شتم
1 شَتَمَهُ, (
MA,
Msb,
K,)
aor. ـِ (
Msb,
K) and شَتُمَ, (
K,)
inf. n. شَتْمٌ (
S,
MA,
Msb,
K) and مَشْتَمَةٌ and مَشْتُمَةٌ, (
K,
TA,) the last of these [written مَشْتِمَة in the
CK] with damm to the ت, or this and the next before it, though said to be
inf. ns., may be simple substantives, as
A'Obeyd inclines to think them, (
TA,) He reviled him, vilified him, upbraided him, reproached him, defamed him, or gave a bad name to him; (
S, *
MA,
K,
TA;)
syn. سَبَّهُ: (
K,
TA:) or, as some say, شَتْمٌ signifies [the addressing with] foul speech, without قَذْف [here meaning the casting an accusation, though commonly used and
expl. as
syn. with شَتْمٌ]: (
TA:) and ↓ شاتمهُ signifies the same as شَتَمَهُ, (
MA,
Msb,) being a rare instance of a verb of the measure فَاعَلَ denoting an act of a single
agent when it has an unaugmented verb of the same radical letters [and the same signification], as صَادَمَهُ الحِمَارُ meaning صَدَمَهُ, and زَاحِمَهُ meaning زَحَمَهُ. (
Msb.) Hence the saying, فَإِنْ شُتِمَ فَلْيَقُلْ إِنِّى صَائِمٌ [And if he be reviled, let him say, Verily I am fasting], which may mean that he should say this with his tongue, which is the more proper meaning, or mentally: or ↓ فَإِنْ شُوتِمَ, which is allowable, though the former is the more proper. (
Msb.)
b2: شاتمهُ فَشَتَمَهُ: see 3.
A2: شَتُمَ,
aor. ـُ (
S,
K,)
inf. n. شَتَامَةٌ (
S,
IB) and شَتَمٌ, (
IB,
TA,) (assumed
tropical:) He (a man,
S) was, or became, displeasing, or hateful, in countenance. (
S,
K.)
A3: [شَتِمَ,
trans. by means of ب,
expl. by Golius as meaning He rejoiced at evils, or misfortunes, of an enemy, is, I doubt not, a mistake for شَمِتَ; though it might be supposed to be formed by
transposition, like جَبَذَ from جَذَبَ.]
2 شتّم,
accord. to Reiske, said of a camel when haltered, and of a lion, as mentioned by Freytag, signifies (assumed
tropical:) He was harsh, and surly, in countenance, and uttered a grumbling sound: if used, it must be شُتِّمَ, agreeably with the part.
n.,
expl. below.]
3 مُشَاتَمَةٌ is
syn. with مُسَابَّةٌ, (
S,) signifying The reviling, vilifying, upbraiding, reproaching, defaming, or giving a bad name to, each other: (
KL:) and [in like manner] ↓ تَشَاتُمٌ is
syn. with تَسَابٌّ, (
S,) signifying as above [but used in relation to two persons and more than two]: (
KL:) you say, شَاتَمَا and ↓ تَشَاتَمَا meaning تَسَابَّا [They reviled, vilified, &c., each other]: (
K:) and ↓ تشاتموا They reviled, &c., one another; like تَسَابُّوا. (
MA.) [شاتمهُ may therefore be rendered He reviled him, &c., being reviled, &c., by him: but sometimes it is
syn. with شَتَمَهُ:] see 1, in two places.
b2: One says also, ↓ شَاتَمَهُ فَشَتَمَهُ,
aor. ـُ meaning [He vied, or contended, with him in reviling, vilifying, &c.,] and he overcame him [therein, i. e.] in reviling, &c. (
TA.) 5 تشتّم is said by Freytag to signify He exposed himself to contumelies; on the authority of the
Ham p. 310: but I there find only the part.
n., مُتَشَتِّمٌ, signifying as
expl. below: so that the verb, if used, means he became exasperated by reviling, vilifying, &c., and addressed, or applied, himself thereto.
b2: He also explains it as signifying (assumed
tropical:) He contracted the face very austerely; on the authority of the Deewán of the Hudhalees.]
6 تَشَاْتَمَ see 3, in three places.
شِتَامٌ: see the next paragraph.
شَتِيمٌ: see مَشْتُومٌ.
b2: Also (assumed
tropical:) Displeasing, or hateful, in countenance; (
S,
K;) applied to a man, and to a lion; (
S;) and to an ass, as meaning thus, and foul, or ugly: (
TA:) or to a lion as meaning (
tropical:) grim-faced; or stern, austere, or morose, in countenance; as also ↓ مُشَتَّمٌ; and ↓ شَتَّامَةٌ; (
K,
TA;) the last like جَبَّانَةٌ [in measure, but in the
CK written شَتامَة]. (
TA.) One says, فُلَانٌ شَتِيمُ المُحَيَّا (assumed
tropical:) Such a one is displeasing, or hateful, in countenance. (
S.)
A2: Also, and ↓ شِتَامٌ, An obstruction (سُدَّة) of the fauces, combined with foulness, or ugliness, of face. (
TA.) شَتِيمَةٌ a
subst., (
S,
Msb,
K, and
Ksh in lxxiv.
41, [by
Bd, in explaining the same passage of the
Kur, improperly said to be an
inf. n.,]) from شَتَمَهُ, (
Msb,
K,) in the sense of شَتْمٌ [meaning The act of reviling, vilifying, or upbraiding; reproach, obloquy, or contumely]; (
S, * and
Ksh ubi suprà;) as also ↓ مَشْتَمَةٌ, and ↓ مَشْتُمَةٌ, or, as mentioned above, [see 1, first sentence,] these two are
inf. ns. (
TA.) شَتَّامٌ [One who reviles, &c., much]. (
Ham p.
310.) شَتَّامَةٌ One who reviles, &c., [very] much. (
TA.)
b2: See also شَتِيمٌ.
شَاتِمٌ
act. part. n. of 1, Reviling, &c.
b2: It is also said by Golius, on the authority of the Mirkát el-Loghah, to signify Rejoicing at another's evils, or misfortunes: but this I believe to be a mistake for شَامِتٌ: see 1, last sentence.]
الاشتيام, with kesr, [which seems to indicate that it is الإِشْتِيَامُ,] is
expl. by
IB as meaning رئيس الركاب [
app. رَئِيسُ الرُّكَّابِ The headman, or master, of the riders: but whence this is derived I know not, unless it be arabicized, from the
Pers\. أُسْتَا يَام (if there be such an appellation), meaning “ the master of the post-horse ”]. (
TA.) مَشْتَمَةٌ and مَشْتُمَةٌ: see شَتِيمَةٌ.
مُشَتَّمٌ: see شَتِيمٌ; and see also مُشَبَّمٌ.
مَشْتُومٌ Reviled, vilified, upbraided, reproached, defamed, or called by a bad name: and so with ة applied to a female, as also ↓ شَتِيمٌ; (
K,
TA;) this last, without ة, mentioned on the authority of
Lh. (
TA.) مُتَشَتِّمٌ Exasperated by reviling, &c., and addressing, or applying, himself thereto. (
Ham p. 310: there
expl. by the words متحكك بالشتم ومعترض له [i. e. مُتَحَكِّكٌ بِالشَّتْمِ وَمُعْتَرِضٌ لَهُ: see 5].)
