قعد

1 قَعَدَ, (S, K, &c.,) aor. ـُ (A, L,) inf. n. قُعُودٌ and مَقْعَدٌ (S, L, K) and قَعْدٌ, (L,) He sat; i. q. جَلَسَ [when the latter is used in its largest sense]; (S, A, L, K;) so accord. to 'Orweh Ibn-Zubeyr, a high authority; contr. of قَامَ: (L:) or it signifies he sat down; or sat after standing: and جلس, he sat after lying on his side or prostrating himself: (Kh, IKh, El-Hareeree, K:) or, as some say, قعد signifies he sat for some length of time. (MF.) See also جَلَسَ. b2: [And hence, He remained.] b3: قَامَ وَقَعَدَ (tropical:) He experienced griefs which disquieted him so that he could not remain at rest, but stood up and sat down. (Mgh, art. قدم.) [See an ex. voce سُدَّةٌ.] هٰذَا شَىْءٌ يَقْعُدُ بِهِ عَلَيْكَ العَدُوُّ وَيَقُومُ (tropical:) [This is a thing for which the enemy will be restless in his attempts against thee]. (A.) ضَرَبَهُ ضَرْبَةَ ابْنَةِ اقْعُدِى وَقُومِى He beat him with a beating of a female slave: (IAar, L, K: *) who is thus called because she sits and stands in the service of her masters, being ordered to do so. (IAar, L.) b4: [قَعَدَ لَهُ, properly, He sat for him, often means He lay in wait for him, in the road, or way: see an ex. in a verse cited voce سَدٌّ.] b5: قَعَدَتِ الرَّخَمَةُ (tropical:) The aquiline vulture lay upon its breast on the ground; syn. جَثَمَت. (S, A, K.) See also جَلَسَ. b6: [Hence, from the notion of sitting down over against any one,] قَعَدَ بِقِرْنِهِ (assumed tropical:) He was able to contend with his adversary. (L, K.) b7: بَنُو فُلَانٍ

لِبَنِى فُلَانٍ يَقْعُدُونَ (assumed tropical:) The sons of such a one are able to contend with the sons of such a one, and come to them with their numbers. (L.) b8: قَعَدُوا عَنَّا (assumed tropical:) They were able to contend for us, with their warriors, and to suffice us in war. (L.) b9: قَعَدَ لِلْحَرْبِ (tropical:) He prepared for war those who should contend therein. (L, K.) b10: قَعَدَ لِلْأَمْرِ He performed the affair; syn. إِهْتَمَّ بِهِ. (Msb.) b11: قَعَدَ يَشْتِمُنِى (tropical:) He set about, fell to, or commenced, reviling me. (Fr, A, L.) b12: [And from the notion of sitting down in refusal or unwillingness,] قَعَدَ عَنِ الأَمْرِ (tropical:) He abstained from, omitted, neglected, left, relinquished, or forsook, the thing or affair; (A, Mgh;) he hung back, or held back, from it. (IKtt.) قَعَدَ عَنْ حَاجَتِهِ (tropical:) He hung, back, or held back, from accomplishing his want. (Msb.) قَعَدَ عَنِ القَوْمِ (assumed tropical:) He remained behind, or after, the people, or party, not going with them. (Msb, art. خلف.) And قَعَدْتُ بَعْدَهُ [(assumed tropical:) I remained behind, or after, him;] as also قعدت خِلَافَهُ: (Msb, ibid.:) and قَعَدَ خِلَافَ أَصْحَابِهِ, He remained behind, or after, his companions; he did not go forth with them (TA, in art. خلف) b13: [قَعَدَ مَعَهُ and قَعَدَ إِلَيْهِ are like جَلَسَ مَعَهُ and جَلَسَ إِلَيْهِ, q. v.] b14: قَعَدَ بِهِ, see 4 in three places, and 5. b15: قَعَدَتْ, inf. n. قُعُودٌ; (K;) or قَعَدَتْ عَنِ الوَلَدِ, (Mgh, K,) and الحَيْضِ, (A, Mgh, Msb, K,) and الزَّوْجِ; (A, Msb, K;) (tropical:) She (a woman) ceased from bearing children, (A, Mgh, K,) and from having the menstrual discharge, and from having a husband. (A, K.) [And hence,] (tropical:) She (a woman) had no husband: (K, * TA:) said of her who is, and of her who is not, a virgin. (TA.) b16: قَعَدَتِ النَّخْلَةُ (tropical:) The palm-tree bore fruit one year and not another. (L, K.) b17: قَعَدَ مَقَاعِدَ رِقَاقًا (assumed tropical:) [He had thin evacuations of the bowels: see سَدَّ] (TA, in art. سك.) b18: قَعَدٌ Laxness (S, K) and depression (S) in the shank (وَظِيف) of a camel. (S, K.) [App. an inf. n., of which the verb is قَعِدَ. But see 1 in art. صدف.]

A2: قَعَدَ It [or he] became; syn. صَارَ. Ex. حَدَّدَ شَفْرَتَهُ حَتَّى قَعَدَتْ كَأَنَّهَا حَرْبَةٌ He sharpened his large knife so that it became as though it were a javelin. And ثَوْبَكَ لَا تَقْعُدُ تَطِيرُ بِهِ الرِّيحُ [in the CK, ثَوْبُكَ and يَقْعُدُ] Take care of thy garment, that the wind do not become flying away with it. (IAar, L, K. *) ثوبك is here in the acc. case because the verb اِحْفَظْ is understood before it. (L.) b2: قَعَدَتِ آلفَسِيلَةُ (tropical:) The young palm-tree came to have a trunk. (S, A, K.) A3: قَعَدَ He (a man, Az) stood. Thus it bears two contr. significations. (Az, L, K.) 2 قَعَّدْتُكَ اللّٰهَ I beg God to perserve, keep, guard, or watch, thee. See قَعِيدَكَ اللّٰهَ. (Aboo-'Alee, IB, L.) See also 4 in two places, and 5.3 قاعدهُ He sat with him. (L.) [See also an ex. in art. سفه, conj. 3.]4 اقعدهُ, (S, L, K,) and بِهِ ↓ قَعَدَ, (L, K,) He caused him to sit, or sit down; he seated him. (S, L.) b2: أُقْعِدَ (tropical:) He was affected by a disease in his body which deprived him of the power to walk: (Msb:) he was unable to rise: (L:) [as though constrained to remain sitting: see مُقْعَدٌ, and قُعَادٌ.] b3: أَقْعَدَهُ الهَرَمُ (tropical:) [Decrepitude crippled him, or deprived him of the power of motion]. (A.) b4: أُقْعِدَ He (a man) was, or became, lame. (S, L.) b5: إِقْعَادٌ in the hind leg of a horse is Its being much expanded (ان تُفْرَشَ جِدًّا), so that it is not erect. (S, L.) b6: أُقْعِدَ He (a camel) had the disease called قُعَاد. (IKtt, L.) b7: أَقَامَهُ وَأَقْعَدَهُ, and ↓ قَامَ بِهِ وَقَعَدَ, (tropical:) He, or it, caused him to experience griefs which disquieted him so that he could not remain at rest, making him to stand up and sit down. (See 1, and مُقْعِدٌ. And see an ex. in a verse cited in art. فنى, conj. 3.] b8: اقعد البِئْرَ He dug the well to the depth of a man sitting: or he left it upon the surface of the ground, and did not dig it so as to reach water. (L, K.) See also مُقْعَدَةٌ. b9: اقعد (Ibn-Buzurj, L) and ↓ إِقْعَنْدَدَ (K) He remained, stayed, abode, or dwelt, in a place. (Ibn-Buzurj, L, K.) A2: اقعدهُ and ↓ قعّدهُ (inf. n. of the latter تَقْعِيدٌ) He sufficed him (namely his father [but in the CK, instead of أَبَاهُ, we read إِيَّاهُ,]) for gaining, or earning; (K, TA;) and aided, or assisted, him. (TA.) b2: اقعدهُ and ↓ قعّدهُ (inf. n. of the latter تَقْعِيدٌ, K) He served him. (IAar, L, K.) [Ex.]

مَا لِفُلَانٍ امْرَأَةٌ تُقْعِدُهُ, and تُقَعِّدُهُ, [Such a one has no wife to serve him]. (A.) A3: اقعدهُ آبَاؤُهُ, and ↓ تقعّدهُ, (tropical:) His ancestors withheld him from eminence, or nobility; (L;) [as also بِهِ ↓ قَعَدَ, and ↓ اقتعدهُ. You say also,] بِهِ عَنْ نَيْلِ ↓ مَا قَعَدَ المَسَاعِى إِلَّا لُؤْمُ عُنْصُرِهِ, and ↓ ما تقعّدهُ, and ما ↓ اقتعدهُ, (tropical:) [Nothing withheld him from attaining to the means of honour and elevation but the baseness of his origin]. (A.) See also 5. b2: وِرْثُهُ بِالإِقْعَادِ (assumed tropical:) [His inheritance is by reason of nearness of relationship]. You do not say بِالقُعُودِ (L.) b3: إِقْعَادٌ (tropical:) The having few ancestors. (IAar, L.) 5 تقعّدهُ (tropical:) He, or it, withheld, restrained, debarred, or prevented, him from attaining the thing that he wanted. (S, L, K.) Ex. مَا تَقَعَّدَنِى

عَنْكَ إِلَّا شُغْلٌ Nothing but business withheld me from thee. (ISk, S.) See also 4. You say also بِى عَنْكَ شُغْلٌ ↓ قَعَدَ Business withheld me from thee. (TA.) [And so,] ↓ مَا قَعَّدَكَ, and ↓ مَا اقْتَعَدَكَ, what hath withheld, restrained, debarred, or prevented, thee? (L.) b2: تقعّد عَنِ الأَمْرِ, (S, A, L, K,) and ↓ تقاعد, (A,) (tropical:) He did not seek, seek for or after, or desire, the thing. (S, A, L, K.) See also 1. b3: تقعّد signifies He held back, or refrained. (KL.) b4: And also He held back, or restrained. (KL.) b5: تقعّدهُ He performed his affair. (IAar, Th, L, K.) 6 تقاعد بِهِ فُلَانٌ (assumed tropical:) Such a one did not pay him his due. (S, L.) A2: See also 5.8 اقتعد He rode a camel: (L, Msb:) he took, or used, a camel as a قُعْدَة q. v. (L, K.) b2: اقتعد قَعِيدَةً [He took a seat of the kind called قعيدة to sit upon]. (L.) R. Q. 3 إِقْعَنْدَدَ: see 4.

قَعْدَكَ آللّٰهَ and قِعْدَكَ, see قَعِيدَكَ آللّٰهَ throughout.

قَعَدٌ Human dung. (L, K.) A2: See also قَاعِدٌ in two places.

قَعْدَةٌ A single sitting. (S, L, Msb.) Ex. قَعَدَ قَعْدَةً وَاحِدَةً He sat a single sitting. (L.) b2: قَعْدَةُ رَجُلٍ, see قِعْدَةٌ in three places.

A2: And see قَاعِدٌ.

A3: ذُو القَعْدَةِ, and ذُو القِعْدَةِ, A certain month; (S, L, K;) [the eleventh month of the Arabian year;] next after شَوَّال: (L:) so called because the Arabs [when their year was solar] used to abstain (يَقْعُدُونَ) therein from journeys (L, K, * TA) and warring and plundering expeditions and laying in stores of corn and seeking pasturage, before performing the pilgrimage in the next month; (L, TA;) or because in that month they broke in the young camels (القِعْدَان) for riding: (Msb, voce جُمَادَى:) pl. ذَوَاتُ القَعْدَةِ (S, L, Msb, K) and ذَوَاتُ القَعَدَاتِ; (Yoo, Msb;) but the former is the regular pl., (Yoo,) because the two words are considered as one, (Msb,) and it is the more common: (TA:) dual ذَوَاتَا القَعْدَةِ and ذَوَاتَا القَعْدَتَيْنِ. (Msb.) قُعْدَةٌ, (K,) or ↓ قُعَدَةٌ, (L,) An ass: (L, K:) pl. قُعْدَاتٌ, (K,) with the ع quiescent, (TA,) [in the CK, قُعْدَانٌ,] or قُعَدَاتٌ. (L.) A2: [The former,] A horse's, and a camel's saddle: (L, K:) pl. قُعُدَاتٌ, (IDrd, L,) with which is syn. قُعَيْدَاتٌ [the dim.]. (S, L.) b2: See قَعُودٌ.

قِعْدَةٌ A mode, or manner, of sitting. (S, L, Msb, K.) Ex. هُوَ حَسَنُ القِعْدَةِ He has a good manner of sitting: (A, L:) and قَعَدَ قِعْدَةَ الدُّبِّ He sat in the manner of sitting of the bear. (A, * TA.) b2: قِعْدَةُ رَجُلٍ, and رَجُلٍ ↓ قَعْدَةُ, (L, K, *) The space occupied by a man sitting: (L, K:) and the height, or depth, of a man sitting. (L.) Ex. شَجَرَةٌ قِعْدَةُ رَجُلٍ A tree of the height of a man sitting: (AHn, in L and TA, passim:) and بِئْرٌ قِعْدَةٌ A well of the depth of a man sitting: (As:) and عُمْقُ بِئْرِنَا قِعْدَةٌ, and ↓ قَعْدَةٌ, The depth of our well is that of a man sitting: (L:) and مَا حَفَرْتُ فِى الأَرْضِ إِلَّا قِعْدَةً, and ↓ قَعْدَةً, I dug not in the ground save to the depth of a man sitting: (Lh, L:) and مَرَرْتُ بِمَآءٍ قِعْدَةِ رَجُلٍ I passed by water of the depth of a man sitting. (Sb, L.) A2: قِعْدَةٌ One's last child, male or female; and one's last children. (K.) قَعَدَةٌ A vehicle, or beast of carriage, (مَرْكَبٌ,) for women: so in the copies of the K in our hands; (S, M;) but accord. to the L, &c., of a man: and it is ↓ قَعِيدَةٌ that bears the former signification. (TA.) b2: The [kind of carpet called] طَنْفَسَة [q. v.] (L, K) upon which a man sits; and the like. (L.) قُعَدَةٌ see قُعْدَةٌ and قُعْدِىٌّ.

قُعْدَدٌ: see the next paragraph.

قُعْدُدٌ (tropical:) Nearness of relationship. (L.) b2: ذُو قُعْدُدٍ A man nearly related to [the father of] the tribe. (Lh.) [And] قُعْدُدٌ and ↓ قُعْدَدٌ (S, K) and ↓ قُعْدُودٌ and ↓ أَقْعَدُ and النَّسَبِ ↓ قَعِيدُ, (L, K,) (tropical:) A man near in lineage to the chief, or oldest, ancestor [of his family or tribe]; (S, L, K;) contr. of طَرِفٌ and طَرِيفٌ: (S, M, K in art. طرف:) and the first, The next of kin to the chief, or oldest, ancestor [of his family]; (Msb;) and contr., remote in lineage therefrom: (L, K:) [in the former sense, an epithet of praise:] in the latter sense, an epithet of dispraise: or, as some say, of praise: (TA:) or, in the first sense, it is an epithet of praise in one point of view, because dominion, or power, or authority, belong to the elder; and of dispraise in another point of view, because the person so termed is of the sons of the very old, and weakness is attributed to him. (S.) b3: المِيرَاثُ القُعْدُدُ (tropical:) The inheritance of him who is nearest of kin to the deceased. (L.) b4: قُعْدُدٌ (assumed tropical:) A cowardly and ignoble man, who holds back, or abstains, from war and from generous actions; (L, K; *) as also ↓ قُعْدَدٌ. (L.) b5: (assumed tropical:) A man withheld from eminence, or nobility, by his lineage; as also ↓ مُقْعَدٌ. (Az, L.) b6: (assumed tropical:) An obscure man; (L, K;) ignoble; of low rank; as also ↓ قُعْدَدٌ. (Az, L.) قُعْدَى [A nearer degree in lineage to the chief, or oldest, ancestor, than طُرْفَى, q. v.]

قُعْدِىٌّ and قِعْدِىٌّ, and both with ة, and ضُجْعِىٌّ and ضِجْعِىٌّ, (K,) and ضُجَعَةٌ ↓ قُعَدَةٌ, (S, K,) A man (S) who sits much and lies much upon his side: (S, K:) or the last, an impotent man, who does not earn that whereby he may subsist; (A;) [and the first two] (assumed tropical:) A man impotent; or lacking power, or ability; (L, K;) as though preferring sitting: (L:) or loving to sit in his house. (A.) قَعَدِىٌّ (tropical:) A man belonging to the sect called القَعَدُ, (L,) or القَعَدَةُ; (A [see قَاعِدٌ];) who holds the opinions of that sect. (L, K.) b2: Also applied by a post-classical poet to (tropical:) A man who refuses to drink wine while he approves of others' drinking it. (L.) قُعَادٌ Lameness in a man. You say مَتَى أَصَابَكَ هٰذَا القُعَادُ When did this lameness befall thee? (S, L;) [and] بِهِ قُعَادٌ, (L, K,) and ↓ إِقعاد, (K,) and ↓ أَقْعَادٌ, (CK,) (tropical:) He has a disease which constrains him to remain sitting. (L, K.) See أُقْعِدَ, and مُقْعَدٌ. b2: قُعَادٌ also signifies, (S, L, K,) and so ↓ إِقْعَادٌ, (S, L,) or ↓ أَقْعَادٌ, with fet-h, (accord. to the K,) A certain disease which affects camels in their haunches, and makes them to incline (or as though their rumps inclined, IAar) towards the ground: (S, K:) or a laxness of the haunches. (IKtt.) قِعَادٌ: see قَعِيدٌ.

قَعُودٌ A young weaned camel: (L, K:) and a young she-camel; i. q. قَلُوصٌ: (K:) or this latter epithet is applied to a female and the former to a male young camel: (ISh, L, Msb:) so called because he is ridden: (Msb:) and a young male camel, until he enters his-sixth year: (K:) or a young male camel when it may be ridden, which is at the earliest when he is two years old, after which he is thus called until he enters his sixth year, when he is called جَمَلٌ: the young she-camel is not called thus, but is termed قَلُوصٌ: (S, L:) Ks heard the term قَعُودَةٌ applied to the female; but this is rare. (Az, L.) b2: A camel which the pastor rides, or uses, in every case of need; (A'Obeyd, S, L, K;) called in Persian رَخْتْ; (A'Obeyd, S, L;) as also ↓ قَعُودَةٌ, (K,) accord. to Lth, the only authority for it known to Az; but Kh says that this signifies a camel which the pastor uses for carrying his utensils &c., and that the ة is added to give intensiveness to the epithet; (TA;) or the former is masc. and the latter fem.; (Ks, L;) and ↓ قُعْدَةٌ: (S, K:) you say نِعْمَ القُعْدَةُ هٰذَا, i. e. المُقْتَعَدُ, [an excellent camel for the pastor's ordinary riding, or use, is this]: (S, L:) or each of these words signifies a camel which the pastor uses for riding and for carrying his provisions and utensils &c.: and قُعْدَةٌ, a camel which a man rides whenever and wherever he will: (L:) the pl. of قَعُودٌ is أَقْعِدَةٌ [a pl. of pauc.] and قُعُدٌ and قِعْدَانٌ and قَعَائِدُ; (L, K;) and pl. pl. [i. e. pl. of قِعْدَانٌ] قَعَادِينُ. (TA.) The dim of قَعُودٌ is قُعَيِّدٌ. It is said in a proverb, إِتَّخَذُوهُ قُعَيِّدَ الحَاجَاتِ They made him an ordinary servant for the performance of needful affairs. (S, L.) قَعِيدٌ A companion in sitting: (S, AHeyth, L, K:) of the measure فَعِيلٌ in the sense of the measure مُفَاعِلٌ. (L.) b2: A preserver; a keeper; a guardian; a watcher. (L, K.) [In some copies of the K, by the omission of وَ, this meaning is assigned to مُقَاعِدٌ.] It is used alike as sing. and pl. and masc. and fem. (L, K) and dual also. (L.) It is said in the Kur, [l. 16,] عَنِ اليَمِينِ وَعَنِ الشِمَالِ قَعِيدٌ [On the right and on the left a sitter, or guardian, or watcher]: respecting which it is observed, that فَعِيلٌ and فَعُولٌ are of the measures used alike as sing. and dual and pl.; as in إِنَّا رَسُولُ رَبِّكَ, [Kur xi. 83, accord. to one reading,] and وَالمَلَائِكَةُ بَعْدَ ذٰلِكَ ظَهِيرٌ, [Kur lxvi. 4:] (S, L:) or, as the grammarians say, قَعِيدٌ is understood after اليمين. (L.) b3: [Hence,] A father; (A'Obeyd, K;) and ↓ قَعِيدَةٌ A man's wife; (S, L, K; *) as also ↓ قِعَادٌ: (S, L:) and قَعِيدَةُ بَيْتِ رَجُلٍ a man's wife: pl. قَعَائِدُ. (L.) b4: قَعِيدَكَ اللّٰهَ, and اللّٰهَ ↓ قَعْدَكَ, and اللّٰهَ ↓ قِعْدَكَ, (K,) but the last was unknown to AHeyth, (L,) [By thy Watcher, or Keeper, God: قعيد and ↓ قعد being epithets, put in the acc. case because of the prep. بِ understood: or] I conjure thee by God; syn. نَشَدْتُكَ اللّٰهَ: some say, the meaning is, as though God were sitting with thee, watching over thee, or keeping thee: [in some copies of the K, for بِحِفْظِهِ عَلَيْكَ, the reading in the TA, we find يَحْفَظُهُ عَلَيْكَ:] or by thy Companion, who is the Companion of every secret, [namely God] !

قَعِيدَكَ لَا آتِيكَ, and لا اتيك ↓ قِعْدَكَ; and قَعِيدَكَ اللّٰهَ لا اتيك, and اللّٰهَ لا اتيك ↓ قِعْدَكَ; are forms of swearing used by the Arabs, in which قعيد and ↓ قعد are inf. us. put in the acc. case because of a verb understood; [or rather, as it appears to me, and as I have said above, they are epithets, put in the acc. case because of the prep. بِ understood;] and the meaning is, By thy Companion, who is the Companion of every secret, [I will not come to thee; and by thy Companion, &c., or by thy Watcher, or Keeper, God, I will not come to thee;] like as one says نَشَدْتُكَ اللّٰهَ: (S, L:) some say, that قعيد and ↓ قعد signify here a watcher, or an observer, and a preserver, a keeper, or a guardian, that God is meant by them, and that they are in the acc. case because أُقْسِمُ followed by the prep. بِ is understood; [the meaning being I swear by thy Watcher, or Keeper, &c., God, &c.; and this opinion is the more agreeable with the explanation given above, “By thy Companion &c. ”:] others say, that they are inf. ns., and that the meaning is, I swear by thy regard, or fear, of God, بِمُرَاقَبَتِكَ اللّٰهَ: El-Mázinee and others, however, assert that قعيد has no verb. (MF.) b5: Ks says that اللّٰهُ ↓ قِعْدَكَ [اللّٰه being in the nom. case] signifies God be with thee! (L.) [or God be thy Companion, or Watcher, or Keeper!]; and so does قَعِيدَكَ اللّٰهُ. (AHeyth, L.) [Or] قَعِيدَكَ اللّٰهَ, (IB, L, K,) and قِعْدَكَ اللّٰهَ, (K,) and قَعْدَكَ اللّٰهَ, (IB, L, TA,) [are] expressions of conciliation, not oaths, as they have not the complement of an oath: the former word in each is an inf. n. occupying the place of a verb, and therefore is put in the acc. case, as in عَمْرَكَ اللّٰهَ, which means عَمَّرْتُكَ اللّٰهَ, i. e., I beg God to prolong thy life: in like manner, قَعَّدْتُكَ اللّٰهَ [in the K, قِعْدَكَ,] signifies, [and so the three first phrases above, of which it is the original form,] I beg God to preserve, keep, guard, or watch, thee; from the saying in the Kur, [l. 16,] عَنِ اليَمِينِ وَعَنِ الشِّمَالِ قَعِيدٌ, i. e. حَفِيظٌ. (Aboo-'Alee, IB, L, K. *) قَعِيدَ كُمَا اللّٰهَ is used in interrogative phrases and in phrases conveying an oath, [and so is قَعِيدَكَ اللّٰهَ]. You say, interrogatively, قَعِبدَكُمَا اللّٰهَ أَلَمْ يَكُنْ كَذَا وَكَذَا [I beg God to preserve, keep, guard, or watch, thee. Was it not so and so?]: and in the other case, قَعِيدَكَ اللّٰهَ لَأُكْرِمَنَّكَ [By thy Watcher, or Keeper, God, I will assuredly pay thee honour!] (Th, L.) b6: [and from the signification of ' father ' is derived] the phrase قَعِيدَكَ لَتَفْعَلَنَّ, By thy father, thou shalt assuredly do such a thing. (K, TA.) A2: What comes to thee from behind thee, (S, L, K,) of gazelles or birds (L, K) or wild animals: contr. of نَطيحٌ: (S, L:) of evil omen. (L.) A3: The locust of which the wings are not yet perfectly formed. (S, K.) قَعِيدَةٌ A thing like the [kind of receptacle called] عَيْبَة, (L, K,) woven by women, (L,) upon which one sits: (L, K:) pl. قَعَائِدُ. (L.) b2: See قَعَدَةٌ

A2: A [sack of the kind called] غِرَارَة: (S, K:) or the like thereof, in which are put قَدِيد [or pieces of flesh-meat, q. v.] and كَعْك: (L, K:) pl. قَعَائِدُ. (S, L.) A3: A sand that is not of an oblong form: (S, L, K:) or a long tract of sand like a rope, cleaving to the ground: (L, K:) or a heap of sand collected together. (L.) A4: See also قَعِيدٌ.

قَعَّادَةٌ A [seat, or couch, of the kind called]

سَرِير: of the dial. of El-Yemen. (TA.) قَاعِدٌ [act. part. n. of قَعَدَ] Sitting; sitting down; pl. قُعُودٌ (Msb) and قُعَّادٌ and قَاعِدُونَ: (TA:) fem. قَاعِدَةٌ; pl. قَوَاعِدُ and قَاعِدَاتٌ. (Msb.) b2: (assumed tropical:) A sack full of grain; (IAar, K;) as though by reason of its fulness it were sitting. (IAar.) b3: [And from قَعَدَ in the third meaning,] قَاعِدٌ عَنِ الغَزْوِ (tropical:) A man holding back, or abstaining, from warring and plundering: pl. قُعَّادٌ and قَاعِدُونَ; and quasi-pl. n. قَعَدٌ: (L:) which last is also explained as signifying those who have no دِيوَان [or register in which they are enrolled as soldiers and stipendiaries], (S, A, L, K,) and (as some say, L) who do not go forth to fight. (L, K.) b4: [And hence, the pl.] قَعَدٌ, [which is, properly speaking, a quasi-pl. n.,] like حَارِسٌ and حَرَسٌ, (S,) and خَادِمٌ and خَدَمٌ: (TA:) [The Abstainers, or Separatists:] the قَعَد (so in the S, L, K: in the A, and some copies of the K, ↓ قَعَدَة:) are (tropical:) The [schismatics called] خَوَارِج: (K:) or certain of the خوارج; (S;) a people of the خوارج who held back (قَعَدُوا) from aiding 'Alee, and from fighting against him; (A;) certain of the حَرُورِيَّة; (L;) the [schismatics called] شُرَاة, who hold the doctrine that government belongs only to God, but do not war; (IAar, L;) who hold the doctrine that government belongs only to God, but do not go forth to war against a people. (L.) b5: [And the sing.,] قَاعِدٌ (tropical:) A woman who has ceased to bear children, (S, K,) and to have the menstrual discharge, (ISk, S, K,) and to have a husband: (Zj, K:) or an old woman, advanced in years: (IAth:) pl. قَوَاعِدُ: (ISk, S:) when you mean “ sitting,” you say قَاعِدَةٌ. (ISk, IAth.) b6: نَخْلَةٌ قَاعِدَةٌ (tropical:) A palm-tree bearing fruit one year and not another: (A, TA:) or, that has not borne fruit in its year. (IKtt.) b7: Also, قَاعِدٌ, A palm-tree: or a young palm-tree: pl. [or rather quasi-pl. n.] قَعَدٌ, like as خَدَمٌ is of خَادِمٌ. (L.) b8: قَاعِدٌ (tropical:) A young palm-tree having a trunk: (A, K:) or, [of] which [the branches] may be reached by the hand. (S, K.) Ex. فِى

أَرْضِهِمْ كَذَا مِنَ القَاعِدِ In their land are so many young palm-trees having trunks. (A.) Thus it is used us a gen. n. (TA.) A2: رَحًى قَاعِدَةٌ A mill which one turns by the handle with the hand. (L.) A3: حَلَبْتَ قَاعِدًا: see art. حلب.

قَاعِدَةٌ A foundation, or basis, of a house: (Msb:) pl. قَوَاعِدُ: (S, Msb:) which signifies, accord. to Zj, the columns, or poles, (أَسَاطِين) of a structure, which support it. (L.) [Hence,] قَاعِدَتَا البَابِ [The two side-posts of the door]. (K, in art. سوم.) b2: بَنَى أَمْرَهُ عَلَى قَاعِدَةٍ, and على قَوَاعِدَ, (tropical:) [He built his affair upon a firm foundation, and, upon firm foundations]. and قَاعِدَةُ أَمْرِكَ وَاهِيَةٌ (tropical:) [The foundation of thine affair is unsound]. (A.) b3: قَوَاعِدُ السَّحَابِ (tropical:) The lower parts of clouds extending across the view in the horizon, likened to the foundations of a building: (A'Obeyd, L:) or clouds extending across the view, and lying low. (IAth, L.) b4: [Hence]

قَوَاعِدُ الهَوْدَجِ The four pieces of wood, (S, K,) placed transversely, [two across the other two, so as to form a square frame,] beneath the هودج (S, K,) which is fixed upon them. (K.) [See 1 in art. فشل.]

A2: As a conventional term, i. q. ضَابِطٌ, i. e. (assumed tropical:) A universal, or general, rule, or canon. (Msb.) [See ضَابِط.]

أَقْعَدُ A camel having a laxness and depression in the shank. See قَعَدٌ. (TA.) But see أَصْدَفَ

A2: فُلَانٌ أَقْعَدُ مِنْ فُلَانٍ (tropical:) Such a one is more nearly related to his chief, or oldest, ancestor than such a one. (IAar, IAth, L.) See also قُعْدُدٌ.

مَقْعَدٌ A place of sitting; a sitting-place; (L, Msb, K;) as also ↓ مَقْعَدَةٌ: (L, K:) pl. of the former مَقَاعِدُ, (Msb,) signifying sittingplaces of people in the markets &c. (S.) هُوَ مِنِّى مَقْعَدَ القَابِلَةِ [He is, with respect to me, as though in the sitting-place of the midwife;] i. e., in nearness; meaning he is sticking close to me, before me: (Sb, S:) denoting nearness of station. (Sb, L.) See also مَعْقِدٌ. b2: [Hence, (tropical:) a place of abode,] تَرَكُوا مَقَاعِدَهُمْ, (tropical:) They left their places of abode. (A.) b3: A time of sitting. (MF.) b4: ↓ المَقْعَدَةُ The anus [as is shown in the S and Msb, voce بَاسُور &c., and so in modern Arabic; and app. also the posteriors, upon which one sits]: syn. السَّافلَةُ. (S, Msb.) مُقْعَدٌ (tropical:) Having a disease which constrains him to remain sitting: (K:) or crippled, or deprived of the power of motion, by a disease in his body; (Mgh, L;) as though the disease constrained him to remain sitting: (Mgh:) or deprived of the power to stand, by protracted disease; as though constrained to remain sitting: (L:) or affected by a disease in his body depriving him of the power to walk: (Msb:) a lame man (S, L:) also, i. q. زَمِنٌ: (Msb:) accord. to the physicians, مُقْعَدٌ and زَمِنٌ are syn.; [see the second explanation above, which is that here indicated;] but some make a distinction, and say that the former signifies having the limbs contracted, and the latter, having a protracted disease; (Mgh;) [which is app. one of the two significations assigned to the former word in the Msb:] accord. to some, it is from قُعَادٌ signifying a disease which affects camels in their haunches: (L:) [and]

مُقْعَدٌ [is applied to] a camel having this disease. (L.) b2: مُقْعَدُ النَّسَبِ, and مقعد الأَسْبَابِ, (assumed tropical:) A man of short lineage. (L.) b3: مُقْعَدُ الحَسَبِ (assumed tropical:) A man without eminence, or nobility. (L.) See also قُعْدُدٌ.

A2: مُقْعَدُ الأَنْفِ (tropical:) A man having wide nostrils: (K:) or having wide and short nostrils. (A, L.) ثَدْىٌ مُقْعَدٌ (tropical:) A breast that is swelling, prominent, or protuberant, (S, A, L, K,) that fills the hand, (A,) and has not yet become folding. (S, L, K.) A3: بِئْرٌ مُقْعَدَةٌ A well that is partly dug, and then left before the water has come into it; (K;) i. q. مُسْهَبَةٌ. (TA.) A4: مُقْعَدَاتٌ (tropical:) Young birds of the kind called قَطًا, before they rise (L, K) to fly. (L.) b2: (tropical:) Frogs. (A, L, K.) أَخَذَهُ المُقِيمُ المُقْعِدُ (tropical:) (A) Griefs took hold upon him, disquieting him so that he could not remain at rest, and making him to stand up and sit down: a phrase similar to أَخَذَهُ مَا قَدُمَ وَمَا حَدُثَ, and مَا قَرُبَ وَمَا بَعُدَ. (Mgh, art. قدم.) A2: مُقْعِدٌ and ↓ مُقَعِّدٌ A servant. (IAar, L.) مَقْعَدَهٌ and المَقْعَدَةُ: see مَقْعَدُ.

مُقْعَدَةُ and مُقْعَدَاتٌ: see مُقْعَدٌ.

مُقَعِّدٌ: see مُقْعِدٌ.

ريش

1 رَاشَهُ, aor. ـِ (S, A, Msb, K,) inf. n. رَيْشٌ, (S, Mgh, TA,) He feathered it, namely, an arrow; stuck the feathers upon it: (S, A, * K:) or he repaired it, or put it into a right state, by putting the feathers upon it: (Mgh:) or he repaired, or put into a right state, its feathers: (Msb:) and ↓ ريّشهُ, (K,) inf. n. تَرْيِيشٌ, (TA,) signifies the same; (K;) and so ↓ ارتاشهُ. (TA.) It is said in a prov., فُلَانٌ لَا يَرِيشُ وَ لَا يَبْرِى [lit., Such a one neither feathers nor pares arrows]; meaning, (assumed tropical:) Such a one neither profits nor injures. (TA.) b2: (assumed tropical:) He fed him, and gave him drink, and clad him; namely, a friend: (K:) (assumed tropical:) he clad him, and aided him; namely, a poor man; because such is like a bird with a clipped wing: (TA:) (assumed tropical:) He (God) restored him, from a state of poverty, to wealth, or competence: (TA:) (tropical:) he strengthened his wing, [or power,] by beneficence to him: (A:) (tropical:) he rectified, or made good, or amended, his state, or condition, (S, K,) and profited him: (K:) (assumed tropical:) he did that which was a means of good to him: or he caused him to attain good: (Msb:) (assumed tropical:) he did good to him: (assumed tropical:) he strengthened him, and aided him to obtain his subsistence. (TA.) In the saying of Dhu-r-Rummeh, رَاشَ الغُصُونَ شَكِيرُهَا (assumed tropical:) [Their shoots clad the branches: or surpassed in length the branches:] it is said to mean كَسَا: or, accord. to AA, طَالَ: but the former meaning is the better known. (TA.) [It is also doubly trans.:] you say, رَاشَهُ اللّٰهُ مَالًا (assumed tropical:) God gave him property. (TA, from a trad.) A2: رَاشَ, (K,) aor. and inf. n. as above, (TA,) [seems to have originally signified, when used intransitively, He became feathered. b2: And hence,] (assumed tropical:) He collected ريش, meaning, property, and أَثَاث [or household goods, or furniture and utensils, &c.]. (K, * TA.) b3: And He (a man) became rich, or in a state of competence: (Fr:) and ↓ تريّش (assumed tropical:) he became wealthy, or abundant in wealth. (Bd in vii. 25.) [See also 8].

A3: He (a bird) shed many feathers. (TA.) 2 رَيَّشَ see 1, first sentence.5 تَرَيَّشَ see 8, in two places: and see 1, last sentence but two.8 ارتاش (tropical:) He became strengthened in his wing, [or power,] by being an object of beneficence; as also ↓ تريّش: (A:) he became in a good state, or condition: (S:) he attained good: (Msb:) he obtained good, and the effect thereof was seen upon him; as also ↓ the latter verb. (TA.) [See also 1, last sentence but two.]

A2: ارتاشهُ: see 1, first sentence.

رَاشٌ A bird whose feathers have grown. (TA.) b2: [And hence,] (assumed tropical:) A man possessing property and clothing; as also ↓ أَرْيَشُ. (TA.) A2: See also the next paragraph.

رِيشٌ [Feathers; plumage;] a certain appertenance of birds, (S, A, Msb, K,) well known, (A, Msb,) constituting their clothing and ornament; (A, TA;) as also ↓ رَاشٌ: (KT, K:) n. un. of the former with ة: (S, Msb:) pl. [of pauc.]

أَرْيَاشٌ (S, K) and [of mult.] رِيَاشٌ. (IJ, K.) b2: Hence, (B,) (tropical:) Clothing: (ISk, B:) or superb, or excellent, clothing; as also ↓ رِيَاشٌ: (S, K:) or both signify what appears of clothing: (KT:) the former occurs in the Kur vii. 25, accord. to one reading; (S;) and ↓ the latter accord. to another reading: (TA:) and hence also, the former signifies (tropical:) ornament; and beauty: (A, TA: *) or ↓ both signify (assumed tropical:) property; and plenty, or abundance of the produce of the earth and of the goods or conveniences and comforts of life: (S:) or the former signifies (assumed tropical:) good; or prosperity; or wealth: (Msb:) and (assumed tropical:) state; or condition: (TA:) and ↓ the latter, (assumed tropical:) property: (Msb:) and (tropical:) goodness of state or condition; (A, TA;) or a goodly state or condition: (Msb:) or the former signifies, (K,) and ↓ the latter also, (TA,) (assumed tropical:) plenty, or abundance of the produce of the earth and of the goods or conveniences and comforts of life; and the means of subsistence: (K, TA:) and (assumed tropical:) property which one has acquired for himself: and أَثَاث [or (assumed tropical:) household-goods, or furniture and utensils, &c.]: (TA:) the Benoo-Kiláb say that ↓ the latter word means (assumed tropical:) household-goods of whatever kind, consisting of clothes, or stuffing for mattresses or the like, or outer garments: and sometimes it means (tropical:) clothes, exclusively of other articles or kinds of property. (ISk, TA.) Yousay, إِنَّهُ لَحَسَنُ الرِّيشِ (tropical:) Verily he is goodly in clothing, or apparel. (TA.) Respecting the saying, أَعْطَاهُ مِائِةً بِرِيشِهَا, it is said, (S, A, * K,) by AO, (S,) that kings, when they gave a gift, put upon the humps of the camels [that bore it] ostrich-feathers, (S, K,) or [other] feathers, (A, TA,) in order that it might be known to be the king's gift; (S, A, K;) and the meaning is, accord. to As, [He gave him a hundred camels] with their saddles (S, A *) and their coverings: (S:) or with their coverings and their cloths beneath the saddles. (K.) رِيَاشٌ: see رِيشٌ, (of which it is a syn. as well as a pl.,) in several places.

رَائِشٌ: see مَرِيشٌ.

A2: Also (tropical:) An agent between two persons, (A, Mgh, K,) namely, the briber and the accepter of a bribe, (Mgh, K,) who composes their affair, (Mgh,) or who gives (يَرِيشُ) this one of the property of that. (A.) Such Mohammad cursed. (Mgh, TA.) [See رَاشٍ, in art. رشو.) أَرْيَشُ: see رَاشٌ.

مَرِيشٌ, applied to an arrow, Feathered; or having the feathers stuck upon it; (S, A, * K;) as also ↓ مُرَيَّشٌ: (A, K:) or having its feathers repaired, or put into a right state: (Msb:) and ↓ رَائِشٌ signifies [the same: (see رَاشَ:) or] having feathers; (K;) being like دَافِقٌ applied to water [in the sense of ذُو دَفْق]. (TA.) Hence the saying, مَا لَهُ أَقَذُّ وَ لَا مَرِيشٌ [lit., He has not a featherless arrow nor a feathered one]; meaning, (assumed tropical:) he has not anything. (S.) مُرَيَّشٌ: see مَرِيشٌ. b2: Also, applied to the kind of garment called بُرْد, (A, K,) an epithet similar to مُسَهَّمٌ: (A:) signifying (tropical:) Figured (Lh, K) with marks in the forms of feathers. (Lh.)

فتخ

1 فَتِخَ, [aor. ـَ inf. n. فَتَخٌ, He, or it, had one, or another, of the qualities denoted by the following explanations of فَتَخٌ: (L:) the primary signification is softness, or suppleness: (As, S, L:) in a man, it is width, or breadth, and softness, or suppleness, of the hand and foot: (S:) or it signifies laxness, and softness, or suppleness, (L, K,) and width, or breadth, (L,) in the joints: (L, K:) or softness, or suppleness, in the joints &c.: (L:) or width, or breadth, and length, of the hand and foot: (L, K:) and in a lion, it is width, or breadth, of the claws, and softness, or suppleness, of the joints: (L:) in camels, i. q. طَرَقٌ [i. e. weakness in the knees; &c.; as inf. n. of طَرِقَ, q. v., the having weakness in the knees; &c.]; (L;) or in camels it is the like of طَرَقٌ: (K, TA: [in the CK, erroneously, طَرْق:]) and in the legs, or hind legs, (فِى الرِّجْلَيْنِ,) it is length of the bone, and paucity of the flesh. (L.) A2: فَتَخَ, (T, S, A, Mgh, K,) aor. ـَ (TK,) inf. n. فَتْخٌ; (S, TA;) and ↓ فتّخ, (K,) inf. n. تَفْتِيخٌ; (TA;) He made [or spread] wide his أَصَابِع [here meaning toes], and made them lax: (K:) or he bent, and made supple, his toes in his sitting [in prayer]: (S:) or he bent his toes towards the sole of the foot in prostration; so accord. to Yahyà Ibn-Sa'eed: (TA:) or he (a person [sitting] in the act of التَّشَهُّد [q. v.]) made his toes supple, and pressed the joints thereof towards the sole of the foot: (A:) or he bent his toes towards the upper side of the foot, (T, Mgh, TA,) not towards the sole thereof. (T, TA.) [See also فَتَحَ.]2 فَتَّخَ see the preceding paragraph, latter half.4 افتخ He (a man, TA) was, or became, fatigued, (K,) or relaxed and fatigued, (TA,) and out of breath. (K, TA.) 5 تَفَتَّخَتْ is said of a woman [as meaning She put on, or wore, a ring of the kind termed فَتَخَة, or rings such as are termed فَتَخ]. (A: in which it is added, وَكَانَتْ نِسَاؤُهُمْ يَتَفَتَّخْنَ فِى أَصَابِعِهِنَّ العَشْرِ [And their women used to wear فَتَخ upon their ten fingers or toes; i. e. upon all their fingers and the thumbs or upon all their toes].) فَتَخٌ: see فَتَخَةٌ. b2: Also Any [little bell such as is termed] جُلْجُل, (K,) thus in all the copies of the K that we have, but in the L any خَلْخَال [i. e. anklet], (TA,) that does not make a sound. (K, TA.) A2: And The inner side of the part between the upper arm and the fore arm; as also ↓ فَتَخَةٌ. (TA.) فَتْخَةٌ: see what next follows.

فَتَخَةٌ (S, L, K, &c.) and ↓ فَتْخَةٌ, (K,) the latter disapproved by MF, but mentioned by more than one of the leading authorities respecting strange words, (TA,) A خَاتَم [here improperly used as meaning simply ring] without a stone, or gem: (A:) or a ring (حَلْقَة) of silver without a stone, or gem; if having in it a stone, or gem, it is called خَاتَمٌ: or a خَاتَم [meaning ring] (L, K) of large size, (K,) upon [a finger of] the hand and [upon a toe of] the foot, (L, K,) with, and without, a stone, or gem: (L:) or a ring (حَلْقَة), (L, K,) of silver, (K,) worn on the إِصْبَع [i. e. finger], (L,) like a خَاتَم: (L, K:) pl. ↓ فَتَخٌ [or rather this is a coll. gen. n. of which فَتَخَةٌ is the n. un.] (S, A, L, K) and فَتَخَاتٌ (S, L, K) and فُتُوخٌ (L, K) and فِتَاخٌ: (L:) the women sometimes put them upon their toes: (S:) or they are properly upon the toes: (IB:) the women of the Time of Ignorance used to put them upon their عَشْر [i. e. ten fingers or toes]. (L.) A2: See also فَتَخٌ.

فُتُوخٌ The joints of the claws of the lion. (K.) b2: And a pl. of فَتَخَةٌ [q. v.]. (L, K.) أَفْتَخُ Having the quality termed فَتَخٌ [expl. in the first sentence of this art.]: as an epithet applied to a man, wide, or broad, in the hand and foot, with softness, or suppleness: (S:) or it signifies lax, or relaxed, and soft, or supple, and wide, or broad, in the joints: or soft, or supple, in the joints &c.: (L:) and, applied to a lion, wide, or broad, in the fore and hind feet, with softness, or suppleness: (L, K: *) fem. فَتْخَآءُ: and pl. فُتْخٌ. (S, L.) [See an ex. in a verse cited voce رَوَحٌ.]

b2: The fem., applied to a she-camel, means Having what is termed طَرَقٌ [expl. above: see 1]. (L.) And فَتْخَآءُ الأَخْلَافِ, so applied, Whose teats rise towards her belly; denoting a quality discommended; but the like in the woman and in the cloven-hoofed animal is commended. (K) b3: Also (i. e. the fem.) Any female bird having lax, or relaxed, wings: afterwards used as a name for the eagle: (MF:) or it is an epithet applied to an eagle; you say عُقَابٌ فَتْخَآءُ, (S, L, K,) meaning an eagle having soft, or supple, wings; (L, K;) because, when it descends, it contracts its wings, and this is only from softness, or suppleness. (S, L.) b4: And, applied to a foot, accord. to As, Soft, or supple: and accord. to AA, having in it a crookedness, or curvature. (TA.) Frogs are فُتْخُ الأَرْجَلِ [app. meaning Soft, or supple, in the hind legs]. (A, TA.) b5: أَفْتَخُ الطَّرْفِ, applied to a gazelle, (A,) or to a man, (K,) means Languid in respect of the eye. (A, K.) A2: And فَتْخَآءُ signifies also A thing, (K, TA,) four-sided, (TA,) resembling a مِلْبَن [app. here meaning the thing thus called upon which bricks are carried from place to place], of wood, upon which the gatherer of [wild] honey sits: (K, TA:) then he is drawn, or pulled, [up] from above, until he reaches the place of the honey [which is generally in a cliff]. (TA.) أَفَاتِيخُ Certain things, or little things, (هَنَوَاتٌ,) of the [fungi termed] فُقُوع, which, when they first come forth, are thought to be truffles, until they are extracted, whereupon they are known: (K, TA:) so says AHn, without mentioning a sing. thereof. (TA.)

خفش

1 خَفِشَ, aor. ـَ inf. n. خَفَشٌ, He had that quality of the eyes, or sight, which is termed خَفَشٌ as this word is explained below. (Msb.) and خَفِشَتْ عَيْنُهُ His eye had that quality. (A.) خَفَشٌ Smallness of the eye, (S, A, K,) or of the eyes, (Msb,) and weakness in the sight, by nature: (S, A, Msb, K:) or a natural narrowness in the eye: (TA:) and sometimes it is a disease: (S, Msb: *) or a corrupt state in the eyelids, (Kh, A, K,) and redness, which causes the eyes to become narrow, (Kh,) without pain, (Kh, A, K,) and without ulceration: (Kh:) and (so in the S and A and Msb, but in the K “ or ”) nyctalopia; or the seeing by night, (S, A, K,) but not by day: (S, K:) or the seeing by night more than by day: (Msb:) and in a cloudy day, but not in a clear one: (S, A, Msb, K:) and sometimes, (tropical:) the being affected with ophthalmia, or inflammation of the eye with pain and swelling. (Msb.) كَأَنَّهْمْ مِعْزَى حَظِيرَةٍ فِى خَفَشٍ [As though they were the goats of a pen, in respect of weakness of sight,] is a prov., applied to him who falls into blindness or perplexity or the darkness of night; because goats are the weakest of the غَنَم in rain and cold: originally said by 'Áïsheh. (TA.) خُفَّاشٌ The bat; syn. وَطْوَاطٌ; (K;) a certain flying thing; (Msb;) that flies by night: (S:) so called because it can scarcely see by day; (Msb;) or because of the smallness of its eyes and the weakness of its sight (K, TA) by day: (TA:) its brain, if the hollows of the soles of the feet be anointed with it, excites the venereal passion: and if burnt, and used as a collyrium, it removes, or stops, (according to different copies of the K,) whiteness of the eye, (K, TA,) and sharpens the sight: (TA:) its blood, if smeared upon the pubes of one who has nearly attained the age of puberty, prevents the growth of hair; (El-Minháj, K;) as some say; but this is not true: (El-Minháj:) and if the pudendum of her who has difficulty in bringing forth, be rubbed gently with its gall-bladder, she brings forth immediately: (K, * TA:) the pl. is خَفَافِيشُ. (S, K.) [See also خُشَّافٌ.]

أَخْفَشُ One who has that quality of the eyes, or sight, which is termed خَفَشٌ as this word is explained above: (S, A, Msb:) and one who contracts his eyes when he looks: (TA:) and one who has in his eyes white fluid matter, or motes, or the like: (Az:) fem. خَفْشَآءُ. (Msb.)

سعد

1 سَعِدَ, (S, A, Msb, K,) aor. ـَ (Msb, K;) and سُعِدَ; (S, A, Msb, K;) inf. n. of the former, (Msb,) or of the latter, (MA,) or of both, (TA,) سَعْدٌ, (MA, Msb, TA,) and of the former, (MA,) or of both, (TA,) سَعَادَةٌ, (MA, TA,) or this latter is a simple subst.; (Msb;) He (a man, S, A, Msb) was, or became, prosperous, fortunate, happy, or in a state of felicity; (S, MA, Msb, TA;) contr. of شَقِىَ; (S, * Msb, K *) with respect to religion and with respect to worldly things. (Msb.) You say, سَعِدْتُ بِهِ and سُعِدْتُ [I was, or became, prosperous, &c., by means of him, or it]. (A.) In the Kur xi. 110, Ks read سُعِدُوا [instead of the common reading سَعِدُوا]. (S.) [See also سَعَادَةٌ, below.] b2: And سَعَدَ يَوْمُنَا, aor. ـَ inf. n. سُعُودٌ (S, K) and سَعْدٌ, (K,) Our day was, or became, prosperous, fortunate, auspicious, or lucky; (S, K;) [contr. of نَحِسَ; and in like manner the verb is used in relation to a star or an asterism &c.; and] سُعِدَ, inf. n. سَعْدٌ, signifies [likewise] the contr. of نُحِسَ. (Mgh.) [See also سُعُودَةٌ, below.] b3: سَعَدَ المَآءُ فِىالأَرْضِ means The water came upon the land unsought; i. e., came flowing [naturally] upon the surface of the land, not requiring a machine to raise it for the purpose of irrigation. (TA, from a trad.) A2: See also 4, in three places.3 ساعدهُ, (A, L, Msb,) inf. n. مُسَاعَدَةٌ (S, L, Msb) and سِعَادٌ; (L;) and ↓ اسعدهُ, (K,) inf. n. إِسْعَادٌ; (S;) He aided, assisted, or helped, him; syn. of the former عَاوَنَهُ, (S, * L, Msb,) and of the latter أَعَانَهُ: (S, * K:) [like as is said of عَاوَنَهُ and أَعَانَهُ,] both signify the same: or مُسَاعَدَةٌ signifies the aiding, or assisting, or helping, in any manner or case; and is said to be from a man's putting his arm, or hand, upon the سَاعِد [or fore arm] of his companion when they walk together to accomplish some object of want, and aid each other to do a thing: [so that سَاعَدَهُ more properly signifies he aided him, being aided by him: but see سَاعِدٌ:] whereas ↓ إِسْعَادٌ signifies specially a woman's aiding, assisting, or helping, another to wail for a dead person: so says El-Khattábee: and this is what is meant in a trad. in which اسعاد is forbidden. (L.) One says, ساعدهُ عَلَيْهِ [He aided, assisted, or helped him against him, or it, or to do it]: and النَّائِحَةُ الثَّكْلَى ↓ أَسْعَدَتِ The wailing-woman assisted the woman bereft of her child to weep and wail. (A.) Accord. to Fr, [but this is questionable,] the primary signification of مُسَاعَدَةٌ and ↓ إِسْعَادٌ is A man's performing diligently the command and good pleasure of God. (L.) 4 اسعدهُ اللّٰهُ, [inf. n. إِسْعَادٌ,] God rendered him prosperous, fortunate, happy, or in a state of felicity; (S, Msb, K;) as also ↓ سَعَدَهُ, aor. ـَ (T, Msb, TA;) but the former is the more common. (Msb.) And اسعد اللّٰهُ جَدَّهُ, (A, L,) God made his good fortune to increase; as also ↓ سَعَدَ جَدَّهُ. (L.) And accord. to Az, اسعدهُ اللّٰهُ and ↓ سَعَدَهُ signify God aided, assisted, or helped, him; and accommodated, adapted, or disposed, him to the right course. (L, TA.) See also 3, in four places.5 تسعّد He sought after the plant called سَعْدَان. (K.) 10 استسعد بِهِ He deemed it, or reckoned it, fortunate, auspicious, or lucky. (K.) You say, استسعد بِرُؤْيَةِ فُلَانٍ He deemed, or reckoned, the sight of such a one fortunate, auspicious, or lucky. (S.) b2: He became fortunate by means of him, or it. (MA.) b3: He sought good fortune by means of him, or it. (MA.) b4: [And استسعدهُ He desired, or demanded, his aid or assistance: for] اِسْتِسْعَادٌ also signifies the desiring, or demanding, aid or assistance [of another]. (KL.) سَعْدٌ an inf. n. of سَعِدَ, (Msb,) or of سُعِدَ, (MA,) or of both: (TA:) and of سَعَدَ: (K, TA:) [and also used as a simple subst.:] see سَعَادَةٌ [with which it is syn.]: and see also سُعُودَةٌ [with which it is likewise syn.]; i. q. يُمْنٌ. (S, A.) b2: It is also an inf. n. used as an epithet, i. e. Prosperous, fortunate, auspicious, or lucky, applied to a day, and to a star or an asterism [&c.: so that it may be used alike as masc. and fem. and sing. and pl.: but it is also used as originally an epithet, forming its fem. with ة; and in this case it has for pl. of mult. سُعُودٌ and pl. of pauc.

أَسْعُدٌ]: you say يَوْمٌ سَعْدٌ, as well as يَوْمُ سَعْدٍ [in which it is used as a subst.]; and كَوْكَبٌ سَعْدٌ: and IJ mentions لَيْلَةٌ سَعْدَةٌ, in which سَعْدَةٌ is like جَعْدَةٌ as fem. of جَعْدٌ. (L.) b3: [Hence,] السَّعْدَانِ is an appellation of The two planets Venus and Mercury: like as [the contr.] النَّحْسَانِ is applied to Saturn and Mars. (Ibn-'Abbád, TA in art. نحس.) b4: And [hence, also,] سَعْدٌ is an appellation given to Each of ten asterisms, (S, L, K,) four of which are in the signs of Capricornus and Aquarius, (S, L,) and are Mansions of the Moon: pl. [of mult.] سُعُودٌ (S, L, K) and سُعُدٌ; but the former is the more known, and more agreeable with analogy; and pl. of pauc. أَسْعُدٌ: (L:) they are distinguished by the following names: — سَعْدُ الذَّابِحِ, (S, L, K,) [or سَعْدٌ الذَّابِحُ, see art. ذبح,] Two stars near together, one of which is called الذابح because with it is a small obscure star, almost close to it, and it seems as though the former were about to slaughter it; and الذابح is a little brighter that it; (Ibn-Kunáseh;) they are the two stars α and β] which are in one of the horns of Capricornus; so called because of the small adjacent star, which is said to be the sheep (شاة) of الذابح, which he is about to slaughter; the Twenty-second Mansion of the Moon: (Kzw:) [see also art. ذبح:] b5: سَعْدُ بُلَعَ (S, L, K) Two obscure stars, lying obliquely, of which Aboo-Yahyà says, the Arabs assert that they rose [at dawn] when God said, يَا أَرْضُ ابْلَعِى مَآءَكِ [Kur xi. 46]; and said to be thus called because one of them seems as though about to swallow the other, on account of its nearness to it: (Ibn-Kunáseh:) or three stars [app. ε and μ with the star of the same magnitude next to them on the north] on [or rather near] the left hand of Aquarius; [the Twenty-third Mansion of the Moon:] (Kzw, descr. of Aquarius:) [See also art. بلع:] b6: سَعْدُ السُّعُودِ (S, L, K) Two stars, the most approved of the سُعُود, and therefore thus named, resembling سعد الذابح [app. a mistake for سَعْدُ البَارِعِ, or some other سعد, not of the Mansions of the Moon,] in the time of their [auroral] rising; (Ibn-Kunáseh;) the star β] which is on the left shoulder-joint of Aquarius, together with the star δ] in the tail of Capricornus; [the Twentyfourth Mansion of the Moon:] (Kzw, descr. of Aquarius:) or a certain solitary bright star: (S:) b7: سَعْدُ الأَخْبِيَةِ (S, L, K) [also called الأَخْبِيَةُ and الخِبَآءُ (see خِبَآءٌ in art. خبى)] Three stars, not in the track of the other سُعُود, but declining from it [a little], in, or respecting, which there is a discordance; they are neither very obscure nor very bright; and are thus called because, when they rise [aurorally], the venomous or noxious reptiles of the earth, such as scorpions and serpents, come forth from their holes; (Ibn-Kuná- seh;) [and this observation is just; for this asterism, about the commencement of the era of the Flight, rose aurorally, in Central Arabia, on the 24th of February, O. S., after the end of the cold season: see مَنَازِلُ القَمَرِ, in art. نزل:] or it consists of three stars, like the three stones upon which the cooking-pot is placed, with a fourth below one of them; (S;) the star [g] that is on the right arm, together with the three stars ζ, η, and π,] on the right hand of Aquarius: so called because, when it rises [aurorally], the venomous or noxious reptiles that have hidden themselves beneath the ground by reason of the cold appear: (Kzw, descr. of Aquarius; [in some copies, incorrectly, for “ that have hidden themselves,” &c., “ hide themselves beneath the ground by reason of the cold: ”]) it is said that the سعد is one star, the brightest of four, the other three of which are obscure; and it is [correctly] said to be called thus because, when it rises [aurorally], the venomous or noxious reptiles that are hidden beneath the ground come forth: it is the Twenty-fifth Mansion of the Moon: (Kzw, descr. of the Mansions of the Moon:) b8: the following are the other سعود, which are not Mansions of the Moon: (S, L, K:) b9: سَعْدُ نَاشِرَةَ (S, L, K) [Two stars, situate, accord. to Ideler, as is said in Freytag's Lex., in the tail of Capricornus]: b10: سَعْدُ المَلِكِ (S, L, K) The two stars [a and o?] on the right shoulder of Aquarius: (Kzw:) b11: سَعْدُ البِهَامِ (S, L, K) The two stars ε and θ?] on the head of Pegasus: (Kzw: [but ii. the copies of his work the name is written سَعْدُ البَهَائِمِ:]) b12: سَعْدُ الهُمَامِ (S, L, K) The two stars ζ and 31 ?] on the neck of Pegasus: (Kzw:) سَعْدُ البَارِعِ (S, L, K) The two stars near together μ and and λ?] in the breast of Pegasus: (Kzw:) b13: سَعْدُ مَطَرٍ (S, L, K) The two stars η and ο ?] on the right [or left ?] knee of Pegasus: (Kzw: but there called سَعْدُ المَطَرِ:) b14: each سعد of these six consists of two stars: between every two stars, as viewed by the eye, is [said to be] a distance of a cubit, (ذِرَاع,) (S, L,) or about a cubit; (K;) [but this is not correct;] and they are disposed in regular order. (S, L.) b15: It is also the name of A certain object of idolatrous worship that belonged to the sons of Milkán (S, K) the son of Kináneh, (S,) in a place on the shore of the sea, adjacent to Juddeh. (TA.) A poet says, وَهَلْ سَعْدُ إِلَّا صَخْرَةٌ بِتَنُوفَةٍ

مِنَ الأَرْضِ لَا تَدْعُو لِغَىٍّ وَلَا رُشْدِ [And is Saad aught but a mass of rock in a desert tract of the earth, not inviting to error nor to a right course?]. (S, TA.) Hudheyl is said to have worshipped it in the Time of Ignorance. (TA.) b16: بِنْتُ سَعْدٍ is metonymically used as meaning (tropical:) The virginity, or hymen, of a girl or woman. (TA.) b17: ↓ أَسَعْدٌ أَمْ سُعَيْدٌ, meaning (tropical:) Is it a thing liked or a thing disliked? (S, A, K,) is a prov., (S, A,) which [is said to have] originated from the fact that Saad and So'eyd, [the latter name erroneously written in some copies of the S and K سَعِيد,] the two sons of Dabbeh the son of Udd, went forth (S, K, TA) to seek some camels belonging to them, (TA,) and Saad returned, but So'eyd was lost, and his name became regarded as unlucky: (S, K, TA:) Dabbeh used to say this when he saw a dark object in the night: and hence it is said in allusion to care for one's relation; and in inquiring whether a good or an evil event have happened. (TA.) [The saying may also be rendered, Is it a fortunate thing or a little fortunate thing?] b18: سَعْدَيْكَ, in the saying لَبَّيْكَ وَسَعْدَيْكَ, signifies Aiding Thee after aiding [i. e. time after time]; syn. إِسْعَادًا لَكَ بَعْدَ إِسْعَادٍ: (ISk, T, S, L, K:) or aiding Thee and then aiding: (Ahmad Ibn-Yahyà, L:) or aiding thy cause after aiding [i. e. time after time]: (T, L:) and hence it is in the dual number: (IAth, L:) El-Jarmee says that it has no sing.; and Fr says the same of it, and also of لَبَّيْكَ: it is in the accus. case as an inf. n. governed by a verb understood. (L.) It occurs in the form of words preceding the recitation of the Opening Chapter of the Kur-án in prayer, لَبَّيْكَ وَسَعْدَيْكَ وَالخَيْرُ بَيْنَ يَدَيْكَ وَالسَّرُّ لَيْسَ إِلَيْكَ [meaning I wait intent upon thy service, or upon obedience to Thee, time after time, and upon aiding thy cause time after time; and good is before Thee, and evil is not imputable to Thee]. (L, TA.) A2: Also The third part of the لَبِنَة [or gore] (K, TA) of a shirt: (TA:) [the dim.] ↓ سُعَيْدٌ signifies the fourth part thereof. (K, TA.) سُعْدٌ and ↓ سُعَادَى A certain kind of perfume, (S, K,) well known: (K:) or the former is pl. of ↓ سُعْدَةٌ, [or rather a coll. gen. n. of which سُعْدَةٌ is the n. un.,] and this last is [the name of] a certain kind of sweet-smelling root; it is a rhizoma (أَرُومَة), round, black, hard, like a knot; which forms an ingredient in perfumes and medicines: (AHn:) and ↓ سُعَادَى is the name of its plant; (Lth, AHn;) and its pl. is سُعَادَيَاتٌ: (AHn:) or the سُعْد is a certain plant having a root (أَصْل) beneath the ground, black, and of sweet odour: and the ↓ سُعَادَى is another plant: (Az:) [in the present day, the former of these two names (سُعْد) is applied to a species of cyperus: a species thereof is termed by Forskål (in his Flora Aegypt. Arab, pp. lx. and 14,) cyperus complanatus; and he writes its Arabic name “ sæad ” and “ sææd: ”] it has a wonderful efficacy applied to ulcers, or sores, that heal with difficulty. (K.) سُعُدٌ A certain sort of dates. (K, TA.) سُعْدَةٌ: see سُعْدٌ [of which it is the n. un.].

دُرُوعٌ سَعْدِيَّةٌ Coats of mail of the fabric of a town called السَّعْدُ. (TA.) سَعْدَانٌ, in which the ن is an augmentative letter, because there is not in the language any word of the measure فَعْلَالٌ except خَزْعَالٌ and قَهْقَارٌ unless it is of the reduplicative class, (S,) A certain plant, (S, K,) growing in the plain, or soft, tracts, (TA,) one of the best kinds of the pastures of camels, (S, K,) as long as it continues fresh; (TA;) having [a head of] prickles, (T, S, K,) called حَسَكَةُ السَّعْدَانِ, (T, S,) to which the nipple [or the areola] of a woman's breast is likened: (S, K: [see سَعْدَانَةٌ, below:]) the Arabs say that the camels that yield the sweetest milk are those that eat this plant: (TA:) and they fatten upon it: (Az, TA:) it is of the kind of plants called أَحْرَار [pl. of حُرٌّ, meaning slender, and succulent or soft or sweet], dust-coloured, and sweet, and eaten by everything that is not large, [as well as by camels,] and it is one of the most wholesome kinds of pasture: (AHn, TA:) it is a herb, or leguminous plant, having a round fruit with a prickly face, which, when it dries, falls upon the ground on its back, and when a person walking treads upon it, the prickles wound his foot: it is one of the best of their pastures in the days of the رِبيع, and sweetens the milk of the camels that feed upon it; for it is sweet as long as it continues fresh; and in this state men such it and eat it: (Az, L:) the n. un. is with ة. (TA.) Hence the prov., مَرْعًى وَلَا كَالسَّعْدَانِ [Pasture, but not like the سعدان]: (S, K:) said of a thing possessing excellence, but surpassed in excellence by another thing; or of a thing that excels other things of the like kind. (TA.) b2: Also The prickles of the palm-tree. (AHn, TA.) سُعْدَانَ, like سُبْحَانَ, is a name for الإِسْعَاد [inf. n. of 4, and, like سبحان, invariable, being put in the accus. case in the manner of an inf. n.]: one says, سُبْحَانَهُ وَسُعْدَانَهُ, meaning أُسَبِّحُهُ وَأُطِيعُهُ [i. e. I declare, or celebrate, or extol, his (i. e. God's) remoteness, or freedom, from every imperfection, or impurity, &c., (see art. سبح,) and I render Him obedience, or aid his cause]. (K, TA.) سَعْدَانَةٌ n. un. of سَعْدَانٌ. (TA.) b2: سَعْدَانَةُ الثَّنْدُوَةِ The nipple of a woman's breast; as being likened to the [head of] prickles of the plant called سَعْدَان, as mentioned above: (S, K:) or سَعْدَانَةُ الثَّدْىِ, i. e. the blackness [or areola] around the nipple: (A:) or the part surrounding the ثَدْى [here meaning nipple], like the whirl of a spindle. (TA.) b3: [Hence likewise,] سَعْدَانَةٌ signifies also The knot of the شِسْع [or appertenance that passes between two of the toes and through the sole] of the sandal, (S, A, K,) beneath, (A, K,) next the ground; (S;) also called رُغْبَانَةٌ. (K in art. رغب.) b4: And The knot beneath the scale of a balance: (K, * TA:) the knots beneath the scale of a balance (S, A) are called its سَعْدَانَات. (A.) b5: And the pl., سَعْدَانَاتٌ, Things in the lower parts of the [tendons, or sinews, called] عُجَايَة, resembling nails (أَظْفَار). (S, K.) b6: Also the sing., The callous protuberance upon the breast of the camel, (S, A, K,) upon which he rests when he lies down: (A, TA:) so called because of its roundness. (TA.) b7: and The anus: (K:) or the sphincter thereof. (TA.) b8: And The part of the vulva of a mare where the veretrum enters. (TA.) A2: Also A pigeon: or السَّعْدَانَةُ is the name of a certain pigeon. (K, *, TA.) سَعِيدٌ, applied to a man, (S, Msb,) Prosperous, fortunate, happy, or in a state of felicity; (T, S, A, Msb, K;) with respect to religion and with respect to worldly things; (Msb;) as also ↓ مَسْعُودٌ: (A, * K:) or the latter signifies, (T, S, Msb,) or signifies also, (K,) and so may the former signify, (T, TA,) rendered prosperous, fortunate, happy, or in a state of felicity, by God; (T, S, Msb, K;) irregularly derived from أَسْعَدَهُ, (S, * K * MF,) or regularly from سَعَدَهُ: (T, Msb:) one should not say مُسْعَدٌ: (S, K:) fem. of the former [and latter] with ة: (TA:) pl. of the former سُعَدَآءُ, (A, Msb, TA,) and, accord. to Lh, سَعِيدُونَ and أَسَاعِدُ; but ISd says, I know not whether he mean [of] the [proper] name or of the epithet; but أَسَاعِدُ as pl. of سَعِيدٌ is anomalous: (TA:) the pl. of ↓ مَسْعُودٌ is [مَسْعُودُونَ and] مَسَاعِيدُ. (A, TA.) A2: Also A نَهْر [i. e. river, or rivulet, or canal of running water,] (K, TA) that irrigates the land in the parts adjacent to it, when it is appropriated thereto: or a small نَهْر: the نَهْر for irrigation of a tract of seed-produce: pl. سُعُدٌ. (TA.) سُعَيْدٌ: see سَعْدٌ, [of which it is the dim.,] in the last quarter of the paragraph, in two places.

سَعَادَةٌ an inf. n. of سَعِدَ (MA, TA) and of سُعِدَ, (TA,) or a simple subst., (Msb,) Prosperity, good fortune, happiness, or felicity, of a man; (S, Msb, K;) contr. of شَقَاوَةٌ; (S, Msb, * K;) with respect to religion and with respect to worldly things: (Msb:) [and so ↓ سَعْدٌ used as a simple subst.:] it is of two kinds; أُخْرَاوِيَّةٌ [relation to the world to come] and دُنْيَاوِيَّةٌ [relating to the present world]: and the latter is of three kinds; نَفْسِيَّةٌ [relating to the soul] and بَدَنِيَّةٌ [relating to the body] and خَارِجِيَّةٌ [relating to external circumstances]. (Er-Rághib, TA in art. شقو.) [See also what next follows.]

سُعُودَةٌ Prosperousness, fortunateness, auspiciousness, or luckiness, (S, L,) of a day, and of a star or an asterism [&c.]; (L;) [as also ↓ سَعْدٌ used as a simple subst.;] contr. of نُحُوسَةٌ. (S, L.) السَّعِيدَةُ A temple to which the Arabs (K, TA) of the tribe of Rabeea (TA) used to perform pilgrimage, (K, TA,) at [Mount] Ohod, in the Time of Ignorance. (TA.) سُعَادَى: see سُعْدٌ, in three places.

سَعِيدِيَّةٌ A sort of garments of the kind called بُرُود, of the fabric of El-Yemen: (S, K:) app. so called in relation to the mountains of BenooSa'eed. (TA.) b2: And حُلَّةٌ سَعِيدِيَّةٌ [A certain kind of dress]: so called in relation to Sa'eed Ibn-El-'Ás, whom, when a boy, or young man, the Prophet clad with a حُلَّة, the kind of which was thence thus named. (Har. p. 596.) سَاعِدٌ The fore arm (ذِرَاع) of a man; (K;) the part of the arm from the wrist to the elbow; (T, L;) or from elbow to the hand: (Mgh, Msb:) so called because it aids the hand in seizing a thing (T, Msb) or taking it (T) and in work: (Msb:) or it signifies, (S,) or signifies also, (Msb,) the upper arm, or upper half of the arm, from the elbow to the shoulder-blade, syn. عَضُدٌ, [q. v.,] (S, Msb,) of a man: (S:) [and in like manner, of a beast, both the fore shank and the arm:] in some one or more of the dialects, the upper of the زَنْدَانِ [which may mean either the upper arm or the radius]; the ذِرَاع being the lower of them [which may mean either the “ fore arm ” or the “ ulna ”]: (L, TA:) of the masc. gender: (Msb:) pl. سَوَاعِدُ. (T, Mgh, Msb, TA.) One says, شَدَّ اللّٰهُ عَلَى سَاعِدِكَ and سَوَاعِدِكُمْ [May God strengthen thy fore arm and aid thee, and your fore arms and aid you]. (A, TA.) b2: and hence, [A kind of armlet;] a thing that is worn upon the fore arm, of iron or brass or gold. (Mgh.) b3: [Hence also,] سَاعِدَا الطَّائِرِ (assumed tropical:) The two wings of the bird. (S, K.) b4: And السَّوَاعِدُ (tropical:) The anterior, or primary, feathers of the wing: so in the phrase, طَائِرٌ شَدِيدُ السَّوَاعِدِ (tropical:) [A bird strong in the anterior, or primary, feathers of the wing]. (A, TA.) b5: Also the sing., (assumed tropical:) A chief, upon whom people rely. (TA.) b6: And the pl., سَوَاعِدُ, (tropical:) The channels in which water runs to a river or small river (نَهْر), (S, A, K,) or to a sea or large river (بَحْر); (AA, S, K;) the sing. said by AA to be سَاعِدٌ, without ة: or this latter signifies a channel in which water runs to a valley, and to a sea or large river (بَحْر): or the channel in which a large river (بَحْر) runs to small rivers (أَنْهَار). (L.) And (tropical:) The places from which issues the water of a well: the channels of the springs thereof. (L.) b7: Also (assumed tropical:) The medullary cavities; the ducts through which runs the marrow in a bone. (S, K.) b8: And (tropical:) The ducts (AA, A, TA) in the udder (A, TA) from which the milk comes (AA, A, TA) to the orifice of the teat; as being likened to the سواعد of the بَحْر: (AA, TA:) the قَصَب of the udder: (As, TA:) or سَاعِدٌ signifies the orifice of a she-camel's teat, from which the milk issues: and سَاعِدُ الدَّرِّ, a duct by which the milk descends to the she-camel's udder: and in like manner سَاعِدٌ signifies a duct that conveys the milk to a woman's breast or nipple. (TA.) b9: أَمْرٌ ذُو سَوَاعِدَ means (tropical:) An affair having several modes, or manners, [in which it may be per-formed,] and several ways of egress therefrom. (A, TA.) سَاعِدَةٌ The bone of the shank. (TA.) b2: and A piece of wood, (K, TA,) set up, (TA,) that holds the pulley. (K, TA.) A2: سَاعِدَةُ is a name of The lion: (S, K:) imperfectly decl., like أُسَامَةُ. (TA.) أَسْعَدُ [More, and most, prosperous or fortunate or happy; an epithet applied to a man:] masc. of سُعْدَى: (S, K:) but IJ says that سُعْدَى as an epithet has not been heard. (TA.) A2: Also A [cracking of the skin, such as is termed] شُقَاق, resembling mange, or scab, that happens to a camel, and in consequence of which he becomes decrepit, (K, TA,) and weak. (TA.) مَسْعُودٌ: see سَعِيدٌ, in two places.

حمر

1 حَمَرَ, (S, K,) aor. ـُ (S,) inf. n. حَمْرٌ, (TA,) He pared a thong; stripped it of its superficial part: (S, K:) or he (a sewer of leather or of skins) pared a thong by removing its inner superficial part, and then oiled it, previously to sewing with it, so that it became easy [to sew with; app. because this operation makes it to appear of a red, or reddish, colour]. (Yaakoob, S.) b2: and [hence,] He pared, or peeled, anything; divested or stripped it of its superficial part, peel, bark, coat, covering, crust, or the like: and ↓ حمرّ, inf. n. تَحْمِيرٌ, signifies the same in an intensive degree, or as applying to many objects; syn. قشّر. (TA.) b3: Also, (S, K,) aor. and inf. n. as above, (S,) He skinned a sheep [and thus made it to appear red]. (S, K.) b4: He shaved the head [and thus made it to appear red, or of a reddish-brown colour, the common hue of the Arab skin]. (K.) And حَمَرَتِ المَرْأَةُ جِلْدَهَا [The woman removed the hair of her skin]. (TA.) The term حَمْرٌ is [also] used in relation to soft hair, or fur, (وَبَر,) and wool. (TA.) b5: حَمَرَهُ بِالسَوْطِ He excoriated him (قَشَرَهُ) with the whip. (TA.) b6: حَمَرَ الأَرْض, aor. and inf. n. as above, It (rain) removed the superficial part of of the ground. (TA.) b7: حَمَرَهُ بِاللِّسَانِ (assumed tropical:) He galled him (قَشَرَهُ) with the tongue. (TA.) A2: حَمِرَ, aor. ـَ (Lth, S, K,) inf. n. حَمَرٌ, (Lth, S,) He (a horse) suffered indigestion from eating barley: or the odour of his mouth became altered, or stinking, (K, TA,) by reason thereof: (TA:) or he became diseased from eating much barley, (Lth,) or he suffered indigestion from eating barley, (S,) so that his mouth stank: (Lth, S:) and in like manner one says of a domestic animal [of any kind]: part. n. ↓ حَمِرٌ. (TA.) A3: حَمِرَ عَلَىَّ, (Sh, K, *) aor. and inf. n. as above, (Sh,) He (a man) burned with anger and rage against me. (Sh, K. *) A4: حَمِرَتِ الدَّابَّةُ, (K,) aor. and inf. n. as above, (TA,) [The horse] became like on ass in stupidity, dulness, or want of vigour, by reason of fatness. (K.) 2 حمّر, inf. n. تَحْمِيرٌ: see 1. b2: Also He cut [a thing] like pieces, or lumps, of flesh-meat. (K.) b3: He dyed a thing red. (Msb.) b4: [He wrote with red ink. b5: See also تَحْمِيرٌ, below.]

A2: He called another an ass; saying, O ass. (K.) A3: He rode a مِحْمَر; i. e. a horse got by a stallion of generous race out of a mare not of such race; or a jade. (A, TA.) A4: He spoke the language, or dialect, of Himyer; (S, K;) as also ↓ تَحَمْيَرَ. (K.) 4 احمر He (a man, TA) had a white child (وَلَدٌ أَحْمَرُ,) born to him. (K.) A2: He fed a beast so as to cause its mouth to become altered in odour, or stinking, (K, TA,) from much barley. (TA.) 5 تحمّر He asserted himself to be related to [the race of] Himyer: or he imagined himself as though he were one of the Kings of Himyer: thus explained by IAar. (TA.) 7 انحمر مَا عَلَى الجِلْدِ [What was upon the skin became removed]: said of hair and of wool. (TA.) 9 احمرّ, (S, Msb, K,) inf. n. اِحْمِرَارٌ, (K,) It became أَحْمَر [or red]; (Msb, K;) as also ↓ احمارّ: (K:) both these verbs signify the same: (S:) or the former signifies it was red, constantly, not changing from one state to another: and ↓ the latter, it became red, accidentally, not remaining so; as when you say, جَعَلَ يَحْمَارُّ مَرَّةً وَيَصْفَارُّ أُخْرَى

He, or it, began to become red one time and yellow another. (TA.) [It is also said that] every verb of the measure اِفْعَلَّ is contracted from اِفْعَالَّ; and that the former measure is the more common because [more] easy to be pronounced. (TA.) b2: احمرّ البَأْسُ (tropical:) War, or the war, became vehement, or fierce: (S, A, IAth, Msb, K:) or the fire of war burned fiercely. (TA.) 11 إِحْمَاْرَّ see 9, in two places. Q. Q. 2 تَحَمْيَرَ: see 2. b2: Also He (a man, TA) became evil in disposition. (K.) حَمرٌ, applied to a horse &c.: see حَمِرَ.

A2: Also A man burning with anger and rage: pl. حَمِرُونَ. (Sh.) حُمَرٌ (incorrectly written, by some physicians and others, ↓ حُمَّرٌ, with teshdeed, MF) and ↓ حَوْمَرٌ (which is of the dial. of the people of 'Omán, a form disallowed by MF, but his disallowal requires consideration, TA) The tamarindfruit: (K:) it abounds in the Saráh (السَّرَاة) and in the country of 'Omán, and was seen by AHn in the tract between the two mosques [of Mekkeh and El-Medeeneh]: its leaves are like those of the خِلَاف called البَلْخِىّ: AHn says, people cook with it: its tree is large, like the walnut-tree; and its fruit is in the form of pods, like the fruit of the قَرَظ. (TA.) A2: Also, the former word, Asphaltum, or Jews' pitch; bitumen Judaicum; syn. قَفْرٌ يَهُودِىٌّ. (Ibn-Beytár: see De Sacy's Abd-allatif,” p. 274.) A3: See also حُمَّرٌ.

حُمْرَةٌ [Redness;] a well-known colour; (Msb, K;) the colour of that which is termed أَحْمَرُ: (S, A:) it is in animals, and in garments &c.; and, accord. to IAar, in water [when muddy; for it signifies brownness, and the like: but when relating to complexion, whiteness: see أَحْمَرُ]. (TA.) b2: الحُمْرَةُ [Erysipelas: to this disease the term is evidently applied by Ibn-Seenà, in vol. ii. pp. 63 and 64 of the printed Arabic text of his قانون; and so it is applied by the Arabian physicians in the present day:] a certain disease which attacks human beings, in consequence of which the place thereof becomes red; (ISk, TA;) a certain swelling, of the pestilential kind; (T, K;) differing from phlegmone. (Ibn-Seenà ubi suprà.) b3: ذُو حُمْرَةٍ Sweet: applied to fresh ripe dates. (K.) b4: See also حِمِرٌّ.

حَمْرَى: see حَمَارَّةٌ.

حَمْرَآءُ [originally fem. of أَحْمَرُ, q. v.]: see حَمَارَّةٌ.

حِمِرٌّ Violent rain, (S,) such as removes the superficial part of the ground. (S, K.) b2: A severe night-journey to water. (TA.) A2: The most copious portion of rain; and violence thereof. (TA.) b2: (assumed tropical:) The violence, vehemence, or intenseness, of anything; as also ↓ حِمِرَّةٌ and ↓ حُمْرَةٌ. (TA.) b3: See also حَمَارَّةٌ, in two places. b4: Also The evil, or mischief, of a man. (K.) حِمِرَّةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

حِمَارٌ [The ass;] the well-known braying quadruped; (TA;) i. q. عَيْرٌ; (Az, S;) applied to the male; (Msb;) both domestic and wild: (Az, K:) the former is also called حِمَارٌ أَهْلِىٌّ; (Msb;) and the latter, حِمَارٌ وَحْشِىٌّ, (K,) and حِمَارُ الوَحْشِ, and ↓ يَحْمُورٌ: (S, K:) أَتَانٌ is the appellation applied to the female; and sometimes ↓ حِمَارَةٌ: (S, Msb, K: *) pl. [of pauc.] أَحْمِرَةٌ and [of mult.]

↓ حَمِيرٌ [more properly termed a quasi-pl. n.] and حُمُرٌ (S, Msb, K) and حُمْرٌ (S) and حُمُورٌ and ↓ مَحْمُورَآءُ, (K,) the last [a quasi-pl. n.] of a very rare form [of which see instances voce شَيْخٌ], (TA,) and حُمُرَاتٌ, (S, K,) which is said to be a pl. of حُمُرٌ. (TA.) b2: [Hence,] مُقَييِّدَةُ الحِمَارِ (assumed tropical:) A stony tract, of which the stones are black and worn and crumbling, as though burned with fire; syn. حَرَّةٌ: because the wild ass is impeded in it, and is as though he were shackled. (TA.) b3: and [hence,] بَنُو مُقَيِّدَةِ الحِمَارِ (assumed tropical:) Scorpions: because they are generally found in a حَرَّة. (TA. [See an ex. in verses cited voce رُمْحٌ.]) A2: A piece of wood in the fore part of the [saddle called] رَحْل, (K, TA,) upon which a woman [when riding] lays hold: and in the fore part of the [saddle called]

إِكَاف: and, accord. to Aboo-Sa'eed, the stick upon which [the saddles called] أَقْتَاب [pl. of قَتَبٌ] are carried. (TA.) b2: The wooden implement of the polisher, upon which he polishes iron [weapons &c.]. (Lth, K. *) b3: Three pieces of wood, (T, K,) or four, (T,) across which is placed another piece of wood; with which one makes fast a captive. (T, K.) [The last words of the explanation are يُؤْسَرُ بِهَا.]) b4: حِمَارُ الطُّنْبُورِ [The bridge of the mandoline;] a thing well-known. (TA.) b5: حَمَارُ قَبَّانَ [The wood-louse; so called in the present day;] a certain insect; (S, K;) a certain small insect, (Msb, TA,) that cleaves to the ground, (TA,) resembling the beetle, but smaller, (Msb,) and having many legs: (Msb, TA:) when any one touches it, it contracts itself like a thing folded. (Msb.) The حمار قبّان is also called حِمَارُ البَيْتِ; app. because its back resembles a قُبَّة. (TA in art. قب, q. v.) b6: حِمَارَانِ Two stones, (S, K,) which are set up, (S,) and upon which is placed another stone, (S, K,) which is thin, (TA,) and is called عَلَاةٌ, (S,) whereon [the preparation of curd called]

أَقِط is dried. (S, K.) b7: الحِمَارَانِ The two bright stars [a and حَمِيرٌ] in Cancer. (Kzw.) حَمِيرٌ Anything pared, or peeled; divested, or stripped, of its superficial part, peel, bark, coat, covering, crust, or the like; as also ↓ مَحْمُورٌ. (TA.) [See 1.] b2: Also, and ↓ حَمِيرَةٌ, i. q. أُشْكُزٌّ, i. e. A thong, or strap, (S, K,) white, and having its outside pared, (S,) in a horse's saddle, (K,) or with which horses' saddles are bound, or made fast: (S:) so called because it is pared. (TA.) A2: See also حِمَارٌ.

حَمَارَةٌ: see حَمَارَّةٌ.

حِمَارَةٌ: see حِمَارٌ. b2: Also A great, (K,) or great and wide, (TA,) mass of stone, or rock: (K:) and stones set up around a watering-trough or tank, to prevent its water from flowing forth: (S:) and a stone, (K,) or stones, (S,) set up around the booth in which a hunter lurks: (S, K:) but J should have said that حَمَائِرُ signifies stones: that حِمَارَةٌ is the sing.: that this latter signifies any wide stone: and the pl., stones that are set round a watering-trough or tank, to prevent the water from overflowing: (IB:) and حَمَائِرُ المَآءِ signifies four large and smooth masses of stone at the head of the well, upon which the drawer of the water stands. (TA in art. خلق.) Also, the sing., A wide stone that is put upon a trench or an oblong excavation, in the side of a grave, in which the corpse is placed: (K:) or upon a grave: (TA:) pl. as above. (K.) b3: A piece of wood in the [woman's vehicle called] هَوْدَج. (K.) b4: Three sticks, or pieces of palm-branches, having their [upper] ends bound together and their feet set apart, upon which the [vessel of skin called]

إِدَاوَة is hung, in order that the water may become cool. (TA.) And its pl., حَمَائِرُ, Three pieces of wood bound together [in like manner], upon which is put the وَطْب [or milk-skin], in order that the [insect called] حُرْقُوص may not eat it. (TA.) b5: حِمَارَةُ القَدَمِ, (K,) or القدم ↓ حمارّة [thus, without any vowel-sign written], with teshdeed to the ر, (IAth,) The elevated, or protuberant, part of the foot, above the toes (K, TA) and their joints, where the food of the thief is directed, in a trad., to be cut off. (TA.) حِمَارِىٌّ Of, or relating to, asses; asinine.]

حِمَارِيَّةٌ [Asinineness]. (A in art. خطب.) حَمِيرَةٌ: see حَمِيرٌ.

حُمَيْرَآءُ dim. of حَمْرَآءُ, fem. of أَحْمَرُ, q. v.

الحِمْيَرِيَّةُ The language, or dialect, of [the race of] Himyer, who had words and idioms different from those of the rest of the Arabs. (TA.) حَمَارٌّ: see what next follows.

حَمَارَّةٌ, (S, K, &c.,) a word of a rare form, of which the only other instances are said to be حَبَالَّةٌ and زَرَافَّةٌ and زَعَارَّةٌ and سَبَارَّةٌ and صَبَارَّةٌ and عَبَالَّةٌ, (TA,) and sometimes ↓ حَمَارَةٌ, without teshdeed, in poetry, (S, K,) and in prose also, as is said by Lh and others, (TA,) (tropical:) The intenseness of heat (Lth, Ks, S, A, K) of summer; (Lth, Ks, S, A;) and so ↓ حَمْرَآءُ; (TA;) which also signifies the same in relation to the noon, or summer-noon; (K;) and ↓ حَمْرَى, (Az, TA in art. بيض,) and ↓ حِمِرٌّ: (TA:) or the most intense heat of summer; (TA;;) as also ↓ حِمِرٌّ: (K, TA:) and sometimes, though rarely, used in relation to winter [as signifying the intenseness of cold; like صَبَارَّةٌ]: (TA:) pl. [or rather coll. gen. n.] ↓ حَمَارٌّ. (S.) A2: See also حِمَارَةٌ, last sentence.

حُمَّرٌ and ↓ حُمَرٌ, (S, Msb, K,) the former of which is the more common, (S, Msb,) [coll. gen. ns.,] A kind of bird, (S, Msb, K,) like the sparrow: (S, Msb:) accord. to Es-Sakháwee, the lark; syn. قُبَّرٌ [q. v.]: and حُمَّرَةٌ is said in the Mujarrad to be an appellation applied by the people of El-Medeeneh to the [bird commonly called] بُلْبُل; as also نُغَرَةٌ: (Msb:) حُمَّرَةٌ and حُمَرَةٌ are the ns. of un.: (S, Msb, K:) pl. حُمَّرَاتٌ (S, TA) [and حُمَرَاتٌ].

A2: See also حُمَرٌ.

حَمَّارٌ: see حَمَّارَةٌ. b2: Also A seller of asses. (TA.) حَمَّارَةٌ, [a coll. gen. n.,] Owners, or attendants, of asses (S, K, TA) in a journey; (S, TA;) as also ↓ حَامِرَةٌ: (K:) n. un. ↓ حَمَّارٌ (S, TA) and ↓ حَامِرٌ. (TA.) A2: See also مِحْمَرٌ, in two places.

حَامِرٌ: see حَمَّارَةٌ.

حَوْمَرٌ: see حُمَرٌ.

حَامِرَةٌ: see حَمَّارَةٌ.

أَحْمَرُ [Red: and also brown, or the like:] a thing of the colour termed حُمْرَةٌ: (Msb, K:) it is in animals, and in garments &c.; and, accord. to IAar, in water [when muddy]: and so ↓ يَحْمُورٌ: (K:) fem. of the former حَمْرَآءُ: (Msb:) pl. حُمْرٌ and حُمْرَانٌ: (K:) or when it means dyed with the colour termed حُمْرَةٌ, the pl. is حُمْرٌ (S, Msb) and حُمْرَانٌ; for you say ثِيَابٌ حُمْرٌ and حُمْرَانٌ [red garments]: (TA:) but if you apply it as an epithet to a man, [in which case it has other meanings than those explained above, as will be shown in what follows,] the pl. is أَحَامِرُ (S) and حُمْرٌ: (TA:) or if it means a thing having the colour termed حُمْرَةٌ, the pl. is أَحَامِرُ, because, in this case, it is a subst., not an epithet. (Msb.) ↓ أَحْمَرِىٌّ also signifies the same as أَحْمَرُ: (Ham p. 379:) or, as some say, it has an intensive sense. (TA voce كَرُوبِيُّونَ.) It is said in the S, in art. دك, that حَمْرَاوَاتٌ is a pl. of حَمْرَآءُ, like as دَكَّاوَاتٌ, is of دَكَّآءُ; but it is not so. (IB in that art.) b2: Applied to a camel, Of a colour like that of saffron when a garment is dyed with it so that it stands up by reason of [the thickness of] the dye: (TA:) or of an unmixed red colour; (As, S in art. كمت, and TA;) and so the fem. when applied to a she-goat. (TA.) It is said that, of she-camels, the حَمْرَآء is the most able to endure the summer midday-heat; and the وَرْقَآء, to endure nightjourneying; and that the صَهْبَآء is the most notable and the most beautiful to look at: so said Aboo-Nasr En-Na'ámee: and the Arabs say that the best of camels are the حُمْر and the صُهْب. (TA.) [Hence,] حُمْرُ النَّعَمِ signifies (assumed tropical:) The high-bred, or excellent, of camels: and is proverbially applied to anything highly prized, precious, valuable, or excellent. (Mgh, Msb.) b3: Applied to a man, (AA, Sh, Az,) White (AA, Sh, Az, K) in complexion; (Az;) because أَبْيَضُ might be considered as of evil omen [implying the meaning of leprosy]: (AA, Sh:) or, accord. to Th, because the latter epithet, applied to a man, was only used by the Arabs as signifying “ pure,” or “ free from faults: ” but they sometimes used this latter epithet in the sense of “ white in complexion,”

applied to a man &c.: (IAth:) fem., in the same sense, حَمْرَآءُ: the dim. of which, ↓ حُمَيْرَآءُ, occurs in a trad., applied to 'Áïsheh. (K, * TA.) So, accord. to some, in the trad., بُعِثْتُ إِلَى الأَحْمَرِ وَالأَسْوَدِ, (TA,) i. e. I have been sent to the white and the black; because these two epithets comprise all mankind: (Az, TA:) [therefore, by the former we should understand the white and the red races; and by the latter, the negroes: but some hold that by the former are meant the foreigners, and] by the latter are meant the Arabs. (TA.) One says also, [when speaking of Arabs and more northern races,] أَتَانِى كُلُّ أَسْوَدَ مِنْهُمْ وَأَحْمَرَ, meaning Every Arab of them, and foreigner, came to me: and one should not say, in this sense, أَبْيَضَ. (AA, As, S.) الحَمْرَآءُ, also, is applied to The foreigners (العَجَمُ) [collectively]; (S, A, K;) because a reddish white is the prevailing hue of their complexion: (S:) or the Persians and Greeks: or those foreigners mostly characterized by whiteness of complexion; as the Greeks and Persians. (TA.) You say, لَيْسَ فِى

الحَمْرَآءِ مِثْلُهُ There is not among the foreigners (العَجَم) the like of him. (A.) And accord. to some, الأَحْمَرُ وَالأَبْيَضُ means The Arabs and the foreigners. (TA.) الحَمْرَآءُ [so in the TA, but correctly أَبْنَآءُ الحَمْرَآءِ,] is an appellation applied to Emancipated slaves: and اِبْنُ حَمْرَآءِ العِجَانِ, meaning Son of the female slave, is an appellation used in reviling and blaming. (TA.) b4: Also (tropical:) A man having no weapons with him: pl. حُمْرٌ (A, K) and حُمْرَانٌ. (K.) b5: الحُسْنُ أَحْمَرُ meansBeauty is in الحُمْرَة [app. fairness of complexion; i. e. beauty is fair-complexioned]: (TA:) or (assumed tropical:) beauty is attended by difficulty; i. e. he who loves beauty must bear difficulty, or distress: (IAth:) or the lover experiences from beauty what is experienced from war. (ISd, K.) b6: الأَحْمَرُ A sort of dates: (K:) so called because of their colour. (TA.) b7: الأَحْمَرُ وَالأَبْيَضُ Gold and silver. (TA.) And الأَحْمَرَانِ Flesh-meat and wine; (S, A, K;) said to destroy men: (S:) so in the saying, نَحْنُ مِنْ أَهْلِ الأَسْوَدَيْنِ لَا الأَحْمَرَيْنِ We are of the people of dates and water, not of flesh-meat and wine: (A:) or the beverage called نَبِيذ and flesh-meat. (IAar.) Also Wine and [garments of the kind called] بُرُود. (Sh.) and Gold and saffron; (Az, ISd, K;) said to destroy women; i. e. the love of ornaments and perfumes destroys them: (Az:) or these are called الأَصْفَرَانِ; (AO, TA;) and milk and water, الأَبْيَضَانِ; (TA;) and dates and water, الأَسْوَدَانِ. (A, TA.) And الأَحَامِرَةُ Flesh-meat and wine and [the perfume called] الخَلُوق: (S, K:) or gold and flesh-meat and wine; as also الأَخَاضِرُ: (TA in art. خضر:) or gold and saffron and الخَلُوق. (ISd, TA.) b8: المَوْتُ الأَحْمَرُ (assumed tropical:) Slaughter; (L, K;) because it occasions the flowing of blood: (TA:) and [so in the L, but in the K “ or ”] (tropical:) violent death: (S, A, L, K:) or death in which the sight of the man becomes dim by reason of terror, so that the world appears red and black before his eyes: (A 'Obeyd:) or it may mean (assumed tropical:) recent, fresh, death; from the phrase next following. (As.) b9: وَطْأَةٌ حَمْرَآءُ (tropical:) A new, or recent, footstep, or footprint: opposed to دَهْمَآءُ. (As, S, A.) b10: سَنَةٌ حَمْرَآءُ (tropical:) A severe year; (S, K;) because it is a mean between the سَوْدَآء and the بَيْضآء: or a year of severe drought; because, in such a year, the tracts of the horizon are red: (TA:) when الجَبْهَةُ [the tenth Mansion of the Moon (see مَنَازِلُ القَمَرِ in art. نزل)] breaks its promise [of bringing rain], the year is such as is thus called. (AHn.) b11: See also حَمْرَآءُ voce حَمَارَّةٌ. b12: جَآءَ بِغَنَمِهِ حُمْرَ الكُلَى, and, in like manner, سُودَ البُطُونِ, (tropical:) He brought his sheep or goats, in a lean, or an emaciated, state. (A, * TA.) أَحْمَرِىٌّ: see أَحْمَرُ.

تَحْمِيرٌ [an inf. n. (of حَمَّرَ) used as a subst.] A bad kind of tanning. (K. [For دِبْغٌ in the CK, I read دَبْغٌ, as in other copies of the K.]) مِحْمَرٌ i. q. مِحْلَأٌ; (K; in the CK مِحْلاء;) i. e. The iron instrument, or stone, with which one shaves off the hair and dirt on the surface of a hide, and with which one skins. (L, TA. [But for the last words of the explanation in those two lexicons, ينشف به, I read يُنْتَقُ بِهِ.]) A2: Also, (S, TA,) in the K, [and in a copy of the A,] مَحَمَّرٌ, which is a mistake, (TA,) A horse got by a stallion of generous, or Arabian, race, out of a mare not of such a race; or not of generous birth; or a jade; syn. هَجِينٌ; (S, A, K;) in Persian, پَالَانِىْ; (S, K;) as also ↓ حَمَّارَةٌ: (K:) or a horse of mean race, that resembles the ass in his slowness of running: and a bad beast: (TA:) pl. مَحَامِرُ (S, A, TA) and مَحَامِيرُ: (TA:) and accord. to the T, ↓ حَمَّارَةٌ signifies [not as it is explained above, as a sing., but] i. q. مَحَامِرُ; and Z explains it as an epithet applied to horses, signifying that run like asses. (TA.) b2: Also An ignoble, or a mean, man: (K, * TA:) and a man who will not give unless pressed and importuned. (K, * TA.) المُحَمِّرَةٌ A sect of the خُرَّمِيَّة, who opposed the مُبَيِّضَة (S, K) and the مُسَوِّدَة: (TA:) a single person thereof was called مُحَمِّرٌ: (S, K:) they made their ensigns red, in opposition to the مسوّدة of the Benoo-Háshim; and hence they were thus called, like as the حَرُورِيَّة were called المُبَيِّضَةُ because their ensigns in war were white. (T.) مَحْمُورٌ: see حَمِيرٌ.

مَحْمُورَآءُ: see حِمَارٌ يَحْمُورٌ The wild ass: see حِمَارٌ: (S, Mgh, K:) or a certain kind of wild animal: (Mgh:) [the oryx; to which the name is generally applied; and so in Hebrew: see also بَقَرُ الوَحْشِ, in art. بقر:] a certain beast (K, TA) resembling the she-goat. (TA.) b2: And A certain bird. (K.) A2: See also أَحْمَرُ.

حوم

1 حَامَ, (S, Msb, K,) حَوْلَ المَآءِ, (S, Msb,) or عَلَى الشَّىْءِ, (K,) aor. ـُ (S,) inf. n. حَوَمَانٌ (S, Msb, K) and حَوْمٌ, (S, K,) said of a bird, or flying thing, (S, Msb, K,) &c., (S,) It went, [or hovered,] or circled, (S, Msb, K,) round about the water, (S, Msb,) by reason of thirst, (TA,) or round about the thing: (K:) and in like manner حَامَتْ, said of camels. (K, TA.) b2: [Hence,] it is said in a trad., مَنْ حَامَ حَوْلَ الحِمَى يُوشِكَ أَنْ يَقَعَ فِيهِ, meaning (assumed tropical:) He who approaches acts of disobedience is near to falling therein. (Msb.) And you say, هُوَ يَحُومُ حَوْلَ غَرَضٍ لَهُ (tropical:) [He hovers about an object of aim, or desire, that he has]. (TA.) And حام فُلَانٌ عَلَى

الأَمْرِ, inf. n. حَوْمٌ and حِيَامٌ and حُؤُومٌ, (K, TA,) the second with kesr [to the ح, and therefore with ى in the place of و, but written in the CK with fet-h], (TA,) (tropical:) Such a one desired, or sought, the thing. (K, TA.) And حام عَلَى قَرَابَتِهِ (tropical:) He affected, or inclined towards, his relations, like one going round about the water. (TA.) 2 حوّم فِى الأَمْرِ i. q. اِسْتَدَامَ (tropical:) [app. as meaning (assumed tropical:) He paused, and acted with deliberation, or in a patient or leisurely manner, or he waited in expectation, in the affair, or case, like one who hovers about a thing]. (K, TA.) جَيْشُ حَامٍ [lit. The army of Ham, the son of Noah; meaning, because of its blackness,] (tropical:) the night. (TA.) حَوْمٌ A large herd of camels, (S, M, K,) amounting to a thousand: (M, K:) or an indefinite number; (K, * TA;) i. e. many: a quasipl. n.; or, as some say, a pl. (TA.) حُومٌ, applied to wine, (TA,) That circulates [or produces a sensation of circular motion] in the head. (K.) b2: Accord. to As, so applied, it signifies Much in quantity. (TA.) حَوْمَةٌ The main part or portion, (S, K,) of water, (S,) or of the sea, (K,) and of sand, and of a fight, &c.: (S, K:) the part where is most water, of the sea; (Ham p. 329, and TA;) the deepest part thereof: (TA:) and in like manner, of a watering-trough: (Ham ibid., and TA:) or a copious, or deep, part of water: (Lh, TA:) and hence, the vehemence of war or fight: (Ham p. 329:) or a place of fight; because the opposing parties go round about it: (Ham p. 492:) or the most vehement part [or the thickest] of a fight: (K, * TA:) pl. حَوْمَاتٌ. (Ham p. 329.) [See also حَوْبَةٌ, last signification.]

حَامِىٌّ A black, or negro, boy or young man, (S, K,) or slave: (S:) so termed in relation to حام [or Ham, the son of Noah], the father of the blacks, or negroes. (S, K.) حَائِمٌ Thirsty, and going, [or hovering,] or circling, round about the water: (Ham p. 753:) and hence, (Id. p. 317,) whatever is thirsty: (Id. ibid., and K:) [fem. with ة: pl. masc.

حُوَّمٌ:] pl. fem. حَوَائِمُ. (Ham p. 317.) Yousay إِبِلٌ حُوَّمٌ Thirsty camels that go round about the water: (As, TA:) or, as also إِبِلٌ حَوَائِمُ, thirsty camels: (K:) or very thirsty camels. (TA.) And it is said in a trad., respecting the prayer for rain, اَللّٰهُمَّ ارْحَمْ بَهَائِمَنَا الحَائِمَةَ O God, have mercy upon our beasts that are going about the water and not finding any to which they may come to drink. (TA.) You say also هَامَةٌ حَائِمَةٌ A thirsty head: (TA:) or a head of which the brain is thirsty. (T, TA.) b2: Also (tropical:) Desiring, or seeking: pl. حُوَّمٌ, (K, TA,) [in the CK حَوَمٌ, but it is] like سُكَّرٌ. (TA.)

بيت

1 بَاتَ, (T, S M, &c.,) aor. ـِ and يَبَاتُ, (S, Msb, K,) inf. n. بَيْتُوتَةٌ (Lth, T, S A, Msb, K) and مَبِيتٌ (Msb, K) and مَبَاتٌ (Msb) and بَيْتٌ and بَيَاتٌ, (K,) has two meanings: in that which more commonly obtains, the action is restricted to the night: (Msb:) it is by night, or in night; not in sleep: (M:) you say, بَاتَ يَفْعَلُ كَذَا, meaning He did such a thing by night, or at night: (S, Msb, K:) [or he was in the night, or at night, or during the night, doing such a thing: and he passed, or spent, the night, or a night, or a part thereof, or, as will be seen below, he entered upon the night, doing such a thing:] like as one says, ظَلَّ يَفْعَلُ كَذَا as meaning “ he did such a thing by day,” or “ at day-time: ” (S, Msb;*) IKoot and Es-Sarakustee and IKtt say that it has this meaning, and not “ he slept: ” (Msb:) [F adds,] وَ لَيْسَ مِنَ النَّوْمِ, (K,) which is said to mean, “and the action is not one of sleep; ” so that when one sleeps by night, or at night, it is not correct to say, بَاتَ يَنَامُ: or, accord. to some, “its meaning is not that of sleeping; ” so that one may say, بَاتَ زَيْدٌ نَائِمًا [Zeyd was in the night, &c., or passed, or spent, the night, &c., sleeping]: (MF:) [Fei says,] it is only when one remains awake in the night: and hence the saying in the Kur [xxv. 65], وَالَّذِينَ يَبِيتُونَ لِرَّبِهِمْ سُجَّدًا وَقِيامًا [and those who pass the night prostrating themselves to their Lord and standing up in prayer]: (Msb:) Fr says that بَاتَ الرَّجُلُ means The man remained awake all the night, engaged in acts of obedience or of disobedience: (T, Msb:) [or it means the man entered upon the night; or he was in the night, or at night, or during the night, in any state, or engaged in any action; for] Zj says, (M,) بَاتَ is said of any one whom the night has overtaken, (M, K, *) whether he have slept or not slept: (M:) and Lth says, البَيْتُوتَةُ signifies the entering upon the night: one says, بِتُّ أَصْنَعُ كَذَا وَ كَذَا [I entered upon the night doing such and such things]: and he adds, (T,) he who says بَاتَ as meaning he slept commits an error; for you say, بِتُّ أُرَاعِى

النُّجُومَ [I entered upon, or passed, the night] looking at the stars: and how can he be sleeping who is looking at them? (T, Msb:) but Mullà 'Abd-El-Hakeem, in his Commentaries on the Mutowwal, says that بَاتَ sometimes means he remained, continued, stayed, or dwelt, and he alighted and abode, by night, or at night, whether he slept or not: (MF:) and Ibn-Keysán says that it may be used in the same manner as نَامَ [he slept]; and also, [as will be explained below,] in the same manner as كَانَ. (TA.) You say, بَاتَ بَيْتُوتَةً صَالِحَةً (T) or طَيِّبَةً (A) [He passed, or entered upon, the night, or a night, in a good manner]. And بِتُّ القَوْمَ and بِتُّ بِهِمْ and بِتُّ عِنْدَهُمْ [I passed, or entered upon, the night, or a night, with, or at the abode of, the people, or company of men: the last of these phrases is the most common]. (A 'Obeyd, M, K.) b2: Secondly, it is used in the sense of صَارَ [He became]; (Msb;) or in the same manner as كَانَ [he was]. (Ibn-Keysán, TA.) One says, بَاتَ بِمَوْضِعِ كَذَا He became [or was] in such a place; whether in night-time or in day-time. (Msb.) And hence the saying of the lawyers, بَاتَ عِنْدَ امْرَأَتِهِ لَيْلَةً He became [or was] with his wife one night; [which is the same as he passed a night &c.; though this, it will be observed, is not in this instance the signification of the verb alone;] whether sleeping or not. (Msb.) b3: [Thus it is used both as a “ complete,” i. e. an attributive, verb, and also as an “ incomplete,” i. e. a non-attributive, verb.] b4: بَاتَ, aor. ـِ (T, A,) inf. n. بَيْتٌ, (T, M, K,) also signifies (tropical:) He married, or took a wife: (T, A:) [see بَيْتٌ below:] or (assumed tropical:) he gave in marriage; syn. of the inf. n. تَزْوِيجٌ. (Kr, M, K.) 2 بيّت البَيْتَ He constructed, or built, the بَيْت [i. e. tent, or house, &c.]. (M.) A2: بيّت الأَمْرِ, [inf. n. as below,] He did, or performed, the thing, or affair, by night, or at night: (M:) and he thought, or meditated, upon it, considering its end, or issue, or result, (Zj, T, S, M, A, Msb, K,) or entered into it, (Zj, T,) by night, or at night. (Zj, T, S, M, &c.) And one says, بُيِّتَ بِلَيْلٍ, (T, A,) meaning the same as دُبِّرَ بِلَيْلِ [It was thought, or meditated, upon, &c., by night, or at night]: (T:) [for] بُيِّتَ الشَّىْءُ also signifies [simply] the thing was thought upon, and considered as to its end, issue, or result; syn. قُدِّرَ. (S.) Accord. to El-Marzookee, they say of a thing that is not done deliberately, and with good consideration of its issue or result, هٰذَا أَمْرٌ قُدِّرَ بِلَيْلٍ; [in the text from which this is taken, without the syll. signs;] and hence the saying in the Kur [iv. 83], بَيَّتَ طَائِفَةٌ مِنْهُمْ غَيْرِ الَّذِى تَقُولُ [A part of them meditateth by night upon doing otherwise than that which thou sayest; as is indicated in the M, where this is cited; and in like manner, يُبَيِّتُونَ, in the continuation of the same passage of the Kur, is explained in the T as meaning يُدَبِّرُونَ, and يُقَدِّرُونَ, (i. e. مِنَ السُّوْءِ,) لَيْلًا]: but Aboo-Hilál says that a thing is meditated upon in the night in order that one may apply himself to it with strong purpose, and not be diverted by other things, so that it may be done with more firmness; and he cites the same passage of the Kur. (Ham p. 130.) And hence, in the Kur [iv. 108], إِذْ يُبَيِّتُونَ مَا لَا يَرْضَى مِنَ القَوْلِ When they meditate, &c., (S, M, Bd, Jel,) by night, (S, M,) [what He will not approve, of speech,] and prepare it [in their minds] (يُزَوِّرُونَهُ [see art. زور]). (Bd.) It is said in a trad., لَا صِيَامَ لِمَنْ لَمْ يُبَيِّتِ الصِّيَامَ There is no fasting to him [meaning his fasting is null] who does not purpose it from the night. (TA. [See another reading, voce بَتَّ.]) and you say, بَيَّتَ النِّيَّةَ He decided upon the purpose, or intention, by night, or in night-time. (Msb.) And بَيَّتَ رَأْيَهُ He thought upon his opinion, and concealed it, or conceived it, in his mind. (TA.) b2: بَيَّتَهُمْ, (inf. n. تَبْيِيتٌ, (Msb, TA,) He came upon them, (Mgh, but the verb is there pl.,) or made a sudden attack upon them, and engaged with them in conflict, (Msb,) or made a great slaughter among them, or engaged with them in vehement conflict, (S, M, K,) namely, the enemy, (S, Mgh, K,) or a people, (M,) by night: (S, M, Mgh, Msb, K:) he came upon them (the sons of such a one) in the night, and made a sudden attack upon them, while they were heedless: (T:) he attacked them (the people of a house or place of abode) by night: he went to them (the enemy) in the night, without their knowledge, and took them by surprise. (TA.) b3: كَانَ لَا يُبَيِّتُ مَا لاًا وَلَا يُقَيِّلُهُ He used not to retain property until night, nor to retain it until noon, when it came to him; but used to hasten the dividing of it. (TA, from a trad.) b4: See also 4.

A3: بيّت النَّخْلَ He trimmed, or pruned, the palm-trees, by cutting off the stumps of the branches, or by cutting off the straggling branches, not in the best part thereof. (K.) A4: See also 5.4 اباتهُ, inf. n. إِبَاتَةٌ, He (God) made him, or caused him, to pass, or spend, the night, [or a part thereof,] or to enter upon the night. (T, M, K.) You say, أَبَاتَكَ اللّٰهُ حَسَنَةً [May God make thee to pass, or enter upon, the night with happiness], (S,) and إِبَاتَةً حَسَنَةً [in a good manner of doing so]. (T, A.) And [in like manner,] ↓ بَيَّتَكَ اللّٰهُ فِى عَافِيَةٍ [May God make thee to pass, or enter upon, the night in health and safety]. (A.) And أَبَاتَهُ اللّٰهُ أَحْسَنَ بِيتَةٍ God made him to pass, or enter upon, the night in the best manner of doing so. (M, K. *) 5 تبيّتهُ عَنْ حَاجَتِهِ [so in the TA and in a MS. copy of the K: in the CK ↓ بَيَّتَهُ:] He withheld, or debarred, him from the thing that he wanted. (K.) 10 إِسْتَبْيَتَ [استبات seems to signify He asked for, or required, بِيت, or بِيتَة i. e. food: (see مُسْتَبِيتٌ:) and also to have the contr. signification; i. e. b2: He possessed food: for you say,] لَا يَسْتَبِيتُ لَيْلَةً He possesses not a night's food. (T, K.) and لَا يَسْتَبِيتُ He has not food. (A.) بَيْتٌ [signifies A tent; properly, having more than one pole; but often applied without this restriction: and also a house; a chamber; an apartment; a closet; and the like]: a بَيْت is [a tent] of [goats'] hair (شَعَر), (M, A, Mgh, Msb, K,) or of wool: (Mgh:) a بيت of hair [i. e. hair-cloth] is that kind [of tent] which has more than one pole: the word is masc.: and applies to small and large: (M:) tents of goats' hair are peculiar to people of cold countries and of fertile regions, where the goats have abundant hair; for the goats of the Arabs of the desert have short hair, not long enough to be spun: (T in art. بنى:) a خِبَآء is a small بيت of wool or of hair: a بيت is what is larger than a خبآء: next is the مِظَلَّة, which is larger than the بيت; but the term بيت is also applied to a مظلّة when it is large and مُرَوَّق [i. e. furnished with a رِوَاق, q. v.]: (T:) Ibn-El-Kelbee says that the Arabs have six kinds of بيت; namely, a قُبَّة, which is of skins, or tanned hides; a مِظَلَّة, of hair; a خِبَآء, of wool; a بِجَاد, of soft hair (وَبَر); a خَيْمَة, of trees; an أُقْنَة, of stone; and a سَوْط, of hair; or this is the smallest of them: El-Baghdádee says that the خباء is a بيت made of soft hair (وَبَر), or of wool, or of hair [commonly so called] (شَعَر), upon two poles, or three; and that a بيت is [a tent] upon six poles, or more, to the number of nine: in the Towsheeh it is said that the term خباء is applied to a بيت of any kind: (TA:) a بيت is also [a structure] of clay, or tough or cohesive clay or earth; (A, K;) [and of baked bricks; and of stone;] the name being likewise applied to a structure of a kind other than the structures which are called أَخْبِيَة [or tents]; (M;) signifying a habitation [of any kind; an abode; a dwelling]: (Msb:) a man's house; syn. دَارٌ: (T:) [and particularly a chamber; i. e.] a single roofed structure (Mgh, Kull) having a place of entrance; مَنْزِلٌ being applied to what comprises more than one [such] بيت, and a roofed صَحْن [or vacant part, and a kitchen, inhabited by a man with his family]; and دَارٌ, that which comprises more than one [such] بيت and more than one [such] مَنْزِل and a [court, or] صَحْن without a roof: (Kull:) the pl. is بُيُوتٌ, (S, M, K, &c.,) also pronounced بِيُوتٌ, (TA,) and أَبْيَاتٌ, (S, M, K,) the latter a pl. of pauc.; (TA;) and pl. pl. بُيُوتَاتٌ (M, Mgh, K) and أَبَايِيتُ (Sb, S, M, K) and أَبْيَاوَاتٌ, (Fr, M, K,) which last is extr.: (M:) the dim. is ↓ بُيَيْتٌ, also pronounced ↓ بِيَيْتٌ; (S, K;) and the vulgar say, بُوَيْتٌ, (S,) which is not allowable. (K.) You say, هُوَ جَارِى

بَيْتَ بَيْتَ, (T, S, M,) He is my neighbour [tent to tent, or house to house, i. e.,] by contiguity [of our habitations]: بيت بيت being made indecl. with fet-h for the termination because they are two nouns made one: (S:) Sb says that some of the Arabs make them [thus] indecl., like خَمْسَةَ عَشَرَ, and some make the former a prefixed noun governing the latter in the gen. case, [saying بَيْتَ بَيْتٍ,] except when used as a denotative of state: (M:) one says also, بَيْتًا لِبَيْتٍ, and بَيْتٌ لِبَيْتٍ; (Fr, T;) which last, or بَيْتٌ إِلَى بَيْتٍ, is the original form. (Har p. 353.) بَنَى فُلَانٌ عَلَى

امْرَأَتِهِ [lit. Such a one constructed a tent over his wife,] means such a one had his wife conducted to him on the occasion of his marriage, and brought her, or had her brought, into a pitched tent, having conveyed thither the utensils and furniture and other things that they required. (T.) And أَهْلُ بَيْتُ النَّبِىِّ [The people of the house of the Prophet,] means the Prophet's wives and his daughter and 'Alee: and so أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ [i. e. يَخُصُّ أَهْلَ البَيْتِ He means particularly, or peculiarly, the people of the house], in the Kur xxxiii. 33: بَنُو and مَعْشَر and أَهْل and آل, as prefixed nouns, being, as Sb says, the nouns most frequently occurring in the accus. case [for the reason indicated above, or, as the Arabian grammarians express it,] عَلَى

الاِخْتِصَاصِ. (M.) b2: It also signifies A [pavilion, palace, or mansion, such as is called] قَصْر: (T, K:) whence the saying of Gabriel, بَشِّرْ خَدِيجَةَ بِبَيْتٍ مِنْ قَصَبٍ, i. e. [Rejoice thou Khadeejeh by the announcement of] a pavilion (قصر) of hollow pearls, (T, TA,) or of emerald. (TA. [See also art. قصب.]) بُيُوتًا غَيْرَ مَسْكُونَةٍ [Uninhabited houses], in the Kur xxiv. 29, means buildings for the reception of travellers, or for merchants and their goods, and the shops of the merchants and places in which things are sold, the entering of which is allowed by their owners: or ruins which a man enters for the purpose of easing nature. (M.) And the بُيُوت which God has permitted to be raised, mentioned in the same chapter, verse 36, are Mosques, or places of worship: or, accord. to El-Hasan, Jerusalem (بَيْتُ المَقْدِسِ); the pl. being applied to it as a mark of honour. (Zj, M.) البَيْتُ [The House] applies particularly to (tropical:) the Kaabeh [of Mekkeh]; (K;) as also بَيْتُ اللّٰهِ [the House of God]; (AAF, M;) and البَيْتُ الحَرَامُ [the Sacred House]; (T;) and البَيْتُ العَتِيقُ [the Ancient House]; (S and K &c. in art. عتق;) and accord. to some, البَيْتُ المَعْمُورُ, q. v. (Bd in lii. 4.) [بَيْتُ المَالِ signifies The treasury of the state. And بَيْتُ المَآءِ is a euphemism for The privy; because water is put there for the purpose of ablution: also called بَيْتُ الفَرَاغِ, &c.] b3: Also (assumed tropical:) The ark of Noah: so in the Kur lxxi. last verse. (T.) b4: (tropical:) A grave; (M, IAth, K;) app. by way of comparison. (M.) So in a trad. of Aboo-Dharr: كَيْفَ تَصْنَعُ إِذَا مَاتَ النَّاسُ حَتَّى

يَكُونُ البَيْتُ بِالوَصِيفِ, meaning How will thou do when men shall die so that the grave shall be sold for the [servant-] boy? (IAth.) b5: (assumed tropical:) The habitation of the سُرْفَة, which it constructs in a beautiful manner, (A'Obeyd, M,) of fragments of sticks; (Yaakoob, M;) and of the صَيْدَنَانِىّ, which it makes in the interior of the earth, and covers over: (A'Obeyd, M:) and (assumed tropical:) the burrow, or hole, of the ضَبّ &c.: and (assumed tropical:) the web of the spider: all, app., as being likened to the بَيْت of a man. (M.) b6: (tropical:) A man's household. (S, K, TA.) b7: (tropical:) The wife (As, IAar, T, M, A) of a man. (M, A.) So in the saying, أَكِبَرٌ غَيَّرَنِى أمْ بَيْتُ [Hath old age altered me, or a wife?]: (As, T:) or here it means a household. (S.) b8: The nobility of the Arabs; (T, Msb, K; *) as when one says, بَيْتُ تَمِيمٍ فِى بَنِى حَنْظَلَةَ [The nobility of Temeem is in the sons of Handhaleh]: (T, Msb: *) or the family that comprises the nobility of a tribe; as آلُ حِصْنٍ of the فَزَارِيُّون, and آلُ الجُدَّيْنِ of the شَيْبَانِيُّون, and آلُ عَبْدِ المَدَانِ of the حَارِثِيُّون; which three were asserted by Ibn-El-Kelbee to be the highest of the families thus called of the Arabs: (M:) [see a verse of El-Lahabee cited voce أَخْضَرُ:] pl. بُيُوتٌ and بُيُوتَاتٌ, (T, M,) the latter being pl. of the former. (T.) You say, هُوَ مِنْ أَهْلِ البُيُوتَاتِ He is of the people of nobility: and مِنْ بَيْتٍ كَرِيمٍ [of a generous, or noble, house, or family]. (A.) [See also بَنَى.] b9: A noble person: (M, Mgh, K:) pl. بُيُوتٌ and بُيُوتَاتٌ. (Mgh.) You say, فُلَانٌ بَيْتُ قَوْمِهِ Such a one is the noble person of his people. (Abu-l-'Omeythil El-Aarabee, M.) b10: (tropical:) The [furniture termed]

فَرْش, (A, Mgh, K,) or مَتَاع, (TA,) of a tent or house, (Mgh, K,) or that is sufficient for a tent or house. (A.) You say, تَزَوَّجْتُ فُلَانَةَ عَلَى بَيْتٍ (tropical:) I married, or took as a wife, such a woman for [my giving] furniture sufficient for a tent or house, (A,) or furniture of a house or tent. (Mgh.) [See 1, last sentence.] b11: A بَيْت of poetry, (T, S, M, Msb,) or of the poet, (K,) is (tropical:) [A verse; i. e.] what consists of certain known divisions [or feet] called أَجْزَآءُ التَّفْعِيلِ; being termed بيت metaphorically, because of the conjoining of its component parts, one to another, in a particular manner, like as those of a tent are conjoined in its construction; (Msb;) because it consists of words collected together in a regular manner, and so resembles a tent, which is composed of a سَقْف and كِفَآء and رِوَاق and عُمُد: (T:) it is derived from the same word signifying a خِبَآء [or tent], and applies to the small and the great, as the رَجَز and the طَوِيل; and is [said to be] thus called because it comprises words like as the tent comprises its inhabitants; wherefore its component parts are termed أَسْبَاب and أَوْتَاد, as being likened to the اسباب and اوتاد of tents: (M:) pl. أَبْيَاتٌ and بُيُوتٌ, (M, A, Msb,) the latter mentioned by Sb and IJ, (M,) [but rare,] and [pl. pl.] أَبَايِيتُ: (A:) Abu-l-Hasan says that if the بيت of poetry be likened to the بيت which is a tent or other kind of structure, there is no reason why it should not have the same pl. forms as the latter has. (L.) By the following words of a poet, وَبَيْتٍ عَلَى ظَهْرِ المَطِىِّ بَنَيْتُهُ بِأَسْمَرَ مَشْقُوقِ الخَيَاشِيمِ يَرْعُفُ [Many a بيت upon the back of the camel have I constructed with a lawny thing slit in the nose and bleeding], is meant, many a بيت of poetry have I written with the reed-pen. (S.) [البَيْتَ, written after a quotation of a part of a verse of poetry, means اِقْرَأِ البَيْتَ Read thou the verse.]

بَيْتُ القَصِيدَةِ [The chief verse of the poem] is a phrase employed when a person composes a poem in praise of any one from whom he would obtain some object of desire and want, being applied to that verse of the poem in which the author's want is mentioned: and is a proverbial expression relating to that which is extraordinary and strange, and used in denoting the superiority of a part of a thing over the whole of it [regarded as a whole]: [hence,] one says, فُلَانٌ أَوَّلُ الجَرِيدَةِ وَبَيْتُ القَصِيدَةِ (assumed tropical:) [Such a one is the first of the detachment of horsemen, and the chief verse of the poem]. (Har p. 441.) بِيتٌ: see بِيتَةٌ, in two places.

بِيتَةٌ a subst. from بَاتَ: and signifying A manner or mode, and state, or condition, of passing, or entering upon, the night. (M.) [See 4; last sentence.]

A2: Food, or victuals; and so ↓ بِيتٌ: (A, K:) [or particularly, of a night: for] you say, لَيْلَةٍ ↓ مَا لَهُ بِيتُ, (S M, A, K.) and بِيتَةٌ لَيْلَةٍ, (T, S, M, A,) مِنَ القُوتِ, (T,) He has not a night's food, or victuals. (T, S, M, A, K.) بَيَاتٌ A coming upon the enemy by night; (Mgh;) a sudden attack upon, and conflict with, the enemy by night; (Msb;) a great slaughter (S, M) among the enemy, (S,) or a people, (M,) and vehement conflict with them; (S, M;) a coming upon people in the night, and making a sudden attack upon them, while they are heedless; (T;) an attack upon a people by night; a going to the enemy in the night, without their knowledge, and taking them by surprise: (TA:) a subst. from 2; (S, M, Mgh, Msb;) like سَلَامٌ from سَلَّمَ. (Mgh.) b2: أَتَاهُمُ الأَمْرُ بَيَاتًا The thing, or event, happened, or came, to them in the latter part of the night. (T.) بُيَيْتٌ, also pronounced بِيَيْتٌ, dim. of بَيْتٌ, q. v. (S, K.) بَيُّوتٌ That has remained throughout a night [and so become stale; stale from being a night old]; as also ↓ بَائِتٌ: both, in this sense, [but the latter more usually,] applied to bread. (S, K.) b2: Cold, or cool, water, (M, K,) that has become so from its having remained throughout a night: (M:) or water that remains during the night beneath the sky: (Ham p. 553:) or water that has been cooled in the leathern bag by night; and in like manner, milk; for [Az says,] I heard an Arab of the desert say, اِسْقِنِى مِنْ بَيُّوتِ السِّقَآءِ, meaning Give thou me to drink of the milk that has been milked at night and left in the skin so that it has become cold, or cool, by night. (T.) In the saying, فَصَبَّحَتْ حَوضَ قِرًى بَيُّوتَا the meaning seems to be, قِرَى حَوْضٍ بَيُّوتَا, i. e., [And they (app. camels) came in the morning to] the collected water of a trough, which water had remained throughout the night and so become cold, or cool; the phrase being inverted. (M.) b3: أَمْرٌ بَيُّوتٌ (assumed tropical:) An affair, or event, for which, or on account of which, one passes the night in anxiety or grief. (S, K.) b4: هَمٌّ بَيُّوتٌ (assumed tropical:) Anxiety, or grief, that has remained during the night in the bosom. (M.) b5: سِنٌّ بَيُّوتَةٌ A tooth that does not fall out, or become shed. (K.) بَائِتٌ [Passing, or spending, the night, or a night, or a part thereof; or entering upon the night; &c.;] act. part. n. of 1. (Msb.) b2: See also بَيُّوتٌ.

مَبِيتٌ A place in which one passes, or enters upon, the night. (M, A.) مُتَبَيِّتَةٌ A woman who has obtained a بَيْت [i. e. tent or house, or the furniture thereof,] and a husband. (M, K.) مُسْتَبِيتٌ Poor, or needy; [as though meaning asking for, or requiring, بِيت or بِيتَة, i. e. food; or possessing food, and nothing beside;] syn. فَقِيرٌ [q. v.]. (IAar, T, K.) Quasi بيح بَيْحَانٌ and بَيَّحَانٌ: see بَؤُوحٌ, in art. بوح.

هبط

1 هَبَطَ, (S, Msb, K,) aor. ـِ and هَبُطَ, (Msb, K,) but the latter is of rare occurrence, (Msb,) inf. n. هُبُوطٌ, (S, K,) of that whereof the aor. is هَبِطَ, and of that whereof the aor. is هَبُطَ; (TA;) or of the latter only, that of the former being هَبْطٌ; (Msb;) He, or it, (said of water &c., Msb,) descended: (S, Msb, K:) and ↓ تهبّط he descended, or went down, or went down a declivity; and it sloped down; syn. إِنْحَدَرَ; (TA;) and ↓ انهبط signifies the same as this last; or (assumed tropical:) he became lowered, or degraded; syn. إِنْحَطَّ; (K;) being quasi-pass. of ↓ أَهْبَطَهُ, (S, TA,) and it may be also of هَبَطَهُ, as is said in the M. (TA.) You say, هَبَطْنَا فِى

حَدُورٍ صَعْبَةٍ [We descended a difficult declivity]. (A, in art. حدر.) And هَبَطَ الوَادِىَ, (Bd, ii. 58, and Msb,) [as though it were trans., for فِى

الوَادِى,] inf. n. هُبُوطٌ, (Msb,) We descended into the valley. (Bd, Msb.) And هَبَطَ مِنْهُ He came forth from it. (Bd, ubi supra.) It is said in the Kur, ii. 58, إِهْبِطُوا مِصْرًا Descend ye into Misr: (Bd:) accord. to one reading, أُهْبُطُوا. (Bd, TA.) You say also هَبَطَ بَلَدَ كَذَا He entered such a town or country. (K.) and هَبَطْتُ مِنْ مَوْضِعٍ إِلَى مَوْضِعٍ I removed him from a place to a place. (Msb.) b2: هَبْطٌ also signifies (tropical:) The falling into evil: (K, TA:) and (tropical:) the being, or becoming, low, abject, mean, or vile: (TA:) and (tropical:) the suffering loss, or diminution. (K, TA.) You say, هَبَطَ مِنْ مَنْزِلَتِهِ (tropical:) He fell from his honourable station. (TA.) [See also 7, mentioned above.] And هَبَطَ فُلَانٌ (tropical:) Such a one became low, abject, mean, or vile. (TA.) and هَبَطَ مِنَ الخَشْيَةِ (tropical:) He became mean, or abject, and lowly, or submissive, from fear (TA.) [See Kur, ii. 69.] And هَبَطَ القَوْمُ, aor. ـِ (tropical:) The people, or company of men, became in a state of abasement and diminution. (TA.) Whence the trad., (TA,) أَللّٰهُمَّ غَبْطًا لَا هَبْطًا, (S, TA,) i. e. نَسْأَلُكَ الغِبْطَةَ وَنَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنْ أَنْ نَهْبِطَ عَنْ حَالِنَا ((tropical:) O God, we ask of Thee a good state, or condition, and we put our trust in Thee for preservation that we may not become brought down from our state]: (S.) mentioned [and explained] before, in art. غبط, q. v. (TA.) [But in this instance, هَبْطًا may be regarded as the inf. n. of the trans. v. to be mentioned below.] You say also, هَبَطَتْ إِبِلِى

وَغَنَمِى, aor. ـ, inf. n. هُنُوطٌ, (assumed tropical:) My camels, and my sheep, or goats, suffered loss, or diminution: and in the same sense هَبَطَ is said of flesh, and of fat, and of fatness. (TA.) And هَبَطَ ثَمَنُ السِّلْعَةِ (tropical:) The price of the commodity, or article of merchandise, became diminished, or lessened, (S, Msb, K, TA.) below its former full rate; (Msb;) became lowered, or abated. (TA.) And هَبَطَ العِدْلُ (assumed tropical:) The counterpoising portion of the load became adjusted or arranged, made even, or made easy, upon the camel. (TA.) A2: هَبَطَهُ, (S, Msb. K.) aor. ـُ (K,) inf. n. هَبْطٌ, (S,) He made him, or it, (namely water. &c., Msb,) to descend: (S, Msb, K;) [he sent, or east, him, or it, down;] as also ↓ اهبطهُ. (K.) You say, السَّنَةُ إِلَى ↓ أَهْبَطَتْهُمُ الأَمْصَارِ [The year of dearth, or drought, caused them to go down to the cities, or great towns]. (A, in art. حسر.) And هَبَطَهُ بَلَدَ كَذَا He, or it, caused him to enter such a town or country. (K.) [And هَبَطَ بِهِ عَلَى مَكَانٍ He, or it, made him to alight upon a place: see an ex. voce زَحَّ.] b2: (tropical:) He lowered him, or degraded him, from his state, or condition; (Fr;) as also ↓ اهبطهُ; (Fr, S;) i. e., God did so; (Fr;) or a man: (S:) it (time, or fortune,) caused his wealth, and his goodness or beneficence, to go away, after he had abounded therein. (TA.) b3: هَبَطَ المَرَضُ لَحْمَهُ (tropical:) The disease rendered him lean; emaciated him: (S, K:) or diminished his flesh. (TA.) b4: هَبَطَ ثَمَنَ السِّلْعَةِ, (S, K.) inf. n. هَبْطٌ, (K,) (tropical:) He (God, K, or a man, S) diminished, or lessened, the price of the commodity, or article of merchandise; (S, K;) he lowered, or abated, it; (TA;) as also ↓ اهبطهُ, said of a man: (A 'Obeyd, S, M:) or هَبَطَ مِنَ الثَّمَنِ (assumed tropical:) he diminished somewhat from the price; and sometimes ↓ اهبطهُ is used in this sense. (Msb.) b5: هَبَطَ العِدْلَ (assumed tropical:) He adjusted or arranged, made even, or made easy, the counterpoising portion of the load upon the camel (TA.) b6: هَبَطَ فُلَانًا He beat, or struck, such a one. (K.) 4 أَهْبَطَ see هَبَطَهُ, in five places.5 تَهَبَّطَ see هَبَطَ, first sentence.7 إِنْهَبَطَ see هَبَطَ, first sentence.

هَبْطَةٌ A low, or depressed, piece of land or ground; (Mgh, K;) contr. of صَعْدَةٌ. (Mgh.) هَبُوطٌ A declivity, or declinal place, a place of descent, or by which one descends, (S, Msb, K;) a place which brings one down from a higher to a lower place. (Az, TA.) هَبيطٌ (tropical:) Lean, or emaciated, by reason of disease; as also ↓ مَهْبُوطٌ: (K:) both are applied to a camel, signifying whose fatness has become diminished; as also ↓ هَابِطٌ: (TA:) and the first, to a she-camel, signifying lean, and lank in the belly; (AO, S;) or to a wild bull, to which a she-camel is likened in respect of her swiftness, and her briskness, liveliness, or sprightliness (IB:) and ↓ the second signifies rendered lean. or emaciated, by disease, so that his flesh quivers. (TA.) هَابِطٌ [act. part. n. of 1, both intrans. and trans.] The rájiz says, مَا رَاعَِنى إِلَّا جَنَاحٌ هَابِطَا عَلَى البُيُوت قَوْطَهُ العُلَابِطَا [Nothing surprised me but the wolf sending down upon the tents his flock of sheep, or goats, fifty or more in number]: he means مُهْبِطًا قَوْطَهُ: so says ISd: or he may mean هَابِطًا عَلَى قَوْطِهِ [descending upon his flock, &c.]; making هابطا trans by ellipsis: (TA:) جناح, in this verse, is the name of a wolf. (TA, in art. جنح.) b2: See also هَبِيطٌ.

مَهْبِطُ الوَحْىِ [The place of descent of revelation;] a name of Mekkah. (Msb, TA) مَهْبُوطٌ (tropical:) A man whose state, or condition has become unsound. (TA.) b2: See also هَبيطٌ, in two places.