زمن

1 زَمِنَ. aor. ـَ inf. n. زَمَنٌ (Msb, K) and زَمَانَةٌ (S, * Msb, K) and زُمْنَةٌ, (K,) He (a man, S, Msb) had, or was affected with, a malady of long continuance, (Msb,) or what is termed زَمَانَةٌ, expl. below: (K:) he was, or became, afflicted [with what is so termed]: (S:) or he was, or became, crippled. (TK.) 3 عَامَلَهُ مُزَامَنَةً (S, K) and زِمَانًا (Lh, TA) [He bargained, or made an engagement, with him, to work, for a time], (S, K,) from الزَّمَنُ. (S,) is like مُشَاهَرَةً [and شِهَارًا] (S, K) from الشَّهْرُ. (S.) 4 ازمن [He, or it, continued a long time;] a long time passed over him, or it, (K, * TA,) i. e. a thing. (TA.) You say, ازمن بِالمَكَانِ He remained, staid, dwelt, or abode, a long time (زَمَانًا) in the place. (TA.) b2: And [hence,] ازمن عَنِّى

عَطَاؤُهُ (tropical:) His gift [was a long time kept back from me, or] was slow, or tardy, in coming to me. (TA.) A2: ازمن فُلَانًا He (God) made such a one to be such as is termed زَمِن, i. e. affected with a protracted disease; (Msb, TA;) or crippled, or deprived of the power to move or to stand or to walk, by disease, or by a protracted disease: or made him to be affected with what is termed [زَمَانَةٌ, expl. below, as meaning] عَاهَةٌ [&c.]. (TA.) It is said also of a disease [as meaning It deprived him of the power to move &c.]. (TA in art. عضب.) زَمَنٌ an inf. n. of زَمِنَ [q. v.]. (Msb, K.) b2: And a simple subst. [meaning Continuance for a long time,] from أَزْمَنَ in the first of the senses assigned to it above; and so ↓ زُمْنَةٌ, with damm. (IAar, TA.) b3: Also, and ↓ زَمَانٌ, (S, Msb, K, &c.,) the former a contraction of the latter, (Msb,) A time, whether little or much; (S, Msb, K;) thus accord. to Er-Rághib; (TA in art. دهر;) as being a space capable of division: (Msb:) and so says El-Munáwee: (TA:) a time considered with respect to its beginning and its end: (Er-Rághib, MF voce أَمَدٌ:) or i. q. عَصْرٌ [as meaning a space, or period, of time]: (M, K:) [often meaning, without any addition to qualify it, a long time; as in an instance of the usage of the latter word above: (see 4:) what follows here applies to each of these words:] زَمَانٌ differs in some respects from آنٌ and from أَمَدٌ: Sh asserts it to be syn. with دَهْرٌ; but AHeyth says that this is a mistake: (TA:) [it is so, however, sometimes, accord. to several authorities, as has been shown in art. دهر; and particularly as meaning fortune, or fate:] IAth says that it is applied to the whole of what is termed الدَّهْرُ [as meaning time], and to a portion thereof: AHeyth says that it is the زمان [i. e. season] of fruit, of ripe dates, and of heat and cold: and that it may be [a period of] two months [as meaning any one of the six seasons of the solar year] to six months [as meaning the half-year often termed summer and the half-year often termed winter]: (TA:) [thus] it is applied to any one of the four quarters of the year; (Msb, TA;) the first of which [in the order in which they are commonly mentioned by the Arabs, i. e. autumn,] is called by the Arabs [of the classical age] الــرَّبِيعُ, but vulgarly الخَرِيفُ; called by the former name because the first rain is therein, giving growth to [the herbage called] the رَبِيع; and called by the latter name because the fruits are gathered therein; and it commences when the sun enters Libra: the second [i. e. winter] is called الشِّتَآءُ; and commences when the sun enters Capricornus: the third [i. e. spring] is الصَّيْفُ, vulgarly called الــرَّبِيعُ; and commences when the sun enters Aries: the fourth [i. e. summer] is القَيْظُ, vulgarly called الصَّيْفُ; and commences when the sun enters Cancer: (Msb:) * * The two following tables exhibit the principal divisions of the Arabian Calendar. The latter of them shows the places of the months in relation to the solar year at the period when they received the names by which they are here designated. THE QUARTERS.THE SIX SEASONS. OLDER NAMES.LATER NAMES. Together called by some الشِّتَآءُ and الــرَّبِيعُ.الــرَّبِيعُ: الخَرِيفُ Autumn.Sept.الخَرِيفُ Together called by some الشِّتَآءُ and الــرَّبِيعُ.الــرَّبِيعُ: الخَرِيفُ Autumn.Oct.الخَرِيفُ Together called by some الشِّتَآءُ and الــرَّبِيعُ.الــرَّبِيعُ: الخَرِيفُ Autumn.Nov.الخَرِيفُ Together called by some الشِّتَآءُ and الــرَّبِيعُ.الــرَّبِيعُ: الخَرِيفُ Autumn.Nov.الشِّتَآءُ Together called by some الشِّتَآءُ and الــرَّبِيعُ.الــرَّبِيعُ: الخَرِيفُ Autumn.Dec.الشِّتَآءُ Together called by some الشِّتَآءُ and الــرَّبِيعُ.الشِّتَآءُ Winter.Dec.الشِّتَآءُ Together called by some الشِّتَآءُ and الــرَّبِيعُ.الشِّتَآءُ Winter.Jan.الشِّتَآءُ Together called by some الشِّتَآءُ and الــرَّبِيعُ.الشِّتَآءُ Winter.Jan.الــرَّبِيعُ الأَوَّلُ or رَبِيعُ الكَلَأِ Together called by some الشِّتَآءُ and الــرَّبِيعُ.الشِّتَآءُ Winter.Feb.الــرَّبِيعُ الأَوَّلُ or رَبِيعُ الكَلَأِ Together called by some الشِّتَآءُ and الــرَّبِيعُ.الشِّتَآءُ Winter.Mar.الــرَّبِيعُ الأَوَّلُ or رَبِيعُ الكَلَأِ Together called by some الصَّيْفُ.الصَّيْفُ: الــرَّبِيعُ Spring.Mar.الصَّيْفُ Together called by some الصَّيْفُ.الصَّيْفُ: الــرَّبِيعُ Spring.Apr.الصَّيْفُ Together called by some الصَّيْفُ.الصَّيْفُ: الــرَّبِيعُ Spring.Mayالصَّيْفُ Together called by some الصَّيْفُ.الصَّيْفُ: الــرَّبِيعُ Spring.Mayالقَيْظُ Together called by some الصَّيْفُ.الصَّيْفُ: الــرَّبِيعُ Spring.Juneالقَيْظُ Together called by some الصَّيْفُ.القَيْظُ: الصَّيْفُ Summer.Juneالقَيْظُ Together called by some الصَّيْفُ.القَيْظُ: الصَّيْفُ Summer.Julyالقَيْظُ Together called by some الصَّيْفُ.القَيْظُ: الصَّيْفُ Summer.Julyالــرَّبِيعُ الثَّانِى or رَبِيعُ الثِّمَارِ Together called by some الصَّيْفُ.القَيْظُ: الصَّيْفُ Summer.Aug.الــرَّبِيعُ الثَّانِى or رَبِيعُ الثِّمَارِ Together called by some الصَّيْفُ.القَيْظُ: الصَّيْفُ Summer.Sept.الــرَّبِيعُ الثَّانِى or رَبِيعُ الثِّمَارِ THE MONTHS.THE PERIODS OF RAIN. 11. ذُو القَعْدَةِ Sept.1. الوَسْمِىالــرَّبِيع 12. ذُو الحَجَّةِ Oct.1. الوَسْمِىالــرَّبِيع 1. المُحَرَّمُ Nov.1. الوَسْمِىالــرَّبِيع 2. صَفَرٌ Dec.1. الوَسْمِىالــرَّبِيع 2. صَفَرٌ Dec.2. الشَّتَوِىُّالــرَّبِيع 3. شَهْرُ رَبِيعٍ الأَوَّلُ Jan.2. الشَّتَوِىالــرَّبِيع 4. شَهْرُ رَبِيعٍ الآخِرُ Feb.2. الشَّتَوِىالــرَّبِيع 4. شَهْرُ رَبِيعٍ الآخِرُ Feb.3. الدَّفَئِىُّالــرَّبِيع 5. جُمَادَى الأُولَى Mar.3. الدَّفَئِىُّالــرَّبِيع 5. جُمَادَى الأُولَى Mar.4. الصَّيْفُ 6. جُمَادَى الآخِرَةُ Apr.4. الصَّيْفُ 7. رَجَبٌ May4. الصَّيْفُ 7. رَجَبٌ MayالحَمِيمُMostly Dry. 8. شَعْبَانُ JuneالحَمِيمُMostly Dry. 9. رَمَضَانُ JulyالحَمِيمُMostly Dry. 9. رَمَضَانُ JulyالخَرِيفُMostly Dry. 10. شَوَّالٌ Aug.الخَرِيفُMostly Dry. 10. Sept.الخَرِيفُMostly Dry. it is also applied to the time, or period, of the reign, rule, prefecture, or the like, of a man: [and to the life-time of a man:] with the philosophers, it signifies the measure of the motion of the ninth (or greatest) sphere (الفَلَك الأَطْلَس): (TA:) [and there are various other explanations belonging to the conventional language of the schools, not to the proper language of the Arabs: (see the “ Dict. of the Technical Terms used in the Sciences of the Musalmans: ”)] the pl. (of زَمَنٌ, Msb) is أَزْمَانٌ and أَزْمُنٌ and (that of زَمَانٌ, Msb) أَزْمِنَةٌ. (S, Msb, K.) [The dim. of زَمَنٌ, i. e. زُمَيْنٌ, see below.] In the following trad., إِذَا تَقَارَبَ لَمْ تَكَدْ رُؤيَا المُؤْمِنِ تَكْذِبُ ↓ الزَّمَانُ [When the time becomes contracted, the dream of the believer will scarcely ever, or never, be false], what is meant is the end of time; and the approach of the resurrection; because when a thing becomes little, its extremities contract: or what is meant is the day's and the night's becoming equal; for the interpreters of dreams assert that the times [of dreams] most true of interpretation are the season of the breaking forth of the blossoms and that of the ripening of the fruit, which is when the day and the night become equal: or what is meant is the coming forth of El-Mahdee, when the year will be like the month, and the month like the week, and the week like the day, and the day like the hour, deemed short because deemed delightful: (K in art. قرب:) or it alludes to the shortness of lives and the scantiness of blessings. (TA in that art.) In another trad. it is said, كَانَتْ تَأْتِينَا أَزْمَانَ خَدِيجَةَ, meaning [She used to come to us] in the life-time [lit. times] of Khadeejeh. (TA.) And one says also, مَا لَقِيتُهُ مُذْ

↓ زَمَنَةٍ, meaning ↓ مذ زَمَانٍ [i. e. I have not met him for a long time past: but in this case, accord. to the more approved usage, one should say مُذْ زَمَنَةٌ and مُذْ زَمَانٌ, or مُنْذُ زَمَنَةٍ and مُنْذُ زَمَانٍ]. (Lh, K, * TA.) (For authorities, and further information, see the words here mentioned, and more particularly نَوْءٌ and رَبِيعٌ; under the latter of which it is said that the third and last of the Six Seasons are called by some, respectively, الــرَّبِيعُ الثَّانِى and الــرَّبِيعُ الأَوَّلُ; and also that the appellations of the 3rd and 4th months are differently pronounced by different persons; and that some exclude the وَسْمِىّ from the rains called الــرَّبِيعُ: and for the Calendar of the Mansions of the Moon, see مَنَازِلُ القَمَرِ, in art. نزل.) The months are said to have received the names here given to them from Kiláb Ibn-Murrah, an ancestor of Mohammad, about two centuries before El-Islám. These months were lunar; and from this period, with the view of adapting their year to the solar, the Arabs added a month, which they called النَّسِىْءُ, at the end of every three years, until they were forbidden to do so by the Kur-án (ch. ix.): but the months still retrograded through the seasons, though much more slowly. The abolition of the intercalation was proclaimed by Mohammad at the pilgrimage in the tenth year of the Flight.

زَمِنٌ (S, Mgh, Msb, K) and ↓ زَمِينٌ, (K, TA,) applied to a man, (S, Msb, TA,) Having, or affected with, a malady of long continuance; (Mgh, Msb, TA; *) as also ↓ مُزْمَنٌ; (Har p. 182;) or crippled, or deprived of the power to move or to stand or to walk, by disease, or by a protracted disease: (TA:) or having what is termed زَمَانَةٌ [expl. below], i. e. عَاهَةٌ: (K, TA:) or afflicted [with what is so termed]: (S:) pl. زَمِنُونَ, (K, TA,) of the former, (TA,) and زَمْنَى, (Msb, K, TA,) [likewise] of the former, (Msb,) or of the latter, as also زَمَنَةٌ. (TA.) b2: [Hence,] هُوَ فَاتِرُ النَّشَاطِ زَمِنُ الرَّغْبَةِ (tropical:) [He is remiss in respect of briskness or promptness, powerless in respect of desire]. (TA.) زُمْنَةٌ: see زَمَنٌ, second sentence.

زَمَنَةٌ A space, or period, or a long space or period, of time. (TA.) See also زَمَنٌ, last sentence.

زَمَانٌ: see زَمَنٌ, third sentence, and again in two places in the latter part of the paragraph.

زَمِينٌ: see زَمِنٌ.

زُمَيْنٌ [dim. of زَمَنٌ]. You say, لَقِيتُهُ ذَاتَ الزُّمَيْنِ, meaning thereby تَرَاخِى الوَقْتِ; (S, K;) [i. e. I met him some time ago;] like as one says ذَاتَ العُوَيْمِ, meaning بَيْنَ الأَعْوَامِ: (S:) or meaning فِى سَاعَةٍ لَهَا أَعْدَادٌ [in a time consisting of some, or several, subdivisions]: (TA:) or ذَاتَ الزُّمَيْنِ means مُذْ ثَلَاثَةٌ أَزْمَانٍ [three seasons ago; or, app., three or more, to ten; (agreeably with an explanation of ذَاتَ العُوَيْمِ voce ذُو;) by ازمان being app. meant periods of two, or three, or six, months]; (T in art. ذُو;) and the like is said by IAar. (TA in art. صبح.) زَمَانَةٌ an inf. n. of زَمِنَ [q. v.]. (S, * Msb, K.) b2: [Used as a simple subst.] it signifies also A disease, or an evil affection, syn. آفَةٌ, (S,) or عَاهَةٌ, (K,) in animals: (S:) [and particularly, in a man, a disease of long continuance: or such as cripples, or deprives of the power to move or to stand or to walk: (see زَمِنَ and زَمِنٌ:)] or want of some one or more of the limbs, or members; and privation of the powers, or faculties. (Har p. 315.) And i. q. دَهْرٌ [app. as meaning An evil event or accident, a misfortune, or a calamity]. (KL.) b3: Also Love. (K.) سَاعَةٌ زَمَانِيَّةٌ A while; an indefinite short time; as distinguished from سَاعَةٌ فَلَكِيَّةٌ, which is an astronomical hour: and so, often, سَاعَةٌ alone.]

مُزْمَنٌ: see زَمِنٌ.

مُزْمِنٌ Of long continuance; of long standing; over which a long time has past. (TA.) [You say مَآءٌ مُزْمِنٌ Stale water.] And سُعَالٌ مُزْمِنٌ [Chronic cough]. (K voce مَصْطَكَا.)

ربع
رَبَعَ بالمَكانِ: أقَامَ به، رَبْعاً. ورَبَعْتُهم رَبْعاً: كانوا ثلاثة فَصِرْنا أرْبَعَةً. وربَعْتُ الجَيْشَ رَبْعاً ومِرْباعاً ورِبْعَةً: أخَذْتَ رُبْعُ الغَنيمَةِ منهم، وجَمْعَ الرِّبْعَةِ: الرِّبَعُ، ولم يأتِ على وَزْن المِرْباع في تَجْزئة الشيء غيرُ المِعْشار. والأرْباعُ: جَمْعُ الرُّبْعِ من الغَنيمة. واسْمُ مَوْضِعٍ.
والمِرْبَعُ: الذي يأخُذُ المِرْباعَ. ورُبِعَ وأُرْبعَ: حُمَّ رِبْعاً. وقد يُقال: رَبَعَتْ عليه الحُمّى وأرْبَعَتْ، وهي حُمّىً رِبْعٌ. وهُمُ اليَوْمَ رَبْعٌ: أي كَثُروا. وأكْثَرَ اللَّهُ رَبْعَك: أي أهْلَ بَيْتِك.
والجَميعُ: رُبُوعٌ. والرَّبْعُ: الدّارُ بِعَيْنها. وتُجْمَعُ على الرُّبُوْع أيضاً.
وحَمَلَ حَمَالةً كَسَرَ فيها رِبَاعَه: أي باعَ مَنَازِلَه.
والمَرْبَعُ: المَنْزِلُ في الــرَّبيع خاصَّةً. وتَرَبَّعَ: أقَامَ رَبيعــاً. والــرَّبِيْعُ: النَّهْرُ الصَّغيرُ؛ وجَمْعَه: أرْبِعاء. والكَلَأُ أيضاً، ويُجْمَعُ حينئذٍ: أرْبَعَة. واسْتَرْبَعَ الغُبَارُ: سَطَعَ. وهو جَلْدٌ مُسْتَرْبعٌ: أي صَبُوْرٌ مُطِيْقٌ للشَّيْء قائمٌ به. وهو مُرْبعٌ: أي كَثيرُ النِّكاحِ. وإِنَّكَ لَتُرْبعُ عَلَيَّ: إِذا سَأَلَ ثمَّ ذَهَبَ ثمَّ عادَ. وارْتَبَعَ ارْتِباعاً ورِبْعَةً: سَمِنَ من الــرَّبيع. وأرْبَعَ إبله: رَعَاها في الــرَّبيع. وأوْرَدَها الماءَ رِبْعاً أيضاً. والرِّبْعُ: أن تَحْبِسَ الإبِلَ ثلاثة أيّامٍ ثم تُوْرِدَها الرابعَ. وإِذا أُرْسِلَتِ الإبلُ فَتَرِدُ الماءَ كلَّما شَاءتْ بلا وَقْتٍ فهو الإِرْبَاعُ أيضاً. يُقال: ترَكتها هَملاً مُرْبَعاً. وأرْبَعَ: وُلدَ له في شَبابِه. ووَلَدهُ رِبْعِيُّون.
وكانوا ثلاثةً فأرْبَعُوا: أي صارُوا أرْبَعَةً، هذا من غيرِ أنْ تقولَ: رَبَعْتُ. وناقَةٌ مُرْبعٌ: لها رُبَعٌ. وإذا لَحِقَتْ في أوَّلِ الــرَّبيع أيضاً. وكذلك المِرْباعُ التي تُبَكِّرُ بالحَمْل. وجَمْعُ الرُّبَعِ - وهو ما نُتِجَ في الــرَّبيع -: الرِّبَاعُ. ويُقال: ما له هُبَعٌ ولا رُبَعٌ. والمِرْبَاعُ: المكان الباكِرُ بالنَّبات. والمِرْبَعُ والمِرْباع: واحِدُ مَرَابِيْع النُّجُوم، وهي التي يرزُقُ الله المَطَرَ في وَقْت أنْوائها.
والرُّبُعُ: المَطَرُ لا يَهْبِط منه سَيْلٌ. وهو جَمْع الــرَّبيع. وقد يُسَمَّى الوَسْمِيُّ رَبيعــاً أيضاً.
وأرْبَعُوا: وَقَعُوا في الــرَّبيع. وارْتَبَعُوا: أصابُوا رَبيعــاً. ويَوْمٌ رَابعٌ: من الــرَّبيعــ؛ كما يُقال يَوْمٌ صَائفٌ من الصَّيْف.
وعامَلْتُه مَرَابَعَةً: أي رَبيْعــاً إلى رَبيع. وأرْبَعَني من دَيْنٍ عَلَيَّ: أي أنْعَشني، وكأنَّه من رُبِعَتِ الأرْضُ: أصَابَها الــرَّبيعُ. ورَجُلٌ مَرْتَبِعٌ ومَرْبُوعٌ ورَبْعَةٌ: ليس بِطَوِيلٍ ولا قَصيرٍ. وكذلك رُمْحٌ مَرْبُوعٌ. والمِرْباعُ والمَرْبُوْعُ: الحَبْلُ على أرْبَع قُوى. والرَّبْعَةُ الجُوْنَة.
واليَرَابِيْعُ: لَحْمُ المَتْنِ؛ على التَّشْبِيه، كأنَّ بَضِيْعَه حين يَتَحَرَّكُ يَرَابِيْعُ تَنْزُو.
وأرْضٌ مَرْبَعَةٌ: كَثيرةُ اليَرابِيْع. وجاءَ وعَيْناه تَدْمَعان بأرْبَعَةٍ: أي يَسِيْلُ من نَواحيها.
ورَبَعَ الحمارَ: شَواه في الماء إذا أدْخَلَ قَوائمه الأرْبَعَ فيه. وهذا الصَّبِيُّ رابعُ بَطْن أُمِّه: أي رابعُ أَوْلادِها. والــرَّبِيعَــةُ: الصَّخْرَةُ تُشَالُ: وبها سُمِّيَتْ رَبِيعَــة. وقد رَبَعْتُها وارْتَبَعْتُها: أشَلْتَها.
والــرَّبِيْعَــةُ: البَيْضَةُ من السِّلاح. ويُقال: أرْبَعْ على ظَلْعِكَ وعلى نَفْسِك وعليكَ - وكلُّها واحِد -: أي انْتَظِرْ.
ويَوْمُ الأرْبِعَاءِ والأرْبَعَاء - بفَتْحِ الباء - والإِربِعاءِ - بكَسْر الهَمْزة -، ويُجْمَعُ على الأرْبِعَاوات والأرَابِيْع. ويُقال: في جَمْعِ الأوَّل ورَبيع الآخِر: هذه الأرْبِعَةُ الأوائلُ والأرْبِعَةُ الأواخِر. وسُمِّيَ الرَّبَاعِيَتَانِ من الأسْنان لأنَّهما مع الثَّنِيَّتيْنِ أرْبَعَةٌ. وأَرْبَعَ الفَرَسُ: ألْقى رَبَاعِيَتَه. وهو رَبَاعٌ، والجَمْعُ: رُبْعٌ.
وارْتَبَعَتِ الناقَةُ وارْبَعَتْ: اسْتَغْلَقَ رَحِمُها فلم تَقْبلِ الماءَ. والرَّبَعَةُ: أقْصى غايةِ العَدْو، وقيل: عَدْوٌ ليس بِشَدِيدٍ فوق المَشْيِ فيه مَيَلانٌ. ومالَكَ تَرْتَبعُ: أي تَعْدُو.
ورَبَعُوا: رَفَعُوا في السَّيْر. والرَّبَعَةُ: حَيٌّ من بني أَسْدٍ.
وتَرَبَّعْتُه ورَبَعْتُه: حَمَلْتَه. ورابَعْتُه: أَخَذْتُ بيدِه وأَخَذَ بيَدي تحت الحِمْل ورفَعْناه على البَعير. والمِرْبَعُ والمِرْبَعَةُ: خَشَبَةٌ تُشَالُ بها الأحْمَالُ.
ورِبَاعَةُ الرَّجُلِ: قَوْمُه. وما فيهم أَحَدٌ يَضْبِطُ رِباعَتَهم: أي أَمْرَهُم. والنّاسُ على رَبِعَاتِهم ورِباعَتِهم: أي على استِقَامَتِهم. وتَرَكْنَاهم على سَكِنَاتِهم ورِبَاعَتِهم: أي على حالهم وكانت حَسَنَةً ولا يُقال في غير الحَسَنَة. وقيل: معناه حيثُ يَسْكُنون ويَرْتَبِعون.
وهو على رِبَاعَةِ قَوْمِهِ: أي هو سَيِّدُهم. والرَّبَاعَى: العِيَرَاتُ يَمْتَارُوْنَ عليها في أوَّل الــرَّبِيْع. ويُقال: امْتَاروْا في المِيْرَةِ الرِّبْعِيَّةِ. والرِّبْعِيَّةُ: باكُوْرَةُ الأثْمار.
ورِبْعِيَّةُ المَجْدِ: قَدِيمُه. والرَّوْبَعُ والرَّوْبَعَةُ: دَاءٌ يَأْخُذُ الفِصَالَ في مَنَاكِبِها، وقيل: في أكْبادِها.
والرَّوْبَعُ: القَصِيرُ العُرْقُوْبِ من الفُصْلان، وقيل النّاقِصُ الخَلْقِ. وقَعَدَ الأرْبُعَاءَ والأرْبُعَاوى والأرْبُعَاواءَ: إذا تَرَبَّعَ في الجُلُوْس. ومَشَى الأرْبُعَاء: إذا أسْرَعَ؛ وكأنَّه من الرَّبَعَة. وبَيْتٌ أُرْبُعَاوى وأُرْبُعَاوَاءُ: إذا كانَ على أرْبَعَة أعْمِدَةٍ.

ربع: رَبّع. ربع الفرس: ركض بقوائمه الأربع (محيط المحيط).
رَبَّع (بالتشديد): صلَّب، جعل القماش على أربع ثنيات (بوشر).
رَبَّع رِجْلَيْه: ثناهما وهو جالس فصارتا أربعاً (مارتن ص67).
قعد مربعا: ثنى رجليه وهو جالس كما يقعد الخياط (بوشر).
رَبَّع، رَبَع: أخذ رُبْع ما يملكه الشعب المغلوب (ألكالا) وهذا ما فعله الموحدون حين استولوا على الأندلس. انظر كرتاس (ص122) نجد فيه أن كسبرس استسلم لهؤلاء الفاتحين فكافئوه بأن حُرِّرَت أموالهم فليس في أملاكهم رباعة وجميع بلاد الأندلس مربَّعة.
ورَبَّع. مشتقة من الــربيعــ، يقال: رَبَّع الفرس أي علفه القصيل (مملوك 11: 16).
ورَبَّع الفرس: أكل عشب الــربيع في أيامه (محيط المحيط).
وربَّع بالمكان: عامية رَبَع بالمكان (محيط المحيط).
رابع: في ألف ليلة (طبعة بولاق 1: 373) نجد: وعلم لأنه لا أوفق له من قعوده في البستان عند الخولي ويعمل عنده مرابعاً، فقال للخولي: هل تقبلني عندك مرابعاً. وقد ترجمها لين بما معناه: يكون مساعده لقاء ربع الحاصل. غير أنك إذا رجعت إلى معجم لين وجدت فيه: عمل عنده في فصل الــربيع. غير أن من الصعب اختيار أحد التفسيرين.
ونجد في ألف ليلة (طبعة ماكن 1: 877): هل تقبلني عندك لأجل المرابع في هذا البستان. وكلمة مرابع هذه غير واضحة المعنى لدي.
رابع: أخضر، عدا الفرس سريعاً (بوشر جزائرية، هلو، دلابورت ص150).
رَبْع: حيٌّ في المدينة، حارة (فريتاج ولم يذكر شاهداً عليه)، وفي حيان (ص51 ق): رجل من البربر من بعض أرباع فرمونة. وفي كتاب عبد الواحد (ص208): وقد قسموا مدينة مراكش أرباعاً.
أصحاب أرْباع: هم في المشرق العسس، حرس الليل (المقري 1: 125).
رَبْع: حقل، مزرعة (ترجمة العقد الصقلي ليلو ص 9، 12، 18) وانظر أيضاً أبلا أبود بُرمانُّس (مجلد 8 ص74) فهو يقول: يوجد عدد من الرباع في مالطة (أناري مخطوطات)، وفيه (ص41): حصن يتصل به رُبْع (رَبْع) عامر. في (ص37، 42) منه: رباع طيبة المزارع. وفي كرتاس (ص33) غلاف الرباع والأرضين (ص170، 197) وفي المطبوع منه جمعه أرباع، غير أنه في مخطوطتنا رباع (ص208، ابن يطوطة 1: 235، الجريدة الآسيوية 1851، 1: 56) (ولم يفهم المترجم في ص 68 هذه العبارة) (جريجور ص34، 36) واقرأ فيه رباعه وفقاً لما جاء في المخطوطة.
ولابد من أن نشير إلى أنه في بعض هذه العبارات يمكن أن يترجم الجمع رباع وأرباع بالمنازل أو المساكن وذلك لأنها تدل على المعنى العام وهو البناء من عدة مساكن والعقار الذي يذكره فوك.
الربع الدِيوانيّ في صقلية (جريجور ص34)، والرباع الديوانية (ص36): أراضي الدولة، أملاك الدولة.
الربع المعمور: الأرض المسكونة (بوشر).
الرَبْع: القبيلة التي ينتسب إليها (زيشر 22: 119).
الرَبْع: السمين الممتلئ (بوشر).
رُبْع: مكيال للبن وهو ربع محلبة (ميهون ص28) رُبْع: في أوارجله مكيال للسمن وهو إناء من الخزف يسع ربع رطل (كاريت جغرافية ص 208).
رُبْع: ربع المصحف الشريف (القرآن) انظر هذا التقسيم في عواده (ص718).
رَبْع: قطعة مقدارها ربع الشاة. ويقال أيضاً: الرُبَع شاة ويتردد ذكره في رياض النفوس.
رُبْع: ضريبة على الصناعة، وهي ضريبة الرْبْع وتجبى من كل الحوانيت (الدكاكين) التي تؤجر للبيع بالمفرد كما تجبى من كل الأعمال الصناعية (بليسييه ص322 - 323).
رُبْع: قسم من القبيلة (سندوفال ص269، دوماس عادات ص16).
رُبْع: في أسطورة سخيفة في كردفان أن نساء الحسَّانية يخصصن ليلة من كل أربع ليال لعشاقهن أو للمسافرين وتسمى هذه الليلة الرُب~ع (دسكارياك ص294).
ربع الموجب: ربع دائرة المزاولة، وهي آلة غاية في البساطة تستعمل لمعرفة ساعات الزمن من ارتفاع الشمس (بربروجر من 260).
رَبْعَة، بدل ربعة مُصْحَف أو ربعة قرآن. أي عليه مزخرفة يحفظ فيها المصحف الشريف وتستعمل بمعنى نسخة من القرآن الكريم (ابن جبير من 298، ابن بطوطة 1: 245)، المقري 2: 641، وفي كتاب الخطيب، مخطوطة الاسكوريال، في ترجمة عبد الله بن بُلُقِين بن باديس: حسن الخط كانت بغرناطة ربعة مصحف بخطّه في نهاية الصفة والإتقان.
وتستعمل كلمة رَبْعَة وحدها أيضاً (ابن بطوطة 2641، 4: 400، كرتاس ص39).
ورَبْعَة: المصحف مجزءً ثلاثين جزءً (عوادة ص718).
رُبْعيّ: نوع من السفن البحرية، وكل سفينة منها تتبعها ثلاثة أخرى: النِصْفِيّ والثُّلْثِيّ والرُبَعيَ (ابن بطوطة 4: 92).
رَبْعيَّة: صاحبة ما يسمى بمصر رَبْعاً أي مساكن فوق الحوانيت (الدكاكين) والمخازن وهي تؤجر هذه المساكن (ألف ليلة برسل 11: 343، 344).
رُبْعَيَّة: زِرّ الذهب (نبات) (بوشر).
رَبِيع: يطلق على العشب عامة (فوك) وأحدته ربيعــة والجمع ربائع (ألكالا، دومب ص39، 75). ويطلق أيضاً على الحشيش الجاف (ألكالا) وفيه كُدس من ربيع.
رَبيع: مزرعة فيها الشعير، وفيها النَفَل. وفيها نباتات أخرى وفيها العشر أيضاً ترعاها السائمة من الخيل (مملوك 1، 1: 16، زيشر 11: 477 رقم 3، بارت 1: 97).
في البيع: في القصيل، في المخضرة، في المرج (بوشر).
وهذه الكلمة ليست واضحة لدي في بيت ذكره المقري (1: 893).
ربيع الخُطاف: برق (ألكالا) ويجب أن تبدل به الباء بالفاء.
رَبَاعَة: جمعية، جماعة (شيرب).
رِبَاعَة: ربع من الأملاك العامة التي يستولي عليها المنتصر من أموال المغلوبين (انظر رُبَّع).
رَبِيعــة: في المشرق الحماية التي يحصل عليها من البدوي (برتون 2: 113).
رَبِيعَــة: نبات اسمه العلمي: Danthonia forskali ( دوماس حياة العرب ص382). رُبَيْعَــة: مِزولة، ساعة شمسية (ألكالا).
رُباعِيّ: ما ركب من أربع وحدات (بوشر).
رُباعِيّ: مرادف دوبيت (انظر دوبيت وسمي به لأنه يتألف من أربعة أشطر) (الجريدة الآسيوية 1839، 2: 164، ألف ليلة 1: 70).
ورُباعيّ وجمعه رباعيات اسم لنقد صغير من الذهب يساوي ربع دينار، وهو يساوي نحو أربع فرنكات (ابن جبير معجم، أماري ستوريا 2: 457 - 458) وانظر العبدري (ص48 و) ففيه: فكان حساب الويبة قريباً من ثلاثة أرباع الدينار.
والرُباعي في مصر يساوي نصف دينار لأنا نجد في ألف ليلة (برسل 2: 155): وأخذت معي رباعي يجي نصف دينار.
والرباعي في أيامنا اسم قطعة من النقد غير أنها لا تساوي إلا خمسة وأربعين سنتيماً (مجلة الشرق والجزائر السلسلة الجديدة 12: 397).
رباعي: اسم مكيال للسوائل، وهو حسب ما يقول بليسييه (ص367: 64): رباعي تساوي مَطَر (انظر مَطَر).
رُباعي: سعة ونصف (ألكالا).
رباعي: أرق أنواع الحلوى المسماة بالقطائف، ففي ابن البيطار (2: 309): ابن جزلة: القطائف المحشوة أَجْوده الرباعي المختمر النضيج. ويذكر ابن جزلة طريقة عملها في مادة قطائف محشو.
رَبِيعــيّ: نسبة إلى فصل الــربيع (بوشر). رَبّاع: بستاني، جناني، حدائقي (درب ص103).
رابع. الرابع. البرج الرَابع في فلك البروج وهو برج السرطان (المقدمة 2: 187) مع تعليقة المترجم.
أرْبَع. الأربعة: اليدان والرجلان (ألف ليلة 1: 89).
أربعة وأربعين: حريش (ابن البيطار 2: 32، باين سميث 1554) وأنظره في مادة جنجباسة.
يوم الأربع: يوم الأربعاء (بوشر).
أَرْبعاء: والعامة تجمعه على أرابع (محيط المحيط).
أَرْبَعُون. جُمْعَة الأربعين أو الأربعين وحدها: أول جمعة تلي الأربعين يوماً بعد تشييع الجنازة (لين عادات 2: 342).
صَوْم الأربعين: الصوم الكبير (بوشر).
يوم الأربعين: اليوم الأربعون بعد الزواج (لين عادات 2: 305).
أَرْبَعِينيَّة: الأربعون يوماً وهي أشد الأيام برداً في الشتاء، وتكون في صبارَّة الشتاء، وهي مرادف الليالي السود (أنظرها في مادة لَيْل). يقول ابن البيطار (2: 34) في كلامه عن السقنقور في الفيوم: وأكثر ما يقع صيده عندهم فيما زعموا في أيام الشتاء في الأربعينية منها، وهو إذا اشتد عليه برد الماء خرج منه الخ.
أُرْبُوع، ويجمع على أَرَابِيع: أسبوع عمل ذو أربعة أيام (معجم المنصوري في مادة أرابيع وأسابيع).
تَرْبِعَة: قطعة حجر (كرتاس ص31) وفي مخطوطات أخرى (انظر الترجمة ص45) تَــرْبِيعــة.
تَــرْبيعــ، ويجمع على تَرابِيع: صخرة مربعة سطحها مستو يمكن أن تكون دكَّة. ففي كوسج طرائف (ص143): فرأيت صخرة عظيمة مَلساء فيها تــربيع بقدر ما يجلس عليه النفر كالدكَّة.
وتــربيع: قطعة من الصخر فيما يظهر (كرتاس ص34).
وتــربيع: صالة أو غرفة للاستقبال وهي عادة مربعة (ألكالا). تــربيع: مجموعة من الحوانيت (الدكاكين) في موضع مستدير أو مربع أو أنها على خط واحد (دلابورت في الجريدة الآسيوية 1830، 1: 320، كرتاس ص26) وتستعمل كلمة تــربيعــة في نفس هذا المعنى (كرتاس ص41) حيث عليك أن تقرأ تــربيعــة القّزَّازين، وفقاً لما جاء في مخطوطتنا.
تــربيع: مزولة، ساعة الشمس (ألكالا).
تــربيع: هلال، ربع القمر أو مسيره (ابن العوام 1: 223).
تــربيع: مسح الأراضي وتقييمها (بوشر).
ميزان التــربيع: مقياس الاستواء، آلة يعرف بها إذا كان السطح مستوياً (ألكالا).
تــربيعــة: أنظرها في تَرْبِعَة وتَــرْبيع.
مَرْبَع: روضة (بوشر).
مَرْبَع: قطعة نسيج (هوست ص269).
مِرْبَع: إزميل (فوك: مَرْبَع عامية مِرْبع).
مُرْبع. وتجمع على مَرابع، وهي الإبل التي لا ترد الماء إلا رِبُعاً، ويقال التي تأكل الــربيع (ديوان الهذليين ص251).
مُرَبَّع، مربع القد: وسيط القامة (فوك)، وفي كتاب العقود في وصف أمة: مربعة القد. وكذلك في وصفه بغلة: مربعة الإقامة (تصحيف قامة).
ومُرَبَع: سمين ممتلئ (بوشر).
مُرَبَّع. حجر مربع: حجر منحوت مربع يستعمل قاعدة للأحجار الأخرى (ألكالا).
ومُرَبّع: صالة أو غرفة للاستقبال وتكون مُربَّعة عادة (ألكالا).
ومُرَبَّع فيما يظهر بمعنى تــربيع وتــربيعــة وهي مجموعة من الحوانيت (الدكاكين) في موضع مستدير أو مربع، أو بالأحرى على خط واحد.
ففي رياض النفوس (ص22 ق): فلما صاروا جميعاً إلى مربع السماط الذي يؤخذ منه إلى السقطيين الخ.
ومُرَبَّع: إناء مربع عند أهل الشام (همبرت ص198).
ومُرَبَّع: لعبة الشطرنج الهندية المربَّعة وفيها (8 × 8 = 64 خانة) فإن درلند، تاريخ الشطرنج (1: 108).
الآلة المرَبَّعة: لعبة الشَطرنج الكبرى المربعة عند العرب وهي (10 × 10 = 100 خانة) (نفس المصدر السابق).
مُرَبَّع: قطعة شعر ذات أربعة أبيات، وذلك بأن تضيف إلى كل شطر من أبيات قصيدة قديمة ثلاثة أشطر جديدة وذلك لتوضيح الفكرة أو تغييرها وتبديلها (دي سلان المقدمة 3: 405 رقم 3).
مرجان مُرَبَّع: عينة كبيرة منه تتخذ حلية (براكس ص28).
مُرَبَّعَة: رُبْع حجر (كرتاس ص31).
ومُرَبَّعَة: صالة أو غرفة للاستقبال تكون عادة مربعة. ففي مخطوطة كوبنهاجن المجهولة الهوية (ص98): وكان يسكن - بدا من ديار القصر وكان جلوسه غدواً وعشياً في مربعة الدار للنهي والأمر.
مُرَبَّعَة: حيّ من أحياء المدينة (فيث، لبت، اللباب، تكملة ص84).
مُرَبَّعَة: براءة، مرسوم، شهادة (مملوك 1، 1: 161، 203) وسميت مربعة بسبب شكلها المربع، ولأنا نجد فيه (ص219): المراسيم المربَّعة.
مُرَبَّعَة: نوع من المناديل تغطي به النسوة رؤوسهن. ففي رياض النفوس (ص94 ق) في كلامه عن رجل كان بسيطاً في لباسه: وكان يجعل على رأسه مربَّعة زوجته وهي خرقة لطيفة.
مُرَبَّعَة: بوقال، قمقم، وعاء زجاجي لا عروة له تحفظ فيه الحبوب والسوائل وأصناف الأطعمة وسواها (بوشر).
مُرَبَّعة: لا أدري أي معنى تعنيه هذه الكلمة التي جاءت في عبارة نشرت في الجريدة الآسيوية (1852، 2: 213) في الكلام عن بني مرين اللذين غلبوا في المعركة إذ تقول: ورجعت بنو مرين مشات بالمربعات إلى المغرب. وقد ترجمها السيد شربونّو (نفس المصدر ص226) بما معناه: وتشتت بنو مرين على الخيل في اتجاه مراكش. غير أن بالمربعات لا يمكن أن تعنى ((على الخيل))، وكلمة مُشاة (وهذا هو صواب كتابة الكلمة تدل دلالة صريحة على الضد من ذلك أي أنهم كانوا يمشون راجلين فقد استولى العدو على خيلهم).
مِرْباع: رَبْع، موضع ينزل فيه زمن الــربيع (المقدمة 3: 369).
مَرْبُوع، وتجمع على مرابيع: إزميل (فوك، دومب ص96، هلو).
مُتَّرَّبَع: رُبْع، موضع ينزل فيه زمن الــربيع (كوسج، طرائف ص144).

ربع

1 رَبَعَهُمْ, aor. ـَ and رَبُعَ and رَبِعَ, (Msb, K,) inf. n. رَبْعٌ, (TA,) He took the fourth part of their property, or possessions. (Msb, K.) And (so in the K, but in the Msb “ or,”) رَبَعَهُمْ, (S, Sgh, Msb, K,) aor. ـَ (S, Sgh, Msb) and رَبُعَ and رَبِعَ, (Sgh, Msb,) not, as is implied in the K, رَبِعَ only, (TA,) [or rather, not رَبَعَ only,] inf. n. as above, and رباعة [most probably رباعَةٌ] also, (L,) He took the fourth part of their spoil: (S, Sgh, Msb, K:) i. e., of the spoil of an army: this was done in the Time of Ignorance, but El-Islám reduced it to a fifth part; (K;) as is declared in the Kur viii.

42. (TA.) It is said in a trad., أَلَمْ أَجْعَلْكَ تَرْبَعُ وَتَدْسَعُ, (S, * TA,) mentioned [and explained] in art. دسع, q. v.: the meaning [intended] is, Did I not make thee an obeyed chief? (TA.) b2: and رَبَعَهُمْ, (S, Sgh, Msb,) or رَبَعَ الثَّلَاثَةَ, (K,) aor. ـَ (S, Sgh, Msb, K) and رَبُعَ and رَبِعَ, (Sgh, Msb, K,) [inf. n., app., رَبْعٌ,] He became the fourth of them; (S, Sgh, Msb;) or, the fourth of the three: (TA:) or he made the three to be four by [adding to them] himself. (K.) And رَبَعَهُمْ also signifies He made them, by adding himself to them, forty: or, four and forty. (K, * TA.) And He made them (namely thirteen) to be fourteen. (T in art. ثلث.) b3: رَبَعَهُ, aor. ـَ (S, K,) inf. n. رَبعٌ, (S,) He twisted it (namely a bow-string, S, TA, and a rope, or cord, K, TA) of four twists, or strands. (S, K.) A2: رَبَعَت الإِبِلُ, (S, K,) aor. ـَ inf. n. رَبْعٌ, (TA,) i. q. ↓ وَرَدَتِ الرِّبْعَ; (S, K;) i. e., The camels, having been kept from the water three days [counting two portions of days as one of those days], or four days [counting two portions of days as two days (for the difference is only verbal)], and three [whole] nights, came to the water on the fourth day [counting the day of the next preceding watering as the first]. (K.) [See رِبْعٌ, below. Another meaning of this phrase will be found later in the present paragraph.] Hence, أَرْبَعَ المَرِيضَ: see 4. (TA.) b2: رَبَعَتْ عَلَيْهِ الحُمَّى, (S, Msb, K,) aor. ـَ inf. n. رَبْعٌ; (Msb;) and عَلَيْهِ ↓ أَرْبَعَتْ, (S, Msb, K,) and ↓ أَرْبَعَتْهُ, but not رَبَعَتْهُ; (IAar;) or the phrase used by the Arabs is عليه الحمّى ↓ أَرْبَعَتْ: (Az, TA:) The fever seized him on one day and left him two days and then came again on the fourth day [counting the day of the next preceding fit as the first], (S, Msb, K,) and so on. (Msb.) and رُبِعَ, and ↓ أْرْبِعَ, (S, K,) and ↓ أَرْبَعَ is said to be also used in the same sense, (TA,) He had, or was seized by, a quartan fever; a fever of the kind described above. (S, K, TA.) b3: رَبَعَ said of a horse, He came fourth in the race. (T, M, L, all in art. ثلث.) A3: رُبِعَ, said of a man, also signifies He was hit, or hurt, in the أَرْبَاع, meaning regions, of his head. (TA.) A4: رَبَعَ المَطَرُ الأَرْضَ [The rain watered the earth and made it to produce herbage: see رَبِيعٌ]. (TA.) And رُبِعَتِ الأَرْضُ The land was watered by the rain in the season called رَبِيع. (S.) And رُبِعُوا They were rained upon by the rain of the season called رَبِيع; (K, * TA;) similar to قِيظُوا and صِيفُوا: (TA in art. قيظ:) and in like manner, رُبِعَتِ الإِبِلُ The camels were rained upon by that rain: and مَرْبَعٌ may be an inf. n. thereof. (Ham p. 425.) b2: Hence, i. e. from رَبَعَ المَطَرُالأَرْضَ, the phrase, رَبَعَ الفَرَسُ عَلَى قَوَائِمِهِ (assumed tropical:) The horse sweated in his legs. (TA.) b3: And [hence also,] رَبَعَهُ اللّٰهُ (tropical:) God restored him from a state of poverty to wealth or competence or sufficiency; recovered him from his embarassment or difficulty, or from a state of perdition or destruction. (TA.) A5: رَبَعَ الــرَّبِيعُ, aor. ـَ inf. n. رُبُوعٌ, The [season called] ربيع commenced. (TA.) b2: رَبَعَ بِالمَكَانِ, (K, TA,) aor. ـَ inf. n. رَبْعٌ, (TA,) in its primary acceptation, signifies He remained, abode, or dwelt, in the place in the [season called]

رَبِيع; (TA;) as also بِهِ ↓ ارتبع. (S, K.) b3: and hence, (TA,) (tropical:) He remained, abode, or dwell, in the place, (K, TA,) in any circumstances, and at any time; (TA;) he took it as his home. (K.) b4: Also He alighted and abode wherever he would, in the place, in abundance of herbage, and pasturage. (K, * TA.) b5: رَبَعَتِ الإِبِلُ, (K,) aor. ـَ inf. n. رَبْعٌ, (TA,) The camels fed by themselves in the pasturage, and ate as they pleased, and drank. (K.) [Another meaning of this phrase has been mentioned before.] b6: رَبَعَ فِى المَآءَ He (a man, TA) acted according to his own opinion or judgment, or did what he judged fit, with respect to the water. (K.) b7: رَبَعَ, (K,) aor. ـَ inf. n. رَبْعٌ, (TA,) said of a man, also signifies He had, or obtained, abundance of herbage (K, TA) [arising] from the [season, or rain, called] رَبِيع. (TA.) b8: Also, [app. from رَبَعَ بِالمَكَانِ in the second of the senses explained above, and if so, tropical, or doubly tropical,] aor. َ0, (assumed tropical:) He (a man, ISk, S) paused, (ISk, S, K,) and acted, or behaved, with deliberation or in a leisurely manner, (K,) and withheld himself. (ISk, S, K.) And [hence,] رَبَعَ عَلَيْهِ, (K,) inf. n. رَبْعٌ, (TA,) (assumed tropical:) He was affectionate, or pitiful, or compassionate, towards him: (K:) or he acted gently towards him. (TA.) And رَبَعَ عَنْهُ (K,) inf. n. رَبْعٌ, (TA,) (assumed tropical:) He restrained himself, refrained, abstained, or desisted, from it. (K.) The phrases اِرْبَعْ عَلَى نَفْسِكَ and اربع على ظَلْعِكَ (S, K) and اربع عَلَيْكَ (K) are from رَبَعَ in the sense of “ he paused,” &c., (S, K,) as explained by ISk, (S,) [or in one of the senses following that,] meaning (assumed tropical:) Deal thou gently with thyself; moderate thyself; restrain thyself: (S, TA:) or behave thou with deliberation, or in a leisurely manner: or the second of these phrases may mean continue thou notwithstanding thy slight lameness: or it may be from رَبَعَ الحَجَرَ, [q. v. infrà,] meaning take thou it, or reach it, notwithstanding thy slight lameness. (TA.) The phrase اِرْبَعِى بِنَفْسِكِ, or عَلَى نَفْسِكِ, in the trad. of Subey'ah El-Aslameeyeh, accord. to two different relations, admits of two interpretations: one is, (assumed tropical:) Pause thou, and wait for the completion of the عِدَّة [q. v.] of decease; and this is accord. to the persuasion of those who say that her عدّة is the more remote of the two periods, which is the persuasion of 'Alee and I'Ab: the second is, from رَبَعَ الرّجُلُ signifying “ the man had, or obtained, abundance of herbage,” and the meaning is, (assumed tropical:) relieve thou thyself, and release thyself from the straitness of the عدّة, and the evil of thy condition; and this is accord. to the persuasion of those who hold that her عدّة is the nearer of the two periods; and hence 'Omar said, “If she bring forth when her husband is on his bier, meaning, not buried, it is allowable for her to marry. ” (TA.) It is also said, in another trad., لَا يَرْبَعُ عَلَى ظَلْعِكَ مَنْ لَا يُحْزِنُهُ أَمْرُكَ, i. e. (assumed tropical:) He will not restrain himself, and be patient with thee, whom thy case does not grieve. (TA.) And it is said in a prov., حَدِّثِ امْرَأَةً حَدِيثَيْنِ فَإِنْ أَبَتْ فَارْبَعْ, i. e. (assumed tropical:) Speak thou to a woman twice; and if she refuse, abstain thou: or, accord. to one relation, it is ↓ فَأَرْبِعْ: and accord. to another, فَارْبَعْهُ, i. e., then add; for she is very weak in understanding; if she understand not, then make thou the two speeches to be four: Aboo-Sa'eed says, فَإِنْ لَمْ تَفْهَمْ بَعْدَ الأَرْبَعَةِ فَالْمِرْبَعَة, i. e., [and if she understand not after the four, then] the stick [is to be used; or, then use thou the stick]: the prov. applies to the hearing and answering in an evil manner. (TA.) You say also, رَبَعَتْ عَلَى عَقْلِ فُلَانٍ وَكَسَرَ فِيهَا رِبَاعَهُ, inf. n. رِبَاعَةٌ, (tropical:) [app. She behaved in a gentle and coaxing manner so as to get the better of the reason, or understanding, of such a one, and he sold his houses one after another to expend upon her;] i. e., he expended upon her all that he possessed, so that he sold his dwellings. (TA. [The و before كسر is not in the TA; but as it seems to have been dropped by inadvertence, I have supplied it.]) A6: رَبَعَ الفَصِيلُ The young camel widened his stepping, and ran; as also ↓ ارتبع. (TA.) A7: رَبَعَ الحَجَرَ, (S, K,) aor. ـَ inf. n. رَبْعٌ; (TA;) and ↓ ارتبعهُ; (S;) He raised, or lifted, the stone, (S, K, TA,) with the hand; (K, TA;) or carried it; (TA;) for trial of strength. (K.) It is said in a trad., مَرَّ بِقَوْمٍ يَرْبَعُونَ حَجَرًا, [He passed by a company of men raising, &c., a stone]; and ↓ يَرْتَبِعُونَ [signifies the same]; (S;) and ↓ يَتَرَبَّعُونَ. (Z, TA.) b2: رَبَعَ الحِمْلَ, (S, K,) aor. ـَ inf. n. رَبْعٌ (TA,) He put the [staff, or small staff, called] مِرْبَعَة beneath the load, and took hold of one end of the former, while another took hold of the other end, and then raised it, (S, K,) with the help of his companion, (K,) upon the camel, (S,) or upon the beast. (K,) [See also 3.]

A8: رَبِعَ بِعَيْشِهِ He (a man) approved his life; was satisfied, or content, with it. (TA.) 2 ربّعهُ, inf. n. تَــرْبِيعٌ, He made it four. (EshSheybánee, K voce وَحَّدَهُ.) b2: He made it (a thing) مُرَبَّع; (S, K;) i. e. he made it to have four portions [or sides or faces or angles &c.]: or he made it of the form of a thing having four legs; or of the form of a quadruped. (TA.) b3: فُلَانٌ يُثَلِّثُ وَلَا يُرَبَبّعُ Such a one counts three Khaleefehs, [namely, Aboo-Bekr and 'Omar and 'Othmán,] and [does not count a fourth, i. e.,] rejects [' Alee,] the fourth. (TA in art. ثلث.) b4: رَبَّعَتْ She brought forth her fourth offspring. (TA in art. بكر.) b5: ربّع لِامْرَأَتِهِ, or عِنْدَهَا, He remained four nights with his wife: and in like manner the verb is used in relation to any saying or action. (TA voce سَبَّعَ.) b6: تَــرْبِيعٌ also signifies [The watering of seed-produce on the fourth day, counting the day of the next preceding watering as the first;] the watering of seed-produce that is [next] after the تَثْلِيث. (TA.) [You say, ربّع الزَّرْعَ He watered the seed-produce on the fourth day, &c.]3 عَامَلَهُ مُرَابَعَةً, (Ks, S, K,) or اِسْتَأْجَرَهُ مُرَابَعَةً, and رِبَاعاً, (K,) [He bargained with him for work, or he hired him, or took him as a hireling, by, or for, the season called رِبَيع,] is from الــرَّبِيع, (K,) like مُشَاهَرَةً (Ks, S, K) from الشَّهْرُ, (K,) and مُصَايَفَةً (Ks, S, TA) from الصَّيْفُ, &c. (TA.) A2: مُرَابَعَةٌ also signifies The taking hold of the hand of another person beneath a load, and so raising it upon the camel, without a [staff, or small staff, such as is called] مِرْبَعَة. (S, * K, * TA.) You say, رَابَعَهُ He took hold of his hand &c. (IAar.) [See also 1; last signification but one.]4 اربع القَوْمُ The party of men (three in number, Msb) became four: (S, Msb, K: [but in the last of these, mentioned after another signification with which it is connected by the conjunction أَوْ “ or ”]) or, became forty. (TA.) A2: أَرْبَعَتْ عَلَيْهِ الحُمَّى, and أَرْبَعَتْهُ, and أُرْبِعَ, and أَرْبَعَ: see رَبَعَتْ عليه الحمّى, [which is from رَبَعَتِ الأِبِلُ,] in three places; and رُبِعَ, in two places. b2: أَغِبُّوا فِى عِيَادَةِ المَرِيضِ وَأَرْبِعُوا, occurring in a trad., [Come ye every third day, and every fourth day, counting the day of the next preceding visit as the first, in visiting the sick; or, which is the same, leave ye him one day, and] leave ye him two days, and come to him on the third day, in visiting the sick; unless he be overcome [by his sickness]: (S, TA:) this is [in like manner] from the water-ing of camels termed رِبْعٌ. (TA.) You say also, أَرْبَعَ المَرِيضَ He omitted visiting the sick man two days, and came to him on the third; (O, K;) or, as in the L, and in [some of] the copies of the S, on the fourth [if counting the day of the next preceding visit as the first]. (TA.) b3: [Hence also,] اربع عَلَيْهِ السَّائِلُ The asker, or beggar, asked, or begged, then went away, and then returned. (Ibn-' Abbád, Sgh, K. *) b4: And اربع بِالْمَرْأَةِ He returned to the مُجَامَعَة of the woman without langour: (L:) or اربع alone, said of a man, multum coïvit. (Ibn-' Abbád, K.) b5: and اربع الوِرْدُ, (O, K,) i. e. أَرْبَعَتِ الإِبِلُ بِالْوِرْدِ, (TA,) The camels quickly returned to watering, (O, * K, * TA,) so that they came to water without any appointed time: (TA:) mentioned by A 'Obeyd as written with the pointed غ, which is a mistranscription. (L, TA.) b6: And اربع said of the water of a well, It [returned quickly so that it] became abundant, or copious. (K.) b7: Said of a man, it also signifies ↓ وَرَدَتْ إِبِلُهُ رِبْغًا; (S;) [meaning] He was, or became, one whose camels came in the state in which they are termed رَوَابِع [i. e. being watered on the fourth day, counting the day of the next preceding watering as the first: from رَبَعَتِ الإِبِلُ: whence, likewise, what next follows]. (TA.) b8: اربع الإِبِلَ He watered the camels in the manner termed رِبْعًا [i. e. on the fourth day, counting the day of the next preceding watering as the first]. (TA.) b9: This last phrase, also, (K,) or اربع الإِبِلَ عَلَى المَآءِ, (As,) signifies He sent and left the camels to go to the water whenever they pleased. (As, K. *) [Another signification of the verb thus applied will be found below.]

A3: اربع, (inf. n. إِرْبَاعٌ, S, Msb) He (a sheep or goat, a bull, a solid-hoofed beast, and a camel,) became what is termed رَبَاعٍ: i. e., he shed the tooth called رَبَاعِيَة: (S, Msb, K:) it is when they do this that the camel and the horse begin to be strong. (TA.) A4: اربع القَوْمُ The people, or company of men, entered the [season called] رَبِيع: (S, K:) or [app. a mistake for “ and ”] it has the first of the significations mentioned in this paragraph. (K.) b2: And (so in the S, but in the K “ or ”) The people, or company of men, remained in the place where they had alighted and taken up their abode in the [season called] رَبِيع, abstaining from seeking after herbage; (S, K, TA;) the rain having been general, they remained where they were, because of the general fertility, not needing to remove for seeking after herbage. (TA.) [See also رَبَعَ بِالمَكَانِ.] b3: And The people, or company of men, came to, or arrived at, land of seed-produce and fruitfulness, and water. (TA.) b4: اربع الغَيْثُ The rain caused the [herbage called] رَبِيع to grow: (TA:) or the rain confined the people in their رِبَاع [or dwellings] by reason of its abundance. (Msb.) b5: اربعت الأَرْضُ The earth, or land, produced herbage. (Msb in art. جمد.) b6: اربع said of a man, (tropical:) He had offspring born to him in the prime of his manhood: (S, TA:) this being likened to the [season called] رَبِيع (TA.) b7: اربع إِبِلَهُ بِمَكَانِ كَذَا He pastured his camels in the [season called] رَبِيع in such a place. (S.) b8: اربعت النَّاقَةُ The she-camel's womb was, or became, closed, (اِسْتَغْلَقَتْ رَحِمُهَا,) so that it did not admit the seminal fluid; (Lth, K;) [perhaps because this commonly takes place in the season called رَبِيع, meaning either the spring or the season called رَبِيعُ الكَلَأِ; the usual season of the coupling of camels being winter;] as also ↓ ارتبعت. (TA.) A5: اربع لَهَا بِا لكَلَامِ He made an abominable request to her; mentioned in the T in art. عذم; (TA;) meaning سَأَلَهَا الوَطْءَ فِى الدُّبُرِ. (TA in art. عذم.) A6: See also a prov. mentioned in the latter part of the first paragraph.5 تربّع فِى جُلُوسِهِ (S, K) [He crossed his legs in his sitting; i. e. he sat cross-legged; because a person who does so puts himself in such a posture as to occupy nearly a square space;] contr. of جَثَا and أَقْعَى. (K.) A2: تربّع said of a camel, (S, K,) and of a horse, (TA,) He ate the [herbage called] رَبِيع (S, K, TA,) and in consequence became brisk, lively, or sprightly, (TA,) and fat; (K, TA;) and ↓ ارتبع signifies the same: (S, K:) or تربّعوا and ↓ ارتبعوا signify they lighted on, or found, [herbage called] رَبِيع: or they lighted on it, or found it, and remained among it: and تربّعت الإِبِلُ بِمَكَانِ كَذَا The camels remained, or abode, in such a place. (TA.) You say also, تَرَبَّعْنَا فِى الحَزْنِ وَالصَّمَّانِ We pastured upon the herbs, or leguminous plants, during the winter, upon the rugged ground and the hard and stony ground by the side of sand. (TA.) b2: تربّعت النَّخِيلُ The palm-trees had their fruit cut off; (TA, and in some copies of the K;) [because this is done in the autumn, which is called الــرّبِيع.]

A3: See also 1, near the end of the paragraph. b2: [Hence,] تربّعت النَّاقَةُ سَنَامًا طَوِيلًا The she-camel carried a tall hump. (K.) 6 ترابعوا حَجَرًا [They vied, one with another, in lifting a stone, for trial of strength: see رَبَعَ الحَجَرَ]. (TA in art. جذو.) 8 ارتبع He (a. camel) beat [the ground] with all his legs, in going along; (S;) and went quickly. (TA.) b2: See also 1, near the end of the paragraph.

A2: He (a man) was of middling stature, neither tall nor short. (S.) A3: See also رَبَعَ بِالمَكَانِ: b2: and see 5, in two places: b3: and 4, near the end of the paragraph: A4: see also رَبَعَ الحَجَرَ, in two places, near the end of 1.

A5: ارتبع أَمْرَ القَوْمِ He looked for, expected, or awaited, his being made commander, or lord, over the people, or party of men. (TA.) 10 استربعهُ He had power, or ability, for it, to do it, or to bear or endure it: (IAar:) from رَبَعَ الحَجَرَ. (Az.) b2: [Hence also,] استربع said of a camel, He was, or became, strong, لِلسَّيْرِ for journeying. (ISk, K.) b3: It (sand) became heaped up. (Az, K.) b4: It (dust) rose; or rose high. (Az, K.) رَبْعٌ A place where people remain, abide, or dwell, in the [season called] رَبِيع; (K, TA;) as also ↓ مَرْبَعٌ, (S, Msb, K,) and ↓ مُرْتَبَعٌ: (K, TA:) this is the primary signification: (TA:) and hence, (TA,) (tropical:) a place of alighting or abode, (Sh, S, Msb, K, TA,) of a people, or company of men; (Msb;) a settled place of abode; a place of constant residence; a dwelling; a home; whenever and wherever it be; as also ↓ مَرْبَعٌ, and ↓ مُرْتَبَعٌ: (TA:) and (assumed tropical:) a house, wherever it be: (S, Mgh, K:) [in Egypt, a range of distinct lodgings over shops or magazines, separate from the shops or magazines, but generally having one common entrance and staircase:] pl. [of mult.] رِبَاعٌ and رُبُوعٌ (S, Mgh, Msb, K) and [of pauc.] أَرْبَاعٌ and أَرْبُعٌ: (S, Msb, K:) and the pl. of ↓ مَرْبَعٌ is مَرَابِعُ. (S.) You say, مَا أَوْسَعَ رَبْعَ بَنِى فُلَانٍ (tropical:) How ample, or spacious, is the place of alighting, or abode, of the sons of such a one! (S, TA.) b2: Hence, also, (tropical:) The people of a place of alighting or abode; (Sh, Msb, TA;) the people of a house or tent: (Aboo-Málik, TA:) a company of men or people: (K:) a large number: (IB:) pl. as above: (Msb:) رُبُوعٌ signifies the people of places of alighting or abode: (Sh:) and also tribes. (TA.) You say, أَكَثَرَ اللّٰهُ رَبْعَكَ (tropical:) May God multiply the people of thy house or tent. (TA.) And هُمُ اليَوْمَ رَبْعٌ (tropical:) They now, or to-day, [are a large number; or] have become many, and have increased. (TA.) b3: [Hence, also,] (assumed tropical:) A bier; or a bier with a corpse upon it; syn. نَعْشٌ. (K, TA: [in the CK نَفْس.]) So in the saying, حَمَلْتُ رَبْعَهُ (assumed tropical:) [I bore, or carried, his bier, or his bier with his corpse upon it]. (TA.) b4: (assumed tropical:) The extremity of a mountain. (TA.) [App. because travellers often stop and rest there.]

A2: Also i. q. ↓ رَبْعَةٌ, (L, Msb, K,) which signifies, (S, L, &c.,) as also ↓ رَبَعَةٌ, and ↓ مَرْبُوعٌ, (L, Msb, K,) or الخَلْقِ ↓ مَرْبُوعُ, (S, Mgh, L,) and ↓ مُرْتَبِعٌ, (S, L, K,) and ↓ مُرْتَبَعٌ, (L, K,) and ↓ مِرْبَاعٌ, (K, but this last [says SM] I have not seen in the lexicons, except applied by the author of the “ Mo-heet ” as an epithet to a rope, TA,) applied to a man, (S, L, &c.,) Of middling stature; (Msb;) neither tall nor short; (S, L;) between tall and short: (K:) and so, applied to a woman, ↓ رَبْعَةٌ (S, Mgh, L, Msb, K) and ↓ رَبَعَةٌ, (L, Msb,) though originally applied to a man, like خَمْسَةٌ &c.: (L:) the pl. of رَبْعٌ is رَبْعُونَ: (Fr:) and that of ↓ رَبْعَةٌ is رَبَعَاتٌ, applied to men and to women, (S, Mgh, L, K,) and رَبْعَاتٌ also; (IAar, Fr, L, K) the former of these two pls. being anomalous, because a word of the measure فَعْلَةٌ has not its medial radical movent when it is an epithet, but only when it is a subst. and has not و or ي for that radical; (S, O, K;) or the medial radical is movent in this instance because رَبْعَةٌ is originally a fem. subst. applied to a male and a female, and used as an epithet; (L;) or because it resembles a subst. in its being applied alike to a man and a woman. (Az.) رُبْعٌ (S, Mgh, Msb, K) and ↓ رُبُعٌ, (S, Msb, K,) the former a contraction of the latter, (Msb,) [which is the more chaste, but the former is the more common,] A fourth part; (S, Msb, K;) one of four parts; (Mgh;;) as also ↓ رَبِيعٌ, (Msb, K,) like عَشِيرٌ; (TA;) and ↓ مِرْبَاعٌ, like مِعْشَارٌ: (Ktr, and S:) or the last signifies, (Msb, K,) or signifies also, (S,) the fourth part of the spoil, which the chief used to take (S, Msb, K) in the Time of Ignorance: (K:) the pl. of رُبْعٌ and ↓ رُبُعٌ is أَرْبَاعٌ [a pl. of pauc.] (Msb, TA) and رُبُوعٌ [a pl. of mult]: (TA:) and that of ↓ رَبِيعٌ is رُبُعٌ (K.) b2: الرُّبْعُ الهَاشِمِىُّ The same as the صَاع; because the قَفِيز is twelve times what is termed مَنّ: but الرُّبْعُ الحَجَّاجِىُّ is the same as the مُدّ, which is a quarter of what is termed الصَّاعُ الحَجَّاجِىُّ. (Mgh.) [In Egypt, the رُبْع is the fourth part of a وُيْبَة, q. v.] b3: أَرْبَاعُ الرَّأْسِ The [four] regions of the head. (TA.) رِبْعٌ The ظِمْء [or interval between two water-ings, or keeping from water during that interval,] which is meant in the phrase رَبَعَتِ الإِبِلُ [q. v.]; (S;) a certain ظِمْء of camels, respecting which authors differ: (TA:) it is when camels are kept from the water three days [counting two portions of days as one of those days], or four days [counting two portions of days as two days (for the difference is only verbal)], and three [whole] nights, and come to the water on the fourth day [counting the day of the next preceding watering as the first]; (K;) or [in other words] their coming to the water one day, and leaving it two days, and then coming to it on the fourth day; or a period of three [whole] nights and four days [of which the first and last are incomplete]; as is indicated in the K: or, as some say, [but this at variance with common usage,] their being kept from the water four [nights (for the n. of number is here fem.)], and then coming to it on the fifth [day (for the n. of number is here masc.)]. (TA.) You say, وَرَدَتِ الإِبِلُ الرِّبْعَ: see رَبَعَتِ الإِبِلُ. (S, K.) And وَرَدَتْ إِبِلُهُ رِبْعًا: see 4. (S.) And أَوْرَدَ الإِبِلَ رِبْعًا i. q. أَرْبَعَ الإِبِلَ [q. v.]. (TA.) b2: [Also, for سَيْرُ رِبْعٍ, A journey in which the camels are watered only on the first and fourth days.] b3: [In like manner,] with respect to fever, it signifies The seizing on one day and leaving two days and then coming again on the fourth day [counting the day of the next preceding fit as the first]. (S, K.) [The fever is termed] حُمَّى الرِّبْعِ [The quartan fever;] the fever that occurs on one day and intermits two days and then comes again on the fourth, and so on. (Msb.) And you say, جَآءَتْهُ الحُمَّى رِبْعًا, i. q. رَبَعَتْ عَلَيْهِ الحُمَّى [q. v.]. (K.) b4: Also The fourth young one, or offspring. (A in art. ثلث.) رُبَعَ: see رُبَاعُ.

A2: رُبَعٌ A young camel brought forth in the [season called] رَبِيع [here meaning autumn], which is the beginning of the breedingtime: (S, Msb, K:) so called because he widens his stepping, and runs: [see 1, near the end of the paragraph:] (TA:) fem. with ة: pl. masc.

رِبَاعٌ [a pl. of mult.] and أَرْبَاعٌ [a pl. of pauc.]; (S, Msb, K;) both irreg.; for accord. to the rule given by Sb, the pl. should be رِبْعَانٌ [like صرْدَانٌ pl. of صَرَدٌ]: (TA:) pl. fem. رُبَعَاتٌ (S, Msb, K, TA [in the CK, erroneously, رَبْعاتٌ]) and رِبَاعٌ. (K.) Hence the saying, مَا لَهُ هُبَعٌ وَلَا رُبَعٌ He has not a young camel brought forth in the end of the breeding-time nor one brought forth in the beginning thereof. (S, TA.) [See another ex. voce بُلَعٌ.] b2: [Hence, also,] الرُّبَعِ (assumed tropical:) A very small star in the midst of the عَوَائِذ, which are in the head of التِّنِّين [or Draco]. (Kzw.) رُبُعٌ: see رُبْعٌ, in two places.

رَبْعَةٌ: see رَبْعٌ, last signification, in three places.

A2: [A small round basket, covered with leather, in which perfumes are kept by him who sells them;] the جُونَة of the عَطَّار; (S, Mgh, K;) which is a سُلَيْلَة covered with leather: (Mgh:) or a four-sided vessel, like the جُونَة: said by El-Isbahánee to be so called because originally having four طَاقَات [app. meaning compartments, one above another, for different kinds of perfume]; or because having four legs. (TA.) b2: Hence, app., A chest in which the volumes of a copy of the Kur-án are kept; (Sgh, K;) called رَبْعَةُ المُصْحَفِ: (Mgh:) but thus applied, it is post-classical, (Sgh, K,) belonging to the conventional language of the people of Baghdád. (Sgh.) b3: Its application to A household utensil proper for women requires consideration. (Mgh.) رِبعَةٌ The beasts' collecting of themselves together in the [season called] رَبِيع: [whence] a a country, or region, is said to be طَيِّبُ الرِّبْعَةِ [good for the beasts' collecting of themselves together &c.]. (TA.) b2: [Hence, app.,] تَرَكْنَاهُمْ عَلَى رِبْعَتِهِمْ We left them in their former, or first, or original, and right, or good, state, or condition. (TA.) ↓ رَبَاعَةٌ, also, and ↓ رِبَاعَةٌ, signify An affair, a business, or a concern, in which one continues occupied; or a case, a state, or a condition, in which one abides, or continues; (K, TA;) meaning a former, or first, affair, &c.; (TA;) and only relating to a good state or condition: (Yaakoob, K:) or one's way, course, mode, or manner, of acting, or conduct, or the like: (K:) or one's right, or good, state, or condition, (K, TA,) in which he has been before: (TA:) or his [tribe such as is termed] قَبِيلَة: or [the portion thereof which is termed] his فَخِذَ: (K:) or ↓ هُمْ عَلَى رِبَاعَتِهِمْ, (S, K,) and ↓ رَبَاعَتِهِمْ, and ↓ رَبَاعِهِمْ, and ↓ رَبَعَاتِهِمْ, and ↓ رَبِعَاتِهِمْ, and ↓ رِبَعَتِهِمْ, (K,) means They are in their right, or good, state, or condition: (K, TA:) or they are occupied in their affair, or business, or concern, in which they were occupied before; or they are in their case, or state, or condition, in which they were before: (S, K:) or ↓ على رَبَعَاتِهِمْ, (S, K,) and ↓ رَبِعَاتِهِمْ, (Fr, S, K,) signifies in their right, or good, state, or condition, and in their former, or first, case; or in their right, or good, state, or condition, and occupied in their former, or first, affair, or business, or concern: (S:) or it means in their places of abode. (Th, K.) Yousay also, غَيْرُ ↓ مَافِى بَنِى فُلَانٍ مَنْ يَضْبِطُ رِبَاعَتَهُ فُلَانٍ i. e. [There is not among the sons of such a one he who manages thoroughly, or soundly,] his case, or affair, or business, or concern, in which he is occupied [except such a one]. (S.) And [hence,] قَوْمِهِ ↓ هُوَ عَلَى رِبَاعَةِ and هُوَ ذُو رِبَاعَةِ قَوْمِهِ He is the chief of his people. (Ham p. 313.

[See also رِبَاعَةٌ below.]) رَبَعَةٌ A quick pace of a camel, in which he goes along beating the ground with his legs: (TA:) or the most vehement running: (K:) or the most vehement running of camels: (S and K:) or a kind of running of camels which is not vehement. (K.) A2: See also رَبْعٌ, last signification, in two places. b2: See also its pl., رَبَعَات, voce رِبْعَةٌ, in two places.

رَبِعَةٌ: see its pl., رَبِعَات, voce رِبْعَةٌ, in two places.

رِبَعَةٌ: see رِبْعَةٌ.

رِبْعِىٌّ Of, or relating to, the رَبِيع; (S, Msb, K;) i. e., the season so called; [and the rain, and the herbage, so called;] a rel. n. irregularly formed. (Msb.) b2: Born in the [season called]

رَبِيع; applied to a young camel: born in the beginning of the breeding-time; [which means the same;] so applied. (TA.) b3: And hence, (TA,) (tropical:) A son born in the prime [or spring-time] of his father's manhood; (S, * TA;) because the ربيع is the beginning, and the most approved part, of the breeding-time: (TA:) pl. رِبْعِيُّونَ. (S, TA.) Saad Ibn-Málik says, (TA,) إِنَّ بَنِىَّ صِبْيَةٌ صَيْفِيُّونْ أَفْلَحَ مَنْ كَانَ لَهُ رِبْعِيُّونْ [Verily my sons are boys born in the summer of my age: happy is he who has sons born in the spring-time of his manhood.] (S, TA.) b4: A palm-tree (سِبْطٌ, i. e. نَخْلَةٌ,) of which the fruit ripens in the end of the summer, or hot season; AHn says, because then is the time of the [rain called] وَسْمِىّ. (TA.) b5: The Arabs say, صَرَفَانَةٌ رِبْعِيَّهْ تُصْرَمُ بِالصَّيْفِ وَتُؤْكَلُ بِالشَّتِيَّةْ [A hard kind of date that would ripen in the season called رَبِيع (meaning autumn) that is cut in the summer and eaten in the winter-season]. (TA.) b6: نَاقَةٌ رِبْعِيَّةٌ A she-camel that brings forth [in the season called رَبِيع,] before others. (TA.) b7: رِبْعِيَّةٌ [used as a subst., or as an epithet in which the quality of a subst. is predominant, for مِيرَةٌ رِبْعِيَّةٌ,] signifies The مِيرَة [or corn brought for provision, or the bringing thereof,] in the beginning of winter: (S, K:) or the مِيرَة of the [season called] رَبِيع; which is the first ميرة; next after. which is the صَيْفِيَّة; and next after this, the دَفَئِيَّة; and next after this, the رَمَضِيَّة. (TA.) [See art. مير.] b8: Also, the same, [used in like manner, for عِيرٌ رِبْعِيَّةٌ,] Camels that bring provision of corn in the [season called] رَبِيع; or, which means the same, in the beginning of the year: pl. رَبَاعِىُّ. (TA.) b9: And [used in the same manner, for غَزْوَةٌ رِبْعِيَّةٌ,] A warring, or warring and plundering, expedition in the [season called] رَبِيع. (TA.) b10: رِبْعِىٌّ also signifies (tropical:) The first, or beginning, or former part, of anything; for instance, of youthfulness, or the prime of manhood; and of glory: and رِبْعِيَّةٌ likewise, the beginning of breeding, and of summer. (TA.) b11: رِبْعِىُّ الطِّعَانِ (assumed tropical:) The sharpest kind of thrusting, or piercing. (Th, TA.) رِبْعِيَّةٌ fem. of رِبْعِىٌّ: [and also used as a subst., or as an epithet in which the quality of a subst. predominates: see the latter word, in several places.]

رَبَاعٌ: see an ex. in the phrase هُمْ عَلَى رَبَاعِهِمْ, voce رِبْعَةٌ.

A2: رَبَاعٍ, (S, Msb, K,) like ثَمَانٍ (S, K) and يَمَانٍ [in the CK ثَمَانٌ and ثَمَانٍ] and شَنَاحٍ and [pls. like] جَوَارٍ, which are the only words of this form, (K,) and رَبَاعٌ, (Kr, K,) accus. of the former رَبَاعِيًا, (S, Msb, K,) and fem. رَبَاعِيَةٌ, (S, K,) Shedding its tooth called the رَبَاعِيَة, q. v.; applied to the sheep or goat in the fourth year, and to the bull and cow and the solid-hoofed animal in the fifth year, and to the camel in the seventh year: (S, Msb, K:) [see 4:] pl. [of pauc.] أَرْبَاعٌ (Az, K) and [of mult.] رُبُعٌ (Az, S, Msb, K) and رُبْعٌ, (Th, Az, K,) but the former is the more common, (Az,) and رُبَعٌ (IAar, K) and رِبْعَانٌ (S, Msb, K) and رِبَاعٌ and رَبَاعِيَاتٌ. (K.) You say, رَكِبْتُ بِرْذَوْنًا رَبَاعِيًا [I rode a hackney shedding his رَبَاعِيَة, or in his fifth year]. (S, Msb, K.) b2: Hence, حَرْبٌ رَبَاعِيَةٌ (assumed tropical:) Vehement and youthful war. (TA.) رُبَاعُ [Four and four: four and four together: or four at a time and four at a time:] is a deviation from the original form, (S, K,) or أَرْبَعَةٌ أَرْبَعَةٌ; for which reason, [and, accord. to general opinion, because it is at the same time an epithet, (see ثُلَاثُ,)] it is imperfectly decl.: (K:) but the dim. is ↓ رُبَيِّعٌ, perfectly decl. (S voce ثُلَاثُ, q. v.) [See exs. voce ثُلَاثُ.] In the Kur iv. 3, El-Aamash read ↓ وَرُبَعَ instead of وَرُبَاعَ. (IJ, K.) رَبُوعٌ A she-camel that yields four أَقْدَاح [pl. of قَدَحٌ] of milk. (IAar.) A2: See also الأَرْبِعَآءُ.

رَبِيعٌ: see رُبْعٌ, in two places.

A2: It has also a twofold application; to months and to seasons: and it has a twofold application to months; denoting Two months, (S, Msb, K,) [next] after صَفَرٌ; (S, K;) and they say, (Msb,) one should only say, in speaking of them, شَهْرُ رَبِيعٍ الأَوَّلُ and شَهْرُ رَبِيعٍ الآخِرٌ; (S, Msb, K;) [but in the margin of the copy of the S which I have here followed, I find it stated that in the handwriting of the author the former is شهر ربيعِ الاول (with a single kesreh, and with no syll. sign to الاول); and in another copy of the S I find شهرُ ربيع الاولِ and شَهرُ رَبيع الآخِر;] with the addition of شهر: but it is allowable to say also شَهْرُ رَبِيعِ الأَوَّلِ and شَهْرُ رَبِيعِ الآخِرِ: the word شهر is necessarily added in order to discriminate between the months thus called and the season called ربيع: Az says, the Arabs mention all the months without the word شهر except the two months of ربيع and the month of رَمَضَان: and they say also شَهْرَا رَبِيعٍ and أَشْهُرُ رَبِيعٍ and شُهُورُ رَبِيعٍ: (Msb:) these months were thus called because, when they received this name, they occurred in the season when the earth produced herbage. (Msb in art. جمد.) It has a twofold application also to seasons; الــرَّبِيعُ الأَوَّلُ being The season in which the truffles and the blossoms come, (S, Msb, K,) and this is [also called] رَبِيعُ الكَلَأِ [the rabeea of the herbage, properly called the spring of Arabia]; (S;) and الــرَّبِيعُ الثَّانِى The season in which fruits ripen; (S, Msb, K;) [also called رَبِيعُ الثِّمَارِ;] but some people call this الــرَّبِيعُ الأَوَّلُ; (S, TA;) and the season which follows the winter, and in which the truffles and the blossoms come, they call الــرَّبِيعُ الثَّانِى; but all of them agree that the خَرِيف [or autumn] is called الــرَّبِيعُ: AHn says, the two divisions of the winter [by which he means the half-year commencing at the autumnal equinox] are called رَبِيعَــانِ; the former being رَبِيعُ المَآءِ وَالأَمْطَار ِ [the rabeea of the water and the rains, in which the rain called الوَسْمِىّ, which is termed the first of the rains, commences]; and the second being رَبِيعُ النَّبَاتِ [or رَبِيعُ الكَلَأِ the rabeea of the herbage], because the herbage therein attains to its last stage: and he adds, that رَبِيعٌ is applied by the Arabs to the whole winter, [meaning, again, the half-year commencing at the autumnal equinox,] because of the moisture, or rain: (TA:) or the year consists of six seasons; (so in the K; but in the S, “and I heard Abu-l-Ghowth say, the Arabs make the year to be six seasons; ”) two months thereof are called الــرَّبِيعُ الأَوَّلُ; and two months, صَيْفٌ; and two months, قَيْظٌ; (S, K;) and two months, ربيع الثانى, (so in a copy of the S,) or رَبِيعٌ الثّانى, (so in another copy of the S, [but in the margin of this latter, I find it stated that in the handwriting of the author it is ربيعُ الثانى, without tenween,]) or الــرَّبِيعُ الثَّانِى; (K;) and two months, خَرِيفٌ; and two months, شِتَآءٌ. (S, K.) Az relates, with respect to the seasons and divisions of the year, on the authority of Aboo-Yahyà Ibn-Kibáseh, who possessed very great knowledge thereof, that the year consists of four seasons; namely, الــرَّبِيعُ الأَوَّلُ, which the vulgar call الخَرِيفُ [The autumn]; then الشِّتَآءُ [the winter]; then الصَّيْفُ, which is الــرَّبِيعُ الآخِرُ [or الثَّانِى, i. e. the spring]; then القَيْظُ [the summer, or hot season]: all this is what the Arabs in the desert say: the ربيع which is with the Persians the خريف, he says, commences on the third of أَيْلُول [September O. S.]; and the شِتَآء, on the third of كَانُون الأَوَّل [December O. S.]; and the صيف which is with the Persians the ربيع. on the fifth of آذَار [March O. S.]; and the قيظ which is with the Persians the صيف, on the fourth of حَزِيرَان [June O. S.]: and Aboo-Yahyà adds, the ربيع of the people of El-' Irák agrees with the ربيع of the Persians, which is after the شتاء [or winter], and which is the season of the flowers, or roses, and is the most temperate of the seasons: the people of El-' Irák, he says, have rain in all the winter, and have abundance of herbage in the خريف, which the Arabs call الــربيع الاوّل: and Az says, the quarter of the خريف is called خريف because the fruits are gathered therein; and the Arabs call it ربيع because the first rain [which is called الوَسْمِىّ] falls therein. (TA.) The pl. of ربيع is أَرْبِعَةٌ [a pl. of pauc.] and أَرْبِعَآءُ [a pl. of mult.] (S, Msb, K) and رِبَاعٌ; (AHn, K;) or the first of these is pl. of ربيع الكلأ (Fr, Yaakoob, S, Msb, K) and of the ربيع of the months; (Fr, Msb;) but the second is pl. of ربيع in the sense of جَدْوَلٌ, to be explained below. (Fr, Yaakoob, S, Msb, K.) Hence the phrase in a supplication, mentioned in a trad., اَللّٰهُمَّ اجْعَلِ القُرْآنَ رَبِيعَ قَلْبِى [O God, make Thou the Kur-án to be the life, or ease, of my heart]; because the heart of man becomes lively, or at ease, in the season called رَبِيع. (TA.) Hence also, (TA,) أَبُو الــرَّبِيعِ The هُدْهُد [or hoopoe]; (K;) because it appears with the [season called] ربيع. (TA.) [See also, respecting the seasons &c., the word زَمَنٌ.] b2: Also The rain in the [season called] رَبيع [as meaning the half-year commencing at the autumnal equinox, (which includes what is really the spring of Arabia, called “ the rabeea of the herbage,”) accord. to a statement of AHn cited above, and accord. to what is stated on the authority of Az voce نَوْءٌ]: (S, K:) or [only, accord. to some,] the rain which is after the وَسْمِىّ, and after which is [that called] the صَيْف, and then the حَمِيم: or, accord. to AHn, rain whenever it comes: Az says, I have heard the Arabs call thus the first rain falling upon the earth in the days of the خَرِيف [or autumn]: (TA:) the pl. [of pauc.] is أَرْبِعَةٌ and [of mult.] رِبَاعٌ. (AHn, TA.) [See also, respecting the rains, the word زَمَنٌ.] b3: Also Herbage; green herbage which the beasts eat; (TA;) [properly] the herbage that is produced by the first rain in the quarter which is called the رَبِيع, and which is commonly called the خَرِيف [or autumn], (Msb in art. زمن,) [continuing its growth during the winter-quarter, which is also called the رَبِيع, and which includes, as stated above, what is really the spring of Arabia, called “ the rabeea of the herbage,” wherein, as AHn says, the herbage attains to its last stage: it seems generally to mean the spring-herbage, which is earlier or later in different latitudes:] pl. أَرِْبعَةٌ. (TA.) [Hence,] a poet says, يَدَاكَ يَدٌ رَبِيعُ النَّاسِ فِيهَا وَفِى الأُخْرَى الشُّهُورُ مِنَ الحَرَامِ meaning (assumed tropical:) [Thy two hands are such that] one hand has in it the means of the plentiful subsistence of mankind, [and in the other are the sacred months, i. e.] in the other is [that which causes] security, and safeguard, and the preservation of what is to be regarded as sacred and inviolable. (TA.) [Compare Proverbs iii. 16.] b4: Also (assumed tropical:) A rivulet, or streamlet; (Msb, K;) i. q. جَدْوَلٌ: (S, Msb, K:) or i. q. نَهْرٌ: (Mgh:) or نَهْرٌ صَغِيرٌ: (Har p. 402:) (tropical:) a rivulet, or streamlet, that runs to palmtrees: and رَبِيعُ السَّاقِى, a subst prefixed to its epithet, occurring in a trad., (assumed tropical:) the river [or rivulet] that waters seed-produce: (TA:) pl. أَرْبِعَآءُ (Fr, Yaakoob, S, Msb, K) and رِبْعَانٌ. (TA.) A poet says, describing one drinking much, فُوهُ رَبِيعٌ وَكَفُّهُ قَدَحٌ (assumed tropical:) His mouth is a river [and his hand is a bowl]. (TA.) b5: Also A share, or portion, of water for [irrigating] land, (IDrd, K, TA,) whatever it be: or, as some say, a share, or portion, thereof for the quarter of a day or night; but this is not of valid authority. (TA.) You say, لِفُلَانٍ مِنْ هٰذَا المَآءِ رَبِيعٌ, (K, TA,) or, as in some copies of the K, فِى, instead of مِنْ, i. e. To such a one belongs a share, or portion, of this water [for irrigating land]. (TA.) b6: The dim. of رَبِيعٌ is ↓ رُبَيِّعٌ. (Msb.) رُبَيِّعٌ: see رُبَاعٌ: A2: and see also رَبِيعٌ, last sentence.

رَبَاعَةٌ: see رِبْعَةٌ, in two places.

رِبَاعَةٌ: see رِبْعَةٌ, in four places. b2: It also signifies A kind of حَمَالَة [meaning obligation, or responsibility, that must be discharged, or performed, taken upon himself by a person for others; and here, particularly, such as is taken upon himself by the head, or chief, of a people]. (S, K.) You say, هُوَ عَلَى رِبَاعَةِ قَوْمِهِ, [properly He is over the affairs of his people, as indicated above, voce رِبْعَةٌ, last sentence,] meaning He is the head, or chief, of his people. (TA.) Abu-l- Kásim El-Isbahánee says, رِبَاعَةٌ is metaphorically used to signify (tropical:) The being a head, or chief; or the office of head, or chief; in consideration of the taking of the مِرْبَاع [or fourth part of the spoil, which was the share of the chief]: and hence one says, لَايُقِيمُ رِبَاعَةَ القَوْمِ غَيْرُ فُلَانٍ (tropical:) [None will act vigorously in the office of head, or chief, of the people, except such a one]. (TA.) رَبِيعَــةٌ A stone that is raised, or lifted, (S, K, TA,) for trial of strength: (K, TA:) applied only to a stone. (Az, TA.) A2: A helmet of iron. (Lth, S, K.) A3: A meadow; or a garden; syn. رَوْضَةٌ. (IAar, K.) A4: A [leathern water-bag, such as is called] مَزَادَة. (K.) b2: A kind of receptacle for perfume and the like; syn. عَتِيدَةٌ, q. v. (K.) رُبَاعِىٌّ A boy four spans (أَشْبَار) in height. (S and Msb voce خُمَاسِىٌّ, q. v.) It is also applied to a camel, like سُبَاعِىٌّ; [app. meaning Four cubits in height:] fem. with ة. (TA in art. سبع.) b2: [Also A word composed of four letters, radical only, or radical and augmentative.]

رَبَاعِيَةٌ The tooth that is between the ثَنِيَّة [or central incisor] and the نَاب; (S, Msb, K;) i. e. each of the four teeth which are next to the ثَنَايَا, (Mgh, * TA,) pertaining to man and to others: (TA:) pl. رَبَاعِيَاتٌ: (S, Mgh, Msb, K:) a man has, above, [two teeth called] ثَنِيَّتَانِ, and [two called] رَبَاعِيَتَانِ, after them, and [two called]

نَابَانِ, and [two called] ضَاحِكَانِ, and six أَرْحَآء, on each side [three], and [two teeth called]

نَاجِذَانِ; and the like below: (As, TA:) and the solid-hoofed animal has, after the ثَنَايَا, four رَبَاعِيَات, and four قَوَارِح, and four أَنْيَاب, and eight أَضْرَاس. (Az, TA.) A2: Also fem. of رَبَاعٍ [q. v.]. (S, K.) رَبَّاعٌ One who often buys, or sells, رِبَاع, meaning houses, or places of abode. (IAar, K.) رَابِعٌ [act. part. n. of رَبَعَ]. b2: The chief who used to take the fourth part of the spoil, in the Time of Ignorance. (Ham p. 336.) b3: هُوَ رَابِعُ أَرْبَعَةٍ He is [the fourth of four, or] one of four. (TA.) b4: [رَابِعَ عَشَرَ and رَابِعَةَ عَشْرَةَ, the former masc. and the latter fem., meaning Fourteenth, are subject to the same rules as ثَالِثَ عَشَرَ and its fem., expl. in art. ثلث, q. v.] b5: إِبِلٌ رَوَابِعُ [Camels coming to water, or being watered, on the fourth day, counting the day of the next preceding watering as the first: pl. of رَابِعَةٌ]: from رَبَعَتِ الإِبِلُ, meaning وَرَدَتِ الرِّبْعَ. (S, K.) In like manner, also, رَوَابعُ is applied, metaphorically, to birds of the kind called قَطًا, as an epithet denoting their coming to water, by El-'Ajjáj. (TA.) A2: رَبِيعٌ رَابِعٌ A fruitful, or plentiful, ربيع [meaning the season so called]. (ISk, K.) b2: One does not say يَوْمٌ رَابِعٌ like as one says يَوْمٌ قَائِظٌ &c., because there is no corresponding verb, like قَاظَ, &c., for such a verb would have no meaning of heat nor of cold. (IB.) A3: هُوَ رَابِعٌ عَلَى حَالِهِ He is abiding, or continuing, in his state, or condition. (TA.) أَرْبَعٌ: see أَرْبَعَةٌ.

A2: هِىَ أَرْبَعُهُنَّ لَقَاحًا She is the quickest of them in conceiving, or becoming pregnant. (Th.) أَرْبَعَةٌ [Four;] a masc. n. of number; fem.

↓ أَرْبَعٌ. (S, K.) [Respecting a peculiar pronunciation of the people of El-Hijáz, and a case in which اربعة is imperfectly decl., see ثَلَاثَةٌ. See also سِتَّةٌ.] b2: ذَوَاتُ الأَرْبَعِ The quadrupeds. (The Lexicons passim.) b3: جَآءَتْ عَيْنَاهُ بِأَرْبَعَةٍ (tropical:) His two eyes shed tears running from their four sides: or it means, accord. to Z, he came weeping most vehemently. (TA.) [See another ex. voce ثَمَانِيَةٌ.] b4: أَرْبَعَةَ عَشَرَ [indecl. in every case, meaning Fourteen,] is pronounced by some of the Arabs أَرْبَعَةَ عْشَرَ: and [the fem.] أَرْبَعَ عَشْرَةَ, thus in the dial. of El-Hijáz [and of most of the Arabs], is pronounced أَرْبَعَ عَشِرَةَ in the dial. of Nejd. (S in art. عشر.) الأَرْبِعَآءُ, [also written without tenween when not rendered determinate by the article or otherwise accord. to most authorities, who make it fem., but with tenween when indeterminate accord. to those who make it masc.,] and الأَرْبَعَآءُ, (As, S, Msb, K,) the latter on the authority of some of the BenooAsad, (S, Msb,) and الأَرْبُعَآءُ, (As, Msb, K,) which is a form of the word seldom used, (Msb,) and الإِرْبِعَآءُ, and الإِرْبَعَآءُ, the last two mentioned by IHsh, the first of all the most chaste, (MF,) but it is the only sing. word of its measure, (El-Kutabee, Msb,) except أَرْمِدَآءُ, (Az, O,) the name of A certain day; (S, Msb, K;) [namely Wednesday;] the fourth day of the week; (L;) as also ↓ الرَّبُوعُ; but this is post-classical: (TA:) the dual of أَرْبِعَآء is أَرْبِعَاوَانِ; (L;) and the pl. is أَرْبِعَاوَاتٌ, (S, L,) [accord. to those who make the sing. fem.;] or the dual is أَرْبِعَآءَانِ, and the pl. is أَرْبِعَآءَاتٌ; (K;) thus says Aboo-Jukhádib, regarding the noun as masc.: (Fr:) Aboo-Ziyád used to say, مَضَى الأَرْبِعَآءُ بِمَا فِيهِ [Wednesday passed with what (occurred) in it], making it sing. and masc. [because he meant thereby يَوْمُ الأَرْبِعَآءُ]; but Abu-l-Jarráh used to say, مَضَتِ الأَرْبِعَآءُ بِمَا فِيهِنَّ, making it fem. and pl., and employing it like a n. of number: (Lh:) Th is related to have mentioned أَرَابِيعُ as a pl. of الأَرْبِعَآءُ; but ISd says, I am not sure of this. (TA.) The word has no dim. (Sb, S in art. امس.) أَرْبَعُونَ [Forty;] a certain number, (TA,) after ثَلَاثُونَ. (S, K.) b2: [Also Fortieth.]

أَرْبِعَاوِىٌّ One who fasts alone on the أَرْبِعَآء [or Wednesday]. (IAar.) مَرْبَعٌ; see رَبْعٌ in three places.

مُرْبَعٌ, applied to a camel, [That is watered on the fourth day, counting the day of the next preceding watering as the first: (see 4:) and] that is brought to the water at any time. (TA.) b2: See also مَرْبُوعٌ.

مُرْبِعٌ: b2: see مَرْبُوعٌ.

A2: Applied to rain, (S, Msb, TA,) That comes in the [season called]

رَبِيع: [in the Ham p. 425, written مَرْبَع:] or that induces the people to remain in their abodes and not to seek after herbage: (TA:) or that confines the people in their رِبَاع [or dwellings] by reason of its abundance: (Msb:) or that causes the [herbage called] رَبِيع to grow: (TA:) or that causes the growth of that in which the camels may pasture at pleasure. (S.) b2: With ة, applied to land (أَرْضٌ), Abounding with [the herbage called]

رَبِيع; as also ↓ مِرْبَاعٌ. (TA.) b3: Without ة, applied to a she-camel, (As, S, K,) That brings forth in the [season called] رَبِيع: (S, K:) or that has her young one with her; (As, S, K;) the young one being called رُبَعٌ: (As, S:) as also ↓ مِرْبَاعٌ: (As, TA:) or the latter signifies one that usually brings forth in the [season called]

رَبِيع: (S, K:) or that brings forth in the beginning of the breeding-time: (As, S, K:) or that is early, or before others, in becoming pregnant: (TA:) and the former, so applied, signifies also one whose womb is, or becomes, closed, [app. in the season called رَبِيع, (see 4,)] so that it does not admit the seminal fluid. (TA.) b4: Applied to a man, (tropical:) Having offspring born to him in the prime of his manhood. (TA.) [See 4]

A3: Also The sail of a full ship: (AA, K:) that of an empty ship is called رُومِىٌّ. (AA, TA.) مِرْبَعٌ: see مِرْبَعَةٌ.

مُرَبَّعٌ (S, K,) Having four portions [or sides or faces or angles &c.; generally meaning either square or quadrilateral]: or of the form of a thing having four legs; or of the form of a quadruped. (TA.) [See also مُثَلَّثٌ.] b2: مُرَبَّعُ الحَاجِبَيْنِ (assumed tropical:) A man whose eyebrows have much hair; as though he had four eyebrows. (TA.) b3: مُرَبَّعٌ الجَبْهَةِ [Having a square forehead; meaning] (tropical:) a slave. (TA.) أَرْضٌ مَرْبَعَةٌ A land containing, or having, يَرَابِيع [or jerboas]; (S, K;) as also ↓ أَرْضٌ مُرْتَبِعٌ. (TA.) مِرْبَعَةٌ A staff, (K,) or small staff, (S,) of which two men take hold of the two ends in order to raise a load (S, K) and put it upon the back of the camel, (S,) or upon the beast; (K;) as also ↓ مِرْبَعٌ: (K:) which latter is also expl. as signifying a piece of wood with which a thing is taken. (TA.) [See 1, last signification but one.]

مِرْبَاعٌ: see رُبْعٌ: A2: and مَرْبُوعٌ: A3: and رَبْعٌ.

A4: Rain that comes in the beginning of the [season called] رَبِيع: [an epithet used in this sense as a subst.:] pl. مَرَابِيعُ. (S, * K, * TA, * [in which only the pl. is mentioned,] and EM p. 140.) Hence, مَرَابِيعُ النُّجُومِ, as used in a verse of Lebeed cited in the first paragraph of art. رزق; by the نُجُوم being meant the أَنْوَآء; (S;) i. e. the Mansions of the Moon [which by their rising or setting at dawn were supposed to bring rain or wind or heat or cold]. (EM ubi suprà.) b2: Applied to a place, That produces herbage in the beginning of the [season called] رَبِيع. (K, TA.) b3: Applied to land (أَرْضٌ): see مُرْبِعٌ. b4: Applied to a she-camel: see مُرْبِعٌ.

مَرْبُوعٌ Twisted of four twists, or strands; (S, TA;) applied to a rope, (TA,) as also ↓ مِرْبَاعٌ, (Ibn-' Abbád, TA,) and to a bow-string, and a bridle. (S, TA.) b2: Applied to a spear, Four cubits in length: (TA:) or neither long nor short; (S, TA;) and in like manner applied to a man: see رَبْعٌ, in two places: (S, Mgh, L, &c.:) and [hence its pl.] مَرَابِيعُ, applied to horses, compact in make. (TA.) A2: Also, applied to a man, Having a fever which seizes him on one day and leaves him two days and then comes again on the fourth day [counting the day of the next preceding fit as the first; i. e. having, or seized by, a quartan fever]; as also ↓ مُرْبَعٌ; (S, K;) and ↓ مُرْبِعٌ is said to be used in the same sense; but the Arabs say مُرْبَعٌ. (Az, TA.) A3: أَرْضٌ مَرْبُوعَةً, and شَجَرٌ مَرْبُوعٌ, Land, and trees, watered by the rain in the season called رَبِيع. (S, TA.) b2: [Hence,] مَرْبُوعٌ, applied to a man, also signifies (tropical:) Restored from a state of poverty to wealth or competence or sufficiency; recovered from his embarassment or difficulty, or from a state of perdition or destruction. (TA.) مَرَابِيعُ, pl. of مَرْبُوعٌ [q. v.]: A2: and pl. of مِرْبَاعٌ [q. v.].

مُرْتَبَعٌ: see رَبْعٌ, in three places.

مُرْتَبِعٌ, applied to a beast, That has pastured upon the [herbage called] رَبِيع, and become fat, and brisk, lively, or sprightly. (TA.) A2: See also رَبْعٌ: A3: and see أَرْضٌ مَرْبَعَةٌ.

جَلَسَ مُتَرَبِّعًا He sat cross-legged; i. q. تَرَبَّعَ فِى

جُلُوسِهِ. (TA.) مُسْتَرْبِعٌ شَيْئًا Having power, or ability, for, or to do, a thing; as, for instance, war, or battle; (IAar;) or to bear, or endure, a thing; (IAar, Sgh;) as when relating to an envier, meaning his envy. (Sgh.) You say also رَجُلٌ مُسْتَرْبِعٌ بِعَمَلِهِ A man who is able by himself to execute his work, having power, or strength, to do it, and very patient. (K.) يَرْبُوعٌ, in which the ى is augmentative, (Kr, S, Msb,) because there is not in the language of the Arabs any word of the measure فَعْلُولٌ, (Kr, S,) except what is extr., such as صَعْفُوقٌ, (K,) which is a foreign word [introduced into their language], (S in art. صعفق,) [The jerboa;] a certain wellknown beast; (K;) a small beast like the فَأْرَة [or rat], but longer in the tail and ears, and of which the hind legs are longer than the fore-legs, the reverse of what is the case in the زَرَافَة [or giraffe]; called by the vulgar جَرْبُوع; (Msb;) a rat (فَأْرَة) of which the burrow has four entrances; Az says, it is a small beast larger than the جُرَذ, [q. v.; but in the L, in art. جرذ, the reverse of this is said;] and the name is applied alike to the male and the female: (TA:) [Forskål (“ Descr. Animalium,”

p. iv.,) terms it mus jaculus: see the questions appended to Niebuhr's “ Descr. de l' Arabie,” p.

177:] pl. يَرَابِيعُ. (S, Msb.) [See ذُو الرُّمَيْحِ, voce رُمْحٌ.] b2: Hence, (TA,) اليَرْبُوعُ also signifies لَحْمَةُ المَتْنِ (tropical:) [The portion of flesh and sinew next the back-bone, on either side]; (S * K;) as being likened to the فأَرة [thus called]: (TA:) or this is with damm [اليُرْبُوعُ]: (K:) or the يَرَابِيعُ of the مَتْن are its portions of flesh; (T, S, K;) and the word has no sing.: (K:) Az says, I have not heard any sing. thereof. (TA.) الجَارُ اليَرْبُوعِىُّ The neighbour that is variable in his actions [like the jerboa, which is noted for having recourse to various expedients, in the formation of its burrow, &c., to avoid capture]; like الجَارُ البَرَاقِشِىُّ. (IAar, TA in art. جور.)

ربع
الرَّبْع: الدارُ بعَينِها حيثُ كَانَت، كَمَا فِي الصِّحَاح. وأنشدَ الصَّاغانِيّ لزُهيرِ بن أبي سُلْمى:
(فلمّا عَرَفْتُ الدارَ قلتُ لرَبْعِها ... أَلا انْعَمْ صَباحاً أيُّها الرَّبْعُ واسْلَم)
قَالَ الجَوْهَرِيّ: ج: رِباعٌ بالكَسْر، ورُبوعٌ، بالضَّمّ، وأَرْبُعٌ، كأَفْلُسٍ، وأَرْبَاعٌ، كزَنْدٍ وأَزْنَادٍ. شَاهد الرُّبوع قَوْلُ الشَّمَّاخ:
(تُصيبُهمُ وتُخْطِئُني المَنايا ... وأَخْلُفُ فِي رُبوعٍ عَن رُبوعِ)
وشاهِدُ الأَرْبُعِ قولُ ذِي الرُّمَّة:
(أَلِلأَرْبُعِ الدُّهْمِ اللَّواتي كأنَّها ... بَقِيَّةُ وَحْيٍ فِي بُطونِ الصَّحائفِ)
الرَّبْع: المَحَلَّة. يُقَال: مَا أوسعَ رَبْعَ فلانٍ. نَقله الجَوْهَرِيّ. الرَّبْع: المَنزِلُ والوطَن، مَتى كَانَ، وبأيِّ مَكَان، كلُّ ذَلِك مُشتقٌّ من رَبَعَ بالمكانِ يَرْبَع رَبْعَاً، إِذا اطمَأَنَّ، والجَمعُ كالجَمع، وَمِنْه الحَدِيث: وَهل تَرَكَ لنا عَقيلٌ مِن رَبْع ويُروى: مِن رِباعٍ، أرادَ بِهِ المَنزِلَ ودارَ الإقامةِ. وَفِي حديثِ عائشةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهَا: أنّها أرادتْ بَيْعَ رِباعِها. الرَّبْع: النَّعْش، يُقَال: حَمَلْتُ رَبْعَه، أَي نَعْشَه. وَيُقَال أَيْضا: رَبَعَه الله، إِذا نَعَشَه. ورجلٌ مَرْبُوعٌ، أَي مَنْعُوشٌ مُنَفَّسٌ عَنهُ. وَهُوَ مَجاز.
الرَّبْع: جماعةُ النَّاس. وَقَالَ شَمِرٌ: الرُّبوع: أهلُ المَنازلِ. وَبِه فُسِّرَ قولُ الشّمّاخِ المُتقدِّم: وأَخْلُفُ فِي رُبوعٍ عَن رُبوعِ أَي فِي قومٍ بعدَ قومٍ. وَقَالَ الأَصْمَعِيّ: يريدُ فِي رَبْعٍ من أَهلِي، أَي فِي مَسْكَنِهم. وَقَالَ أَبُو مالكٍ: الرَّبْع: مِثلُ السَّكَن، وهما أهلُ البيتِ، وَأنْشد: (فإنْ يكُ رَبْعٌ مِن رِجالي أصابَهُم ... مِن اللهِ والحَتْمِ المُطِلِّ شُعوبُ)
وَقَالَ شَمِرٌ: الرَّبْع: يكونُ المَنزِلَ، ويكونُ أهلَ المَنزلِ. قَالَ ابنُ بَرّيّ: والرَّبْعُ أَيْضا: العددُ الْكثير. الرَّبْع: المَوضِعُ يَرْتَبِعونَ فِيهِ فِي الــرّبيع خاصّةً، كالمَرْبَع كَمَقْعَدٍ، وَهُوَ مَنْزِلُ القومِ فِي الــربيعِ خاصّةً. تَقول: هَذِه مَرابِعُنا ومَصايِفُنا، أَي حيثُ نَرْتَبِعُ ونَصِيفُ، كَمَا فِي الصّحاح.
الرَّبْع: الرجلُ المُتَوَسِّطُ القامةِ بَين الطُّولِ والقِصَر، كالمَرْبوعِ والرَّبْعَة، بالفَتْح ويُحرّك، والمِرْباعِ كمِحرابٍ، مَا رَأَيْتُه فِي أُمَّهاتِ اللُّغَة إلاّ صَاحب المُحيط، ذَكَرَ حبلٌ مِرْباعٌ بمَعنى مَرْبُوع فَأَخذه المُصَنِّف وعَمَّ بِهِ، والمُرْتَبَعُ مَبْنِيَّاً للفاعلِ وللمَفعولِ، وَبِهِمَا رُوِيَ قولُ العَجّاج:) رَباعِياً مُرْتَبعاً أَو شَوْقَبا وَقد ارْتَبَعَ الرجلُ، إِذا صارَ مَرْبُوعَ الخِلْقَة، وَفِي الحَدِيث: كَانَ النبيُّ صلّى الله عَلَيْهِ وسلَّم أطولَ من المَرْبوعِ، وأَقصرَ من المُشَذَّب وَفِي حديثِ أمِّ مَعْبَدٍ رَضِيَ الله عَنْهَا: كَانَ النبيُّ صلّى الله عَلَيْهِ وسلَّم رَبْعَةً، لَا يَأْسَ من طُولٍ، وَلَا تَقْتَحِمُه عَينٌ مِن قِصَرٍ أَي لم يكُن فِي حدِّ الرَّبْعةِ غيرَ مُتجاوِزٍ لَهُ، فجعلَ ذَلِك القَدرَ من تَجاوُز حدِّ الرَّبْعةِ عَدَمَ يَأْسٍ من بعضِ الطُّول، وَفِي تنكيرِ الطُّولِ دليلٌ على معنى البَعْضِيَّة، وَهِي رَبْعَةٌ أَيْضا بالفَتْح والتحريك، كالمُذَكَّر وجَمْعُهما جَميعاً رَبْعَاتٌ بسكونِ الْبَاء، حَكَاهُ ثعلبٌ عَن ابْن الأَعْرابِيّ، رَبَعَات، مُحرّكةً، وَهُوَ شاذٌّ، لأنّ فَعْلَةً إِذا كَانَت صفة لَا تُحرَّكُ عَيْنُها فِي الجَمع وإنّما تُحرّكُ إِذا كَانَت اسْما، وَلم تكنِ العَين، أَي مَوْضِعُ العَينِ واواً أَو يَاء، كَمَا فِي العُباب والصحاح. وَفِي اللِّسان: وإنّما حرَّكوا رَبَعَاتٍ، وإنْ كَانَ صفة لأنّ أَصْلَ رَبْعَة اسمٌ مُؤَنَّثٌ وَقَعَ على المُذَكَّر والمُؤَنَّث، فوُصِفَ بِهِ.
وَقَالَ الفَرّاء: إنّما حُرِّكَ رَبَعَاتٌ لأنّه جاءَ نَعْتَاً للمُذكَّرِ والمؤنَّث، فكأنّه اسمٌ نُعِتَ بِهِ. وَقَالَ الأَزْهَرِيّ: خُولِفَ بِهِ طريقُ ضَخْمَةٍ وضَخْمَاتٍ لاستِواءِ نَعْتِ الرجلِ والمرأةِ فِي قولِه: رجلٌ رَبْعَةٌ وامرأةٌ رَبْعَةٌ، فصارَ كالاسم، والأصلُ فِي بَاب فَعْلَة من الْأَسْمَاء مثل: تَمْرَةٍ وجَفْنَةٍ أَن يُجمَع على فَعَلاتٍ، مثلَ تَمَرَاتٍ وجَفَنَات، وَمَا كَانَ من النُّعوتِ على فَعْلَةٍ، مثلُ شاةٍ لَجْبَةٍ، وامرأةٍ عَبْلَةٍ، أَن يُجمَع على فَعْلاتٍ بسُكونِ العَين، وإنّما جُمِعَ رَبْعَةٌ على رَبَعَات وَهُوَ نعتٌ لأنّه أَشْبَهُ الأسماءَ لاستِواءِ لَفْظِ المُذكَّرِ والمؤنَّثِ فِي واحدِه. قَالَ: وَقَالَ الفَرّاء: من العربِ من يَقُول: امرأةٌ رَبْعَةٌ، ونِسوةٌ رَبْعَاتٌ، وَكَذَلِكَ رجلٌ رَبْعَةٌ ورِجالٌ رَبْعُون، فيجعلُه كسائرِ النُّعوت. قَالَ ابْن السِّكِّيت: رَبَعَ الرجلُ يَرْبَعُ، كَمَنَعَ: وَقَفَ وانتظرَ وتحبَّسَ، وليسَ فِي نَصِّ ابْن السِّكِّيت: انتظَرَ، على مَا نَقَلَه الجَوْهَرِيّ والصَّاغانِيّ وصاحبُ اللِّسان وَمِنْه قولُهم: ارْبَعْ عَلَيْك، أَو ارْبَعْ على نَفْسِك، أَو ارْبَعْ على ظَلْعِك، أَي ارْفُقْ بنَفسِك، وكُفَّ، كَمَا فِي الصِّحَاح، وَقيل: مَعْنَاهُ انتَظِرْ. قَالَ الأَحْوَص:
(مَا ضَرَّ جِيرانَنا إِذا انْتَجَعوا ... لَو أنَّهم قَبْلَ بَيْنِهم ربَعُوا)
وَفِي المُفرَداتِ: وقَولُهم: ارْبَعْ على ظَلْعِكَ، يجوز أَن يكونَ من الإقامَةِ، أَي أَقِمْ على ظَلْعِكَ، وأَن يكون من رَبَعَ الحَجَرَ، أَي تناولْهُ على ظَلْعِك انْتهى. وَفِي حَدِيث سُبَيْعَةَ الأَسلَمِيَّة ارْبِعي بنفسِك، ويُروَى: على نفسِكِ. ولهُ تأْويلانِ:أَحدُهما بِمَعْنى تَوَقَّفي وانتَظِري تَمامَ عِدَّةِ الوَفاةِ)
على مَذْهب مَن يَقُول: عِدَّتُها أَبْعَدُ الأَجَلَيْنِ، وَهُوَ مذهبُ عليٍّ وابنِ عَبّاسٍ رَضِي الله عَنْهُم.
وَالثَّانِي أَن يكونَ من رَبَعَ الرَّجُلُ، إِذا أَخْصَبَ، وَالْمعْنَى: نَفِّسي عَن نَفسِكِ وأَخْرِجيها عَن بُؤْسِ العِدَّة وسوءِ الحالِ، وَهَذَا على مَذْهَبِ مَنْ يَرى أَنَّ عِدَّتَها أَدْنى الأَجلين، وَلِهَذَا قَالَ عُمَرُ: إِذا وَلَدَتْ وزَوْجُها على سَريرِه، يَعْنِي لم يُدْفَنْ، جازَ أَن تتَزَوَّج. وَفِي حديثٍ آخَرَ: فإنَّه لَا يَرْبَعُ على ظَلْعِكَ مَنْ لَا يَحْزُنُه أَمرُكَ، أَي لَا يَحْتَبِسُ عَلَيْك ويَصبر إلاّ مَنْ يُهِمُّهُ أَمْرُكَ. وَفِي المَثَلِ: حَدِّثْ حَديثَيْنِ امْرأَةً، فإنْ أَبَتْ فارْبَعْ، أَي كُفَّ، ويُروَى بقَطْعِ الهَمزةِ، ويُروَى أَيضاً فأَربعَة، أَي زِدْ، لأَنَّها أَضعَفُ فَهْماً، فَإِن لمْ تفهَمْ فاجعلْها أَربعة، وأَرادَ بالحَديثينِ حَديثاً واحِداً تُكَرِّرُه مرَّتين، فكأَنَّكَ حدَّثْتَها بحديثينِ. قَالَ أَبو سعيدٍ: فإنْ لمْ تفهم بعدَ الأَربعَةِ فالمِرْبَعَة، يَعْنِي العَصا. يُضرَبُ فِي سوءِ السَّمْعِ والإجابَةِ. رَبَعَ يَرْبَعُ رَبْعاً: رفَعَ الحَجَرَ باليَد وشالَهُ: وَقيل: حملَه امْتِحاناً لِلقوَّةِ، قَالَ الأَزْهَرِيّ: يُقال ذَلِك فِي الحَجَرِ خاصَّةً، وَمِنْه الحديثُ أَنَّه مَرَّ بقومٍ يَرْبَعونَ حَجَراً فَقَالَ: مَا هَذَا فَقَالُوا: هَذَا حَجَرُ الأَشِدَّاءِ. فَقَالَ: أَلا أُخْبِرُكُمْ بأَشَدِّكُمْ مَنْ ملَكَ نفسَه عندَ الغَضَب. وَفِي رِوَايَة: ثمَّ قَالَ: عُمَّالُ الله أَقوَى من هؤلاءِ. رَبَعَ الحَبْلَ، وكذلكَ الوَتَرَ: فتلَه من أَربَع قُوىً، أَي طاقاتٍ، يُقال: حَبْلٌ مَرْبوعٌ ومِرْباعٌ، الأَخيرَةُ عَن ابنِ عَبّادٍ. ووَتَرٌ مَربوعٌ، وَمِنْه قولُ لَبيد:
(رابِطُ الجأْشِ على فَرْجِهِمُ ... أَعْطِفُ الجَوْنَ بمَرْبُوعٍ مِتَلّْ) قيل: أَي بعِنانٍ شَديدٍ من أَربَعِ قُوىً، وَقيل: أَرادَ رُمْحاً، وسيأْتي. وأَنشدَ أَبو اللَّيْث عَن أَبي ليلى:
(أَتْرَعَها تَبَوُّعاً ومَتَّا ... بالمَسَدِ المَرْبوعِ حتَّى ارْفَتّا)
التَّبَوُّع: مَدُّ الباعِ. وارْفَتَّ: انْقَطَع. رَبَعَتِ الإبِلُ تُرْبَعُ رَبْعاً: وَرَدَت الرِّبْعَ، بالكَسرِ، بأَنْ حُبِسَتْ عَن الماءِ ثلاثةَ أَيّامٍ،، أَو أَربَعةً، أَو ثلاثَ ليالٍ، ووَرَدَتْ فِي اليَوْمِ الرَّابِعِ. والرِّبْعُ: ظِمءٌ مِنْ أَظْماءِ الإِبِلِ، وَقد اختُلِفَ فِيهِ، فَقيل: هُوَ أَن تُحبَسَ عَن الماءِ أَرْبعاً، ثُمَّ تَرِدَ الخامِسَ، وَقيل: هُوَ أَن تَرِدَ الماءَ يَوْمًا وتَدَعَهُ يَوْمَيْنِ، ثمَّ تردَ اليومَ الرَّابع، وَقيل: هُوَ لثلاثِ ليالٍ وأَربَعَةِ أَيّامٍ. وقدْ أَشارَ إِلَى ذلكَ المُصنِّفُ فِي سِياقِ عِبارَتِهِ معَ تأَمُّلٍ فِيهِ. وَهِي إبِلٌ رَوابِعُ، وكذلكَ إِلَى العِشْرِ.
واسْتَعارَه العَجّاج لوِرْدِ القَطا، فَقَالَ:
(وبَلْدَةٍ يُمْسي قَطاها نُسَّسَا ... رَوابِعاً وقدْرَ رِبْعِ خُمَّسا)
) رَبَعَ فلانٌ يَرْبَعُ رَبْعاً: أَخْصَبَ، من الــرَّبيعِــ، وَبِه فَسَّرَ بعضٌ حديثَ سُبيعَةَ الأَسلَمِيَّةِ، كَمَا تقدَّمَ قَرِيبا. وَعَلِيهِ الحُمَّى: جاءتْهُ رِبْعاً، بالكَسْرِ، وَقد رُبِعَ، كعُنِيَ، وأُرْبِعَ، بالضَّمِّ، فَهُوَ مَرْبوعٌ ومُرْبَعٌ، وَهِي أَي الرِّبْعُ من الحُمَى أَن تأْخُذَ يَوْمًا وتَدَعَ يَومَيْنِ ثمَّ تجيءَ فِي اليَومِ الرَّابِعِ. قَالَ ابنُ هَرْمَةَ:
(لَثِقاً تُجَفْجِفُهُ الصِّبَا وكأَنَّهُ ... شاكٍ تَنكَّرَ وِرْدُهُ مَربوعُ)
وأَرْبَعَتْ عَلَيْهِ الحُمَّى: لغةٌ فِي رَبَعَت، كَمَا أَنَّ أُرْبِعَ لُغَةٌ فِي رُبِعَ. قَالَ أُسامةُ الهُذَلِيّ: (إِذا بلَغوا مِصْرَهُمْ عُوجِلوا ... مِنَ المَوتِ بالهِمْيَغِ الذَّاعِطِ)

(مِنَ المُرْبَعِينَ ومِنْ آزِلٍ ... إِذا جَنَّهُ اللَّيْلُ كالنَّاحِطِ)
وَيُقَال: أَرْبَعتُ عَلَيْهِ: أَخَذْتُه رِبْعاً. وأَغَبَّتْه: أخذتُه غِبَّاً. ورجلٌ مُرْبِعٌ ومُغِبٌّ، بكسرِ الْبَاء. قَالَ الأَزْهَرِيّ: فَقيل لَهُ: لمَ قلتَ: أَرْبَعتِ الحُمَّى زَيْدَاً، ثمّ قلتَ: منَ المُرْبِعين، فَجَعَلتَه مَرَّةً مَفْعُولاً ومرَّةً فاعِلاً فَقَالَ: يُقَال: أَرْبَعَ الرجلُ أَيْضا. قَالَ الأَزْهَرِيّ: كلامُ العربِ أَرْبَعَتْ عَلَيْهِ الحُمّى، والرجلُ مُرْبَعٌ، بفَتحِ الْبَاء. وَقَالَ ابْن الأَعْرابِيّ: أَرْبَعَتْه الحُمّى، وَلَا يُقَال: رَبَعَتْه. رَبَعَ الحِمْلَ يَرْبَعُه رَبْعَاً، إِذا أَدْخَلَ المِرْبَعَةَ تَحْتَه، وأخذَ بطَرَفِها، وَأخذ آخَرُ بطرفها الآخر ثمَّ رَفَعَاهُ على الدّابَّةِ. قَالَ الجَوْهَرِيّ: فإنْ لم تكن مِرْبَعَةً أَخَذَ أحدُهما بيدِ صاحبِه، أَي تَحت الحِملِ حَتَّى يَرْفَعاه على الْبَعِير، وَهِي المُرابَعَة. وأنشدَ ابْن الأَعْرابِيّ:
(يَا لَيْتَ أمَّ العَمْرِ كَانَت صَاحِبي ... مكانَ مَن أَنْشَا على الركائبِ)

(ورابَعَتْني تَحْتَ لَيْلٍ ضارِبِ ... بساعِدٍ فَعْمٍ وكَفٍّ خاضِبِ)
أَنْشَا: أصلُه أَنْشَأَ، فلَيَّنَ الهمزةَ للضرورةِ. وَقَالَ أَبُو عمر الزاهدُ فِي اليَواقِيت: أَنْشَأ: أَي أَقْبَل. رَبَعَ القَومَ يَرْبَعُهم رَبْعَاً: أَخَذَ رُبْعَ أموالِهم، مِثلَ عَشَرَهُم عَشْرَاً. رَبَعَ الثلاثةَ: جَعَلَهُم بنَفسِه أَرْبَعةً و: صارَ رابِعَهُم يَرْبُعُ ويَرْبِعُ ويَرْبَع، بالتَّثْليث فيهمَا، أَي فِي كلٍّ من رَبَعَ القومَ، وَرَبَعَ الثلاثةَ. رَبَعَ الجيشَ، إِذا أَخَذَ مِنْهُم رُبْعَ الغَنيمةِ، ومُضارِعُه يَرْبُع، من حدِّ ضَرَبَ فَقَط، كَمَا هُوَ مُقتَضى سِياقِه، وَفِيه مُخالفةٌ لنَقلِ الصَّاغانِيّ. فإنّه قَالَ: رَبَعْتُ القومَ أَرْبُعُهم وأَرْبِعُهم وأَرْبَعُهم، إِذا صِرتَ رابِعَهم أَو أَخَذْتَ رُبْعَ الغَنيمة، قَالَ ذَلِك يونُسُ فِي كتاب اللُّغَات واقتصرَ الجَوْهَرِيّ على الْفَتْح، ثمّ إنّ مصدرَ رَبَعَ الجيشَ رَبْعٌ ورَباعَةٌ. صرَّحَ بِهِ فِي اللِّسان. وَفِي الحَدِيث: أَلَمْ أَجْعَلكَ تَرْبَعُ وتَدْسَعُ أَي تأخذُ المِرْبَاع، وَقد مرَّ الحديثُ فِي دسص وَقيل فِي)
التَّفْسِير: أَي تأخذُ رُبْعَ الغَنيمة وَالْمعْنَى: ألم أَجْعَلْكَ رَئِيسا مُطاعاً كَانَ يُفعَلُ ذَلِك، أَي أَخْذُ رُبْع مَا غَنِمَ الجيشُ فِي الجاهِليَّة، فرَدَّه الإسلامُ خُمُساً، فَقَالَ تَعَالَى جلَّ شَأْنُه: واعْلَموا أنّ مَا غَنِمْتُم من شيءٍ فأنَّ للهِ خُمُسَه وللرَّسول. رَبَعَ عليهِ رَبْعَاً: عَطَفَ، وَقيل: رَفَقَ. رَبَعَ عَنهُ رَبْعَاً: كَفَّ وأَقْصَرَ. رَبَعَت الإبلُ تَرْبَعُ رَبْعَاً: سَرَحَتْ فِي المرعى، وأكلتْ كَيفَ شاءَتْ وشَرِبَتْ، وَكَذَلِكَ رَبَعَ الرجلُ بِالْمَكَانِ، إِذا نزلَ حيثُ شاءَ فِي خِصبٍ ومَرعىً. رَبَعَ الرجلُ فِي المَاء: تحَكَّمَ كيفَ شَاءَ. رَبَعَ القومَ: تمَّمَهُم بنَفسِه أَرْبَعةً، أَو أَرْبَعينَ، أَو أَرْبَعةً وأَرْبَعين، فعلى الأوّل: كَانُوا ثَلَاثَة فكمَّلَهم أَرْبَعةً، وعَلى الثَّانِي: كَانُوا تِسعةً وثلاثينَ فكمَّلَهم أَرْبَعين، وعَلى الثَّالِث: كَانُوا ثَلَاثَة وَأَرْبَعين فكمَّلَهم أَرْبَعةً وأَرْبَعين. رَبَعَ بِالْمَكَانِ: اطمأَنَّ وأقامَ. قَالَ الأَصْبَهانيّ فِي المُفردات وأصلُ رَبَعَ: أقامَ فِي الــرَّبيعــ، ثمّ تُجُوِّزَ بِهِ فِي كلِّ إقامةٍ، وكلِّ وَقْتٍ، حَتَّى سُمِّي كلُّ مَنْزِلٍ رَبْعَاً، وإنْ كَانَ ذَلِك فِي الأصلِ مُختَصّاً بالــرَّبيع. ورُبِعوا، بالضَّمّ: مُطِروا بالــرَّبيعــ، أَي أصابَهُم مَطَرُ الــرّبيعــ، وَمِنْه قولُ أبي وَجْزَةَ:
(حَتَّى إِذا مَا إيالاتٌ جَرَتْ بُرُحاً ... وَقد رَبَعْنَ الشَّوى مِن ماطِرٍ ماجِ) أَي أَمْطَرْن، ومِن ماطِرٍ: أَي عَرَقٍ مَأْج، أَي مِلْح. يَقُول: أَمْطَرْنَ قَوائِمَهُنَّ مِن عَرَقِهِنَّ.
والمِرْبَع والمِرْبَعَة، بكَسرِهما، الأُولى عَن ابنِ عَبّادٍ وصاحبِ المُفردات: العَصا الَّتِي تُحمَلُ بهَا الْأَحْمَال. وَفِي الصِّحَاح: عُصَيَّةٌ يَأْخُذُ رَجُلانِ بطَرَفَيْها ليَحمِلا الحِملَ ويَضعاه على ظَهْرِ الدّابَّةِ.
وَفِي المُفردات: المِرْبَع: خَشَبٌ يُرْبَعُ بِهِ، أَي يُؤخَذُ الشيءُ بِهِ. قَالَ الجَوْهَرِيّ: وَمِنْه قولُ الراجز:
(أَيْن الشِّظاظانِ وأينَ المِرْبَعَهْ ... وأينَ وَسْقُ الناقةِ الجَلَنْفَعَهْ)
مَرْبَعٌ، كَمَقْعَدٍ: ع، قيل هُوَ جبلٌ قُربَ مكَّةَ. قَالَ الأَبَحُّ بنُ مُرَّة أَخُو أبي خِراشٍ:
(عليكَ بَني مُعاوِيَةَ بنِ صَخْرٍ ... فَأَنْتَ بمَرْبَعٍ وهمُ بضِيمِ)
والرِّوايةُ الصَّحِيحَة: فَأَنْتَ بعَرْعَرٍ. مِرْبَع، كمِنْبَرٍ بنُ قَيْظِيّ بنِ عمروٍ الأنصاريّ الحارثيّ، وَإِلَيْهِ نُسِبَ المالُ الَّذِي بالمدينةِ فِي بَني حارِثَة، لَهُ ذِكرٌ فِي الحَدِيث، وَهُوَ والِدُ عَبْد الله، شَهِدَ أُحُداً، وقُتِلَ يومَ الجِسْر، وعبدِ الرَّحْمَن شَهِدَ أُحُداً وَمَا بَعْدَها، وقُتِلَ مَعَ أخيهِ يومَ الجِسْرِ، وزَيدٍ نَقَلَه الحافظُ فِي التبصير. وَقَالَ يَزيدُ بنُ شَيْبَان: أَتَانَا ابنُ مِرْبَعٍ ونحنُ بعَرَفَةَ. يَعْنِي هَذَا، ومُرَارَة، ذَكَرَه ابنُ فَهْدٍ والذَّهَبيّ الصَّحابِيِّين، وَكَانَ أبوهم مِرْبَعٌ أَعْمَى مُنافِقاً، رَضِيَ الله عَن) بَنيه. مِرْبَع: لقَبُ وَعْوَعَةَ بنِ سعيد بنِ قُرْطِ بنِ كَعْبِ بنِ عَبْدِ بن أبي بَكْرِ بنِ كِلاب روايةِ جَريرٍ الشَّاعِر، وَفِيه يقولُ جَريرٌ:
(زَعَمَ الفَرَزْدَقُ أنْ سيَقتُلُ مِرْبَعاً ... أَبْشِرْ بطُولِ سَلامَةٍ يَا مِرْبَعُ)
وأرضٌ مَرْبَعةٌ، كَمَجْمَعَةٍ: ذاتُ يَرابيعَ نَقَلَه الجَوْهَرِيّ. وَذُو المَرْبَعِيّ: قَيْلٌ من الأَقْيال.
والمِرْباع، بالكَسْر، المكانُ يَنْبُتُ نَبْتُه فِي أوّلِ الــرَّبيع. قَالَ ذُو الرُّمَّة:
(بأَوَّلِ مَا هاجَتْ لكَ الشَّوْقَ دِمْنَةٌ ... بأَجْرَع مِرْباعٍ مَرَبٍّ مُحَلَّلِ)
وَيُقَال: رُبِعَت الأرضُ فَهِيَ مَرْبُوعةٌ، إِذا أصابَها مَطَرُ الــرّبيع. ومُرْبِعَةٌ ومِرْباعٌ: كثيرةُ الــرَّبيع.
المِرْباع: رُبُعُ الغَنيمةِ الَّذِي كَانَ يأخذُه الرئيسُ فِي الجاهليّة، مأخوذٌ من قولِهم: رَبَعْتُ الْقَوْم، أَي كَانَ القومُ يَغْزُونَ بَعْضَهم فِي الجاهليّة، فَيَغْنَمون، فيأخذُ الرئيسُ رُبُعَ الغَنيمةِ دون أصحابِه خالِصاً، وَذَلِكَ الرُّبُعُ يُسمّى المِرْباع. ونقلَ الجَوْهَرِيّ عَن قُطرُب: المِرْباع: الرُّبُع، والمِعْشار: العُشْر، قَالَ: وَلم يُسمَعْ فِي غيرِهما. قَالَ عَبْد الله بنُ غَنَمَةَ الضَّبِّيِّ:
(لكَ المِرْباعُ مِنْهَا والصَّفايا ... وحُكمُكَ والنَّشيطةُ والفُضولُ)
وَفِي الحَدِيث قَالَ لعَدِيّ بنِ حاتمٍ قبلَ إسلامِه: إنّك لتأكلُ المِرْباعَ وَهُوَ لَا يحِلُّ لكَ فِي دِينِك. المِرْباع: الناقةُ المُعتادةُ بِأَن تُنتَجَ فِي الــرّبيع. ونَصُّ الجَوْهَرِيّ ناقةٌ مُرْبِعٌ: تُنتَجُ فِي الــرّبيعــ، فَإِن كَانَ ذَلِك عَادَتهَا فَهِيَ مِرْباعٌ، أَو هِيَ الَّتِي تَلِدُ فِي أوّلِ النِّتاج، وَهُوَ قولُ الأَصْمَعِيّ.
وَبِه فُسِّرَ حديثُ هشامِ بنِ عبدِ المَلِكِ فِي وَصْفِ نَاقَة: إنّها لهِلْواعٌ مِرْباعٌ، مِقْراعٌ مِسْياعٌ، حَلْبَانةٌ رَكْبَانةٌ، وَقيل المِرْباع: هِيَ الَّتِي ولَدُها مَعهَا، وَهُوَ رِبْعٌ، وَقيل: هِيَ الَّتِي تُبَكِّرُ فِي الحَمل.
والأربَعَةُ فِي عددِ المُذَكَّر، والأرْبَعُ فِي عددِ المُؤنَّث، وَالْأَرْبَعُونَ فِي العددِ بعد الثَّلَاثِينَ. قَالَ اللهُ تَعَالَى: أَرْبَعينَ سَنَةً يتِيهونَ فِي الأَرْض وَقَالَ: أَرْبَعينَ لَيْلَة. والأَرْبِعاءُ من الأيّام: رابِعُ الأيّامِ من الأحَد، كَذَا فِي المُفرَدات، وَفِي اللِّسان: من الأُسبوع، لأنّ أوّل الأيّام عندَهم يَوْمُ الأحَد، بدَليل هَذِه التَّسْمِيَة، ثمّ الِاثْنَان، ثمَّ الثُّلَاثَاء، ثمّ الأَرْبِعاء، ولكنّهم اخْتَصُّوه بِهَذَا الْبناء، كَمَا اختصُّوا الدَّبَران والسِّماك لِما ذهَبوا إِلَيْهِ من الفَرْق مُثَلَّثَةَ الباءِ مَمْدُودةً. أمّا فَتْحُ الباءِ فقد حُكِيَ عَن بعضِ بَني أسَدٍ، كَمَا نَقَلَه الجَوْهَرِيّ، وَهَكَذَا ضَبَطَه أَبُو الحسنُ مُحَمَّد بنُ الْحُسَيْن الزُّبَيْديّ فِيمَا استدركَه على سِيبَوَيْهٍ فِي الأبنِيَة، وَقَالَ: هُوَ أَفْعَلاء، بفتحِ العَين. وَقَالَ الأَصْمَعِيّ: يَوْمُ الأَرْبُعاء، بالضَّمّ، لغةٌ فِي الفتحِ والكَسر. وَقَالَ الأَزْهَرِيّ: وَمن قَالَ: أَرْبِعاء حَمَلَه على أَسْعِداء،)
وهما أَرْبِعاءان، ج: أَرْبِعاءاتٌ، قَالَ الجَوْهَرِيّ: وَحكى عَن بعضِ بني أسَدٍ فتح الباءِ فِي الأربَعاءِ والتَّثْنية أَرْبَعاوان. حُمِلَ على قياسِ قَصْبَاءِ وَمَا أَشْبَهها. وَقَالَ الفَرّاءُ عَن أبي جَخادِب: تَثْنِيةُ الأربَعاءِ أَرْبَعاءان، والجَمعُ أَرْبَعاءات، ذهبَ إِلَى تذكيرِ الِاسْم. وَقَالَ اللِّحْيانيُّ: كَانَ أَبُو زِيَاد يَقُول: مضى الأَرْبَعاءُ بِمَا فِيهِ، فيُفرِدُه ويُذَكِّرُه. وَكَانَ أَبُو الجَرّاح يَقُول: مَضَتِ الأربعاءُ بِمَا فيهِنَّ، فيُؤَنِّثُ ويَجمَع، يُخرِجُه مُخرَجَ الْعدَد. وَقَالَ القُتَيْبِيّ: لم يَأْتِ أَفْعِلاء إلاّ فِي الجَمع، نَحْو أَصْدِقاء وأَنْصِباء، إلاّ حرفٌ واحدٌ لَا يُعرَفُ غيرُه، وَهُوَ الأَرْبِعاء. وَقَالَ أَبُو زَيْدٍ: وَقد جاءَ أَرْمِداء، كَمَا فِي العُباب. قَالَ شَيْخُنا: وأَفصحُ هَذِه اللُّغَاتِ الكَسرُ، قَالَ: وَحكى ابنُ هشامٍ كَسْرَ الهمزةِ مَعَ الباءِ أَيْضا، وكَسْرَ الهمزةِ وفَتحَ الْبَاء، فَفِي كلامِ المُصَنِّف قُصورٌ ظَاهر. انْتهى. قَالَ اللِّحْيانيُّ: قَعَدَ فلانٌ الأُرْبُعاءُ والأُرْبُعاوَى، بضمِّ الهمزةِ والباءِ مِنْهُمَا، أَي مُتَرَبِّعاً. وَقَالَ غيرُه: جَلَسَ الأُرْبَعا، بضمِّ الهمزةِ وفَتحِ الباءِ والقَصْر، وَهِي ضَرْبٌ من الجِلَسِ، يَعْنِي جَمْعَ جِلسَة.
وَحكى كُراع: جَلَسَ الأُرْبَعاوى، أَي مُتَرَبِّعاً، قَالَ: وَلَا نَظيرَ لَهُ. قَالَ القُتَيْبيّ: لم يَأْتِ على أُفْعُلاءِ إلاّ حرفٌ واحدٌ، قَالُوا: الأُرْبُعاء. وَهُوَ أَيْضا: عمودٌ من: عُمُدِ البِناء. قَالَ أَبُو زَيْدٍ: يُقَال: بَيْتٌ أُرْبُعاواء، على أُفْعُلاء، بالضَّمّ والمَدّ، أَي على عَمُودَيْنِ وثلاثةٍ وأربَعَةٍ وواحدةٍ، قَالَ: والبُيوتُ على طريقتَيْن وثلاثٍ وأرْبَعٍ، وطريقةٍ وَاحِدَة، فَمَا كَانَ على طريقةٍ واحدةٍ فَهُوَ خِباءٌ، وَمَا زادَ على طريقةٍ واحدةٍ فَهُوَ بَيْتٌ، والطريقةُ: العَمودُ الْوَاحِد، وكلُّ عمودٍ طريقةٌ، وَمَا كَانَ بَين عمودَيْن فَهُوَ مَتْنٌ، وَحكى ثَعْلَب: بنى بَيْتَه على الأَرْبُعاءِ وعَلى الأَرْبُعاوى وَلم يَأْتِ على هَذَا المثالِ غيرُه: إِذا بَناه على أَرْبَعةِ أَعْمِدةٍ. والــربيعُ: جُزءٌ من أجزاءِ السَّنَة، وَهُوَ عِنْد العربِ رَبيعــان: رَبيع ُ الشُّهور، ورَبيعُ الأَزمِنَة. فــرَبيعُ الشُّهُور: شَهْرَانِ بَعْدَ صَفَر سُمِّيا بذلك لأنّهما حُدَّا فِي هَذَا الزَّمن، فلَزِمَهُما فِي غيرِه، وَلَا يُقَال فيهمَا إلاّ شَهْرُ رَبيعٍ الأوّل، وشهرُ رَبيعٍ الآخِر. وَقَالَ الأَزْهَرِيّ: العربُ تَذْكُرُ الشهورَ كلّها مُجرَّدةً، إلاّ شَهْرَيْ رَبيعٍــ، وشهرَ رَمَضَان.
وأمّا ربيعُ الأزمنةِ فــرَبيعــان: الــرَّبيعُ الأوّل وَهُوَ الفَصلُ الَّذِي يَأْتِي فِيهِ النَّوْرُ والكَمْأَة، وَهُوَ رَبيعُ الكَلإِ. والــرَّبيعُ الثَّانِي، وَهُوَ الفصلُ الَّذِي تُدرِكُ فِيهِ الثِّمارُ، أَو هُوَ أَي، وَمن العربِ من يُسمّي الفَصلَ الَّذِي تُدرِكُ فِيهِ الثِّمار، وَهُوَ الخريف الــرَّبيع الأوّل، ويُسمّى الفَصلَ الَّذِي يَتْلُو الشتاءَ وَيَأْتِي فِيهِ الكَمْأَةُ والنَّوْرُ الــرَّبيعَ الثَّانِي، وكلُّهم مُجمِعونَ على أنّ الخريفَ هُوَ الــرَّبيع. وَقَالَ أَبُو حنيفةَ: يُسمّى قِسْما الشتاءِ رَبيعَــيْن: الأوّلُ مِنْهُمَا: رَبيعُ الماءِ والأمطار، وَالثَّانِي: ربيعُ النَّباتِ)
لأنّ فِيهِ يَنْتَهي النباتُ مُنتَهاه. قَالَ: والشتاءُ كلُّه رَبيعٌ عِنْد العربِ لأجلِ النَّدى. وَقَالَ أَبُو ذُؤَيْبٍ الهُذَلِيّ يصفُ ظَبْيَةً:
(بِهِ أَبْلَتْ شَهْرَيْ رَبيعٍ كِلَيْهِما ... فَقَدْ مارَ فِيهَا نَسْؤُها واقْتِرارُها)
بِهِ أَي بِهَذَا الْمَكَان. أَبْلَتْ: جَزَأَتْ. أَو السنةُ عِنْد العربِ سِتّةُ أَزْمِنةٍ: شَهْرَانِ مِنْهَا الــرَّبيعُ الأوّل، وشَهْرَانِ صَيْفٌ، وشَهْرَانِ قَيْظٌ، وشَهْرَانِ الــرَّبيعُ الثَّانِي، وشَهْرَانِ خريفٌ، وشَهْرَان شِتاءٌ، هَكَذَا نَقَلَه الجَوْهَرِيّ عَن أبي الغَوْث. وأنشدَ لسَعدِ بنِ مالكِ بنِ ضُبَيْعةَ:
(إنّ بَنِيَّ صِبْيَةٌ صَيْفِيُّونْ ... أَفْلَحَ مَن كَانَ لَهُ رِبْعِيُّونْ)رَبيعٌ: صَحابِيُّون، رَضِي الله عَنْهُم. رِبْعِيُّ بنُ حِراشٍ: تابعِيٌّ يُقَال: أَدركَ الجاهليَّةَ، وأَكْثَرَ الصَّحابة، تقدَّم ذِكرُه فِي حر) ش. وَكَذَا ذِكْرُ أَخَوَيهِ مَسعود والــرَّبيع. روَى مَسعودٌ عَن أَبي حُذَيْفَةَ، وأَخوه الَّذِي تكلَّمَ بعدَ المَوْتِ، فَكَانَ الأَولَى ذِكرَه عِنْد أَخيهِ، والتَّنويهَ بشأْنِهِ لأَجل هَذِه النُّكْتَةِ، وَهُوَ أَوْلَى من ذِكْرِ مِرْبَع بأَنَّه كانَ أَعمى مُنافِقاً. فتأَمَّلْ. ورِبْعِيَّةُ القَومِ: مِيرَتُهم أَوَّل الشتاءِ، وَقيل: الرِّبْعِيَّة: مِيرَةُ الــرَّبيعــ، وَهِي أَوَّل المِيَرِ، ثمَّ الصَّيفِيَّةُ، ثمَّ الدّفَئِيَّة، ثمَّ الرَّمَضِيَّةُ. وجَمْعُ الــرَّبيعِ: أَرْبِعاءُ، وأَرْبِعَةٌ، مثلُ نَصيبٍ، وأَنصِباءَ، وأَنصِبَةٍ، نَقله الجَوْهَرِيّ. يُجمَعُ أَيضاً على رِباعٍ، عَن أَبي حَنيفَةَ، أَو جَمْعُ رَبيعِ الكَلأِ أَرْبِعَةٌ، وجَمْعُ ربيعِ الجَداوِلِ، جَمْعَ جَدْوَلٍ، وَهُوَ النَّهر الصَّغير، كَمَا سيأْتي للمصنِّف أَربِعاءُ، وَهَذَا قولُ ابْن السِّكِّيت، كَمَا نقلَه الجَوْهَرِيّ، وَمِنْه الحَدِيث أَنَّهم كَانُوا يُكرُونَ الأَرْضَ بِمَا يَنْبُتُ على الأَرْبِعاءِ، فنُهِيَ عَن ذَلِك. أَي كَانُوا يُكرُونَ الأَرضَ بشيءٍ مَعلومٍ، ويَشترطون بعدَ ذلكَ على مُكتَريها مَا يَنْبُتُ على الأَنهار والسَّواقي. أَمّا إكْراؤُها بدراهِمَ أَو طَعامٍ مَسمَّىً، فَلَا بأْسَ بذلكَ. وَفِي حديثٍ آخر: أَنَّ أَحدَهم كَانَ يشترِطُ ثلاثةَ جَداوِلَ، والقُصارَةَ، وَمَا سَقى الــرَّبيعــ، فنُهوا عَن ذَلِك. وَفِي حَدِيث سهل بنِ سَعدٍ: كَانَت لنا عَجوزٌ تأْخُذُ من أُصولِ سِلْقٍ كنَّا نَغرِسُه على أَرْبِعائِنا. ويَوْمُ الــرَّبيعِ: من أَيّام الأَوسِ والخَزْرَج، نُسِبَ إِلَى مَوضِع بالمدينةِ من نَوَاحِيهَا. قَالَ قيس بن الخَطيمِ:
(ونَحْنُ الفَوارِسُ يومَ الرَّبي ... عِ قد عَلِموا كيفَ فُرْسانُها) وأَبو الــرَّبيعِ: كُنيَةُ الهُدْهُدِ، لأَنَّه يَظْهَرُ بظُهورِهِ، وكُنيَةُ جَماعَةٍ من التَّابِعين والمُحَدِّثين، بل وَفِي الصَّحابَةِ رَجُلٌ اسْمه أَبو الــرَّبيعِــ، وَهُوَ الَّذِي اشْتَكَى فعادَه النَّبيُّ صلّى الله عَلَيْهِ وسلَّم، وأَعطاه خَميصَةً. أَخرَج حديثَه النِّسائيّ. وَمن التَّابعين: أَبو الــرَّبيع المَدَنيّ، حديثُه فِي الكُوفِيّينَ، روَى عَن أَبي هُريْرَةَ، وَعنهُ علقَمَةُ بنُ مَرْثَدٍ. وَمن المُحَدِّثينَ: أَبو الــرَّبيعِ المَهْرِيُّ الرَّشْدينِيّ، هُوَ سليمانُ بنُ داوودَ بنِ حَمَّادِ بنِ عَبْد الله بنِ وَهْبٍ، روَى عَنهُ أَبو داوودَ. وأَبو الــرَّبيع الزَّهرانِيّ، اسمُه سليمانُ بنُ داوودَ، عَن حَمَّادِ بنِ زَيْدٍ، وَعنهُ البُخارِيُّ ومسلِمٌ. وأَبو الــرَّبيعِ السَّمّان، اسمُه أَشْعَثُ بنُ سعيد، روَى عَن عاصِمِ بنِ عُبَيدٍ، وَعنهُ وَكِيعٌ. ضَعَّفُوه. والــرَّبيعُــ، كأَميرٍ: سَبعةٌ صَحابِيُّون، وهم: الــرَّبيعُ بنُ عَدِيِّ بنِ مالِكٍ الأَنصارِيّ، شَهِدَ أُحُداً، قَالَه ابنُ سَعْدٍ، والــرَّبيع بنُ قارِبٍ العَبْسِيّ، لَهُ وِفادَةٌ، ذكرَه الغسَّانِيّ، والــرَّبيع بنُ مُطَرِّفٍ التَّميميّ الشَّاعِر، شَهِدَ فتحَ دِمشقَ، والــرَّبيع بنُ النُّعمان بنِ يَساف، قَالَه العديّ، والــرَّبيع بن النُّعمان أَنصارِيٌّ أُحُدِيٌّ، ذكرَه الأَشيريّ. والــرَّبيع بن سهل بن الْحَارِث الأَوْسِيّ الظَّفَرِيّ، شهدَ أُحُداً. والــرَّبيع بن ضَبُعٍ)
الفَزارِيّ، قَالَه ابنُ الجَوْزِيّ، عاشَ ثلاثمائةٍ وستِّينَ سنة، مِنْهَا سِتُّونَ فِي الْإِسْلَام، فهؤلاءِ السَّبْعَةُ الذينَ أَشارَ إِلَيْهِم. وأَمّا الــرَّبيع بن مَحْمُود الماردِينيّ فإنَّه كَذَّابٌ، ظهَرَ فِي حُدودِ سنة تِسْعٍ وتِسعين وَخَمْسمِائة، وادَّعَى الصُّحْبَةَ، فلْيُحْذَرْ مِنْهُ.المَطَرُ يكونُ بعدَ الوَسْمِيِّ، وَبعده الصَّيْف، ثمَّ الحَميمُ. وَقَالَ أَبو حنيفَة: والمَطَرُ عندَهم رَبيعٌ مَتى جاءَ، والجَمْعُ أَرْبِعَةٌ، ورِباعٌ. وَقَالَ الأَزْهَرِيّ: وسَمِعْتُ العَرَب يَقُولُونَ لأَوَّل مَطَرٍ يَقع بالأَرضِ أَيّام الخريف: رَبيعٌــ، وَيَقُولُونَ إِذا وقَعَ رَبيعٌ بالأَرضِ بَعَثْنا الرُّوَّادَ، وانْتَجَعْنا مَساقِطَ الغَيْثِ. قَالَ ابْن دُرَيد: الــرَّبيعُ: الحَظُّ من الماءِ للأرضِ مَا كانَ، وَقيل: هُوَ الحَظُّ مِنْهُ رُبْعَ يَومٍ أَو ليلَةٍ، وَلَيْسَ بالقَوِيِّ. يُقالُ: لفلانٍ مِنْ، وَفِي بعضِ النُّسَخ: فِي هَذَا المَاء رَبيعٌــ، أَي حَظٌّ. الــرَّبيعُ: الجَدْوَلُ، وَهُوَ النَّهر الصَّغير، وَهُوَ السَّعيدُ أَيضاً. وَفِي الحَدِيث: فعَدَلَ إِلَى الــرَّبيعِ فتَطَهَّرَ. وَفِي حديثٍ آخرَ: بِمَا يَنْبُتُ على رَبيعِ السَّاقِي، هَذَا من إِضَافَة الموصوفِ إِلَى الصِّفَةِ، أَي النَّهر الَّذِي)
يسْقِي الزَّرْعَ، وأَنشدَ الأَصمعيُّ قَول الشَّاعِر:
(فُوهُ رَبيعٌ وكَفُّهُ قَدَحٌ ... وبَطْنُهُ حينَ يَتَّكِي شَرَبَهْ)

(يَسَّاقَطُ النّاسُ حَولَهُ مَرَضاً ... وَهُوَ صَحيحٌ مَا إنْ بهِ قَلَبَهْ)
أَرادَ بقولِه: فُوهُ ربيعٌــ، أَي نَهْرٌ، لكَثرةِ شُرْبِه، والجَمْعُ أَربِعاءُ. الــرَّبيعَــةُ، بهاءٍ: حَجَرٌ تُمْتَحَنُ بإشالَتِهِ، ويُجَرِّبونَ بِهِ القُوَى، وَقيل: الــرَّبيعــة: الحَجَر المَرفوع، وَقيل: الَّذِي يُشالُ. قَالَ الأَزْهَرِيّ: يُقال ذَلِك فِي الحَجَر خاصَّةً. الــرَّبيعَــةُ: بَيْضَةُ الحَديدِ، وأَنشدَ الليثُ: رَبيعَــتُه تَلوحُ لَدَى الهِياجِ قَالَ ابْن الأَعرابيّ: الــرَّبيعــة: الرَّوْضَة.رَبيعَــةُ: ثلاثونَ صحابِيَّاً رَضِي الله عَنْهُم، وهُم: رَبِيعــة بن أَكثم، وَــرَبِيعَــة بن الحارثِ الأوسي وَــرَبِيعَــة بن الحارثِ الأَسْلَمِيّ، وَــرَبِيعَــة بن الْحَارِث بن عبد المُطَّلب، وَــرَبِيعَــة بن حُبَيْشٍ، وَــرَبِيعَــة خَادِم رَسُول الله صلّى الله عَلَيْهِ وسلَّم، وَــرَبِيعَــة بن خِراش، وربيعــةُ بن أَبي خَرَشَةَ، ورَبيعَــةُ بن خُويلد، وربعةُ بنُ رُفَيْعِ بن أَهبانِ، ورَبيعــةُ بن رُواء العَنَسِيّ، وَــرَبِيعَــة بنُ رُفَيْعٍ يأْتي ذِكره فِي رفع وَــرَبِيعَــة بن رَوْحٍ، وربيعــةُ بن زُرْعَةَ،)
وَــرَبِيعَــة بن زيادٍ، وربيعــةُ بن سَعدٍ، وَــرَبِيعَــة بن السَّكَن ورَبيعــة بن يَسارٍ، وَــرَبِيعَــة بن شرحبيلَ، وَــرَبِيعَــة بن عامِرٍ، وربيعــةُ بن عِبادٍ وربيعــةُ بن عَبْد الله، وربيعــةُ بن عُثمانَ، وربيعــةُ بن عَمروٍ الثَّقفيُّ، وربيعــةُ بنُ عَمْروٍ الجُهَنِيُّ، وربيعــةُ بنُ عَيْدانَ، وربيعــةُ بن الفِراسِ، وربيعَــةُ بنُ الفَضْلِ، وربيعــةُ بنُ قَيْسٍ، وربيعــةُ بن كَعْبٍ. والرَّبائع: أَعلامٌ مُتَقاوِدَةٌ قُربَ سَميراءَ، وسَميراءُ: من مَنازل حاجِّ الْكُوفَة. قَالَ الشَّاعر:
(جَبَلٌ يَزيدُ على الجِبالِ إِذا بَدا ... بينَ الرَّبائعِ والجُثومِ مُقيمُ)
والرُّبْع، بالضَّمِّ، ويُثَقَّلُ، فيقالُ: الرُّبُعُ بضمَّتين، مثالُ عُسْرٍ وعُسُرٍ، نَقله الجَوْهَرِيّ هَكَذَا. يُقال أَيضاً: الــرَّبيعــ، كأَميرٍ، كالعَشيرِ والعُشْرُ: جُزءٌ من أَربَعَةٍ، يَطَّرِدُ ذَلِك فِي هَذِه الكَسورِ عندَ بعضِهم. قَالَ الله تَعَالَى: وَلَهُنَّ الرُّبُعُ مِمّا تَرَكْتُمْ. وجَمْعُ الــرَّبيعِ رُبُعٌ، بضمَّتين، وجَمْعُ الرُّبْعِ، بلُغَتَيْهِ: أَرْباعٌ ورُبوعٌ. الرُّبَعُ، كصُرَدٍ: الفَصيل يُنْتَجُ فِي الــرَّبيعــ، وَهُوَ أولُ النَّتاجِ، ورَبَعَ، أَي وَسَّعَ خَطْوَهُ وعَدا. قَالَ الأَعشى يصف ناقتَه:
(تَلوِي بعِذْقِ خِصابٍ كُلَّما خَطَرَتْ ... عَن فَرْجِ مَعقُومَةٍ لمْ تَتَّبِعْ رُبَعا)
ج: رِباعٌ، وأَرباعٌ، كرُطَبٍ ورِطابٍ وأَرطاب، وَهِي بهاءٍ، ج: رُبَعاتٌ ورِباعٌ، قَالَ الرَّاجِز:
(وعُلْبَةٍ نازَعْتُها رِباعِي ... وعُلْبَة عندَ مَقيلِ الرَّاعي)
وَفِي الحَدِيث: مُرِي بَنيكِ أَنْ يُحْسِنوا غِذاءَ رِباعِهم وإحسانُ الغِذاءِ أَلاّ يُسْتَقْصَى حَلَبُ أُمَّهاتِها، إبْقَاء عَلَيْهَا. وَقَالَ الشَّاعِر:
(سَوفَ تَكفي من حُبِّهِنَّ فَتاةٌ ... تَرْبُقُ البَهْمَ أَو تَخُلُّ الرِّباعا)
أَي تَخُلُّ اَلْسِنَةَ الفِصالِ، تَشُقَّها وتَجعلُ فِيهَا عُوداً، لئلاّ تَرْضَعَ. وَمعنى تَرْبُق، أَي تَشُدُّ البَهْمَ عَن أُمَّهاتِها لئلاّ تَرْضَعَ، ولئلاّ تَفَرَّقَ، فكأَنَّ هَذِه الفتاةَ تَخدُمُ البَهْمَ والفِصالَ. والرِّباعُ فِي جَمعِ رُبَعٍ شاذٌّ، وكذلكَ أَرْباعٌ، لأَنَّ سِيبَوَيْهٍ قَالَ: إنَّ حُكْمَ فُعَلٍ أَنْ يُكَسَّرَ على فِعْلانٍ فِي غَالب الأَمْرِ. فَإِذا نُتِجَ فِي آخر النِّتاجِ فهُبَعٌ، وَهِي هُبَعَةٌ، وَمِنْه قولُهم: مَا لَهُ هُبَعٌ وَلَا رُبَعٌ، وسيأْتي فِي موضعِه، وإنَّما تعرَّضَ لَهُ هُنَا اسْتِطْراداً على خِلاف عادَتِهِ. ورِبْعٌ، بالكَسْر: رَجُلٌ من هُذَيْلٍ، ثمَّ من بني حارثٍ، وَهُوَ والِدُ عبدِ مَنافٍ، ويُقال: عَبد مَناةَ، أَحَدِ شُعراءِ هُذَيْلٍ. قَالَ ساعِدَةُ:
(مَاذَا يُفيدُ ابْنَتِي رِبْعٍ عَويلُهُما ... لَا تَرْقُدانِ وَلَا بُؤْسَى لِمَنْ رَقَدا)
والرِّباعَةُ، بِالْفَتْح، وتُكسَرُ: شَأْنُكَ. وَقيل: حالُكَ الَّتِي أَنْتَ رابِعٌ، أَي مُقيمٌ علَيْها، والمُرادُ بِهِ أَمرُه)
الأَوَّلُ. قَالَ يَعْقُوب: وَلَا تكونُ فِي غير حُسْنِ الحالِ، أَو على رَباعَتِكَ، أَي طريقَتِكَ، أَو اسْتِقامَتِكَ. وَفِي كِتَابه للمهاجِرينَ والأَنصار: إنَّهم أُمَّةٌ واحِدَةٌ على رَباعَتِهِم، أَي على اسْتِقامَتهم، يريدُ أَنَّهم على أَمرهِم الَّذِي كَانُوا عَلَيْهِ. رَباعَتُكَ: قبيلَتُكَ أَو فَخِذُكَ، أَو يُقَال: هُمْ على رَباعَتِهم، بِالْفَتْح، ويُكْسَرُ، ورَباعِهِم، ورَبَعاتِهم، محرَّكَةً، ورَبِعاتِهم، ككَتِفٍ، ورَبِعَتِهِمْ، كعِنَبَةٍ، أَي حالةٍ حَسَنةٍ من اسْتِقامَتِهمْ. أَو أَمْرُهُم الَّذِي كَانُوا عَلَيْهِ أَوّلاً، ورَبَعاتِهِمْ، مُحَرَّكَة، وتُكسَر الْبَاء أَي منازِلُهُم، عَن ثَعْلَبٍ. وَقَالَ الفرَّاءُ: النّاسُ على سكَناتِهم ونَزَلاتِهم، ورَباعَتِهم، ورَبَعاتِهم، يَعْنِي على اسْتِقامَتِهِم. ووَقَعَ فِي كتابِ رَسُول الله صلّى الله عَلَيْهِ وسلَّم لِيَهُودَ: على رِبْعَتِهِمْ بالكَسْر، هَكَذَا وُجِدَ فِي سيرة ابْن إسحاقَ، وعَلى ذلكَ فَسَّرَه ابنُ هشامٍ. والرِّباعة، بالكَسر: نَحوٌ من الحِمالَةِ. وَهُوَ على رِباعَةِ قومِه، أَي سيِّدُهم. ويقالُ: مَا فِي بني فُلانٍ مَنْ يَضْبطُ رِباعَتَهُ غيرُ فلانٍ، أَي أَمْرَهُ وشأْنَهُ الَّذِي عَلَيْهِ. وَقَالَ أَبو الْقَاسِم الأَصبهانِيّ: استُعيرَ الرِّباعةُ للرِّياسَةِ اعْتِبَارا بأَخْذِ المِرْباع، فَقيل: لَا يُقيمُ رِباعَةَ القَوْمِ غيرُ فلانٍ. وَقَالَ الأَخطل يَمدَح مَصْقَلَةَ بنَ رَبيعَــةَ:
(مَا فِي مَعَدٍّ فَتىً تُغْنِي رِباعَتُهُ ... إِذا يَهُمُّ بِأَمْرٍ صالِحٍ عَمِلا)
والرَّبْعَةُ، بِالْفَتْح: الجُونَةُ، جُونَة العَطَّارِ، وَفِي حَدِيث هِرَقْلَ: ثُمَّ دَعَا بشيءٍ كالرَّبْعَةِ العَظيمَةِ، الرَّبْعَةُ: إناءٌ مُرَبَّعٌ كالجُونَةِ. قَالَ الأَصبهانيّ: سُمِّيَتْ لكونِها فِي الأَصلِ ذاتَ أَرْبَعِ طاقاتٍ، أَو لكونِها ذاتَ أَرْبَعِ أَرْجُل، وَقَالَ خَلَفُ بنُ خليفَةَ:
(وَقد كانَ أَفضَلَ مَا فِي يديكَ ... مَحاجِمُ نُضِّدْنَ فِي رَبْعَه)
قَالَ الصَّاغانِيُّ: أَمَّا الرَّبْعَةُ بمَعنى صُندوق فِيهِ أَجزاء المُصْحَفِ الْكَرِيم، فإنَّ هَذِه مُوَلَّدَةٌ لَا تَعرِفُها العَرَب، بل هِيَ اصطِلاحُ أَهل بغدادََ، أَو كأَنَّها مأْخوذَةٌ من الأُولَى، وَإِلَيْهِ مالَ الزَّمخشريّ فِي الأَساس. الرَّبْعَةُ: حَيٌّ من الأَسَدِ، بِسُكُون السِّين، وهم بَنو الرَّبْعَةِ بنِ عَمروٍ مُزَيْقِياءَ، قَالَه شيخُ الشَّرَفِ النَّسَّابَةُ. مِنْهُم أَبو الجَوزاءِ أَوسُ بنُ عَبْد اللهِ الرَّبْعِيُّ التّابِعِيُّ، روَى عَن ابنِ عبّاس، وَعنهُ عَمرو بن مالكٍ اليَشْكُرِيّ، وَقد تقدَّم ذِكرُه فِي جوز، هَكَذَا ضبطَه ابنُ نُقطَةَ بتسْكين الباءِ، نقلا عَن خَطِّ مُؤتَمَنٍ السَّاجِيّ، وخالفَه ابْن السَّمعانِيّ، فضبطَه بالتَّحريكِ، وتَبِعَهُ ابْن الأَثيرِ. قلْتُ: وَهَكَذَا رأَيته بخَطِّ ابْن المُهندس مُحرَّكَةً، وَكَذَلِكَ هُوَ مَضبوطٌ فِي المُقدِّمَة الفاضِليَّة بخطِّ الإِمَام المُحَدِّث عبد القادِرِ التَّميمِيّ، رَحمَه الله تَعَالَى. الرَّبْعَةُ، بالتَّحريكِ: أَشَدُّ الجَرْيِ، أَو أَشَدُّ عَدْوِ الإبلِ، أَو ضَرْبٌ من عَدْوِهِ وليسَ بالشَّديد، وبالمعنى الثَّانِي فُسِّرَ قولُ) أَبي دُوَادٍ الرُّؤاسِيّ فِيمَا أَنشدَه الأَصمعيّ:
(واعْرَوْرَتِ العُلُطَ العُرْضِيَّ تَرْكُضُه ... أُمُّ الفوارِسِ بالدِّئدَاءِ والرَّبَعَهْ)
وَفِي اللِّسَان: وَهَذَا البيتُ يُضرَبُ مثَلاً فِي شِدَّة الأَمر، يَقُول: رَكِبَتْ هَذِه المَرأَةُ الَّتِي لَهَا بنونَ فوارِسُ بَعيراً من عُرْضِ الإبِلِ لَا مِنْ خِيارِها. وَفِي العُبابِ: قَالَ ابْن دُريد: يَقُول: إنَّ هَذِه قد أُغيرَ عَلَيْهَا فرَكِبَتْ من الدَّهَشِ بَعيراً عُلُطاً بِلَا خِطامٍ، فحمَلَتْهُ على الدِّئْداءِ والرَّبَعَةِ، وهما أَشَدُّ العَدْوِ، وبَنُوها فَوارِسُ لَمْ يَحموها، فَإِذا كَانَت أُمُّ الفَوارِسِ هَذِه حالُها، فغيرُها أَسْوأُ حَالا مِنْهَا.
الرَّبَعَةُ: حَيٌّ من الأَزْدِ. قَالَ ابنُ دُريد: الرَّبَعَة: المَسافَةُ بينَ أَثافِي القِدْرِ الَّتِي يَجتَمِعُ فِيهَا الجَمْرُ، قَالَ: وذَكَروا عَن الخَليل أَنَّه قَالَ: كَانَ مَعنا أَعرابِيٌ على خِوانٍ، فَقُلْنَا: مَا الرَّبْعَةُ: فأدْخَلَ يَدَهُ تحتَ الِخِوانِ فَقَالَ: بَين هذهِ القوائمِ رَبَعَةٌ. والرَّوْبَعُ، كجَوْهَرٍ: الضَّعيفُ الدنيءُ، قَالَه ابْن دُريدٍ، وأَنشدَ لرُؤْبَةَ: على إسْتِه رَوْبَعَةً أَو رَوْبَعا الرَّوْبَعَةُ، بهاءٍ: القصيرُ من الرِّجالِ، وتصَحَّفَ على الجَوْهَرِيّ فجعلَها زَوْبَعاً، بالزَّاي، وسيأْتي إِن شَاءَ الله تَعَالَى. فِي زبع، ثمَّ إنَّ ابنَ برِّي قَالَ: ذَكَرَه ابنُ دُرَيدٍ والجَوْهَرِيّ بالزَّاي، وصوابُه بالرَّاءِ، قَالَ: وَكَذَلِكَ فِي شِعرِ رُؤْبَةَ، وفُسِّرَ بأَنَّه القصيرُ الحَقيرُ، وَهَكَذَا أَنشدَه ابْن السِّكِّيت أَيضاً بالرَّاءِ، فتأَمّلْ. قيل: الرَّوْبَعَةُ فِي شِعرِ رُؤْبَةَ هُوَ قِصَرُ العُرقُوبِ، أَو أَصلُ الرَّوْبَعَةِ: داءٌ يأْخُذُ الفِصالَ كأَنَّها صُرِعَتْ، وَهَذَا الدَّاءُ بهَا، فلذلكَ نَصَبَ رَوْبَعَةً، يُقَال: أَخذَه رَوْبَعَةٌ ورَوْبَعٌ، أَي سُقوطٌ من مَرَضٍ وغيرِه. قَالَ جَريرٌ:
(كانتْ قُفيْرَةُ باللِّقاحِ مُرِبَّةً ... تَبكي إِذا أَخَذَ الفَصيلَ الرَّوْبَعُ)
واليَرْبُوعُ واحِدُ اليَرابيعِ، والياءُ زائدةٌ، لأَنَّه لَيْسَ فِي كلامِ العربِ فَعلولٌ سِوى مَا نَدَرَ، مثلَ صَعْفُوقٍ. قَالَه كُراع: دابَّةٌ، م، وَهِي فَأْرَةٌ لجُحْرِها أَربَعَةُ أَبوابٍ. وَقَالَ الأَزْهَرِيّ: دُوَيْبةٌ فوقَ الجُرَذِ، الذَّكَرُ والأُنثى فِيهِ سَواءٌ. منَ المَجاز: اليَرْبُوع: لَحْمَةُ المَتْنِ، على التَّشْبِيه بالفأْرَةِ، أَو هِيَ بالضَّمِّ، أَو يَرابيعُ المَتْنِ: لحَماتُه، لَا واحِدَ لَهَا، قَالَ الأَزْهَرِيّ: لمْ أَسمعْ لَهَا بواحِدٍ، يُقال: مَرَّ تَنْزُو حَرابِيُّ مَتْنِهِ ويَرابيعُهُ، وَهِي لحَماتُ المَتْنِ. ويَرْبوعُ بنُ حَنظَلَةَ بنِ مالِك بن عَمْرو بن تميمٍ: أَبو حَيٍّ من تَميمٍ، مِنهم: مُتَمِمُ بنُ نُوَيْرَةَ اليَربُوعِيُّ الصَّحابِيُّ وأَخوه مالكٌ، وَقد تقدَّم ذِكرُه فِي نور. يَرْبوعُ بنُ غَيْظ بنِ مُرَّةَ: أَبُو بَطْنٍ من مُرَّةَ بنِ عَوْفِ بنِ سَعْدِ بن ذُبْيانَ، مِنْهُم)
الحارثُ بنُ ظالمِ المُرِّيُّ اليَرْبوعِيُّ، نَقله الجَوْهَرِيّ. قَالَ ابْن الأَعْرابِيّ: الرَّبَّاع: كشَدّادٍ: الكثيرُ شِراءِ الرِّبَاع، وَهِي المَنازل. قد سَمَّوْا رُبَيْعــاً، كزُبَيْرٍ، ورَبْعَانَ، مثل سَحْبَان. وكتصغيرِ رَبيعٍــ، كأَميرٍ، الــرُّبَيِّعُ بنتُ مُعَوِّذ بنِ عَفْرَاء، بايعَتْ تحتَ الشَّجَرَة. الــرُّبَيِّعُ بنتُ حارِثةَ بنِ سِنانٍ الخُدْرِيَّة، من المُبايِعات، ذَكَرَها الواقِديُّ، الــرُّبَيِّعُ بنتُ الطُّفَيْلِ بنِ النعمانِ بن خنساءَ بنِ سِنانٍ، من المُبايِعات، الــرُّبَيِّعُ بنتُ النَّضْر، عمَّةُ أَنَس بنِ مالكٍ، أمُّ الــرُّبَيِّعِ وَهِي أمُّ حارثةَ بنِ سُراقَة، وَهِي الَّتِي قَالَ لَهَا النبيُّ صلّى الله عَلَيْهِ وسلَّم: يَا أمَّ الــرُّبَيِّعِ كتابُ اللهِ القِصَاص، حِين كَسَرَتْ ثَنِيَّةَ حارثةَ، فَطَلَبوا القِصاصَ، وَقد وقعَ لنا هَذَا الحديثُ عالِياً فِي ثُمانِيات النَّجيب، وَفِي عُشارِياتِ الحافظِ بنِ حَجَرِ: صَحابِيَّاتٌ، رَضِيَ الله عنهُنَّ. وعبدُ الْعَزِيز بنُ الــرُّبَيْع أَبُو العَوّام الباهليُّ، بَصْرِيٌّ، وابنُه رُبَيِّعُ بن عبد الْعَزِيز: مُحدِّثان، روى عبد العزيزِ عَن عَطاءِ بنِ أبي رَباحٍ، وَعنهُ النَّضْرُ بنُ شُمَيْلٍ، وغيرُه. وفاتَه: مُحَمَّد بنُ عليّ بن الــرُّبَيِّعِ السُّلَميُّ، روى عَنهُ سُفيانُ بن عُيَيْنة. وبِهاءٍ: رُبَيِّعَــةُ بنُ حِصن بنِ مُدْلِجِ بنِ حِصْنِ بن كَعْبِ، كَانَ اسمُه رَبيعــة، فصَغَّرَ اسمَه، وَقَالَ:
(ولكنِّي رُبَيِّعَــةُ بنُ حِصْنٍ ... فقد عَلِمَ الفَوارِسُ مَا مَثابي)
رُبَيِّعــةُ بنُ عبدِ بنِ أَسْعَدَ بنِ جَذِيمَةَ بنِ مالكِ بنِ نَصْرِ بن قُعَيْنٍ الأسَديّ: شاعِران وابنُه ذُؤاب بنُ رُبَيِّعــةَ بنِ عَبْدٍ، قاتِلُ عُتَيْبةَ بنِ الحارثِ بنِ شِهاب. وعَبْد الله بنُ رُبَيِّعــةَ بن فَرْقَدٍ السُّلَميّ الكُوفيّ، مُختَلَفٌ فِي صُحبَتِه، قَالَ شُعبةُ وَحْدَه: لَهُ صُحبةٌ، وَله حديثٌ فِي سُنَنِ النَّسائيّ، وروى أَيْضا عَن ابنِ مَسْعُودٍ وعُبَيْد اللهِ بنِ خالدٍ، وعُتْبَةَ بنِ فَرْقَدٍ، وَعنهُ عَطاءُ بن السَّائِب، ومالكُ بنُ الْحَارِث وعبدُ الرحمنِ بن أبي لَيْلَى، وعَمْرُو بنُ مَيْمُونٍ، وعليُّ ابنُ الأَقْمَر، وابنُ ابنِ أَخِيه مَنْصُورُ بنُ المُعتَمِرِ بنِ عَتّابِ بنِ رُبَيِّعــةَ، وغَيرُهم. وفاتَه: رُبَيِّعــةُ بن حَزْنٍ العُقَيْليّ، من أجدادِ رافِعِ بن مقلدٍ، وعَبْد الله بنُ حبيبِ بنِ رُبَيِّعــةَ السُّلَميّ أَبُو عبد الرَّحْمَن التابعيّ الْمَشْهُور، ضَبَطَه فِي تَهْذِيب الكمالِ هَكَذَا. قلتُ: وَهَذَا روى عَن عليٍّ، وَعنهُ عَلْقَمةُ بنُ مَرْثَدٍ. وكزُبَيْرٍ: رُبَيْعُ بن قُزَيْعٍ، بالزايِ كَمَا ضَبطه الْحَافِظ، الغَطَفانيّ: تابعيٌّ، عَن ابنِ عمر، وَقيل فِيهِ: كأميرٍ. رُبَيْع بنُ الحارثِ بنِ عَمْرِو بن كَعْبِ بن سَعْدِ بن زَيْدِ مَناة بن تَميمٍ: شاعرٌ جاهليٌّ. رُبَيْع بنُ عمروٍ التَّيْميُّ جدّ مِحجَنِ بنِ سَلامةَ بنِ دَجاجةَ بن عَبْدِ قَيْسِ بن امرئِ القَيس بنِ عَلْبَاءَ بن رُبَيْعــ، وَكَانَ دَجاجةُ أَيْضا شَاعِرًا، وَمن ذُرَيِّةِ رُبَيْعِ بن عمروٍ أَيْضا: النعمانُ بنُ مالكِ بن الْحَارِث، كَانَت)
مَعَه رايةُ الرِّباب يَوْمَ الكُلاب، ومُزاحِمُ بنِ عِلاجِ بن مَالك بن الْحَارِث، كَانَ شَريفاً بالكُوفة، وَقد تقدّم ذِكرُه فِي جسس والشيخُ القائلُ:
(أَلا أَبْلِغْ بَنِيَّ بَني رُبَيْعٍ ... فَأَشْرارُ البَنينَ لكُم فِداءُ)
الأبياتُ الخمسةُ المَشهورة. وَمن ذُرِّيَتِه حَنْظَلةُ بن عَرادَةَ الشَّاعِر فِي أيّامِ بَني أُمَيّة. وفاتَه: رُبَيْع بنُ عامرِ بن صُبْح بن عَدِيِّ بن قَيْسِ بن الحارثِ بن فِهْرٍ، من ولَدِه إبراهيمُ بنُ عليّ بن مُحَمَّد بن سَلَمَةَ بن عامرِ بن هَرَمَةَ بنِ هُذَيْل بن رُبَيْع الشاعرُ المَشهور، وَسَيَأْتِي ذكره فِي هرم.
ورُبَيْع بن أَصْرَمَ بن خارِجَةَ العَنْبَريّ: شاعرٌ ذَكَرَه الآمِديُّ. واختُلِفَ فِي رُبَيْع بنِ ضَبُعٍ الفَزاريِّ أحَدِ المُعَمِّرين، وَهُوَ الْقَائِل:
(إِذا جاءَ الشِّتاءُ فَأَدْفِئوني ... فإنَّ الشيخَ يُهرِمُه الشِّتاءُ)
فَقيل: هَكَذَا مُصَغَّراً، وَقيل: كأَميرٍ، وَقد تقدّم ذِكرُه فِي الصَّحابةِ فِيمَن اسمُه رَبيعٌــ، كأميرٍ.
ورُباع، بالضَّمّ، مَعْدُولٌ من أَرْبَعةٍ أَرْبَعةٍ. وقَوْله تَعالى: مَثْنَى وثُلاثَ ورُبَاع، أَي أَرْبَعاً أَرْبَعاً، فَعَدَله، فَلذَلِك تُرِكَ صَرْفُه أَي للعَدْلِ والتعريف. قَالَ ابنُ جِنّيّ: وقرأَ الأعمشُ: مَثْنَى وثُلاثَ ورُبَعَ كزُفَر، على إرادةِ رُبَاع، فَحَذَف الألِفَ. والرَّباعِيَةُ، كَثَمَانِيَة: السِّنُّ الَّتِي بَيْنَ الثَّنِيَّةِ والناب، وَهِي إِحْدَى الْأَسْنَان الأربعةِ الَّتِي تلِي الثَّنايا، تكونُ للإنسانِ وغَيرِه، ج رَبَاعِيَاتٌ. وَقَالَ الأَصْمَعِيّ: للإنسانِ من فَوْقٍ ثَنِيَّتَان، ورَباعِيَتانِ بَعْدَهما، ونابان، وضاحِكان، وستّةُ أرحاءٍ من كلّ جانبٍ، وناجِذان، وَكَذَلِكَ من أَسْفَل. قَالَ أَبُو زَيْدٍ: يُقال لكلِّ خُفٍّ وظِلْفٍ ثَنِيَّتانِ من أسفلَ فَقَط، وأمّا الحافِرُ والسِّباعُ كلهَا فلهَا أَرْبَعُ ثَنايا، وللحافرِ بعدَ الثَّنايا أَرْبَعُ رَباعِيَاتٍ، وأَرْبَعةُ قَوارِح، وأَرْبَعةُ أَنْيَابٍ، وثَمانِيةُ أَضْرَاس. وَيُقَال للَّذي يُلقيها أَي يُلقي رَباعِيَتَه: رَبَاعٍ، كَثَمَانٍ، فَإِذا نَصَبْتَ أَتْمَمْتَ، وقلتَ: رَكِبْتُ بِرْذَوْناً رَباعِياً وَفِي الحَدِيث: لم أَجِدْ إلاّ جَمَلاً خِيَاراً رَبَاعِياً.
قَالَ العَجّاج يصفُ حِماراً وَحْشِيّاً:
(كأنَّ تَحْتِي أَخْدَرِيّاً أَحْقَبا ... رَباعِياً مُرْتَبِعاً أَو شَوْقَبا)
وجمَلٌ وفرَسٌ رَبَاعٌ ورَبَاعٍ، الأخيرُ عَن كُراع، قَالَ: وَلَا نَظيرَ لَهَا سِوى ثَمانٌٍ ويَمانٌٍ وشَناحٌٍ.
والشَّناح: الطويلُ، كَذَلِك جوارٌٍ ج: رُبْعٌ: بالضَّمّ: عَن ثعلبٍ، وبضمَّتَيْن، كَقَذَالٍ وقُذُلٍ، ورِبَاعٌ ورِبْعانٌ: بكسرِهما: الأخيرُ كَغَزَالٍ وغِزْلان، ورُبَعٌ: كصُرَدٍ، عَن ابْن الأَعْرابِيّ وأَرْبَاعٌ ورَباعِيَاتٌ، والأُنثى رَباعِيَةٌ. كلُّ ذَلِك للَّذي يُلقي رَباعِيَته. وتقولُ للغنَمِ فِي السنَةِ الرابعةِ وللبقَر،)
وذاتِ الحافرِ فِي السنةِ الخامسةِ، ولذاتِ الخُفِّ فِي السنةِ السابعةِ: أَرْبَعَتْ تُرْبِعُ إرْباعاً، وَحكى الأَزْهَرِيّ عَن ابْن الأَعْرابِيّ قَالَ: الخَيلُ تُثْني وتُربِع وتُقرِح، والإبلُ تُثني وتُربِع وتُسدِس وتَبْزُل، والغنَمُ تُثني وتُربِع وتُسدِس وتَصْلَغ، قَالَ: وَيُقَال للفرَسِ إِذا استَتَمَّ سَنَتَيْن: جَذَعٌ، فَإِذا استتَمَّ الثالثةَ فَهُوَ ثَنِيٌّ، وَذَلِكَ عِنْد إلقائِهِ رَواضِعَه، فَإِذا استتَمَّ الرابعةَ فَهُوَ رَباع، قَالَ: وَإِذا سَقَطَتْ رَواضِعُه ونَبَتَ مكانَها سِنٌّ، فَنَبَاتُ تلكَ السِّنِّ هُوَ الإثْناء، ثمَّ تَسْقُطُ الَّتِي تَلِيهَا عِنْد إرْباعِه، فَهِيَ رَباعِيَتُه، فَيَنْبتُ مكانَه سِنٌّ فَهُوَ رَبَاعٌ، وجَمعُه رُبُعٌ، وأكثرُ الْكَلَام رُبُعٌ وأَرْبَاعٌ، فَإِذا حانَ قُروحُه سَقَطَ الَّذِي يَلي رَباعِيَتَه فَيَنْبتُ مكانَه قارِحُه، وَهُوَ نابُه، وَلَيْسَ بعدَ القُروحِ سُقوطُ سنٍّ، وَلَا نَباتُ سِنٍّ، قَالَ: وَقَالَ غيرُه: إِذا طَعَنَ البعيرُ فِي السنةِ الخامسةِ فَهُوَ جَذَعٌ، فَإِذا طَعَنَ فِي السادسةِ فَهُوَ ثَنِيٌّ، فَإِذا طَعَنَ فِي السابعةِ فَهُوَ رَباعٌ، وَالْأُنْثَى رَباعِيَةٌ، فَإِذا طَعَنَ فِي الثامنةِ فَهُوَ سَدَسٌ وسديسٌ، فَإِذا طَعَنَ فِي التاسعةِ فَهُوَ بازِلٌ. وَقَالَ ابْن الأَعْرابِيّ: تُجذِع العَناقُ لسنَة، وتُثْنى لتمامِ سَنَتَيْن، وَهِي رَباعِيَةٌ وصالِغٌ لتمامِ خَمْسِ سِنِين. وَقَالَ أَبُو فَقْعَسٍ الأسَديُّ: ولَدُ البقرةِ أوّلَ سَنَةٍ تَبيعٌ، ثمّ جَذَعٌ، ثمّ ثَنِيٌّ، ثمّ رَباعٌ، ثمّ سَدَسٌ، ثمّ صالِغٌ، وَهُوَ أقْصَى أسنانِه.
وأَرْبَعَ القومُ: صَارُوا فِي الــرَّبيع أَو دخلُوا فِيهِ، أَو أَرْبَعوا: صَارُوا أَرْبَعةً أَو أَرْبَعين. أَو أَرْبَعوا: أَقَامُوا فِي المَرْبَعِ عَن الارْتِيادِ والنُّجْعة، لعُمومِ الغَيث، فهم يُربِعون حيثُ كَانُوا، أَي يُقيمون للخِصبِ العامِّ، وَلَا يَحْتَاجُونَ إِلَى الانتِقالِ فِي طَلَبِ الكَلإ. والمُرْبِع، كمُحسِنٍ: الناقةُ الَّتِي تُنتَجُ فِي الــرّبيعــ، فإنْ كَانَ ذَلِك عادَتَها فَهِيَ مِرْباعٌ، نَقَلَه الجَوْهَرِيّ، وَقد تقدّم. أَو المُرْبِع: هِيَ الَّتِي ولَدُها مَعهَا وَهُوَ رُبَعٌ، وَكَذَلِكَ المِرْباع، عَن الأَصْمَعِيّ. قَالَ أَبُو عمروٍ: المُرْبِع: شِراعُ السفينةِ المَلأَى، والرُّومِيُّ: شِراعُ الفارِغَة، والمُتَلَمِّظَة: مَقْعَدُ الاسْتِيام، وَهُوَ رئيسُ الرُّكاب. والمَرابيع: الأمطارُ الَّتِي تجيءُ فِي أوّلِ الــرّبيعــ، قَالَ لَبيدٌ رَضِيَ الله عَنهُ يذكُرُ الدِّمَنَ:
(رُزِقَتْ مَرابيعَ النُّجوم وصابَها ... وَدْقُ الرَّواعِدِ جَوْدُها فرِهامُها)
وعنى بالنجومِ الأنْواء. قَالَ الأَزْهَرِيّ: قَالَ ابْن الأَعْرابِيّ: مَرابيعُ النُّجُوم: الَّتِي يكونُ بهَا المطَرُ فِي أوّلِ الأَنْواء. قَالَ الليثُ: أَرْبَعَتِ الناقةُ فَهِيَ مُرْبِعٌ، إِذا استَغْلَقَتْ رحِمُها فَلم تَقْبَلْ الماءَ، وَكَذَلِكَ ارتبَعَتْ. قَالَ غَيْرُه: أَرْبَعَ ماءُ هَذِه الرَّكِيَّة، أَي كَثُرَ. أَرْبَعَ الوِرْدُ: أَسْرَعَ الكَرَّ، كَمَا فِي العُباب، أَي أَرْبَعَتْ الإبلُ بالوِرْد: إِذا أَسْرَعتِ الكَرَّ إِلَيْهِ، فَوَرَدتْ بِلَا وَقْتٍ، وَحَكَاهُ أَبُو عُبَيْدٍ بالغَين المُعجَمة، وَهُوَ تَصحيفٌ، كَمَا فِي اللِّسان. وَقَالَ الأَصْمَعِيّ: أَرْبَعَ الإبلَ على المَاء: إِذا) أَرْسَلها وتَرَكَها تَرِدُ الماءَ مَتى شاءَت. وَقَالَ ابنُ عَبّادٍ: أَرْبَعَ فلانٌ: إِذا أَكْثَرَ من النِّكاح. وَفِي اللِّسان: أَرْبَعَ بالمرأةِ: إِذا كَرَّ إِلَى مُجامَعَتِها من غَيْرِ فَتْرَةٍ. قَالَ ابنُ عَبّادٍ: أَرْبَعَ عَلَيْهِ السائلُ، إِذا سَأَلَ ثمّ ذَهَبَ، ثمّ عَاد، نَقَلَه الصَّاغانِيّ هَكَذَا. أَرْبَعَ المريضَ: تَرَكَ عِيادَتَه يَوْمَيْن، وأتاهُ فِي اليومِ الثَّالِث، هَكَذَا فِي النّسخ، ومِثلُه فِي العُباب، وَهَكَذَا وُجِدَ بخطِّ الجَوْهَرِيّ. وَوَقَعَ فِي اللِّسان: فِي اليومِ الرَّابِع، وَهَكَذَا هُوَ فِي نسخ الصِّحَاح، وصَحَّحَ عَلَيْهِ، وَبِه فُسِّرَ الحَدِيث: أَغِبُّوا فِي عِيادَةِ الْمَرِيض، وأَرْبِعوا، إلاّ أَن يكونَ مَغْلُوباً وأصلُه من الرِّبْع: من أَوْرَادِ الإبلِ. والتَّــرْبيع: جَعْلُ الشيءِ مُرَبَّعاً، أَي ذَا أَرْبَعةِ أَجْزَاءٍ، أَو على شُكْل ذِي أَرْبَعٍ. ومُرَبَّعٌ، كمُعَظَّمٍ: لقَبُ أبي عَبْد الله مُحَمَّد بن إبراهيمَ الأَنْماطيِّ صاحبِ يحيى بن مَعينٍ، وَهُوَ حافظُ بغدادَ مَشْهُورٌ تقدّم ذِكرُه فِي الأَنْماطِيِّين. وَمُحَمّد بن عَبْد الله بن عَتّابٍ المُحدِّثُ يُعرَفُ بابنِ مُرَبَّعٍ أَيْضا، وَهَذَا نَقَلَه الصَّاغانِيّ فِي التكملة، وكُنيَتُه أَبُو بكر، ويُعرَفُ أَيْضا بالمُرَبَّعيّ، وَقد روى عَن يحيى بن مَعينٍ وعليّ بن عاصمٍ، مَاتَ سنةَ مائتَيْن وستّةٍ وثَمانين، كَذَا فِي التَّبصير. واسْتأْجَره أَو عامَلَه مُرابَعَةً عَن الكِسائيّ، ورِباعاً، بالكَسْر، عَن اللِّحْيانيّ، وكِلاهُما من الــرَّبيعــ، كمُشاهَرَة من الشَّهْر، ومُصايَفَة من الصَّيف، ومُشاتاة من الشتَاء، ومُخارَفَةً من الخريف، ومُسانَهَةً من السَّنَة، وَيُقَال: مُساناة أَيْضا، والمُعاوَمَة من الْعَام، والمُياوَمَة: من الْيَوْم، والمُلايَلَة: من اللَّيْل، والمُساعاة: من السَّاعَة، وكلُّ ذَلِك مُستعمَلٌ فِي كلامِ الْعَرَب. وارْتَبَعَ بمكانِ كَذَا: أقامَ بِهِ فِي الــرّبيعــ، والمَوضِعُ مُرْتَبَعٌ، كَمَا سَيَأْتِي للمُصنِّف قَرِيبا. ارْتَبَعَ الفرَسُ، والبَعيرُ: أَكَلَ الــرَّبيعَــ، كَتَرَبَّعَ فنَشِطَ وسَمِنَ، قَالَ طَرَفَةُ بنُ العَبدِ يصفُ ناقتَه:
(ترَبَّعَتِ القُفَّيْنِ فِي الشَّوْلِ تَرْتَعي ... حَدائقَ مَوْلِيِّ الأَسِرَّةِ أَغْيَدِ)
وَقيل: ترَبَّعوا، وارتَبَعوا: أَصَابُوا رَبيعــاً، وَقيل: أَصَابُوهُ فأقاموا فِيهِ، وَتَرَبَّعَتِ الإبلُ بمكانِ كَذَا: أقامَتْ بِهِ. قَالَ الأَزْهَرِيّ: وأنشدَ أَعْرَابيٌّ:
(ترَبَّعَتْ تَحْتَ السُّمِيِّ الغُيَّمِ ... فِي بَلَدِ عافِي الرِّياضِ مُبْهِمِ)
عافي الرِّياضِ، أَي رِياضُه عافِيَةٌ وافِيَةٌ لم تُرْعَ. مُبْهِم: كثير البُهْمى. وَيُقَال: ترَبَّعْنا الحَزْنَ والصَّمَّان، أَي رَعَيْنا بُقولَها فِي الشتَاء. وَتَرَبَّعَ فِي جُلوسِه: خِلافُ جَثا وأَقْعَى. يُقَال: جَلَسَ مُتَرَبِّعاً، وَهُوَ الأُرْبَعاوَى الَّذِي تقدّم. ترَبَّعَتِ الناقةُ سَناماً طَويلا، أَي حَمَلَتْه. قَالَ النابغةُ الجَعدِيُّ رَضِيَ الله عَنهُ:)
(وحائلٍ بازِلِ ترَبَّعَتِ الصَّيْ ... فَ عَلَيْهَا العِفاءُ كالأُطُمِ)
يريدُ رَعَتِ بالصيفِ حَتَّى رَفَعَتْ سَناماً كالأُطُم. والمُرْتَبَع، بالفَتْح، أَي بفتحِ الباءِ: المنزلُ يُنْزَلُ فِيهِ أيّامَ الــرَّبيعِ خاصّةً، كالمَرْبَع، ثمّ تُجُوِّزَ فِيهِ حَتَّى سُمِّيَ كلُّ منزلٍ مَرْبَعاً ومُرْتَبَعاً، وَمِنْه قَوْلُ الحَريريّ:
(دَعِ ادِّكارَ الأَرْبُعِ ... والمَعْهَدِ المُرْتَبَعِ)
قَالَ أَبُو زَيْدٍ: اسْتَرْبَعَ الرَّملُ: إِذا تراكَم. والغُبار: إِذا ارتفعَ، وَأنْشد: مُسْتَرْبِعٌ مِن عَجَاجِ الصيفِ مَنْخُولُ قَالَ ابْن السِّكِّيت: اسْتَربعَ البعيرُ للسَّيْرِ: إِذا قَوِيَ عَلَيْهِ. ورجلٌ مُسْتَربَعٌ بعَملِه، أَي مُستَقِلٌّ بِهِ، قَوِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ، صَبُورٌ. قَالَ أَبُو وَجْزَة:
(لاعٍ يكادُ خَفِيُّ الزَّجْرِ يُفْرِطُهُ ... مُسْتَرْبِعٍ بسُرى المَوْماةِ هَيَّاجِ)
اللاّعي: الَّذِي يُفزِعُه أدنى شَيْءٍ، ويُفرِطُه: يَمْلَؤه رَوْعَاً حَتَّى يذهبَ بِهِ. وَقَالَ ابْن الأَعْرابِيّ: اسْتَربعَ الشيءَ: أطاقَه، وَأنْشد:
(لَعَمْري لَقَدْ ناطَتْ هَوازِنُ أَمْرَها ... بمُسْتَرْبِعينَ الحربَ شُمِّ المَناخِرِ)
أَي بمُطيقينَ الحربَ. قَالَ الصَّاغانِيّ: وأمّا قولُ أبي صَخْرٍ الهُذَليّ يَمْدَحُ خالدَ بنَ عبدِ الْعَزِيز: (رَبيعٌ وبَدرٌ يُسْتَضاءُ بوَجهِه ... كَريمُ النَّثَا مُسْتَرْبِعٌ كلَّ حاسِدِ)
فَمَعْنَاه أنّه يَحْتَملُ حَسَدَه، ويَقْوَى عَلَيْهِ. وَقَالَ الأَزْهَرِيّ: هَذَا كلُّه من رَبْعِ الحجَرِ وإشالَتِه. قَالَ الصَّاغانِيّ: والتركيبُ يدُلُّ على جُزْءٍ من أَرْبَعةِ أَجْزَاءٍ، وعَلى الإقامةِ، وعَلى الإشالة، وَقد شَذَّت الرَّبْعَة: المَسافةُ بَيْنَ أثافِي القِدْر. ومِمّا يُسْتَدْرَك عَلَيْهِ: يُقَال: هُوَ رابِعُ أَرْبَعةٍ، أَي واحدٌ من أَرْبَعة. وجاءَت عَيْنَاهُ بأَرْبَعَةِ، أَي بدُموعٍ جَرَتْ من نواحي عَيْنَيْه الأَرْبَع، وَقَالَ الزَّمَخْشَرِيّ: أَي جاءَ باكياً أشَدَّ البُكاء. وَهُوَ مَجاز. وأَرْبَعَ الإبلَ: أَوْرَدَها رِبْعاً. وأَرْبَعَ الرجلُ: جاءَتْ إبلُه رَوابِعَ. ورُمْحٌ مَرْبُوعٌ: لَا طَويلَ وَلَا قَصير. والتَّــرْبيع فِي الزَّرْع: السَّقْيَةُ الَّتِي بَعْدَ التثْليث. وناقةٌ رَبُوعٌ، كصَبُورٍ: تَحْلُبُُ أَرْبَعةَ أَقْدَاحٍ، عَن ابْن الأَعْرابِيّ. ورجلٌ مُرَبَّعُ الحاجِبَيْن: كثيرُ شَعْرِهما، كأنّ لَهُ أَرْبَعَ حَواجِبَ. قَالَ الرَّاعِي:
(مُرَبَّعُ أَعْلَى حاجبِ العَينِ، أمُّهُ ... شَقيقَةُ عَبْدِ مِن قَطينٍ مُوَلَّدِ)
وَقَالَ الزَّمَخْشَرِيّ: فلانٌ مُرَبَّعُ الجَبهَةِ، أَي عَبْدٌ. وَهُوَ مَجاز. ورُبِعَ الرجلُ، كعُنِيَ: أُصيبَتْ) أَرْبَاعُ رَأْسِه، وَهِي نَواحيه. وارْتَبعَ الحجَرَ: شالَه، وَذَلِكَ المُتَناوَلُ مَرْبُوعٌ، كالــرَّبيعَــة. ومَرَّ بقومٍ يَرْبَعونَ حَجَرَاً، ويَرْتَبِعون، ويَتَرَبَّعون، الأخيرُ عَن الزَّمَخْشَرِيّ وأَكْثَرَ اللهُ رَبْعَكَ: أَهْلَ بَيْتِك.
وهم اليومَ رَبْعٌ، إِذا كَثُروا ونَمَوْا. وَهُوَ مَجاز. والرَّبْع: طَرَفُ الجلَل. والمَرْبوعُ من الشِّعْر: الَّذِي ذَهَبَ جُزءٌ من ثَمانيةِ أَجْزَاءٍ من المَديدِ والبَسيط. قَالَ الأَزْهَرِيّ: وسَمِعْتُ العربَ يَقُولُونَ: ترَبَّعَتِ النَّخيلُ: إِذا خُرِفَتْ وصُرِمَتْ. وَقَالَ ابنُ بَرّيّ: يُقَال: يومٌ قائظٌ وصائفٌ وشاتٍ، وَلَا يُقَال: يومٌ رابِعٌ، لأنّهم لم يَبْنُوا مِنْهُ فِعلاً على حَدِّ قاظَ يَوْمُنا، وشَتَا، فيقولوا: رَبَعَ يَوْمُنا، لأنّه لَا معنى فِيهِ لحَرٍّ وَلَا بَرْدٍ، كَمَا فِي قاظَ وشَتا. وَفِي حديثِ الدُّعاء: اللَّهُمَّ اجْعلْ القُرآنَ رَبيعَ قَلْبِي، جَعَلَه رَبيعــاً لَهُ لأنّ الإنسانَ يَرْتَاحُ قَلْبُه فِي الــرَّبيعِ من الأزمانِ ويَميلُ إِلَيْهِ، وربّما سُمِّيَ الكَلأُ والغَيثُ رَبيعــاً. والــرَّبيعُ: مَا تَعْتَلِفُه الدَّوابُّ من الخُضَرِ، والجَمعُ أَرْبِعَةٌ. والرِّبْعَة، بالكَسْر: اجتِماعُ الماشِيةِ فِي الــرَّبيع. يُقَال: بلَدٌ مَيِّتٌ أَنيثٌ، طَيِّبُ الرِّبْعة، مَرِئُ العُودِ. ورَبَعَ الــرَّبيعُ يَرْبَعُ رُبوعاً: دَخَلَ. وأَرْبَعَ القومُ: صَارُوا إِلَى الرِّيفِ وَالْمَاء. والمُتَرَبَّع: الموضِعُ الَّذِي يُنزَلُ فِيهِ أيّامَ الــرَّبيع. وغَيثٌ مُرْبِعٌ: يَأْتِي فِي الــرَّبيعــ، أَو يَحْمِلُ الناسَ على أَن يَرْبَعوا فِي دِيارِهم، وَلَا يَرْتَادون، وَهُوَ مَجاز. أَو أَرْبَعَ الغَيثُ: إِذا أَنْبَتَ الــرَّبيع. وقولُ الشَّاعِر:
(يَداكَ يَدٌ رَبيعُ الناسِ فِيهَا ... وَفِي الأُخرى الشُّهورُ من الحَرامِ)
أرادَ أنَّ خِصْبَ الناسِ فِي إِحْدَى يَدَيْه، لأنّه يُنعِشُ الناسَ بسَيْبِه، وَفِي يدهِ الأُخرى الأَمْنُ والحَيطَةُ ورَعيُ الذِّمام. والمُرْتَبِعُ من الدَّوابِّ: الَّذِي رَعى الــرَّبيعَــ، فسَمِنَ ونَشِطَ. وأرضٌ مُرْبِعةٌ: كثيرةُ الــرَّبيعِ. وأَرْبَعَ إبلَه بمكانِ كَذَا وَكَذَا: رعاها فِيهِ فِي الــرّبيع. والرِّبْعِيَّةُ: الغَزْوَة فِي الــربيعِ. قَالَ النابغةُ:
(وكانتْ لَهُم رِبْعِيَّةٌ يَحْذَرونَها ... إِذا خَضْخَضتْ ماءَ السماءِ القَنابِلُ)
يَعْنِي أنّه كَانَ لَهُم غَزْوَةٌ يَغْزُونَها فِي الــرَّبيع. وأَرْبَعَ الرجلُ، فَهُوَ مُرْبِع: وُلِدَ لَهُ فِي شَبابِه، على المثَلِ بالــرَّبيعــ، وولَدُه رِبْعِيُون. وَفِي المُفرَدات: ولمّا كَانَ الــرَّبيع أوّل وَقْت الوِلادةِ واَحْمَدَهُ استُعير لكلِّ ولَدٍ يُولَدُ فِي الشَّباب، فَقيل: أَفْلَحَ مَن كَانَ لَهُ رِبْعِيُّون وفَصيلٌ رِبْعِيٌّ: نُتِجَ فِي الــرَّبيعــ، نسبَ على غيرِ قياسٍ. ورِبْعِيَّة النِّتاج والقَيْظ: أوَّله، ورِبْعِيُّ كلِّ شيءٍ: أوّلُه، وَكَذَا رِبْعِيُّ الشبابِ والمَجد، وَهُوَ مَجاز، وأنشدَ ثعلبٌ:)
(جَزِعْتَ فَلم تَجْزَعْ من الشَّيْبِ مَجْزَعا ... وَقد فاتَ رِبْعِيُّ الشبابِ فوَدَّعا)
ورِبْعِيُّ الطِّعان: أحَدُّه، أنْشد ثعلبٌ أَيْضا:
(عليكُم برِبْعِيِّ الطِّعانِ فإنّه ... أشَقُّ على ذِي الرَّثْيَةِ المُتَصَعِّبِ) وسَقْبٌ رِبْعيٌّ، وسِقابٌ رِبْعِيَّةٌ: وُلِدَتْ فِي أوّل النِّتاج. والسِّبط الرَّبْعِيُّ: نَخْلَةٌ تدرِك آخرَ القَيظِ.
قَالَ أَبُو حنيفَة: سُمِّي رِبْعِيَّاً لأنّ آخِرَ القَيظِ وَقْت الوَسْمِيّ. وناقةٌ رِبْعيّة: مُتقَدِّمة النِّتاج، والعربُ تَقول: صَرَفَانةٌ رِبْعِيَّةٌ، تُصرَمُ بالصيفِ وتُؤكَلُ بالشَّتِيَّة. وارْتَبَعتْ الناقةُ: اسْتَغلَقَتْ رَحِمُها. والمَرابيع من الخَيل: المُجتَمِعةُ الخَلْق. والــرَّبيع: الساقِيَةُ الصغيرةُ تَجْرِي إِلَى النّخل. حِجازِيّةٌ، والجمعُ أَرْبِعاء، ورُبْعان. وتركناهم على رِبْعَتِهم، بالكَسْر، أَي حالِهم الأوّل، واستِقامَتِهم. وَهُوَ رابِعٌ عَلَيْهَا، أَي ثابتٌ مُقيمٌ. وَيُقَال: إنّ فلَانا قد ارْتَبَعَ أَمْرَ الْقَوْم، أَي يَنْتَظرُ أنْ يُؤَمَّرَ عَلَيْهِم. وحَربٌ رَباعِيَةٌ، كَثَمَانِيَةٍ: شديدةٌ فَتِيَّةٌ وَذَلِكَ لأنّ الإرْباعَ أوّلُ شِدَّةِ البعيرِ والفرَس، فَهِيَ كالفرَسِ الرَّباعيّ، والجمَلُ الرَّباعيّ، وَلَيْسَت كالبازِلِ الَّذِي هُوَ فِي إدبارٍ، وَلَا كالثَّنِيِّ فتكونُ ضَعِيفَة. والمُرْبَعُ من الإبلِ: الَّذِي يُورَدُ الماءَ كلَّ وَقْتٍ. وَفِي التَّهْذِيب فِي تَرْجَمة عذم قَالَ: والمرأةُ تَعْذِمُ الرجلَ إِذا أَرْبَعَ لَهَا بالْكلَام، أَي تَشْتُمُه إِذا سامَها المَكروه، وَهُوَ الإرباع.
والرَّبُوع، كصَبُورٍ، لغةٌ فِي الأَرْبِعاءِ مُوَلَّدَة، وحُكِيَ عَن ثعلبٍ فِي جَمْعِ الأَرْبِعاء: أرابيع. قَالَ ابنُ سِيدَه: ولستُ من هَذَا على ثِقة، وحُكِيَ أَيْضا عَنهُ عَن ابْن الأَعْرابِيّ: لَا تَكُ أَرْبَعاوِيَّاً أَي ممّن يصومُ الأَرْبِعاءَ وَحْدَه. والأَرْبَعاء: مَوْضِعٌ: ضَبَطَه أَبُو الحسَنُ الزُّبَيْديّ بفتحِ الْبَاء، وَأنْشد:
(أَلَمْ تَرَنَا بالأَرْبَعاءِ، وخَيْلُنا ... غَداةَ دَعانا قَعْنَبٌ واللَّياهِمُ) قَالَ: وَقد قيل فِيهِ أَيْضا: الأُرْبُعاء بضمِّ أوّلِه وَالثَّالِث، وسُكونِ الثَّانِي. قَالَ ياقوت: وَالْمَعْرُوف سُوقُ الأَرْبَعاء: بَلْدَةٌ من نواحي خُوزِسْتانَ على نهرٍ، ذاتُ جانبَيْن وَبهَا سُوقٌ، والجانبُ العِراقيّ أَعْمَرُ، وَفِيه الْجَامِع. وأَرْبَاعٌ: مَوْضِعٌ، عَن ياقوت. وَمَشَتِ الأرنبُ الأُرْبَعا، بضمِّ الهمزةِ وفتحِ الباءِ والقَصْر، وَهُوَ ضربٌ من المَشي. وارْتَبعَ البعيرُ يَرْتَبِعُ ارْتِباعاً: أَسْرَعَ، ومَرَّ يضربُ بقوائمِه، والاسمُ الرَّبَعَة. وَهِي أَرْبَعُهُنَّ لِقاحاً: أَي أَسْرَعَهُنَّ، عَن ثعلبٍ. ورَبَعَ الرجلُ بعَيشِه، إِذا رَضِيَ بِهِ، واقتصرَ عَلَيْهِ. والرُّبوع، بالضَّمّ: الأَحْياء. والرَّوْبَع، كَجَوْهَرٍ: الناقِصُ الخَلْق، وأصلُه فِي ولَدِ الناقةِ إِذا خرجَ ناقِصَ الخَلْق. وأرضٌ مُرْتَبِعَةٌ: ذاتُ يَرابيع، كَمَا فِي المُفردات.
وشجَرٌ مَرْبُوعٌ: أصابَه مطَرُ الــربيعِ فاخْضَلَّ. وسَمَّت العربُ رابِعةً ومِرْباعاً. وقولُ أبي ذُؤَيْبٍ:)
(صَخِبُ الشَّوارِبِ لَا يزالُ كأنّهُ ... عَبْدٌ لآلِ أبي رَبيعَــةَ مُسْبَعُ)
أرادَ آلَ رَبيعــةَ بن عَبْد الله بنِ عَمْرِو بنِ مَخْزُومٍ، لأنّهم كَثيرو الأموالِ وَالْعَبِيد، وأكثرُ مكَّةَ لَهُم، وَسَيَأْتِي فِي سبع. والتِّرْباع، بالكَسْر: مَوْضِعٌ، قَالَ:
(لِمَنْ الدِّيار عَفَوْنَ بالرَّضْمِ ... فَمَدَافِعِ التِّرْباعِ فالزُّخْمِ) والرَّوْبَعة: قِعدَةُ المُتَرَبِّع، تَقول: يَا أيُّها الزَّوْبَعةُ، مَا هَذِه الرَّوْبَعة ورَبَعَ الفرَسُ على قوائمِه: عَرِقَتْ، من رَبَعَ المطرُ الأرضَ. ورَبَعَه اللهُ: نَعَشَه. ورُبِعَتْ على عَقْلِ فلانٍ رِبَاعةٌ، كَسَرَ فِيهَا رِباعَه، أَي بَذَلَ فِيهَا كلَّ مَا مَلَكَ حَتَّى باعَ فِيهَا مَنازِلَه، وَهُوَ مَجاز. والرُّبْعَة، بالضَّمّ وفتحِ الْمُوَحدَة، ابنُ رَشْدَان بن جُهَيْنة: أَبُو بطنٍ يَنْتَمي إِلَيْهِ جماعةٌ من الصحابةِ وغيرِهم. وأحمدُ بنُ الحسينِ بن الرَّبْعَة بالفَتْح فالسُّكون أَبُو الْحَارِث، عَن أبي الْحُسَيْن بن الطُّيوريّ، وَعنهُ ابْن طَبَرْزد. وَأَبُو مَنْصُور نَصْر بن الْفَتْح الفامي المُرَبَّعي: مُحدِّث. وَأَبُو الــرّبيع: الْحُسَيْن بنُ ماهان الرّازيّ، عُرِفَ بالكِسائيّ، مُحدِّث. ومِرْبَعُ بنُ سُبَيْع، كمِنْبَرٍ، الَّذِي قَتَلَ غَضُوبَ، كَمَا سَيَأْتِي فِي ضبع.

صيف

1 صَافَ, (S, M, O, Msb, K,) aor. ـِ inf. n. صَيْفٌ, (TA,) He, or it, (a company of men, M, Msb,) remained, stayed, dwelt, or abode, (S, M, O, Msb, K,) during the [season called] صَيْف, (S, O,) or during his, or their, صَيْف, (O, Msb,) or during a صَيْف, (K,) بِهِ in it, (S, M, O, K,) i. e. in a place; (S, M, O;) as also ↓ اصطاف, (S, O, * K, * TA,) and ↓ تصيّف; (S, * O, * K, * TA;) and بِالمَكَانِ ↓ اِصَّيَّفَ is like ↓ صَيَّفَ [probably a mistranscription for تَصَيَّفَ, of which اِصَّيَّفَ is a var., and of which, together with one of this var., an ex. will be found in what follows]: (TA:) you say, صِفْتُ بِمَكَانِ كَذَا [I remained during the صَيْف in such a place], and in like manner صِفْتُهُ, and ↓ تَصَيَّفْتُهُ, and ↓ صَيَّفْتُهُ [probably a mistranscription for ↓ اِصَّيَّفْتُهُ, as seems to be indicated by what here follows]: (M:) a Hudhalee says, تَصَيَّفْتُ نُعْمَانَ وَاصَّيَّفَتْ [I remained during the صَيْف in Noamán, and she remained during the صَيْف]. (M, TA.) b2: And صِيفَتِ الأَرْضُ, (S, M, O, K,) a verb of the class of عُنِىَ, (K,) originally صُيِفَت, (TA,) The land was rained upon by the rain of the [season called] صَيْف. (S, M, O. *) And صِفْنَا, of the measure فُعِلْنَا, like خُرِفْنَا and رُبِعْنَا, We were rained upon by the rain of the صَيْف: (S:) and in like manner ↓ صُيِّفْنَا. (M, TA. *) A2: صاف السَّهْمُ عَنِ الهَدَفِ, (S, M, O, Msb, * K, *) aor. ـِ (S, O, K,) inf. n. صَيْفٌ (S, M, O, Msb, K) and صَنيْفُوفَةٌ (S, M, O) and مَصِيفٌ, (M,) The arrow turned aside from the butt: (S, M, O, Msb, K:) a dial. var. of صاف having for its aor. ـُ and inf. n. صَوْفٌ. (O, Msb, * K.) b2: And صاف الفَحْلُ عَنْ طَرُوقَتِهِ The stallion-camel turned away from covering the female that he had covered. (M.) 2 صَيَّفَنِى It (a thing, S, O, K) sufficed me for my [season termed] صَيْفَة, (S, O, K,) or for my صَيْف: (Msb:) by the “ thing ” here spoken of is meant food, or a garment, or some other thing. (TA.) b2: See also 1, in three places.3 عَامَلَهُ مُصَايَفَةً (S, M, O, Msb, K) and صِيَافًا (Lh, M) is from الصَّيْفُ, (M, O, Msb,) like مُشَاهَرَةً (S, O, Msb, K) from الشَّهْرُ, (O, Msb,) and مُعَاوَمَةً (S, O) from العَامُ, (O,) i. e. [He made an engagement, or a contract, with him for work or the like] for the days of the صَيْف. (S.) And in like manner, اِسْتَأْجَرَهُ مُصَايَفَةً and صِيَافًا [He hired him, or took him as a hired man or hireling, for the period of the صَيْف]. (M.) 4 اصافوا They entered the [season called] صَيْف: (S, M, O, Msb, K:) like أَشْتَوْا meaning “ They entered the [season called] شِتَآء. ” (TA.) b2: and اصافت She (a camel) brought forth in the صَيْف. (M.) b3: [Hence,] اصاف said of a man, (tropical:) He had offspring born to him [in the summer of his age, i. e.] when he was old, or advanced in age: (S, M, O, K, TA:) or he had no offspring born to him until he was advanced in age, or old. (L, TA.) And (tropical:) He abstained from women while a young man, and then married when old, or advanced in age. (M, TA.) A2: اصاف اللّٰهُ عَنِّى شَرَّ فُلَانٍ God turned away, or may God turn away, from me the evil, or mischief, of such a one: (S, O, K: *) belonging to this art. and to art. صوف. (O, TA.) 5 تَصَيَّفَ, and its var. اِصَّيَّفَ: see 1, first sentence, in four places.8 إِصْتَيَفَ see 1, first sentence.

صَافٌ: see صَائِفٌ: A2: and see also art. صوف.

صَيْفٌ as signifying A certain portion of the year is said by ISk to be fem.: (TA, voce شِتَآءٌ; q. v.:) [but by others I find it treated as masc.:] the صَيْف as meaning one of the seasons is well known: (M:) Lth says, it is one of the quarters of the year; and is applied by the vulgar to a half of the year [i. e. to the half-year commencing at the vernal equinox; the other half-year being called by them the شِتَآء]: Az says, it is, with the Arabs, the division which the vulgar in El-'Irák and Khurásán call the رَبِيع [i. e. the spring]; it consists of three months; and the division that next follows it is with the Arabs the قَيْظ; and in it is the جَمْرَة [q. v.] of the قِيْظ; then, after this, is the division called the خَرِيف; and then, after this, the division called the شِتَآء: (TA:) [i. e.] it is the quarter of the year vulgarly called the رَبِيع, commencing when the sun enters Aries: but is applied by the vulgar to the قَيْظ, which is the [summer, i. e.] the quarter commencing when the sun enters Cancer: (Msb in art. زمن; q. v.:) [F says,] the صَيْف is the قَيْظ [i. e. summer, or the hot season]; or [the season] after the رَبِيع: (K:) and [Sgh says,] the صَيْف is one of the divisions of the year; which is after the رَبِيع: (O:) [but unless this explanation in the O denote only a vulgar meaning, and the latter of the two explanations in the K be virtually a repetition, we must suppose that, in each of them, by the ربيع is meant the season of rain thus termed, which ends in March: (see the latter of the two tables which I have inserted voce زَمَنٌ:) most probably, I think, both have been faultily transcribed from what here follows; for the S is largely copied in the O, and the S and O are among the principal sources of the K, which generally follows the O when it differs (rightly or wrongly) from the S:] the صَيْف is one of the divisions of the year; which is after [that called] الــرَّبِيعُ الأَوَّلُ and before [that called] القَيْظُ: (S:) [this admits of two renderings, both of which are correct; namely, the quarter after the season of two months called الــربيع الاوّل (which ends in March) and before the quarter called القيظ (which is summer); and also the season of two months after that called الــربيع الاوّل and before the similar season called القيظ: (see the former of the two tables to which I have referred above:) but probably the latter only was meant by him who first gave. this explanation:] the pl. is أَصْيَافٌ (M, O, K) and صُيُوفٌ: (M, Msb:) ↓ صَيْفَةٌ is a more particular term [app. meaning A single صَيْف; (see 2;)]; it is like شَتْوَةٌ [q. v.]; (O, K;) and its pl. is صِيَفٌ, like بِدَرٌ pl. of بَدْرَةٌ. (Fr, O, K.) الصَّيْفَ ضَيَّعْتِ اللَّبَنَ is a saying expl. in art. ضيع [q. v.]. (O, K.) b2: الصَّيْفُ also signifies The rain that comes in the [season called] صَيْف; (S, O, Msb, K;) [see, again, the second of the tables to which I have referred above, and see also نَوْ ٌ;] and (O, K) so ↓ الصَّيِّفُ; (M, O, K;) also signifying the herbage thereof: (M:) or, (K,) accord. to Lth, (O,) the latter signifies the rain that falls after the division [a mistake for the rain] called the رَبِيع; (O, K;) and so the former; (K;) and it is also called ↓ الصَّيْفِىُّ; (O, K;) which likewise signifies the herbage thereof. (TA.) Hence the prov., relating to the completing of the performance of a needful affair, تَمَامُ الــرَّبِيعِ الصَّيْفُ [The completion of the rain called the ربيع is that called the صيف]: for the rain called the ربيع is the first rain, and the صيف is that which is [next] after it. (TA.) b3: آيَةُ الصَّيْفِ is [A verse] in the end (آخِر) of سُورَةُ النِّسَآءِ [the 4th chapter of the Kur-án, but which verse I know not], mentioned in a tradition. (TA.) A2: Also The female of the بُوم [or owl]. (Kr, M.) صَيْفَةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph, latter half.

صَيْفِىٌّ A thing of, or belonging to, the [season called] صَيْف. (S, O.) b2: A young camel born in the صَيْف. (M.) [And in like manner a sheep or goat: see صَفَرِىٌّ.] b3: And [hence,] (assumed tropical:) A son born to a father [in the summer of his age, i. e.] old, or advanced in age. (S, M, O.) [See an ex. in a verse cited voce رِبْعِىٌّ.] b4: See also صَيْفٌ, near the end of the paragraph. b5: صَيْفِيَّةٌ [used as a subst., or as an epithet in which the quality of a subst. is predominant, for مِيرَةٌ صَيْفِيَّةٌ,] and ↓ صَائِفَةٌ signify The مِيرَة [or provision of corn &c.] in the first part of the صَيْف [here meaning spring]; i. e. the second ميرة; for the first of the مِيرَ is the رِبْعِيَّة, then the صَيْفِيَّة, then the دَفَئِيَّة, and then the رَمَضِيَّة: (M:) or the ↓ صَائِفَة of a people is their مِيرَة in the صَيْف. (S, O, K.) [See مِيرَةٌ.] b6: [صَيْفِيَّةٌ is also applied to The latter, or last, season of the bringing forth of camels; so in an explanation of هُبَعٌ in the S and TA.]

صَيْفِيَّةٌ [fem. of صَيْفِىٌّ: and also used as a subst., or as an epithet in which the quality of a subst. is predominant: see the latter word].

صَائِفٌ is used as an imitative sequent in the phrase صَيْفٌ صَائِفٌ, (S, O, K,) meaning A warm, or hot, [spring or] summer: (PS:) a phrase like لَيْلٌ لَائِلٌ &c. (S, O.) And one says يَوْمٌ صَائِفٌ, (S, M, O, Msb, K,) meaning A hot day; (O, K;) and ↓ يَوْمٌ صَافٌ (S, O, K) was sometimes said, meaning صَائِفٌ; like يَوْمٌ رَاحٌ [as meaning رَائِحٌ]: (S:) and لَيْلَةٌ صَائِفَةٌ [a hot night]. (S, O, Msb.) b2: And مَطَرٌ صَائِفٌ [app. Rain coming in the صَيْف, meaning spring; as also ↓ مُصِيفٌ, occurring in a verse cited voce رَسَمَ, q. v.]. (M.) See also صَافٍ in art. صفو.

صَائِفَةٌ [fem. of صَائفٌ, q. v. b2: Also, as a subst.,] A warring, or warring and plundering, expedition in the صَيْف [i. e. either spring or summer]: (M, Mgh, and Ham p. 239:) pl. صَوَائِفُ. (Mgh, and Ham ib.) And [particularly] (Mgh) A warring, or warring and plundering, expedition against the Greeks (الرُّوم): because they [i. e. the Arabs] used to go on expeditions of this kind in the صيف, (S, Mgh, O, K,) and to return in the winter, (Mgh,) on account of the cold and snow. (S, O, K.) And they said, وَلِىَ فُلَانٌ الصَّائِفَةَ, meaning Such a one was commander of the army going on a warring, or warring and plundering, expedition in the صَيْف: (Ham ubi suprà:) [but Mtr says,] he who explains صَائِفَةٌ as meaning the place [of], or the army [engaged in, such an expedition], errs: [adding that the Hanafee Imám] Mohammad has used the phrase الصَّوَائِفُ وَنَحْوُهَا مِنَ العَسَاكِرِ العِظَامِ either by surmise or by extension of the [proper] meaning. (Mgh.) b3: See also صَيْفِىٌّ, in two places.

A2: Also The time, or season of the صَيْف. (M, TA.) الصَّيِّفُ: see صَيْفٌ, last quarter of the paragraph.

صَيِّفَةٌ, originally صَيْوِفَةٌ: see art. صوف.

مَصِيفٌ A place of remaining, staying, dwelling, or abiding, during the [season called] صَيْف; (S, O, TA;) as also ↓ مُصْطَافٌ (S, K, TA) and ↓ مُتَصَيَّفٌ: (TA:) and a time thereof: (Sb, M, TA:) pl. مَصَايِفُ. (Msb.) b2: And A place in which dates are dried in the [season called] صَيْف. (Har p. 165.) A2: [Also part. n. of the verb in the phrase صِيفَتِ الأَرْضُ:] you say أَرْضٌ مَصِيفَةٌ and ↓ مَصْيُوفَةٌ Land rained upon by the rain of the [season called] صَيْف. (S, M, O, K.) A3: Also, applied to a channel in which water flows, Winding, or tortuous: (S, M:) from صَافَ, like مَضِيقٌ from ضَاقَ. (S.) [See an ex. in a verse cited voce كَرَبَةٌ: and see also مَضِيفٌ.]

مُصِيفٌ: see صائِفٌ. b2: Also, (M, O, K,) and مُصِيفَةٌ, (O, K,) [in the CK, erroneously, مَصِيفٌ and مَصِيفَةٌ,] and ↓ مِصْيَافٌ, (M, O, K,) applied to a she-camel, (M, O, K,) That has brought forth in the [season called] صَيْف: (M, L, TA:) or having with her her young one: (O, K, TA:) pl. of the last مَصَايِيفُ. (TA in art. جر.) b3: and [hence,] the first, (tropical:) A man having a child born to him [in the summer of his age, i. e.] when he is old, or advanced in age. (TA.) مِصْيَافٌ, applied to land (أَرْضٌ), Having in it abundance of the rain of the [season called] صَيْف. (O, K.) b2: And, so applied, Late in producing herbage. (O, K.) b3: See also مُصِيفٌ. b4: [Hence,] (tropical:) A man who does not take a wife until he has whiteness in the hair of his head mixed with the blackness thereof. (O, K.) مَصْيُوفَة: see مَصِيفٌ.

مُصْطَافٌ: see مَصِيفٌ.

مَتَصَيَّفٌ: see مَصِيفٌ.

شتو

1 شَتَا الشِّتَآءُ, aor. ـْ inf. n. شتو [app. شُتُوٌّ, The winter commenced: like as one says, رَبَعَ الــرَّبِيعُ, inf. n. رُبُوعٌ]. (TA.) b2: And شَتَا اليَوْمُ, aor. as above, The day was, or became, intensely cold. (Msb.) b3: And شَتَا بِهِ, (K,) and شَتَوْتُ بِهِ, (S,) and شَتَوْنَا بِهِ, aor. as above, inf. n. شَتْوٌ, (Msb,) He, and I, and we, remained, stayed, dwelt, or abode, (S, Msb, K,) during the شِتَآء [or winter, &c.], (S,) or during a شِتَآء, (Msb, K,) in it, (S, Msb, K,) namely, a place, (S, Msb,) or a country or town; (K;) as also ↓ شتّى, (K,) inf. n. تَشْتِيَةٌ; (TA;) and ↓ تشتّى, (S, K,) said by Az to be from الشِّتَآءُ, like تَصَيَّفَ from الصَّيْفُ: (TA:) [and all are also app. trans. in this sense without a prep.:] or, as some say, شَتَا الصَّيَّانَ means he re-mained, stayed, dwelt, or abode, in the صَمَّان [q. v., meaning a particular place and also a particular sort of place,] in the شِتَآء; and ↓ تَشَتَّاهَا, he pastured [his cattle] therein in the شِتَآء. (TA.) b4: And شَتَا القَوْمُ, (K,) aor. as above, (TA,) The people, or party, experienced drought, or barrenness, or dearth, in the شِتَآء; as also ↓ أَشْتَوْا. (K.) b5: See also 4.

A2: شَتِىَ, like رَضِىَ [in measure], He was smitten by the شِتَآء. (IKtt, TA.) 2 شتّى, inf. n. تَشْتِيَةٌ: see 1. b2: One says also, هٰذَا الشَّىْءُ يُشَتِّينِى This thing will suffice me for my شِتَآء [or winter, &c.]. (S.) 3 عَامَلَهُ مُشَاتَاةً (S, K) and شِتَآءً (K) [He bargained with him for work by, or for, the season called شِتَآء]; and in like manner, اِسْتَأْجَرَهُ [He hired him, or took him as a hireling]: (TA:) from الشِّتَآءُ [i. e. the subst.]; (S;) like مُرَابَعَةً

from الــرَّبِيعُ, &c.: (TA in art. ربع:) شِتَآءً being here in the accus. case as an inf. n., not as an adv. n. [of time]. (TA.) 4 أَشْتَوْا, (S, K,) and أَشْتَيْنَا, (Msb,) They, and we, entered the [season called] شِتَآء; (S, Msb, K;) and ↓ شَتَوْنَا signifies the same as اشتينا in this sense. (Ham p. 117.) b2: See also 1, near the end.5 تَشَتَّوَ see the first paragraph, in two places.

شَتًا A rough, or rugged, place. (K.) b2: and The صَدْر [i. e. higher, or upper, part, or front, or fore part,] of a valley. (Az, K.) شَتْوَةٌ: see شِتَآءٌ, in three places.

شَتْوِىٌّ and شَتَوِىٌّ, (S, Msb, K,) like خَرْفِىٌّ and خَرَفِىٌّ, (S,) [signifying Of, or relating to, the season called شِتَآء,] are rel. ns. of شِتَآءٌ (S, Msb, K) regarded as pl. of شَتْوَةٌ: (Msb:) or it may be that they formed the rel. n. from شَتْوَةٌ, and discarded that of شِتَآءٌ; as is said in the M: (TA:) or those who regard شِتَآءٌ as a sing. make its rel. n. to be ↓ شِتَائِىٌّ and ↓ شِتَاوِىٌّ. (Msb, TA.) b2: الشَّتَوِىُّ, (S, K,) thus with fet-h to the ش and ت, (K,) signifies also The rain of the [season called]

شِتَآء; and so ↓ الشَّتِىُّ; (S, K;) the latter occurring in a verse (S, TA) of En-Nemir Ibn-Towlab. (TA.) [See the latter of the tables inserted voce زَمَنٌ; and see also نَوْءٌ.] b3: Also The increase, or offspring, (نِتَاج,) of sheep and goats in the [season called] رَبِيع [by which is here meant the season called الــرَّبِيعُ الأَوَّلُ and رَبِيعُ الكَلَأِ, commencing in January and ending in March: see the former of the two tables mentioned above]: (Aboo-Nasr, TA voce صَفَرِىٌّ [q. v.]:) [and in like manner, of camels; for] شَتْوِىٌّ and شَتَوِىٌّ and ↓ شَتِىٌّ are applied to the young camel brought forth by her that is termed ↓ مُشْتٍ, meaning مُرْبِعٌ [i. e. that brings forth in the (season called) رَبِيع]. (TA.) شِتَآءٌ a word of well-known meaning [in the sense in which it is most commonly used, i. e. Winter]; (S;) one of the quarters [of the circle] of the seasons; (K;) and ↓ شَاتَاةٌ signifies the same; (Sgh, K;) [and so does ↓ شَتِيَّةٌ; (see an ex. voce رِبْعِىٌّ;)] and so does ↓ مَشْتَاةٌ: (Msb, TA:) [also the half-year commencing at the autumnal equinox:] ISk says, السَّنَةُ is with the Arabs a name for twelve months: then they divided it into two halves, and commenced the سَنَة [or year] at the commencement of the شِتَآء

because this word is masc. and the word صَيْف [meaning in this case the “ half-year commencing at the vernal equinox ”] is fem.: then they divided the شِتَآء into two halves; the شتوى being the former; and the ربيع, the latter; [but this is a manifest mistake, probably attributable to a copyist; for, as is well known, the former half is called the رَبِيع; and the latter, the شِتَآء or ↓ شَتْوَة;] each consisting of three months; and in like manner the صَيْف and the قَيْظ consist, each, of three months: (TA:) also one of the six seasons into which the year is divided, each whereof consists of two months; namely, the season [commencing in November and ending in January,] next after that called الخَرِيفُ: (S and K voce رَبِيعٌ: [see this word; and see, again, the former of the two tables mentioned above:]) accord. to Mbr, (S,) شِتَآءٌ is pl. of ↓ شَتْوَةٌ; (S, Msb, K;) it is said to be so by IF on the authority of Kh, and by some on the authority of Fr or some other: or شِتَآءٌ and ↓ شَتْوَةٌ signify the same, (K,) as is said in the M; (TA;) [i. e.] some say that الشِّتَآءُ is a proper name for the quarter [&c.]: (Msb:) the pl. is أَشْتِيَةٌ, (S, Msb, K,) i. e. pl. of شِتَآءٌ, (S, Msb,) because أَفْعِلَةٌ, as pl. of فِعَالٌ, is peculiar to a masc. [noun]; (Msb;) and شُتِىٌّ also, (K, TA,) originally أُشْتُوىٌ [a mistake for شُتُوىٌ], written in the Tekmileh شِتِىٌّ, as on the authority of Fr.: (TA:) the pl. of its syn. ↓ مَشْتَاةٌ is مَشَاتٍ. (Msb.) b2: Also, i. e. شِتَآءٌ, Hail, syn. بَرَدٌ, (K, TA, [in the CK بَرْدٌ,]) that falls from the sky. (TA.) b3: And Drought, or dearth: (K, and Ham pp. 117 and 150:) this meaning being assigned to the شتآء exclusively of the صَيْف because in it the people keep to the tents, not going forth to seek after herbage. (TA.) شَتِىٌّ: see شَتْوِىٌّ, in two places.

شَتِيَّةٌ: see شِتَآءٌ [with which it is syn.].

شِتَائِىٌّ and شِتَاوِىٌّ: see شَتْوِىٌّ.

شَاتٍ Entering the شِتَآء, which, with them, [i. e. the Arabs, and app. in this case,] means [a season of] drought, or dearth. (Ham pp. 149-50.) b2: يَوْمٌ شَاتٍ A day intensely cold: (Msb:) or a day in which is بَرَد [i. e. hail (accord. to the CK بَرْد)]; and in like manner غَدَاةٌ شَاتِيَةٌ [a morning in which is hail]. (K, TA.) شَاتَاةٌ: see its syn. شِتَآءٌ.

مَشْتًى The place [in which one resides, stays, dwells, or abides, during the season] of the شِتَآء

[or winter, &c.]; as also ↓ مَشْتَاةٌ: (K:) pl. مَشَاتٍ. (TA.) مُشْتٍ: see شَتْوِىٌّ, last sentence. b2: It is said in a trad., as some relate it, وَالنَّاسُ مُرْمِلُونَ مُشْتُونَ, meaning The people being in a state of straitness, or dearth, and hunger, and paucity of milk: but IAth says that the reading commonly known is مُسْنِتُونَ. (TA.) مَشْتَاةٌ: see شِتَآءٌ, in two places: b2: and مَشْتًى.

(س ل م) : (سَلِمَ) مِنْ الْآفَاتِ (وَمِنْهُ) قَوْلُهُ سَلِمَتْ لَهُ الضَّيْعَةُ أَيْ خَلَصَتْ وَبِمَصْدَرِهِ سُمِّيَتْ (سَلَّامَةُ) بِنْتُ مَعْقِلٍ أَمَةُ الْحُتَاتِ بِضَمِّ الْحَاءِ وَالتَّاءَيْنِ بِنُقْطَتَيْنِ مِنْ فَوْقَ وَقِيلَ بِالْبَاءَيْنِ بِنُقْطَةٍ وَالسَّارِقَةُ فِي حَدِيثِ أَبِي الدَّرْدَاءِ (وَبِاسْمِ الْفَاعِلِ) مِنْهُ سُمِّيَ سَالِمُ ابْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ رَاوِي حَدِيثِ رَفْعِ الْيَدَيْنِ (وَبِفَعَّالِ الْمُبَالَغَةِ) سُمِّيَ وَالِدُ أَبِي عُبَيْدٍ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ سَلَّامٍ وَأَبِي نَصْرٍ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سَلَّامٍ (وَبِفَعْلَانَ مِنْهُ) سُمِّيَ سَلْمَانُ الْفَارِسِيُّ وَسَلْمَانُ بْنُ رَبِيعَــةَ الْبَاهِلِيُّ قَاضِي الْكُوفَةِ (وَسَلْمَانُ) أَيْضًا حَيٌّ مِنْ الْعَرَبِ إلَيْهِ يُنْسَبُ عُبَيْدَةُ السَّلْمَانِيُّ مِنْ التَّابِعِينَ وَالْمُحَدِّثُونَ عَلَى التَّحْرِيكِ وَأَنْكَرَهُ السِّيرَافِيُّ (وَأَمَّا سُلَيْمَانُ) فَأَعْجَمِيٌّ (وَالسَّلَمُ) بِفَتْحَتَيْنِ مِنْ الْعِضَاهِ (وَبِوَاحِدَتِهِ) سُمِّيَ سَلَمَةُ بْنُ صَخْرٍ الْبَيَاضِيُّ (وَكُنِّيَ) أَبُو سَلَمَةَ زَوْجُ أُمِّ سَلَمَةَ قَبْلَ النَّبِيِّ - عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ - وَأَبُو سَلَمَةَ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ عَوْفٍ الزُّهْرِيُّ (وَقَوْلُهُ) السُّلَّمُ لَا يَدْخُلُ فِي الْبَيْعِ مِنْ غَيْرِ ذِكْرٍ سَوَاءٌ كَانَ مِنْ خَشَبٍ أَوْ مَدَرٍ يَعْنِي: الْمِعْرَاجَ وَهُوَ مَا يُعْرَجُ فِيهِ وَيُرْتَقَى عَلَيْهِ وَقَدْ يُؤَنَّثُ قَالَ اللَّيْثُ يُقَالُ هِيَ السُّلَّمُ وَهُوَ السُّلَّمُ وَالْجَمْع السَّلَالِيمُ قَالَ الزَّجَّاجُ - رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ - سُمِّيَ بِهَذَا لِأَنَّهُ يُسَلِّمُك إلَى حَيْثُ تُرِيدُ (وَأَسْلَمَ الثَّوْبَ) إلَى الْخَيَّاطِ وَأَسْلَمَ فِي الْبُرِّ أَسْلَفَ مِنْ السَّلَمِ وَأَصْلُهُ أَسْلَمَ الثَّمَنَ فِيهِ فَحُذِفَ وَقَدْ جَاءَ عَلَى الْأَصْلِ (مِنْهُ) قَوْلُهُ إذَا أَسْلَمَ صُوفًا فِي لَبْدٍ أَوْ شَعْرًا فِي مِسْحٍ لَمْ يَجُزْ وَسَلَّمَ إلَيْهِ وَدِيعَتَهُ تَسْلِيمًا (وَأَمَّا قَوْلُهُ) لَا يَتِمُّ الرَّهْنُ حَتَّى يَقُولَ الرَّاهِنُ بَعْدَمَا خَرَجَ مَنْ الدَّارِ سَلَّمْتُكَهَا عَلَى حَذْفِ الْجَارِّ فَسَهْوٌ (وَالسَّلَامُ) اسْمٌ مِنْ التَّسْلِيمِ كَالْكَلَامِ مِنْ التَّكْلِيمِ (وَبِهِ) سُمِّيَ وَالِدُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ سَلَامٍ وَكَذَا سَلَامُ بْنُ مِشْكَمٍ عَنْ الْأَزْهَرِيِّ وَغَيْرِهِ وَهُوَ أَبُو زَيْنَبَ وَكَانَ مِنْ الْيَهُودِ وَيُنْشَدُ لِأَبِي سُفْيَانَ
سَقَانِي فَرَوَانِي كُمَيْتًا مُدَامَةً ... عَلَى ظَمَإٍ مِنِّي سَلَامُ بْنُ مِشْكَمِ
وَأَبُو نَصْرٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ سَلَامٍ وَاسْتَلَمَ الْحَجَرَ تَنَاوَلَهُ بِالْيَدِ أَوْ بِالْقُبْلَةِ أَوْ مَسَحَهُ بِالْكَفِّ مِنْ السَّلِمَةِ بِفَتْحِ السِّينِ وَكَسْرِ اللَّامِ وَهِيَ الْحَجَرُ (وَبِهَا سُمِّيَ) بَنُو سَلِمَةَ بَطْنٌ مِنْ الْأَنْصَارِ.

(سلم) - فيَ الحديث: "ما من آدمي إلا ومَعَه شيطان. قيل: ومَعَك؟
قال: نعم، ولكن الله تَعَالى أَعانَني عليه، فأَسْلَمُ"
وفي رواية: "حتَّى أَسْلَم".
: أي انْقادَ وكَفَّ عن وَسْوَسَتِى. وقيل: دَخَل في الإسْلام، فسَلِمتُ من شَرِّه.

سلم

1 سَلِمَ, [aor. ـَ inf. n. سَلَامَةٌ (S, M, A, Mgh, Msb, K) and سَلَامٌ (A, TA) and سَلَمٌ and سَلْمٌ and سِلْمٌ, (Bd in xxxix. 30,) He was, or became, safe, or secure; or he escaped; (M, TA;) or he was, or became, free; (TA;) مِنَ الآفَاتِ [from evils of any kind], (S, Mgh,) or مِنَ الآفَةِ [from evil of any kind], (K,) or مِنَ البَلَآءِ [from trial, or affliction], (A, TA,) or مِنَ الأَمْرِ [from the affair]: (M:) he (a traveller) was, or became, safe, secure, or free, from evils of any kind: (Msb:) and سَلِمَ مِنَ العَيْبِ he was, or became, free from fault, defect, imperfection, blemish, or vice; syn. بَرِئَ. (Msb in art. برأ.) [Hence,] one says, لَا بِذِى تَسْلَمُ مَا كَانَ

گَذَا وَكَذَا, (ISk, S, K, *) meaning No, by God [or Him] who maketh thee to be in safety, (ISk, S, K,) [such and such things were not;] and to two persons لا بذى تَسْلَمَانِ, and to a pl. number لا بذى تَسْلَمُونَ, and to a female لا بذى تَسْلَمِينَ, and to a pl. number [of females] لا بذى تَسْلَمْنَ. (ISk, S, K. *) And لَا أَفْعَلُ ذٰلِكَ بِذِى تَسْلَمُ, meaning, بِذِى سَلَامَتِكِ [i. e. I will not do that, by the Author (lit. Lord or Master) of thy safety]; and in like manner, بذى تَسْلَمَانِ, and بذى تَسْلَمُونَ. (Sb, M. [See also ذو.]) And اِذْهَبْ بِذِى تَسْلَمُ, i. e. اِذْهَبْ بِسَلَامَتِكَ [Go thou with thy safety; or, with the Author of thy safety to protect thee; meaning go thou in safety]; and [to two persons]

اِذْهَبَا بِذِى تَسْلَمَانِ. (S, K.) ذى is thus prefixed to a verb [as virtually governing it in the gen. case] like as آيَة is in an instance mentioned under this latter word; but these are two extr. instances; for only a noun significant of time is [regularly] prefixed to a verb, as in the phrase هٰذَا يَوْمُ يُفْعَلُ, meaning يُفْعَلُ فِيهِ: (Akh, S:) it is not prefixed to any but this verb تَسْلَمُ [and its variations as above mentioned]. (Sb, M, K.) b2: And hence, (Mgh,) one says also, سَلِمَتْ لَهُ الضَّيْعَةُ, meaning [The landed estate] was, or became, free from participation to him; syn. خَلَصَت. (Mgh, TA.) A2: سلمهُ, [app. سَلَمَهُ, or perhaps سَلِمَهُ, for some verbs of this measure are trans., as حَسِبَ and وَرِثَ,] inf. n. سلم, [app. سَلَمٌ, q. v. infrà,] He made him a captive. (TA.) A3: سَلَمَتْهُ الحَيَّةُ, (TA,) inf. n. سَلْمٌ, (M, K, TA,) The serpent bit him: (M, * K, * TA:) mentioned by Az, but he adds that no one but Lth has said this. (TA.) A4: سَلَمَ الجِلْدَ, aor. ـِ (S, K,) inf. n. سَلْمٌ, (TA,) He tanned the skin with [قَرَظ, i. e. leaves of] the سَلَم [or mimosa flava]. (S, K, TA.) b2: سَلَمَ الدَّلْوَ, (M, K,) aor. ـِ inf. n. سَلْمٌ, (M,) He finished making the leathern bucket; and made it firm, strong, or sound, or made it firmly, strongly, or soundly. (M, K.) 2 سلّمهُ, (S, M, Msb, K,) inf. n. تَسْلِيمٌ, (K,) He (God) made him to be safe, secure, or free; saved, secured, or freed, him; (M, Msb, TA;) مِنَ الآفَاتِ [from evils of any kind], (S, Msb,) or مِنَ الآفَةِ [from evil of any kind], (K,) or مِنَ الأَمْرِ [from the affair]. (M.) [Freytag assigns the same meaning to ↓ اسلمهُ also, as on the authority of the Ham; in which I find no explanation of this verb except one which will be found later in this paragraph.] b2: [Hence,] التَّسْلِيمُ is also syn. with السَّلَامُ, (S, K, TA,) as meaning The saluting, or greeting, one with a prayer for his safety, or security, or freedom, from evils of any kind in his religion and in his person; and the interpretation thereof is [the expressing a desire for] التَّخْلِيصٌ; (Mbr, TA;) or the saluting, or greeting, one with a prayer for his life; or, by saying سَلَامٌ عَلَيْكَ [q. v. infrà, voce سَلَامٌ]; syn. التَّحِيَّةُ. (TA.) You say, سَلَّمَ عَلَيْهِ [meaning He so saluted, or greeted, him]. (M, Msb.) [This, when said of God, virtually means سَلَّمَهُ, i. e. He saved him; and should be rendered agreeably with this explanation in the phrase commonly used after the mention of the Prophet, صَلَّى اللّٰهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ May God bless and save him. You say also, سَلَّمَ عَلَيْهِ بِالخِلَافَةِ He saluted him with the acknowledgment of his being Khaleefeh; saying, سَلَامٌ عَلَيْكَ يَا أَمِيرَ المُؤْمِنِينَ Salutation to thee, or peace be on thee, &c., O Prince of the Faithful.] التَّسْلِيمَةُ signifies The salutation that is pronounced on finishing every two rek'ahs in prayer: (Har p. 180:) [and also that which is pronounced after the last rek'ah of each of the prayers (i. e. after the sunneh prayers and the fard alike), addressed to the two guardian and recording angels: (see my “ Modern Egyptians,” ch. iii., p. 78 of the 5th ed.:) and سَلَّمَ means He pronounced either of those salutations.] b3: [Hence also,] سلّم إِلَيْهِ الشَّىْءَ, (S, K, *) inf. n. as above; (K;) and ↓ اسلم اليه الشىءَ; (M;) He gave to him the thing; (S, * M, K;) or delivered it to him: (M:) [he resigned it to him:] and سلّم إِلَيْهِ الوَدِيعَةَ, (Mgh,) or سلّم الوَدِيعَةَ لِصَاحِبِهَا, He delivered the deposit [to him, or] to its owner: (Msb:) and ↓ اسلم الثَّوْبَ إِلَى الخَيَّاطِ (Mgh) signifies the same as سلّمهُ إِلَيْهِ [i. e. He delivered the garment, or piece of cloth, to the tailor]. (Har p. 166.) b4: See also 4, in two places. b5: You say also, سلّم الأَجِيرُ نَفْسَهُ لِلْمُسْتَأْجِرِ The hired man gave himself up, or gave authority over himself, to the hirer. (Msb.) And ↓ أَسْلَمْتُهُ and سَلَّمْتُهُ I left him in the power of him who desired to kill him or to wound him. (Ham p. 115.) And لِلْهَلَكَةِ ↓ اسلمهُ [He gave him up to destruction]: in this case with [the prep.] ل only. (Har p. 166.) and الرَّجُلَ ↓ اسلم, (S, * M, Msb, *) or العَدُوَّ, (K,) He left, forsook, or deserted, (M, K,) the man, (S, * M, Msb, *) or the enemy; (K;) or abstained from aiding, or assisting, him; (S, M, Msb, K;) and threw him into destruction. (IAth, TA.) and لِمَا بِهِ ↓ اسلمهُ He left him [to that bane which was in him: app. referring to the bite of a serpent, or any evil affection: see سَلِيمٌ, third sentence]. (S, * M.) b6: And سلّم أَمْرَهُ إِلَى اللّٰهِ and ↓ اسلمهُ, both meaning the same, (S, Msb, K, TA,) i. e. He committed his case to God. (TA.) b7: And سلّم الدَّعْوَى He acknowledged the truth [or justice] of the claim, demand, or suit; [he conceded its truth or justice;] from سلّم الوَدِيعَةَ لِصَاحِبِهَا, expl. above; denoting an ideal delivering [or yielding of a thing to another person]. (Msb.) [Hence one says, سلّم أَنَّهُ كَذَا He conceded that it was thus.] b8: And التَّسْلِيمُ signifies also [The assenting, or] the giving [one's] approval (S, K, TA) unreservedly, (S,) to that which is ordained, or decreed, (S, K, TA,) by God; and the submitting to his commands; and the abstaining from offering opposition in the case in which it is not becoming [to do so]. (TA.) You say, سلّم لِأَمْرِ اللّٰهِ He assented to the command of God: [or he gave his approval to it:] or he submitted to it; as also ↓ اسلم. (MA.) 3 سالمهُ, (M, Msb,) inf. n. مُسَالَمَةٌ (S, M, Msb) and سِلَامٌ, (M, Msb,) He made peace, or became at peace or reconciled, with him; or he reconciled himself with him: [implying mutual concession, or a compromise:] (S, * M, Msb:) and سَالَمَا They made peace, or became at peace or reconciled, or they reconciled themselves, each with the other. (K.) 4 أَسْلَمَ see 2, in nine places. [The first of the meanings there assigned to this verb is, in my opinion, more than doubtful. In all its senses, it seems to be properly trans.: when it is used as an intrans. verb, an objective complement is app. understood. Thus,] أَسْلَمَ is syn. with أَسْلَفَ [as meaning He paid in advance, or beforehand]; (S, M, Mgh, Msb;) الثَّمَنَ [the price] being suppressed, though sometimes it is expressed; (Mgh;) as also ↓ سلّم; (M;) and ↓ تسلّم, as occurring in a trad., where it is said, مَنْ تَسَلَّمَ فِى شَىْءٍ فَلَا يَصْرِفُهُ إِلَى غَيْرِهِ [Whoso pays in advance for a thing, he shall not turn it over, or transfer it, to another than him]; but KT says that he had not heard this verb thus used except in this instance. (TA.) So the first of these verbs signifies in the saying, اسلم فِى الطَّعَامِ (S) or فى البُرِّ (Mgh) [He paid in advance for the wheat], and فى الشَّىْءِ [for the thing], as also ↓ سلّم. (M.) and hence the saying, إِذَا أَسْلَمَ صُوفًا فِى لِبْدٍ أَوْ شَعَرًا فِى

مِسْحٍ لَمْ يَجُزْ [If he give in advance wool for felt, or goats' hair for a garment, or piece, of haircloth, it will not be allowable]. (Mgh.) And so in the phrase, أَسْلَمْتُ إِلَيْهِ [I paid in advance to him]. (Msb.) b2: Also [He resigned, or submitted, himself; نَفْسَهُ being understood: or] he was, or became, resigned, or submissive; (M, K;) and so ↓ استسلم: (S, M, Msb, K:) you say, اسلم لِلّٰهِ [He resigned, or submitted, himself, or he was, or became, resigned, or submissive, to God: see also an ex. (before referred to) in the last sentence of the second paragraph: or he was, or became, sincere in his religion, or without hypocrisy, towards God: see مُسْلِمٌ]: (Msb:) [or]

اسلم signifies he entered into السِّلْم, (S, Msb,) which here means الاِسْتِسْلَام [i. e. the state of resignation, or submission]. (S.) b3: And He became a Muslim; as also ↓ تسلّم; (M, * K;) as in the saying, كَانَ كَافِرًا ثُمَّ تَسَلَّمَ, i. e. أَسْلَمَ [He was an unbeliever, or a denier of the unity of God, &c.; then he became a Muslim]: (M:) or he entered [the pale, or communion, of] the religion of الإِسْلَام. (S, * Msb.) الإِسْلَامُ as a principle of the law of God is The manifesting of humility or submission, and outward conforming with the law of God, and the taking upon oneself to do or to say as the Prophet has done or said: for this, the blood is to be spared, and one may demand the repelling of evil: (T, * M:) and if there is therewith firm belief with the heart, it is إِيمَانٌ: (T:) this is the doctrine of Esh-Sháfi'ee; but the doctrine of Aboo-Haneefeh makes no difference between these two terms: (KT:) [agreeably with the former doctrine,] Th well and briefly says, الاسلام is with the tongue, and الايمان is with the heart: and he says, in explaining verse 48 of ch. v. of the Kur, that every prophet has been sent with الاسلام, though the ordinances differ. (M.) b4: One says also, أَسْلَمْتُ عَنْهُ, meaning I left it [app. an affair, as in an explanation in the TK,] after I had been [engaged] in it. (Ibn-Buzurj, K.) And اسلم occurs intransitively in the saying, كَانَ رَاعِىَ غَنَمٍ ثُمَّ

أَسْلَمَ, meaning [He was a pastor of sheep, or goats; then] he left them. (M.) b5: [Freytag assigns to اسلم another signification “ Adscendere fecit (vid. a سُلَّم),” as from the Ham, p. 39: but this is app. a mistake, into which he has been led by a saying, there cited, of Zuheyr, which I read thus: هَوِىَّ الدَّلْوِ أَسْلَمَهَا الرِّشَآءُ (meaning, The descent, or as the descent, of the bucket that the well-rope has let go): and by its being there said that “ you should not prefer any reading of هوى to that with damm, though it has been said otherwise: ” whereas the correct reading is, in my opinion, هَوِىّ, agreeably with what here follows:] Er-Riyáshee says, on the authority of Az, that الهَوِىُّ, with fet-h, is downwards; and with damm, upwards; and he cites the saying above as an ex. of the word as meaning downwards. (TA in art. هوى.) 5 تسلّم مِنْهُ He asserted, or declared, himself to be free from, or clear of, or quit of, it, or him. (M.) b2: تسلّم is also syn. with أُسْلَمَ, in two senses: see the latter, in two places.

A2: and تسلّمهُ signifies He took it, or received it; namely, a thing given, or delivered. (S, M, Msb, K.) 6 تسالموا, (M,) and تسالما, (K,) inf. n. تَسَالُمٌ, (S,) They, (M,) or they two, (K,) made peace, or became at peace or reconciled, (S, * M, K,) one with another, (S, M,) or each with the other. (S, K.) [See also 8.] b2: One says of a man, (M,) of a great, or frequent, liar, (TA,) لَا تَسَالَمُ خَيْلَاهُ, [for تَتَسَالَمُ,] (M,) or لَا يَتَسَالَمُ خَيْلَاهُ, (K, TA,) [(assumed tropical:) His two troops of horses will not agree in pace, each with the other;] meaning (tropical:) [his assertions will not be found to agree together; or] he will not say what is true, so that it may be accepted from him: for تَسَالَمَتْ, said of horses, means (assumed tropical:) they kept pace, one with another; (تَسَايَرَتْ [q. v.];) not exciting one another. (M, K, TA.) 8 استلم He became at peace, or reconciled. (TA.) Hence the saying, (TA,) هُوَ لَا يَسْتَلَمُ عَلَى

سَخَطِهِ He will not become at peace, or reconciled, during his displeasure at a thing. (K, TA.) [See also 6.] b2: استلم الزَّرْعُ The seed-produce put forth its ears. (K.) A2: استلم الحَجَرَ He touched, (S, K,) or reached, (Mgh,) the stone, [meaning the Black Stone of the Kaabeh,] by kissing, or with the hand: (S, Mgh, K:) or he wiped it, or stroked it, with the hand: (Mgh:) or he kissed the stone: or he embraced it: (M:) and اِسْتَلْأَمَهُ signifies the same; (M, K;) but is not the original: (M:) accord. to ISk, the Arabs pronounced it with hemz, contr. to analogy; (Msb;) or it should not be pronounced with hemz, though some thus pronounce it, (S,) the original being استلم, (ISk, Msb,) because it is from سِلَامٌ [pl. of سَلِمَةٌ] signifying “ stones,” (ISk, S, * M, Msb, * [in the Mgh, from سَلِمَةٌ signifying “ a stone,” and in the Msb the pl. of سَلِمَةٌ is said to be سَلَامٌ, like كَلَامٌ,]) accord. to Sb, who says that it does not denote the act of taking; (M;) or, accord. to Sb, it is from السَّلَامُ, with fet-h, meaning “ salutation,” and it means the touching with the hand by way of salutation in order to obtain a blessing thereby: (TA:) but accord. to IAar, the original is with hemz, from المُلَآءَمَةُ, meaning الاِجْتِمَاعُ [“ the coming together,” &c., because denoting contact]. (Msb.) Abu-t-Tufeyl is related to have said, رَأَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللّٰهِ صَلَّى اللّٰهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَطُوفُ عَلَى رَاحِلَتِهِ يَسْتَلِمُ بِمِحْجَنِهِ وَيُقَبِّلُ المِحْجَنَ [i. e. I saw the Apostle of God (may God bless and save him) circuiting around the Kaabeh, upon his camel, touching the Black Stone with his hooked staff, and kissing the hooked staff]. (TA.) The primary signification of الاِسْتِلَامُ is [said to be] The wiping, or stroking, the سَلِمَة, i. e. the stone: afterwards it was used in relation to other things, and one said اِسْتَلَمْتُ يَدَهَا, meaning I stroked, or kissed, her hand. (Har pp. 30 and 31.) b2: استلم الخُفُّ قَدَمَيْهِ means The boot rendered his feet soft [after he had been accustomed to walking barefoot]. (TA.) 10 إِسْتَسْلَمَ see 4, in the former half of the paragraph.

A2: استسلم ثَكَمَ الطَّرِيقِ He went upon the middle of the road, not missing it. (K, * TA. [In the CK, after واسْتَسْلَمَ انقادَ, for وثَكَمَ الطَّرِيقِ, meaning واستسلم ثَكَمَ الطَّرِيقِ, is erroneously put وتَسَلَّمَ الطَّرِيقَ, assigning to تسلّم a meaning belonging to استسلم.]) Q. Q. 2 تَمَسْلَمَ [from مُسْلِمٌ] He named, or called, himself a Muslim; or he named himself Muslim; his name having before been Mohammad: (M, K:) mentioned by Er-Ru-ásee. (M.) سَلْمٌ: see the next paragraph, in six places.

A2: Also A leathern bucket (دَلْوٌ) having one عُرْوَة [or loop-shaped handle], (T, S, M, K,) with which the waterer walks, like the buckets (دِلَآء) of the attendants of the camels or other beasts upon which water is drawn or which carry water, (T, TA,) or like the دَلْو of the water-carriers: (S, K:) expl. in the S as above as on the authority of AA; but IB says that the correct explanation is, having one عَرْقُوَة [or stick fixed across from one part of the brim to the to the opposite part, serving as a handle as well as to keep it from collapsing]: (TA:) of the masc. gender [whereas دَلْوٌ is fem.]: (M:) pl. [of pauc.] أَسْلُمٌ and [of mult.] سِلَامٌ, (M, K,) and Lh mentions as its pl. أَسَالِمُ, which is extr. [unless as a pl. pl., i. e. pl. of أَسْلُمٌ]. (M.) سِلْمٌ Peace, or reconciliation; as also ↓ سَلْمٌ; (S, M, Msb, K;) masc. and fem.; (S, Msb, K; *) and ↓ سَلَمٌ and ↓ سَلَامٌ are like سِلْمٌ [in signification]: (M: [the context there shows that the signification mentioned above is what is meant in this instance:]) or سِلْمٌ signifies the making peace, or becoming at peace or reconciled, with another or others; (Ham p. 80;) as also ↓ سَلْمٌ; and both are sometimes fem. as being syn. with مُصَالَحَةٌ. (L voce جَنَحَ, q. v.) In the saying of El-Aashà, أَذَاقَتْهُمُ الحَرْبُ أَنْفَاسَهَا

↓ وَقَدْ تُكْرَهُ الحَرْبُ بَعْدَ السِّلِمْ [War made them, or has made them, to taste its draughts, and verily war is disliked after peace], he has transferred the vowel of the م to the ل, in pausing; or it may be that he has inserted a kesreh in imitation of the preceding kesreh: it is not an instance like إِبِل, in the opinion of Sb; for in his opinion the latter is the only instance of its kind. (M.) It is said in a trad., respecting El-Hodeybiyeh, أَخَذَ ثَمَانِينَ مِنْ أَهْلِ مَكَّةَ سِلْمًا, or ↓ سَلْمًا, or ↓ سَلَمًا, accord. to different relations, meaning [He took forty of the people of Mekkeh] peaceably: thus expl. by El-Homeydee, in his “ Ghareeb. ” (TA. [See also سَلَمٌ below.]) b2: Also i. q. ↓ سَلَامٌ, (S, K, TA,) as signifying Selfresignation, or submission; (TA; [and thus the latter is expl. in one place in the S;]) which is also a signification of ↓ سَلَمٌ: (S, M, K, TA:) and this is meant in the Kur [iv. 96], where it is said, لَسْتَ مُؤْمِنًا ↓ وَلَا تَقُولُوا لِمَنْ أَلْقَى إِلَيْكُمُ السَّلَامَ, (Bd, TA,) or ↓ السَّلَمَ, as some read, (Bd,) [i. e. and say not ye to him who offers to you submission, Thou art not a believer:] or ↓ السَّلَامَ here means the salutation of الإِسْلَام [by saying سَلَامٌ عَلَيْكُمْ]: (Bd, TA: *) or salutation, and submission by uttering the profession of الإِسْلَام; and so ↓ السَّلَمَ: (Jel:) [or the latter here means, simply, salutation; and this is app. what is meant by its being said that] السَّلَمُ is the subst. from التَّسْلِيمُ; (K;) [but accord. to SM,] this means the unreserved approval of what is decreed; and this is said to be meant by the reading السَّلَمَ mentioned above. (TA.) b3: And [hence] السِّلْمُ signifies also الإِسْلَامُ [as meaning The religion of the Muslims; because it is a religion of self-resignation, or submission]: (S, K:) this is meant in the Kur [ii. 204], where it is said, اُدْخُلُوا فِى السِّلْمِ كَافَّةً

[Enter ye into the religion of El-Islám wholly]; (S, Bd, Jel;) and so ↓ السَّلْمِ, as some there read; (Bd, Jel;) or both there mean submission and obedience to God: (Bd:) [and] ↓ السَّلَمُ [also] has the former meaning. (M.) A2: Also, (S, M, K,) and ↓ سَلْمٌ, (M,) A man, (S, K, TA,) [and] a woman, (M,) who makes peace, or is at peace, with another; (S, M, K;) and in like manner, a company of men (قَوْمٌ). (M.) This is said to be meant in the Kur [xxxix. 30], where it is said, وَرَجْلًا سِلْمًا لِرَجُلٍ, as some read, i. e. And a man who is at peace with respect to a man: (TA:) or سِلْمًا and ↓ سَلْمًا and ↓ سَلَمًا, three different readings, in the place of [the more common reading]

سَالِمًا, are all inf. ns. of سَلِمَ, used as epithets [syn. with سَالِمًا], or ذَا is suppressed before them. (Bd.) You say, أَنَا سِلْمٌ لِمَنْ سَالَمَنِى [I am one who is at peace with respect to him who is at peace with me]. (S, TA.) And a poet says, [using this word in two different senses, the latter of which has been mentioned above,] لِأَهْلِكِ فَاقْبَلِى سِلْمِى أَنَائِلُ إِنَّنِى سِلْمٌ [O Náïleh, (نَائِلُ being for نَائِلَةٌ, a woman's name, apocopated,) verily I am one who is at peace with respect to thy family, therefore accept thou my submission]. (TA. [It seems to be there indicated by the context that سلمى here means my peace, or reconciliation; which is less appropriate than the meaning that I have assigned to it.]) سَلَمٌ: see سَلَامٌ: and see also سِلْمٌ, in seven places. b2: Also, in buying or selling, (Msb,) the subst. from أَسْلَمَ فِى الشَّىْءِ and سَلَّمَ signifying

أَسْلَفَ, (M,) i. q. سَلَفٌ; (S, Msb, K;) i. e. Any money, or property, paid in advance, or beforehand, as the price of a commodity for which the seller has become responsible and which one has bought on description: (T and TA in art. سلف:) or payment for a commodity to be delivered at a certain [future] period with something additional to [the equivalent of] the current price at the time of such payment; this [transaction] being a cause of profit to him who makes such payment: (TA in that art.:) or a sort of sale in which the price is paid in advance, and the commodity is withheld, on the condition of description, to a certain [future] period: (S and O in that art., in explanation of سَلَفٌ:) but it is said in a trad. that the term سَلَمٌ as meaning سَلَفٌ was disliked; app. because the former is applied to obedience, and self-resignation, or submission, to God. (TA.) A2: And The making [one] captive. (K. [See 1, in the latter part of the paragraph.]) A3: And A captive; (K;) because he submits himself. (TA.) One says, أَخَذَهُ سَلَمًا, (M, TA, [in the TK بِالسَّلَمِ,]) He took him [a captive], (TA,) or made him captive, (M,) without war: (M, TA:) or he brought him in a state of submission, not resisting; and so, if wounded: (IAar, M, TA:) and thus El-Khattábee has expl. the phrase in the trad. respecting El-Hodeybiyeh cited above, voce سِلْمٌ. (TA.) A4: Also A sort of tree, (S, M, Msb, K,) [the mimosa flava of Forskål, who writes its Arabic name in Italic characters syllæm, and in Arabic characters سليم, (Flora Aegypt. Arab., p. cxxiii.,)] a species (M) of the [kind of thorny trees called] عِضَاه, (S, M, Mgh, Msb, TA, [not غَضَاة, as in the Lexicons of Golius and Freytag,]) the leaves whereof are the قَرَظ, with which skin is tanned: (TA:) AHn says, its branches are long, like rods; and it has no wood such as is used in carpentry, even if it grows large: it has slender, long thorns, grievous when they wound the foot of a man; and a yellow [fruit such as is termed] بَرَمَة [n. un. of بَرَمٌ, see this word, and see also حُبْلَةٌ,] which is the sweetest of the بَرَم in odour; and they tan with its leaves: and it is said, on the authority of the Arabs of the desert, that it has a yellow flower, containing a green grain (حَبَّة خَضْرَآء [or this may mean a grain of a dark, or an ashy, dustcolour]), of sweet odour, in which is somewhat of bitterness, and of which the gazelles are very fond: (M:) the n. un. is with ة: (S, M, Mgh, Msb, K:) and pl. أَسْلَامٌ, (M,) and سِلَامٌ is said by IB to be pl. of the n. un., like as إِكَامٌ is of أَكَمَةٌ. (TA.) [Hence,] ذَاتُ أَسْلَامٍ A land (أَرْض) that gives growth to the [trees called] سَلَم. (K.) See also سلَمَان.

سَلِمٌ Stones; (S, M;) as also ↓ سِلَامٌ: (M:) and ↓ سَلِمَةٌ [as n. un. of the former and sing. of the latter, (incorrectly written by Freytag, in one place, سَلَمَةٌ, and incorrectly said by him to be of the dial. of the people of Himyer,)] signifies a stone: (S, M, Mgh, Msb:) [or] the pl. [or quasipl. n.] of سَلِمَةٌ in this sense is ↓ سَلَامٌ, like كَلَامٌ in measure: (Msb:) or ↓ سَلِمَةٌ signifies stones; (K;) or hard stones; (TA;) and ↓ سِلَامٌ is its pl.: (K:) [said to be] so called because of their freedom (سلَامَة) from softness: (TA:) or this last signifies stones, the small thereof and the large; and they assign to it no sing.: (ISh, TA:) or سلام [probably meaning ↓ سَلَامٌ] is a quasi-pl. n.: (Aboo-Kheyreh, TA:) and it is also said to be a name for any broad stone. (TA.) See also سَلَمَان. A poet says, (namely, Bujeyr Ibn-'Anameh, IB, TA,) يَرْمِى وَرَائِى بِامْسَهْكِ وَامْسَهْمِ وَامْسَلِمَهْ [He casts from behind me (i. e. defends me) with the arrow and the stone]: this [usage of ام for ال] is of the dial. of [Teiyi and] Himyer. (S, TA.) السِّلِمْ for السِّلْمْ: see سِلْمٌ, second sentence.

سَلِمَةٌ: see سَلِمٌ, in two places: and سَلَمَان.

A2: Also A woman soft, or tender, in the أَطْرَاف [or fingers, or other extremities]. (K.) b2: And An old and weak she-camel. (IAar, TA in art. سد.) سَلْمَى A certain plant (K, TA) which becomes green in the [season called] صَيْف [app. here meaning spring]. (TA.) b2: أَبُو سَلْمَى The [species of lizard called] وَزَغ: (K:) or, some say, [as is said in the M,] ↓ أَبُو سَلْمَانَ. (TA.) b3: See also the next paragraph. b4: [In the CK, by a mistranscription, a meaning belonging to سُلَامَى is assigned to سَلْمَى.]

السَّلْمَآء, accord. to Aboo-Mis-hal, as meaning The earth, occurs in the prov., أَنْفٌ قِى المَآءِ وَاسْتٌ فِى السَّلْمَآءِ [A nose in the water and a rump on the earth]: and if this be correct, it may be derived from سلام [i. e. سِلَامٌ] meaning “ stones: ” and it may be originally ↓ السَّلْمَى, and lengthened for the sake of the rhyme. (Ham p. 214.) [But the reading commonly known is, أَنْفٌ فِى السَّلْمَآءِ وَاسْتٌ فِى المَآءِ.]

هُوَ سَلْمَانُ بَيْتِهِ He is the special, or particular, friend of his [another's] house; one who mixes with him much: from the saying of the Prophet, سَلْمَانُ مِنَّا أَهْلِ البَيْتِ [Selmán is of us, the people of the house]; referring to Selmán El-Fárisee. (Har p. 472.) b2: أَبُو سَلْمَانَ: see سَلْمَى. b3: Also A species of the [black beetles called] جِعْلَان [pl. of جُعَلٌ, q. v.]: (M:) or i. q. جُعَلٌ, (IAar, K,) or أَبُو جَعْرَان, with fet-h [app. a mistake for kesr] to the ج: (Kr, TA:) or the largest of the جِعْلَان: or a certain insect like the جُعَل, having a pair of wings: (TA:) or the male of the [black beetles called] خَنَافِس [pl. of خُنْفَسَآءُ, q. v.]. (IAar, TA in art. فرض.) سَلَمَان or سَلِمَان, accord. to different readings, occurs in a trad. of Ibn-'Omar, in which it is said, كَانَ يُصَلِّى عِنْدَ سَلَمَانٍ فِى طَرِيقِ مَكَّةَ [He used to pray at certain selem-trees, or certain stones, in the road of Mekkeh]: each may be a pl. [or rather a quasi-pl. n.]; the former, of ↓ سَلَمَةٌ, the “ tree so called; ” the latter, of ↓ سَلِمَةٌ, “ stones ” [or a “ stone: ” but both of these explanations are strange]. (TA.) سَلَامٌ, (S, K, TA,) in its primary acceptation, (TA,) is syn. with ↓ سَلَامَةٌ, (S, K, TA,) as is also ↓ سَلَمٌ, (S, [so in one of my copies, but omitted in the other copy,]) and signifies Safety, security, immunity, or freedom, from faults, defects, imperfections, blemishes, or vices, (S, * [mentioned in one only of my two copies, and there as relating peculiarly to the third word,] K, [in which it ostensibly relates peculiarly to the first word, but in the CK, by the omission of a و before it, it is made to relate only to the second word,] and TA, [accord. to which it relates to the first and second words, as it is well known to do,]) and from evils of any kind: (TA:) or [simply] safety, security, immunity, or freedom; as also ↓ سَلَامَةٌ: (Sb, M:) IKt says that these two words may be dial. vars. [syn. each with the other]; or the former may be pl. of the latter [or rather a coll. gen. n. of which the latter is the n. un.]: (M, TA:) and Suh says, in the R, that most of the lexicologists hold them to have one [and the same] meaning: but that if they considered the language of the Arabs, and the distinction, or limitation, denoted by the ة, they would see that between them is a great difference [inasmuch as the former has a large range of meaning which the latter has not, as will be seen from what follows]. (TA.) سَلَامٌ عَلَيْكُمْ is an announcement of the continuance of سَلَامَة [or safety, &c.]: (Bd in xiii. 24:) [it may therefore be rendered Safety, &c., be, or light and abide, on you; or, generally, peace be, or light and abide, on you; for] it means nothing disliked, or evil, shall befall you henceforth: (Bd in xvi. 34:) and سَلَامٌ عَلَيْكَ [may be rendered in like manner; for it virtually] means I will not do to thee anything that is disliked, or evil; (Bd and Jel in xix. 48;) nor say to thee henceforward what would annoy thee, or be disagreeable, or evil, to thee. (Bd ibid.) It may also be [rendered May safety, &c., or peace, be, or light and abide, on you; as] a prayer for سَلَامَة, to those to whom it is addressed, from the state in which they are at the time. (Bd in xxviii. 55.) [It is generally held that this salutation may not be used by, nor to, any but a Muslim.] In the beginning of an epistle, the approved practice is to write سَلَامٌ عَلَيْكَ, without the article ال; and in repeating it, at the end, to write it with that article. (Durrat el-Ghowwás, in De Sacy's Anthol. Gramm. Arabe, p. 72 of the Arabic text. [In the latter case, the general practice in the present day is to write simply وَالسَّلَام, suppressing عَلَيْكَ.]) In saluting the dead, one puts عَلَيْكَ first, saying, عَلَيْكَ سَلَامُ اللّٰهِ. (Ham p. 367.) You also say, مَا كَانَ كَذَا وَكَذَا ↓ لَا بِسَلَامَتِكَ [No, by thy safety, such and such things were not]. (S.) السُّلَامُ is also a name of God, (S, M, Msb, K,) [applied to Him in the Kur lix. 23, accord. to some for ذُو السَّلَامِ, i. e. ذُو السَّلَامَةِ,] because of his safety, or freedom, from defect, and imperfection, and cessation of existence; (IKt, M, TA;) or from variations, and as being the everlasting, who brings the creation to nought and will not come to nought; or, accord. to Suh in the R, He is so named [as being the Author of Safety, Security, &c.; i. e.] because He has rendered all his creatures safe, or free, from defectiveness, or unsoundness, and mankind and the jinn, or genii, from the betiding of injustice, or wrong, to them, from Him; and the expositors who assert that He is thus named because of his safety, or freedom, from imperfections, and evils of any kind, utter an unseemly saying, making سَلَامٌ to be syn. with ↓ سَالِمٌ, which latter applies only to him who is liable to evil of any kind, and who expects it, and then becomes safe, or free, from it. (TA.) دَارُ السَّلَامِ is an appellation of Paradise, (M, K,) [applied thereto in the Kur vi. 127 and x. 26,] as being the abode of everlasting safety, or security; (Zj, M, TA;) the abode of safety, or security, from evils of any kind, from death and decrepitude and diseases [&c.]: (TA:) or as being the abode of God. (M, TA.) b2: See also سِلْمٌ, in four places. b3: [As is there stated,] it signifies also Salutation, or greeting; (M, TA;) particularly the salutation of الإِسْلَام [by saying سَلَامٌ عَلَيْكَ or سَلَامٌ عَلَيْكُمْ, expl. above]; (Bd in iv. 96;) a subst. (S, Mgh, Msb, TA) from سَلَّمَ عَلَيْهِ, (Msb,) [i. e.] from التُّسْلِيمُ, (S, Mgh, TA,) like كَلَامٌ from التَّكْلِيمُ. (Mgh. [See 2, third sentence.]) b4: In the saying in the Kur [xxv. 64], وَإِذَا خَاطَبَهُمُ الْجَاهِلُونَ قَالُوا سَلَامًا [And when the ignorant speak to them, they say, سَلَامًا], this last word signifies تَسَلُّمًا, (Sb, M,) or تَسَلُّمًا مِنْكُمْ [ for نَتَسَلَّمُ مِنْكُمْ تَسَلُّمًا We declare ourselves to be clear, or quit, of you], and مُتَارَكَهً لَلُمْ [ for نُتَارِكُكُمْ مُتَارَكَةً we relinquish you], (Bd,) [and means] there shall be neither good nor evil between us (Sb, M, Bd) and you: it is not the سلام that is used in salutation; for the verse was revealed at Mekkeh, and the Muslims had not then been commanded to salute the believers in a plurality of gods: (Sb, M:) [in iv. 88 of the Kur, which was promulgated afterwards, at ElMedeeneh, is a general command to return a salutation with a better or with the same; but the Sunneh prescribes that the salutation of سَلَامٌ عَلَيْكَ or سَلَامٌ عَلَيْكُمْ when addressed to a Muslim by one not a Muslim is to be returned only by saying وَعَلَيْكَ or وَعَلَيْكُمْ:] or the meaning in xxv. 64 is, they say a right saying, in which they are secure from harming and sinning. (Bd.) Sb asserts that Aboo-Rabee'ah used to say, إِذَا لَقِيتَ فُلَانًا فَقُلْ سَلَامًا, meaning تَسَلُّمًا [for أَتَسَلَّمُ مِنْكَ تَسَلُّمًا, i. e. When thou meetest such a one, say, I declare myself to be clear, or quit, of thee]: and he says that some of them said سَلَامٌ, meaning The case of me and thee is the [case of] being clear, or quit, each of the other; and the [case of] mutual relinquishing. (M.) [It is usual, in the present day, to say, اِفْعَلْ كَذَا وَالسَّلَام, meaning Do thou such a thing, and there will be an end of altercation between us.]

A2: See also سَلِيمٌ.

A3: Also A kind of trees; (S, M, Msb, K;) they assert that they are evergreen; nothing eats them; but the gazelles keep to them, and protect themselves by their shade, but do not hide among them; and they are not great trees, nor of the kind called عِضَاه: (AHn, M:) they are also called ↓ سِلَامٌ; (K;) or this is pl. of سَلَمَةٌ [n. un. of سَلَمٌ], which is of another kind; like as إِكَامٌ is pl. of أَكَمَةٌ: (IB, TA:) n. un. with ة. (S, M.) السَّلَامُ عَلَيْكَ was said to an Arab of the desert; and he replied, الجَثْجَاثُ عَلَيْكَ: and being asked, “ What is this reply? ” he answered, “They are two bitter trees: thou hast put upon me one, so I have put upon thee the other. ” (K.) A4: See also سَلِمٌ, in two places.

سِلَامٌ: see سَلِمٌ, in two places: A2: and the paragraph here next preceding, last sentence but two.

سَلِيمٌ i. q. ↓ سَالِمٌ, (S, M, K,) which means Safe, secure, or free, (Msb,) from evils of any kind; (K, Msb, TA;) applied to a man: (M:) pl. سُلَمَآءُ; (M, K, TA;) in some copies of the K سَلْمَى, like جَرْحَى pl. of جَرِيحٌ; (TA;) [but this is probably its pl. only when it is used in the sense of جَرِيحٌ or the like, as seems to be the case from what follows.] Also, (M,) applied to a heart: (S, M:) بِقَلْبٍ سَلِيمٍ, in the Kur xxvi. 89, means With a heart free from unbelief: (M, TA:) or, divested of corruptness, or unsoundness: (Er-Rághib, TA:) in the Kur xxxvii. 82, some say that it means with a grieving, or sorrowful, heart; from سَلِيمٌ in the sense here next following. (Bd.) b2: Also i. q. لَدِيغٌ [meaning Bitten by a serpent]; (S, M, K;) as also ↓ سَلَامٌ (S, K) and ↓ مَسْلُومٌ: (K:) app., (S,) as implying a good omen, of safety; (S, M;) or because the person is left (مُسْلَمٌ) to that [bane] which is in him: (IAar, S, * M:) and sometimes it is metaphorically used as meaning (tropical:) wounded: (M:) or it means wounded, at the point of death, (M, K,) as some say: (M:) pl. سَلْمَى. (M, and Ham p. 214.) A2: Also, (M, K,) of a horse, (M,) The part, of the hoof, that is between the أَشْعَر [or hair, or extremity of the skin, next the hoof], (M, TA,) or that is between the أَمْعَر [q. v.], (K,) but the former is the right, (TA,) and the interior of the hoof. (M, K, TA.) سَلَامَةٌ [the most usual inf. n. of سَلِمَ]: see سَلَامٌ, in three places.

A2: Also n. un. of سَلَامٌ applied to a kind of trees [described above]. (S, K.) سُلَامَى, a noun of the fem. gender, (Msb,) A certain bone that is in the فِرْسِن [q. v., here meaning foot] of the camel: (S, K:) this is said by A'Obeyd to be the primary signification: (S:) or the سُلَامَى of the camel are the bones of the فُرْسِن [or foot]: (M:) [for] سُلَامَى is used alike as sing. and pl., and sometimes it has also a pl., (S,) which is سُلَامَيَاتٌ: (S, M, K:) or it is a pl. [or rather a coll. gen. n.], of which the sing. [or n. un.] is سُلَامَيَةٌ, signifying the أَنْمَلَة [q. v.] of [any of] the fingers: (IAth, TA:) [but this is a strange explanation:] it is said that the last parts in which مُخّ [here meaning marrow or pulp and the like] remains in a camel when he has become emaciated are the سُلَامَى and eye; and when it has gone from these, he has none remaining: (S:) the pl. سُلَامَيَاتٌ, (S, TA,) or سُلَامَى, (M, Msb,) also signifies the bones of the أَصَابِع, (S, M,) so says Kh, and Zj adds that they are also called the قَصَب, (Msb,) of the hand and of the foot; (M;) [i. e., of the fingers and of the toes; and this seems to be the most common meaning, in relation to a human being; namely, the phalanges of the fingers and of the toes;] that are between every two joints [and what are beyond the extreme joints] of the أَصَابِع: accord. to Lth, the سلامى are the bones of the أَصَابِع [or fingers and toes] and the أَشَاجِع and the أَكَارِع, and are hard and compact bones like كِعَاب [pl. of كَعْبٌ]: (TA: [see the words that I have here left untranslated, for the senses in which they are here used are doubtful:]) accord. to IAar, (M,) certain small bones, of the length of the إِصْبَع [or finger], (M, K,) or nearly so, (M,) or less, (K,) of which there are four, or three, (M,) [or app., five, for the meaning here seems to be the metacarpal and metatarsal bones, to which the terms سُلَامَى and سُلَامَيَاتٌ are sometimes applied, (see أَشْجَعُ and مُشْظٌ,)] in the hand and in the foot, (K,) [i. e.] in each hand and foot: (M:) Ktr says that the سلاميات are the عُرُوق [app. a mistake for عِظَام i. e. bones] of the outer side of the hand and foot: (Msb:) سلامى is also said to signify any small hollow bone: and any bone of a human being: and ISh says that in every horse are six سلاميات [app. in the fore legs and the same in the hind legs; for he seems to mean that the term سلامى is applied to each of the pasternbones and to the coffin-bone; these three corresponding to the phalanges of a human being: see فَصٌّ]: (TA:) it is not allowable to write سلامى otherwise than with what is termed the short alif. (MF, TA.) A2: سُلَامَى, (M, K,) like سُكَّارَى, (K, TA, [in the CK like سَكْرٰى, which is shown to be wrong by a verse cited in the M and TA,]) signifies also The [south, or southerly, wind called] جَنُوب. (M, K.) سَلَامَانٌ A kind of tree, (S, M, K,) growing in soft, or plain, tracts: (M:) Az says, it is like the أَلَآء, which is a tree resembling the myrtle, which changes not in the midst of summer, and which has a produce resembling the head [or ear] of millet (ذُرَة), except that it is smaller than the الآء; tooth-sticks (مَسَاوِيك) are made from it; and its produce is like that of the الآء; and it grows in the sands and the deserts: (TA in art. الأ:) n. un. with ة. (M.) نَمْلُ سُلَيْمَانُ Red ants [lit. the ants of Solomon]. (TA voce أَحْوَى, in art. حو.) سُلَّمٌ A ladder, or a series of stairs or steps, syn. مِرْقَاةٌ, (M, K,) and دَرَجَةٌ, (M,) or مِعْرَاجٌ, (Msb,) upon which one ascends; (S, Mgh;) either of wood or of clay [&c.]: (Mgh:) said by Zj to be so called because it delivers thee (يُسَلِّمُكَ) to the place to which thou desirest to go, (Mgh, TA,) i. e., to some high place, and thou hopest for safety (السَّلَامَة) by means of it: (Er-Rághib, TA:) masc. and fem.; (Lth, M, Mgh;) [app., accord. to Lth and F, generally fem.; for] accord. to Lth, one says, هِىَ السُّلَّمُ and هُوَ السُّلَّمُ; (Mgh;) [and F says,] it is sometimes made masc.: (K:) pl. سَلَالِيمُ (S, Mgh, K) and سَلَالِمُ, (K,) [which latter is the original, for] the ى in سَلَالِيمُ is added by poetic license. (M, TA.) [Hence,] السُّلَّمُ (assumed tropical:) Certain stars, below [those called] العَانَةُ, on the right of them; (K;) as being likened to the سُلَّم [above-mentioned]. (TA.) b2: And The غَرْز [or stirrup of the camel's saddle] (S, K) is sometimes thus called [as being a means of mounting]. (S.) b3: And (tropical:) A means to a thing; (K, TA;) because it leads to another thing like as does the سُلَّم upon which one ascends. (TA.) b4: And السُّلَّمُ is the name of The horse of Zebbán (in the CK Zeiyán) Ibn-Seiyár. (K.) سَالِمٌ: see سَلِيمٌ; and see سَلَامٌ, near the middle of the paragraph. [See also an ex. voce شَاجِبٌ.]

b2: [Hence,] كَلِمَةٌ سَالِمَةُ العَيْنَيْنِ (tropical:) A good word or expression or sentence. (TA.) A2: The saying of J [in the S], (K,) in which he has followed his maternal uncle El-Fárábee, (TA,) that it signifies The portion of skin between the eye and the nose, is a mistake; (IB, K;) and his citation, as an authority, of the verse of 'AbdAllah Ibn-'Omar (K) in which he says, وَجِلْدَةُ بَيْنَ العَيْنِ وَالأَنْفِ سَالِمُ (TA,) is futile: (K:) for, as IB says, Sálim was the son of Ibn-'Omar, who, by reason of his love of him, thus makes him to be as the skin between his eyes and his nose: or, as MF says, the truth is, that the said verse is by Zuheyr, and Ibn-'Omar used it as a proverb: and [SM says], if this be correct, it strengthens the saying of J. (TA.) أَسْلَمُ [More, and most, safe or secure or free from evils of any kind]. You say, هٰذَا أَسْلَمُ مِنْ هٰذَا [This is more safe &c. than this]: and هٰذَا الأَسْلَمُ [This is the most safe &c.]; and هٰذِهِ السُّلْمَى. (Ham p. 214.) A2: And الاسلم [app. الأَسْلَمُ] signifies, like الطفى [i. e. الطَّفْىُ]; The leaves (خُوص) of the دَوْم [or Theban palm]. (Ibn-Beytár, app. from AHn, cited by De Sacy in his Chrest. Arabe, 2nd ed., iii. 480.) الإِسْلَامُ [inf. n. of 4, q. v. b2: It is the general term for The religion of Mohammad: differing from الإِيمَانُ, as shown above: see 4. b3: and hence, for أَهْلُ الإِسْلَامِ, or the like,] The Muslims, collectively. (M in art. بيض, &c.) إِسْلَامِىٌّ [Of, or relating to, الأِسْلَام as meaning the religion of Mohammad. b2: And particularly] A poet of the class next after the مُخَضْرَمُون and next before the مُوَلَّدُون. (Mz 49th نوع.) [See the Preface to the present work, p. ix.] The most celebrated of the poets of this class, it seems, were Jereer, El-Farezdak, El-Akhtal, and Dhu-rRummeh, who were contemporaries, and flourished in the first and second centuries of the Flight. (Mz ubi suprà, and Ibn-Khillikán in art. جَرِير.) b3: لَفْظٌ إِسْلَامِىٌّ A word, or phrase, introduced, or used in a new sense, on the occasion of the promulgation and establishment of the religion of الإِسْلَام, by means of the Kur-án &c. (Mz 20th نوع.) الأُسَيْلِمُ [The vena salvatella;] a certain vein (S, M, K) in the hand, (M,) between the little finger and the finger next to this: (S, K:) it occurs only [thus] in the dim. form. (M.) مُسْلِمٌ act. part. n. of 4 [q. v.]. (Msb.) وَاجْعَلْنَا مُسْلِمِينَ لَكَ, in the Kur ii. 122, means And make both of us self-resigned, or submissive, to Thee: (Bd, Jel:) or, sincere in religion, or without hypocrisy, towards Thee; syn. مُخْلِصَيْنِ: (M, Bd:) and therefore مسلمين is made trans. by means of ل. (M.) b2: [It commonly means One who holds, or professes, the religion of الإِسْلَام.] And one says, ↓ كَأَنَ كَافِرًا ثُمَّ هُوَاليَوْمَ مُسْلَمَةٌ [He was an unbeliever: then, to day, he has become a Muslim]. (M.) مَسْلَمَةٌ: see what next precedes.

المُسَلَّم is said to be used in the sense of ↓ المُسْتَلَم in the saying of El-'Ajjáj, بَيْنَ الصَّفَا وَالكَعْبَةِ المُسَلَّممِ [Between Es-Safà and the Kaabeh of which the Black Stone is touched with the hand, or kissed: see 8]. (M.) مَسْلُومٌ: see سَلِيمٌ. b2: b3: Also A hide, or skin, tanned with [قَرَظ, or leaves of] the سَلَم. (S, M.) أَرْضٌ مَسْلُومَآءُ A land abounding with the trees called سَلَم. (M, K.) b2: Suh says, on the authority of AHn, that مَسْلُومَآءُ is a name for A collection of سَلَم; like مَشْيُوخَآءُ applied to “ many elders, or men advanced in age. ” (TA.) المُسْتَلَم: see المُسَلَّم. b2: مُسْتَلَمُ القَدَمَيْنِ meansA man soft, or tender, in the feet. (TA.)