سلط
1 سَلُطَ,
aor. ـُ (
M,)
inf. n. سَلَاطَةٌ, (
S,
M,
B,) He, or it, overcame, prevailed, or predominated: (
S,
TA:) or was, or became, firm, or established, in superior power or force: (
B,
TA:) he possessed power of dominion or sovereignty or rule. (
M.)
b2: It (anything, as, for instance, a solid hoof, and a camel's foot,) was, or became, strong, or hard. (
M.)
b3: He was, or became, sharp. (
TA.) And the same verb, (
M,
Msb,
K,)
inf. n. as above (
S,
M,
Msb,
K) and سُلُوطَةٌ, (
S,
M,
K,) He was, or became, chaste, or perspicuous, in speech, or eloquent, and sharp in tongue: (
S:) or long-tongued;; (
M,
K;) as also سَلِطَ,
aor. ـَ (
K,)
inf. n. سَلَطٌ: (
TS,
TA:) or clamorous and foultongued: (
Msb:) [or this verb, said of a man, has the first of these three significations; but]
سَلُطَتْ,
inf. n. سَلَاطَةٌ, signifies she (a woman) was, or became, long-tongued, and vehemently clamorous. (
Lth.) [See سَلِيطٌ, below.]
2 سلّطهُ عَلَيْهِ, (
S,
M,
Msb,)
inf. n. تَسْلِيطٌ, (
M,
K,) also written with ص, (Ibn-'Abbád, and
K in art. صلط,) He (God,
S) made him to overcome him; to prevail, or predominate, over him; or to have, or exercise, superior power or force over him: (
S,
K:) he made him to have mastery, dominion, or authority, and power, over him: (
Msb:) he made him to have, or exercise, absolute dominion or sovereignty or rule, over him; (
M;) or absolute superiority of power or force: (
K:) he gave him power over him, and superior power or force. (
TA.) [You say also, سلّط عَلَيْهِ الكِلَابَ He set the dogs upon him.]
5 تسلّط عَلَيْهِمْ He overcame them; prevailed or predominated, over them; or was made to do so; he had, or exercised, or was made to have or exercise, superior power or force over them: (
S:) he had, or was made to have, mastery, dominion, or authority, and power, or absolute dominion or authority and power, over them: (
Msb:) he had, or received, power over them; and superior power or force; quasi-
pass. of سَلَّطَهُ عَلَيْهِمْ. (
TA.) سَلْطٌ: see سَلِيطٌ; for the former, in four places; and for the latter, in seven.
سَلِطٌ: see سَلِيطٌ; for the former, in four places; and for the latter, in seven.
سُلْطَةٌ: see سُلْطَانٌ; for the latter, in three places.
سَلْطَنَةٌ: see سُلْطَانٌ; for the latter, in three places.
سُلْطَانٌ Strength, might, force, or power; (
TA;) as also ↓ سَلْطَنَةٌ: (
Bd in iii. 144:) predominance; the possession, or exercise, of superior power or force, or of dominion, or authority, and power, or of absolute dominion or authority and power; (
Mgh;) as also ↓ سُلْطَةٌ; (
S;) the former being
syn. with تَسَلُّطٌ [used as a
subst.]; (
Mgh;) and the latter being the
subst. from تَسَلَّطَ: (
S:) power of dominion; sovereign, or ruling, power; (
M;) [in this sense, as well as in the first,]
i. q. ↓ سَلْطَنَةٌ; (
Msb;) power of a king; (
Lth,
Mgh,
K;) and of a governor; (
Mgh,
Msb;) [i. e.] delegated power, or power given to one who is not a king; (
TA;) also written سُلْطَانٌ; (
M,
Msb,
K;) which is the only instance of this form: (
Msb:) it is
masc. and
fem.; (
M,
TA;) generally
masc., in the opinion of the skilful; but sometimes
fem.; so say
IAmb and
Zj and others: (
Msb:) but
ISk says that it is
fem. (
TA.) One says, (
ISk,) or some say, (
Msb,) قَضَتْ بِهِ السُّلْطَانُ (
ISk,
Msb) The sovereign, or ruling, power (↓ السَّلْطَنَةُ) decreed it. (
Msb.) And Aboo-Zuheyr says, I heard one, in whose chasteness of speech I have confidence, say, أَتَتْنَا سُلْطَانٌ جَائِرَةٌ [A tyrannical sovereign, or ruling, power, came to us]. (
Msb.) It is said in a
trad., إِلَّا أَنْ تَسْأَلَ ذَا سُلْطَان ٍ, meaning Unless thou ask the ruler, or governor, or the king, for thy due from the public treasury. (
Mgh.) And you say, قَدْ جَعَلْتُ لَكَ سُلْطَانًا عَلَى أَخْذِ حَقِّى مِنْ فُلَان ٍ I have given thee power, or authority, to take, or receive, my due from such a one. (
TA.) And لَا يَؤُمُّ الرَّجُلُ الرَّجُلَ فِى سُلْطَانِهِ [A man shall not take precedence of a man in his authority]; meaning, in his house, and where he has predominance, or superior power, or authority; nor shall he sit upon his cushion; for in doing so he would show him contempt. (
Mgh.)
b2: Strength, or hardness, of anything: (
M,
K:) sharpness of anything: force, or violence, of anything. (
TA.) The vehemence of winter. (
TK.) An excited and predominant state of the blood; or inflammation thereof. (
IDrd,
M,
K.) The flaming, or blazing, of fire. (
IDrd.)
b3: A proof; an evidence; an argument; a plea; an allegation;
syn. حُجَّةٌ, (
S,
M,
Mgh,
Msb,
K,) and بُرْهَانٌ: (
S,
Msb:) a حُجَّة being thus called because of the force with which truth attacks the mind: (
B:) or,
accord. to Mohammad Ibn-Yezeed, from سَلِيطٌ, (
M,
TA,) signifying
“ oil of olives,” because it enlightens: (
TA:) and in these senses it has no
pl., because it is used in the place of an
inf. n. (
S,
TA.)
Accord. to
I'Ab, it signifies حُجَّة wherever it occurs in the
Kur. (
TA.) But in the words of the
Kur [xvii. 35], فَقَدْ جَعَلْنَا لِوَلِّيِهِ سُلْطَانًا, the meaning may be either [We have given to his executor, or heir,] authority, and power, or absolute authority and power, or the like; or a plea, or the like. (
Mgh.) And again, in the
Kur [lxix. 29], هَلَكَ عَنِّى
سُلْطَانِيَهْ, the meaning may be My dominion, and my authority and power over men, has perished from me; or my plea. (
Bd,
B.) And sometimes it means A miracle; as in the words of the
Kur [li. 38], إِذْ أَرْسَلْنَاهُ إِلَى فِرْعَوْنَ بِسُلْطَان ٍ مُبِين ٍ [When we sent him to Pharaoh with a manifest miracle]. (
TA.)
Az says that it is sometimes
masc. because it has a
masc. form; and thus it is in the last of the instances above. (
TA.)
b4: Also A ruler, or governor, or the like; a king; a sovereign; (
S,
K,
TA;) a khaleefeh: (
TA:) these are its most common applications [in the writings of
post-classical times]: (
TA:) thus applied because the person so called is made to predominate; to have, or exercise, superior power or force; to have dominion, or the like: or because he is one of the evidences of God: (Aboo-Bekr,
TA:) or because he possesses proof or evidence [of his right]: or because by him pleas and rights are established: (
TA:) or because he enlightens the earth, (
Msb, *
B,) and is of great usefulness; (
B;) the word being derived from سَلِيطٌ [signifying “ olive-oil ”]: (
Msb:) it is of the measure فُعْلَانٌ: (
S:) and when [thus] applied to a person, it is
masc.: (
Msb:) or it is
masc. and
fem.: (
S,
TA:)
accord. to Mohammad Ibn-Yezeed, (
TA,)
fem. because it is [originally]
pl. of سَلِيطٌ applied to “ oil; ” as though the kingdom shone by him; or because it has the signification of حُجَّةٌ: and sometimes
masc., because regarded as meaning a man; (
K,
TA;) or because regarded as a
sing.: so says Mohammad Ibn-Yezeed; but
Az observes that none beside him says this:
Fr says that he who makes it
masc. regards it as meaning رَجُلٌ; and he who makes it
fem. regards it as meaning حُجَّةٌ: (
TA:) the
pl. is سَلَاطِينُ. (
S,
Msb.) It is also, itself, sometimes used as a
pl.; as in the phrase سَيِّدُ السُّلْطَانِ, used by a poet, meaning سَيِّدُ السَّلَاطِينَ [The lord of kings]; i. e. the khaleefeh: [but this may be rendered the lord of sovereign power, &c.:] or, as some say, the latter word is here
pl. of سَلِيطٌ, like as رُغْفَانٌ is
pl. of رَغِيفٌ. (
Msb.) سَلَطَانَةٌ, and سِلِطَانَةٌ, or سِلِطَّانَةٌ: see سَلِيطٌ.
سَلِيطٌ Strong, or hard; (
M,
K;) as also ↓ سَلِطٌ, (
M,) or ↓ سَلْطٌ. (
K.) You say, ↓ حَافِرٌ سَلِطٌ, (
M,) or ↓ سَلْطٌ, (
TA,) and سَلِيطٌ, (
M,
TA,) A strong, or hard, solid hoof. (
M,
TA.) and الحَافِرِ ↓ دَابَّةٌ سَلِطَةُ A beast having a strong, or hard, hoof. (
M.) And الخُفِّ ↓ بَعِيرٌ سَلِطُ A camel having a strong, or hard, foot. (
M.)
b2: Sharp; applied to anything. (
K.) You say also ↓ سَنَابِكُ سَلِطَاتٌ Sharp edges of the fore parts of hoofs. (
S,
TA.)
b3: Chaste in speech, or eloquent, (
S,
K,) and sharp in tongue: (
S:) an
epithet of praise when applied to the male, and of dispraise when [with ة] applied to the female: (
IDrd,
K:) also, (
K,) long-tongued; (
M,
K;) and so ↓ سَلِطٌ, (
M,) or ↓ سَلْطٌ; (
K;)
fem. سَلِيطَةٌ, and ↓ سَلَطَانَةٌ, (
M,
K,) and ↓ سِلِطَانَةٌ, (
K,) or ↓ سِلِطَّانَةٌ; (
M;) the last written [thus] with tesh-deed to the ط in the
JM., and there explained as signifying long-tongued and clamorous: (
TA:) or سَلِيطٌ signifies clamorous and foul-tongued; and so سَلِيطَةٌ applied to a woman: (
Msb:) or the latter, applied to a woman, clamorous: (
S:) or long-tongued and vehemently clamorous: (
Lth:) or سَلِيطَةُ اللِّسَانِ is applied to a woman in two senses; signifying sharp-tongued; and long-tongued. (
Az,
TA.) You say also, لِسَانٌ سَلِيطٌ, (
M,
K,) and ↓ سَلِطٌ, (
M,) or ↓ سَلْطٌ, (
K,) A long tongue. (
M,
K.)
A2: Oil of olives; (
S,
M,
Msb,
K;) so applied by the generality of the Arabs: but by the people of El-Yemen applied to oil of sesame, or sesamum: (
S,
M:)
IDrd, in the
JM, says the reverse; and
IF has followed him; but what
J says is right, as
Sgh, has observed in the O: (
TA:) also, (
K,) or as some say, (
M,) any oil expressed from grains or berries: (
M,
K:)
pl. سُلْطَانٌ. (
Msb,
K.) أَسْلَطُ More, and most, overcoming, prevailing, predominating, or superior in power or force. (
Har p. 661.)
b2: هُوَ أَسْلَطُهُمْ لِسَانًا He is the most chaste, or eloquent, and the sharpest, [&c., (see an
ex. voce سِلْقٌ,)] of them in tongue. (
S.)
