اسف
1 أَسِفَ,
aor. ـَ
inf. n. أَسَفٌ, (
M,
Msb,
K,) He grieved, lamented, or regretted: and he was angry: (
Msb:) or he grieved exceedingly: and he was exceedingly angry: (
M:) or he grieved most intensely: (
K:) some say that أَسَفٌ signifies the grieving for a thing that has escaped; not in an absolute sense: (
MF:) or it properly signifies the rising, or swelling, or mantling, of the blood of the heart, from desire of vengeance; and when this is against an inferior, it is anger; but when against a superior, it is grief. (
Er-Rághib.) Mo-hammad, being asked respecting sudden death, answered, saying, رَاحَةٌ لِلْمُؤْمِنِ وَأَخْذَةُ أَسَفٍ لِلْكَافِرِ, or
accord. to one recital, ↓ أَسِفٍ, i. e. [Rest, or ease, to the believer, and an act of punishment] of anger [to the unbeliever], or of one who is angry. (
K.) You say, أَسِفَ عَلَى مَا فَاتَهُ,
inf. n. as above; (
S;) and ↓ تأسّف; (
S,
M, *
K; *) He grieved, or lamented, for, or at, or regretted, most intensely, what had escaped him: (
S,
M, *
K:) and أَسِفَ عَلَيْهِ, (
S,
K,)
inf. n. as above, (
S,) he was angry with him, or at it: (
S,
K:) or أَسِفَ فُلَانٌ عَلَى كَذَا وَكَذَا and ↓ تأسّف, signify,
accord. to some, such a one grieved, or lamented, for, or at, such and such things which had escaped him: or,
accord. to others, grieved, or lamented, most intensely. (
IAmb.) أَسَفًا in the
Kur xviii. 5 means,
accord. to Ed-Dahhák, جَزَعًا [i.e. In grief, or in most violent grief, &c.]: or,
accord. to Katádeh, in anger. (
TA.) And يَا أَسَفَا عَلَى يُوسُفِ, in the
Kur [xii. 84], means يَا جَزَعَاهُ [O my grief for Joseph: or O my most violent grief]. (
TA.) 4 آسفهُ (in [some of] the copies of the
K, erroneously, أَسَفَهُ,
TA) He angered him; made him angry: (
S,
M, *
O,
L,
Msb,
K:) and he grieved him; made him to grieve, or lament. (
M,*
TA.) 5 تَاَسَّفَ see 1, in two places.
b2: تَأَسَّفَتْ يَدَهُ (
tropical:)
i. q. تَشَعَّثَتْ [
app. meaning His hand became bruised, or mangled; or became cracked, or chapped]. (
M,
TA.) أَسَفٌ
inf. n. of 1, which see throughout. [Used as a
subst.,
i. q. أَسَافةٌ.]
أَسِفٌ (
M,
Mgh,
Msb) and ↓ اسِفٌ and ↓ أَسْفَانُ and ↓ أَسِيفٌ (
M,
TA) and ↓ أَسُوفٌ (
M) Angry: (
Mgh,
Msb,
TA:) or exceedingly angry. (
M.) For an
ex. of the first, see 1. See also أَسِيفٌ, in two places.
أَسْفَانُ: see أَسِفٌ: and أَسِيفٌ.
إِسَافٌ (
S,
M,
Sgh, &c.) and أَسَافٌ (
IAth,
K) A certain idol, (
S,
M,
K,) belonging to Kureysh, (
S,
M,) as was also نَائِلَةُ; (
S;) the former of which was placed, by 'Amr Ibn-Loheí, upon Es-Safà, and the latter upon El-Marweh; and he used to sacrifice to them, in front of the Kaabeh: (
S,
K:) or, (
S,
M,
K,) as some assert, (
S,) these two were two persons of Jurhum, (
S,
K,) a man and a woman, (
M,) اساف the son of 'Amr, and نائلة the daughter of Sahl, (
S,
K,) who committed fornication in the Kaabeh, and were therefore changed into two stones, (
S,
M,
K,) which Kureysh afterwards worshipped. (
S,
K.) [Other accounts of them are also given, slightly differing from the latter above.]
أَسُوفٌ: see أَسِيفٌ, in two places: and see أَسِفٌ.
أَسِيفٌ Grieving, lamenting, or regretting, (
K, *
TA,) most intensely, on account of a thing that has escaped: (
M,
TA:) and quickly affected with grief, (
S,
Mgh,
K,) and tender-hearted; as also ↓ أَسُوفٌ: (
S,
K:) or, as also ↓ أَسُوفٌ (
M) and ↓ أَسْفَانُ and ↓ آسِفٌ (
M,
TA) and ↓ أَسِفٌ , (
M,) grieving exceedingly: (
M:) or grieved: (
TA:) and sometimes the first signifies angry, and at the same time grieving, or lamenting: (
S:)
pl. أُسَفَآءُ. (
M.) See also أَسِفٌ.
b2: A slave: (
ISk,
S,
M,
K:) and a hired man: (
ISk,
M,
K:) because of their state of abasement and subjection:
fem. with ة: (
M:) and
pl. as above. (
S,
M.)
b3: A captive. (
TA.)
b4: A very old man: (
K:)
pl. as above: so in a
trad., in which the slaying of such is forbidden. (
TA.)
b5: One who scarcely, or never, becomes fat. (
K.)
b6: (assumed
tropical:) A region, or country, that does not give growth to anything, or produce any vegetation; as also أَسِيفَةٌ and ↓ أُسَافَةٌ and ↓ أَسَافَةٌ: (
M:) and ↓ أَسَافَةٌ also signifies (assumed
tropical:) thin, or shallow, earth: (
AHn,
M:) and أَرْضٌ أَسِيفَةٌ, (
tropical:) thin, or shallow, earth, which scarcely, or never, gives growth to anything, or produces any vegetation: (
S:) or which is not commended for its vegetation: (
A,
TA:) or, as also ↓ أُسَافَةٌ and ↓ أَسَافَةٌ, (assumed
tropical:) thin, or shallow, earth: or such as does not produce vegetation: and ↓ (assumed
tropical:) أَرْضٌ أَسِفَةٌ land which scarcely, or never, produces vegetation. (
K.) أَسَافَةٌ [Grief, lamentation, or regret: and anger: (see 1:) or] excessive grief: and excessive anger: (
M:) or most intense grief: (
K:) a
subst. from أَسِفَ. (
M,
K.)
b2: The state, or condition, of a slave: (
M,
K:) and, of a hired man. (
M.)
b3: (
tropical:) The state, or condition, of land which scarcely, or never, produces vegetation. (
K,
TA.)
A2: See أَسِيفٌ, in three places.
أَسَافَةٌ: see أَسِيفٌ, in two places.
آسِفٌ: see أَسِيفٌ: and أَسِفٌ.
