كثر

1 كَثُرَ, aor. ـُ (S, Msb, K,) inf. n. كَثْرَةٌ (Msb, TA) and كِثْرَةٌ, or this is erroneous, (Msb,) [and perhaps كُثْرَةٌ, and كُثْرٌ, or these are simple substs., (see كَثْرَةٌ, below,)] and كَثَارَةٌ, (TA,) It was, or became, much, copious, abundant, many, numerous, great in number or quantity; it multiplied; it accumulated. (S, K, TA.) كَثُرُوا عَلَيْهِ فَغَلَبُوهُ [They multiplied against him and overcame him.] (TA in art. غرق). [كَثُرَ مِنْهُ كَذَا Such a thing proceeded from him, or was done by him, much, or often.] See also 4.

A2: كَاثَرُوهُمْ فَكَثَرُوهُمْ: see 3.2 كَثَّرَ see 4.3 كَاثَرُوهُمْ فَكَثَرُوهُمْ, (S, K,) inf. n. of the former, مُكَاثَرَةٌ, (S,) [and aor. of the latter, accord. to analogy, كَثُرَ,] They contended with them for superiority in number, and overcame them therein, (S, K, TA,) or surpassed, or exceeded, them in number. (TA.) A2: See also 10.4 اكثرهُ He made it much, abundant, many, or numerous, he multiplied it; as also ↓ كثّرهُ, (Msb, K, TA,) inf. n. تَكْثِيرٌ. (K.) b2: أَكْثَرْتُ مِنَ الشَّىْءِ and مِنْهُ ↓ استكثرتُ signify the same; (S, Msb;) i. e., أَكْثَرْتُ فِعْلَهُ [I did the thing much; lit., I made the doing of it much]: or أَكْثَرْتُ مِنَ الأَكْلِ وَنَحْوِهِ [I ate, and the like, much] presents an instance of pleonasm, [being for أَكْثَرْتُ الأَكْلَ وَنَحْوَهُ,] accord. to the opinion of the Koofees: or it is an instance of explication [of the vague signification of the verb], accord. to the opinion of the Basrees; the objective complement being suppressed, and the complete phrase being أَكْثَرْتُ الفِعْلَ مِنَ الأَكْلِ: and so in the like cases. (Msb.) [You say also أَكْثَرَ فِى الكَلَامِ He spoke, or talked, much; was profuse, or immoderate, in speech, or talk. and in like manner, فِى الأَمْرِ ↓ كَثُرَ He did, acted, or occupied himself, much in the affair.] b3: اكثر [as an intrans. v.] signifies أَتَى بِكَثِيرٍ [He brought, or he did, or he said, much]. (K.) b4: Also, [He became rich; he abounded in property;] his property became much, or abundant. (S, Msb, K.) A2: اكثر It (a palm-tree) produced, or put forth, its طَلْع [or spadix], (S, K,) i. e., its كَثَر, whence the verb. (TA.) A3: [مَا أَكْثَرَ مَالَهُ How abundant is his wealth! or how numerous are his cattle!]5 تكثّر [He endeavoured to acquire much, or abundance, of a thing]. You say تكثّر مِنَ العِلْمِ لِيَحْفَظَ [He endeavoured to acquire much knowledge, in order that he might preserve it in his memory]. And تَكثّر مِنْهُ لِيَفْهَمَ [He endeavoured to acquire much thereof in order that he might understand]. (A.) See also 10. b2: He made a vain, or false, boast of abundance, or riches; or a boast of more than he possessed; and invested himself with that which did not belong to him. (TA, voce تَشَبَّعَ, which signifies the same.) You say تكثّر بِمَا لَيْسَ عِنْدَهُ He made a boast of abundance, or riches, which he did not possess; syn. تَشَبَّعَ. (Msb, art. شبع.) And فُلَانٌ يَتَكَثَّرُ بِمَالِ غَيْرِهِ [Such a one makes a vain or false show of abundance or riches with the wealth or property of another]. (S.) 6 تَكَاْثَرَ i. q. 3 [but relating to more than two]. (S.) [You say تَكَاتَرُوا They contended, one with another, for superiority in number.] التَّكَاثُرُ in the Kur, ci. 1, signifies The contending together for superiority in [the amount or number of] property and children and men. (Jel.) A2: تَكَاثَرَتْ أَمْوَالُهُ [His riches multiplied by degrees]. (A.) b2: تكاثر عَلَيْهِ النَّاسُ فَقَهَرُوهُ [The people multiplied by degrees against him, and overcame him, or subdued him]. (TA.) 10 استكثر مِنَ الشَّىْءِ He desired, or wished for, much of the thing. (K.) You say استكثر مِنَ المَالِ [He desired, or wished for, much of the property]. (A.) b2: استكثرهُ المَآءِ, and المَآءَ ↓ كاثرهُ, He desired of him for himself much of the water that he might drink of it: (K:) and so if the water were little. (TA.) b3: استكثر مِنَ الشّىُءِ also signifies i. q. أَكْثَرَ مِنْهُ, q. v. (S, Msb.) b4: Also استكثرهُ He reckoned it much, abundant, or many. (Msb.) You say هُوَ يَسْتَكْثِرُ الفَلِيلَ [He reckons little, or few, much, abundant, or many]. (A.) Q. Q. 2 تَكَوْثَرَ It (dust) was, or became, much, or abundant. (S.) See كُوْثَرٌ.

كَثْرٌ: see كَثِيرٌ.

A2: See also كَثَرٌ.

كُثْرٌ: see كَثْرَةٌ.

A2: The greater, or greatest, or main, part, of a thing; the most thereof. (K.) كِثْرٌ: see كَثْرَةٌ.

كَثَرٌ (S, Msb, K) and ↓ كَثْرٌ (Msb, K) The heart, or pith, (syn. جُمَّارٌ, S, Msb, K, and شَحْمٌ, and جَذَبٌ, TA,) of a palm-tree: (S, Msb, K:) of the dial. of the Ansár: (TA:) or its spadix; syn. طَلْعٌ. (S, Msb, K.) كَثْرَةٌ, (S, A, K,) and ↓ كِثْرَةٌ, (K,) or the latter should not be used, for it is a bad dial. form, (S,) or it is correct when coupled with قِلَّةٌ, for the sake of assimilation, (TA,) and ↓ كُثْرَةٌ, though the first is the best known, (Ibn-'Allán, in his Sharh el-Iktiráh,) or the last is not allowable, (TA,) and ↓ كُثْرٌ, (S, A, K,) and ↓ كِثْرٌ, (S,) Muchness; much, as a subst.; copiousness; abundance; a large quantity; numerousness; multiplicity; multitudinousness; a multitude; a plurality; a large number; numbers; and frequency: contr. of قِلَّةٌ. (S, A, K.) [See also كَثُرَ.] You say ↓ مَا لَهُ قُلٌّ وَلَا كُثْرٌ He has not little nor much of property. (S.) and ↓ الحَمْدُ لِلّٰهِ عَلَى القُلٌّ وَالكُثْرِ, (S, A,) and ↓ عَلَى القِلِّ وَالكِثْرِ, (S,) Praise be to God for little and much. (S, * A.) [↓ كُثْرٌ is explained in the S by كَثِيرٌ, and so in one place in the TA; but it is a subst., or an epithet in which the quality of a subst. predominates.] b2: كَثْرَةٌ is also used to signify Richness, or wealthiness; syn. سَعَةٌ. (Mgh.) كُثْرَةٌ: see كَثْرَةُ.

كِثْرَةٌ: see كَثْرَةُ.

كُثَارٌ: see كَثِيرٌ.

A2: Also, and ↓ كِثَارٌ, Companies, or troops, or the like, (K, TA,) of men or animals only. (TA.) You say فِى الدَّارِ كُثَارٌ مِنَ النَّاسِ, and كِثَارٌ, In the house are companies of men. (TA.) كِثَارٌ: see كُثَارٌ.

كَثِيرٌ (S, A, Msb, K) and ↓ كُثَارٌ (S, K) and ↓ كَاثِرٌ and ↓ كَثْرٌ and ↓ كَيْثَرٌ and ↓ كُوْثَرٌ (K) Much; copious; abundant; many; numerous; multitudinous. (S, A, Msb, K.) You say خَيْرٌ كَثِيرٌ, and ↓ كَيْثَرٌ, Much, or abundant, good. (A.) And قَوْمٌ كَثِيرٌ A numerous party, or people: and هُمْ كَثِيرُونَ They are many. (S.) And رِجَالٌ كَثِيرٌ, and كَثِيرَةٌ, Many men: and نِسَآءٌ كَثِيرٌ, and كَثِيرَةٌ, Many women. (Yoo, ISh, Msb.) And ↓ عَدَدٌ كَاثِرٌ, (S, Msb,) and, as some say, ↓ كَوْثَرٌ, (Msb,) and كَثِيرٌ, (K in art. بول, &c.) A large number. (S, Msb.) And ↓ غُبَارٌ كُوْثَرٌ Much dust: (S:) or much confused dust (K, TA) rising and diffusing itself: of the dial. of Hudheyl. (TA.) b2: [A large quantity, or number, مِنْ مَالٍ وَغَيْرِهِ of property, or cattle, &c.] b3: كَثِيرًا, as an adv., Much; often. (The lexicons passim.) b4: رَجُلٌ كثيرٌ [in the TA كثر: probably the right reading is ↓ كَيْثَرٌ, q. v.:] A man whose ancestors are many, and whose high deeds are various. (L.) b5: See also مُطَّرِدٌ.

كَثِيرَةٌ, with ة, [as a subst., signifying Much,] is used only in negative phrases; like [its contr.]

قَلِيلَةٌ, q. v. (Az, in TA, art. قل.) كَاثِرٌ: see كَثِيرٌ, in two places.

كُوْثَرٌ: see كَثِيرٌ, in three places.

A2: A lord, or master, (S, K,) abounding in good: (S:) a man possessing good, or much good, and who gives much or often; as also ↓ كَيْثَرٌ. (K, TA.) A3: A river. (Kr, K.) b2: And الكَوْثَرُ A certain river in paradise, (S, Msb, K,) from which flow all the [other] rivers thereof, (K,) pertaining specially to the Prophet, described as being whiter than milk and sweeter than honey and as having its margin composed of pavilions of hollowed pearls. (TA.) كَيْثَرٌ: see كَثِيرٌ, in two places: and كُوْثَرٌ.

أَكْثَرُ More, and most, in quantity, and in number. (The lexicons passim.) أَكْثَزِىٌّ Having relation to the greater number of things or cases.]

مُكْثِرٌ A man possessing wealth: (K:) or possessing much wealth. (A, TA.) مَكْثَرَةٌ A cause of rendering abundant, or multiplying; syn. مَثْرَاةٌ, q. v. (S, K in art. ثرو.) مِكْثَارٌ (A, K, TA) and ↓ مِكْثِيرٌ, (K, TA,) applied to a man, and to a woman, (A, TA,) Loquacious; talkative; a great talker; (K, TA;) a great babbler. (A.) مَكْثُورٌ Overcome in number: (S, * A:) one against whom people have multiplied by degrees (ثَكَاثَرُوا عَلَيْهِ) so that they have overcome or subdued him. (TA.) b2: مَكْثُورٌ عَلَيْهِ [A place thronged]. b3: فُلَانٌ مَكْثُورٌ عَلَيْهِ Such a one has spent what he had, and claims upon him have become numerous: (S:) or such a one has many seekers of his beneficence. (A.) See also مَشْفُوفٌ.

مِكْثِيرٌ: see مِكْثَارٌ.

ثر

ى1 ثَرِيَتِ الأَرْضُ, aor. ـَ inf. n. ثَرٌى, The earth, or land, became moist and soft, after drought and dryness: (M, K:) or became watered by rain that penetrated to its moistness. (Msb.) A2: See also the same form of the verb in the first paragraph of art. ثرو, in six places.2 ثرّى, (T, S, M, K,) inf. n. تَــثْرِيَةٌ, (S, K,) He moistened (T, S, M, K) a place, (T,) or earth, or the ground, or dust, (M, K,) and سَوِيق [or meal of parched barley or wheat], (S, TA,) and any other thing: (TA:) he sprinkled a place: (S, K:) he poured water upon, and then stirred about, and mixed up, [the preparation of milk termed] أَقِط, (M, K,) and سَوِيق. (M.) A2: He made his hands to cleave to the ground (T, K) between the two prostrations in prayer, not separating them therefrom until he performed the second prostration. (T.) 4 اثرى It (rain) moistened the earth. (S.) b2: أَثْرَتِ الأَرْضُ The land, or earth, had much moisture; became abundant in moisture: (S, M, Msb, K:) or it became compact with moisture. (AHn, M.) [See also مُثْرٍ.]

ثَرًى Moisture; humidity; (S, M, K;) of the earth: (S, Msb:) and moist earth; (S, M, Msb, K;) تُرَاب that is not moist is not called ثَرًى; (Msb;) or such as, when moistened, does not become cohesive mud or clay; (M, K;) as also ↓ ثَرْيَآءُ [an epithet used as a subst.]: (AO, T, * K, TA: [in the CK, erroneously, ثَرَياء:]) and the earth;; (M, K) مَا تَحْتَ الثَّرَي, in the Kur [xx. 5], being explained as meaning what is beneath the earth: (M:) الثَّرَى and * أَثْرَى both signify the earth; and the latter, being thus used as a proper name, is imperfectly decl.: (Ham p. 351:) dual ثَرَيَانِ (S, M, K) and ثَرَوَانِ: (Lh, M, K: [but the sing. of the latter should be written ثَرًا:]) pl. أَثْرَآْ. (M, K.) اِلْتَقَى الثَّرَيَانِ [The two moistures met, or have met,] is said when the rain has sunk into the ground so that it has met the moisture of the earth. (S, M, K.) Accord. to IAar, it was also said by a man, (M,) or by an Arab of the desert, (K,) who, (M, K,) being naked, (K,) clad himself with a fur-garment, (M, K,) without a shirt; (M;) meaning the hair of the pubes and the soft hair of the fur-garment. (M, K.) And the Arabs say, شَهْرٌ ثَرَى وَشَهْرٌ تَرَى وَشَهْرٌ مَرْعَى وَشَهْرٌ اسْتَوَى, meaning A month [of moisture] in which the rain begins, and sinks into the ground, and moistens and softens the earth; for شَهْرٌ ذُو ثَرًى: and a month in which thou seest the heads of the herbage grown forth; for شَهْرٌ تَرَى فِيهِ رُؤُوسَ النَّبَاتِ: and a month in which the herbage is tall enough to be pastured upon by the cattle: (As, S, * M:) and a month in which it is full-grown and erect. (As, M.) One says also, بَدَا ثَرَى المَآءِ مِنَ الفَرَسِ, meaning The sweat of the horse appeared. (S, * M.) And إِنِّى لَأَرَي ثَرَى الغَضَبِ فِى وَجْهِ فُلَانٍ, meaning (assumed tropical:) Verily I see the effect of anger in the face of such a one. (T.) And هُوَابْنُ ثَرَاهَا (assumed tropical:) He is the knowing with respect to it. (T in art. بنى.) b2: [Hence, as being likened to moist earth,] i. q. خَيْرٌ (assumed tropical:) [Good; anything good; &c.]. (M, K. [For خَيْر, Golius appears to have found, in a copy of the K, حَيْز; and this, which he has rendered “Terræ tractus,” he has given as a signification, not of ثَرًى, but of ثَرَآءٌ, which, like ثَرًى, he also explains as meaning “ terra. ” ]) So in the saying, فُلَانٌ قَرِيبُ الثَّرَى [app. meaning (assumed tropical:) Such a one is a person from whom good is easy of attainment: or it may mean, a person from whom good seems to be easy of attainment: in either case likened to land of which the moist earth is near the surface: that the phrase may have the latter meaning appears from what here follows]. (M.) You say, إِنَّ فُلَانًا لَقَرِيبُ الثَّرِى بَعِيدُ النَّبَطِ, meaning (assumed tropical:) Verily such a one is a person who promises but who does not fulfil. (IAar, T.) b3: [Hence also, (assumed tropical:) Fresh and vigorous friendship.] You say, لَمْ يَبْبَسِ الثَّرَى بَيْنِى وَبَيْنَهُ (assumed tropical:) [The fresh and vigorous friendship between me and him has not withered]: whence the phrase, مَا بَيْنِى وَبَيْنَ فُلَانٍ

* مُثْرٍ (assumed tropical:) [That friendship which is between me and such a one is fresh and vigorous]; i. e., it has not ceased, or become severed. (S, * M.) Jereer says, فَلَا تُوبِسُوا بَيْنِى وَبَيْنَكُمُ الثَّرَى

↓ فَإِنَّ الَّذَي بَيْنِى وَبَيْنَكُمُ مُثْرِى

[And wither not the fresh and vigorous friendship between me and you; for that which is between me and you is fresh and vigorous]. (S, M.) ثَرٍ, fem. ثَرِيَةٌ, Moist; humid.] You say أَرْضٌ ثَرِيَةٌ, (M, Msb,) like عَمِيَةٌ, (Msb,) or ↓ ثَرِيَّةٌ, like غَنِيَّةٌ, (K, [but this is anomalous, as part. n. of ثَرِيَت,]) and ↓ ثَرْيَآءُ, (Msb, K,) Earth, or land, that has become moist and soft, after drought and dryness: (M, K:) or watered by rain that has penetrated to its moistness: (Msb:) or the last, land of just, or moderate, moisture: (AHn, M:) or moist land; (T, S, M;) and so the first. (M.) And ↓ مَكَانٌ ثَرْيَانُ A place of which the earth has in it moisture. (TA.) And ↓ يَوْمٌ ثَرِىٌّ A humid day. (TA.) A2: See also art. ثرو.

ثَرِىٌّ, fem. ثَرِيَّةٌ: see ثَرٍ, in two places: A2: and see also art. ثرو.

ثَرْيَآءُ: see ثَرٍ: b2: and see also ثَرًى.

ثَرْيَانُ: see ثَرٍ.

ثُرَيَّا: see art. ثرو.

أَثْرَى: see ثَرًى: A2: and see also art. ثرو.

مُثْرٍ, fem. مُــثْرِيَةٌ, part. n. of 4, q. v.] أَرْضٌ مُــثْرِيَةٌ [is explained as meaning] Land of which the earth has not become dry. (T, TA.) b2: See also ثَرًى, last two sentences.

A2: And see art. ثرو.

مَثْرِىُّ a pass. part. n. having no verb; used as an intensive epithet in the phrase ثَرًى مَثْرِىٌّ [Very moist earth]. (M.) A2: See also art. ثرو.

نسب

1 نَسَبَهُ, aor. ـُ (S, K,) inf. n. نَسْبٌ and نِسْبَةٌ; (S;) and aor. ـِ inf. n. نَسَبٌ and نِسْبَةٌ; (K, TA;) He mentioned his [i. e. another's] relationship, [lineage, or genealogy]; (S, K;) saying, He is such a one, the son of such a one; or He is of such a tribe, or city; or of such an art, or such a trade; and the like. (Lb. T.) b2: نَسَبَهُ, aor. ـُ inf. n. نَسْبٌ, He traced up his [i. e. another's] lineage to his greatest ancestor. (TA.) b3: نَسَبَهُ, [aor. ـُ He asked him to mention, or tell him, his relationship, [lineage, or genealogy]. (K.) b4: إِلَيْهِ ↓ جَلَسْتُ إِلَيْهِ فَنَسَبَنِى قَانْتَسَبْتُ (tropical:) [I sat by him, and he asked me to tell him my lineage; so I mentioned my lineage to him]. (A.) b5: لَهَا ↓ نَسَبَتْنَا فَانْتَسَبْنَا [She asked us to tell her our lineage; so we mentioned our lineage to her]. (IAar, from a trad.) b6: نَسَبَهُ الى فُلَانٍ He asserted him to be related to such a one: and he referred his lineage, or origin, to such a one. b7: He referred the origin or derivation of his name to such a one. b8: He attributed, or ascribed, it to such a one. See, for ex. صَدَّقَ and كَذَّبَ in the Msb. b9: نَسَبَهُ إِلَى كَذَا (tropical:) He referred its origin, or the origin or derivation of its name, to such a thing. b10: He attributed, or ascribed, it to such a thing. b11: ] نَسَبَهُ إِلَى فُلَانٍ He named him, or called him, in relation, or reference, to such a one; meaning an ancestor: and in like manner, in relation, or reference, to a tribe, a town or district, an art or trade, &c. See نِسْبَةٌ. b12: نَسَبَهُ إلَى كذَا (tropical:) He named it, or called it, in relation, or reference, to such a thing. b13: نَسَبَ إِلَيْهِ كَذَا, and, by inversion, نَسَبَهُ إِلَى

كَذَا, (see S and K, in art. جهل, &c.) (tropical:) He attributed or imputed to him, or charged him with, or accused him of, such a thing; namely, a fault &c. Both phrases are often used as signifying thus by classical writers, and in the present day.] b14: نَسَبَ بِالْمَرْأَةِ, (S, K,) aor. ـِ (S,) and نَسُبَ, (L,) inf. n. نَسِيبٌ (S, K) and نَسَبٌ and مَنْسَبَةٌ, (K,) i. q. شَبَّبَ بِهَا; q. v.; (S, K;) He mentioned the woman in an amatory manner, in the beginning [or prelude] of a poem: (TA, voce شبّب:) he mentioned the woman in amatory language, in the beginning of a قَصِيدَة, and then turned to the object of praise: [for it is a general rule to commence a قصيدة in praise of a king, or hero, or the like, with نسيب; the transition from this is termed التَّخَلُّصُ: see also اِقْتَضَبَ:] (IKh:) he mentioned the woman in his poem, describing her as characterized by beauty and youth &c.: (Lb:) or describing her as characterized by good qualities, whether truly or falsely. (Z.) This phrase and نَسَبَ الرَّجُلَ both signify description; the latter signifying “ he described the man with relation to his father, or his city or country, or the like; ” and the former phrase, he described the woman as characterized by beauty and youth and love or affection &c. (IDrst.) نَسِيبٌ is also employed to signify the describing of the places where the objects of love have taken up their abode in the season of the رَبِيع and at other times, and the lover's longing to meet them and be united with them, and what else is comprised in the signification of the words تَشْبِيبٌ and غَزَلٌ. (MF.) [See غَزِلَ, and غَزَلٌ.]3 ناسبهُ He shared with him in relationship. (TA.) b2: فُلَانٌ يُنَاسِبُ فُلَانًا Such a one is related to, or a relation of, such a one. (S.) b3: ناسبه, inf. n. مُنَاسَبَةٌ, (tropical:) He, or it, bore relation to, resembled, was similar to, conformable to, analogous to, correspondent to, suitable to, befitted, him or it. (S, K, Msb.) See also نِسْبَةٌ.4 انسبتِ الرِّيحُ The wind was violent, and drove along the dust and pebbles: (K:) [as also انشبت].5 تنسّب He asserted himself to be a relation, or kinsman, or to be related, [إِلَيْكَ] to thee. Hence the proverb, القَرِيبُ مَنْ تَقَرَّبَ لَا مَنْ تَنَسَّبَ: (S, K:) i. e. He is [indeed] an ally who allies himself by affection and friendship: not he who asserts himself to be a kinsman. (TA.) 6 تناسبوا (tropical:) They were mutually, or reciprocally, related; resembled one another; were similar, conformable, analogous, correspondent, or suitable, one to another; befitted one another. (TA.) See also نِسْبَةٌ. b2: [And تناسب It was suitable in its parts, proportionate, symmetrical, or uniform.]8 إِنْتَسَبَ See 10 and 1. b2: انتسب إِلَى أَبِيهِ He asserted his relationship to his father, whether truly or falsely; (S;) [saying, I am the son of such a one: as was generally done by a champion when he sallied forth to challenge]. b3: انتسب إِلَيْهِ It (a voice) was attributed, or ascribed, to him. (TA, art. غنث.) 10 استنسب (K) and ↓ انتسب (TA) He mentioned his [i. e. his own] relationship, [lineage, or genealogy]. (K.) One says to a man, in asking him respecting his relationship, &c., إِسْتَنْسِبْ لَنَا أَىْ إِنْتَسِبْ لَنَا حَتَّى نَعْرِفَكَ [Mention thy relationship, or lineage, to us, that we may know thee]. (Az.) Q. Q. 1 نَيْسَبَ بَيْنَهُمَا, inf. n. نَيْسَبَةٌ, He went to and fro between them two with malicious and mischievous misrepresentations, calumnies, or slanders, &c. (L, K.) نَسْبٌ: see نَسَبٌ.

نَسَبٌ and ↓ نِسْبَهٌ and ↓ نُسْيَةٌ (S, K) Relationship; relation; kindred; consanguinity; [family; race; lineage; parentage; pedigree; genealogy; origin; reputed relationship or lineage or origin;] (K;) with respect to father and mother; (ISk;) or with respect to fathers only: (K:) pl. of the first, أَنْسَابٌ; (S;) of the ↓ second, نِسَبٌ; and of the ↓ third, نُسَبٌ. (Msb.) The first, by poetical license, is contracted into ↓ نَسْبٌ. (T.) [You say,] بَيْنَهُمَا نَسَبٌ Between them is relationship; said whether they may lawfully marry one another, or not. (Msb.) See نَسِيبٌ.

نِسْبَةٌ (tropical:) Relation; proportion; comparison; with respect to quantity, or measure, and the like. See نَسَبٌ. b2: بِنِسْبَةِ كَذَا In proportion to such a thing. b3: نِسْبَةُ العَشَرَةِ إِلَى المِائَةِ The proportion of ten to a hundred is [that of a tenth]. (Msb.) b4: [You also say بِالنِّسْبَةِ إِلَى كَذَا In relation to, or in comparison with, such a thing.] b5: نِسْبَةٌ A name of relation to a father, mother, tribe, town or district, art or trade, &c.: [as عَلَوِىٌّ, فَاطِمِىٌّ, قُرَشِىٌّ, مَكِّىٌّ, جَوْهَرِىٌّ:] ending with ىّ. A more general name of this kind should precede a more particular one: thus you say القُرَشِىُّ الهَاشِمِىُّ: and it is better that a name of relation to a tribe should precede one of relation to a town or the like: thus you say القُرَشِىُّ المَكِّىُّ. It is said that the Arabs originally called themselves by such names only in relation to tribes; and that, when they took up their abodes in cultivated lands and in cities, they borrowed names of relation to towns and the like from the Persians and Copts. (Msb.) b6: نِسْبَةٌ (TA) and ↓ مُنَاسَبَةٌ (S, K) and ↓ تَنَاسُبٌ (TA) (tropical:) Resemblance; similarity; conformity; analogy; correspondence; suitableness; fitness. (S, K, TA.) Ex. بَيْنَ الشَّيْئَيْنِ نسبةٌ, and ↓ مناسبةٌ, and ↓ تناسبٌ, Between the two things is a resemblance, &c. بَيْنَهُمَا نسبةٌ قَرِيبَةٌ. Between them two is a near resemblance, &c. (TA.) [نِسْبَةٌ حُكْمِيَّةٌ The relation of a predicate to its subject (in books on logic).]

نُسْبَةٌ: see نَسَبٌ.

نَسِيبٌ i. q. ↓ مُنَاسِبٌ, [A sharer in relationship; one who becomes a sharer in relationship by marriage]: (K:) pl. نُسَبَاءُ and أَنْسِبَاءُ.) (TA.) b2: نَسِيبٌ (S, K) and ↓ مَنْسُوبٌ (K) One related; a relation; a kinsman. (S, K, TA.) You say فُلَانٌ نَسِيبِى [Such a one is my relation]: and هُمْ أَنْسِبَائِى [They are my relations]. (TA.) ↓ نَسَبٌ, also, is used for ذُو نَسَبٍ [A relation, or kinsman]; and means a male, or female, relation; (Jel, xxv. 56;) and for ذَوُو نَسَبٍ [relations, or kinsmen]. (Bd, ibid.) [See also صِهْرٌ.] b3: نَسِيبٌ and ↓ مَنْسُوبٌ A man of rank, or quality, or the like, and of family, or lineage. (TA.) b4: ↓ نَسِيبٌ نَاسبٌ [An elegant amatory mentioning of a woman, or of women, in the beginning of a poem] is a phrase like شَعْرٌ شَاعِرٌ. (K.) See أَنْسَبُ.

نَسَّابٌ (K) and ↓ نَسَّابَةٌ (S, K.) Skilful in genealogy: (K:) [or rather, the former signifies very skilful in genealogies; or a great genealogist:] the latter, possessing the utmost knowledge in genealogies; or a most skilful genealogist: [this being of a doubly intensive form;] the ة being annexed to render the epithet one of excessive praise: (S:) pl. of the former نَسَّابُونَ, and of the latter نَسَّابَاتٌ: (TA:) you say عِنْدِى ثَلَاثَةُ نسّاباتٍ, meaning ثلاثة رِجَالٍ نسّاباتٍ. (S.) نَسَّابَةٌ: see نَسَّابٌ.

نَاسِبٌ: see نَسِيبٌ.

نَيْسَبٌ A straight, or direct, and conspicuous, or open, road, or way: (K:) or narrow road, or way: (TA:) as also ↓ نَيْسَبَانٌ: (K:) some say نَيْسَمٌ, which is a dial. form: (TA:) or نيسب signifies the traces of a road, or way. (K.) b2: Also نَيْسَبٌ Ants that appear like a road; (S;) ants following one another uninterruptedly. (K.) Dukeyn Ibn-Rejà says, عَيْنًا تَرَى النَّاسَ إِلَيْهَا نَيْسَبَا [A source to which thou seest the people (repairing like) ants proceeding in uninterrupted succession]. (S.) b3: Also, the track of ants, (ISd, K,) and of a serpent, and of wild asses going to their watering-places. (TA.) نَيْسَبَانٌ: see نَيْسَبٌ.

هٰذَا الشِّعْرُ أَنْسَبُ This poetry is more, or most. elegant in what is termed نَسِيب. see 2: (K:) as though they had said نَسِيبٌ نَاسِبٌ, like شِعْرٌ شَاعِرٌ, to give intensiveness to the signification, and thence formed the word أَنْسَبُ. (TA.) خَطٌّ مَنْسُوبٌ [A] regular [hand-writing]: syn. ذُو قَاعِدَةٍ: (TA:) [properly, named in relation to its author &c.] b2: شِعْرٌ مَنْسُوبٌ Poetry, or a poem, in which is نَسِيب, [or an amatory mention of a woman, or women, in its beginning]: pl. مَنَاسِيبُ. (K.) See نَسِيبٌ.

مُنَاسِبٌ: see نَسِيبٌ.

مُنَاسَبَةٌ and تَنَاسُبٌ: see نِسْبَةٌ.

تحف

4 اتحفهُ بِهِ [He presented him with it; or gave it to him as a تُحْفَة, q. v.]: (S, Msb:) and اتحفهُ تُحْفَةً [He made a present to him; or gave him a تُحْفَة; and so اتحفهُ alone, as in an ex. cited voce أَتْفَحَ]: (K, TA:) i. q. أَطْرَفَهُ بِتُحْفَةٍ

[which properly means He presented him with a novel, or rare, and pleasing present; or a gift not given to any one before; or a gift of which he (the recipient) did not possess the like, and which pleased him]: and ↓ اِتَّحَفَهُ signifies the same as أَتْحَفَهُ. (TA.) 8 اِتَّحَفَهُ: see above. [Perhaps originally اِوْتَحَفَهُ: see what follows.]

تُحْفَةٌ and تُحَفَةٌ (S, Msb, K, &c.) i. q. بِرٌّ [as meaning A gratuitous gift, or favour; or a bounty, or benefit]; and لَطَفٌ [meaning a present; i. e. a thing sent to another in token of courtesy or honour]; (K;) in some copies of the K, لُطْف; (TA;) [i. e.] التحفة signifies مَا أَتْحَفْتَ بِهِ الرَّجُلَ مِنَ البِرِّ وَاللَّطَفِ; (S;) or [simply] مَا أَتْحَفْتَ بِهِ غَيْرَكَ: (Msb:) and a طُرْفَة [which properly signifies a gift not given to any one before; or of which the recipient did not possess the like, and which pleases him;] (K, TA;) of fruit, and of sweet-smelling flowers: (TA:) [it generally means simply a present; or a rare, or pleasing, or rare and pleasing, present:] pl. تُحَفٌ. (S, K.) Accord. to some, it is originally وُحْفَةٌ: (K, TA:) Az says that its ت is originally و: (Msb:) and تَوَحَّفَ is quasi-pass. of أَتْحَفَهُ: (Lth, TA:) so that it should be mentioned in art. وحف: (K, TA:) being like تُهَمَةٌ and تُخَمَةٌ &c. (TA.) It is said in a trad., تُحْفَةُ الصَّائِمِ الدُّهْنُ وَ المِجْمَرُ [The pleasing present for the faster is oil, and aloes-wood or the like]; i. e., these dispel from him the grievousness and distress occasioned by the fasting. (TA.) And in another, respecting dates, تُحْفَةُ الكَبِيرِ وَصُمْتَةُ الصَّغِيرِ [i. e. The date is the pleasing gift for the big, or full-grown, or old, and the quieter of the little one, or child]. (TA.) And in another, تُحْفَةُ المُؤْمِنِ المَوْتُ [The boon for the believer is death]. (TA.)

طبع

1 طَبَعَ, aor. ـَ inf. n. طَبْعٌ, He sealed, stamped, imprinted, or impressed; syn. خَتَمَ: (Msb:) [and, as now used, he printed a book or the like:] تَبْعٌ and خَتْمٌ both signify the making an impression in, or upon, clay and the like: (S, Mgh, O, K:) or, as Er-Rághib says, the impressing a thing with the engraving of the signet and stamp: (TA in this art. and in art. ختم: [see more in the first paragraph of the latter art:]) and he says also that طَبْعٌ signifies the figuring a thing with some particular figure; as in the case of the طَبْع of the die for stamping coins, and the طَبْع of coins [themselves]: but that it is more general in signification than خَتْمٌ, and more particular than نَقْشٌ; as will be shown by what follows: accord. to Aboo-Is-hák the Grammarian, طَبْعٌ and خَتْمٌ both signify the covering over a thing, and securing oneself from a thing's entering it: and IAth says [in like manner] that they held طَبْعٌ to be syn. with رَيْنٌ [inf. n. of رَانَ]: but Mujáhid says that رَيْنٌ denotes less than طَبْعٌ; and طَبْعٌ, less than إِقْفَالٌ [or the “ closing with a lock: ” this he says with reference to a phrase in the Kur xlvii. 26]. (TA.) You say, طَبَعَ الكِتَابَ, (Mgh, Msb,) and طَبَعَ عَلَى

الكِتَابِ, (S, Mgh, Msb, K, *) He sealed (خَتَمَ, S, Mgh, Msb, K,) the writing, or letter. (S, Mgh, Msb.) And طَبَعَ He branded, or otherwise marked, the sheep, or goat. (O. [See طَابَعٌ.]) And طَبَعَ اللّٰهُ عَلَى قَلْبِهِ (tropical:) God sealed [or set a seal upon] his [i. e. an unbeliever's] heart, so that he should not heed admonition, nor be disposed to that which is good; (Mgh;) or so that belief should not enter it: (O:) [and in like manner, خَتَمَ عَلَيْهِ, q. v.:] in this, regard is had to the طَبْع, and the طَبِيعَة, which is the natural constitution or disposition; for it denotes the characterizing of the soul with some particular quality or qualities, either by creation or by habit, and more especially by creation. (Er-Rághib, TA.) b2: Also He began to make, or manufacture, a thing: and he made [a thing] as in instances here following. (Mgh.) You say, طَبَعَ مِنَ الطِّينِ جَرَّةً He made, [or fashioned, or moulded,] of the clay, a jar. (S, O, K.) And طَبَعَ اللَّبِنَ, (Mgh, TA,) and السَّيْفَ, (S, Mgh, O, K,) and الدِّرْهَمُ, (S, O, K,) He made (S, Mgh, O, K) [the crude bricks, and the sword, and the dirhem]: or طَبَعَ الدَّرَاهِمَ he struck (Mgh, Msb) with the die (Msb) [i. e. coined, or minted,] the dirhems, or money. (Mgh, Msb.) And [hence] one says, طَبَقَهُ اللّٰهُ عَلَى الأَمْرِ, aor. and inf. n. as above, (assumed tropical:) God created him with an adaptation, or a disposition, to the thing, affair, state, condition, or case; or adapted him, or disposed him, by creation, [or nature], thereto. (TA.) And طُبِعَ عَلَى الشَّىْءِ (assumed tropical:) He (a man, O, TA) was created with an adaptation, or a disposition, to the thing; or was adapted, or disposed, by creation [or nature], thereto; syn. جُبِلَ, (IDrd, O, K, TA,) or فُطِرَ. (Lh, TA.) b3: Also, (aor. as above, TA, and so the inf. n., O, TA,) He filled (Er-Rághib, O, K, TA) a measure for corn or the like, (Er-Rághib, TA,) or a leathern bucket, (O, K, TA,) and a skin, (O, TA,) &c.; (O;) and so ↓ طبّع, (S, O, K,) inf. n. تَطْبِيعٌ: (S, O:) because the quantity that fills it is a sign that prevents the taking a portion of what is in it [without the act's being discovered]. (Er-Rághib, TA.) b4: And طَبَعَ قَفَاهُ, (IAar, O, K,) inf. n. as above, (IAar, O,) He struck the back of his neck with his hand; (IAar, O, K;) i. e. the back of the neck of a boy: if with the ends of the fingers, one says, قَذَّ قَفَاهُ. (IAar, O.) b5: مَا أَدْرِى مِنْ أَيْنَ طَبَعَ means I know not whence he came forth; syn. طَلَعَ. (TA.) A2: طَبِعَ, (aor.

طَبَعَ,] inf. n. طَبَعٌ, said of a sword, It was, or became, rusty, or overspread with rust: (S:) or very rusty, or overspread with much rust. (K, TA: from an explanation of the aor. : but this is written in the CK and in my MS. copy of the K, and in the O, يُطْبَعُ. [An explanation of طَبَعٌ in the O and K confirms the reading يَطْبَعُ; and another confirmation thereof will be found in what follows in this paragraph.]) b2: Said of a thing, (Msb,) or of a garment, or piece of cloth, (TA,) inf. n. طَبَعٌ, It was, or became, dirty; (Msb, TA;) and ↓ تطّبع is likewise said [in the same sense] of a garment, or piece of cloth. (M and TA voce رَانَ, in art. رين.) b3: Said of a man, (assumed tropical:) He was or became, filthy or foul [in character]. (S.) And (assumed tropical:) He was, or became, sluggish, lazy, or indolent. (S.) One says of a man, يَطْبَعُ, (O, K,) like يَفْرَحُ, (K,) meaning (assumed tropical:) He has no penetrative energy, sharpness, or effectiveness, in the affairs that are the means, or causes, of attaining honour, like the sword that is overspread with much rust. (O, K.) A3: طُبِعَ, (O, K,) inf. n. طَبْعٌ, (O,) said of a man, (assumed tropical:) He was rendered [or pronounced] filthy or foul [in character]; (O, K;) on the authority of Sh; (O;) and so طَبِعَ, like فَرِحَ; (TA as on the authority of Sh; [but this I think doubtful;]) and disgraced, or dishonoured: (K:) and ↓ طُبِّعَ, (O, TA,) inf. n. تَطْبِيعٌ, (TA,) he was rendered [or pronounced] filthy or foul [in character], (O, TA,) and blamed, or discommended. (O.) 2 طبّع, inf. n. تَطْبِيعٌ, He sealed well [or much, or he sealed a number of writings &c.]. (KL: in which only the inf. n. is mentioned.) b2: And He loaded [a beast heavily, or] well. (KL.) b3: See also 1, a little after the middle.

A2: تَطْبِيعٌ signifies also The rendering unclean, dirty, filthy, or impure. (O, K.) b2: See 1, last sentence.5 تطبّع (assumed tropical:) He affected what was not in his natural disposition. (Har p. 236.) You say, تطبّع بِطِبَاعِهِ (tropical:) He affected, or feigned, his [i. e. another's] natural dispositions. (O, K, TA.) b2: Also It (a vessel) became full or filled: (S, O, K:) quasi-pass. of طبّعهُ. (S.) And تطبّع بِالمَآءِ It (a river, or rivulet,) overflowed its sides with the water, and poured it forth abundantly. (TA.) b3: See also 1, last quarter.7 يَذُوبُ وَيَنْطَبِعُ, a phrase of Es-Sarakhsee, meaning [It melts, and then] it admits of being sealed, stamped, imprinted, or impressed, is allowable on the ground of analogy, though we have not heard it [as transmitted from the Arabs of pure speech]. (Mgh.) b2: [Golius has erroneously expl. انطبع as meaning “ Mansuetus, edoctus, obsequens fuit; ” on the authority of the KL; evidently in consequence of his having found its inf. n. (اِنْطِبَاعٌ) written in a copy of that work for اِنْطِياعٌ, the reading in my own copy.]8 الاِطِّبَاعُ for الاِضْطِبَاعُ see in art ضبع.

طَبْعٌ, originally an inf. n., (S,) signifies (assumed tropical:) A nature; or a natural, a native, or an innate, disposition or temper or the like; or an idiosyncrasy; syn. سَجِيَّةٌ (S, O, K, TA) or جِبِلَّةٌ (Msb) and خَلِيقَةٌ; (TA;) to which a man is adapted by creation; (S, O, Msb, K, TA;) [as though it were stamped, or impressed, upon him;] as also ↓ طَبِيعَةٌ; (S, O, K, TA;) or this signifies his مِزَاج [i. e. constitution, or temperament, or aggregate natural constituents], composed of the [four] humours; (Msb; [see مِزَاجٌ;]) and ↓ طِبَاعٌ; (S, O, K, TA;) or this last signifies, (K,) or signifies also, (O,) with the article ال prefixed to it, what is, or are, constituted in us in consequence of food and drink &c. (مَا رُكِّبَ فِينَا مِنَ المَطْعَمِ وَالمَشْرَبِ وَغْيَرِ ذٰلِكَ [in which مطعم and مشرب are evidently used as inf. ns. agreeably with general analogy]), (O, K, TA,) by غير ذلك being meant such as straitness and ampleness [of circumstances], and niggardliness and liberality, (TA,) of the natural dispositions that are inseparable from us; (O, K, TA;) and this word is fem., (O, TA,) like طَبِيعَةٌ, as is said in the M; or it is sing. and masc. accord. to Abu-l-Kásim Ez-Zejjájee; and it is also pl. of طَبْعٌ, as it is said to be by Az; (TA;) [and those who have asserted it to be fem. may have held it to be a pl.;] and ↓ طَابِعٌ is syn. with طِبَاعٌ [as a sing.]; (K, TA;) or, as Lh says, it is syn. with

↓ طَبِيعَةٌ; of which the pl. is طَبَائِعُ. (TA.) b2: Also (assumed tropical:) Model, make, fashion, or mould: as in the saying, اِضْرِبْهُ عَلَى طَبْعِ هٰذَا (assumed tropical:) [Make thou it, fashion it, or mould it, according to the model, make, fashion, or mould, of this]. (IAar, O, L, K, TA.) طِبْعٌ A river, or rivulet; (As, T, S, O, K, TA;) so called because first dug [and filled] by men; having the meaning of مَطْبُوعٌ, like قطْفٌ in the sense of مَقْطُوفٌ; not applied to any of those cleft by God, such as the Tigris and the Euphrates and the Nile and the like thereof: (Az, TA:) pl. أَطْبَاعٌ [properly a pl. of pauc.,] (As, S, O,) or طُبُوعٌ, as heard by Az from the Arabs, and طِبَاعٌ: (TA:) or الطِّبْعُ, as some say, is the name of a particular river: (S, O:) or it is also thus applied, i. e. to a particular river. (K.) b2: And i. q. مَغِيضُ مَآءٍ [i. e. A place where water sinks, or goes away, into the earth; or where water enters into the earth; and where it collects]: (O, K:) pl. أَطْبَاعٌ. (O, TA.) b3: And The quantity sufficient for the filling of a measure for corn or the like, and of a skin, (O, K, TA, [والسِّقآءُ in the CK being a mistake for وَالسِّقَآءِ,]) such as does not admit of any addition: and the quantity that a vessel holds, of water. (TA.) A2: See also the next paragraph, in two places.

طَبَعٌ Dirtiness, (S, Msb,) or dirt: (S:) or, as also ↓ طِبْعٌ, rustiness, or rust, (O, K, TA,) upon iron; (TA;) and dirtiness, or dirt, (O, K, TA,) covering the sword: (TA:) or the former signifies much dirtiness or dirt, from rust: (Lth, O, K:) pl. أَطْبَاعٌ. (K. [See طَبِعَ, of which طَبَعٌ is the inf. n.]) b2: Also (tropical:) Disgrace, or dishonour; (A'Obeyd, O, K, TA;) and so ↓ طِيْعٌ; (TA;) it is in religion, or in respect of worldly things. (A'Obeyd, TA.) Thábit-Kutneh says, in a verse ascribed by Et-Tanookhee to 'Orweh Ibn-Udheyneh, لَا خَيْرَ فِى طَمَعٍ يَهْدِى إِلَى طَبَعٍ

وَغُفَّةٌ مِنْ قِوَامِ العَيْشِ تَكْفِينِى

[There is no good in coveting, or covetousness, that leads to disgrace: and a sufficiency of the means of subsistence contents me]: (O, TA:) يَهْدِى in this case means يُؤَدِّى. (O.) طَبِعٌ Rusty; applied to a sword. (TA.) b2: Dirty. (Msb.) b3: Applied to a man, (O,) (tropical:) Filthy, or foul, base, ignoble, mean, or sordid, in disposition; that will not be ashamed of an evil action or saying. (O, K, TA.) b4: And (assumed tropical:) Sluggish, lazy, or indolent. (TA.) طُبْعَانُ الأَمِيرِ The clay with which the prince, or governor, seals. (O, K.) طِبَاعٌ, as a sing. and a pl.: see طِبْعٌ.

طِبَاعَةٌ The art, or craft, of the طَبَّاع, or manufacturer of swords, (O, K, TA,) or of knives, or of spear-heads, or the like. (TA.) b2: [Also, as used in the present day, The art of printing.]

طَبِيعَةٌ: see طَبْعٌ, in two places. [It generally signifies] The مِزَاج [or nature, as meaning the constitution, or temperament, or aggregate natural constituents, of an animal body, or any other thing, for instance,] of medicine, and of fire, which God has rendered subservient [to some purpose or purposes]. (TA.) [Hence the phrase يَبَسَتْ طَبِيعَتُهُ, meaning He became costive. and الطَّبَائِعُ الأَرْبَعُ The four humours of the body: see خِلْطٌ and مِزَاجٌ.]

طَبِيعِىٌّ Natural; i. e. of, or relating to, the natural, native, or innate, disposition, or temper, or other quality or property; like جِبِلِّىٌّ; meaning essential; resulting from the Creator's ordering of the natural disposition in the body. (Msb in art. جبل.) [Hence, العِلْمُ الطَّبِيعِىُّ Natural, or physical, science.]

طَبَّاعٌ A manufacturer of swords, (O, K, TA,) or of knives, or of spear-heads, or the like. (TA.) طَبُّوعٌ A certain venomous دُوَيْبَّة [or insect]: (El-Jáhidh, O, K, TA:) or, (K,) as said to Az by a man of Egypt, an insect (دُوَيْبَّة) (O) of the same kind as the قِرْدَان [or ticks], (O, K,) but (O) the bite of which occasions intense pain; (O, K;) and sometimes, or often, he that is bitten by it becomes swollen [app. in the part bitten], and is relieved by sweet things: Az says that it is with the Arabs [called, or what is called,] the نِبْر [which is expl. as meaning the tick; or an insect resembling the tick, which, when it creeps upon the camel, causes the track along which it creeps to swell; or as being smaller than the tick, that bites, and causes the place of its bite to swell; &c.]: (O:) [accord. to Dmr, as stated by Freytag, i. q. قَمْقَامَةٌ, which is expl. as applied to a small tick; and a species of louse, that clings tightly to the roots of the hair, app. meaning a crab-louse:] what is known thereof [or by this appellation] now is a thing of the form of a small emaciated tick, that sticks to the body of a man, and is hardly, or not at all, severed, except by the application of mercury. (TA.) طِبِّيعٌ The heart (لُبّ) of the طَلْع [as meaning the spathe of the palm-tree]; (O, K;) so called because of its fulness; expl. in a trad. of El-Hasan El-Basree as meaning the طَلْع [i. e., in this case, agreeably with general usage, the spadix of the palm-tree] in its كُفُرَّى [i. e. spathe], the كُفُرُّى being the envelope of the طَلْع. (O, TA.) طَابَعٌ and ↓ طَابِعٌ (S, O, Msb, K, &c.) i. q. خَاتَمٌ (S, O) and خَاتِمٌ (O) [meaning A signet, seal, or stamp; i. e.] a thing with which one seals, stamps, imprints, or impresses: (Msb, TA:) [and also a seal, or stamp, as meaning a piece of clay or wax or the like, or a place in a paper &c., impressed, or imprinted, with the instrument thus called:] and accord. to ISh, the former, (O,) or each, (K,) signifies the مِيسَم [which means the instrument for the branding or otherwise marking, and the brand or other mark,] of the فَرَائِض [or beasts that are to be given in payment of the poor-rate: see طَبَعَ الشَّاةَ]. (O, K.) One says, ↓ الطَّابِعُ طَابِعٌ [The signet, &c., is a thing that seals, &c.]; which is like the attribution of the act to the instrument. (Er-Rághib, TA.) And كَلَامٌ عَلَيْهِ طَابَعُ الفَصَاحَةِ (tropical:) [Language upon which is the stamp of chasteness, or perspicuity, &c.]. (TA.) طَابِعٌ: see the next preceding paragraph, in two places: b2: and see also طَبْعٌ.

مَطْبَعٌ A place where anything is sealed, stamped, imprinted, or impressed. And, as used in the present day, A printing-house; as also مَطْبَعَةٌ.]

مُطْبَعَةٌ, applied to a she-camel: see the next paragraph.

مُطَبَّعٌ Filled: so its fem. in the phrase قِرْبَةٌ مُطَبَّعَةٌ طَعَامًا [A skin filled with food]. (TA.) b2: And مُطَبَّعَةٌ applied to a she-camel, Filled with fat and flesh, so as to be rendered firm in make: (Az, TA:) or [simply] fat. (Z, TA.) b3: And, (TA,) so applied, Heavily laden; (S, O, K, TA;) and [in like manner] ↓ مُطْبَعَةٌ a she-camel heavily burdened by her load. (TA.) b4: and مُهْرٌ مُطَبَّعٌ A colt trained, or rendered tractable or manageable. (TA.) مُطْبُوعٌ [pass. part. n. of طَبَعَ in all its senses]. b2: You say, هُوَ مَطْبُوعٌ عَلَى الكَرَمِ (tropical:) [He is created with an adaptation, or a disposition, to generosity]. (TA.)

بعث

1 بَعْثٌ signifies The removing of that which restrains one from free action. (TA.) [and hence,] b2: بَعَثَهُ, (S, A, &c.,) aor. ـَ (A, K,) inf. n. بَعَثٌ (Mgh, L, Msb, TA) and بَعَثٌ, (L, TA,) He sent him; (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K;) namely, a messenger; (Msb;) and, when said of God, an apostle; (A;) [and when said of a man, a letter, &c.;] as also ↓ ابتعثه: (S, A, Msb, K:) [or] the former is said of anything that goes, or is sent, by itself; and of anything that will not go, or be sent, by itself, as a letter, and a present, one says, بَعَثَ بِهِ: (Msb:) [thus,] بَعَثَهُ signifies he sent him, or it, alone, by himself, or by itself; and بَعَثَ بِهِ, he sent him, or it, by, or with, another, or others: (L:) but El-Fárábee says that the former of these two has another signification, which will be found below; and that the latter signifies he sent him, or it. (Msb.) Hence, ضُرِبَ عَلَيْهِمُ البَعْثُ The being sent to the war was appointed them and imposed upon them as an obligation. (Msb.) You say, بَعَثَهُ لِكَذَا [He sent him for such a thing or purpose]. (A, TA.) [And بَعَثَ إِلَيْهِ بِكَذَا He sent to him such a thing; lit., he sent to him a messenger with such a thing.] And بَعَثَ الجُنْدَ إِلَى الغَزْوِ [He sent the army to the war]. (TA.) And بَعَثَ عَلَيْهِمُ البَلَآءَ [He sent upon them trial, or affliction;] he caused trial, or affliction, to befall them. (TA.) b3: Also, (A, L, TA,) inf. بَعْثٌ (Mgh, L, TA) and بَعَثٌ (L) and تَبْعَاثٌ [an intensive form], (TA,) He roused him, excited him, or put him in motion or action; (A, L, Mgh, TA;) namely, anything; (TA;) [i. e. any person or animal; and particularly,] an animal lying down, or a person sitting. (L, TA.) You say, بَعَثَ النَّاقَةَ He roused, or put in motion or action, the she-camel; (S, Mgh, K, TA;) i. e., loosed the cord that bound her shank to her arm, and dismissed her; or he roused her, or made her to rise, she being lying down. (TA.) It is said in a trad. respecting 'Áïsheh, فَبَعَثْنَا البَعِيرَ فإِذَا العِقْدُ تَحْتَهُ [And we made the camel to rise, and to, the necklace was beneath him]. (TA.) You say also, بَعَثَهُ عَلَى الأَمْرِ, (A,) or الشَّىْءِ, (L,) He roused him, excited him, or put him in motion or action, to do the affair, or thing: (A:) or he incited him, urged him, or instigated him, to do the thing. (L.) b4: Also, accord. to El-Fárábee, (Msb,) or بَعَثَهُ مِنْ مَنَامِهِ, (S, A, K,) inf. n. بَعَثٌ and بَعَثٌ, (TA,) He roused him, or awoke him, from his sleep; (S, A, Msb, K;) as also ↓ ابتعثهُ. (TA, from a trad.) b5: بَعْثٌ (S, K, TA) and بَعَثٌ (TA) also signify The quickening, vivifying, or revivifying, of the dead; the raising of the dead to life; (S, K, * TA;) by God, (TA,) on the day called يَوْمُ البَعْثِ (S, TA) the day [of resurrection,] when those who are in the graves shall be raised. (A, Mgh.) You say, بَعَثَ اللّٰهُ الخَلْقَ, and المَوْتَى, God quickened, vivified, revivified, or raised to life, mankind, and the dead. (TA.) A2: بَعِثَ, aor. ـَ (inf. n. بَعَثٌ, TK,) He (a man, TA) was sleepless, or wakeful. (K, * TA.) [See بَعِثٌ.]5 تَبَعَّثَ see 7, in two places.6 تَبَاعَثُوا [They roused, excited, incited, urged, or instigated, one another; or put one another in motion or action; to do a thing]. One says, تَوَاصَوْا بِالخَيْرِ وَ تَبَاعَثُوا عَلَيْهِ [Enjoin ye, or charge ye, one another to do good, and rouse ye, or excite ye, &c., one another to do it]. (A.) 7 انبعث He became sent; [i. e. he went, being sent;] quasi-pass. of بَعَثَهُ, as signifying “he sent him:” (S, Msb, K:) he rose, and went away: (TA:) he rose to go forth. (Bd in ix. 46.) You say, انبعث لِكَذَا [He went, being sent, or he rose, and went away. or he rose to go forth, for such a thing or purpose]. (A, TA.) and انبعث فُلَانٌ لِشَأْنِهِ Such a one rose, and went away, to perform his affair. (TA.) And انبعث فِى

السَّيْرِ He hastened, made haste, sped, or was quick or swift, in going, journeying, or pace. (S.) And انبعث الشَّيْءُ, i. e. اِنْدَفَعَ [The thing became impelled, or propelled; or went quickly, or swiftly, as though impelled or propelled; &c.]; as also ↓ تبعّث. (TA.) [Thus] you say, انبعث المَآءُ [The water poured out, or forth, as though impelled or propelled]. (TA in art. فجر; &c.) and [hence,] مِنِّىَ الشِّعْرُ ↓ تبعّث, i. e. انبعث [The poetry issued quickly from me], as though it flowed (كَأَنَّهُ سَالَ): so in the S and K: but in some of the copies of the S, in the place of سَالَ, we find سَارَ. (TA.) And انبعث بِشَرٍّ [He broke forth with evil, or mischief]. (JK in art. بوق.) b2: [He became roused, excited, incited, urged, instigated, or put in motion or action.] You say, انبعثت النَّاقَةُ The she-camel became roused, or put in motion or action, and rose: (L, Mgh, TA: *) quasi-pass. of بَعَثَ النَّاقَةَ [q. v.]. (Mgh, TA.) And فُلَانٌ كَسْلَانٌ لَا بَنْبَعِثُ [Such a one is sluggish, lazy, or indolent: he will not become roused, &c.]. (A.) b3: He became roused, or awakened, from his sleep; or he awoke from his sleep. (TA.) 8 إِبْتَعَثَ see 1, in two places.

بَعْثٌ an inf. n. used as a pass. part. n.; Sent; as also ↓ بَعِيثٌ and ↓ مَبْعوثٌ: pl. of the first بُعُوثٌ; and of the second بُعُثٌ. (L, TA.) b2: And [used as a subst., signifying] A person sent; a messenger: pl. بَعْثَانٌ. (L.) You say also, مُحَمَّدٌ خَيْرُ

↓ مَبْعُوثٍ and ↓ مُبْتَعَثٍ [Mohammad is the best person that has been sent]. (A.) And ↓ بَعَيثُكَ نِعْمَةً, i. e. ↓ مَبْعُوثُكَ [He whom Thou (O God) hast sent (namely Mohammad) as a boon, or benefit, or favour]. (L, from a trad. [The latter word (نعمة) is written in the L without any syll. signs; but the context shows that it is in the accus. case as a specificative.]) b3: A people sent from one place to another; as also ↓ بَعَثٌ: (L, TA:) a people sent in any direction; a word similar to سَفْرٌ and رَكْبٌ. (TA.) بَعْثُ النَّارِ, occurring in a trad., means The people sent to the fire [of Hell]. (L.) b4: An army; (S, Mgh, Msb, K;) because sent; (Mgh;) as also ↓ بَعَثٌ (K) and ↓ بَعِيثٌ: (TA:) pl. of the first بُعُوثٌ; (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K;) and of the last بُعُثٌ: (TA:) the first, [as also the second,] an inf. n. used as a subst. (Msb.) You say, كُنْتُ فِى بَعْثِ فُلَانٍ

I was in the army of such a one, that was sent with him. (S.) And خَرَجَ فِى البُعُوثِ He went forth among the forces that were sent to the frontiers. (A.) b5: See also بَعِثٌ.

بُعْثٌ: see بَعْثٌ.

بَعَثٌ: see بَعْثٌ, in two places: b2: and see what next follows.

بَعِثٌ (A, L, K) and ↓ بَعْثٌ (L, TA) and ↓ بُعْثٌ, (L,) or ↓ بَعَثٌ, (TA,) Sleepless, or wakeful: (K:) a man incessantly, (A,) or often, (TA,) awaking from his sleep: (A, TA:) a man whose anxieties, or griefs, incessantly render him sleepless, or wakeful, and awake him from his sleep: pl. أَبْعاثٌ. (TA.) بَعْثَةٌ [inf. n. of un. of 1; and particularly signifying] An occasion, or occurrence, of raising, rousing, exciting, stirring up, or provoking, of sedition, or the like: pl. بَعَثَاتٌ. (TA, from a trad.) بَعِيثٌ: see بَعْثٌ, in three places.

بَاعِثٌ [act. part. n. of 1; Sending: &c. b2: and hence, Occasioning, or causing: an occasion, or a cause; and a motive]. b3: البَاعِثُ one of the names [or epithets] of God; The Quickener of mankind after death, on the day of resurrection. (TA.) البَاعُوثُ, (L, K,) or, accord. to some, البَاغُوتُ, q. v., with the pointed غ and the double-pointed ت, (TA,) [The Christian festival of Easter;] the اِسْتِسْقَآء of the Christians; (K;) or [rather] what is to the Christians as the استسقآء is to the Muslims: a Syriac word. (L.) مَبْعَثٌ [a noun of place and of time from 1; A place, and a time, of sending: &c. Hence, المَبْعَثُ is particularly applied to The time of the mission of Mohammad: and it is also applied to the mission itself]. (A, TA.) مَبْعُوثٌ: see بَعْثٌ, in three places.

مُبْتَعَثٌ: see بَعْثٌ.

غلب

1 غَلَبَهُ, (S, Msb,) [and غَلَبَ عَلَيْهِ,] aor. ـِ (Msb,) inf. n. غَلَبٌ and غَلْبٌ, (S, K, TA,) the former of which is the more chaste, (TA,) or the latter is an inf. n. and the former is a simple subst., (Msb,) and غَلَبَةٌ, (S, K, TA,) [the most common form,] or this is a simple subst. like غَلَبٌ, (Msb,) which is perhaps formed from it by the elision of the ة, (Fr, S,) and مَغْلَبٌ and مَغْلَبَةٌ, (K, TA,) which last is rare, (TA,) and غَلَابِيَةٌ and [in an intensive sense] غُلُبَّى and غِلِبَّى (K, TA) and غُلُبَّةٌ (Lh, K, TA, said in the S to be syn. with غَلَبَةٌ) and غَلُبَّةٌ, with fet-h to the غ, (K, TA, in the CK غلَبَّة,) and غِلِبَّآءُ, (Kr, TA,) He, or it, overcame, conquered, subdued, overpowered, mastered, or surpassed, him, or it; gained ascendency or the mastery, prevailed, or predominated, over him, or it; or was, or became, superior in power or force or influence, to him, or it. (A, MA, K, PS, TK, &c.) [See also 5.] b2: One says, غَلَبْتُهُ عَلَيْهِ meaning [I overcame him in contending for it; i. e.] I took it, or obtained it, from him [by superior power or force]. (A.) And غُلِبَ فُلَانٌ عَلَى الشَّىْءِ Such a one had the thing taken from him by superior power or force. (Mgh.) Hence the saying, لَا تُغْلَبُوا عَلَى صَلَاةٍ

قَبْلَ طُلُوعِ الشَّمْسِ وَقَبْلَ غُرُوبِهَا Be not ye overcome and anticipated by others in performing prayer before the rising of the sun and before its setting, so that the opportunity for your doing so escape you. (Mgh.) b3: And غَلَبَهُ عَلَى نَفْسِهِ He forced him, or constrained him against his will. (A, TA.) b4: [And غَلَبَهُ الأَمْرُ The affair overcame, defeated, or baffled, him.] b5: And غَلَبَهُ بِالخَوْفِ He exceeded him in fear. (S in art. خوف.) b6: and غَلَبَ عَلَى فُلَانٍ الكَرَمُ Generosity was, or became, the predominant quality of such a one. (TA.) b7: And غَلَبَ أَنْ يُخْطَمَ [He refused to have the خِطَام (or leading-rope) put upon him]; said of a camel. (TA in art. خطم.) b8: And أَيُغْلَبُ أَحَدُكُمْ

أَنْ يُصَاحِبَ النَّاسَ مَعْرُوفًا meaning أَيَعْجِزُ [i. e. Is any one of you unable to associate with men kindly?]. (A.) A2: غَلِبَ, aor. ـَ (K, TA,) inf. n. غَلَبٌ, (S, * TA,) He was, or became, thick-necked: (K, TA:) or thick and short in the neck: or thick and inclining in the neck: from disease or other cause. (TA.) 2 غَلَّبْتُهُ عَلَيْهِ, inf. n. تَغْلِيبٌ, [I made him to overcome, conquer, subdue, overpower, master, or surpass, him, or it; &c.: see 1: and] I made him to gain the mastery over it, or to obtain possession of it, (namely, a town, or country,) by [superior power or] force. (S.) b2: And غُلِّبَ عَلَى صَاحِبِهِ He (a poet) was judged to have overcome his fellow. (TA.) [See مُغَلَّبٌ.] b3: [غَلَّبَ لَفْظًَا عَلَى لَفْظٍ آخَرَ, a conventional phrase of the lexicologists, means He made a word to predominate over another word; as in القَمَرَانِ for الشَّمْسُ وَالقَمَرُ; and سِرْنَا عَشْرًا for سِرْنَا عَشْرَ لَيَالٍ

بِأَيَّامِهَا: of the former instance you say, فِيهِ تَغْلِيبُ القَمَرِ عَلَى الشَّمْسِ In it is the attribution of predominance to the moon over the sun; and in the latter, فيه تَغْلِيبُ اللَّيْلِ عَلَى النَّهَارِ In it is the attribution of predominance to the night over the day. See more in Kull p. 115.]3 غالبهُ [He vied, contended, or strove, with him, to overcome, conquer, subdue, overpower, master, or surpass, &c., (see 1,) or for victory, or superiority], inf. n. مُغَالَبَةٌ and غِلَابٌ. (S, Msb, TA.) You say, غَالَبْتُهُ فَغَلَبْتُهُ [I vied, contended, or strove, with him, to overcome, &c., and I overcame him.

&c.]. (O.) And Kaab Ibn-Málik says, هَمَّتْ سَخِينَةُ أَنْ تُغَالِبَ رَبَّهَا وَلَيُغْلَبَنَّ مُغَالِبُ الغَلَّابِ

[Sakheeneh (a by-name of the tribe of Kureysh) proposed to themselves to contend for victory with their Lord: but he who contends for victory with the very victorious will assuredly be overcome]. (TA.) 5 تغلّب عَلَى بَلَدِ كَذَا He gained the mastery over such a town, or country, or obtained possession of it, by [superior power or] force. (S, K, *) 6 تغالبوا عَلَى البَلَدِ [They vied, contended, or strove, one with another, against the town, or country, to take it]. (A.) 10 استغلب عَلَيهِ الضَّحِكُ Laughter became vehement in its effect upon him. (TA.) 12 اغلولب العُشْبُ The fresh, or green, herbage attained to maturity, and became tangled and luxuriant, or abundant and dense: (S:) or became compact and dense. (TA.) غَلَبَةٌ an inf. n. of غَلَبَ, (S, K, TA,) or a simple subst. (Msb.) [It is much used as a subst., signifying The act of overcoming, conquering, subduing, &c.; (see 1;) victory, conquest, ascendency, mastery, prevalence, predominance, superiority. or superior power or force or influence; success in a contest; or the act of taking, or obtaining, by superior power or force.]

A2: And pl. of غَالِبٌ. (TA.) غُلَبَةٌ: see what next follows.

غُلُبَّةٌ and غَلُبَّةٌ and غَلَبَّةٌ: see what next follows.

غُلُبَّى and غِلِبَّى: see what next follows.

غَلَّابٌ (S, O) and ↓ غُلَبَةٌ (O) and ↓ غُلُبَّةٌ and ↓ غَلُبَّةٌ (O, TA) and ↓ غَلَبَّةٌ (O) and ↓ غُلُبَّى and ↓ غِلِبَّى, (Fr, O,) [all of which except the first and second, and app. the fifth, are originally inf. ns.,] A man who overcomes, conquers, subdues, overpowers, masters, or surpasses, much, or often, (S, O, TA,) and quickly; (O;) [very, or speedily, or very and speedily, victorious:] or the third, accord to As, signifies a man who overcomes, or conquers, &c., quickly: (S:) pl. of the first غَلَّابُونَ. (TA.) رَجُلٌ غَالِبٌ A man who overcomes, conquers, subdues, overpowers, masters, or surpasses; or overcoming, &c.: pl. غَلَبَةٌ. (TA.) b2: اِسْمٌ غَالِبٌ A noun [used predominantly in one of its senses,] such as دَابَّةٌ applied to “ a horse,” and مَالٌ applied to “ camels. ” (TA in art. سنه.) And صِفَةٌ غَالِبَةٌ [i. e. غَالِبَةٌ اسْمِيَّتُهَا, or غَلَبَتْ عَلَيْهَا الاِسْمِيَّةُ,] An epithet [in which the quality of a substantive is predominant,] such as حَاجِبٌ applied to “ a doorkeeper. ” (TA in art. حجب.) b3: [And الغَالِبُ signifies also The most, or the most part; and the generality: whence, غَالِبًا and فِى الغَالِبِ meaning Mostly, or for the most part: in which sense ↓ فى الأغْلَبِ is sometimes used: and generally. b4: And What is most probable: whence, غَالِبًا and فِى الغَالِبِ meaning Most probably.]

أَغَْلَبُ [More, and most, overcoming or conquering &c.: fem. غَلْبَآءُ: and pl. غُلْبٌ]. One says قَبِيلَةٌ غَلْبَآءُ A [most overcoming or] mighty, resistive, tribe. (K.) And عِزَّةٌ غَلْبَآءُ [Most overpowering might]. (S.) b2: See also غَالِبٌ.

A2: Also Thick-necked, (S, TA,) applied to a man: (S:) [or thick and short in the neck: or thick and inclining in the neck: (see 1, last sentence:)] fem.

غَلْبَآءُ, applied to a she-camel: and pl. غُلْبٌ. (TA.) And Thick, applied to a neck. (Lh, TA.) b2: [Hence,] حَدِيقَةٌ غَلْبَآءُ (tropical:) [A garden, or walled garden, &c.,] of tangled and luxuriant, or abundant and dense, trees: (S:) or of compact and dense trees; as also ↓ مُغْلَوْلِبَةٌ. (K, TA.) In the phrase حَدَائِقَ غُلْبًا in the Kur [lxxx. 30], the epithet is expl by Bd as meaning (tropical:) Large. (TA.) And the fem. is applied to a [mountain, or hill, such as is termed] هَضْبَة, (S, TA,) meaning (tropical:) Lofty and great. (TA.) b3: And الأَغْلَبُ meansThe lion [app. because of the thickness of his neck]. (K.) مَغْلَبَةٌ A place where one is overcome, or conquered. (Freytag, from the Deewán of the Hudhalees.)]

مُغَلَّبٌ Overcome, conquered, &c., repeatedly, several times, or many times; (S, A, K, TA;) applied to a poet: (A:) and (so applied, S, A, TA) judged to have overcome (S, A, * K, TA) his fellow, (S, TA,) much, or often: (A:) thus having two contr. significations: (S, K:) an epithet of praise as well as of dispraise: (O:) or, when the Arabs say of a poet that he is مُغَلَّب, the meaning is that he is overcome; but if they say, غُلِّبَ فُلَانٌ, the meaning is, such a one has [been judged to have] overcome: thus they say, غُلِّبَتْ لَيْلَى الأَخْيَلِيَّةُ عَلَى نَابِغَةِ بَنِى جَعْدَةَ, for she overcame him, and he ([En-Nábighah] El-Jaadee) was مُغَلَّب. (Mohammad Ibn-Selám, TA.) مَغْلُوبٌ [pass. part. of غَلَبَ, Overcome, conquered, subdued, &c. b2: And] part. n. of غُلِبَ in the phrase غُلِبَ فُلَانٌ عَلَى الشَّىْءِ expl. above: [see 1:] (Mgh: [and the like is said in the A:]) a poet says, فَكُنْتُ كَمَغْلُوبٍ عَلَى نَصْلِ سَيْفِهِ [And I was like one whose blade of his sword has been taken from him by superior power or force; or who has had his blade of his sword taken from him &c.]. (Mgh.) مُغْلَنْبٍ One who overcomes, conquers, or subdues, another; who gains ascendency, or the mastery, over him: (K, TA:) it is quasi coordinate to [مُحْرَنْجِمٌ, part. n. of] اِحْرَنْجَمَ [which is from حَرْجَمَ]. (TA.) حَدِيقَةٌ مُغْلَوْلِبَةٌ: see أَغْلَبُ.

غثر

1 غَثَرَتِ الأَرْضُ بِالنَّبَاتِ i. q. مَأَدَت (thus in the JK [app. meaning The land became flourishing and fresh with herbage]): or مَادَت (thus in the O and K [i. e. without ء; but the former, I think, is evidently the right: the meaning which I have given may be from غَثَرٌ, q. v., and therefore tropical: and it may be inferred from what here follows that the verb is correctly, or originally, غَثْرَت, fem. of ↓ غَثْرَى]). The epithet applied to such land is ↓ مُغَــثْرِيَةٌ. (JK, O, K.) 4 اغثر It (the [species of tree, or shrub, called] رِمْث [&c.]) exuded what is termed مُغْثُور [q. v.]; (K;) as also اغفر. (TA.) b2: See also عَيَّرَ, last sentence.11 اغثارّ It (a garment, or piece of cloth,) had much غَثَر i. e. nap, or villous substance, (K, TA,) and wool. (TA.) Q. Q. 1 غَثْرَى: see the first paragraph. Q. Q. 2 تَمَغْثَرَ He gathered مُغْثُور [q. v.]. (K.) You say, خَرَجَ النَّاسُ يَتَمَغْثَرُونَ, like يَتَمَغْفَرُونَ, The people went forth to gather مَغَاثِير [pl. of مُغْثُورٌ]. (TA.) غَثَرٌ The nap, or villous substance, of a garment, or piece of cloth; (K, TA;) and the wool thereof. (TA.) غَثْرَةٌ Abundance: (TA:) [and particularly] abundance of herbage, and of the goods, conveniences, or comforts, of life; ampleness [thereof] (K, TA.) b2: And A portion of property. (TA.) غُثْرَةٌ A dust-colour inclining to خُضْرَة [which here app. means a dingy ash-colour]: (S, TA:) or, as some say, [simply] dust-colour: (TA:) or it is like duskiness (غُبْشَةٌ) mixed with redness. (K, TA.) غَثَرَةٌ: see أَغْثَرُ, last sentence.

غَثَارِ, or غَثَارُ, accord. to the CK غُثَارٌ: see أَغْثَرُ.

الغَوْثَرُ and الغَثَوْثَرُ: see أَغْثَرُ, former half.

غَيْثَرَةٌ A threatening. (K.) b2: And Fight, or conflict; and commotion, or tumult: so in the saying, تَرَكْتُ القَوْمَ فِى غَيْثَرَةٍ and غَيْثَمَةٍ [I left the people, or party, in fight, &c.]: (As, TA:) or, accord to IAar, it means the treading, or trampling, of the people, or party, one upon another, (مُدَاوَسَةُ القَوْمِ بَعْضِهِمْ بَعْضًا,) in fight, or conflict: you say, بَيْنَ القَوْمِ غَيْثَرَةٌ شَدِيدَةٌ [Among the people, or party, is a vehement treading, &c.]. (S, TA.) A2: See also أَغْثَرُ, last sentence, in two places.

أَغْثَرُ, (S,) and [the fem.] غَثْرَآءُ, (K,) Dustcoloured: (K, TA:) or of a dingy, or dusky, colour: (TA:) or of a dingy, or dusky, colour: (TA:) or [of the colour termed غُثْرَة, which is] nearly the same as dust-coloured. (S, K, TA.) 'Omárah says, حَتَّى اكْتَسَيْتُ مِنَ المَشِيبِ عِمَامَةً

غَثْرَآءَ أَغْفِرُ لَوْنَهَا بِخِضَابِ [Until I attired myself with a dusky turban of hoariness, the colour of which I concealed with hair-dye]. (TA.) b2: أَغْثَرُ is applied as an epithet to a ram That is not red [or brown] nor black ner white; (IAar, TA;) meaning of a dusky, or dingy, colour. (TA.) And it is so applied to a wolf. (IAar, TA.) And الأَغْثَرُ signifies The wolf; (TA;) as also الأَغْبَرُ. (TA in art. غبر.) b3: And [in like manner] الغَثْرَآءُ signifies The hyena, or female hyena; (K, TA;) because of its colour: (TA;) as also ↓ غَثَارِ, (O, K, TA,) like قَطَامِ, (O, TA,) determinate; (K, TA;) [accord. to the CK غُثَارٌ, which is wrong;] and accord. to IAar ↓ غَثَارُ, imperfectly declinable. (TA.) b4: And الأَغْثَرُ signifies also The lion; and so ↓ الغَثَوْثَرُ: (K:) or the latter, as also ↓ الغَوْثَرُ, the lion that is in a confused, or perplexed, case. (O.) b5: And A certain bird, (K, TA,) having confused, or disordered, plumage, (TA,) long in the neck, (K, TA,) in the colour of which is غُثْرَة [q. v.], and which is of the aquatic kind. (TA.) b6: أَكَلَتْهُمُ الغَثْرَآءُ [which may be rendered The hyena, or female hyena, devoured them] means (assumed tropical:) they perished. (Z, TA.) b7: غَثْرَآءُ applied to [garments of the kind called] أَكْسِيَة [pl. of كِسَآءٌ] (K, TA) and قَطَائِف [pl. of قَطِيفَةٌ] and the like, and to an عَبَآءَة, (TA,) signifies Having much wool (L, K, TA) and nap, or villous substance. (L.) b8: الأَغْثَرُ also signifies The [green substance that overspreads stale water, called] طُحْلُب. (S, TA.) b9: Also (assumed tropical:) The ignorant man: and the stupid man: likened to the hyena, or female hyena, which is one of the most stupid of beasts, and of which one of the appellations is الغَثْرَآءُ. (IDrd, TA.) b10: And الغَثْرَآءُ and الغُثْرُ, (S, K, TA,) which latter is the pl. of الأَغْثَرُ, (S, TA,) (assumed tropical:) The low, base, vile, ignoble, mean, or sordid, or the refuse, or rabble, of mankind; as also ↓ الغَثْرَةُ, (S, K, TA,) said to be originally ↓ الغَيْثَرَةُ, (S, TA,) which signifies the same: (S, K, TA:) and غَثْرَآءُ is also expl. as meaning a mixed assemblage of people (K, TA) of the low, base, vile, ignoble, mean, or sordid, or of the refuse, or rabble, of mankind; (TA;) and so ↓ غَيْثَرَةٌ: (Az, TA:) or a mixed assemblage of people of various tribes: or the unknown common people: or the commonalty, or generality, of men. (TA.) مِغْثَرٌ: see what next follows.

مِغْثَارٌ: see what next follows.

مُغْثُورٌ (S, M) and ↓ مِغْثَرٌ (Yaakoob, S, K) and ↓ مِغْثَارٌ (TA) [A sort of manna;] a thing [or substance] which is exuded by the [species of tree, or shrub, called] رِمْث, (S, K,) and by the عُرْفُط, (S,) and the ثُمَام, and the عُشَر, (K,) resembling gum, and sweet, (S,) like honey: (S, K:) it is eaten; (TA;) and sometimes it flows upon the ground, like دِبْس: and it has an unpleasant smell: مُغْثُورٌ is a dial. var. of مُغْفُورٌ [q. v.]: (S, TA:) the pl. is مَغَاثِيرُ. (K.) أَرْضٌ مُغَــثْرِيَةٌ: see 1. b2: وَجَدَ المَآءَ مُغَثْرِيًا عَلَيْهِ means He found the water to be thronged: (K, TA:) or, accord. to Sgh, (TA,) you say, وَجَدْتُ المَآءَ مُغَثْرِيًا بِالوِرْدِ I found the water to be thronged by the coming thereto. (O, TA.) غثو and غثى 1 غَثَا الوَادِى, (Msb, K,) aor. ـْ (Msb,) inf. n. غَثْوٌ; (Msb, K;) and غَثَى, aor. ـْ inf. n. غَثْيٌ; (K;) the latter mentioned by IJ, but the former is that which is [commonly] known to the lexicologists; (TA;) The valley, or water-course, was, or became, full of غُثَآء [q. v.]: (Msb: [and the like is indicated in the K:]) or had in a abundance of camels' or similar dung (بَعْر) and leaves and reeds or canes. (TA.) b2: غَثَا اللَّحْمُ, inf. n. غَثْوٌ, The flesh-meat was bad by reason of its leanness. (IKtt, TA.) b3: غَثَتِ النَّفْسُ, (S, Msb, K,) aor. ـْ (S, Msb,) inf. n. غَثْىٌ and غَثَيَانٌ; (S, Msb, K;) and, accord. to Lth, غَثِيَت, aor. ـْ inf. n. غَثًا, but Az says that this is post-classical; (TA;) i. q. خَبُثَت; (S, K, TA;) and جَاشَت; (TA;) i. e. [The soul, or stomach, heaved; or became agitated by a tendency to vomit; or] became agitated so that the person nearly vomited, by reason of a mixture pouring forth to the mouth of the stomach: (Msb, TA:) or, as some say, غَثَيَانٌ signifies a flowing of the mouth which sometimes, or often, occasions vomiting. (TA.) b4: غَثَتِ السَّمَآءُ بِالسَّحَابِ, (K, TA,) aor. ـْ (TA,) The sky was, or became, clouded, or covered with clouds: (K, TA:) or began to be so. (TA.) A2: غَثَا السَّيْلُ المَرْتَعَ, aor. ـْ inf. n. غَثْوٌ; thus accord. to J, [in the S,] but accord. to the K and ISd, غَثَى, mentioned in art. غثى; and in [some of] the copies of the K, المَرْبَعَ is erroneously put for المَرْتَعَ; (TA;) The torrent drew [or washed] together the pasture, and deprived it of its sweetness; as also ↓ اغثاهُ. (S, K.) b2: and hence, by way of comparison, (TA,) غَثَى الكَلَامَ, aor. ـْ (K, TA;) and غَثِيَهُ, aor. ـْ (K, * TA;) the former verb of the class of رَمَى, and the latter of the class of رَضِىَ; inf. n. غَثْىٌ; (TA;) (tropical:) He mixed, or put together confusedly, the speech, or language. (K, * TA.) b3: And غَثَى

المَالَ, and النَّاسَ, He beat the cattle, and the people, and dealt blows among them. (K, * TA.) b4: غَثِيَتِ الأَرْضُ بِالنَّبَاتِ The land became abundant in herbage: (K, TA:) or began to be so. (TA.) b5: And غَثِىَ شَعْرُهُ, inf. n. غَثًى, His hair became matted, or compacted together: mentioned in art. غثى by IKtt: perhaps a dial. var. of عَثِىَ, with the unpointed ع; mentioned before. (TA.) 4 أَ1ْ2َ3َ see the preceding paragraph, latter half.

غُثَآءٌ (S, Msb, K) and غُثَّآءٌ (S, K) The rubbish, or small rubbish, or particles of things, or refuse, and scum, and rotten leaves mixed with the scum, (Zj, S, * Msb, * K, TA,) borne upon the surface (S, Msb, TA) of a torrent: (Zj, S, Msb, K, TA:) or dried-up [or decayed] and broken pieces [or leaves and stalks] of herbage, that are seen upon a torrent: so in the Kur lxxxvii. 5: [see أَحْوَى

in art. حو:] (TA:) pl. أَغْثَآءٌ. (S, TA.) b2: [Hence,] one says, مَالُهُ غُثَآءٌ وَعَمَلُهُ هَبَآءٌ وَسَعْيُهُ خَفَآءٌ (assumed tropical:) [His property is as rubbish borne by a torrent (see Kur xxiii. 43), and his work is as motes that are seen in the rays of the sun (see Kur xxv. 25), and his labour, or earning, is a thing that is unapparent]. (TA.) b3: [Hence, also,] غُثَآءُ النَّاسِ (assumed tropical:) The low, or vile, and the refuse, of mankind. (TA.) الأَغْثَى The lion. (K.)

نثر

1 نَثَرَ, aor. ـُ (S, M, A, Msb, K,) and نَثِرَ, (M, Msb, K,) inf. n. نَثْرٌ (S, M, A, Msb, K) and نِثَارٌ, (M, K,) or the latter is a simple subst., (S, A, Msb,) He scattered a thing, sprinkled it, strewed it, dispersed it, or threw it dispersedly, (Lth, T, M, A, Msb, K, TA,) with his hand; (Lth, T;) as, for instance, grain, (Lth, T,) and fruit and the like, (Msb,) walnuts and almonds and sugar, (Lth, T,) and pearls, &c.; (A;) as also ↓ نثّر, (M, K,) inf. n. تَنْثِيرٌ; (TA;) [or the latter is with teshdeed to denote muchness, or frequency, or repetition, of the action; or its application to many objects: see مَنْثُورٌ.] b2: نَثَرَتِ النَّخْلَةُ (tropical:) The palm-tree [scattered or] shook off its unripe dates. (A.) b3: وَجَأَهُ فَنَثَرَ أَمْعَآءَهُ (tropical:) He smote him with a knife and scattered his intestines]. (M, A.) b4: لَأَنْثُرَنَّكَ نَثْرَ الكَرِشِ (tropical:) [I will assuredly scatter thine intestines like as one scatters the contents of the stomach of a ruminant beast]: said in threatening. (A.) b5: نَثَرَ وَلَدًا (tropical:) He (a man, M) had many children born to him. (M, K, TA.) And نَثَرَتِ المَرْأَةُ بَطْنَهَا, (T, A, Mgh TA,) and ذَا بَطْنِهَا, (T, Mgh, TA,) and كَرِشَهَا, (A, in art. كرش,) (tropical:) The woman brought forth many children; (T, A, in art. كرش;) scattered children; للزَّوْجِ to the husband. (Mgh.) b6: نَتَرَ الكَلَامَ (tropical:) He spoke, or talked, much. (M, K, TA.) b7: نَثَرَ قِرَاءَتَهُ (tropical:) He hastened, or was quick, in his reading, or reciting. (A.) b8: نَثَرَ, aor. ـِ inf. n. نَثِيرٌ, (tropical:) He (a beast of carriage, M, K, and a camel, M, and an ass, T) sneezed [app. so as to scatter the moisture in his nostrils]: (T, M, K, TA:) or did with his nose what is like sneezing: (T:) he (an ass, and a sheep or goat) sneezed, and expelled what annoyed or hurt him, from his nose: (A:) or نَثَرَتْ she (a ewe or goat) ejected from her nose what annoyed or hurt her. (S.) And نَثَرَ, (Fr, T, IAth, Mgh, Msb,) aor. ـِ (T, IAth,) inf. n. نَثْرٌ (T, Mgh) [and app. نَثِيرٌ, as above], (tropical:) He [a man] blew his nose; ejected the mucus from his nose; syn. امْتَخَطَ; (IAth;) as also ↓ استنثر: (S, K, art. مخط:) and he ejected what was in his nose, of mucus, and of that which annoyed or hurt him, in performing the ablution termed وُضُوْء; (Sgh, TA;) as also ↓ أَنْثَرَ, accord. to some: (TA:) or ↓ أَنْثَرَ signifies he ejected what was in his nose; or he emitted his breath from his nose; or he introduced the water into his nose; as also ↓ انتثر and ↓ استنثر: (K:) but this last explanation is outweighed in authority; the form ↓ انثر is disallowed by the leading lexicologists; and the author of the K, in respect of this form, follows Sgh, without due consideration: (TA:) [accord. to the more approved opinion,) نَثَرَ signifies he scattered what was in his nose by the breath; as also ↓ انتثر and ↓ استنثر: (S:) or, as some of the learned say, he snuffed up water, and then ejected what was in it, of anything annoying or hurting, or of mucus; as also ↓ استنثر: (IAar, T, Mgh:) or ↓ استنثر (T, M, IAth, K) and ↓ انتثر, (K,) he snuffed up water, and then ejected it (T, M, IAth, K) by the breath of the nose: (T, M, K:) accord. to some, نَثَرَ and ↓ استنثر signify he (a person performing وُضُوْء) snuffed up water: but others say that the latter signifies he ejected what was in his nose, of mucus &c.; agreeably with a trad. to be cited below: (Msb:) IAar says, that ↓ استنثر signifies he snuffed up water, and put in motion the نَثْرَة, or end of the nose, in purification: (T [in the Mgh, this explanation is ascribed to Fr:]) and Fr, that نَثَرَ and ↓ انتثر and ↓ استنثر signify he put in motion the نَثْرَة, in purification. (T.) It is said of Mohammad, كَانَ يَسْتَنْشِقُ ثَلَاثًا فِى كُلِّ مَرَّةٍ يَسْتَنْثِرُ [He used to snuff up water three times, every time ejecting it; &c.] and this indicates that ↓ استنثر differs from استنشق. (T, Mgh, Msb.) And it is said in a trad., إِذَا اسْتَنْشَقْتَ فَانْثُرْ, (S, Msb,) and فَانْثِرْ, with the conjunctive ا, and with damm and kesr to the ث, (Msb,) When thou snuffest up water, scatter what is in thy nose by the breath; (S;) or eject what is in thy nose, of mucus, &c.: (Msb:) or, as A'Obeyd relates it, ↓ فَأَنْثِرْ; inf. n. إِنْثَارٌ: (Msb:) or, as he relates it إِذَا تَوَضَّاتَ فَأَنْثِرْ, with the disjunctive ا; and he does not explain it; but the lexicologists do not allow ↓ أَنْثَرَ, from الإِنْثَارُ; one only says, نَثَرَ and ↓ انتثر and ↓ استنثر. (T.) No instance of ↓ استنثر used transitively has been heard, except in a trad. of El-Hasan Ibn-'Alee, أَنْفَهُ ↓ اِسْتَنْثَرَ [He ejected the contents of his nose; or he blew his nose]; as though the root [نَثَرَ] were regarded in it, or as though it were made to import the meaning of نَقَّى. (Mgh.) 2 نَثَّرَ see 1, first signification.3 نَاْثَرَ [ناثرهُ He contended with him in scattering, strewing, or dispersing, a thing or things. and hence,] b2: رَأَيْتُهُ يُنَاثِرُهُ الدُّرَّ [lit., I saw him contending with him in scattering pearls: meaning,] (tropical:) I saw him holding a disputation, or colloquy, with him, in beautiful, or elegant, language. (A.) 4 انثر as syn. with نَثَرَ and استنثر and انتثر: see 1, latter half, A2: انثرهُ (tropical:) He made his nose to bleed; syn. أَرْعَفَهُ. (S, A, K.) You say, طَعَنَهُ فَأَنْثَرَهُ (tropical:) [He pierced him and made his nose to bleed]: (S:) and ضَرَبَهُ فَأَنْثَرَهُ [He smote him and made his nose to bleed]. (A.) b2: (tropical:) He threw him down upon his نَثْرَة, (M, A, TA,) i. e., (TA,) [upon the end of his nose: or] upon his خَيْشُوم. (K, TA.) You say, طَعَنَهُ فَأَنْثَرَهُ عَنْ فَرَسِه (tropical:) [He pierced him and threw him down upon the end of his nose from his horse]. (M, A. *) 5 تَنَثَّرَ see 8.6 تَنَاْثَرَ see 8.8 انتثر (S, M, A, Msb, K) and ↓ نتاثر (S, M, A, K) and ↓ تنثّر (M, K) It became scattered, strewn, dispersed, or thrown dispersedly: (S, * M, A, Msb, K:) [or the second more properly signifies it became scattered, &c., by degrees, gradually, or part after part; resembling تَسَاقَطَ

&c.: and the third, being quasi-pass. of 2, denotes muchness, or frequency, or repetition, of the action; or its application to many things.] Yousay, انتثرت الكَوَاكِبُ (assumed tropical:) The stars became dispersed: or became scattered like grain. (TA.) And انتثروا and ↓ تنثّروا (tropical:) [They (meaning men) became as though they were scattered by the hand]. (A.) [And الشَّعَرُ ↓ تناثر, and الوَرَقُ, (assumed tropical:) The hair, and the leaves, fell off, and became scattered, by degrees.] And القَوْمُ ↓ تناثر (tropical:) The people fell sick and died [one after another]: (M, K: *) or you say مَوْتًا ↓ مَرِضُوا فَتَنَاثَرُوا [they fell sick and became separated by death, one after another]. (A.) A2: See also 1, latter half, throughout.10 إِسْتَنْثَرَ see 1, latter half, throughout.

نَثْرٌ (tropical:) [Prose: so accord. to general usage: and] rhyming prose: contr. of نَظْمٌ: so called as being likened to [scattered pearls, or] scattered grain. (TA.) نَثَرٌ: see نُثَارٌ: and نِثَارٌ: and مُنْتَثِرٌ.

A2: (tropical:) Loquacity, (M, TA,) and the divulging of secrets. (TA.) نَثِرٌ (tropical:) Loquacious; one who talks much: as also ↓ مِنْثَرٌ (M, K) and ↓ نَيْثُرَانٌ: (Sgh, K:) or vainly or frivolously loquacious, and a divulger of secrets: (A:) fem. نَثِرَةٌ only. (M.) نَثْرَةٌ [A single act of scattering, strewing, dispersing, or throwing dispersedly, with the hand. And hence,] b2: (tropical:) A sneeze: (K:) or the like thereof; peculiar to a beast of carriage (S) [or other beast, and a fish, as appears from what here follows.] It is said in a trad. (A, TA) of Kaab, (TA,) الجَرَادُ نَثْرَةُ حُوتٍ (A, TA) (tropical:) The locust is [produced by] the sneeze of a fish: or, as in a trad. of I'Ab, نَثْرَةُ الحُوتِ the sneeze of the fish. (TA.) [From this it is inferred that the locust is, like fish, lawful to be captured by one in a state of إِحْرَام.]

A2: (tropical:) The end of the nose: (IAar, T:) or i. q., خَيْشُومٌ: (A:) or the خيشوم with what is next to it: (M, K:) and (M, A; but in the K, or) the interstice that is between the two mustaches, (S, M, A, K,) against the partition between the two nostrils: (S, M, K:) so [in a man and] in the lion: (S, M:) or the nose or the lion. (M.) b2: Hence, (T, &c.,) النَّثْرَةُ, (T, S, M, K,) and نَثْرَةُ الأَسَدِ, (T, A,) (tropical:) Two stars, between which is the space of a span, (شبْرٌ, [said in several law-books to be the twelfth part of a رُمْح, and therefore twenty-two minutes and a half, accord. to modern usage; but there is reason to believe that ancient usage differed from the modern with respect to both these measures, and was not precise nor uniform;]) and in [or between] which is a particle (لَطْخٌ) of white, as though it were a portion of cloud; it is the nose of Leo, [which the Arabs extended far beyond the limits which it has upon our globes, (see الذِّرَاعُ,)] (S, K,) and is a Mansion of the Moon: (S:) [app. the Aselli; Asellus Boreus and Asellus Australis; two small stars in Cancer, between which is a little cloud or nebula, called Præsepe: (see Pliny, l. xviii. c. 35:)] a certain star or asterism, which is of the stars or asterisms of Leo, and which is a Mansion of the Moon: (M:) [app. meaning the same, or Præsepe:] or a certain star in the sky, as though it were a particle (لَطْخ) of cloud, over against two small stars, in the science of astronomy pertaining to the sign of Cancer [though accord. to the Arabs belonging to Leo]: (T:) [app. Præsepe; the two small stars adjacent to it being the Aselli:] a certain star, as though it were a particle (لَطْخٌ) of cloud; so called because it appears as though the lion had ejected if from his nose: (A:) [app. meaning the same:] in the Megista [of Ptolemy] it is mentioned by the name of the manger [i. e., Præsepe], and the name of the two small [for المنيرة in my copy of Kzw, I read الصفيرة,] stars is the two asses [i. e., the Aselli]: (Kzw, Description of Cancer:) or the nose and nostrils of the lion, consisting of three obscure stars, near together: الطَّرْفُ is [before them, and is] the two eyes of the lion, consisting of two stars, before which is الجَبْهَةُ, consisting of four stars: (AHeyth:) [app. meaning the Aselli together with Præsepe:] three stars, near together; the nose of the lion; [app. meaning the same;] which compose the Eighth Mansion of the Moon: (Kzw, Description of the Mansions of the Moon:) [these descriptions apply to this Mansion of the Moon accord. to those who make النَّوْء to signify “ the heliacal rising: ” see مَنَازِلُ القَمَرِ, in art. نزل:] or the bright star [app. meaning b] in Cancer: (Kzw, Description of Cancer:) [this agrees with the place of the Eighth Mansion of the Moon accord. to those who make النَّوْء to signify “ the anti-heliacal setting: ” see again مَنَازِلُ القَمَر.] The Arabs say إِذَا طَلَعَتِ النَّثْرَةُ قَنَأَتِ البُسْرَةُ, meaning, When النثرة rises [heliacally], the unripe date begins to have its redness intermixed with blackness: its rising is very soon after that of الشِّعْرَى [or Sirius: about the epoch of the Flight, it rose heliacally, in central Arabia, on the 17th of July, O. S.; and Sirius, on the 13th of the same month]. (M.) نُثَارٌ What becomes scattered, strewn, or dispersed, of, or from, a thing; (S, Msb;) as also ↓ نُثَارَةٌ, (M, K,) and ↓ نَثَرٌ, (K, [but see مُنْتَثِرٌ,]) and, as some say, ↓ نِثَارٌ: (Msb:) so the ↓ نُثَارَة of wheat, and of barley, and the like: (Lh, M:) or نُثَارٌ signifies the crumbs of bread, and of everything, that become scattered around the table: (T:) or the crumbs of the table that become scattered around: as also ↓ نُثَارَةٌ: (A:) or this last, what becomes scattered from the table, and is eaten in the hope of obtaining a recompense [for preventing its being thrown away or trodden under foot]. (Lh, M, K. *) نِثَارٌ, with kesr, a subst. from نَثَرَ, (S, A, Msb,) signifying The act of scattering, strewing, dispersing, or throwing dispersedly, [anything,] (Lth, T, A, Msb,) [and particularly fruits and the like, such as] walnuts and almonds and sugar [and money, &c., on festive occasions,] and grain. (Lth, T.) You say شَهِدْتُ نِثَارَ فُلَانٍ I was present at, or I witnessed, such a one's scattering (Lth, T, A) of fruits, &c. (Lth, T.) And كُنَّا فِى نِثَارِهِ We were at his scattering. (A.) b2: Also, What is scattered, strewn, dispersed, or thrown dispersedly, (A, Msb, TA,) of such things as sugar and fruits and the like, (A, TA,) [and money, &c., on festive occasions;] a subst., (A, TA,) in the sense of مَنْثُورٌ, (A, Msb, TA,) like كِتَابٌ in the sense of مَكْتُوبٌ; (Msb;) as also ↓ نَثَرٌ. (A, TA.) [See also مُنْتَثَرٌ.] You say أَصَنْتُ مِنَ النِّثَارِ I obtained [somewhat] of the scattered [sugar or fruits &c.]. (Msb.) and مَا أَصَبْنَا مِنْ نَثَرِ فُلَانٍ شَيْئًا We did not obtain aught of such a one's scattered things, such as sugar and fruit. (TA.) b3: Accord. to some, i. q. نُثَارٌ in the first of the senses explained above. (Msb.) نَثُورٌ (tropical:) A female, (S, K,) or woman, (M,) having numerous offspring: (S, M, A, K:) and so a male, (M,) or man. (TA.) b2: (tropical:) A ewe, or she-goat, (TA,) having a wide orifice to the teat: (K, TA:) as though she scattered the milk. (TA.) b3: See also نَاثِرٌ.

نَثِيرٌ: see مَنْثُورٌ.

نُثَارَةٌ: see نُثَارٌ, in three places.

نَاثِرٌ (A) and ↓ مِنْثَارٌ (A, K) (tropical:) A palm-tree (نَخْلَةٌ) that shakes off its unripe dates: (A:) or of which the unripe dates become scattered. (K.) b2: and the former, (tropical:) A sheep or goat that coughs, so that something becomes scattered from its nose; as also نَافِرٌ: (As, S:) or a sheep or goat that ejects from its nose what resembles worms; as also ↓ نَثُورٌ: (M, K:) or that sneezes, and ejects from its nose what annoys or hurts it, resembling worms. (TA.) نَيْثُرَانٌ: see نَثِرٌ.

مِنْثَرٌ: see نَثِرٌ.

دُرٌّ مُنَثَّرٌ Pearls scattered, or strewn, much. (S, TA.) See مَنْثُورٌ.

مِنْثَارٌ: see نَاثِرٌ.

دُرٌّ مَنْثُورٌ, and ↓ نَثِيرٌ, Pearls scattered, strewn, dispersed, or thrown dispersedly, with the hand. (A, * TA.) See also مُنْتَثِرٌ, and مُنَثَّرٌ. You say ↓ كَأَنَّ لَفْظَهُ الدُّرُّ النَّثِيرُ [As though his speech were scattered pearls]. (A.) b2: لَهُ كَرِشٌ مَنْثُورَةٌ (tropical:) He has [numerous] young children. (A, art. كرش.) b3: Also مَنْثُورٌ A kind of sweet-smelling flower; (TA;) [the gilliflower: so called in the present day: see also خِيرِىٌّ.] b4: See also خَشْخَاشٌ.

مُنْتَثِرٌ In a scattered or strewn state; in a state of dispersion; (M;) as also ↓ مُتَنَاثِرٌ, (TA,) and ↓ نَثَرٌ, which last is applied to a thing and to things. (M.) See also نِثَارٌ, and نُثَارٌ, and مَنْثُورٌ.

You say ↓ دُرٌّ مُتَنَاثِرٌ [Pearls in a scattered state]. (TA.) مُتَنَاثِرٌ: see مُنْتَثِرٌ.

خير

1 خَارَ, aor. ـِ (K,) inf. n. خَيْرٌ, (TA,) He (a man, TA) was, or became, possessed of خَيْر [or good, &c.]. (K, TA.) b2: [He was, or be came, good: and he did good: contr. of شَرَّ.] You say, خِرْتَ يَا رَجُلُ [Thou hast been good; or thou hast done good, or well; O man]. (S.) And خَارَاللّٰهُ لَكَ فِى هٰذَا الأَمْرِ [May God do good to thee, bless thee, prosper thee, or favour thee, in this affair: or] may God cause thee to have, or appoint to thee, good in this affair: (K:) or may God choose for thee the better thing [in this affair]. (A.) الّٰهُمَّ خِرْلِى occurs in a trad., meaning O God, choose for me the better of the two things. (TA.) b3: See also 8. b4: خَارَهُ عَلَى

صَاحِبِهِ, aor. as above, inf. n. خِيرَةٌ and خِيَرٌ (Msb, K *) and خِيَرَةٌ (K) and خَيْرٌ; (Msb, TA;) and ↓ خيّرهُ, (K,) inf. n. تَخْيِيرٌ; (TA;) He preferred him before his companion, (Msb, K. *) b5: خَايَرَهُ فَخَارَهُ: see 3.2 خيّرهُ He gave him the choice, or option, (S, A, * Mgh, * Msb, * K,) بَيْنَ الشَّيْئَيْنِ [between the two things], (S, Mgh, Msb,) or بين الأَمْرَيْنِ [between the two affairs]: ↓ فَتَخَيَّرَ [so he had the choice, or option, given him]. (A.) b2: See also 1. It is said in a trad., خَيَّرَ بَيْنَ دُورِ الأَنْصَارِ, meaning He preferred some among the houses of the Assistants before others of them. (TA.) And in another trad., خُيِّرَ, meaning He was preferred, and pronounced to have surpassed, or overcome, or won, in a contest, or dispute. (IAth.) 3 خَاْيَرَ ↓ خَايَرَهُ فَخَارَهُ, (A, K,) inf. n. مُخَايَرَةٌ, (A,) He vied with him, or strove to surpass him, or contended with him for superiority, in goodness, or excellence, (A, K,) in, or with respect to, (فِى,) a thing, (A,) and he surpassed him therein. (A, K.) 4 مَا أَخْيَرَ فُلَانًا, (A,) and ↓ مَا خَيْرَهُ, which latter is extr. [with respect to form, though more commonly used than the former], (TA,) [How good is such a one!] phrases similar to مَاأَشَّرَهُ and مَا شَّرَهُ [which have the contr. meaning]. (TA.) اللَّبَنَ لِلْمَرِيضِ ↓ مَا خَيْرَ [How good is milk for the diseased!], (K, * TA,) with nasb to the ر and ن, is an expression of wonder: (K:) it was said to Khalaf El-Ahmar, by an Arab of the desert, in the presence of Aboo-Zeyd; whereupon Khalaf said to him, “What a good word, if thou hadst not defiled it by mentioning it to the [common] people! ” and Aboo-Zeyd returned to his companions, and desired them, when Khalaf ElAhmar should come, to say, all together, these words (ما خير اللبن للمريض), [in order to vex him], and they did so. (TA.) 5 تخيّر, as an intrans. v.: see 2.

A2: As a trans. v.: see 8.6 تخايروا فِيهِ إِلَى حَكَمٍ They contended together for superior goodness, or for excellence, in it, or with respect to it, appealing to a judge, or an arbiter. (A.) 8 اختارهُ; and ↓ تخيّرهُ, (S, * A, Mgh, Msb, K,) inf. n. [or rather quasi-inf. n.] ↓ خِيَرَةٌ, said by IAth to be the only instance of the kind except طِيَرَةٌ; (TA voce تَطَيَّرَ;) and ↓ استخارهُ; (A;) and ↓ خَارَهُ; (K;) He chose, made choice of. selected, elected, or preferred, him, or it. (S, Msb, * K.) You say also, اِخْتَرْتُهُ الرِّجَالَ, and مِنَ الرِّجَالِ, [I chose him from the men,] and عَلَيْهِمْ, (K,) which last signifies in preference to them. (TA.) It is said in the Kur [vii. 154], وَاخْتَارَ مُوسَى قَوْمِهِ سَبْعِينَ رَجُلًا [And Moses chose from his people seventy men]. (TA.) وَلَقَدِ اخْتَرْنَاهُمْ عَلَى عِلْمٍ, in the Kur [xliv. 31, Verily we have chosen them with knowledge], may be indicative of God's producing good, or of his preferring them before others. (TA.) 10 استخار He sought, desired, or asked for, خِيرَة (S, Msb, K) or خِيَرَة (as in some copies of the K) [i. e. the blessing, prospering, or favour, of God; &c.]. [And it is trans.; for] one says, اِسْتَخِرِ اللّٰهَ يَخِرْ لَكَ [Desire thou, or ask thou for, the blessing, prospering, or favour, of God; &c.; and He will bless, prosper, or favour, thee; &c.]. (S.) And اِسْتَخَرْتُ اللّٰهَ فِيهِ فَخَارَ لِى I desired, or asked, of God, the better of the two things, [or rather the better in it, meaning a case, or an affair,] and He chose it for me. (A.) b2: See also 8.

خَيْرٌ [Good, moral or physical; anything that is good, real or ideal, and actual or potential; and, being originally an inf. n., used as sing and pl.;] a thing that all desire; such as intelligence, for instance, and equity; (Er-Rághib, and so in some copies of the K;) [or goodness;] and excellence; and what is profitable or useful; benefit; (Er-Rághib;) contr. of شَرٌّ: (S, A, Msb:) pl. خُيُورٌ, (Msb, K,) and also, accord. to the Msb, ↓ خِيَارٌ: (TA:) [but this latter seems to be properly pl. only of خَيْرٌ used as an epithet (see below) and as a noun denoting the comparative and superlative degrees: it may however be used as an epithet in which the quality of a subst. is predominant:] خير is of two kinds: namely, absolute خير, which is what is desired in all circumstances and by every person: and what is خير [or good] to one and شرّ [or evil] to another; as, for instance, (Er-Rághib,) wealth, or property: (Zj, L in art. شد, Er-Rághib, K:) it has this last signification, namely wealth, or property, in the Kur, ii. 176 (S, TA) and ii. 274 and xxiv. 33 and xli. 49: or in the first and second of these instances it is thus called to imply the meaning of wealth, or property, that has been collected in a praiseworthy manner, or it means much wealth or property; and this is its meaning in the first of the instances mentioned above, agreeably with a trad. of 'Alee; and also in the Kur, c. 8: (TA:) [being used as a pl. (as well as a sing.), it may be also rendered good things:] and it is also used by the Arabs to signify horses; (K, * TA;) and has this meaning in the Kur, xxxviii. 31: (TA:) [it is often best rendered good fortune; prosperity; welfare; wellbeing; weal; happiness; or a good state or condition: and sometimes bounty, or beneficence.] رَجُلٌ قَلِيلُ الخَيْرِ means [A man possessing little, or no, good; possessing few, or no, good things; or poor: and in whom is little, or no, good or goodness; or niggardly: and also] a man who does little good: (TA in art. عص:) or [who does no good;] who is not near to doing good; denoting the nonexistence of good in him. (Msb in art. قل.) [Thus it sometimes means the same as رَجُلٌ لَا خَيْرَ فِيهِ A man in whom is no good or goodness; devoid of goodness; worthless.] And قِلَّةُ خَيْرٍ means Poverty: and also niggardliness. (A and TA in art. جحد.) هُوَ مِنْ أَهْلِ الخَيْرِ وَالخِيرِ is explained voce خِيرٌ.

عَلَىيَدَىِ الخَيْرِ وَاليُمْنِ [May it be with the aid of good fortune and prosperity] is a prayer used with respect to a marriage. (A 'Obeyd, TA.) And إِنَّكَ مَا وَخَيْرًا means مَعَ خَيْرٍ, i. e., Mayest thou meet with, or attain, good. (K.) b2: خَيْرٌ in the phrase فُلَانٌ خَيْرٌ resembles an epithet [like ↓ خَيِّرٌ, and signifies Good; or possessing good]; (Akh, S;) therefore the fem. is خَيْرَةٌ, of which the pl. is خَيْرَاتٌ, (Akh, S, Msb, *) as occurring in the Kur, lv. 70; and they do not [there] mean by it [the comparative or superlative signification of the measure] أَفْعَلُ: (Akh, S:) you say ↓ رَجُلٌ خَيِّرٌ, (S, A, Msb,) meaning [A good man; or] a man possessing خَيْر [or good]; (Msb;) and رَجُلٌ خَيْرٌ: (S:) and in like manner, ↓ اِمْرَأَةٌ خَيِّرَةٌ and خَيْرَةٌ, (S, Msb,) meaning [A good woman; or] a woman excellent in beauty and disposition: (Msb:) or خَيْرٌ and ↓ خَيِّرٌ signify possessing much خَيْر [or good], (K,) applied to a man; (TA;) and in the same sense you say ↓ رَجُلٌ خَيْرَى, and ↓ خُورَى, and ↓ خِيَرى: and the fem. of the first is خَيْرَةٌ; and of the second, ↓ خَيِّرَةٌ: (K:) and the pl. [of pauc.] (of the first, TA) is أَخْيَارٌ, and [of mult.] خِيَارٌ: (A, Msb, K:) you say also خِيَارُ المَالِ, meaning The excellent of the camels or the like: (Msb, K:) and in like manner you say of men &c.: (TA:) [see also below:] and the fem. is خَيْرَةٌ, of which the pl. is خَيْرَاتٌ: (Msb:) خِيَارٌ is contr. of أَشْرَارٌ, (S, Mgh,) [thus] used as an epithet: (Mgh:) and ↓ خَيْرَةٌ [used as a subst.] signifies anything excellent; and the pl. thereof in this sense, خَيْرَاتٌ, occurs in the Kur, ix. 89: (S:) or خَيْرٌ, (K,) or the fem. خَيْرَةٌ, (Lth,) or each, (K.) signifies excellent in beauty: (Lth, K:) and ↓ خَيِّرٌ and خَيِّرَةٌ signify excellent in righteousness (Lth, K) and religion: (K:) or there is no difference in the opinion of the lexicologists [in general] between خَيْرَةٌ and ↓ خَيِّرَةٌ: (Az:) accord. to Zj, خَيْرَاتٌ and ↓ خَيِّرَاتٌ, both occurring in different readings of the Kur, lv. 70, signify good in dispositions: accord. to Khálid Ibn-Jembeh, خَيْرَةٌ, applied to a woman, signifies generous in race, exalted in rank or quality or reputation, goodly in face, good in disposition, possessing much wealth, who, if she bring forth, brings forth a generous child: (TA:) [↓ خِيَارٌ is also applied as an epithet to a sing. subst., either masc. or fem.:] you say جَمَلٌ خِيَارٌ and نَاقَةٌ خِيَارٌ, meaning A he-camel [that is excellent or] excellent and brisk and so a she-camel. (TA.) See also مُخْتَارٌ, in three places. In the saying لَعَمَرُ أَبِيكَ الخَيْرُ, the word خَيْر is in the nom. case as an epithet of عَمْر; [so that the phrase lit. means By the good life of thy father;] but properly it should be لَعَمْرُ أَبِيكَ الخَيْرِ [By the life of thy good father]: and the like is said with شَرّ. (TA.) [See also art. عمر.]

b3: خَيْرٌ is also used to denote superiority: one says, هٰذَا خَيْرٌ مِنْ هٰذَا This is better than this: and in the dial. of the Benoo-'Ámir, ↓ هٰذَا أَخْيَرُ مِنْ هٰذَا, with أ, and in like manner, أَشَّرُ; but the rest of the Arabs drop the أ in each case: (Msb:) you say, مِنْكَ ↓ هُوَ أَخْيَرُ [He is better than thou], and in like manner, أَشَّرُ مِنْكَ; and هُوَ خَيْرٌ مِنْكَ, and in like manner, شَرٌّ مِنْكَ; and, [using the dim. form of خَيْرٌ,] مِنْكَ ↓ خُيَيْرٌ, and in like manner, شُرَيْرٌ مِنْكَ. (Ibn-Buzurj, TA.) Youalso say, when you mean to express the signification of superiority, فُلَانَةٌ خَيْرُ النَّاسِ [Such a woman is the best of mankind]; but not خَيْرَةُ: [see, however, what will be found cited hereafter from the K,] and فُلَانٌ خَيْرُ النَّاسِ [Such a man is the best of mankind]; but not ↓ أَخْيَرُ [unless in the dial. of the Benoo-'Ámir]: and [it is said that] خَيْرُ when thus used does not assume the dual form nor the pl., because it has the signification of [the measure] أَفْعَلُ: for though a poet uses the dual form, he uses it as a contraction of the dual of خَيِّرٌ, like مَيْتٌ and مَيِّتٌ, and هَيْنٌ and هَيِّنٌ: (S:) [but. this remark in the S is incorrect: for both خَيْر and ↓ أَخْيَر, when used in such phrases as those to which J here refers, have pl. forms of frequent occurrence, and of which examples will be found below; and, as is said by I 'Ak (p. 239), and by many other grammarians, you may say, الزَّيْدَانِ أَفْضَلَا القَوْمِ, and الزَّيْدُونَ أَفْضَلُو القَوْمِ and أَفَاضِلُ القَوْمِ, and also هِنْدُ فُضْلَىالنِّسَآءِ, &c.; and such concordance is found in the Kur, vi. 123; and is even said by many to be more chaste than the mode prescribed by J:] it is said in the K, that you say, ↓ هُوَ أَخْيَرُ مِنْكَ, like خَيْرُ; and when you mean the signification of superiority, you say فُلَانٌ خَيْرَةٌ النَّاسِ, with ة, and فُلَانَةُ خَيْرُهُمْ, without ة: but [SM says,] I know not how this is; for in the S is said what is different from this, and in like manner by Z in several places in the Ksh; and what is most strange is, that the author of the K quotes in the B the passage of J [from the S], and adopts the opinion of the leading authorities [as given in the S]: (TA:) or you say, فُلَانَةُ الخَيْرَةُ مِنَ المَرْأَتَيْنِ [Such a woman is the better of the two women]: and هِىَ الخَيْرَةُ, and ↓ الخِيرَةُ, [so in the TA, but in the CK الخِيَرَةُ,] and ↓ الخِيرَى, and ↓ الخُورَى, [the last being fem. of أَخْيَرُ, originally خُيْرَى, and so, app., the last but one, She is the better, or best:] (K:) and [using the dim. form of خَيْرٌ] you say, أَهْلِهِ ↓ هُوَ خُيَيْرُ [He is the best of his family]: (Ibn-Buzurj, TA:) one says also, to one coming from a journey, خَيْرَ مَا رُدَّ فِى أَهْلٍ

وَمَالٍ, meaning May God make that with which thou comest [back] to be the best of what is brought back by the absent with family and property; (As, Meyd, TA;) or, as some relate it, خَيْرُ, i. e. رَدُّكَ خَيْرُ رَدٍّ [may thy bringing back be the best bringing back]; and فى is used in the sense of مَعَ: (Meyd:) [أَخْيَارٌ is pl. of pauc., and خِيَارٌ pl. of mult., and so app. is خِيرَانٌ, of خَيْرٌ thus used; and ↓ أَخَايِرُ is pl. of أَخْيَرُ, and so is أَخْيَرُونَ applied to rational beings: in the TA, أَخَايِرُ is said to be a pl. pl. of أَخْيَرُ, and so خِيرَانٌ; but this is app. a mistake, probably of transcription:] you say رَجُلٌ مِنْ خِيَارِ النَّاسِ and أَخْيَارِهِمْ and ↓ أَخَايِرِهِمْ [A man of the best of mankind]: (A, TA:) and لَكَ خِيَارُ هٰذِهِ الإِبِلِ, and ↓ خِيرَتُهَا, [Thine are, or is, or shall be, the best of these camels,] alike with respect to a sing. and a pl.: (TA:) and إِبِلِهِ ↓ نَحَرَ خِيرَةَ and إِبِلِهِ ↓ خُورَةَ [He slaughtered the best of his camels]: (IAar, TA:) and ↓ هُمُ الأَخْيَرُونَ [They (meaning men) are the better, or best]. (Ibn-Buzurj, TA.) A2: مَا خَيْرَ for مَا أَخْيَرَ: see 4, in two places.

A3: خَيْرُ بَوَّآءُ [from the Persian خِيرْبُوَا Lesser cardamom;] a kind of small grain, resembling the قَاقُلَّة [or common cardamom], (K,) of sweet odour. (TA.) خِيرٌ Generousness; generosity; (S, A, Msb, K;) liberality; munificence. (Msb.) You say, فُلَانٌ ذُو خِيرٍ Such a one is a possessor of generousness, or generosity, &c. (Msb.) And هُوَ مِنْ وَالخِيرِ ↓ أَهْلِ الخَيْرِ [He is of the people of good, or of wealth, &c., and of generosity]. (A.) b2: Eminence; elevated state or condition; nobility. (IAar, K.) b3: Origin. (Lh, K.) b4: Nature, or disposition. (A, K.) You say, هُوَ كَرِيمُ الخِيرِ He is generous in nature, or disposition. (A.) b5: Form, aspect, or appearance; figure, person, mien, feature, or lineaments; guise, or external state or condition; or the like; syn. هَيْئَةٌ. (Lh, K.) خُورَةٌ [app. originally خُيْرَةٌ]: see خَيْرٌ, near the end of the paragraph; and see also art. خور.

خَيْرَةٌ fem. of خَيْرٌ [q. v.] used as an epithet: pl. خَيْرَاتٌ. (Akh, S, Msb.) b2: [Also, used as a subst., or as an epithet in which the quality of a subst. is predominant, A good thing, of any kind: a good quality; an excellency: and a good act or action: &c.: pl. as above:] see خَيْرٌ, in the former half of the paragraph.

خِيرَةٌ: see خَيْرٌ, in three places, towards the end of the paragraph: b2: and see خِيَرَةٌ, in four places: b3: and خِيَارٌ. b4: It is also a subst. from خَارَاللّٰهُ لَكَ فِىهٰذَاالأَمْرِ, (S,) and so ↓ خِيَرَةٌ; both signifying [The blessing, prospering, or favour, of God; his causing one to have, or appointing to one, good in an affair: or his choosing for one the better thing in an affair: or] the state that results to him who begs God to cause him to have good, or to choose for him the better thing, in an affair. (TA.) You say, كَانَ ذٰلِكَ خِيرَةً مِنَ اللّٰهِ [That was through God's blessing, prospering, or favour; &c.: or through God's choosing the better thing in the affair]. (A.) خِيَرَةٌ and ↓ خِيرَةٌ (of which the former is the better known, TA) are substs. from اِخْتَارَهُ, (K,) or from اِخْتَارَهُ اللّٰهُ, (S,) both signifying A thing, man, or beast, and things, &c, that one chooses: (TA:) or [a thing, &c.,] chosen, selected, or elected: (Mgh:) as in the saying, مُحَمَّدُ خِيَرَةُ اللّٰهِ مِنْ خَلْقِهِ and ↓ خِيرَتُهُ [Mohammad is the chosen, or elect, of God, from his creatures]: (S, Mgh: *) or ↓ خِيرَةٌ is a subst. from الاِخْتِيَارٌ, like فِدْيَةٌ from الاِفْتِدَآءُ; and خِيَرَةٌ is syn. with خِيَارٌ and اِخْتِيَارٌ; or is from تَخَيَّرْتُ الشَّىْءَ: or, as some say, خِيرَةٌ and خِيَرَةٌ are syn.: (Msb:) see 8; and see also خِيَارٌ: and ↓ هٰذِهِ خِيرَتِى (Msb, TA) or خِيَرَتِى (TA) means This is what I choose; (Msb, (TA;) and so هٰذَا خيرتى: and هٰؤُلَآءِ خيرتى

These are what I choose. (TA.) [See مُخْتَارٌ.]

b2: See also خِيرَةٌ.

خُورَى: see خَيْرٌ, in two places.

خَيْرَى: see خَيْرٌ.

خِيرَى: see خَيْرٌ, in two places.

خَيْرِىٌّ Of, or relating to, خَيْر, or good, &c.]

خِيرِىٌّ Of, or relating to, or possessing, generousness, generosity, liberality, or munificence. (Msb.) A2: And hence, (Msb,) or [thus applied] it is an arabicized word, (S,) [from the Persian خِيرِىْ,] The مَنْثُور [or gilliflower:] but generally applied to the yellow species thereof; [so in the present day;] for it is this from which is extracted its oil, which is an ingredient in medicines. (Msb.) [Accord. to Golius, “Viola alba, ejusque genera: Diosc. iii. 138: ” and he adds, as on the authority of Ibn-Beytár, “spec. luteum. ”]

b2: And خِيرِىُّ البَرِّ The خُزَامَى [q. v.]; because it is the most pungent in odour of the plants of the desert. (Msb.) خَيْرِيَّةٌ The quality of خَيْرٌ; i. e. goodness.]

خِيَارٌ a subst. from الاِخْتِيَارُ; (S, Mgh, K;) meaning Choice, or option; (Msb;) and so ↓ خِيَرَةٌ in the Kur [xxviii. 68], مَاكَانَ لَهُمُ الخِيَرَةُ They have not choice, or option; (Mgh;) or the meaning of these words is, it is not for them to choose in preference to God; (Fr, Zj;) and so, accord. to Lth, ↓ خِيرَةٌ, as being an inf. n. [or rather a quasi-inf. n., though this seems doubtful,] of اختار. (TA.) You say, إِنَّ فِى الشَّرِّ خِيَارًا [Verily in evil there is a choice, or an option]; i. e. what may be chosen: a prov. (TA.) And أَنْتَ بِالخِيَارٍ and ↓ بِالْمُخْتَارِ [in some copies of the K بالمخيار, which, as is said in the TA, is a mistranscription, Thou hast the choice, or option]; i. e. choose thou what thou wilt. (K.) And البَيْعُ صَفْقَةٌ أَوْ خِيَارٌ Selling is decisive or with the option of returning. (Mgh in art. صفق.) Hence, خِيَارُ الرُّؤْيَةِ The choice of returning [on seeing it] a thing which one has purchased without seeing it. (Mgh, * Msb, * KT.) And خِيَارُ المَجْلِسِ [The choice of returning a thing purchased while sitting with the seller]. (TA.) And خِيَارُ العَيْبِ [and النَّقِيصَةِ] The choice of returning a thing to the seller when it has a fault, a defect, or an imperfection. (KT.) And خِيَارُ الشَّرْطِ The choice of returning a thing purchased when one of the two contracting parties has made it a condition that he may do so within three days or less. (KT.) And خِيَارُ التَّعْيِينِ The choice of specifying [ for instance] one of two garments, or pieces of cloth, which one has purchased for ten pieces [of money, or some other sum,] on the condition of so doing. (KT.) b2: See also مُخْتَارٌ, in three places. and see خَيْرٌ, in the middle of the paragraph, where it is explained as an epithet applied to a sing. subst., either masc. or fem. See also the first sentence of that paragraph. b3: It is also a pl. of خَيْرٌ [q. v.] as an epithet, (A, Msb, K,) [and as a noun denoting the comparative and superlative degrees.]

A2: Also [A species of cucumber; cucumis sativus Linn. a fructu minore: (Delile, Flor. Aeg. Illustr., no. 927 :)] i. q. قِثَّآءٌ: (S:) or resembling the قثّآء; (K, &c.;) which is the more suitable explanation: (TA:) or i. q. قَثَدٌ [q. v.]: an arabicized word: (Mgh:) [from the Persian خِيَارٌ:] not Arabic. (S.) b2: خِيَارُ شَنْبَرَ [The cassia fistula of Linn.;] a well-known kind of tree; (K;) a species of the خَرُّوب, resembling a large peach-tree; (TA;) abounding in Alexandria and Misr; (K;) and having an admirable yellow flower: (TA:) the latter division [or rather the whole] of the name is arabicized [from the Persian خِيَارْ چَنْبَرْ]. (TA.) خُيَيْرٌ: see خَيْرٌ, [of which it is the dim.,] in two places, in the latter half of the paragraph.

خَيِّرٌ, and its fem. خَيِّرَةٌ, and pl. fem. خَيِّرَاتٌ: see خَيْرٌ, (used as an epithet,) in eight places, in the former half of the paragraph.

خَائِرٌ [Doing good, or well: &c.:] act. part. n. of خَارَ. (S, TA.) أَخْيَرُ, and its pls. أَخَايِرُ and أَحْيَرُونَ: see خَيْرٌ, in eight places, in the latter half of the paragraph.

اِخْتِيَارِىٌّ [Of, or relating to, the will, or choice].

صِفَةٌ اخْتِيَارِيَّةٌ [meaning A quality which originates from, or depends upon, the will, or choice, i. e. an acquired quality,] is opposed to خِلْقِيَّةٌ. (Msb in art. مدح, &c.) مَخْيَرَةٌ [A cause of good: and hence,] excel-lence, and eminence, or nobility: so in the phrase, فُلَانٌ ذُو مَخْيَرَةٍ [Such a one is a possessor of eminence, &c.]. (A, TA.) مُخَيِّرٌ: see what follows.

مُخْتَارٌ act. part. n. [of 8, signifying Choosing, selecting, or electing]. (TA.) b2: And pass. part. n. [of the same, signifying Chosen, selected, elected, or preferred: and choice, select, or elect; as also ↓ خِيَارٌ, which signifies like wise the best of anything; often used in this sense, as a sing. and as a pl.; and excellent, or excellent and brisk, applied to a he-camel and to a she-camel; as mentioned above, voce خَيْرٌ]. (TA.) You say also ↓ جَمَلٌ خِيَارٌ in the sense of مُخْتَارٌ [A choice he-camel], and ↓نَاقَةٌ خِيَارٌ in the sense of مُخْتَارَةٌ [A choice she-camel]. (TA.) [See also خِيَرَةٌ.] The dim. of مُخْتَارٌ is ↓ مُخَيِّرٌ: the ت is thrown out because it is augmentative; and the ى is changed into ى because it was changed from ى in مختار: (S:) one should not say مُخَيْتِيرٌ. (El-Hareeree's Durrat el-Ghowwás, in De Sacy's Anthol. Gr. Ar. p. 49 of the Arabic text.) b3: See also خِيَارٌ.