زهد
1 زَهِدَ فِيهِ, (
S,
A,
Mgh,
Msb,
K,) and عَنْهُ, (
S,
Mgh,
Msb,)
aor. ـَ (
S,
K;) [the most usual form of the verb;] and زَهَدَ,
aor. ـَ (
S,
Msb,
K;) which is the most approved form, though
MF says otherwise; (
TA;) and زَهُدَ,
aor. ـُ (
Th,
K;)
inf. n. زُهْدٌ and زَهَادَةٌ (
S,
Mgh,
Msb,
K) and زَهْدٌ; (
Sb,
TA;) He abstained from it; [meaning, from something that would gratify the passions or senses;] relinquished it; forsook it; shunned, or avoided, it; did not desire it; (
S,
A,
Mgh,
Msb,
K;)
contr. of رَغِبَ [i. e. of رَغِبَ فِيهِ], (
S,
K,) and
i. q. رَغِبَ عَنْهُ, (
A,
Mgh,) and لَمْ يُرِدْهُ, (
Mgh,) and تَرَكَهُ and أَعْرَضَ عَنْهُ: (
Msb:) or he abstained from it, meaning a thing of the lawfulness of which he was sure, so far as to take the least that was sufficient thereof, leaving the rest to God: (
MF:) or زَهَادَةٌ relates only to worldly things; and زُهْدٌ, to matters of religion: (
Kh,
Msb,
K:) or both signify the exercising oneself in the service of God, or in acts of devotion; as also ↓ تَزَهُّدٌ: (
KL:) he who makes a difference between زَهِدَ فِيهِ and زَهِدَ عَنْهُ errs. (
Mgh.)
b2: زَهَادَةٌ and زُهْدٌ also signify [particularly The being abstinent in respect of eating;] the eating little. (
A,
TA.)
b3: And زَهَدَ and ↓ ازهد He straitened his household, by reason of niggardliness or poverty. (
TA in art. زنق.)
A2: زَهَدَهُ,
aor. ـَ (
K,)
inf. n. زَهْدٌ, (
TA,) (
tropical:) He computed, or determined, its quantity, measure, size, bulk, proportion, extent, amount, sum, or number; or he computed by conjecture its quantity or measure &c., or the quantity of its fruit; as also ↓ ازهدهُ, (
K,
TA,)
inf. n. إِزْهَادٌ; and ↓ زهّدهُ,
inf. n. تَزْهِيدٌ: all used in relation to palm-trees. (
TA.) You say, زَهَدْتُ النَّخْلُ,
aor. and
inf. n. as above, (
tropical:) I computed by conjecture the quantity of the fruit upon the palm-trees. (Esh-Sheybánee,
S,
TA.) And زَهَدْتُ المَالَ (assumed
tropical:) I computed by conjecture the quantity, or amount, of the property; or the number of the camels or cattle. (
JK.) 2 زهّدهُ فِيهِ [and عَنْهُ] He made him, or caused him, to abstain from it; to relinquish it; to forsake it; to shun, or avoid, it; or to be not desirous of it; (
L,
Msb;)
i. q. زَغَّبَهُ عَنْهُ; (
L;)
trans. of زَهِدَ فِيهِ: (
Msb:) [i. e.] التَّزْهِيدُ فِى الشَّىْءِ and عَنْهُ is the
contr. of التَّرْغِيبُ فِيهِ. (
S,
K. *)
b2: And التَّزْهِيدُ is also (
tropical:)
syn. with التَّبْخِيلُ. (
K,
TA. [In the
CK, erroneously, التَّبْخِيلُ.]) One says, النَّاسُ يُزَهِّدُونَهُ and يُبَخِّلُونَهُ (
tropical:) [Men, or the people, impute to him, or accuse him of, niggardliness, or stinginess]. (
A,
TA.) And 'Adee. Ibn-Zeyd says, وَ لَلْبَخْلَةُ الأُولَى لِمَنْ كَانَ بَاخِلًا
أَعَقُّ وَمَنْ يَبْخَلْ يُلَمْ وَ يُزْهَّدِ i. e. (assumed
tropical:) [And verily the first single act of niggardliness, of him who is acting in a niggardly manner, is most undutious to parents; (
app. because generosity is what they enjoin above all things;) and he who is niggardly is blamed, and] is charged with being a niggard, a low or mean or sordid man. (
TA.)
b3: See also 1.
4 ازهد, (
JK,
L,)
inf. n. إِزْهَادٌ, (
JK,
S,
L,) He was, or became, one whose property was not desired, because of its littleness; (
JK,
L;) he possessed little property, (
S *
L,) which, because of its littleness, was not desired. (
L.)
b2: See also 1.
A2: ازهدهُ: see 1, near the end.
5 تزهّد He manifested, or made a show of, زُهْد [or abstinence, &c., generally meaning exercise in the service of God, or devotion]: (
KL:) [and] he devoted himself to the service of God, or to religious exercises; or applied himself to acts of devotion. (
S,
Msb.) See also 1.
6 تزاهدوهُ (assumed
tropical:) They contemned, or despised, him, or it. (
K.) It is said in a
trad., of wine-drinkers, تزاهدوا الحَدَّ, i. e. they contemned the حَدّ [or prescribed castigation]; held it in little, or mean, estimation; regarded it as a small thing. (
TA.) [See also what next follows.]
8 اِزْدَهَدَهُ (assumed
tropical:) He reckoned it little. (
K.) Yousay, فُلَانٌ يَزْدَهِدُ عَطَآءَ فُلَانٍ (assumed
tropical:) Such a one reckons little the gift of such a one. (
ISk,
S.) [See also what next precedes.]
زَهْدٌ (
tropical:) A small quantity. (
A.) You say, خُذْ زَهْدَ مَا يَكْفِيكَ (
JK,
S,
K) (
tropical:) Take thou the small quantity that is sufficient for thee: (
A:) or as much as is sufficient for thee. (
JK,
S.) زَهَدٌ (
tropical:) The poor-rate;
syn. زَكَاةٌ: (
A,
K:) mentioned by Aboo-Sa'eed, on the authority of Mubtekir El-Bedawee: so called,
accord. to Aboo-Sa'eed, because of its littleness; the زكاة of property being the least portion of it; or,
accord. to the
A, because the fortieth part [which is its general proportion] is little. (
TA.) So in the saying, مَا لَكَ تَمْنَعُ الزَّهَدَ (
tropical:) [What aileth thee that thou refusest the poor-rate?]. (
A,
TA.) أَرْضٌ زَهَادٌ (assumed
tropical:) Land that does not flow with water except in consequence of much rain: (
S:) or land that flows with water in consequence of the least rain; (
ISk,
JK, and
TA in art. حشد;) as also حَشَادٌ; (
ISk,
TA in art. حشد;) [
contr. of أَرْضٌ رَغَابٌ: see also زَهِيدٌ.] And زَهَادُ التِّلَاعِ (assumed
tropical:) The small water-courses. (
L.) زَهِيدٌ Who eats little; (
T,
K;) applied to a man; (
T;) [and] so زَهِيدُ الأَكْلِ; (
S;) or زَهِيدُ الطَّعْمِ: (
A:) and so زَهِيدٌ or زَهِيدَةٌ, (as in different places in the
T,) applied to a woman:
contr. of [رَغِيبٌ and] رَغِيبَةٌ. (
T.) You say, فُلَانٌ زَهِيدٌ ↓ زَاهِدٌ, i. e. [Such a one is abstinent, &c., and] a small eater. (
A.)
b2: (assumed
tropical:) Small in quantity or number: (
S,
Msb,
K:) so applied to a gift. (
S.)
b3: (assumed
tropical:) Contemptible, despicable, mean, or paltry. (
TA.)
b4: (
tropical:) A man who possesses, or does, little, or no, good. (
A,
TA.)
b5: (assumed
tropical:) A man (
Lh,
TA) narrow, or niggardly, in disposition; (
Lh,
K,
TA;) as also ↓ زَاهِدٌ; (
K;)
fem. of the former with ة: (
Lh,
TA:) a low, ignoble, ungenerous, mean, or sordid, man; such that one does not desire what he possesses; as also ↓ زَاهِدٌ. (
L.)
b6: هُوَ زَهِيدُ العَيْنِ, and لَهُ عَيْنٌ زَهِيدَةٌ, (
tropical:) He is content with little;
contr. of هُوَ رَغِيبُ العَيْنِ and لَهُ عَيْنٌ رَغِيبَةٌ. (
A,
TA.)
b7: وَادٍ زَهِيدٌ (assumed
tropical:) A narrow valley: (
JK,
K:) or a valley that takes, or receives, little water; (
ISh,
S,
TA;) that is made to flow by a slight quantity of water, even as much as a she-goat voids into it, because it is even and hard: (
ISh,
TA:)
contr. of وَادٍ رَغِيبٌ. (
TA in art. رغب.) [See also زَهَادٌ.] And زَهِيدُ الأَرْضِ (assumed
tropical:) What is narrow, of land; and that from which much water does not come forth:
pl. زُهْدَانٌ. (
L.) زِهِّيدٌ: see the next paragraph.
زَاهِدٌ
act. part. n. of زَهِدَ [i. e. Abstaining, or abstinent; relinquishing; forsaking; shunning, or avoiding; not desiring or desirous: and particularly abstaining from, or shunning, or retiring from, worldly pleasures; exercising himself in the service of God, or in acts of devotion; a devotee]: and ↓ زِهِّيدٌ has a similar, but intensive, meaning [i. e. abstaining much, or very abstinent; &c.]:
pl. of the former زُهَّادٌ. (
Msb,
TA.) See also زَهِيدٌ, in three places.
مُزْهِدٌ A man possessing little property, (
JK,
S,
A,) so that one does not desire it. (
JK.) It is said in a
trad., أَفْضَلُ النَّاسِ مُؤْمِنٌ مُزْهِدٌ, meaning [The most excellent of men is a believer] possessing little property. (
S, A.)
