الْعِصْمَة المقومة: هِيَ الَّتِي يثبت بهَا للْإنْسَان قيمَة بِحَيْثُ من هتكها فَعَلَيهِ الْقصاص أَو الدِّيَة. فِي التَّلْوِيح الرَّقِيق مَعْصُوم الدَّم بِمَعْنى أَنه يكرم الشَّرْع لِأَن الْعِصْمَة نَوْعَانِ (مؤثمة) توجب الْإِثْم فَقَط على التَّقْدِير التَّعَرُّض للدم وَهِي بِالْإِسْلَامِ (ومقومة) توجب مَعَ الْإِثْم فَيقْتل الْحر بِالْعَبدِ قصاصا لِأَن مبْنى الضَّمَان على العصمتين والمالية لَا تحل بهما.
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