white. (TA.) حَوَرْوَرَةٌ: see حَوَارِيَّةٌ, under حَوَارِىٌّ.

حَوَارٌ: see حَوِيرٌ: A2: and see حَوْرٌ.

حُوَارٌ, (S, K, &c.,) and sometimes with kesr [↓ حِوَارٌ], (K,) but this latter is a bad form, (Yaakoob,) A young camel when just born: (T, K:) or until weaned; (S, K;) i. e. from the time of its birth until big and weaned; (TA;) when it is called فَصِيلٌ: (S:) fem. with ة: (IAar:) pl. (of pauc., S) أَحْوِرَةٌ and (of mult., S) حِيرَانٌ and حُورَانٌ. (S, K.) [Its flesh is insipid: see a verse cited as an ex. of the word مَسِيخٌ.]

b2: [Hence,] عَقْرَبُ الحِيرَانِ The scorpion of winter; because it injures the حُوَار, (K, TA,) i. e. the young camel. (TA.) حِوَارٌ: see حَوِيرٌ: A2: and see also حُوَارٌ.

حَوِيرٌ (S, K,) and ↓ حَوِيرَةٌ, (S, and so in some copies of the K,) or ↓ حُوَيْرَةٌ, (so in other copies of the K and in the TA,) and ↓ حَوَارٌ (S, K) and ↓ حِوَارٌ (K) and ↓ مَحُورَةٌ (S, K, TA, in the CK مَحْوُرَةٌ) and ↓ مَحْوَرَةٌ and ↓ مُحَاوَرَةٌ [originally an inf. n. of 3] and ↓ حِيرَةٌ (K) and ↓ حَوْرٌ, (TA,) An answer; a reply. (S, K.) You say, مَا رَجَعَ إِلَىَّ حَوِيرًا, &c., He did not return to me an answer, or a reply. (S.) [See a verse of Tarafeh cited voce مُجْمِدٌ.]

حَوِيرَةٌ, or حُوَيْرَةٌ: see what next precedes.

حَوَارِىٌّ One who whitens clothes, or garments, by washing and beating them. (S, M, Msb, K.) Hence its pl. حَوَارِيُّونَ is applied to The companions [i. e. apostles and disciples] of Jesus, because their trade was to do this. (S, M, Msb.) [Or it is so applied from its bearing some one or another of the following significations.] b2: One who is freed and cleared from every vice, fault, or defect: [or] one who has been tried, or proved, time after time, and found to be free from vices, faults, or defects; from حَارَ “ he returned. ” (Zj, TA.) b3: A thing that is pure, or unsullied: anything of a pure, or an unsullied, colour: and hence, b4: One who advises, or counsels, or acts, sincerely, honestly, or faithfully: (Sh:) or a friend; or true, or sincere, friend: (TA:) or an assistant: (S, Msb, K:) or a strenuous assistant: (TA:) or an assistant of prophets: (K:) or a particular and select friend and assistant of a prophet: and hence the pl. is applied to the companions of Mohammad also. (Zj.) b5: A relation. (K.) b6: And حَوَارِيَّةٌ A white, or fair, woman; (A;) as also ↓ حَوَرْوَرَةٌ; (T, K;) and so ↓ حَوْرَآءُ, without implying حَوَرٌ of the eye: (TA:) pl. of the first حَوَارِيَّاتٌ: (A:) or this pl. signifies women of the cities or towns; (K;) so called by the Arabs of the desert because of their whiteness, or fairness, and cleanness: (TA:) or women clear in complexion and skin; because of their whiteness, or fairness: (TA:) or women inhabitants of regions, districts, or tracts, of cities, towns, or villages, and of cultivated land: (Ksh and Bd in iii. 45:) or [simply] women; because of their whiteness, or fairness. (S.) حُوَّارَى White, applied to flour: (A, * K:) such is the best and purest of flour: (K, TA:) and in like manner applied to bread: (A:) or whitened, applied to flour; (S;) and, in this latter sense, to any food. (S, K.) [See also سَمِيدٌ: and see مُحَوَّرٌ.]

رَجُلٌ حَائِرٌ بَائِرٌ A man in a defective and bad state: (S, TA:) or perishing, or dying. (S.) [See the same phrase in art. حير: see also حَوْرٌ: and see بَائِرٌ, in art. بور; where it is said that بائر is here an imitative sequent of حائر.]

A2: See also مَــحَارَةٌ.

أَحْوَرُ, (K,) applied to a man, (TA,) Having eyes characterized by the quality termed حَوَرٌ as explained above: (K:) and so حَوْرَآءُ, [the fem.,] applied to a woman: (S, Msb, K: *) pl. حُورٌ. (S, K.) And حُورُ العِينِ, applied to women, Having eyes like those of gazelles and of cows. (AA, S.) Az says that a woman is not termed حَوْرَآء unless Combining حَوَر of the eyes with whiteness, or fairness, of complexion. (TA.) See also حَوَارِيَّةٌ, under حَوَارِىٌّ. b2: طَرْفٌ أَحْوَرُ An eye of pure white and black. (A.) b3: الأَحْوَرُ A certain star: (S, K:) or (K) Jupiter. (S, K.) A2: Also (tropical:) Intellect: (ISk, S, K:) or pure, or clear, intellect; like an eye so termed, of pure white and black. (A.) So in the saying, مَا يَعِيشُ بُأَحْوَرَ (tropical:) [He does not live by intellect: or by pure, or clear, intellect]. (ISk, S, A.) أَحْوَرِىٌّ A man (TA) white, or fair, (S, K,) of the people of the towns or villages. (TA.) [See also حَوَارِىٌّ; of which the fem. is applied in like manner to a woman.]

مَحَارٌ: see مَــحَارَةٌ, in two places.

مِحْوَرٌ The pin of wood, or, as is sometimes the case, of iron, on which the sheave of a pulley turns; (S;) the iron [pin] that unites the bent piece of iron which is on each side of the sheave of a pulley, and in which it [the محور] is inserted, and the sheave itself: and a piece of wood which unites (تَجْمَعُ) the sheave of a large pulley [app. with what is on each side of the latter; for it seems to mean here, also, the pivot]: (K:) some say that it is so called because it turns round, returning to the point from which it departed: others, that it is so called because, by its revolving, it is polished so that it becomes white: (Zj:) pl. مَحَاوِرُ. (A.) One says, قَلِقَتْ مَحَاوِرُهُ, meaning (tropical:) His circumstances, (A,) or affair, or case, (K,) became unsettled: (A, K:) from the state of the pin of the sheave of a pulley when it becomes smooth, and the hole becomes large, so that it wabbles. (A.) b2: Also A thing (K) of iron (TA) upon which turns the tongue of a buckle at the end of a waist-belt. (K.) b3: and An iron instrument for cauterizing [app. of a circular form: see 2]. (K.) b4: And The wooden implement (S, K) of the baker, or maker of bread, (S,) with which he expands the dough, (K,) and prepares it, and makes it round, to put it into the hot ashes in which it is baked: (TA:) so called because of its turning round upon the dough, as being likened to the محور of the sheave of a pulley, and because of its roundness. (T.) مَــحَارَةٌ: see حَوْرٌ, in two places.

A2: Also A place that returns [like a circle]: or in which a return is made [to the point of commencement]. (K.) b2: A mother-of-pearl shell; an oyster-shell: (S, IAth, Msb, K:) or the like thereof, of bone: (S, K:) pl. مَحَاوِرُ and [coll. gen. n.] ↓ مَحَارٌ. (L.) b3: And hence, A thing in which water is collected; as also ↓ حَائِرٌ. (IAth.) b4: [Hence also,] An oyster [itself]; expl. by دَابَّةٌ فِى الصَّدَفَيْنِ. (L in art. محر.) b5: The cavity of the ear; (K;) i. e. the external, deep, and wide, cavity, around the ear-hole; or the صَدَفَة [or concha] of the ear. (TA.) b6: The part of the shoulder-blade called its مَرْجِع [q. v.]: (S, K:) or the small round hollow that is in that part of the shoulder-blade in which the head of the humerus turns. (TA.) b7: The small round cavity of the hip: and the dual signifies the two round heads [?] of the hips, in which the heads of the thighs turn. (TA.) b8: The palate; syn. حَنَكٌ: and without ة, i. e. ↓ مَحَارٌ, the same, of a man: and, this latter, the place, in a beast, where the farrier performs the operation termed تَحْنِيكٌ: (TA:) or the former signifies the upper part of the mouth of a horse, internally: (IAar, TA:) or the inner part of the palate: (Abu-l-' Omeythil, TA:) or, [which seems to be the same,] the portion of the upper part of the mouth which is behind the فِرَاشَة [or فِرَاش]: and the passage of the breath to the innermost parts of the nose: (TA:) or مَــحَارَةُ الحَنَكِ signifies the part [of the palate] which is a little above the place where the farrier performs the operation termed تحنيك. (S.) b9: The part between the frog and the extremity of the fore part of a solid hoof. (Abu-l-' Omeythil, K.) What is beneath the إِطَار [q. v., app. here meaning the اطار of the hoof of a horse or the like]. (TA.) And The مَنْسِم [i. e. toe, or nail, &c.,] of a camel. (TA.) A3: A thing resembling [the kind of vehicle called] a هَوْدَج; (K;) pronounced by the vulgar [مَــحَارَّة,] with teshdeed: pl. مَحَارْاتٌ (TA) [and مَحَائِرُ, which is often applied in the present day to the dorsers, or panniers, or oblong chests, which are borne, one on either side, by a camel, and, with a small tent over them, compose a هودج]: the [ornamented هودج called the]

مَحْمِل [vulgarly pronounced مَحْمَل] of the pilgrims [which is borne by a camel, but without a rider, and is regarded as the royal banner of the caravan; such as is described and figured in my work on the Modern Egyptians]. (Msb.) A4: I. q. خَطٌّ [A line, &c.]. (K.) b2: And i. q. نَاحِيَةٌ [A side, region, quarter, tract, &c.]. (K.) مَحُورَةٌ and مَحْوَرَةٌ: see حَوِيرٌ.

مُحْوَرُّ القِدْرِ The whiteness of the froth, or of the scum, of the cooking-pot. (S.) b2: جَفْنَةٌ مُحْوَرَّةٌ, [in the copies of the K, erroneously, مُحَوَّرَةٌ,] A bowl whitened by [containing] camel's hump, (S, L, K,) or its fat. (A.) مُحَوَّرٌ Dough of which the surface has been moistened with water, so that it is shining. (TA.) [See also 2.] b2: أَعْيُنٌ مُحَوَّرَاتٌ, in a verse of El-'Ajjáj, Eyes of a clear white [in the white parts] and intensely black in the black parts. (S.) A2: A boot lined with skin of the kind called حَوَرٌ. (K.) مُحَوِّرٌ A possessor of [flour, or bread, such as is termed] حُوَّارَى. (TA.) مُحَاوَرَةٌ: see حَوِيرٌ.

سحر

1 سَحَرَهُ He, or it, hit, or hurt, his سَحْر [or lungs, &c.], (Mgh, TA,) or his سُحْرَة [i. e. heart]. (TA.) b2: And the same, aor. ـَ inf. n. سِحْرٌ, (T, TA,) [said to be] the only instance of a pret. and aor. and inf. n. of these measures except the verb فَعَلَ, aor. ـْ inf. n. فِعْلٌ, (MF,) (tropical:) He turned it, (T,) or him, (TA,) عَنْ وَجْهِهِ [from its, or his, course, or way, or manner of being]: and hence other significations here following. (T, TA. [Accord. to the T, this seems to be proper; but accord. to the A, tropical.]) In this sense the verb is used in the Kur xxiii. 91. (Fr.) The Arabs say to a man, مَا سَحَرَكَ عَنْ وَجْهِ كَذَا وَ كَذَا (tropical:) What has turned thee from such and such a course? (Yoo.) أُفِكَ and سُحِرَ are syn. [as meaning (tropical:) He was turned from his course &c.]. (TA.) b3: And (tropical:) He turned him from hatred to love. (TA.) b4: Hence, (TA,) aor. and inf. n. as above, (T, S, TA,) and inf. n. also سَحْرٌ, (KL, TA,) (tropical:) He enchanted, or fascinated, him, or it; (S, * K, * KL, PS;) and so ↓ سحّرهُ (MA, TA) [in an intensive or a frequentative sense, meaning he enchanted, or fascinated, him, or it, much, or (as shown by an explanation of its pass. part. n.) time after time]: and سَحَرَ عَيْنَهُ He enchanted, or fascinated, his eye. (MA.) You say, سَحَرَ الشَّىْءَ عَنْ وَجْهِهِ, meaning (tropical:) He (an enchanter, سَاحِرٌ) apparently turned the thing from its proper manner of being, making what was false to appear in the form of the true, or real; causing the thing to be imagined different from what it really was. (T, TA. [See سِحْرٌ, below.]) And المَرْأَةُ تَسْحَرُ النَّاسَ بِعَيْنِهَا (tropical:) [The woman enchants, or fascinates, men by her eye]. (A.) And سَحَرَهُ بِكَلَامِهِ (assumed tropical:) He caused him, or enticed him, to incline to him by his soft, or elegant, speech, and by the beauty of its composition. (Msb.) b5: (tropical:) He deceived, deluded, beguiled, circumvented, or outwitted, him; (S, Mgh, K; *) as also ↓ سحّرهُ, [but app. in an intensive or a frequentative sense,] (K, TA,) inf. n. تَسْحِيرٌ. (TA. [Accord. to the Mgh, the former verb in this sense seems to be derived from the same verb in the first of the senses expl. in this art.]) b6: and in like manner, (assumed tropical:) He diverted him [with a thing], as one diverts a child with food, that he may be contented, and not want milk; syn. عَلَّلَهُ; as also ↓ سحّرهُ, inf. n. تَسْحِيرٌ. (S, TA.) One says, سَحَرَهُ بِالطَّعَامِ وَ الشَّرَابِ, and ↓ سحّرهُ, (assumed tropical:) He fed him, and diverted him [from the feeling of want], with meat and drink. (TA.) b7: And سَحَرْتُ الفِضَّةَ (assumed tropical:) I gilded the silver. (Ham p. 601.) b8: سِحْرٌ is also syn. with فَسَادٌ [as quasi-inf. n. of أَفْسَدَ, as is indicated in the TA; thus signifying The act of corrupting, marring, spoiling, &c.: see the pass. part. n. مَسْحُورٌ]. (TA.) [Hence,] one says, سَحَرَ المَطَرُ الطِّينَ and التُّرَابَ, (assumed tropical:) The rain spoiled the clay, and the earth, or dust, so that it was not fit for use. (TA.) b9: And one says of the adhesion of the lungs to the side by reason of thirst, يَسْحَرُ أَلْبَانَ الغَنَمِ, meaning (assumed tropical:) It causes the milk of the sheep, or goats, to descend before bringing forth. (TA.) A2: سَحَرَ also signifies He went, or removed, to a distance, or far away; syn. تَبَاعَدَ; (T, K;) said of a man. (T, TA.) A3: سَحِرَ, aor. ـَ (assumed tropical:) He went forth early in the morning, in the first part of the day; or between the time of the prayer of daybreak and sunrise; syn. بَكَّرَ. (O, K. [See also 4.]) 2 سحّر, inf. n. تَسْحِيرٌ: see 1, in four places. b2: Also (tropical:) He fed another, or others, with the food, or meal, called the سَحُور: (M, Mgh, TA:) or سَحَّرَهُمْ signifies he gave to them the meal so called. (Mgh.) 4 اسحر (tropical:) He was, or became, in the time called the سَحَر; (S, A, K;) as also ↓ استحر. (TA.) And (tropical:) He went, or journeyed, in the time so called: (S, K, TA:) or he rose to go, or journey, in that time; and so ↓ استحر: (TA:) or this latter signifies he went forth in that time. (A. [See also 1, last sentence.]) 5 تسحّر (A, Mgh, Msb) and تسحّر السَّحُورَ (Az, TA) (tropical:) He ate the food, or meal, [or drank the draught of milk,] called the سَحُور. (Az, A, Mgh, Msb, TA.) b2: And تسحّر بِهِ (tropical:) He ate it, (S, * K, * TA,) namely, food, or سَوِيق [q. v.], [or drank it, namely, milk,] at the time called the سَحَر. (TA.) 8 استحر: see 4, in two places. b2: Also (assumed tropical:) He (a cock) crowed at the time called the سَحَر: (S, K:) and he (a bird) sang, warbled, or uttered his voice, at that time. (TA.) سَحْرٌ, and ↓ سَحَرٌ, (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) sometimes thus because of the faucial letter, (S,) and ↓ سُحْرٌ, (S, Msb, K,) and, accord. to El-Khafájee, in the 'Ináyeh, ↓ سِحْرٌ, but this is not mentioned by any other, and therefore requires confirmation, (TA,) The lungs, or lights: (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K:) or what adheres to the gullet and the windpipe, of [the contents of] the upper part of the belly: or all that hangs to the gullet, consisting of the heart and liver and lungs: (Msb, TA:) and the part of the exterior of the body corresponding to the place of the lungs: (Mgh, TA: *) and سَحْرٌ signifies also the liver; and the core, or black or inner part, (سَوَاد,) and sides, or regions, of the heart: (TA:) and ↓ سُحْرٌ, the heart; (ElJarmee, K;) as also ↓ سُحْرَةٌ: (TA:) the pl. (of سَحْرٌ, S, Msb) is سُحُورٌ, and (of ↓ سُحْرٌ, S, Msb, and of ↓ سَحَرٌ, Msb) أَسْحَارٌ. (S, Msb, K.) b2: Hence, اِنْتَفَخَ سَحْرُهُ, (S, A, K,) and اِنْتَفَخَتْ

↓ مَسَاحِرُهُ, (A, K,) (tropical:) His lungs became inflated, or swollen, by reason of timidity and cowardice: (A:) said of a coward: (S:) and of one who has exceeded his due bounds: Lth says that, when repletion arises in a man, one says انتفخ سحره, and that the meaning is, [as given also in the K,] he exceeded his due bounds: but Az says that this is a mistake, and that this phrase is only said of a coward, whose inside is filled with fear, and whose lungs are inflated, or swollen, so that the heart is raised to the gullet: and of the same kind is the phrase in the Kur [xxxiii. 10]

وَبَلَغَتِ القُلُوبُ الحَنَاجِرَ. (TA.) b3: And المُقَطَّعَةُ الأَسْحَارِ, and السُّحُورِ, (assumed tropical:) [She that has her lungs burst asunder], an appellation given to the أَرْنَب [i. e. hare, or female hare], (S, K,) or to the swift ارنب, (TA in art. قطع,) by way of good omen, meaning that her lungs will burst asunder; like المُقَطَّعَةُ النِّيَاطِ: (S:) and some (of those of later times, S) say المُقَطِّعَةُ, with kesr to the ط; (S, K;) as though, by her speed and vehemence of running, she would burst asunder her lungs; (S;) or because she bursts the lungs of the dogs by the vehemence of her running, and the lungs of him who purses her. (ISh, Sgh.) b4: and اِنْقَطَعَ مِنْهُ سَحْرِى (tropical:) I despaired of him, or it. (A, K.) And أَنَا مِنْهُ غَيْرُ صَرِيمِ سَحْرٍ (tropical:) I am not in despair of him, or it. (A, B.) صَرِيمُ سَحْرٍ is also expl. as signifying (tropical:) Having his hope cut off: and (tropical:) anything despaired of. (TA.) and صُرِمَ سَحْرُهُ means (tropical:) His hope was cut off. (TA.) A2: Also The scar of a gall on the back of a camel, (K, TA,) when it has healed, and the place thereof has become white. (TA.) A3: and The upper, or highest, part of a valley. (TA.) A4: See also سَــحَّارَةٌ.

A5: And see سَحَرٌ, in two places.

سُحْرٌ: see the next preceding paragraph, in three places.

سِحْرٌ: see سَحْرٌ, first sentence.

A2: [Also] an inf. n. of سَحَرَهُ, meaning (tropical:) The turning a thing from its proper manner of being to another manner: (T, TA: [accord. to the T, this seems to be proper; but accord. to the A, tropical:]) and hence, (T, TA,) (tropical:) enchantment, or fascination: (T, * S, * MA, KL, PS:) for when. the enchanter (السَّاحِرُ) makes what is false to appear in the form of truth, and causes a thing to be imagined different from what it really is, it is as though he turned it from its proper manner of being: (T, TA:) the producing what is false in the form of truth: (IF, Msb:) or, in the common conventional language of the law, any event of which the cause is hidden, and which is imagined to be different from what it really is: and embellishment by falsification, and deceit: (Fakhred-Deen, Msb:) or a performance in which one allies himself to the devil, and which is effected by his aid: (TA:) i. q. أَخْذَةٌ [meaning a kind of enchantment, or fascination, which captivates the eye and the like, and by which enchantresses withhold their husbands from other women]: (S:) and anything of which the way of proceeding or operation (مَأْخَذُهُ) is subtile: (S, K:) accord. to Ibn-Abee-'Áïsheh, سِحْر is thus called by the Arabs because it changes health, or soundness, to disease: (Sh:) [and in like manner it is said to change hatred to love: (see 1:)] pl. أَسْحَارٌ and سُحُورٌ. (TA.) b2: Also (tropical:) Skilful eloquence: (TA:) or used absolutely, it is applied to that for which the agent is blamed: and when restricted, to that which is praiseworthy. (Msb.) Thus it is in the saying of Mohammad, إِنَّ مِنَ البَيَانِ لَسِحْرًا (tropical:) [Verily there is a kind of eloquence that is enchantment]: because the speaker propounds an obscure matter, and discloses its true meaning by the beauty of his eloquence, inclining the hearts [of his hearers] in like manner as they are inclined by سِحْر: or because there is in eloquence a novelty and strangeness of composition which attracts the hearer and brings him to such a pass as almost diverts him from other things; therefore it is likened to سِحْر properly so called: and it is said to be السِّحْرُ الحَلَالُ [or lawful enchantment]. (Msb.) The saying of Mohammad mentioned above was uttered on the following occasion: Keys Ibn-'Ásim El-Minkaree and EzZibrikán Ibn-Bedr and 'Amr Ibn-El-Ahtam came to the Prophet, who asked 'Amr respecting EzZibrikán; whereupon he spoke well of him: but Ez-Zibrikán was not content with this, and said, “ By God, O apostle of God, he knows that I am more excellent than he has said; but he envies the place that I have in thine estimation: ” and thereupon 'Amr spoke ill of him; and then said, “By God, I did not lie of him in the first saying nor in the other; but he pleased me, and I spoke as pleased; then he angered me, and I spoke as angered: ” then Mohammad uttered the above-mentioned words. (TA.) Their meaning is, but God knows best, he praises the man, speaking truth respecting him, so as to turn the hearts of the hearers to him, (K,) or to what he says; (TA;) and he dispraises him, speaking truth respecting him, so as to turn their hearts also to him, (K,) or to what he says after. (TA.) A' Obeyd says nearly the same. Or, as some say, the meaning is, that there is an eloquence that is sinful like سِحْر. (TA.) b3: Also (tropical:) Skill; science: Mohammad said, مَنْ تَعَلَّمَ بَابًا مِنَ النُّجُومِ فَقَدْ تَعَلَّمَ بَابًا مِنَ السِّحْرِ (tropical:) [He who learneth a process of the science of the stars (meaning astrology or astronomy) learneth a process of enchantment], which may mean that the science of the stars is forbidden to be learned, like the science of enchantment, and that the learning of it is an act of infidelity: or it may mean that it is skill, and science; referring to what is acquired thereof by way of calculation; as the knowledge of eclipses of the sun or moon, and the like. (ISd, TA.) b4: Also (tropical:) Food; aliment; nutriment: so called because its effect is subtile. (TA.) b5: غَيْثٌ ذُو سِحْرٍ means (assumed tropical:) Superabundant rain. (TA.) سَحَرٌ: see سَحْرٌ, in two places.

A2: Also, (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K, &c.,) and ↓ سَحْرٌ, (TA,) and ↓ سُحُرٌ, (Msb,) and ↓ سَحَرِىٌّ, and ↓ سَحَرِيَّةٌ, (K,) (tropical:) The time a little before daybreak: (S, K:) or [simply] before daybreak: (Msb:) or the last part of the night: (Lth, Mgh:) or the last sixth of the night: (Mgh:) the pl. of سَحَرٌ (Msb) and of ↓ سَحْرٌ (TA) and of ↓ سُحُرٌ, (Msb,) is أَسْحَارٌ: (Msb, K, TA:) the سَحَر is thus met. called because it is the time of the departure of the night and the coming of the day; so that it is the مُتَنَفَّس [lit. the “ time of the breathing,” by which is meant the “ shining forth,”] of the dawn: (A:) there are two times of which each is thus called; one, which is [specially] called السَّحَرُ الأَعْلَى, [or the earlier سَحَر,] (A, Mgh,) is before daybreak; (Mgh;) or a little before daybreak: (A:) and the other, at daybreak: (A, Mgh:) like as one says “ the false dawn ” and “ the true: ” (A:) the earlier سَحَر is also called ↓ سُحْرَةٌ: (S, K:) or the سُحْرَة is the same as the سَحَر: or it is the last third of the night, to daybreak. (TA.) Using سَحَر indeterminately, you make it perfectly decl., and say, أَتَيْتُهُ بِسَحَرٍ [I came to him a little before daybreak], agreeably with the phrase in the Kur liv. 34; (S;) and in like manner, ↓ بِسُحْرَةٍ [in the earlier سَحَر]: (S, K:) you also say سَحَرًا, and ↓ سُحْرَةً, (A,) and سَحَرًا مِنَ الأَسْحَارِ: and مَا زَالَ عِنْدَنَا مُنْذُ السَّحَرِ [He ceased not to be with us, or at our abode, from a little before daybreak]: and لَقِيتُهُ بِالسَّحَرِ الأَعْلَى, and بِأَعْلَى سَحَرَيْنِ, and بِأَعْلَى السَّحَرَيْنِ, (TA,) and فِى أَعْلَى السَّحَرَيْنِ, (A, TA,) [I met him in the earlier سَحَر;] but بِأَعْلَى سَحَرٍ, a phrase used by El-'Ajjáj, is erroneous: (TA:) and هٰذِهِ اللَّيْلَةِ ↓ لَقِيتُهُ سَحَرِىَّ and ↓ سَحَرِيَّتَهَا [I met him in the time a little before daybreak of this last night]. (TA.) When, by سَحَر alone, you mean the سَحَر of the night immediately preceding, you say, لَقِيتُهُ سَحَرَ يَا هٰذَا [I met him a little before daybreak this last night, O thou man], (S, K,) making it imperfectly decl. because it is altered from السَّحَرَ, (S,) or because it is for بِالسَّحَرِ; (TA;) and it is thus determinate by itself, (S, K,) without its being prefixed to another noun and without ال: (S:) and in the same sense you say بِسَحَرَ: (TA:) and you say, سِرْ عَلَى فَرَسِكَ سَحَرَ يَا فَتَى [Go thou on thy horse a little before daybreak this night, O youth: so in the TA; but in two copies of the S, for سِرْ I find سِيرَ]: you do not make it to terminate with damm, [like قَبْلُ and بَعْدُ &c.,] because it is an adv. n. which, in a place where it is fitting to be such, may not be used otherwise than as such: (S:) and [in like manner] you say, ↓ لَقِيتُهُ سُحْرَةَ يَا هٰذَا [I met him in the earlier سَحَر of this last night, O thou man]. (TA.) If you make سَحَر the proper name of a man, it is perfectly decl.: and so is the dim.; for it is not of the measure of a noun made to deviate from its original from, like أُخَرُ: you say, ↓ سِرْ عَلَى فَرَسِكَ سُحَيْرًا [Go thou on thy horse a very little before daybreak: so in the TA; but here again, in two copies of the S, for سِرْ I find سِيرَ]: you do not make it to terminate with damm, [like قَبْلُ &c.,] because its being made of the dim. form does not bring it into the class of adv. ns. which may also be used as nouns absolutely, though it does bring it into the class of nouns which are perfectly declinable. (S, TA.) b2: سَحَرٌ also signifies (tropical:) Whiteness overspreading blackness; (K;) like صَحَرٌ; except that the former is mostly used in relation to the time so called, of daybreak; and the latter, in relation to colours, as when one says حِمَارٌ أَصْحَرُ; (TA;) and ↓ سُحْرَةٌ signifies the same; (TA;) i. q. صُحْرَةٌ. (K.) b3: And (tropical:) The extremity (T, A, K) of a desert, (T,) and of the earth or a land, (A,) or of anything: (K:) from the time of night so called: (A:) pl. أَسْحَارٌ. (T, A, K.) سَحِرٌ: see سَحِيرٌ.

سُحُرٌ: see سَحَرٌ, first sentence, in two places.

سُحْرَةٌ: see سَحْرٌ: A2: and سَحَرٌ, in five places.

سَحَرِىٌّ and سَحَرِيَّةٌ: see سَحَرٌ; each in two places.

سَحُورٌ A meal, or food, (Mgh, Msb, TA,) or [particularly] سَوِيق [generally meaning meal of parched barley], that is eaten at the time called the سَحَر; (S, * Mgh, Msb, K* TA;) or a draught of milk that is drunk at that time. (TA.) It is repeatedly mentioned in trads. [relating to Ramadán, when the Muslim is required to be exact in the time of this meal], and mostly as above; but some say that it is correctly [in these cases] with damm, [i. e. سُحُور, which see below,] because the blessing and recompense have respect to the action, and not to the food. (TA.) سُحُورٌ, an inf. n. [without a verb properly belonging to it, or rather a quasi-inf. n., for its verb is تَسَحَّرَ], (TA,) The act of eating the meal, or food, [or drinking the draught of milk,] called the سَحُور [q. v.]. (Msb, TA.) سَحِيرٌ: see مَسْحُورٌ. b2: Also A man having his lungs (سَحْرُهُ) ruptured; and so ↓ سَحِرٌ. (TA.) b3: And Having a complaint of the belly, (K, TA,) from pain of the lungs. (TA.) b4: And A horse large in the belly, (K,) or in the جَوْف [which often means the chest]. (TA.) A2: [and An arrow wounding the lungs: so accord. to Freytag in the “ Deewán el-Hudhaleeyeen. ”]

سُحَيْرًا: see سَحَرٌ, in the latter half of the paragraph.

سُــحَارَةٌ The parts, of a sheep or goat, that the butcher plucks out (K, TA) and throws away, (TA,) consisting of the lungs, or lights, (سَحْر) and the windpipe, (K, TA,) and the appendages of these. (TA.) سَحَّارٌ: see سَاحِرٌ, in two places.

سَــحَّارَةٌ (tropical:) A certain plaything of children; (A, K, TA;) having a string attached to it; (A;) which, when extended in one direction, turns out to be of one colour; and when extended in another direction, turns out to be of another colour: (A, * TA:) it is also called ↓ سَحْرٌ: and whatever. resembles it is called by the former appellation: so says Lth. (TA.) سَاحِرٌ (tropical:) [An enchanter;] a man who practices سِحْر; as also ↓ سَحَّارٌ [in an intensive sense, or denoting habit or frequency]: pl. of the former سَحَرَةٌ and سُحَّارٌ; and of ↓ the latter, سَحَّارُونَ only, for it has no broken pl. (TA.) [Hence,] one says, لَهَا عَيْنٌ سَاحِرَةٌ (tropical:) [She has an enchanting, or a fascinating, eye], and عُيُونٌ سَوَاحِرُ [enchanting, or fascinating, eyes]. (A, TA.) And أَرْضٌ سَاحِرَةُ السَّرَابِ (tropical:) [A land of delusive mirage].(A, TA.) b2: And (assumed tropical:) Knowing, skilful, or intelligent. (S, * TA.) مُسَحَّرٌ, of which the pl. occurs in the Kur xxvi.153 and 185, means Having سُحْر or سَحْر [i. e. lungs]; (Bd, TA;) or created with سَحْر [or lungs]; (S;) i. e. a human being: (Bd:) or diverted [from want] with food and drink: (S, * TA:) and this seems to be implied by the explanation in the K; which is hollow; from Fr: (TA:) or enchanted time after time, so that his intellect is disordered, or rendered unsound: (A, TA:) or enchanted much, so that his reason is overcome: (Bd, Jel:) [see also مَسْحُورٌ:] or deceived, deluded, beguiled, circumvented, or outwitted. (TA.) مَسْحُورٌ Having his lungs (سَحْرُهُ), or his heart (سُحْرَتُهُ), hit, or hurt; as also ↓ سَحِيرٌ [q. v.]. (TA.) b2: [(tropical:) Enchanted, or fascinated.] b3: (assumed tropical:) Deprived of his reason or intellect; corrupted or disordered [in his intellect]. (IAar, Sh.) [See also مُسَحَّرٌ.] b4: (assumed tropical:) Food (طَعَامٌ) marred, or spoilt, (K, TA,) in the making thereof. (TA.) (assumed tropical:) Herbage marred, or spoilt. (TA.) (assumed tropical:) A place marred, or spoilt, by much rain, or by scantiness of herbage. (K.) The fem., with ة, accord. to Az, signifies (assumed tropical:) Land (أَرْضٌ) marred, or spoilt, by superabundant rain, or by scantiness of herbage: accord. to ISh, (assumed tropical:) land in which is little milk; i. e. [because] without herbage: accord. to Z, [in the A,] (tropical:) land that produces no herbage. (TA.) b5: And the fem., applied to a she-goat, (tropical:) Having little milk: (A, TA:) or large in her udder, but having little milk. (Ham p. 26.) مَسَاحِرُ: see سَحْرٌ, second sentence.

حير

1 حَارَ, [sec. Pers\. حِرْتَ,] aor. ـَ (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K,) and some say يَحِيرُ, but this is a mistake, (MF,) inf. n. حَيْرَةٌ (S, A, Mgh, K) and حَيَرٌ (S, Msb, K) and حَيْرٌ and حَيَرَانٌ, (K,) He was, or became, dazzled by a thing at which he looked, (T, Msb, K,) so that he turned away his eyes from it: this is the primary signification: (T, Msb:) and so ↓ تحيّر (A, * Mgh, * K) and ↓ استحار, (K,) and حاربَصَرُهُ (A, * TA) and بصره ↓ تحيّر. (Mgh, and S and A and K in art. قمر, &c.) b2: And hence, (T, Msb,) He was, or became, confounded, or perplexed, and unable to see his right course; (T, Msb, K, * TA;) as also ↓ تحيّر (Msb, K) and ↓ استحار. (K.) And حار, (S, A,) or حار فِى أَمْرِهِ, (Msb,) i. q. فى امره ↓ تحيّر [He was, or became, confounded, &c., in his affair, or case]. (S, A.) And [حار (see its part. n. حَائِرٌ) and] ↓ تحيّر [and ↓ استحار] He erred, or lost his way. (TA.) b3: Also, said of water, (A, Msb, K,) and ↓ تحيّر (S, A, K) and ↓ استحار, (A, K,) (tropical:) It became collected, (S, A, K,) and stayed, (A,) or went round, (S, K, *) or went to and fro, or fluctuated, (Msb, K,) in a place, as though it knew not which way to run. (A.) b4: See also 5.2 حيّرهُ He, or it, caused him to become confounded, or perplexed, and unable to see his right course. (S, * Msb, KL.) b2: [Accord. to Golius, as on the authority of the KL, حيّر, said of water, means (assumed tropical:) It was whirled round in an eddy: but to have this meaning, which I do not find in my copy of the KL, the verb should be حُيِّرَ.]4 احار [He, or it, caused a thing to descend easily down the throat: or it transmitted food to the stomach: see 10: and see also 4 in art. حور]. (S and K voce مِشْفَرٌ, q. v.) 5 تحيّر: see 1, in six places. b2: Also (tropical:) It (a cloud) continued without motion, pouring forth its rain, and not being driven by the wind: (IAar:) or went not in any direction: (K:) [and so ↓ استحار: see مُتَحَيِّرٌ.] b3: Also (assumed tropical:) It continued; said of time; (TA;) and in like manner it is said of a man. (MF.) And بِهِ ↓ حِيرُوا [if not a mistranscription for تَحَيَّرُوا] occurs as meaning (assumed tropical:) Remain ye therein; referring to a place. (TA.) And بِمَكَانٍ ↓ استحار (assumed tropical:) He alighted and abode some days in a place. (TA.) b4: تحيّر بِالمَآءَ (tropical:) It (a place, S, K, and land, TA) became full of water; as also ↓ استحار. (S, K, TA.) b5: تحيّرت الجَفْنَةُ (tropical:) The bowl became full of grease and food; (K, TA;) like as a watering-trough or tank becomes full of water. (TA.) b6: See also what follows.10 إِسْتَحْيَرَ see 1, in four places: b2: and 5, in three places. b3: استحار الشَّبَابُ (S, IB, A, K) and ↓ تحيّر (K) (tropical:) The sap [or vigour] of youth (مَآءُ الشَّبَابِ) flowed: (IB:) or became complete, and filled the body of a woman: (A:) or completely occupied the body: (K:) or filled it to the utmost: (TA:) or collected, and flowed to and fro, in the body of a woman. (As, S.) A2: اسْتُحِيرَ الشَّرَابُ The beverage, or wine, was made to descend easily down the throat. (S.) حَيْرٌ [An enclosure] like a حَظِيرَة: or a place of pasturage in which it is prohibited to the public to pasture their beasts. (S, K.) b2: See also حَائِرٌ.

A2: حَيْرَمَا [erroneously written by Golius حَارَمَا] i. q. رُبَّمَا. (K.) إِنَّهُ فِى حِيرَ بِيرَ and حِيرٍ بِيرٍ, like حُورٍ بُورٍ; (K;) i. e. Verily he is in a bad state, and a state of perdition: or in error. (TA.) [See also art. حور.]

حَيَرٌ: see what next follows.

حِيَرٌ (IAar, K) and ↓ حَيَرٌ (IB, K) Much property, or many cattle; and a numerous family: (K:) and أَنْعَامٌ حِيَرَاتٌ many cattle. (TA.) كَانَ حِيَرًا [app. for كان ذَا حِيَرٍ] is expl. by Th as meaning He was a possessor of much property, and of a numerous household and family. (TA.) b2: حِيَرَ دَهْرٍ: see حَيْرِىَّ الدَّهْرِ.

حَارَةٌ: see art. حور.

أَصْبَحَتِ الأَرْضُ حَيْرَةً The land became green with plants or herbage, (K,) by reason of much collecting and continuance of water therein. (TA.) حَارِىٌّ Made in the town of El-Heereh: applied to a sword, and a camel's saddle. (TA.) and A kind of leathern housings, made in El-Heereh, with which camels' saddles are ornamented. (TA.) A2: حَارِىَّ دَهْرٍ and حَارِىَّ الدَّهْرِ: see what next follows.

لَا آتِيهِ حَيْرِىَّ الدَّهْرِ (Ibn-'Omar, * Sh, * K) and حِيرِىَّ الدَّهْرِ (Sb, Akh, IAar, K) and حِيرِىَّ دَهْرٍ, (S,) or حِيرِى دَهْرٍ, (CK,) or حَيْرِى دَهْرٍ, (K, TA,) with the last letter quiescent, (K,) and حَيْرِىَ دَهْرٍ, or حِيرِىَ دَهْرٍ, (accord. to different copies of the K,) and دَهْرٍ ↓ حَارِىَّ (ISh, K) and الدَّهْرِ ↓ حَارِىَّ (ISh) and دَهْرٍ ↓ حِيَرَ, (IAar, K,) (tropical:) [I will not come to him, or it, or I will not do it,] while time lasts; (A, * K, * TA;) or ever: (ISh, K:) or it may mean while time returns; from حَارَ of which the aor. is يَحُورُ. (A, TA.) Also حَيْرِىَّ الدَّهْرِ, or حِيرِىَّ الدَّهْرِ, (tropical:) For an incalculable period of time. (Ibn-'Omar, Sh, IAth.) حَيْرَانُ (T, S, A, K) and ↓ حَائِرٌ (T, A, K) and ↓ مُتَحَيِّرٌ (TA) A man in a state of confusion, or perplexity, and unable to see his right course: (K, * TA:) erring; having lost his way: (T, TA:) fem. [of the first] حَيْرَى (Lh, T) and حَيْرَآءُ: (A, K:) and pl. [of the same] حَيَارَى (S, A, K) and حُيَارَى (K) and حَيْرَى, like the fem. sing. (Lh.) You say, لَا تَفْعَلْ ذٰلِكَ أُمُّكَ حَيْرَى [Do not thou that: may thy mother become in a state of confusion, &c.]: and لَا تَفْعَلُوا ذٰلِكَ أُمَّهَاتُكُمْ حَيْرَى

[Do not ye that: may your mothers become &c.]. (Lh.) And بَائِرٌ ↓ رَجُلٌ حَائِرٌ A man who does not apply himself rightly to an affair; (S, TA;) who knows not the right course to pursue in his affair; as also فِى أَمْرِهِ ↓ مُتَحَيِّرٌ. (TA. [See also the same phrase in art. حور.]) b2: [رَوْضةٌ حَيْرَى is (tropical:) A meadow full of water. (TA.) b3: [حَيْرَى is also applied as an epithet to the midday sun of summer: see a verse cited in the second paragraph of art. دوم.]

حَيِّرٌ: see مُتَحَيِّرٌ.

حَائِرٌ: see حَيْرَانُ, in two places. b2: Also (tropical:) A place in which water collects (S, K, TA) and goes to and fro: (TA:) a watering-trough, or tank, to which a stream of rain-water flows: (K:) or what resembles a watering-trough, or tank, in which the rain-water collects and remains: (A:) a depressed place (K, TA) in which water collects and remains, or goes round, or goes to and fro, not passing forth from it: (TA:) or a place in the ground depressed in the middle and having elevated edges or borders, (AHn, TA,) in which is water: (TA voce يَعْبُوبٌ:) and hence, (TA,) a garden; as also ↓ حَيْرٌ; (K;) which is the form used by most persons, and by the vulgar; like as they say عَيْشةُ for عَائِشَةُ: or this form is wrong: it is disallowed by AHn, notwithstanding its being mentioned by A 'Obeyd; but he mentions it only in one place, and it is not found in every copy of his work: (ISd:) pl. حِيرَانٌ (S, A, K) and حُورَانٌ. (S, K.) Hassán Ibn-Thábit uses the phrase حَائِرُ البَحْرِ [in a verse which I have cited in the first paragraph of art. رب, app. as meaning (assumed tropical:) The depth of the sea; or part of the sea in which is a confluence of the water, and where it goes round, or to and fro]. (TA.) A2: Also Grease; oily animal matter, that flows from flesh or fat. (K.) أَحْيَرُ مِنْ ضَبٍّ, and مِنْ وَرَلٍ, [More confounded, or perplexed, and unable to see his right course, than a dabb, and than a waral,] are two proverbs; (Meyd;) accord. to Hamzeh El-Isfahánee, said because the dabb, [a kind of lizard, as is also the waral,] when it quits its hole, is confounded, and cannot find the right way to to it; and the like is said of the waral. (Har p. 166.) مُتَحَيِّرٌ: see حَيْرَانُ, in two places. b2: الَكَواكِبُ المُتَحَيِّرَةُ (assumed tropical:) [The erratic stars; i. e. the planets;] the stars that [at one time appear to] retrograde and [at another time to] pursue a direct [and forward] course; also called الخُنَّسُ. (S in art. خنس.) b3: سَحَابٌ مُتَحَيِّرٌ (assumed tropical:) Clouds continuing without motion, pouring forth rain, and not driven by the wind: (IAar:) and ↓ مُسْتَحِيرٌ (assumed tropical:) clouds (سحاب) heavy, and moving to and fro, (S, K) not having any wind to drive them along: (S:) and ↓ حَيِّرٌ (tropical:) clouds, or clouds covering the sky, syn. غَيْمٌ, (Az, K, TA,) rising with rain, and continuing without motion, or moving to and fro, but remaining, in the sky: (Az, TA:) or this last signifies (tropical:) clouds (سحاب) raining, and continuing without motion, or moving to and fro, but remaining in the sky. (A, TA.) b4: See also what follows, in two places.

مُسْتَحِيرٌ A way leading across a desert, of which the place of egress is not known. (K.) b2: (assumed tropical:) Anything (TA) continuing endlessly: (IAar, TA:) or hardly, or never, ending; as also ↓ مُتَحَيِّرٌ. (Sh, TA.) See also this latter word.

A2: جَفْنَةٌ مُسْتَحِيرَةٌ (tropical:) A full bowl: (A:) or (assumed tropical:) a bowl containing much grease. (K.) And ↓ مَرَقَةٌ مُتَحَيِّرِةٌ (assumed tropical:) Broth containing much grease. (TA.)

بحر

1 بَحَرَ, (TA,) [aor. ـَ inf. n. بَحْرٌ, (K,) He slit; cut, or divided, lengthwise; split; or clave; (K, TA;) and enlarged, or made wide. (TA.) Hence the term بَحْرٌ [as meaning “ a sea ” or “ great river ”] is said to be derived, because what is so called is cleft, or trenched, in the earth, and the trench is made the bed of its water. (TA.) b2: بَحَرَهَا, (M,) or بَحَرَ أُذُنَهَا, (S, A, Msb,) aor. ـَ (M, Msb,) inf. n. بَحْرٌ, (S, M, Msb, K,) He slit her (a camel's, S, M, A, Msb, and a sheep's or goat's, M) ear, (S, M, A, Msb, K,) in halves, or in halves lengthwise, (M, TA,) widely; (B;) and in like manner, بَحَرَهُ he slit his (a camel's) ear widely: (B:) and ↓ بحّر

آذَانَ الأَنْعَامِ, inf. n. تَبْحِيرٌ, He slit [&c.] the ears of the cattle. (Az, TA in art. بتك.) A2: [بَحُرَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. بَــحَارَةٌ, It was, or became, wide, or spacious. The inf. n. is mentioned in the A: see بَحْرٌ: and see also 10.]2 بَحَّرَ see 1.4 ابحر He embarked [or voyaged] upon the sea or a great river. (Yaakoob, S, M, K.) [Opposed to أَبَرَّ.] b2: (tropical:) It (water, K, sweet water S, A) was, or became, salt. (S, A, * K.) b3: أَبْحَرَتِ الأَرْضُ The land abounded with places where water stagnated. (T, K. * [In the latter, مَنَافِعُهَا is put by mistake for مَنَاقِعُهَا. See بَحْرَةٌ.]) A2: (assumed tropical:) He found water to be salt; not easy, or pleasant, to be drunk. (K, TA. [In some copies of the K, for لَمْ يَسُغْ, we find لَمْ يَمْتَنِعْ, which is evidently a mistake.]) A3: He met, or met with, a man unintentionally: (M, K:) from the phrase, لَقِيتُهُ صَحْرَةَ بَحْرَةَ. (TA.) 5 تبحّر: see 10. b2: Also (assumed tropical:) He (a pastor) took a wide range in abundant pasturage. (TA.) b3: تبحّر فِى المَالِ (tropical:) He enlarged himself, or he became, or made himself, ample, or abundant, in wealth, or camels, or the like; (K, * TA;) as also فيه↓استبحر. (TA.) b4: تبحّر فِى العِلْمِ (tropical:) He went deep into science, or knowledge, and enlarged himself, or took a wide range, therein, (S, A, K,) wide as the sea; (TA;) and in like manner one says with respect to other things: (S:) and so فيه ↓استبحر. (A, TA.) 10 استبحر (tropical:) It (a place) became wide, or spacious, like the sea: (A:) it spread wide; became expanded; (K;) as also ↓ تبحّر. (TA.) [See also بَحُرَ.] b2: (tropical:) He (a poet, A, K, and a خَطِيب, [i. e. a speaker, an orator, or the like,] A) expatiated in speech; was, or became, diffuse therein. (M, A, K.) b3: See also 5, in two places.

بَحْرٌ [A sea: and a great river:] a spacious place comprising a large quantity of water; (B;) a large quantity of water, (K, TA,) whether salt or sweet; (TA;) contr. of بَرٌّ; (S, A;) so called because of its depth (S, TA) and large extent; (S, Msb, TA;) from البَــحَارَةُ; (A;) or because its bed is trenched in the earth; see 1: (TA:) or a large quantity of salt water, only; (K;) and so called because of its saltness: (El-Umawee, TA: [but accord. to the A, this word as an epithet meaning “ salt ” is tropical:]) or rather this is its general meaning: (TA:) for it signifies also any great river; (S, M, TA;) any river of which the water does not cease to flow; (Zj, T, TA;) such as the Euphrates, for instance; (S;) or such as the Tigris, and the Nile, and other similar great rivers of sweet water; of which the great salt بَحْر is the place of confluence; so called because trenched in the earth: (T, TA:) pl. [of pauc.] أَبْحُرٌ and [of mult.] بِحَارٌ and بُحُورٌ. (S, Msb, K.) The dim. is ↓أُبَيْحِرٌ, (K,) which is anomalous; and ↓بُحَيْرٌ, which is the regular form: accord. to the K, the latter is not used; but this is untrue; for it is sometimes used, though rare. (MF.) b2: Hence its application in the saying of the Arabs, يَا هَادِىَ اللَّيْلِ جُرْتَ إِنَّمَا هُوَ البَحْرُ أَوِ الفَجْرُ, which Th explains by saying that the meaning is, (tropical:) [O guide of the night, thou hast deviated from the right way:] it is only destruction or thou wilt see the daybreak: the night is here likened to the sea [and with the night is associated the idea of destruction]: but accord. to one recital, it is البَجْرُ, instead of البَحْرُ. (TA. [See art. بجر.]) b3: Also (tropical:) Salt; as an epithet, applied to water. (S, A.) b4: (tropical:) A fleet, or swift, and excellent, horse; (As, K;) that runs much; (As, TA;) that takes a wide range in his running; (S, A, Msb, B;) that runs like the sea, or a great river; or like the sea, or a great river, when it rolls wave over wave. (Niftaweyh;, TA.) b5: (tropical:) A generous man; (K, TA;) one who takes a wide range in his beneficence, bounty, or kindness; who abounds therein. (TA.) You say, لَقِيتُ بِزَيْدٍ بَحْرًا (tropical:) [I found, in the place of Zeyd, a man of abundant generosity or beneficence]: ب here denoting substitution. (The Lubáb cited in the TA voce بِ.) And لَقِيتُ مِنْهُ بَحْرًا (tropical:) [I found him to be a man of exceeding generosity]; a phrase expressing an intensive degree of generosity: and رَأَيْتُ مِنْهُ بَحْرًا [signifies the same]. (Mughnee in art. بِ.) b6: (tropical:) A man of extensive knowledge or science; one who takes a wide range in his knowledge or science. (B.) b7: (tropical:) Any person, or thing, that takes a wide range in a thing. (B.) b8: (assumed tropical:) Land of seed-produce and fruitfulness; or a tract, or region, in which are green herbs or leguminous plants, and waters; or the part of a country near to water; syn. رِيفٌ: (Aboo-' Alee, K:) and the dim. ↓ بُحَيْرٌ is used in the same sense; or, by poetic licence, for ↓ بُحَيْرَةٌ. (TA.) So in the Kur [xxx. 40], ظَهَرَ الفَسَادُ فِى البَرِّ وَ البَحْرِ (assumed tropical:) [Corruption hath appeared in the desert, or deserts, and in the land of seed-produce and fruitfulness; &c.]: (Aboo-'Alee, TA:) or the meaning here is, [in the desert, or deserts, and in the towns, or villages, in which is water: (see بَرٌّ:) or in the open country and] in the cities [or towns] upon the rivers; by sterility in the former, and scarcity in the latter: (Zj, TA, and T in art. بر:) or in the land and the sea; i. e., the land has become sterile, or unfruitful, and the supply of the sea has become cut off. (Az, TA.) See also بَحْرَةٌ. b9: Also, البَحْرُ, (S, K,) or بَحْرُ الرَّحِمِ, (A, Mgh,) (assumed tropical:) The bottom (عُمْق, S, A, Mgh, K, or قَعْر, IAth, TA) of the womb; fundus uteri: (S, A, Mgh, K:) whence blood of a pure red colour, (S,) or intensely red, (Mgh,) is termed بَحْرَانِىٌّ (S, Mgh) and بَاحِرٌ. (S.) بَحْرَةٌ A wide tract of land: so accord. to Aboo-Nasr: but in one place he says, a small valley in rugged land: pl. بِحَارٌ. (TA.) b2: A land, country, or territory, belonging to, or inhabited by, a people; syn. بَلْدَةٌ. (S, K.) One says, هٰذِهِ بَحْرَتُنَا This is our land, &c.; syn. أَرْضُنَا. (S.) It occurs also in the dim. form [↓ بُحَيْرَةٌ], as in the Towsheeh of El-Jelál. (TA.) b3: Any town, or village, that has a running river and wholesome water: (K:) and [absolutely] any town, or village: of such the Arabs say, هٰذِهِ بَحْرَتُنَا This is our town, or village: and the pl. بِحَارٌ they apply to cities, as well as towns, or villages. (TA.) b4: Low, or depressed, land: (IAar, K:) occurring also in the dim. form [↓ بُحَيْرَةٌ]. (TA.) b5: A meadow; or a garden; syn. رَوْضَةٌ: (T, TA:) or one that is large, (K,) and wide. (TA.) b6: A place where water stagnates. (Sh, K.) b7: The pl. is ↓ بَحْرٌ, (as in some copies of the K, [or this is a coll. gen. n. of which بَحْرَةٌ is the n. un.,]) or بِحَرٌ, (as in other copies of the K and in the TA,) or بُحْرٌ, (as in the CK,) and بِحَارٌ. (K.) A2: لَقِيتُهُ صَحْرَةَ بَحْرَةَ, (S, K,) and ↓ صُحْرَةَ بُحْرَةَ, as in the Expositions of the Tesheel, &c., (MF,) and صَحْرَةً بَحْرَةً, (K,) and ↓ صُحْرَةً بُحْرَةً, (MF,) I met him out, with nothing intervening between me and him; (S, L;) both of us being exposed to open view; (TA;) without anything concealing, or intervening. (K, TA.) صحرةَ بحرةَ, without tenween, is a compound denotative of state; not, as some say, consisting of two inf. ns.: and sometimes نَحْرَةً is added; in which case each of the three words is with tenween, decl.; and they do not form a compound. (MF. [But see صَحْرَة.)]

صُحْرَةَ بُحْرَةَ and صُحْرَةً بُحْرَةً: see بَحْرَةٌ.

بَحْرِىٌّ Of, or relating to, or belonging to, the sea, or a great river; rel. n. of بَحْرٌ. (S, K.) b2: A seaman; a sailor; (TA;) as also ↓ بَحَّارٌ: (K:) and [↓ بَحْرِيَّةٌ and] ↓ بَــحَّارَةٌ seamen; sailors. (K, TA.) b3: [In the dial. of Egypt, North; northern; because the Mediterranean Sea lies on the north of that country: like as, in Hebrew, יָם signifies “ west; ” because that sea lies on the west of Palestine.]

بَحْرِيَّةٌ: see بَحْرِىٌّ.

بُحْرَانٌ, a post-classical word, (S, K,) used by the physicians, signifying The crisis of a disease; the sudden change which happens to a sick person, (S, TA,) and the commencement of convalescence, (TA,) in acute diseases; (S, TA;) at a time fixed by some motion in the heavenly bodies, mostly by a motion of the moon; being a change to health or to the contrary: a word [said to be] of Greek origin. (The Nuzheh of the sheykh Dáwood El-Antákee, cited in the TA.) [Pl. بَحَارِينُ.] They say, هٰذَا يَوْمُ بُحْرَانٍ and يَوْمٌ

↓ بَاحُورِىٌّ [This is the day of a crisis of a disease]: باحورىّ being anomalous: (S, K:) [perhaps from البَاحُورُ signifying “ the moon,” because the crisis of a disease is thought to be mostly fixed by a motion of the moon: or] as though it were a rel. n. of بَاحُورٌ and بَاحُورَآءُ meaning the “ vehemence of heat in [the month of] تَمُّوز. ” (S.) دَمٌ بَحْرَانِىٌّ (assumed tropical:) Blood of the menses; accord. to El-Kutabee: or (assumed tropical:) intensely red blood: (Mgh:) or (assumed tropical:) intensely red, and thick, and abundant, menstrual blood: (IAth:) or (tropical:) black blood: (A:) or, as also ↓ دَمٌ بَاحِرٌ, (S, M, Msb, K,) (assumed tropical:) blood of the womb: (K:) or (assumed tropical:) blood of a pure red colour: (S, M, K:) or (assumed tropical:) such blood from the belly: (M:) or (assumed tropical:) pure blood of an intensely red colour: (Msb:) both from البَحْرُ signifying “ the bottom of the womb: ”: (S:) the former is a rel. n. therefrom, (A, IAth, Msb,) in which the ا and ن are added to give intensiveness to the signification, (IAth,) or to distinguish it from the rel. n. of البَحْرُ [in its most common sense]: (Msb:) or it is a rel. n. of البَحْرُ [in its most common sense], because of its abundance. (IAth.) b2: أَحْمَرُ بَحْرَانِىٌّ, and ↓ بَاحِرٌ, (TA,) and ↓ بَاحِرِىٌّ, (IAar, TA,) (assumed tropical:) Intense red. (TA.) بُحَيْرٌ dim. of بَحْرٌ, which see, in two places.

بَحِيرَةٌ A she-camel having her ear slit: (S, * A, Msb, K *:) [and, as a subst., or an epithet in which the quality of a subst. is predominant,] a she-camel of which the mother was a سَائِبَة; (Fr, S, Mgh, Msb, K;) i. e., of which the mother had brought forth ten females consecutively before her, and of which the ear was slit; (Mgh;) or of which the mother had brought forth five, of which five the last, if a male, was slaughtered and eaten, but if a female, her ear was slit and she was left with her mother; (Mgh, * Msb;) the predicament of which was the same as that of her mother; (Fr, S, K;) i. e., what was unlawful with respect to her mother was unlawful with respect to herself: (TA:) or a she-camel, or ewe, or she-goat, that had brought forth five young ones, and of which the fifth, if a male, was slaughtered, and its flesh was eaten by the men and women; but if a female, her ear was slit, and it was unlawful to the Arabs to eat her flesh and to drink her milk and to ride her; but when she died, her flesh was lawful to the women: (K:) so says Az, on the authority of Ibn-'Arafeh: (TA: [but it appears from the explanation in the Msb, quoted above, that it was the slit-eared young she-camel here mentioned, not the mother, that was thus termed:]) or a she-camel, or ewe, or she-goat, which, having brought forth ten young ones, had her ear slit, (K,) and no use was made of her milk nor of her back, (TA,) and she was left at liberty to pasture, (K,) and to go to water, (TA,) and her flesh, when she died, was made unlawful to the women of the Arabs, but was eaten by the men: (K:) or one that was left at liberty, without a pastor: (K:) or, as some say, syn. with سَائِبَةٌ; i. e., say they, a she-camel which, having brought forth seven young ones, had her ear slit, and was not ridden, nor used for carrying: (Msb:) or a she-camel that had brought forth five young ones, the last of which was a male, in which case her ear was slit, and she was exempted from being ridden and from carrying and from being slaughtered, and not prevented from taking of any water to which she came, nor from any pasturage, nor even ridden by a weary man who, having become unable to proceed in his journey, his means having failed him, or his camel that bore him stopping with him from fatigue or breaking down or perishing, might chance to find her: (Aboo-Is- hák the Grammarian, TA: [and the like, but less fully, is said in the Mgh:]) or, applied specially to a ewe, or she-goat, one that, having brought forth five young ones, had her ear slit: (L, K, TA: [in the CK, for بُحِرَت is put نُحِرَت:]) it also signifies a she-camel (L) abounding in milk: (L, K:) the pl. is بَحَائِرُ and بُحُرٌ; (L, K;) the latter a strange form of pl. of a fem. sing. such as بحيرة; and said to be the only instance of the kind except صُرُمٌ pl. of صَرِيمَةٌ, meaning “ having her ear cut off. ” (TA.) It is said in a trad., that the person who instituted the practices relative to the بحيرة and the حَامِى, and the first who altered the religion of Ishmael, was 'Amr the son of Loheí the son of Kama'ah the son of Jundab; and these practices are forbidden in the Kur v. 102. (TA.) بُحَيْرَةٌ A small sea; a lake: as though they imagined the word بَحْرَةٌ [as syn. with بَحْرٌ]: otherwise there is no reason for the ة. (M, TA.) b2: See also بَحْرٌ: and see بَحْرَةٌ, in two places.

بَحَّارٌ: see بَحْرِىٌّ.

بَــحَّارَةٌ: see بَحْرِىٌّ.

بَاحِرٌ: see بَحْرَانِىٌّ, in three places.

بَاحِرِىٌّ: see بَحْرَانِىٌّ, in three places.

بَاحُورٌ and ↓بَاحُورَآءُ The vehemence of heat in [the Syrian month of] تَمُّوز or تَمُوز [corresponding to July, O. S.]: (S, K:) [pl. of the former بَوَاحِيرُ:] both are [said to be] post-classical words: (S:) but they are [classical words,] arabicized; for they occur in verses of the kind called رَجَز of some of the [early] Arabs. (MF.) A2: البَاحُورُ The moon. (Aboo-' Alee, K.) بَاحُورَآءُ: see بَاحُورٌ.

بَاحُورِىٌّ: see بُحْرَانٌ.

أُبَيْحِرٌ: dim. of بَحْرٌ, q. v. (K.)

صدف

1 صَدَفَ عَنِّى, (S, O,) or عَنْهُ, (Msb, K,) aor. ـِ (O, K,) He turned away from, avoided, shunned, and left, (S, O, Msb, K,) me, (S, O,) or him, or it; (Msb, K;) so the verb signifies in the Kur vi. 158 [and a similar instance occurs in verse 46 of the same chap.]; (O;) and so عَنْهُ ↓ تصدّف: (O, * K:) and (so in the K [but more properly “ or ”]) صَدَفَ, (A'Obeyd, M, O, K,) aor. ـِ (M, K) and صَدُفَ, (K,) inf. n. صَدْفٌ and صُدُوفٌ, (M, O, K, TA, [صَدَفًا in the CK is a mistake,]) he turned away, (A'Obeyd, M, O, K, TA,) or became turned away, or back, (O, K, TA,) and declined, (K, TA,) عَنْهُ from it, (M, O,) namely, a thing; (O;) said of a man. (K.) And صَدَفَتْ, said of a woman, She turned away her face. (Msb.) A2: See also 4.

A3: صَدَفٌ is an inf. n. (S, M, O, Msb) of which the verb is صَدِفَ, (M, Msb,) and from which is derived the epithet ↓ أَصْدَفُ applied to a horse, or to a camel: (S, M, O:) it signifies, in relation to a horse, The having the thighs near together, and the hoofs far apart, with a twisting of the pasterns (S, O, K:) or a crookedness in the fore legs: (M:) or an inclining in the hoof towards the off side: (ISk, S, M, Mgh, O, K:) or an inclining of the foot (As, S, M, Mgh, O, Msb, K) of the fore leg or of the kind leg (As, S, M, O, Msb) of the camel, towards the off side; (As, S, M, Mgh, O, Msb, K;) if towards the near side, the epithet applied to him is أَقْفَدُ, (As, S, O, K,) and the verb is قَفِدَ, inf. n. قَفَدٌ: (TA:) or an inclining in the قَدَم [or human foot]; As says, I know not whether from the right or from the left: or an approaching of one of the knees towards the other; thus, peculiarly, in the horse: or a nearness together of [the two tendons called] the عُجَايَتَانِ, and a wideness apart of the hoofs, with a twisting of the pasterns; one of the natural faults of horses: (M:) (Mtr says,] as meaning a twisting in the neck, I have not found it. (Mgh.) 3 صادفهُ, (S, O, K, TA,) inf. n. مُصَادَفَةٌ, (M, TA,) He found him; or lighted on him; syn. وَجَدَهُ; (S, O, K, TA;) namely, another man; (S, O;) and لَقِيَهُ [which may also be rendered he met with him; or encountered him]; (O, K, TA;) and وَافَقَهُ [which signifies the same]. (M, * TA, and S and K in art. وفق.) One says, صَادَفْتُ فُلَانًا بِمَوْضِعِ كَذَا I found, or met with, such a one in such a place; syn. وَافَقْتُهُ. (TA in art. وفق.) And صَادَفْتَ أَمْرَكَ مُوَافِقًا لِإِرَادَتِكَ [Thou foundest thine affair, or thy case, suitable to thy wish; i. e., foundest it to be so: thus, in this instance, and in many others, like its syns. وَجَدْتَ and لَقِيتَ, the verb has two objective complements]. (S * and K * and TA in art. وفق.) b2: And مُصَادَفَةٌ signifies also The being opposite, one to another; or the facing one another; or the matching one another; syn. مُحَاذَاةٌ. (TA.) 4 اصدفهُ He, or it, turned him away, (S, M, O, K,) or back; or caused him to return, go back, or revert; (K, TA;) عَنْهُ from it; (M;) and ↓ صَدَفَهُ, (O, K,) inf. n. صَدْفٌ, (O,) signifies the same; (O, K;) the latter verb being trans. as well as intrans., but when trans. having only one inf. n., that mentioned above. (O.) One says, أَصْدَفَنِى عَنْهُ كَذَا وَكَذَا Such and such things turned me away from it. (S, O.) 5 تصدّف: see 1, first sentence. b2: Also I. q.

تَعَرَّضَ: (TA:) in the saying of Muleyh ElHudhalee, فَلَمَّا اسْتَوَتْ أَحْمَالُهَا وَتَصَدَّفَتٌ بِشُمِّ المَرَاقِى بَارِدَاتِ المَدَاخِلِ [app. describing a she-camel, or a number of camels, meaning And when her, or their, burdens were, or became, adjusted, or firm or steady, and she, or they, went alternately to the right and left, (see the phrase تَعَرَّضَتِ الإِبِلُ المَدَارِجَ, in art. عرض,) in the high places of ascent, cold in the entrances thereof, because of their height], Skr says, تَصَدَّفَتْ means تَعَرَّضَتْ. (M, TA.) 6 تَصَادَفَا, said of two sides of a mountain, They met together, and faced each other. (TA.) صَدَفٌ inf. n. of صَدِفَ [q. v.]. (M, Msb.) A2: Also Anything high, or lofty, (As, S, M, O, K,) such as a wall and a mountain, (M,) or such as a wall and the like; (K;) like what is termed هَدَفٌ: (As, S, O:) and the side of a mountain: (M:) or صَدَفٌ and هَدَفٌ both signify any building or structure, that is high, or lofty, and great; (A'Obeyd, TA;) accord. to Az, likened to the صَدَف of a mountain, which is the side that faces one, thereof: (TA:) and صَدَفٌ and ↓ صُدُفٌ (S, M, O, K) and ↓ صُدَفٌ and ↓ صَدُفٌ, (O, K,) accord. to different readings of a passage in the Kur, (S, M, O, K,) [xviii. 95,] in which the dual occurs, (S, M, O,) signify the place of ending, or breaking off, (S, O, K,) of a mountain, (K,) or of a lofty mountain: (S, O:) or the side of a mountain: (K:) or the part between two mountains: (M:) or, as used in this instance, (K, TA,) in the verse of the Kur, (TA,) الصَّدَفَانِ, (M, K,) as also ↓ الصُّدُفَانِ, (M,) means two mountains (M, L, K) meeting together, (M, L, TA,) in the copies of the K, مُتَلَازِقَانِ [i. e. cleaving together], but the correct reading is مُتَلَاقِيَانِ, as in the L [and M], (TA,) between Ya-jooj and Ma-jooj: (M, L, K, TA:) and ↓ الصُّدُفَانِ, (M, K,) with damm to the د (M,) i. e. with two dammehs, especially, (K,) or this as well as الصَّدَفَانِ, (TA,) means the two sides of the شِعْب [app. here meaning ravine, or gap, between two mountains], or of the valley: (M, K, TA:) so says IDrd: (M, TA:) both signify the two sides of the mountain when they [meet together, and] face each other, so called لِتَصَادُفِهِمَا, i. e. because of their meeting together, and facing each other, having between them a [road such as is termed] فَجّ, or a شِعْب [expl. above], or a valley. (TA.) A3: Also [The mother-of-pearl shell; or oyster-shell; and any shell of a mollusk: and, by an extension of its primary application, the oyster itself; and any shell-fish, or testaceous mollusk of the water, and likewise of the land:] the cover of the pearl; (K;) or this is called صَدَفُ الدُّرَّةِ, (S, O,) or صَدَفُ الدُّرِّ; (Msb;) a kind of cover created in the sea, composed of [what are termed]

صَدَفَتَانِ [i. e. a pair of shell-valves], which are opened from [i. e. so as to disclose] a kind of flesh in which is life, called the مَــحَارَة [i. e. oyster], and in the like thereof are found pearls; (Lth, TA;) i. q. مَحَارٌ [which means oyster-shells, and also oysters themselves, and both of these may be here meant, as both are correct meanings of صَدَفٌ]: (M:) n. un. with ة: (S, M, O, Msb, K:) [in the Msb it is also said that الصَّدَفَةُ signifies the مَــحَارَة, which is the مَحْمِل of the pilgrims; but I think that this is a mistake, caused by understanding مَــحَارَة here in a wrong sense; for I find no other authority for assigning this meaning to الصَّدَفَةُ:] pl. أَصْدَافٌ. (O, K.) [See an ex. of the pl. voce حَلَزُونٌ.] b2: [Hence,] الصَّدَفَةُ signifies also, (M, TA,) or صَدَفَةُ الأُذُنِ, (O,) The مَــحَارَة [or concha, i. e. the external, deep, and wide, cavity, around the hole,] of the ear. (M, O, TA.) b3: [And hence, also,] الصَّدَفَتَانِ signifies The two small hollows, or sockets, in each of which is set the head of one of the two thing-bones, and in each of which is a ligament (عَصَبَةٌ [app. that called ligamentum teres, forming a tie]) to that head. (M, TA.) [And in like manner, The two sockets in the scapula, in each of which turns the head of one of the two upper arm-bones: (see حَارِقَةٌ:) or these, it seems, are called by some الصَّدَفَانِ; for it is said that] الصَّدَفُ signifies the part of the scapula which is the place of the وَابِلَة. (O, K.) b4: And صَدَفٌ also signifies (tropical:) Flesh, (O,) or a piece of flesh, (K, TA,) growing in a wound of the head, next the skull, resembling the cartilages. (O, K.) A4: And in the Tekmileh it is said that [the pl.] أَصْدَافٌ signifies Waves of the sea. (TA.) A5: See also صُدَفٌ.

صَدُفٌ: see صَدَفٌ, second sentence.

صُدَفٌ: see صَدَفٌ, second sentence.

A2: Also, i. e. like صُرَدٌ, (O, K,) or ↓ صَدَفٌ, (so in a copy of the M,) A species of animal of prey: (M, O, K: *) or, as some say, a bird. (M, O, K.) صُدُفٌ: see صَدَفٌ, in three places.

صَدَفِىٌّ A camel of a certain sort, (M, K, *) of excellent quality, (K,) [ISd says,] so called, (M, K,) I think, in relation to a tribe of Arabs of El-Yemen, (M,) or in relation to a sub-tribe (بَطْن) of Kindeh, (K,) called الصَّدِفُ. (M, K.) [See also صَرَفِىٌّ.]

A2: [Also a rel. n. from صَدَفٌ; Testaceous.]

صَدُوفٌ A woman who turns away her face (Lh, M, Msb) from her husband: (Lh, M:) or a woman who turns her face towards one and then turns away: (S, O, K:) or a woman who desires not kisses: (M:) or having a stinking mouth, (Lh, Ibn-'Abbád, M, O, K,) as an epithet applied to a female, (Lh, M,) or to a male: (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K:) applied in this last sense to a man because he turns away his face whenever any one speaks to him. (TA.) b2: And A she-camel that will not come to the watering-trough until it is left to her unoccupied: like صَرُومٌ. (TA in art. صرم. [See also what next follows.]) صَوَادِفُ [pl. of صَادِفَةٌ] Camels that come to others at the drinking-trough, and wait at their rumps until the drinkers have gone away, that they may go in. (S, O. [See also what next precedes.]) أَصْدَفُ: see صَدَفٌ, in the first paragraph.

مُصَدَّفٌ meaning One often attacked by diseases is a word used by the vulgar. (TA.) مَصْدُوفٌ Veiled, or concealed; covered; or protected; syn. مَسْتُورٌ. (TA.)

زحر

1 زَحَرَ, aor. ـَ and زَحِرَ, (K,) inf. n. زَحِيرٌ (A, K) and زُحَارٌ and زُــحَارَةٌ, (K,) He emitted the voice, (K, * TA,) or (K, TA, in the CK “ and,”) the breath, with a moaning; (A, K;) [or he breathed hard; as appears from what follows;] in work, or labour, or in difficulty. (TA.) You say, سَمِعْتُ لَهُ زَحِيرًا [I heard him breathe hard; or emit the voice, or the breath, with a moaning]. (A.) and of a woman bringing forth, you say, زَحَرَتْ, aor. ـَ and زَحِرَ, inf. n. زَحِيرٌ, She breathed hard. (S.) b2: [Hence,] زَحَرَ said of a niggardly man, (assumed tropical:) He, being begged of, deemed the begging grievous, or troublesome, (K, TA,) and moaned thereat. (TA.) b3: زَحَرَ, (A, K,) aor. ـَ and زَحِرَ, (K,) inf. n. زَحِيرٌ (S, A, K) and زُحَارٌ (S, K) and زُــحَارَةٌ; (K;) [and app. زُحِرَ also; (see مَزْحُورٌ;)] and ↓ تزحّر; (A, K;) and ↓ زحّر, inf. n. تَزْحِيرٌ; (K;) [all signify] He was, or became, affected with a looseness of the bowels: (S, A:) or with a violent looseness of the bowels, and with a griping pain in the belly, and a discharge of blood. (K.) b4: And زَحَرَتْ بِهِ أُمُّهُ, and عَنْهُ ↓ تزحّزت, (tropical:) His mother brought him forth. (A, K.) A2: زَحَرَهُ بِالرُّمْحِ, accord. to the K, signifies He broke, or clave, his head with the spear: but IDrd says that this is not of established authority. (TA.) A3: زُحِرَ, like عُنِىَ, He was, or became, niggardly, or tenacious. (K.) 2 زَحَّرَ see 1.

A2: زحّر النَّاقَةَ, inf. n. تَزْحِيرٌ, He put a ball (كُرَة) into a nose-bag (مِخْلَاة), and inserted it into the vulva of the she-camel whose young one had died during the period between the time [that should have been that] of bringing him forth and a month of the last part thereof, [i. e. during the last month of her proper period of gestation,] and left it for a night, having stopped up her nose, then drew forth the ball, having prepared another young camel, which he then showed to her, the nose being still stopped up, whereupon she thought that it was her young one, and that she had at that time brought it forth, then he unstopped her nose, and brought it near, and she affected it, and yielded her milk. (K, TA.) 3 زاحرهُ (tropical:) He treated him, or regarded him, with enmity, or hostility, (A, K, TA,) and behaved angrily (اِنْتَفَخَ) to him. (TA.) 5 تَزَحَّرَ see 1, in two places. b2: هُوَ يَتَزَحَّرُ بِمَالِهِ شُحًا (assumed tropical:) [He yields his property with pain, (app. from تَزَحَّرَتْ said of a woman in child-birth,) by reason of niggardliness]; as though he moaned, and strained himself; or moaned, being niggardly. (TA.) زُحَرٌ: see زَحَّارٌ.

زَحْرَةٌ [inf. n. of un. of زَحَرَ; An emission [of the voice or] of the breath with a moaning: (A:) [or a hard breathing: (see 1:) it is said to be] like زَفْرَةٌ [q. v.]. (TA.) زَحْرَانُ: see زَحَّارٌ.

زُحَارٌ [an inf. n. of 1, q. v. b2: Also] A certain disease that affects the camel, (K, TA,) in consequence of which he suffers from a violent looseness of the bowels, until, or so that, the extremity of his rectum turns inside-out, and nothing comes forth from it. (TA.) زَحَّارٌ [One who breathes hard; (this meaning being indicated, though not expressed, in the S;) or who emits the voice, or the breath, with a moaning: see 1, first sentence. b2: And hence,] (assumed tropical:) Niggardly; tenacious; who moans on being begged of; (TA; [in which it is said to be with damm; but this is a mistake, occasioned by an incorrect point in the L;]) as also ↓ زُحَرٌ and ↓ زَحْرَانُ and ↓ مَزْحُورٌ. (K, * TA.) A poet says, وَعِنْدَ الفَقْرِ زَحَّارًا أُنَانَا أَرَاكَ جَمَعْتَ مَسْأَلَةً وَحِرْصًا [I see thee to have combined begging and covetousness, and in poverty to be niggardly, with moaning]: (S, TA: in the former thus, in two copies, in the present art. and in art. ان: in the TA زُحَّارًا:) أُنَانًا is said by IB to be [here] an inf. n. of أَنَّ, like أَنِينًا. (TA.) مَزْحُورٌ A man affected with a looseness, or with a violent looseness, of the bowels, and with a griping pain in the belly, and a discharge of blood. (A, * TA.) b2: See also the next preceding paragraph.

زلف

1 زَلَفَ: see 2: A2: and see also 8, in three places.2 زلّفهُ, (O, TA,) inf. n. تَزْلِيفٌ, (O,) He did it previously, or beforehand; namely, a thing; (IAar, O, TA;) as, for instance, an evil action; (O, TA;) and so ↓ زَلَفَهُ; (IAar, TA;) syn. أَسْلَفَهُ, (O, TA,) and قَدَّمَهُ. (IAar, O, TA.) b2: زلّف النَّاسَ, inf. n. as above, He disquieted, or agitated, the people, step by step: (Ibn-'Abbád, Z, O, TA:) accord. to Z, said of a guide. (TA.) b3: زلّف فِى

حَدِيثِهِ, (inf. n. as above, K,) He added, or exaggerated, in his discourse, or narration; (IDrd, O, K;) as also ذرّف. (IDrd, O.) 4 ازلفهُ He made, brought, or drew, him, or it, (namely, a thing, TA,) near. (S, Mgh, Msb, TA.) Hence, in the Kur [xxvi. 90 and 1. 30], وَأُزْلِفَتِ الْجَنَّةُ لِلْمُتَّقِينَ And Paradise shall be brought near to the pious: meaning, accord. to Zj, that their entrance thereinto shall become near, and their view thereof. (TA.) [بِهِ ↓ ازدلف also signifies the same as ازلفه (agreeably with analogy); as is shown by what here follows:] it is said in a trad. of Mohammad El-Bákir, مَا لَكَ مِنْ عَيْشِكَ إِلَّا لَذَّةٌ تَزْدَلِفُ بِكَ إِلَى حِمَامِكَ [i. e. There is not remaining to thee, of thy life, save a pleasure that brings thee near to thy predestined term]. (O, TA.) And ↓ ازدلفهُ means He, or it, brought him near to destruction. (TA.) b2: Also He collected it together; (Msb, TA;) namely, a thing. (Msb.) Hence, in the Kur [xxvi. 64], وَأَزْلَفْنَا ثَمَّ الآخَرِينَ [And we collected there the others]. (TA.) 5 تَزَلَّفَ see the next paragraph.8 اِزْدَلَفَ, (Mgh, Msb,) originally اِزْتَلَفَ, (Msb,) or اِزْدَلَفُوا, and ↓ تزلّفوا, (S, O, L, K,) He, or they, approached, or drew near: (Mgh, O, L, Msb, TA: in the K, تَفَرَّقُوا is erroneously put for تَقَرَّبُوا: TA:) or (O, accord. to the K “ and ”) advanced; or went forward, or before: (S, O, K:) إِلَيْهِ [to him, or it], (Mgh, K,) and مِنْهُ [which means the same, as after دَنَا &c.]: (TA, and Har p. 452:) [and ↓ زَلَفَ and زَلَفُوا, inf. n. app. زَلْفٌ and زَلَفٌ, signify the same: for] you say also, إِلَيْهِ ↓ زَلَفَ He drew near to him, or it: and لَهُ ↓ زَلَفْنَا We advanced, or went forward, to him, or it: (TA:) and زَلْفٌ signifies the act of advancing, or going forward, (A'Obeyd, S, TA,) from place to place; as also زَلَفٌ. (TA.) One says, ازدلف السَّهْمُ إِلَى

كَذَا The arrow approached, or drew near, to such a thing. (Msb.) And it is said in a trad., فَإِذَا زَالَتِ الشَّمْسُ فَاْزْدَلِفْ إِلَى اللّٰهِ فِيهِ بِرَكْعَتَيْنِ, meaning تَقَرَّبْ [i. e., When the sun declines from the meridian, then seek thou to draw near unto God therein by means of the prayers of two rek'ahs]. (TA.) A2: See also 4, in two places.

زَلْفٌ: see زُلْفَةٌ.

زُلْفٌ: see its accus. case voce زُلْفَةٌ, near the end of the paragraph.

زِلْفٌ A meadow; syn. رَوْضَةٌ; (TS, K;) and so ↓ زَلَفَةٌ: (IB, TA:) thus the latter is expl. as occurring in a trad. relating to Ya-jooj and Ma-jooj, in which it is said, ثُمَّ يُرْسِلُ اللّٰهُ مَطَرًا فَيَغْسِلُ الأَرْضَ حَتَّى يَتْرُكَهَا كَالزَّلَفَةِ [Then God will send rain, and it will wash the earth so that it will leave it like the meadow]: but in this instance, several other meanings are assigned to it: see زَلَفَةٌ below. (TA.) زَلَفٌ: see زُلْفَةٌ, in two places: A2: and see also زَلَفَةٌ, in five places.

زُلُفٌ: see its accus. case voce زُلْفَةٌ, near the end of the paragraph.

زُلْفَةٌ i. q. قُرْبَةٌ [i. e. Nearness, with respect to rank, degree, or station]; (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K;) as also ↓ زُلْفَى, (S, Mgh, O, Msb,) and ↓ زَلَفٌ. (IDrd, O, K.) [It would seem that it means also Nearness with respect to place or situation: for SM immediately adds,] hence, in the Kur [lxvii. 27], فَلَمَّا رَأَوْهُ زُلْفَةً, [as though meaning But when they shall see it in a state of nearness: but] Zj says that the meaning is, but when they shall see it (i. e. the punishment) near (قَرِيبًا): and several authors say that زُلْفَةٌ is sometimes used in the sense of قَرِيبٌ, as is stated in the 'Ináyeh. (TA.) And Station, rank, grade, or degree; as also ↓ زُلْفَى, (S, O, K, TA,) and ↓ زَلْفٌ, (TS, K,) and ↓ زَلَفٌ: (K, TA:) pl. of the first زُلَفٌ: (S, * TA:) or (K) ↓ زُلْفَى is a quasi-inf. n.; (S, K;) and such it is in the saying in the Kur [xxxiv. 36], وَمَا

أَمْوَالُكُمْ وَلَا أَوْلَادُكُمْ بِالَّتِى تُقَرِّبُكُمْ عِنْدِنَا زُلْفَى, as though meaning ازْدِلَافًا [i. e. And neither your riches nor your children are what will bring you near to us in advancement: but here it may be well rendered, in station]: (S:) accord. to Ibn-'Arafeh, زُلْفَى signifies the bringing very near: (TA:) the saying of Ibn-El-Tilimsánee that it is pl. of زُلْفَةٌ is very strange, and unknown; the correct pl. of this last word being زُلَفٌ. (MF, TA.) b2: Also A portion (S, K) of the first part (S) of the night, (S, K,) whether small or large: so accord. to Th: or, accord. to Akh, of the night absolutely: (TA:) pl. زُلَفٌ and زُلَفَاتٌ (S, K) and زُلُفَاتٌ and زُلْفَاتٌ: or زُلَفٌ signifies the hours, or periods, (سَاعَات,) of the night, commencing from the daytime, and the hours, or periods, of the daytime, commencing from the night: (K:) and its sing. is زُلْفَةٌ. (TA.) وَزُلَفًا مِنَ اللَّيْلِ, in the Kur [xi. 116], means And at sunset and nightfall (the مَغْرِب and the عِشَآء): (Zj, TA:) some read ↓ زُلُفًا, with two dammehs; which may be a sing., like حُلُمٌ; or a pl. of زُلْفَةٌ, like as بُسُرٌ is of بُسُرَةٌ, with damm to the س in each: [but this is not a parallel instance; for بُسُرٌ is a coll. gen. n. of which بُسُرَةٌ is the n. un., and the latter is not of the same measure as زُلْفَةٌ:] and some read ↓ زُلْفًا, which is a pl. [or rather coll. gen. n.] of زُلْفَةٌ, like as دُرٌّ is of دُرَّةٌ; (K, TA;) or pl. of ↓ زَلِيفٌ, like as قُرْبٌ is of قَرِيبٌ, and غُرْبٌ of غَرِيبٌ: (TA:) and some read ↓ زُلْفَى, in which the alif [written ى] is a denotative of the fem. gender. (K, TA.) A2: See also the next paragraph.

زَلَفَةٌ A full [reservoir of water such as is called]

مَصْنَعَة: (S, K:) pl. [or rather coll. gen. n.]

↓ زَلَفٌ: (S:) so, accord. to Sh, in the trad. mentioned voce زِلْفٌ: (TA:) or ↓ زَلَفٌ signifies full watering-troughs, (K,) as pl. [or coll. gen. n.] of زَلَفَةٌ: (TA:) or a full watering-trough. (K.) Also A [bowl such as is called] صَحْفَة: (K;) and so ↓ زُلْفَةٌ; (Ibn-'Abbád, K;) of which the pl. is زُلَفٌ: (TA:) or a full صَحْفَة; and its pl. [or coll. gen. n.] is ↓ زَلَفٌ. (Lth, TA.) Also A green [vessel of the kind called] إِجَّانَة: (K:) so says AO: pl. [or coll. gen. n.] ↓ زَلَفٌ; and ↓ مَزَالِفُ likewise signifies green أَجَاجِين [app. as an anomalous pl. of زَلَفَةٌ or of زَلَفٌ, like as مَشَابِهُ is of شَبَهٌ]; both, also, mentioned on the authority of AO. (TA.) b2: Also A mother-of-pearl-'shell, or an oyster-shell; syn. صَدَفَةٌ: (K:) KT says that الزَّلَفَة in the trad. mentioned above voce زِلْفٌ has been expl. as meaning the مَــحَارَة, i. e. the صَدَفَة; but he adds, I know not this explanation, unless a pool of water be called مــحارة because the water returns (يَحُورُ) to it and collects in it. (TA.) b3: Also A smooth rock: (K:) so, too, said to mean in the same trad.: and some read الزلقة. (TA.) And Rugged ground. (K.) And Swept ground. (K.) And An even part of a soft mountain. (K.) Pl. (K) [or rather coll. gen. n.] in all these senses (TA) ↓ زَلَفٌ. (K.) b4: See also زِلْفٌ. b5: Also A mirror: (O, K: [in the CK, المَرْأَةُ is put in the place of المِرْآةُ:]) [like زَلَقَةٌ:] mentioned by IB on the authority of Aboo-'Amr Ez-Záhid, and by Sgh on that of Ks: and so, too, it is said to mean in the trad. mentioned above; the earth being likened thereto because of its evenness and cleanness: (TA:) or the face thereof; (K;) as is said by IAar. (TA.) زُلْفَى: see زُلْفَةٌ, in four places.

عُقْبَةٌ زَلُوفٌ [A stage of a journey] far-extend- ing: (O, K:) so says IF. (O.) [In the CK, عَقَبَةٌ is erroneously put for عُقْبَةٌ.]

زَلِيفٌ Advancing; or going forward, or before. (O, K. [It is said in the TA that المُتَقَدِّمُ as the explanation of الزَّلِيفُ is erroneously put in the copies of the K for التَّقَدُّمُ: but this assertion is app. itself erroneous.]) See زُلْفَةٌ, near the end of the paragraph.

أَزْلَفُ expl. by Golius as on the authority of the KL, and by Freytag after him, as meaning Parvo naso præditus ejusque recto ac parvo mucrone, is a mistake for أَذْلَفُ, thus written in my copy of the KL.]

أَزْلَفَةٌ and أَزْلَفَى expl. by Freytag as meaning Copia parva, cœtus hominum parvus, as on the authority of El-Meydánee, are app. mistakes for أَزْفَلَةٌ and أَزْفَلَى.]

مَزْلَفَةٌ Any town (قَرْيَةٌ) that is between the desert and the cultivated land: pl. مَزَالِفُ: (S, * K:) the latter is syn. with بَرَاغِيلُ, signifying the towns (بِلَاد) that are between the cultivated land and the desert; (S;) or, between the desert and the بَحْر [i.e. sea or great river]; such as El-Ambár and El-Kádiseeyeh. (M, TA.) b2: [The pl.] مَزَالِفُ also signifies Places of ascent; or steps, or stairs, by which one ascends: (K:) because they bring one near to the place to which he ascends. (TA.) A2: For the pl. مَزَالِفُ, see also زَلَفَةٌ.

حرد

1 حَرَدَ, (S, A, Msb, K,) aor. ـِ (S, K,) inf. n. حَرْدٌ, (S, Msb,) He tended, repaired, betook himself, or directed himself or his course or aim, to or towards; made for or towards; aimed at; sought, pursued, desired, or intended; (him, or it; IAar, K;) syn. قَصَدَ. (IAar, S, A, Msb, K.) Agreeably with this explanation, some render the words of the Kur [lxviii. 25], وَغَدَوْا عَلَى حَرْدٍ

قَادِرِينَ. (S.) You say to a man, ↓ قَدْ حَرَدْتُ حَرْدَكَ I have tended, repaired, &c., to, or towards, thee; like قَصَدْتُ قَصْدَكَ (Fr, S, * L) and أَقْبَلْتُ قِبَلَكَ. (Fr, L.) A rájiz says, (S,) namely, Hassán, (so in a copy of the S,) أَقْبَلَ سَيْلٌ جَآءَ مِنْ أَمْرِ اللّٰهَ يَحْرِدُ حَرْدَ الجَنَّةِ المُغِلَّهْ

[A torrent advanced, that came by the command of God, tending to the fruitful garden]. (S.) A2: Also, aor. ـِ (K,) inf. n. حَرْدٌ, (S, L,) He prevented, hindered, impeded, withheld, restrained, debarred, inhibited, forbade, prohibited, or interdicted; (IAar, S, K;) and so ↓ حرّد, (L, K,) inf. n. تَحْرِيدٌ. (TA.) Agreeably with this explanation, also, some render the words of the Kur cited above: from حَارَدَتْ said of she-camels, meaning “ they became scanty in their supplies of milk. ” (S.) A3: Also, aor. ـِ (S, L, K,) or ـُ (Az, S, L,) inf. n. حُرُودٌ; (S, K;) [and app. ↓ تحرّد and ↓ انحرد; (see حَرِيدٌ;)] He (a man) separated himself from others; (K;) he left, or abandoned, or forsook, his people, and removed from them; (Az, S;) he retired from his people, and alighted, or took up his abode, in a place by himself. (S.) A4: حَرِدَ, (Sb, S, Msb, K,) aor. ـَ (Msb, K,) and حَرَدَ, aor. ـِ (L, K,) inf. n. حَرْدٌ, (Sb, As, T, IDrd, S, Msb, &c.,) so says Aboo-Nasr Ahmad Ibn-Hátim, companion of As, (S,) and حَرَدٌ, (T, S, Msb,) this latter form of the inf. n. sometimes used, accord. to ISk, (S,) and this is the form heard by Az and AO and As from the Arabs of chaste speech, (TA,) but both forms are chaste, (IAar, TA,) though the former is the more common, (IAar, Msb,) He was, or became, angry: (S, Msb, K, &c.:) he was, or became, exasperated (تحرّش) by one who angered him, and desired to kill him. (T, L.) And حَرَدَ عَلَيْهِ (A, L) and حَرِدَ (L) He was angry with him. (A, L.) A5: حَرِدَ, (S, Msb, K,) aor. ـَ (S, K,) inf. n. حَرَدٌ, (S, Mgh, Msb,) He (a camel) had the disease termed حَرَدٌ [q. v.]: (K:) he had the tendons, or sinews, of one of his fore legs relaxed by the cord whereby the fore shank is sometimes bound up to the arm, or had them in that state naturally, (S, Mgh, Msb, *) so that he shook his fore legs, (S,) or so that he beat the ground [with the fore leg], (Mgh, Msb,) in walking, or going: (S, Mgh, Msb:) or he (a camel) had the tendon, or sinew, of his arm broken, so that his fore leg became lax, and he never ceased to shake it: the tendon, or sinew, breaks only in the outer side of the arm, and it [the arm] seems, when the camel walks or is in motion, as though it stretched, by reason of his raising it so high from the ground, and by reason of its laxness: (ISh, TA:) or he (a beast) raised his legs very high, in walking, or going, and put them down in their place, by reason of his being very short in his step. (L.) b2: Also, aor. and inf. n. as above, He (a man) was oppressed by the weight of his coat of mail, so that he was unable to stretch himself out in walking. (K.) b3: And, with the same aor. and inf. n., It (a bowstring) had one or more of the several portions of which (by their being twisted together) it was composed longer than others. (K.) 2 حرّد: see 1.

A2: Also, (T, L, K,) inf. n. تَحْرِيدٌ, (K,) He twisted a rope so tightly that the strands formed knots, and overlay one another: (T, L:) and he rolled a rope in twisting it (أَدْرَجَ فَتْلَهُ) so that it became round. (AHn, L, K.) [See also the pass. part. n., below.] b2: And, (K,) inf. n. as above, (S, K,) He crooked, curved, or bent, a thing, (S, K,) in the form of an arch. (S.) b3: See also حُرْدِىٌ. [It seems to be implied in the L, that one says حرّد حَائِطَ القَصَبِ, meaning He bound a حُرْدِىّ (q. v.) upon the fence of reeds, or canes, of a fold for sheep &c.]

A3: Also, (K,) inf. n. as above, (T, K,) He (a man) betook himself, or repaired, for covert, or lodging, to a [house, or hut, such as is called] كُوخ, (T, K,) with a gibbous roof. (K.) 3 حَارَدَتْ, (S, A, K,) inf. n. حِرَادٌ, (S,) She (a camel) was, or became, scanty in her supply of milk: (S, A, K:) or ceased to yield milk, or to have milk in her udder. (K.) b2: [Hence,] (tropical:) She (a woman) ceased to have milk in her breasts. (L.) b3: And (tropical:) It (a بَاطِيَة or other vessel) ceased to have wine, or beverage, in it. (L.) b4: And (tropical:) It (a year, سَنَةٌ,) was one of little rain. (S, A, K.) b5: And حارد (tropical:) He (a man) was about to give, and then refrained. (A.) b6: And حَارَدَتْ حَالِى (tropical:) My state, or condition, became changed, so as not to be known, or so as to be displeasing. (A.) 4 احردهُ He separated, or set apart, (K,) and removed, (TA,) him, or it. (K, TA.) 5 تَحَرَّدَ see 1.7 إِنْحَرَدَ see 1. b2: [Also,] It (a star) darted down. (K.) حَرْدٌ i. q. قَصْدٌ: whence the phrase, قَدْ حَرَدْتُ حَرْدَكَ: see 1.

A2: Anger; [as also ↓ حَرَدٌ: see 1:] so in the prov., تَمَسَّكْ بِحَرْدِكَ حَتَّى تُدْرِكَ حَقَّكَ Retain, or persist in, thine anger until thou obtain thy right. (TA.) Rancour, or enmity which one retains in the heart, watching for an opportunity to indulge it. (El-Kálee, MF.) A3: See also حَرِيدٌ.

حِرْدٌ The مَبْعَر [i. e. the intestine, or gut, containing the بَعْر, or dung,] of a camel, (As, S, K,) male or female; (K;) as also ↓ حِرْدَةٌ: (As, K:) pl. حُرُودٌ. (As, S.) b2: An intestine, or a gut: (T:) pl. as above: (IAar:) [or] أَحْرَادٌ signifies the intestines, or guts, of camels; and is probably a pl. of حِرْدٌ, like حُرُودٌ, as the مَبَاعِر and the أَمْعَآء are nearly alike. (L.) Accord. to Lth [and the K], حِرْدٌ signifies A piece of a camel's hump: but this is a mistake: it means (as explained above) an intestine, or a gut. (T.) حَرَدٌ: see حَرْدٌ.

A2: Also A certain disease in the legs of camels, (K, TA,) occasioning them, in walking, or going, to shake their legs, and to beat the ground with them much: (TA:) or a certain disease in their fore legs; (K, TA;) not in the hind legs; caused by the cord whereby the fore shank is sometimes bound up to the arm: (TA:) or an aridity in the tendons, or sinews, of one of the fore legs, occasioned by that cord, (K, TA,) when the animal is young and recently weaned, (TA,) in consequence of which he beats the ground with his fore legs, (K, TA,) or [strikes] his breast [therewith], in walking, or going: (TA:) the disease thus called is casual; [or generally so; (see حُرَيْدَآءُ;)] not natural. (T.) [See حَرِدَ.]

حَرِدٌ: see حَرِيدٌ: A2: and حَارِدٌ: A3: and أَحْرَدُ, in two places.

A4: Also A rope uneven in its strands. (AHn, TA.) A bow-string having one or more of the several portions of which (by their being twisted together) it is composed longer than others. (K.) [See also مُحَرَّدٌ.]

A5: A man in want, or needy. (Yoo, on the authority of an Arab of the desert.) حِرْدَةٌ: see حِرْدٌ.

حُرْدِىٌّ A bundle of reeds, or canes, which is laid upon the rafters, or pieces of wood; (called رَوَافِدُ, IAar, L,) of a roof: (IAar, Mgh, Msb:) [the reeds, or canes, which are thus used in the construction of a roof are tied together in small bundles, each of which I have generally found to consist of about five or six: over them is added a coat of plaster:] pl. حَرَادِىُّ: a Nabathæan word: (S, Mgh, Msb, K:) arabicized: (S:) you should not say هُرْدِىٌّ. (ISk, S, Mgh.) b2: Also, (L, K,) and ↓ حُرْدِيَّةٌ, (Mgh, L, K,) The girdle (حِيَاصَة, Mgh, L, K, TA, in the CK حِياضَة) of a fold for sheep, &c. (حَظِيرَة), which is bound upon the fence (حَائِط) of reeds, or canes, (Mgh, L, K,) crosswise: (Mgh, L:) accord. to IDrd, Nabathæan. (L.) You say, ↓ حَرَّدَهُ, inf. n. تَحْرِيدٌ. (L.) b3: Also ↓ حُرْدِيَّةٌ, (Lth, Msb,) in the 'Eyn هُرْدِيَّةٌ, (Mgh,) but this latter is disallowed by ISk, (Msb,) Reeds, or canes, which are connected, in a bent form, with the arched branches (طَاقَات) of a grape-vine, (Lth, Mgh, Msb,) and upon which the shoots of the vine are let fall. (Mgh.) b4: Also حُرْدِىٌّ, with damm, [irregularly formed from حِرْدٌ, unless it be a mistake for حِرْدِىٌّ,] A man having wide, or capacious, intestines [like those of the camel]. (L, TA.) حُرْدِيَّةٌ: see what next precedes, in two places.

حَرْدَانُ: see حَرِيدُ: A2: and حَارِدُ.

حَرُودٌ (S, A, K) and ↓ مُحَارِدٌ (A, K) and ↓ مُحَارَدَةٌ (K, TA, but omitted in some copies of the K) A she-camel yielding little milk: (S, A, K:) or ceasing to yield milk, or to have milk in her udder. (K.) حُرُودٌ and ↓ حَرَائِدُ, (K, TA,) or ↓ حَرَادِيدُ, (so in a MS. copy of the K and in the CK,) The prominent edges of a rope: (K: [in a MS. copy of the K and in the CK, for حَبْل is erroneously put جَبَل:]) or the former, knots, and parts overlying one another, in a rope, in consequence of the strands' being twisted very tightly. (Az, on the authority of Arabs of his time.) b2: Also the former, pl. of حِرْدٌ [q. v.]. (As, S.) حَرِيدٌ A man who separates himself from others; as also ↓ حَرِدٌ and ↓ حَرْدٌ and ↓ حَارِدٌ and ↓ مُتَحَرِّدٌ (K) and ↓ حَرْدَانُ: (L:) fem. حَرِيدَةُ, not حَرْدَى: (L:) or a man who has left, or abandoned, or forsaken, his people, and removed from them: (Az, S:) or a sole, or single, man: (As, S:) and ↓ مُنْحَرِدٌ signifies solitary, in the dial. of Hudheyl: (As, S:) pl. (of the first, S) حُرْدَآءُ (S, K) and (of the second, TA) حِرَادٌ. (K.) You say, حَلَّ حَرِيدًا He alighted and abode aside, or apart, from the people. (A.) And حَىٌّ حَرِيدٌ A tribe that separates itself from others, (K, TA,) not mixing with them when departing and alighting, (TA,) either on account of its might or on account of its smallness of number (K, TA) and its meanness of condition. (TA.) And كَوْكَبٌ حَرِيدٌ (S, A) and ↓ مُنْحَرِدٌ (S) A solitary star. (S.) Aboo-Dhu-eyb says, ↓ كَأَنَّهُ كَوْكَبٌ فِى الجَوِّ مُنْحَرِدُ [As though it were a solitary star in the region between the heaven and the earth]: but AA reads [منجرد,] with ج, explaining it in the same sense; and saying that the poet means سُهَيْلٌ [or Canopus]. (S.) [See also 7.] And they say, كُلُّ قَلِيلِ فِى

كَثِيرٍ حَرِيدٌ [Everything little among much, or small in number among great in number, is solitary]. (Az, S.) حُرَيْدَآءُ A tendon, or sinew, that is in the place of the cord whereby the fore shank is sometimes bound up to the arm, occasioning a beast to be what is termed أَحْرَد, (K,) i. e., to shake one of his fore legs in walking, or going: sometimes this is natural. (TA.) [See حَرَدٌ.]

حَرَائِدُ: see حُرُودٌ.

حَرَادِيدُ: see حُرُودٌ.

حَارِدٌ: see حَرِيدٌ.

A2: Also, (S, A, K,) and ↓ حَرِدٌ (A, K) and ↓ حَرْدَانُ, Angry: (S, A, K:) exasperated (مُتَحَرِّشٌ) by him who has angered him, and desirous of killing him: (T, L:) or the first, compact in make, strong, feared, or dreaded; whom, by reason of [his] disdainfulness (عزة [i. e.

عِزَّة]) one thinks to be angry. (Ham p. 300.) أَسَدٌ حَارِدٌ An angry lion: pl. حَوَارِدُ. (S, A.) أَحْرَدُ A camel (or a beast, L) having the disease, or fault, termed حَرَدٌ; (S, Mgh, L, Msb, K;) as also ↓ حَرِدٌ: (K:) fem. of the former حَرْدَآءُ. (S.) b2: A man oppressed by the weight of his coat of mail, and unable to stretch himself out in walking; (T, TA;) [and] so ↓ حَرِدٌ. (K.) b3: (tropical:) Niggardly; mean; sordid. (K, TA.) and أَحْرَدُ اليَدَيْنِ (assumed tropical:) Close-fisted, or niggardly. (T.) مُحَرَّدٌ A rope plaited so that it has prominent edges, by reason of its distortion. (S, L. [See also 2; and see حَرِدٌ.]) And A bow-string strongly twisted, having one or more of its strands, or the several portions of which (by their being twisted together) it is composed, appearing over, or above, others; as also مُعَجَّرٌ. (L.) b2: Crooked, curved, or bent, (S, K,) [in the form of an arch: see 2:] applied to anything. (S.) b3: A room in which are [bundles such as are called] حَرَادِىّ of reeds, or canes, (S, L,) laid across [over the rafters of the roof]; (L;) as also مُحَرَّدَةٌ applied as an epithet to a room of the kind called غُرْفَة: (S, L:) and the former word, (K,) used as a subst., (TA,) signifies as above. (K, TA.) b4: Also, (K,) or بَيْتٌ مُحَرَّدٌ, (As, S, A,) A house [or hut] with a gibbous roof, such as is termed كوخ. (As, S, A, * K. *) مُحَارِدٌ and مُحَارِدَةٌ: see حَرُودٌ.

مُتَحَرِّدٌ: see حَرِيدٌ.

مُنْحَرِدٌ: see حَرِيدٌ, in three places.

حرم

1 حَرُمَ, (S, Msb, K,) aor. ـُ (K,) inf. n. حُرْمٌ (Msb, K) and حُرُمٌ (Msb) and حُرْمَةٌ (IKoot, S, Msb) and حِرْمَةٌ (IKoot, Msb) and حَرَامٌ, (Msb, K,) It (a thing, S, Msb) was, or became, forbidden, prohibited, or unlawful, (Msb,) عَلَيْهِ to him. (S, K.) And حَرُمَتِ الصَّلَاةُ, (S, Msb, K,) inf. n. حُرْمٌ (S, K) and حُرُمٌ (K,) and حُرُومٌ; (Az, TA;) and حَرِمَت, (S, Msb, K,) aor. ـَ inf. n. حَرَمٌ [in the CK حَرْم] and حَرَامٌ; (Msb, K, TA;) Prayer was, or became, forbidden, prohibited, or unlawful, (Msb,) عَلَيْهَا to her; (T, S, K;) namely, a woman (T, S, K) menstruating. (S.) and حَرُمَ السَّحُورُ عَلَى الصَّائِمِ [The meal before daybreak was, or became, forbidden to the faster]. (K.) And حَرُمَتِ المَرْأَةُ عَلَى زَوْجِهَا, aor. ـُ inf. n. حُرْمٌ and حَرَامٌ, [The woman was, or became, forbidden to her husband.] (Az, TA.) b2: [Also It (a place, a possession, a right, an office or a function, a quality, a command or an ordinance, &c.,) and he, (a person,) was, or became, sacred, or inviolable, or entitled to reverence, respect, or honour; whence several applications of its part. n. حَرِيمٌ, q. v.]

A2: حَرَمَهُ الشَّىْءَ, aor. ـِ (S, Msb, K;) and حَرِمَهُ الشئ, aor. ـَ (K;) inf. n. حَرِمٌ (S, Msb, K) and حِرْمٌ and حَرِمَةٌ (K) and حِرْمَةٌ and حِرْمَانٌ (S, Msb, K) and حَرِيمَةٌ (S, K) and حَرِيمٌ (K) and مَحْرَمَةٌ; (Har p. 69;) and ↓ احرمهُ الشئ, (S, Msb, K,) but this last is of weak authority; (K;) He denied him, or refused him, the thing; (S, K;) he refused to give him the thing: (TA:) he rendered him hopeless of the thing: (PS:) accord. to the T, حِرْمٌ signifies the act of denying or refusing [a thing]; and حِرْمَةٌ is the same as حِرْمَانٌ; (TA;) which signifies [also the denying, or refusing, a thing; or] the rendering unprosperous, or unfortunate; (KL;) [and frequently, as inf. n. of the pass. v. حُرِمَ, the being denied prosperity; privation of prosperity; ill-fatedness: see its syn. حُرْفٌ.]

A3: حَرِمَتْ, aor. ـَ inf. n. حِرَامٌ; (K;) and ↓ استحرمت; (S, K;) said of a female cloven-hoofed animal, She desired the male: (S, K:) accord. to El-Umawee, (S,) likewise said of a she-wolf and of a bitch: (S, K:) and sometimes also said of a she-camel: but mostly of a ewe or she-goat. (TA.) A4: حَرِمَ, aor. ـَ (S, K,) inf. n. حَرَمٌ, (S,) accord. to Az and Ks, (S,) He was overcome in contending for stakes, or wagers, in a game of hazard, (S, K,) not having himself overcome therein. (K.) A5: Also حَرِمَ, aor. ـَ (K,) inf. n. حَرَمٌ, (TA,) He persisted; or persisted obstinately; or persisted in contention, litigation, or wrangling; or he contended, litigated, or wrangled. (K.) 2 حرّمهُ, inf. n. تَحْرِيمٌ, (S, Msb, K,) said of God, (K,) and of a man, (S, Msb,) He forbade it, prohibited it, or made it unlawful, (S, Msb, K, *) عَلَيْهِ to him; (S;) as also ↓ احرمهُ, (S, * Msb, K,) inf. n. إِحْرَامٌ. (S.) The saying اَللّٰهُ أَكْبَرُ at the commencement of prayer is termed تَكْبِيرَةُ التَّحْرِيمِ [The تكبيرة of prohibition], because it prohibits the person praying from saying and doing anything extraneous to prayer: and it is also termed ↓ تكبيرةُ الإِحْرَامِ, meaning the تكبيرة of entering upon a state of prohibition by prayer. (TA.) It is said in a trad., of Ibn-'Abbás, إِذَا حَرَّمَ الرَّجُلُ امْرَأَتَهُ فَهِىَ يَمِينٌ يُكَفِّرُهَا [When the man declares his wife to be forbidden to him, it is an oath, which he must expiate]: for the تَحْرِيم of a wife and of a female slave may be without the intention of divorce. (TA.) and حَرَّمْتُ الظُّلْمَ عَلَى نَفْسِى, occurring in another trad., [lit. I have forbidden myself wrongdoing, said by Mohammad,] means I am far above wrongdoing. (TA.) تَحْرِيمٌ [as the inf. n. of حُرِّمٌ] means The being refractory, or untractable; [as though forbidden to the rider;] whence مُحَرَّمٌ [q. v.] applied to a camel. (TA.) b2: [Also He made, or pronounced, it, or him, sacred, or inviolable, or entitled to reverence or respect or honour; whence المُحَرَّمُ applied to the حَرَم of Mekkeh, &c:] he, or it, made him, or it, to be reverenced, respected, or honoured. (KL.) A2: He bound it hard; namely, a whip. (KL.) b2: He tanned it incompletely [so that it became, or remained, hard]; namely, a hide. (KL.) A3: See also 4, in two places.4 احرام, [inf. n. إِحْرَامٌ,] He entered upon a thing [or state or time] that caused what was before allowable, or lawful, to him to be forbidden, or unlawful. (S, * Msb. [See also 5.]) And hence, (S, Msb,) He purposed entering upon the performance of the حَجّ or the عُمْرَة: (Msb:) or he (the performer of the حَجّ or the عُمْرَة) entered upon acts whereby what was allowable, or lawful, to him became forbidden, or unlawful; (K, TA;) as venereal intercourse, and the anointing of oneself, and wearing sewed garments, and hunting and the like: (TA:) you say, احرام بِالحَجِّ and بِالعُمْرَةِ, because what was allowable to the person became forbidden; as the killing of objects of the chase, and [venereal intercourse with] women. (S.) And He entered into the حَرَم, i. e. Mekkeh or El-Medeeneh, (K, TA,) or the sacred territory of cither of those cities: (TA:) or he entered into a sacred, or an inviolable, state; or into a state of security or safety, (S, K, TA,) being assured by a compact, or bond, that he should not be attacked [&c.]: (TA:) or it signifies, (K,) or signifies also, (S,) he entered upon a sacred month; (S, Msb, K;) and so ↓ حرّم, (K, TA, [in the CK حَرَمَ,]) inf. n. تَحْرِيمٌ. (TA.) And He entered [as a subject] into the covenanted state of security of the government of the Khaleefeh. (TA.) 'Omar said, الصِّيَامُ إِحْرَامٌ [Fasting is a state of prohibition], because the faster is prohibited from doing that which would break his fast. (Sh, TA.) And الرَّجُلُ يُحْرِمُ فِى

الغَضَبِ, a saying of El-Hasan, means The man swears in anger, because he becomes prohibited thereby (بِهِ ↓ لِتَحَرُّمِهِ) [from doing, or refraining from, a thing]. (TA.) See also 2, second sentence. b2: احرام عَنْهُ He refrained from it [as though he were prohibited from doing it]. (ElMufaddal, TA.) A2: احرمهُ: see 2, first sentence. b2: See also 1.

A3: Also He overcame him in contending for stakes, or wagers, in a game of hazard; (Az, Ks, S, K;) and so ↓ حرّمهُ, (K,) inf. n. تَحْرِيمٌ. (TA.) 5 تحرّم [He became in a state of prohibition]: see 4. [Thus it is similar to 4 in the first of the senses assigned to this latter above. Like as you say, احرم بِالحَجِّ and بِالعُمْرَةِ, so] you say, تحرّم بِالصَّلَاةِ [He became in a state of prohibition by prayer; i. e.] he pronounced the تَكْبِير [or تَكْبِيرَةُ التَّحْرِيمِ, also termed تَكْبِيرَةُ الإِحْرَامِ, (see 2,)] for prayer; he entered upon prayer. (MA.) b2: [Also He protected, or defended, himself.] Yousay, تحرّم مِنْهُ بِحُرْمَةٍ, meaning تمنّع and تحمّى

[He protected, or defended, himself] بِذِمَّةٍ [by a compact, or covenant, whereby he became in a state of security or safety, or by a promise, or an assurance, of security or safety]; (K;) or بِصُحْبَةٍ

[by companionship]; or بِحَقٍّ [by a right, or due]. (TA.) And تحرّم بِصُحْبَتِهِ [He protected, or defended, himself by his companionship: or, as explained in the PS, he sought protection, or security, by his companionship]. (S.) b3: Also [He was, or became, entitled to reverence, respect, or honour; or] he possessed what entitled him to reverence, respect, or honour. (KL.) 8 احترمهُ He held him in reverence, respect, or honour; he reverenced, respected, or honoured, him. (MA.) [See حُرْمَةٌ. Golius and Freytag explain اِحْتَرَمَ as meaning “ Dignitate et præsidio venerabilis fuit: ” but it is the pass., اُحْتُرِمَ, that has this meaning; or rather, he was held in reverence, &c.; was reverenced, &c.]10 استحرم [He deemed himself in a state of prohibition]. It is said in a trad., of Adam, اِسْتَحْرَمَ بَعْدَ مَوْتِ ابْنِهِ مِائَةَ سَنَةٍ لَمْ يَضْحَكْ [He deemed himself in a state of prohibition, after the death of his son, a hundred years, not laughing]: from أَحْرَمَ signifying “ he entered into a sacred, or an inviolable, state. ” (TA.) A2: استحرمت, said of a female cloven-hoofed animal, &c.: see 1.

حَرْمٌ: see حِرْمٌ.

حُرْمٌ The state of إِحْرَام (Az, S, K) on account of the performance of the حَجّ or the عُمْرَة; (Az, TA;) as also ↓ حِرْمٌ. (K in art. حل. [See 4 in the present art.]) Hence the saying, فَعَلَهُ فِى حُلِّهِ وَحُرْمِهِ, and ↓ فِى حِلِّهِ وَ حِرْمِهِ, He did it when he was free from احرام and when he was in the state of احرام. (K in art. حل.) And hence the saying of 'Áïsheh, respecting Mohammad, كُنْتُ أُطَيِّبُهُ لِحُلِّهِ وَحُرْمِهِ, i. e. [I used to perfume him when he was free from احرام and] when he was in the state of احرام: (S, Msb: *) or when he became free from احرام and when he performed the ablution and desired to enter upon the state of احرام for the حَجّ or the عُمْرَة. (Az, TA.) [حُرْمُكَ in copies of the K, explained as meaning نِسَاؤُكَ وَ مَا تَحْمِى, is a mistranscription for حُرَمُكَ: see حُرْمَةٌ.]

حِرْمٌ: see حُرْمٌ, in two places.

A2: See also حَرَامٌ, in two places. b2: وَ حِرْمٌ عَلَى قَرْيَةٍ أَهْلَكْنَاهَا أَنَّهُمْ لَا يَرْجِعُونَ, (S, * K, * TA,) in the Kur [xxi. 95], (TA,) thus read by some, (S, TA,) means وَاجِبٌ [i. e. It is a necessary lot of the people of a town that we have destroyed that they shall not return] (S, K, TA) to their present state of existence: (TA:) so explained by Ks, (S, TA,) and by I'Ab and Fr and Zj: (TA:) some read ↓ حَرْمٌ: (Bd:) the people of El-Medeeneh read ↓ حَرَامٌ; meaning forbidden; and accord. to this reading and meaning, لا is redundant: (TA:) [or حَرَامٌ in this instance is syn. with وَاجِبٌ, like حِرْمٌ; for it is said that] the explanation of Ks is confirmed by the saying of 'Abd-er-Rahmán Ibn-Jumáneh [in the TA حمانة, app. for جُمَانَة,] ElMuháribee, a Jáhilee, لَا أَرَى الدَّهْرَ بَاكِيًا ↓ فَإِنَّ حَرَامًا عَلَى شَجْوِهِ إِلَّا بَكِيتُ عَلَى عَمْرٍو [For it is a necessary thing that I should not ever see one weeping for his sorrow but I should weep for 'Amr]. (TA.) حَرَمٌ: see حَرَامٌ, with which it is sometimes syn., like as زَمَنٌ is with زَمَانٌ. (S, Msb, TA.) b2: [Hence,] الحَرَمُ The حَرَم [or sacred territory] of Mekkeh, (Lth, Az, Msb, * K,) upon the limits of which were set up ancient boundary-marks [said to have been] built by Abraham; (Az, TA;) also called حَرَمُ اللّٰهِ and حَرَمُ رَسُوِلِ اللّٰهِ (K) and ↓ المُحَرَّمُ: (Lth, K:) also the حَرَم of El-Medeeneh: (Msb:) [and Mekkeh itself: and El-Medeeneh itself:] and الحَرَمَانِ [the sacred territory of Mekkeh and that of El-Medeeneh: and] Mekkeh [itself] and El-Medeeneh [itself]: pl. أَحْرَامٌ: (K:) and حَرَمُ اللّٰهِ is also applied to Mekkeh [itself]. (S.) b3: See also حَرِيمٌ, in two places.

حَرِمٌ: see حَرَامٌ, with which it is syn. (TA.) Zuheyr says, وَ إِنْ خَلِيلٌ يَوْمَ مَسْأَلَةٍ

يَقُولُ لَا غَائِبٌ مَالِى وَ لَا حَرِمُ [And if a friend come to him, on a day of solicitation, he says, My cattle are not, or my property is not, absent, nor forbidden, or refused]: (S, IB, TA:) [in the S, this is cited as an ex. of حَرِمٌ as syn. with حِرْمَانٌ, which is an inf. n. of حَرَمَهُ, q. v.: but] IB says that حَرِم means مَمْنُوع: (TA:) يقول in this verse is marfooa though commencing an apodosis, because meant to be understood as put before [in the protasis], accord. to Sb; as though the poet said, يَقُولُ إِنْ أَتَاهُ خَلِيلٌ: accord. to the Koofees, it is so by reason of فَ understood. (S, TA.) حُرْمَةٌ The state of being forbidden, prohibited, or unlawful: (KL:) [and of being sacred, or inviolable; sacredness, or inviolability: (see حَرُمَ, of which it is an inf. n.:)] and the state of being revered, respected, or honoured. (KL.) See also مَحْرَمٌ. b2: Also, (Az, Mgh, Msb, K,) and ↓ حُرُمَةٌ, (Mgh, K,) and ↓ حُرَمَةٌ, (K,) Reverence, respect, or honour; (Az, K, TK;) a subst. from اِحْتِرَامٌ, (Mgh, Msb,) like فُرْقَةٌ from اِفْتِرَاقٌ; (Msb;) and ↓ مَحْرَمٌ signifies the same; but properly, a place of حُرْمَة: (Mgh:) pl. of the first حُرَمَاتٌ and حُرُمَاتٌ and حُرْمَاتٌ, like غرفات pl. of غُرْفَةٌ. (Msb) When a man has relationship [to us], and we regard him with bashfulness, we say, لَهُ حُرْمَةٌ [Reverence, &c., is due to him; or is rendered to him]. (Az, TA.) And we say, لِلْمُسْلِمِ عَلَى

المُسْلِمِ حُرْمَةٌ [Reverence, &c., to the Muslim is incumbent on the Muslim]. (Az, TA.) b3: Also A thing that should be sacred, or inviolable; (S, Msb, K;) and so ↓ مَحْرَمَةٌ and ↓ مَحْرُمَةٌ (S, Msb) and ↓ مَحْرَمٌ: (Msb:) as, for instance, a man's honour, or reputation: (TK:) a thing which one is under an obligation to reverence, respect, or honour [and defend]: (Jel in ii. 190:) a thing of which one is under an obligation to be mindful, observant, or regardful: (Bd ibid.:) [everything that is entitled to reverence, respect, honour, or defence, in the character and appertenances of a person: a thing that one is bound to do, or from which one is bound to refrain, from a motive of reverence, respect, or honour: (see the next sentence:) and any attribute that renders the subject thereof entitled to reverence, respect, or honour:] the pl. of حُرْمَةٌ is حُرُمَاتٌ (Bd and Jel ubi suprà, and TA) [and حُرَمَاتٌ and حُرْمَاتٌ, as above,] and حُرَمٌ; (Msb;) and that of ↓ مَحْرَمٌ [and ↓ مَحْرَمَةٌ and ↓ مَحْرُمَةٌ] is مَحَارِمُ; (Msb;) and مَحْرَمَاتٌ and مَحْرُمَاتٌ [also] are pls. of ↓ مَحْرَمَةٌ and ↓ مَحْرُمَةٌ. (As, S.) حُرُمَاتُ اللّٰهِ means [The inviolable ordinances and prohibitions of God: or] the ordinances of God, and other inviolable things: (Bd and Jel * in xxii. 31:) or what it is incumbent on one to perform, and unlawful to neglect: (Zj, K:) or all the requisitions of God relating to the rites and ceremonies of the pilgrimage and to other things: (Ksh in xxii. 31:) or the حَرَم [or sacred territory] and the requisitions relating to the pilgrimage: (Bd ubi suprà:) or the requisitions relating to the pilgrimage in particular: (Ksh ubi suprà:) or the Kaabeh and the sacred mosque and the sacred territory and the sacred month and the person who is in the state of إِحْرَام: (Ksh and Bd ibid.:) or the inviolability (حُرْمَة) of the sacred territory and of the state of إِحْرَام and of the sacred month: (TA:) or Mekkeh and the pilgrimage and the عُمْرَة, and all the acts of disobedience to God which He has forbidden: (Mujáhid, TA:) or [simply] the acts of disobedience to God. ('Atà, TA.) b4: and [hence, because it should be regarded as sacred, or inviolable,] i. q. ذِمَّةٌ [A compact, a covenant, or an obligation; and particularly such as renders one responsible for the safety, or safe-keeping, of a person or thing, or for the restoration of a thing, or for the payment of a sum of money, &c.; or by which one becomes in a state of security or safety: and simply responsibility, or suretiship: and security, or safety; security of life and property; protection, or safeguard; a promise, or an assurance, of security, safety, protection, or safeguard; indemnity; or quarter: or an obligation, a duty, or a right, or due, that should be regarded as sacred, or inviolable, or the nonobservance of which is blameable]. (K.) b5: and [hence also] A man's حُرَم [i. e. his wives, or women under covert,] and his family: (S:) and [in like manner the pl.] حُرَمٌ, accord. to the K حُرْمٌ, but correctly like زُفَرٌ, (TA,) a man's wives, or women [under covert], (K, TA,) and his household, or family, (TA,) and what he protects, or defends; as also مَحَارِمُ, of which the sing. is ↓ مَحْرُمَةٌ and ↓ مَحْرَمَةٌ: (K, TA:) and hence حُرْمَةٌ is applied by the vulgar to signify a wife. (TA.) [In Har, p. 377, a man's حُرْمَة is said to mean his حَرَم and his family: and in p. 489, a man's حَرَم is said to mean his family and his wives and those whom he protects, or defends. See also حَرِيمٌ.] b6: Also A share, portion, or lot; syn. نَصِيبٌ. (K.) حِرْمَةٌ (K) and ↓ حَرَمَةٌ (Lh, S, K) The desire of a female cloven-hoofed animal, (K,) or of a ewe, or she-goat, (S,) and of a she-wolf and of a bitch, (K,) for the male: (S, K:) حَرَمَةٌ in ewes, or she-goats, is like ضَبَعَةٌ in she-camels, and حِنَآءٌ in ewes. (S.) It is also used, in a trad., in relation to male human beings. (K.) It is said in a trad., respecting those whom the hour [of the resurrection] shall overtake, تُبْعَثُ عَلَيْهِمُ الحِرْمَةُ وَ يُسْلَبُونَ الحَيَآءَ, i. e. Venereal desire [shall be made to befall them, and they shall be bereft of shame]. (S.) حَرَمَةٌ: see what next precedes.

حُرَمَةٌ: see حُرْمَةٌ.

حُرُمَةٌ: see حُرْمَةٌ.

حَرْمَى, applied to a female cloven-hoofed animal, (K,) or to a ewe, or she-goat, (S,) and to a she-wolf and to a bitch, (K,) Desiring the male: pl. حِرَامٌ and حَرَامَى, (S, K,) like عِجَالٌ and عَجَالَى, (S,) or the latter pl. is حُرَامَى; (so accord. to some copies of the K [like عُجَالَى];) as though its masc., if it had a masc., were حَرْمَانُ. (S.) A2: حَرْمَى وَ اللّٰهِ means the same as أَمَا وَ اللّٰهِ [Verily, or now surely, by God]; (K;) as also حَزْمَى وَ اللّٰهِ. (K in art. حزم.) حِرْمِىٌّ, applied to a man, Of, or belonging to, the حَرَم: fem. حِرْمِيَّةٌ. (S, Msb, TA.) [In the TA it is said that Mbr mentions two forms of the epithet حرميّة as applied to a woman: it does not specify what these are; but one seems to be حُرْمِيَّةٌ, for he says that it is from the phrase وَ حُرْمَةِ البَيْتِ

“ by the sacredness of the House ” of God.] Az says, on the authority of Lth, that when they applied the rel. n. from الحَرَمُ to anything not a human being, [as, for instance, to a garment, or piece of cloth,] they said ↓ ثَوْبٌ حَرَمِىٌّ: (Msb:) [but] they also said حِرْمِيَّةٌ, (S,) or سِهَامٌ حِرْمِيَّةٌ, (Msb,) meaning Arrows of the حَرَم: (S, Msb:) and حِرْمِيَّةٌ [also, or قَوْسٌ حِرْمِيَّةٌ,] meaning A bow made of a tree of the حَرَم. (Ham p. 284.) b2: Also A man of the حَرَم whose food was eaten by a pilgrim, and in whose clothes this pilgrim performed his circuiting round the Kaábeh: and a pilgrim who ate the food of a man of the حَرَم, and performed his circuiting round the Kaábeh in this man's clothes: each of these was called the حِرْمِىّ of the other: every one of the chiefs of the Arabs who imposed upon himself hardship, or strictness, in his religious practices had a حرمىّ of the tribe of Kureysh; and when he performed the pilgrimage, would not eat any food but that of this man, nor perform his circuiting round the Kaabeh except in this man's clothes. (TA.) حَرَمِىٌّ: see the next preceding paragraph.

حَرَامٌ Forbidden, prohibited, or unlawful: and sacred, or inviolable; as in the phrases البَيْتُ الحَرَامُ [the Sacred House of God (i. e. the Kaabeh)] and المَسْجِدُ الحَرَامُ [the Sacred Mosque of Mekkeh] and البَلَدُ الحَرَامُ [the Sacred Town or Territory]: (Msb:) contr. of حَلَالٌ; (S;) as also ↓ حَرَمٌ (S, Msb) and ↓ حِرْمٌ (S, Msb, K) and ↓ حَرِمٌ [q. v.] (TA) [and in its primary sense ↓ حَرِيمٌ] and ↓ مَحْرَمٌ: (S, Mgh, Msb:) the pl. [of حَرَامٌ, agreeably with analogy,] is حُرُمٌ; (K;) and ↓ مَحَارِمُ also is a pl. of حَرَامٌ, contr. to rule, (TA,) and signifies things forbidden by God. (K.) See also حِرْمٌ. b2: حَرَامَ اللّٰهِ لَا أَفْعَلُ, (as in some copies of the S,) or حَرَامُ اللّٰه لا افعل, (as in other copies of the S and in the K,) is a saying like يَمِينَ اللّٰهِ لَا أَفْعَلُ, or يَمِينُ اللّٰه لا افعل: (S, K:) it may mean a declaration that the wife or the female slave shall be forbidden [to him who utters it], without the intention of divorcing [thereby the former, or of emancipating the latter; so that it may be rendered, according to the two different readings, I imprecate upon myself, or that which I imprecate upon myself is, what is forbidden of God, if I do it: I will not do such a thing: in like manner, عَلَىَّ الحَرَامُ is often said in the present day]. (TA. [See 2.]) b3: [اِبْنُ حَرَامٍ An illegitimate son: and a disingenuous, or dishonest, person.]

b4: شَهْرٌ حَرَامٌ [A sacred month]: (Msb:) pl. حُرُمٌ. (S, Msb, K.) الأَشْهُرُ الحُرُمُ [The sacred months] (S, * Msb, K) were four; namely, ذُو القَعْدَةِ and ذُو الحِجَّةِ and المُحَرَّمُ and رَجَبٌ; (S, Msb, K;) three consecutive, and one separate: (S, Msb:) in these the Arabs held fight to be unlawful; except two tribes, Khath'am and Teiyi; unless with those who held these months as profane. (S, TA.) b5: حَرَامٌ applied to a man signifies Entering into the حَرَم [or sacred territory of Mekkeh or of El-Medeeneh, or Mekkeh or El-Medeeneh itself]; and is applied also to a woman; and to a pl. number: (TA:) or i. q. ↓ مُحْرِمٌ (S, Msb) as meaning [in, or entering upon, the state of إِحْرَام: i. e. entering upon the performance of those acts of the حَجّ, or of the عُمْرَة, whereby certain things before allowable, or lawful, to him became forbidden, or unlawful; (see 4;) or] purposing to enter upon the performance of the حَجّ or the عُمْرَة: (Msb:) as also ↓ حِرْمٌ: you say, أَنْتَ حِلٌّ and انت حِرْمٌ [Thou art one who has quitted his state of إِحْرَام and thou art in, or entering upon, the state of احرام]: (TA:) the pl. of حَرَامٌ thus applied is حُرُمٌ: (S, Msb:) the fem. of ↓ مُحْرِمٌ is with ة; and the pl. masc.

مُحْرِمُونَ; and the pl. fem. مُحْرِمَاتٌ. (Msb.) b6: See another meaning voce حِرْمٌ.

حِرَامٌ: see حَرِيمٌ.

حَرُومٌ A she-camel that does not conceive when covered. (AA, K. [In the CK, مُغْتاطَة is erro neously put for مُعْتَاطَة.]) حَرِيمٌ: see حَرَامٌ. b2: [Hence,] The appertenances, or conveniences, (حُقُوق and مَرَافِق S, Msb, K,) that are in the immediate environs, (S, Msb,) of a thing, (Msb,) or of a well &c., (S,) or that are adjuncts [or within the precincts] of a house; (K;) because it is forbidden to any but the owner to appropriate to himself the use thereof: (Msb:) or, of a well, the place where is thrown the earth that has been dug out, (K, TA,) and the walking place on either side; in the case of a well dug in a waste land that has no owner, said in a trad. to be forty cubits: (TA: [but see بَدِىْءٌ:]) and of a river, or rivulet, or canal, the place where the mud is thrown out, and the walking-place on each side: (TA:) and of a house, the interior part upon which the door is closed: (Ibn-Wásil ElKilábee, TA:) or the interior part, or middle, (قَصَبَة,) thereof: (T, TA:) [and particularly the women's apartments, and the portion that is for bidden to men who are not related to the women within the prohibited degrees of marriage:] and the court of a mosque: (T, TA:) [and in general,] a place which it is incumbent on one to defend [from intrusion]: (Ham p. 492:) a thing that one protects, and in defence of which one fights; [and particularly, like حُرْمَةٌ as used by the vulgar, a man's wife; and also his female slave; or any woman under covert; and, like حُرَمٌ, pl. of حُرْمَةٌ, as used in the classical language, his wives, or women under covert, and household;] as also ↓ حَرَمٌ: pl. حُرُمٌ, (K,) the pl. of حَرِيمٌ; (TA;) and أَحْرَامٌ, (K,) which is the pl. of ↓ حَرَمٌ. (TA.) b3: A partner, copartner, or sharer. (K.) b4: A friend: so in the saying, فُلَانٌ حَرِيمٌ صَرِيحٌ Such a one is a genuine, or sincere, friend. (TA.) b5: The garment of the مُحْرِم (S, K,) [which he wears during the performance of the حَجّ or the عُمْرَة;] called by the vulgar ↓ إِحْرَامٌ and ↓ حِرَامٌ (TA.) b6: The clothes which the مُحْرِمُون used to cast off, (S, * K, TA,) when, in the time of paganism, they performed the pilgrimage to the House [of God, at Mekkeh], namely, those that were upon them when they entered the حَرَم [or sacred terri tory,] (TA,) and which they did not wear (K, TA) as long as they remained in the حَرَم: (TA:) for the Arabs used to perform their circuiting round the House naked, with their clothes thrown down before them during the circuiting; (T, S, TA;) they saying, “We will not perform the circuiting round the House in clothes in which we have committed sins, or crimes: ” and the woman, also, used to perform the circuiting naked, except that she wore a رَهْط of thongs. (TA.) A poet says, كَفَى حَزَنًا مَرِّى عَلَيْهِ كَأَنَّهُ لَقًى بَيْنَ أَيْدِى الطَّائِفِينَ حَرِيمُ [Sufficiently grievous is my passing by him as though he were a thing thrown away, a cast-off garment of a مُحْرِم, before those performing the circuiting round the Kaabeh]. (S.

حَرِيمَةٌ Anything eagerly desired, or coveted, that escapes one, so that he cannot attain it. (S.) And حَرِيمَةُ الرَّبِّ That which the Lord denies to whomsoever He will. (K.) حَارِمٌ Denying, refusing, or refusing to give. (TA.) b2: هُوَ بِحَارِمِ عَقْلٍ, (so in the copies of the K,) or مَا هُوَ بِحَارِمِ عَقْلٍ, (so in the TA,) means He has intellect, or intelligence: (K:) a phrase mentioned, and thus explained, by Az: and so بِعَارِمِ عَقْلٍ. (TA.) [The right reading is evidently that given in the TA.]

إِحْرَامٌ inf. n. of 4.

A2: See also حَرِيمٌ.

مَحْرَمٌ: see حَرَامٌ, with which it is syn. (S, Mgh, Msb.) [And see an ex. voce حَدٌّ.] b2: See also حُرْمَةٌ, in three places. b3: Also A female relation whom it is unlawful to marry: (T, Msb:) [and such a male relation likewise:] and رَحِمْ مَحْرَمٌ relationship that renders it unlawful to marry. (K.) You say, هِىَ لَهُ مَحْرَمٌ [She is a relation to him such as it is unlawful for him to marry]: and هُوَ لَهَا مَحْرَمٌ and هُوَ مَحْرَمُ مِنْهَا (Mgh) and هُوَ ذُو مَحْرَمٍ مِنْهَا he is one whom it is unlawful for her to marry, (S,) and ذُو رَحِمٍ

مَحْرَمٍ and ذُو رَحِمٍ مَحْرَمٌ, applying محرم as an epithet to رحم and to ذو; (Mgh, Msb;) and ذُو فِى القَرَابَةِ ↓ حُرْمَةٍ: (Ham p. 669:) and in the case of a woman, ذَاتُ رَحِمٍ مَحْرَمٍ. (Msb.) b4: مَحَارِمُ اللَّيْلِ (tropical:) The fearful places of the night, (IAar, S, K, TA,) which the coward is forbidden to traverse. (IAar, S, TA.) [See also مَخَارِمُ, pl. of مَخْرَمٌ.]

مُحْرِمٌ: see حَرَامٌ, in two places: Contr. of مُحِلٌّ: and as such signifying [also] one with whom it is unlawful to fight: (S:) or, as such, whom it is unlawful to slay: (TA in art. حل:) and, as such also, one who has a claim, or covenanted right, to protection, or safeguard. (S in art. حل.) Er-Rá'ee says, قَتَلُوا ابْنِ عَفَّانَ الخَلِيفَةَ مُحْرِمًا (S,) meaning [They slew ('Othmán) Ibn-' Affán, the Khaleefeh,] while entitled to the respect due to the office of Imám and to the [sacred] city and to the [sacred] month: for he was slain [in ElMedeeneh and] in [the month of] Dhu-l-Hijjeh. (Ham p. 310.) And one says, إِنَّهُ لَمُحْرِمُ عَنْكَ Verily he is one whom it is unlawful for thee to harm: (K:) or for whom it is unlawful to harm thee: (IAar, Th:) or whom it is unlawful for thee to harm and for whom it is unlawful to harm thee. (Az, TA.) And مُسْلِمٌ مُحْرِمٌ A Muslim is secure, as to himself and his property, by the respect that is due to El-Islám: or a Muslim refrains from the property of a Muslim, and his honour, or reputation, and his blood. (TA.) b2: One who is at peace with another. (IAar, K.) b3: One who is in the حَرِيم of another. (K.) You say, هُوَ مُحْرِمٌ بِنَا He is in our حَرِيم. (TA.) b4: Fasting, or a faster: because the faster is prohibited from doing that which would break his fast. (TA.) b5: And, for a like reason, Swear ing, or a swearer. (TA.) مَحْرَمَةٌ and مَحْرُمَةٌ pl. مَحَارِمُ (K) and مَحْرَمَاتٌ and مَحْرُمَاتٌ: (As, S:) see each voce حُرْمَةٌ, in four places.

مُحَرَّمٌ [Forbidden, prohibited, or made un lawful: and made, or pronounced, sacred, or in violable, or entitled to reverence or respect or honour]. It is said in a trad., أَمَا عَلِمْتَ أَنَّ الصُّورَةَ مُحَرَّمَةُ, i. e. [Knowest thou not that the face is] forbidden to be beaten? or that it has a title to reverence or respect or honour? (TA.) b2: المُحَرَّمُ The first of the months (S, Msb, K, * TA) of the year (Msb) of the Arabs [since the age of pagan ism]; (TA;) the article ال being prefixed because it is originally an epithet; but accord. to some, it is not prefixed to the name of any other month; or, accord. to some, it may be prefixed to صفر and شوّال: (Msb:) and [in the age of paganism, the seventh month, also called] شَهْرُ اللّٰهِ الأَصَبُّ (K, TA.) [الاصبّ being app. a dial. var. of الأَصَمُّ,] i. e. رَجَبٌ; [for] Az says, the Arabs used to call the month of رَجَب in the age of paganism, الأَصَمُّ and المُحَرَّمُ; and he cites the saying of a poet, أَقَمْنَا بِهَا شَهْرَىْ رَبِيعٍ كِلَاهُمَا وَشَهْرَىْ جُمَادَى وَاسْتَحَلُّوا المُحَرَّمَا [We stayed in it during the two months of Rabeea, both of them, and the two months of Jumádà; and they made El-Moharram to be profane; app. by postponing it, as the pagan Arabs often did]: the Arabs called it thus because they did not allow fighting in it [unless they had postponed it]: (TA:) the pl. is مُحَرَّمَاتٌ (Msb, K) and مَحَارِمُ and مَحَارِيمُ. (K.) b3: See also حَرَمٌ — مُحَرَّمٌ applied to a camel means Refractory, or untractable: (TA:) [or,] thus applied, [like عَرُوضٌ, q. v.,] submissive in the middle part, [but] difficult to be turned about, [i. e. stubborn in the head,] when turned about: (K: [in the CK, الذَّلُولُ الوَسَطُ is erroneously put for الذَّلُولُ الوَسَطِ: in my MS. copy of the K, الذَّلُولُ الوَسط:]) and with ة a she-camel not broken, or not trained: (TA:) or not yet completely broken or trained: (S, TA:) and مُحَرَّمَةُ الظَّهْرِ a she-camel that is refractory, or untractable; not broken, or not trained: in this sense heard by Az from the Arabs. (TA.) b4: (tropical:) A skin not tanned: (K:) or not completely tanned: (S:) or tanned, but not made soft, and not thoroughly done. (TA.) b5: (tropical:) A new whip: (K:) or a whip not yet made soft. (S, A, TA.) b6: (tropical:) An Arab of the desert rude in nature or disposition, chaste in speech, that has not mixed with people of the towns or villages. (TA.) b7: (assumed tropical:) The part of the nose that is soft in the hand. (K.) مَحْرُومٌ Denied, or refused, a gift: (Msb, * TA:) or denied, or refused, good, or prosperity: (Az, K:) in the Kur lxx. 25, (I' Ab, S,) [it has this latter, or a similar, meaning;] i. q. مُحَارَفٌ [q. v.]; (I' Ab, S, K;) who hardly, or never, earns, or gains, anything: (K:) or who does not beg, and is therefore thought to be in no need, and is denied: (Bd:) and who has no increase of his cattle or other property: (K:) opposed to مَزْرُوقٌ: (Az, TA:) accord. to some, who has not the faculty of speech, like the dog and the cat &c. (Har p. 378.) b2: Held in reverence, respect, or honour; reverenced, respected, or honoured; and so ↓ مُحْتَرَمٌ. (KL. [But the latter only is commonly known in this sense.]) مَحَارِمُ an anomalous pl. of حَرَامٌ, q. v.: (TA:) b2: and pl. of مَحْرَمَةٌ and مَحْرُمَةٌ: (K:) b3: and also of المُحَرَّمُ. (K.) مَحَارِيمُ a pl. of المُحَرَّمُ. (K.) مُحْتَرَمٌ [erroneously written in the Lexicons of Golius and Freytag مُحْتَرِمٌ]: see مَحْرُومٌ.

حسر

1 حَسَرَهُ, aor. ـُ (S, Msb, K) and حَسِرَ, (Mgh, Msb, K,) inf. n. حَسْرٌ (S, Msb, K) and حُسُورٌ, (TA,) He removed it, put it off, took it off, or stripped if off, (Mgh, K, TA,) عَنْ شَىْءٍ from a thing which it covered or concealed. (TA.) حُسِرَ is said of anything as meaning It was removed, put off, taken off, or stripped off, from a thing which it covered or concealed. (A.) You say, حَسَرَ كُمَّهُ عَنْ ذِرَاعِهِ He removed his sleeve from his fore arm. (S, A.) And simply حَسَرَ عَنْ ذِرَاعِهِ He uncovered his fore arm. (Msb.) And حَسَرَ عِمَامَتَهُ عَنْ رَأْسِهِ He removed, or took off, his turban from his head. (A.) And حَسَرَتْ دِرْعَهَا, (A, Msb,) aor. ـِ (Msb,) She (a woman) took off her shift (A, Msb) عَنْ جَسَدِهَا from her body: (A:) and خِمَارَهَا her head-covering. (Msb.) b2: [Hence,] حَسَرَتِ الرِّيحُ السَّحَابَ (tropical:) [The wind removed the clouds from the sky]. (A.) And حَسَرَ قِنَاعَ الهَمِّ عَنِّى (tropical:) [He, or it, removed the covering of anxiety from me]. (A.) b3: Also, (K,) inf. n. حَسْرٌ, (TA,) He peeled a branch of a tree. (K, TA.) b4: And He swept a house or chamber. (K, TA.) b5: And حَسَرُوهُ, aor. ـُ inf. n. حَسْرٌ and حُسْرٌ, (tropical:) They begged of him and he gave them until nothing remained in his possession. (TA.) A2: حَسَرَ, (S, A, K,) aor. ـِ and حَسُرَ, (TA,) inf. n. حَسْرٌ (S, TA) and حُسُورٌ; (TA;) and ↓ احسر, (S, K,) inf. n. إِحْسَارٌ; and ↓ حسّر, inf. n. تَحْسِيرٌ; (TA;) He, (a man, S, A,) and it, (a journey, TA,) tired, fatigued, or jaded, (S, A, K,) a beast, (A, TA,) or a camel: (S:) and he drove a camel until he tired, fatigued, or jaded, him. (K.) And حُسِرَتِ الدَّابَّةُ The beast was fatigued so that it was left to remain where it was. (AHeyth.) b2: And حَسَرَ, aor. ـُ (assumed tropical:) It (the distance to which it looked, and the indistinctness of the object,) fatigued the eye. (TA.) and حُسِرَ البَصَرُ مِنْ طُولِ النَّظَرِ (tropical:) [The eye was fatigued by the length of looking: see a similar meaning of حَسَرَ and حَسِرَ, below]. (A.) A3: See 7, with which حَسَرَ is syn. b2: [Hence,] حَسَرَ, (ISk, A, Mgh, Msb,) aor. ـُ (TA,) (tropical:) It (water) sank and disappeared; or became low; or retired: (ISk, A, Mgh:) it sank and disappeared, or retired, from its place: (Msb:) properly, it became removed from the shore: (Mgh:) and it (the sea, or great river,) sank, or retired, from (عَنْ) El-'Irák, and from the shore, so that the ground which was beneath the water appeared: (TA:) you do not say, in this sense, ↓ انحسر. (Az. [But this latter is sometimes used, as, for instance, in the Msb art. جزر.]) Hence, in a trad., كُلْ مَا حَسَرَ عَنْهُ البَحْرُ وَدَعْ مَا طَفَا عَلَيْهِ [Eat thou that from which the sea retires, and leave what floats upon it]. (Mgh.) A4: حَسَرَ, aor. ـِ (S, A, K,) inf. n. حُسُورٌ (S, A) and حَسَرَ; (TA;) and حَسرَ, aor. ـَ (A, K,) inf. n. حَسَرٌ; (TA;) and ↓ استحسر, (S, K,) and ↓ تحسّر; (S;) He (a camel, S, or a beast, A) became tired, fatigued, or jaded, (S, K, TA,) by travel: (TA:) [or] the last signifies he (a camel) fell down from fatigue. (Ham p. 491.) [Hence,] it is said in a trad., ↓ اُدْعُوا اللّٰهَ وَ لَا تَسْتَحْسِرُوا (assumed tropical:) Supplicate ye God, and be not weary: and a similar instance occurs in the Kur xxi. 19. (TA.) b2: [Hence also,] حَسَرَ, aor. ـِ (S, K,) or ـُ (Msb,) inf. n. حُسُورٌ; (S, Msb, K;) and حَسِرَ, aor. ـَ (A;) (tropical:) It (the sight) was, or became, dim, dull, or hebetated; (S, Msb, K;) and it failed; (S, K;) [or became fatigued;] by reason of length of space [overlooked], (S, Msb, K,) and the like; (S, Msb;) or by long looking. (A.) A5: حَسِرَ عَلَيْهِ, aor. ـَ inf. n. حَسَرٌ (S Msb, K) and حَسْرَةٌ, (S, K,) or the latter is a simple subst., (Msb,) and حَسَرَانٌ, (TA,) He grieved for it, or at it; or regretted it; he felt, or expressed, grief, sorrow, or regret, on account of it; syn. تَلَهَّفَ; (Msb, K;) as also ↓ تحسّر: (S, K:) or the former, he grieved for it, or regretted it, (تَلَهَّفَ عَلَيْهِ, S, A, or نَدِمَ عَلَيْهِ, TA,) namely, a thing that had escaped him, most intensely. (S, A, * TA.) [See حَسْرَةٌ.]2 حسّر, inf. n. تَحْسِيرٌ: see 1. b2: Also He despised another: he annoyed, or vexed, him: (K:) he drove him away. (TA.) b3: He caused him to experience, or fall into, grief, or regret: (Mgh, Msb, K:) or to grieve for, or to regret, most intensely, a thing that had escaped him. (S.) A2: حسّرتِ الطَّيْرُ, (S,) inf. n. as above; (S, K) and ↓ تحسّرت, (A, TA,) and ↓ انحسرت; (TA;) The birds moulted; shed their feathers. (S, A, K, * TA.) 4 أَحْسَرَ see 1.

A2: Also احسر القَوْمُ The people, or party, experienced fatigue. (TA.) 5 تحسّر It (the plumage of a bird, A, and the fur, or soft hair, of a camel, S, K) fell off; (S, A, K;) when relating to the fur, or soft hair, of a camel, [said to be] by reason of fatigue; (K;) but this restriction is not necessary; for its falling off is sometimes occasioned by diseases; though it may be said that the former cause is the more common. (TA.) You say also, تحسّر الوَبَرُ عَنِ البَعِيرِ The fur, or soft hair, fell off from the camel: and in like manner one says of the plumage from the birds: (A:) and of the hair from the ass. (TA.) See also 2. b2: تحسّرت بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ [She uncovered herself, or her head and forehead, or her head, or her face, before him: (see حَاسِرٌ:) or] she sat before him with her face uncovered. (TA from a trad.) A2: See also 1, in two places.7 انحسر It became removed, put off, taken off, or stripped off, from a thing which it covered or concealed; (S, A, Mgh, Msb;) as also ↓ حَسَرَ, (K,) which occurs in poetry, (TA,) inf. n. حُسُورٌ. (K.) [See also 5.] b2: It (the darkness) became removed, or cleared away; (A, Msb;) عَنْهُ [from him, or it]. (A.) b3: See also 1: b4: and 2.10 إِسْتَحْسَرَ see 1, in two places.

حَسِرٌ: see حَسِيرٌ.

حَسْرَةٌ Grief, or regret; syn. تَلَهُّفٌ, (Msb, K,) and تَأَسُّفٌ, (Msb,) or نَدَامَةٌ, (Jel in ii. 162 and viii. 36 and xxxix. 57,) or نَدَمٌ and غَمٌّ: (Bd in viii. 36:) or intense lamentation or expression of pain or of grief or of sorrow; syn. شِدَّةُ التَّأَلُّمِ: (Jel in vi. 31 and xxxvi. 29:) or most intense grief or regret (أَشَدُّ التَّلَهُّفِ, S, or أَشَدُّ النَّدَمِ, Zj) for a thing that has escaped one, (S,) so that he who feels it is like a beast that is tired, or fatigued, or jaded, (حَسِير,) and of no use: (Zj in xxxvi. 29 of the Kur:) pl. حَسَرَاتٌ. (Msb.) You say, يَا حَسْرَتَا عَلَيْهِ [O my grief, or regret, &c., for it!] (A.) حَسْرَان: see what next follows.

حَسِيرٌ Tired, fatigued, or jaded, (S, K,) by much travel; (TA;) applied to a camel, (S, K,) alike to the male and the female; and so ↓ حَاسِرٌ and حَاسِرَةٌ, applied to a horse or the like: (TA:) and ↓ مُحَسَّرٌ a camel fatigued, or jaded; emaciated by fatigue, or made to exert himself beyond his strength in a journey: (Ham p. 208:) pl. of the first حَسْرَى. (S, K.) b2: (tropical:) Sight that is dim, dull, or hebetated, and failing, by reason of length of space [overlooked] (S, Msb, K, TA) and the like; (S, Msb;) as also ↓ مَحْسُورٌ; (S, K;) or [fatigued] by long looking. (A) b3: Also, (S, K,) and ↓ حَسِرٌ and ↓ حَسْرَان, (TA, [but whether the latter be with or without tenween is not shown,]) Grieving, or regretting: (K:) or grieving, or regretting, most intensely, on account of a thing that has escaped one. (S, TA.) حَاسِرٌ A man having no مِغْفَر [or covering for the head, made of mail, &c.,] (S, K,) upon him; (S;) nor a coat of mail; (S, K;) contr. of دَارِعٌ; (Mgh;) nor a helmet upon his head; (TA;) contr. of مُقَنَّعٌ: (Mgh:) or having no جُنَّة [or defensive covering, &c.]: (K:) a man having no turban on his head: (TA:) a man having his head uncovered: (A:) pl. حُسَّرٌ, and pl. pl. حُسَّرُونَ; the latter a form used by one of the poets; the former pl. applied to foot-soldiers in war, because they uncover their arms and legs, or because they have not upon them coats of mail nor helmets; occurring in this sense in a trad. (TA.) Also, without ة, A woman who has taken off her shift from her person: (ISd, Msb, TA:) who has taken off her clothes from her person: who has uncovered her head and her fore arms: who has taken off her head-covering: and, with ة, a woman having her face uncovered: pl. حُسَّرٌ and حَوَاسِرُ. (TA.) b2: اِبْنُوا المَسَاجِدَ حُسَّرًا in a trad. of 'Alee, means Build ye mosques, or oratories, with bare walls, with no شُرَف [or acroterial ornaments or crestings]. (TA.) A2: See also حَسِيرٌ.

مَحْسَرٌ (tropical:) The internal, or intrinsic, state or quality, (S, A, K,) of a person; (S, A;) as also ↓ مَحْسِرٌ: (K:) and the latter, [or both,] the nature, or natural disposition. (K, TA.) Yousay, فُلَانٌ كَرِيمُ المَحْسَرِ (tropical:) Such a one is generous, or noble, in respect of his internal, or intrinsic, state or quality: (S, A:) or ↓ المَحْسِرِ, meaning as above: or in respect of his nature, or natural disposition: or face, or countenance. (TA.) مَحْسِرٌ The face, or countenance: (K:) [or a part, of the person, that is uncovered:] the pl., مَحَاسِرُ, signifies the parts, of the person of a woman, that are exposed to view; namely, the face, arms, and legs. (Az.) You say اِمْرَأَةٌ حَسَنَةُ المَحَاسِرِ [A woman beautiful in respect of the parts, of the person, that are exposed to view]. (A.) b2: [Hence, (tropical:) An elevated, plain tract, bare of herbage or trees]. You say أَرْضٌ عَارِيَةُ المَحَاسِرِ (tropical:) Land bare of herbage: (A:) and in like manner, فَلَاةٌ عارية المحاسر a desert without any covering of trees; its محاسر meaning its elevated and plain tracts of ground that are uncovered by plants [or trees]. (T, TA.) b3: See also مَحْسَرٌ, in two places.

مِحْسَرَةٌ An instrument for sweeping; a broom, or besom. (S, K.) مُحَسَّرٌ: see حَسِيرٌ. b2: Also Annoyed; vexed: and despised: (S, K:) applied to a man. (S.) It is said in a trad. that the companions of a man who is to come forth in the end of time, to be called أَمِيرُ العُصَبِ, or, as some say, أَمِيرُ الغَضَبِ shall be مُحَسَّرُونَ, (TA,) meaning despised; (S, TA;) i. e. annoyed, or vexed, and caused to grieve or regret, or to grieve or regret most intensely: or driven away, or outcasts, and fatigued; from حَسَرَ signifying “ he fatigued ” a beast. (TA.) مَحْسُورٌ [pass. part. n. of حَسَرَهُ; Removed; put, taken, or stripped, off: &c. b2: And hence,] (tropical:) A man who has given all that he had, so that nothing remains in his possession: thus it is said to mean in the Kur xvii. 31. (TA.) b3: See also حَسِيرٌ.