شغف

1 شَغَفَــهُ, (S, O, Msb, K,) aor. ـَ (Msb, K,) inf. n. شَغْفٌ, (Msb,) He, or it, struck, or smote, his شَغَاف; (O, K;) like كَبَدَهُ meaning “ he, or it, struck, or smote, his كَبِد ” [or “ liver ”]; (O, TA;) so says Yoo: (TA:) or it (i. e. love) rent the شَغَاف of his heart: (Fr, TA:) or it (love) reached his شَغَاف: (ISk, S, TA:) or شَغَفَ قَلْبَهُ it (love) reached the شَغَاف of his heart, i. e. his pericardium. (Msb.) I'Ab read, [in the Kur xii. 30,] قَدْ شَغَفَــهَا حُبًّا, and expl. the meaning to be [He has affected her so that] the love of him has entered beneath the شَغَاف: (S, TA:) or the meaning is, the love of him has struck, or smitten, her شَغَاف: (Lth, O, TA:) or he has rent the شَغَاف of her heart, i. e. its حِجَاب, [app. meaning her midriff,] so as to reach her heart, with love: (Bd:) Abu-l-Ash-hab read قَدْ شَغِفَــهَا حُبًّا, with kesr to the غ, [meaning he has became attached to her, or has loved her,] like the reading of Thábit El-Bunyánee, شَعِفَهَا, with kesr to the unpointed ء: (O, TA:) [for] شَغِفَــهُ, aor. ـَ [inf. n. app. شَغَفٌ,] signifies he became attached to him, or loved him. (K, TA.) One says also, شَغَفَــهُ المَالُ, meaning The property became embellished to him, [or pleasing to him,] so that he loved it. (Msb.) And شُغِفَ بِالشَّىْءِ, like عُنِىَ, He was, or became, vehemently desirous of the thing; or fond of it. (TA.) And شَغِفَ بِالشَّىْءِ, like فَرِحَ, He became disquieted, or disturbed, by the thing. (TA.) 5 مَا هٰذِهِ الفُتْيَا الَّتِى تَــشَغَّفَــتِ النَّاسَ, a saying of I'Ab, means [What is this judicial sentence] that has put vain suggestions into the minds of the people, and separated them? as though it entered the شَغَاف of their hearts. (TA.) [See also 1 in arts. شعب and شغب.]

شَغْفٌ: see شَغَافٌ in two places.

شَغَفٌ [app. inf. n. of شَغِفَ: and accord. to Fei, app., Love reaching to the pericardium; or heartfelt love; see an ex. in a verse cited voce بَلْ; and see also حُبٌّ, and شَعَفٌ;] a subst. from شَغَفَ قَلْبَهُ, said of love. (Msb.) A2: See also شَغَافٌ, in two places.

A3: Also The bark (نَجَب, AHn, O, or قِشْر, K) of the kind of tree called غاف. (AHn, O, K. *) شَغَافٌ The pericardium; i. e. the غِلَاف, (S, O, K,) or غِشَآء, (Msb,) of the heart: (S, O, Msb, K:) or [app. a mistake for “ and,” as will be shown by what follows,] its حِجَاب [generally meaning the midriff], (K,) [here said to be,] accord. to AHeyth, a certain fat that clothes the heart: (TA:) [J seems to confound the غِلَاف of the heart with its حِجَاب; for after “ the غَلاف of the heart,” he adds, “and it is a skin beneath it (دُونَهُ), like the حِجَاب: ”] or the حَبَّة (K) or the سُوَيْدَآء [both generally meaning the core] thereof: (O, K:) or the place of entrance (مَوْلج) of the phlegm: (Lth, O, K:) and ↓ شَغْفٌ and ↓ شَغَفٌ signify the same in the two senses, (K,) or in the first and second senses: (TA:) or القَلْب ↓ شَغْفُ and ↓ شَغَفُــهُ signify the same as شَغَافُهُ, accord. to AHeyth: (O:) the pl. of the شَغَاف of the heart is شُغُفٌ; which is metaphorically applied in a saying of 'Alee to the place of the fœtus [in the belly]. (TA.) A2: Also, (A'Obeyd, S, O, K,) and ↓ شُغَافٌ, (K,) the latter agreeable with analogy as the name of a disease, (TA,) A certain disease that attacks one, beneath the شَرَاسِيف [pl. of شُرْسُوفٌ, q. v.], in the right side: (A'Obeyd, S, O, K:) and (some say, TA) a pain of the belly: (K, TA: [in the CK, البَظْر is erroneously put for البَطْن:]) and (some say, TA) a pain of the شَغَاف of the heart: (K, TA:) accord. to As, شَغَافٌ signifies a certain disease in the heart, which, if it reaches to the spleen, kills the patient. (TA.) شُغَافٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

مَشْغُوفٌ Insane, or mad; (O, K;) like مَشْعُوفٌ. (O.) And مَشْغُوفٌ بِمَالٍ One to whom property is embellished [or rendered pleasing,] so that he loves it. (Msb.)

شعف

1 شَعَفَ, (S, O, K,) aor. ـَ (K,) inf. n. شَعَفٌ, though it is implied in the K, by its being said that the verb is like مَنَعَ, that it is شَعْفٌ, (TA,) He smeared, anointed, or overspread, a camel [suffering from the mange, or scab], with tar, (S, O, K, and Bd in xii. 30,) and burned him by so doing. (Bd ibid.) Imra-el-Keys says, لِيَقْتُلَنِى وَقَدْ شَعَفْتُ فُؤَادَهَا كَمَا شَعَفَ المَهْنُوْءَةَ الرَّجُلُ الطَّالِى

[That he should slay me, I having overspread her heart with love of me, like as the man anointing overspreads her (meaning the camel) that is smeared with tar]: but it is also related otherwise, i. e. قَطَرْتُ فُؤَادَهَا كَمَا قَطَرَ: (O, TA:) Aboo-'Alee El-Kálee says that she [the camel] that is smeared with tar experiences, by reason of the tar, a pleasurable sensation with a burning. (TA.) b2: Hence, [as indicated above,] قَدْ شَعَفَهَا حُبًّا [He has overspread and burned her heart with love]; as some read in the Kur xii. 30; others reading شَغَفَــهَا: (Bd:) [or he has burned her heart with love; for] شَعَفَهُ الحُبُّ means love burned his heart: (S:) there are two readings of the words of the Kur above; (O, K;) [as well as two other readings mentioned in art. شغف;] قَدْ شَعَفَهَا حُبًّا, (S, O, K,) one, a reading of El-Hasan (S, O) and others; meaning [as above: or], accord. to Az, he has diseased her heart with love, (S, * O,) and melted it: (O:) or, accord. to El-Hasan, he has penetrated into her with love: (S:) the other reading is قَدْ شَعِفَهَا حُبًّا, (O, K,) meaning he has become attached to her with love, and loved her excessively: (O:) [but it is also said that] شَعَفَنِى

حُبُّهُ means The love of him overspread my heart from above; (O, K;) from شَعَفَةٌ signifying the “ head ” of the heart, “at the place of suspension of [or from] the نِيَاط; ” (O, * K;) and in like manner, شُعِفْتُ بِهِ and بِحُبِّهِ, (O, and so in the CK,) or شَعِفْتُ: (so in other copies of the K, in which, and in the CK, the verb in this case is said to be like فَرِحَ: [but this I regard as a mistake:]) and شَعَفَ القَلْبَ He, or it, struck, or smote, the شَعَفَة, or uppermost part, of the heart: (Ham p.

545:) Az, however, says, I know not any one that has assigned to the heart a شَعَفَة, except Lth; and vehement love takes possession of the core (سَوَاد) of the heart; not of its extremity: [but] accord. to Fr, شُعِفَ بِفُلَانٍ, like عُنِىَ, means The love of such a one rose to the highest places of his heart: others say that الشعف [app. الشَّعَفُ] signifies the being frightened, and disquieted, like the beast when it is frightened; and that the Arabs transferred its attribution from beasts to human beings: (TA:) Abu-l-'Alà says that الشَّعَفُ signifies a thing's falling into the heart: (IB, TA:) one says also, شَعَفَهُ المَرَضُ Disease melted him: (TA:) and accord. to Az, شُعِفَ بِكَذَا means He became diseased by such a thing. (S.) شَعَفٌ: see شَعَفَةٌ, in two places. b2: Also The upper, or uppermost, part of the hump of the camel: (O, K:) Lth says that it is like the heads of truffles, and the three stones upon which the cooking-pot is placed, that are round in their upper, or uppermost, parts. (O.) A2: Also Vehemence of love: (L:) [or simply love: for] one says, أَلْقَى عَلَيْهِ شَعَفَهُ, meaning [He cast] his love [upon him, or it]; as also شَغَفَــهُ. (TA.) شَعَفَةٌ The head [or summit] of a mountain: (S, O, K:) and the upper, or uppermost, part of anything: (Ham pp. 130 and 545:) pl. ↓ شَعَفٌ [or rather this is a coll. gen. n., and accord. to Freytag it is used as a sing., in the two senses above mentioned, in the Deewán of Jereer,] and [the pl. is] شُعُوفٌ and شِعَافٌ and شَعَفَاتٌ: (S, O, K:) and ↓ شَعَفٌ is also expl. as signifying an elevated part of the earth or ground. (TA.) b2: Also A lock of hair (خُصْلَةٌ) upon the head, (K,) or upon the upper, or uppermost, part of the head. (O, TA.) And شِعَافٌ (its pl., TA) signifies The hair of the head: so in the phrase رَجُلٌ صُهْبُ الشِّعَافِ [A man whose hair of the head is red, or red in the outer part and black beneath, or of a red colour tinged over with blackness, &c.]. (S, O, K.) b3: And The [pendent lock of hair termed] ذُؤَابَة of a boy, or young man. (S.) b4: And شَعَفَةُ القَلْبِ signifies The head of the heart, at the place of suspension of [or from] the نِيَاط [q. v.]. (O, TA. [But see, in the first paragraph, what Az says respecting this meaning.]) شَعَافٌ, like سَحَابٌ, Love's making away with the heart. (TA.) شُعَافٌ Insanity, or madness. (O, K.) شُعَيْفَةٌ dim. of شَعَفَةٌ: pl. شُعَيْفَاتٌ.] One says, مَا عَلَى رَأْسِهِ إِلَّا شُعَيْفَاتٌ There is not upon his head aught save some small hairs of the [pendent lock of hair termed] ذُؤَابَة. (S, O, K.) مَشْعُوفٌ [Burned in the heart by love: (see 1:) or] diseased [therein]: (Az, S:) or struck, or smitten, in the شَعَفَة of his heart by love, or by fright, or by insanity, or madness. (O, K.) Insane, or mad. (O, K.) Bereft of his heart. (TA.) [See also مَشْغُوفٌ.]

غرِق: غَرِق: غار ورسب في الماء: ويقال: غرق المركب. (بوشر).
غَرِق، مجازاً: استغرق، شغف، شغل. يقال مثلا: غارق في تأمُل الأمور الإلهية، وغرق في النوم. (بوشر).
غَرِق صَدْوُره: تستعمل مجازاً بمعنى أن صدره غمرته الدموع عند البكاء. ففي ألف ليلة (1: 45) بكى بكاءً شديداً حتى غَرِق صدره.
عرِق: توحَّل، ساح في الوحل. (معجم الادريسي، معجم مسلم، أخبار ص9) = (المقري 1: 163، أخبار ص31).
غَرَّق (بالتشديد) غرق الماءُ الأراضي: غمرها (بوشر).
غُرَّق الموكبَ: أغرقه وغطّسه. (بوشر).
غرَّق: هدّم، خرّب. (بوشر).
غَرَّق في: رمى في هاوية، ألقي في هاوية، وورَّط في. (بوشر).
غَرَّق في الدم: ضرَّج، خضَّب. (بوشر).
غَرَّق فلاناً: جعله يغطس في الرمل والوحِل ويطمس فيها. (ياقوت 3: 162).
تغرَّق: انغمر، تغطس. (فوك، المعجم اللاتيني - العربي) تغرَّق، يقال مجازا: متغرق في بحر الأفكار، أي غارق في أفكاره، متعمق في تأملاته. (بوشر).
استغرق: استوعب. ومجازاً بمعنى شغل وشغف واستولى عليه الحال، ففي رياض النفوس (ص96 و) في كلامه عن صوفي: ثم استغرقه الحالُ. وفي كتاب الخطيب (ص34 ق) مع استغراق أوقاته.
استغرق: شغف، انصرف إلى. يقال مثلا: مستغرق في تأمل الأمور الإلهية.
استغرق: استثقل، انغمر. يقال مثلا: استغرق في النوم. (دي ساسي طرائف 1: 36).
شغل فكره بالتأمل. ففي مملوك (2، 2: 100) الغالب على الشيخ الاستغراق والغيبة.
استغرق: أغمى عليه، فقد الوعي (انظره في مادة غارق) وفي ألف ليلة (1: 803) فهو تارة يفيق وتارة يستغرق.
استغرق في: أوغل في البلاد. (ألف ليلة 1: 384).
استغرق: اشبع حاجات الناس واستجاب لرغباتهم. فالشاعر يقول:
مستغرق لُمنَى العافِينَ نائلُه
(معجم مسلم). وفي ملَر (ص34): وخزائنها تستغرق بطَوال الأعمار. أي أن خزائنها تحوي ما يكفي كفاية واسعة طول العمر، وفي مخطوطة أخرى في الاسكوريال قابل نصوصها السيد لافونيت بطلب مني: بطُول.
استغرق، لا يقال: استغرق في الضَّحِك فقط، بل استغرق ضَحِكاً ايضا (الخطيب ص22 ق) استغرق. مستغرق الذمة. (المقري 1: 467) ولم يتضح لي معناها.
غَرَق: انهيار التربة. (ألكالا).
غرق الأراضي: فيضان، طوفان. (بوشر).
غَرْقَة: غرق، طوفان عظيم. (بوشر) غَرْفَة عند البربر: وحل، طين، وَحِل، حمأة. (معجم الادريسي، شيرب، دلابورت ص40، مارتن ص170، هلو).
غَرْقان: غريق. (بوشر).
غَرْقان: غَرِق، موشك على الغَرَق (بوشر).
غرقان دم: مضَرّج بالدم. مُدَمَّى. متشحط بالدم. (بوشر).
غَرِيق: عميق بعيد الغور. يقال: محيط غرقان (هلو) (المقدمة 3: 382) ومقعر، مجوّف (هلو).
غَرِيق: غارق، غائر في الماء وراسب فيه، وجمعه غُرَقاء. (بوشر).
اتفَق عليه سُكْر غريق: سكر حتى فقد وعيه (شكوري ص194 ق).
غَرِيق: عامية غَرَق (محيط المحيط).
غروقة: حِكْر. إجارة طويلة الأمد. وصاحب غروقة: صاحب الحكر. المستأجر إجارة طويلة الأمد (بوشر) وانظر مادة غورق.
غارِق. غارق في عرقه: سابح في عرقه، مبلّل في عرقه، ينضح عرقاً. (بوشر).
غارِق. غارق في البُحران: فاقد الوعي، مغمى عليه. (بوشر).
إغْراق: إسهاب في الكلام، مبالغة، مغالاة. إفراط. (بوشر).
إغْراق: غُلّو. (ميهرن بلاغة ص12).
مَغْرَق: مَوْحِل، مستنقع. (ألكالا).
مَغْرُوق: مليء بالوحل. (ألكالا).
استغراق: موهبة غير محدودة، ملكة مطلقة. (رولاند) وقد كتبها استعراق بالعين وهو خطأ.

ضل

1 ضَلَلْتُ, (S, Mgh, * O, Msb, * K,) third Pers\.

ضَلَّ, (Mgh, Msb,) aor. ـِ (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K,) inf. n. ضَلَالٌ and ضَلَالَةٌ; (S, * O, * Msb;) and ضَلِلْتُ, (S, Mgh, * O, Msb, * K,) third Pers\. as above; (Mgh;) the former of the dial. of Nejd, and the more chaste; the latter of the dial. of the people of El-'Áliyeh, (S, Msb, TA,) and of El-Hijáz, and Kr has mentioned ضِلِلْتُ for ضَلِلْتُ as heard from the tribe of Temeem; (TA;) I erred, strayed, or went astray; (Mgh, Msb;) deviated from the right way or course, or from that which was right; missed, or lost, the right way; or lost my way; ضَلَالٌ and ضَلَالَةٌ signifying the contr. of رَشَادٌ, (S, O, TA,) and هُدًى. (K, TA.) [See ضَلَالٌ below.] Hence, in the Kur [xxxiv. 49], قُلْ إِنْ ضَلَلْتُ فِإِنَّمَا أَضِلُّ عَلَى نَفْسِى [Say thou, If I err, I shall err only against myself, i. e., to my own hurt]. (O, Msb. [See also x. 108 and xvii.16 of the Kur.]) One says also, ضَلَّ ضَلَالُهُ [app. His error became error indeed; a phrase similar to جَدَّ جِدُّهُ, q. v.: or his erring passed away; see 4, latter part]. (TA.) And ضَلَّ عَنِ القَصْدِ He deviated from the right way or course. (TA.) And the verb is trans. as well as intrans.: you say, ضَلَّ الطَّرِيقَ, and ضَلَّ عَنْهُ, aor. ـِ and ضَلَّ, (Mgh, Msb,) inf. ns. as above, meaning He erred, strayed, or went astray, from the road, or way; (Msb;) he did not find the way to the road: (Mgh, Msb:) and of anything stationary, if you miss the place thereof, you say ضَلَلْتُهُ and ضَلِلْتُهُ: (Az, Msb:) or you say, ضَلِلْتُ الطَّرِيقَ, (K,) or ضَلِلْتُ المَسْجِدَ, and الدَّارَ, (ISk, S, O,) [I missed, or lost, the right way to the road, or the mosque, and the house,] when you know not the place thereof: (ISk, S, O:) and in like manner, anything stationary, to which one does not find the way: (ISk, S, O, K:) and AA says the like: but that one says of a thing that falls from his hand, and a thing that quits its place, ↓ أَضْلَلْتُهُ, (IB, TA,) which means I lost it, and knew not its place; meaning, for instance, a horse, or she-camel, or the like: (Az, Msb:) [thus] one says, أَضْلَلْتُ بِعِيرِى [I lost my camel, and knew not his place,] (AA, ISk, S, IB, O) when his shank has been tied up to his arm and one does not find the way to him, and when he has been left loose and has gone away whither one knows not: (AA, IB, TA:) but Yoo differs from others respecting this case; for, accord. to him, one says, اضلّ فُلَانٌ بَعِيرَهُ and also ضَلَّهُ, in the same sense; (O, TA;) and the like is said in the K: (TA:) and it is also said in the Bári' that when you seek an animal and miss its place and find not the way to it, it is regarded as in the category of stationary things, and therefore you say ضَلِلْتُهُ. (Msb.) b2: ضَلَّ signifies also He was, or became, confounded, or perplexed, and unable to see his right course. (Ibn-Es-Seed, TA.) b3: Also, aor. ـِ (S, O, K) and ضَلَّ, (K,) the pret. being like زَلَّ and مَلَّ, (TA,) inf. n. ضَلَال, It (a thing, S, O, TA) became lost; [as though it went astray;] it perished, came to nought, or passed away. (S, O, K, TA.) Thus in the phrase ضَلَّ عَنِّى كَذَا Such a thing became lost from me. (Mgh.) One says to him from whom pieces of money have dropped, قَدْ ضَلَّتْ عَنْكَ [They have become lost from thee]. (TA.) And to him who has done a deed from which no profit has resulted, you say, قَد ضَلَّ سَعْيُكَ (tropical:) [Thy labour has been lost]: the like occurs in the Kur xviii. 104, meaning ضَاعَ. (TA, in two places.) b4: And (tropical:) He (a man, TA) died, and became dust and bones. (K, TA.) In this sense the verb is used in the Kur xxxii. 9: but some there read, in the place of ضَلَلْنَا, صَلِلْنَا [q. v.], with ص: (TA:) or the verb in that instance has the meaning here next following. (S.) b5: And (assumed tropical:) He, or it, (a man, S, TA, or a camel, Msb, and a thing, TA,) was, or became, unperceived or imperceptible, unapparent, latent, hidden or concealed, or absent, (S, Msb, K, TA.) Hence the phrase, ضَلَّ المَآءُ فِى اللَّبَنِ (tropical:) [The water became unperceived, or concealed, in the milk]. (TA.) One says of a road to which he has not been able to find the way, ضَلَّ عَنِّى

[It has become hidden from me]. (K, TA.) and hence also the saying of a man, as is related in a trad., (S, O, TA,) after his having charged his sons by saying to them, “When I die, burn ye me; and when I shall have become ashes, pound me; then scatter me in the water: ” (O, TA:) لَعَلِّى أَضِلُّ اللّٰه (S, O, TA) i. e. (assumed tropical:) May-be, I shall be unperceived by God, or concealed from Him: (S:) or may-be, I shall be hidden, or absent, from God's punishment: (O, TA:) or, as El-'Otbee says, may-be, I shall escape God, and my place will be hidden from Him. (TA.) And ضَلَّ said of one forgetting means (assumed tropical:) His memory became absent from him. (O, Msb, TA.) أَنْ تَضِلَّ إِحْدَاهُمَا, or إِنْ تَضِلَّ, in the Kur [ii. 282], accord. to different readers, (TA,) in which instance أَنْ and إِنْ are syn., (Mughnee, [see أَنْ, in p. 106, cols. 1 and 2,]) means If one of them twain [referring to women] be absent from her memory: or if the memory of one of them twain be absent from her: [or if one of them twain err in her memory:] or, accord. to Zj, the meaning of the verb in this case is that which next follows. (TA.) b6: ضَلِلْتُ الشَّىْءَ also signifies (assumed tropical:) I forgot the thing: whence one says of a woman, ضَلَّتْ أَيَّامَ حَيْضِهَا (assumed tropical:) [She forgot the days of her menstruation]; and so ↓ أَضَلَّتْهَا: (Mgh:) or ضَلَّ فُلَانًا (assumed tropical:) He was made, or caused, to forget such a one. (K. [In the CK, اُنْسِيْهِ is erroneously put for أُنْسِيَهُ.]) It is said that لَا يَضِلُّ رَبِّى, in the Kur xx. 54, means (assumed tropical:) My Lord will not be unmindful: or nothing will escape Him. (TA.) b7: And one says, ضَلَّنِى فُلَانٌ, (Msb, K,) or ضَلَّنِى فُلَانٌ فَلَمْ أَقْدَرْ عَلَيْهِ, (O,) meaning Such a one went away from me, (O, Msb, K,) and I was unable to compass him [or to find him]: so in the Bári'. (Msb.) A2: ضُلَّ, as a verb of wonder: see ضُلٌّ.2 ضلَلهُ, (S, MA, O, K,) inf. n. تَضْلِيلٌ and تَضْلَالٌ, (K,) He, or it, made, or caused, him to pursue a course that led to error, or deviation from the right way: (K: [see also 4:]) he, or it, led him astray; seduced him: (MA:) [or] he attributed, or imputed, to him error, or deviation from the right way. (S, MA, O.) ضُلِّلَ سَعْيُهُمْ, a phrase used by a poet, means Error, or deviation from the right way, was attributed to their labour; because they did not reach their goal. (Ham p. 771.) b2: [Hence,] one says, ضَلِّلْ مَالَكَ Send forth, or set free, thy cattle to pasture, or to pasture where they please, by themselves. (O.) b3: See also the next paragraph.4 اضلّهُ, inf. n. إِضْلَالٌ, He, or it, made him, or caused him, to err, stray, or go astray; to deviate from the right way or course, or from that which was right; to miss, or lose, the right way; or to lose his way. (Az, TA.) [See also 2, first sentence.] الإِضْلَالُ is of two sorts: one of these is the consequence of erring, or straying; either as in the case in which one says أَضْلَلْتُ البَعِيرَ (expl. above, see 1, former half); or the decreeing that one shall err, or stray, &c., because he has done so already, and this is sometimes the case when the إِضْلَال of a man is attributed to God: the other sort is the embellishing [or commending] to a man that which is false, or wrong, or vain, in order that he may err, or stray, &c.: and God's

إِضْلَال of a man is of two sorts; one of which has been expl. above; the other is God's so constituting man that when he observes [and pursues] a certain course, or way, [of acting or the like], whether it be such as is commended or such as is discommended, he habituates himself to it, and esteems it pleasant, and keeps to it, and finds it difficult to turn from it, wherefore it is said that custom is a second nature. (Er-Rághib, TA.) b2: Also He, or it, made, or caused, him, or it, to perish, or become lost; syn. أَهْلَكَهُ, (S, TA,) and أَضَاعَهُ, (El-Fárábee, S, O, Msb,) or ضَيَّعَهُ; (TA;) [اضاعهُ and ضيّعهُ signifying the same; and so اضلّهُ and ↓ ضللّٰهُ; whence,] أَلَمْ يَجْعَلْ كَيْدَهُمْ فِى تَضْلِيلٍ, in the Kur cv. 2, means [Did He not make their plot to be such as ended] in a causing to perish, or become lost, (فِى تَضْيِيعٍ,) and in annulment? (Ksh, Bd.) أَضَلَّ أَعْمَالَهُمْ, in the Kur [xlvii. 1 and 9, which may be rendered (assumed tropical:) He will cause their works to be lost, or to be of no effect], means, accord. to Aboo-Is-hák, He will not recompense them for their good works; the phrase being similar to the saying قَدْ ضَلَّ سَعْيُكَ [expl. above]. (TA.) And أَضَلَّ اللّٰهُ ضَلَالَكَ (assumed tropical:) [May God make thine erring to be no more, or to come to an end,] is expl. by ISk as meaning may thine erring pass away from thee, so that thou shalt not err; and he adds that the saying مَلَّ مَلَالُكَ means ذَهَبَ عَنْكَ حَتَّى لَا تَمَلَّ. (TA.) b3: Also (tropical:) He buried, and hid, or concealed, him, or it. (K, TA.) Yousay, أُضِلَّ المَيِّتُ (tropical:) The dead was buried. (S, O.) The phrase أَضَلَّتْ بِهِ أُمُّهُ, meaning (tropical:) His mother buried him, in a verse cited by IAar, is extr., or anomalous. (TA.) b4: And He found him to be erring, straying, going astray; deviating from the right way or course, or from that which was right; missing, or losing, the right way; losing his way; not rightly directed, or not finding the way to the truth: like as one says أَحْمَدَهُ, and أَبْخَلَهُ. (TA.) b5: And you say, أَضَلَّنِى كَذَا, meaning (assumed tropical:) Such a thing was, or became, beyond my power, or compass. (IAar, Msb, TA.) b6: See also 1, near the end.5 تظلّل It went away: so in the saying, تضلّل المَآءُ مِنْ تَحْتِ الحَجَرِ [The water went away from beneath the stone]. (O, TA.) 6 تضالّ He feigned himself to be erring, straying, going astray; deviating from the right way or course, or from that which was right; missing, or losing, the right way; or losing his way. (O, TA.) 10 استضلّ ضَلَالُهُ His erring demanded that he should err [the more], so that he did err [the more: like as erring is said to be a cause of one's being made to err: see 4: and see also ضَلَّ ضَلَالُهُ, near the beginning of the art.]: so in the saying of Aboo-Dhu-eyb, رَآهَا الفُؤَادُ فَاسْتَضَلَّ ضَلَالُهُ [The heart beheld her, and his erring demanded that he should err &c.]. (Skr, S, TA.) ضَلٌّ: see ضَلَالٌ.

ضُلٌّ: see ضَلَالٌ. b2: [Also, app. as meaning A lost state; a state of perishing, coming to nought, or passing away;] a subst. from ضَلَّ signifying ضَاعَ and هَلَكَ. (S, TA.) b3: And hence [its usage, in the manner of a proper name, in] the saying, هُوَ ضُلُّ بْنُ ضُلٍّ, (S,) which means, (S, O, K,) as also ↓ هُوَ ضِلُّ بْنُ ضِلٍّ, (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K,) He is the unknown, the son of the unknown; (S, Z, O, K;) and in like manner, بْنُ التَّلَالِ ↓ الضَّلَالُ; (S, O;) and قُلُّ بْنُ قُلٍّ: (TA:) or he is one in whom is no good: (K:) or he is one who persists in error. (M, K.) b4: [Hence also, perhaps, it is said that]

يَا ضُلَّ مَا تَجْرِى بِهِ العَصَا [in the CK ضَلَّ] meansيَا فَقْدَهُ and يَا تَلَفَهُ [i. e., app., O the loss, or O the coming to nought, of that by reason of which the mare El-'Asà is running!]: (K, TA:) a prov.; said by Kaseer Ibn-Saad to Jedheemeh El-Abrash, when he went with him to Ez-Zebbà; for when they were within her province, he repented, and Kaseer said to him, “Mount this my horse, and escape upon him, for his dust will not be cloven [by the pursuer,” i. e. he will not be overtaken]: (TA: [but the mare is thus made a male:]) or it was said by 'Amr Ibn-'Adee, when he saw El-'Asà, the mare of Jedheemeh, with Kaseer upon her: قَوْمُ is suppressed after يا; and ↓ ضُلَّ is of the forms [of verbs] denoting wonder, originally ضَلُلَ, with damm, like حُبَّ in the phrase حُبَّ بِفُلَانٍ, originally حَبُبَ; and the meaning of the prov. is, O people, what a case of perdition is that by reason of which El-'Asà is running! i. e., the death of Jedheemeh. (Meyd.) b5: ضُلٌّ بِتَضْلَالٍ [in CK ضَلٌّ] means A vain, or futile, thing: (S, O, K:) [or a vain, misleading thing; تَضْلَالٌ being an inf. n. of ضَلَّلَ:] 'Amr Ibn-Shás El-Asadee says, تَذَكَّرْتُ لَيْلَى لَاتَ حِينَ ادِكَارِهَا وَقَدْ حُنِىَ الأَضْلَاعُ ضُلٌّ بِتَضْلَالِ [I remembered Leylà when it was not a time for remembering her, the ribs having become bent by the bending of the back with age: it was a vain, misleading thing]. (S, O.) b6: ضُلُّ أَضْلَالٍ: see ضِلَّةٌ.

هُوَ ضِلُّ بْنُ ضِلٍّ: see ضُلٌّ. b2: ضِلُّ أَضْلَالٍ: see ضِلَّةٌ.

ضَلَّةٌ Confusion, or perplexity, and inability to see the right course: (K:) [or error: for] one says, فَعَلَ ذٰلِكَ ضَلَّةً He did that in error (فِى

ضَلَالَةٍ): and ذَهَبَ ضَلَّةً He went away not knowing whither he went: (TA:) and فُلَانٌ يَلُومُنِى ضَلَّةً

Such a one blames me wrongly: (S, O:) [or, behind my back, or in my absence: for] ضَلَّةٌ signifies also speech respecting a person behind his back, or in his absence; relating to good and to evil. (M, K, TA.) A2: [Freytag explains it as signifying also One in whom is no good, on the authority of Meyd.]

ضُلَّةٌ Skill in guiding, or directing aright, in journeying. (Fr, K, * TA.) ضِلَّةٌ: see ضَلَالٌ. b2: [Hence,] هُوَ ابْنُهُ لِضِلَّةٍ (tropical:) He is his son unlawfully begotten, or not trueborn. (Az, A, K, TA.) b3: ذَهَبَ دَمُهُ ضِلَّةً (tropical:) His blood went unrevenged, or without retaliation. (K, TA.) b4: And هُوَ تِبْعُ ضِلَّةٍ, (Th, O, K, TA,) with kesr to the ت and to the ض, (TA,) [in the CK, erroneously, تَبَعُ,] and تِبْعٌ ضِلَّةٌ, (K, TA,) thus related by IAar, (TA,) but the former only accord. to Th, (TA in art. تبع,) (assumed tropical:) He is a follower of women: (TA in that art.:) or he is one in whom is no good, and with whom is no good: (IAar, Th, TA:) or he is a very cunning man (دَاهِيَةٌ), one in whom is no good; (IAar, O, K, TA;) and so تِبْعُ صِلَّةٍ, (O, L, TA,) as some relate it; (L, TA;) and in like manner, أَضْلَالٍ ↓ ضِلُّ, (Lh, O, K, TA,) and أَضْلَالٍ ↓ ضُلُّ, (K, TA,) and صِلُّ

أَصْلَالٍ, [q. v.,] which is with kesr only, (K, TA,) a phrase similar to ضِرُّ أَضْرَارٍ. (TA in art. ضر.) ضَلَلٌ: see ضَلَالٌ. b2: Also Water (O, K) running (K) beneath a rock, which the sun does not reach: (O, K:) one says مَآءٌ ضَلَلٌ: (O:) or running among trees. (K.) [See also ضَلَلٌ.]

ضَلَالٌ [an inf. n. of 1: used as a simple subst.,] Error; contr. of رَشَادٌ, (S, O, TA,) and of هُدًى; (K, TA;) as also ↓ ضَلَالَةٌ, (S, O, K,) and ↓ ضَلٌّ, and ↓ ضُلٌّ, and ↓ ضِلَّةٌ, and ↓ ضَلَلٌ, and ↓ ضَلْضَلَةٌ, (K,) and ↓ ضُلَضِلَةٌ, (O, TA,) and ↓ أُضْلُولَةٌ, (K,) of which last the pl. is أَضَالِيلُ, (Lth, O, TA,) as in the saying تَمَادَى فِى أَضَالِيلِ الهَوَى [He persevered in the errors of love], (TA,) or أَضَالِيلُ, as some say, has no sing., or its sing. is supposed, or has been heard, and is أُضْلُولَةٌ or أُضْلُولٌ or إِضْلِيلٌ or some other form: (MF, TA:) the primary signification of الضَّلَالُ is the going away from the right course, or direction: (Ham p. 357:) or it signifies, accord. to Ibn-El-Kemál, the loss, or missing, of that which brings, or conducts, to the object sought: or, as some say, the pursuing a way that will not bring, or conduct, to that object: or, accord. to Er-Rághib, the deviating from the right way: and it is said to be any deviation from that which is right, intentional or unintentional, little or much; because the right and approved way is very difficult; wherefore it may be used of him who commits any mistake whatever, and is imputed to prophets and to unbelievers, though between the ضلال of the former and that of the latter is a wide difference: and in another point of view, it is of two sorts; one is in the speculative departments of knowledge, as in acquaintance with the unity of God, and with the prophetic function or office, and the like, indicated in the Kur iv. 135; or it is in the practical departments of knowledge, as in acquaintance with the ordinances of the law, that is, religious services. (TA.) b2: Also A state of perdition: so in the Kur liv. 24: (S, O:) [and in like manner ↓ ضَلَالَةٌ; for] ضَلَالَةُ العَمَلِ signifies The annulled and lost state of work. (TA.) b3: And Absence, or a state of concealment. (Msb. [This is there said to be the primary signification.]) b4: هُوَ الضَّلَالُ بْنُ التَّلَالِ see expl. voce ضُلٌّ.

ضَلُولٌ: see ضَالٌّ.

ضَلَالَةٌ: see ضَلَالٌ, in the beginning, and near the end, of the paragraph. One says, هِىَ الضَّلَالَةُ وَالتَّلَالَةُ; (S, O;) in which the latter noun is an imitative sequent. (S and K in art. تل.) ضِلِّيلٌ A man (S, O) who errs, strays, goes astray, or deviates from the right way or course, much, or often: (S, O, K:) or (tropical:) who errs, &c., much, or often, in religion: (TA:) and ↓ مُضَلَّلٌ, (S, TA,) which in some of the copies of the S is written thus and also مُضَلِّل, (TA,) signifies the same; (S, TA;) or one who is not disposed, or directed, to good; in the K, الّذى لا يُوَفِّى بِخَيْرٍ, [or يُوفِى بخير, as in the CK,] but correctly الّذى

لا يُوَفَّقُ لِخَيْرٍ; or, as some say, a committer of errors, and of false, wrong, or vain, actions: and ضِلِّيلٌ is also expl. as signifying one who will not desist from error. (TA.) Imra-el-Keys was called المَلِكُ الضِّلِّيلُ [The much-erring king], (S, O, K, TA, [in the CK, erroneously, الضَّلِيلُ,]) and ↓ الملك المُضَلَّلُ. (K.) ضَالٌّ Erring, straying, or going astray; deviating from the right way or course, or from that which is right; missing, or losing, the right way; or losing his way; (S, * Msb, TA;) and ↓ ضَلُولٌ is syn. therewith; (K;) [or rather with ضِلِّيلٌ, accord. to a general rule:] pl. of the former ضُلَّالٌ, [of which see an ex. in a verse cited voce رِسْلٌ,] and ضُالُّونَ: [in the Kur i. last verse,] some read وَلَا الضَّأَلِّينَ, to avoid the concurrence of two quiescent letters. (TA.) You say ضَالٌّ تَالٌّ; (S, O;) in which the latter epithet is an imitative sequent. (S and K in art. تل.) b2: [Also Becoming lost; &c. b3: And Forgetting. It is said that] وَأَنَا مِنَ الضَّالِّينَ [in the Kur xxvi. 19] means (assumed tropical:) I being of those that forgot. (K, TA.) And اِمرَأَةٌ ضَالَّةٌ means (assumed tropical:) A woman forgetting the days of her menstruation. (Mgh.) ضَالَّةٌ an epithet in which the quality of a subst. is predominant, (IAth, TA,) A stray; i. e. a beast that has strayed: (S, O, TA:) or a camel remaining in a place where it is lost, without an owner (K, TA) that is known: (TA:) or a lost animal (IAth, Msb, TA) or other thing, whatever it be: (IAth, TA:) applied to the male and to the female, (S, O, Msb, K,) and to two and to a pl. number: (TA;) and it has for its pl. ضَوَالُّ, (Msb, TA,) like دَوَابُّ pl. of دَابَّةٌ. (Msb.) It is said in a trad., ضَالَّةُ المُؤْمِنِ حَرَقُ النَّارِ [expl. in art. حرق]. (TA.) And one says, الحِكْمَةُ ضَالَّةُ المُؤْمِنِ (assumed tropical:) [Wisdom is the object of persevering quest of the believer]; meaning that the believer ceases not to seek wisdom like as a man seeks his stray. (TA.) ضَلَضِلٌ and ↓ ضَلَضِلَةٌ, (As, S,) as though contracted from ضَلَاضِلٌ [and ضَلَاضِلَةٌ], (S,) or أَرْضٌ

↓ ضَلَضِلَةٌ and ضَلَضِلٌ [in the CK ضَلَضَلَةٌ and صَلَضَلٌ] and ↓ ضُلَضِلَةٌ and ↓ ضُلَضِلٌ (K) and ↓ ضُلَاضِلٌ (Lh, K) and ضُلْضُلَةٌ, (IDrd, K,) Rugged land or ground. (As, S, K.) And مَكَانٌ ضَلَضِلٌ, originally ضَلَاضِيلُ, A hard, stony place. (Fr, TA.) b2: Also, (so in the K,) i. e. (TA) ضَلَضِلٌ and ↓ ضَلَضِلَةٌ, accord. to As, (O, TA,) or ↓ ضُلَضِلَةٌ, (S, O, TA,) [said to be] the only instance of its kind among reduplicate words, (S, O, TA, [in which last the same assertion is quoted from the T, app. in relation to the last, or last but one, of these words,]) and, as in the JM, ↓ ضُلْضُلَةٌ, (O, TA,) A stone, (As, S, O,) or stones, (K,) such as a man can lift from the ground and carry: (As, S, O, K:) or, accord. to the T, ضلضلة [thus in the TA, app. ↓ ضَلَضِلَةٌ or ↓ ضُلَضِلَةٌ,] signifies any stone such as a man can lift from the ground and carry, or above that, smooth, found in the interiors of valleys. (TA.) ضُلَضِلٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

A2: Also, (IAar, O, TA,) in the K, erroneously, صُلَضِلَةٌ, (TA.) and ↓ ضُلَاضِلٌ, A skilful guide of the way. (IAar, O, K, TA.) ضَلْظَلَةٌ: see ضَلَالٌ.

ضُلْضُلَةٌ: see ضَلَضِلٌ, in two places. b2: ضَلَاضِلُ المَآءِ, (O, K,) and صَلَاصِلُهُ, (O,) [said in the O, in this art., to be pls. of which the sings. are ضُلَضِلَةٌ and صُلَصِلَةٌ, but the sings. are correctly ضُلْضُلَةٌ and صُلْصُلَةٌ, (see the latter of these two in its proper art.,)] The remains of water: (O, K:) so says Lh. (O.) ضَلَضِلَةٌ: see ضَلَضِلٌ, in four places.

ضُلَضِلَةٌ: see ضَلَالٌ: b2: and مَضَلَّةٌ: b3: and ضَلَضِلٌ, in three places.

ضُلَاضِلٌ: see ضَلَضِلٌ: A2: and ضُلَضِلٌ.

أُضْلُولَةٌ: see ضَلَالٌ.

وَقَعَ فِى وَادِى تُضُلِّلَ, (Ks, S, O, K, *) like تُخُيِّبَ and تُهُلِّكَ, all imperfectly decl., (S, O,) and تُضَلِّلَ, (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K,) and تَضَلِّلَ, with two fet-hahs, and تِضِلِّلِ, with two kesrehs, (Ibn-'Abbád, O, TA,) meaning البَاطِل [i. e. (assumed tropical:) He fell into that which was vain, unreal, nought, futile, or the like, and consequently, into disappointment]: (Ibn-'Abbád, S, O, K, TA:) or, accord. to the A, وَقَعُوا فى وادى تضلّل means (tropical:) They perished. (TA.) طَرِيقٌ مُضِلٌّ A road that causes to go astray, or to deviate from the right course. (TA.) And, accord. to As, مُضِلٌّ signifies A land (أَرْضٌ) in which one loses his way. (TA. [See also the next paragraph.]) [Hence,] فِتْنَةٌ مُضِلَّةٌ means[A trial, or sedition, or discord, &c.,] that causes men to go astray, or to deviate from that which is right. (TA.) And [hence also,] المُضِلُّ meansThe سَرَاب [or mirage]. (TA.) مَضَلَّةٌ a subst. like مَجْبَنَةٌ and مَبْخَلَةٌ [i. e., as such, signifying A cause of erring, straying, going astray, or deviating from the right way or course or from that which is right, &c.]: (TA:) [and used in the manner of an epithet:] one says أَرْضٌ مَضَلَّةٌ A land that causes one to err, &c.: (TA:) or, as also ↓ مَضِلَّةٌ, (S, O, Msb, K, TA, [in the CK مِضَلَّةٌ,]) and ↓ ضُلَضِلَةٌ, (O, K,) a land in which one errs, or strays, from the [right] way; (S, O, Msb, K; *) in which one does not find the right way: and خَرْقٌ مضلّةٌ [A desert, or farextending desert, &c., in which one errs, &c.]: it is used alike as masc. and fem. and pl.: but one says also أَرَضُونَ مضلّاتٌ. (TA.) مَضِلَّةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

مُضَلَّلٌ: see ضِلِّيلٌ, in two places.

مُتَضَالٌّ [part. n. of 6, q. v.]. One says, إِنَّكَ تَهْدِى الضَّالَّ وَلَا تَهْدِى المُتَضَالَّ [Verily thou wilt direct aright the erring, &c., but thou wilt not direct aright him who feigns himself to be erring, &c.]. (S, O.)

حب

1 حَبَّ [signifying He, or it, was, or became, loved, beloved, an object of love, affected, liked, or approved, is originally حَبُبَ or حَبِبَ]. Yousay, حَبَّ إِلَىَّ هٰذَا الشَّىْءُ, [aor. ـُ or حَبَّ,] inf. n. حُبٌّ, This thing was, or became, an object of love to me. (K. [The meaning is there indicated, but not expressed. In the CK, الشَّىءَ is erroneously put for الشَّىْءُ.]) And حَبُبْتُ إِلَيْهِ I became loved, beloved, or an object of love, to him: [said to be] the only instance of its kind except شَرُرْتُ and لَبُبْتُ. (K.) And مَا كُنْتَ حَبِيبًا وَلَقَدْ حَبِبْتَ, with kesr, Thou wast not loved, and thou hast become loved. (S.) See also 5. b2: حَبَّ, formed from حَبُبَ, by making the former ب quiescent and incorporating it into the latter, is also a verb of praise [signifying Beloved, lovely, pleasing, charming, or excellent, is he, or it]; (TA;) and so حُبَّ, [which is more common,] formed from the same, by incorporating the former ب into the latter after transferring the dammeh of the former to the ح. (ISk, S, TA.) A poet says, وَزَادَهُ كَلَفًا فِى الحُبِّ أَنْ مَنَعَتْ وَحَبَّ شَيْئًا الَى الانْسَانِ مَا مُنِعَا [And her denying increased his devotion in love: for lovely, as a thing, to man, is that which is denied]. (TA.) And Sá'ideh says, هَجَرَتْ غَضُوبُ وَحَبَّ مَنْ يَتَجَنَّبُ وَعَدَتْ عَوَادٍ دُونَ وَلْيِكَ تَشْعِبُ [Ghadoob hath forsaken thee, (and lovely is the person who withdraweth far away,) and obstacles in the way of thy drawing near have occurred to separate thee and her]. (S, TA.) [See also حَبَّذَا, below.] b3: [Both are also verbs of wonder.] Yousay, حَبَّ بِفُلَانٍ, (As, S, and so in copies of the K,) and حُبَّ, (I 'Ak p. 236, [where both forms are mentioned as correct,] and so in the CK,) How beloved, or lovely, &c., is such a one (As, S, K) to me! (As, S.) [See also 4.] A'Obeyd and Fr read this حَبَّ, saying that it means حَبُبَ بفلان, and that the former ب is rendered quiescent by the suppression of its dammeh, and incorporated into the latter. (S, * TA.) A2: See also 4, in two places.

A3: Also حَبَّ, [aor., accord. to analogy, حَبِّ,] He stood still, stopped, or paused. (K.) A4: And حُبَّ, with damm, He was fatigued, or tired. (K.) 2 حبّبهُ إِلَىَّ He, or it, [rendered him, or it, an object of love, lovely, or pleasant, to me;] made me to love, affect, like, approve, or take pleasure in, him, or it. (K.) You say, حبّبهُ إِلَىَّ

إِحْسَانُهُ [His beneficence made him an object of love to me]. (A, TA.) And حَبَّبَ اللّٰهُ إِلَيْهِ الإِيمَانَ [God made faith lovely to him]. (A, TA.) and حُبِّبَ إِلَىَّ بِأَنْ تَزُورَنِى [Thy visiting me hath been made pleasant to me]. (A, TA.) A2: حبّب الدَّوَآءَ [He formed the medicine into pills, or little clots or balls: see its quasi-pass., 5]. (K in حثر, &c.) A3: And حبّب He filled a water-skin &c. (AA, TA.) A4: See also 5.3 مُحَابَّةٌ, (S,) or مُحَابَبَةٌ, (K,) and حِبَابٌ signify the same [as inf. ns. of حابّ]. (S, K.) [You say, حابّ بَعْضُهُمْ بَعْضًا They loved, affected, liked, approved, or took pleasure in, one another.] and حابّهُ He acted, or behaved, in a loving, or friendly, manner with him, or to him. (A, TA.) b2: See also 4.4 احبّهُ, (S, A, Msb, K,) inf. n. إِحْبَابٌ; (KL;) and ↓ حَبَّهُ, (S,) first Pers\. حَبَبْتُهُ, (Msb, K,) aor. ـِ which is anomalous, (S, Msb, K,) the regular aor. being حَبُ3َ, which is unused, (Msb,) [said to be] the only instance of a trans. verb whose second and third radical letters are the same having the measure يَفْعِلُ as that of its aor. without having also the measure يَفْعُلُ, (S,) and therefore by some disapproved, as not chaste, and disallowed by Az, though he allows the pass. form حُبَّ, (TA,) inf. n. حُبٌّ, (K,) or this is a simple subst., (Msb,) and حِبٌّ; (K;) and [↓ حَبَّهُ,] first Pers\. حَبِبْتُهُ, aor. ـَ and ↓ حَابّهُ, inf. n. حِبَابٌ, of the dial. of Hudheyl; (Msb;) and ↓ استحبّهُ; (Msb, K;) signify the same; (S, Msb, K;) He loved, affected, liked, approved, or took pleasure in, him, or it: (A, K, and KL in explanation of the first and last:) he held him, or esteemed him, as a friend: (KL in explanation of the first and last:) or اِسْتِحْبَابٌ signifies the esteeming [a person or thing] good: (S:) and the preferring, or choosing, [a person or thing,] as also إِحْبَابٌ: (KL:) and استحبّهُ عَلَى غَيْرِهِ means he loved, or esteemed, him, or it, above another, or others; preferred him, or it, to another, or others. (K, A, * TA.) مَا أَحَبْتُ ذٰلِكَ, in the dial. of the tribe of Suleym, is for ما أَحْبَبْتُهُ [I loved not, or liked not, that]; like ظَنْتُ for ظَنَنْتُ, and ظَلْتُ and ظِلْتُ for ظَلِلْتُ. (Lh, TA.) [أُحِبُّ أَنْ يَكوُنَ كَذَا may be rendered I would that it were thus, or that such a thing were.] It is said of Ohod, in a trad., هُوَ جَبَلٌ يُحِبُّنَا وَنُحِبُّهُ, meaning It is a mountain whose inhabitants love us, and whose inhabitants we love: or it may mean we love the mountain itself, because it is in the land of people whom we love. (IAth, TA.) And one says فِى سَاعَةٍ يُحِبُّهَا الطَّعَامُ for يُحَبُّ فِيهَا [In an hour, or a time, in which food is loved, or liked]. (TA.) b2: مَا أَحَبَّهُ

إِلَىَّ i. q. حَبَّ بِهِ [How beloved, lovely, pleasing, charming, or excellent, is he, or it, to me!]; (As, S, K, * TA;) and so أَحْبِبْ إِلَىَّ بِهِ. (A, TA.) [De Sacy, in his Gram. Ar., sec. ed., ii. 221, mentions the saying, مَا أَحَبَّ المُؤْمِنَ للّٰهِ وَمَا أَحَبَّهُ إِلَى اللّٰهِ, as meaning How greatly does the believer love God! and how great an object of love is he to God!]

A2: احبّ, (S, K,) inf. n. as above, (S,) also signifies He (a camel) kneeled and lay down, and would not spring up: (K:) or was restive: or kneeled and lay down: (S:) or was afflicted by a fracture, or disease, and would not move from his place until cured, or remained there until he died: (Az, S, K:) or became jaded: (TA: [agreeably with this last explanation the act. part. n. is rendered in the S and K on the authority of Th:]) or was at the point of death, by reason of violent disease, and therefore kneeled and lay down, and could not be roused. (AHeyth, TA.) Accord. to AO, أَحْبَبْتُ حُبَّ الخَيْرِ عَنْ ذِكْرِ رَبِّى [in the Kur xxxviii. 31] means I have stuck to the ground, on account of my love of the horses, [lit., of good things,] and so been diverted from prayer, until the time of prayer has passed: (TA:) by الخير is meant الخَيْل. (Jel.) A3: Also He became in a state of recovery from his disease. (K.) A4: And It (seed-produce) had, bore, or produced, grain. (S, K.) 5 تجبّب He manifested, or showed, love, or affection, (S, K,) إِلَيْهِ to him. (S.) تحبّب and ↓ حَبَّ are both syn. with تُودّد. (TA.) b2: [Also, app., He became, or made himself, an object of love or affection to him: see مُحَبَّبٌ, said to be syn. with مُتَحَبِّبٌ.]

A2: He became swollen, or inflated, like a jar (حُبّ), from drinking. (A, TA.) b2: It (a water-skin &c.) became full. (AA, TA.) b3: He began to be satiated with drink. (K.) b4: He (an ass &c.) became filled with water: (S:) and ↓ حَبَّبَ also is used in this sense, but ISd doubts its correctness: (TA:) one says, شَرِبَتِ الإِبِلُ حَتَّى حَبَّبَتْ The camels drank until they were satiated. (S.) A3: تحبّب الجَلِيدُ كَاللُّؤْلُؤِ الصِّغَارِ [The hoar-frost formed into grains like small pearls]. (TA in art. صأب.) b2: تحبّب الرِّيقُ عَلَى الأَسْنَانِ [The saliva formed, or collected, in little bubbles upon the teeth]. (Az, TA.) b3: تَقَطَّعَ اللَّبَنُ وَتَحَبَّبَ [The milk became decomposed, and formed little clots of curd]. (S in art. بحثر.) b4: تحبّب الزُّبْدُ [The butter formed into little clots, when first appearing in the milk or cream]. (S and K in art. ثمر.) The verb is also used in like manner in relation to honey, (K in art. حثر,) and دِبْس (S in that art.,) and medicine. (TA in that art. [See also 2.]) b5: تحبّب الجِلْدُ [The skin broke cat with pimples, or small pustules: so in the language of the present day: see حَبٌّ]. (TA in art. حثر.) 6 تحابّوا They loved, or affected, or liked, one another. (S, A, * K. *) 10 إِسْتَحْبَ3َ see 4.

A2: اِسْتَحَبَّتْ كَرِشُ المَالِ The stomachs of the cattle, or camels &c., retained the water [that they had drunk], and the time between the two waterings thereof became long, or became lengthened. (K.) This is at the conjunction of [the periods of] الطَّرْف and الجَبْهَة [the ninth and tenth of the Mansions of the Moon, which, in central Arabia, about the commencement of the era of the Flight, took place on the 12th of August, O. S., (see مَنَازِلُ القَمَرِ, in art. نزل,)] when Canopus rises with them. (TA. [الصَّرْفَة is there put for الطَّرْف; but evidently by a mistake of a copyist. There is also another mistake, though a small one, in the foregoing passage: for Canopus rises, in central Arabia, after الطرف, and before الجبهة; and rose aurorally, in that latitude, about the commencement of the era of the Flight, on the 4th of August, O. S.]) حَبْ and حَبٍ A cry by which a he-camel is chidden, to urge him on. (TA voce حَوْبِ, q. v.) حَبٌّ, (S, Msb, K,) a [coll.] gen. n., (Msb,) n. un. حَبَّةٌ; (S, Msb, K;) Grain of wheat, barley, lentils, rice, &c.: (Az, TA:) accord. to Ks, only of wheat and barley: (TA:) or wheat &c. while in the ears or other envelopes: (Msb:) [but applied also to various other seeds; among which, to beans, (as in the Mgh in art. بقل,) and peas and the like; and kernels; and] the stones of grapes, dates, pomegranates, and the like: (Mgh voce عجَمٌ:) by some it is applied even [to berries; as, for instance,] to grapes: you say حَبَّةٌ مِنْ عِنَبٍ, as well as مِنَ البُرِّ, and مِنَ الشَّعِيرِ, and the like: (TA:) [and hence, to beads: (see حِبٌّ:)] the pl. (of حَبٌّ, Msb) is حُبُوبٌ (S, Msb, K) and حُبَّانٌ, like تُمْرَانٌ, (K,) pl. of تَمْرٌ; (TA;) and (of حَبَّةٌ, Msb) حَبَّاتٌ (Msb, K) and حِبَابٌ, [or this is pl. of حَبٌّ also,] like كِلَابٌ as pl. of كَلْبَةٌ [and of كَلْبٌ]: (Msb:) and حَبٌّ is also called [by lexicologists, but not by grammarians,] a pl. of حَبَّةٌ. (TA.) b2: [Hence,] Seed-produce, whether small or large. (TA.) b3: And الحَبَّةُ الخَضْرَآءُ (S, K) i. q. البُطْمُ [The fruit of the terebinth-tree, or pistacia terebinthus of Linn. (Delile, Flor. Æg. no. 936.)] (K.) b4: And الحَبَّةُ السَّوْدَآءُ (S, K) i. q. الشُّونِيزُ [The black aromatic seed of a species of nigella]. (K.) [But see art. سود.

And for other similar terms, see the latter word of each.] b5: And حَبَّ الغَمَامِ and حَبُّ المُزْنِ and حَبُّ قُرٍّ Hail. (S. [See a metaphorical usage of the first of these in a verse cited voce أَنَّ.]) b6: [Hence likewise,] حَبٌّ also signifies Pimples, or small pustules: [so in the present day: and any similar small extuberances: a coll. gen. n.: n. un. with ة.] (S and K * in art. حثر.) حُبٌّ Love; affection; syn. وُدٌّ, (A,) or وِدَادٌ; (K;) inclination of the nature, or natural disposition, towards a thing that pleases, or delights; (Kull p. 165;) contr. of بُغْضٌ: (Mgh, TA:) حُبٌّ and ↓ حِبٌّ and ↓ حُبَّةٌ [this being said in the S to be syn. with حُبٌّ and in the K to be syn. with مَحَبَّةٌ, and it is used as an inf. n. in an ex. cited voce دَاحٌ in art. دوح,] and ↓ حُبَابٌ (S, K) and ↓ حِبَابٌ (K) and ↓ مَحَبَّةٌ (S) signify the same; (S, K;) i. e., as above. (K.) The degrees of حُبّ are as follow: first, هَوًى, the “ inclining of the soul, or mind; ” also applied to the “ object of love itself: ” then, عَلَاقَةٌ, “love cleaving to the heart; ” so termed because of the heart's cleaving to the object of love: then, كَلَفٌ, “violent, or intense, love; ” from كُلْفَةٌ signifying “ difficulty, or distress, or affliction: ” then, عِشْقٌ, [“ amorous desire; ” or “ passionate love; ”] in the S, “excess of love; ” and in the language of the physicians, “ a kind of melancholy: ” then, شَغَفٌ, “ardour of love, accompanied by a sensation of pleasure; ”

like لَوْعَةٌ and لَاعِجٌ; the former of which is “ ardour of love; ” and the latter, “ardent love: ”

then, جَوًى, “inward love; ” and “ violence of amorous desire,” or “ of grief, or sorrow: ” then, تَتَيُّمٌ, “a state of enslavement by love: ” then تَبْلٌ, “lovesickness: ” then, وَلَهٌ, “distraction, or loss of reason, in love: ” and then, هُيَامٌ “ a state of wandering about at random in consequence of overpowering love. ” (Kull ubi suprà.) [Accord. to the Msb, it is a simple subst.: but accord. to the K, an inf. n.; and hence,] حُبًّا لِمَا أَحْبَبْتُمْ, meaning أُحِبُّ حُبًّا [I love with loving, i. e. much, what ye have loved]. (Har p. 186.) Hence the phrase, وَكَرَامَةً ↓ نَعَمْ وَحُبَّةً [Yea; and with love and honour will I do what thou requirest: or for the sake of the love and honour that I bear thee: or حبّة may be here used for حُبًّا to assimilate it in termination to كرامة: see what follows]. (S, TA.) Hence also the saying of Abu-l-' Atà EsSindee, فَوَاللّٰهِ مَا أَدْرِى وَإِنِّى لَصَادِقٌ

أَدَآءٌ عَرَانِى مِنْ حُبَابِكِ أَمْ سِحْرُ [And by God, I know not (and indeed I am speaking truth) whether disease have befallen me in consequence of love of thee, or enchantment]: (S, TA:) but IB says that the reading best known is ↓ مِنْ حِبَابِكِ; and that حِباب, here, may be an inf. n. of حَابَبْتُهُ; or it may be pl. of حُبٌّ, like as عِشاشٌ is of عُشٌّ; (TA;) or it may be an inf. n. of حَبَبْتُهُ: some also read ↓ مِنْ حَبَابِكِ, with fet-h to the ح, said to mean on account of the love of thee, and of the main amount thereof: (Ham p. 26:) and some read مِنْ جَنَابِكِ “ from thy part ” [or “ from thee ”]. (TA.) b2: See also حَبِيبٌ.

A2: Also a Persian word, arabicized, (AHát, S, Msb,) from خُنْب, (AHát, TA,) [or خُبْ or خُپْ,] i. q. خَابِيَةٌ, (S, Msb,) A jar, (K, MF,) whether large or small, used for preparing wine: (MF:) or a large jar: (K:) or one for water: (IDrd, TA:) or the four pieces of wood upon which is placed a two-handled, or two-eared, jar: (K, TA: [in the CK, by a misplacement of words, this last signification is assigned to حَبَاب:]) pl. [of pauc.] أَحْبَابٌ (K) and [of mult.]

حِبَابٌ and حِبَبَةٌ. (S, Msb, K.) From this last signification is [said to be] derived the phrase حُبًّا وَكَرَامَةً [pronounced حُبًّا وَكَرَامَهْ, lit. A jarstand and a cover will I give thee, or the like], كرامة signifying the “ cover ” of a jar, (K, TA,) whether of wood or of baked clay. (TA.) [If this be the true derivation, the phrase may have originated from a person's asking of another the loan or gift of a jar, and the latter's replying

“ Yea; and I will give thee a jar-stand and a cover; ” meaning “ I will do what thou requirest, and more: ” but this phrase is now, and perhaps was in early times, generally used, agreeably with the more common significations of the two words, in the sense assigned above to the phrase حُبَّةً

وَكَرَامَةً.]

حِبٌّ: see حُبٌّ: b2: and حَبِيبٌ, in four places: A2: and حِبَّةٌ.

A3: Also, and ↓ حِبَابٌ, [but the latter is doubted by the author of the TA, and thought to be perhaps syn. with حِبٌّ in the sense of مُحِبٌّ, and in the L it is said to be syn. with حبٌّ, but in what sense is not explained,] An ear-ring [formed] of one حَبَّة [or bead]. (K.) حَبَّةٌ n. un. of حَبٌّ [q. v.]. (S, Msb, K.) [Hence,] جَابِرُ بْنُ حَبَّةَ a name of (assumed tropical:) Bread. (ISk, S.) b2: See also حِبَّةٌ, in two places. b3: [A grain; meaning the weight of a grain of barley;] a wellknown weight. (K.) b4: A [small] piece, or portion, of a thing. (S, K.) b5: حَبَّةُ القَلْبِ The heart's core; (AA, TA;) the black, or inner, part of the heart; or i. q. ثَمَرَتُهُ; (S, A, K;) which is that [same thing]: (S:) or a black thing in the heart: (K:) or the black clot of blood that is within the heart: (T, TA:) or the heart's blood. (K.) You say, أَصَابَتْ فُلَانَةُ حَبَّةَ قَلْبِهِ [Such a woman smote his heart's core]. (A, TA.) A2: A want: or an object of want; a needful, or requisite, thing: syn. حَاجَةٌ. (K.) حُبَّةٌ: see حُبٌّ, in two places: b2: and حَبِيبٌ. b3: [It is also used in a pl. sense.] You say, هُوَ مِنْ حُبَّةِ نَفْسِى [He is of the beloved of my soul]. (TA voce حُمَّةٌ.) b4: And حُبَّتُكَ also signifies What thou lovest to receive as a gift, or to have. (K.) You say, اِخْتَرْ حُبَّتَكَ Choose thou what, or whom, thou lovest; as also ↓ مُحَبَّتَكَ. (TA.) A2: Also A grape-stone: sometimes without teshdeed; (K;) i. e. حُبَةٌ. (TA.) حِبَّةٌ, a pl., [or rather quasi-pl. n.,] The seeds of desert-plants that are not used as food; pl. حِبَبٌ: (S:) or seeds of herbs, or leguminous plants, (بُقُول,) and of odoriferous plants: (K:) or of the latter only; (Ks, Az, TA;) and one of such seeds is called ↓ حَبَّةٌ; (Az, TA;) or حِبَّةٌ; the coll. n. being ↓ حِبٌّ: (Msb:) or different seeds of every kind: or the seeds of the herbage called عُشْب: or all seeds of plants: sing. the same, and ↓ حَبَّةٌ: or this signifies everything that is sown: and حِبَّةٌ, the seed of everything that grows spontaneously, without being sown: or a small plant growing among the kind of herbage called حَشِيش: (K:) and dry herbage, broken in pieces, and heaped together: (Aboo-Ziyád, K:) or dry herbs or leguminous plants: (K:) or the seeds of wild herbs or leguminous plants, and of those of the kind called عُشْب, and their leaves, that are scattered and mixed therewith; such as the قُلْقُلَان and بَسْبَاس and ذُرَق and نَفَل and مُلَّاح, and all kinds of those herbs or leguminous plants that are eaten crude, and those that are thick, or gross, and bitterish: upon these seeds and leaves, cattle, or camels &c., pasture and fatten in the end of [the season called] the صَيْف (T, TA.) حَبَبٌ: see حَبَابٌ. b2: Also, (S, K,) and ↓ حِبَبٌ, (K,) A beautiful arrangement of the teeth in regular rows. (S, K.) b3: And Streaks of saliva on the teeth. (TA.) b4: And (both accord. to the K, but the latter only accord. to the TA,) The saliva that flows over the teeth, or collects in the mouth, in little bubbles. (T, K, TA.) حِبَبٌ: see حَبَابٌ: b2: and حَبَبٌ.

حَبَابٌ: see حُبٌّ. b2: حَبَابُكَ Thine utmost: (Msb:) or the utmost of thy power: (S:) or the utmost of thy love: or, of thine endeavour (جَهْدِكَ [like جُهَادَاكَ and حُمَادَاكَ and قُصَارَاكَ and غُنَامَاكَ and نُعَامَاكَ]). (K. [In the CK جُهْدِكَ.]) Yousay, حَبَابُكَ كَذَا, (K,) and حبابك أَنْ تَفْعَلَ ذٰلِكَ, (S, Msb, * TA,) and حبابك أَنْ يَكُونَ ذٰلِكَ, (TA,) Thine utmost, (Msb,) or the utmost of thy power, (S,) or of thy love, or of thine endeavour, (K,) will be such a thing, (K,) and thy doing that, (S, Msb, * TA,) and that event's taking place. (TA.) A2: Also, and ↓ حَبَبٌ and ↓, The main body, the mass, or bulk, or greater part or portion, of water, (S, K,) and of sand, (K,) and of [the beverage called] نَبِيذ: but it is said that the third word applies particularly to water: (TA:) or the first signifies the streaks, or lines, of water, (As, K, TA,) resembling variegated work: (As, TA:) or the waves of water that follow one another: (TA:) or the bubbles (S, A, K) of water, (S, K,) or of wine, (A, TA,) that float upon the surface; (S, A, K;) as also the second (AHn, A) and the third: (AHn, TA:) [it is a coll. gen. n., in this sense, of which the n. un. is with ة:] accord. to IDrd, حببُ المَآءِ and حبابُ المَآءِ signify تَكَسَّرُهُ [app. meaning the ripple, or broken surface, of water, such as is seen when it is slightly fretted by wind, and when it flows over uneven ground]. (TA.) طِرْتَ بِعُبَابِهَا وَفُزْتَ بِحَبَابِهَا, in a trad. of 'Alee, relating to Aboo-Bekr, is explained as meaning Thou hast outrun others, and attained to the place where the flood of El-Islám collects, and reached the first [springs] thereof, and drunk the purest of it, and become possessor of its excellencies: [this is the only explanation of it that I have found:] but it is also otherwise explained. (Hr and others, TA in art. عب.) b2: حَبَابٌ also signifies (tropical:) Dew-drops; (A;) the dew (IAth, K) that is on trees &c. in the evening. (IAth, TA.) It is said in a trad., of the inhabitants of Paradise, that their food shall turn into a sweat like حباب المسْك, by which is meant Musky dew: or, perhaps, musky bubbles. (IAth, TA.) حُبَابٌ: see حُبٌّ, in two places: b2: and حَبِيبٌ.

A2: Also The serpent: (S, IAth, K:) or a serpent not of a malignant species: (TA:) and the name of a devil, (S, K,) accord. to some; (S;) but said to be so only because a serpent is called شَيْطَان. (A 'Obeyd, S, TA.) b2: And a pl. [or rather coll. gen. n.] of which the sing. [or n. un.] is حُبَابَةٌ [accord. to the CK حُبَابَةُ], meaning A certain black aquatic insect or small animal. (K.) A3: أُمُّ حُبَابٍ (tropical:) The present world; (K, TA;) metonymically used in this sense. (TA.) حِبَابٌ: see حُبٌّ, in two places: A2: and حِبٌّ.

حَبِيبٌ A person loved, beloved, affected, liked, or approved; (S, * A, Msb, * K;) as also ↓ مَحْبُوبٌ and ↓ مُحَبٌّ, (S, Msb, K,) of which two the former is generally used for the latter, (S, K, TA,) in like manner as are used مَزْكُومٌ and مَحْزُونٌ and مَجْنُونٌ and مَكْزُوزٌ and مَقْرُورٌ, each of which has its proper verb of the measure فُعِلَ, (TA,) and ↓ حِبٌّ (S, K) and ↓ حُبَابٌ and ↓ حُبًّةٌ, which last is also applied to a female, and has for its pl. حُبَبٌ: (K:) the fem. of حَبِيبٌ is with ة; (Msb, K;) and so is that of ↓ مَحْبُوبٌ, (K, TA,) [and that of ↓ مُحَبٌّ,] and that of ↓ حِبٌّ: (TA:) the pl. of حَبِيبٌ is أَحِبَّآءُ, instead of حُبَبَآءُ, which would be the reg. pl. but for the repetition of the ب; and the pl. of حَبِيبَةٌ is حَبَائِبُ: (Msb:) the pl. of ↓ حِبٌّ is أَحْبَابٌ [a pl. of pauc.] and حِبَّانٌ (K) and حُبَّانٌ (MF) and حُبُوبٌ and حِبَبَةٌ and ↓ حُبٌّ, which last is rare (عَزِيزٌ) [as a pl.], or is a quasi-pl. n. (K.) Though ↓ مُحَبٌّ is uncommon it occurs in the following verse of 'Antarah: وَلَقَدْ نَزَلْت فَلَا تَظُنّى غَيْرَهُ مِنِّى بِمْنْزِلَةِ المُحَبِّ المُكْرَمِ [And thou hast taken (and imagine not otherwise), in respect of me, i. e. of my heart, the place of the beloved, the honoured; or become in the condition of the beloved, &c.]. (T, TA.) b2: Also, (IAar, KL, TA,) and ↓ حِبٌّ, (K, KL,) A person loving; a lover; a friend; (KL;) i. q. ↓ مُحِبٌّ: (IAar, K, TA:) [fem. of each with ة:] the pl. of the first (i. e. حبيب) is أَحْبَابٌ (TA) [and أَحِبَّآءُ and أَحِبَّةٌ, mentioned by Golius as from the S, but not in my copies of the S: both, however, are correct: the former, the more common: the latter, a pl. of pauc.]. You say اِمْرَأَةٌ لِزَوْجِهَا ↓ مُحِبَّةٌ and ↓ مُحِبٌّ [A woman loving to her husband]. (Fr, S, K. *) b3: أَبُو حَبِيبٍ The kid. (Har p. 227.) b4: الحَبِيبَةُ: see مُحَبٌّ.

حُبَاحِبٌ, (K,) or أَبُو حُبَاحِبٍ, (S,) [A kind of fire-fly;] a fly that flies in the night, (K,) resembling fire, (S,) emitting rays like a lamp: (K:) AHn says that حباحب and ابوحباحب were both unknown to him, and that nothing respecting them had been heard by him from the Arabs; but that some people asserted the insect thus called to be the يَرَاع, a moth that, when it flies by night, no person not knowing it would doubt to be a spark of fire: Aboo-Tálib says, as on the authority of Arabs of the desert, that حباحب is the name of a flying thing longer than the common fly, and slender, that flies between sunset and nightfall, resembling a spark of fire: (TA:) or, accord. to As, it is a flying thing, like the common fly, with a wing that becomes red; when it flies appearing at a distance like a lighted piece of fire-wood. (Har p. 500.) نَارُ الحُبَاحِبِ (S, K) and نَارُأَبِى حُبَاحِبٍ and simply الحُبَاحِبُ (S) mean The fire of the fly above mentioned: or of El-Hobáhib or Aboo-Hobáhib: (TA:) [for] El-Hobáhib, (S,) or Aboo-Hobáhib, (K,) is said to have been a niggardly man, who never lighted any but a faint fire, fearing to attract guests, so that his fire became proverbial. (S, K.) El-Kumeyt says, describing swords, يَرَى الرَّاؤُونَ بِالشَّفَرَاتِ مِنْهَا كَنَارِ أَبِى حُبَاحِبَ وَالظُّبِينَا [The beholders see, in the sides of the blades thereof, and the extremities, the semblance of the fire of the fire-fly]: (S:) here the poet has made حباحب imperfectly decl., regarding it as a fem. [proper] name [of the fly above mentioned]. (TA.) Or نارالحباحب (S, K) and simply الحباحب (S) signify The fire that is struck by a horse's hoofs: (Fr, S:) or the sparks of fire that are made to fly forth in the air by the collision of stones: or the sparks that fall from the pieces of wood that are used for producing fire [by means of friction]: (K:) or they are derived from حَبْحَبَةٌ, (IAar, K,) signifying “ weakness,” (IAar, TA,) [and their meaning is faint fire.] b2: أُمُّ حُبَاحِبٍ

A flying insect resembling the [species of locust called] جُنْدَب, (K, * TA,) spotted with yellow and green: when people see it, they say, بَرِّدِى

يَا حُبَاحِبُ [Spread forth thy wings (بُرْدَيْكِ), hobáhib]; whereupon it spreads its two wings, which are adorned with red and yellow. (TA.) حَبَّذَا, meaning حَبِيبٌ, as in the phrase حَبَّذَا الأَمْرُ [Loved, beloved, affected, loved, or approved, is the thing, or affair; or lovely, charming, or excellent, is it]; (K;) and in حَبَّذَا زَيْدٌ [Loved, beloved, &c., is Zeyd]; (S;) is composed of حَبَّ, (Sb, Fr, S, K,) a verb of praise, in the pret. form, invariable, originally حَبُبَ, (Fr, S,) and ذَا, (Sb, Fr, S, K,) its agent, (S,) which together constitute it a single word, (Sb, S, K,) a noun, (Sb, K,) or occupying the place of a noun, (S,) governing the noun [particularized by praise] that follows it in the nom. case; (Sb, S, K;) the place that it occupies in construction making it virtually in the nom. case as an inchoative, and the noun that follows it being its enunciative: (S:) [but see what follows.] It is used in the same manner as a prov.; (Sb, K;) [i. e., it is not altered to agree in number or gender with the noun particularized by praise, which follows it;] remaining the same when used in the dual and pl. and fem. sense; so that one says, حبّذا زَيْدٌ and الزَّيْدَانِ and الزَّيْدُونَ and هِنْدٌ and أَنْتَ and أَنْتُمَا and أَنْتُمْ [&c.]; (Ibn-Keysán, TA;) and حبّذا امْرَأَةٌ, not حَبَّذِهِ المَرْأَةُ; (Sb, S, K; *) which shows that the noun that follows it may not be regarded as a substitute for ذا: (S:) [but see what follows.] It is allowable, but bad, to say, زَيْدٌ حَبَّذَا. (TA.) [There are, however, various opinions respecting حبّذا and the noun that follows it.] Some hold that حبّذا is a noun, composed of حَبَّ and ذا, and is an inchoative, and that the noun particularized by praise is its enunciative; or that the former is an enunciative, and the latter an inchoative, reversing the usual order: others hold that حَبَّ is a verb in the pret. form; and ذا, its agent; and that the noun particularized by praise may be an inchoative, of which حبّذا is the enunciative; or it may be an enunciative of which the inchoative is suppressed, so that حبّذا زَيْدٌ is for حبّذا هُوَ زَيْدٌ [Loved, or beloved, &c., is this person: he is Zeyd], or حبّذا المَمْدُوحُ زَيْدٌ [loved, &c., is this person: the person praised is Zeyd]: others hold that حبّذا is a pret. verb, composed of حَبَّ and ذا, and that the noun following it is its agent; but this is the weakest of opinions: one also says, in dispraise, لَاحَبَّذَا زَيْدٌ. (I 'Ak p. 235.) حَابٌّ An arrow that falls [in the space] around the butt: pl. حَوَابُّ. (K.) أَحَبُّ [More, and most, loved, beloved, &c. You say, هٰذَا أَحَبُّ إِلَىَّ مِنْ ذَاكَ This is more an object of love, affection, liking, or approval, or is more lovely, charming, or pleasing, to me than that. And هُوَ أَحَبُّهُمْ إِلَىَّ He is the most beloved of them to me.]

مُحَبٌّ: see حَبِيبٌ, in three places. b2: المُحَبَّةُ and ↓ المَحْبُوبَةُ and ↓ المُحَبَّبَةُ and ↓ الحَبِيبَةُ are epithets of El-Medeeneh. (K.) مُحِبٌّ, and its fem.: see حَبِيبٌ, in three places.

مَحَبَّةٌ: see حُبٌّ. b2: Also A cause of love or affection: (Jel in xx. 39:) [pl. مَحَابُّ, like مَحَاشُّ pl. of مَحَشَّةٌ, &c.] You say, أُوتِىَ فُلَانٌ مَحَابَّ القُلُوبِ [Such a one was gifted with qualities that are the causes of the love of hearts]. (A, TA.) مُحَبَّةٌ: see حُبَّةٌ.

مُحَبَّبٌ إِلَى النَّاسِ i. q. مُتَحَبِّبٌ [see 5]. (A, TA.) b2: المُحَبَّبيَةُ: see مُحَبٌّ.

مَحْبُوبٌ: see حَبِيبٌ, in two places. b2: المَحْبُوبَةُ: see مُحَبٌّ. b3: أُمُّ مَحْبُوبٍ a surname of The serpent. (K.) [See also حُبَابٌ.]

غرض

1 غَرِضَ, aor. ـَ (S, K,) inf. n. غَرَضٌ, (S, A, K,) He was vexed, or disquieted by grief, and by distress of mind; he was grieved, and distressed in mind: he was disgusted; he turned away with disgust. (S, A, K.) You say, غَرِضَ مِنْهُ He was vexed by, or at, him, or it, and disquieted by grief, and by distress of mind; he was grieved, and distressed in mind, by him, or it: (Mgh in art. غرض, and TA:) he was disgusted with it, or at it; he turned away from it with disgust: (Mgh:) and he feared him, or it. (Ibn-'Abbád, K, TK: but the first and second mention only the inf. n. of the verb in this last sense.) And غَرِضَ بِالمُقَامِ, aor. and inf. n. as above, [He was vexed, &c., by continuance, stay, residence, or abode, in a place: he was disgusted with it, or at it.] (S.) And إِذَا فَاتَهُ الغَرَضُ فَتَّهُ الغَرَضُ i. e. الضَّجَرُ [When the object of aim, or endeavour, escapes him, so that he cannot attain it, vexation, or disquietude by grief, and by distress of mind, or disgust, crushes him]. (A, TA.) b2: And hence, (A,) aor. as above, (K,) and so the inf. n., (A, TA,) He yearned, or longed: (S, A, K:) or he yearned, or longed, vehemently, or intensely: (TA:) إِلَيْهِ for him, or it: (S:) or إِلَى لِقَائِهِ for meeting with him: the verb in this sense being made trans. by means of الى because it imports the meaning of اِشْتَاقَ and حَنَّ [which are made trans. by the same means]: (A, TA:) [for] accord. to Akh, غَرِضْتُ إِلَيْهِ signifies غَرِضْتُ مِنْ هٰؤُلآءِ إِلَيْهِ [I turned with vexation, or disgust, from these, to him, or it]; because the Arabs connect the verb [with its objective complement] by means of all these particles [mentioned above; namely, ب and من and الى]. (S.) Mbr reckons غَرَضٌ, as meaning both “ being disgusted ” and “ yearning ” or “ longing,” among words having contrary significations; and so does Ibn-Es-Seed; (MF;) and in like manner, IKtt. (TA.) [Perhaps these derive the latter meaning from غَرَضٌ signifying “ a butt,” or “ an object of aim,” &c.]

A2: غَرَضَ عَنْهُ, (TA,) [in the TK غَرَضَهُ,] inf. n. غَرْضٌ, (Ibn-'Abbád, K,) He (a man, TA) refrained, forbore, abstained, or desisted, from him, or it; left, relinquished, or forsook, him, or it. (Ibn-'Abbád, * K, * TA.) A3: غَرُضَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. غِرَضٌ, It (a thing) was fresh, juicy, moist, not flaccid. (S, K.) A4: غَرَضَ الشَّىْءَ, aor. ـِ (K,) inf. n. غَرْضٌ; (TA;) and ↓ غرّضهُ, (K,) inf. n. تَغْرِيضٌ; (TA;) He plucked the thing while it was fresh, juicy, moist, or not flaccid: or he took it (أَخَذَهُ, in some copies of the K جَذَّهُ, which is a mistake, TA) while it was so. (K.) b2: (assumed tropical:) He did the thing hastily, or hurriedly, before its time; syn. أَعْجَلَهُ عَنْ وَقْتِهِ. (Ibn-'Abbád, O, TS, K. *) b3: غَرَضَ السَّخْلَ, (S, K,) aor. and inf. n. as above; (TA;) and ↓ غرّضها; (K;) (assumed tropical:) He weaned the lambs, or kids, before their time. (ISk, S, K.) b4: غَرَضَتْ سِقَآءَهَا, (S, K,) aor. and inf. n. as above, (S,) (assumed tropical:) She (a woman, S) churned, or agitated, the contents of her milk-skin, and when its butter had formed in little clots but had not collected together, she poured out the milk, and gave it to people to drink. (ISk, S, K. *) b5: غَرَضْتُ لَهُ غَرِيضًا (tropical:) I gave him to drink fresh milk. (TA.) b6: غَرَضْتُ لِلضَّيْفِ غَرِيضًا (tropical:) I fed the guests with food that had not been kept through the night: so in the A: but in the K, لَهُمْ ↓ أَغْرَضَ غَرِيضًا (tropical:) he kneaded for them fresh dough, and did not feed them with food that had been kept through the night. (TA.) A5: غَرَضَهُ, aor. ـِ [inf. n. غَرْضٌ,] also signifies He filled it, namely, a vessel, (S, K,) and a skin, and a wateringtrough; (TA;) and so ↓ اغرضهُ. (K.) b2: and He stopped short of filling it completely. (S, K. [See also 2.]) Thus it has two contr. significations. (S, K.) A rájiz says, لَقَدْ فَدَى أَعْنَاقَهُنَّ المَحْضُ وَالدَّأْظُ حَتَّى مَا لَهُنَّ غَرْضُ (S, TA,) i. e. Verily the محض and the دأظ [the pure milk and the fatness and fulness so that there is no deficiency in their skins] have ransomed them from being slaughtered and sold. (TA.) [But see غَرْضٌ below.] b3: Also, aor. ـِ inf. n. غَرْضٌ, He broke it (i. e. a thing) without separating it. (TA.) A6: غَرَضَ البَعِيرَ, (S,) or النَّاقَةَ, (K,) [aor. ـِ as appears from the word مَغْرِضٌ, for otherwise, by rule, it would be مَغْرَضٌ,] inf. n. غَرْضٌ, (K,) He bound the غَرْض upon the camel; (S;) as also ↓ اغْتِرضهُ; (TA;) or he bound the she-camel with the غُرْضَة, (K,) or غَرْض; (TA;) as also ↓ أَغْرَضَهَا; (K;) and in like manner, غَرَضَ البَغِيرَ بِالغَرْضِ. (TA.) 2 غرّض, inf. n. تَغْرِيضٌ, He ate fresh flesh-meat. (K.) b2: See also غَرَضَ, in two places.

A2: One says also, غَرِّضْ فِى سِقَائَكَ Fill not thy skin [completely; leave a portion unfilled in thy skin]. (S.) b2: And فُلَانٌ بَحْرٌ لَا يُغَرَّضُ i. e. [Such a one is a sea] that will not become exhausted. (S, A, TA.) A3: And غرّض signifies also تَفَكَّهَ, (K, TA.) [meaning He affected jesting, or joking, for it is] said in the I. to be from الفُكَاهَةُ signifying المُزَاحُ. (TA.) 3 غارض إِبِلَهُ (tropical:) He brought his camels to the watering-place early in the morning; in the first part of the day. (A, O, K.) 4 اغرضهُ He made him to be vexed, or disquieted by grief, and by distress of mind; to be grieved, and distressed in mind: he made him to be disgusted; to turn away with disgust. (S.) A2: See also 1, latter half, in two places.

A3: اغرض النَّاقَةَ: see 1, last sentence.

A4: اغرض He (a man) hit, or attained, the غَرَض [i. e. the butt, or object of aim, &c.]. (IKtt.) 5 تغرّض, (K, TA,) thus in the O, on the authority of Ibn-'Abbád; but accord. to the Tekmileh, ↓ انغرض; (TA;) said of a branch, It broke without breaking in pieces: (K, TA:) or, accord. to the L, the latter signifies It bent and broke without becoming separated. (TA.) 7 إِنْغَرَضَ see what next precedes.8 اِغْتَرَضَ: (so in a copy of the A: [and if this be correct, the primary signification seems to be It (a thing) was plucked, or taken, while it was fresh, juicy, moist, or not flaccid: quasi-pass. of غَرَضَ in the first of the senses assigned to it as a trans. v. above:]) or اُغْتَرِضَ: (so in the JK and TA: [and if this be correct, it is app. formed by transposition from اُغْتُضِرَ:]) (tropical:) He died in his fresh state; (JK;) [i. e.] he died a youth, or a young man: [the latter reading seems to be the right, for it is said to be] similar to اُحْتُضِرَ [evidently a mistranscription for اُخْتُضِرَ]. (A, TA.) A2: اغترض الشَّىْءَ He made the thing his غَرَض [i. e. butt, or object of aim, &c.]. (TA.) A3: اغترض البَعِيرَ: see 1, last sentence.

غَرْضٌ and ↓ غُرْضَةٌ The appertenance of a camel's saddle of the kind called رَحْل which is like the حِزَام of the سَرْج (S, K) and the بِطَان of the قَتَب; (S;) i. e. girth, or fore girth, (تَصْدِير,) thereof; (S;) the حِزَام of the رَحْل: (A:) pl. of the former, أَغْرَاضٌ [a pl. of pauc.] (S, K) and أَغْرُضٌ [also a pl. of pauc.] (IB) and غُرُوضٌ [a pl. of mult.]: and of the latter, ↓ غُرْضٌ, [or rather this is a coll. gen. n.,] (S, K,) like as بُسْرٌ is of بُسْرَةٌ, (S,) and غُرُضٌ. (S, K.) [Hence the saying of Mohammad,] غُرْض shall not be bound [upon camels by pilgrims] except to three mosques; the sacred mosque [of Mekkeh], and my mosque [of ElMedeeneh], and the mosque [El-Aksà] of Beytel-Makdis [or Jerusalem]. (TA.) A2: غَرْضٌ also signifies (accord. to some, in the verse cited in the first paragraph, S, TA) The place of what thou hast left (مَوْضِعُ مَا تَرَكْتَهُ, not ماء [i. e. not مَآءٍ] as written in the S [and K], TA,) and not put into it anything: (S, K, TA:) and is said by some to be like the أَمْت [q. v.] in a skin. (TA.) b2: And A state of folding. (AHeyth, K.) And A man's having folds (غُرُوض) in the body when he has been fat and then has become lean. (Sgh, K.) And you say, طَوَيْتُ الثَّوْبَ عَلَى غُرُوضِهِ i. e. غُرُورِهِ [I folded the garment, or piece of cloth, according to its first, or original, foldings.] (Ibn-'Abbád, Z, Sgh, K.) عُرْضٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

غَرَضٌ A butt, a mark, or an object of aim, at which one shoots, or throws; (S, O, Msb, K;) a thing that thou settest up (مَا أَمْثَلْتَهُ) to shoot or throw at: (IDrd:) pl. أَغْرَاضٌ. (Msb, K.) It is said in a trad., لَا تَتَّخِذُوا شَيْئًا فِيهِ الرَّوحُ غَرَضًا [Ye shall not take a thing in which is the vital principle as a butt]. (TA.) And hence one says, النَّاسُ أَغْرَاضُ المَنِيَّةِ (assumed tropical:) [Mea are the butts of destiny, or of death]: and جَعَلْتَنِى غَرَضًا لِشَتْمِكَ (assumed tropical:) [Thou madest me, or hast made me, a butt for thy reviling]. (TA.) b2: And hence, (tropical:) An object of aim or endeavour or pursuit, of desire or wish, or of intention or purpose: (Msb:) a scope; or any end which one endeavours, or seeks, or intends, or purposes, to attain: (B:) an object of want, and of desire: (TA:) the advantage, or good, which one seeks, or endeavours, or purposes, to attain, or obtain, from a thing: so much used in this tropical sense as to be, in this sense, conventionally regarded as proper. (MF.) You say, غَرَضُهُ كَذَا (tropical:) His object of aim or endeavour or pursuit, &c., is such a thing: (Msb:) or his object of want, and of desire, is such a thing (TA.) And فَعَلَ لِغَرَضٍ صَحِيحٍ (tropical:) He did, or acted, for a just, or right, object of aim &c. (Msb.) And فَهِمْتُ غَرَضَكَ (assumed tropical:) I understood, or have understood, thine object of aim &c., or thine intention; syn. قَصْدَكَ. (S.) [See another ex. voce غَرِضَ, of which it is also the inf. n.]

غَرِضٌ, when followed by مِنْ, Vexed, or disquieted by grief, and by distress of mind; grieved, and distressed in mind: disgusted; or turning away with disgust. (TA.) b2: Also, when followed by إِلَى, Yearning, or longing: (S, TA:) or yearning, or longing, vehemently, or intensely. (TA.) غُرْضَةٌ: see غَرْضٌ.

غَرِيضٌ A thing that is fresh, juicy, moist, or not flaccid: (S, A, K:) also applied to flesh-meat. (S.) [See also 1, in three places, in the latter half of the paragraph.] b2: Fresh, or juicy, dates. (TA.) b3: Rain-water; as also ↓ مَغْرُوضٌ: (S, K:) because of its freshness. (S, TA.) b4: Water to which one comes early in the morning; in the first part of the day. (TA.) b5: See also إِغْرِيضٌ, in two places. b6: Also Any new, or novel, song. (IB, TA.) b7: And hence, A singer; because of his performing new, or novel, singing: (IB, TA:) or a singer who performs well, (K, TA,) and is of those who are well known; and so called because of his gentleness, or softness. (TA.) وَرَدَ المَآءَ غَارِضَا (assumed tropical:) He came to the water early in the morning; in the first part of the day. (S, K. *) And أَوْرَدَ إِبِلَهُ غَارِضًا (assumed tropical:) He brought his camels to the watering-place early in the morning; in the first part of the day. (TA.) And أَتَيْتُهُ غَارِضًا I came to him in the first part of the day. (TA.) إِغْرِيضٌ The spadix of a palm-tree: syn. طَلْعٌ; (S, K;) which some call إِغْرِيضَةٌ; (TA:) as also ↓ غَرِيضٌ: (S, K:) or the spadix of a palm-tree (طَلْع) when it bursts from its كَافُور [i. e. spathe, or envelope]: (IAar:) or what is in the interior of the طَلْعَة [or spathe of a palm-tree]: (Th:) or the thing [i. e. the spathe] from which the spadix of the palm-tree (طَلْع) bursts: (Ks, A) to which a woman's garment is likened. (A, TA.) b2: (assumed tropical:) Anything white and fresh or juicy or moist, as also ↓ غَرِيضٌ: (S, K:) or anything white like milk. (Ks.) b3: (tropical:) Hail: (Lth, Th:) as being likened to what is in the interior of the طَلْعَة (Th.) b4: (assumed tropical:) Large rain, or large drops of rain, appearing, when falling, as though it, or they, were arrow-heads, from a dissundered cloud: or the first of what falls thereof. (TA.) مَغْرِضٌ The part of a camel which is like the مَحْزِم [or place of the girth] (S, O, K) of a دَابَّة, (S,) [i. e.] of a horse (O, K) and mule and ass; (O;) which is the sides of the belly, at the lower part of the ribs; for these are the places of the غَرْض, in the bellies of camels: (S:) and ↓ مُغَرَّضٌ signifies [the same: i. e.] the place of the غُرْضَة, (IKh, TA,) or غَرْض; (TA;) and also the belly: (IKh, TA:) or the former signifies the head of the shoulder-blade, in which is the مُشَاش [or prominent part], beneath the cartilage: or the inner part of what is between the arm [and] the place where the شَرَاسِيف [or cartilages of the ribs] end (TA:) pl. مَغَارِضُ. (S, TA.) مُغَرَّضٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

مَغْرُوضٌ: see غَرِيضٌ.