قدح
1 قَدَحَ الدُّودُ, (
S,
A,) [
aor. ـَ
inf. n. قَدْحٌ, (
Lth,
S,
Mgh,) The worm, or worms, effected a cankering, or corrosion, (
Lth,
S,
A,
Mgh,) فِى
الشَّجَرِ, [in the trees], (
Lth,
S,
Mgh,) or فِى العُودِ [in the wood], (
A,) and فِى الأَسْنَانِ [in the teeth]. (
Lth,
S,
A,
Mgh.) And قُدِحَ and قُدِحَ فِيهِ,
inf. n. as above, It (the tree, and the tooth,) became cankered, or corroded. (
L.)
b2: [Hence,] قَدَحَ فِيهِ, (
Msb,
K,) or فِى عِرْضِهِ, and فِى سَاقِهِ, (
A,)
aor. ـَ (
Msb,
K,)
inf. n. as above, (
Msb,) from the incidency of the قَوَادِح [or canker-worms] in the سَاق [or stem] of the tree, (
A,) (
tropical:) He impaired, injured, detracted from, impugned, or attacked, his honour, or reputation; blamed, censured, or reproached, him; found fault with him; or spoke against him. (
A,
Msb,
K.) And قَدَحَ فِى نَسَبِهِ (
tropical:) He found fault with, or spoke against, his parentage, genealogy, or pedigree. (
S,
A,
Msb.) And قَدَحَ فِى عَدَالَتِهِ (assumed
tropical:) He impugned his rectitude as a witness, mentioning something that should have the effect of causing his testimony to be rejected. (
Msb.) And قَدَحَ فِى سَاقِ أَخِيهِ (
tropical:) He acted dishonestly, or insincerely, towards his brother, and did that which was displeasing to him, or that which he hated. (
L,
TA.) And فُلَانٌ يَفُتُّ فِى
عَضُدِ فُلَانٍ وَيَقْدَحُ فِى سَاقِهِ (assumed
tropical:) [Such a one seeks to injure such a one by diminishing, or impairing, (in number or power) the people of his house, or his aiders, or assistants; and blames, censures, or reproaches, him]: by عَضُدِهِ being meant أَهْلِ بَيْتِهِ; and by نَفْسِهِ سَاقِهِ. (
IAar,
T. [See عَضُدٌ.])
b3: قَدَحَ فِى القِدْحِ, (
A,
K,
TA,)
aor. as above, (
TA,) He (a maker of arrows, A) made a hole in [the end of] the [arrow in the state in which it is termed] قِدْح with the tang of the iron head [for the insertion of the said tang]: (
A,
K,
TA:) which hole is termed ↓ مَقْدَحٌ. (
A,
TA.)
b4: قَدَحَ خِتَامَ الخَابِيَةِ He broke the sealed clay upon the mouth of the [wine-jar called] خابية. (
TA. [
Accord. to the
TA, a verse of Lebeed cited
voce أَدْكَنُ presents an
ex. of the verb in this sense: but see the explanation given in art. دكن.])
b5: قَدَحَ العَيْنَ [He (the operator termed ↓ قَدَّاح, A) performed upon the eye the operation of couching;] he extracted from the eye the corrupt fluid. (
S, A. [See نَقَبَ العَيْنَ.])
b6: قَدَحَ النَّارَ, (
S,
L,)
aor. and
inf. n. as above, He struck, or produced, fire with a flint &c.: (
L:) or قَدَحَ النَّارَ مِنَ الزَّنْدِ [or الزَّنْدَةِ i. e. He produced fire from the piece of stick, or wood, called زند, or rather from that called زندة]; as also ↓ اقتدحها: (
A:) or قَدَحَ بِالزَّنْدِ, and ↓ اقتدح, (
K,) or الزَّنْدَ ↓ اقتدح, (
S,) He endeavoured to produce fire with the زند. (
K.) اُحْنُ لِى أَقْدَحْ لَكَ [
app. Bend thou to me branches and I will produce fire for thee to kindle them] is a
prov., meaning كُنْ لِى أَكُنْ لَكَ [Be thou a helpmate for me and I will be a helpmate for thee]. (
TA.) See also another
prov. cited and
expl. voce دِفْلَى.
b7: قَدَحَ الشَّىْءُ فِى صَدْرِى (assumed
tropical:) The thing made an impression in my bosom, or mind. (
L.)
b8: قَدَحَ, (
S,
A,
L,)
aor. and
inf. n. as above; (
L;) and ↓ اقتدح; (
S,
A,
L,
K;) He laded out broth [&c.] (
S,
A,
L,
K) with a ladle. (
A.) and قَدَحَ القِدْرَ He laded out what was in the cookingpot. (
L.) And قَدَحَ مَا فِى أَسْفَلِ القِدْرِ He laded out with pains what was in the bottom of the cooking-pot. (
L.) And قَدَحَ مَا فِى أَسْفَلِ البِئْرِ [He laded out what was in the bottom of the well]. (
A.)
A2: قَدَحَتْ عَيْنُهُ, (
S,
A,)
inf. n. قَدْحٌ; (
K;) and ↓ قدّحت, (
S,)
inf. n. تَقْدِيحٌ; (
K;) (assumed
tropical:) His eye sank, or became depressed, (
S,
A,
K,) so that it became like the قَدَح [
q. v.]. (A. [See an
ex. of the latter
v. in a verse cited in the first paragraph of art. سلب.]) 2 قَدَّحَ see above, last explanation.
A2: قدّح فَرَسَهُ, (
S,)
inf. n. تَقْدِيحٌ, (
K,) (
tropical:) He made his horse lean, lank, or slender: (
S,
K, *
TA:) or قَدَّحْتُ خَيْلِى,
inf. n. as above, (
tropical:) I made my horses to be [like the arrows termed] قِدَاح in slenderness. (
A.) 3 مُقَادَحَةٌ is (
tropical:)
syn. with مُقَادَعَةٌ, [so in a copy of the
A, an evident mistranscription for مُقَاذَعَةٌ, with ذ,] from القَدْحُ meaning “ the act of blaming, censuring,” &c.,
syn. الطَّعْنُ: thus in the saying, جَرَتْ بَيْنَهُمَا مُقَادَحَةٌ (
tropical:) [A mutual reviling, and vying in foul, or unseemly, speech or language, occurred between them two]. (
A.)
b2: And قادحهُ signifies (
tropical:) نَاظَرَهُ [
app. as meaning جَادَلَهُ i. e. (
tropical:) He contended in an altercation, or disputed, or litigated, with him: &c.]. (
A.) 5 تقدّح: see 5 in art. قرح.
6 تقاذحا (
tropical:) [
app. They contended in an altercation, or disputed, or litigated, each with the other]. (A: there immediately following قَادَحَهُ as meaning نَاظَرَهُ.) 7 انقدحت النَّارُ مِنَ العُودِ Fire was, or became, struck, or produced, from the wood, or stick. (
L in art. صلد.) 8 إِقْتَدَحَ see 1, latter half, in three places.
b2: اقتدح بِزَنْدِهِ is [also] a
tropical phrase [meaning (
tropical:) He endeavoured to avail himself of his (another's) instrumentality: or he availed himself thereof: see the phrase أَنَا مُقْتَدِحٌ بِزَنْدِكَ in art. زند]. (
A.)
b3: And اقتدح الأَمْرَ means (
tropical:) He considered, and looked into, the affair, seeking to elicit what would be its issue, or result. (
A,
K,
TA.)
b4: See also 1, again; last quarter.
10 استقدح زِنَادَهُ [
lit. signifies He asked, or demanded, that his (another's) زِنَاد (
pl. of زَنْدٌ
q. v.) should produce fire: and] is a
tropical phrase [meaning (
tropical:) He asked, or demanded, that he might avail himself of his (another's) instrumentality]. (
A.) قَدْحٌ and ↓ قَادِحٌ, [the former, in the
CK, in this case, erroneously, with fet-h to the د,] A canker, or corrosion, incident in trees and in teeth: (
L,
K:) [the former is originally an
inf. n.: and] each, in the sense here
expl., an
epithet in which the quality of a
subst. predominates: (
L:) [they are therefore more properly to be
expl. as meaning a thing that cankers, or corrodes: and ↓ the latter signifies also rottenness, decay, corruption, or unsoundness: (
L:) and blackness that appears in the teeth: (
S:) and a crack, or fissure, in wood, or in a stick, or rod; (
S,
L,
K;) and so the former word. (
K.)
b2: إبْرَةُ القَدْحِ: see مِقْدَحٌ.
قِدْحٌ An arrow, (
S,
Msb,
K, &c.,) [i. e.] the pared wood, or rod, of an arrow, (
Mgh,) before it has been furnished with feathers and a head: (
S,
Mgh,
Msb,
K, &c.:) or an arrow when straightened, and fit to be feathered and headed: (
T,
voce بَرِىٌّ,
q. v.:) or a rod that has attained the desired state of growth, and been pruned, and cut according to the required length for an arrow: (
AHn:) and [particularly] such as is used in the game called المَيْسِر: (
S,
L:)
pl. قِدَاحٌ, (
S,
A,
Mgh,
L,
K,) a
pl. of mult., (
TA,) and [of pauc., and
accord. to the
L of قِدْحٌ in the last of the senses
expl. above,] أَقْدُحُ (
S,
L,
K) and أَقْدَاحٌ (
L,
TA) and أَقَادِيحُ, (
S,
L,
K,) which last is a
pl. pl. [i. e.
pl. of أَقْدَاحٌ]. (
L.) [One says, in speaking of the arrows used in the game called ضَرَبَ بِالقِدَاحِ المَيْسِر, and ضَرَبَ القِدَاحَ: and in speaking of the two arrows used in practising sortilege, ضَرَبَ بِالقِدْحَيْنِ: see art. ضرب, p. 1778, col. iii.] صَدَقَنِى وَسْمَ قِدْحِهِ (
tropical:) He told me truly what was the brand of his gaming-arrow] is a
prov.; meaning he told me the truth: (
A, *
TA:) so says
Az: (
TA:) or it means he told me what was in his mind: the وسم of the قدح is the mark that denotes its share [of the slaughtered camel]; and the sign is sometimes made by means of fire. (
Meyd.) And they say, أَبْصِرْ وَسْمَ قِدْحِكَ (
tropical:) [See, or look at, the brand of thy gaming-arrow]; (
TA;) which is [also] a
prov.; (A;) meaning know thyself. (
A,
TA.) And قِدْحُ ابْنِ مُقْبِلٍ (assumed
tropical:) [The gaming-arrow of Ibn-Mukbil, which seems to have been one remarkable for frequent good luck,] is a proverbial expression relating to goodness of effect. (
TA.) قَدَحٌ [A drinking-cup or bowl;] a certain vessel (
Msb,
K) for drinking, (
S,
Mgh,) well known, (
Msb,) large enough to satisfy the thirst of two men: (A 'Obeyd,
K:) or a small one and a large one: (
K:) [in the
K voce عُلْبَةٌ, it is applied to a vessel used for milking, sometimes made of camel's skin and sometimes of wood: it was used for drinking and for milking:]
pl. أَقْدَاحٌ. (
S,
Mgh,
Msb,
K.) It is said in a
trad., لَا تَجْعَلُونِى كَقَدَحِ الرَّكِبِ [Make not ye me to be like the drinkingcup of the rider on a camel]; meaning, make not ye me to be last in being mentioned; because the rider on a camel suspends his قدح on the hinder part of his saddle when he is finishing the puttingon of his apparatus, (
Mgh,
TA,) placing it behind him. (
TA.)
b2: Also A certain measure of capacity, in Egypt, containing two hundred and thirty-two دَرَاهِم. (Es-Suyootee in his “ Husn el-Mohádarah. ” See إِرْدَبٌّ, in art. ردب.) قَدْحَةٌ A single act of striking, or producing, fire. (
IAth,
K,
TA.)
b2: And hence, (
tropical:) An elicitation, by examination, of the real state or nature of a case or an affair. (
IAth,
TA.)
b3: And A single act of lading out broth [&c. with a ladle]. (
L, in so in the
CK.)
b4: See also what next follows.
قُدْحَةٌ A ladleful of broth: (
S,
L,
K:) and some say that ↓ قَدْحَةٌ signifies the same. (
L.) You say, أَعْطِنِى قُدْحَةً مِنْ مَرَقَتِكَ Give thou to me a ladleful of thy broth. (
S.) قِدْحَةٌ The act of striking or producing, fire (
IAth,
K,
TA) with the مِقْدَحَةٌ. (
IAth,
TA.) Hence the saying, لَوْ شَآءَ اللّٰهُ لَجَعَلَ لِلنَّاسِ قِدْحَةَ ظُلْمَةٍ كَمَا جَعَلَ لَهُمْ قِدْحَةَ نُورٍ [If God had willed, He had assigned to men the faculty of producing darkness, like as He has assigned to them the faculty of producing light]: (
K,
TA:) a
trad. (
TA.)
b2: And [hence] (assumed
tropical:) Consideration and examination of an affair, to elicit what may be its issue, or result. (
K,
TA.) قَدُوحٌ and ↓ أَقْدَحُ, (
K,) or ↓ قَدُوحٌ أَقْدَحُ, (
A,) (
tropical:) The ذُبَاب [i. e. common fly, or flies]: (
A,
K,
TA:) which one never sees otherwise than as though producing fire with the two fore legs [by rubbing them together like as one rubs together the زَنْد and the زَنْدَة]. (
TA. [But in a verse cited by
Meyd in his Proverbs, instead of القدوح ↓ الاقدح, we find القَدُوح الأَقْرَح; and he says that الأَقْرَحُ (
q. v.) is from القُرْحَةُ, and that every ذُبَاب has upon its face a قُرْحَة (or white mark): see that verse in Freytag's Arab.
Prov., ii. 48: and see also
EM, p. 228.])
A2: قَدُوحٌ also signifies A well (رَكِىٌّ) of which the water is laded out with the hand: (
S,
K:) or a well (بِئْرٌ) of which the water is not taken otherwise than by successive ladings [with the hand]. (
A.) قُدُوحٌ The pieces of wood of the [camel's saddle called] رَحْل [for which the
TA has رمل, but the right reading is shown by the context]: a word having no singular. (
TA.) قَدِيحٌ Broth: (
K: [
app. because laded out:]) or some broth remaining in the bottom of the cooking-pot: (
A:) or what remains in the bottom of the cooking-pot and is laded out with pains; (
S,
L,
K;) as also ↓ مَقْدُوحٌ. (
L.) قِدَاحَةٌ The art, or craft, of making vessels such as are called أَقْدَاح [
pl. of قَدَحٌ]. (
K.) قَدَّاحٌ: see 1, latter half:
b2: and see قَدَّاحَةٌ.
As an
epithet applied to a زَنْد [
q. v.], (
K in art. خور,) it signifies That produces much fire. (
TK in that art.)
b3: See also مِقْدَحٌ.
A2: Also A maker of vessels such as are called أَقْدَاح [
pl. of قَدَحٌ]. (
K.)
A3: And a
subst. signifying The blossoms of plants before they open: (
TA:) or the extremities of fresh, juicy, plants: (
K:) or the extremities, consisting of fresh, juicy, leaves, of plants: (
TA:) or soft, or tender, suckers or offsets, of [the species of trefoil, or clover, called] فِصْفِصَة: (
Az,
K,
TA:) of the
dial. of El-'Irák:
n. un. ↓ قَدَّاحَةٌ. (
TA.) قَدَّاحَةٌ A stone from which one strikes fire; (
As,
S,
A,
K;) and so ↓ قَدَّاحٌ. (
T,
S,
K.)
A2: See also قَدَّاحٌ, last sentence.
قَادِحٌ: see قَادِحَةٌ:
b2: and see also قَدْحٌ, in two places.
b3: هٰذَا مَآءٌ لَا يَنَامُ قَادِحُهُ [This is water of which the lader-out will not sleep] is said in describing such [water] as is little in quantity. (
A,
TA.) قَادِحَةٌ [A canker-worm;] the worm (
Lth,
S,
Mgh,
L,
K) that cankers, or corrodes, trees and teeth: (
Lth, *
Mgh, *
L,
TA:) [coll. gen. n.
↓ قَادِحٌ; occurring in the
K in art. خرب, &c.:]
pl. قَوَادِحُ. (
L.) One says, قَدْ أَسْرَعَتْ فِى أَسْنَانِهِ القَوَادِحِ [The canker-worms have quickly come into his teeth]. (
L.) أَقْدَحُ: see قَدُوحٌ, in three places.
مَقْدَحٌ: see 1, in the middle of the paragraph.
مِقْدَحٌ [A couching-needle; called thus, and ↓ إِبْرَةُ القَدْحِ, in the present day.
b2: Also], (
K, and so in some copies of the
S,) and ↓ مِقْدَحَةٌ, (
A,
TA, and so in other copies of the
S,) and ↓ مِقْدَاحٌ, and ↓ قَدَّاحٌ, (
K,) The thing (
S,
A,
K) of iron (
A,
K) with which one strikes fire. (
S,
A,
K.)
b3: And the first, A ladle; (
S,
A,
K;) as also ↓ مِقْدَحَةٌ. (
A.) ↓ سَتَأْتِيكَ بِمَا فِى قَعْرَهَا المِقْدَحَةُ [The ladle will bring to thee what is in the bottom thereof] is a
prov., meaning, that to which thou art blind will become apparent, or manifest, to thee. (
A.) مِقْدَحَةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph, in three places.
خَيْلٌ مُقَدَّحَةٌ (
tropical:) Horses that are lean, lank, or slender; as though made slender [like the arrows termed قِدَاح: see 2]. (
TA.) عَيْنٌ مُقَدِّحَةٌ (assumed
tropical:) An eye that is sunk or depressed [so as to be like the قَدَح: see 1, last signification]. (
TA.) And خَبْلٌ مُقَدِّحَةٌ (assumed
tropical:) Horses whose eyes are sunk or depressed. (
TA.) مِقْدَاحٌ: see مِقْدَحٌ.
مَقْدُوحٌ, applied to broth: see قَدِيحٌ.
شَجَرٌ مُتَقَادِحٌ Trees having soft, weak, branches, which, when the wind puts them in motion, blaze forth with fire; but which when used for producing fire for a useful purpose, yield no fire at all: whence one says to him who has no ground of pretension to respect or honour, nor parentage, genealogy, or pedigree, of a sound quality, زَنْدَاكَ لِلْمُتَقَادِحِ (assumed
tropical:) [
lit. Thy two pieces of stick, or wood, for producing fire pertain to the trees that have soft and weak branches, &c.]. (
TA.)
