قد

1 قَدَّهُ, aor. ـُ (S, M, O, L, Msb,) inf. n. قَدٌّ; (S, M, A, O, L, Msb, K;) and ↓ قدّدهُ, (M, L,) [but this app. has an intensive signification, or denotes repetition of the action, or its relation to several objects,] inf. n. تَقْدِيدٌ; (L, K;) and ↓ اقتدّهُ, (M, L,) inf. n. اِقْتِدَادٌ; (K;) He cut it in an enlongated form; or lengthwise: (IDrd, M, L, K:) or slit, split, clave, rent, or divided, it, (namely, a thong, &c., S, O, L, and a garment, or piece of cloth, L,) lengthwise: (S, M, A, O, L, Msb, K:) and he cut it off entirely: (M, L, K:) or he cut it, or cut it off, in an absolute sense: (TA:) he cut it, namely, a skin: and he rent it, namely, a garment, or piece of cloth, or the like. (L.) One says, ضَرَبَهُ بِالسَّيْفِ فَقَدَّهُ بِنِصْفَيْنِ [He smote him with the sword and clave him in halves,] (L, Msb, *) or قَدَّهُ نِصْفَيْنِ. (A.) And قَدَّ القَلَمَ وَقَطَّهُ [He slit the writing-reed, and nibbed it, or cut off its point breadthwise, or crosswise]: (A, TA:) [for] قَطَّهُ is opposed to قَدَّهُ: (S and TA in art. قط:) and both of these verbs occur in a trad. describing 'Alee's different modes of cutting [with the sword] when contracting himself and when stretching himself up. (TA.) b2: And [hence] قَدَّ, (S, M, A, L,) inf. n. قَدٌّ, (M, L, K,) (tropical:) He clave, cut through by journeying, or passed through, the desert, (S, M, A, O, L, K,) and the night. (M, L) b3: and قَدَّ بِهِ الطَّرِيقُ, (so in a copy of the M,) or قَدَّتْهُ الطَّرِيقُ, (so in the L and TA,) aor. and inf. n. as above, (M, L, TA,) i. q. قَطَعَهُ (M) or قَطَعَتْهُ (L, TA) (tropical:) [The road cut him off, app. from his companions, or from the object of his journey: compare قَطَعَ بِهِ and قُطِعَ بِهِ]. b4: And قَدَّ الكَلَامَ, (M, L,) inf. n. as above, (M, L, K,) i. q. قَطَعَهُ (M, L, K *) and شَقَّهُ (M, L) [both of which explanations may here mean, as قَطَعَ الكَلَامَ generally does, (assumed tropical:) He cut short, or broke off, the speech; or ceased from speaking: or both may here mean, as قَطَعَ الكَلَامَ sometimes does, he articulated speech, or the speech: compare this latter rendering with an explanation of شَقَّقَ الكَلَامَ]. b5: [قَدَّهُ also signifies He cut it out, or shaped it, in any manner, whether lengthwise or otherwise; like قَتَّهُ: see this latter, and a verse cited as an ex. of its inf. n.: and see also a saying near the end of the first paragraph of art. فرى. Hence] قُدَّ فُلَانٌ قَدَّ السَّيْفِ [Such a one was shaped with the shaping of the sword] means (tropical:) such a one was made goodly, or beautiful, in respect of التَّقْطِيع [i. e. conformation, or proportion, &c., like as is the sword]. (S, O, L, TA.) [See also قَدٌّ, below.] b6: And قُدّ means also (assumed tropical:) He suffered a pain [app. what may be termed a cutting pain] in the belly, called قُدَاد. (M, L, K.) 2 قَدَّّ see 1, first sentence. b2: [Hence,] قدّد, (as implied in the L,) or قدّد اللَّحْمَ, (A, O, *) inf. n. تَقْدِيدٌ, (O, L,) He made قَدِيد [i. e. he cut flesh-meat into strips, or oblong pieces, and spread them in the sun, or salted them and spread them in the sun, to dry]. (L.) A2: قدّد عَلَيهِ, said of a garment, It fitted him, or suited him, in size and length. (L, from a trad.) 4 اقدّ عَلَيْهِ, said of food, (assumed tropical:) It occasioned him a pain in the belly, termed قُدَاد. (IKtt, TA.) 5 تَقَدَّّ see 7. b2: تقدّد said of a garment, or piece of cloth, It was, or became, much slit or rent. or ragged, or tattered, (O, K, TA,) and old and worn out. (TA.) b3: And, said of flesh-meat, quasi-pass. of 2, [i. e. It was, or became, cut into strips, or oblong pieces, and spread in the sun, or salted and spread in the sun, and so dried.]. (O.) b4: And, said of a company of men (قَوْمٌ), It became separated (S, M, O, L, K) into قِدَد [or parties, &c., pl. of قِدَّةٌ, q. v.]. (M, L.) b5: Also, said of a thing, (TA,) [perhaps from the same v. said of flesh-meat,] It was, or became, dry; or it dried, or dried up. (K, TA.) b6: And تقدّدت said of a she-camel, She became somewhat lean (O, K) after having been fat: (O:) or she became fat, (TA,) or began to become fat, after having been lean. (K, TA.) 7 انقدّ, (S, M, A, O, L, Msb, K,) and ↓ تقدّد, (M, L, K,) [but the latter app. has an intensive signification, or is said of a number of things,] the former said of a skin, and of a garment, or piece of cloth, (A,) not said of aught except some such thing as a bag for travelling-provisions and for goods or utensils &c., and such as clothing, (O,) It became cut in an elongated form; or lengthwise: (L, K:) or became slit, split, cloven, rent, or divided, lengthwise: (S, M, A, O, L, Msb, K:) or became cut off entirely: (M, L, K:) or became cut, or cut off. (TA.) 8 إِقْتَدَ3َ see 1, first sentence. b2: اقتدّ الأُمُورَ means (tropical:) He considered the affairs, forcasting their issues, or results, and discriminated them: (S, O, K:) or he devised the affairs, and considered what would be their issues, or results. (M.) 10 استقدّ (tropical:) It contained, or continued in one manner, or state. (Ibn-'Abbád, A, O, K,) لَهُ to him. (A.) And (assumed tropical:) It (an affair, TA) was, or became, uniform, or even in its tenour. (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K, TA.) And استقدّت الإِبِلُ (assumed tropical:) The camels went on undeviatingly, in one course, way, or manner: (O, K:) so says AA. (O.) قَدْ is a noun and a particle: (S, O, Mughnee, K:) and as a noun it is used in two ways. (Mughnee, K.) b2: (I) It is a noun syn. with حَسْبُ; (S, O, Mughnee, K;) generally used indeclinably; (Mughnee, K;) thus accord. to the Basrees; with the د quiescent; (TA;) because resembling قَدْ the particle in respect of the letters composing it, and many other particles in respect of its form, (Mughnee, TA,) such as عَنْ and بَلْ &c.: (TA:) one says, قَدْ زَيْدٍ دِرْهَمٌ [The sufficiency of Zeyd (i. e. what is sufficient for Zeyd) is a dirhem], (Mughnee, K,) with the د quiescent; (Mughnee, * K, * TA;) and قَدِى (S, O) and قَدْنِى (S, O, Mughnee) [both] meaning حَسْبِى [My sufficiency (i. e. what is sufficient for me)]; (S, O;) the ن in قَدْنِى being inserted in order to preserve the quiescence [of the final letter of the noun] because this is the original characteristic of what they make indeclinable; (Mughnee;) but the insertion of the ن in this case is anomalous, for it is [by rule] only added in verbs, by way of precaution, [to prevent the confusion of the pronominal affix of the verb and that of the noun,] as in ضَرَبَنِى: (S, O:) [see, however, in the next sentence, an explanation of قَدْنِى accord. to which the ن is inserted regularly:] accord. to Yaakoob, using قَدْ in the sense of حَسْبُ, one says, مَا لَكَ عِنْدِى إِلَّا هٰذَا فَقَدْ i. e. فَقَطْ [There is nothing for thee with me, or nothing due to thee in my possession, except this, and it is a thing sufficient, or it is enough, فَقَطْ being held to signify properly فَحَسْبُ, but it is commonly used as meaning and no more]; and he asserts it [i. e. قَدْ] to be a substitute [for قَطْ]: (M:) and it is also used declinably; (Mughnee, K;) thus accord. to the Koofees; (TA;) but this is rare: (Mughnee:) one says قَدُ زَيْدٍ, making it marfooa, (Mughnee, K,) like as one says حَسْبُهُ; and قَدِى without ن [as mentioned above,] like as one says حَسْبِى. (Mughnee.) b3: (2) It is also a verbal noun, syn. with يَكْفِى: one says, قَدْ زَيْدًا دِرْهَمٌ [A dirhem suffices, or will suffice, Zeyd], and قَدْنِى دِرْهَمٌ [A dirhem suffices, or will suffice, me]; (Mughnee, K;) like as one says يَكْفِى زَيْدًا دِرْهَمٌ, and يَكْفِيْنِى دِرْهَمٌ. (Mughnee, K. *) A2: As a particle, it is used peculiarly with a verb, (Mughnee, K,) [i. e.] as such it is not preposed to anything except a verb, (S, O,) either a pret. or an aor. , (TA,) from which it is not separated unless by an oath, (Mughnee,) such as is perfectly inflected, enunciative, (Mughnee, K,) not an imperative, (TA,) affirmative, and free from anything that would render it mejzoom or man-soob, and from what is termed حَرْف تَنْفِيس [i. e.

سَوْفُ and its variants]: and it has six meanings. (Mughnee, K.) b2: (1) It denotes expectation: (M, Mughnee, K:) and when it is with an aor. , this is evident; (Mughnee;) one says قَدْ يَقْدَمُ الغَائِبُ, (Mughnee, K,) meaning It is expected that the absent will come: (TA:) and most affirm that it is thus used with a pret.: (Mughnee:) accord. to some, (M,) it is used in reply to the saying لَمَّا يَفْعَلْ [i. e. “ He has not yet done ” such a thing, which implies expectation that he would do it]; (S, M, O;) the reply being, قَدْفَعَلَ [Already he has done the thing]: (M:) and Kh asserts that it is used in reply to persons expecting information; (S, M, * O, Mughnee;) [for to such] you say, قَدْ مَاتَ فَلَانٌ [Already such a one has died]; but if one inform him who does not expect it, he does not say thus, but he says [merely] مَاتَ فُلَانٌ: (S, O:) thus some say قَدْ رَكِبَ الأَمِيرُ [Already the commander has mounted his horse] to him who expects his mounting: some, however, disallow that قَدْ is used to denote expectation with the pret. because the pret. denotes what is already past; and hence it appears that those who affirm it to be so used mean that the pret. denotes what was expected before the information: (Mughnee: [in which it is added, with some other observations, that, in the opinion of its author, it does not denote expectation even with the aor. ; because the saying يَقْدَمُ الغَئِبُ denotes expectation without قَدْ:]) MF says, What we have been orally taught by the sheykhs in ElAndalus is this, that it is a particle denoting the affirmation of truth, or certainty, when it occurs before a pret., and a particle denoting expectation when it occurs before a future. (TA.) b3: (2) It denotes the nearness of the past to the present: (O, Mughnee, K:) so in the saying قَدْ قَامَ زَيْدٌ [Zeyd has just, or just now, stood; a meaning often intended by saying merely, has stood]; (Mughnee, K;) for this phrase without قد may mean the near past and the remote past; (Mughnee;) and so in the saying of the muëdhdhin, قَدْ قَامَتِ الصَّلَاةُ [The time of the rising to prayer has just come, or simply has come]: (O:) [and, when thus used, it is often immediately preceded by the pret. or aor. of the verb كَانَ; thus you say, كَانَ قَدْ ذَهَبَ He had just, or simply had, gone away; and يَكُونُ قَدْ ذَهَبَ He will, or shall, have just, or simply have gone away:] and accord. to the Basrees, except Akh, it must be either expressed or understood immediately before a pret. used as a denotative of state; as in [the saying in the Kur ii. 247,] وَمَا لَنَا أَلَّا نُقَاتِلُ فِى سَبِيلِ اللّٰهِ وَقَدْ أُخْرِجْنَا مِنْ دِيَارِنَا وَأَبْنَائِنَا [And what reason have we that we should not fight in the cause of God when we have been expelled from our abodes and our children?]; and in [the saying in the Kur iv. 92,] أَوْ جَاؤُوكُمْ حَصِرَتْ صُدُورُهُمْ أنْ يُقَاتِلُوكَمْ [Or who come to you, their bosoms being contracted so that they are incapable of fighting you, or their bosoms shrinking from fighting you]; but the Koofees and Akh says that this is not required, because of the frequent occurrence of the pret. as a denotative of state without قَدْ, and [because] the primary rule is that there should be no meaning, or making, anything to be understood, more especially in the case of that which is in frequent use: (Mughnee:) Sb [however] does not allow the use of the pret. as a denotative of state without قَدْ; and he makes حصرت صدورهم to be an imprecation [meaning may their bosoms become contracted]: (S in art. حصر; in which art. in the present work see more on this subject:) and the inceptive لَ is prefixed to it like of the saying, إِنَّ زَيْدًا لَقَدْ قَامَ [Verily Zeyd has just stood, or has stood]; because the primary rule is that it is to be prefixed to the noun, and it is prefixed to the aor. because it resembles the noun, and when the pret. denotes a time near to the present it resembles the aor. and therefore it is allowable to prefix it thereto. (Mughnee.) [See also the two sentences next after what is mentioned below as the sixth meaning.] b4: (3) It denotes rareness, or paucity; (Mughnee, K;) either of the act signified by the verb, (Mughnee,) as in [the saying], قَدْ يَصْدُقُ الكَذُوبُ [In some few instances the habitual liar speaks truth]; (Mughnee, K;) or of what is dependent upon that act, as in [the saying in the Kur xxiv. last verse,] قَدْ يَعْلَمُ مَا

أَنْتُمْ عَلَيْهِ [as though] meaning أَنَّ مَا هُمْ عَلَيْهِ هُوَ

أَقَلُّ مَعْلُومَاتِهِ [so that it should be rendered At least He knoweth that state of conduct and mind to which ye are conforming yourselves]: but some assert that in these exs. and the like thereof it denotes the affirmation of truth, or certainty; [as will be shown hereafter;] and that the denoting of rareness, or paucity, in the former ex. is not inferred from قَدْ, but from the saying الكَذُوبُ يَصْدُقٌ. (Mughnee.) b5: (4) It denotes frequency; (Mughnee, K;) [i. e.] sometimes (S, O) it is used as syn. with رُبَّمَا [as denoting frequency, as well as with رُبَّمَا in the contr. sense, mentioned in the next preceding sentence]: (S, M, O:) thus in the saying (S, M, O, Mughnee, K) of the Hudhalee, (M, Mughnee,) or 'Abeed Ibn-El-Abras, (IB, TA,) قَدْ أَتْرُكُ القِرْنَ مُصْفَرًّا أَنَامِلُهُ [Often I leave the antagonist having his fingers' ends become yellow]. (S, M, O, Mughnee, K.) b6: (5) It denotes the affirmation of truth, or certainty: thus in [the saying in the Kur xci. 9,] قَدْ أَفْلَحَ مَنْ زَكَّاهَا [Verily, or certainly, or indeed, or really, he prospereth, or will prosper, who purifieth it; (namely, his soul;) each pret. here occupying the place of a mejzoom aor. ]: (Mughnee, K:) and thus accord. to some in [the saying in the Kur xxiv. last verse, of which another explanation has been given above,] قَدْ يَعْلَمُ مَا أَنْتُمْ عَلَيْهِ [Verily, or certainly, &c., He knoweth that state of conduct and mind to which ye are conforming yourselves]. (Mughnee.) b7: (6) It denotes negation, (Mughnee, K,) accord. to ISd, (Mughnee,) occupying the place of مَا, (M,) in the saying, قَدْ كُنْتَ فِى خَيْرٍ فَتَعْرِفَهُ, (M, Mughnee, K,) with تعرف mansoob, [as though meaning Thou wast not in prosperity, that thou shouldst know it,] (Mughnee, K,) heard from one of the chaste in speech: (M:) but this is strange. (Mughnee.) b8: [When it is used to denote the nearness of the past to the present, as appears to be indicated by the context in the O,] قَدْ may be separated from the verb by an oath; as in قَدْ وَاللّٰهِ أَحْسَنْتَ [Thou hast, by God, done well] and قَدْ لَعَمْرِى بِتُّ سَاهِرًا [I have, by my life, or by my religion, passed the night sleepless]. (O, Mughnee. [In the latter, this and what here next follows are mentioned before the explanations of the meanings of the particle; probably because the meaning in these cases can hardly be mistaken.]) And the verb may be suppressed after it, (M, * O, Mughnee,) when its meaning is apprehended, (O,) or because of an indication; (Mughnee;) as in the saying of En-Nábighah (M, O, Mughnee) Edh-Dhubyánee, (O,) أَفِدَ التَّرَحُّلُ غَيْرَ أَنَّ رِكَابَنَا لَمَّا تَزُلْ بِرِحَالِنَا وَكَأَنْ قَدِ [The time of departure has drawn near, though the camels that we ride have not left with our utensils and apparatus for travelling, but it is as though they had (left)]; meaning كَأَنْ قَدْ زَالَتْ. (M, O, Mughnee.) b9: If you make قَدْ an اِسْم [i. e. a subst. or a proper name], you characterize it by teshdeed: therefore you say, كَتَبْتُ قَدًّا حَسَنَةً [I wrote a beautiful قد]; and so you do in the case of كَىْ and هُوَ and لَوْ; because these words have no indication of what is deficient in them [supposing them to be originally of three radical letters], therefore it is requisite to add to the last letter of each what is of the same kind as it, and this is incorporated into it: but not in the case of ا; for in this case you add ء; thus if you name a man لَا, or مَا, and then add at the end of it ا, you make it ء; for you make the second ا movent, and ا when movent becomes ء: (S, O:) so says J, [and Sgh has followed him in the O,] and such is the opinion of Akh and of a number of the grammarians of El-Basrah [and of El-Koofeh (MF)], and F has quoted this passage in the B and left it uncontradicted: but IB says, (TA,) [and after him F in the K,] this is a mistake: that only is characterized by teshdeed of which the last letter is infirm: you say, for هُوَ, (IB, K,) used as the name of a man, (IB,) هُوٌّ, (IB, K,) and for لَوْ you say لَوٌّ, and for فِى you say فِىٌّ; (IB;) and such is characterized by teshdeed only in order that the word may not be reduced to one letter on account of the quiescence of the infirm letter [which would disappear] with tenween [as it does in دَمٌ and يَدٌ &c.]: (K:) but as to قَدْ, if you use it as a name, you say قَدٌ; (IB, K;) and for مَنْ you say مَنٌ, and for عَنْ you say عَنٌ; (K;) like يَدٌ (IB, K) and دَمٌ &c.: (K:) F, however, [following IB,] is wrong in calling J's statement a mistake; though the rule given by him [and IB] is generally preferred. (MF, TA.) قَدٌّ The skin of a lamb or kid: (M, A, L, Msb, K:) or [only] of a kid: (S, O, L:) or, accord. to IDrd, a small skin, but of what kind he does not say: (M, L:) pl. (of pauc., S) أَقُدٌّ and (of mult., S) قِدَادٌ (ISk, S, M, L, Msb, K) and [of pauc. also] أَقِدَّةٌ, which is extr. (M, L.) Hence the saying, ↓ فُلَانٌ مَا يَعْرِفُ القَدَّ مِنَ القِدِّ Such a one knows not the skin of a lamb, or kid, from the thong. (A.) And hence, (O, K,) it is said in a prov., (S, M, A, O,) مَا يَجْمَلُ قَدَّكَ إِلَى أَدِيمِكَ (S, M, A, O, K) What approximates thy skin of a lamb, or kid, to thy hide [of a full-grown beast]? meaning, accord. to Th, (assumed tropical:) what makes the great to be like the little? (M: [or the little to be like the great?]) or meaning what induces thee to make thy small affair [appear] great? (S:) or what approximates thy small [affair] to thy great? (O, K:) applied to him who transgresses his proper limit; (M, O, K;) and to him who compares the contemptible with the noble. (O, K.) b2: See also قِدٌّ, in two places.

A2: Also (assumed tropical:) The measure, quantity, size, or bulk, (M, L, Msb, K,) of a thing: (M, L:) (tropical:) the conformation, or proportion, syn. تَقْطِيع, (S, M, A, O, L, K,) of a thing, (M, L,) or of a young woman, (A,) or of a man: (K:) (tropical:) the stature, syn. قَامَة, (S, A, O, L, K,) of a man: (K:) (assumed tropical:) his justness of form, or symmetry: (M, L, K:) and (assumed tropical:) his figure, person, or whole body: (M, L:) pl. [of pauc.] أَقُدٌّ (M, L, K) and أَقِدَّةٌ, (K,) which is extr., (TA,) and [of mult.] قُدُودٌ (M, L, K) and قِدَادٌ. (K.) One says, هٰذَا عَلَى قَدِّ ذَاكَ (assumed tropical:) This is equal in measure, quantity, size, or bulk, to that; is like that. (Msb.) And شَىْءٌ حَسَنُ القَدِّ (assumed tropical:) A thing goodly, or beautiful, in respect of conformation, or proportion. (L.) And جَارِيَةٌ حَسَنَةُ القَدِّ (tropical:) A young woman goodly, or beautiful, in respect of stature, and of conformation, or proportion. (A.) And غُلَامٌ حَسَنُ القَدِّ (assumed tropical:) A young man goodly, or beautiful, in respect of justness of form, or symmetry, and in person, or the whole of his body. (M, L.) A3: See, again, قِدٌّ.

A4: By the phrase يَا وَيْلَ قَدٍّ, addressed to Mikdád, in a verse of Jereer, is meant يَا وَيْلَ مِقْدَادٍ [O, woe to thee Mikdád]; the poet restricting himself to some of the letters [of the name]: an instance [more obviously] of a similar kind is سَلَّام used by El-Hoteiäh for سُلَيْمَان. (O.) قُدٌّ A certain marine fish, (O, K,) the eating of which is said to increase [the faculty of] الجِمَاع. (O.) قِدٌّ A thing that is مَقْدُود [i. e. cut in an elongated form, &c.]. (M, L.) b2: [And hence] A thong cut from an untanned skin, (S, M, * A, O, * L, Msb, K,) with which sandals or shoes are sewed, (M, * L, Msb,) and with which a captive is bound; (A;) pl. أَقُدٌّ: (S, O, L:) and [as a coll. gen. n.] thongs, cut from an untanned skin, with which camels' saddles and [the vehicles called]

مَحَامِل are bound: (M, L:) and ↓ قِدَّةٌ [of which the pl. is قِدَدٌ] is a more special term, (S, O, L,) signifying a single thong of this kind. (K.) See an ex. voce قَدٌّ. b3: And (hence, L) A whip; (O, L, K;) as also ↓ قَدٌّ. (K.) Thus in the trad., لَقَابُ قَوْسِ أَحَدِكُمْ وَمَوْضِعُ قِدِّهِ فِى الجَنَّةِ خَيْرٌ مِنَ الدُّنْيَا وَمَا فِيهَا, (O, * L,) or ↓ قَدِّهِ, (K,) i. e. Verily the space that would be occupied by the bow of any one of you, and the place that would be occupied by his whip, in Paradise, are better than the present [sublunary] world and what is in it: or قِدّه may here have the meaning next following. (L.) b4: A sandal; because cut in an elongated form from the skin: (O, L:) or a sandal not stripped of the hair, in order that it may be more pliant. (IAar, O, L.) b5: And A vessel of skin. (S, O, K.) One says, مَا لَهُ قِدٌّ وَلَا قِحْفٌ He has not a vessel of skin nor a vessel of wood: (S, O, M:) or a skin nor a fragment of a drinking-cup or bowl. (M.) b6: شَدِيدُ القِدِّ occurs in a trad. as some relate it, meaning Having a strong bowstring: but accord. to others, it is ↓ شَدِيدُ القَدِّ, meaning strong in pulling the bow. (L.) قِدَّةٌ: see قِدٌّ. b2: Also A piece of a thing. (M, L.) b3: And hence, (M,) A party, division, sect, or distinct body or class, of men, holding some particular tenet, or body of tenets, creed, opinion, or opinions, (S, M, O, L, Msb, K,) accord. to some, (Msb,) of whom each has his own, (S, O, L, K,) or of which each has its own, (Msb,) erroneous opinion: (S, O, L, Msb, K:) pl. قِدَدٌ. (Msb.) Hence, كُنَّا طَرَائِقَ قِدَدًا, (S, L, O, K,) in the Kur [lxxii. 11], (L, O,) said by the Jinn, (Fr, L,) We were parties, or sects, differing in their erroneous opinions, or in their desires: (Fr, O, L, K:) or separate [sects]; Muslims and not Muslims: (Zj:) or diverse, or discordant, or various, sects; Muslims and unbelievers. (Jel.) And one says, صَارَ القَوْمُ قِدَدًا The people became divided, or different, in their states, or conditions, and their desires, or erroneous opinions. (L.) قَدَادٌ The hedge-hog: b2: and The jerboa. (O, K.) قُدَادٌ A pain [app. what may be termed a cutting pain] in the belly. (S, M, O, L, K.) حَبَنًا وَقُدَادًا is a form of imprecation, meaning [May God inflict upon thee] dropsy, and a pain in the belly. (L.) قَدِيدٌ, (S, M, O, L, K,) or لَحْمٌ قَدِيدٌ, (Msb,) Flesh-meat cut into strips, or oblong pieces: (M, L, K:) or cut, (M,) or cut into oblong pieces, and spread, or spread in the sun, to dry: (M, L, K:) or salted, and dried in the sun: (L:) i. q. لَحْمٌ مُقَدَّدٌ: (S, O, L:) قَدِيدٌ is of the measure فَعِيلٌ in the sense of the measure مَفْعُولٌ. (L.) b2: ثَوْبٌ قَدِيدٌ A garment, or piece of cloth, [slit, or rent, and] old and worn out. (S, O, L, K.) قُدَيْدٌ A small مِسْح [or garment of thick, or coarse, hair-cloth], (M, * K, * TA,) such as is worn by persons of low condition. (TA.) قَدِيدِيُّونَ, (IAth, O, K, TA,) thus accord. as a trad., in which it occurs is related, (IAth, TA,) not to be pronounced with damm, (K,) or, as some say, it is [قُدَيْدِيُّونَ, i. e.] with damm to the ق and fet-h to the [first] د, (IAth, TA,) and thus in the handwriting of Z in the “ Fáïk,” (O,) [and thus I find it in a copy of the A,] The followers of an army, consisting of handicraftsmen, (A, IAth, O, K, TA,) such as the repairer of cracked wooden bowls, and the farrier, (O, K, TA,) and the blacksmith: (O, TA:) of the dial. of the people of Syria: as though they were called by the former appellation because of the tattered state of their clothing; (O;) or by the latter as though, by reason of their low condition, they wore the small مِسْح called قُدَيْد; or from التَّقَدُّدُ, because they disperse themselves in the provinces on account of need, and because of the tattered state of their clothing; and the diminutive form denotes mean estimation of their condition: (IAth, TA:) a man (IAth, O, TA) of them (O) is reviled by its being said to him يَا قَدِيدىُّ (IAth, O, TA) and يا قُدَيْدِىُّ: (IAth, TA:) and it is commonly used in the language of the Persians also. (O.) قَيْدُودٌ A she-camel long in the back: (O, K:) but this is said to be derived from القَوْدُ, like الكَيْنُونَةُ from الكَوْنُ: (L:) [see art. قود:] pl. قَيَادِيدُ. (K. [In the O the pl. is written قَنَادِيدُ.]) مَقَدٌّ (tropical:) A road: (A, K, TA:) because it is cut: so in the phrase مَفَازَةٌ مُسْتَقِيمَةُ المَقَدِّ (tropical:) [A desert, or waterless desert, whereof the road is straight, or direct]. (A, TA.) b2: (assumed tropical:) The rima vulvæ of a woman. (M, L.) b3: (assumed tropical:) The part of the back of the neck that is between the ears. (K, L.) [A dial. var. of, or a mistake for, مَقَذٌّ.]) b4: And i. q. قَاعٌ, i. e. (assumed tropical:) An even, or a plain, place. (S, M, O, L.) مِقَدٌّ, like مِدَقٌّ [in measure], (K, [in a copy of the M, erroneously, مَقَدّ,]) or ↓ مِقَدَّةٌ, (L,) The iron instrument with which skin is cut (يُقَدُّ). (L, * K, * TA.) مِقَدَّةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

مَقَدِّىٌّ Wine of El-Makadd, a town of the region of the Jordan, (K,) or, as is said in the Marásid and the Moajam, near Adhri'át, in the Howrán; (TA;) wrongly said by J to be without teshdeed to the د, for the wine called مَقَدَىٌّ is different from that called مَقَدِّىٌّ: (K:) or it is wine boiled until it is reduced to half its original quantity; likened to a thing that is divided (قُدَّ) in halves; so accord. to Rejá Ibn-Selemeh, and in the Nh and Ghareebeyn; and sometimes it is pronounced without teshdeed to the د. (TA.)

عجى وعجو: عَجَا: عُجّة بيض (هلو) وهذا خطأ والصواب عُجَّة.
عجو: نواة، عجمة (همبرت ص52).
عَجْوَة: ضرب من التمر. انظر عن هذا الضرب من التمر باجني (ص154) وبرتون (1: 384).
عَجْوة: تعر يابس (همبرت ص54 جزائرية).
عَجْوة: تمريّة، عجينة من التمر نزع نواه.
(بركهارت بلاد العرب 1: 56 - 57 وفيه كثير من التفاصيل برتون 1: 238، 384، لين في ترجمة ألف ليلة 1: 219).
عَجِيّ، وجمعها عَجْيان: صبيّ (زيشر 22: 128).
عدّ عدّ: معدود، ما يمكن عدّه وإحصاءه أي ليس بكثير (فليشر في تعليقه على المقري 1: 548، بريشت ص199، فالتون ص36، 71).
ما عَدَّ له خاطراً: لم يأبه به ولم يعتبره (بوشر).
عَدَّد: ليس مصدره تعداد فقط بل تعديد أيضاً.
حسب، أحصى (المفصل طبعة بروش ص 94) ومعناها في الأصل أحصى مناقب الميت كما تفعل النائحات ثم أصبحــت تدل على: بكى الميت وناح عليه (معجم فليشر ص35 رقم 104 باين سميث 1397).
عَدَّدت المرأة: بكت عند المريض، ويقال: عَدَّدت عليه (ألف ليلة 1: 49).
عَدَّد: تستعمل مجازاً غرد الطائر تغريداً شجياً (معجم فليشر ص35، المقري 1: 57).
عَدَّد: أساء الظن به (المقري 2: 513).
عَدَّد على فلان: عذله وعاتبه (فوك) وفي كتاب محمد بن الحارث (ص290) فلم يمنعني من ذلك إلا مخافة أن يعدد عليّ ختني سليمان بن اسود. وفي تاريخ البربر (2: 154) فعدد عليه ثم وخزه برمحه.
عَدَّد الخيل: اسرجها ووضع عليها العُدَّة وهي طقم الفرس.
أعدَّ: معناها ساعد وعاون تقريباً. ففي حيّان (ص7 ق): كان مظاهراً لأهل الخلاف معداً لهم في حروبهم.
أعدّ: احذف هذا الفعل من معجم بدرون ومعجم البيان. فالفعل أغذَّ في العبارات التي نقلت فيهما. وفي معجم ابن حبيب في المخطوطة المكتوبة بيد المؤلف التي يملكها فريمري مغذاً وفي الحريري: مُعِدّ أي كامل العُدَّة كما ذكر في شرحه.
تّعدَّد: disco ألمّ ب (المعجم اللاتيني- العربي). فهل يريد بذلك تجهز وتهيأ واستعدّ.؟ تَعدَّد مع: عذل، عاتب (فوك) وانظر مادة عَدَّد.
انعد: حُسِب، أحصى. (فوك) وانظر لين في مادة اعتدَّ.
اعتدَّ: جعل فلاناً تحت تصرفه (تاريخ البربر 2: 471).
اعتدَّ ب: تجهز (بوشر) وفي طرائف كوسج (ص80) اصبر عليَّ حتى أركب جوادي وأعتد بعِدَّة جلادي. والصواب: وأعْتدَّ بعُدَّة (الثعالبي لطائف ص72).
اعتدَّ: وثق ب، اعتمد على (فوك) ولم يذكر جملة استعملت فيها. وفي أماري (ديب ص2): ويَعْلمُ الله سُبحنه أنا لنعتَّد بذلك وقد ترجمها الناشر إلى الفرنسية بما معناه اتكل على، اعتمد على، ويبدو لي ان: قَدر الشيء حق قدره، وأقام له وزناً افضل بكثير (انظر لين).
اعتدّ على فلان: سّجل عليه شيئاً ليتغلب عليه بعد ذلك وحقد عليه لشيء فعله أو قاله.
(المقري 1: 270، تاريخ البربر 1: 395، 527، 538، 630، 2: 159، 175، 256، 320، 362، المقدمة 3: 344).
استعدّ: تهيأ، واتخذ عدّته (الفخري ص19).
اسّتعدَّ: احتاط لنفسه وتفظَّ ففي ابن البيطار (1: 120): البادزهر إذا حُكَّ بالماء على مسنّ وسُقي منه كلّ يوم نصف دانق للصحيح على سبيل الاستعداد والتقدم بالحفاظ (بالحوطة) قاوم السموم القتالة.
استعدّ: اعدّ حضّر، ويقال: استعدّ ب أيضاً: (عباد 2: 192).
استعد له: مال إليه وكان له استعداد طبيعي له.
ففي ابن البيطار (1: 147) البطيخ مستعدّ لان يصير مرارا وفيه (1: 148) البطيخ الهندي مستعد لان يصير بلغما من وقته. وفي المقدمة: استعداد تعني غالباً ميلاً فطرياً (المقدمة 1: 181، 191) وكذلك في محيط المحيط.
استعدّ: أمر الجندي بأن يتهيأ ويكون مستعداً (تاريخ البربر 2: 390).
عَدَّ: إحصاء (محيط المحيط).
عَدَّ: طرح في مصطلح الحساب (محيط المحيط).
عَدْ وعَدّ: قريب من. دان (فوك).
عَدّ ذا، وعَدّ كذا: بسبب ذا، لداعي كذا، باعتبار كذا (فوك).
عِدّ. يقال ماء عِدّ (انظر لين) وهي كلمة من غريب اللغة وقد فسرها ابن دريد وقد استغرب العبدري حين رآها لا تزال مستعملة عند عرب برقة (العبدري ص38 و).
غَدّة. والذي دخل تحت العدة أن الخ: حالة جديرة بالنظر، ذلك أن (أماري ص10)
عدَّة. عِدة السنة: اختصار عدة أيام السنة. (معجم أبي الفداء) عِدَّة: كثيرة، وتستعمل نعتاً (رايت، قواعد العربية 2: 296، الطبعة الثانية) فيقال: مدائن عدّة وأبواب عدة، رأي مدن كثيرة وأبواب كثيرة.
(الادريسي ص76، 197).
عِدَّة: مجموعة متناسقة من المناشف والفوط يلتف بها عند الخروج من الحمام (لين عادات 2: 51، برثون 2: 133).
عُدّة: آلة البناء والنجار وغيرهما وهي من كلام المولدين (محيط المحيط) وفي معجم فوك وهمبرت (ص73) عِدّة بكسر العين وهو خطأ، أي آلة، وهي فيها كلمة مفردة.
عُدّة: عتاد السفينة (الكالا، ابن جبير ص 72، أماري ديب ملحق ص3، 25 دي ساسي ديب 11: 46).
عُدَّة الفرس: سرجها (هلو، محيط المحيط).
عُدَّة: سلاح المدفعية (ألكالا).
عدّة مدافع: قافلة مدفعية.
عُدَّة: حماية، وقاية، إغاثة، معاونة، مساعدة، نجدة. (عباد 1: 247: 270 رقم 72).
عُدّة: جنود، كتائب الجند، ففي كليلة ودمنة (ص6): يا ملك الهند ابرز إلينا وأبْق على عدتك وعيالك ولا تحملهم على الفناء فانه ليس من المروءة أن يرمي الملك بعدته في المهالك المتلفة.
عَدَّية: عَدَّ، إحصاء (بوشر).
عَدّية: كميَّة، مقدار (بوشر).
عَدَد: مقدار كبير. ففي عباد (1: 41): أمر له بدنانير عدداً.
العدد الأول في مصطلح الحساب: ما لا يعده غير الواحد كالثلاثة والخمسة والسبعة ويسمى بسيطاً فان عده غير الواحد كالأربعة فهو المركب (محيط المحيط).
علم العدد: علم من أصول الرياضي يبحث عن العدد وخواصه (محيط المحيط) والعدد فقط يدل على هذا المعنى (المقدمة 1: 218).
عَدَد: مبلغ من الدراهم (المقري1: 471، أماري ديب ص92، وفيه عدد بكسر العين وهو خطأ).
عَدد: ذكرها فوك كما ذكر عِدّة بمعنى المدة التي تقضيها المطلقة والمتوفى عنها زوجها دون زواج بعد طلاقها أو وفاة زوجها.
عَدَديّ: كمي، رقمي، نسبة إلى العدد (بوشر).
عَدَديّ: عالم بالحساب، خبير في علم الحساب (فوك).
عَددية: عدّاً ونقداً (بوشر).
عَددية. كشمير بمائة عددية: كشميرة قيمته مائة قرش نقداً (أغنية في صفة مصر 14: 163) عِداد. حائر من عداد البحور: غدير كبير مثل البحر (تاريخ البربر 1: 413).
عِداد: زكاة تجبي عن المواشي من القبائل العربية البدوية وغيرها (مملوك 1، 1: 189).
عَديد: معناها الأصلي عدد كبير من الجند.
(انظر عباد: 1: 260 رقم 8) وتطلق على الجند (عباد 1: 242، تاريخ البربر 1: 166، 293، 303، 386، ابن خلدون طبعة نوربنرج ص10) عَدِيد: عِدَّة، كثير. (بوشر) وفي كتاب الخطيب (ص22 ق): ولى القضاء بأماكن عديدة.
عَدِيد= تعديد نوح على الميت. ففي ألف ليلة (1: 49): فقعدت في حزن وبكى وعديد سنة كاملة (في طبعة برسل عويل) ألف ليلة 3: 256).
عَدَّاد: آلة عَدّ، حاسبة. (فوك، صفة مصر 16: 470 رقم 2).
عَدَّاد: ضيف يعد بأصابعه عدد الأطعمة ويشير إليها بيده (دوماس حياة العرب ص314).
عادّ: عند الحسابين كل عدد يعدّ عدداً آخر أي يثنيه بالقسمة كأربعة مع ثمانية فإذا عدّ العدد اكثر من عدد يقال له العادّ المشترك كالاثنين مع الأربعة والثمانية (محيط المحيط).
تعداد: كان كثير العدد (المقدمة 3: 356).
تَعديد: في مصطلح البديع= تعديد الأوصاف وذلك حين يوصف شخص أو شيء، بعدد من الصفات مستقل بعضها عن الأخر (ميهرن بلاغة ص165، محيط المحيط).
مَعّد: دفّة تعدّ عليها الفلوس. (الكالا) (بوشر، محيط المحيك).
مَعدّدة: نائحة، امرأة تستأجر لتنوح على الميت وتعدّد مناقبه (بوشر).
مَعْدُود: عداً ونقداً (بوشر).
مُتعَدد: متنوع، مختلف، شتى، عدّة.
(بوشر، عباد 1: 230 رقم 78).
استعدادي: مهيىء، مجهز (بوشر).

الصَّرَاةُ:
بالفتح، قال الفرّاء: يقال هو الصّرى والصّرى للماء يطول استنقاعه، وقال أبو عمرو:
إذا طال مكثه وتغيّر، وقد صري الماء، بالكسر، وهذه نطفة صراة، وهما نهران ببغداد: الصراة الكبرى والصراة الصغرى، ولا أعرف أنا إلّا واحدة وهو نهر يأخذ من نهر عيسى من عند بلدة يقال لها المحوّل بينها وبين بغداد فرسخ ويسقي ضياع بادوريا ويتفرّع منه أنهار إلى أن يصل إلى بغداد فيمرّ بقنطرة العباس ثمّ قنطرة الصبيبات ثمّ قنطرة رحا البطريق ثمّ القنطرة العتيقة ثمّ القنطرة الجديدة ويصبّ في دجلة، ولم يبق عليه الآن إلّا القنطرة العتيقة والجديدة، يحمل من الصراة نهر يقال له خندق طاهر ابن الحسين أوّله أسفل من فوهة الصراة يدور حول مدينة السلام ممّا يلي الحربية وعليه قنطرة باب الحرب ويصبّ في دجلة أمام باب البصرة من مدينة المنصور، وأمّا أهل الأثر فيقولون: الصراة العظمى حفرها بنو ساسان بعد ما أبادوا النبط، ونسب إليه المحدّثون جعفر بن محمد اليمان المؤدّب المخرّمي ويعرف بالصراتي، حدث عن أبي حذافة، روى عنه محمد بن عبد الله بن عتّاب، قرأت في كتاب المفاوضة لأبي نصر الكاتب قال: لما مات محمد بن داود الأصبهاني صاحب كتاب الزهرة من حبّ أبي الحسن بن جامع الصيدلاني قال بعضهم: رأيت ابن جامع محبوبه واقفا على الصراة ينظر إلى زيادة الماء فيها فقلت له: ما بقي عندك من حبّ أبي بكر بن داود؟ فأنشدني:
وقفت على الصراة، وليس تجري ... معاينها لنقصان الصرات
فلمّا أن ذكرتك فاض دمعي ... فأجراهنّ جري العاصفات
قال نصر: لم أر أحسن من هذين البيتين في معناهما إلّا أن الشّيظمي الشاعر مرّ بدار سيف الدولة بن حمدان فقال:
عجبا لي، وقد مررت بأبوابك ... كيف اهتديت سبل الطريق
أتراني نسيت عهدك فيها؟ ... صدقوا ما لميّت من صديق
وللقضاعي الشاعر:
ويلي على ساكن شاطي الصراة! ... كدّر حبّيه عليّ الحياة
ما تنقضي من عجب فكرتي ... لقصّة قصّر فيها الولاة
ترك المحبّين بلا حاكم، ... لم يجلسوا للعاشقين القضاة
وقد أتاني خبر ساءني ... لقولها في السّرّ: وا سوأتاه
أمثل هذا يبتغي وصلنا! ... أما يرى ذا وجهه في المرأة؟
وهذا معنى حسن ترتاح إليه النفس وتهشّ إليه الروح، وقد قيل في معناه:
مرّت فبثّت في قلوب الورى ... إلى الهوى من مقلتيها الدعاة
فظلّ كلّ النّاس من حسنها ... ودلّها المفرط أسرى عناه
فقلت: يا مولاة مملوكها ... جودي لمن أصبحــت أقصى مناه
ومن إذا ما بات في ليلة ... يصيح من حبّك: وا مهجتاه!
فأقبلت تهزأ منّي إلى ... ثلاث حور كنّ معها مشاه
يا أسم! يا فاطم! يا زينب! ... أما رأى ذا وجهه في المرأة؟
ومثله أيضا:
جارية أعجبها حسنها، ... ومثلها في الخلق لم يخلق
أنبأتها أنّي محبّ لها، ... فأقبلت تهزأ من منطقي
والتفتت نحو فتاة لها ... كالرّشإ الأحور في قرطق
قالت لها: قولي لهذا الفتى ... انظر إلى وجهك ثمّ اعشق
وأحسن من هذا كلّه وأجمل وأعلق بالقلب قول أبي نواس وأظنّه السابق إليه:
وقائلة لها في حال نصح: ... علام قتلت هذا المستهاما؟
فكان جوابها في حسن مسّ: ... أأجمع وجه هذا والحراما؟