صلت

1 صَلُتَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. صُلُوتَةٌ, said of the جَبِين [or side of the forehead], It was such as is termed صَلْت [i. e. conspicuous, or clear, or fair; &c.]: (S, K:) or he (a man) was such as is termed صَلْت in respect of the جَبِين, (S, * K, * TA,) or of the face, or of the cheek (TA. [Accord. to the S and K, the verb is app. said of the جَبِين: accord. to the TA, of a man.]) A2: صَلَتَهُ, (S,) aor. ـُ (TK,) inf. n. صَلْتٌ, (K,) He urged him to run, by striking him with his foot, or leg; or struck him with his feet or legs, to urge him; namely, a horse; syn. رَكَضَهُ. (S, K. *) b2: And He poured it forth; namely, what was in the cup, or bowl. (S.) A3: جَآءَ بِلَبَنٍ يَصْلِتُ, and بِمَرَقٍ يَصْلِتُ, He brought milk, and broth, having much water, (T, S, M,) with little oily, or greasy matter. (T, S.) 3 مُصَالَتَةٌ signifies The taking to oneself a verse of another poet without altering anything in it. (Har p. 267. [But this I believe to be postclassical.]) 4 اصلت سَيْفَهُ He drew his sword from the scabbard. (S, M, A.) 7 انصلت He advanced with a penetrative energy, and outstripped; syn. مَضَى, and سَبَقَ; (K;) or so انصلت فِى سَيْرِهِ [i. e., in his pace]: (S:) he outstripped; syn. تَــجَرَّدَ: and he was quick, or he hastened, in his pace, or going. (TA.) One says of the eagle (العُقَاب), انْصَلَتَتْ مُنْقَضَّةً [It was swift in making a stoop]. (A. [This meaning is there indicated by the context.]) b2: انصلت يَعْدُو He hastened in some measure, running: and so اِنْكَدَرَ يَعْدُو. (A'Obeyd, TA.) b3: انصلتت السَّحَابَةُ (assumed tropical:) The cloud was going to rain. (TA, from a trad.) صَلْتٌ, applied to the جَبِين [or side of the forehead], Conspicuous, or clear, or fair; syn. وَاضِحٌ: (S, A, K:) open, or uncovered, and even: (M, K:) or smooth: (TA:) anything bare; and open, or uncovered: (IAar, TA.) wide, even, and beautiful, or comely. (ISh, TA.) One says رَجُلٌ صَلْتُ الجَبِينِ A man conspicuous, or clear, or fair, in respect of the جبين: (M, TA:) or smooth and shining: (A:) or wide, white, conspicuous, or clear, or fair: (Khálid Ibn-Jembeh, TA:) or even: (A'Obeyd, TA:) or hard. (IAar, TA.) And رَجُلٌ صَلْتُ الوَجْهِ وَالخَدِّ A man conspicuous, or clear, or fair, in respect of the face and of the cheek. (TA.) And فُلَانٌ يُكَوِّنُ الأَسْوَدَ صَلْتًا [Such a one makes the black to be white, or fair]. (TA.) b2: Also, and ↓ مُنْصَلِتٌ, (M, K,) and ↓ إِصْلِيتٌ, applied to a sword, (S, M, A, K,) Sharp: (S:) or polished, and sharp, or penetrating: (K:) or unsheathed, and sharp, or penetrating: (M:) or such as penetrates into that which is smitten with it: (A:) but some say that a sword is not termed صَلْتٌ unless long: (TA:) or ↓ إِصْلِيتٌ may have the same meaning as ↓ مُصْلَتٌ, i. e. unsheathed: (S:) accord. to AA, صَلْتٌ applied to a sword and to a knife and to a needle means having no sheath. (TA.) And one says, ضَرَبَهُ بِالسَّيْفِ صَلْتًا (S, M, A) and ↓ صُلْتًا (S, M) He smote him with sword unsheathed. (S, M, A.) b3: صَلْتٌ applied to a man, as also ↓ أَصْلَتِىٌّ and ↓ مُنْصَلِتٌ (S, M, K) and ↓ مِصْلَتٌ and ↓ مِصْلَاتٌ, (S, K,) pl. [of the last] مَصَالِيتُ, (S,) Hard, firm, strong, or hardy, (M,) sharp, or penetrating, (S, M, K,) in affairs, (S,) or in needful affairs, (M, K,) light in clothing: (M:) and [in like manner] ↓ صَلَتَانٌ signifies sharp, or penetrating, and quick (مُنْصَلِتٌ), in his affair. (Ham p. 536.) b4: See also صَلَتَانٌ below. b5: And see صُلْتٌ. b6: أَبُو الصَّلْتِ is a surname of The حِدَأَة [or kite]. (TA in art. حدأ.) صُلْتٌ (S, M, K) and ↓ صَلْتٌ (M, K) A large knife: (S, M, K:) or an unsheathed knife: (M:) pl. أَصْلَاتٌ. (S, M.) b2: For the former, see also صَلْتٌ.

صِلْتٌ A thief, or robber: (K:) formed by transposition from لِصْتٌ. (TA.) صَلَتَانٌ, applied to a man, and to an ass, Strong, and hard, firm, or hardy: pl. صِلْتَانٌ: (M:) or, applied to a man, as expl. above voce صَلْتٌ, q. v.: (Ham p. 536:) and, applied to an ass, strong: (S: [in some copies of which, for مِنَ الحِمَارِ, meaning مِنَ الحُمُرِ, we find من الجِمَارِ, whence an error in the Lexicon of Golius:]) and, applied to a horse, brisk, lively, or sprightly, and sharp of spirit; (S, K;) and so applied to a man; like فَلَتَانٌ: (T and TA in art. فلت:) and , accord. to As, applied to an ass, smooth, having short hair: (TA:) or sometimes it means having no hair upon him; and so ↓ صَلْتٌ. (Ham p. 536.) A2: [And accord. to ISd, it seems to be an inf. n., of which the verb is not mentioned; for he says that] it signifies also The act of leaping, springing, or bounding. (M.) أَصْلَتِىُّ: see صَلْتٌ.

إِصْلِيتٌ: see صَلْتٌ, in two places.

مُصْلَتٌ: see صَلْتٌ.

مِصْلَتٌ: see صَلْتٌ.

مِصْلَاتٌ: see صَلْتٌ. b2: مِصْلَاتُ العُنُقِ [app. applied to an ass] Having the neck stretching out, and smooth, or with short, or little, hair upon it. (As, TA.) مُنْصَلِتٌ: see صَلْتٌ, in two places. b2: Also, applied to anything, Quick, or swift. (M, TA.) b3: Applied to a river, or rivulet, (tropical:) Vehement in its manner of running. (A, TA.)

غلف

1 غَلَفَ, (S, O, Msb, K,) aor. ـِ (Msb,) inf. n. غَلْفٌ, (O, Msb, TA,) He put a bottle, or flask, (S, O, K, TA,) or a knife, (Msb,) &c., (TA,) into a غِلَاف [q. v.]; (S, O, Msb, K, TA;) as also ↓ اغلف, (S, Msb,) inf. n. إِغْلَافٌ; (Msb;) or ↓ غلّف, inf. n. تَغْلِيفٌ: (K, TA:) or ↓ the second signifies, (Msb,) or signifies also, (S,) he furnished it with a غِلَاف; (S, Msb;) or ↓ غلّف signifies thus: (TA:) القَارُورَةَ ↓ أَغْلَفْتُ is said by Lth to be from الغِلَافُ; and so ↓ غَلَّفْتُهَا, inf. n. تَغْلِيفٌ. (O.) b2: And accord. to Lth, (O,) one says, غَلَفَ لِحْيَتَهُ بِالغَالِيَةِ, (S, Mgh, O, Msb,) aor. ـِ (Msb,) inf. n. غَلْفٌ, (S,) meaning He daubed, or smeared, his beard with [the perfume called] غَالِيَة [q. v.], (Mgh, TA,) and likewise with other perfume, and with حِنَّآء; (TA;) and ↓ غَلَّفَهَا: (Mgh, TA:) but accord. to IDrd, the vulgar say so: (O, Msb, TA:) he says that the correct phrase is غَلَّاهَا (Mgh, O, Msb, TA) بالغالية, (O,) and غَلَّلَهَا: (Mgh, O, Msb:) in a trad. of 'Aacute;ïsheh, however, لِحْيَةَ رَسُولِ اللّٰهِ ↓ كُنْتُ أُغَلِّفُ occurs as meaning I used to daub, or smear, the beard of the Apostle of God with غالية, doing so abundantly: (TA:) and one says, of a man, ↓ تغلّف (Lth, Th, S, O, TA) بِالغَالِيَةِ (Th, S, TA) وَسَائِرِ الطِّيبِ (Th, TA) [i. e. He daubed, or smeared, himself, or his beard, with غالية and the other sorts of perfume]; and [in like manner,] ↓ اغتلف (Lth, O, TA) مِنَ الغَالِيَةِ (Lth, O) or مِنَ الطِّيبِ: (TA:) but accord. to the saying of IDrd [mentioned above], these are wrong, and should be only تَغَلَّى and تَغَلَّلَ, and اِغْتَلَى and اِغْتَلَّ: (O:) or, accord. to Ibn-El-Faraj, one says بالغالية ↓ تغلّف when it is external; and تغلّل بِهَا when it is internal, at the roots of the hair. (O, TA. [See also 2 in art. غل.]) A2: غَلِفَ, aor. ـَ inf. n. غَلَفٌ, He was uncircumcised. (Msb.) 2 غَلَّفَ see 1, first sentence, in three places. Yousay also, غَلَّفْتُ السَّرْجَ [I put a غِلَاف upon, or to, the horse's saddle] and الرَّحْلَ [the camel's saddle: see also its pass. part. n., below]. (O.) b2: and الحِنَّآءُ يُغَلِّفُ الرَّأْسَ The حنّآء [q. v.] covers the head. (Mgh.) See also 1, second sentence, in two places.4 أَغْلَفَ see 1, first sentence, in three places.5 تغلّف, said of a رَحْل [or camel's saddle, (in some copies of the K erroneously رَجُل,) and in like manner of other things], It had a غِلَاف [q. v.], (K, TA,) of leather or the like; (TA;) as also ↓ اغتلف. (K, TA. [See 2, of which the former is quasi-pass.]) b2: See also 1, latter half, in two places.8 إِغْتَلَفَ see 5: b2: and see also 1, last quarter.

غَلْفٌ A species of trees, (S, O, K, TA,) with which one tans, (TA,) like [accord. to some meaning the same as] the غَرْف [q. v.]: (S, O, K, TA:) some say that one does not tan therewith unless together with the غَرْف. (TA.) غَلَفٌ inf. n. of غَلِفَ [q. v.]: (Msb:) [as a simple subst.,] The state of being uncircumcised. (S, O, K.) b2: [Also, of the heart, (assumed tropical:) The state of being أَغْلَف: so, app., accord. to the TA: in the L written غَلَفَة.] b3: And (assumed tropical:) Ample abundance of herbage, or of the goods, conveniences, or comforts, of life. (TA.) غَلِفٌ A certain plant, which is eaten, peculiarly, by the apes, or monkeys: mentioned by AHn. (TA.) غُلْفَةٌ i. q. قُلْفَةٌ (Mgh, O, Msb, K) and غُرْلَةٌ; (Msb;) i. e. [The prepuce;] the little piece of skin which the circumciser cuts off from the غِلَاف [or sheath] of the head of the penis. (Mgh.) b2: and الغُلْفَتَانِ signifies The two extremities of the two halves of the mustache, next to the صِمَاغَانِ [or two sides of the mouth which are the places where the lips conjoin]. (TA.) غِلَافٌ A thing well known; (K, TA;) i. e. a receptacle used as a repository; and a covering, or an envelope, of a thing: (TA:) it is of a sword [i. e. the scabbard, or sheath; and also a case, or covering, enclosing the scabbard, or enclosing the scabbard with its appertenances]; (S, O;) and of a knife and the like [i. e. the sheath]; (Msb;) and of a flask or bottle [i. e. the case thereof]; (S, O;) and [likewise] of a bow; (S, O, K;) and of a camel's saddle (K, TA) and of a horse's saddle, [i. e. a covering] of leather and the like; (TA;) and is such as the enclosing membrane (قَمِيص) of the heart; [غِلَافُ القَلْبِ signifying the pericardium;] and the pellicle (غِرْقِئ) of the egg; and the calyx of a flower; and the [imaginary]

سَاهُور [q. v.] of the moon: (TA:) pl. غُلُفٌ (O, Msb, K) and غُلْفٌ (K) and غُلَّفٌ. (O, * K.) In the phrase in the Kur [ii. 82], وَقَالُوا قُلُوبُنَا غُلُفٌ, as some read it, and, accord. to one reading غُلَّفٌ, the last word means (assumed tropical:) receptacles for knowledge: (O, TA:) but others read غُلْفٌ, which is pl. of ↓ أَغْلَفُ; (S, * O, * TA;) meaning (assumed tropical:) covered from hearing and accepting the truth; (TA;) or (assumed tropical:) as though they were covered from that to which thou invitest us. (O.) أَغْلَفُ [Enclosed] in a غِلَاف [q. v.]; applied in this sense to a sword, as also [the fem.] غَلْفَآءُ to a bow; (S, O, K;) and likewise to anything. (S, O. [See also مُغَلَّفٌ.]) b2: And A man having upon him a sort of garment from beneath which he has not put forth his fore arms. (Khálid Ibn-Jembeh, L, TA.) b3: And, applied to a man, i. q. أَقْلَفُ; (S, Mgh, O, K;) i. e. (Mgh) Uncircumcised: (Mgh, Msb:) fem. غَلْفَآءُ [see بَظْرٌ]: and pl. غُلْفٌ. (Msb.) b4: Applied also to a heart, meaning (assumed tropical:) As thought it were covered with a غِلَاف, so that it does not learn; (S, O, Msb, K, TA;) or covered from hearing and accepting the truth. (TA.) See also غِلَافٌ. [And see مُغَلَّفٌ.] b5: أَرْضٌ غَلْفَآءُ (assumed tropical:) A land that has not been depastured, so that there is in it every sort of small and large herbage. (Sh, O, K.) And سَنَةٌ غَلْفَآءُ (assumed tropical:) A year in which is abundance of herbage; (S, O, K, TA;) and so عَامٌ أَغْلَفُ. (TA.) And عَيْشٌ

أَغْلَفُ (assumed tropical:) Life that is ample in its means or circumstances, unstraitened, or plentiful, and easy, or pleasant. (S, O, K, TA.) مُغَلَّفٌ, applied to a horse's saddle and to a camel's saddle, Having upon it a غِلَاف [or covering] of leather or the like. (TA.) b2: And applied also to a heart as meaning [As though it were] covered. (TA.) [See also أَغْلَفُ.]

جمع

1 جَمَعَ, (S, Mgh, Msb,) aor. ـَ (Mgh, TA,) inf. n. جَمْعٌ, (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) He collected; brought, or gathered, together; gathered up; assembled; congregated; mustered; drew together; or contracted; (Mgh, Er-Rághib, B, K; *) a thing; (Er-Rághib, Msb, B;) so that the several parts or portions became near together; (Er-Rághib, B;) or a thing in a scattered, or dispersed, state; (Fr, S;) and a number of men; (Fr;) as also ↓ جمّع; [or this has only an intensive signification;] and ↓ اجمع. (TA.) [See also the inf. n., جَمْعٌ, below; and] see 2; and 10. b2: [جَمَعَ بَيْنَهُمَا He brought them two together, into a state of union, after separation; and particularly, reconciled them; conciliated them: and he, or it, united, connected, or formed a connexion between, them two: see 3 (last sentence) in art. دنو.] b3: جَمَعَ عَلَيْهِ ثِيَابَهُ He put on, or attired himself with, his clothes. (TA.) b4: جَمَعَتِ الجَارِيَةُ The girl put on the دِرْع and the خِمَار and the مِلْحَفَة; (S, TA;) i. e., (tropical:) became a young woman; (S, K, TA;) became full-grown. (TA.) b5: مَا جَمَعْتُ بِامْرَأَةٍ قَطُّ, and عَنِ امْرَأَةٍ, (assumed tropical:) I have never gone in to a woman; or I have never had a woman conducted to me as my bride. (Ks, K.) b6: فَاجْمَعُوا كَيْدَكُمْ, and فَجَمَعَ كَيْدَهُ: see 4. b7: جَمَعَ أَمْرَهُ: see 4. b8: [جَمَعَ also signifies He composed, arranged, or settled, a thing, or an affair; as in the phrase جَمَعَ اللّٰهُ شَمْلَهُ: see art. شمل. b9: Also It comprised, comprehended, or contained.] b10: Also He pluralized a word; made it to have a plural, or plurals. (The Lexicons passim.) 2 جمّع, (Fr, Msb,) inf. n. تَجْمِيعٌ, (K,) He collected; brought, or gathered, together; gathered up; assembled; congregated; mustered; drew together; or contracted; [thus I render جَمَعَ, as explained above;] much; with much, or extraordinary, energy, or effectiveness, or the like; vigorously; or well. (Bd in civ. 2; Msb, K.) Thus in the Kur [civ. 2], الَّذِى جَمَّعَ مَالًا وَعَدَّدَهُ (S, * Bd) Who hath collected much wealth, and hath made it a provision for the casualties of fortune, or reckoned it time after time: (Bd:) [or who hath amassed, or accumulated, wealth, &c.:] or who hath gained, acquired, or earned, wealth, &c.; thus differing from جَمَعَ, explained above: but it is allowable to say مَالًا ↓ جَمَعَ, without teshdeed; (Fr;) and thus it is [generally] read in this passage of the Kur. (Bd.) See also 1. b2: حَمَّعَتْ, (TA,) inf. n. as above, (K,) She (a hen) collected her eggs in her belly. (K, TA.) b3: جَمَّعُوا, (inf. n. as above, S,) They were present on the Friday, (S, Mgh, Msb,) or with the congregation [then collected], (Mgh,) and performed the prayers [with the congregation] on that day. (S, Mgh.) b4: Hence the saying, أَوَّلُ جُمْعَةٍ جُمِّعَتْ فِى

الإِسْلَامُ بَعْدَ المَدِينَةِ بِجُؤَاثِى [The first Friday that was observed by the performance of congregational prayer in the time of El-Islám, after the observance thereof in El-Medeeneh, was in Ju-áthà]. (TA.) 3 جامعهُ عَلَى أَمْرِ كَذَا, (S, K,) inf. n. مُجَامَعَةٌ (TK) [and جِمَاعٌ], He combined with him, (مَعَهُ ↓ اجتمع, S, K, TA,) and aided him, (TA,) to do such a thing. (S, * K, * TA.) It is said in a trad. of Aboo-Dharr, وَلَا جِمَاعَ لَنَا فِيمَا بَعْدُ i. e. لَنَا ↓ لَااجْتِمَاعَ [which may mean Nor any combining, or nor any coming together, for us afterwards: see 8]. (TA.) b2: جامع امْرَأَتَهُ, (Msb,) inf. n. مُجَامَعَةٌ (S, Msb, K) and جِمَاعٌ, (Mgh, Msb,) (tropical:) He lay with his wife; compressed her. (S, * Mgh, * Msb, K. *) [The latter inf. n. is the more common as meaning Coïtus conjugalis, or the act of compressing].

A2: اِسْتَأْجَرَ الأَجِيرَ مُجَامَعةً, and جِمَاعًا, He hired the hireling for a certain pay every week. (Lh, * TA.) 4 اجمع: see 1. أَجْمَعْتُ الشَّىْءَ signifies I put the thing together; such, for instance, as spoil, or plunder. (S.) You say, أَجْمَعْتُ النَّهْبِ, meaning I collected together from every quarter the camels taken as spoil from the people to whom they belonged, and drove them away: (AHeyth:) or إِجْمَاعٌ signifies [simply] the driving of camels together, or collectively. (K.) b2: الإِجْمَاعُ also signifies The composing and settling a thing which has been discomposed [and unsettled]; as an opinion upon which one determines, resolves, or decides: (TA:) or جَعْلُ الأَمْرِ جَمِيعًا بَعْدَ تَفَرُّقِهِ, (AHeyth, K,) i. e. the determining, resolving, or deciding, upon an affair, so as to make it firmly settled, [after it had been unsettled in the mind, or] after considering what might be its issues, or results, and saying at one time, I will do thus, and at another time, I will do thus. (AHeyth.) You say, أَجْمَعْتُ الأَمْرَ, (Ks, S, Mgh, * Msb, K,) and عَلَى الأَمْرِ, (Mgh, * Msb, K,) I determined, resolved, or decided, upon the affair; (Ks, S, Mgh, * Msb, K;) as though I collected myself, or my mind, for it; (TA;) as, for instance, a journeying, and a fasting, (Mgh, Msb,) and a going forth, and a tarrying or an abiding; (TA;) and in like manner, أَمْرَهُ ↓ جَمَعَ He determined, resolved, or decided, upon his affair; as, for instance, a fasting: (TA:) and أَجْمَعْتُ الرَّأْىِ I determined, or settled, the opinion. (TA.) Yousay also, أَجْمِعْ أَمْرَكَ وَلَا تَدَعْهُ مُنْتَشِرًا [Determine thou, or decide, upon thine affair, and do not leave it unsettled]. (S.) The saying, in the Kur [x. 72], فَأَجْمَعُوا أَمْرَكُمْ وَشُرَكَآءَ كُمْ means Then determine ye, or resolve, or decide, upon your affair, (Fr, Ibn-'Arafeh, Bd,) and prepare for it, (Fr,) or اِجْعَلُوهُ جَمِيعًا, [which has the former of these meanings, as shown above,] (AHeyth,) and call ye your companions, (Fr, S, Bd, K,) شركاءكم being governed in the accus. case by the verb understood, (Bd, TA,) becanse the verb in the text is not used with شركاء for its object, (S, K,) but only the unaugmented verb: (S:) or the meaning is then determine ye, with your companions, upon your affair; (Bd, K;) so says Aboo-Is-hák, adding that what Fr says is erroneous: (TA:) or then determine ye upon your affair and the affair of your companions, for وَأَمْرَ شُرَكَائِكُمْ. (Bd.) It is also said that the phrase, in the Kur [xx. 67], فَأَجْمِعُوا كَيْدَكُمْ meansTherefore determine ye, or resolve, or decide, upon your artifice, or stratagem: (TA:) but some read كَيْدَكُمْ ↓ فَاجْمَعُوا, (Bd, TA,) meaning therefore combine ye all your artifice; leave nothing thereof unexerted; (TA;) and this latter reading is favoured by the phrase كَيْدَهُ ↓ فَجَمَع [in verse 62 of the same ch.]. (Bd.) b3: Also The agreeing, or uniting, in opinion. (K, * TA.) Yousay, أَجْمَعُوا عَلَى الأَمْرِ meaning They agreed, or were of one mind or opinion, upon, or respecting, the affair; (Mgh, Msb;) [and so عَلَيْهِ ↓ اجتمعوا; and عليه ↓ تجمّعوا.] b4: Also The preparing [a thing], or making [it] ready; syn. الإِعْدَادُ. (K, TA. [In the CK, erroneously, الاَعْدَادُ.]) Yousay, أَجْمَعْتُ كَذَا I prepared, or made ready, such a thing. (TA.) And أَجْمِعُوا أَمْرَكُمْ Prepare ye for your affair. (Fr.) b5: Also The binding the teats of a she-camel all together with the صِرَار, q. v. (K.) You say, اجمع بِالنَّاقَةِ, (S, TA,) and اجمع النَّاقَةِ, (TA,) He so bound the teats of the she-camel; (S, TA;) and so أَكْمَشَ بِهَا. (TA.) b6: Also The drying [a thing]; drying [it] up; making [it] dry; syn. التَّجْفِيفُ وَالإِيبَاسُ. (K TA. [In the CK, erroneously, التَخْفُيفُ والاِيْناسُ.]) Hence the saying of Aboo-Wejzeh Es-Saadee, وَأَجْمَعَتِ الهَوَاجِرُ كُلَّ رَجْعٍ

مِنَ الأَجْمَادِ وَالدَّمِثِ البَثَآءِ i.e. [And the vehement mid-day-heats] dried up every pool left by a torrent [of the hard and elevated grounds and of the soft and even ground]. (TA.) b7: اجمع المَطَرُ الأَرْضِ The rain made the whole of the land, both its soft tracts and its hard tracts, to flow: (K:) and in like manner you say, أَجْمَعَتِ الأَرْضُ سَائِلَةً The land flowed in its soft tracts [as well as in its hard tracts; i. e., in every part]. (TA.) [See also 10.]5 تَجَمَّعَ see 8, in three places: and see also 4, latter half.7 انجمع عَنِ النَّاسِ [He withdrew himself from men]. (TA in art. قبض.) 8 اجتمع It (a thing in a scattered or dispersed state, S, and a number of men, Msb, [and a number of things,]) became collected, brought together, gathered together, gathered up, assembled, congregated, mustered, drawn together, or contracted; or it collected, collected itself together, gathered itself together, came together, assembled, congregated, drew itself together, contracted itself; coalesced; combined; (K, TA;) so that the several parts or portions became near [or close] together; (TA;) as also اِجْدَمَعَ, (K,) with د [substituted for the ت]; (TA;) and ↓ تجمّع and ↓ استجمع signify the same: (Msb, K:) and ↓ تجمّعوا signifies they became collected, &c., [from several places, or] hence and thence. (S, K:) [See also 10.] You say also, اجتمع مَعَهُ (Mgh) and بِهِ (Msb) [meaning He was, or became, in company with him; came together with him; met with him; met him; had a meeting, or an interview, with him]. And اجتمع مَعَهُ عَلَى أَمْرِ كَذَا: (S, K:) see 3, first sentence: and see the sentence there next following. And in like manner, عَلَى ↓ تجمّعوا فُلَانٍ They combined, conspired, or leagued, together against such a one. (Ibn-Buzurj, TA in art. ضفر.) [See also اجتمعوا عَلَى الأَمْرِ in 4, latter half.] You also say, اِجْتَمَعَتِ آرَاؤُهُمْ عَلَى الأَمْرِ [Their opinions agreed together, or were in unison, upon, or respecting, the affair]. (Er-Rághib.) and اِجْتَمَعَتْ شَرَائِطُ الإِمَامَةِ The conditions of the office of Imám occurred together [or were combined, or they coexisted, in such a case]; as also ↓ اِسْتَجْمَعَتْ. (Msb: [but it is implied in the Mgh that the latter verb in this sense is not of established authority.]) [See a similar ex. voce ارتفع.] b2: [He, or it, was, or became, compact in make or frame, compressed, contracted, or the like. b3: And hence,] He (a man) attained to his full state of manly vigour, and his beard became fullgrown. (K, TA.) The verb is not thus used in speaking of a woman. (S, TA.) b4: [Hence also,] اجتمع فِى الحَاجَةِ [He was quick and vigorous in executing the needful affair, or in accomplishing that which was wanted; as though he compacted his frame, and collected all his energy: see مَشَى مُجْتَمِعًا, below: and see also 10]. (TA in art. كمش.) b5: [Hence also,] اِجْتَمَعَتِ القِدْرُ The cooking-pot boiled. (Z, TA.) b6: [Hence also, اجتمع said of a thing, or an affair, It was, or became, composed, arranged, or settled.]10 إِسْتَجْمَعَ ↓ استجمع كُلَّ مَجْمَعٍ [He desired, or demanded, the collecting together of every body of soldiers; or he summoned together every body of soldiers]: said of him who demands, or summons, armies, or military forces. (S, TA.) [But this usage of the verb is perhaps post-classical: for Mtr says,] With respect to the saying of ElAbeewardee, شَآمِيَّةٌ تَسْتَجْمِعُ الشَّوْلَ حَرْجَفُ [A north wind, cold and vehement, inviting to collect themselves together the she-camels whose milk has dried up, they having passed seven or eight months since bringing forth, or since pregnancy], it seems that he has compared this verb with the generality of others of the same class, [and so derived the meaning in which he has here used it,] or that he heard it [in that sense] from the people of the cities, or towns, or villages, and cultivated lands. (Mgh.) A2: استجمع used intransitively is syn. with اجتمع, which see in two places, and تجمّع. (Msb, K.) b2: استجمع السَّيْلُ The torrent collected itself together from every place. (S, Mgh, K.) b3: استجمع الوَادِى

The valley flowed in every place thereof. (TA.) [See also 4, last signification.] b4: اِسْتَجْمَعَتْ لَهُ

أُمُورُهُ His affairs, or circumstances, all combined in a manner pleasing to him. (Mgh, K.) b5: استجمع الفَرَسُ جَرْيًا (S, Mgh, K) The horse exerted all his force, or energy, in running: (K, TA:) the last word is here in the accus. case as a specificative. (Mgh.) You say also, اِسْتَجْمَعُوا لَهُمْ, meaning They exerted [all] their strength, force, or energy, for fighting them: and hence, لَكُمْ ↓ إِنَّ النَّاسِ قَدْ جَمَعُوا [app. meaning Verily the men, or people, have exerted all their strength for fighting you]. (A, TA.) b6: استجمع القَوْمُ The people, or company of men, all went away, not one of them remaining; like as one says of a valley flowing in every place thereof. (TA.) b7: استجمع البَقْلُ The herbs, or leguminous plants, all dried up. (TA.) جَمْعٌ inf. n. of 1. (S, &c.) [Hence,] يَوْمُ الجَمْعِ The day of resurrection [when all mankind will be collected together]. (IDrd, K.) b2: Also, without the article ال, A name of El-Muzdelifeh [between 'Arafát and Minè]; (S, Mgh, Msb, K;) determinate, like عَرَفَاتُ: (TA:) so called because people collect themselves there; (S, Msb;) or because Adam there met with Eve (Mgh, Msb) after they had fallen [from Paradise]: (TA:) [or, app., a name of the tract from 'Arafát to Minè inclusive of these two places: and hence,] يَوْمُ جَمْعٍ the day of 'Arafeh [when the pilgrims halt at Mount 'Arafát]: and أَيَّامُ جَمْعٍ the days of Minè. (IDrd, K.) b3: As an inf. n. used as a subst., properly so termed, (S, * Mgh, Msb,) it also signifies A collection; a number together; an assembly; a company, troop, congregated or collective body, party, or group; a mass; syn. ↓ جَمَاعَةٌ, (S, Mgh, L, Msb, K,) of men; (S, L, K;) as also ↓ مَجْمَعٌ (L, Msb, TA) and ↓ مَجْمِعٌ (Msb) and ↓ مَجْمَعَةٌ (L, TA) and ↓ جَمِيعٌ: (O, K:) but ↓ جَمَاعَةٌ is also used as signifying a collection, a number together, or an assemblage, of other things than men; [of beasts, as camels, horses and the like, bulls and cows, and antelopes, gazelles, &c., i. e. a herd, troop, or drove; of dogs, i. e. a pack; of sheep and goats, i. e. a flock; of birds, i. e. a flock or bevy; of bees, and locusts, &c., i. e. a swarm;] and even of trees, and of plants; (L, TA;) it signifies a collection, or an assemblage, or aggregate, of any things, consisting of many and of few; (Msb;) [as also ↓ مَجْمُوعٌ and ↓ مَجْمَعٌ;] a number, a plurality, and a multitude, of any things: (TA:) the pl. of جَمْعٌ is جُمُوعٌ. (S, Mgh, Msb, K.) b4: and particularly, An army; a military force; (TA;) as also ↓ جَمِيعٌ. (S, K.) Whence the phrase, in a trad., لَهُ سَهْمٌ جَمْعٌ, [or, more probably, سَهْمُ جَمْعٍ,] meaning For him or shall be, the like of an army's share of the spoil. (TA.) b5: Also The plural of a thing [or word; i. e. a proper plural, according to the grammarians; and also applied by the lexicologists to a quasi-plural noun, which the grammarians distinguish by the terms اِسْمُ جَمْعٍ and جَمْعٌ لُغَوِىٌّ]; and so ↓ جِمَاعٌ, (S, K,) and ↓ جَمِيعٌ, except that this last is what is termed اِسْمٌ لَازِمٌ [app. meaning a subst. which does not govern another as its complement in the gen. case like as جَمْعٌ and جِمَاعٌ do, being thus likened to what is termed فِعْلٌ لَازِمٌ, i. e. an intransitive verb; so that you say of الخِبَآءُ, for instance, الجَمِيعُ الأَخْبِيَةُ the plural is الاخبية; for in this manner I always find it used when it has this signification, which is frequently the case in several of the older lexicons, and in some others; not جَمِيعُ الخِبَآءِ الأَخْبِيَةُ]; (TA;) [whereas] you say, [جَمْعُ الخِبَآءِ الأَخْبِيَةُ and] ↓ جِمَاعُ الخِبَآءِ الأَخْبِيَةُ, (S, K,) i. e. the جَمْع [or plural] of الخباء is الخِبَآءِ; (K) for ↓ الجِمَاعُ is what comprises a number [of things]. (S, K.) See also this last word below. b6: And see also the next paragraph, in three places. b7: The worst sort of dates; (S, Mgh, Msb, K;) because they are collected together and mixed, (Mgh, Msb,) from among the dates of fifty palm-trees: (Mgh:) and afterwards, by predominant usage, [any] bad dates: (Mgh, * Msb:) or a certain kind of dates (K, TA) mixed together, of several sorts, not in request, and not mixed but for their badness: (TA:) or it signifies, (Mgh, K,) or signifies also, (S, Msb,) palm-trees (As, S, Mgh, Msb, K) of any kind, (As, Mgh, Msb,) growing from the date-stones, (S, K,) of which the name is unknown. (As, S, Mgh, Msb, K.) b8: Red gum; (Ibn-'Abbád, K;) [app. because collected and mixed with gum of lighter colour.] b9: The milk of any camel having her udder bound with the صِرَار [q. v.]; ([i. e. the milk that collects in the udder so bound;] that of any camel not having her udder bound therewith is called فُوَاقٌ;) as also ↓ جَمِيعٌ. (K.) الجُمْعُ, (TA, and EM p. 102,) and جُمْعُ الكَفِّ, (S, Msb, K,) and الكَفِّ ↓ جِمْعُ, (Msb, K, and so in the margin of a copy of the S, as mentioned in the TA,) and الكَفِّ ↓ جَمْعُ, (Msb,) The fist; the hand clinched; (S, Msb, K;) the hand with the fingers put together and contracted in the palm: (TA, * and EM ubi suprà:) pl. أَجْمَاعٌ. (K.) Yousay, ضَرَبْتُهُ بِجُمْعِ كَفِّى I beat him, or struck him, with my fist. (S, Msb. *) And ضَرَبُوهُ بِأَجْمَاعِهِمْ They beat him, or struck him, with their [clinched] hands. (TA.) And جَآءَ فُلَانٌ بِقُبْضَةٍ مِلْءٍ جُمْعِهِ Such a one came with a quantity in his grasp as much as filled his clinched hand. (S, TA.) and جُمْعُ الكَفِّ signifies [also] The quantity that a hand grasps, of money &c. (Ham p. 778.) b2: أَخَذْتُ فُلَانًا بِجُمْعِ ثِيَابِهِ, (S, Msb, *) and ↓ بِجَمْعِ ثِيَابِهِ, (Msb,) i. e. [I took, or seized, such a one] by the part where his garments met together. (Msb.) b3: أَمْرُهُمْ بِجُمْعِ, and ↓ بِجِمْعٍ, (tropical:) Their affair, or case, is concealed, (S, K,) undivulged by them, and unknown by any one [beside them]. (S, TA.) b4: ذَهَبَ الشَّهْرُ بِجُمْعٍ, and ↓ بِجِمْعٍ, The month passed away wholly; all of it. (K, TA.) b5: هِىَ مِنْ زَوْجِهَا بِجُمْعٍ, (S, Mgh, K,) and ↓ بِجِمْعٍ, (S, K,) She is as yet undevirginated, or undeflowered, (S, Mgh, K,) by her husband. (S, Mgh.) and طُلِّقَتْ بِجُمْعٍ, or ↓ بِجِمْعٍ, She was divorced being yet a virgin. (TA.) And مَاتَتْ بِجُمْعٍ, (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) and ↓ بِجِمْعٍ, (Ks, S, Msb, K,) and ↓ بِجَمْعٍ, (K,) She died a virgin: (Mgh, Msb, K:) or it signifies, (S, K,) or signifies also, (Mgh, Msb,) she died being with child; (Az, S, Mgh, Msb, K;) whether suffering the pains of parturition or not: (Az:) or heavy with child: (K:) occurring in the first sense, (Mgh, TA,) or, as some say, in the last, (TA,) in a trad., in which it is said that a woman who so dies is a martyr: (Mgh, TA:) it properly signifies she died with something comprised in her, not separated from her, whether it were a burden in the womb, or her maidenhead: (Sgh:) [the pl. is أَجْمَاعٌ; for] you say, مَاتَتِ النِّسَآءُ بِأَجْمَاعٍ The women died [being virgins: or] being with child. (Az.) You say also, نَاقَةٌ جُمْعٌ A she-camel with young. (TA.) And ↓ اِمْرَأَةٌ جَامِعٌ A woman with child. (TA.) جِمْعٌ: see the next preceding paragraph, in six places.

جُمَعٌ pl. of جَمْعَآءُ, fem. of أَجْمَعُ [q. v.].

جُمْعَةٌ is [a subst.] from الاِجْتِمَاعُ, like as [its contr.] فُرْقَةٌ is [ a subst.] from الااِفْتِرَاقُ: (Mgh:) and signifies A state of union, agreement, congruity, or congregation: or sociableness, socialness, familiarity, companionableness, companionship, fellowship, friendship, and amity: syn. أُلْفَةٌ: as in the saying, أَدَامَ اللّٰهُ جُمْعَةَ مَا بَيْنَكُمَا [May God make permanent the state of union, &c., subsisting between you two]. (Aboo-Sa'eed, K.) b2: Hence, (Mgh,) يَوْمُ الجُمْعَةِ, (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) the original form, (TA,) of the dial. of 'Okeyl; (Msb, TA;) and يَوْمُ الجُمُعَةِ, (S, Msb, K,) the most chaste form, (TA,) of the dial. of El-Hijáz; (Msb, TA;) and يَوْمُ الجُمَعَةِ, (Msb, K,) of the dial. of Benoo-Temeem; (Msb, TA;) and, in consequence of frequency of usage, الجُمَعَةُ alone; (Mgh;) A well-known day; (K;) [the day of the congregation; i. e. Friday;] formerly called (TA) the day of العَرُوبَة: (S, TA:) called يوم الجمعة because of the congregating of the people thereon: (Msb:) Th asserts that the first who named it thus was Kaab Ibn-Lu-eí; and he is related to have said that it was thus called because Kureysh used to gather themselves together to Kuseí, [on that day,] in [the building called] دَارُ النَّدْوَةِ: (TA:) accord. to the R, Kaab Ibn-Lu-eí was the first who collected a congregation on the day of العروبة, which was not called الجمعة save since the coming of El-Islám; [or it was not generally thus called before El-Islám; for it is added,] and he was the first who named it الجمعة; for Kureysh used to congregate to him on this day, and he used to preach to them, and to put them in mind of the mission of the apostle of God, informing them that he should be of his descendants, and bidding them to follow him and to believe in him: (TA:) or, as some say, it was thus called in the time of El-Islám because of their congregating [thereon] in the mosque: accord. to a trad., the Ansár named it thus, because of their congregating thereon: (TA:) or it was thus named because God collected thereon the materials of which Adam was created: (I 'Ab:) those who say الجُمَعَةُ regard it as an epithet, meaning that this day collects men much; comparing it to هُمَزَةٌ and لُمَزَةٌ and ضُحَكَةٌ: (TA:) the pl. is جُمَعٌ (S, Mgh, Msb, K) and جُمْعَاتٌ (Msb, K) and جُمُعَاتٌ (S, Mgh, Msb, K) and جُمَعَاتٌ; (Msb, K;) of which the last is pl. of جُمَعَةٌ, [as well as of جُمْعَةٌ, accord. to analogy,] but not so جُمَعٌ (AHát) [nor either of the other pls. mentioned above]. b3: In like manner you say صَلَاةٌ الجُمْعَةِ [The prayer of Friday], and, in consequence of the frequency of usage, الجُمْعَةُ alone. (Mgh.) b4: الجُمْعَةُ, with the م quiescent, is also a name for [The week; i. e.] the days of the week [collectively]; of which the Arabs are said, by IAar, to have reckoned the Sabbath (السَّبْت [i. e. Saturday]) as the first, though they called Sunday the first of the days. (Msb.) b5: جُمْعَةٌ is also syn. with مَجْمُوعَةٌ [meaning Things collected together; or a collection of things]; (K;) as in the phrase جُمْعَةٌ مِنْ حَصًى [a collection of pebbles]. (TA.) b6: You say also جُمْعَةٌ مِنْ تَمْرٍ, meaning A handful of dates. (S, K.) جَمْعِىٌّ Of, or relating to, a plural.]

جُمَعِىٌّ One who fasts on Friday by himself. (IAar, Th.) جِمَاعٌ: see جَمْعٌ as signifying “ a plural,” in three places. [The primary signification seems to be the last there mentioned; where it is said,] الجِمَاعُ is What comprises a number [of things]: (S, K:) one says, الخَمْرُ جِمَاعُ الإِثْمِ (S, TA) [i. e. Wine is what comprises a number of sins: or] that in which sin is comprised, and known to be: the saying is a trad.: (TA:) or جِمَاعُ الإِثْمِ signifies the plurality (جَمْع) of sins. (Msb.) Hence also the saying of El-Hasan El-Basree, اِتَّقُوا هٰذِهِ الأَهْوَآءَ فَإِنَّ جِمَاعَهَا الضَّلَالَةُ وَمَعَادَهَا النَّارُ [Beware ye of these natural desires; for what they involve is error, and the place to which they lead is the fire of Hell]. (TA: in the L, وميعادها.) And it is said in a trad., حَدِّثْنِى بِكَلِمَةٍ تَكُونُ جِمَاعًا i. e. Tell me a saying comprising [virtually] a plurality of sayings. (TA.) [See a similar phrase below, voce جَامِعٌ.] b2: [Hence also,] بُرْمَةٌ جِمَاعٌ A stonecooking-pot of the largest size: (Ks, L:) or قِدْرٌ جِمَاعٌ, and ↓ جَامِعَةٌ, (S, K, TA,) a cooking-pot that comprises a slaughtered camel; or, accord. to the A, that comprises a sheep or goat: (TA:) or a great cooking-pot; (S, K;) as also ↓ جَامِعٌ: (Sgh, K:) pl. [most probably of this last] جُمْعٌ [like as بُزْلٌ is pl. of بَازِلٌ, &c.]. (K.) b3: Yousay also, فُلَانٌ جِمَاعٌ لِبَنِى فُلَانٍ Such a one is an object of resort for his counsel and authority to the sons of such a one. (TA.) A2: [See also 3.]

جَمُوعٌ: see جَمَّاعٌ.

جَمِيعٌ In a state of collection, congregation, or union; being together; met together; [as also ↓ مُجْتَمِعٌ;] contr. of مُتَفَرِّقٌ. (S, K.) You say قَوْمٌ جَمِيعٌ A people, or number of men, in a state of collection, &c.; being together; met together; syn. ↓ مُجْتَمِعُونَ: (TA:) and in like manner, ↓ إِبِلٌ جَمَّاعَةٌ Camels in a state of collection; &c. (TA.) b2: [All, or the whole, of any things or thing.] See أَجْمَعُ, last sentence. b3: [As an epithet in which the quality of a subst. is predominant,] A tribe [or any number of men] in a state of collection, congregation, or union; being together; met together; syn. ↓ حَىٌّ مُجْتَمِعٌ. (S, K.) See also جَمْعٌ, in four places. b4: A man compact, or compressed, or contracted, in make, or frame: (الخَلْقِ ↓ مُجْتَمِعُ;) strong; who has not become decrepit nor infirm. (TA.) b5: رَجُلٌ جَمِيعٌ اللَّأْمَةِ A man having his arms, or weapons, collected together. (TA.) b6: رَجُلٌ جَمِيعُ الرَّأْىِ, and ↓ مُجْتَمِعُهُ, A man of right, not disordered or unsettled, opinion, or judgment, or counsel. (TA.) b7: جَعَلَ الأَمْرَ جَمِيعًا بَعْدَ تَفَرُّقِهِ (AHeyth, K) He determined, resolved, or decided, upon the affair, so as to make it firmly settled, [after it had been unsettled in his mind, or] after considering what might be its issues, or results, and saying at one time, I will do thus, and at another time, I will do thus. (AHeyth.) جَمَاعَةٌ: see جَمْعٌ, in two places.

جَمَّاعٌ and ↓ مِجْمَعٌ [are mentioned together, but not explained, in the TA: the former signifies, and probably, judging from analogy, the latter likewise, as also ↓ جَمُوعٌ, One who collects much; or who collects many things]. b2: إِبِلٌ جَمَّاعَةٌ: see جَمِيعٌ جُمَّاعٌ Anything of which the several component parts are collected, brought, gathered, or drawn, together. (IDrd, K.) b2: [Hence,] as an epithet, applied to a woman, it means Short. (TA.) b3: [Hence also,] جُمَّاعٌ الثُّرَيَّا The cluster of the Pleiades: (IDrd:) or persons who collect together for the rain of the Pleiades, which is the rain called الوَسْمِىّ, looking for the fruitfulness and herbage resulting from it. (IAar.) b4: And جُمَّاعُ النَّاسِ A medley, or mixed or promiscuous multitude or collection, of men, or people, (S, Msb, K,) of various tribes; (S, K;) as also جُمَّاعٌ alone: (TA:) or the latter, people scattered, or in a state of dispersion. (Ham p. 302.) b5: جُمَّاعٌ also signifies The place [either properly or tropically] which comprises the origin of anything; (K, TA;) the source of descent or extraction of people; and hence applied by I 'Ab to main tribes from which other tribes are derived; or, as some say, used by him as meaning various classes of men, such as are termed أَوْزَاع and أَوْشَاب. (TA.) b6: [And The main, or most essential, part of a thing. Thus,] جُمَّاعُ جَسَدِ الإِنْسَانِ means The head of the man. (TA.) b7: جُمَّاعُ التَّمْرِ The contraction (تَجَمُّع) of the envelopes of the flowers of dates, in one place, upon [the germs of] the fruit, or produce, thereof. (TA.) جَامِعٌ [act. part. n. of 1; Collecting; &c.] b2: الجَامِعُ one of the names of God; meaning The Collector of the created beings for the day of reckoning: or, as some say, the Combiner of things of similar natures and of things of contrary natures, in existence. (IAth.) b3: The belly; [because it collects what passes from the stomach;] of the dial. of El-Yemen. (TA.) b4: Also, (Msb,) or المَسْجِدُ الجَامِعُ, (S, K,) [The congregational mosque;] the mosque in which the [congregational] prayers of Friday are performed; because it collects the people for a certain time; (Msb;) and you may also say, مَسْجِدُ الجَامِعِ, meaning مَسْجِدُ اليَوْمِ الجَامِعِ, (S, K,) like as you say الحَقُّ اليَقِينُ and حَقُّ اليَقِينِ, [the latter] as meaning حَقُّ الشَّىْءِ اليَقِينِ; for it is not allowable to prefix a noun to another of the same meaning except with this kind of subaudition; or, accord. to Fr, the Arabs used to do so because of the difference of the two words themselves: (S:) or مسجد الجامع is a mistake: (K:) so says Lth; but all others allow it; for the Arabs prefix a subst. to another signifying the same thing, and also to its epithet, as in the phrases in the Kur دِينُ القَيِّمَةِ [ch. xcviii. v. 4] and وَعْدَ الصِّدْقِ [ch. xlvi. v. 15]: (Az, TA:) [pl. جَوَامِعُ.] b5: مِصْرٌ جَامِعٌ [A great town comprising a large population; a comprehensive great town]. (Msb in art. مدن [where it is given as the explanation of مَدِينَةٌ]; and K in art. قرى [where it is less properly given as the explanation of قَرْيَةٌ].) b6: قِدْرٌ جَامِعٌ and جَامِعَةٌ: see جِمَاعٌ b7: اِمْرَأَةٌ جامِعٌ: see the paragraph commencing with الجُمْعُ; last signification. b8: أَتَانٌ جَامِعٌ A she-ass pregnant when beginning to be so. (S, O, K.) b9: ↓ جَامِعَةٌ A [collar of the kind called]

غُلّ; (S, K;) because it collects together the two hands to the neck: (S:) pl. جَوَامِعُ. (TA.) b10: أَمْرٌ جَامِعٌ An affair that collects people together: or, as Er-Rághib says, a momentous affair, on account of which people collect themselves together; as though the affair itself collected them. (TA.) [Similar to this is the saying,] الصَّلَاةُ جَامِعَةٌ لِكُلِّ النَّاسِ Prayer is a collector of all people. (Msb.) b11: It is said of Mohammad, (Msb,) كَانَ يَتَكَلَّمُ بِجَوَامِعِ الكَلِمِ He used to speak comprehensive but concise language; language conveying many meanings in few words. (Msb, K. [In the CK, الكلم is omitted.]) and hence the saying of 'Omar Ibn-'Abd-el-'Azeez, عَجِبْتُ لِمَنْ لَاحَنَ النَّاسَ كَيْفَ لَا يَعْرِفُ جَوَامِعَ الكَلِمِ, meaning [I wonder at him who vies with men in endeavouring to show his superiority of intelligence,] how it is that he does not [know the way to] confine himself to conciseness, and abstain from superfluity, of speech. (TA.) In like manner, (TA,) it is said in a trad., أُوتِيتُ جَوَامِعَ الكَلِمِ, meaning I have had communicated to me the Kur-án, (K, TA,) in which many meanings are comprised in a few words. (TA.) الجَوَامِعُ مِنَ الدُّعَآءِ, also, signifies Prayers, or supplications, combining petitions for good and right objects of desire with praise of God and with the general prescribed observances proper to the case. (TA.) You say also, المَحَامِدِ ↓ حَمِدْتُ اللّٰهَ بِمَجَامِعِ I praised God with words comprising various forms of praise. (Msb.) [See also جِمَاعٌ.] b12: رَجُلٌ جَامِعٌ A man who combines such qualities that he is suited to hardship and to easiness of circumstances. (As. T in art. ادم.) And رَجُلٌ جَامِعٌ لِلْخَيْرِ (T and M and K in art. ام) A man combining all kinds of good qualities. (TK in that art.) b13: دَابَّةٌ جَامِعٌ A beast fit for the إِكَاف and the سَرْج [i. e. for the saddle of either of the kinds thus called]. (Sgh, K.) b14: جَمَلٌ جَامِعٌ, and نَاقَةٌ جَامِعَةٌ, (K,) accord. to ISh, (TA,) A hecamel, and a she-camel, that fails of putting forth the tooth called ناب at the time expected; expl. by أَخْلَفَا بُزُولًا: but this is not said except after four years: (K:) so in the copies of the K; but correctly, accord. to the O and TS, this is not said after four years, [app. reckoned from the usual time of بزول, for this is in the ninth year, or, sometimes, in the eighth,] without the exceptive particle. (TA.) جَامِعَةٌ used as a subst.: see the next preceding paragraph.

أَجْمَعُ [Collecting, comprising, or containing, a greater, or the greatest, number or quantity; more, or most, comprehensive. Of its usage in a superlative sense, the following are exs.]. إِذَا أَخَذَ شَاهِدَ زُورٍ بَعَثَ بِهِ إِلَى السُّوقِ أَجْمَعَ مَا كَانَ [When he took a false witness, he sent him to the market when it comprised, or contained, the greatest number of people]: اجمع being here in the accus. case as a denotative of state with respect to the سوق: and the reason why كانت is not here said [instead of كان] is that سوق is sometimes masc. (Mgh.) And اِفْعَلْ مَا هُوَ أَجْمَعُ لِأُصُولِ الأَحْكَامِ [Do thou that which is most comprehensive in relation to the principles of the ordinances applying to the case]. (Msb in art. حوط.) A2: [As a simple epithet, Entire, complete, or whole: fem.

جَمْعَآءُ. You say,] بَهِيمَةٌ جَمْعَآءُ A beast free from defects, entire in all its limbs or members, without mutilation, and without cauterization; (TA;) a beast from the body of which nothing has gone. (S, K.) b2: نَاقَةٌ جَمْعَآءُ [may sometimes have the like meaning: or,] accord. to IAar, (TA,) A she-camel extremely aged, (K, TA,) so that her teeth have become short, and almost gone. (TA.) A3: It is also a sing. having the meaning of a pl., (S, K,) without any proper sing. of its own: (S:) its pl. is أَجْمَعُونَ: and its fem. is جَمْعَآءُ: (S, K:) and the pl. of this last is جُمَعُ, though by rule it should be formed by the addition of ا and ت to the sing., like as the pl. of أَجْمَعُ is formed by the addition of و and ن; (S;) the original form from which جُمَعُ is changed being جَمْعَاوَاتٌ; or it is جَمَاعَى; it is not جُمْعٌ, because أَجْمَعُ is not an epithet, like as أَحْمَرُ is, of which the pl. is حُمْرٌ; (L;) for it is determinate, though of the measure of an epithet, which is indeterminate; (AAF;) and though it is in concordance with the noun which precedes it, like an epithet, it is shown to be not an epithet by its not having a broken pl.: (L:) it is a simple corroborative; (S, K;) and so are أَجْمَعُونَ and جَمْعَآءُ and جُمَعُ; not used as an inchoative nor as an enunciative nor as the agent of a verb nor as the objective complement of a verb, like as are some other corroboratives, such as نَفْسُهُ and عَيْنُهُ and كُلُّهُ. (S.) You say, أَخَذْتُ حَقِّى أَجْمَعَ [I took my right, or due, all of it, or altogether]: and رأَيْتُ النِّسْوَةَ جُمَعَ [I saw the women, all of them, or all together]: the last word in this and similar cases being imperfectly declinable, and determinate word: (Sudot;, TA:) and جَاؤُوا أَجْمَعُونَ [They came, all of them, or all together]: and رَأَيْتُهُمْ أَجْمَعِينَ [I saw them, all of them, or all together]: and مَرَرْتُ بِهِمْ أَجْمَعِينَ [I passed by them, all of them, or all together]. (Msb.) Fr mentions the phrases, أَعْجَبَنِى القَصْرُ أَجْمَعَ [The palace pleased me, all of it, or altogether], and الدَّارُ جَمْعَآءَ [The house, all of it, or altogether], with the accus. case, as denotative of state; but does not allow أَجْمَعُونَ nor جُمَعُ to be used otherwise than as corroboratives: IDrst, however, allows أَجْمَعِينَ to be used as a denotative of state; and this is correct; and accord. to both these ways is related the trad., فَصَلُّوا جُلُوسًا أَجْمَعِينَ and أَجْمَعُونَ [And pray ye sitting, all of you, or all together]; though some make اجمعين [here] to be a corroborative of a pronoun understood in the accus. case, as though the speaker said, أَعْنِيكُمْ أَجْمَعِينَ [I mean you, all of you, or all together]: (K in art. بتع:) or اجمعين in this case is a corruption committed by the relaters in the first age; and he is in error who says that it is in the accus. case as a denotative of state, for corroboratives are determinate, and the denotative of state is literally or virtually indeterminate. (Msb.) [Respecting the usage of this corroborative together with others similar to it, see أَبْتَعُ.] You say also, جَاؤُوا بِأَجْمَعِهِمْ, and بِأَجْمُعِهِمْ, with damm to the م, [They came, all of them, or all together,] (S, Msb, K,) the latter mentioned by ISk. (Msb.) And you say, قَبَضْتُ المَالَ أَجْمَعَهُ [I took, or received, the property, all of it, or altogether]. (Msb.) And ↓ جَمِيعٌ, also, is used as a corroborative: (S, Msb:) as in the saying جَاؤُوا جَمِيعًا, meaning They came, all of them: (S:) and قَبَضْتُ المَالَ جَمِيعَهُ, like أَجْمَعَهُ [explained above]: (Msb:) and جَمِيعَةً occurs as its fem.; but this is extr. (TA.) مَجْمَعٌ and مَجْمِعٌ, (S, Msb, K,) the latter anomalous, like مَشْرِقٌ and مَغْرِبٌ &c., (TA,) A place of collecting, and the like: (S, Msb, * K:) [pl. مَجَامِعُ] [Hence,] مَجْمَعُ البَحْرَيْنِ, in the Kur [xviii. 59], means The place where the two seas meet. (Bd.) And in like manner, where it is said in a trad., فضَرَبَ بِيَدِهِ مَجْمَعَ بَيْنَ عُنُقِى

وَكَتِفِى, [in which مَا seems to have been dropped by the copyist between مجمع and بين,] the meaning is, [And he struck with his hand] the place where my neck and my shoulder-blade meet. (TA.) [Hence also the phrase مَجَامِعُ المَحَامِدِ, explained above: see جَامِعٌ, near the end of the paragraph. And مَجَامِعُ الأُمُورِ, meaning The concurrences of affairs, or of circumstances, or of events.]

b2: A place in which people collect, assemble, or congregate: (Msb, * TA:) and [in like manner,] ↓ مَجْمَعَةٌ signifies an assembly-room; a sitting room in which people assemble: (TA:) [pl. of both مَجَامِعُ.] You say, هٰذَا الكَلَامُ أَوْلَجُ فِى

المَسَامِعِ وَأَجْوَلُ فِى المَجَامِعِ [This language, or discourse, is more, or most, penetrating into the ears, and more, or most, circulating in the places of assembly]. (TA.) b3: See also جَمْعٌ, as syn. with جَمَاعَةٌ, in two places; and see 10, first sentence. b4: [The whole of anything, considered as the place in which the several parts thereof are collected: see an instance voce خُفٌّ: and see also مُجْتَمَعٌ.]

أَمْرٌ مُجْمَعٌ, (S, K,) and مُجْمَعٌ عَلَيْهِ, (TA,) An affair determined, resolved, or decided, upon: (S, K:) an affair agreed upon. (TA.) [The former signification applies to both of the abovementioned phrases: the latter signification, perhaps, only to the latter phrase.] b2: خُطْبَةٌ مُجْمَعَةٌ [A discourse in rhyming prose, or the like,] in which is no flaw, or defect. (Ibn-' Abbád, K.) عَامٌ مُجْمِعٌ A year of dearth, drought, sterility, or unfruitfulness: (Ks, K:) because it is an occasion of people's collecting together in the place where herbage, or plenty, is found. (Ks.) And فَلَاةٌ مُجْمِعَةٌ, (S, TA,) like مُحْسِنَةٌ; (TA;) [in Gol. Lex., erroneously, مُجْمَعَةٌ;] and ↓ مُجَمِّعَةٌ, like مُحَدِّثَةٌ; (TA;) A desert in which people collect themselves together, not separating themselves, from fear of losing their way, or perishing, and the like; as though the desert itself collected them. (S, TA.) And أَرْضٌ مُجْمِعَةٌ, like مُحْسِنَةٌ, A land of dearth, drought, sterility, or unfruitfulness, wherein the camels upon which people journey are not dispersed to pasture. (TA.) مِجْمَعٌ: see جَمَّاعٌ.

مَجْمَعَةٌ: see مَجْمَعٌ: b2: and جَمْعٌ, as syn. with جَمَاعَةٌ.

A2: Also Sands collected together: (K:) pl. مَجَامِعُ. (TA.) And A vacant, or void, land, destitute of herbage or vegetable produce, and of water. (AA, K.) فَلَاةٌ مُجَمِّعَةٌ: see مُجْمِعٌ.

مَجْمُوعٌ Collected; brought, or gathered, together; gathered up; assembled; congregated; mustered; drawn together; [or contracted;] (S, K, TA;) [from several places, or] hence and thence, although not made as one thing. (S, Sgh, L, K.) It is said in the Kur [xi. 105], ذٰلِكَ يَوْمٌ مَجْمُوعٌ لَهُ النَّاسِ That is a day for which mankind shall be collected. (TA.) b2: See also جَمْعٌ.

مُجْتَمَعٌ [A place in which a thing becomes collected, brought together, or the like; or in which things have become so; where they collect themselves, come together, or unite; or in which they are comprised, or contained; a place in which is a collection of things]. You say, البَيْضَةُ مُجْتَمَعُ الوَلَدِ [The egg is that which comprises the young bird]. (Mgh in art. بيض.) And مُجْتَمَعُ المَوْتِ signifies the same as حَوْضُ المَوْتِ, which see, in art. حوض. (TA in that art.) b2: [Also The collective mass, or whole, of the hair of the head: (see جُمَّةٌ, in three places:) مُجْتَمَعُ شَعْرِ الرَّأْسِ meaning the whole head of hair: see also مَجْمَعٌ.]

مُجْتَمِعٌ: see جَمِيعٌ, in five places. b2: A man who has attained to his full state of manly vigour, (S, Mgh, TA,) and whose beard has become fullgrown: (TA:) because at that time his powers have become collected, or because his beard is then full-grown. (Mgh.) [See the verb, 8. and see an ex. in a verse of Suheym Ibn-Wetheel cited in art. دور, conj. 3.] b3: أَلْقَاهُ مُجْتَمِعًا [He threw him down gathered together, or in a heap]. (S and Msb and K in art. كور.) b4: مَشَى مُجْتَمِعًا He walked quickly, (K, TA,) with vehemence of motion, and strength of limbs, not languidly. (TA.) مُتَجَمَّعُ البَيْدَآءِ The main part of the desert; the part in which [as it were] it collects itself; syn. مُعَظَمُهَا وَمُحْتَفَلُهَا. (TA.)

سحل

1 سَحَلَهُ, aor. ـَ (K,) inf. n. سَحْلٌ, (S, TA,) He pared it; peeled it; or stripped off, scraped off, rubbed off, abraded, or otherwise removed, its outer covering or integument, or superficial part: or he pared, peeled, or stripped, it off: (S, K, TA:) this is the primary signification: (S:) and he filed it. (TA.) It is said in a trad., فَجَعَلَتْ تَسْحَلُهَا لَهُ, i. e. And she betook herself to paring off from it the flesh that was upon it for him: or, as some relate it, تَسْحَاهَا, which means the same. (TA.) b2: [Hence,] الرِّيَاحُ تَسْحَلُ الأَرْضَ (tropical:) The winds strip off what is upon the earth, (K, TA,) or the surface of the earth. (TA: and the like is said in the S.) b3: and سَحَلَهُ مِائَةَ سَوْطٍ, (S, K,) inf. n. as above, (TA,) (assumed tropical:) He struck him a hundred lashes, or strokes of a whip, (S, K, TA,) and pared off his skin, (TA,) or as though he pared off his skin. (S.) b4: and سَحَلَ فُلَانٌ (assumed tropical:) Such a one reviled [another], and blamed [him: like as you say, قَشَرَ بِاللِّسَانِ]. (K. [See مِسْحَلٌ as meaning “ a tongue. ”]) One says, وَجَدَ النَّاسَ يَسْحَلُونَهُ (assumed tropical:) He found the people reviling him, (K, TA,) and blaming him, and speaking evil of him behind his back, or in his absence, or otherwise. (TA.) b5: سَحَلْتُ الشَّىْءَ i. q. سَحَقْتُهُ [I bruised, brayed, or pounded, the thing: or pulverized it: &c.]. (S.) b6: سَحَلَ الثِّيَابَ He washed the clothes, [beating them in doing so,] and removed [or rubbed off] from them the soils. (TA.) b7: سَحَلْتُ الدَّرَاهِمَ I made the pieces of money smooth. (S.) Accord. to ISk, I poured out, or forth, the pieces of money; as though I rubbed them, one against another. (S.) [Or] سَحَلَ الدَّرَاهِمَ, aor. as above, (K,) and so the inf. n., (TA,) i. q. اِنْتَقَدَهَا [which signifies He picked the pieces of money, separating the good from the bad; or examined them to do so: and also he received the pieces of money]. (K.) and سَحَلْتُهُ مِائَةَ دِرْهَمٍ I paid him a hundred dirhems in ready money. (S.) [Or] سَحَلَ الغَرِيمَ مِائَةَ دِرْهَمٍ He paid the creditor a hundred dirhems in ready money. (K.) A2: سَحَلَ الثَّوْبَ, (K,) aor. and inf. n. as above, (TA,) He wove the garment, or piece of cloth, of spun thread not formed of two twists: (K:) or he wove it without having twisted its warp [i. e. without having made its warp to consist of threads of two twists]. (TA.) b2: and سَحَلْتُ الحَبْلَ I formed the rope of a single twist; (S, TA;) and accord. to some, one says also ↓ أَسْحَلْتُهُ, but the former is the chaste expression. (TA.) [Hence,] سُحِلَتْ مَرِيرَةُ فُلَانٍ is said of one whose strength has become weakened; meaning (tropical:) His well-twisted rope, or rope of two twists, has become a rope of a single twist. (TA.) b3: سَحَلَ القِرَآءَةَ, inf. n. سَحْلٌ, He performed the reading, or recitation, in consecutive portions, continuously: and some relate it with ج [i. e.

سَجَلَ]: سَحْلٌ is syn. with سَرْدٌ, signifying the making [a thing] to be consecutive in its parts, or portions. (TA.) b4: بَاتَتِ السَّمَآءُ تَسْحَلُ لَيْلَتَهَا (tropical:) The sky continued pouring forth water that night: (As, S, TA:) inf. n. as above. (TA.) b5: And سَحَلَتِ العَيْنُ, (K,) aor. as above, (TA,) inf. n. سَحْلٌ and سُحُولٌ, (tropical:) The eye wept; (K;) poured forth tears. (TA.) A3: سَحَلَ, aor. ـِ (S, K) and سَحَلَ, (K,) inf. n. سَحِيلٌ and سُحَالٌ, (S, * K, [the latter inf. n. erroneously written in the CK سِحال,]) He (an ass) made a rolling sound in his chest; whence the ass of the desert is called ↓ مِسْحَلٌ: (S: [see also سَحِيلٌ below:]) he (a mule, K, and an ass, TA) brayed. (K, TA.) 3 ساحلوا, (S, K,) inf. n. مُسَاحَلَةٌ, (TA,) (tropical:) They took, (S,) or came, (K,) to the سَاحِل [or shore, &c., of the sea]. (S, K, TA.) Hence, in a trad. respecting Bedr, فَسَاحَلَ بِالْعِيرِ And he brought the caravan to the سَاحِل of the sea. (TA.) A2: هُوَ يُسَاحِلُهُ, inf. n. سَحَالٌ and مُسَاحَلَةٌ, He contends, disputes, or litigates, with him. (TA.) 4 اشحل فُلَانًا (assumed tropical:) He found the people reviling such a one, (K, TA,) and blaming him, and speaking evil of him behind his back, or in his absence, or otherwise. (TA.) A2: See also 1, in the latter half of the paragraph.7 انسحل It became pared, or peeled; or had its outer covering or integument, or its superficial part, stripped off, scraped off, rubbed off, abraded, or otherwise removed: or it became pared, peeled, or stripped, off. (K.) It is said, in this sense, of the surface of the earth [as meaning (assumed tropical:) It was stripped of what was upon it by the wind: see 1, third sentence]. (TA.) b2: انسحلت الدَّرَاهِمُ The pieces of money became smooth. (S.) A2: It poured out, or forth; or became poured out, or forth. (TA.) b2: انسحلت النَّاقَةُ (assumed tropical:) The she-camel was, or became, quick, or swift, in her going, or pace. (As, TA.) b3: انسحل بِالكَلَامِ (tropical:) He (an orator, S, TA) ran on with speck: (S, K, TA:) or was fluent, and diffuse, or without pause, or hesitation, therein. (TA.) سَحْلٌ A white garment or piece of cloth: (Msb:) or a white, thin garment or piece of cloth: (TA:) or a white garment or piece o cloth, of cotton, (S, K,) of those of El-Yemen: (S:) pl [of mult.] سُحُولٌ and سُحُلٌ (S, Msb, K) and [of pauc.] أَسْحَالٌ. (K. [See also ثِيَابٌ سَحُولِيَّةٌ, below.]) b2: And A garment, or piece of cloth, of which the spun thread is not composed of two twists; as also ↓ سَحِيلٌ: (K:) or, as some say, the latter is not applied to a garment, or piece of cloth; but to thread, in a sense expl. below: (TA:) or, accord. to Aboo-Nasr, it (the latter) is applied also to a garment, or piece of cloth, of which the spun thread is a single yarn: the مُبْرَم is that of which the spun thread is twisted of two yarns: and the مِتْآم is that of which the warp and the woof are each of two yarns. (S, TA.) b3: Also, (K,) or ↓ سَحِيلٌ, (S,) or both, (TA,) A rope that is of a single strand; (K, TA;) or the latter, a rope that is twisted of one twist, like as the tailor twists his thread: the مُبْرَم is that which is composed of two twists twisted together into one: (Aboo-Nasr, S, TA:) such a rope is also termed ↓ مَسْحُولٌ; but not ↓ مُسْحَلٌ, for the sake of [analogy to] مُبْرَمٌ; (S, TA;) or the latter epithet is sometimes applied to it: (S, TA: [see also مِسْحَلٌ:]) ↓ سَحِيلٌ likewise signifies thread not twisted; (Aboo-Nasr, S, TA;) or spun thread not composed of two twists. (TA.) A2: Also Ready money: (S, TA:) an inf. n. used as a subst. [properly so termed]. (TA.) سُحَالٌ: see سَحِيلٌ.

سِحَالٌ: see مِسْحَلٌ.

سَحُولٌ One who beats and washes and whitens clothes: hence, accord. to some, ثِيَابٌ سَحُوِليَّةٌ [q. v.]. (TA.) سَحِيلٌ: see سَحْلٌ, in three places.

A2: Also, and ↓ سُحَالٌ, [both mentioned above as inf. ns., (see 1, last sentence,)] The rolling sound in the chest of the ass: (S, K:) or the former, [and probably the latter also,] the most vehement braying of the wild ass. (TA.) سُحَالَةٌ Filings of gold and of silver (S, K) and the like, (S,) or of anything. (TA.) b2: The husks of wheat and of barley and the like (K, TA) when stripped off therefrom, and so of other grains, as rice and [the species of millet called]

دُخْن: accord. to Az, the particles that fall off of rice and of millet (ذُرَة) in the process of bruising, or braying, or pounding, like bran. (TA.) b3: And [hence,] (tropical:) The refuse, or lowest or basest or meanest sort, of a people or party of men. (IaAr, K, TA.) ثِيَابٌ سَحُولِيَّةٌ Certain garments, or pieces of cloth, (S, Mgh, Msb, K, TA,) of cotton, (S, TA,) white, (Mgh, TA,) so called in relation to سَحُولٌ, (S, Mgh, Msb,) a place, (S, K,) or town, (Mgh, Msb,) of El-Yemen, (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) where they are woven, (K,) or whence they are brought: (Msb:) some say سُحُولِيَّةٌ, with damm; (Mgh, Msb, TA;) so say Az and El-Kutabee; (Mgh;) a rel. n. from سُحُولٌ, pl. of سَحْلٌ, (Mgh, Msb, * TA,) meaning “ a white garment or piece of cloth (Mgh, TA) of cotton; ” (TA;) but this is [said to be] a mistake; (Msb;) or it is allowable because فُعُولٌ sometimes occurs as the measure of a sing., to which this pl. is likened; as is said in the O: (TA:) or the former appellation is applied, as some say, to garments, or pieces of cloth, beaten and washed and whitened; so called in relation to سَحُولٌ meaning “ one who beats and washes and whitens clothes. ” (TA.) سَاحِلٌ (tropical:) A shore of a sea or great river (S, Msb, K, TA) [and] of a river (نَهْر) like جُدٌّ; (Mgh in art. جد;) [generally, a sea-shore, seacoast, or seaboard;] and a tract of cultivated land, with towns or villages, adjacent to a sea or great river: (K:) a reversed word, (IDrd, S, K,) by rule مَسْحُولٌ, (IDrd, K,) of the measure فَاعِلٌ in the sense of the measure مَفْعُولٌ, (TA,) because the water abrades it, (IDrd, S, K, TA,) or comes upon it: (TA:) or [it is a possessive epithet, like لَابِنٌ and تَامِرٌ,] meaning having abrading water (ذُو سَاحِلٍ مِنَ المَآءِ) when the tide flows and ebbs and so sweeps away what is upon it. (K.) and The side (سِيف) of a valley. (K. in art. سيف.) Pl. سَوَاحِلُ. (Msb.) إِسْحِلٌ A kind of trees, (AHn, S, K,) resembling the [species of tamarisk called] أَثْل, and growing in the places where the [trees called] أَرَاك grow, in plain, or soft, tracts: (AHn, TA:) its twigs are used for cleaning the teeth: (AHn, K * TA:) and Imra-el-Keys likens the fingers of a woman to tooth-sticks (مَسَاوِيك) thereof. (S, TA. [See EM p. 30.]) It is [said to be] a word that has no parallel in form except إِذْخِرٌ and إِــجْرِدٌ and إِبْلِمٌ and إِثْمِدٌ. (TA.) أَسَاحِلُ [a pl. of which the sing. is not mentioned] Water-courses, or places in which water flows. (Ibn-'Abbád, K.) مُسْحَلٌ: see سَحْلٌ.

مِسْحَلٌ An implement for cutting, hewing, or paring, (Lth, K, TA,) of wood. (Lth, TA.) b2: A file. (S, K.) b3: [Hence,] (assumed tropical:) The tongue, in an absolute sense: (K, TA:) [see مِبْرَدٌ: or as being an instrument of reviling,] from سَحَلَ “ he reviled. ” (TA.) J explains المِسْحَلُ as meaning اللِّسَانُ الخَطِيبُ, (K, TA,) and MF defends this as meaning The tongue that speaks well: (TA:) [and it is said in the Ham p. 683 to signify اللِّسَانُ الَّذِى لَا يَتَأَتَّى لِلْكَلَامِ, app. meaning the tongue that does not prepare itself for speech; i. e, the ready tongue:] but [F says that] the right reading is اللِّسَانُ وَالخَطِيبُ (K) [i. e.] b4: مِسْحَلٌ also signifies i. q. خَطِيبٌ (assumed tropical:) [A speaker, an orator, or a preacher; or a good speaker &c.]: and and eloquent خَطِيب; (K, TA;) one who scarcely, or never, stops short in his speech; excelling such as is termed مِصْقَعٌ. (TA.) b5: (assumed tropical:) One who is skilled in the reading, or reciting, of the Kur-án: (K:) from سَحْلٌ meaning the “ making ” [a thing] “ to be consecutive in its parts, or portions; ” and the “ pouring forth ”

[water &c.]. (TA.) b6: A copious rain: (K:) from سَحْلٌ meaning the act of “ pouring forth. ” (TA.) b7: A water-spout (مِيزَاب) of which the water is not to be withstood [so I render لَا يُطَاقُ مَاؤُهُ, app. meaning, that pours forth its water with such violence that no obstruction will resist it]. (O, K.) b8: The mouth of a مَزَادَة [or leathern water-bag]. (O, K.) b9: A brisk, lively, sprightly, or active, waterer, or cup-bearer. (O, K.) b10: Extreme (نِهَايَةٌ) in bounty, or munificence. (O, K.) b11: A courageous man, who acts, (يَعْمَلُ, so in the M and K, TA,) or charges, or makes an assault or attack, (يَحْمِلُ, so in the O, TA,) alone, or by himself. (M, O, K.) b12: The flogger who inflicts the castigations appointed by the law (O, K) before, or in the presence of, the Sultán. (O.) A2: I. q. لِجَامٌ [as meaning The bridle, or headstall and reins with the bit and other appertenances]; as also ↓ سِحَالٌ; (K;) like as you say مِنْطَقٌ and نِطَاقٌ, and مِئْزَرٌ and إِزَارٌ: (TA:) or its فَأْس; (K;) which is the piece of iron that stands up in the mouth [from the middle of the bit-mouth]; as IDrd says in the “ Book of the Saddle and Bridle: ” (TA:) and two rings, (K, TA,) one of which is inserted into the other, (TA,) at the two extremities of the شَكِيم of the bridle, (K, TA,) which is [generally applied to the bit-mouth, but is here said by SM to be] the piece of iron that is beneath the lower lip: or, accord. to IDrd, the مِسْحَل of the bridle is a piece of iron which is beneath the lower jaw; and the فَأْس is the piece of iron that stands up in the شَكِيمَة; and the شَكِيمَة is the piece of iron that lies crosswise in the mouth: and the pl. is مَسَاحِلُ: (TA:) or the مِسْحَلَانِ are two rings at the two extremities of the شَكِيم [or bit-mouth] of the bridle, one of which is inserted into the other [so that they occupy the place of our curb-chain]: (S:) they are [also said to be] the خَدَّانِ [lit. two cheeks] of the bridle: (TA:) the مِسْحَل is beneath the part in which is the bridle, and upon it flow the foam and blood of the horse. (Az, TA voce قَيْقَبٌ. [See also لِجَامٌ and فَأْسٌ.]) One says of a horse when exerting himself, and being quick, in his going, and thrusting forward therein his head, رَكِبَ مِسْحَلَهُ [He bore upon his bridle, &c.]. (O, TA.) And hence, (TA,) this phrase means [also] (assumed tropical:) He (a man, TA) followed his error, not desisting from it: (K, TA:) مِسْحَلٌ signifying (assumed tropical:) error: (K:) and [in like manner] طَعَنَ فِى

مِسْحَلِ ضَلَالَتِهِ means (assumed tropical:) He hastened, and strove in his error. (TA.) Also, the former of these two phrases, (assumed tropical:) He resolved, or determined, upon the [or his] affair, and strove, or exerted himself therein: (O, TA:) [for] مِسْحَلٌ signifies also (assumed tropical:) decisive resolution or determination. (O, K, TA.) And (assumed tropical:) He went on with energy in his discourse, sermon, speech, oration, or harangue: (S, TA:) and so in his poetry. (A, TA.) b2: Also, [from the same word as meaning the “ bridle,” or “ headstall &c.,”] (tropical:) The side of the beard: [like as it is called عِذَار because it is in the place corresponding to that of the عِذَار of a horse or the like: (جانِبِ in the CK is a mistake for جَانِبُ:)] or the lower part of each عِذَار [or side of the beard], to the fore part of the beard; both together being called مِسْحَلَانِ: (K, TA: [اَسْفَلَ in the CK is a mistake for أَسْفَلُ:]) or the place of the عِذَار: (Az, TA:) or the temple; مِسْحَلَانِ meaning the two temples: (TA:) and (K) the عَارِض [or side of the cheek] of a man. (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K.) One says, شَابَ مِسْحَلُهُ, meaning (tropical:) The side of his beard became white, or hoary. (TA.) A3: A clean (O, K, TA) thin (TA) garment, or piece of cloth, of cotton. (O, K, TA. [See also سَحْلٌ.]) b2: A rope, (K,) or string, or thread, (M, TA,) that is twisted alone: (K:) if with another, [i. e. with another strand,] it is termed مُبْرَمٌ, and مُغَارٌ. (TA. [See, again, سَحْلٌ.]) b3: A sieve. (O, K.) A4: The wild ass: (S, TA:) [because of his braying:] see 1, last sentence: an epithet in which the quality of a subst. predominates. (TA.) b2: A brisk, lively, sprightly, or active, ass. (O.) b3: A low, vile, mean, or sordid, man. (O, TA.) b4: A devil. (O, TA.) b5: The name of The تَابِعَة (S, O) or [familiar] jinnee or genie (K) of [the poet] El-Aashà. (S, O, K. [In the K it is implied that it is with the article ال: but accord. to the S and O and TA, it is without ال.]) مُسَحَّلَةٌ A ball of spun thread. (AA, TA.) مَسْحُولٌ [Pared, peeled, &c.: see 1. b2: and hence, because abraded by the feet of men and beasts,] A road. (TA in art. رفغ.) b3: And An even, wide place. (O, K.) A2: See also سَحْلٌ.

A3: As an epithet applied to a man, Small and contemptible. (O, K.) b2: And the name of A camel belonging to [the poet] El-' Ajjáj. (O, K.)

شرف

1 شَرُفَ, (S, O, Msb, K,) aor. ـُ (K,) inf. n. شَرَفٌ (S, * O, * Msb, * K, TA) and شَرَافَةٌ, (TA,) said of a man, (S, O, TA,) He was, or became, high, elevated, exalted, or eminent, (S, O, Msb, K, TA,) [in rank, condition, or estimation,] in respect of religion or of worldly things: (K, TA:) [generally meaning he was high-born, or noble:] part. n. شَرِيفٌ [q. v.]. (S, O, Msb, K, TA.) [See also شَرَفٌ, below.] b2: [Hence one says,] شَرُفَتْ نَفْسُهُ عَنِ الشَّىْءِ His soul was above the thing; disdained, or scorned, it. (L in art. انف.) b3: شَرَفَتِ النَّاقَةُ, and شَرُفَت, (O, K,) aor. of each ـُ inf. n. شُرُوفٌ, (K,) reg. as of the former verb, and irreg. as of the latter, (TA,) The she-camel was, or became, such as is termed شَارِفٌ [q. v.]. (O, K.) A2: شَرَفَهُ, aor. ـُ (IJ, S, O, K, TA,) inf. n. شَرْفٌ, (TA,) He overcame him, or surpassed him, in شَرَف [i. e. highness, elevation, or eminence, of rank, condition, or estimation; or nobility]; (IJ, S, O, K, TA;) and so شَرُفَ عَلَيْهِ: (Z, TA:) or he excelled him (طَالَهُ, K, TA, in the CK [erroneously] طاوَلَهُ,) in the grounds of pretension to respect or honour (فِى الحَسَبِ). (K, TA.) See 3. b2: شَرَفَ الحَائِطَ, (K, TA,) aor. ـُ inf. n. شَرْفٌ, (TA,) He put to the wall a شُرْفَة [q. v.]. (K, TA.) [See also 2.]

A3: شَرِفَتِ الأُذُنُ, and شَرِفَ المَنْكِبُ, aor. ـَ (K, TA,) inf. n. شَرَفٌ, (TA,) The ear, and in like manner the shoulder, was, or became, high, (K, TA,) and prominent: or, as some say, stood up. (TA.) A4: And شَرِفَ, [from شَرَفٌ signifying the “ hump ” of a camel,] (O, K,) said of a man, (O,) He kept constantly, or continually, to the eating of the [camel's] hump. (O, K.) 2 شرّفهُ, inf. n. تَشْرِيفٌ, He (God) rendered him high, elevated, exalted, or eminent, [in rank, condition, or estimation; or ennobled him:] (S, KL, * PS: *) and he held him, or esteemed him, to be so. (MA, PS.) ISd thinks that the verb may also mean He regarded with more, or exceeding, honour. (TA.) [And Golius explains it as meaning He decked with a royal garment; on the authority of the KL; in my copy of which I find no other meaning assigned to it than the first mentioned above.] One says, شَرَّفَ اللّٰهُ الكَعْبَةَ, (O, K, TA,) inf. n. as above, (TA,) [God rendered, or may God render, the Kaabeh an object of honour, or glorious,] from الشَّرَفُ, (O, K, TA,) i. e. المَجْدُ. (TA.) [تَشْرِيفٌ is also used as a subst. properly so called; and as such is expl. by itself in this art.] b2: Also He put to it شُرَف [pl. of شُرْفَةٌ, q. v.]; (O, K;) namely, his house, (K,) or a [palace, or pavilion, or other building such as is called] قَصْر, &c.; inf. n. as above. (O.) [See also شَرَفَ الحَائِطَ.] b3: شرّف المَرْبَأَ, expl. in the K as syn. with اشرفهُ and شارفهُ, is a mistake for تشرّفهُ [q. v.]. (TA.) b4: شرّف النَّاقَةَ, inf. n. as above, means He almost severed the teats of the she-camel by binding them [tightly] with the صِرَار [q. v.]: (IAar, O, TA:) this being done for the preservation of her [stoutness of] body, and her fatness, so that burdens may be put upon her in the coming year. (TA.) b5: [شرّف, app. for شرّف العُنُقَ, is also said by Reiske, as mentioned by Freytag in his Lexicon, to signify He (a camel going along) raised the neck: but his authority for this is not stated.]3 شارفهُ, (S, O, K,) inf. n. مُشَارَفَةٌ, (TA,) He vied with him, or contended with him for superiority, in شَرَف [i. e. highness, elevation, or eminence, of rank, condition, or estimation; or nobility]; (S, O, K, TA;) ↓ فَشَرَفَهُ and he overcame, or surpassed, him therein. (TA.) b2: See also 5. b3: Also He was, or became, near to it; he drew near to it, or approached it; namely, a thing: and he was, or became, near to attaining it, [and in like manner شارف عَلَيْهِ, as used in the S and K in the beginning of art. بلغ, he was, or became, at the point of reaching it, or attaining it, namely, a place,] or of obtaining it, or getting possession of it: [and he was, or became, at the point of experiencing it, (See Bd in lxxviii. 14,) and doing it; followed by أَنْ and an aor. :] and, as some say, he looked for it, or expected it; his mind told him of it; he looked for its coming to pass. (TA.) See also 4, in two places.4 اشرف It rose; or it was, or became, high or elevated; [so as to overtop, or overlook, what was around it or adjacent to it: overtopped, surmounted, overpeered, overlooked, overhung; was, or became, protuberant, prominent, or projecting: and rose into view, came within sight or view, or became within a commanding, or near, view:] said of a place [&c.]. (Msb.) One says of a piece of ground, أَشْرَفَ عَلَى مَا حَوْلَهُ [It rose above, or overtopped, what was around it]. (Sh, TA.) And أَشْرَفَ لِى شَرَفٌ فَمَا زِلْتُ أَرْكُضُ حَتَّى

عَلَوْتُهُ [An eminence rose into view to me, and I ceased not to urge on my beast until I ascended, or mounted, upon it]. (TA.) b2: [Hence,] أَشْرَفْتُ عَلَيْهِ I looked upon it, or viewed it, (S, O, Msb, K, *) from above; (S, O, K;) [I overlooked it, or looked down upon it: and I came in sight of it: got a view of it: and got knowledge of it; became acquainted with it; or knew it: all of which meanings may be intended to be conveyed by the explanation in the Msb, which is اِطَّلَعْتُ عَلَيْهِ:] and الشَّىْءَ ↓ شَارَفْتُ signifies the same as أَشْرَفْتُ عَلَيْهِ [app. in the first of the senses expl. in this sentence, as well as in another sense expl. in what follows]: (S, O:) and ↓ شَارَفُوهُمْ signifies the same as أَشْرَفُوا عَلَيْهِمْ. (TA.) b3: And اشرف عَلَى المَوْتِ He (a sick man) was, or became, on the brink, or verge, or at the point, of death. (O, K.) and اشرف بِهِ عَلَى المَوْتِ [He made him to be on the brink, or verge, or at the point, of death]. (T and K in art. ذرف.) b4: And أَشْرَفَتْ نَفْسُهُ عَلَى شَىْءٍ

His soul was vehemently eager for a thing. (Mgh. [See also 10.]) إِشْرَافٌ signifies The being eager, and the being vehemently eager: and hence the saying, in a trad., مَنْ أَخَذَ الدُّنْيَا بِإِشْرَافِ نَفْسٍ

لَمْ يُبَارَكْ لَهُ فِيهَا [Whoso takes the enjoyments of the present world with eagerness, or vehement eagerness, of soul, he will not be blessed therein]. (TA.) b5: And اشرف عَلَيْهِ He regarded him with solicitous affection or pity or compassion. (O, * K.) b6: [And اشرف لِى He, or it, came within sight, or view, to me; or came within a commanding, or near, view of me: see an ex. voce أَجْهَدَ; and another voce رَبَأَ.] b7: And [hence,] اشرف لَكَ الشَّىْءُ The thing became, or has become, within thy power or reach; or possible, practicable, or easy, to thee. (TA.) A2: See also 5, in two places.5 تشرّف, said of a man, is from الشَّرَفُ, (O,) and signifies صَارَ مُشَرَّفًا [He became elevated, or exalted, in rank, condition, or estimation; or ennobled]. (K.) b2: تشرّف بِهِ He became elevated, or exalted, in rank, condition, or estimation; or ennobled; by, or by means of, him, or it: (MA:) [or he gloried, or prided himself, by reason of it, or in it; i. e.] he reckoned it, (S,) or regarded it, (O,) as a glory or an honour [to himself], (S, O,) and a favour. (O.) A2: تشرّف المَرْبَأَ, (S, O, TA,) in the K, erroneously, شَرَّفَهُ; (TA;) and ↓ اشرفهُ; (S, O, K;) and ↓ شارفهُ, (K,) inf. n. مُشَارَفَةٌ; (TA;) He (a man, S, O) ascended, or mounted, upon the elevated place of observation. (S, O, K.) And الشَّىْءَ ↓ اشرف and عَلَى الشَّىْءِ signify the same as [تشرّفهُ and] تشرّف عَلَيْهِ, i. e. He ascended, or mounted, upon the thing. (TA.) b2: It is said in a trad., with reference to certain future trials, or conflicts and factions, (فِتَن,) مَنْ

↓ تَشَرَّفَ لَهَا تَسْتَشْرِفْهُ i. e. Whoso finds a place of refuge [for escaping, or avoiding them, let them invite him, or cause him, to seek, or take, refuge, virtually meaning] let him seek, or take, refuge therein. (O, TA. *) A3: تُشُرِّفَ القَوْمُ The people, or party, had their أَشْرَاف [or eminent, or noble, men, pl. of شَرِيف,] slain. (O, K.) 8 اشترف He, or it, stood up, or upright, or erect; (S, O, TA;) and (TA) so ↓ استشرف [if this be not a mistranscription, which I incline to think it may be as the former verb (of which see the part. n. below) is not mentioned in the K]. (K, TA.) 10 استشرف الشَّىْءَ, (S, O, Msb, K,) and لِلشَّىْءِ, (Msb in art. طمح,) He raised his eyes (S, O, Msb, K) towards the thing, (O, K,) or to look at the thing, (Msb,) or looking at the thing, (S,) and expanded his hand over his eyebrow like as does he who shades [his eyes] from the sun. (S, O, K.) A poet says, تَطَالَلْتُ وَاسْتَشْرَفْتُهُ فَرَأَيْتُهُ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ آأَنْتَ زَيْدُ الأَرَامِلِ [I stretched up myself, and raised my eyes towards him, expanding my hand over my eyebrow like him who is shading his eyes from the sun; and I said to him, Art thou Zeyd-el-Arámil?]. (O.) b2: Hence, (TA,) أُمِرْنَا أَنْ نَسْتَشْرِفَ العَيْنَ وَالأُذُنَ, (Mgh, * O, K, TA,) in a trad. (O, TA) relating to the sheep or goat to be slaughtered as a victim on the day of sacrifice, (TA,) means We have been commanded to pay much attention to the eye and the ear, and to examine them carefully, in order that there may not be any such defect as blindness of one eye or mutilation (Mgh, * O, K, TA) of an ear: (TA:) or, (Mgh, O,) as some say, (O,) [in the K “ that is,”] to seek that they be of high estimation, by being perfect (Mgh, * O, K) and sound: (Mgh, O:) or, accord. to some, it is from الشُّرْفَةُ signifying “ the choice ones,” or “ best,” of cattle; and the meaning is, we have been commanded to select them. (TA.) b3: And يَسْتَشْرِفُ مَعَالِىَ الأُمُورِ (tropical:) He desires, or seeks, [or raises his eye to,] the means of attaining eminence. (Msb in art. شوف.) b4: استشرف إِبِلَهُمْ means He (a man) smote their camels with the [evil] eye; syn. تَعَيَّنَهَا: (S, TA:) or he looked at them (تعيّنها) to smite them with the [evil] eye. (TA.) b5: استشرفهُ حَقَّهُ He defrauded him of his right, or due. (O, K.) A2: See also 5: A3: and 8.

Q. Q. 1 شَرْيَفْتُ الزَّرْعَ I cut off the شِرْيَاف [q. v.] of the seed-produce; (S, O;) and so شَرْنَفْتُهُ: (O and K * in art. شرنف:) of the dial. of El-Yemen: but Az doubts whether the word be with ن; and the ى and ن are both held by him to be augmentative. (O.) شَرْفٌ: see the next paragraph, near the end.

شَرَفٌ Highness, elevation, exaltation, or eminence, [in rank, condition, or estimation, in respect of religion or of worldly things: (see the first sentence of this art.:)] (S, O, Msb, K:) [generally meaning high birth:] glory, honour, dignity, or nobility; syn. مَجْدٌ: or not unless [transmitted] by ancestors: (K:) [for] accord. to ISk, شَرَفٌ and مَجْدٌ may not be unless [transmitted] by ancestors; but حَسَبٌ and كَرَمٌ may be in a man though he have not ancestors [endowed therewith]: (O:) or, (K,) accord. to IDrd, (O,) it signifies highness of حَسَب [which means grounds of pretension to respect or honour, consisting in any qualities (either of oneself or of one's ancestors) which are enumerated, or recounted, as causes of glorying]: (O, K:) and ↓ شُرْفَةٌ signifies the same as شَرَفٌ; (TA;) or the same as فَضْلٌ and شَرَفٌ [meaning a favour and a glory or an honour]; as in the saying, أَعُدُّ إِتْيَانَكُمٌ شُرْفَةً [I reckon your coming a favour, and a glory or an honour]; (O, K;) and أَرَى ذٰلِكَ شُرْفَةً [I regard that as a favour, and a glory or an honour]: (O:) the pl. of شَرَفٌ is أَشْرَافٌ, like as that of سَبَبٌ is أَسْبَابٌ. (TA.) نُهْبَةٌ ذَاتُ شَرَفٍ means Spoil, or booty, of high value, at which men raise their eyes, and look, or which they smite with the [evil] eye: [see اِسْتَشْرَفَ إِبِلَهُمْ:] but the phrase is also related with س. (TA. See سَرَفٌ.) b2: See also شَرِيفٌ, with which, or with the pls. of which, it is said to be syn. b3: Also An elevated place; an eminence: (S, Mgh, O, K:) accord. to Sh, any piece of ground that overtops what is around it, whether extended or not, only about ten cubits, or five, in length, of little or much breadth in its upper surface: (TA:) pl. أَشْرَافٌ: (TA voce وَطْءٌ:) and مَشَارِفُ الأَرْضِ signifies the high, or elevated, places, or parts, of the earth or ground: (S, Msb, K:) sing. ↓ مَشْرَفٌ, with fet-h to the م and ر. (Msb. [See also مُشْرَفٌ.]) A poet says, آتِى النَّدِىَّ فَلَا يُقَرَّبُ مَجْلِسِى

وَأَقُودُ لِلشَّرَفِ الرَّفِيعِ حِمَارِى

[I come to the assembly, and my sitting-place is not made near to the chief person or persons, and I lead to the high elevated place my ass]: he means, I have become unsound in my intellect in consequence of old age, so that no profit is gotten from my opinion, and I am not able to mount my ass from the ground, unless from a high place. (S.) b4: [Hence, (tropical:) The brink, verge, or point, of some event of great magnitude, or of any importance: not well expl. as meaning] the being on the brink, or verge, or at the point, of some event of great importance, good or evil: (O, K:) one says in the case of good, هُوَ عَلَى شَرَفٍ مِنْ قَضَآءِ حَاجَتِهِ (tropical:) [He is at the point of accomplishing the object of his want]: and in the case of evil, هُوَ عَلَى شَرَفٍ مِنَ الهَلَاكِ (tropical:) [He is on the brink, &c., of destruction]. (O, TA.) b5: And (tropical:) The hump of a camel. (O, K, TA.) b6: And app. sing. of أَشْرَافٌ in a sense expl. below: see the latter word. (TA.) A2: And A heat; a single run, or a run at once, to a goal, or limit: (O, K:) or, (K,) accord. to Fr, about a mile: (O, K:) or about two miles. (TA as from the K and on the authority of Fr.) One says, عَدَا شَرَفًا أَوْ شَرَفَيْنِ [He ran a heat, or two heats]: (O:) and [in like manner,] اِسْتَنَّتٌ شَرَفًا أَوْ شَرَفَيْنِ, (O, K,) occurring in a trad., said of a mare, or of horses. (O.) A3: Also, (O, TA,) accord. to IAar, (O,) A red clay or earth: and i. q. مَغْرَةٌ [i. e. red ochre]; as also ↓ شَرْفٌ: accord. to Lth, a kind of trees, having a red dye: and said to be the same as [the Pers\.] دار پرنيان [i. e.

دَارْ پَرْنِيَان, meaning Brazil-wood, which is commonly called in Arabic بَقَّم]. (O, TA: * in the former of which, the Pers\. word here mentioned is written without the points to the پ; and in the latter, الدابرنيان.) شُرْفَةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph, first quarter. b2: Also The choice ones, or best, of مَال [meaning cattle]. (S, O, K.) b3: The شُرْفَة of a [palace, or pavilion, or other building such as is called] قَصْر (S, O, Msb, K) [and of a mosque] is well-known; (K;) [An acroterial ornament, forming a single member of a cresting of a wall or of the crown of a cornice, generally of a fanciful form, and pointed, or small, at the top:] pl. شُرَفٌ, (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K, TA,) a pl. of mult., and شُرُفَاتٌ and شُرَفَاتٌ and شُرْفَاتٌ, which are pls. of pauc., or, as some say, شرفات [i. e.

شُرُفَاتٌ] is pl. of ↓ شُرُفَةٌ, with two dammehs: EshShiháb says that شُرْفَات is expl. as meaning the highest portions of a قَصْر; but what are thus termed are only what are built on the top of a wall, distinct from one another, [side by side, like merlons of a parapet,] according to a well-known form: (TA:) the شُرْفَة is what is called by the [common] people ↓ شُرَّافَة: (Ham p. 824:) the شُرَّافَة of a mosque is a word used by the lawyers, and is one of their mistakes, as IB has notified: so says MF: its pl. is شَرَارِيفُ. (TA.) b4: The شُرُفَات (thus with two dammehs, K) of a horse are The neck and قَطَاة [i. e. croup, or rump, or part between the hips or haunches,] thereof. (O, K.) شُرُفَةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

شَرِيفٌ High, elevated, exalted, or eminent, (S, O, * Msb, K, TA,) [in rank, condition, or estimation,] in respect of religion or of worldly things: (TA:) [generally meaning high-born, or noble:] possessing glory, honour, dignity, or nobility: or such, and having also [such] ancestry: (TA:) [using it as not implying highness, or nobility, of ancestry,] you say, هُوَ شَرِيفٌ اليَوْمَ [He is high, or noble, to-day], and عَنْ قَلِيلٍ ↓ شَارِفٌ as meaning one who will be شَرِيف [after a little while]: (Fr, S, K:) the pl. [of pauc.] is أَشْرَافٌ and [of mult.]

شُرَفَآءُ (S, O, Msb, K) and ↓ شَرَفٌ, so in the K, app. denoting that this last is one of the pls. of شريف, and it is said in the O that شَرَفٌ is syn. with شُرَفَآءُ; but in the L it is said that it is syn. with شَرِيفٌ; and hence the saying هُوَ شَرَفُ قَوْمِهِ meaning He is the شَرِيف of his people, and كَرَمُهُمْ meaning the كَرِيم of them; and thus it has been expl. as used in a trad.: (TA:) [but both these assertions are probably correct; for it seems to be, agreeably with analogy, an inf. n. used as an epithet, and therefore applicable to a single person and to a pl. number, and also to two persons, and likewise to a female as well as to a male.] b2: [By the modern Arabs, and the Turks and Persians, it is also applied, as a title of honour, to Any descendant of the Prophet; like سَيِّد. And, with the article ال, particularly to the descendant of the Prophet who is The governor of Mekkeh; now always a vassal of the Turkish Sultán.]

شُرَافِىٌّ, applied to a [lizard of the kind called]

ضَبّ, and to a jerboa, Large in the ears, and in the body: (TA:) and so شُرَافِيَّةٌ applied to a she-camel; (O, K, TA;) as also ↓ شَرْفَآءُ. (TA.) and أُذُنٌ شُرَافِيَّةٌ i. q. شُفَارِيَّةٌ [q. v.], (K, TA,) or An ear that is high, long, and having hair upon it. (IDrd, O, TA.) See also أُذُنٌ شَرْفَآءُ, voce أَشْرَفُ. b2: Also A kind of white garments or cloths: (O, K: *) or a garment, or piece of cloth, that is purchased from a country of the foreigners adjacent to the land of the Arabs. (As, O, K. *) شُرَّافَةٌ; pl. شَرَارِيفُ: see شُرْفَةٌ.

شِرْيَافٌ (S, O, K) and شِرْنَافٌ (O and K in art. شرنف) [but see Q. Q. 1] The leaves of seedproduce that have become so long and abundant that one fears its becoming marred; wherefore they are cut off. (S, O, K.) شَارِفٌ: see شَرِيفٌ. b2: Applied to a she-camel, (assumed tropical:) High [app. meaning much advanced] in age: (A, TA:) or advanced in age; (S, O, K;) decrepit; (IAar, K;) as also شَارِفَةٌ: (K:) [see دَلُوقٌ, in three places:] pl. شُرْفٌ, like بُزْلٌ and عُوذٌ pls. of بَازِلٌ and عَائِذٌ, (S, O,) or شُرُفٌ, like كُتُبٌ, (K,) or the latter is allowable in poetry, (O,) or the former is a contraction of the latter, (IAth, TA,) and شَوَارِفُ [also pl. of شَارِفَةٌ] (O, K) and شُرَّفٌ and شُرُوفٌ: (K:) it is said that شَارِفٌ is not applied to the he-camel; but it is so applied, as well as to the she-camel, accord. to the Towsheeh of El-Jelál. (TA.) Hence, as being likened to black decrepit she-camels, (Aboo-Bekr, TA,) الشُّرُفُ الجُونُ, with two dammehs, [which I think a mistake, unless it mean with a dammeh to each word,] (K,) or الشَّرْفُ الجُونُ, (O, IAth, TA,) occurring in a trad., meaning (assumed tropical:) [Trials, or conflicts and factions,] like portions of the dark night: (O, * K, * TA:) thus expl. by the Prophet: (O, TA:) but some relate it otherwise, with ق, (K,) saying الشُّرْقُ الجون, pl. of شَارِقٌ, (O, * TA,) meaning “ [trials, &c.,] rising (O, K, TA) from the direction of the east. ” (O, TA.) b3: Also applied to an arrow, as meaning Old: (S, O, K:) and applied to a garment or a piece of cloth [app. in the same sense]: (A and TA voce طَرِيدٌ:) or an arrow long since laid by [expl. by بَعِيدُ العَهْدِ بِالصِّيَابَةِ; but I think that the right reading is بعيد العهد لِالصِّيَانَةِ, and have assumed this to be the case in my rendering]: or of which the feathers and the sinews [wherewith they are bound] have become uncompact: or slender and long. (TA.) b4: دَنٌّ شَارِفٌ [A wine-jar] of which the wine is old. (TA.) b5: And شَارِفٌ [alone] A receptacle for wine, such as a خَابِيَة and the like thereof. (O, K.) الشَّارُوفُ A kind of cord or rope; syn. حَبْلٌ: [so in the O, and in one of my copies of the S: in my other copy of the S, and in the K, جَبَلٌ, i. e. the name of a certain mountain:] a postclassical word. (S, O.) b2: And شَارُوفٌ also signifies A broom: (S, O, K:) a Pers\. word, (S,) arabicized, from جَارُوبٌ, (O, K,) originally جَاىْ رُوبْ, which means “ a place-sweeper. ” (O.) أَشْرَفُ [More, and most, high, elevated, exalted, or eminent, in rank, condition, or estimation; &c.; generally meaning more, and most, high-born or noble; (see شَرِيفٌ;)] surpassing in شَرَف. (S, O.) b2: مَنْكِبٌ أَشْرَفُ A high shoulder; (S, O, K;) such as has a goodly rising; which implies what is termed إِهْدَآء [inf. n. of أَهْدَأَهُ, and here app. meaning the “ being curved in the back ”]. (TA.) And أُذُنٌ شَرْفَآءُ A long ear; (S, O, K;) standing up; rising above what is next to it: and so اذن ↓ شُرَافِيَّةٌ. (TA.) b3: See also شُرَافِىٌّ [أَشْرَفُ also signifies Having a prominent, or an apparent, ear: opposed to أَسَكُّ, q. v. b4: Hence,] الأَشْرَفُ is an appellation of The bat; (O, K, TA;) because its ears are prominent and apparent: it is bare of downy and other feathers, and is viviparous, not oviparous: so in the saying of Bishr Ibn-ElMoatemir, وَطَائِرٌ لَيْسَ لَهُ وَكْرُ وَطَائِرٌ أَشْرَفُ ذُو جُرْدَــةٍ

[And a flying thing that has prominent and apparent ears and a denuded body, and a flying thing that has no nest]: (O, TA:) in the K is added, and another bird, that has no nest, &c.: but this is taken from an explanation of the latter hemistich of the verse cited above; which explanation is as follows: (TA:) the bird that has no nest is one of which the Bahránees [so in the TA, but accord. to the O “ the sailors,”] tell that it does not alight save while it makes, of the dust, or earth, a place in which it lays its eggs, and which it covers over; then it flies into the air, and its eggs break open of themselves at the expiration of the term thereof; and when its young ones are able to fly, they do after the habit of their parents. (O, L, TA: and the same is said, less fully, in the K.) b5: مَدِينَةٌ شَرْفَآءُ A city having شُرَف, (Mgh, O, K, *) pl. of شُرْفَةٌ [q. v.]: (O:) the pl. of أَشْرَفُ and of شَرْفَآءُ, accord. to rule, is شُرْفٌ. (Mgh. [In the copies of the K, الشُّرُفُ is erroneously said to be pl. of الشَّرْفَآءُ.]) It is said in a trad. of Ibn-' Abbás, أُمِرْنَا أَنْ نَبْنِىَ المَدَائِنَ شُرْفًا وَالمَسَاجِدَ جُمًّا i. e. We have been commanded to build cities with شُرَف and mosques without شُرَف. (Mgh, O. *) أَشْرَافٌ The ears and nose of a man: (O, K, TA:) its sing. in this sense is not mentioned: it is app. ↓ شَرَفٌ; like سَبَبٌ, sing. of أَسْبَابٌ. (TA.) تَشْرِيفٌ inf. n. of 2 [q. v.]. (S &c.) b2: [and also a post-classical term applied to An honorary present, such as a garment &c.: and a letter, i. e. an epistle, considered as conferring honour: pl. تَشْرِيفَاتٌ.]

مَشْرَفٌ: see شَرَفٌ, in the middle of the paragraph: and see also what here next follows.

مُشْرَفٌ, (O, K,) like مُكْرَمٌ, (K,) or ↓ مَشْرَفٌ [q. v. voce شَرَفٌ], (so in my two copies of the S,) A place from which one overlooks, i. e. looks upon, or views, [a thing] from above. (S, O, K.) b2: Hence the saying in a trad., مَا جَآءَكَ مِنْ هٰذَا المَالِ وَأَنْتَ غَيْرُ مُشْرَفٍ وَلَا سَائِلٍ فَخْذْهُ (O, TA) i. e. [What comes to thee of this property] thou not coveting nor looking for it [nor asking it, take it]. (O.) مُشْرِفٌ [part. n. of 4;] High; (S, Mgh, Msb;) [or overtopping; &c.;] applied to a mountain, (S,) or a place. (Mgh, Msb.) سُيُوفٌ مَشْرَفِيَّةٌ Certain swords, (S, O, K,) so called in relation to مَشَارِفُ, (S,) or in relation to مَشَارِفُ الشَّامِ, (O, Msb, K,) i. e. certain towns, or villages, of the land of the Arabs, near to the رِيف [q. v.]: (S, O, Msb, K:) so says AO: (S, O:) or, as some say, this is a mistake, and they are so called in relation to a place of El-Yemen: (Msb:) [or, accord. to some, in relation to المَشَارِفُ, certain towns, or villages, near Howrán: (see De Sacy's Chrest. Ar., sec. ed., iii. 53:)] and it is said that مَشْرَف was the name of a blacksmith who made swords: (TA:) one says سَيْفٌ مَشْرَفِىٌّ, (S, O, Msb,) not مَشَارِفِىٌّ, because a rel. n. is not formed from a pl. of the measure of مَشَارِفُ. (S, O.) مُشَرَّفٌ [Elevated, or exalted, in rank, condition, or estimation; or ennobled]; (K, TA;) an epithet applied to a man; from الشَّرَفُ. (TA.) A2: Also A garment, or piece of cloth, dyed with the red clay or earth [&c.] called شَرَف. (IAar, TA.) مَشْرُوفٌ (S, TA) and مَشْرُوفٌ عَلَيْهِ (Z, TA) Overcome, or surpassed, in شَرَف [i. e. highness, elevation, or eminence, of rank, condition, or estimation; or nobility]. (S, Z, TA.) مُشْتَرِفٌ A horse high in make. (S, O, K.)

عدم

1 عَدِمَهُ, with kesr to the د, (S, MA, Msb, K, &c.,) aor. ـَ (S,) inf. n. عَدَمٌ, (S, MA, Msb, K,) which is anomalous [as the verb is trans.], (S,) and عُدْمٌ, (S, MA, K,) or the latter is a simple subst., (Msb,) He had it not, was destitute of it, was without it, lacked it, wanted it, found it not, or lost it; (S, * MA, Msb, * K; *) syn. فَقَدَهُ, (S, Msb, K; *) or لَمْ يَجِدْهُ; so says Ibn-El-Kemál in the Exposition of the Hidáyeh. (TA.) And عَدِمْتُ فُلَانًا [I wanted, or lost, such a one]. (TA.) And عُدِمَ, [inf. n. عَدَمٌ,] It lacked, wanted, was wanting, was not found, did not exist, or was lost; syn. فُقِدَ. (AHát, Msb.) [See also عَدَمٌ below.] b2: لَا يَعْدَمُنِى هٰذَا الأَمْرُ means مَا يَعْدُونِى [i. e. This thing, or affair, does not pass from me]. (S, K, TA. [In the CK, erroneously, ما يُعْدِمُنِى.]) A2: عَدِمَ as intrans.: see the next paragraph, last sentence.

A3: عَدُمَ, (K, TA,) inf. n. عَدَامَةٌ, (TA,) He was, or became, foolish, or stupid; (K, TA;) being destitute of intellect, or understanding. (TA.) 4 اعدمهُ is syn. with أَفْقَدَهُ [meaning He made him to lack, want, or lose, it, or him]: (AHát, Msb:) and has a second objective complement: one says, لَا أَعْدَمَنِى اللّٰهُ فَضْلَهُ [May God not make me to lack, want, or lose, his bounty]: (Msb:) or لَا أَعْدَمَنِى فَضْلَكَ May He (i. e. God) not make thy bounty to depart from me: and اعدمنى اللّٰهُ فُلَانًا [God made me to lack, want, or lose, such a one]. (TA.) b2: And He denied him, or refused him, (Az, MA, K, TA,) what he sought, (Az, TA,) or a thing. (MA.) b3: And He rendered him poor, needy, or destitute: (S, * K, * TA: [in the S, this meaning seems to be indicated by the context; but in the K, the context seems rather to indicate the first of the meanings expl. in this paragraph:]) in this sense, said of God. (S, K, TA) b4: أَعْدَمَنِى الشَّىْءُ means [app. The thing excited my want, or made me to want it; and hence, the thing was not found by me; or] I did not find the thing. (K.) b5: [and اعدمهُ signifies also He made it to have no existence; to be non-existent; or he annihilated it; or did away with it; agreeably with explanations of the inf. n. (إِعْدَامٌ) in the KL and PS &c., and with present usage.]

A2: اعدم as intrans., (Kr, S, Msb, K,) inf. n. إِعْدَامٌ and ↓ عُدْمٌ, (Kr, K, TA,) like إِيسَارٌ and يُسْرٌ as inf. ns. of أَيْسَرَ, and إِعْسَارٌ and عُسْرٌ as of أَعْسَرَ, and إِفْحَاشٌ and فُحْشٌ as of أَفْحَشَ, or rather the latter in every one of these instances is a simple subst., as ISd says, (TA,) signifies He (a man, S) was, or became, poor, needy, or destitute; (Kr, S, Msb, K;) as also ↓ عَدِمَ. (TA.) 7 انعدم in the phrase of the Muslim theologians وُجِدَ الشَّىْءُ فَانْعَدَمَ [meaning The thing existed, and became non-existent,] is a barbarism. (K, * TA.) عُدْمٌ: see the next paragraph.

عَدَمٌ and ↓ عُدْمٌ are inf. ns. of the trans. verb عَدِمَ, (S, M, K,) or the latter is a simple subst., (Msb,) and each signifies, as also ↓ عُدُمٌ, Lack, or want, as meaning non-possession; or loss; [of a thing, and of a quality, or faculty, &c.;] and by predominance of application, lack, &c., of property or wealth; (K, TA;) and departure thereof; and paucity thereof; (TA;) or poverty, neediness, or destitution. (S in explanation of the first and second; respecting the latter of which, see 4, last sentence.) [Also Non-performance of an act; and non-observance of a duty &c. and Lack, or want, as meaning non-existence; and absence; or the state of being lost.]

عَدِمٌ: see عَدِيمٌ.

عُدُمٌ: see عَدَمٌ.

أَرْضٌ عَدْمَآءُ Land such as is termed بَيْضَآءُ; (K, TA;) i. e., without, as though [meaning] lacking, plants, or herbage. (TA.) b2: And شَاةٌ عَدْمَآءُ A sheep, or goat, of which the head is white and the rest differing therefrom. (K.) عَدَامٌ: see عَدَائِمُ.

عَدِيمٌ Not having, being without, lacking, wanting, not finding, or having lost: one says, هُوَ عَدِيمُ النَّظِيرِ He is one not having, without, lacking, &c., the likes [or like]; and عَدِيمُ المَعْرُوفِ [destitute of goodness, gentleness, beneficence, &c.]: and هِىَ عَدِيمَةُ المَعْرُوفِ [She is destitute of goodness, &c.]. (TA.) b2: And Poor, needy, or destitute; (S, Msb, K;) as also ↓ عَدِمٌ, (K,) and ↓ مُعْدِمٌ, (S,) and ↓ مَعْدُومٌ, (Msb, TA,) which last occurs in a trad. as meaning the poor who has become, by reason of the pressure of his want, as though himself were not existing, or lost: عَدِيمٌ signifies having no property; as also ↓ مُعْدِمٌ: and having nothing: it is of the measure فَعِيلٌ in the sense of the measure فَاعِلٌ: and its pl. is عُدَمَآءُ; erroneously said in the K to be pl. of عَدِمٌ. (TA.) b3: Also Stupid; foolish; (K, TA;) destitute of intellect, or understanding. (TA.) And Insane; demented. (IAar, Az, K, * TA.) عَدَائِمُ, (K, and so in copies of the S) or ↓ عَدَامٌ, (so accord. to other copies of the S,) A sort of fresh ripe dates found in El-Medeeneh, (S, K,) that are late [in ripening], (K,) or that come the last of fresh ripe dates. (S.) مُعْدِمٌ: see عَدِيمٌ, in two places.

مَعْدُومٌ [Lacking, wanting, not found, not existing, or lost: see عُدِمَ, of which it is the part. n.]. b2: يَكْسِبُ المَعْدُومَ means He is fortunate, or possessed of good fortune; [properly,] he attains what others are denied. (K.) It is said in a trad., إِنَّكَ لَتَكْسِبُ المَعْدُومَ وَتُطْعِمُ المَأْدُومَ. (M and TA in art. ادم: expl. voce أَدِيمٌ.) b3: See also عَدِيمٌ.

ضحك

1 ضَحِكَ, (S, MA, O, Msb, K, &c.,) and some say ضِحِكْتُ, with kesr to the ض, (TA, as from the K, [but not in the CK nor in my MS. copy of the K,]) to agree with the vowel of the ح because the latter is a faucial letter, and this is a correct dial. var. of which similar instances are mentioned, and ضَحَكَ also is said to be a well known dial. var. of ضَحِكَ, (TA,) aor. ـَ (S. O,) inf. n. ضَحِكٌ and ضِحْكٌ (S, MA, O, Msb, K, KL) and ضَحْكٌ, (S, MA, O, K, KL,) the first of which is the superior form, (IDrd, O,) [the second and third being contractions thereof,] and ضِحِكٌ, (S, O, K, KL,) and if you said ضَحَكٌ it would be agreeable with analogy, (Az, TA,) He laughed; (MA, KL, PS, TK;) contr. of بَكَى: (TK:) [see also 6:] الضَّحِكُ is well known, as meaning the expanding of the face, and displaying of the teeth, by reason of happiness, joy, or gladness; and التَّبَسُّمُ is the beginning thereof: thus in the Towsheeh and other works: (MF, TA:) and in like manner in the Mufradát [of Er-Rághib]; in which it is added that it is also used as meaning simply the being happy, joyful, or glad: and sometimes as meaning simply the wondering [at a thing]; and this is the meaning intended by him who says that it is peculiar to man: (TA:) [i. e.] ضَحِكَ, said of a man, signifies also he wondered; syn. عَجِبَ; (O, K, TA;) with مِنْ preposed to the object of wonder: (TA:) or he was frightened; or he feared. (K, TA.) You say, ضَحِكَ مِنْهُ and بِهِ, both meaning the same, (S, O, Msb,) i. e. He laughed at him; derided him; or ridiculed him: or he wondered at him. (Msb.) And ضَحِكَ إِلَيْهِ [He behaved laughingly, or cheerfully, towards him]. (IDrd and K in art. بش [See بَشَّ لَهُ.]) b2: Said of an ape, He uttered a cry or cries: (K:) or one says of the ape when he utters a cry or cries, يَضْحَكُ, (S, TA,) meaning he displays his teeth, or grins. (TA.) b3: And ضَحِكَ السَّحَابُ (tropical:) The clouds lightened. (S, O, K, TA.) Hence the usage of the verb in a trad. cited voce تَحَدَّثَ. (O, TA.) b4: And ضَحِكَ الغَدِيرُ i. e. (tropical:) [The pool of water left by a torrent] glistened by reason of its fulness. (TA.) b5: [And ضَحِكَ ثَغْرُهُ (assumed tropical:) His front teeth, or his teeth, glistened by reason of his laughing; meaning he laughed so as to show his front teeth, or his teeth.] b6: And ضَحِكَ الزَّهْرُ (tropical:) The flowers [looked gay, or] were as though they were laughing. (TA.) And ضَحِكَتِ الأَرْضُ (tropical:) The earth, or land, put forth its plants, or herbage, and its flowers. (TA.) And ضَحِكَتِ الرِّيَاضُ عَنِ الأَزْهَارِ (tropical:) The meadows, or gardens, displayed the flowers. (TA.) b7: And ضَحِكَتِ النَّخْلَةُ (tropical:) The palm-tree put forth [or disclosed] its ضَحْك; as also ↓ أَضْحَكَت; (TA;) [i. e.] the spathe of the palm-tree, (Skr, O, TA,) that covered the طَلْع [or spadix], (O,) burst open. (Skr, O, TA.) And ضَحِكَ الطَّلْعُ (tropical:) The طلع [here app. meaning the spathe of the palm-tree] split, or clave, open; and so تَبَسَّمَ. (TA.) b8: And, as some assert, (ISd, TA,) ضَحِكَتْ signifies also (tropical:) She menstruated; said of a hare; (ISd, Z, O, Msb, TA;) accord. to some, from the ضَحَّاك [meaning the interior] of the طَلْعَة [of the palm-tree] when it bursts open; (ISd, TA;) and hence, (K, TA,) said also in this sense of a woman, (O, Msb, K, TA,) accord. to Mujáhid, (O, TA,) and some others, (TA,) in the Kur xi. 74, (O, K, TA,) where some read فَضَحَكَتْ, which is said to be a well-known dial. var.; (TA;) and likewise, accord. to some, said in this sense of the hyena, (O, TA,) when she sees blood, or as IAar says, when she eats the flesh of men and drinks their blood: (TA:) [it is commonly asserted by the Arabs that] the hare menstruates like women: (Kzw:) but with respect to this meaning as assigned to the verb in the Kur xi. 74, Fr says that he had not heard it from any person deserving of confidence; (O, TA; *) and Zj says that it is nought: both say that the meaning there is, she laughed by reason of happiness: (TA:) and some say that there is an inversion in this case, what is meant being فَبَشَّرْنَاهَا بِإِسْحٰقَ فَضَحِكَتْ: (Fr, O, TA:) or the meaning is, she wondered; so says I'Ab; and so Er-Rághib, who adds that it is confirmed by her saying, “ shall I bring forth a child when I am an old woman, and this my husband is an old man? verily this is indeed a wonderful thing: ” and that فَحَاضَتْ which is inserted by some of the expositors after فَضَحِكَتْ is not an explanation of this expression, as some of them have imagined it to be, but is the mention of [a fact which was] a sign that the announcement was not that of an event improbable: or the meaning is, she was frightened; so says Fr.: (TA:) and with respect to the meaning of this verb when said of the hyena, mentioned above, it is rejected by AHát and others: (TA:) IDrd says, on the authority of AHát, respecting the following verse of TaäbbataSharrà, تَضْحَكُ الضَّبْعُ لِقَتْلَى هُذَيْلٍ

وَتَرَى الذِّئْبَ لَهَا يَسْتَهِلُّ that the meaning is (assumed tropical:) The hyena displays her teeth, or grins, on account of the slain [of Hudheyl], when she sees them, like as they say of the ass when he plucks out the [plant called] صِلِّيَانَة; (O, TA;) or, as others say, (assumed tropical:) the hyena snarls, displaying her teeth; and sees the wolf raising his voice in calling the [other] wolves to them, i. e. to the slain: (O, TA:*) Abu-l-' Abbás says that the meaning is, (assumed tropical:) the hyena displays her teeth, because the wolf contends with her over the slain: and some say that the poet means, (assumed tropical:) the hyena rejoices because of the slain. (TA.) b9: One says also, ضَحِكَتِ السَّمُرَةُ, meaning (assumed tropical:) The سمرة [or gum-acacia-tree] flowed with its gum: from ضحكت meaning “ she menstruated. ” (Bd in xi. 74.) 3 مُضَاحَكَةٌ [inf. n. of ضاحكهُ] signifies [The contending, or vying, in laughing, with another; or the laughing with another; or] the laughing together. (KL.) b2: [Hence,] one says, النَّوْرُ يُضَاحِكُ الشَّمْسَ (assumed tropical:) [The flowers vie in brightness with the sun]. (TA.) b3: And إِنَّ رَأْيَكَ لَيُضَاحِكُ المُشْكِلَاتِ (tropical:) [Verily thy judgment makes sport with ambiguities]; said to him to whom confused and dubious things are apparent and known. (TA.) 4 اضحكهُ, (S, O, K,) inf. n. إِضْحَاكٌ, (KL,) said of God, (S, O,) or of a man, (K,) He made him, or caused him, to laugh. (S, * O, * K, * KL, PS.) b2: [Hence,] اضحك الضَّبُعَ, said of blood, (TA,) or of the sword, (O, TA,) (assumed tropical:) [It made the hyena to display her teeth; or to snarl, displaying her teeth: or to rejoice: (see 1, latter part:) but explained as meaning] (tropical:) it made the hyena to menstruate. (TA.) b3: And اضحك الحَوْضَ (tropical:) He filled the wateringtrough so that it overflowed: (O, TA:) its glistening being likened to laughing. (TA.) b4: See also 1, near the middle of the paragraph.5 تَضَحَّكَ see the next paragraph.6 تضاحك and ↓ تضحّك [are both mentioned in the K and TA as though syn. with each other and with ضَحِكَ: and accord. to the KL, the former signifies He laughed: but accord. to the TK, the latter signifies he manifested laughing: or] the former is syn. with ↓ استضحك [app. as meaning he affected to laugh, or laughing: or, more exactly, agreeably with analogy, like the contr. تَبَاكَى and اِسْتَبْكَى, the former signifies thus; and the latter, he desired to laugh]. (S.) b2: And you say also, هُمْ يَتَضَاحَكُونَ [meaning They laugh together, one with another]. (K.) 10 إِسْتَضْحَكَ see the next preceding paragraph.

ضَحْكٌ [originally an inf. n., a contraction of ضَحِكٌ,] The appearance, or appearing, of the central incisors [or of the front teeth] by reason of happiness, joy, or gladness. (TA.) b2: and hence, (TA,) Wonder. (K, TA.) A2: [As an epithet,] A man whose teeth are white. (As, O, TA.) A3: [And as a subst., properly so termed,] White front teeth. (As, O, K.) b2: And (assumed tropical:) Honey: (K:) or white honey; (Ibn-Es-Seed, TA;) likened to the front teeth because of its intense whiteness: (AA, O, TA:) or honey in its comb; syn. شَهْدٌ. (K.) b3: And, (O, K,) some say, (O,) (assumed tropical:) Fresh butter. (O, K.) b4: And (assumed tropical:) Snow. (O, K.) b5: and (assumed tropical:) Blossoms, or flowers, or white blossoms or flowers; syn. نَوْرٌ: (O, and so in copies of the K:) or light; syn. نُورٌ. (So in a copy of the K.) b6: And (assumed tropical:) The طَلْع [or spadix] of the palm-tree when its envelope bursts open from it; (S, * O, * K;) in the dial. of Belhárith Ibn-Kaab: (O:) accord. to Th, what is in the interior of the طَلْعَة [here meaning spathe of the palm-tree]: as AA says, the وَلِيعَة, or وَلِيع [thus differently written in two different places in the TA,] of the طَلْع [or spathe of the palm-tree], which is eaten; as also ↓ ضَحَّاكٌ. (TA.) b7: and (assumed tropical:) The middle of a road; (K, TA;) and so, accord. to the K, ↓ ضَحَّاكٌ; but, correctly, this should have been there mentioned as syn. with ضَحْكٌ in the sense next preceding. (TA.) ضَحْكَةٌ A single act of ضَحِك [or laughing; i. e. a laugh]. (S, O.) A2: [The pl.] ضَحْكَاتٌ signifies (tropical:) The best of everything: and ضَحْكَاتُ القُلُوبِ, the best of possessions, or wealth, and of children: so says Aboo-Sa'eed. (TA.) ضُحْكَةٌ A thing, (Lth, TA,) or a man, (S, O. TA,) that is laughed at, or ridiculed; i. e. يُضْحَكُ مِنْهُ: (S, O, K, TA:) an epithet importing more discommendation than ضُحَكَةٌ. (K.) b2: See also مَضْحَكٌ.

ضُحَكَةٌ, (S, O, Msb, K,) an epithet importing discommendation, (K,) and ↓ ضُحُكَّةٌ, (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K,) and ↓ ضَحَّاكٌ, (Msb, K,) an epithet importing commendation, (TA, [but the contr. is implied, or rather plainly indicated, in the K,]) and ↓ ضَحُوكٌ, (K,) and ↓ مِضْحَاكٌ, (S, O, K,) which last is [also] applied to a woman, (S, O,) One who laughs much (كَثِيرُ الضَّحِكِ). (S, O, Msb, K.) ضُحُكَّةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

ضَحُوكٌ: see ضُحَكَةٌ. b2: [Also] A man cheerful in countenance. (O.) b3: And (assumed tropical:) A wide road: (S, O:) or (tropical:) a distinct, an apparent, or a conspicuous, road; as also ↓ ضَحَّاكٌ: pl. of the former (in this sense, TA) ضُحْكٌ. (K, TA.) ضَحَّاكٌ: see ضُحَكَةٌ: b2: and see ضَحْكٌ, last two sentences: b3: and ضَحُوكٌ.

ضَاحِكٌ Laughing; [&c.;] (KL;) act. part. n. of ضَحِكَ. (Msb, K.) b2: Also applied to clouds (سَحَاب), meaning (tropical:) Appearing, or extending sideways, in the horizon, and lightening. (S, O, TA.) b3: [And to the tooth (السِّنّ, used as a gen. n.): thus in the phrase ضَاحِكَ السِّنِّ, meaning (assumed tropical:) Laughingly, so as to display the teeth.] b4: See also ضَاحِكَةٌ. b5: Also, [or perhaps حَجَرٌ ضَاحِكٌ,] (tropical:) Very white stone appearing in a mountain (IDrd, O, TA.) of any colour, as though laughing. (IDrd, O, TA.) b6: One says also رَأْىٌ ضَاحِكٌ, meaning (tropical:) Judgment that is plain, or perspicuous, (TA,) not confused or dubious. (O, TA.) b7: And, [using ضاحك as a gen. n.,] مَا أَكْثَرَ ضَاحِكَ نَخْلِكُمْ (tropical:) [How numerous are the bursting spathes of your palm-trees!]. (TA.) b8: [And an instance of ضَاحِكٌ applied to a woman, without ة, meaning (assumed tropical:) Menstruating, is cited by Bd, in xi. 74.]

ضَاحِكَةٌ, (S, O, K,) or ↓ ضَاحِكٌ, (Msb,) or both, (Mgh,) (tropical:) The tooth next behind the نَاب [or canine tooth]; (Mgh, Msb;) [i. e. the anterior bicuspid;] any one of the four teeth that are between the أَنْيَاب and the أَضْرَاس: (S, O, K:) or any one of the teeth that are in front of the أَضْرَاس that appear on the occasion of laughing: (K:) pl. ضَوَاحِكُ. (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K.) أَوضَحُوا بِضَاحِكَةٍ (O, TA,) a phrase occurring in a trad., (O,) means (assumed tropical:) They smiled. (TA.) أُضْحُوكَةٌ [A laughable thing;] a thing at which one laughs: (O, K, TA:) and ↓ مَضْحَكَةٌ signifies [in like manner a cause of laughter;] a thing at which one laughs, or which one ridicules: pl. of the former أَضَاحِيكُ. (TA.) [See also مُضْحِكَاتٌ.]

مَضْحَكٌ lit. A place of laughing: the front teeth; because they appear in laughing; like مَبْسِمٌ: pl. مَضَاحِكُ.] One says, بَدَتْ مَضَاحِكُهُ and ↓ ضُحْكَتُهُ and [in like manner] مَبَاسِمُهُ (assumed tropical:) [His front teeth appeared, by his laughing]. (TA.) مَضْحَكَةٌ: see أُضْحُوكَةٌ.

مُضْحِكَاتٌ [pl. of مُضْحِكَةٌ] i. q. نَوَادِرُ [as meaning Extraordinary things or sayings, particularly such as cause laughter: see also أُضْحُوكَةٌ]. (TA.) مِضْحَاكٌ: see ضُحَكَةٌ.

جرذ

1 جَرَذَ, inf. n. جَرْذٌ, (tropical:) He (a horse [or similar beast]) became affected with the kind of swelling termed جَرَذٌ [q. v. infrà]. (A.) b2: جَرَذَت القَرْحَةُ (assumed tropical:) The wound, or ulcer, formed itself into a knot, or lump, (تَعَقَّدَت,) like what is termed جَرَذٌ, or جُرَذٌ. (K, accord. to different copies. [The former reading is app. the right.]) 2 جرّذ (tropical:) He trimmed a tree, as though by removing its جَرَذ, meaning its faulty parts, or knots, which are likened to جِرْذَان [pl. of جُرَذٌ]: whence ↓ رَجُلٌ مُجَرَّذٌ. (A.) b2: [And hence,] جرّذهُ الدَّهْرُ (tropical:) Time, or fortune, tried and strengthened him by means of experience in affairs. (T, L, TA.) جَرَذٌ (tropical:) Any swelling, (A'Obeyd, S, Mgh, L, K,) and inflation of the sinews, (A'Obeyd, S, Mgh, L,) in the hock (A'Obeyd, S, Mgh, L, K) of a horse (A'Obeyd, Mgh, L) or similar beast; (S, K;) and in the side of the hock-joint, externally and internally; (A'Obeyd, Mgh, L;) derived from جُرَذٌ, because resembling in form the rat (فأر) thus called: (Mgh:) or an inflation of the sinews of a horse's legs, occasioning swellings which are likened to [the rats called] جِرْذَان: (A:) or a swelling in the side of a horse's hoof, and in his stifle-joint (ثَفِنَة), or in the hinder part of his hock, which grows so large as to prevent his walking and working; also written جَرَدٌ; (ISh, L in arts. جرذ and جرد;) and likewise affecting the camel: (ISh, L in art. جرذ:) the original word is with ذ. (TA.) b2: Also (tropical:) The faulty parts, or knots, of a tree, which are pared off; likened to جِرْذَان. (A.) أَرْضٌ جَرِذَةٌ Land containing, (S, L,) or abounding with, (K,) [the large field-rats called] جِرْذَان; (S, L, K;) like ارض فَئِرَةٌ. (A.) b2: دَابَّةٌ جَرِذٌ, (M, L,) or فَرَسٌ جَرِذٌ, (Mgh,) (tropical:) A beast, or horse, affected with the kind of swelling termed جَرَذٌ. (M, Mgh, L.) And رَجُلٌ جَرِذُ الرِّجْلَيْنِ (tropical:) [A man whose legs are affected with similar swellings]. (M, L, TA.) جُرَذٌ [The large field-rat; so in the present day;] a species of فَأْر [or rat]: (S, A, Mgh, L, K:) or the male فأر: (T, M, IAmb, L, Msb:) or the large male فأر; said to be larger than the jerboa, of a dusky colour, with a blackness in his tail: (L:) or the large فأر that is in the deserts, or uncultivated plains, and that does not frequent, or keep to, houses: (Msb:) pl. جِرْذَانٌ, (S, A, Mgh, L, Msb, K,) or جُرْذَانٌ. (TA.) أكْثَرَ اللّٰهُ جِرْذَانَ بَيْتِكَ [lit. May God multiply the large rats of thy house, or tent,] means (tropical:) may God fill thy house, or tent, with wheat, or food. (A.) And تَفَرَّقَتْ جِرذَانُ بَيْتِهِ [lit. The large rats of his house, or tent, became dispersed,] has a contr. meaning. (Har p. 274.) b2: أُمُّ جِرْذَانٍ A sort of dates, (L, Msb, K,) of a large size: before the fruit is cut [from the tree], rats collect beneath: so called when fresh and ripe: when dry, كَبِيسٌ: called in El-Koofeh مُوشَانٌ: (L:) and a sort of palm-tree, the last in the time of the ripening of its fruit in El-Hijáz: (As, AHn, L:) or [simply] the palm-tree. (T in art. ام.) Hence the saying, إِذَا طَلَعَتِ الخَرَاتَانْ أُكِلَتْ أُمُّ جِرْذَانْ [When ElKharátán (the Eleventh Mansion of the Moon) rises aurorally (see مَنَازِلُ القَمَرِ in art. نزل), the dates called امّ جرذان are eaten]: for El-Khará- tán rises [aurorally] in the last part of the hot season, after the [auroral] rising of سُهَيْل [or Canopus], and before the season called الصَّفَرِىً. (AHn, L.) جِرْذَانَةٌ (in the CK جَرْذَانَةٌ) A sort of date: pl. جَرَاذِينُ. (K.) مُجَرَّذٌ (tropical:) A man freed from his faults by experience in affairs: see 2: (A:) or an intelligent, or a sagacious, man: (M, L:) one who has been tried and strengthened by experience in affairs. (T, S, M, L, K.)