عصب

1 عَصَبَ, aor. ـِ (K,) inf. n. عَصْبٌ, (S, A, Mgh, O, K,) He twisted [a thing], or wound [it] round: (A, K, TA:) this is the primary signification: (TA:) and he folded [it]; (A, K;) or he folded [it] tightly: (S, O, TA:) and he bound [it], or tied [it]: (A, Mgh, K, TA:) عَصْبٌ denotes the binding, or tying, a thing with another thing, lengthwise, or [more commonly] around. (O.) See also 2, first sentence. [And see مَعْصُوبٌ.] b2: He twisted, or spun, thread. (K, * TA.) And He put together thread, and bound it, previously to dyeing it. (TA.) b3: عَصَبَ الكَبْشَ, (S, O, Msb, K, *] aor. as above, (K,) and so the inf. n., (S, Msb, K,) He bound, or tied, (tightly, TA) the testicles of the ram, in order that they might fall, without his extracting them: (S, O, Msb, K:) and in like manner one says of a goat, (K,) and of other beasts. (TA.) b4: عَصَبَ النَّاقَةَ, (O, Msb, K, *) aor. as above, (K,) and so the inf. n., (Msb, K, TA,) and عِصَابٌ also; (TA;) and ↓ اعتصبها; (O, K;) He bound the thighs of the she-camel, (Msb, K, TA,) or the lower parts of her nostrils, (TA,) with a cord, (Msb, TA,) in order that she might yield her milk copiously: (Msb, K, TA:) and (O) عَصَبَ فَخِذَ النَّاقَةِ [He bound the thigh of the she-camel] for that purpose. (S, O.) [See عَصُوبٌ.] Hence one says, أَعْطَى عَلَى العَصْبِ (tropical:) He gave by means of force. (TA.) And مِثْلِى لَا يَدِرُّ بِالعِصَابِ (assumed tropical:) Such a one as I am will not give by means of force. (A, TA.) b5: عَصَبَتْ فَرْجَهَا She (a woman) bound her vulva with a bandage. (Msb.) b6: عَصَبَ الشَّجَرَةَ, (S, O, K,) aor. ـِ inf. n. عَصْبٌ, (K,) He drew together the branches of the tree (S, O, K, TA) that were straggling, (K, TA,) by means of a rope, (TA,) and then beat it, (S, O, K, TA,) in order that its leaves might fall. (S, O, TA.) [Golius assigns this signification also to عَصَّبَ, as on the authority of the S, in which I do not find it.] El-Hajjáj said, (S, TA,) when preaching to the people at El-Koofeh, (TA,) لَأَعْصِبَنَّكُمْ عَصْبَ السَّلَمِ (S) or السَّلَمَةِ (TA) [I will assuredly draw you together and beat you as one does the selem or the selemeh]. The سَلَمَة is a tree of the kind called عِضَاه, having thorns, and its leaves are the قَرَظ with which hides are tanned: [but see قَرَظٌ:] the removal of the leaves with the hand being difficult on account of the many thorns, its branches are drawn together and bound tightly with a rope; then the beater pulls them towards him, and beats them with his staff; whereupon the leaves become scattered for the cattle and for him who desires to gather them. (TA.) Or this is done, (S, O, TA,) accord. to A 'Obeyd, (S, O,) only (TA) when they desire to cut down the selemeh, that they may get at the stock. (S, O, TA.) [Hence,] one says, فُلَانٌ لَا تُعْصَبُ سَلَمَاتُهُ [Such a one will not have his selemehs bound round with a rope, and beaten]: a prov., applied to a strong, mighty man, not to be subdued nor abased. (A, * TA.) And one says also of winds, تَعْصِبُ الشَّجَرَ عِنْدَ دُرُوجِهَا فِيهِ (assumed tropical:) [They compress the branches of the trees, as though they bound them round, in their passage among them]: and such winds are termed ↓ عَصَائِبُ. (O.) And عَصَبَ القَوْمَ, aor. ـِ inf. n. عَصْبٌ, (assumed tropical:) It (an affair, or event,) drew the people together, and became severe to them. (Az, TA.) b7: عَصَبَ صَدْعَ الزُجَاجَةِ بِضَبَّةٍ مِنْ فِضَّةٍ He (a smith) repaired the crack of the glass vessel by putting round it a band of silver. (O, TA.) b8: عَصَبَ بِرَأْسِ قَوْمِهِ العَارَ (assumed tropical:) He made disgrace to befall his people [as though he bound it upon the head of their chief or upon the head of each of them]. (O.) It is related in a trad. respecting the battle of Bedr, that 'Otbeh the son of Rabee'ah said, اِرْجِعُوا وَلَا تُقَاتِلُوا وَاعْصِبُوهَا بِرَأْسِى (assumed tropical:) [Return ye, and fight not; and bind it upon my head]; meaning attach and attribute to me the disgrace that will befall you for relinquishing the battle and inclining to peace. (IAth, TA.) And it is said in another trad., قُومُوا بِمَا عَصَبَكُمْ بِهِ (assumed tropical:) Fulfil ye the obligations with which He (meaning God) has bound you; or which He has imposed upon you and attached to you; by his commands and prohibitions. (TA.) b9: عَصَبَ الشَّىْءَ and عَلَى

الشَّىْءِ, aor. ـِ inf. n. عَصْبٌ and عِصَابٌ, He grasped the thing with his hand. (K, * TA.) A poet, cited by IAar, says, وَكُنَّا يَا قُرَيْشُ إِذَا عَصَبْنَا يَجِىْءُ عِصَابُنَا بِدَمٍ عَبِيطِ [And we were, O Kureysh, when we grasped our opponents, such that our grasping brought fresh blood]; عِصَابُنَا meaning our grasping those whom we opposed with the swords. (TA.) b10: and عَصَبَ, aor. ـِ inf. n. عَصْبٌ, He clung, or kept, to a thing. (K.) One says, عَصَبَ المَآءَ He kept to, or by, the water. (IAar, TA.) And عَصَبَ الرَّجُلُ بَيْتَهُ The man remained, or stayed, in his house, or tent, not quitting it. (O, TA.) b11: And He went round, encompassed, or surrounded, a thing. (K.) It is said in a trad., of the angel Gabriel, on the day of Bedr, قَدْ عَصَبَ رَأْسَهُ الغُبَارُ The dust had overspread, [or surrounded,] and clung to, his head: or, as some relate it, قَدْ عَصَمَ ثَنِيَّتَيْهِ الغُبَارُ; and if this be not a mistake, the latter verb is syn. with the former: ب and م being often interchangeable: (L, TA:) the latter phrase means, as also with عَصَبَ, the dust had stuck to his two central incisors. (TA in art. عصم.) And Ibn Ahmar says, إِذْ عَصَبَ النَّاسَ شَمَالٌ وَقُرٌ [وَقُرْ being for وَقُرٌّ] i. e. When north wind and cold environ me. (L, TA.) And one says also, عَصَبَ الغُبَارُ بِالجَبَلِ The dust encompassed, or surrounded, the mountain. (L, TA.) And عَصَبُوا بِهِ They encompassed, or surrounded, him: (S, A, Mgh, O, TA:) and they encompassed, or surrounded, him, looking at him: (S, O:) and, (Msb, K,) as also عَصِبُوا, (K,) aor. of the former عَصِبَ, (Msb, K,) and inf. n. عَصْبٌ, (Msb,) and aor. of the latter عَصَبَ, (K,) they assembled around him (Msb, K) for fight or defence. (Msb. For another explanation of عَصَبَ and عَصِبَ, see 12.) And عَصَبَ القَوْمُ بِالنَّسَبِ i. q. أَحَاطُوا بِهِ [app. meaning The people, or party, included, or comprehended, the relations, or kinsmen; for النَّسَبُ is often used for ذَوُو النَّسَبِ]. (Msb.) and عَصَبَتِ الإِبِلُ بِالمَآءِ The camels surrounded, or encircled, the water. (S, O.) b12: عَصَبَ الرِّيقُ بِفِيهِ, (S, O, K, * TA,) aor. ـِ inf. n. عَصْبٌ; (K, TA;) and عَصِبَ, aor. ـَ (TA;) The saliva became dry in his mouth. (S, O, K, * TA.) And عَصَبَ الرِّيقُ فَاهُ (S, O, TA) The saliva by its drying made his mouth dry: and the saliva adhered to his mouth. (TA.) Aboo-Mohammad El-Fak'asee says, يَعْصِبُ فَاهُ الرِّيقُ أَىَّ عَصْبِ عَصْبَ الجُبَابِ بِشَفَاهِ الوَطْبِ

[The saliva makes his mouth dry, with what a drying ! as the drying of the spume of camels' milk on the lips of the skin]. (S, O.) and عَصَبَ فُوهُ, aor. ـِ inf. n. عَصْبٌ, His mouth, with his saliva, became dry. (O.) And عَصَبَ الفَمُ, (K, * TA,) aor. ـِ inf. n. عَصْبٌ and عُصُوبٌ, meaning [The mouth, or teeth, (the latter accord. to the explanation in the K,)] became foul, or dirty, from dust and the like, (K, TA,) as from vehement thirst, or fear. (TA.) b13: عَصَبَ, aor. ـِ inf. n. عُصُوبٌ, He was, or became, [hungry; or] very hungry; or his bowels were almost dried up with hunger: because it is said of the practice of a hungry man's binding round his belly, as expl. voce مَعْصُوبٌ [q. v.]. (TA.) b14: عَصَبَ الــأُفُقُ The horizon became red. (S, O. [In Freytag's Lex. عَصِبَ, as from the K, in which I do not find it. See عَصْبٌ.]) A2: عَصِبَ, (S, O, K,) with kesr, (S, O,) like فَرِحَ, (K,) said of flesh, or flesh-meat, It had many عَصَبَ [i. e. sinews, or tendons]. (S, O, K.) b2: And عَصِبَ, aor. ـَ inf. n. عَصْبٌ, [so in the TA, and so in a verse there cited, not عَصَبٌ,] He was, or became, firm and compact in flesh. (TA.) b3: [Other meanings of this verb have been mentioned above.]2 عصّب, (S, A, O, &c.,) inf. n. تَعْصِيبٌ, (S, A, O,) [He bound, or wound round, a thing with several circumvolutions:] he bound [or wound round] a man's head with a turban, fillet, bandage, or the like; (S, * O, * Msb, K, * TA;) as also ↓ عَصَبَ, inf. n. عَصْبٌ: (MA:) and he bound a broken limb, or a wound, with a piece of rag or a bandage. (L, TA.) He turbaned a man; attired him with a turban. (A, TA.) b2: Hence, (A, O,) تَعْصِيبٌ signifies (tropical:) [The crowning a man: (see the pass. part. n.:)] the making a man a chief: (A, O, K, TA:) for turbans are the crowns of the Arabs: (O:) when a man's people made him a chief, they bound his head with a turban: (A, TA:) as kings wore crowns, so the chiefs of the Arabs wore red turbans: (L, TA:) there were brought to the desert, from Haráh (هَرَاة), red turbans, which the nobles among the Arabs wore. (Az, TA.) b3: [Hence also,] عصّبهُ بِالسَّيْفِ i. q. عَمَّمَهُ بِهِ (assumed tropical:) [He cut, or wounded, him in the place of the turban, with the sword]. (A, TA.) b4: And عصّبهُ, inf. n. as above, He, or it, [caused him to bind his waist by reason of hunger: (see the pass. part. n.:) and hence,] made him to hunger: (K:) and عَصَّبَتْهُمُ السِّنُونَ The years of drought, or sterility, made them to hunger: (TA:) or عصّبتهُ السِّنُونَ The years of drought, or sterility, ate up his property, or cattle. (A 'Obeyd, S, O.) And It [i. e. drought or the like] destroyed him: (K:) and عصّب الدَّهْرُ مَالَهُ Adverse fortune destroyed his cattle, or camels &c. (TA.) b5: And He called him مُعَصَّب [meaning poor]: so says IAar; and he cites as an ex., يُدْعَى المُعَصَّبَ مَنْ قَلَّتْ حَلُوبَتُهُ وَهَلْ يُعَصَّبُ مَاضِى الهَمِّ مِقْدَامُ [He is called the poor, whose milch-cattle have become few: but should one whose purpose is effectual, one of great boldness, be called poor?]. (TA.) b6: الذَّكَرُ يُعَصِّبُ الأُنْثَى means The male makes the female to be such as is termed عَصَبَةٌ [by his being consociated with her as such]. (Mgh.) 4 أَعْصَبَ see 12. b2: [Golius explains this v. as meaning “ Firmiter religavit: ” or, as a trans. v. governing an accus., “constringi jussit: ” as on the authority of the S, in which I do not find it in any sense.]5 تعصّب i. q. شَدَّ العِصَابَةَ [i. e. He bound the turban, or fillet, round his (own) head; a meaning well known, whence that explained in the next sentence: (see also 8:) and he bound a bandage of some kind round his (own) body, by reason of hunger: see مُعَصَّبٌ]. (S, O, Msb, * K.) b2: And (assumed tropical:) He was made a chief; quasi-pass. of 2 [q. v.]. (L, TA.) b3: And it has also another signification, from العَصَبِيَّة; (S, O;) [i. e.] it signifies also أَتَى بِالعَصَبِيَّةِ; (K, TA;) which means [He aided his people, or party, against hostile conduct: or he was angry, or zealous, for the sake of his party, and defended them: (see عَصَبِىٌّ and عَصَبِيَّةٌ:) or] he invited, or summoned, others to the aid of his party, and to combine, or league, with them against those who acted towards them with hostility, whether they were wrongdoers or wronged. (TA.) And you say, تَعَصَّبُوا عَلَيْهِمْ They leagued, or collected themselves, together against them: and تَعَصَّبْنَا لَهُ, and مَعَهُ, We [leagued together for him, and with him, and] defended him. (TA.) [See also De Sacy's Chrest. Ar., see. ed., i. 445-6; where it is shown that التَّعَصُّبُ in religion means The being zealous, or a zealot: and see Har pp.423 and 573.] b4: And تعصّب بِالشَّىْءِ He was, or became, content with the thing; as also ↓ اعتصب.

بِهِ. (K.) 7 انعصب i. q. اِشْتَدَّ [app. meaning, as seems to be indicated by the context (both before and after) in the S, It was, or became, hard, firm, or strong]. (S, O, K.) 8 اعتصب بِالعِمَامَةِ [He attired himself, or surrounded his head, with the turban], and بِالتَّاجِ [with the crown]. (S, O.) And اعتصب التَّاجَ عَلَى

رَأْسِهِ He encircled his [own] head with the crown. (Az, TA.) b2: اعتصب النَّاقَةَ: see 1, in the middle of the first quarter. b3: اعتصبوا They became formed, or collected, into companies such as those whereof one is called عُصْبَة: (K:) or, into one of such companies. (M, L, TA.) [See also 12.] b4: اعتصب بِهِ: see 5, last sentence.12 اِعْصَوْصَبَ القَوْمُ The people, or party, collected themselves together: (TA:) or did so, and became companies such as are called عَصَائِب, (S, O, TA,) and became one of such companies: [see also 8; and see عُصْبَةٌ:] and in like manner, [did so, and] strove, or exerted themselves, in journeying, or pace. (TA.) And اعصوصبت الإِبِلُ The camels strove, or exerted themselves, in journeying, or pace; as also ↓ اعصبت: and collected themselves together; (K;) [and] so ↓ عَصَبَت and ↓ عَصِبَت: (Fr, S, O:) or collected themselves together so as to become one عِصَابَة, and strove, or exerted themselves, in journeying, or pace. (TA.) b2: اعصوصب is also said of a day, [app. in relation to heat,] meaning It was, or became, vehement, or severe: (S, O:) and of evil, meaning it was, or became, vehement, or severe, (K, TA,) and concentrated. (TA.) عَصْبٌ: see عِصَابَةٌ, in two places. b2: And see also عُصْبٌ. b3: Also A particular sort of the garments called بُرُود, (S, A, Mgh, O, K,) of the fabric of El-Yemen; (S, Mgh, O;) a بُرْد of which the yarn is dyed, and then woven; (Msb;) or of which the yarn is put together and bound, then dyed, and then woven; (A, Mgh, TA; *) not of the sort called بُرُودُ الرَّقْمِ: (TA:) it has no pl., (Nh, Msb, TA,) nor dual: (Msb:) you say بُرْدُ عَصْبٍ (Nh, Mgh, TA) and بُرُودُ عَصْبٍ (Nh, Mgh, Msb, TA) and يُرْدَا عَصْبٍ, (Msb,) and also يُرْدٌ عَصْبٌ and بُرُودٌ عَصْبٌ, (Nh, TA,) and ثَوْبٌ, عَصْبٌ, (Msb,) and أَرْدِيَةُ العَصْبِ; (A, TA;) and sometimes they say عَصْبٌ alone, the بُرْد being known by this name: (TA:) or garments of the kind called بُرُود, of the fabric of El-Yemen, the yarn of which is put together and bound, and then dyed, and woven, so that they become partycoloured, because what has been bound thereof remains white, the dye not having taken it; and such garments a woman in the period termed عِدَّة [q. v.] is allowed to wear, but not garments that are [wholly] dyed: or striped garments of the kind called بُرُود: and what is forbidden in that case is a garment that has been dyed after it has been woven; or what are forbidden are the عَصْب of El-Yemen, which are said to have been dyed with urine; so in the L &c.: (TA:) or, accord. to Sub, garments of the kind called بُرُود of the fabric of El-Yemen; so called because they are dyed with عَصْب, which grows only in El-Yemen; [he says that العَصْبُ is a certain dyed that does not grow but in El-Yemen; (Msb;)] but in this he opposes the generality of authorities; for they agree in stating that the garments in question are thus called from العَصْبُ, “the act of binding,” because the yarn is bound in order that the dye may not pervade the whole of the بُرْد. (MF, TA.) b4: Hence, (assumed tropical:) Clouds like such as are termed لَطْخ [q. v.]: (S, O:) or red clouds or mist (K, TA) seen in the western horizon (TA) in a time of drought, or sterility; as also ↓ عِصَابَةٌ, (K, TA,) pl. عَصَائِبُ. (TA.) A2: In a trad., mention occurs of a necklace made of عَصْب: ElKhattábee says, if it do not mean the garments of El-Yemen, I know not what it is; yet I see not how a necklace can be made of these: Aboo-Moosà thinks it may be عَصَب, meaning the tendons of joints, as they may have taken the tendons of certain clean animals, and cut them in pieces, and made them like beads, and, when dry, made neck laces of them; but he adds his having been told by some of the people of El-Yemen that عَصْبٌ is the name of A certain beast of the sea, or of the great river, called also فَرَسُ فِرْعَوْنَ [i. e. Pharaoh's horse, perhaps meaning the hippopotamus], of which [meaning of the teeth or bones of which] beads and other things, as the handles of knives &c., are made, and which is white. (L, TA.) A3: And Saliva that sticks and dries in the mouth: whence the saying, لَفَظَ فُلَانٌ عَصْبَهُ, meaning (assumed tropical:) Such a one died. (T and TA in art. لفظ.) A4: And A light, or an active, and sharp-headed, boy, or young man; (IAar, TA;) [and] so عَضْبٌ. (IAar, TA in art. عضب.) عُصْبٌ and ↓ عَصْبٌ and ↓ عَصَبٌ (K, TA) Certain trees that twine round other trees, having weak leaves; (TA;) the kind of tree called لَبْلَاب [dolichos lablab of Linn.]; (K;) said by Sh to be a kind of plant that twines round trees, i. q. لَبْلَابٌ: [coll. gen. ns.:] the ns. un. are عُصْبَةٌ and عَصْبَةٌ and عَصَبَةٌ: (TA:) accord. to Abu-lJarráh, (O, TA,) عَصْبَةٌ signifies a certain thing [app. meaning plant] that twines about a قَنَادَة [or tragacanth], (O, K, TA,) thus, correctly, in many copies of the K, but in some فَتَاة, and in some قَنَاة, both of which are wrong, though some assert the latter to be correct, (TA,) not to be pulled off from it but with an effort: (O, K, TA:) [see عِطْفَةٌ:] one says of a man strong in struggling for the mastery, قَتَادَةٌ لُوِيَتْ بِعُصْبَةٍ (assumed tropical:) [A tragacanth twined about by a lebláb; the strong man being app. likened to a tragacanth, and his antagonist to a lebláb]: (TA:) and in a trad. of Ez-Zubeyr Ibn-El-'Owwám, he is related to have said, عَلِقْتُهُمْ إِنِّى خُلِقْتُ عُصْبَهْ قَتَادَةً تَعَلَّقَتْ بِنُشْبَهْ (O, TA:) he puts عصبه for علقه, [evidently, I think, a mistranscription for عَلِقًا, (see نُشْبَةٌ, in its proper art., for a confirmation,)] the meaning being خلقت علقة لخصومى [in which for علقة I read عَلِقًا]; then he likens himself to a tragacanth in respect of his excessive tenaciousness; for بنشبه means “ by the help of a thing of great tenaciousness: ” [or نشبه may be here an inf. n., i. e. of نَشِبَ: the meaning of the verse may therefore be, I clung to them: verily I have been created a grasper, and a tragacanth that has clung by means of a strong holdfast, or that has clung with great tenaciousness:] (TA:) Sh explains عُصْبَة (O, TA) with damm on the authority of Ed-Deenawaree [i. e. AHn], and عَصْبَة with fet-h on the authority of AA, (O,) as meaning a certain plant that twines about a tree, and is called لَبْلَاب; and نُشْبَة as meaning a man who, when he sports with a thing (عَبِثَ بِشَىْءٍ [but probably the right reading is شَبِثَ بشىء or تَشَبَّثَ i. e. clings to a thing]), hardly, or never, quits it. (O, TA.) عَصَبٌ [The sinews, or tendons; though the following explanation seems rather to denote the ligaments;] the أَطْنَاب of the joints, (S, O, Msb, K, TA,) which connect and bind together the structure thereof, in man and in others, such as the ox-kind, and sheep or goats, and gazelles, and ostriches; so says AHn; (TA;) i. q. عَقَبٌ: (S and K &c. in art. عقب:) or such as are yellow of the اطناب (Mgh, Msb) of the joints; the عَقَب being the white: (Mgh:) [it is also used as meaning ligaments: (see an ex. of its n. un. in an explanation of الصَّدَفَتَانِ, voce صَدَفٌ:) and sometimes it means nerves: (see a usage of its pl. voce صَرْعٌ:) it is a coll. gen. n.:] the n. un. is with ة: (S, O, TA:) and the pl. is أَعْصَابٌ. (S, Mgh, O, Msb.) b2: And (assumed tropical:) The best (in a pl. sense) of a people or party. (K.) b3: See also عُصْبٌ.

عَصِبٌ Flesh, or flesh-meat, having many عَصَب [i. e. sinews, or tendons]. (TA.) عَصْبَةٌ n. un. of عَصْبٌ as syn. with عُصْبٌ [q. v.]. (TA.) عُصْبَةٌ n. un. of عُصْبٌ [q. v.]. (TA.) b2: and A party, or company, of men (Az, S, O, Msb) who league together to defend one another; (O; [See also عَصَبَةٌ;]) in number from ten to forty; (Az, S, O, Msb;) or, about ten: (IF, Msb:) or accord. to Akh, a company [of men]; as also ↓ عِصَابَةٌ; having no sing.: (O:) or ↓ the latter, (S, O, Msb,) or each, (K,) signifies a company, or an assemblage, of men, and of horses, (S, O, Msb, K,) or of horses with their riders, (TA,) and of birds, (S, O, Msb, K,) and of other things, (TA,) in number from ten to forty, (K, TA,) or the former from three to ten, or consisting of forty, or of seventy, but said to be originally applied to an unlimited number: its pl. is عُصَبٌ: (IAth, Msb, TA:) and the pl. of ↓ عِصَابَةٌ is عَصَائِبُ. (S, O, Msb, TA.) It is said in a trad. of 'Alee that the أَبْدَال are in Syria; and the نُجَبَآء, in Egypt; and the ↓ عَصَائِب, in El-'Irák; meaning, by the last, Companies assembled for wars: or a company of devotees, because coupled with the ابدال and the نجباء. (TA.) عِصْبَةٌ A mode, or manner, of binding, or winding round, one's head with a turban or the like. (L, TA.) عَصَبَةٌ n. un. of عَصَبٌ. (S, &c. [See the latter word in the paragraph headed by it and also voce عُصْبٌ.]) b2: Also A man's people, or party, who league together for his defence: (K, TA: [see also عُصْبَةٌ:]) thus accord. to the leading lexicologists. (TA.) b3: And The heirs of a man who has left neither parent nor offspring: and [particularly], with respect to the [portions of inheritances termed] فَرَائِض [pl. of فَرِيضَةٌ q. v.], all such as have not a فَرِيضَة named, and who receive if there remain anything after [the distribution of] the فَرَائِض: (K, TA:) thus accord. to those who treat of the فرائض, and accord. to the [other] lawyers: (TA:) or the relations by the side of the males: this is the meaning of what is said by the leading lexicologists: (Msb:) or, as is said by Az, a man's heirs consisting of male relations: (Msb, TA:) or his sons, and relations on the father's side: (S:) so called because they encompass him; the father being a طَرَف [i. e. an extremity in the right line], and so the son, and the paternal uncle being a جَانِب [i. e. a collateral relation], and so the brother: (Az, S, TA:) or a man's relations on the father's side; (Mgh, TA;) because they encompass him and he is strengthened by them: (TA:) afterwards it became applied to a single person as well as to a pl. number, and both a male and a female: (Mgh:) or the lawyers apply it to a single person when there is no other than he, because he stands in the place of the collective number in receiving the whole of the property; and in the language of the law it is applied to a female in certain cases relating to emancipation and inheritances, but not otherwise either in the proper language or in the language of the law: (Msb:) and ↓ عُصُوبَةٌ is used as its inf. n. [meaning the state of being persons, or a person, to whom the term عَصَبَةٌ is applied]: (Mgh:) it is said [by Az] in the T, “I have not heard any sing. of عَصَبَةٌ: accord. to analogy it should be عَاصِبٌ, like as طَالِبٌ is sing. of طَلَبَةٌ: ” (TA: [and the like is also said in the Mgh: in the Msb it is said that عَصَبَةٌ is pl. of عَاصِبٌ, like as كَفَرَةٌ is pl. of كَافِرٌ:]) the pl. is عَصَبَاتٌ. (Az, S, TA.) عَصَبِىٌّ One who aids his people, or party, against hostile conduct: or who is angry [or zealous] for the sake of his party, and defends them: [or one who invites others to the aid of his party, or to combine, or league, with them against those who act towards them with hostility, whether they be wrongdoers or wronged: or one who leagues with others: or one who defends others: or a partisan; a person of party-spirit; or one zealous in the cause of a party: (see 5, and see the paragraph next following this:)] occurring in a trad. (TA.) عَصَبِيَّةٌ [The quality of him who is termed عَصَبِىٌّ: i. e., of him who aids his people, or party, against hostile conduct: or of him who is angry, or zealous, for the sake of his party, and defends them: or of him who invites others to the aid of his party, and to combine, or league, with them against those who act towards them with hostility, whether they be wrongdoers or wronged: or of him who leagues with others: or of him who defends others: or partisanship; party-spirit; or zeal in the cause of a party: or (as expl. by De Sacy, Chrest. Ar., sec. ed., i. 411,) a strong attachment, which holds several persons closely united by the same interest or the same opinion: see 5, and see the paragraph next preceding this]. (S, K, TA.) عِصَابٌ A cord with which the thigh of a she-camel is bound in order that she may yield her milk copiously. (S.) b2: See also عِصَابَةٌ, in two places.

عَصُوبٌ A she-camel that will not yield her milk copiously unless her thigh, (S, O,) or thighs, (A, K,) be bound with a cord: (S, A, O, K:) or unless the lower parts of her nostrils be bound with a cord, and she be then urged to rise, and not loosed until she is milked. (Az, TA.) b2: And A woman having little flesh in her posteriors and thighs: or light in the hips, or haunches. (Kr, K.) عَصِيبٌ Lights [of an animal] bound round with guts, and then roasted, or broiled: (S, O, K:) pl. [of pauc.] أَعْصِبَةٌ (K) and [of mult.] عُصُبٌ. (S, O, K.) And Such as are twisted, of the guts of a sheep or goat. (TA.) And its pl. عُصُبٌ, Guts of a sheep or goat, folded, and put together, and then put into one of the winding guts of the belly. (L, TA.) A2: Also, and ↓ عَصَبْصَبٌ A vehement, or severe, day: (Fr, S, O, K:) or a vehemently-hot day: (Fr, K:) and the former is in like manner applied to a night (لَيْلَة), without ة: (TA:) and ↓ the latter signifies also a cold, and very cloudy, day, in which nothing is seen of the sky. (Abu-l- 'Alà, L, TA.) عِصَابَةٌ A thing with which another thing is bound, or wound round; as also ↓ عِصَابٌ (K, TA) and ↓ عَصْبٌ: (L, TA:) or a thing with which the head is bound, or wound round: (S, A, Mgh, O, TA;) and ↓ عِصَابٌ signifies a thing with which a thing other than the head is bound, or wound round; (A, TA;) anything, such as a piece of rag, or a fillet, or bandage, with which a broken limb, or a wound, is bound, is termed thus, i. e. عِصَابٌ: (L, TA:) and عِصَابَةٌ signifies also a turban; syn. عِمَامَةٌ: (A, Mgh, Msb, K, TA:) or this [in the TA by mistake written عمامة] signifies a small thing that serves as a covering for the head, [such as a kerchief or a fillet,] being wound round it; and what is larger is termed عِمَامَةٌ: ('Ináyeh of Esh-Shiháb, MF, TA:) or whatever is bound, or wound, round the head, whether it be a turban or a kerchief or a piece of rag: (TA, from an explanation of a trad.:) and ↓ عَصْبٌ [likewise] signifies a turban, and anything with which the head is bound, or wound round: (S, O:) the pl. of عِصَابَةٌ is عَصَائِبُ. (Mgh, TA.) El-Farezdak says, وَرَكْبٌ كَأَنَّ الرِّيحَ تَطْلُبُ مِنْهُمُ لَهَا سَلَبًا مِنْ جَذْبِهَا بِالعَصَائِبِ [And a company of riders in such a state that it seemed as though the wind desired to take for itself spoil from them, by its dragging away the turbans]: he means that the wind untwisted their turbans by its violence, as though it despoiled them thereof. (TA.) b2: And [hence] (assumed tropical:) A crown. (A, TA.) b3: See also عَصْبٌ, latter half. b4: and see عُصْبَةٌ, in four places. b5: And for the pl. applied to winds, see 1, former half.

عُصُوبَةٌ: see عَصَبَةٌ, near the end.

عَصَبْصَبٌ: see عَصِيبٌ, in two places.

عَصَّابٌ A vender, or spinner, of thread, or yarn; syn. غَزَّالٌ. (AA, S, O.) فُوهُ عَاصِبٌ His mouth is dry from the drying up of the saliva: and رَجُلٌ عَاصِبٌ A man in whose mouth the saliva has dried up. (TA.) مُعَصَّبُ, (S, O, TA,) accord. to the author of the K ↓ مُعَصِّبٌ, like مَحَدِّثٌ, in all its senses there explained, but accord. to others like مُعَظَّمٌ, (TA,) One having his waist bound round in consequence of hunger; (S, O;) one who binds round his body (يَتَعَصَّبُ) with pieces of a garment or of cloth, by reason of hunger; (K, TA;) one who, in consequence of leanness occasioned by hunger, binds round his belly with a stone [placed under the bandage: see مَعْصُوبٌ]: (TA:) or, accord. to A 'Obeyd, one whose property, or cattle, years of drought, or sterility, have eaten up: (S, O:) [or] it signifies also a poor man. (K, TA.) b2: And Turbaned; attired with a turban; (O, L, TA;) [as also ↓ مُعْتَصِبٌ.] b3: And [hence] (assumed tropical:) A chief; (K;) one made a chief. (Az, L, TA. [See 2.]) b4: And [hence] (assumed tropical:) Crowned: (O:) or a crowned king; as also ↓ مُعْتَصِبٌ: (A, TA:) because the crown encircles the head like a turban. (Az, TA.) مُعَصِّبٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

مَعْصُوبٌ [Twisted, or wound round: and folded, or folded tightly: and bound, or tied: see 1, first sentence. b2: And hence,] (assumed tropical:) Firm, or strong, in the compacture of the flesh. (S, O,) You say رَجُلٌ مَعْصُوبُ الخَلْقِ (assumed tropical:) [A man firm, or compact, in respect of make]; (S, A, O;) strongly, or firmly, knit, or compacted; not flabby in flesh. (TA.) And جَارِيَةٌ مَعْصُوبَةٌ, meaning حَسَنَةُ العَصْبِ i. e. مَجْدُولَةُ الخَلْقِ (assumed tropical:) [A girl, or young woman, goodly in respect of compacture; well compacted in respect of make]. (S, O.) b3: And (assumed tropical:) A slender, or an elegant, sword. (K.) b4: And (assumed tropical:) Hungry, having his belly bound round: (A:) or [simply] hungry; in the dial. of Hudheyl: (S, O:) or very hungry: (K:) or one whose bowels are almost dried up by hunger: an epithet said to be applied to a hungry man because he binds round his belly with a stone [within the bandage] on account of his hunger: it is said to have been the custom of any hungry man, among the Arabs, to bind his belly with a bandage, under which he sometimes put a stone. (TA.) b5: And (assumed tropical:) A letter (كِتَابٌ); thus called because bound round with a thread, or string: so in the saying, وَرَدَ عَلَىَّ مَعْصُوبٌ [A letter came to me]. (A, TA.) مُعْتَصِبٌ: see مُعَصَّبٌ, in two places.

رَجُلٌ يَعْصُوبٌ, A strong, or sturdy, man. (TA.)

طير

1 طَارَ, aor. ـِ (S, Msb,) inf. n. طَيَرَانٌ (S, A, Msb, K) and طَيْرُورَةٌ (Lh, S, K, &c.) and طَيْرٌ, (K,) He (a winged creature) moved in the air by means of his wings; flew; (A, K;) moved in the air as a beast does upon the ground. (Msb.) b2: It is also said of other things than those which have wings; as in the saying of El-'Amberee (Kureyt Ibn-Uneyf, Ham p. 3): طَارُوا إِلَيْهِ زَرَافَاتٍ وَوُحْدَانَا [They fly to it in companies and one by one]; (TA;) i. e. they hasten to it: for طِرْتُ إِلَى كَذَا means (assumed tropical:) I hastened to such a thing: and طِرْتُ بِكَذَا (assumed tropical:) I outstripped, or became foremost, with such a thing. (Ham p. 6.) And طار عَلَى مَتْنِ فَرَسِهِ (tropical:) He fled upon the back of his horse. (TA, from a trad.) And طار القَوْمُ (assumed tropical:) The people took fright and ran away quickly. (Msb.) And طَارُوا سِرَاعًا (assumed tropical:) They went away quickly. (TA.) b3: [One says also, طار عُقْلُهُ (assumed tropical:) His reason fled. And طار فُؤَادُهُ (tropical:) His courage (lit. his heart) fled away: see also 10: and see شَعَاعٌ. (Both are phrases of frequent occurrence.)] b4: And طار طَائرُهُ: see طَائِرٌ. b5: [And see an ex. voce شِقَّةٌ.] b6: طار قَلْبِى مَطَارَهُ means (assumed tropical:) My heart inclined towards that which it loved, and clung to it. (TA, from a trad.) And طِيرِى بِهِ, addressed to a woman, is expl. by IAar as meaning (assumed tropical:) Love thou, or become attached, to him. (TA.) b7: طارت عَيْنُهُ (S and K in art. خلج) (assumed tropical:) His eye throbbed. (PS and TK in that art.) b8: طار لَهُ صِيتٌ فِى النَّاسِ (tropical:) [He became famous among the people; lit. means fame among the people became, or came to be, (صَارَ,) his]. (A.) [And in like manner one says,] طار لَهُ مِنْ نَصِيبِهِ كَذَا (tropical:) Such a thing became his, or came to him, of his lot, or portion; syn. صَارَ, and حَصَلَ. (Mgh.) And طار لَنَا (tropical:) It came to our lot, or portion. (TA.) And طار لِكُلٍّ مِنْهُمْ سَهْمُهُ (tropical:) The share of each came to him. (TA.) b9: See also 6, in two places.

A2: طَارَ بِهِ is also syn. with طَيَّرَهُ, q. v. (TA.) b2: [Hence the metaphorical phrase طَارَتْ بِهَا العَرَبُ expl. voce عَرَبَةٌ.] b3: طارت الإِبِلُ بِآذَانِهَا, (TA,) or بِأَذْنَابِهَا, (O, TA,) thus [correctly] in the TS, (TA,) [like شَالَتْ بِأَذْنَابِهَا,] means (assumed tropical:) The she-camels conceived. (O, TA.) 2 طيّرهُ, (S, A, Msb, K,) and طيّر بِهِ, (K,) and ↓ اطارهُ, (S, A, Msb, K,) and ↓ طايرهُ, (S, K,) and طَارَ ↓ بِهِ CCC , (TA,) He made him to fly. (A, Msb, K.) [See also 10.] b2: طَيَّرَ العَصَافِيرَ عَنِ الزَّرْعِ He made the sparrows to fly away, [scared them, or dispersed them,] from the seedproduce. (A.) b3: هُمْ فِى شَىْءٍ لَا يُطَيَّرُ غُرَابُهُ [They are in that whereof the crow is not made to fly away, because of its abundance]: a prov. alluding to a state of plenty. (S, TA.) [See also غُرَابٌ.] One says also أُطِيرَ الغُرَابُ [The crow was made to fly away]. (S.) [See مُطَارٌ.] b4: طيّر فُؤَادَهُ (tropical:) [He, or it, made his courage (lit. his heart) to fly away]. (S in art. فز, &c.) b5: طيّر المَالَ بَيْنَ القَوْمِ, and ↓ اطارهُ, He divided the property into lots, or shares, among the people: (O, K, * TA:) أَطَرْتُ, signifying I divided into lots, or shares, occurs in a trad.; but some say that the أ is a radical letter. (IAth, TA.) b6: طيّر الفَحْلُ الإِبِلَ means (assumed tropical:) The stallion made all the she-camels to conceive: (K, TA:) or, to conceive quickly. (TA.) And طَيَّرَتْ هِىَ [or طُيِّرَتْ?] They conceived quickly. (TA.) 3 طَاْيَرَ see 2, first sentence.4 أَطْيَرَ see 2, in two places.

A2: اطارت أَرْضُنَا Our land abounded, or became abundant, in birds. (TA.) 5 تطيّر مِنْهُ, (S, A, Msb, K,) and بِهِ, (S, K,) sometimes changed to اِطَّيَّرَ, (S, A, Msb,) as in the Kur xxvii. 48, the ت being incorporated into the ط, and this requiring a conjunctive ا that the word may begin with it [and not with a quiescent letter], (S,) inf. n. [or rather quasi-inf. n.]

طِيَرَةٌ, the only instance of the kind except خِيَرَةٌ, which is the same in relation to تَخَيَّرَ, (IAth,) He augured evil from it; regarded it as an evil omen. (S, Msb, K.) The Arabs, when they desired to set about an affair, passed by the places where birds lay upon the ground, and roused them, in order to learn thence whether they should proceed or refrain: but the law forbade this. (Msb.) They augured evil from the croaking of the crow, and from the birds' going towards the left; and in like manner, from the motions of gazelles. (TA.) تَفَآءَلَ signifies the contr. of تطيّر. (TA.) 6 تطاير (assumed tropical:) It became scattered, or dispersed; (S, K, TA;) flew away or about; went away; became reduced to fragments; (TA;) as also ↓ استطار, (K, TA,) and ↓ طَارَ. (TA.) b2: (tropical:) It became long, or tall; (S, K;) as also ↓ طَارَ, (Sgh, K,) which is said of hair, (TA,) as is also the former, (S, TA,) and of a camel's hump. (Sgh, TA.) It is said in a trad., خُذْ مَا تَطَايَرَ مِنْ شَعَرِكَ (S, TA) [Clip thou] what has become long and dishevelled [of thy hair]. (TA.) b3: تطاير السَّحَابُ فِى السَّمَآءِ (assumed tropical:) The clouds became spread throughout the sky. (K, TA.) [See also 10.]7 انطار It became split, slit, or cracked. (K, TA.) [See also 10, latter part.]10 استطار [He made a thing to fly. See also 2. b2: Hence,] (assumed tropical:) He drew forth a sword quickly from its scabbard. (K, * TA.) b3: اُسْتُطِيرَ (assumed tropical:) It (for ex., dust, S) was made to fly. (S, K.) You say, كَادَ يُسْتَطَارُ مِنْ شِدَّةِ عَدْوِهِ (tropical:) [He was almost made to fly by reason of the vehemence of his running]. (A.) And اُسْتُطِيرَ فُؤَادُهُ مِنَ الفَزَعِ (tropical:) [His courage (lit. his heart) was made to fly away by reason of fright]. (A.) b4: (assumed tropical:) He was taken away quickly, as though the birds carried him away. (TA.) b5: (assumed tropical:) He hastened, or was quick, in running; (K;) he ran quickly; (O, L;) said of a horse. (O, L, K.) [A signification of the pass. form; as though meaning he was made to fly.] b6: (assumed tropical:) He was [flurried, or] frightened. (O, K.) [As though meaning originally he was made to fly by reason of fright.]

A2: استطار (tropical:) It (the dawn) spread; (S, A, Msb, K;) its light spread in the horizon: (TA:) [see مُسْتَطِيرٌ:] and the verb is used in the same sense in relation to other things: (S:) said of lightning, it spread in the horizon: and of dust, it spread in the air: and of evil, it spread. (TA.) See also 6. b2: (tropical:) It (a crack in a wall) appeared and spread. (A.) [See also استطال.]) It (a slit, or crack, for السُّوقُ in the K is a mistake for الشَّقُّ, or, accord. to the L, a crack in a wall, TA) rose, (K,) and appeared. (TA.) (assumed tropical:) It (a crack in a glass vessel, and wear in a garment,) became apparent in the parts thereof. (TA.) b3: (tropical:) It (a wall) cracked (K, TA) from the beginning thereof to the end. (TA.) (assumed tropical:) It (a glass vessel) showed a crack in it from beginning to end. (TA.) [See also 7.]

A3: استطارت said of a bitch, She desired the male. (O, K.) طَيْرٌ: see طَائِرٌ, in seven places: b2: and see also طَيْرَةٌ, in two places.

A2: طَيْرُ طَيْرُ, (O,) or طَيْرِ طَيْرِ, (TA,) is a cry by which a sheep or goat is called. (O, TA.) طَيْرَةٌ and ↓ طَيْرُورَةٌ (S, K) and ↓ طَيْرٌ (S) (tropical:) Levity; inconstancy. (S, K, TA.) You say, فِى فُلَانٍ طَيْرَةٌ and ↓ طَيْرُورَةٌ, (tropical:) In such a one is levity, or inconstancy. (S.) And ↓ اُزْجُرْ أَحْنَآءَ طَيْرِكَ (tropical:) [alluding to the original signification of طَيْرٌ, namely, “birds,”] means جَوَانِبَ خِفَّتِكَ وَطَيْشِكَ [agreeing with an explanation of the same saying voce حِنْوٌ, q. v.]. (S.) b2: Also طَيْرَةٌ (assumed tropical:) A slip; a stumble: hence the trad., إِيَّاكَ وَطَيْرَاتِ الشَّبَابِ (assumed tropical:) Beware thou of the slips and stumbles of youth. (TA.) طِيْرَةٌ and طِيَرَةٌ and طِوَرَةٌ; see طَائِرٌ; the second, in four places.

طَيْرُورَةٌ: see طَيْرَةٌ, in two places.

طَيَّارٌ (tropical:) A sharp, spirited, vigorous, horse, (K, TA,) that is almost made to fly by reason of the vehemence of his running; (TA;) as also ↓ مُطَارٌ. (K, TA. [The latter word in the CK written مَطار; but said in the TA to be with damm, and so written in a copy of the A.]) [See also طَيُّورٌ.] b2: See also مُسْتَطِيرٌ.

A2: Also A company of men. (O.) A3: As applied to A balance, it is not of the language of the Arabs: (O:) [i. e., it is post-classical:] it means an assay-balance (مِيزَانٌ and مَعْيَارٌ) for gold; so called because of the form of a bird, or because of its lightness: or the balance for dirhems [or moneys] that is known among them [who use it] by the appellation of the قارسطون [meaning the χαριστίων of Archimedes, (as is observed in a note in p. 178 of vol. ii. of the sec. ed. of Har,) i. e. the hydrostatic balance]: or, accord. to El-Fenjedeehee, the tongue (لِسَات) of the balance. (Har pp. 549-50.) هُوَ طَيُّورٌ فَيُّورٌ (assumed tropical:) He is sharp, and quick in returning [to a good state], or recovering [from his anger]. (K.) [See also طَيَّارٌ.]

طَائِرٌ A flying thing [whether bird or insect]: (Msb, * TA:) pl. ↓ طَيْرٌ, (S, Msb, K,) like as صَحْبٌ is pl. of صَاحِبٌ: (S, Msb:) or طَيْرٌ is originally an inf. n. of طَارَ: or an epithet contracted from طَيِّرٌ: (TA:) or a quasi-pl. n.; (Mgh, TA;) and this is the most correct opinion: (TA:) [but see, below, a reason for considering it originally an inf. n.:] and طَائِرٌ may also be quasi-pl. n., like جَامِلٌ and بَاقِرٌ: (TA:) ↓ طَيْرٌ is also sometimes used as a sing.; (Ktr, AO, S, Mgh, Msb, K;) as in the Kur iii. 43 [and v. 110], accord. to one reading: (S:) but ISd says, I know not how this is, unless it be meant to be [originally] an inf. n.: (TA:) [for an inf. n. used as an epithet is employed as sing. and pl.:] or طَائِرٌ, only, is used as a sing., (Th, IAmb, Msb,) by general consent; and AO once said so in common with others: (Th:) but ↓ طَيْرٌ has a collective, or pl., signification: (IAmb, Msb:) and is fem.: (Mgh:) or is more frequently fem. than masc.: (IAmb, Msb:) the pl. of طَيْرٌ is طُيُورٌ [a pl. of mult.] and أَطْيَارٌ [a pl. of pauc.]: (S, Msb, K:) or طُيُورٌ may be pl. of طَائِرٌ, like as سُجُودٌ is pl. of سَاجِدٌ: (TA:) طَائِرَةٌ is seldom applied to the female. (IAmb, Msb.) b2: [الطَّائِر is a name of (assumed tropical:) The constellation Cygnus; also called الدَّجَاجَةُ.] b3: هُوَ سَاكِنُ الطَّائِرِ means (tropical:) He is grave, staid, sedate, (K,) or motionless; so that if a bird alighted upon him, it would be still; for if a bird alight upon a man, and he move in the least, the bird flies away. (TA.) Of the same kind also is the saying, رُزِقَ فُلَانٌ سُكُونَ الطَّائِرِ وَخَفْضَ الجِنَاحِ (tropical:) [Such a one was endowed, or has been endowed, with gravity and gentleness]. (TA.) And طُيُورُهُمْ سَوَاكِنُ (tropical:) They are remaining fixed, settled, or at rest: and شَالَتْ نَعَامَتُهُمْ signifies the contrary. (A, TA.) And ↓ كَأَنَّ عَلَى رُؤُسِهِمُ الطَّيْرَ (tropical:) [As though birds were on their heads] is said of a people, meaning them to be motionless by reason of reverence: (S, K:) it was said of the Companions of Mohammad, describing them as quiet and grave [in his presence], without levity: and the origin of the saying is this: that birds alight only upon a thing that is still and inanimate: (TA:) or that the crow alights upon the head of the camel, and picks from it the ticks, (S, K,) and the young ones thereof, (S,) and the camel does not move (S, K) his head, (S,) lest the crow should take fright and fly away. (S, K.) In like manner, وَقَعَ طَائِرُهُ means (tropical:) He became grave, or sedate. (Meyd.) And طَارَ↓ طَائِرُهُ (tropical:) He became light, or inconstant: (Meyd:) and he became angry; (O, K, TA;) like ثَارَ ثَائِرُهُ and فَارَ فَائِرُهُ: (TA:) or he hastened, and was light, or active, or agile. (Har p. 561.) b4: And it is said in a trad., الرُّؤْيَا عَلَى رِجْلِ طَائِرٍ مَا لَمْ تُعَبَّرْ (O, TA) (assumed tropical:) A dream is unsettled as to its result, or final sequel, while it is not interpreted. (TA.) [The Arabs hold that the result of a dream is affected by its interpretation: wherefore it is added in this tradition, and said in others also, that the dreamer should not relate his dream, unless to a friend or to a person of understanding.] b5: ↓ عَيَّثَتْ طَيْرُهُ see expl. in art. عيث. b6: طَائِرٌ also signifies A thing from which one augurs either good or evil; an omen, a bodement, of good or of evil: (K:) and ↓ طِيَرَةٌ (S, K) and ↓ طِيرَةٌ (K) and ↓ طِوَرَةٌ (IDrd, Sgh, K, TA [in the CK, in this art., erroneously, طُورَةٌ, but in art. طور it is طِوَرَة,]) a thing from which one augurs evil; an evil omen or bodement; (S, K, &c.;) contr. of فَأْلٌ: (TA:) and طَائِرٌ signifies fortune, (A'Obeyd, K, TA,) whether good or evil: (TA:) and especially evil fortune; ill luck; as also ↓ طَيْرٌ and ↓ طِيَرَةٌ: for the Arabs used to augur evil from the croaking of the crow, and from birds going towards the left: [see 5:] (TA:) and ↓ طِيَرَةٌ is an inf. n. [or rather a quasi-inf. n.] of تَطَيَّرَ, [q. v.,] (IAth,) and signifies auguration of evil. (Msb.) The Arabs used to say, to a man or other thing from which they augured evil, (TA,) طَائِرُ اللّٰهِ لَا طَائِرُكَ, (ISk, S, IAmb,) and طائرَ اللّٰه لا طائرَك, meaning What God doth and decreeth, not what thou dost and causest to be feared: (IAmb:) accord. to ISk, one should not say اللّٰهِ ↓ طَيْرُ: (S:) but the Arabs are related to have said, also, لَا طَيْرَ إِلَّا طَيْرُ اللّٰهِ [There is no evil fortune but that which is of God]; like as one says, لَا أَمْرَ إِلَّا أَمْرُ اللّٰهِ. (As, S.) They also used to say, جَرَى لَهُ الطَّائِرُ بِأَمْرِ كَذَا [Fortune brought to him such an event]: and hence fortune, whether good or evil, is called طائر. (TA.) And it is said in the Kur [vii. 128], إِنَّمَا طَائِرُهُمْ عِنْدَ اللّٰهِ, meaning Their evil fortune, which will overtake them, is only that which is threatened to befall them in the latter state, [with God,] and not that which befalls them in the present state of existence: (TA:) or the cause of their good and evil is only with God; i. e., it is his decree and will: or the cause of their evil fortune is only with God; i. e., it is their works, which are registered with Him. (Bd.) It is said in a trad., that Mohammad liked what is termed فَأْل, and disliked what is termed ↓ طِيَرَة: (S:) and in another, that he denied there being any such thing as the latter. (TA.) A2: Also The means of subsistence; syn. رِزْقٌ. (K:) or misery: or happiness: every one of these three significations has been assigned to it in the Kur xvii. 14: in which, accord. to AM, it is meant that God has decreed to every man happiness or misery, according as He foresaw that he would be obedient or disobedient. (TA.) [See also what immediately follows.]

A3: Also The actions of a man which are [as it were] attached as a necklace to his neck. (S, Msb, K.) And this is [also said by some to be] its signification in the Kur xvii. 14. (Jel.) [The actions of a man are the cause of his happiness or misery.]

A4: الطَّائِرُ signifies also The brain. (AAF, L, K.) أَطْيَرُ مِنْ عُقَابٍ [More swift of flight than an eagle] is a prov. said of an عقاب because it may be in the morning in El-' Irák and in the evening in El- Yemen. (Meyd.) مَطَارٌ [A place to or from which a bird or other thing flies: in the phrase طَارَ قَلْبِى مَطَارَهُ, (see 1,) it lit. signifies a place to which one would fly:] a place of flying. (TA.) b2: أَرْضٌ مَطَارَةٌ [and ↓ مُطِيرَةٌ (see 4)] A land abounding with birds. (S, K.) A2: حَفْرٌ مَطَارٌ, (O,) and بِئْرٌ مَطَارَةٌ, (O, K,) [A pit, or cavity, and a well,] wide in the mouth. (O, K.) مُطَارٌ Made to fly away: En-Nábighah says, وَلِرَهْطِ حَرَّابٍ وَقَدٍّ سُورَةٌ فِى المَجْدِ لَيْسَ غُرَابُهُ بِمُطَارِ [And to the family of Harráb and Kadd belongs an eminence in glory of which they fear not any diminution: lit., of which the crow is not made to fly away; the greatness of their glory being likened to abundant seed-produce, as has been shown above: see 2]: (S:) A 'Obeyd says that Harráb and Kadd were two men of the BenooAsad. (TA in art. قد.) b2: See also طَيَّارٌ.

مُطِيرَةٌ: see مَطَارٌ.

مُطَيَّرٌ A sort of [garment of the kind called]

بُرْد (O, K) having upon it the forms of birds. (O.) A2: And Aloes-wood: (K:) or a certain preparation thereof: (AHn, TA:) or such as is مُطَرًّى [i. e. mixed with some other odoriferous substance]; formed by transposition from the latter word; (O, K;) but this pleased not ISd: (TA:) or aloes-wood split and broken in pieces. (O, K. *) مُسْتَطَارٌ [Made to fly.] b2: And hence,] (assumed tropical:) A horse that hastens, or is quick, in running: (K:) that runs quickly. (TS, L.) It is contracted by the poet 'Adee into مُسْطَار, or مُصْطَار. (TA.) And مُسْطَارٌ for مُسْتَطَارٌ is applied as an epithet to wine. (TA. [No ex. is there given to indicate the meaning.]) مُسْتَطِيرٌ (tropical:) Spreading; applied to dust; as also ↓ طَيَّارٌ; (TA;) and to hoariness; and to evil: (L:) rising and spreading; (K;) whereof the light spreads in the horizon; applied to the true dawn, which renders it unlawful to the faster to eat or drink or indulge in other carnal pleasure, and on the appearance of which the prayer of daybreak may be performed, and which is termed الخِيْطُ الأَبْيَضُ: that to which the epithet مُسْتَطِيل is applied is [the false dawn,] that which is likened to the tail of the wolf (ذَنَبُ السِّرْحَانِ), and is termed الخِيْطُ الأَسْوَدُ; and this does not render anything unlawful to the faster. (TA.) b2: Also A dog excited by lust; (Lth, O, K;) and so a camel; (K;) or the epithet applied in this sense to the latter is هَائِجٌ. (Lth, O, TA.)

ضو

أ1 ضَوڤاَ see 4, in two places.2 ضَوَّاَ see the next paragraph, in two places. b2: One says also, ضَوَّأْتُ عَنْهُ [meaning I brought to light, made visible, discovered, or revealed, him, or it]. (M, TA.) A sheep, or goat, belonging to an Arab of the desert strayed; whereupon he said, اَللّٰهُمَّ ضَوِّئْ عَنْهُ [O God, bring it to light, or discover it]. (A, TA.) A2: Accord. to Lth, but he is the only authority for it known by AM, (TA,) ضَوَّأَ عَنِ الأَمْرِ, inf. n. تَضْوِئَةٌ, means He declined, or turned away, from the affair. (K, TA.) 4 اضآء, (M, Msb, K,) said of a thing, (M,) [as, for instance,] of the moon, (Msb,) or اضآءت, said of fire (النَّار,), (A 'Obeyd, S, O,) inf. n. إِضَآءٌ; (Msb;) and ↓ ضَآءَ, (M, Msb, K,) or ضَآءَت, (S, O,) aor. ـُ (M,) or ـُ (S,) inf. n. ضَوْءٌ (S, M, O, Msb, K) and ضُوْءٌ, (S, O, K,) or the latter is a simple subst.; (Msb;) but the former verb is preferred; (TA;) It gave light, was light or bright, shone, or shone brightly. (Msb, K, * TA.) [See also an ex. of ↓ the latter verb in a verse cited voce أُفُقٌ; and cited here in the TA.] and أَضَأْتُ لَهُ [I gave light to him]. (M.) A2: The former verb is also trans.: you say, أَضَآءَتْهُ النَّارُ [The fire made it to be light or bright, to shine, or to shine brightly]: (S, O:) and أَضَأْتُهُ and ↓ ضَوَّأْتُهُ [I made it to give light, to be light or bright, to shine, or to shine brightly]: (M, Msb, * K:) and أَضَأْتُ بِهِ البَيْتَ and بِهِ ↓ ضَوَّأْتُهُ [I lighted, or illumined, with it (i. e. with a lamp or the like) the house, or chamber, or tent]. (M.) b2: [Hence,] اضآء بِبَوْلِهِ (tropical:) He ejected his urine [so as to make its drops to glisten]; or emitted it and then stopped it; syn. حَذَفَ بِهِ; (K, TA;) or خَذَفَ بِهِ; (so in a copy of the M, as on the authority of Kr;) or, as in the A, أَذْرَعَ بِهِ. (TA.) b3: and they said مَا أَضْوَأَهُ [How light, or bright, is it!]. (S voce أَظْلَمَ [q. v.].) b4: And اضآء signifies also أَصَابَ ضَوْءًا [He saw (lit. lighted on, or found,) light, or brightness]. (T voce أَظْلَمَ [q. v.]) 5 تضوّأ He stood in the dark to see people by the light of their fire, (Az, K, TA,) without their seeing him. (Az, TA.) And تضوّا امْرَأَةً [He stood in the dark to see a woman by the light of her fire, without her seeing him]. (TA.) 10 اِسْتَضَأُتُ بِهِ [I sought to obtain light by means of it; I made use of it for light]. (M, K.) لَا تَسْتَضِيؤُوا بِنَارِ أَهْلِ الشِّرْكِ [lit. Seek not ye to obtain light by means of the fire of the people of belief in a plurality of gods], (O, K,) a saying of the Prophet, (O,) means (tropical:) seek not ye counsel, or advice, of the believers in a plurality of gods, in affairs: (O, K:) because he whose affair is confused and dubious to him is as though he were in darkness. (O.) ضَوْءٌ and ↓ ضُوْءٌ and ↓ ضِيَآءٌ (S, M, O, K) and ↓ ضِوَآءٌ, (M, K,) the last of which is [erroneously] written in the L ضَوَآءٌ, (TA,) signify the same, (S, M, O, K,) i. e. Light, syn. نُورٌ, (K, TA,) accord. to the leading lexicologists; but see what follows: (TA:) and ضَوْءٌ is an inf. n. of ضَآءَ, (S, M, O, Msb, K,) and so is ↓ ضُوْءٌ, (S, O, K,) or this is a simple subst. from ضَآءَ, and so is ↓ ضِيَآءٌ, which is also, sometimes, written ↓ ضِئَآءٌ, from أَضَآءَ as syn. with ضَآءَ: (Msb:) the pl. of ضَوْءٌ (M, TA) and ↓ ضُوْءٌ (M) is أَضْوَآءٌ; and ↓ ضِيَآءٌ is sometimes a pl., (M, TA,) as Zj states it to be: (TA:) some say that ضَوْءٌ has a more intensive signification than نُورٌ, and that hence God has likened his direction [the Kur-án] to النُّور rather than to الضَّوْء; because if it were otherwise, no one had erred: and that hence, also, [in the Kur x. 5,] the sun is termed ↓ ضِيَآء; and the moon, نُورٌ: it is also said that ضَوْءٌ signifies the rays that are diffused by what is termed نُورٌ: the kádee Zekereeyà affirms that these two words are syn. by their original application, but that ضَوْءٌ is more forcible accord. to usage: and some say that الضَّوْءُ signifies that [light] which subsists by itself, as [that of] the sun, and fire; and النُّورُ, to that which subsists by some other thing [as does the light of the moon]. (MF, TA.) ضُوْءٌ: see the next preceding paragraph, in three places.

ضِوَآءٌ: see ضَوْءٌ.

ضِيَآءٌ and ضِئَآءٌ: see ضَوْءٌ, in five places.

ضيق

1 ضَاقَ, aor. ـِ inf. n. ضَيْقٌ (S, O, Msb, K) and ضِيقٌ, (S, O, K,) or this latter is a simple subst., (Msb,) It was, or became, narrow, or strait; contr. of اِتَّسَعَ; (Msb, K;) as also ↓ تضيّق, [or rather this signifies it was, or became, rendered narrow, or strait, being quasipass. of 2,] and ↓ تضايق: (K:) it is said of a thing, (S, O, Msb,) and of a place. (Msb.) [See also ضَيْقٌ below.] ضَاقَتْ عَلَيْهِمُ الْأَرْضُ, in the Kur ix. 119, means The earth became strait to them. (Bd, Jel.) And one says, ضَاقَتْ بِهِ الأَرْضُ [meaning, in like manner, The earth, or land, became narrow, or strait, with him]: 'Amr Ibn-El-Ahtam says, لَعَمْرُكَ مَا ضَاقَتْ بِلَادٌ بِأَهْلِهَا وَلٰكِنَّ أَخْلَاقَ الرِّجَالِ تَضِيقُ [By thy life, or by thy religion, countries have not become narrow with their inhabitants, but the dispositions of the men become narrow]. (O, TA.) [ضاق بِهِ often signifies, and so does به ↓ تضايق, It was, or became, choked, surcharged, or overfilled, with it; for instance, a water-course with water, and a place with people.] And ↓ تضايق بِهِ الأَمْرُ means ضاق عَلَيْهِ (tropical:) [The affair was, or became, strait to him]. (O, TA. [See an ex. in art. رحب, conj. 6.]) One says also, ضاق عَلَيْهِ مَعَاشُهُ: see 4. [And ضاق الوَقْتُ (assumed tropical:) The time became strait, or contracted.] And ضاق صَدْرُهُ (assumed tropical:) His bosom, or mind, became strait, or contracted: (Msb:) and ضاق عَنْهُ صَدْرُكَ (assumed tropical:) [Thy mind became so contracted as to be incapable of it: or thy mind shrank from it]. (K.) [and يَضِيقُ العَقْلُ عَنْ تَقْدِيرِهِ (assumed tropical:) The intellect is incapable of determining its limit, or limits, or the like.] And ضاق عَنِ الجَوَابِ and بِالجَوَابِ (assumed tropical:) [He was straitened, or embarrassed, so as to be unable to reply, or to answer; he was incapable of replying, or answering]: both signify the same. (TA in art. زند.) And ضاق بالأَمْرِ ذَرْعًا, (S, * O, * Msb,) meaning (assumed tropical:) The thing, or affair, was difficult, or distressing, to him, (Msb,) originally ضاق ذَرْعُهُ بِهِ, (S, * O, * Msb,) i. e. his ability [was straitened by it, or was inadequate to it]; and his power: (Msb:) or his art, or artifice, or cunning: or his way, course, mode, or manner, of acting (مَذْهَبُهُ) [was straitened, or rendered difficult, or distressing, by it]. (O. [See more voce ذَرْعٌ: and see a similar phrase in the Kur xi. 79 and xxix. 32.]) And hence, app., the saying ضاق المَالُ عَنِ الدُّيُونِ (tropical:) The property was inadequate to the debts. (Msb.) And you say, ضاق عَنْكَ الشَّىْءُ [meaning لَمْ يَسَعْكَ (assumed tropical:) The thing was not allowable to thee]: one says, لَا يَسَعُنِى شَىْءٌ وَيَضِيقَ عَنْكَ, (S, O, * TA, [in the O, erroneously, لا يستغنى,]) i. e. وَأَنْ يَضِيقَ عَنْكَ (assumed tropical:) [A thing will not be allowable to me conjointly with its being disallowable to thee, وَأَنْ يَضِيقٌ meaning مَعَ ضَيْقِهِ]: بَلْ مَتَى وَسِعَنِى شَىْءٌ وَسِعَكَ [but when a thing is allowable to me, it is allowable to thee]. (S in art. وسع.) And ضاق, (aor. ـِ K, inf. n. ضِيقٌ, TA,) (tropical:) He was or became, niggardly, or avaricious. (S, O, Msb, K, TA.) 2 ضيّقهُ, (Msb, K,) inf. n. تَضْيِيقٌ, (Msb, TA,) He made it strait, or narrow; (Msb, K;) namely, a place [&c.]; (Msb;) as also ↓ اضاقهُ, (K,) inf. n. إِضَاقَةٌ. (TA.) You say, ضَيَّقْتُ عَلَيْهِ المَكَانَ, (S,) or الشَّىْءَ, i. e. I straitened, or made narrow, to him [the place, or the thing; or I scanted it, or made it scanty]; contr. of وَسَّعْتُهُ عَلَيْهِ. (O.) And ضَيَّقْتُ عَلَيْهِ [alone, used elliptically, I straitened him, properly speaking; and also, (assumed tropical:) his circumstances &c.]. (Msb.) And ضُيِّقَ عَلَى فُلَانٍ (assumed tropical:) [Such a one was straitened]. (TA.) لِتُضَيِّقُوا عَلَيْهِنَّ, in the Kur [lxv. 6, (assumed tropical:) In order that ye may straiten them], implies relation to expenses and to the bosom. (TA.) [See 3.

التَّضْيِيقُ بَيْنَ شَيْئَيْنِ, occurring in the S and K in art. حوص, means The making a coarctation between two things.]3 ضايقهُ He straitened him: (MA:) [see also 2: or, properly, he straitened him, being in like manner straitened by him: see 1 in art. زحم: and] (tropical:) he treated him, or behaved towards him, with hardness, or harshness; (O, * K, * TA;) فِى كَذَا [in, or in respect of, such a thing]. (TA.) 4 اضاق (tropical:) His means of living became strait (عَلَيِْه مَعَاشُهُ ↓ ضَاقَ); (TA;) his property went away; (S, O, Msb, K;) and he became poor. (TA.) A2: See also 2.5 تَضَيَّقَ see 1, first sentence.6 تَضَاْيَقَ see 1, in three places. تضايقوا They straitened one another; pushed, or pressed, one against another; or crowded one another; in a place of assembly; syn. زَحَمَ بَعْضُهُمْ بَعْضًا: (Msb in art. زحم:) or they became straitened in a place, or (assumed tropical:) in disposition. (S, O.) 10 استضاقت بِدُرْجَةٍ [She endeavoured to constrict her vagina by means of a pessary], (O, K, TA,) or بِالأَدْوِيَةِ [by means of medicaments]; (A, TA;) said of a woman. (A, O, K.) ضَيْقٌ an inf. n. of 1, (S, O, Msb, K,) as also ↓ ضِيقٌ, (S, O, K,) or the latter is a simple subst.: (Msb:) [both, used as simple substs., signify Narrowness, or straitness:] accord. to Fr, [both seem to signify thus; but the latter, properly; and the former, tropically; for he says that]

الضَّيْقُ is in that which does not [really] become wide, like the mind (الصَّدْر): (O:) or it is مَا ضَاقَ عَنْهُ صَدْرُكَ [that of which the mind by its being contracted is incapable, or from which the mind shrinks; an explanation not given in the K as on the authority of Fr, and deviating from his words as given in the O; whence it appears that, for مَا, we should perhaps read فِيمَا]: (K:) but ↓ الضِّيقُ is in that which may be [really] wide, like the house and the garment: (O, K:) and the former [is also used as an epithet, being a contraction of ضَيِّقٌ in this case, and as such] has a dual and a plural and a feminine; but the latter has not: (O:) or ↓ both are alike [in signification]: (K:) and ↓ ضَيْقَةٌ is syn. with ضِيقٌ. (S.) b2: Also, and ↓ ضَيَقٌ, accord. to AA, (O, [the latter there expressly said to be بِالتَّحْرِيكِ,]) or the former and ↓ ضِيقٌ, (K, [said in the TA to be a mistake for ضَيَقٌ, but see what follows,]) Doubt (AA, O, K) in the heart: (K) the first is more common than the second, in this sense; and occurs in the Kur in xvi. last verse and xxvii. 72: (O:) [but] Ibn-Ketheer read, in both of these instances, ↓ ضِيق; and this and ضَيْق are dial. vars. signifying straitness of mind. (Bd.) A2: See also ضَيِّقٌ, in two places: b2: and ضَيْقَةٌ, second sentence, in two places.

ضِيقٌ: see the next preceding paragraph, in five places.

ضَيَقٌ: see ضَيْقٌ, latter part.

ضَيْقَةٌ: see ضَيْقٌ, latter part. b2: Also (S) (tropical:) Poverty; and an evil state or condition; (S, O, K, TA;) and so ↓ ضِيقَةٌ: (K, TA:) and the pl. [or rather coll. gen. n.] (Fr, S, K, TA) of the former (Fr, S, TA) is ↓ ضَيْقٌ: (Fr, S, K, TA: [in the CK, erroneously, ضِيقٌ:]) Fr says, when you see ↓ الضَّيْق to have occurred in the place of الضِّيق, it is in [one of] two cases; either it is the pl. [or coll. gen. n.] of الضَّيْقَةُ; or it means the narrow, or strait, thing, ضَيْقٌ being a contraction of ضَيِّقٌ. (TA.) b3: And الضَّيْقَةُ, (O,) or ضَيْقَةُ [without the article], (JK, O, TA,) or ↓ الضِّيقَةُ, (K, [app. a mistake, for in the O, in every case, whether as a proper name or not, الضيقة is written الضَّيْقَةُ,]) is the name of A certain mansion of the moon, (JK, O, K, TA,) [not one of the Twentyeight Mansions,] close by الثُّرَيَّا [or the Pleiades]: (JK, O, TA:) or, as IKt says, on the authority of Ibn-Ziyád El-Kilábee, sometimes the moon falls short of الدَّبَرَان and alights in الضيقة, i. e. two small stars, near together, between الثُّرَيَّا and الدَّابَرَان: (TA:) it is asserted by the Arabs to be an inauspicious place. (O, * TA.) Hence the saying of El-Akhtal, فَهَلَّا زَجَرْتَ الطَّيْرَ لَيْلَةَ جِئْتَهَا بِضَيْقَةَ بَيْنَ النَّجْمِ وَالدَّبَرَانِ

[And wherefore didst not thou draw an omen from the flight of birds on the night when thou camest to her, when the moon was in Deykah, between the Pleiades and Ed-Debarán?]: he notifies that the moon, in the night of their coming together, was making its abode [in the neighbourhood of] الدبران, which is inauspicious: (O, TA:) or [the latter hemistich, as J relates it, app. on the authority of A 'Obeyd, is thus,] بِضَيْقَةِ بَيْنَ النَّجْمِ وَالدَّبَرَانِ from الضَّيْقَةُ as syn. with الضَّيْقُ; (S;) and as AA relates the verse, it is [thus] with kesr to the ة in بضيقة; the word not being made the [proper] name of a place, but the meaning being بضيقة مَا بَيْنَ النجم والدبران [i. e. in the narrow space between the Pleiades and Ed-Debarán]. (TA.) b4: ضَيْقَةٌ is also the fem. of ضَيْقٌ the contracted form of ضَيِّقٌ. (S, O, TA.) ضِيقَةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph, former half, in two places.

ضُوقَى and ضِيقَى are fems. of ↓ أَضْيَقُ; (S, O, K;) the former [as well as the latter] is [originally] of the measure فُعْلَى, (TA,) [each being originally ضُيْقَى,] the ى being changed in the former into و because quiescent and preceded by dammeh: (S, O, TA:) the former occurs in the saying of a woman to her fellowwife, contending with her for superiority, مَا أَنْتِ بِالخُورَى وَلَا الضُّوقَى حِرًا [Thou art not the better nor the narrower &c.; خُورَى being in like manner fem. of أَخْيَرُ]. (TA.) Accord. to Kr, the former is pl. of ↓ ضَيِّقَةٌ; (TA;) and he says the same of ضِيقَى also; (TA voce كَيِّسٌ;) but ISd says, I know not how this may be, for فُعْلَى is not of the measures of pls. except of the kind of pl. which differs not from its sing. otherwise than in the latter's having ة [as an affix], like بُهْمَاةٌ and بُهْمَى [q. v.]. (TA in the present art.) ضِيَاقٌ: see مِضْيَاقٌ.

ضَائِقٌ: see the next paragraph, in four places.

ضَيِّقٌ and ↓ ضَيْقٌ, (S, O, K,) the latter a contraction of the former, (S,) the two being like هَيِّنٌ and هَيْنٌ [&c.], (O,) and ↓ ضَائِقٌ, (K,) Narrow, or strait: (S, * O, * K:) or ضَيِّقٌ is an epithet used in this sense when permanence [of the attribute] is meant [and so therefore is its contracted form]; and ↓ ضَائِقٌ as meaning [being, or becoming, narrow or strait; or] temporarily narrow or strait: (Msb:) the fem. of the first (TA) and of the second (S, O, TA) [as well as of the third] is with ة: (S, O, TA:) see also ضُوقَى: [the pls. of the first and second, applied to rational beings, is ضَيِّقُونَ and ضَيْقُونَ, like مَيِّتُونَ and مَيْتُونَ: and] the pl. of ↓ ضَائِقٌ is ضَاقَةً. (TA.) You say شَىْءٌ ضَيِّقٌ (O, Msb) and ↓ ضَيْقٌ (O) A narrow, or strait, thing. (O, * Msb.) And صَدْرٌ ضَيِّقٌ (assumed tropical:) A strait, or contracted, mind; (Msb;) and نَفْسٌ ضَيِّقَةٌ [meaning the same]. (TA.) And بِهِ صَدْرُكَ ↓ وَضَائقٌ, in the Kur [xi. 15], means (assumed tropical:) And thy mind is temporarily strait or contracted thereby. (Msb.) ضَيِّقٌ signifies also (assumed tropical:) Niggardly, or avaricious. (KL.) [And ضَيِّقُ الخُلُقِ (assumed tropical:) Narrow, or illiberal, in disposition.]

أَضْيَقُ [More, and most, narrow or strait or contracted]: (S, O, K:) see its fems. ضُوقَى and ضِيقَى, above. [See also three exs. voce اِسْتٌ, in art. سته.]

مَضِيقٌ A narrow, or strait, place: (K:) [a pass: a place of narrowness or straitness] of land; and of the vulva; and (assumed tropical:) [a place, or state, of straitness] of life, or of the means of subsistence: (K in art. ازم:) and (tropical:) a narrow, or strait, affair or case: (K, TA:) pl. مَضَايِقُ. (TA.) أَمْرٌ مُضَيَّقٌ (assumed tropical:) [An affair rendered strait]. (TA.) مِضْيَاقٌ, (JK, and O on the authority of Ibn-'Abbád, and TA,) or ↓ ضِيَاقٌ, like كِتَابٌ [in measure], thus in all the copies of the K, (TA,) [but probably, I think, taken from a mistranscription,] A pessary (دُرْجَةٌ) of rag and perfume, with which a woman endeavours to constrict her vagina (تَسْتَضِيقُ بِهَا). (JK, Ibn-'Abbád, O, K.)

هتر

1 هَتَرَهُ, aor. ـِ (K, TA,) like يَضْرِبُ, (TA [in the CK, ??, but this is evidently a mistake,]) It (old age, K, TA, and disease and grief, TA), made him to be such as is called مُهْتَرٌ; [i. e., made him to lose his reason, or intellect: or to be addicted to, or fond of, speaking of a thing: which latter signification seems to be particularly indicated in the lexicon from which this is taken; but the former seems the more appropriate.] (K.) 3 هاترهُ, [inf. n. مُهَاتَرَةٌ and هِتَارٌ,] He encountered him with mutual reviling, saying what was false: (K, * TA:) so says IAmb, on the authority of Az; but, says Th, accord. to others, المُهَاتَرَةُ signifies the saying [that] whereof one part contradicts, or annuls, another: and hence one says, دَعِ الهِتَارَ [leave the saying that whereof one part contradicts another]. (TA.) 4 أُهْتِرَ He became disordered in his intellect: (A, TA:) or he became so by reason of old age: (S:) or he lost his reason from old age, (Az, A'Obeyd, K,) as also ↓ إِسْتَهْتَرَ, (Az, TA,) or from disease, or grief; as also أَهْتَرَ. (K.) See also 10, in two places.5 تهتّر He was, or became, stupid, and ignorant. (K: but only the inf. n. is there mentioned.) 6 تهاترا They accused each other falsely. (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K.) b2: And hence, تهاترت البَيِّنَاتُ, (Msb,) and الشَّهَادَاتُ, (A, Mgh,) The testimonies, or evidences, became null: (Mgh, Msb:) or belied one another. (A.) 10 إِسْتَهْتَرَ: see 4. b2: He was, or became, much given to false, or vain, sayings, or actions. (TA [but this seems rather to be أُسْتُهْتِرَ: see its part. n., below.]) b3: (assumed tropical:) He followed his own natural desire, not caring what he did. (Msb [but this also seems to be in the pass. form.]) b4: أُسْتُهْتِرَ بِكَذَا (tropical:) He became addicted to, or fond of, such a thing, (K, TA,) not talking of any other thing, (TA,) nor caring what was done to him, (K, TA,) nor how he was reviled: (K:) he became addicted to, or fond of, such a thing, not talking of, nor doing, any other thing: and he became fascinated by such a thing, and lost his reason on account of it, and his strong determination became turned towards it, so that he talked much and vainly respecting it. (TA.) b5: إِسْتَهْتَرَ بِفُلَانَةَ, [or أُسْتُهْتِرَ,] and بِهَا ↓ أَهْتَرَ, [or أُهْتِرَ,] (tropical:) He [became attached, or devoted, to such a woman so that he] cared not what was said of him on her account, nor how he was reviled: (A, TA:) and ↓ أُهْتِرَ also signifies (assumed tropical:) he became addicted or given to, or fond of, speaking of a thing. (K.) هُتْرٌ The loss of reason from old age or disease or grief. (K.) هِتْرٌ An error in speech. (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K.) You say, جَآءَ بِهِتْرٍ مِنَ القَوْلِ He uttered an error of speech. (A.) And ↓ هِتْرٌ هَاتِرٌ A great error of speech. (S, K. *) b2: A falsehood; a lie. (K.) You say, قَوْلٌ هِتْرٌ A false saying (TA.) هَاتِرٌ: see هِتْرٌ.

تَهَاتِرُ Testimonies, or evidences, that belie one another: as though pl. of تَهْتَرٌ: (K:) or any evidences, or testimonies, that are not legal proofs (Mgh [but in my copy of that work written تَهاتُر.]) مُهْتَرٌ Disordered in his intellect, (S,) or having lost his reason, (Az, A'Obeyd, K,) from old age. (Az, A'Obeyd, S, K,) or from disease, or grief: (K:) if from أَهْتَرَ, it is anomalous. (K, TA,) like مُحْصَنٌ, &c. (TA.) b2: (assumed tropical:) Addicted or given to, or fond of, speaking of a thing (K.) See also مُسْتَهْتَرٌ.

مُهْتِرٌ Erring in his speech. (TA.) مُسْتَهْتَرٌ Much given to false, or vain, sayings, or actions: (K:) or one who says what is false or erroneous: or one who cares not what is said of him, nor how he is reviled: or (assumed tropical:) attached, or devoted, (مُسْتَهْتَرٌ,) to the world (IAth, TA) b2: مُسْتَهْتَرٌ بِشَىْءٍ (tropical:) Addicted to, or fond of, a thing, (K, TA,) or fascinated by it, (A,) not talking of any other thing, (TA,) nor caring what is done to him, (A, K, TA,) nor how he is reviled, (K,) having lost his reason; (A.) as also ↓ مُهْتَرٌ. (A.) You say, فُلَانٌ مُسْتَهْتَرٌ بِالشَّرَابِ (tropical:) Such a one is addicted to, or fond of, drink, not caring what is said of him. (S.)

نور

1 نَارَ intrans., in the sense of أَنَارَ: see the latter, in two places.

A2: نَارُوا النَّارَ: see 5.

A3: نُرْتُ البَعِيرَ (tropical:) I made a mark upon the camel with a hot iron. (M, K.) See نَارٌ.2 نوّر, intrans., in the sense of أَنَارَ, from النُّورُ: see 4, in two places. b2: نوّر بِالفَجْرِ, (Mgh, Msb,) inf. n. تَنْوِيرٌ, (Msb,) He performed the prayer of daybreak when the dawn had become light (Mgh, Msb:) (tropical:) or when the horizon had become bright: (TA:) تَنْوِيرُ الفَجْرِ, without بِ is an amplification. (Mgh.) تَنْوِيرٌ as a subst. from this verb, see below.

A2: نوّر, trans. in the sense of أَنَارَ, from النُّورُ: see 4. in three places.

A3: نوّر, (S, A, Msb, K.) inf. n. تَنْوِيرٌ, (S, K,) It (a tree. S, A, Msb, K, and a plant, Msb) blossomed, or flowered it put forth its نَوْر; (S, A, Msb, K;) as also ↓ أَنَارَ, (S, Msb, K,) originally أَنْوَرَ, (TA,) See also 4. b2: It (seed-produce) attained to maturity: (K:) [see an ex. in a verse cited in art. سمو, conj. 3:] تَنْوِيرٌ, the inf. n. of the verb in this sense, has a pl. تَنَاوِيرُ. (TA.) A4: نوّرهُ He smeared him or it with نُورَة. (Mgh, Msb.) b2: نوّر ذِرَاعَهُ, (S, K,) inf. n. تَنْوِيرٌ, (TA,) He pricked his fore-arm with a needle, and then sprinkled نَوُور, [q. v.] upon it. (S, K.) 4 انار, (inf. n. إِنَارَةٌ, Msb,) It (a thing) (S, Msb) gave light; or shone; or shone brightly; (S, A, * Msb, K; *) as also ↓ نوّر, (Lh, S, * A, Msb, K,) inf. n. تَنْوِيرٌ; (S, Msb;) and ↓ استنار; (S, A, Msb, K;) and ↓ نَارَ, (A, Msb, K,) aor. ـُ (Msb,) inf. n. نَوْرٌ, (K, TA,) or نُورٌ, (as in a copy of the A,) or نِيَارٌ: (Msb;) and ↓ تنوّر: (K:) نوّر (S, * Mgh, Msb, K) and انار (Mgh, Msb) and استنار, (Msb,) said of the dawn, signify as above; (Mgh, Msb;) or its light appeared. (S, * K) b2: [Hence,] الفِتْنَةُ ↓ نَارَتِ, aor. ـُ Sedition, or discord, or the like, happened and spread. (Msb.) b3: [Hence also,] انار and أَنْوَرَ, (K.) the latter being the original form; said of a plant; (TA;) It became beautiful: and it became apparent. (K, TA.) And أَنْوَرَتِ الشَّجَرَةُ The tree became beautiful in its verdure: or, as some say, put forth its blossoms or flowers. (TA.) See also 2.

A2: انار and ↓ نوّر He made to give light; to shine; or to shine brightly. (Msb.) ↓ التَّنْوِيرُ and الإِنَارَةُ signify the same. (S.) You say, انار السِّرَاجَ, and ↓ نوّرهُ, (A,) and المِصْبَاحَ ↓ نوّر, (Msb,) He made the lamp to give light; or to become bright. (Msb.) b2: انار المَكَانَ He illumined, or lighted, the place; (K;) i. e., put light [or a light] in it. (TA.) b3: [Hence,] انارهُ (tropical:) He elucidated it; rendered it apparent or plainly apparent, conspicuous, manifest, or evident; (TA;) as also ↓ نورّهُ. (A, TA. *) b4: And hence, انار اللّٰهُ بُرْهَانَهُ (tropical:) God taught him, or dictated to him, his proof. (TA.) 5 see 4, first signification.

A3: تنورّوا النَّارَ مِنْ بِعِيدٍ, (S, K,) and ↓ نَارُوهَا, (K,) They looked at the fire, or endeavoured to see it (تَبَصَّرُوهَا,) from afar: (S, K:) or تنوّر النَّارَ he looked at the fire, or endeavoured to see it, (تَبَصَّرَهَا) and repaired towards it: (A:) or he came to the fire: it has this signification as well as the first. (TA.) b2: تنوّر الرَّجُلَ, and المَرْأَةَ, He looked at the man, and the woman, at or by a fire, from a place where the latter did not see him; he stood in the dark to see the man, and the woman, by the light of the latter's fire, without the latter's seeing him; تَنَوُّرٌ being like تَضَوُّؤٌ. (TA.) A4: See also 8.8 انتار, (Th, T, S, M, K,) imp. إِنْتَرْ; (T;) and إِنْتَوَرَ, (T, K,) imp. إِنْتَوِرْ; (T;) and ↓ تنوّر; (S, M, A, Mgh, Msb, K;) or only انتار and انتور; not تنوّر; (T;) or some say انتار; [implying that most say تنوّر;] (S;) He smeared himself with نُورَة [which is differently explained in the lexicons, so that these verbs are made to bear different meanings by different lexicons]. (Th, T, S, M, A, Mgh, Msb, K.) 10 إِسْتَنْوَرَ see 4, first signification.

A2: استنار بِهِ He sought the aid of its light: (TA:) or of its rays. (M, K.) نَارٌ a word of which the meaning is well known; (M, K;) [Fire; not well explained as signifying] the flaming, or blazing, (لَهِيب,) that is apparent to the sense: (TA:) its ا is originally نُوَيْرَةٌ: (S, TA:) it is fem.: (S, M, Msb:) and sometimes masc.: (AHn, M, K:) and the dim. is أَنْوَارٌ, with و because it is the original medial radical, (S,) and with ة because نار is fem.: (Msb:) pl. [of pauc.] أَنْوُرٌ, (S, M, L,) in the K أَنْوَارٌ, [which is a mistake, though this is also said to be a pl. of نار,] (TA,) and [of mult.] نِيرَانٌ [which is the most common form] (S, M, K) and نُورٌ (AAF, S, M, Msb, K) and نِيَرَةٌ and نِيَارٌ, (M, K,) and أَنْيَارٌ also occurs, in the phrase نَارُ الأَنْيَارِ, in a trad. respecting the prison of hell; this phrase, if correctly related, perhaps meaning نَارُ النِّيِرَانِ, and انيار being originally أَنْوَار. (IAth.) النَّارُ is also applied to The fire of hell. (TA:) The Arabs say, in cursing their enemies, أَبْعَدَ اللّٰهُ دَارَهُمْ وَأَوْقَدَ نَارًا أَثَرَهُمْ [May God make their abode distant, and kindle a fire after them!] And it was a custom of Arab women, as related by IAar, on the authority of El-'Okeyleeyeh, when they feared evil from a man, and he removed from them, to kindle a fire behind him, with the view of causing his evil to depart with him. (T.) b2: نَارُ الْمُهَوِّلِ A fire which the Arabs used to kindle, in the time of ignorance, on the occasion of entering into a confederacy: they threw into it some salt, which crackled (يُفَقِّعُ) when the fire burned it: with this they frightened [one another] in confirmation of the swearing. (T.) b3: نَارُ الحُبَاحِبِ has been explained in art. حب. b4: نَارٌ also signifies simply Heat. (TA.) b5: Also, (tropical:) [The fire, meaning] the evil, and excitement, or rage, or war; as also ↓ نَائِرَةٌ. (TA.) Yousay, أَوْقَدَ نَارَ الحَرْبِ (tropical:) [He kindled the fire of war]. (A.) b6: Also, (tropical:) Opinion; counsel; advice. (IAar, T, K.) So in the trad., لَا تَسْتَضِيؤُوا بِنَارِ المُشْرِكِينَ, (T,) or بنار أَهْلِ الشِّرْكِ, (K,) (tropical:) [Seek ye not to enlighten yourselves by the counsel of the polytheists; i. e.,] seek ye not counsel of the polytheists. (IAar, T, A. *) b7: Also, (tropical:) Any brand, or mark, made with a hot iron, upon a camel; (As, T, S, M, A, K;) as also ↓ نُورَةٌ (M, K) and ↓ نُورٌ: (TA:) pl. as above: (M:) or the pl. is نِيَارٌ, and the pl. of the نار that burns is نِيرَانٌ. (IAar, Th, T.) The Arabs say, مَا نَارُ هٰذِهِ النَّاقَةِ (tropical:) What is the brand, or mark, of this she-camel, with which she is burned? (T, S, A. *) And they say, in a proverb, بِجَارُهَا نَارُهَا (T, S) Their origin is indicated by their mark with which they are burned. (T.) The Rájiz says, حَتَّى سَقَوْا آبَالَهُمْ بِالنَّارِ وَالنَّارُ قَدْ تَشْفِى مِنَ الأُوَارِ [Until, or so that, they watered their camels because of the brand that they bore: for the fire, or the brand, sometimes cures of the heat of thirst]: (T, S: *) he means, that, when they saw their marks with which they were burned, they left the water to them. (S. For another reading of this verse, see بِ.) See also نَجْرٌ.

نَوْرٌ Blossoms, or flowers, (M, Msb, K,) of a tree, and of a plant: (Msb:) or white blossoms or flowers; the yellow being called زَهْرٌ; (M, K;) for they become white, and then become yellow: (M:) and ↓ نَوْرَةٌ and ↓ نُوَّارٌ signify the same as نَوْرٌ: (M, K:) or [rather] نَوْرٌ and نُوَّارٌ signify the same; (S, Msb;) [but the former is often used as a generic n., signifying a kind of blossom or flower: though both are coll. gen. ns.;] and نَوْرَةٌ is the n. un. of نَوْرٌ, like as تَمْرَةٌ is of تَمْرٌ; (Msb;) and نُوَّارَةٌ is the n. un. of نُوَّارٌ: (S, M, L:) and the pl. of نَوْرٌ is أَنْوَارٌ. (M, Msb, K.) نُورٌ Light; syn. ضِيَآءٌ, (S,) or ضَوْءٌ; (M, A, Msb, K;) whatever it be; (M, A, K;) contr. of ظُلْمَةٌ: (Msb:) or the rays thereof: (M, A, K:) accord to Z, ضِيَآءٌ [with which ضَوْءٌ is syn.] is more intense than نُورٌ: in the Kur, x. 5, the sun is termed ضياء, and the moon نور: and it is said that ضياء is essential, but نور is accidental [light]: (TA:) it is of two kinds, the light of the present world and that of the world to come; and the former is either perceived sensibly, by the eye, and this is what diffuses itself from luminous bodies, as the sun and moon and stars, and is mentioned in the Kur, 10. 5, referred to above; or perceived by the eye of the intellect, and this is what diffuses itself of the divine lights, as the light of reason and the light of the Kur-án; of which divine light mention is made in the Kur, 5., former part of verse 15, and 24., latter part of verse 35; and both of these in common are spoken of in the Kur, 6. 1 and 39. 69: that of the world to come is mentioned in the Kur in lvii. 12 [and lxvi. 8]: (B:) the pl. is أَنْوَارٌ (S, M, Msb, K) and نِيرَانٌ; (M, K;) the latter mentioned by Th: (M:) and ↓ نَوْرَانيَّةٌ signifies the same as نُورٌ. (TA.) As نور is a convenience of the pious in the present world and the world to come, it is said in the Kur, [lvii. 13,] اُنْظُرُونَا نَقْتَبِسْ مِنْ نُورِكُمْ [Wait ye for us that we may take of your light]. (B.) [See also ظُلَمْةٌ.] b2: It is also applied to Mohammad: (T, M, K:) it is said by Aboo-Is-hak to be so applied in the Kur, v. 18. (T.) b3: And That which manifests things, (K, TA,) and shows to the eyes their true or real state: and therefore النُّور is applied in the Kur, vii.

156, to (tropical:) that [revelation] which the Prophet brought. (TA.) b4: النُّورُ is also one of the names of God; meaning, accord. to IAth, He by whose light the obscure in perception sees, and by whose guidance the erring is directed aright: or the Manifest, by whom is every manifestation. And أَللّٰهُ نُورُ السَّمٰوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ [in the Kur, xxiv. 35,] means God is the enlightener of the heavens and of the earth: like as فُلَانٌ غِيَاثُنَا means مُغِيثُنَا: (TA:) or, as some say, the right director of the inhabitants of the heavens and of the inhabitants of the earth. (T.) b5: See also نَارٌ, last signification.

نَوْرَةٌ: see نَوْرٌ.

نُورَةٌ: see نَارٌ, last signification.

A2: I. q. هِنَآءٌ [a word well known to mean Tar, or liquid pitch, or a kind thereof; but I do not know this signification as applying to نُورَةٌ, nor, app., did SM, for he has made it to be the same with that which here next follows, from the T]. (M, K:) or a kind of stone burned and made into كِلْس [or quick-lime] and used as a depilatory for the pubes: (T:) or lime-stone; syn. حَجَرُ الكِلْسِ: and by a secondary and predominant application, a mixture of quick lime (كلس) with arsenic, or orpiment, (زِرْنِيخ,) and other things, used for removing hair: (Msb:) [a depilatory composed of quick lime with a small proportion (about an eighth part) of orpiment: it is made into a paste with water, before application; and loosens the hair in about two minutes; after which it is immediately washed off: thus made in the present day:] some say that it is an Arabic word; and others, that it is arabicized. (Msb) See 8.

نَوْرَانِيَّةٌ: see نُورٌ.

نَيِّرٌ Giving light, shining, bright, or shining brightly; (A, Msb;) as also ↓ مُنِيرٌ and ↓ مُسْتَنِيرٌ (A) [and ↓ نَائِرٌ.] b2: Beautiful in colour, and bright; as also ↓ مُنِيرٌ and ↓ أَنْوَرُ: (TA:) or the last signifies [simply] beautiful; (K;) or conspicuous and beautiful. (TA.) It is said of Mohammad.

كَانَ أَنْوَرَ ↓ المُتَجَرَّدِ: He was beautiful and bright in the colour [of what was unclad] of his body. (TA.) نَوُورٌ, (S, Msb, and so in some copies of the K,) or نَؤُورٌ, (T, M, and so in some copies of the K,) or both, the former being the original form, (S, TA,) i. q. نِيلَجٌ [i. e. Indigo-pigment]; (S, K;) or نِيلَنْجٌ; [which appears from what follows to be the right reading, though both نيلج and نيلنج are used in the present day for the purpose described in explanations of نوور, to give a greenish colour to the marks made in tatooing;] (Msb;) i. e., (so accord. to the S and Msb; but in the K, and) the smoke [meaning the smokeblack] of fat, (IAar, T, S, M, Msb, K,) that adheres to the طَسْت, (IAar, T,) with which the punctures made in tatooing are dressed, (S, Msb,) or filled in, (M,) that they may become green; (S, Msb;) or with which the women of the Arabs of the time of ignorance tattooed themselves: (T:) i. q. غُنْجٌ [q v.]; (IAar, T:) or, accord. to to Lth, the smoke [or smoke-black] of the wick, used as a collyrium or for tatooing; but, [says Az,] I have not heard that the women of the Arabs used this as a collyrium in the time of ignorance nor in the time of El-Islám; their using it for tatooing, however, is mentioned in their poems: (T:) or lamp-black; the black pigment (نِقْس) prepared from the smoke of the lamp; used for tattooing. (Comm. on the Mo'allakát, printed at Calcutta, p. 143.) b2: Also, A kind of small stone, resembling إِثْمِد, which is bruised, or brayed, and then taken up, like as medicine is by the lip. (M.) [The same is found in the K, excepting that, in this latter lexicon, the explanation is less full, and اللِّثَةُ is substituted for الشَّفَةُ, the reading in the M.

نُوَّارٌ and نُوَّارَةٌ: see نَوْرٌ.

نَائِرٌ: see نَيِّرٌ. b2: (tropical:) Apparent or plainly apparent. conspicuous, manifest, or evident; as also ↓ مُنِيرٌ. (Thus the pl. fem. of each of these is explained in the TA.) b3: فِتْنَةٌ نَائِرَةٌ Sedition, or discord, or the like, happening and spreading. (Msb.) b4: And نَائِرَةٌ alone, Sedition, or discord, or the like: (Msb:) or sedition, or discord, or the like, happening: (TA:) and rancour, malevolence, or spite. (T:) enmity, or hostility, (T, S, A, Msb,) and violent hatred. (S, A, Msb.) See also نَارٌ.

You say, سَعَيْتُ فِى إِطْفَآءِ النَّائِرَةِ I laboured in stilling the sedition, or discord, or the like. (Msb.) And بَيْنَهُمْ نَائِرَةٌ Between them is enmity, or hatred, and violent hatred. (A, Msb.) A2: One who occasions evils among men. (T.) انْوَرُ: see نَيِّرٌ, in two places. b2: ذَا أَنْورُ مِنْ ذَاكَ [This is lighter, or brighter, than that], (TA.) تَنْوِيرٌ The time when the dawn shines, or becomes light. (T, Mgh.) You say, صَلَّى الفَجْرَ فِى التَّنْوِيرِ He performed the prayer of daybreak when the dawn shone, or became light. (Mgh.) See also 2.

مَنَارٌ [originally مَنْوَرٌ] A place of light; as also ↓ مَنَارَةٌ. (M. K.) b2: A sign, or mark, set up to show the way: (As, T, S, M, K:) and a thing that is put as a limit or boundary between two things; (M, K;) or between two lands, (As, T,) made of mud or clay or of earth: (As, TA:) pl. مَنَاثِرُ [respecting which see مَنَارَةٌ]. (A.) It is [also used as a coll. gen. n.; as, for instance, where it is] said, in a trad., لَعَنَ اللّٰهُ مَنْ غَيَّرَ مَنَارَ الأَرْضِ May God curse him who alters the marks of the limit between two lands: (T, TA:) or it may mean مَنَارَ الحَرَمِ the boundary-marks of the Haram [or sacred territory of Mekkeh], which [it is said] were set up by Abraham. (T, TA. *) And it is said in another trad, إِنَّ لِلْإِسْلَامِ صُوًى

وَمَنَارًا (tropical:) Verily there are to El-Islám signs and ordinances whereby it is known. (TA.) b3: See also صَوْمَعَةٌ. b4: The middle, or main part and middle, or part along which one travels, (مَحَجَّة,) of a road. (M, K.) مُنِيرٌ: see نَيِّرٌ, in two places. b2: See also نَائِرٌ.

مَنَارَةٌ, originally مَنْوَرَةٌ; (A, K;) see مَنَارٌ. b2: A stand for a lamp; a thing upon which a lamp is put: (T, S, M, A, K;) of the measure مَفْعَلَةٌ.

with fet-h (S, Msb) to the م; (S:) but by rule it should be with kesr, because it is an instrument (Msb.) Aboo-Dhu-eyb uses it, for the sake of metre, in the place of مِصْبَاح, in likening a bright spear-head, without rust, to a lamp. (M.) b3: Also, A candle having a سِرَاج [or lighted wick]. (T.) b4: [A pharos, or lighthouse.] b5: The mená reh [or turret of a mosque, whence the English term “ minaret,” so written in imitation of the Turkish pronunciation,] upon which the time of prayer is proclaimed; (S, Msb:) syn. مِئْذَنَةٌ, (K, TA,) vulgarly مَأَذَنَةٌ [which is the form given in the CK]. (TA.) b6: [Any pillar-like structure. (See زُرْنُوقٌ.) b7: The perch of a hawk, or falcon. (See مَرْبَأٌ.)] b8: The pl. is مَنَاوِرُ and مَنَائِرُ: he who uses the latter likens the radical letter to the augmentative; (S, Msb, K;) like as they say مَصَائِبُ, which is originally مَصَاوِبُ (S, Msb.) مُسْتَنِيرٌ: see نَيِّرٌ.

قرس

1 قَرَسَ, aor. ـِ (S, A, K,) inf, n. قَرْسٌ, (S,) It (cold) was, or became, intense, or vehement; (S, A, K;) as also قَرِسَ, aor. ـَ (S, K,) inf. n. قَرَسٌ. (S.) b2: It (water) became congealed, or frozen. (S, K.) b3: قرس, inf. n. قرس, [so in the TA, without any syll. signs,] He (a man) was, or became, cold. (TA.) [The verb and its inf. n. in this sense are probably the same as in the sense here next following.] b4: قُرِسَ, inf. n. قَرْسٌ; (TA;) or قَرِسَ, [inf. n. قَرَسٌ;] (JK;) He (a man smitten by cold) became unable to work (JK, TA) with his hands, (JK,) or with his hand, by reason of the intenseness of the cold, or, as in the L, by reason of cold in his extremities. (TA.) A2: قَرَسَ المَآءَ: see 4.

A3: قَرَسَ قَرِيسًا, (TA,) or ↓ قرّسهُ, (accord. to a copy of the A,) He made, or prepared, what is termed قريس, (A, * TA,) i. e., broth with flesh-meat. (A.) 2 قَرَّسَ see 4, in two places: A2: and see 1, last signification.4 اقرس العُوُد The branch, or twig, had its sap congealed in it. In the M, instead of جَمَسَ مَاؤُهُ فِيهِ, we find حَبَسَ فِيهِ مَاؤُهُ [which is probably a mistake of a copyist]. (TA.) A2: اقرسهُ البَرْدُ [The cold] made him cold; as also ↓ قرّسهُ, inf. n. تَقْرِيسٌ: (S, K:) [or,] accord. to some, by البرد is here meant sleep: (TA:) or the cold made him unable to work with his hand: (JK:) and اقرس البَرْدُ

أَصَابِعَهُ the cold made his fingers rigid, by chilness of the extremities, so that he was unable to work. (A, L.) b2: اقرس المَآءَ فِى الشَّنِّ He cooled the water in the old worn-out skin; (A'Obeyd, TA.) as also قيه ↓ قرّسهُ; (A'Obeyd, S, A;) and ↓ قَرَسَهُ فبه, inf. n. قَرْسٌ. (A'Obeyd, TA.) قَرْسٌ Intense, or vehement, cold; (S, A, K;) as also ↓ قَارِسٌ and ↓ قَرِيسٌ. (K.) You say, لَيْلَةٌ ذَاتُ فَرْسٍ A night of [intense] cold. (S.) b2: The densest and coldest hoar-frost or rime: (Lth, JK, K:) or the coldest and most copious hoarfrost or rime; as also ↓ قَرَسٌ. (M, TA.) b3: See also قَارِسٌ.

قَرَسٌ: see قَرْسٌ: b2: and قَارِسٌ.

قَرِيسٌ: see قَارِسٌ, in three places: b2: and قَرْسٌ.

A2: Broth with flesh-meat. (A.) A3: سَمَكٌ قَرِيسٌ Fish that is cooked, and for which a sauce (صِبَاغ) is then made, in which it is left until it becomes concreted: (S:) or cooked fish in which a sauce is made, wherein it is left until it becomes concreted, (K, * TA,) but neither congealed nor fluid; [being converted into a gelatinous substance;] as also قَرِيصٌ: the former is of the dial. of Keys. (TA.) قَارِسٌ Intense, or vehement, cold; as also ↓ قَرِيسٌ: you should not say قَارِصٌ. (S.) b2: See also قَرْسٌ. b3: In a state of congelation, or freezing; as also ↓ قَرِيسٌ; (S;) and ↓ قَرَسٌ: (IAar, ISk, S, K:) the first and second applied to water: (S:) the last, to anything; (IAar;) but this last was unknown to Abu-l-Gheyth. (S.) b4: Cold; chill; as also ↓ قَرِيسٌ, (TA,) and ↓ قَرْسٌ. (K.) You say يَوْمٌ قَارِسٌ [A cold day]. (A, TA.) And لَيْلَةٌ قَارِسَةٌ [A cold night]. (TA.)

رشق

1 رَشَقَهُ, (S, Msb,) or رَشَقَهُمْ, (M,) بِالسَّهْمِ, (M, Msb,) or بِالنَّبْلِ, (S, K,) وَغَيْرِهِ, (K,) aor. ـُ (S, M, Msb,) inf. n. رَشْقٌ; (S, M, Msb, K;) as also ↓ ارشقهُ (Msb) [or ارشقهم]; He shot, or shot at, him, or them, with the arrow, or with the arrows, and other things. (S, M, Msb, K.) It is said in a trad., لَهُوَ أَشَدُّ عَلَيْهِمْ مِنْ رَشْقِ النَّبْلِ [Verily it is harder upon them, or more severe or distressing to them, than the shooting of arrows at them]. (TA.) b2: And رَشَقَهُمْ بِنَظَرِهِ (assumed tropical:) He cast his look at them. (M.) b3: See also 4, in two places.

A2: رَشُقَ, (S, M, Msb, K,) inf. n. رَشَاقَةٌ, (S, M, Msb,) He (a man) was, or became, goodly, or beautiful, and slender, in stature, or person: (S, K:) or he (a boy) was, or became, just in proportion, (T, A,) and slender; (A;) and in like manner رَشُقَتْ is said of a girl: (T:) or he (a boy, M, or a person, Msb) was, or became, light, or active, (M, Msb,) in his work; (Msb;) and in like manner رَشْقَتْ is said of a girl. (M. [See also 5.]) 3 راشقهُ, (Moheet, K,) inf. n. مُرَاشَقَةٌ, (Moheet,) (assumed tropical:) He went, or ran, with him; or vied with him in going, or running; syn. سَايَرَهُ. (Moheet, K.) [And] رَاشَقَنِى مَقْصِدِى (tropical:) He vied with me (بَارَانِى) in going to the place to which I was repairing. (A, TA.) 4 ارشق He shot in one direction; (Zj, K; *) as also ↓ رَشَقَ. (Zj, O.) b2: See also 1. b3: (assumed tropical:) He looked sharply, or intently, or attentively: (S, K:) [and] أَرْشَقَتْ, inf. n. إِرْشَاقٌ, she looked sharply, &c.; said of a woman, and of a مَهَاة [or wild cow]. (M.) You say, أَرْشَقْتُ إِلَى القَوْمِ (assumed tropical:) [I looked sharply, &c., or] I raised, or cast, my eyes, and looked, at, or towards, the party, or company of men; (L;) and so القَوْمَ ↓ رَشَقْتُ. (JK.) And أَرْشَقَتِ الظَّبْيَةُ إِلَى مَأْرَبِهَا (assumed tropical:) The she-gazelle looked sharply, or intently, or attentively, at the object of her want. (A, TA.) As some say, (M,) ارشقت الظَّبْيَةُ signifies (tropical:) The she-gazelle extended, or stretched out, her neck. (S, M, K, TA.) A2: مَا أَرْشَقَهَا, said of a bow, (tropical:) How light, and swift in the flight of its arrow, is it (??) (K, TA.) 5 ترشٌّ فِى الأَمْرِ He was, or became, sharp in the affair. (M. [See also 1, last signification.]) رَشْقٌ: see the next paragraph, last sentence.

رِشْقٌ a subst. from 1 in the first of the senses explained above: (S, K:) [i. e. as signifying] A bout (شَوْطٌ) of the shooting of arrows; (T, M, TA;) when persons, competing in shooting, shoot all the arrows that they have with them and then return [to the butt]: (T, TA:) and a direction in which arrows are shot, (S, M, Msb, K,) when the people, all of them, shoot all the arrows: (Msb:) pl. أَرْشَاقٌ. (Msb, TA.) You say, رَمَيْنَا رِشْقًا; (S, K;) or رَمَوْا رِشْقًا, (Msb,) or رموا رِشْقًا وَاحِدًا and عَلَى رِشْقٍ وَاحِدٍ, (M,) We shot, all of us, [a bout,] in one direction; (S, K;) or they shot, (M, Msb,) all of them, (Msb,) [a bout,] in one direction, with all their arrows. (M, Msb.) And it is said in a trad. of Fudáleh, كَانَ يَخْرُجُ فَيَرْمِى الأَرْشَاقَ [He used to go forth, and shoot bouts]. (TA.) Accord. to IDrd, الرِّشْقُ signifies The arrows themselves that are shot. (Msb.) b2: Also The [stridulous] sound of the pen (Lth, M, Z, K) when one writes with it; (Lth, M;) and so ↓ رَشْقٌ. (Lth, M, Z, K.) رَشَقٌ: see the next paragraph but one, in two places.

رَشُوقٌ: see the next paragraph, in two places.

قَوْسٌ رَشِيقَةٌ (tropical:) A swift-shooting bow; (JK, A, K;) as also ↓ رَشُوقٌ (JK) and ↓ رَشَقٌ. (O, K.) b2: أَجَلٌ رَشِيقٌ and ↓ رَشُوقٌ (assumed tropical:) [A period] quick [in passing]. (JK.) b3: رَشِيقٌ applied to a boy, (T, TA,) or to a man, (S, K,) and ↓ مُرْشِقٌ, (JK,) and رَشِيقَةٌ applied to a girl, (T, TA,) Just in proportion, (JK, T, A,) and slender: (A, TA:) or goodly, or beautiful, and slender, in stature, or person: (S, K:) or رَشِيقٌ (M, Msb) and ↓ مُرْشِقٌ (M) signify a boy, (M,) or a person, (Msb,) light, or active, (M, Msb,) in his work; (Msb;) and in the same sense are applied to a girl: (M:) the pl. [or rather quasi-pl. n.] of رَشِيقٌ is ↓ رَشَقٌ, (K,) like as أَدَمٌ is of أَدِيمٌ, and أَفَقٌ of أَفِيقٌ. (TA.) رَاشِقٌ Shooting. (Har p. 37.) b2: سَهْمٌ رَاشِقٌ i. q. ذُو رَشْقٍ, i. e. ذُو رَمْىٍ [lit. An arrow having propulsion; meaning shot; the latter word being] of the class of [possessive epithets, such as] لَابِنٌ and تَامِرٌ. (Har p. 82.) جِيدٌ أَرْشَقٌ An erect neck. (M.) مُرْشِقٌ, applied to a woman, (JK, M,) and to a she-gazelle, (M,) or to a wild animal [of any kind], (JK,) Having her young one with her; (JK, M;) as though she were always watching it. (JK.) b2: [Also (assumed tropical:) Having a stretched out, or long, neck. Hence,] المُرْشِقَاتُ (assumed tropical:) [The long-necked ones] is used as meaning the gazelles: but is not applied to the [wild] oxen or cows, because of the shortness of their necks: these are called by Aboo-Du-ád بَنَاتُ عَمِّ المُرْشِقَاتِ [lit. the sons, or daughters, (for بَنَات applied to irrational animals is pl. of اِبْنٌ as well as of بِنْت,) of the paternal uncle of the long-necked ones, i. e., of the gazelles]: he says, وَلَقَدْ ذَعَرْتُ بَنَاتِ عَمِّ المُرْشِقَاتِ لَهَا بَصَابِصْ meaning [And verily I have frightened] the wild oxen or cows [having waggings of the tail]. (L.) b3: See also the paragraph commencing with قَوْسٌ رَشِيقَةٌ, in two places.

مِرْشَقَةٌ is explained by Golius, on the authority of Meyd, as signifying A ring used in shooting, by means of which the thumb, it being furnished therewith, more easily draws the tighter sort of bow-string.]

رمل

1 رَمَلَ as syn. with رَمَّلَ: see the latter in two places.

A2: رَمَلَ الحَصِيرَ, [aor. app. رَمُلَ, and inf. n. رَمْلٌ;] and ↓ ارملهُ; He wove (نَسَجَ, A 'Obeyd, T, or سَفَّ, A 'Obeyd, S) the mat [of palm-leaves or the like]. (T, S.) [Or] رَمَلَ السَّرِيرَ, and [so in the M, but in the K “ or ”] الحَصِيرَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. رَمْلٌ, He ornamented the couch, and the mat, with جَوْهَر [i. e. jewels, precious stones, gems, &c.], and the like. (M, K.) [Or] الحَصِيرَ ↓ ارمل, and رَمَلَهُ, He made the weaving of the mat thin (Har p. 55.) And رَمَلَ النَّسْجَ, (M, K,) aor. and inf. n. as above; (TA;) and ↓ ارملهُ, and ↓ رمّلهُ; (M, K; the last omitted in the TA;) He made the woven thing, or the weaving, thin. (M, K.) And رَمَلَ السَّرِيرَ, (S, K,) [aor. and] inf. n. as above; (TA;) and ↓ ارملهُ; He wove (رَمَلَ) شَرِيط [or palm leaves split and then plaited together], (S, O, K,) or some other thing, (S, O,) and made the same a back (جَعَلَهُ ظَهْرًا) to the couch. (S, O, K. [What is here called the “ back ” of the couch is app. so called as being likened to the back of a beast on which one rides: see رُمَالٌ.]) Accord. to IKt, رَمَلْتُ السير [app. a mistranscription for السَّرِيرَ] and ↓ أَرْمَلْتُهُ signify I wove the سير [or the سرير] with a شَرِيط of leaves, or fibres, of the palm-tree. (TA.) b2: [Hence,] رَمَلْتُ القَوْلَ and الوَصْفَ [(assumed tropical:) I wove, i. e. composed, the saying and the description]. (Phrases cited in the TA from two modern poets.) A3: رَمَلَ, (T, S, M, Mgh, Msb, K,) aor. ـُ (T, Mgh, Msb,) inf. n. رَمَلَانٌ (T, S, M, Mgh, Msb, K) and رَمَلٌ (S, M, &c.) and مَرْمَلٌ, (K,) said of a man, i. q. هَرْوَلَ [i. e. He went a kind of trotting pace, between a walk and a run]; (S, Mgh, Msb, K; [in the M said to be “ less than المَشْىُ and above العَدْوُ; ” app., as is remarked in the TT, through inadvertence of a writer;]) i. e. (TA) he was quick in his manner of walking, (T, TA,) and shook his shoulder-joints, (TA,) leaping, (so in the T accord. to the TT,) or not leaping, (so in the TA,) in doing so; (T, TA;) while performing the circuitings round the Kaabeh, (T, Mgh, TA,) but only in some of those circuitings, exclusively of others, (TA,) which one does in imitation of the Prophet and his Companions, who did thus in order that the people of Mekkeh might know that there was in them strength; (T, TA;) and in going between Es-Safà and El-Marweh. (S, TA.) [It is also said of a camel: see رَتَكَ.]

A4: رَمَلٌ as an inf. n. [app. of رَمِلَ العَامُ or رَمِلَتِ السَّنَةُ] signifies The year's having little rain. (KL.) b2: رَمِلَتْ مِنْ زَوْجِهَا: see 4.2 رمّلهُ, (M, TA,) inf. n. تَرْمِيلٌ, (TA,) He put رَمْل [i. e. sand] into it; namely, food; (M, TA;) and (TA) so ↓ رَمَلَهُ, (Ibn-'Abbád, K, TA,) aor. ـُ inf. n. رَمْلٌ; but the former verb is the more chaste. (TA.) Hence, in a trad. respecting [the eating of the flesh of] domestic asses, أَمَرَ أَنْ تُكْفَأَ القُدُورُ وَأَنْ يُرَمَّلَ اللَّحْمُ بِالتُّرَابِ, meaning [He ordered that the cooking-pots should be turned upside-down, and] that the flesh should be stirred about and mixed with dust, in order that no use might be made of it. (TA.) b2: And He defiled, or smeared, him, or it, with blood; (S, M, TA;) namely, a man, (S,) or a garment, and the like; (M, TA;) and (TA) so ↓ رَمَلَهُ; (K TA;) but in this sense also the former verb is the more chaste. (TA.) And رُمِّلَ فُلَانٌ بِالدَّمِ Such a one was defiled, or smeared, with blood. (T, TA. [See also 4 and 5.]) b3: In relation to speech, or language, (TA,) التَّرْمِيلُ signifies (tropical:) i. q. التَّزْيِيفُ; (K, TA; [in the CK, erroneously, التَّرْنِيفُ;]) i. e., [as inf. n. of رَمَّلَ, The adulterating it, corrupting it, or rendering it unsound, or untrue; and as inf. n. of رُمِّلَ,] its being [adulterated, corrupted, or] unsound, or untrue. (TA. [See the pass. part. n., below.]) b4: See also 1.

A2: and see 4.4 ارمل It (a place) became sandy; had رَمْل in it or upon it. (Msb.) b2: [And He clave to the sand.] b3: And [hence,] (assumed tropical:) He became poor: (Mgh:) or (assumed tropical:) his provisions, or travelling-provisions, became difficult to obtain, and he became poor: (Msb:) or his travelling-provisions went: (Mgh:) and أَرْمَلُوا (tropical:) their provisions, or travel-ling-provisions, became exhausted, or consumed: (A 'Obeyd, T, S, M, K, TA:) from الرَّمْلُ; (Mgh, TA;) as though [he or] they clave to the sand; (TA;) like أَدْقَعَ, (Mgh,) or أَدْقَعُوا, (TA,) from الدَّقْعَآءُ: (Mgh, TA:) or from رَمَلٌ meaning “ little rain: ” or from أَرْمَلَ الحَصِيرَ and رَمَلَهُ meaning “ he made the weaving of the mat thin: ” (Har p. 55:) and ارملوا زَادَهُمْ (tropical:) They exhausted, or consumed, their provisions, or travelling-provisions. (K, * TA. [In the TT, as from the M, اتخذوه is erroneously put for أَنْفَدُوهُ, the explanation in the TA.]) b4: And [hence,] ارملت, (Yz, T, S, Msb,) or, accord. to Sh, ارملت مِنْ زَوْجِهَا, or من زوجها ↓ رَمِلَتٌ; (T, accord. to different copies;) and ↓ رَمَّلَتْ [alone], (K, TA, [said in the latter to be on the authority of Sh, and therefore it may perhaps be taken from a copy of the T,]) inf. n. تَرْمِيلٌ; (TA;) (tropical:) She (a woman) became such as is termed أَرْمَلَةٌ, (T, Msb, K, TA,) i. e. without a husband; (T, Msb;) because of her being in need of one to expend upon her; [for] Az says that she is not thus called unless she be also poor: (Msb:) or [she became a widow;] she lost her husband by his death. (S.) b5: And ارمل said of an arrow, It became defiled, or smeared, with blood, (Ibn-'Abbád, K, TA,) and had the mark thereof remaining upon it; (Ibn-'Abbád, TA;) and so ↓ ارتمل. (TA. [See also 2 and 5.]) A2: Said of a poet, it is from الرَّمَلُ, like أَرْجَزَ from الرَّجَزُ; (TA;) i. e. He versified, or composed verses, in the metre termed الرَّمَلُ. (Ibn-Buzurj, L in art. قصد.) A3: As a trans. v.: see 1, in five places. b2: Also He lengthened, or made long, a rope, or cord: (K:) and in like manner, he lengthened, and widened; or made long, and wide; a shackle, or shackles: you say, ارمل لَهُ فِى قَيْدِهِ He lengthened, and widened, or made long, and made wide, for him his shackle, or shackles. (Ibn-'Abbád, TA.) 5 ترمّل He became defiled, or smeared, (T, S,) with his blood, (T,) or with blood; as also ↓ ارتمل. (S. [See also 2 and 4.]) 8 إِرْتَمَلَ see 4 and 5.

A2: You say also, ارتملت فُلَانَةُ فِى بَنِيهَا (assumed tropical:) Such a woman maintained, or undertook the maintenance of, her children, her husband having died. (O, TA. [But in both I find فى بيتها, an obvious mistranscription, for which I read فى بَنِيهَا; and in the explanation, in both, اقامت عليهم, for which I read قَامَتْ عَلَيْهِمْ.]) رَمْلٌ [Sand;] a kind of dust or earth, (M,) well known: (Lth, T, M, Msb, K:) ↓ رَمْلَةٌ is its n. un.; (M, K;) a more special term than the former; (S;) signifying a piece, or portion, [or tract, or collection,] thereof: (Lth, T, TA:) [and the former word is also sometimes used as meaning a tract, or collection, of sand:] the pl. [of mult.] is رَمَالٌ (Lth, T, S, M, Msb, K) and [of pauc.]

أَرْمُلٌ; (M, K;) [and أَرَمِلُ is used as a pl. pl., i. e. pl. of أَرْمُلٌ; occurring in a verse cited in the TA, art. هج.] b2: [Hence,] أُمُّ رِمَالٍ a name of The hyena. (ISk, S.) b3: [Hence also,] الرَّمْلُ, (TA in this art., [in the Lexicons of Golius and Freytag, erroneously, رَمَلٌ,]) or عِلْمُ الرَّمْلِ, i. q. عِلْمُ الخَطِّ, (IAar, TA in art. خط,) [Geomancy,] a certain well-known science. (TA in the present art. [See a description of it voce خَطَّ.]) رَمَلٌ Weak rain: (IAar, T:) or little rain: (Har p. 55:) or a small quantity of rain: (ElUmawee, T, S, M, K:) one says, أَصَابَهُمْ رَمَلٌ مِنْ مَطَرٍ A small quantity of rain fell upon them: (El-Umawee, T, M:) but Sh says, “I have not heard رَمَلٌ in this sense except on the authority of El-Umawee: ” (TA:) the pl. is أَرْمَالٌ. (T, S, M.) b2: [Hence, perhaps,] أَرْمَالٌ مِنْ إِبِلٍ A number of camels in a state of dispersion. (TA.) b3: Also, the sing., [as a coll. gen. n.,] Lines, or streaks, upon the legs of the wild cow, (S, M, K,) upon her fore legs and kind legs, (M,) differing from the rest of her colour: (S, M, K:) n. un.

↓ رَمَلَةٌ. (TA. [See also رُمْلَةٌ.]) b4: And A redundance, or an excess, (زِيَادَةٌ,) in a thing. (K.) A2: الرَّمَلُ is also the name of A certain kind of metre of verse; (T, S, M, K;) [the eighth kind;] the measure of which is [originally] composed of فَاعِلَاتُنْ (T, TA) six times; (TA;) so called from الرَّمَلُ signifying “ a certain kind of walk or pace,” inf. n. of رَمَلَ [q. v.]: (M, K: *) and Kh says that it is also applied to any meagre verse or poetry, incongruous in structure; such being so named by the Arabs without their defining anything respecting it; as, for instance, the saying [of 'Abeed Ibn-El-Abras (TA in arts. ذنب and قطب)], فَالقُطَبِيَّاتُ فَالذَّنُوبُ أَقْفَرَ مِنْ أَهْلِهِ مَلْحوبُ [Melhoob (the name of a place, K in art. لحب) has become destitute of its inhabitants, and El-Kutabeeyát, (by which is meant a certain water, called القُطَبِيَّةُ, with its environs, K* and TA in art. قطب,) and Edh-Dhanoob (the name of a place, TA in art. ذنب)]: he says also that, generally, the مَجْزُوْء [i. e. what is curtailed of two of the original feet, or what consists of two feet only,] is thus called by them: accord. to IJ, it is applied by them to verse, or poetry, that is incongruous, unsound, or faulty, in structure, and such as falls short of the original [standard so as not to answer completely to any regular kind or species]: (M, TA:) thus it signifies as first explained above, and also any verse, or poetry, that is not such as is termed قَصِيد [as meaning that of which the hemistichs are complete] nor such as is termed رَجَز [which some hold to be not verse, or poetry, but a kind of rhyming prose]. (IJ, M, K. *) [See also زَمَلٌ.]

رَمْلَةٌ: see رَمْلٌ, of which it is the n. un.

رُمْلَةٌ sing. of رُمَلٌ, which signifies The diversity of colours (وَشْىٌ) upon the legs of the wild bull: (T: [see also رَمَلٌ:]) or رُمْلَةٌ signifies a black line or streak, (IKh, M, IB, K,) as some say, (M,) such as is upon the back and thighs of the gazelle: (IKh, IB:) pl. [of mult.] رُمَلٌ and [of pauc.]

أَرْمَالٌ. (K.) رَمَلَةٌ: see رَمَلٌ.

رَمْلِىٌّ Of, or relating to, رَمْل (or sand): sandy.]

رُمَالٌ The woven work of a mat. (K, TA.) It is said in a trad., of the Prophet, that he was lying upon his side on the رمال of a mat, which had made an impression upon his side: (T, TA: *) or, as some relate it, of a couch; meaning, in this case, that its face was woven of palm-leaves, and that it had nothing spread upon it to lie upon, but the mat only. (TA. [See رَمَلَ السَّرِيرَ.]) رَمِيلَةٌ Land (أَرْض) rained upon with الرَّمَل, i. e. little rain. (Ibn-'Abbád, TA.) رَمَّالٌ A practiser of the science called الرَّمْلُ [i. e. geomancy]. (TA.) رَامِلَةٌ sing. of رَوَامِلُ, (TA,) which signifies Female weavers of mats. (T, TA.) أَرْمَلُ i. q. ↓ مُرْمِلٌ, meaning (assumed tropical:) A man whose provisions, or travelling-provisions, have become difficult to obtain, [or exhausted, or consumed, (see 4,)] and who has become poor: [as though he were cleaving to the sand: (see again 4:)] pl. أَرَامِلُ: (Msb:) or أَرْمَلُ is applied to a man, and ↓ أَرْمَلَةٌ to a woman, (M, K,) and the latter also to a pl. number, (M,) as meaning needy, needing, or in want: (M, K:) or as meaning [مِسْكِينٌ and]

مِسْكِينَةٌ [and مَسَاكِينُ, i. e. destitute, or indigent, &c.]: (K:) and the pl. is أَرَامِلُ and أَرَامِلَةٌ; (M, K;) after the manner of substs., because the quality of a subst. is predominant therein: (M:) ↓ أَرْمَلَةٌ is applied to any collective number of men and women, or men without women, or women without men, after they have become in need or want: (M:) [and] it is applied [also] to a man and to a woman as meaning poor so as to be unable to obtain anything: (T, and Mgh as from the T:) accord. to ISk, أَرَامِلُ is applied to a number of men and women, as meaning مَسَاكِينُ [expl. above]; (T, S, Mgh;) or so to a number of persons whether men or women; (Msb;) and to men though there be not among them women; (T, S, Mgh;) and so ↓ أَرْمَلَةٌ: (T, Mgh:) or this last, to a number of men and women needy, needing, or in want; (S;) and to men needy, needing, or in want, and weak, (S, K,) though there be not among them women. (S.) Ibn-Buzurj mentions the saying, إِنّ بَيْتَ فُلَانٍ لَضَخْمٌ مَا يُحْمِّلُونَهُ إِلَّا مَا اسْتَفْقَرُوا لَهُ ↓ وَإِنَّهُمْ لَأَرْمَلَةُ, meaning [Verily the household of such a one is large, and verily they are destitute of what camels they may load therewith except] what they borrow [for that purpose]; (T, * TA;) i. e., they are a party not possessing camels, and unable to make a journey except upon camels that they borrow; [استفقروا being] from أُفْقِــرَ ظَهْرَ بَعِيرِى signifying

“ he was lent the back of my camel. ” (TA.) See also أُرْمُولَةٌ. b2: ↓ أَرْمَلَةٌ is also applied to a woman as meaning Having no husband: (T, S, M, Msb, K:) or a widow; one whose husband has died: (IAmb, Mgh:) or not if she possesses competence, or wealth: (Ibn-Buzurj, T, Mgh, Msb, K:) it is applied to her who has no husband because she is in need of him who would expend upon her; (Msb;) or to her whose husband has died because her provision has gone and she has lost him who earned for her (IAmb, Mgh) and by means of whom her state of life had been good: (IAmb:) in like manner, also, أَرْمَلُ is applied to a man as meaning having no wife, (T, S, M, Mgh, Msb, K,) accord. to KT (T, Mgh) and Sh; (Mgh;) like as أَيِّمٌ is applied to a man [as well as to a woman], and أَيِّمَةٌ to a woman: (T:) or a widower; one whose wife has died: (TA:) or أَرْمَلُ is not applied in this sense except in cases of deviation from the usual course of speech, (IAmb, Mgh, Msb, [and the like is said in the Mgh also as on the authority of Lth, and in the M as on the authority of IJ,]) because the man's provision does not go in consequence of the death of his wife, since she is not his maintainer, (IAmb, Mgh, Msb,) whereas he is her maintainer: (IAmb:) Jereer says, كُلُّ الأَرَامِلِ قَدْ قَضَيْتَ حَاجَتَهَا فَمَنْ لِحَاجَةِ هٰذَا الأَرَمَلِ الذَّكَرِ (M, TA,) or هٰذِى الأَرَامِلُ الخ; (S, Mgh; [in the former ascribed in one of my copies to an unnamed poet, and in the other, to El-Hotei-ah; but in the Mgh, to Jereer, as in the M;]) [i. e. All the widows, or these widows, thou hast accomplished their want; but who is there for the want of this male widowed person]; meaning thereby himself. (M, TA.) It is said that, if one bequeath his property to the أَرَامِل, some of it is to the men whose wives have died: (Mgh:) IB says, on the authority of IKt, that when a man says, “This property is for the أَرَامِل,” it is for the men and the women, because الأَرَامِلُ applies to the males and the women; but he adds, IAmb says that it is to be given to the women exclusively of the men, because الارامل generally applied to the women. (TA. [This is cited in the TA as though relating to ارامل as meaning مَسَاكِين: but IAmb evidently uses it here as applying to women whose husbands have died; and this is its predominant meaning.]) b3: It is also applied to a [lizard of the kind called] ضَبّ, in the following saying of a rájiz, أُحبُّ أَنْ أَصْطَادَ ضَبًّا سَحْبَلَا رَعَى الرَّبِيعَ وَالشِّتَآءَ أَرْمَلَا (T, TA,) meaning [I love to hunt out, or catch, a large ضبّ, that has pastured during the autumn and the winter,] having no female, so that he may be fat. (TA.) b4: And one says also عَامٌ أَرْمَلُ (ISk, T, S, M, K) and سَنَةٌ رَمْلَآءُ (ISk, T, S, M) meaning (tropical:) A year of little rain (ISk, T, S, M, K, TA) and of little good or benefit. (T, M, K, TA.) A2: Also i. q. أَبْلَقُ [i. e. Black and white: or white in the kind legs as high as the thighs]: (AA, T:) or a sheep or goat of which all the legs are black: fem. رَمْلَآءُ: (A 'Obeyd, S:) or the latter is applied to a ewe as meaning of which the legs are black, the rest of her being white. (Az, T, M, K.) أَرْمَلَةٌ as fem. of أَرْمَلُ, and as an epithet applied to a pl. number of persons: see the next preceding paragraph in five places.

أُرْمُولَةٌ, as an epithet applied to a boy, or young man, (غُلَامٌ, Lth, T, Ibn-'Abbád, K,) i. q. ↓ أَرْمَلُ [as meaning Poor, needy, or the like]; (Ibn-'Abbád, K;) accord. to Lth, (T, TA,) i. q. زَارَهْ [i. e. abject] in Persian: (T, M, TA: [but in two copies of the T زَاذَهْ; and in the TT, as from the M, زَازَهْ:]) but Az says, I know not الأُرْمُولَةُ, nor the Persian rendering thereof. (T.) A2: Also The stump (جُذْمُور) of the [plant, or tree, called]

عَرْفَج: pl. أَرَامِلُ and أَرَامِيلُ: (K:) or أَرَامِلُ العَرفَجِ signifies the stocks, or stems, (أُصُول, [but this sometimes means stumps, as well as roots, &c.,]) of the عرفج. (M.) مُرْمَلٌ: see مَرْمُولٌ.

مُرْمِلٌ A man whose provisions, or travellingprovisions, are exhausted, or consumed. (A'Obeyd, T.) See also أَرْمَلُ, first sentence.

A2: See also المُرَمِّلُ.

مِرْمَلٌ A small قَيْد [i. e. shackle or pair of shackles]. (IAar, T, K.) طَعَامٌ مُرَمَّلٌ [Food, or wheat,] into which sand (الرَّمْل) has been thrown. (TT, as from the T.) And خَبِيصٌ مُرَمَّلٌ [A mess of dates and clarified butter mixed together] into which dust, or earth, and sand, have been put: (so in a copy of the T: [but this seems to be a mistake, occasioned by the omission of what here follows:]) [or] such as has been much stirred about and turned over (K, TA, and so in the TT, as from the T) [app. with coarse flour (see جَرِيشٌ)] so that it has complicated streaks. (TA, and so in the TT, as from the T.) b2: And كَلَامٌ مُرَمَّلٌ (tropical:) [Speech, or language, adulterated, corrupted, or] rendered unsound, or untrue: like طَعَامٌ مُرَمَّلٌ. (TA.) المُرَمِّلُ The lion; [app. because he smears his prey with blood;] as also ↓ المُرْمِلُ. (O, K.) مَرْمُولٌ A mat woven [of palm-leaves or the like (see 1)]; as also ↓ مُرْمَلٌ. (A 'Obeyd, T, TA.) يَرْمُولٌ Palm-leaves (خُوصٌ) woven together. (K, * TA.)