شقو

1 شَقِىَ, (S, Msb, K,) originally شَقِوَ, (S, TA,) aor. ـَ (S, Msb,) dual thereof يَشْقَيَانِ, (S,) inf. n. شَقَاوَةٌ and شِقَاوَةٌ, (S, * K,) the latter accord. to a reading of the Kur xxiii. 108, (S,) and شَقَآءٌ and شِقْوَةٌ and شَقْوَةٌ (S, * K) and شَقًا, (K.) or the last of these is the inf. n., and شَقَاوَةٌ and شِقْوَةٌ [and the rest, none of which is expressly specified as an inf. n. in the S,] are simple substs., (Msb,) He was, or became, unprosperous, unfortunate, unhappy, or miserable; (S, Msb, TA;) شَقِىَ being contr. of سَعِدَ; (Msb;) and شَقَاوَةٌ &c. contr. of سَعَادَةٌ: (S, TA:) or he was, or became, in a state of straitness, distress, adversity, or difficulty. (Az, K, TA.) [See also شَقَاوَةٌ below.] b2: Also (assumed tropical:) He suffered, or experienced, fatigue, (TA, and Ksh and Bd and Jel in xx. 1,) فِى كَذَا [in such a thing]. (TA.) A2: شَقَاهُ: see 3: b2: and 4.3 شاقاهُ, (K, TA,) inf. n. مُشَاقَاةٌ (S, TA) and شِقَآءٌ, (TA,) He laboured, strove, or struggled, with him, to prevail, or overcome, (S, K, TA,) in war, or battle, and the like; (K, TA;) so in the T; (TA;) he struggled, or contended, with, or against, the difficulty, or trouble, or inconvenience, that he experienced from him; (S, * TA;) syn. عَالَجَهُ; (K, TA;) or مَارَسَهُ; and عَانَاهُ. (S, * TA.) b2: And ↓ شاقاهُ فَشَقَاهُ, aor. of the latter verb شَقُوَ, He endeavoured to surpass him in mutual labouring, or striving, or struggling, to prevail, or overcome, &c., (غَالَبَهُ فِى الشِّقَآءِ, [in the CK, فى الشَّقاءِ, but the former seems to be the right reading, and may be best rendered in the mutual striving against difficulty,]) and he surpassed him [therein]. (K. [In the S, شَاقَانِى فُلَانٌ فَشَقَوْتُهُ, aor. ـْ and only the latter verb as thus used is there explained.]) b3: مُشَاقَاةٌ signifies also (assumed tropical:) The treating [one] with hardness, harshness, or illnature. (TA.) b4: And (tropical:) The vying, one with another, in patience, or endurance: a rájiz says, إِذَا يُشَاقِى الصَّابِرَانِ لَمْ يَرِثْ يَكَادُ مِنْ ضَعْفِ القُوَى لَا يَنْبَعِثْ [When the two patient ones vie in endurance, he does not lag behind, almost, by reason of the weakness of powers, failing to hasten in pace]: he means a camel vying with the attendant thereof in endurance of going. (TA.) 4 اشقاهُ اللّٰهُ God caused him to be unprosperous, unfortunate, unhappy, or miserable; contr. of أَسْعَدَهُ: (S, * Msb, TA:) or God caused him to be in a state of straitness, distress, adversity, or difficulty: and so ↓ شَقَاهُ. (K.) A2: and اشقى He combed. (Az, K. [See مِشْقًى.]) شِقْوَةٌ an inf. n. of شَقِىَ, as also شَقْوَةٌ: (S, * K:) or a simple subst. (Msb.) شَقِىٌّ Unprosperous, unfortunate, unhappy, or miserable: (S, Msb, TA:) [or in a state of straitness, distress, adversity, or difficulty: (see its verb:)] pl. أَشْقِيَآءُ. (TA.) وَلَمٌ أَكُنْ بِدُعَائِكَ رَبِّ شَقِيًّا, in the Kur [xix. 4, And I have not been, in supplicating Thee, my Lord, unprosperous], means I have been one whose prayer has been answered. (TA.) شَقَاوَةٌ an inf. n. of شَقِىَ; (S, * K;) or a simple subst.; (Msb;) signifying Unprosperousness, &c.; [see its verb;] contr. of سَعَادَةٌ: (S, Er-Rághib, TA:) it is of two kinds; أُخْرَاوِيَّةٌ [relating to the world to come] and دُنْيَاوِيَّةٌ [relating to the present world]: and the latter is of three kinds; نَفْسِيَّةٌ [relating to the soul] and بَدَنِيَّةٌ [relating to the body] and خَارِجِيَّةٌ [relating to external circumstances]. (Er-Rághib, TA.) b2: Also (assumed tropical:) Fatigue; syn. تَعَبٌ; but the latter has a more general signification; every شقاوة being تعب, but every تعب is not شقاوة. (TA.) أَشْقَى [More, and most, unprosperous, &c. b2: And] (tropical:) More [and most] fatigued. (TA.) مِشْقًى A comb: a dial. var. of مِشْقَأٌ. (Az, K.)

رخو

1 رَخُوَ, aor. ـْ and رَخِىَ, aor. ـْ (S, M, Msb, K;) inf. n. رَخَاوَةٌ (M, Msb, K) and رَخَآءٌ, (M, K, but in several copies of the latter رَخًا,) or this is a simple subst., (Msb,) and رِخْوَةٌ, with kesr, (M, K,) which is extr., (M,) and some add رُخْوَةٌ, and رَخْوَةٌ; (MF, TA;) It (a thing, S) was, or became, soft, yielding, flaccid, flabby, lax, slack, uncompact, crummy, fragile, frangible, brittle, friable, easily or quickly broken; i. q. صَارَ رِخْوًا, (S, K, TA,) i. e. هَشَّا; (TA;) or لَانَ; (Msb;) and ↓ استرخى signifies the same. (S,* K.) b2: And رَخُوَ, and رَخِىَ, (Msb, K,) and [رَخَا] like دَعَا [of which the aor. is يَدْعُو], and [رَخَا] like رَعَى [of which the aor. is يَرْعَى; in the CK, erroneously, like رُعِىَ]; (K, TA;) the aor. [or the first and third] being يَرْخُو and [that of the second and fourth being] يَرْخَى; (TA;) said of life (عَيْش), (assumed tropical:) It was, or became, ample, unstraitened, or plentiful, in its means, or circumstances: (Msb, K: *) or said of a man, inf. n. رَخَآءٌ, (assumed tropical:) he was, or became, in an ample, an unstraitened, or a plentiful, state of life. (TK.) 2 تَرْخِيَةُ الشَّىْءِ بِالشَّىْءِ The mixing of the thing with the thing. (TA.) [The verb is رَخَّى, He mixed; like رَخَّ, which is mentioned in this sense in the present art. in the JK, app. for رَخَّى.]3 راخاهُ: see 4, in three places. b2: Also, inf. n. مُرَاخَاةٌ, i. q. بَاعَدَهُ [He was, or became, distant, remote, &c., from him: or he made, or caused, him, or it, to be, or become, distant, remote, &c.]. (K.) A2: And راخت She (a woman, TA) was, or became, near to bringing forth. (K, TA.) 4 ارخاهُ He made it, or rendered it, soft, yielding, flaccid, flabby, lax, slack, uncompact, crummy, fragile, frangible, brittle, friable, easily or quickly broken; i. q. جَعَلَهُ رِخْوًا; as also ↓راخاهُ. (K.) You say, ارخى الرِّبَاطَ [He relaxed, or slackened, the tie, or bond]; (M, TA;) and ↓راخاهُ, inf. n. مُرَاخَاةٌ. (JK, TA.) And لَهُ مِنْ خِنَاقِهِ ↓ رَاخِ [lit, Relax thou, or slacken thou, his cord with which he is being strangled]; meaning (assumed tropical:) make thou his circumstances ample and easy to him; ease him; relieve him; or grant him a delay. (TA. [See a similar phrase in art. ربو, conj. 2.]) And أَرْخِ لَهُ قَيْدَهُ Make thou his shackle, or shackles, wide, or ample, not strait, to him. (TA.) And أَرْخِ لَهُ الحَبْلَ [lit. Relax thou, or slacken thou, to him the rope]; meaning (tropical:) give thou to him ample scope for using his own judgment, or discretion, in the disposal, or management, of his affairs, so that he may go whither he pleases. (TA.) and ارخى الفَرَسَ and لِلْفَرَسِ He lengthened the horse's rope. (K.) And ارخى لَهُ الطِّوَلَ [lit. He relaxed, or slackened, his tether]; meaning (tropical:) he left him to his own affair. (A, TA.) And ارخى عِمَامَتَهُ [lit. He slackened, or loosened, his turban]; meaning (assumed tropical:) he became, or felt, in a state of security or safety, tranquil, or at ease; (K, TA;) because the turbans are not slackened, or loosened, (لَا تُرْخَى,) in difficulty, or hardship. (TA.) and ارخى السِّتْرِ (S, Msb, K) وَغَيْرَهُ (S) He let loose, let down, or lowered, the veil, or curtain, &c. (S, K.) And ارخى ثِيَابَهُ عَلَى رِجْلَيْهِ [He let, or made, his clothes hang down loosely upon his legs] in riding and in sitting [&c.]. (TA in art. رسل.) [And ارخى دُمُوعًا (assumed tropical:) He shed tears.] And ارخاهُ خَطْبُهُ (tropical:) His state, or condition, made him to enjoy an easy, ample, or unstraitened, life, or a life of ease and plenty. (T, TA.) b2: ارخت, said of a she-camel, [app. for ارخت صَلَاهَا, i. e. She relaxed the part on either side of her tail, virtually] means صَلَاهَا ↓اِسْتَرْخَى, (S, K, TA,) i. e. [the part on either side of her tail became relaxed; or] her صَلَوَانِ [or parts on the right and left of her tail] gaped, [or receded from each other,] on the occasion of bringing forth. (T, TA.) b3: إِرْخَآءٌ also signifies A sort of running: (S:) or vehement running: (K:) or running exceeding what is termed تَقْرِيبٌ: (JK, K: [see 2 in art. قرب:]) or running (حُضْرٌ) that is not ardent, or not impetuous: (A, TA:) or gentleness in running: (Ham p. 158:) accord. to Az, الإِرْخَآءُ الأَعْلَى meansThe most vehement [running termed] حُصْر; and الإِرْخَآءُ الأَدْنَى is less than that: and ارخى فِى

عَدْوِهِ, said of a horse, signifies أَحْضَرَ [app. as meaning He rose in his running]; and is from رُخَآءٌ as an epithet applied to wind. (TA.) b4: Yousay also, ارخى دَابَّتَهُ, meaning He made his beast to go the pace, or in the manner, termed إِرْخَآء, explained above: (Lth, K:) [or,] accord. to A 'Obeyd, الإِرْخَآءُ signifies the leaving a horse to follow his own eager desire in running, without fatiguing him. (S.) 6 تراخى He (a horse) remitted, or flagged, in his running; or was, or became, remiss, or languid, therein. (Az, TA.) And [in like manner]

فِى الأَمْرِ ↓ استرخى [He remitted, or flagged, in the affair; or was, or became, remiss, or languid, therein]. (K in arts. بنش and فنش, &c.) and تراخى عَنْ حَاجَتِهِ He remitted, or flagged, in the accomplishment of his want; or he was, or became, remiss, or languid, therein. (TA.) b2: He drew back, held back, or hung back, (JK, K, TA,) عَنِّى from me, (TA,) or عَنِ الشَّىْءَ from the thing. (JK.) b3: He was, or became, slow, sluggish, tardy, dilatory, late, or backward. (JK, TA.) You say also, تراخى السَّمَآءُ The rain delayed; or was tardy, late, or backward. (S, K.) [and تراخى الوَقْتُ The time was, or became, late: and it became protracted. And تراخى عَنْهُ It was, or became, after, or later than, it: see مُتَرَاخٍ, below.] And تراخى الأَمْرُ The affair, or case, was, or became, protracted; the time thereof became extended. (Msb.) And فِى الأَمْرِ تَرَاخٍ

In the affair, or case, is ample time or scope [for action &c.]; syn. فُسْحَةٌ; (Msb, TA;) and extension, or protractedness: (TA:) or remoteness; referring to the case of the resurrection, i. e. the time thereof. (Mgh in art. نتج.) 10 استرخى: see 1, first sentence. استرخى

صَلَاهَا, said of a she-camel: see 4, in the latter half of the paragraph. استرخى السِّتْرُ [The veil, or curtain, hung down; hung down loosely; was pendent, or pendulous: and in like manner the verb is said of a garment, or a portion thereof, and of hair, or a lock of hair, &c.]. (Msb.) b2: استرخى فِى الأَمْرِ: see 6. استرخى فِى رَأْيِهِ بَعْدَ قُوَّةٍ (assumed tropical:) [He was, or became, weak in his opinion after being strong]. (IAar, TA in art. خرع.) b3: استرخى بِهِ الأَمْرُ, (JK, T, TA,) and استرخت حَالُهُ, (JK,) or استرخت بِهِ حَالُهُ, (T, TA,) (assumed tropical:) The affair, or case, and his state, or condition, became good with him after straitness; (JK;) or (tropical:) he became in a good state, or condition, (T, TA,) in ample, unstraitened, or plentiful, circumstances, (TA in explanation of the first of these phrases,) after straitness. (T, TA.) A poet says, (S,) namely, Tufeyl El-Ghanawee, (TA,) فَأَبَّلَ وَاسْتَرْخَى بِهِ الخَطْبُ بَعْدَمَا

أَسَافَ وَلَوْلَا سَعْيُنَا لَمْ يُؤَبِّلِ meaning (tropical:) [And he acquired camels, or numerous camels, and] his state, or condition, became good [after his cattle had perished; and had it not been for our labour, or exertion, he would not have acquired camels, or numerous camels]: (S, TA:) or the phrase استرخى به الخطب means أَرْخَاهُ خَطْبُهُ [explained above: see 4]. (T, TA.) رِخْوٌ and رَخْوٌ (Lth, S, M, Msb, K) and رُخْوٌ; (M, Msb, K;) but accord. to As and Fr, the first is that which is approved, (TA,) or, accord. to Az, it is that used by the Arabs; (Msb;) the second, accord. to As and Fr (TA) and Az, (Msb,) being post-classical; (Msb, TA;) and the third is of the dial. of the Kilábees; (Msb;) applied to a thing (S, K) of any kind, (K,) Soft, yielding, flaccid, flabby, lax, slack, uncompact, crummy, fragile, frangible, brittle, friable, easily or quickly broken; syn. هَشُّ; (S, K;) or لَيَّنٌ سَهْلٌ; (Msb;) [and ↓ مُسْتَرْخٍ signifies the same, as is shown by the explanation of its verb in the first sentence of this art.:] the fem. is with ة, i. e. رِخْوَةٌ and رَخْوَةٌ and رُخْوَةٌ (K) [and مُسْتَرْخِيَةٌ]. You say حَجَرٌ رِخْوٌ or رَخْوٌ or رُخْوٌ A stone that is soft, yielding, &c. (Msb.) b2: And فَرَسٌ رِخْوَةٌ A mare that is easy, and gentle, moderate, deliberate, or leisurely, in pace. (S.) And فَرَسٌ رِخْوُ العِنَانِ A horse that is easy to be led, or tractable. (A, TA.) The phrase فَهِىَ رِخْوٌ is used in a verse of Aboo-Dhu-eyb instead of فهى رِخْوَةٌ because meaning فَهِىَ شَىْءٌ رِخْوٌ. (S.) b3: الحُرُوفُ الرِّخْوَةُ [which may be rendered The lax letters] is said in the K, by an anticipation of the pen, to be applied to the letters exclusive of those comprised in the phrase لَمْ يُرْعُونَا [for which some say لَمْ يَرْوِ عَنَّا]: Sgh says [correctly] that they are the letters exclusive of those termed الشَّدِيدَةُ and of those in the phrase لم يرعونا: as is said in the M, they are thirteen; namely, ث,ح,خ,ذ,ز,س,ش,ص,ض,ظ,غ,ف, and ه; [to which De Sacy adds, in his Grammar, (2nd ed. i. 29,) ا without ء, and و and ى, which are generally included in an intermediate class between the شديدة and the رخوة, namely, in the class consisting of the letters in the phrase لم يرعونا or لم يرو عنّا:] the letter termed رِخْوٌ is that in which the sound runs on, as it does, for instance, in the س and ش when you say المَسّ and الرَّشّ. (TA.) رُخْوَةٌ: see what next follows.

رِخْوَةٌ an inf. n. of 1: (M, K:) i. q. اِسْتِرْخَآءٌ [i. e. Softness, yieldingness, flaccidity, &c.: see 1, first sentence]; as also ↓ رُخْوَةٌ: you say, فِيهِ رِخْوَةٌ and رُخْوَةٌ [In him, or it, is softness, &c.]. (K.) b2: See also what next follows.

رَخَآءٌ [said by some to be an inf. n. of 1] Ampleness, or freedom from straitness, of the means, or circumstances, of life; (JK, S, Msb, K;) [and so رَخَآءُ البَالِ;] as also ↓ رِخْوَةٌ. (JK.) رَخَآءُ النَّفْسِ (assumed tropical:) [An easy, or unstraitened, state of mind]. (S in art. بول.) رُخَآءٌ A soft, or gentle, wind: (S, K:) or a soft, or gentle, and quick, wind: (JK:) or a soft, or gentle, wind, that does not move anything. (Har p. 38.) It has the first of these meanings in the Kur xxxviii. 35: (Bd, Jel:) or it there means A wind that does not oppose, or contravene, the will of God. (Bd.) رَخِىٌّ (Msb, K) and ↓ رَاخٍ, (K,) applied to life (عَيْش, Msb, K), (assumed tropical:) Ample, unstraitened, or plentiful, in its means, or circumstances: (Msb, K:) or both applied to a man, (assumed tropical:) in an ample, an unstraitened, or a plentiful, state of life. (TK.) You say, إِنَّهُ لَفِى عَيْشٍ رَخِىٍّ (assumed tropical:) [Verily he is in an ample, an unstraitened, or a plentiful, state of life]. (TA.) And هُوَ رَخِىُّ البَالِ (JK, S, Msb, TA) and البَالِ ↓ رَاخِى (JK) (assumed tropical:) He is in an ample, or unstraitened, (S,) or an easy, or a pleasant, and a plentiful, state, or condition. (JK, S, * Msb, TA. * [See also other explanations in art. بول.]) And إِنَّ ذٰلِكَ الأَمْرُ لَيَذْهَبُ مِنِّى فِى بَالٍ

رَخِىٍ [Verily that affair passes away from me, I being in an easy state of mind,] is said when you are not disquieted, rendered anxious, or grieved, by the affair. (TA.) رَاخٍ, and رَاخِى: see the next preceding paragraph.

أَرْخَى [as meaning More relaxing or slackening or loosening] is used in a verse of Hassán Ibn-Thábit for the regular expression أَشَدُّ إِرْخَآءً: it is like مَا أَحْوَجَهُ meaning مَا أَشَدَّ حَاجَتَهُ. (El-Hareeree's “ Durrat el-Ghowwás,” in De Sacy's

“ Anthol. Gramm. Ar,” p. 52 of the Ar. text.) أُرْخِيَّةٌ A thing, or part of a thing, (as, for instance, a veil, or curtain, TK,) that one has let loose, let down, or lowered. (S, K.) مِرْخَآءٌ, applied to a beast, (دَابَّة, K,) or a horse or mare, (فَرَس, S,) and a she-camel, (TA,) and a she-ass, (S,) That runs in the manner termed إِرْخَآء: (K: [see 4, in the latter part of the paragraph:]) or that runs much in that manner: (S:) pl. مَرَاخِىُّ. (S, TA.) مُتَرَاخٍ [part. n. of 6, q. v.]. b2: You say جَآءَ زَيْدٌ مُتَرَاخِيًا زَمَانُهُ عَنْ زَمَانِ مَجِىْءِ عَمْرٍو [Zeyd came, his time of coming being after, or later than, the time of the coming of 'Amr]; i. e. جَآءَ بَعْدَ عَمْرٍو. (Msb in art. بعد.) مُسْتَرْخٍ; fem. مُسْتَرْخَيَةٌ: see رِخْوٌ, first sentence.

شكّ: شكّ في: ارتاب (بوشر، معجم الطرائف) ويقال أيضاً شك ب (دَي ساسي طرائف 2: 84).
شكّ على: التبس (هلو).
شكَّفي: أزمع، عزم على، صمَم على (ابن بطوطة 1: 351) شكَ: جهز الحصن بأدوات الحرب، ووضع فيه حامية.
(معجم البيان، معجم مسلم) وفي حيان (ص70 و): شك الحصن أشد الشوكة.
شكَ: أجرى النهر، يقال: شك الله النهر (عباد 1: 308).
شك الخرز عند العامة: نظمه (محيط المحيط).
شكَ: نخس (همبرت ص71).
شك الحصان: نخسه عند تنعيله (بوشر).
شك شحما في: وضع فيه شحم الخنزير (بوشر).
شك في السيخ: غرز اللحم في السيخ (بوشر).
شك: مصّ، امتص (فوك).
شكَّك: أوقعــه في الشك (ألكالا).
شكَّك عليه شيئاً: أنتقده عليه (أبو الوليد ص367، 392، 414، 571، 578، 599، 623).
شكَّك: لم يتضح لي معنى هذا الفعل في بسّام (2: 113 ق): وابن عمّار يبكي ويضحك، ويشكو فيشكّك.
تشكّك: اغتنم، اغتاظ، حنق، غضب (بوشر).
تشكّك: احتار، تحيّر (بوشر).
انشك: اعتز، افتخر، تباهى، ومطاوع شك (بوشر).
انشك: انطعن (بوشر).
انشك في: انغرز في (بوشر).
انشك: مَصّ، ارتشف (فوك).
شَكّ: كلمة تعبر عن الدوي الذي يحدثه من يرمى نفسه بالماء للسباحة (ألف برسل 1: 161، 163) شكّ: حسد، غيرة (هلو).
شكَ وجمعها شكوك: حيرة، تشكك (بوشر).
حجر الشكوك: حجر عثرة، حجر زلة، ما يعثر به (بوشر). شك: أمت، تعرج بارتفاع وانخفاض (بوشر).
شك التِبْغ: عند العامة ما نظم من أوراقه في خيط (محيط المحيط).
شك فلك: حاجز شائك (بوشر).
غرزة، وخزة، لدغة (بوشر، همبرت ص71).
شكّة بالخنجر: ضربة بالخنجر (همبرت ص134).
شكْة: ثقب في الحزام حيث يدخل لسان الإبزيم (بوشر).
شكْة: عند العامة الوجع الناخس كما في ذات الجنب ونحوها (محيط المحيط).
شكْة: قول لاذع، قوارص الكلام (بوشر).
شكّة: عند بعض العامة عصابة تشك بها الدنانير وهي المعروفة عند الأكثرين بالصّفية، وعند أهل دمشق بالشاطح (محيط المحيط). انظر صفّية.
شْكَّة: درع، زرد (بوشر).
شِكَّة: زرد، ففي تاريخ البربر (2: 293): فتظاهروا في دروعهم واسبغوا من سكتهم، والصواب من شِكَّتهم كما في مخطوطتنا.
مشَكِى: ارتياب، مشكوك فيه (بوشر).
شَكِيّ: مريب (بوشر).
شكيات: قطع صغيرة من القطن تستعمل نقوداً في السودان (البكري ص173) حيث يعلق دي سلان قائلاً: ((ونسيج كاليكوت لا يزال يسمى chiggue في بعض بلاد السود. انظر بارت (4: 443) طبعة أنجل)). (فيه النص الألماني (4: 452) في الآخر، 5: 30).
شكك: بيع بالمفرد، ارتياب (بوشر).
شكك: تشكك، حيرة، وسواس (بوشر).
شكُك: ديناً، لأجل (بوشر).
شَكِيك: متردد، لا يثبت على رأي (هلو).
شاكّ. زيد الشاكَّ: تضاف التكملة. (دي سلان المقدمة 2: 150).
شاكَّة: ضبابة. هذا إذا كانت الكلمة التي ذكرها الكالا وهي chi cachi تكتب بالعربية كما كتبناها إذ أنها تلفظ كذلك على طريقة أهل غرناطة. وهو يذكر: توجد ضبابة: a chiqua (chica) ويترجمها ب ((الشاكة هي، الشاكة كانت)).
مشك اللحم: سفود مجوف لتتبيل اللحم بشحم الخنزير. (بوشر).
مشكَّك: شائك، مشوّك (بوشر).
مشكَّك: غامض، مبهم (بوشر).
مِشْكاك (عند بعض العامة): ما نظم من أوراق التبغ في خيط (محيط المحيط).
مشكوك: ظنين، مشبوه، مشتبه به (هلو).