وقف

1 وَقَفَ He was, or became, still, or stationary; (Msb;) [he stood still;] he continued standing: (K:) and [simply] he stood; contr. of جَلَسَ. (TA.) b2: وَقَفَ الدَّابَّةَ, inf. n. وَقْفٌ, He made the beast to be, or become, still, or motionless. (Msb.) b3: وَقَفَ عَلَيْهِ He stopped, or paused, upon coming to him, or it; he stopped, or paused, at it; or where he, or it, was. b4: وَقَفَ عَلَى شَىْءٍ He paused at, and paid attention to, a thing. b5: وَقَفَ عَلَيْهِ He comprehended it, namely, a meaning: he understood it. (TA. [Or, correctly, وُقِفَ, for it is there altered.]) b6: He met with it; namely, a word or the like, in reading: often occurring in this sense. b7: وُقِفَ عَلَيْهِ He saw it: and he was introduced into it, and knew what was in it. (TA.) He was made to know it surely. See Bd, vi. 27 and 30. b8: وَقَفْتُهُ على ذَنْبِهِ I made him acquainted with, or made him to know, his crime, sin, fault, or the like; (S, K:) and so عَلَيْهِ ↓ أَوْقَفَهُ, q. v. (Mgh.) b9: وَقَفَ, aor. وَقِفَ

, inf. n. وُقُوفٌ, He withstood, resisted: governing by عَنْ. b10: وَقَفَهُ and ↓ أَوْقَفَهُ and ↓ وَقَّفَهُ [He bequeathed it, or gave it, unalienably:] the first of these is the most chaste: the last is disapproved and rare. (TA, art. حبس.) See مُؤَبَّدٌ.2 وَقَّفَهُ عَلَى الأَمْرِ [He made him to pause, or wait, at the thing, or affair]. (K, TA, in art. ثبط.) See the quasi-pass. تَوَقَّفَ: and see ثَبَّطَهُ. b2: وَقَّفَهُ, inf. n. تَوْقِيفٌ He taught him the places of pausing, in reading. (Mgh.) And hence, He made him to know a thing. (Mgh.) b3: وَقَّفَهُ عَلَى الشَّىْءِ, meaning عَرَّفَهُ إِيَّاهُ, He made him acquainted with the thing; informed him of it; gave him notice of it; though often occurring, for وَقَفَهُ عَلَيْهِ, seems to be post-classical. It is used in this sense, or as meaning He (God) revealed to him the thing, in many places in the Mz, 1st نوع: as, for ex, in the following instance, cited from IF, وَقَّفَ اللّٰهُ آدَمَ عَلَى مَا شَآءَ

أَنْ يُعَلِّمَهُ إِيَّاهُ [God taught, or revealed to, Adam what He pleased to teach him]. b4: وَقَّفَ الحَدِيثَ, (JK,) inf. n. تَوْقِيفٌ, (K,) He explained the tradition; syn. بَيَّنَهُ. (JK, K. *) b5: تَوْقِيفٌ, as a legal term: see نَصَّ عَلَى شَىْءٍ مَّا. b6: See 1 3 وَاقَفَ He stood with another in a competition; was a partner in a match, &c.: see رَسِيلٌ.4 أَوْقَفَ see 1. b2: أَوْقَفَهُ عَلَى شَىْءٍ He acquainted him with a thing. b3: اوقفته عَلَى ذَنْبِهِ: see وَقَفْتُهُ, which is the expression commonly known.5 تَوَقَّفَ عَلَى الشَّىْءِ (tropical:) He paused, or waited, at the thing; syn. تَلَبَّثَ. (IDrd, K, TA.) (Accord. to some copies of the K, تَثَبَّتَ.] Yousay, تَوَقَّفْتُ عَلَى هٰذَا الأَمْرِ (tropical:) I paused, or waited, at this thing, or affair. (TA.) And تَوَقَّفَ عَلَى

جَوَابِ كَلَامِهِ (tropical:) [He paused, or waited, at the reply to his speech]. (TA.) And hence, تَوَقَّفَ عَلَى السَّمَاعِ He limited, or restricted, himself to what had been heard [from the Arabs, with respect to a construction, &c.]; did not transgress it, or overstep it. See مُتَوَقَّفٌ. b2: تَوَقَّفَ فِيهِ (assumed tropical:) He paused upon it; he hesitated, or deliberated, respecting it. Of very frequent occurrence. b3: تَوَقَّفَ عَنِ الأَمْرِ (assumed tropical:) He held, refrained, or abstained, from the thing, or affair. (Msb.) b4: تَوَقَّفَ عَلَى كَذَا It (for instance, an opinion or a judgment, and the truth of an evidence or a demonstration, and the result of an inquiry or investigation) rested, was founded or grounded, depended, or was dependent, upon such a thing. You say, of knowledge, يَتَوَقَّفُ حُصُولُهُ عَلَى كَذَا Its origination rests upon such a thing; as, for instance, speculation.

وَقْفٌ An entailed, or unalienable, legacy or gift; a mortmain. See أَرْقَبَ. b2: الوُقُوفُ بِعَرَفَات The halting of the pilgrims at Mount 'Arafát.

حَبِطَ مَوْقِفُ الفَرَسِ The horse's belly was inflated: see حَبِطَ.

مَوْقُوفُ عَلَى حَدِّ كُفْرٍ

Brought to the verge of infidelity: see حَدٌّ.

أَنَا مُتَوَقّفٌ فى هٰذَا [I am pausing, or hesitating, respecting this;] I do not form, or give, a decided opinion (لَا أُمْضِى رَأْيًا) respecting this. (TA.)

ظ

أر1 ظَأَرَهَا, (S, Mgh, K,) or ظَأَرَهَا عَلَى وَلَدِ غَيْرِهَا, (M,) aor. ـَ (M, K,) inf. n. ظَأْرٌ (S, M, K) and ظِئْارٌ, (M, K,) He made her (a camel, S, Mgh) to incline to, or to affect, a young one not her own, (S, M, Mgh, K,) and to suckle it; (M, K;) as also ↓ أَظْأَرَهَا, and ↓ ظَآءَرَهَا: (K:) and [it is also said that] ظِئَارٌ signifies the making a she-camel to incline to, or to affect, and suckle, the young one of another, by the application of a غِمَامَة in her nose, (S, * K, * TA,) i. e. by stopping her nose, and also her eyes, (TA,) and by the insertion of a دُرْجَة [q. v.] composed of rags into her vulva, (رَحِم, T, TA, or حَيَآء, S), and closing its [i. e. the vulva's] edges by means of two pointed pieces of wood stuck through, and putting upon her a غِمَامَة covering her head, and leaving her in this state until it distresses her, (T, TA,) and she imagines herself to be in labour; (TA;) when the درجة is pulled out from her vulva (حَيَآء), and the young one of another is brought near to her, having its head and skin bedaubed with what has come forth with the درجة from the lower part of the vulva; (T, * TA;) then they open her nose and her eyes; (TA;) and when she sees and smells the young one, she imagines that she has brought it forth, and yields it milk: moreover, when the درجة is inserted, the space between the two edges of her vulva is closed by a thong [passed round the extremities of the two pointed pieces of wood]. (T, TA.) It is said in a trad., of 'Omar, (T,) or Ibn-'Omar, (S, TA,) that he purchased a she-camel, and, seeing in her the laceration on the occasion of ظِئْار, returned her. (T, S, * TA.) b2: [Hence,] ظَأَرَهُ عَلَى أَمْرِ كَذَا, and ↓ أَظَأَرَهُ, and ↓ ظَآءَرَهُ, (tropical:) He made him to incline to such a thing: (Lth, T, TA:) and ظَأَرَنِى عَلَى الأَمْرِ, (so in the CK,) or ↓ ظَآءَرَنِى

عَلَيْهِ, (M, TA, and so in some copies of the K,) inf. n. مُظَآءَرَةٌ, (TA,) he endeavoured to turn me, or to entice me, to do the thing; (M, K, TA;) it not being in my mind: (TA:) or he compelled me to do the thing, against my will; (K, TA;) I having refused to do it. (TA.) It is said in a prov., الطَّعْنُ يَظْأَرُ, meaning, Thrusting, or piercing, with the spear inclines [one's enemies] to peace: (As, T, A, K:) J says يَظْأَرُهُ, as also IKtt, which F disapproves; but others approve it: or the reading of the S is ↓ يُظْئِرُهُ. (TA.) The Arabs also said, الطَّعْنُ ظِئَارُ قَوْمٍ (M, K) Thrusting, or piercing, with the spear is a means of inclining a people to peace; (K;) meaning, make people to fear, that they may love thee. (M, K.) It is also said, in a trad. of 'Alee, أَظْأَرُكُمْ إِلَى الحَقِّ وَأَنْتُمْ تَفِرُّونَ مِنْهُ, [perhaps a mistake for على الحقّ,] I incline you [or I endeavour to turn you] to the truth, and ye flee from it. (TA.) A2: ظَأَرَتْ, (S, K,) [of which ظُؤُورَةٌ, q. v., appears to be an inf. n.; or you say ظَأَرَتْ عَلَى وَلَدِ غَيْرِهَا, and عَلَى بَوٍّ;] and ↓ اِظَّأَرَتْ; (T, M, K; in one copy of the K اِظْآرَّتْ;) She (a camel, T, S, M) inclined to, or affected, a young one not her own, (T, M, K,) and suckled it: (K:) or inclined to, or affected, the stuffed skin of a young camel. (S.) b2: [Hence,] ظَأَرَ عَلَى عَدُوِّهِ (tropical:) He returned against his enemy. (A, TA.) A3: And ظَأَرَ, aor. ـَ (Msb;) or ـَ inf. n. مُظَآءَرَةٌ. (Az, S;) He took to himself a ظِئْر [or nurse]. (Az, S, Msb.) [See also 8.]3 ظَاَّ^َ see 1, in four places. b2: One says also, ظَآءَرَتْ, (inf. n. مُظَآءَرَةٌ, T, A,) She took to herself a child to suckle. (T, M, A, K.) b3: And بَيْنَهُمَا مُظَآءَرَةٌ There is between them two that relation which consists in each one's being the ظِئْر [or rather the fosterer of the child] of the other. (M, K.) A2: ظَاوِرْ occurs in a trad. for ظَائِرْ. (TA.) [But in what sense is not explained.]4 أَظْاَ^َ see 1, in three places.8 إِظْتَاَ^َ see 1, near the end. b2: اِظَّأَرَ لِوَلَدِهِ ظِئْرًا, (S, and so in some copies of the K,) or اِظْطَأَرَ, (M, and so in some copies of the K,) the former being similar to اِظَّلَمَ, (S,) means He took a nurse for his child. (S, M, K.) 10 استظأرت She (a bitch) desired the male: (K:) mentioned by AM; but he says, “I hesitate respecting it. ” (TA.) [I think it is probably a mistake for استطارت, mentioned in art. طير.

See also ظُؤْرَى.]

ظَأْرٌ Anything accompanied by the like thereof: thus applied to a run (عَدْوٌ): (As, T, TA:) in the K, and in the Tekmileh, عَدُوٌّ is erroneously put for عَدْوٌ: (TA:) and عَدْوٌ ظَأْرٌ is used by the poet El-Arkat, in describing [wild] asses, as meaning a run not unsparingly performed. (T, TA.) ظِئْرٌ One that inclines to, or affects, the young one of another, and suckles [or fosters] it; applied to a human being, (M, A, K,) and to a camel, (M,) or other [animal]; (A, K;) to a female and to a male: (M, A, K:) or a she-camel that inclines to, or affects, the young one of another; (Msb;) as also ↓ ظَؤُورٌ: (S:) and hence applied also to a strange woman that nurses, or fosters, the child of another: and likewise to a man who fosters the child of another: and also pronounced ظِيرٌ, with the ء suppressed: (Msb:) and the epithet ظِئْرَةٌ is also applied to a female: (A:) the pl. [of pauc.] is أَظْؤُرٌ (M, K) and أَظْآرٌ, (S, M, A, Msb, K,) [which latter is also used as a pl. of mult., accord. to an ex. given in the A;] and [the proper pls. of mult. are] ظُؤُورٌ and ↓ ظُؤَارٌ, (S, M, K,) which last is an extr. form, (M,) and ↓ ظُؤْرَةٌ, (M, K,) or, accord. to Sb, this is a quasipl. n., (M,) and ظُؤُورَةٌ, (M, K,) like فُحُولَةٌ and بُعُولَةٌ: (M:) or the pl., applied to camels, is ↓ ظُؤَارٌ; and to women, ظُؤُورَةٌ: (M:) or to women, ظِئَارٌ and ↓ ظُؤَارٌ: (Msb:) ↓ ظُؤُورَةٌ also signifies a nurse: (IAar:) and ↓ ظَؤُورٌ signifies the same as ظِئْرٌ: (TA:) or a she-camel made to incline to, or affect, the young one of another; (M;) as also ↓ مَظْؤُورَةٌ: (S:) or that keeps close to the young one, or to the stuffed skin of a young one. (M.) b2: [The pl.] ↓ ظُؤَارٌ is also applied (by a poet, M, TA) to (tropical:) The three stones upon which the cooking-pot is placed: (S, M, K, TA:) likened to camels; (M, TA;) because of their inclining (S, M, TA) towards, (S,) or around, (M, TA,) the ashes. (S, M, TA.) b3: And ظِئْرٌ signifies also (tropical:) An angle, or a corner, of a قَصْر [or pavilion, &c.]. (K.) b4: And (assumed tropical:) A buttress built against a wall; (K, * TA;) likewise called ↓ ظِئْرَةٌ. (TA.) ظُؤْرَةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

ظِئِرَةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

ظُؤْرَى A cow desiring the male: (K:) mentioned by Az, on the authority of AHát; and said to have no verb. (TA. [But see 10, above.]) ظُؤَارٌ: see ظِئْرٌ, in four places.

ظِئَارٌ A غِمَامَة [q. v.] that is put into the nose of a she-camel to make her to incline to, or affect, the young one of another, in order that she may not perceive the smell of her young one. (A.) [See also 1.]

ظَؤُورٌ: see ظِئْرٌ, in two places.

ظُؤُورَةٌ Inclination to, or affection for, the young one of another: (M, K:) it may be an inf. n., as well as a pl. [of ظِئْرٌ]. (M.) b2: Also [The relation in which one stands by being a ظِئْر, or nurse:] like عُمُومَةٌ and خُؤُولَةٌ &c. (TA.) b3: See also ظِئْرٌ, latter half.

مَظْؤُورَةٌ: see ظِئْرٌ, latter half.

هُوَ مُظَائِرٌ لَهَا He is the father of the child which she is nursing. (T, TA. *)

ظلم

1 ظَلَمَ, aor. ـِ has for its inf. n. ظَلْمٌ, (M, Msb, K, and so in some copies of the S,) or ↓ ظُلْمٌ, (so in other copies of the S,) or both, (T,) or the latter is a simple subst., (T, M, Msb, TA,) which is put in the place of the inf. n., (TA, [and the same is indicated in the T and K by the saying that the proper inf. n. is with fet-h,]) and ↓ مَظْلِمَةٌ, (S, TA,) or this is likewise a simple subst., (Msb,) and ↓ مَظْلَمَةٌ, [or this also is a simple subst.,] and ↓ ظِلَامٌ also is said to be an inf. n. like ظُلْمٌ, these two being like لِبَاسٌ and لُبْسٌ, [or it is a simple subst. like as ظُلْمٌ is said to be, or it is an inf. n. of 3, as such occurring in the middle of this paragraph,] or, accord. to Kr, it is pl. of ظُلْمٌ [like as رِمَاحٌ is pl. of رُمْحٌ]: (TA:) [ظَلَمَ when intrans. generally means He did wrong; or acted wrongfully, unjustly, injuriously, or tyrannically: and when trans., he wronged; or treated, or used, wrongfully, unjustly, injuriously, or tyrannically; or he misused:] accord. to most of the lexicologists, (Er-Rághib, TA,) primarily, (As, T, S, Msb,) ↓ الظُّلْمُ signifies the putting a thing in a place not its own; putting it in a wrong place; misplacing it: (As, T, S, M, Er-Rághib, Msb, K:) and it is by exceeding or by falling short, or by deviating from the proper time and place: (Er-Rághib, TA:) or the acting in whatsoever way one pleases in the disposal of the property of another: and the transgressing the proper limit: (El-Munáwee, TA:) [i. e.] the transgressing the proper limit much or little: (Er-Rághib, TA:) or, accord. to some, it primarily signifies النَّقْص [as meaning the making to suffer loss, or detriment]: (MF, TA:) and it is said to be of three kinds, between man and God, and between man and man, and between a man and himself; every one of which three is really لِلنَّفْسِ [i. e. a wrongdoing to oneself]: (Er-Rághib, TA:) [when it is used as a simple subst.,] the pl. of ظُلْمٌ, accord. to Kr. is ظِلَامٌ, as mentioned above, and ↓ ظُلَامٌ, with damm, is said to be syn. with ظُلْمٌ, or a pl. thereof, [of an extr. form, commonly regarded as that of a quasi-pl. n.,] like رُخَالٌ. (TA.) One says, مَنِ اسْتَرْعَى الذِّئْبَ فَقَدْ ظَلَمَ [He who asks, or desires, the wolf to keep guard surely does wrong, or puts a thing in a wrong place]: a prov. (S, Msb.) And مَنْ أَشْبَهَ أَبَاهُ فَمَا ظَلَمَ, (As, T, S,) a prov., meaning [Whoso resembles his father in a quality, or an attribute,] he has not put the likeness in a wrong place. (As, T. [See art. شبه.]) وَلَمْ تَظْلِمْ مِنْهُ شَيْئًا, in the Kur [xviii. 31], means وَلَمْ تَنْقُصْ [i. e. And made not aught thereof to suffer loss, or detriment]: (M, K:) and in like manner Fr explains the saying in the Kur [ii. 54 and vii. 160], وَمَا ظَلَمُونَا وَلٰكِنْ كَانُوا أَنْفُسَهُمْ يَظْلِمُونَ And they made not us to suffer loss, or detriment, by that which they did, but themselves they made to suffer loss, or detriment: (T, TA:) in which sense it seems to be indicated in the A that the verb is tropical. (TA.) b2: It is also trans. by means of بِ; as in the phrase in the Kur [vii. 101 and xvii. 61] فَظَلَمُوا بِهَا, because the meaning is كَفَرُوا [i. e. And they disbelieved in them], referring to the آيَات [or signs]; (M, TA; *) the verb having this meaning tropically or by implication; or being thus made trans. because implying the meaning of التَّكْذِيب: or [the meaning is, and they wronged themselves, or the people, because of them; for], as some say, the ب is causative, and the objective complement, i. e. أَنْفُسَهُمْ, or النَّاسَ, is suppressed. (TA.) b3: and it is doubly trans. by itself: (TA:) one says, ظَلَمَهُ حَقَّهُ [He made him to suffer loss, or detriment, of his right, or due; or defrauded, or despoiled, or deprived, him of it]; and حَقَّهُ ↓ تظلّمهُ: (M, K:) [and] you say, فُلَانٌ ↓ تَظَلَّمَنِى, [as well as تظلّمنى مَالِى, occurring in a verse cited in the M,] meaning ظَلَمَنِى مَالِى [i. e. Such a one caused me to suffer loss, &c., of my property]. (S.) It is said in the Kur [iv. 44], إِنَّ اللّٰهَ لَا يَظْلِمُ مِثْقَالَ ذَرَّةٍ, for لَا يَظْلِمُهُمْ مِثْقَالَ ذَرَّةِ, and the verb is made doubly trans. because the meaning is لَا يَسْلُبُهُمْ [i. e. Verily God will not despoil them, or deprive them, of the weight of one of the smallest of ants, or a grub of an ant, &c.]: or مِثْقَالَ ذَرَّةٍ, may be put in the place of the inf. n., for ظَلْمًا حَقِيرًا كَمِثْقَالِ ذَرَّةٍ [i. e. with a paltry spoliation or deprivation, such as the weight of one of the smallest of ants, &c.]. (M.) b4: One says also, أَرَادَ ظِلَامَهُ and مُظَالَمَتَهُ, [these two nouns being inf. ns. of ↓ ظَالَمَهُ, or the former, as mentioned above, is, accord. to some, an inf. n. of ظَلَمَ,] meaning ظُلْمَهُ or ظَلْمَهُ [i. e. He desired the wronging, &c., of him]. (M, K.) b5: ظَلَمَهُ, inf. n. ظُلْمٌ [or ظَلْمٌ?], also means He imposed upon him a thing that was above his power, or ability. (TA.) And يُظْلَمُ He is asked for a thing that is above his power, or ability. (S.) b6: And one says, ظَلَمَ البَعِيرَ (tropical:) He slaughtered the camel without disease. (S, K, TA.) And ظُلِمَتِ النَّاقَةُ (assumed tropical:) The she-camel was slaughtered without disease: or was covered without her desiring the stallion. (M.) And ظَلَمَ الحِمَارُ الأَتَانَ (tropical:) The he-ass leaped the she-ass (K, TA) before her time: (TA:) or when she was pregnant: (K, TA:) so in the A. (TA.) b7: And ظَلَمَ الوَطْبَ, (S, K,) inf. n. ظُلْمٌ [or ظَلْمٌ?], (S,) (tropical:) He gave to drink of the milk of his skin before its becoming thick (S, K, TA) and its butter's coming forth. (TA. [And the like is said in the T and M.]) And ظَلَمَ القَوْمَ (assumed tropical:) He gave to drink to the people, or party, (T, M, K,) milk before it had attained to maturity, (T, K,) as related on the authority of A 'Obeyd, (T,) or [milk such as is termed] ظَلِيمَة: (M:) but this is a mistake: it is related on the authority of Ahmad Ibn-Yahyà [i. e. Th] and AHeyth that one says, ظَلَمْتُ السِّقَآءَ, and اللَّبَنَ, meaning I drank, or gave to drink, what was in the skin, and the milk, before its attaining to maturity and the extracting of its butter: accord. to ISk, one says, ظَلَمْتُ وَطْبِىَ القَوْمَ, [but I think that it is correctly ظَلَمْتُ وَطْبِى لِلْقَومِ, agreeably with a verse cited in the T and M,] meaning I gave to drink [to the people, or party,] the contents of my milk-skin before the thickening thereof. (T.) And ظَلَمْتُهُ is said of anything as meaning (assumed tropical:) I did it hastily, or hurriedly, before its proper time, or season. (M, TA.) b8: ظَلَمْتُ الحَوْضَ means (assumed tropical:) I made the watering-trough in a place in which watering-troughs should not be made. (ISk, T.) And ظَلَمَ الأَرْضَ means (tropical:) He dug the ground in what was not the place of digging: (M, K, TA:) or when it had not been dug before. (M.) And, said of a torrent, (assumed tropical:) It furrowed the earth in a place that was not furrowed. (T.) And ظَلَمَ البِطَاحَ, said of a torrent, (tropical:) It reached the بطاح [or wide water-courses containing fine, or broken, pebbles, &c.], not having reached them before. (A, TA.) And ظَلَمَ الوَادِى (tropical:) The water of the valley reached a place that it had not reached before. (Fr, T, S, K, TA.) b9: When men have added upon the grave other than its own earth, لَا تَظْلِمُوا (tropical:) [Transgress not ye the proper limit] is said to them. (TA.) b10: And one says, لَا تَظْلِمْ وَضَحَ الطَّرِيقِ (assumed tropical:) Turn not thou from the main part, or the beaten track, of the road. (M.) And لَا تَظْلِمْ عَنْهُ شَيْئَا (assumed tropical:) Turn not thou from it at all. (T.) And لَزِمَ الطَّرِيقَ فَلَمْ يَظْلِمْهُ (assumed tropical:) [He kept to the road, and] did not turn from it to the right and left. (TA.) b11: And مَا ظَلَمَكَ

أَنْ تَفْعَلَ (T, K, TA) (tropical:) What has prevented thy doing (K, TA) such a thing? (TA.) A man complained to Abu-l-Jarráh of his suffering indigestion from food that he had eaten, and he said to him, مَا ظَلَمَكَ أَنْ تَقِىْءَ (assumed tropical:) [What has prevented thy vomiting?]. (Fr, T.) And one says, مَا ظَلَمَكَ عَنْ كَذَا (assumed tropical:) What has prevented thee from such a thing? (T.) Respecting the saying قَالَ بَلَى يَا مَىَّ وَاليَوْمُ ظَلَمْ [addressed by a man to a woman who had invited him to visit her], Fr says, they say that the meaning is حَقًّا [Truly, or in truth; i. e. He said, Yes, O Meiya, truly, or in truth, I will visit thee]; and it is a prov.; (T;) or اليَوْمُ ظَلَمَ, or بَلَى وَاليَوْمُ ظَلَمَ, is a prov.; (Meyd;) and thus it was expl. by IAar, as used in the manner of an oath: but Fr says, in my opinion the meaning is, and a day in which is a cause of prevention shall not prevent me: [so that the words of the hemistich above may be rendered, he said, Yes, O Meiya, though the day present an obstacle, for I will overcome every obstacle]: (T:) accord. to Kr, قَدِمَ فُلَانٌ وَاليَوْمُ ظَلَمَ means Such a one came truly, or in truth: [or it may be rendered such a one came though the day presented an obstacle:] but in the saying إِنَّ الفِرَاقَ اليَوْمَ وَاليَوْمُ ظَلَمْ the meaning is said by some to be وَاليَوْمُ ظَلَمَنَا [i. e. Verily separation is to-day, and the day has wronged (us)]: or, as some say, ظلم here means, has put the thing in a wrong place: (M:) accord. to ISk, the phrase وَاليَوْمُ ظَلَم means[And, or but, or though,] the day has put the affair in a wrong place. (T.) [See also Freytag's Arab. Prov. ii. 911.]

A2: ظَلِمَ, said of the night: see 4.2 ظلّمهُ, inf. n. تَظْلِيمٌ, (T, S, &c.,) He told him that he was ظَالِم [i. e. doing wrong or acting wrongfully &c., or a wrongdoer]: (T:) or he attributed, or imputed, to him ظُلْم [i. e. wrongdoing, &c.]. (S, M, Msb, K.) b2: And He (a judge) exacted justice for him from his wronger, and aided him against him. (T.) 3 ظَاْلَمَ see 1, in the middle of the paragraph.4 اظلم, said of the night, (Fr, T, S, M, Msb, K,) and ↓ ظَلِمَ, (Fr, T, S, K,) the latter with kesr, (S,) like سَمِعَ, (K,) [erroneously written in the TT as from the M ظَلَمَ,] It became dark; (S, K;) or it became black; (M;) or it came with its darkness. (Msb.) It is said in the Kur [ii. 19], وَإِذَا أَظْلَمَ عَلَيْهِمْ قَامُوا [And when it becomes dark to them they stand still]; the verb being intrans.: or, accord. to the Ksh, and Bd follows it, it may be trans. [so that the meaning is, and when He makes their place dark &c.]; as is shown by another reading, which is أُظْلِمُوا: accord. to AHei, it is known by transmission as only intrans.; but Z makes it to be trans. by itself; Ibn-Es-Saláh affirms it to be trans. and intrans.: and Az [so in the TA, but correctly ISd, in the M,] mentions the saying, تَكَلَّمَ فَأَظْلَمَ عَلَيْنَا البَيعتَ (assumed tropical:) [He spoke, and made dark to us the house, or chamber, or tent], meaning he made us to hear what we disliked, or hated, the verb being trans. (TA.) b2: And أَظْلَمُوا They entered upon the ظَلَام [or darkness, or beginning of night]: (S, M, Msb, K:) or, as in the Mufradát [of Er-Rághib], they became in darkness. (TA.) b3: And they said, مَا أَظْلَمَهُ and ما أَضْوَأَهُ [How dark is it! and How light, or bright, is it!]; which is anomalous. (S, TA.) A2: And اظلم الثَّغْرُ The front teeth glistened. (T, K.) Hence the saying [of a poet], إِذَا مَا اجْتَلَى الرَّائِى إِلَيْهَا بِطَرْفِهِ غُرُوبَ ثَنَايَاهَا أَضَآءَ وَأَظْلَمَا [as though meaning, When the beholder of her with his eye looks at the fineness, or sharpness, (but غُرُوب is variously explained,) of her central teeth, it shines brightly, and glistens: but Az plainly indicates another meaning; i. e., he sees (lit. lights on, or finds,) brightness and lustre; for he immediately adds, without the intervention of وَ or أَوْ, evidently in relation to this verse,] أَضَآءَ

أَىْ أَصَابَ ضَوْءًا وَأَظْلَمَ أَصَابَ ظَلْمًا: (T:) [and ISd cites the verse above with the substitution of بِعَينِهِ for بِطَرْفِهِ and of أَنَارَ for أَضَآءَ immediately after saying that] أَظْلَمَ signifies he looked at the teeth and saw lustre (الظَّلْمَ). (M.) [In the K, next after the explanation of اظلم الثَّغْرُ given above, it is added that اظلم said of a man signifies أَصَابَ ظَلْمًا: thus, with fet-h, to the ظ, accord. to the TA: in my MS. copy of the K and in the CK, ظُلْمًا, which is doubtless a mistranscription.]5 تظلّم مِنْهُ CCC (T, S, M, K, [but in some copies of the S, منه is omitted,]) He complained of his ظُلْم [or wrongdoing, &c.], (S, M, K,) إِلَى الحَاكِمِ [to the judge]: (T:) in some copies of the S, تُظُلِّمَ. (TA.) b2: And تظلّم signifies also He transferred the responsibility for the ظُلْم [or wrongdoing, &c.,] upon himself, (M, K,) accord. to IAar, who has cited as an ex., كَانَتْ إِذَا غَضِبَتْ عَلَىَّ تَظَلَّمَتْ [as though meaning She used, when she was angry with me, to transfer the responsibility for the wrongdoing upon herself; which may mean that she finally confessed the wrongdoing to be hers]; but [ISd says] I know not how that is: the تَظَلُّم in this case is only the complaining of الظُّلْم; for when she was angry with him, it was not allowable [to say] that she attributed the ظُلْم to herself. (M.) b3: See also 1, former half, in two places.6 تظالم القَوْمُ (S, M, Msb) The people, or company of men, treated, or used, one another wrongfully, unjustly, injuriously, or tyrannically (ظَلَمَ بَعْضُهُمْ بَعْضًا). (M, Msb.) b2: And [hence]

تَظَالَمَتِ المِعْزَى (tropical:) The goats smote one another with their horns by reason of their being fat and having abundance of herbage. (IAar, M, TA.) One says, وَجَدْنَا أَرْضًا تَظَالَمَ مِعْزَاهَا (tropical:) We found a land whereof the goats smote one another with their horns by reason of satiety and liveliness. (T, TA.) 7 إِنْظَلَمَ see the next paragraph.8 اِظَّلَمَ (T, S, M, K) and اِظْطَلَمَ and اِطَّلَمَ, (S, M,) which last is [said to be] the most usual, (S,) [but I have mostly found the first to be used,] of the measure اِفْتَعَلَ, (S, M,) He took upon himself [the bearing of] ظُلْم [or wrong, &c.,] in spite of difficulty, trouble, or inconvenience: (S, TA:) or he bore الظُّلْم [or wrong, &c.,] (T, M, K, TA,) willingly, being able to resist; (T, TA;) and ↓ اِنْظَلَمَ signifies [thus likewise, or] he bore الظُّلْم. (S, M, K.) ظَلْمٌ The lustre, and brightness, of gold. (Z, TA.) b2: And hence, (Z, TA,) The lustre (lit. running water) upon the teeth; (Lth, T, Z, TA;) the lustre (مَآء, S, M, K, and بَرِيق, S, K) of the teeth, (Lth, T, S, M, Z, K, TA,) from the clearness of the colour, not from the saliva, (Lth, * T, * M,) like blackness within the bone thereof, by reason of the intense whiteness, (S, K,) resembling the فِرِنْد [q. v.] of the sword, (S, K,) or appearing like the فِرِنْد [of the sword], so that one imagines that there is in it a blackness, by reason of the intense lustre and clearness: (M:) or, accord. to Sh, whiteness of the teeth, as though there were upon it [somewhat of] a blackness: or, as Abu-l-'Abbás ElAhwal says, in the Expos. of the “ Kaabeeyeh,”

lustre (lit. running water) of the teeth, such that one sees upon it, by reason of its intense clearness [app. meaning transparency], what resembles dustcolour and blackness: or, accord. to another explanation, fineness, or thinness, and intense whiteness, of the teeth: (TA:) pl. ظُلُومٌ. (S, M.) b3: Also Snow: (M, K:) it is said to have this meaning: and the phrase مُشْرَبَةِ الثَّنَايَا بِمَآءِ الظَّلْمِ, used by a poet, may mean [Having the central teeth suffused with the lustre termed ظَلْم, as is indicated in the T and S, or] with the water of snow. (Lth, T.) ظُلْمٌ [as a simple subst. generally means Wrong, wrongdoing, injustice, injuriousness, or tyranny]: see 1, first sentence, in two places. b2: [ظُلْمُ الارضِ in the CK is a mistranscription for ظَلَمَ الأَرْضَ. b3: And الظُلْمُ in one place in the CK, as syn. with الظَّلْمَآءُ, is a mistake for الظُّلْمَةُ.]

لَقِيتُهُ أَدْنَى ظَلَمٍ, (S, M, K,) or أَدْنَى ذِى ظَلَمٍ, (K, TA, [in the CK اَوَّلَ ذِى ظَلَمٍ,]) means (tropical:) I met him the first of everything: (S, K, TA:) or the first thing: (M:) or when the darkness was becoming confused: (M, K:) or أَدْنَى ظَلَمٍ meansnear; (El-Umawee, S, M, K;) or nearness: (M, K:) and one says, هُوَ مِنْكَ أَدْنَى ذِى ظَلَمٍ

[app. He is near thee], and رَأَيْتُهُ أَدْنَى ذِى ظَلَمٍ

[app. I saw him near]: (M:) and ظَلَمٌ is also syn. with شَخْصٌ [as meaning an object seen from a distance, or a person]; (K;) or, as some say, it has this meaning in the phrase أَدْنَى ظَلَمٍ [so that لَقِيتُهُ أَدْنَى ظَلَمٍ may mean I met him the nearest object seen from a distance, or the nearest person]: (M:) and accord. to Kh, one says, ↓ لَقِيتُهُ أَدْنَى ظُلْمَةٍ, or أَوَّلَ ذِى ظُلْمَةٍ, (as in different copies of the S,) meaning I met him the first thing that obstructed my sight. (S.) b2: ظَلَمٌ signifies also A mountain: and the pl. is ظُلُومٌ. (M, K.) ظُلَمٌ an appellation of Three nights (T, S, K) of the lunar month (T, S) next after the three called دُرَعٌ; (T, S, * K; *) so says A'Obeyd: (T:) thus called because of their darkness: (S:) the sing. is ↓ ظَلْمَآءُ; (T, S;) so that it is anomalous; for by rule it should be ظُلْمٌ; (S;) and the sing. of دُرَعٌ is دَرْعَآءُ: so says A'Obeyd: but accord. to AHeyth and Mbr, the sings. are ↓ ظُلْمَةٌ and دُرْعَةٌ, agreeably with rule; and this is the correct assertion. (T. [See more in art. درع, voce أَدْرَعُ.]) ظِلَمٌ: see ظِلَّامٌ.

ظُلْمَةٌ (T, S, M, Msb, K) and ↓ ظُلُمَةٌ (S, M, K) [accord. to the CK ظُلْمٌ and ظُلُمٌ, both of which are wrong,] and ↓ ظَلْمَآءُ (S, M, Msb, K) Darkness; contr. of نُورٌ: (S, Msb:) or nonexistence of نُور [or light]: or an accidental state that precludes the coëxistence therewith of نُور: (Er-Rághib, TA:) or the departure of light; as also ↓ ظَلَامٌ; (M, K;) which last has no pl.; (T, TA;) or this last signifies the beginning, or first part, of night, (S, M, Msb,) even though it be one in which the moon shines; and is said by Sb to be used only adverbially; one says, أَتَيْتُهُ ظَلَامًا, meaning I came to him at night, and مَعَ الظَّلَامِ i. e. at the time of the night: (M, TA:) the pl. of ظُلْمَةٌ is ظُلَمٌ and ظُلُمَاتٌ and ظُلَمَاتٌ (T, S, Msb) and ظُلْمَاتٌ, (S, Msb,) or, accord. to IB, the first of these pls. is of ظُلْمَةٌ and the second is of ظُلُمَةٌ. (TA.) One says, ↓ هُوَ يَخْبِطُ الظَّلَامَ [or فِى الظَّلَامِ, expl. in art. خبط], and الظُّلْمَةَ [which means the same] and ↓ الظَّلْمَآءَ [which is also expl. in art. خبط]. (TA.) b2: ظُلْمَةٌ is also [tropically] used as a term for (assumed tropical:) Ignorance: and (assumed tropical:) belief in a plurality of gods: and (assumed tropical:) transgression, or unrighteousness: like as نُورٌ is used as a term for their contraries: (Er-Rághib, TA:) and it is said in the A that الظُّلْمُ is ظُلْمَةٌ, like as العَدْلُ is نُورٌ. (TA.) ظُلُمَاتُ البَحْرِ means (assumed tropical:) The troubles, afflictions, calamities, or hardships, of the sea. (M.) A2: And one says لَيْلَةٌ ظُلْمَةٌ, [using the latter word as an epithet, (in the CK, erroneously, ظَلِمَةٌ,)] and ↓ لَيْلَةٌ ظَلْمَآءُ, both meaning A night intensely dark; (M, K;) or the latter means مُظْلِمَةٌ [i. e. dark, or black]: (S:) and ↓ لَيْلٌ ظَلْمَآءُ also, (M, K,) which is anomalous, (K,) mentioned by IAar, but [ISd says] this is strange, and in my opinion he has put لَيْلٌ in the place of لَيْلَةٌ, as in his mentioning لَيْلٌ قَمْرَآءُ [q. v.]. (M.) b2: See also ظُلَمٌ: b3: and see the paragraph next preceding it.

ظِلْمَةٌ sing. of ظِلَمٌ: see ظِلَّامٌ.

ظُلُمَةٌ: see ظُلْمَةٌ.

ظَلْمَآءُ: see ظُلْمَةٌ, in four places: and see also ظُلَمٌ.

ظَلَامٌ: see ظُلْمَةٌ, in two places.

ظُلَامٌ: see 1, in the first quarter of the paragraph.

ظِلَامٌ: see 1, near the beginning: A2: see also ظِلَّامٌ.

A3: It signifies also Little, or small, in quantity: or mean, contemptible, paltry, or of no weight or worth: b2: whence the saying, نَظَرَ إِلَىَّ ظِلَامًا, meaning شَزْرًا [i. e. He looked at me from the outer angle of the eye, with anger, or aversion]. (K.) ظَلُومٌ: see ظَلَّامٌ. b2: [Hence,] one says اِمْرَأَةٌ ظَلُومٌ لِلسِّقَآءِ (assumed tropical:) [A woman wont to give to drink the milk of the skin before its attaining to maturity and the extracting of its butter: see ظَلَمَ الوَطْبَ, and what follows it, in the first paragraph]. (M.) ظَلِيمٌ [as syn. with مَظْلُومٌ in the primary sense of the latter I have not found: but as an epithet in which the quality of a subst. predominates it signifies] (tropical:) Milk that is drunk before its becoming thick and its butter's coming forth or being extracted; (S, * M;) as also ↓ ظَلِيمَةٌ, (T, S, M,) and ↓ مَظْلُومٌ. (T, S.) b2: And (assumed tropical:) A place that is ↓ مَظْلُوم [i. e. dug where it should not be dug]: (M, TA:) used in this sense by a poet describing a person slain in a desert, for whom a grave was dug in a place not proper for digging [it]. (M.) b3: And (tropical:) The earth of land that is ↓ مَظْلُومَة (S, K, TA) i. e. dug, (TA,) or dug for the first time. (S.) And (assumed tropical:) The earth of the لَحْد [or lateral hollow] of a grave; which is put back, over it, after the burial of the dead therein. (T, TA.) A2: Also The male ostrich: (T, S, M, K:) said (by IDrd, TA) to be so called because he makes a place for the laying and hatching of the eggs (يُدَحِّى, inf. n. تَدْحِيَةٌ,) where the doing so is not proper: (M, TA:) or, accord. to Er-Rághib and others, because he is believed to be deaf: (TA:) pl. ظِلْمَانٌ (T, M, K) and ظُلْمَانٌ (M, K) and أَظْلِمَةٌ, (T, M,) which last is a pl. of pauc. (T.) b2: And الظَّلِيمَانِ is an appellation of Two stars; (M, K, * TA;) the two stars of القَوْس [or Sagittarius] that are on the northern curved end of the bow [i. e.

λ and μ, above the nine stars called النَّعَائِم, or “ the ostriches ”]. (Kzw in his descr. of Sagittarius.) And الظَّلِيمُ is the name of The bright star α] at the end of النَّهْر [i. e. Eridanus]: and A star upon the mouth of الحُوت [i. e. Piscis Australis] (Kzw in his descr. of Eridanus.) [It seems to be implied in the K that الظَّلِيمُ is the name of two stars; or it may be there meant that each of two stars is thus called. Freytag represents the sing. as “ a name of stars,” and the dual also as “ a name of stars; ” referring, in relation to the former, to Ideler's “ Untersuch,” pp. 201, 228, and 233; and in relation to the latter, to the same work, pp. 106 and 184.]

ظُلَامَةٌ: see مَظْلِمَةٌ.

ظَلِيمَةٌ: see مَظْلِمَةٌ: b2: and see also ظَلِيمٌ.

ظَلَّامٌ (TA) and ↓ ظِلِّيمٌ (S, TA) [and ↓ ظَلُومٌ, mentioned in the M and K with ظَالِمٌ, as though syn. therewith, but it is an intensive epithet,] One who acts wrongfully, unjustly, injuriously, or tyrannically, much, or often; i. q. كَثِيرُ الظُّلْمِ. (S, TA.) b2: ظَلَّامُونَ لِلْجُزُرِ occurs in a verse of Ibn-Mukbil [meaning (assumed tropical:) Men often slaughtering camels without disease]. (T, S.) A2: See also what next follows.

ظِلَّامٌ (AHn, T, M, K) and ↓ ظَلَّامٌ (T) and ↓ ظِلَامٌ (K) and ↓ ظَالِمٌ and ↓ ظِلَمٌ, (T, K,) the last mentioned by IAar, and its sing. is ↓ ظِلْمَةٌ, (T,) accord. to AHn, A certain herb, (M, K, TA,) which is depastured; (M, TA;) accord. to IAar, a strange kind of tree; (T, TA;) accord. to As, a kind of tree (T, TA *) having long [shoots such as are termed] عَسَالِيج [pl. of عُسْلُوجٌ q. v.], (T, K, TA,) which extend so that they exceed the limit of the أَصْل [i. e. either root or stem] thereof; for which reason the tree is called ظَلَّام. (T, TA.) ظِلِّيمٌ: see ظَلَّامٌ.

ظَالِمٌ [Acting wrongfully, unjustly, injuriously, or tyrannically: and wronging; or treating, or using, wrongfully, &c.:] part. n. of ظَلَمَ: (M, K:) and ↓ مُتَظَلِّمٌ signifies the same; as well as complaining of his wrongdoer: (T:) [the pl. of the former is ظَالِمُونَ and ظَلَمَةٌ:] and ظَلَمَةٌ signifies those who debar men from, or refuse to them, their rights, or dues. (IAar, T, TA.) A2: See also ظِلَّامٌ.

أَظْلَمُ [More, and most, wrongful, unjust, injurious, or tyrannical, in conduct]. El-Muärrij says, I heard an Arab of the desert say to his companion, أَظْلَمِى وَأَظْلَمُكَ فَفَعَلَ اللّٰهُ بِهِ, meaning The more wrongful in conduct of me and of thee [may God do to him what He will do; i. e. may God punish him]. (T.) [And] one says, لَعَنَ اللّٰهُ أَظْلَمِى وَأَظْلَمَكَ i. e. [May God curse] the more wrongful in conduct of us. (K. [But in the TA, a doubt is intimated as to the correctness of this latter saying.]) One says also, لَهُوَ أَظْلَمُ مِنْ حَيَّةٍ [i. e. Verily he is more wrongful in conduct than a serpent]: because it comes to a burrow which it has not excavated, and makes its abode in it: (Fr, T:) for it comes to the burrow of the [lizard called] ضَبّ, and eats its young one, and takes up its abode in its burrow. (TA voce حَيَّةٌ.) b2: And الأَظْلَمُ is an appellation of The ضَبّ; because it eats its young ones. (TA.) مُظْلِمٌ [Becoming dark, &c.: see its verb, 4]. b2: [Hence,] شَعَرٌ مُظْلِمٌ (tropical:) Hair intensely black. (M, K, TA.) And نَبْتٌ مُظْلِمٌ (tropical:) A plant intensely green, inclining to blackness by reason of its [deep] greenness. (M, K, TA.) And يَوْمٌ مُظْلِمٌ (tropical:) A day of much evil: (K, TA:) or a very evil day: and a day in which one finds hardship, or difficulty. (M.) And أَمْرٌ مُظْلِمٌ (tropical:) An affair such that one knows not how to enter upon it; (Az, M, K;) and so ↓ أَمْرٌ مِظْلَامٌ: (K:) [or,] accord. to Lh, one says ↓ يَوْمٌ مِظْلَامٌ, meaning (assumed tropical:) a day such that one knows not how to enter upon it. (M.) مَظْلِمَةٌ and مَظْلَمَةٌ: see 1, near the beginning. b2: Also the former, (T, S, M, Mgh, Msb, K,) and the latter likewise, mentioned by Ibn-Málik and ISd and IKtt, and مَظْلُمَةٌ, which is disallowed by several but mentioned on the authority of Fr, and all three are mentioned in the Towsheeh and in copies of the S, (MF, TA,) and ↓ ظُلَامَةٌ, (T, S, M, Mgh, Msb, K,) and ↓ ظَلِيمَةٌ, (S, TA,) A thing of which one has been defrauded; (M, K; [in the CK, تَظَلَّمَهُ is erroneously put for تُظُلِّمَهُ;]) a thing of which thou hast been defrauded, (اَلَّتِى

ظُلِمْتَهَا, T,) or a thing that thou demandest, (مَا تَطْلُبُهُ, S, Msb,) in the possession of the wrongdoer; (T, S, Msb;) a term for a thing that has been taken from thee; (S; [thus, as is said in the M, the first is expl. by Sb;]) a right, or due, that has been taken from one wrongfully: (A, Mgh:) the pl. of مظلمة is مَظَالِمُ. (Mgh, TA.) In the phrase يَوْمُ المَظَالِمِ, [meaning The day of the demand of things wrongfully taken, and particularly applied to the great day of judgment,] the prefixed noun [i. e. طَلَبِ] is suppressed. (Mgh.) [Respecting the office termed النَّظَرُ فِى المَظَالِمِ The examination into wrongful exactions, see De Sacy's Chrest. Ar., see. ed., i. 132.]

مُظَلَّمٌ (assumed tropical:) A house, or chamber, decorated with pictures; (M, TA;) as though the pictures were put therein where they should not be: it is related in a trad. that the Prophet, having been invited to a repast, saw the house, or chamber, to be مُظَلَّم, and turned away, not entering: (M:) or adorned with gilding and silvering; an explanation disapproved by Az, but pronounced by Z to be correct, from الظَّلْمُ signifying “ the lustre, and brightness, of gold. ” (TA.) b2: and (assumed tropical:) Herbage spreading (مُنْبَثٌّ [in the CK مُنْبَت]) upon the ground, not rained upon. (K, TA.) b3: Also, of birds, (assumed tropical:) The رَخَم [or vultur percnopterus], and crows, or ravens. (IAar, M, K. *) مِظْلَامٌ: see مُظْلِمٌ, in two places.

مَظْلُومٌ [Wronged; treated, or used, wrongfully, unjustly, injuriously, or tyrannically: b2: and hence used in other senses]: see ظَلِيمٌ, in three places.

أَرْضٌ مَظْلُومَةٌ is also expl. as meaning (tropical:) Land that is dug in a place not proper for digging: (TA:) or land in which a watering-trough has been dug, not being a proper place for digging it: (ISk, M:) or land in which a well, or a wateringtrough, has been dug, when there had not been any digging therein: (A, TA:) or hard land, when it is dug. (Ham p. 56.) Also (assumed tropical:) Land upon which rain has not fallen. (T.) And بَلَدٌ مَظْلُومٌ (assumed tropical:) A country upon which rain has not fallen, and wherein is no pasturage for the camels upon which people journey. (T.) مُتَظَلِّمٌ: see ظَالِمٌ. Quasi ظلى 5 تظلّى: see 5 in art. ظل.

فسخ

1 فَسَخَ, (S, A, L, K,) aor. ـَ (S, L, K,) inf. n. فَسْخٌ; (S, L;) and ↓ فسّخ; (L; [but this has an intensive signification;]) He dislocated, luxated, or disjointed, (A, L, K,) one's arm, or hand, (S, A, L, K,) or a limb, without breaking: (L:) [and] فَسَخْتُ المَفْصِلَ عَنْ مَوْضِعِهِ I removed the joint from its place. (Msb.) b2: And the former v., aor. and inf. n. as above, He removed a stick, or twig, or branch, from its place with his hand. (Msb.) b3: And the same v., (S, Msb,) aor. as above, (A,) and so the inf. n., (K,) He cast, or cast off, (S, Msb, K,) a garment, (S, Msb,) or his garments. (A.) You say, فَسَخْتُ عَنِّى ثَوْبِى

I cast, or cast off, from me my garment. (S.) b4: And the same v., (L, Msb,) [aor. and] inf. n. as above, (K,) He separated, disunited, sundered, dissundered, or dispersed, (L, Msb, K,) a thing. (L, Msb.) b5: Also, the same verb, (S, A, L, Msb,) aor. as above, (L,) and so the inf. n., (L, Msb, K,) (tropical:) He undid, dissolved, or annulled, (S, A, L, Msb, K,) a sale, (S, A, L, Msb,) and a determination, resolution, or decision, (S,) and a marriage, (S, A, L,) and a contract, compact, or covenant, and an affair. (Msb.) b6: And the same v., (L, Msb,) [aor. and] inf. n. as above, (L, K,) (assumed tropical:) He (a man, Msb) corrupted, or disordered, the judgment, or opinion. (L, Msb, K.) A2: فَسِخَ, aor. ـَ (L, K,) inf. n. فَسَخٌ; (L;) or فَسَخَ, this v. being intrans. as well as trans.; (Msb;) (assumed tropical:) It (the judgment, or opinion,) was, or became, corrupt, or disordered. (L, Msb, K.) b2: [And, accord. to the TK, فَسِخَ, (but this I think to be a mistake for فَسَخَ,) inf. n. فَسْخٌ, signifies ضَعُفَ ((assumed tropical:) He was, or became, weak, app. in intellect and in body; see فَسْخٌ below); said of a man: and جَهِلَ (app. intrans., meaning (assumed tropical:) He was, or became, ignorant; but accord. to the TK trans., meaning he knew not a thing).] b3: In the conventional language of the philosophers, الفَسْخُ [as an inf. n.] signifies (assumed tropical:) The transmigration of the rational soul of a human being from his body to [some one of] the inanimate, not increasing, bodies, such as the minerals, or metals, and the simple elements: (Dict. of Technical Terms used in the Sciences of the Musalmans:) or, to a plant: the former meaning being that of الرَّسْخُ. (So in a marginal note in a copy of the TK.) 2 فَسَّخَ see the preceding paragraph, first sentence.3 فاسخهُ البَيْعَ (tropical:) [He agreed with him in undoing, dissolving, or annulling, the sale]. (A. [See 6.]) 4 افسخ القُرْآنَ (assumed tropical:) He forgot the Kur-án. (Fr, S.) 5 تَفَسَّخَ see 7, in two places. b2: تفسّخ الشَّعَرُ عَنِ الجِلْدِ The hair fell off and became scattered from the skin, peculiarly of a dead body: (L, K:) and in like manner, اللَّحْمُ عَنِ العَظْمِ the flesh from the bone. (A, L.) And تَفَسَّخَتِ الفَأَرَةُ فِى المَآءِ The rat, or mouse, became dissundered, [or fell in pieces, through putrefaction,] in the water. (S.) b3: تفسّخ تَحْتَ الحِمْلِ الثَّقِيلِ, said of a [young camel such as is termed] رُبَع, (S, K, *) He was, or became, weak beneath the heavy load, (K,) and unable to bear it: (S, K:) and [in like manner] one says of a man, تفسّخ تَحْتَ العِبْءِ الثَّقِيلِ. (A.) 6 تفاسخوا العَقْدَ (assumed tropical:) They agreed together in undoing, dissolving, or annulling, the contract, compact, or covenant. (Msb.) And تفاسخا البَيْعَ (tropical:) [They two agreed in dissolving, or annulling, the sale]. (A.) b2: And تفاسخت الأَقَاوِيلُ (tropical:) The sayings annulled, or contradicted, one another. (TA.) 7 انفسخ It (a limb, L, such as an arm, or a hand, A, L) became dislocated, luxated, or disjointed; (A, L;) as also ↓ تفسّخ. (L.) One says, وَقَعَ فُلَانٌ فَانْفَسَخَتْ قَدَمُهُ Such a one fell, and his foot became dislocated. (L. [And the like is said in the A.]) b2: It (a stick, or twig, or branch,) became removed from its place by the hand. (Msb.) b3: It (flesh) became dissundered by putrefaction; as also ↓ تفسّخ. (L.) b4: And, said of a sale, (S, A, K,) and a determination, resolution, or decision, (S, K,) and a marriage, (S, A, K,) [and a contract, compact, or covenant, (see 1,)] and an affair, (L,) (tropical:) It became undone, dissolved, or annulled. (S, A, L, K.) b5: Also said of a weak man, [app. as meaning (assumed tropical:) He became unnerved,] on an occasion of difficulty. (L: see فَسِيخٌ.) فَسْخٌ [mentioned above as the inf. n. of 1 in most of its senses] (assumed tropical:) Weakness (L, K) in intellect and in body; as also ↓ فَسْخَةٌ. (L.) b2: and (assumed tropical:) Ignorance: (K:) which is referrible to weakness of intellect. (TA.) A2: And (assumed tropical:) Weak in intellect and in body; as also ↓ فَسْخَةٌ. (K.) b2: See also فَسِيخٌ.

فَسِخٌ (assumed tropical:) A corrupt, or disordered, judgment, or opinion. (L.) فَسْخَةٌ: see فَسْخٌ, in two places.

فَسِيخٌ [applied to flesh-meat, Parting in pieces, and easily resolvable, by reason of much cooking. (Golius, from Meyd.) b2: And] (assumed tropical:) A weak man, who becomes unnerved (↓ يَنْفَسِخُ) on an accasion of difficulty: (L:) a man who does not attain that which he wants, (S, L, K,) and is not fit for his affair, or business; as also ↓ فَسْخٌ [q. v.]. (K.) ثَوْبٌ فَاسِخٌ [(assumed tropical:) A faded garment: so in the language of the present day: perhaps post-classical]. (A in art. رمد.) A2: [الفَاسِخُ is a name given by the Jews to their festival of The Passover: see De Sacy's Chrest. Ar., sec. ed., i. 291, and p. 97 of the Ar. text: and see also الفِصْحُ.]

فسر

1 فَسَرَ, aor. ـِ (S, M, O, Msb, K) and فَسُرَ, (M, K,) inf. n. فَسْرٌ; (S, M, O, Msb, K;) and ↓ فسّر, (S, M, K,) inf. n. تَفْسِيرٌ; (S, K;) which latter is the more common; (IKtt;) or the latter has an intensive signification; (Msb;) He discovered, detected, revealed, developed, or disclosed, a thing that was concealed or obscured; (IAar, O, K;) or a meaning perceived by the intellect: (B:) he rendered a thing apparent, plain, or clear; explained, expounded, or interpreted, it: (S, M, O, Msb, K:) accord. to Th (O, K, TA) and IAar, (TA,) ↓ تَفْسِيرٌ and تَأْوِيلٌ signify the same; (O, K, TA;) and so these and مَعْنًى: (O, TA:) or ↓ تفسير signifies the discovering, detecting, revealing, developing, or disclosing, what is meant by a dubious expression; and تأويل signifies the “ reducing one of two senses, or interpretations, which an expression bears, or admits, to that which suits the apparent meaning: ” (O, L, K, TA:) or the latter, the “ turning a verse of the Kur-án from its apparent meaning to a meaning which it bears, or admits, when the latter is agreeable with the Kur-án and the Sunneh: ” for instance, in the phrase in the Kur [vi. 95, &c.], يُخْرِجُ الْحَىَّ مِنَ الْمَيِّتِ, if the meaning be [thus explained], “He produceth the bird from the egg,” this is ↓ تفسير: and if the meaning be [thus explained], “He produceth the believer from the unbeliever,” or “ the knowing from the ignorant,” this is تأويل: (KT:) or ↓ تفسير signifies the expounding, explaining, or interpreting, the narratives that occur collected without discrimination in the Kur-án, and making known the significations of the strange words or expressions, and explaining the occasions on which the verses were revealed; and تأويل, the “ explaining the meaning of that which is مُتَشَابِه, [or what is equivocal, or ambiguous,] i. e., what is not understood without repeated consideration. ” (TA.) b2: Also فَسَرَ, inf. n. فَسْرٌ; and ↓ فسّر, inf. n. تَفْسِرَةٌ, (S, O, K,) like تَذْكِرَةٌ; (TA;) or تَفْسِرَةٌ has the last of the significations assigned to it below as a subst.; (O, K, TA;) or it is postclassical; (S, O, K;) He (a physician) examined, or inspected, urine, (S, O, K, [but the inf. ns. only are mentioned,]) that he might judge, by its colour, of the disease of the person from whom it came. (TA.) 2 فَسَّرَ see the preceding paragraph, in six places.5 تَفَسَّرَ see the next following paragraph.10 استفسرهُ كَذَا He asked him to explain, expound, or interpret, such a thing to him: (S, Msb, TA:) and ↓ تَفَسُّرٌ is like اِسْتِفْسَارٌ. (TA.) تَفْسِرَةٌ Anything by which is known the explanation and meaning of a thing: (O, TA:) or anything which interprets, or explains, the state, or condition, of a thing. (B, TA.) b2: Urine by means of which, (M, O, K,) or by means of the colour of which, (TA,) one seeks to obtain an indication of the disease (M, O, K, TA) of a patient: (O, TA:) or it is an inf. n., as mentioned above. (O, K.) [See 1, last sentence.]

أَوْرَدَ كَلَامَهُ غَيْرَ مُفَسَّرٍ: see عَاهِنٌ.

فيظ

1 فَاظَ, aor. ـِ inf. n. فَيْظٌ (ISk, T, S, M, K) and فُيُوظٌ and فَيَظَانٌ (S, M, K) and فَيْظَانٌ (Lh, TA) and فَيْظُوظَةٌ, (Lth, M, K,) He (a man, S) died; (ISk, T, S, M, K;) as also, (sometimes, S) ↓ فَاظَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. فَوْظٌ (ISk, T, S, M, K) and فَوَاظٌ; (S, K, TA; but in the CK, فُوَاظٌ, and there said to be with damm;) or, accord. to IJ, only the inf. n., فَوْظٌ, of the latter verb is used, though the verb itself is allowable on the ground of analogy. (M.) You say also, حَانَ فَيْظُهُ and ↓ فَوْظُهُ, [in the CK فُوْظُهُ,] The time came for his dying. (M, K.) In like manner, (S,) you say also, فَاظَتْ نَفْسُهُ His soul departed, or went forth; Lth, T, S, M;) on the authority of AO and Ks; and the like is related on the authority of Az; (S;) aor. ـِ (M,) inf. n. فَيْظٌ (Lth, T, M) and فَيْظُوظَةٌ; (Lth, T;) and [accord. to some,] فَاظَتْ نَفْسُهُ, inf. n. فَوْظٌ: (M:) or, when the نفس is mentioned, you say, فَاضَتْ, with ض: (K:) As says, I heard Aboo-'Amr Ibn-El-'Alà say that one should not say فَاظَتْ نَفْسُهُ, (T, * S, M, *) but فاظ, (S, M,) meaning “ he died; ” and not فَاضَ, with ض, decidedly; (S;) or not فَاضَتْ: (T:) [but what was said by As respecting these two verbs has been stated more fully, and variously, in art. فيض, q. v.:] AO says that فاظت نَفْسُهُ is of the dial. of Keys; and فاضت, of the dial. of Temeem: Fr says that the people of El-Hijáz and Teiyi say the former; and Kudá'ah and Temeem and Keys say the latter: AHát says, I heard Az say that Benoo-Dabbeh alone say the latter; and ElMázinee relates the like on the authority of Az. (TA.) b2: You say also, فَاظَ نَفْسَهُ, (Ks, S, M, K,) aor. ـِ (Ks, T,) He vomited forth his soul: (Ks, S, M, K:) the verb being trans. as well as intrans. (Ks, S.) 4 افاظهُ He (God) caused him to die. (K, TA.) And you say also, ضَرَبْتُهُ حَتَّى أَفَظْتُ نَفْسَهُ [I beat him, or smote him, until I made his soul to depart, or go forth]. (S.) And لَأُفِيظَنَّ نَفْسَكَ [I will assuredly cause thy soul to depart, or go forth] (M.) And افاظهُ اللّٰهُ نَفْسَهُ [God caused him to vomit forth his soul]. (Ks, T, S, M.) تفيّظوا أَنْفُسَهُمْ They constrained themselves to vomit forth their souls. (S, TA.) [But in one copy of the S, I find يُفِيظُوا أَنْفُسَهُمْ, expl. as meaning They cause to vomit forth their souls; which suggests that the right reading may perhaps be يُفِيظُوا: or it may be يَفِيظُوا, from فَاظَ نَفْسَهُ.]

فصل

1 فَصَلَ, (S, M, O, Msb, K,) aor. ـِ inf. n. فَصْلٌ, (M, Msb, K,) He separated, or divided, (S, O, Msb, K,) and put apart, (Msb,) a thing, (S, O, Msb, *) عَنْ غَيْرِهِ [from another thing], (Msb,) and بَعْضَهُ مِنْ بَعْضٍ [or عَنْ بَعْضٍ i. e. part thereof from part]. (M and TA in art. ميز.) And (K,) He made a separation, or partition, (M, K, TA,) بَيْنَهُمَا (M, TA *) i. e. between them two, meaning, two things, making it known that the former had come to an end: so says Er-Rághib: (TA:) and فَصَلَ الحَدُّ بَيْنَ الأَرْضَيْنِ, [aor. and] inf. n. as above, The limit, or boundary, made, or formed, a separation between the two lands: (Msb:) and فَصَلْتُ بَيْنَ القَوْمِ I made a division, or separation, between, or among, the people, or party. (O.) b2: [Hence,] فَصَلَ الرّضِيعَ عَنْ أُمِّهِ, (S, Mgh, O,) or المَوْلُودَ (M, K) عَنِ الرَّضَاعِ, (M,) aor. as above, (M, K,) inf. n. فِصَالٌ, (S, O,) or فَصْلٌ, and the former is a simple subst., (M, K,) or both, (Mgh,) He weaned [the suckling from his mother, or the young infant from sucking the breast]; (S, M, Mgh, O, K;) as also ↓ افتصلهُ: (S, M, O:) or فَصَلَتِ المَرْأَةُ رَضِيعَهَا, inf. n. فَصْلٌ, and فِصَالٌ is the subst., the woman weaned her suckling. (Msb.) b3: Hence also, i. e. from فَصَلَ as first expl. above, فَصْلُ الخُصُومَاتِ The deciding of litigations, altercations, or disputes: like فَصْلُ الخِطَابِ: (Msb:) or this latter means distinct, or plain speech; which he to whom it is addressed distinctly, or plainly, understands; which is not confused, or dubious, to him: (Ksh in explanation of it in the Kur xxxviii. 19, and Mgh:) or such as decides, or distinguishes, between what is true and what is false, (Ksh ibid., Mgh, O, K,) and what is sound and what is corrupt, (Ksh, Mgh,) and what is correct and what is erroneous: (Ksh:) or such as decides the judgment, or judicial sentence: (Er-Rághib, TA:) or the evidence, or proof, that is obligatory [as a condition of his justification] upon the claimant, or plaintiff, and the oath that is obligatory [in like manner] upon him against whom the claim, or plaint, is urged; (Ksh, O, K; [an explanation of which a part is dropped in the CK;]) thus accord. to 'Alee: (Ksh:) or the [using of the] phrase أَمَّا بَعْدُ. (Ksh, O, K. [Respecting this phrase, and for other explanations, see 3 in art خطب.]) كَلِمَةُ الفَصْلِ in the Kur xlii. 20 means The sentence of God's deciding between mankind on the day of resurrection, (O,) which is called يَوْمُ الفَصْلِ. (TA.) And الفَصْلُ [alone] means The deciding judicially between what is true and what is false; (M, O, K;) and, (O, K,) sometimes, (O,) so ↓ الفَيْصَلُ; (S, O, K;) or this latter is [a simple subst, i. e.,] a name for such decision; (TA;) and is also an epithet [expl. below]. (M, O, K.) هٰذَا يَوْمُ الدِّينِ هٰذَا يَوْمُ الْفَصْلِ, in the Kur xxxvii. 20 and 21, means [This is the day of requital:] this is the day wherein a decision, or a distinction, shall be made (يُفْصَلُ فِيهِ) between the doer of good and the doer of evil, and every one shall be requited for his work and with that wherewith God will favour his servant the Muslim. (M.) And إِنَّ رَبَّكَ هُوَ يَفْصِلُ بَيْنَهُمْ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ فِيمَا كَانُوا فِيهِ يَخْتَلِفُونَ, in the Kur xxxii. 25, means [Verily thy Lord] He shall decide [between them], and distinguish what is true from what is false, [on the day of resurrection,] by distinguishing the speaker of what is true from the speaker of what is false, in respect of that wherein they used to disagree, of what concerned religion. (Bd.) And one says also فَصَلَ الحُكْمَ [He decided the judgment, or judicial sentence]. (M.) فَصَلَ النَّظْمَ, in the K, is a mistake: see 2. (TA.) A2: فَصَلَ مِنَ النَّاحِيَةِ, (S, O,) or مِنْ البَلَدِ (K,) or عَنْ بَلَدِكَذَا, aor. ـُ (M,) inf. n. فُصُولٌ, (M, K,) He went forth [from the part of the country, or from the town or country, or from such a town or country]. (S, O, K.) And فَصَلَ العَسْكَرُ عَنِ البَلَدِ [The army went forth from the town or country]: whence the saying of the Prophet respecting Ibn-Rawáhah, كَانَ أَوَّلَنَا فُصُولًا وَآخِرُنَاقُفُولًا i. e. He was the first of us in going away (↓ اِنْفِصَالًا) from his house and his family and the last of us in returning to [it and] them. (Mgh.) And فَصَلَ فُلَانٌ مِنْ عِنْدِى, inf. n. فُصُولٌ, Such a one went forth [from my presence or vicinage, or from me]. (TA.) And فَصَلَ مِنِّى

كِتَابُ إِلَيْهِ [A letter] passed from me to him. (TA.) Thus the verb is intrans, as well as trans.; its inf. n. when it is trans, being فَصْلٌ; when intrans., فُصُولٌ. (TA.) b2: And فَصَلَ الكَرْمُ The vine put forth small grapes, resembling lentils or a grain similar thereto. (M, K.) 2 فصّل النَّظْمَ, (M, TA,) thus correctly, with teshdeed, bat in the K فَصَلَ, like نَصَرَ, (TA,) [inf. n. تَفْصِيلٌ,] He put between every two of the strung beads [or pearls] a bead such as is termed فَاصِلَةٌ [q. v., or what is described voce مُفَصّلٌ as an epithet applied to a necklace]. (M, K, TA.) b2: And فصّلتُ الشّىْءَ inf. n. تَفْصِيلٌ, I made the thing to consist of distinct portions or sections. (Msb.) b3: And فصّل الشّاةَ, (inf. n. as above, TA.) He (a butcher) divided the sheep, or goal, into limbs, or members. (S, O, TA.) b4: [Hence فصّل means also He cut a piece of cloth for a garment: and he cut out a garment: b5: whence تَفْصِيلٌ means The cut of a garment (See also De Sacy's Chrest. Ar., see. ed., i. 86-7.)] b6: and [hence, likewise,] تَفْصِيلٌ also signifies [The dissecting, or analyzing, of speech, or language: the explaining distinctly, or in detail: and] the making distinct, clear, plain, manifest, or perspicuous; i. q. تَبْيِينٌ. (S, O, K.) فَصَّلْنَاهُ in the Kur vii.50 [referring to the book of the Kur an] meansبيّنَّاهُ [Which we have made distinct, &c.]: or, as some say, whereof we have divided the verses by means of the فَوَاصِل [pl. of فَاصِلةٌ, q. v.]. (TA.) 3 فَاْصَلَ فاصل شَرِيكَهُ, (S, K, TA,) inf. n. مُفَاصَلَةٌ, (TA,) He separated himself from his partner, with the latter's concurrence; syn. بَايَنَهُ, (K, TA,) and فَارَزَهُ. (S and O and K in art. فرز.) 7 انفصل It became separated, or divided, (S, M, O, Msb, K,) and put apart (Msb.) b2: [and He went forth, or away; like the intrans. فَصَلَ.] See 1, near the end.8 إِفْتَصَلَ see 1, former half. b2: افتصل النَّخْلَةَ عَنْ مَوْضِعِهَا He transplanted the palm-tree. (AHn, M, K.) A man of Hejer [which is famous for its dates] said that the best of palm-trees is that of which the young one has been removed from its place of growth, which young one is called ↓ فَصْلَةٌ. (TA.) فَصْلٌ inf. n. of the trans. v. فَصَلَ [q. v. passim]. (M, Msb, K, TA.) [As a simple subst., it has various significations here following: and is] sing. of فُصُولٌ. (S, O.) b2: A separation, division, or partition, between two things. (M, K.) b3: The place of the مَفْصِل [i. e. joint, or articulation, and therefore of the division, of two bones] of the body: between every one such and another [that is the next to it] is a وِصْل [or limb, in the CK, erroneously, وَصْل]. (Lth, O, K.) See also مَفْصِلٌ. b4: As used by the Basrees, [in grammar,] it is [A disconnective] like عِمَادٌ as used by the Koofees: (O, K:) thus in the saying in the Kur [viii. 32], إنْ كَانَ هٰذَا هُوَ الْحَقَّ مِنْ عِنْدِكَ [lit. If this, it, be the truth from Thee], هو is termed فصل and عماد, [more commonly the former,] and الحقّ is in the accus. case as being the predicate of كان. (O.) b5: Also sing. of فُصُول in the phrase فُصُولُ السَّنَةِ [The four divisions of the year: namely autumn, winter, spring, and summer], expl. in art. زمن. (Msb: see زَمَنٌ.) b6: And A division, or section, of a باب [or chapter]; as being divided from others, or as forming a division between itself and others, so that it has the meaning of the measure مَفْعُولٌ or that of the measure فَاعِلٌ. (MF, TA.) b7: And The contr. of أَصْلٌ [as denoting relationship]: there are أُصُول of relationship and فُصُول thereof; [the former meaning the stocks and] the latter meaning the branches. (Msb. [See also other explanations of فَصْلٌ as opposed to أصْلٌ under the latter of these words ;) A2: [It is also used as an epithet;] One say (??) فَصْلٌ A true say or saying: (M, K;) not false: thus in the Kur [lxxxvi. 15]: (M.) or (??) there means distinguishing between what is true and what is false: and relates to the Kur án [itself]. (Ksh, Bd, Jel.) And it is said of the speech of the Prophet that it was فَصَلٌ لَانَزْرٌ وَلَا هَذَرٌ, (O, TA, but in the latter هَذْرٌ [to assimilate it in form to نَزْرٌ],) meaning Distinct, (O, TA,) clear, or plain, distinguishing between what is true and what is false; (TA;) not little are much. (O.) A3: And A general طَاعُون [i. e. plague or pestilence] (TA.) فَصْلَةٌ A transplanted palm-tree; (AHn, M, K;) a young palm-tree removed from its place of growth [meaning from its mother-tree]: pl. فَصَلَاتٌ. (TA.) See 8.

فِصَالٌ an inf. n., (S, Mgh, O,) or a simple subst., (M, Msb, K,) The weaning of a sucking infant. (S, M, Mgh, O, Msb, K.) It is said in the Kur [xlvi. 14], وَحَمْلُهُ وَفِصَالُهُ ثَلَاثُونَ شَهْرًا, (O, TA,) meaning And the period of the bearing of him in the womb and thenceforward to the end of the time of the weaning of him is thirty months. (TA.) And one says, هٰذَا زَمَنُ فِصَالِهِ This is the time of the weaning of him. (Msb.) فصِيلٌ A young camel when weaned from his mother: (S, M, Mgh, * O, K, TA:) and some times such a young one of the bovine kind: (TA:) [and by a proleptic application,] a young camel [in a general sense], because he is, or will be, weaned from his mother: (Msb:) [in the T, voce حُوَارٌ, and in other lexicons &c., it is applied to a young, newly-born, camel: and in the L, voce سُخْدٌ, to a fœtus in a she-camel's belly: see an ex. of its meaning a young sucking camel (one of many such exs.) in the first paragraph of art. رجل; and a strange similar usage of the first of the following pls. in a verse cited voce خَسْفٌ:] the pl. is فُصْلَانٌ, (Sb, S, M, Mgh, O, Msb, K,) agreeably with rule, (Sb, M,) and فِصْلَانٌ, (Sb, Fr, M, Msb, K,) formed by likening the sing. to غُرَابٌ, of which غِرْبَانٌ is a pl., (Sb, M,) and فِصَالٌ, (Sb, S, M, Msb, K,) as though it were an epithet, (Sb, M, Msb,) like كَرِيمٌ, of which كِرَامٌ, is a pl.: (Msb:) and the female is termed فَصِيلَةٌ. (M, K.) b2: Also A حَائِط [or wall of enclosure], (M, O, K,) having little height, (O, K,) before, or in front of, a fortress; (M, K;) or (K) before, or in front of, the [main] wall of a city or town. (O, K.) One says, وَثَّقُوا سُورَ المَدِينَةِ بِكِبَاشٍ

وَفَصِيلٍ [They strengthened the wall of the city by means of buttresses and a low wall in front of it]. (TA.) b3: And A piece of stone; of the measure فَعِيلٌ in the sense of the measure مَفْعُولٌ. (TA.) فَصِيلَةٌ A piece of the flesh of the فَخِذ [or thigh]: (Hr, IAth, O, K, TA:) or, accord. to Th, (O, in the K “ and ”) a piece of the limbs, or members, of the body. (O, K, TA.) b2: and A man's nearer, or nearest, رَهْط (S, M, O, K) and عَشِيرَة (M, K) [i. e. kinsfolk, or sub-tribe, &c.]: or [some] of the nearest of the عَشِيرَة of a man: from the first of the significations mentioned in this paragraph: (IAth, TA:) it signifies less than the فَخِذ: (Mgh, Msb:) or less than the قَبِيلَة: (TA:) [see شَعْبٌ in two places:] or the nearest to him of the آبَآء [meaning male ancestors and including paternal uncles] of a man: (Th, M, K, TA:) [or any one of such persons; for] El-'Abbás [one of Mohammad's paternal uncles] was called فَصِيلَةُ النَّبِيِّ: the term is like the مَفْصِل in relation to the human foot. (TA.) جَاؤُوا بِفَصِيلَتِهِمْ means They came, all of them, or all together. (S, O.) فَصَّالٌ and epithet applied to a man, (O,) Who praises men much in order that they may bestow upon him: an adventitious, not indigenous, word: (O, K:) [and] loquacious in every place. (MA.) فَاصِلٌ [as an act. part. n.] Separating; dividing; or making a separation, or partition. (Msb.) b2: It is said in a trad., مَنْ أَنْفَقَ نَفَقَةً فَاصِلَةً

فِى سَبِيل اللّٰهِ فَهِىَ بِسَبْعِمِائَة ضِعَفٍ, (S, * O, K, *) meaning [Whoso expends expense] such as distinguishes between his belief and his unbelief [i. e. such as distinguishes him as a believer, it shall be rewarded with seven hundred fold]: (S, O, K, TA:) or, as some say, such as he cuts off from his property. (TA.) And one says كَلَامٌ فَاصِلٌ (K and TA in art. فرز) and ↓ فَيْصَلٌ (A ibid.) i. q. فَارِزٌ (O and K, and TA ibid.) i. e. Discriminating language. (TA ibid.) And حُكْمٌ فَاصِلٌ and ↓ فَيْصَلٌ [A judgment, or judicial sentence, that is decisive, and therefore meaning,] that has effect; and in like manner, ↓ حُكُومَةٌ فَيْصَلٌ: and ↓ طَعْنَةٌ فَيْصَلٌ [An act of piercing or thrusting with a spear or the like] that decides between the two antagonists. (M, K, TA.) As an epithet applied to God, الفَاصِلُ means The Decider between the خَلْق [i. e. the human race, or these and other created beings,] on the day of resurrection. (Zj, TA.) فَيْصَلٌ: see 1, near the middle. It also signifies A cut, or severance, (O, TA,) such as is complete, (TA,) between two persons. (O, TA.) b2: and it is also an epithet: see فَاصِلٌ, in four places. b3: And [hence] it signifies (assumed tropical:) A judge, one who decides judicially, an arbiter, or arbitrator; (S, O, K;) and so ↓ فَيْصَلِىٌّ: (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K:) in the Expos. of the “ Miftáh ” [of Es-Sekkákee] by the seyyid [El-Jurjánee] it is implied that it is in this sense a tropical intensive appellation. (TA.) فَاصِلَةٌ A bead [or a bead of gold or a gem] that forms a separation, or division, between the pair of [other] beads [i. e. between every two other beads] in a string thereof. (M, K. [See also مُفَصَّلٌ.]) b2: And [hence] فَوَاصِلُ, of which it is the sing., (assumed tropical:) The final words of the verses of the Kur-án, (O, K,) and of the clauses of rhyming prose [in general], (Msb and K and TA in art. سجع,) that are like the rhymes of verses; (O and K in the present art., and Msb and TA in art. سجع;) and [the final words] of verses. (TA in art. سجع.) فَيْصَلِىٌّ: see فَيْصَلٌ.

مَفْصِلٌ Any place of meeting [or juncture, as being a place of separation,] of two bones of the body and limbs or members; as also ↓ فَصْلٌ: (M, K:) a single one of the مَفَاصِل of the limbs or members: (S, O, Msb, K:) [a joint such as the elbow and knee and knuckle: and sometimes a joint as meaning a bone having an articulation at each end, or at one end, together with the flesh that is upon it:] in a trad. in which it is said that the mulct for any مَفْصِل of a human being is the third of the mulct for the [whole] finger, it means the مَفْصِل of any of the fingers or toes; i. e. the portion between any أَنْمَلَتَانِ [here meaning two knuckles; but this is a loose and an imperfect explanation; for to it should be added, and also the ungual portion, or portion in which is the nail; for the word is here applied to denote any of the phalanges with the flesh that is upon it: in the T &c., in art. نمل, one of the explanations of الأَنْمَلَةُ is “ the مَفْصِل in which is the nail ”]. (TA.) b2: And [hence] one says, يَأْتِيكَ بِالأَمْرِ مِنْ مَفْصِلِهِ (assumed tropical:) [He will tell thee the thing, or affair, tracing it from the point on which it turns, or hinges; (like as one says, مِنْ فَصِّهِ, q. v.;) or], from its utmost point or particular, i. e., مُنْتَهَاهُ. (Msb.) [This saying may be originally a hemistich, thus: وَيَأْتِيكَ بِالأَمْرِ مِنْ مَفْصِلِهْ like the similar saying ending with فَصِّهِ.] b3: In the following saying of Aboo-Dhu-eyb, [the former half of which I give from art. طفل in the S, the latter half only being cited in the present art. in the S and M and O,] وَإِنَّ حَدِيثًا مِنْكِ لَوْ تَبْذُلِينَهُ جَنَى النَّحْلِ فِى أَلْبَانِ عُوذٍ مَطَافِلِ مَطَافِيلَ أَبْكَارٍ حَدِيثٍ نِتَاجُهَا تُشَابُ بِمَآءٍ مِثْلِ مَآءِ المَفَاصِلِ [And verily discourse from thee, if thou wouldst bestow it, would be (like) gathered honey of bees in the milk (lit. milks) of camels such as have recently brought forth, having young ones with them, such as have young ones with them [and] that have brought forth but once, whose bringing forth has been recent, such milk being mixed with water like the water of the مفاصل], المَفَاصِل (which is pl. of مَفْصِلٌ, S, O) signifies (accord. to As, S, O) the place of separation (↓ مُنْفَصَل) of the mountain from the tract of sand, these two having between them crushed and small pebbles, so that the water thereof is clear, (S, M, O,) and glistens, (وَيَبْرُقُ, S, O,) or and is shallow; (وَيَرِقُّ;) the poet meaning to describe the clearness of the water because of its descending from the mountain and not passing by dust nor earth: (M:) or it signifies hard stones (M, K) compactly disposed, or heaped up: (M, K: in the former, مُتَرَاصِفَة: in the latter, مُتَرَاكِمَة:) and (M, K) it is said to signify (M) what is between two mountains, (M, K,) consisting of sand and crushed pebbles, the water whereof is clear: (K:) or, accord. to AO, the water-courses of a valley: (O:) accord. to Abu-l-'Omeythil, the clefts in mountains, from which water flows; and only said of what are between two mountains: in the T, the مَفْصِل is said to be any place, in a mountain, upon which the sun does not rise: (TA:) and it is said that مَآءُ المَفَاصِلِ means what flows from between the two joints (مِنْ بَيْنِ المَفْصِلَيْنِ) when one of them is cut from the other; like clear water; and the sing. is مَفْصِلٌ: (M:) AA says that the مفاصل in the verse are the مفاصل of the bones; and that it likens that water to the مآء of the flesh: (O, TA:) and IAar says the like thereof. (TA.) المِفْصَلٌ (assumed tropical:) The tongue; (S, M, O, Msb, K;) as being likened to an instrument. (Msb.) عِقْدٌ مُفَصَّلٌ A necklace between every two pearls [or other beads] of which is put a bead [of another kind], (S, O, TA,) or a شَذْرَة [or bead of gold, &c.], or a gem, to form a division between every two of the same colour, or sort. (TA.) b2: آيَاتٍ مُفَصَّلَاتٍ, in the Kur [vii. 130] means [Signs, or miracles,] between every two whereof was made a separation by a period of delay: or which were made distinct, plain, or manifest. (TA.) b3: And المُفَصَّلُ is an appellation of The portion of the Kur-án from [the chapter entitled] الحُجُرَات [i. e. ch. xlix.] to the end; accord. to the most correct opinion: or from الجَاثِيَة [ch. xlv.]: or from القِتَال [ch. xlvii.]: or from قَاف [ch. l.]: or from الصَّافَّات [ch. xxxvii.]: or from الصَّفّ [ch. lxi.]: or from تَبَارَكَ [ch. lxvii.]: or from إِنَّا فَتَحْنَا [ch. xlviii.]: or from سَبِّحِ اسْمَ رَبِّكَ [ch. lxxxvii.]: or from الضُّحَى [ch. xciii.]: (K:) this portion is thus called because of its many divisions between its chapters: (Msb, K:) or because of the few abrogations therein: (K:) accord. to the A, it is the portion next after that called المَثَانِى. (TA.) مُنْفَصَلٌ: see مَفْصِلٌ, latter half.

ذهل

1 ذَهَلَ عَنْهُ, (JK, S, Msb, K,) aor. ـَ (S, K,) inf. n. ذَهْلٌ, (JK, S,) or ذُهُولٌ, (Msb,) or both; (K;) and ذَهِلَ, (S, Msb,) aor. ـَ (Msb,) inf. n. ذُهُولٌ; (S;) He forgot it, or neglected it; (S;) he was, or became, unmindful of it; (S, Msb:) or he neglected it intentionally; (JK, T, M, K, * TA; عَلَى عَهْدٍ in the K being a mistake for على عَمْدٍ, as in the [JK and T and] M; TA;) or in consequence of his being diverted by something: (T, K:) or he forgot it, or dismissed it from his mind, intentionally, and became diverted from it: (Z, Msb:) ذُهُولٌ is the neglecting a thing, dismissing it from the mind: (Ham p. 31:) or the quitting a thing, with confusion, or perplexity, or alienation of mind, such as arises from fear &c.: (Ksh and Bd in xxii. 2:) or the being diverted from one's constant companion, or familiar, so as to forget him; and being content to relinquish him: (K;) or diversion that occasions grief and forgetfulness. (Er-Rághib, TA.) Hence, in the Kur [xxii. 2], يَوْمَ تَرَوْنَهَا تَذْهَلُ كُلُّ مُرْضِعَةٍ عَمَّا

أَرْضَعَتٌ [On the when thou shalt see it, every woman giving suck shall forget, or neglect, &c., what she has suckled]. (TA.) A2: See also what next follows.4 أَذْهَلَنِى عَنْهُ, (JK, * S, Msb, TA,) inf. n. إِذْهَالٌ, (TA,) It (a thing, JK, S, TA,) or he, (a man, Msb,) caused me to forget it, or neglect it; (S;) or to be unmindful of it; (S, Msb;) or to neglect it intentionally: (JK:) [like أَذَهَنَنِى عنه:] and sometimes one says ↓ ذَهَلَنِى; (Msb, TA;) [like ذَهَنَنى;] but this is rare; or, rather, unknown. (TA.) ذَهْلٌ: see what next follows.

جَآءَ بَعْدَ ذُهْلٍ مِنَ اللَّيْلِ, (S, K, *) and ↓ ذَهْلٍ, (S, K,) He came after a short portion, or a period, (سَاعَة, K, or هَدْء, S,) of the night: (S, K:) so called because sleep causes men to forget (يُذْهِلُ النَّاسَ) therein: (Ham p. 4:) or a large portion; such as the third, or the half: so says IDrd; but he doubts its correctness; and ISd holds it to be preferably with د. (TA.) A2: ذُهْلٌ also signifies The tree [or plant] بَشَام [q. v.]. (JK, Sgh, K.) ذُهْلُولٌ A horse fleet, or swift: (K:) or light, or active: and so a man: pl. ذَهَالِيلُ. (JK.) ذَاهِلٌ [act. part. n. of 1. b2: And] A man who cares not for ornament and the anointing of himself. (JK.)