لوب

1 لَابَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. لَوْبٌ and لُوبٌ and لُؤُوبٌ and لُوَابٌ (S, K) and لُؤَابٌ (K) and لَوَبَانٌ (K, accord. to the TA) or لُوبَانٌ (S, CK) He thirsted; was thirsty; (S, K;) or he, thirsting, went round about the water, not reaching it: (K:) or he went round about the water, by reason of thirst. (ISk.) b2: لَوْبٌ signifies The camels' going round about the tank, or cistern, and not being able to get at the water, on account of the crowding, or pressing. (As, K.) 2 لوّبهُ He mixed it with the perfume called مَلَاب: or he smeared it therewith. (K.) 4 الاب His camels were thirsty: (K:) his camels went round about the water, by reason of thirst. (TA.) لُوبٌ and ↓ لَوَائِبُ Camels, or palm-trees, thirsty; far from water. (K.) You say, تَرَكْتُهَا عَلَى الحَوْضِ ↓ لَوَائِبَ I left them (the camels) going round about the tank, or cistern, unable to get at the water, on account of the crowding, or pressing. (As, S.) [لوائب is pl. of لَائِبَةٌ.]

b2: لُوبٌ A piece of meat that turns round in the cooking-pot. (K.) A2: لُوبٌ Bees: (K:) accord. to some, originally نُوبٌ. (MF.) In some copies of the K, نخل is erroneously put for نحل. (TA.) لَابَةٌ (tropical:) A number of black camels collected together: (K:) likened to the tract so called, covered with black stones. (TA.) [See مَفْتُونَةٌ.]

b2: See لُوبَةٌ.

لُوبَةٌ and ↓ لَابَةٌ A stony tract, of which the stones are black and worn: syn. حَرَّةٌ: (S, K:) لُوبَةٌ and نُوبَةٌ signify a tract of land covered, or strewed, with black stones; and hence a negro is called لُوبِىٌّ and نُوبِىٌّ, [and negroes collectively are called لُوبَةٌ and نُوبَةٌ: the former, however, are evidently the Lybians, the latter, the Nubians:] (A 'Obeyd, S or, as in the TA, A 'Obeydeh:) or a لوبة is a very black, rugged, lengthened tract of ground, only at, or by, [so فِى

seems here to signify] the projecting part of a mountain, or the lower and thinner, or finer, part of a sand-hill, or the foot (عرض) of a mountain: (Az:) or it may be a difficult ascent, or acclivity, up a mountain, rising to the greatest height: (ISh:) pl. of لوبة and لُوبٌ لابة and لَابٌ (S, K) and لَابَاتٌ: (S:) or لُوبٌ is pl. of لابة: [not, as implied above, of لوبة:] (Sb:) for a number from three to ten, the pl. used is لابات; and more than then are termed لاب and لوب: (TA:) [or these last two words are coll. gen. ns., of which لابة and لوبة are the ns. un.] b2: مَا بَيْنَ لَابَتَيْهَا مِثْلُ فُلَانٍ [Between its two tracts of black stones, there is not the like of such a one: i. e., within its (the city's) limits, there is not, &c.]: only said with reference to El-Medeeneh and El-Koofeh: (RA:) or said originally with reference to El-Medeeneh, and fig. with reference to any other city. (A.) b3: بَعِيدُ مَا بَيْنَ اللَّابَتَيْنِ, said by 'Áïsheh, describing her father, (tropical:) Freehearted; of ample endowments, app. as to wealth, or possessions, and as to mind, or disposition: syn. وَاسِعُ الصَّدْرِ وَاسِعُ العَطَنِ. (TA.) b4: لُوبَةٌ A people that is with another people, but of which advice or counsel is not asked [by the latter] with respect to anything, (K,) whether good or evil. (TA.) أَسْوَدُ لُوبِىٌّ (and نُوبِىٌّ, TA,) [Very black]: derived from لُوبَةٌ, as signifying “ a tract covered, or strewed, with black stones ”: (K:) or from اللُّوبُ as a syn. of النُّوبُ, meaning [“ the Nubians,” but see above] “ a certain race, or nation, of the negroes. ” (RA.) b2: لُوبىٌّ: see لُوبَةٌ.

لُوَابٌ i. q. لُعَابٌ; Slaver, or drivel: (K:) a chaste word, not formed by mispronunciation. (TA.) لُوبِيَآءُ (K) and لُوبِيَا and لُوبِيَاجٌ (TA) and لُوبَآءُ (K) [The dolichos lubia of Forskål; a species of kidney-bean]. Accord. to El-Khafájee and ElJawáleekee, not an Arabic word. (TA.) [In Persian, لُوبِيَا and لُوبِيَهْ and لُوبَا: in Greek, λόβος.]

لَائِبٌ Thirsting: [but see the verb:] pl. لُؤُوبٌ: like as شُهُودٌ is pl. of شَاهِدٌ. (S.) b2: لَائِبَةٌ: see لُوبٌ.

مَلَابٌ a Persian word, (TA,) A kind of perfume, (S, K,) like خَلُوق (S): or saffron. (IAar, K.) b2: مَلَابَةٌ A fascicle, or small bundle, of filaments of saffron; a shive of saffron. (IAar).

مُلِيبٌ A man whose camels are thirsty; or whose camels are going round about the water, by reason of thirst. (TA.) مُلَوَّبٌ A thing mixed with the perfume called مَلَاب: (TA:) a thing smeared therewith. (S.) b2: مُلَوَّبْ Twisted iron. (K.) Applied as an epithet to a coat of mail. (TA.)

عدم

1 عَدِمَهُ, with kesr to the د, (S, MA, Msb, K, &c.,) aor. ـَ (S,) inf. n. عَدَمٌ, (S, MA, Msb, K,) which is anomalous [as the verb is trans.], (S,) and عُدْمٌ, (S, MA, K,) or the latter is a simple subst., (Msb,) He had it not, was destitute of it, was without it, lacked it, wanted it, found it not, or lost it; (S, * MA, Msb, * K; *) syn. فَقَدَهُ, (S, Msb, K; *) or لَمْ يَجِدْهُ; so says Ibn-El-Kemál in the Exposition of the Hidáyeh. (TA.) And عَدِمْتُ فُلَانًا [I wanted, or lost, such a one]. (TA.) And عُدِمَ, [inf. n. عَدَمٌ,] It lacked, wanted, was wanting, was not found, did not exist, or was lost; syn. فُقِدَ. (AHát, Msb.) [See also عَدَمٌ below.] b2: لَا يَعْدَمُنِى هٰذَا الأَمْرُ means مَا يَعْدُونِى [i. e. This thing, or affair, does not pass from me]. (S, K, TA. [In the CK, erroneously, ما يُعْدِمُنِى.]) A2: عَدِمَ as intrans.: see the next paragraph, last sentence.

A3: عَدُمَ, (K, TA,) inf. n. عَدَامَةٌ, (TA,) He was, or became, foolish, or stupid; (K, TA;) being destitute of intellect, or understanding. (TA.) 4 اعدمهُ is syn. with أَفْقَــدَهُ [meaning He made him to lack, want, or lose, it, or him]: (AHát, Msb:) and has a second objective complement: one says, لَا أَعْدَمَنِى اللّٰهُ فَضْلَهُ [May God not make me to lack, want, or lose, his bounty]: (Msb:) or لَا أَعْدَمَنِى فَضْلَكَ May He (i. e. God) not make thy bounty to depart from me: and اعدمنى اللّٰهُ فُلَانًا [God made me to lack, want, or lose, such a one]. (TA.) b2: And He denied him, or refused him, (Az, MA, K, TA,) what he sought, (Az, TA,) or a thing. (MA.) b3: And He rendered him poor, needy, or destitute: (S, * K, * TA: [in the S, this meaning seems to be indicated by the context; but in the K, the context seems rather to indicate the first of the meanings expl. in this paragraph:]) in this sense, said of God. (S, K, TA) b4: أَعْدَمَنِى الشَّىْءُ means [app. The thing excited my want, or made me to want it; and hence, the thing was not found by me; or] I did not find the thing. (K.) b5: [and اعدمهُ signifies also He made it to have no existence; to be non-existent; or he annihilated it; or did away with it; agreeably with explanations of the inf. n. (إِعْدَامٌ) in the KL and PS &c., and with present usage.]

A2: اعدم as intrans., (Kr, S, Msb, K,) inf. n. إِعْدَامٌ and ↓ عُدْمٌ, (Kr, K, TA,) like إِيسَارٌ and يُسْرٌ as inf. ns. of أَيْسَرَ, and إِعْسَارٌ and عُسْرٌ as of أَعْسَرَ, and إِفْحَاشٌ and فُحْشٌ as of أَفْحَشَ, or rather the latter in every one of these instances is a simple subst., as ISd says, (TA,) signifies He (a man, S) was, or became, poor, needy, or destitute; (Kr, S, Msb, K;) as also ↓ عَدِمَ. (TA.) 7 انعدم in the phrase of the Muslim theologians وُجِدَ الشَّىْءُ فَانْعَدَمَ [meaning The thing existed, and became non-existent,] is a barbarism. (K, * TA.) عُدْمٌ: see the next paragraph.

عَدَمٌ and ↓ عُدْمٌ are inf. ns. of the trans. verb عَدِمَ, (S, M, K,) or the latter is a simple subst., (Msb,) and each signifies, as also ↓ عُدُمٌ, Lack, or want, as meaning non-possession; or loss; [of a thing, and of a quality, or faculty, &c.;] and by predominance of application, lack, &c., of property or wealth; (K, TA;) and departure thereof; and paucity thereof; (TA;) or poverty, neediness, or destitution. (S in explanation of the first and second; respecting the latter of which, see 4, last sentence.) [Also Non-performance of an act; and non-observance of a duty &c. and Lack, or want, as meaning non-existence; and absence; or the state of being lost.]

عَدِمٌ: see عَدِيمٌ.

عُدُمٌ: see عَدَمٌ.

أَرْضٌ عَدْمَآءُ Land such as is termed بَيْضَآءُ; (K, TA;) i. e., without, as though [meaning] lacking, plants, or herbage. (TA.) b2: And شَاةٌ عَدْمَآءُ A sheep, or goat, of which the head is white and the rest differing therefrom. (K.) عَدَامٌ: see عَدَائِمُ.

عَدِيمٌ Not having, being without, lacking, wanting, not finding, or having lost: one says, هُوَ عَدِيمُ النَّظِيرِ He is one not having, without, lacking, &c., the likes [or like]; and عَدِيمُ المَعْرُوفِ [destitute of goodness, gentleness, beneficence, &c.]: and هِىَ عَدِيمَةُ المَعْرُوفِ [She is destitute of goodness, &c.]. (TA.) b2: And Poor, needy, or destitute; (S, Msb, K;) as also ↓ عَدِمٌ, (K,) and ↓ مُعْدِمٌ, (S,) and ↓ مَعْدُومٌ, (Msb, TA,) which last occurs in a trad. as meaning the poor who has become, by reason of the pressure of his want, as though himself were not existing, or lost: عَدِيمٌ signifies having no property; as also ↓ مُعْدِمٌ: and having nothing: it is of the measure فَعِيلٌ in the sense of the measure فَاعِلٌ: and its pl. is عُدَمَآءُ; erroneously said in the K to be pl. of عَدِمٌ. (TA.) b3: Also Stupid; foolish; (K, TA;) destitute of intellect, or understanding. (TA.) And Insane; demented. (IAar, Az, K, * TA.) عَدَائِمُ, (K, and so in copies of the S) or ↓ عَدَامٌ, (so accord. to other copies of the S,) A sort of fresh ripe dates found in El-Medeeneh, (S, K,) that are late [in ripening], (K,) or that come the last of fresh ripe dates. (S.) مُعْدِمٌ: see عَدِيمٌ, in two places.

مَعْدُومٌ [Lacking, wanting, not found, not existing, or lost: see عُدِمَ, of which it is the part. n.]. b2: يَكْسِبُ المَعْدُومَ means He is fortunate, or possessed of good fortune; [properly,] he attains what others are denied. (K.) It is said in a trad., إِنَّكَ لَتَكْسِبُ المَعْدُومَ وَتُطْعِمُ المَأْدُومَ. (M and TA in art. ادم: expl. voce أَدِيمٌ.) b3: See also عَدِيمٌ.

فوق

1 فَاقَهُمْ, (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K,) derived from فَوْق as signifying the contr. of تَحْت, Mgh.) aor. ـُ (S, O.) inf. n. فَوْقٌ (O, K) and فَوَاقٌ (K) and فَوْقَانٌ, (CK.) He (a man, S, (??) Msb) was, or became, above them, or (??) to them, or (??) (??) them, or (??) them, (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K,) namely, his (??), (S, O, Msb, K,) (??) others (Mgh) (??), or signify, or nobility. (S, O, K;) and (??) them; (Msb, TA:) and (??) argument (??) فُقْتُ فُلَانًا I became (??) (??) as though above him in station. (TA.) And فَاقَتِ الجَارِيَةُ بِالجَمَالِ The young woman ex(??) (??)]. (Msb.) It is said in a trad., حُبِّبَ إِلَىَّ الجَمَالُ حَتَّى مَا

أُحِبُّ أَنْ يَفُوفَنِى أَحَدٌ بِشِرَاكِ نَعْلٍ [Comeliness has been made lovely to me so that I love not that any (??) should (??) in the though of a sandal] (TA.) A2: فاق, (S, O, K,) aor. ـُ (O,) inf. n. فُوَاقٌ, (S, O, K,) said of a man, (S,) means that The wind rose from his chest; (S, O, K;) [i. e. he hiccoughed, or hickuped; a signification indicated by its being said that] فُوَاقٌ means the reiterating of an overpowering [or involuntary] sobbing sound: (Msb, TA:) and ↓ فُوَاقٌ [as a subst.] signifies also the wind [itself] that rises from the chest (S, O, K) of a man. (S, O) b2: And, accord. to Az, (Msb,) فاق, (Msb, TA,) aor. ـ) (Msb,) inf. n. فُوَاقٌ (Msb, TA) and فُؤُوقٌ, (TA.) He was affected, or taken with a p(??)ting, or breathing [shortly, or] uninterruptedly. (Msb, TA.) b3: And فاق بِنَفْسِهِ, (S, * O, K,) aor. ـُ (S, O,) inf. n. فُوُوقٌ [or فُؤُوقٌ (S, O, K) and فُوَاقٌ. (K,) said of a man, (S.) His spirit was about to pass forth: (S, O, K:) or he gave up his spirit. (S, * O, * K:) as also فاق [alone] aor. ـق (IAar, O and K in art. فيق:) or he died. (K;) or ↓ فُوَاقٌ [is app. held by some to be a simple subst., and] accord. to IAar signifies death itself: (TA:) or it signifies, (S, O, Msb,) (??) signifies also, (K.) an affection [i. e. a gasping, or show catching of the breath,] incident to a man at the point of death: (S, O, Msb, K:) and one says [of the man], فاق, aor. ـُ inf. n. فوق [app. فَوَقٌ]; the verb being of the class of طَلَبَ of which the inf. n. most commonly used is طَلَبَ; or, if the saying that the verb is of the (??) of طَلَبَ be not meant to indicate the form of its inf. n. as well as that of its aor. ـو may (??) mistranscription for فُؤُوقٌ or فُؤُوقٌ] (Msb.) A3: فاقت, (O, K,) aor. ـُ inf. n. فُوَاقٌ, (TA.) She (a camel) had in her udder the فِيقَة, or milk that had collected between two milkings. (O, K, TA;) and (K) so ↓ أَفَاقَتْ (S, O, K) or the latter verb signifies she (a camel) attained to the time for the being milked: and the inf. n. is إِفَاقَةٌ and (??) inf. n.] ↓ فُوَاقٌ: (IAar, TA:) or إِفَاقَةٌ (??) (??) the she-camel means her (??) back from the pasturing, and left (??) and (??) [her milk]. (ISb, TA:) and إِفَاقَةٌ الدِّرَّةِ signifies the returning of the milk. (??) Ibn-Kethweh, TA.) [See also فُوَاقٌ, below.]

A4: فَوْقٌ signifies A bending, or [thus in the TA is from the K, but in copies of the K “ and ” a breaking. (K, TA,) in the (??) (فِى الفَوقِ) (K,) or in one of the two (??) of the (??), (TA.) of an arrow: (K, TA:) or its verb said of an arrow, is فاق, aor. ـَ inf. n. فَاقٌ and فَوْقٌ, in which the و is then made movent with fet-h. [so that the word becomes فَوقٌ,] because this verb is of the class of فَعِلَ, aor. ـْ (K, TA.) or one says of an arrow فَوِقَ, [aor. ـْ inf. n. فَوَقٌ, meaning its notch broke: (Msb;) and ↓ انفاق said of an arrow signifies thus; (S, Msb;) (??) notch became much broken. (O, K, TA;) or became split, or cracked. (TA.) b2: And فُقْتُ السّهْم, (S, O, Msb, K,) inf. n. فَوْقٌ, (Msb,) I broke the notch of the arrow. (S, O, Msb, K.) And فاق الشَّىْءَ, aor. ـُ He broke the thing. (TA.) A5: فاق in the sense of افتاق [from فَاقَةٌ] is not allowable. (S, O.) 2 فوّقهُ, inf. n. تَفْوِيقٌ, He made him, or judged him, to excel, or to have excelled. (TA.) A2: فوّق الفَصِيلَ, (S, O, K,) inf. n. as above, said of the pastor, (TA,) He gave to the young unweaned camel to drink the quantities of milk that had collected in the udder between two milkings time after time. (S, O, K, TA. [See فُوَاقٌ.]) b2: and [hence] one says, ↓ فَوَّقَنِى الأَمَانِىَّ وَأَرْضَعَنِى أَفَاوِيقَ بِرِّهِ (tropical:) [He made me to obtain on repeated occasions the things wished for, and nourished me with the recurrent supplies of his bounty]. (TA.) And it is said in a trad. of 'Alee, إِنَّ بَنِى أُمَيَّةَ لَيُفَوِّقُونَنِى

تُرَاثَ مُحَمَّدٍ, meaning (assumed tropical:) [Verily the sons of Umeiyeh] give to me by little and little of the property [constituting the heritage of Mohammad]. (TA.) b3: See also 10.

A3: فوّق السَّهْمَ, (inf. n. as above, Msb,) He made to the arrow a فُوق [i. e. notch for the bow-string]. (S, O, Msb, K.) b2: And [hence,] فوّق المَرْأَةَ (assumed tropical:) He slit the vulva of the woman. (TA in art. سوس.) b3: See also the next paragraph, last sentence.4 إِفَاقَةٌ, (O, K, TA,) some say, (O, TA,) signifies A resting; (O, K, TA;) from ↓ فُوَاقٌ signifying a resting between two milkings; (O, TA;) which latter meaning, as well as the former, the K erroneously assigns to the former word. (TA.) b2: And أَفَاقَتْ said of a she-camel, signifies the same as فَاقَتْ expl. above: see 1, latter half, (O, K, TA.) b3: And [hence, perhaps,] افاق مِنْ مَرَضِهِ, (S, O, K, TA,) and مِنْ سُكْرِهِ, (S, O,) and مِنْ غَشْيَتِهِ, (O, TA,) inf. n. إِفَاقَهُ; (TA;) and ↓ استفاق; both signify the same; (S, O, K;) i. e. He returned to a healthy, or sound, state [of body and of mind, from his disease, and from his intoxication, and from his swoon, or fit of insensibility]: (O, K, TA:) or one says of the diseased, افاق and ↓ استفاق meaning he became convalescent; or recovered, but not completely, his health and strength: and the subst. [or quasi-inf. n.] is ↓ فُوَاقٌ: (TA:) and one says of the insane, or possessed, افاق, inf. n. إِفَاقَةٌ, meaning he recovered his intel-ligence; and of the intoxicated, likewise, افاق, originally افاق مِنْ سُكْرِهِ, like as one says اِسْتَيْقَظَ مِنْ نَوْمِهِ: (Msb:) [and it is said that] ↓ الاِسْتِفَاقَةُ as syn. with الإِفَاقَةُ is derived from فَوْق meaning the contr. of تَحْت, like as تَعَلَّى مِنْ مَرَضِهِ and تَمَاثَلَ are from العُلُوُّ and المُثُولُ: (Har p. 132:) but accord. to 'Alee Ibn-'Eesà, ↓ استفاق signifies he sought, or desired, الإِفَاقَة. (Ham p. 541.) b4: And [hence,] افاق الزَّمَانُ (tropical:) The time became abundant in herbage after barrenness or drought. (O, K, TA.) A2: أَفَقْــتُ السَّهْمَ, (inf. n. إِفَاقَةٌ, Msb,) I put the فُوق [or notch] of the arrow upon the bowstring, (S, O, Msb, * K,) to shoot with it; (S, O, Msb;) as also أَوْفَقْتُهُ: but أَفْوَقْتُهُ is extr., (S, O, K,) and should not be said, (S, O,) or, accord. to Yoo, one says أَفْوَقْتُهُ also: (O:) and, accord. to the A, السَّهْمَ ↓ فوّق signifies [in like manner] he put the bow-string into the notch of the arrow on the occasion of shooting. (TA.) 5 تفوّق عَلَى قَوْمِهِ He exalted himself above his people, or party. (O, * K, * TA.) A2: تفوّق said of a young unweaned camel, He drank [or sucked] the quantities of milk that had collected in the udder between two milkings time after time. (S, O, K.) b2: And تَفَوَّقَهَا He milked her, namely, a camel, drawing from her the quantities of milk that had collected in her udder time after time; (O, K;) as also ↓ استفاقها. (K. [But see this latter below.]) b3: Hence the trad. respecting Aboo-Moosà, that he was discoursing with Ma'ádh, of reciting the Kur-án, and said, أَمَّا أَنَا فَأَتَفَوَّقُهُ تَفَوُّقَ اللَّقُوحِ [As for me, I draw it forth in the manner of the drawing forth of the milk of the milch camel at the times when it has collected in her udder], meaning (tropical:) I do not recite my set portion at once, but piecemeal, in my night and my day. (S, O, TA.) b4: One says also تفوّق شَرَابَهُ i. e. (tropical:) He drank his wine, or beverage, part after part. (TA.) Sb has mentioned that يَتَجَرَّعَهُ and يَتَفَوَّقَهُ are said of that which is not a labouring to do a thing at once, but is an act after an act, performed in a leisurely manner. (O, TA.) 7 انفاق It (a thing) broke, or became broken; quasi-pass. of فَاقَ الشَّىْءَ meaning كَسَرَهُ. (TA.) b2: See also 1, near the end. b3: Said of a camel, He became lean, or emaciated: b4: and He perished, or died. (O, K.) 8 افتاق He was, or became, poor, or in want, or need: (S, O, Msb, K:) فَاقَ in this sense is not allowable. (S, O.) A2: And He died with much فُوَاق [which may here mean either hiccoughing (which often occurs at the close of a fatal fever &c.), or gasping, or short catching of the breath]. (O, K.) 10 إِسْتَفْوَقَ see 4, in four places.

A2: استفاقها: see 5.

[It signifies as there explained: or it signifies, or signifies also,] He delayed the milking her, namely, a camel, until her milk collected in her udder, or in order that it might collect; and so ↓ فوّقها, inf. n. تَفْوِيقٌ. (TA.) One says, اِسْتَفِقِ النَّاقَةَ Milk not thou the she-camel before the time. (O, * K.) b2: b3: And مَا يَسْتَفِيقُ مِنَ الشَّرَابِ He does not abstain [from drinking wine]: (O, K, TA:) or he does not drink it in the set time: or he does not appoint a time for drinking it, but drinks it always. (TA.) فَاقٌ A [large bowl such as is termed] جَفْنَة, filled with food. (Lth, T, O, K.) A2: And Cooked olive-oil. (O, K, TA.) So in the saying of Shemmákh, (O, TA, *) describing the hair of a woman, (TA,) قَامَتْ تُرِيكَ أَثِيثَ النَّبْتِ مُنْسَدِلًا مِثْلَ الأَسَاوِدِ قَدْ مُسِّحْنَ بِالقَافِ [She stood showing to thee hair abundant and luxuriant, or abundant and long, in respect of growth, let down, like the black serpents that have been anointed with cooked olive-oil]: or, as some say, meaning الأَنْفَاق, meaning fresh olive-oil [from إِنْفَاق, a Pers\. word signifying “ olive-oil ”]: or, as AA relates it, the poet said, قَدْ شُدِّخْنَ بِالفَاقِ [that have been crushed in the فاق]; and accord. to him the last word has the meaning here next following. (O, TA.) A3: And The desert; syn. صَحْرَآءُ: (O, K, TA:) so says AA: and on one occasion he says that الفاق means a certain land: (O: a meaning also mentioned in the K:) or a certain wide land. (TA.) A4: It is also expl. as signifying بَان [i. e. Oil of ben]: and also A comb: on the authority of Th: and it may have either of these meanings in the verse cited above. (TA.) A5: And accord. to the K, it signifies Tall, and incongruous in make; and so ↓ فُوقٌ and ↓ فُوقَةٌ and ↓ فِيقٌ and ↓ فُوَاقٌ and ↓ فُيَاقٌ: but these words are all correctly, in this [or a similar] sense with two káfs. (TA.) A6: Also, accord. to the K, A certain aquatic bird, long in the neck: but this, likewise, is correctly with two káfs. (TA.) فَوْق is the contr. of تَحْت; (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K;) [primarily signifying The location that is above, or over;] and is an adv. n. (Mgh, Msb, K) of place; (Mgh, Msb;) and a simple noun, indecl., [with dammeh for its termination, when the noun to which it should be prefixed is suppressed, and the meaning of this is intended to be understood, but not the word itself;] but when it is prefixed to another noun [which is either expressed or itself (and not merely its meaning) meant to be understood, and when the noun to which it should be prefixed is suppressed and neither this nor its meaning is meant to be understood,] it is declinable. (K. [For the words يَكُونُ اسْمًا وَظَرْفًا مَبْنِىٌّ, the reading of the K in the TA and CK, my MS. copy of the K (which I follow in this case) has يكون ظرفا واسما مبنيّا.]) One says, زَيْدٌ فَوْقَ السَّطْحِ [Zeyd is above, or rather upon, the house-top]. (Mgh, Msb.) And العِمَامَةُ فَوْقَ الرَّأْسِ [The turban is above, or upon, the head]. (Mgh.) And طَفَا فَوْقَ المَآءِ It floated upon the water. (S &c. in art. طفو.) Ks has mentioned the saying, أَفَوْقَ تَنَامُ أَمْ أَسْفَلَ [Dost thou, or wilt thou, sleep in the part that is above of the house &c., or in the part that is below? i. e., in the upper part, or in the lower part?] with fet-h, as suppressing the noun to which فوق is [meant to be understood as] prefixed. (TA.) Lth says that he who uses it as a صِفَة [by which (like other old writers) he means an adv. n. of place] should use the accus. case, as when one says, عَبْدُ اللّٰهِ فَوْقَ زَيْدٍ ['Abd-Allah is above Zeyd]: but if you make it simply a noun, you use the nom. case, and say, فَوْقُهُ رَأْسُهُ [His superior (meaning upper) part is his head]; for in this instance it is the head itself, and you make each to be governed in the nom. case by the other. (TA.) In the saying in the Kur [xvi. 28], فَخَرَّ عَلَيْهِمُ السَّقْفُ مِنْ فَوْقِهِمْ [and the roof fell on them from above them], the utility of the phrase من فوقهم is hardly apparent, because عليهم sometimes serves in its stead: but IJ says that من فوقهم may here have a useful office; for عَلَى is sometimes used in relation to deeds [or events] that are difficult, and deemed onerous; [for instance,] you say, قَدْ سِرْنَا عَشْرًا وَبَقِيَتْ عَلَيْنَا لَيْلَتَانِ [We have journeyed ten nights and the journeys two nights have remained as though incumbent on us]; &c.; so that if it were said فخرّ عليهم السقف without the adding من فوقهم, it might be supposed to be like the saying عَلَيْهِمْ دَارُهُمْ قَدْ خَرِبَتْ [Their abode had become in a state of ruin as a punishment upon them]; but when He [referring to God] says من فوقهم, that meaning which was supposable ceases to be so; and the meaning becomes this, that it [the roof] fell when they were beneath it. (TA.) إِذْ جَاؤُوكُمْ مِنْ فَوْقِكُمْ وَمِنْ أَسْفَلَ مِنْكُمْ [When they came to you from above you and from below you], in the Kur [xxxiii. 10], relates to Benoo-Kureydhah, who came to them from above them; and to Kureysh and Ghatafán, who came from the district of Mekkeh, from below them. (TA.) وَالَّذِينَ اتَّقُوا فَوْقَهُمْ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ, in the Kur [ii. 208], means (assumed tropical:) [But those who have been careful of their religious duties] shall be above them in station [on the day of resurrection]. (O.) And one says, [agreeably with what has been stated in the first sentence of this paragraph, أَخَذَهُ مِنْ فَوْقُ, and أَخَذَهُ مِنْ فَوْقٍ, [meaning (assumed tropical:) He overcame him, or overpowered him, and in like manner أَتَاهُ من فوق, as expl. in the Ham p. 128. i. e. قَهَرَهُ namely, his adversary; and so a hawk, his pr? or quarry. (M and K in an expl. of أَدَلَّ عَلَيْه, in art. دل.) And [in a similar manner] فَوْق is metaphorically used as denoting excess, (Mgh, Msb.) and excellence: (Msb:) thus one says, العَشَرَةُ فَوْقَ التِّسْعَةِ (Mgh, Msb) i. e. (tropical:) Ten is above nine; meaning ten exceeds nine: (Msb:) and هٰذَا فَوْقَ ذَاكَ (Mgh, Msb) i. e. (tropical:) [This is above, or superior to, that;] meaning this is more excellent than that; (Msb:) and hence, (Mgh, Msb,) in the Kur iii.

24], (S, O,) بَعُوضَةً فَمَا فَوْقَهَا i. e. (tropical:) [A gnat and] what exceeds it (Mgh, Msb) in smallness, or in largeness; (Mgh, Msb, K;) what is smaller than it, (AO, S, O,) or what is larger than it, by the latter being meant the fly [mentioned in the Kur xxii. 72] and the spider [mentioned in xxix. 40], (Fr, S, O,) and the phrase as expl. in the former sense being like the reply to him who says “ Such a one is small ” ذٰلِكَ وَفَوْقَ i. e. (assumed tropical:) And smaller than that: (AO, O:) hence also, in the Kur iii. 12], فَإِنْ كُنَّ نِسَآءً فَوْقَ اثْنَتَيْنِ (Mgh, Msb) i. e. (tropical:) [and if they are women,] exceeding two. (Msb.) فُوقٌ The part, of the arrow, which is the place of the bow-string; [i. e. the notch thereof;] (S, O, Msb, K;) as also ↓ فُوقَةٌ: (Msb, K;) the former is masc., and also, like the latter, fem. (IAmb, Msb:) and الفُوقَانِ signifies the (??) [or two cusps of the فُوق, between which is put the bow string]; (O, K;) thus these are termed by the tribe of Hudheyl; but a poet who has used the dual form is said by AO to has mead thereby a single فُوق: (O:) the pl. [of mult.] is فُوَقٌ and [of pauc.] أَفْوَاقٌ; (S, O, Msb, K;) or, accord. to ISk, these are pls. of فُوقَةٌ; (TA;) and قُفًا also is a pl., formed by transposition; [see an ex. in a verse cited voce عُرْقُوبٌ;] (K, TA;) one says فُقْوَةٌ and فُقًا [for فُوقَةٌ and فُوَقٌ]. (TA.) سَهْمٌ ذُو فُوقٍ means An arrow rendered complete by its having a فُوق: b2: and hence ذَا فُوقٍ occurring in a trad. [as meaning (assumed tropical:) A complete share; for سَهْمٌ signifies “ a share ” as well as “ an arrow ”]. (A'Obeyd, O.) And أَعْلَاهُمْ فُوقًا, meaning (tropical:) He, or they, of them, haring the largest share of religion, is a metaphorical phrase, from the فُوق of the arrow. (TA.) b3: And they say, أَقْبِلْ عَلَى فُوقِ نَبْلِكَ, [or, app., فُوَقِ نَبْلِكَ, for نَبْلٌ is a coll. n., meaning “ arrows,” or “ Arabian arrows,”] meaning (assumed tropical:) Betake thyself to thy affair, and that which concerns thee. (TA.) b4: And رَمَيْنَا فُوقًا, (O, K,) or فُوقًا وَاحِدًا, (TA,) meaning رِشْقًا [i. e. (tropical:) We shot in one direction; or we shot one bout, in one direction], (O, K, TA.) b5: [Hence, app.,] one says, كان فُلَانٌ لِأَوَّلِ فُوقِ, meaning (tropical:) Such a one (??) [for the first discharge from the bow, i. e.,] the first shot and dying. (A, TA.) b6: And [hence, perhaps.] فُوقٌ signifies also (tropical:) A mode, or manner, of speech: (A, O, K:) pl. فُوَقٌ. (TA) One says to a man when he enters upon a mode, or manner, of speech, خَذْ فِى فُوقِ أَحْسَنَ مِنْهُ (tropical:) [Enter upon a mode, or manner, of speech better than it]. (A, TA.) b7: And (tropical:) The first way (AA, O K, TA.) b8: Hence. app., [they say, (??) (tropical:) Return(??) (??) (??) (??) (??) meaning (assumed tropical:) [What is the case of my wife that she is choked by her spittle (??) Then, or afterward,] may it (her spittle) not return to its channel [i. e. her throat, the way whence it came (??) that she may be suffocated). (O.) b9: And one says (O, K) or a man when be l(??) gone away, (O,) مَا ارْتَدَّ عَلَى فُوقِهِ, meaning (assumed tropical:) He went away and he did not return [ to the place whence he departed] (O, K) b10: فُوقٌ also signifies, (O, K.) accord. to Ibn-'Abbád, (O, TA.) (assumed tropical:) The (??) of a woman: (O, K. TA) (??) As says that this is with ق [in the place of the ف]: (TA:) [it is, however, also said that] فُوقُ الرَّحِمِ signifies (tropical:) the rima of the vulva, by way of comparison [to the notch of the arrow]. (TA, in the supplement to this art.) b11: [And app(??) the ear see 1 (??) art حرم, when it is ment(??) in such (??) manner as seems to pre(??) its being a mistranscription for قَوف] b12: and (??) (مَفْرَج, O. TA, (??) the (??) مَخْرَج, TA, (??) (??) (??) say, O) the extremity of the tongue. (O, K, TA.) b13: And (assumed tropical:) The uppermost part of the penis, (En-Nadr, O, K, TA,) or of the glans thereof. (TA.) A2: And, accord. to the K, A certain bird; mean ing a certain aquatic bird: but this is correctly [قُوقٌ,] with two káfs. (TA.) b2: See also فَاقٌ, last sentence but one.

فِيقٌ [originally فِوْقٌ]: see فِيقَةٌ.

A2: Also, as mentioned in this art and in art. فيق, in the K: see فَاقٌ, last sentence but one.

فَيَقٌ and فِيَقٌ: see مُفِيقٌ.

فَاقَةٌ Poverty, (S, O, K,) want, or need. (S, O, Msb, K.) One says, هُوَ ذُو فَاقَةٍ He is one who is in [poverty or] want or need. (Msb.) (See 8.] It has no (unaugmented] verb. (TA.) فُوقَةٌ: see فُوقٌ, first sentence.

A2: And see also فَاقٌ, last sentence but one.

فَوَقَةٌ: see فَائِقٌ [of which, as a part. n., it is a pl.].

فَيْقَةٌ: see what next follows.

فِيقَةٌ, (S, O, &c.,) originally فِوْقَةٌ, (TA,) the و having become ى because of the kesreh before it, (S, O, TA,) The milk that collects (S, O, K) (??) the udder (K) between two milkings: (S, O, K:) and سراج [or this is a mistake for اِبْن السَّرَّاج] has mentioned النَّاقَةِ ↓ فَيْقَةٌ, with fet-h: but ISd says, “ I know not how that is: ” (TA:) pl. ↓ فِيقٌ (S, O, K.) [or rather this is a coll. gen. n. and فَاقَةٌ is its n. un.,] and فِيقٌ (IB. K) and فيقَاتٌ (K.) and أَفْوَاقٌ, [a pl. of pauc.,] (S, O, K.) or (??) be pl. of the pl. فِيَقٌ. (IB. TA.) and أَفَاوِيقَ, (S. O, K,) which is a pi pl. (O, K) [or pl of أَفْوَاقٌ]. [See also عُرَاكَةٌ.] b2: See also above, (??)]. 2, an ex. of أَفَاوِيق in a tropical sense. b3: أَفَاوِيقُ also signifies (tropical:) The water that has collected in the clouds and then falls in rain. (S, O, K, TA ?

time after time. (S, K. TA.) b4: Also, i. e. أَفَاوِيقُ, (tropical:) The greater part of the night: (Lh, O, K, TA) so in the saying, خَرَجنَا بَعْدَ أَفَاوِيقَ مِنَ اللَّيْلِ (??) went forth] after the greater part of the night had passed: (Lh, (??):) or, accord. to Th, after pertions (أَقْطَاع) of the night. (TA.) b5: فِيقَةُ الصُّحَى means (tropical:) The period of the [early portion of the forenoon called the] ضحى when the sun has become high: (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K, TA:) or, accord. to Z, the first part of the ضحى. (TA.) فَوْقَانِىٌّ [Of, or relating to, the location that is above, or over; superior; upper;] rel. n. of فَوْق, like as تَحْتَانِىٌّ is of تَحْت: ا and ن being very often added in the rel. n. (TA. in art. تحت.) b2: And [hence, but more commonly فَوْقَانِيَّةٌ,] A gar ment worn by a man over that which (??) the body; [an upper-coat; generally long, reaching to the heels, ample in width, and with long sleeves: it seems to have been formerly peculiar to men of the learned professions:] of the dia(??) Mekkeh: posts-classical. TA [See Dezy's Dict. des Noms des Vétements (??)hea les Aral(??) p. 343].

فَوَاقٌ The returning supply of milk after sucking or milking. (TA.) b2: See also the next paragraph, in three places.

فُوَاقٌ: see 1, former half, in two places: A2: and see 1 again, latter half: b2: and 4, in two places. b3: Also (tropical:) The time between two milkings; (S, O, Msb, K;) for the she-camel was milked, and then left a little while for her young one to suck her in order that she might yield her milk copiously, after which she was milked again; (S, O;) and likewise the time between two suckings; (Ksh in xxxviii. 14;) and ↓ فَوَاقٌ signifies the same; (S, O, Msb, K:) or, (Msb, TA,) accord. to IF, (Msb,) the فواق of the she-camel is the retuning of the milk into the udder after the milking: (Msb, TA:) or فُوَاقٌ signifies the time between the opening of one's hand and the grasping with it the udder (K, TA) of the camel: or when the milker grasps the udder and then lets it go, in milking: (TA:) the pl. is أَفْوِقَةٌ and آفِقَةٌ; (O, K;) and Fr says that فواق has for its pl. أَفِيقَةٌ, originally أَفْوِقَةٌ, the kesreh of the و being transferred to the ف, and the و being then changed into ى because of the kesreh before it; and أَفْوِقَةٌ has for its pl. أَفْوِقَاتٌ. (TA.) One says, مَا أَقَامَ عِنْدَهُ إِلَّا فُوَاقًا (tropical:) [He did not remain at his abode save as long as the time between two milkings]. (S, O, TA.) And it is said in a trad., العِيَادَةُ قَدْرُ فُوَاقِ النَّاقَةِ (assumed tropical:) [The period of the visiting of a sick person is the space of time between the two milkings of the she-camel]. (S.) And in a trad. of 'Alee occurs the saying, قَالَ لَهُ الأَسِيرُ أَنْظِرْنِى فُوَاقَ نَاقَةٍ i. e. (assumed tropical:) [The captive said to him,] Grant thou me a delay, or respite, as long as the time between two milkings [of a she-camel]. (TA.) مَا لَهَا مِنْ

↓ فَوَاقٍ and فُوَاقٍ in the Kur [xxxviii. 14], accord. to different readings, (S,) the latter the reading of the Koofees except 'Ásim, and the former that of the rest, (O,) means (assumed tropical:) [There shall not appertain to it] any postponement, or delay, and resting: (S:) or, accord. to AO, the latter is the meaning of the former reading; and the latter reading means, any waiting, or expecting: (TA:) or [both mean] any pausing as much as the time between two milkings, (Ksh, Bd,) or two suckings: (Ksh:) or any returning, and repeating; (I'Ab, Ksh, Bd;) from أَفَاقَ “ he (a sick man) returned to a healthy, or sound, state ”; and the فواق of the she-camel, when the supply of milk returns to her udder; (Ksh;) or because in it [i. e. the فواق] the milk returns to the udder; (Bd;) i. e. the blast [to which the words refer] shall be one only; it shall not be repeated. (Ksh.) The saying (Mgh, O, TA) of the Prophet, (O,) related in a trad., (O, TA,) قَسَمَ غَنَائِمَ خَيْبَرَ عَنْ فُوَاقٍ, (Mgh,) or قَسَمَ

↓ الغَنَائِمَ يَوْمَ بَدْرٍ عَنْ فَوَاقٍ (O, TA) and فُوَاقٍ, (TA,) means (assumed tropical:) He divided the spoils [of Kheyber, or on the day of Bedr,] in the space of the rest between two milkings of a she-camel: (TA:) or quickly; (Mgh, O;) عن فواق meaning صَادِرًا عَنْ سُرْعَةٍ [i. e. قَسْمًا صَادِرًا عَنْ سُرْعَةٍ with a dividing proceeding from quickness]: (Mgh, O: *) or, as some say, the meaning is, making some of them [i. e. of those who composed his army] to be more highly distinguished (↓ أَفْوَق) than others (O, TA *) in the proportion of their spoils and of the trial undergone by them. (TA.) A3: See also فَاقٌ, last sentence but one.

فُيَاقٌ, mentioned in this art. in the K: see فَاقٌ, last sentence but one.

فَائِقٌ Superior, excellent, or surpassing: (Mgh, Msb: *) anything excellent, or choice, (O, K, TA,) and pure, in its kind. (TA.) You say, هُوَ فَائِقٌ فِى العِلْمِ [He is superior, excellent, or surpassing, in knowledge], and فِى الفِنَى [in wealth, &c.]. (Mgh.) And جَارِيَةٌ فَائِقَةٌ [A young woman excelling in beauty, or comeliness]. (Msb.) and فَوَقَةٌ [an irreg. pl. of فَائِقٌ, like as خَوَنَةٌ is of خَائِنٌ, for by rule these pls. should be فَاقَةٌ and خَانَةٌ,] signifies Elegant scholars, and orators. (IAar, O, K.) A2: Also The place of junction of the neck with the head: (S, O, K:) therefore when this is high, the neck is long. (S, O.) أَفْوَقُ: see فُوَاقٌ, last sentence but one.

A2: Also An arrow of which the فُوق [or notch] is broken: (S, O, Msb, K, TA:) [and] an arrow having no فُوق: (L voce أَقَذُّ:) pl. فُوَقٌ [perhaps a mistranscription for the regular form of pl., i. e. فُوْقٌ; or it may be that the و is with fet-h to distinguish it from فُوقٌ signifying “ a notch ” of an arrow]: but IAar explains this as signifying arrows of which the heads have fallen. (TA.) One says, رَجَعَ فُلَانٌ بِأَفْوَقَ نَاصَلٍ (assumed tropical:) Such a one returned with an arrow having a broken notch and without a head upon it; meaning, with an incomplete share of good fortune: (S, O:) or, disappointed of attaining what he desired, or sought: a proverb. (TA.) And رَدَدْتُهُ بِأَفْوَقَ نَاصِلٍ (assumed tropical:) [I turned him back, or away, with a paltry benefit; or] I made his share of good fortune to be little, or incomplete. (TA.) And مَا بَلِلْتُ مِنْ فُلَانٍ بِأَفْوَقَ نَاصِلٍ, expl. in the first paragraph of art. بل. b2: مَحَالَةٌ فَوْقَآءُ [A large sheave of a pulley] of which every سِنّ [or tooth, perhaps meaning cog, though I do not remember to have met with any description of a cogged محالة,] has two cusps (فُوقَانِ), (O, K,) like the فوقان [of the notch] of the arrow. (O.) [The strangeness of this explanation induces me to think that فَوْقَآءُ is here a mistranscription for فَوْهَآءُ, (see مَحَالَةٌ فَوْهَآءُ, in art. فوه,) and that the explanation is partly conjectural.] b3: And كَمَرَةٌ فَوْقَآءُ A glans of a penis whereof the extremity is tapering in form, (O, K,) like that which is termed حَوْقَآءُ. (O.) مُفِيقٌ and مُفِيقَةٌ A she-camel having in her udder the milk that had collected between two milkings: (AA, S, O, K:) pl. مَفَاوِيقُ (S, O, K) and مَفَاوِقُ, (Akh, TA,) and ↓ فُيُقٌ also is pl. of مُفِيقٌ signifying as expl. above, mentioned by AA in the third vol. of his “ Nawádir,” and said by IB to be, accord. to analogy, pl. of فُوُوقٌ, and to be originally فُوُقٌ; but accord. to one relation of a verse in which it occurs, it is ↓ فِيَق, which is more agreeable with analogy. (TA.) A2: And the former, applied to a poet, is syn. with مُفْلِقٌ [i. e. One who poetizes admirably, or wonderfully.]. (Aboo-Turáb, K. [But its verb is mentioned in the O and K in art. فيق.]) مُفَوَّقٌ (tropical:) Food, and beverage, that is taken by little and little. (IAar, O, K, TA. [See its verb.]) A2: Applied to an arrow, [Having a notch made for the bow-string. (See 2.) b2: And] Having the bow-string put into its notch on the occasion of shooting: [see 4, last sentence:] b3: whence the saying, لَا زِلْتَ الخَيْرِ مُوَفَّقًا وَسَهْمُكَ فِى الكَرَمِ مُفَوَّقًا (assumed tropical:) [Mayest thou not cease to be rightly disposed in beneficence, and thine arrow made ready with the bow-string put into its notch in generosity]. (A, TA.) مُسْتَفِيقٌ A man who sleeps much: (O, K, TA:) mentioned by IAar; but this is strange.

عمد

1 عَمَدَهُ, (S, A, O, L, Msb, K,) aor. ـِ (L,) inf. n. عَمْدٌ; (L, Msb;) and ↓ اعمدهُ; (Msb, K;) He stayed it, propped it up, or supported it; (S, A, O, L, Msb, K;) namely, a wall, (A, L, Msb,) or other thing; (S, O, L;) i. q. دَعَمَهُ: (A, L, Msb:) or ↓ اعمده, [and app. sometimes عَمَدَهُ, (see مَعْمُودٌ,) and in a similar manner ↓ عمّدهُ is expl. by Golius, as on the authority of J, whom I do not find to have anywhere mentioned it, but it is probably correct, (see its pass. part. n. in this art.,)] he placed beneath it columns, pillars, or props. (S, O. [See عَمُودٌ, &c.]) b2: And عَمَدَهُ, (L, K,) aor. ـِ (L,) or ـُ (TA,) inf. n. عَمْدٌ, (L,) He struck him, or beat him, with an [iron weapon such as is called] عَمُود. (O, L, K.) b3: And He struck him, or beat him, upon the part called عَمُودُ البَطْن. (O, L, K.) A2: عَمَدَ لَهُ, (S, A, O, L, Msb,) and عَمَدَ إِلَيْهِ, (L, Msb,) and عَمَدَهُ, (L, K,) aor. ـِ [or عَمِدَ and عَمُدَ, (Har p. 299,)] inf. n. عَمْدٌ (S, O, L, Msb) and عَمَدٌ and عِمَادٌ and عُمْدَةٌ (Mtr, TA) and عُمُودٌ (Nawádir el-Aaráb, TA) and مَعْمَدٌ; (Ibn-'Arafeh, TA;) and ↓ تعمّدهُ, (L, Msb, K,) and لَهُ ↓ تعمّد; (S, L;) and ↓ اعتمدهُ; (L, TA;) He intended it, or purposed it; did it intentionally, or purposely; the inf. n. signifying the contr. of خَطَأٌ: (Az, S, L, TA:) he directed himself, or his course or aim, to it, or towards it; made for it, or towards it; made it his object; aimed at it; sought, or endeavoured, after it; or tended, repaired, or betook himself, to it, or towards it; syn. قَصَدَهُ; (L, K;) or قَصَدَ لَهُ, (S, A, O,) or إِلَيْهِ. (Msb.) You say, الأَمْرَ ↓ اعتمد He intended, or purposed, the affair; or aimed at it; &c.; syn. صَمَدَهُ; (A in art. صمد;) or صَمَدَ صَمْدَهُ, i. e. قَصَدَ قَصْدَهُ. (M in that art.) And ذَنْبًا ↓ تعمّد He committed a sin, or the like, intentionally. (TA in art. خطأ.) And تعمّد ↓ صَيْدًا [He aimed at an object of the chase]. (Sgh, in Msb.) And عَمَدَ لِرَأْسِهِ بِالعَصَا He aimed at his head with the staff, or stick. (M in art. صمد.) And عَمَدَهُ, [and عَمَدَ إِلَيْهِ,] aor. ـِ and ↓ اعتمدهُ; and ↓ تعمّدهُ; He betook himself to him, or had recourse to him, in a case of need. (A.) b2: And [hence] one says, فَعَلْتُهُ عَمْدًا عَلَى عَيْنٍ, (S, O, Msb, K,) and عَمْدَ عَيْنٍ, (S, A, O, Msb, K,) I did it seriously, or in earnest, and with certain knowledge, or assurance. (S, A, O, Msb, K. [See also عَيْنٌ.]) When a man sees a bodily form and imagines it to be an object of the chase and therefore shoots at it, he cannot use this phrase, for he only aims at what is an object of the chase in his imagination: so says Sgh. (Msb.) A3: عَمَدَهُ, (S, O, L, K,) aor. ـِ (L,) said of disease, (S, O, L,) It pressed heavily upon him, or oppressed him; (S, O, L, K;) on the authority of IAar: (TA:) and so said of straitness, or confinement, or imprisonment, and captivity; (O;) and it caused him to fall; (O, K;) in this sense in like manner said of confinement, &c.: (O:) also, (O, K,) said of a disease, (O,) it pained him. (O, K.) And عَمَدَهُ, (K, TA,) aor., in this case, عَمُدَ, (TA, [but this, I think, requires confirmation,]) It grieved him, or made him sorrowful. (K, TA.) One says, مَا عَمَدَكَ What has grieved thee, or made thee sorrowful? (TA.) A4: عَمِدَ, (S, O, L, K,) aor. ـَ inf. n. عَمَدٌ, (S, O,) said of earth, It became moistened by rain so that when a portion of it was grasped in the hand it became compacted by reason of its moisture: (S, O, L, K:) or it became moistened by rain and compacted, layer upon layer. (L.) And عَمِدَتِ الأَرْضُ, inf. n. as above, The land became moistened by the rain's sinking into the earth so that when a portion of it was grasped in the hand it became compacted by reason of its moisture. (Az.) b2: Also, (inf. n. as above, L,) said of a camel, He had the inner part of his hump broken [or bruised] by being [much] ridden, while the outer part remained whole, or sound: (S, O, L, K:) or he had his hump swollen in consequence of the galling of the saddle and the cloth beneath it, and broken [or bruised]: whence عَمِيدٌ and مَعْمُودٌ as epithets applied to a man. (L.) And عَمِدَتْ أَلْيَتَاهُ مِنَ الرُّكُوبِ His buttocks became swollen, and quivered, or throbbed, in consequence of [long and hard] riding. (En-Nadr, O, K.) And عَمِدَ, aor. and inf. n. as above, said of a pustule, It became swollen in consequence of its having been squeezed before it had become ripe, and its egg [or white globule] did not come forth. (L, TA.) b3: Also He suffered pain. (L.) b4: And, (T, O, L, K,) inf. n. as above, (T, L,) He was, or became, angry: (T, O, L, K:) like عَبِدَ (T, L) [and أَمِدَ and أَبِدَ]. One says, عَمِدَ عَلَيْهِ He was angry with him. (T, L.) b5: [And He wondered.] One says, أَنَا أَعْمَدُ مِنْهُ I wonder at him, or it: (S, O, L, K:) or, as some say, I am angry at him, or it: and some say that it means I lament at, or complain of, him, or it. (L.) أَعْمَدُ مِنْ سَيِّدٍ قَتَلَهُ قَوْمُهُ (S, O, L) i. e. Do I wonder at a chief whom his [own] people have slain? (L) was said by Aboo-Jahl (S, O, L) when he lay prostrated at Bedr; meaning, hath anything more happened than the slaughter of a chief by his [own] people? this is not a disgrace [to him]: he meant thereby that the destruction that befell him was a light matter to him: (A'Obeyd, L:) the saying is interrogative; (Sh, L;) أَعْمَدُ being app. contracted from أَأَعْمَدُ, by the suppression of one of the two hemzehs. (Az, L.) And أَعْمَدُ مِنْ كَيْلٍ مُحِّقَ, as related by A'Obeyd, [and thus in the O, in two copies of the S written مُحِقّ, and in a third copy omitted,] or مُحِقَ, without teshdeed, as seen by Az written in an old book, [i. e. Do I wonder at a measure incompletely filled?] is a saying of the Arabs, expl. in the book above alluded to, and, Az thinks, correctly, as meaning is it anything more than a measure incompletely filled? [and in a similar manner, but not so fully, expl. in two copies of the S and in the O:] or, accord. to IB, is it anything more than the fact of my measure's being incompletely filled? (L:) thus expl. also by ISk: and in a similar manner the saying of Aboo-Jahl. (From a marginal note in one of my copies of the S.) b6: عَمِدَ بِهِ means He kept, or clave, to it; (Ibn-Buzurj, O, K;) namely, a thing. (O.) 2 عمّد السَّيْلَ, inf. n. تَعْمِيدٌ, He stopped, or obstructed, the course of the torrent, so as to make it collect in a place, by means of earth, (O, K,) or the like, (K,) or stones. (O.) b2: See also 1, first sentence. b3: [عمّدهُ as used by the Christians, and held to be of Syriac origin, means He baptized him: see مَعْمُودِيَةٌ.]4 أَعْمَدَ see 1, first sentence, in two places. b2: أَعْمَدَتَاهُ رِجْلَاهُ occurs in a trad. as meaning His legs rendered him عَمِيد, i. e. in such a state that he could not sit unless propped up by cushions placed at his sides: (L:) it is of the dial. of Teiyi, who say in like manner أَكَلُونِى البَرَاغِيثُ. (TA.) 5 تَعَمَّدَ see 1, former half, in five places.7 انعمد It became stayed, propped up, or supported; (S, O, L, K;) said of a wall, (L,) or other thing. (S, O, L.) 8 اِعْتَمَدْتُ عَلَى الشَّىْءِ I leaned, reclined, bore, or rested, upon the thing; stayed, propped, or supported, myself upon it. (S, O, L, Msb.) b2: and [hence] اعتمدت عَلَيْهِ فِى كَذَا (assumed tropical:) I relied upon him in such a thing, or case; (S, O, L;) as also اِعْتَمَدْتُهُ. (L.) And اعتمدت عَلَى الكِتَابِ [and اعتمدت الكِتَابَ, and perhaps بِالكِتَابِ (see De Sacy's Chrest. Arabe, sec. ed., i. 315),] (tropical:) I relied upon the book, and held to it: a metaphorical phrase, from the first above. (Msb.) b3: [Hence also the phrase, used by grammarians, يَعْتَمِدُ عَلَى مَا قَبْلَهُ (assumed tropical:) It is syntactically dependent upon what is before it; as, for instance, an enunciative upon its inchoative, an epithet upon the subst. which it qualifies, and an objective complement of a verb upon its verb. b4: اعتمد المَطَرُ عَلَى الأَرْضِ, a phrase occurring in the K in art. نكح, app. meansThe rain rested upon the ground so as to soak into it: see عَمِدَ.] b5: اعتمد عَلَى السَّيْرِ He went, or journeyed, gently; went a gentle pace. (L in art. هود.) And اعتمد لَيْلَتَهُ He rode on journeying during his night. (A, O, K.) A2: See also 1, former half, in three places. b2: [اعتمدهُ بِكَذَا means قَصَدَهُ بِكَذَا i. e. He brought to him such a thing; lit. he directed, or betook, himself to him with such a thing: see two exs. in the first paragraph of art. بى.]

عَمَدٌ: see عَمُودٌ (of which it is a quasi-pl. n., as it is also of عِمَادٌ), in four places: and عُمْدَةٌ.

A2: [It is also an inf. n. of عَمَدَ لَهُ, q. v.: A3: and the inf. n. of عَمِدَ, q. v.: b2: and hence it signifies] A swelling, with galls, in the back of a camel. (L.) عَمِدٌ Earth moistened by rain so that when a portion of it is grasped in the hand it becomes compacted by reason of its moisture: (S, O, L:) or moistened by rain and compacted, layer upon layer. (L.) b2: [Hence] one says, هُوَ عَمِدُ الثَّرَى abundant in goodness, beneficence, or bounty. (Az, Sh, O, K.) b3: عَمِدٌ is also applied to a camel, meaning Having the inner part of his hump broken [or bruised] by his being [much] ridden, while the outer part remains whole, or sound: (S, O, L:) or having his hump swollen in consequence of the galling of the saddle and of the cloth beneath it, and broken [or bruised]: fem. with ة: and, with ة, a she-camel broken, or subdued, by the weight of her burden. (L.) Lebeed says, describing rain (S, O, L) that caused the valleys to flow, (S,) فَبَاتَ السَّيْلُ يَرْكَبُ جَانِبَيْهِ مِنَ البَقَّارِ كَالعَمِدِ الثَّقَالِ [And the torrent continued during the night, what resembled the heavy, or slow-paced, camel such as is termed عَمِد overlying its two sides, from the valley of El-Bakkár]: As says, he means that a collection of clouds resembling the [camel termed]

عَمِد overlay the two sides of the torrent; i. e., that clouds encompassed it with rain. (S, O, L.) b4: Also, applied to a pustule, Swollen in consequence of its having been squeezed before it had become ripe, and retaining its egg [or white globule]. (L.) عُمْدَةٌ A thing by which another thing is stayed, propped, or supported; a stay, prop, or support; as also ↓ عِمَادٌ; of which latter the pl. [or rather quasi-pl. n.] is ↓ عَمَدٌ; (Msb;) as it is also of عَمُودٌ: (S, Msb, &c.:) a thing upon which one leans, reclines, or bears; upon which one stays, props, or supports, himself: a thing upon which one relies: (S, * O, * L, * K, TA:) and أَمْرٍ ↓ عِمَادُ (S and K voce قِوَامٌ) and ↓ عَمُودُهُ and ↓ عَمِيدُهُ (L) signify the stay, or support, of a thing or an affair; that whereon it rests, or whereby it subsists; its efficient cause of subsistence; that without which it would not subsist: (L, and S * and K * ubi suprà:) and ↓ مُعْتَمَدٌ, applied to a man, is syn. with سَنَدٌ [meaning a person upon whom one leans, rests, stays himself, or relies; a man's stay, support, or object of reliance; like عَمْدَةٌ and ↓ عِمَادٌ]: (S and K * in art. سند:) عُمْدَةٌ is used alike as masc. and fem. and as sing. and dual and pl.: (TA:) one says, أَنْتَ عُمْدَتُنَا Thou art he to whom we betake ourselves, or have recourse, in our necessities; (A;) or عُمْدَ تُنَا فِى الشَّدَائِدِ our stay, or support, or object of reliance, (↓ مُعْتَمَدُنَا,) in difficulties: (Msb:) and أَنْتُمْ عُمْدَتُنَا Ye are they upon whom we stay ourselves, or rely: (TA:) and one says also حَيِّهِ ↓ هُوَ عَمُودُ He is the stay, or support, of his tribe: (A:) and القَوْمِ ↓ عِمَادُ means the stay, support, or object of reliance, of the people, or party; syn. سَنَدُهُمْ. (Ham p. 457.) See also عَمُودٌ, second quarter. b2: [Hence, as used by grammarians,] (assumed tropical:) An indispensable member of a proposition; as, for instance, the agent; contr. of فَضْلَةٌ. (I'Ak p. 143.) b3: Also An intention, a purpose, an aim, or a course: so in the phrase اِلْزَمْ عُمْدَتَكَ [Keep to thy intention, &c.]. (A.) عِمْدَةٌ The place that swells, or becomes inflated, in the hump and withers of a camel. (L. [See عَمِدَ and عَمَدٌ.]) عُمْدَانٌ: see عَمُودٌ, second quarter.

عُمُدٌّ and ↓ عُمُدَّانِىٌّ (O, L, K) and ↓ عُمُدَّانٌ and ↓ مُعَمَّدٌ (L) or ↓ مُعْمَدٌ (TA) A youth, or young man, full of the sap, or vigour, of youth: (O, L, K:) or bulky, or corpulent, and tall: (L:) the fem. (of every one of these, L) is with ة: (L, K:) and the pl. of the second is ↓ عُمُدَّانِيُّونَ: and ↓ عُمُدَّانِيَّةٌ signifies a corpulent, bulky, woman; (O, L;) as also ↓ عُمُدَّانَةٌ. (O.) عُمُدَّانٌ (O, K, TA, in the CK عُمَّدان) Tall; (O, K;) applied to a man; fem. with ة, applied to a woman: (O:) and ↓ مُعْمَدٌ, (A, K,) like مُكْرَمٌ [in measure], (K,) or ↓ مُعَمَّدٌ, (O,) signifies the same, (A, O, K,) applied to a man; (A;) and so ↓ طَوِيلُ العِمَادِ. (Mbr, L.) b2: See also عُمُدٌّ, in two places.

عُمُدَّانِىٌّ, and its pl., and fem.: see عُمُدٌّ.

عِمَادٌ: see عُمْدَةٌ, in four places: b2: and عَمُودٌ also, former half, in four places. b3: Also Lofty buildings: (S, O, L, Msb, K:) masc. and fem.: (S, O, L, K:) [being a coll. gen. n.:] one thereof is called عِمَادَةٌ. (S, O, L, Msb, K.) b4: إِرَمُ ذَاتُ العِمَادِ [mentioned in the Kur lxxxix. 6] means Irem possessing lofty buildings supported by columns: or possessing tallness: (L:) or possessing tallness and lofty buildings: (O:) or, accord. to Fr, the possessors of tents; i. e. who dwelt in tents, and were accustomed to remove to places of pasture and then to return to their usual places of abode. (O, L.) b5: طَوِيلُ العِمَادِ: see عُمُدَّانٌ. b6: Also (i. e. طويل العماد) (assumed tropical:) A man whose abode is a place known for its visiters. (S, O, L, K.) b7: And فُلَانٌ رَفِيعُ العِمَادِ means (assumed tropical:) [Such a one is a person of exalted nobility; lit.] such a one has a high pole of the tent of nobility. (A.) عَمُودٌ a word of well-known meaning, (Msb, K,) The عَمُود of a بَيْت, (S, O,) or of a خَيْمَة; (Mgh;) [i. e.] a pole of a tent; as also ↓ عِمَادٌ: and a column, or pillar, of a house or the like: (L:) pl. (of pauc., S, O) أَعْمِدَةٌ, and (of mult., S, O) عُمُدٌ, and (quasi-pl. n., L) ↓ عَمَدٌ. (S, O, L, Msb, K.) [The former is the primary, and more common, meaning: and hence the phrase]

أَهْلُ عَمُودٍ (Lth, A, Msb) and عُمُدٍ or ↓ عَمَدٍ, (Msb,) or this last is not said, (L,) and ↓ أَهْلُ عِمَادٍ, (Lth, A, Msb, K,) [The people of the tent-pole or of the tent-poles;] meaning the people of, or who dwell in, tents: (Lth, A, Msb, K:) or the last means the people of lofty tents, (K,) or of lofty structures. (TA.) تَرَوْنَهَا ↓ خَلَقَ السَّمٰوَاتِ بِغَيْرِ عَمَدٍ, in the Kur [xxxi. 9 (and see also xiii. 2)], (O, L,) accord. to Ibn-'Arafeh, (O,) or Fr, (L,) meanseither He created the heavens without عَمَد [or pillars] as ye see them; and with the sight ye need not information: or He created the heavens with pillars (عَمَد) that ye see not; [i. e., with invisible pillars;] (O, * L;) the pillars that are not seen being his power; or, accord. to Lth, Mount Káf, which surrounds the world [or earth]; the sky being like a cupola, whereof the extremities rest on that mountain, which is of green chrysolite, whence, it is said, results the greenness of the sky. (L.) And ↓ عَمَدٍ and عُمُدٍ in the Kur [civ., last verse], accord. to different readings, are pls. [or rather the former is a quasipl. n.] of عَمُودٌ; (Fr, L;) or of ↓ عِمَادٌ; and mean [pillars] of fire. (Zj, L.) b2: Also Any tent (خِبَآء) supported on poles: or any tent extending to a considerable length along the ground, supported on many poles. (L.) b3: See also عُمْدَةٌ, in two places. b4: [Hence,] A lord, master, or chief, (S, O, K,) of a people, or party; (S, O;) as also ↓ عَمِيدٌ; (S, A, O, K;) both signify a lord, master, or chief, upon whom persons stay themselves, or rely, in their affairs, or to whom they betake themselves, or have recourse; and the pl. of the latter is عُمَدَآءُ. (TA.) And (accord. to IAar, O, L, TA) The رَئِيس [or chief, or commander], (so in the L, and in the copy of the K followed in the TA,) or رَسِيل [app. meaning, if correct, the scout, or emissary, or perhaps the advanced guard], (so in the O, and in the CK, and in my MS. copy of the K,) of an army; (O, L, K;) also called the زُوَيْر [which corroborates the former explanation, being syn. with رَئِيس]; (L, TA; [in the O written زَوِير;]) as also ↓ عِمَادٌ and ↓ عُمْدَةٌ and ↓ عُمْدَانٌ. (O, L, K.) b5: Also, [from the same word in the first of the senses expl. above,] A staff, or stick. (L.) b6: And A weapon made of iron, with which one beats, or strikes; (Mgh;) a rod of iron; (L;) [a kind of mace; app. a rod of iron with a ball of the same metal at the head: I have heard this appellation applied to the kind of weapon which I have mentioned in an explanation of طَوَارِقُ, pl. of طَارِقَةٌ, q. v.; and it is vulgarly said, in Egypt, to have been used by the فِدَاوِيَّة, the sect called in our histories of the Crusades “ the Assassins: ”] pl. [of pauc.] أَعْمِدَةٌ. (Mgh.) b7: [And A bar of iron, or of any metal. b8: And A perpendicular.] b9: And A slender and lofty mountain: so in the saying, العُقَابُ تَبِيضُ فِى رَأْسِ عَمُودٍ [The eagle lays her eggs in the top of a slender and lofty mountain]. (A.) b10: عَمُودُ البِئْرِ [Each of] the two upright supports (قَائِمَتَانِ [or قَامَتَانِ]) upon which is [placed the horizontal cross-piece of wood whereto is suspended] the great pulley (مَحَالَة) of the well: (O, K:) [both together being termed the عَمُودَانِ:] a poet says, إِذَا اسْتَقَلَّتْ رَجَفَ العَمُودَانْ [When it (the bucket, الدَّلْوُ,) rises, the two upright supports of the piece of wood to which hangs the great pulley tremble]. (O.) b11: عَمُودُ الظَّلِيم [Each of] the two legs of the male ostrich: (K:) his two legs are called his عَمُودَانِ. (O, L, TA.) b12: عَمُودُ الصَّلِيبِ [The upright timber of the cross] is an appellation applied by the vulgar to the star [e] upon the tail of the constellation Delphinus. (Kzw.) b13: عَمُودُ المِيزَانِ The شَاهِين, (K voce شاهين,) i. e. the beam of the balance; the same as the مِنْجَم, except that it (the عَمُود) is generally of the قَبَّان, or steelyard. (MA.) b14: عَمُودُ السَّيْفِ The شَطِيبَة [or شُطْبَة, generally meaning a ridge, but sometimes a channel, or depressed line,] that is in the مَتْن [or broad side, or middle of the broad side, of the blade] of the sword, (En-Nadr, O, K,) in the middle of its مَتْن, extending to its lower part: (En-Nadr, O:) [the swords of the Arabs in the earlier ages being generally straight and twoedged:] and sometimes the sword had three أَعْمِدَة [pl. of pauc. of عَمُودٌ] in its back, termed شُطُب and شَطَائِب. (En-Nadr, O.) b15: And عَمُودُ السِّنَانِ The ridge (عَيْر, in the O and in copies of the K [erroneously] written غَيْر,) rising along the middle of the spear-head, between its two cutting sides. (ISh, O, L, K. *) b16: عَمُودُ البَطْنِ The back; (S, A, Mgh, O, L, K;) because it supports the belly: (Mgh, O, L:) or a vein (عِرْق), (K,) or a thing resembling a vein, (O, L,) extending from the place of the رُهَابَة [or lower extremity of the sternum] to a little below the navel, (O, L, K,) in the middle whereof the belly of the sheep or goat is cut open; so says Lth: (O, L:) or, accord. to Lth, a vein extending from the رهابة to the navel. (Mgh.) They said, حمَلَهُ عَلَى عَمُودِ بَطْنِهِ, meaning He carried it on his back: (S, O, L:) or, in the opinion of A'Obeyd, (tropical:) with difficulty, or trouble, and fatigue; whether upon his back or not. (O, L.) b17: عَمُودُ الكَبِدِ The rising thing (المُشْرِفُ [app. meaning the longitudinal ligament]) in the middle of the liver: (Zj in his “ Khalk el-Insán: ”) or a certain vein that irrigates the liver: (Lth, O, L, K:) or عَمُودَا الكَبِدِ signifies two large veins, on the right and left of the navel. (ISh, O, L.) One says, إِنَّ فُلَانًا لَخَارِجٌ عَمُودُ كَبِدِهِ مِنَ الجُوعِ [Verily such a one has his عمود of his liver coming forth in consequence of hunger]: (O:) or عَمُودُهُ مِنْ كَبِدِهِ [his عمود from his liver]; (L, TA;) and some say that by his عمود in this saying is meant what here next follows. (TA.) b18: عَمُودُ السَّحْرِ The وَتِين [app. meaning the aor. a, as though it were considered as the support of the lungs]. (O, K.) b19: عَمُودُ الأُذُنِ The main part, and support, of the ear: (O, L, K, TA: [in the CK, قَوامُها is erroneously put for قِوَامُهَا:]) or the round part which is above the lobe. (L.) b20: عَمُودُ القَلْبِ The middle of the heart, (A, L,) lengthwise: or, as some say, a certain vein that irrigates it. (L.) One says, اِجْعَلْ ذٰلِكَ فِى عَمُودِ قَلْبِكَ Put thou that in the middle of thy heart. (A.) b21: عَمُودُ اللِّسَانِ The middle of the tongue, lengthwise. (L.) b22: عَمُودُ الكِتَابِ The text of the book: thus in the saying, هُوَ مَذْكُورٌ فِى عَمُودِ الكِتَابِ [It is mentioned in the text of the book]. (A, TA.) b23: عَمُودُ الصُّبْحِ The bright gleam of dawn; (L;) the dawn that rises and spreads, (A, L, Msb, *) filling the horizon with its whiteness: (Msb voce فَجْرٌ:) [app. thus called as being likened to a tent, or long tent:] it is the second, or true, فَجْر, and rises after the first, or false, فجر has disappeared; and with its rising, the day commences, and everything by which the fast would be broken becomes forbidden to the faster. (Msb voce فَجْرٌ.) One says, سَطَعَ عَمُودُ الصُّبْحِ, (S, O, L,) or ضَرَبَ الصُّبْحُ بِعَمُودِهِ, (A,) or ضَرَبَ الفَجْرُ بِعَمُودِهِ, i. e. [The bright gleam of dawn] rose and spread. (Msb.) b24: عَمُودُ الإِعْصَارِ That [meaning the dust] which rises into the sky, or extends along the surface of the earth, in consequence of the [wind called] إِعْصَار [q. v.]. (O, L.) b25: عَمُودُ الحُسْنِ (assumed tropical:) Tallness of stature. (TA in art. ملأ.) b26: عَمُودُ النَّوَى (tropical:) The state of distance, from their friends, in which travellers continue. (L.) b27: دَائِرَةُ العَمُودِ The curl of the hair [which we term a feather] on a horse's neck, in the places of the collar: it is approved by the Arabs. (L.) b28: اِسْتَقَامُوا عَلَى عَمُودِ رَأْيِهِمْ means They continued in the course upon which they placed reliance. (O, K.) A2: Also, i. e. عَمُودٌ, (accord. to the O and K,) or ↓ عَمِيدٌ, (accord. to the TA [agreeably with an explanation of the latter in the L],) Affected with vehement, or intense, grief or sorrow. (O, K, TA.) عَمِيدٌ: see عُمْدَةٌ b2: and see also عَمُودٌ, first quarter. b3: Also A man sick, (L,) or very sick, (A,) so that he cannot sit unless propped up by cushions placed at his sides. (A, * L.) b4: Also, and ↓ مَعْمُودٌ, (S, O, L, K,) and ↓ معَمَّدٌ, (K,) A man broken, or enervated, by the passion of love; (S, O, K;) and in like manner all the three are applied to a heart: (O:) or the first and second signify a man whose عَمُود of his heart is severed: (A:) or a man much distressed, or afflicted, by love; likened to a camel's hump of which the interior is broken: (L. [See عَمِدَ:]) and ↓ مَعْمُودٌ signifies diseased, or sick. (L.) b5: See also عَمُودٌ, last sentence.

A2: عَمِيدُ الوَجَعِ The place of pain. (L.) عَامِدٌ applied to the latter part of the night, Causing pain. (IAar, O.) And لَيْلَةٌ عَامِدَةٌ A night causing pain. (IAar, Az, O.) مُعْمَدٌ A tall [tent such as is called] طِرَافٌ. [So in a copy of the A. [Perhaps a mistranscription for مُعَمَّدٌ, q. v.]) See also عُمُدَّانٌ. b2: And see عُمُدٌّ.

مُعَمَّدٌ, applied to a tent, Set up with poles: (O, K:) occurring in a verse of [the Mo'allakah of] Tarafeh [p. 88 in the EM]. (O. [See also مُعْمَدٌ.]) b2: وَشْىٌ مُعَمَّدٌ (O, K, TA, in some copies of the K شَىْءٌ,) A sort of وَشْى [or variegated cloth] (O, K, TA) [figured] with the form of عِمَاد [app. meaning lofty buildings]. (TA.) b3: See also عَمُدَّانٌ: b4: and عُمُدٌّ: and عَمِيدٌ.

مُعْمِدَانٌ and مُعْمِدَانِىٌّ and مَعْمُودَانِىٌّ epithets used by the Christian Arabs, meaning A baptist.]

مَعْمُودٌ applied to a thing that presses heavily, such as a roof, Held [up, or supported,] by columns: differing from مَدْعُومٌ [q. v.]. (TA in art. دعم.) A2: Also A person resorted to in cases of need. (A.) A3: See also عَمِيدٌ, in two places.

المَعْمُودِيَةُ, thus correctly, as in the 'Ináyeh, without teshdeed to the ى, but in the copies of the K with teshdeed, [and so in the O; held by some to be of Arabic origin, but by others, of Syriac;] said by Es-Sowlee to be an arabicized word, from مَعْمُوذِيت, with the pointed ذ, signifying الطَّهَارَةُ [app. as meaning “ ablution,” or “ purification ”]; (TA;) [Baptism: and baptismal water; expl. as signifying] a yellow water, pertaining to the Christians, (O, K, TA,) consecrated by what is recited over it from the Gospel, (TA,) in which they dip their children, believing that is is a purification to them, like circumcision to others. (O, K, TA.) [See also صِبْغَةٌ.]

مُعْتَمَدٌ: see عُمْدَةٌ, in two places. b2: [Also A ground of reliance:] one says, مَا عَلَى فُلَانِ مَعْتَمَدٌ [There is not any ground of reliance upon such a one]. (S voce مَحْمِلٌ, q. v.)

حجب

1 حَجَبَهُ, (S, A, Msb,) aor. ـُ (Msb,) inf. n. حَجْبٌ, (Mgh, Msb,) He, or it, prevented, hindered, debarred, or precluded, him, or it: (Mgh, Msb:) he, or it, precluded him, or it; i. e. prevented him, or it, from entering. (S, A.) [Hence,] الإِخْوَةُ يَحْجُبُونَ الأُمَّ عِنِ الثُّلُثِ [Brothers of a person deceased preclude the mother from receiving the third of the inheritance]. (S, A.) b2: Also, (A, K,) aor. as above, (TA,) inf. n. حَجْبٌ and حَجَابٌ, (K,) He, or it, veiled, concealed, hid, covered, or protected, him, or it; (A, K;) as also ↓ حجّبهُ. (K.) b3: [And It intervened between two things. Thus the diaphragm is described as] جِلْدَةٌ تَحْجُبُ بَيْنَ الفُؤَادِ وَالبَطْنِ [A piece of skin that intervenes between the heart and the belly]. (A.) b4: [And He held the office of حَاجِب, i. e. door-keeper, or chamberlain. Yousay,] فُلَانٌ يَحْجُبُ لِلْأَمِيرِ Such a one holds the office of حاجب to the prince, governor, or commander. (A, TA.) 2 حَجَّبَ see 1.5 تَحَجَّبَ see 8.8 احتجب [He, or it, became prevented, hindered, debarred, or precluded: he became secluded; or he secluded himself:] he, or it, became veiled, concealed, hidden, covered, or protected; as also ↓ تحجّب. (K, TA.) You say, احتجب المَلِكُ عِنِ النَّاسِ [The King secluded, or concealed, himself, or became secluded or concealed, from the people]. (S, A.) And احتجبت الشَّمْسُ فِى السَّحَابِ (tropical:) [The sun became concealed, or concealed itself, in the clouds]. (A, TA.) b2: [Hence, app.,] احتجبت المَرْأَةُ بِيَومٍ, (K,) or بِيَوْمٍ مِنْ تَاسِعِهَا, and مِنْ يَوْمٍ مِنْ تَاسِعِهَا, (TA,) [as though meaning The woman secluded herself from the commencement of a day of her ninth month of pregnancy:] said of a pregnant woman, (TA,) when a day has passed of her ninth [month, during which it was probably a custom for a woman to seclude herself in the house or tent]. (K, TA.) 10 استحجِبهُ He appointed him to the office of حَاجِب [i. e. door-keeper, or chamberlain]. (S, K.) حَجَبٌ: see حَجَبَةٌ.

A2: Also [The windpipe;] the passage of the breath. (K.) حَجِبٌ A hill; syn. أَكَمَةٌ: (K:) or a lofty أَكَمَة. (TA.) حِجْبَةٌ: see حِجَابَةٌ.

حَجَبَةٌ The head [or crest] of the kip or haunch (S, A) [of a man, (see حَرْقَفَةٌ,) and] of a horse; (A;) i. e. each of the حَجَبَتَانِ, which project above, or beyond, the خَاصِرَتَانِ [or two flanks]: (S:) or the dual signifies the two edges of the hip or haunch, that project above, or beyond, the خَاصِرَة [or flank]: (K:) or the two bones above the pubes, that project above, or beyond, the soft parts of the belly, on the right and left: (Zj in his “ Khalk el-Insán, “* and K:) or the heads of the two hipbones or haunch-bones, next the حَرْقَفَتَانِ [q. v.]; pl. [or rather coll. gen. n.] ↓ حَجَبٌ, and pl. of pauc. حَجَبَاتٌ: (TA:) and in a horse, the parts of the two hips, or haunches, that project above, or beyond, the [skin called] صِفَاق, of the belly. (K.) حِجَابٌ [A thing that prevents, hinders, debars,or precludes:] a thing that veils, conceals, hides, covers, or protects; (S, Msb, K TA;) because it prevents seeing, or beholding: (Msb:) a thing, (A, K,) or body. (Msb,) that intervenes (A, Msb, K) between two things, (A, K,) or between two bodies; which is [said to be] the primary signification; (Msb;) [a partition, a bar, a barrier, or an obstacle:] and sometimes applied to ideal things: (Msb:) pl. جُجُبٌ. (A, Msb, K.) Yousay, ضُرِبَ الحِجَابُ عَلَى النِّسَآءِ [The veil, or curtain, was put, or let down, over the women]. (A, TA.) And لَهُ دَعَوَاتٌ تَخْرِقُ الحُجُبَ [He has prayers that rend the veils]. (A, TA.) and مَا لِدَعْوَةِ المَظْلُومِ حِجَابٌ [There is no veil, or obstacle, to the prayer of the wronged]. (A, TA.) It is said in a trad., مَنِ اطَّلَعَ الحِجَابِ وَاقَعَ مَا وَرَآءَهُ [He who gets sight and knowledge of the veil falls into that which is behind it]: i. e., when a man dies, he falls into what is behind [one of] the two veils, that of Paradise and that of Hell: (ISh, TA:) or, accord. to some, اِطَلَاعُ الحِجَابِ signifies the stretching out the head [and looking over the veil]; for he who examines into a thing stretches out his head to see what is behind the veil, or covering. (TA.) And in another trad., a saying of Mohammad, (TA,) إِنَّ اللّٰهَ يَغْفِرُ لِلْعَبْدِ مَا لَمْ يَقَعِ الحِجَابُ [Verily God forgiveth the servant (his creature) as long as the precluding event shall not have happened]: الحجاب here meaning the dying in the belief in a plurality of gods: (K, * TA:) as though one were precluded from true belief by death. (TA.) One says also, العَجْزُ حَجَابٌ بَيْنَ الإِنْسَانِ وَمُرَادِهِ [Inability is a bar between man and his desire]. (Msb.) and المَعْصِيَةُ حِجَابٌ بَيْنَ العَبْدِ وَبَيْنَ رَبِّهِ [Disobedience is a bar between the servant and his Lord]. (Msb.) b2: [Hence, in the present day, (assumed tropical:) A written charm or amulet; generally worn in a case (called بَيْتُ حِجَابٍ) suspended, on the right side, by a string passing over the left shoulder, or on some other part of the person: pl. of mult. حُجُبٌ, and of pauc. أَحْجِبَةٌ and حِجَابَاتٌ.] b3: [Hence also,] A thin piece of flesh, (K,) resembling a piece of shin, (TA,) in the interior of the body, between the two sides, intervening between the lungs and the قصب [in the K القَصَب, but this is evidently a mistranscription for القُصْب the lower intestines; for the حجاب is the diaphragm, or midriff]: (K, TA:) and حِجَابُ القَلْبِ, (A,) or حَجَابُ الجَوْفِ, (S,) signifies [the same; as also حَجَابُ الكَبِدِ; (see خِلْبٌ;)] what intervenes between the heart and the rest of the جوف; (S;) the piece of skin that intervenes between the heart and the belly: (A, TA:) or حِجَابُ القَلْبِ signifies a certain fat that clothes the heart: (AHeyth, TA in art. شغف:) [or it signifies, or signifies also, the septum cordis: see قَلْبٌ:] pl. حُجُبٌ (A, TA.) Hence the saying, هَتَكَ الخَوْفُ حِجَابَ قَلْبِهِ (tropical:) [Fear rent open his midriff: or his septum cordis]. (A, TA.) b4: (assumed tropical:) The horizon: [because it terminates the view:] so in the phrase, تَوَارَتْ بِالْحِجَابِ (assumed tropical:) It (the sun) became concealed by the horizon; occurring in the Kur [xxxviii. 31], and in a trad. (TA.) b5: (tropical:) A mountain: (A:) or an elevated part of a mountain. (K.) You say, قَعَدَ فِى ظِلِّ الحِجَابِ (tropical:) He sat in the shade of the mountain. (A.) b6: (assumed tropical:) The place where a [stony tract such as is called]

حَرَّة ends. (K.) b7: (assumed tropical:) A tract of sand uniformly continuous, and long. (K.) b8: (assumed tropical:) The light of the sun: or the tract, or side, of the sun: (K, TA:) or [like حَاجِبٌ] a side, or part, of the sun. (TA.) حَجَابَةٌ, (K,) or ↓ حِجْبَةٌ, (S,) The office of doorkeeper [or chamberlain]. (S, * K.) b2: And the former, The office of door-keeper and guardian of the Kaabeh. (TA.) حَاجِبٌ, an epithet in which the quality of a subst. predominates, (TA,) A door-keeper; (Msb, K;) so called because he prevents persons from entering: (Msb:) [a chamberlain:] pl. حُجَّابٌ (S, Msb, K) and حَجَبَةٌ. (Msb, K.) And حَجَبَةُ البَيْتِ [The door-keepers and guardians of the Kaabeh: see حِجَابَةٌ]. (TA.) b2: Each of the two bones over the eyes, with the hair and flesh upon them: (IF, Msb, K:) or the eyebrow; the hair growing on either of those bones: (Az, K:) so called because it precludes the rays of the sun from the eye: (TA:) of the masc. gender: (Lh TA:) pl. حَوَاجِبُ. (S Msb, K.) One says, إِنَّهُ لَمُزَجَّجُ الحَاجِبِ [Verily he has the eyebrow made narrow and long, by the removal of redundant hairs; or made narrow and long and arched; or lengthened with antimony]. (Lh, TA.) b3: [Hence, as being likened thereto,] (assumed tropical:) The piece of wood that is over the lintel of a door-frame. (Az, TA.) [See عَتَبَةٌ.]

b4: (tropical:) The edge, (A,) or side, (K,) or upper limb of the disk, that appears when it begins to rise, (T, TA,) or the first part that appears, (Mgh,) of the sun, (T, A, Mgh, K,) and of the moon: (T, TA:) likened to the حاجب (A, Mgh) of the face (Mgh) of a man: (A:) and حَوَاجبُ الشَّمْس the sides of the sun. (S.) You say, بَدَا حَاجِبُ الشَّمْس, (T, A, TA,) and القَمَرِ, (T, TA,) (tropical:) The upper limb of the disk, (T, TA,) or the edge, (A,) of the sun appeared, (T, A, TA,) and of the moon. (T, TA.) b5: (assumed tropical:) The edge or anything. (K.) A woman said to a man who was eating of the middle of a round cake of bread, كُلْ مِنْ حَوَاجِبِهَا (tropical:) Eat of its edges, (As, TA,) or its sides. (A.) b6: (assumed tropical:) [The beginning of the dawn.] You say, لَاحَتْ حَوَاجِبُ الصُّبْحِ (tropical:) The beginnings of the dawn appeared. (A, TA.) مُحَجَّبٌ: see what next follows.

مَحْجُوبٌ [pass. part. n. of 1]. You say مَلِكٌ مَحْجُوبٌ (A) and ↓ مُحَجَّبٌ (S) and ↓ مُحْتَجبٌ (A) and ↓ مُحُوْجَبٌ (TA) [A king secluded, or concealed, from the people]. And اِمْرَأَةٌ مَحْجُوبَةٌ A woman veiled, or concealed by a curtain or the like. (TA.) And هُوَ مَحْجُوبٌ عِنِ الخَيْرِ [He is debarred from good.] (A, TA.) b2: (assumed tropical:) Blind; (S, K;) and so ↓ مُحَوْجَبٌ. (TA.) مُحْتَجِبٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

مُحَوْجَبٌ: see مَحْجُوبٌ, in two places.

سطع

1 سَطَعَ, aor. ـَ (S, Mgh, * Msb, K,) inf. n. سُطُوعٌ (S, K) and سَطْعٌ (TA) and سَطِيعٌ, which last is rare, (K,) It rose: (S, Mgh, Msb, K, TA:) or it spread, or diffused itself: (Mgh, TA:) said of duct, and of the dawn, (S, Msb, K,) [meaning as above, and it radiated, gleamed, or shone, (see سَاطِعٌ,)] and of light, (TA,) and of lightning, and of the rays of the sun, (K,) and (tropical:) of odour, (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) in relation to which last it is tropical, and signifies it diffused itself, and rose: or it was originally said only of light; and was then used absolutely, as meaning it appeared, or became apparent. (TA.) Yousay also سَطَعَ السَّهْمُ The arrow, being shot, rose into the sky, glistening. (TA.) And يَسْطَعُ, the aor. of سَطَعَ, is used by Dhu-r-Rummeh, in describing an ostrich, as meaning He raises his head, and stretches his neck. (TA.) And you say, سَطَعَ لِى أَمْرُكَ (assumed tropical:) Thine affair became, or has become, apparent, or manifest, to me. (Lh.) b2: سَطَعَتْنِى رَائِحَةُ المِسْكِ (tropical:) The odour of the musk rose to my nose. (K, TA.) A2: سَطَعْتُ الشَّىْءَ I laid hold of the thing with the palm of the hand, or with the hand, striking [the thing]. (Msb.) And سَطَعَ بِيَدَيْهِ, inf. n. سَطْعٌ, He clapped with his hands: whence the subst. سَطَعٌ [q. v.]. (IDrd, K.) A3: سَطِعَ, aor. ـَ (K,) inf. n. سَطَعٌ, (TK,) He was long-necked; he had a long neck. (K.) [See أَسْطَعُ.]2 سطّعهُ, inf. n. تَسْطِيعٌ, He marked him (namely a camel) with the mark called سِطَاع. (K.) اِسْطَعْتُهُ (for اِسْتَطَعْتُهُ), aor. ـْ (for أَسْتَطِيعُهُ); or أَسْطَعْتُهُ (for أَطَعْتُهُ), aor. ـْ (for أُطِيعُهُ): see in art. طوع. (TA.) سَطَعٌ Length of neck. (S.) It is said of Mo-hammad, فِى عُنُقِهِ سَطَعٌ In his neck was length. (TA.) [See أَسْطَعُ.]

A2: A clapping with the hands, or striking with one hand upon the other, or upon the hand of another: (K:) or a striking a thing with the palm of the hand, or with the fingers. (TA.) And The sound of a striking or throwing: as in the saying, سَمِعْتُ لِوَقْعِهِ سَطَعًا شَدِيدًا [I heard, in consequence of its falling, a loud sound of a striking or throwing]. (K.) It is with fet-h to the medial radical because it is an onomatopœia, not an epithet nor an inf. n., for onomatopœias are sometimes made to differ [in form] from epithets. (Lth, K.) سِطَاعٌ The pole of the [tent called] بَيْت: (S, K:) and the longest of the poles of the [tent called]

خِبَآء: (K:) from سَاطِعٌ applied to the dawn: (Az, TA:) and a pole that is set up in the middle of the خباء and of the [tent called] رِوَاق: pl. [of pauc.] أَسْطِعَةٌ and [of mult.] سُطُعٌ. (TA.) b2: Hence, as being likened thereto, (tropical:) The neck. (TA.) b3: Hence also, (Az, TA,) (tropical:) A tall, bulky, camel. (Az, Ibn-'Abbád, K, TA.) b4: (assumed tropical:) A mark made with a hot iron upon the neck of a camel, (Az, S, K,) or upon his side, (TA,) lengthwise: (Az, S, K, TA:) in the R, it is said to be upon the limbs, or members. (TA.) سَطِيعٌ Tall, or long. (K.) b2: See also سَاطِعٌ.

سَاطِعٌ Rising: or spreading, or diffusing itself: [and radiating, gleaming, or shining:] applied [to dust, (see 1,) and] to the dawn, and to light, and to fire [&c.]: applied to the dawn, it denotes that extending lengthwise into the sky, and called ذَنَبُ السِّرْحَانِ [q. v.]. (TA.) b2: Also The dawn [itself]; (TA;) and so ↓ سَطِيعٌ; (S, TA;) because of its shining, and spreading; when it first breaks, extending lengthwise. (TA.) b3: نَاقَةٌ سَاطِعَةٌ A she-camel having the front of the neck, and the [whole] neck, extended. (TA.) أَسْطَعُ Long-necked; (K;) applied to a camel, and an ostrich: (TA:) fem. سَطْعَآءُ; applied to a she-camel, (TA,) and a she-ostrich. (S.) b2: عُنُقٌ أَسْطَعُ A long, erect, neck: (TA:) and عُنُقٌ سِطْعَآءُ a neck that is long, and erect in its sinews. (AO, in describing horses; and TA.) مِسْطَعٌ Chaste in speech; or eloquent; (Lh, K, TA;) fluent in speech. (TA.) مُسَطَّعٌ (assumed tropical:) A camel marked with the mark called سِطَاع; (S, TA;) fem. with ة. and ↓ مَسْطُوعَةٌ signifies the same, applied to a she-camel. (TA.) b2: And إِبِلٌ مُسَطَّعَةٌ (assumed tropical:) Camels tall as the tent-poles called سُطُعٌ, pl. of سِطَاعٌ. (TA.) مَسْطُوعَةٌ: see مُسَطَّعٌ.

شي

أ1 شَآءَهُ, (Msb,) [originally شَيِئَهُ,] like خَافَهُ, [which is originally خَوِفَهُ,] (MF,) first. Pers\.

شِئْتُهُ, (S, K,) aor. ـَ (Msb,) [and by poetic license يَشَاهُ, without ء,] first Pers\. أَشَاؤُهُ, (S. K,) inf. n. شَىْءٌ (Msb, K) and مَشِيْئَةٌ, (S, * K,) or this is a simple subst., (Msb,) and مَشَآءَةٌ and مَشَائِيَةٌ, (K,) [or these two also are simple substs.,] He, and I, willed, wished, or desired, it; syn. أَرَادَهُ (Msb) and أَرَدْتُهُ: (S, * K:) most of the scholastic theologians make no difference between المَشِيْئَةُ and الإِرَادَةُ, though they are [said to be] originally different; for the former, in the proper language, signifies the causing to be or exist, syn. الإِيجَادُ; and the latter, the willing, wishing, or desiring; syn. الطَّلَبُ. (TA.) A Jew objected, to the Prophet, his people's saying مَا شَآءَ اللّٰهُ وَشِئْتُ [What God hath willed and I have willed], as implying the association of another being with God: therefore the Prophet ordered them to say مَا شَآءَ اللّٰهُ ثُمَّ شِئْتُ [What God hath willed, then I have willed]. (TA.) [مَا شَآءَ اللّٰهُ as signifying What hath God willed! is used to express admiration. And as signifying What God willed it is a phrase often used to denote a vague, generally a great or considerable, but sometimes a small, number or quantity or time: See De Sacy's Relation de l'Égypte par Abdallatif, pp.246 and 394 &c.]

A2: See also 1 in art. شوأ.2 شَيَّأْتُهُ عَلَى الأَمْرِ [in some copies of the K (erroneously) شِئْتُهُ] I incited him, or made him, to do the thing, or affair. (As, S, L, K, TA.) A2: And شَيَّأَ اللّٰهُ وَجْهَهُ, (K, TA,) and خَلْقَهُ, (TA,) God rendered, or may God render, foul, unseemly, or ugly, his face, (K, TA,) and his make. (TA.) 4 أَشَآءَهُ إِلَيْهِ He, or it, compelled him, constrained him, or necessitated him, to have recourse, or betake himself, to it; syn. أَلْجَأَهُ; (S, K;) a dial. var. of أَجَآءَهُ; (S;) of the dial. of Temeem. (TA.) Temeem say, شَرٌّ مَا يُشِيؤُكَ إِلَى مُخَّةِ عُرْقُوبٍ, meaning يُجِيؤُكَ [q. v., i. e. It is an evil thing that compels thee to have recourse to the marrow of a hock]. (S.) 5 تشيّأ His anger became appeased: (K:) said of a man. (TA.) شَىْءٌ [A thing; anything; something; somewhat;] a word of well-known meaning: (K:) [sometimes, in poetry, written and pronounced شَىٌّ: see an ex. in a verse cited voce صُؤَابَةٌ: see also the last sentence but one of this paragraph:] الشَّىْءُ properly signifies what may be known, and that whereof a thing may be predicated: (Mgh, KT:) accord. to Sb, it denotes existence, and is a name for anything that has been made to have being, whether an accident, or attribute, or a substance, and such that it may be known, and that a thing may be predicated thereof: (KT:) MF says that it is app. an inf. n. used in the sense of a pass. part. n., meaning what is willed, and meant, or intended, [in which sense ↓ مَشِيْئَةٌ (pl. مَشِيْآتٌ) is often used,] without restriction to its actuality or possibility of being, so that it applies to that which necessarily is, and that which may be, and that which cannot be; accord. to the opinion adopted by the author of the Ksh: [or, as an inf. n. in the sense of a pass. part. n., it may be expl., agreeably with what is said to be the proper meaning of the verb, as signifying what is caused to be or exist; accordingly,] Er-Rághib says that it denotes whatever is caused to be or exist, whether sensibly, as material substances, or ideally, as sayings; and Bd and others expressly assert that it signifies peculiarly what is caused to be or exist; but Sb says that it is the most general of general terms; and some of the scholastic theologians apply it to what is non-existent; such, however, are overcome in their argument by its not being found to have been thus used by the Arabs, and by such passages as كُلُّ شَىْءٍ هَالِكٌ إِلَّا وَجْهَهُ [Everything is subject to perish except Himself (Kur xxviii. last verse)] and وَإِنْ مِنْ شَىْءٍ إِلَّا يُسَبِّحُ بِحَمْدِهِ [And there is not anything but it glorifies Him with praising (Kur xvii. 46)], for what is nonexistent cannot be described as perishing nor imagined to glorify God: (TA:) the pl. is أَشْيَآءُ, (S, Msb, K, &c.,) imperfectly decl., (Msb, TA,) or rather this is a quasi-pl. n., (Sb, TA,) respecting the formation of which there is much difference of opinion [as will be shown hereafter], (Msb, TA,) and أَشْيَاوَاتٌ, (S, K,) a pl. pl. [i. e. pl. of أَشْيَآءٌ], (MF, TA,) and أَشَاوَاتٌ, [a contraction of that next preceding,] (K,) and أَشَاوَى, (S, K,) with fet-h to the و, (MF, TA,) and it is also mentioned as with kesr, (TA,) [and is written in both of my copies of the S أَشَاوَى, though if with kesr it should be either أَشَاوٍ or أَشَاوِىُّ, but أَشَاوَى

only is meant by J, as is shown by what here follows,] originally أَشَايِىُّ, with three ى s, not أَشَائِىُّ as J says, [or rather as the word is written in copies of the S, for J may have held it to be أَشَائِىُّ or أَشَايِىْءُ, as he says that the ء was changed into ى thus occasioning the combination of three ىs, so that he held its secondary form to be أَشَايِىُّ, as will presently be shown,] because the first ى is radical, not augmentative, (IB, K,) the medial ى of the three being suppressed, and the final one changed into ا [though written ى], and the initial one changed into و, (S,) and another form of pl. is أَشَايَا, (S, Msb, K,) with the ى preserved, not changed into و [as it is in أَشَاوَى], (TA,) [likewise] a pl. of أَشْيَآءُ, (Msb,) and أَشَيَايَا also is mentioned, (K,) as formed [from أَشْيَآءُ] by the change of ء into ى and adding ا, (TA,) and أَشَاوِهُ, which is strange, (Lh, K,) as there is no ه in أَشَيَآءُ, (Lh,) or in شَىْءٌ: (K:) with respect to the first of these forms, [the quasi-pl. n.] أَشَيَآءُ, the most probable opinion is that of Kh: (Msb, TA:) accord. to him, (S, Msb, K,) it is originally of the measure فَعْلَآءُ, (S, K, *) in lieu of أَفْعَالٌ, (K,) and therefore imperfectly decl., (S,) [i. e.] it is originally شَيْئَآءُ, (Msb,) and the two hemzehs combined in the latter portion being found difficult of pronunciation, the former of them is transposed to the beginning of the word, so that it becomes of the measure لَفْعَآءُ, (S, Msb,) as is shown by its having for its pls. أَشَاوَى and أَشَايَا and أَشْيَاوَاتٌ: (S:) accord. to Akh, it is [originally] of the measure أَفْعِلَآءُ; (S, K;) but if it were thus a broken pl., [not a quasi-pl. n.,] its dim. would not be ↓ أُشْيَّآءُ, as it is, but شُيَيْآتٌ: (S:) accord. to Ks, it is of the measure أَفْعَالٌ, and made imperfectly decl. because of frequency of usage, being likened to فَعْلَآءُ; but were it so, أَبْنَآء and أَسْمَآء would be imperfectly decl.: (S, K:) accord. to Fr, شَىْءٌ is originally شَيِّئٌ, and therefore has a pl. of the measure أَفْعِلَآءُ, afterwards contracted to فَعْلَآءُ; but were it so, it would not have for its pl. أَشَاوَى. (S. [Much more respecting this pl. is added in the TA, but it is comparatively unprofitable.]) The dim. of شَىْءٌ is ↓ شُيَىْءٌ and ↓ شِيَىْءٌ; (S, K, TA, but only the former in some copies of the K, the word being written in other copies شُِيَىْءٌ;) not ↓ شُوَىٌّ, or ↓ شُوَىْءٌ; (the former accord. to my two copies of the S and accord. to the copies of the K followed in the TA, in which it is said to be with teshdeed to the ى, and the latter accord. to the CK and my MS. copy of the K;) or this is a dial. var. of weak authority, (K,) used by post-classical poets in their verses. (MF, TA.) b2: When a man says to thee, “What dost thou desire? ” thou answerest, لَا شَيْئًا [Nothing]: and when he says, “Why didst thou that? ” thou answerest, لِلَا شَىْءٍ [For nothing]: and when he says, “What is thine affair? ” thou answerest, لَا شَىْءٌ [Nothing]: it is with tenween in every one of these cases. (As, AHát, TA.) [When one says لَا شَىْءَ, he means thereby There is nothing.]

b3: لَيْسَ بِشَىْءٍ means [It is nought, of no account or weight; it is not worthy of notice, or not worth anything;] it is not a good thing; or it is not a thing to be regarded. (W p. 27.) b4: [لَيْسَ مِنَ الأَمْرِ فِى شَىْءٍ is a phrase of frequent occurrence, meaning He has no concern with the affair; see two exs. in the first paragraph of art. حوص. b5: فِيهِ شَىْءٍِ مِنَ الطُّولِ occurs in the TA voce حُسْبَانَةٌ, meaning In it is somewhat, or some degree, of length; i. e. it is somewhat long; and is used in the present day in this sense.] b6: In the phrase هُوَ أَحْسَنُ مِنْكَ شَيْئًا, the last word is for بِشَىْءٍ

[i. e. He is better than thou in something; meaning he is somewhat better than thou]. (IJ, L.) b7: مَا أَغْفَلَهُ عَنْكَ شَيْئًا is a phrase of the Arabs [app. lit. signifying How unmindful of thee is he as to anything!] mentioned by Sb as meaning دَعِ الشَّكَّ عَنْكَ [Dismiss doubt from thee (respecting him as to anything)]: IJ says that شيئا is here put in the accus. case as an inf. n., as though the saying were مَا أَغْفَلَهُ عَنْكَ غُفُولًا, because the verb of wonder does not require to be corroborated by the inf. n. [proper to it]: (L, TA:) [or it is a specificative:] IF says that it is a phrase of dubious meaning; and that the most probable explanation of it is this; that ما is here lit. interrogative, but in meaning denotative of wonder; and that شيئا is governed in the accus. case by some other word, or phrase, as though the saying were dismiss a thing by which he is not occupied in mind, and dismiss doubt as to his being occupied in mind by it. (TA in art. ما.) b8: [شَيْئًا فَشَيْئًا means Thing by thing, part by part, bit by bit, piecemeal, inch by inch, drop by drop, little and little in succession, by little and little, by degrees or gradually.] b9: أَىُّ شَىْءٍ [meaning What thing?] is, by the alleviation of the ى [in اىّ] and the suppression of the ء [in شىء], made into one word, أَيْشَىْ: so says El-Fárábee: (Msb:) or, [as is commonly the case in the present day,] by reason of frequency of usage, it is contracted into أَيْشَ. (TA in art. جرم, as on the authority of Ks.) b10: شَىْءٌ in the Kur lx. 11 may mean Any one (Bd, Jel) or more. (Jel.) b11: [It is also applied to (assumed tropical:) The penis of a man; as in the explanation of a phrase mentioned voce ذَنَبٌ; like as its syn. هَنٌ is to the same and (more commonly) to the “ vulva ” of a woman.] b12: In algebra, it signifies [A square root;] a number that is multiplied into itself; which in arithmetic [and in algebra also] is called جذر [i. e. جَذْرٌ]; and in geometry, ضلع [i. e. ضِلْعٌ or ضِلَعٌ]; (“ Dict. of the Techn. Terms used in the Sciences of the Musalmans,” p. 202;) an unknown number that is multiplied into itself. (Idem, p. 730.) A2: It is also said, on the authority of Lth, to signify Water: and he cites as an ex., تَرَى رَكْبَهُ بِالشَّىْءِ فِى وَسْطِ قَفْرَةٍ

[Thou seest, or wilt see, his company of riders at the water in the midst of a desert]: but AM says, I know not الشىء in the sense of “ water,” nor know I what it is. (TA.) A3: يَا شَىْءَ is an expression of regret, (El-Ahmar, Ks, TA,) or of wonder, (K, TA,) [or of both,] meaning [Oh! or] O my wonder! (Ks, Lh, TA.) One says, يَا شَىْءَ مَا لِى, (El-Ahmar, Ks, Lh, K,) and يَا شَىَّ مَا لِى, i. e. with and without ء, (Ks, TA,) and يَا هَىْءَ مَا لِى, (Lh, K,) يا هَىَّ ما لى, and يَا فَىَّ ما لى, (El-Ahmar, Ks, TA,) neither of these two with ء, (Ks, TA,) [meaning Oh! or O my wonder! What has happened to me?] in all of these, (Ks, TA,) ما being in the place of a noun in the nom. case. (Ks, Lh, TA.) b2: Some also say, يَا شَىْءَ and يَا هَىَّ and يَا فَىَّ, and some add مَا, saying, يَا شَىْءَ مَا and يَا هَىَّ مَا and يَا فَىَّ مَا, meaning How good, or beautiful, is this! (Ks, TA.) شِيْئَةٌ [Will, wish, or desire,] a subst. from شَآءَهُ, (Lh, K,) [and] so is ↓ مَشِيْئَةٌ [which is mentioned in the K as an inf. n.]. (Msb.) One says, كُلُّ شَىْءٍ بِشِيْئَةِ اللّٰهِ, (S, K,) i. e. ↓ بَمِشِيْئَتِهِ [Everything is by the will of God]. (S.) شُيَىْءٌ and شِيَىْءٌ and شُوَىٌّ or شُوَىْءٌ: see شَىْءٌ in the middle of the paragraph.

شَيِّآنٌ and شَيَّآنٌ: see art. شوأ.

أُشَيَّآءُ dim. of أَشْيَآءُ: see شَىْءٌ, in the latter part of the former half of the paragraph.

مَشِيْئَةٌ: see شِيْئَةٌ, in two places: b2: and see also شَىْءٌ, near the beginning of the paragraph.

مُشَيَّأٌ Incongruous, unsound, (K, TA,) foul, or ugly, (TA,) in make, or formation. (K, TA. [See Ham p. 192.]) b2: And accord. to Aboo-Sa'eed, A child born preposterously, the legs coming forth before the arms. (TA.)

وسع

1 وَسِعَ الإِنَآءُ المَتَاعَ [The vessel was sufficient in its capacity or dimensions, or sufficiently capacious, or large, for the goods]; and المَكَانُ القَوْمَ [the place for the company of men]. (Msb.) لَا يَسَعُكَ ان تَفْعَلَ كَذَا It is not in thy power, or proper for thee, (MA,) or allowable for thee, (Mgh, Msb,) to do such a thing. (MA, Mgh, Msb.) b2: وَسَعَ عَلَيْهِ رِزْقَهُ, aor. ـْ and ↓ أَوْسَعَهُ, and ↓ وَسَّعَهُ; He (God) made his means of subsistence ample and abundant. (Msb.) 2 وَسَّعَ He made wide, broad, spacious, roomy, or ample. b2: وَسَّعَ لَهُ فِى المَجْلِسِ He made room, or ample space, for him in the sitting-place. (S, art. فسح.) b3: [And so] فِى المَجْلِسِ ↓ تَوَاسَّعُوا They made room, or ample space, [one for another,] in the sitting-place. (S, art. فسح.) b4: وَسَّعَ عَلَيْهِ, for وَسَّعَ عَلَيْهِ رِزْقَهُ, He (God) amplified, enlarged, or made ample or plentiful, his means of subsistence; contr. of ضَيَّقَ. b5: See 1, and 4.4 أَوْسَعَهُ الشَّىْءَ [He made, or rendered, the thing ample, or free from straitness, to him;] he made the thing sufficient for him; syn. جَعَلَهُ يَسَعُهُ: (TA:) [he gave him sufficiently of the thing; or largely thereof.] b2: اَللّٰهُمَّ أَوْسِعْنَا رَحْمَتَكَ O God, make thy mercy sufficient for us; syn. اِجْعَلْهَا تَسَعُنَا. (TA.) b3: أَوْسَعَهُ أَمْرَهُ [He made, or rendered, his state, or case, or affair, ample, or free from straitness, to him]. (S, art. فرش.) See فَرَشَهُ. b4: أَوْسَعُوا لِلرَّجُلِ They made room, or ample space, for the man, in a place of standing or of sitting. (Msb, voce فَرَجَ.) b5: أَوْسَعَ عَلَيْهِ, (S, K.) and ↓ وَسَّعَ, (K,) He (God) enriched him; or rendered him free from want. (S, K.) b6: See 1.5 تَوَسَّعَ [He became, or made himself, ample, or abundant, in his circumstances; or in his means of subsistence; for توسّع فِى عَيْشِهِ;] i. q. تَرَفَّغَ. (S, in art. رفغ.) b2: تَوَسَّعَ He took a wide, an ample, or a large, range, فِى أَمْرٍ, in an affair. b3: تَوَسَّعَ فِى السَّخَآءِ (assumed tropical:) [He took a wide, or an ample range, or was profuse, in bounty, or munificence]. (S, K, in art. خرق.) b4: It expanded itself, spread out, dilated, widened. b5: He expatiated. One says, توسّع فِى الدَّارِ, and لَهُ سَاحَةٌ يتوسّع فِيهَا. (TA, voce تركّح.) b6: He strode, in walking. b7: تَوَسَّعُوا فِيهِ حَتَّى أَطْلَقُوهُ عَلَى كَذَا They extended its (a word's) signification, or amplified in respect of it, or rather, took an extended range in using it, so that they applied it to such a thing. (The lexicons, &c., passim.) b8: تَوَسَّعَ: see تَبَقَّرَ.8 اِتَّسَعَ It (a man's state, or condition, &c.) became free from straitness, or unstraitened. b2: اِتَّسَعَ عَيْشُهُ [His means, or circumstances, of life became ample, or plentiful]. (Msb, art. نعم.) b3: اِتَّسَعَ It widened, became wide, dilated, or expanded. b4: اِتَّسَعَ بَطْنُهُ His belly became wide, or distended. b5: اِتَّسَعَ لِأَمْرٍ He was capable of doing a thing. An instance occurs in the TA, voce أَوْهَبَ. b6: اِتِّسَاعُ البِئْرِ i. q.

جِرَابُهَا [The interior of the well]. (K, art. جرب.) See also 5, in art. عقد. b7: اِتَّسَعَ الخَرْقُ عَلَى الرَّاقِعِ The hole was wide to the pitcher: see خَرْقٌ. b8: اِتِّسَاعٌ Extension of the signification of a word or phrase: an amplification. (The lexicons, &c., passim.) سَعَةٌ Width; breadth; extent, or space, from side to side. See سَدِيلٌ. b2: سَعَةٌ العَيْشِ Ampleness of the means, or circumstances, of life; an unstraitened, or a plentiful, state of life. b3: سَعَةٌ [Ample scope for action, &c.: and a state in which is ample scope for action, &c.: see نَفَسٌ, and مِعْرَاضٌ:] richness, or wealthiness, or competence: and capacity, or power, or ability: (S, K:) and plentifulness and [consequently] easiness of life. (TA.) b4: سَعَةُ الصَّدْرِ i. q.

سَعَةُ الخُلُقِ. (Har, p. 194.) b5: لَكَ عَنْهُ سَعَةٌ: see رُدْحَةٌ. b6: يَجُوزُ فِى السَّعَةِ It is allowable absolutely, in other cases than those of poetical necessity. (IbrD.) وَسَاعٌ A horse wide in step: (S, K:) or i. q. جَوَادٌ. (K.) وَسِيعٌ

, pl. وِسَاعٌ: see أَرِيضء in art. أرض.

عَيْشٌ وَاسِعٌ A life ample in its means or circumstances; unstraitened, or plentiful. b2: وَاسِعٌ Having power, or ability: (Bd, iv. 129:) or rather, having ample power or ability; powerful. See Ham, p. 609. b3: نَفْسٌ وَاسِعٌ: see رَابِطٌ. b4: خُلُقٌ وَاسِعٌ (assumed tropical:) A large, or liberal, disposition: see بَارِجٌ. b5: وَاسِعُ الخُلُقِ (tropical:) Large, or liberal, in disposition. b6: وَاسِعُ الصَّدْرِ: see مَجَمٌّ. b7: وَاسِعُ الجَرْىِ (S voce سَهْبٌ, applied to a horse,) Widestepping [in running]. (So expl. in the PS.) أَوْسَعُ Wider, or widest: see 3 in art. خلط.

مُوَسَّعٌ عَلَيْهِ Amply, or abundantly, provided with the means of subsistence.

مُتَّسَعٌ Width; extent; ampleness of space, and of quantity: properly a place of width, or spaciousness. See نُفْسَةٌ and مَبْسَطٌ.

سفر

1 سَفَرَ, (S, M, A, K,) aor. ـِ inf. n. سَفْرٌ, (M, K,) He swept a house, or chamber, (S, M, A, K,) &c. (M.) b2: And He, or it, [swept away; or took away, or carried off, in every direction: and] dispersed: (M, K:) and removed, took off, or stripped off, a thing from a thing which it covered. (M * A, * K.) You say, سَفَرَتِ الرِّيحُ التُّرَابَ, and الوَرَقَ, (assumed tropical:) The wind swept away the dust, and the leaves: or too them away, or carried them off, in every direction. (M.) and سَفَرَت ِ الرِّيحُ الغَيْمَ (assumed tropical:) The wind dispersed the clouds: (M, TA:) or (assumed tropical:) removed the clouds from the face of the sky. (A, * TA.) And you say of a woman, سَفَرَتْ, (S, M, A, Mgh, K,) aor. ـِ (M,) inf. n. سُفُورٌ, (M, Mgh,) meaning She removed her veil (M, A, Mgh) عَنْ وَجْهِهَا from her face: (A, M:) and [elliptically] (M) she uncovered her face: (S, M, K:) [for] سَفَرْتُ الشَّىْءَ, [being for سفرت عَنِ الشَّىْءِ,] aor. ـِ inf. n. سَفْرٌ [or سُفُورٌ?], signifies I uncovered the thing; made it apparent, or manifest: (Mgh:) [but accord. to Mtr,] the phrase تَسْفِرُ وَجْهَهَا [meaning she uncovers her face] is of weak authority. (Mgh.) b3: Hence, i. e. from سَفَرَتْ meaning “ she uncovered her face,” (M,) سَفَرْتُ بَيْنَ القَوْمِ, (S, M, Mgh, * Msb, K,) aor. ـِ (S, Msb, K) and سَفُرَ, (K,) inf. n. سِفَارَةٌ (S, Mgh, Msb, K) and سَفَارَةٌ and سَفْرٌ, (K,) (assumed tropical:) I made peace, effected a reconciliation, or adjusted a difference, between the people; (S, Mgh, Msb, K;) because he who does so exposes what is in the mind of each party: (TA:) or I exposed what was in the mind of this and the mind of this in order to make peace, &c., between the people. (M.) [See also سِفَارَةٌ, below.] b4: [and likewise, perhaps, from سَفَرَتْ meaning “ she uncovered her face,”] سَفَرَتِ الشَّمْسُ, aor. ـِ inf. n. سَفْرٌ, (assumed tropical:) The sun rose. (Msb.) b5: See also 4, in two places. b6: سَفَرَ, (S,) Msb,) aor. ـِ (S,) or ـُ (Msb,) inf. n. سُفُورٌ, (S,) or سَفَرٌ, (Msb,) [the former of which inf. ns. perhaps indicates a radical relation to سَفَرَتْ said of a woman, and of the sun, expl. above,] He went forth to journey: (S, Msb:) this verb, however, in this sense, [which appears to have been unknown, or not acknowledged, by the authors of the M and K, (see مُسَافِرٌ,)] is obsolete; but its inf. n. سَفَرٌ is used as a simple subst. (Msb. [See 3, the verb commonly used in this sense.]) b7: [Hence, app,] سَفَرَ شَحْمُهُ (tropical:) His fat went away. (A, TA.) b8: and سَفَرَتِ الحَرْبُ (tropical:) The war declined; syn. وَلَّت. (A, K.) A2: سَفَرَ الكِتَابَ, (S, A,) aor. ـِ inf. n. سَفْرٌ, (S,) He wrote the book, or writing. (A. [See سِفْرٌ.]) A3: سَفَرَ البَعِيرَ, (S, K,) or سَفَرَهُ بِالسِّفَارِ, (M,) aor. ـِ (M, K,) inf. n. سَفْرٌ; (M;) and ↓ اسفرهُ, (Az, M, K,) inf. n. إِسْفَارٌ; (TA;) and ↓ سفّرهُ, (Kr, M, K,) inf. n. تَسْفِيرٌ; (TA;) He put the سِفَار [q. v.] upon the nose of the camel. (S, M, K.) A4: سَفَرَ اِلغَنَمَ He sold the best of the sheep, or goats. (K.) 2 سفّرهُ, inf. n. تَسْفِيرٌ, He sent him to go a journey. (K, TA.) b2: سفّر الإِبِلَ, (K,) inf. n. as above, (TA,) He pastured the camels between sunset and nightfall, and in the سَفِير, (K, TA,) i. e., the whiteness [of the sky] before night: (TA:) or he fed the camels with سَفِير [q. v.]: (so in the O:) and سفّر فَرَسَهُ, inf. n. تَسْفِيرُ, He fed his horse with سَفِير: or he kept him continually going, and trained him, in order that he might become strong to journey. (JM.) b3: سفّر النَّارَ, (K,) inf. n. as above, (TA,) He made the fire to flame, or blaze; (K, TA;) kindled it; or made it to burn, burn up, or burn brightly or fiercely, (TA.) A2: See also 1, last sentence but one.3 سَاْفَرَ [سافر is trans. and intrans.] You say, الرِّيَاحُ يُسَافِرُ بَعْضُهَا بَعْضًا [The winds vie, one with another, in sweeping the ground, effacing one another's traces]: for the east wind removes and disperses the longitudinal traces made by the west wind, and the south wind makes traces across them. (S, * K, * TA.) A2: And سافر, inf. n. مُسَافَرَةٌ (S, Msb, K) and سِفَارٌ, (S, K,) He journeyed, or went, (K,) or went forth to journey, (S, Msb,) إِلَى بَلَدِ كَذَا [to such a country, or town]. (S, K.) And سَافَرَ سَفَرًا بَعِيدًا [He journeyed, or went, a far journey]. (A, Mgh.) [See also 1.] b2: [Hence,] (assumed tropical:) He died. (K.) b3: and سَافَرَتِ الشَّمْسُ عَنْ كَبِدِ السَّمَآءِ (tropical:) [The sun declined from the middle of the sky]. (A.) b4: and سَافَرَتْ عَنْهُ الحُمَّى (tropical:) [The fever departed from him]. (A.) 4 اسفرت الشَّجَرَةُ The tree had its leaves blown off [and swept away] by the wind; (K, * TA;) they having become changed in colour, and white. (TA.) b2: And اسفر, (inf. n. إِسْفَارٌ, Mgh, Msb,) It (the dawn, or daybreak,) shone, (T, S, M, A, Mgh, Msb, K,) so that there was no doubt respecting it; (T, TA;) as also ↓ سَفَرَ, (M, K,) aor. ـِ (K,) inf. n. سَفْرٌ: (TA:) it has a special relation to colour; meaning it shone in colour. (B, TA.) b3: It (the moon) caused a shining [in the sky] before its rising. (M.) b4: (tropical:) It (a man's face) shone (S, M) [with happiness (see مُسْفِرٌ)]; or with beauty; for you say, اسفر حُسْنًا; (S;) as also ↓ سَفَرَ: (M:) or became overspread with beauty. (Msb.) b5: And He entered upon the time of dawn, or daybreak; (M;) or the time when the dawn became white. (K.) The Prophet said, أَسْفِرُوا بِالفَجْرِ, meaning Perform ye the prayer of daybreak when ye enter upon the time in which the dawn shines, or becomes white: (S, * Msb:) or when the dawn has become manifest, so that there is no doubt respecting it, every one knowing it to be the true dawn when he sees it; accord. to EshSháfi'ee and Ibn-Hambal and others: (T, TA:) or prolong ye the prayer of daybreak until ye enter upon the time when the dawn becomes white: (S, TA:) some say that it relates especially to nights in [the end of] which the moon shines, because in such the commencement of daybreak is not manifest: (TA:) or أَسْفَرَ بِالصَّلَاةِ means he performed prayer in the shining of the dawn: and the ب is for the purpose of making the verb transitive. (Mgh.) b6: اسفرت الحَرْبُ (tropical:) The war became vehement. (A, K.) A2: See also 1, last sentence but one.5 تسفّر means أَتَى بِسَفَرٍ, (O, K,) i. e. He came in [the time of] the whiteness of day [either before sunrise or after sunset]. (TA.) b2: and تسفّرت الإِبِلُ The camels pastured between sunset and nightfall, (O, K,) and in the سَفِير, (K, TA,) i. e. the whiteness [of the sky] before night. (TA. [But see 2, second sentence.]) A2: تسفّر النِسَآءَ (O, K, TA) عَنْ وُجُوهِهِنَّ (O, TA) i. q. ↓ اِسْتَسْفَرَهُنَّ, (O, K, TA,) i. e. He sought the brightest of the women in face and in beauty (TA, TK *) for marriage. (TK.) b2: And تسفّر شَيْئاً مِنْ حَاجَتِهِ (tropical:) He attained, or obtained, somewhat of the object of his want (O, K, TA) before its becoming beyond his reach. (TA.) b3: and تسفّر فُلَانًا (assumed tropical:) He sought to obtain of such a one the half (النِّصْفَ, O, K, TA [in the CK. النَّصَفَ, by which, if it be correct, may perhaps be meant what was equitable, and النِّصْفَ may bear the same interpretation,]) of a claim (تَبِعَة) that he had upon him. (O, K, TA.) A3: تسفّر الجِلْدُ The skin received, or had, a mark, or an impression: (O, K:) from سَفْرٌ meaning أَثَرٌ. (TA.) 7 انسفر الغَيْمُ (assumed tropical:) The clouds became dispersed: (M, TA:) [or] became removed from the face of the sky. (TA.) b2: انسفر مُقَدَّمُ رَأْسِهِ مِنَ الشَّعَرِ (assumed tropical:) The fore part of his head became divested of the hair. (S, K. *) b3: انسفرت الإبِلُ فِى الأَرْضِ (assumed tropical:) The camels went away into the country, or land. (M, K. *) 9 إِسْفَرَّ [اِسْفَرِّتِ الشَّمْسُ, inf. n. اِسْفِرَارٌ, app. meansThe sun became white, previously to setting.] See سَفَرٌ.10 استسفر الِنّسَآءَ: see 5.

A2: استسفرهُ He sent him as a سَفِير [q. v.]. (JM.) سَفْرٌ: see مُسَافِرٌ, in two places.

A2: Also A mark, an impression, a trace, or a vestige, (أَثَرٌ, K, TA,) remaining: (TA:) pl. سُفُورٌ. (K.) [Accord. to Freytag, it occurs in the Deewán El-Hudhaleeyeen as meaning The track, or trace, of a surge, or torrent.]

سِفْرٌ A book, or writing: (S, M:) or a great, or large, book: or a section of the Book of the Law revealed to Moses: (M, K:) or a book that discovers, or reveals, truths: (TA:) or a book is thus called because it discovers things, and makes them evident: (M:) pl. أَسْفَارٌ. (S, M.) b2: With respect to the saying of Aboo-Sakhr El-Hudhalee, زلِلَيْلَى بِذَاتِ البَيْنِ دَارٌعَرَفْتُهَا وَأُخْرَى بِذَاتِ الجَيْشِ آيَاتُهَاسِفْرُ Skr says, [the poet means,] the marks, or traces, thereof had become effaced: [accordingly, the verse may be rendered, To Leylà there was in Dhát-el-Beyn an abode that I knew, and another in Dhát-el-Jeysh whereof the marks, or traces, are effaced:] IJ says, [app. holding the meaning to be, the marks, or traces, whereof are (like those of) an ancient book, such as a portion of the Mosaic Law,] the last word should be from the phrase سَفَرْتُ البَيْتَ, i. e. “ I swept the house, or chamber; ” as though the writing were swept off from the طِرْس [or “ written paper ” or the like, to which the poet seems to compare the site of the abode in Dhát-el-Jeysh]. (M, TA.) سَفَرٌ Journey, or travel; the act of journeying or travelling; (S, A, K;) contr. of حَضَرٌ: (M, K:) thus called because of the going and coming in it, like the going and coming of the wind sweeping away fallen leaves: (M:) or the act of going forth to journey; an inf. n. used as a simple subst.: (Msb:) [therefore] the pl. is أسْفَارٌ: (S, M, A, Msb, K:) [and therefore it is often used as a n. un.; but, properly speaking, the n. un. is ↓ سَفْرَةٌ:] you say, كَانَتْ سَفْرَتُهُ قَرِيبَةً [His journey was near]: and the pl. of سَفْرَةٌ, accord. to rule, is سَفَرَاتٌ. (Msb.) In law, [as relating to the obligation of fasting &c.,] The going forth with the intention of performing a journey of three days and nights, or more. (KT.) A2: Also The whiteness of dawn or daybreak: (A:) or the whiteness of the day: (S, M:) and i. q. صَبَاحٌ [dawn, or morning, or forenoon; but app. here used in the first of these senses]: (M:) and ↓ سَفِيرٌ, the whiteness [of the sky] before night: (A, TA:) or the former, the remains of the whiteness of day after sunset. (K.) You say سَفَرًا i. e. صَبَاحًا [app. as meaning In the dawn]. (A.) And the prose-rhymer says, إِذَا طَلَعَتِ الشِّعْرَى سَفَرًا لَمْ تَرَفِيهَا مَطَرًا (S, * TA) i. e. When Sirius rises in the whiteness of day [meaning in the clear twilight of morning, thou seest not then rain: for Sirius rises aurorally, in Arabia, in the middle and the latter half of July, when rain scarcely ever falls there]. (S. [Accord. to the TA, the meaning, app. taken without consideration from one of the foregoing explanations of سَفَرٌ, is, when Sirius rises at nightfall: but this is during the usual winter-rains.]) You say also, لَقِيتُهُ سَفَرًا, and فِى سَفَرٍ, meaning ↓ عِنْدَاسْفِرَارِ الشَّمْسِ لِلغُرُوبِ, thus related, with س [in the word اسفرار (not with ص), and app. meaning I met him when the sun was becoming white, previously to the setting]. (M.) And بَقِىَ سَفَرٌ مِنْ نَهَارٍ [There remained a white gleam of daylight]. (A.) سَفْرَةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

سُفْرَةٌ The food of the traveller; (M, K;) the food that is prepared for the traveller, (S, Msb,) or for a journey: (TA:) pl. َسُفَرٌ. (Msb.) This is the primary signification. (TA.) You say, أَكَلُوا السُّفْرَةَ They ate the food for the journey. (A.) b2: Hence, (tropical:) The receptacle thereof; (TA;) the piece of skin in which it is put. (S, * M, * Msb, K, * TA.) [This is commonly of a round form, with a running string; so that it is converted into a bag to contain the food, at one time, and at another time is spread flat upon the ground, when persons want to eat upon it.] b3: And hence, (tropical:) The thing [whatever it be] upon which one eats: (TA:) [in the desert, it is generally a round piece of skin, such as I have described above: in the towns, in the houses of the middle classes, a round tray of tinned copper, which is usually placed on a low stool; and in the dwellings of some of the highest classes, and the lowest, respectively, of silver and wood:] accord. to the T, سُفْرَةٌ has the last of the significations given before this, and the thing which it denotes is thus called because it is spread when one eats upon it. (TA.) سِفَارٌ (Lh, S, M, K) and ↓ سِفَارَةٌ (Lh, M) A piece of iron, (S, M, K,) or a cord, (M,) or a piece of skin, (K,) that is put over the nose [and jaws] of a camel, in the place of the حَكَمَة [q. v.] (Lh, S, M, K) of the horse: (S, K:) or a cord that is attached to the خِطَام [q. v.] of a camel, a part being twisted round it, and the rest being made a rein: and sometimes it is of iron: (Lth:) pl. [of pauc., of the former,] أَسْفِرَةٌ (M, K) and [of mult.] سُفُرٌ (S, M, K) and [of either] سَفَائِرُ. (M, K.) سَفِيرٌ Leaves which the wind sweeps away; (M;) leaves which fall from trees (S, A, K) and which the wind sweeps away, (A,) or because the wind sweeps them away: (S:) or leaves of herbs; because the wind sweeps them away: (T, TA:) or what have fallen of the leaves of trees and of the lower portions of seed-produce. (JM.) A2: Also A messenger: (S:) and (assumed tropical:) a mediator; or a man who makes peace, effects a reconciliation, or adjusts a difference, between a people; (S, M, Msb;) as also ↓ سَافِرٌ: (Msb:) or a messenger who makes peace, &c.: (T, Mgh, TA:) [see 1:] pl. of the former سُفَرَآءُ, (S, M, Mgh,) and of the latter سَفَرَةٌ. (Har p. 255. [See also سِفَارَةٌ, below.]) b2: And (assumed tropical:) A commissioned agent, a factor, or a deputy; and the like: pl. as above: app. so called because he discovers, and makes manifest, the affair in which he acts as a substitute for another person. (Msb.) A3: See also سَفَرٌ.

سُفَارَةٌ Sweepings. (S, M, K.) سِفَارَةٌ an inf. n. of سَفَرَ in the phrase سَفَرَ بَيْنَ القَوْمِ [q. v.]. (S, Mgh, Msb, K.) [And hence, The office of the سَفِير (q. v.). See also De Sacy's Chrest. Ar., sec. ed., i. 126 and 172: and Quatremère's Hist. des Sultans Mamlouks, i. 193.]

A2: Also The falling of one's hair from [above] his forehead. (Sgh, TA.) A3: See also سِفَارٌ.

سَافِرٌ [act. part. n. of 1:] A woman having her face uncovered: (S, M, Mgh, K:) pl. سَوَافِرُ. (TA.) b2: And a horse (assumed tropical:) having little flesh: (K:) or so سَافِرُ اللَّحْمِ, a phrase used by Ibn-Mukbil. (TA.) b3: See also سَفِيرٌ. b4: And see مُسَافِرٌ, in two places.

A2: Also A writer; a scribe: (Akh, S, M, K:) in the Nabathæan language سَافِرَا: (M:) pl. سَفَرَةٌ: (Akh, S, M, K:) which is also applied to the angels who register actions. (M, K.) تَسْفِيرَةٌ: see مِسْفَرَةٌ.

مَسْفَرٌ sing. of مَسَافِرُ, (A,) which signifies The part that appears [or parts that appear] of the face. (S, A, * K.) b2: [Also, or مَسْفِرٌ, A place of journeying or travelling: in which sense, likewise, its pl. is مَسَافِرُ.] One says, بَيْنِى وَبَيْنَهُ مَسَافِرُ بَعِيدَةٌ [Between me and him, or it, are farextending tracts to be travelled]. (A.) مُسْفِرٌ [act. part. n. of 4, q. v.:] (tropical:) A face shining (A, TA) with happiness. (A.) b2: النَّاقَةُ المُسْفِرَةُ الحُمْرَةِ [in the CK (erroneously) الحُمْرَةُ] means (assumed tropical:) [The she-camel] that is somewhat above such as is termed صَهْبَآء [in respect of redness]. (O, K, TA.) مِسْفَرٌ: see مِسْفَرَةٌ. b2: Also A man (TA) that journeys, or travels, much; (K;) and so ↓ مِسْفَارٌ: (A:) or that journeys, or travels, much, and is strong for journeying: (M:) and, applied to a camel, (S, M, A,) strong for journeying; (S, M, A, K;) fem. with ة, (S, M, K,) applied to a she-camel, (S, M,) as also ↓ مِسْفَارٌ, thus applied. (M.) مِسْفَرَةٌ A broom; a thing with which one sweeps; (S, M, K;) as also ↓ مِسْفَرٌ, and ↓ تَسْفِيرَةٌ, of which last, (expl. by مَا يُسْفَرُ بِهِ,) the pl. is تَسَافِيرُ. (TA.) مُسَفِّرٌ i. q. مُجَلِّدٌ [i. e. One who binds books (أَسْفَار, pl. of سِفْرٌ), or covers them with leather]. (A, TA.) مِسْفَارٌ: see مِسْفَرٌ, in two places.

مَسْفُورٌ Distressed, or fatigued, by journeying or travel. (TA.) مُسَافِرٌ A man journeying, or travelling; a traveller; a wayfarer; (S, M, K;) as also ↓ سَافِرٌ; (M, * K;) which latter is [said to be] not a part. n., but [a possessive epithet] meaning ذُو سَفَرٍ, (M,) having no verb belonging to it (M, K) that we have seen; (M;) or it is from سَفَرَ, and signifies going forth on a journey: (S, Msb:) pl. of the former مُسَافِرُونَ, (S,) and of the latter سُفَّارٌ (S, M, A, Msb, K) and أَسْفَارٌ (M, K) and سُفَّرٌ; (TA;) and you also say ↓ قَوْمٌ سَافِرَةٌ [fem. of سَافِرٌ], (S, * M, Msb, K,) and ↓ قَوْمٌ سَفْرٌ, (S, M, A, Msb, K,) [سَفْرٌ being a quasi-pl. n.,] like صَحْبٌ in relation to صَاحِبْ: (S, Mgh, Msb:) and ↓ سَفْرٌ is also used as a sing., (M, K,) being originally an inf. n. (TA.) b2: مُسَافِرَةٌ is used by Zuheyr as a name for A [wild] cow. (M, TA.)

طرو

1 طَرُوَ, [aor. ـْ (Ktr, S, Mgh, Msb, K,) and طَرِىَ, [aor. ـْ (Ktr, S, K,) inf. n. طَرَاوَةٌ (Ktr, S, Mgh, Msb, K) and طَرَآءَةٌ (S, K,) and طَرَاةٌ, (TA, and so in some copies of the S and of the K,) like حَصَاةٌ, (TA,) and طَرَآءٌ, (so in some copies of the K,) or طَرًا, (TA as from the K,) with the shortened alif, (TA,) [the last agreeable with analogy as inf. n. of طَرِىَ,] said of a thing, (Mgh, Msb,) or of flesh-meat, (Ktr, S,) It was, or became, fresh, juicy, or moist: (Ktr, S, Msb, K:) and طَرُؤَ signifies the same; (Mgh, Msb;) but طَرُوَ is more common. (TA in art. طرأ.) b2: And طَرِىَ signifies also تَجَدَّدَ [It became new; was newly made or done; or was renewed]. (TA.) A2: طَرَا, [aor. ـْ inf. n. طُرُوٌّ, (K,) or, as written in the M, طَرْوٌ, (TA,) He came from a distant place: (K:) you say طَرَا عَلَيْهِمْ he came, or, accord. to Lth, he came forth, upon them from a distant place: or, accord. to Az, he came upon them without their knowledge: it is a dial. var. of طَرَأَ [q. v.]. (TA.) b2: and طَرَا signifies also مَضَى [He went, or went away, &c.]. (TA.) b3: And طَرِىَ, aor. ـْ (IAar, K,) in which, accord. to the K, the last radical letter is ى, [not و changed into ى by reason of the kesreh before it,] but ISd says that there in no word of which the radical letters are ط and ر and ى, (TA,) He advanced, or came forward: or he passed, passed by, went, or went away. (IAar, K, * TA.) 2 طرّاهُ, inf. n. تَطْرِيَةٌ, He rendered it fresh, juicy, or moist. (K.) You say, طَرَّيْتُ الثَّوْبَ inf. n. as above, (S,) [app. meaning I refreshed, or I moistened, the garment, or piece of cloth.] b2: And طرّى, (K,) inf. n. as above, (TA,) He rendered perfume fragrant [as though he refreshed it] by admixtures; (K, TA;) and aloes-wood with [other] perfume, or ambergris, or some other thing: (Az, TA:) and in like manner, food, (K, TA,) by mixing it with aromatics. (TA.) b3: And He plastered, or coated, a building with clay, or mud: of the dial. of Mekkeh. (Z, TA.) 4 اطراهُ He praised him; thus in the S, and in like manner expl. by Zbd and IKtt; (TA;) and thus اطرأهُ [with ء] is expl. by Es-Sarakustee: (Msb:) he eulogized, or commended, him; (K;) thus in the M; (TA;) and thus it is expl. by Es-Sarakustee: (Msb:) or he praised him renewing the mention of him: (Er-Rághib, TA:) or he praised him exceedingly: (AA, TA:) or he praised him for the best of the qualities that he possessed; (Msb, TA;) thus expl. by IF, and in like manner by Z: (TA:) or he praised him for that which was not in him: (Az, TA:) or he praised him greatly, or extravagantly; exceeded the just, or usual, bounds in praising him: (Msb:) or, accord. to Hr and IAth, he exceeded the just, or usual bounds in praising him, and lied therein. (TA.) b2: And اطرى العَسَلَ He made the honey to thicken, or coagulate. (S, Msb, TA.) 12 اِطْرَوْرَى, (K, TA,) inf. n. اِطْرِيرَآءٌ, (TA,) He suffered from indigestion, or heaviness of the stomach, (K, TA,) in consequence of much eating, (TA,) and became inflated in his belly: (K, TA:) and so اِظْرَوْرَى: thus correctly; but mentioned by J and IKtt as with ض. (TA.) [See also Q. Q. 3 in art. طر.]

الطَّرَا [without the article طَرًا] What is not of the nature of the earth; (K;) or whatever is upon the surface of the earth, of such things as are not of the nature of the earth, consisting of pebbles; or small pebbles; [and the like;] and dust and the like: (TA:) and, (K, TA,) as some say, (TA,) the sorts of created things whereof the number cannot be reckoned; (K, TA;) or any created things whereof the number and the sorts cannot be reckoned. (TA.) One says, هُمْ أَكْثَرُ مِنَ الطَّرَى وَالثَّرَى [or الطَّرَا والَثَّرَا i. e. They are more in number, or quantity, than the pebbles, &c., and than the moist earth]. (TA.) طَرِىٌّ Fresh, juicy, or moist: (S, Msb, K, TA:) and طَرِىْءٌ is a dial. var. thereof. (Msb.) It is expl. as meaning thus in the Kur [xvi. 44 and] xxxv. 13 [as an epithet applied to the flesh of fish]. (TA.) And الطَّرِيَّانِ [used as a subst.] means Fish and fresh ripe dates. (A, TA.) b2: Also Strange, or a stranger; syn. غَرِيبٌ: and AA has mentioned ↓ رَجُلٌ طَارِىٌّ, [said to be] with teshdeed, [otherwise I should think it might be a mistranscription for طَارِئٌ,] as meaning a man that is a stranger. (TA.) طِرِيَّانٌ, with two kesrehs, and with the ى musheddedeh, The خِوَان [or table] upon which one eats; thus accord. to ISk: or, accord. to IAar, the طَبَق [i. e. dish, or plate]: occurring in a trad.; as some relate it, thus; and as others relate it, طِرِّيَان, with the ر musheddedeh, like صِلِّيَان; [and thus it is mentioned in the O and K in art. طر;] but Fr says that this latter is of the dial. of the vulgar. (TA.) طَارِىٌّ: see طَرِىٌّ.

إِطْرِيَةٌ A sort of food, called in Pers\. لَا خِشَهْ; (S;) [i. e.] a certain food, like threads, made of flour; (K, TA;) an explanation necessarily implying that it is what is called in Egypt غَزْلُ البَنَاتِ: accord. to Sh, a thing made of softened starch; and said by Lth to be a food made by the people of Syria; a word having no n. un.; and what these two say indicates that it is what is called كُنَافَة: Lth and Z mention the word as pronounced also with fet-h; but Az says that the pronunciation with fet-h is incorrect. (TA.) أُطْرُوَانٌ The first stage, and the quickness, (غُلَوَآء, in the CK [erroneously] غُلُوّ,) of youth: (K, TA:) like عُنْفُوَانٌ in measure and in meaning. (TA.) One says also, ↓ لِكُلِّ شَىْءٍ أُطْرُوَانِيَّةٌ i. e. [To everything there is] a state of youthfulness. (TA.) أُطْرُوَانِيَّةٌ: see what next precedes.

عُودٌ مُطَرًّى [Aloes-wood] such as is termed مُطَيَّرٌ, with which one fumigates himself: (S, TA:) and أَلْوَةٌ مُطَرَّاةٌ [signifies the same, i. e. aloes-wood] rendered fragrant [as though refreshed] by the admixture of [other] perfume, or of ambergris, or some other thing: المُطَرَّاةُ is said by Lth to mean a sort of perfume. (TA.) And غِسْلَةٌ مُطَرَّاةٌ A preparation for washing the head or hand, compounded with aromatics. (S, TA.) b2: and one says, هُوَ مُطَرًّى فِى نَفْسِهِ, meaning مُتَجَبِّرٌ [i. e. (assumed tropical:) He is restored to a good state, or condition, of body, or of property]. (TA.)