برق

1 بَرَقَ, (S, Mgh, K,) aor. ـُ (S, Mgh,) inf. n. بُرُوقٌ, (S,) or بَرِيقٌ, (Mgh, K,) or this is a simple subst., (S,) and بَرْقٌ and بَرَقَانٌ (K, TA, but in the CK بُرُوقٌ, as in the S,) It (a thing, Mgh, K, a sword, &c., S and the dawn, K, TA) shone, gleamed, or glistened. (S, Mgh, K, TA.) b2: Also said of a cloud, aor. as above, inf. n. بَرِيقٌ and بَرْقً and بَرَقَانٌ, It gleamed or shone [with lightning]; and so ↓ ابرق, (JK,) and ↓ تبرّق. (K in art. حلج.) And بَرَقَتِ السَّمَآءُ, (S, Msb, K,) aor. as above, (Msb, TA,) inf. n. بَرَقَانٌ (As, S, Msb, K) and بَرْقٌ (Msb, TA) and بُرُوقٌ, (K,) The sky lightened; (Msb, K;) as also ↓ ابرقت: (AO, AA, K:) or gleamed or shone [with lightning]: (S, K:) or lightened much before rain; as also ↓ ابرقت. (TA in art. رعد.) And بَرَقَ البَرْقُ The lightning appeared. (K.) b3: And [hence] said of a man, (JK, Msb, K,) or رَعَدَ وَبَرَقَ, (S,) (tropical:) He threatened; (JK, S, K;) or he threatened with evil; (Msb;) [or he threatened and menaced;] or he frightened (S and K in art. رعد) and threatened; (S in that art.;) and ↓ ابرق signifies the same; (JK, Msb, K;) and so أَرْعَدَ وَ أَبْرَقَ: (K:) or, accord. to As, ارعد and ابرق are not allowable. (TA, and S in art. رعد, q. v.) But بَرَقَتْ, inf. n. بَرْقٌ, said of a woman, (K,) or رَعَدَتْ وَ بَرَقَتْ, (S,) means (tropical:) She beautified (S and A in art. رعد, and K) and adorned herself, (S, K,) [as also ↓ تبرّقت, (occurring in the K in art. الق, coupled with its syn. تَزَيَّنَت,)] and showed, or presented, herself, (A in art. رعد, and TA,) لِى to me: (A in art. رعد:) or she exhibited her beauty intentionally: (TA:) and ↓ برّقت means the same, (Lh, K,) inf. n. تَبْرِيقٌ; (TA;) and so ↓ ابرقت: (K:) you say, بِوَجْهِهَا وَسَائِرِ جِسْمِهَا ↓ ابرقت (tropical:) She beautified herself in her face and the rest of her person: (Lh, TA:) and عَنْ وَجْهِهَا ↓ ابرقت (tropical:) She showed her face. (JK, Ibn-'Abbád, K.) b4: Also, said of a star, or an asterism, It rose. (Lh, K.) One says, لَا أَفْعَلُهُ مَا بَرَقَ النَّجْمُ فِى السَّمَآءِ I will not do it as long as the star, or asterism, [by which may be meant the asterism of the Pleiades,] rises in the sky. (Lh, TA.) b5: بَرَقَ البَصَرُ, (S,) or بَصَرُهُ, (K,) The eye or eyes, or his eye or eyes, glistened, (S, K,) being raised, or fixedly open: (S:) or became raised, or fixedly open: occurring in the Kur [lxxv. 7], accord. to one reading: (Fr, TA:) or the eye, or his eye, became open by reason of fright. (TA.) بَرِقَ has a different meaning, which see below. (S.) b6: بَرَقَتْ, said of a she-camel, She put her tail between her thighs, making it to cleave to her belly, without being pregnant: (IAar, TA:) or she raised her tail, and feigned herself pregnant, not being so; as also ↓ ابرقت, (Lh, S, K,) and ابرقت بِذَنبِهَا: (TA:) or ابرقت signifies she smote with her tail at one time upon her vulva and another time upon her buttocks; and also, she feigned herself pregnant, not being so. (JK.) b7: بَرِقَ He feared, so that he was astonished or amazed or stupified, at seeing the gleam of lightning: (TA voce بَحِرَ:) or his (a man's) sight became confused in consequence of his looking at lightning. (Bd in lxxv. 7.) And hence, (Bd ibid.,) بَرِقَ البَصَرُ, (S, Bd,) or بَصَرُهُ, (K,) aor. ـَ (S, K;) and بَرَقَ, aor. ـُ (K;) or the latter has [only] a meaning explained above; (S;) inf. n. بَرَقٌ, which is of the former verb; (S;) accord. to the K, بَرْقٌ; but this is wrong; (TA;) and [of the latter verb,] بُرُوقٌ; (Lh, K;) The eye or eyes, or his eye or eyes, became dazzled, so as not to close, or move, the lid, or lids: (S, K:) or became confused, so as not to see. (K.) بَرِقَ بَصَرُهُ signifies also His eye or eyes, or his sight, became weak: whence بَرِقَتْ قَدَمَاهُ His two feet became weak. (TA.) Also بَرِقَ alone, (TA,) inf. n. بَرَقٌ, (Fr, K, TA,) He (a man, TA) was frightened; or he feared, or was afraid: (Fr, K, TA:) and he became confounded, or perplexed, and unable to see his right course. (K.) b8: بَرِقَ said of a skin, aor. ـَ (JK, K,) inf. n. بَرَقٌ, (JK,) so in the O, in which, as in the K, the part. n., being بَرِقٌ, indicates that the verb is like فَرِحَ; (TA;) and بَرَقَ, (K,) so in the L, (TA,) aor. ـُ (K,) inf. n. بَرْقٌ and بُرُوقٌ; thus in the L, which indicates that the verb is like نَصَرَ; (TA;) It became affected by the heat so that its butter melted and became decomposed, (As, JK, K,) and did not become compact. (K.) A2: بَرَقَ طَعَامًا, (JK,) or بَرَقَهُ بِزَيْتٍ أَوْ سَمْنٍ (S, K,) aor. ـُ (JK,) inf. n. بَرْقٌ (JK, S) and بُرُوقٌ, (L,) He poured upon the food, (JK,) or put into it, (S, * K,) somewhat, (JK,) or a small quantity, (S, K,) of olive-oil (JK, S, K) or of clarified butter. (S, K.) And بَرَقْتُ لَهُ I made his food [somewhat] greasy for him with clarified butter. (TA.) And أُبْرُقُوا المَآءِ بِزَيْتٍ Pour ye upon the water a little olive-oil. (S.) A3: بَرِقَتِ الغَنَمُ, aor. ـَ (S, K,) inf. n. بَرَقٌ, (S,) The sheep, or goats, had a complaint in their bellies from eating the بَرْوَق: (S, K:) and in like manner, الإِبِلُ the camels. (TA.) 2 برّق بِعَيْنَيْهِ, (JK,) or برّق بَصَرَهُ, (TA,) He glistened with his eyes by reason of looking hard, or intently. (JK, TA. *) And برّق عَيْنَيْهِ, inf. n. تَبْرِيقٌ, He opened his eyes wide, and looked sharply, or intently. (Lth, S, K.) b2: برّقت, said of a woman: see 1. b3: And برّق He decorated, or adorned, his place of abode. (El-Muärrij, K.) b4: بَرَّقْتَ وَ عَرَّقْتَ Thou madest a sign with a thing, that had nothing to verify it, [app. meaning thou madest a false display, or a vain promise,] and didst little (IAar.) b5: Also برّق, (inf. n. as above, TA,) He (a man) journeyed far. (El-Muärrij K.) b6: برّق فِى المَعَاصِى He persisted, or persevered, in acts of disobedience. (El-Muärrij, K.) b7: برّق بِىَ الأَمْرُ The affair was unattainable, or impracticable, to me. (K.) 4 أَبْرَقَ see 1, in eight places. b2: ابرق, (Aboo-Nasr, S, K,) or ابرق بِسَيْفِهِ, (JK,) said of a man, (Aboo-Nasr, JK, S,) He made a sign with his sword [by waving it about so as to make it glisten]. (Aboo-Nasr, JK, S, K.) b3: And ابرق He betook himself, or directed his course, towards the lightning. (TA.) b4: He entered into [a tract wherein was] lightning. (TA.) b5: He saw lightning. (TA.) Tufeyl uses the phrase أَبْرَقْنَ الخَرِيفَ as meaning They (women borne in vehicles upon camels) saw the lightning of [the season, or the rain, called] the خريف. (AAF, TA.) b6: He was smitten, or assailed, or affected, by lightning. (S, K.) A2: ابرقهُ الفَزَعُ [app. Fright, or fear, made him to be confounded, or perplexed, and unable to see his right way: see بَرِقَ]. (TA.) b2: [And hence, perhaps,] ابرق الصَّيْدَ He roused the game, or chase. (K.) 5 تَبَرَّقَ see 1, in two places.10 استبرق It (a place, and the horizon,) shone, or gleamed, with lightning. (TA.) بَرْقٌ [Lightning;] what gleams in the clouds, (TA,) or, from the clouds; from بَرَقَ [in the first of the senses explained above], said of a thing, inf. n. [بَرْقٌ and] بَرِيقٌ: (Bd in ii. 18:) or an angel's smiting the clouds, and putting them in motion, in order that they may become propelled, so that thou seest the fires [issue from them]: (Mujáhid, K:) or a whip of light with which the angel drives the clouds: (I'Ab, TA:) sing. of بُرُوقٌ, i. e., of the بروق of the clouds: (S, K:) or it has no pl., being originally an inf. n. (Bd ubi suprà.) بَرْقُ الخُلَّبِ and بَرْقُ خُلَّبٍ and بَرْقٌ خُلَّبٌ signify That [lightning] which is without rain. (S. [See also art. خلب)]

بُرْقٌ [Lizards of the species called] ضِبَاب, pl. of ضَبٌّ. (IAar, K.) It is app. pl. of بَرُوقٌ or of أَبْرَقُ: more probably, I think, of the former; from the raising of the tail, which is a habit of those lizards.]

A2: See also بُرْقَةٌ.

بَرَقٌ A lamb; syn. حَمَلٌ [q. v.]: (S, K:) a Persian word, (S,) arabicized; (S, K;) originally بَرَهْ: (K:) pl. [of mult.] بُرْقَانٌ (S, K) and بِرْقَانٌ and [of pauc.] أَبْرَاقٌ. (K.) بَرِقٌ [part. n. of بَرِقَ: and particularly explained as meaning] A skin affected by the heat so that its butter melts and becomes decomposed, (JK, O, K,) and does not become compact. (K.) بَرْقَةٌ [app. an inf. n. of un., signifying A flash of lightning]. (M, TA in art. وبص.) A2: A fit of confusion, or perplexity, affecting one in such a manner that he is unable to see his right course. (K, * TA.) بُرْقَةٌ A quantity of lightning: (Bd in xxiv. 43, TA:) pl. ↓ بُرْقٌ; (TA;) or [this is a coll. gen. n., of which the former is the n. un.; or, probably, it is a mistranscription, and] the pl. is بُرَقٌ, also pronounced بُرُقٌ. (Bd ubi suprà.) A2: Rugged ground in which are stones and sand and earth mixed together, (S, K, TA,) the stones thereof mostly white, but some being red, and black, and the earth white and of a whitish dust-colour, and sometimes by its side are meadows (رَوْض); (TA;) as also ↓ أَبْرَقُ and ↓ بَرْقَآءُ: (S, K, TA:) or a portion of such land (أَرْض) as is termed ↓ بَرْقَآءُ, which consists of tracts containing black stones mixed with white sand, and which, when spacious, is termed ↓ أَبْرَقُ: (JK:) [and] a mountain mixed with sand; as also ↓ أَبْرَقُ: (IAar, TA:) the pl. of بُرْقَةٌ is بُرَقٌ (K, TA) and بِرَاقٌ; (JK, S;) and that of ↓ ابرق is أَبَارِقُ, (JK, S, K,) after the manner of a subst., because the quality of a subst. is predominant in it; (TA;) and that of ↓ برقآء is بَرْقَاوَاتٌ. (As, IAar, S, K.) The بُرَق of the country of the Arabs are more than a hundred; and are distinguished by particular adjuncts, as بُرْقَةٌ الأَثْمَادِ and بُرْقَةُ الأَجَاوِلِ &c. (K.) One says قُنْفُذُ بُرْقَةٍ [A hedge-hog of a برقة], like as one says ضَبُّ كُدْيَةِ (S) b2: [The colour denoted by the epithet أَبْرَقُ: in a mountain, a mixture of blackness and whiteness: see حَقْبَآءُ, voce أَحْقَبُ.]

A3: Paucity of grease or gravy (JK, TA) in food. (TA.) بُرْقَانٌ Shining much in the body: (JK, K:) applied to man. (JK.) A2: Locusts when they become yellow, and have variegated stripes or streaks: (JK:) or locusts that are variegated (K TA) with white and black: (TA:) [a coll. gen. n.:] n. un. with ة. (K.) b2: [See also بَرَقٌ of which it is a pl.]

بُرْقُوقٌ, (K,) with damm, (TA,) [vulg. بَرْقُوق, The plum; or] small إِجَّاص [or plums]; (K;) known in Syria by the name of جابزك: (TA:) and (as some say, TA) the مِشْمِش [or apricot]: a post-classical word [probably arabicized from the Persian بَرْقُوقْ, which is applied to both the fruits above mentioned]. (K.) البُرَاقُ A certain beast which Mohammad rode on the night of the ascension [to heaven]; (S, Msb, * K;) or which the apostles ride in ascending to heaven; resembling a mule; (Msb;;) or less than the mule, but greater than the ass: (K:) so called because of the intense whiteness of his hue, and his great brightness; or because of the quickness of his motion; in respect of both of which he is likened to lightning. (TA.) بَرُوقٌ a she-camel raising her tail, and feigning herself pregnant, not being so; as also ↓ مُبْرِقُ: (S, K:) and ↓ بَارِقٌ a she-camel Putting her tail between her thighs, making it to cleave to her belly, not being pregnant: (IAar, TA:) pl. of the first بُرْقٌ (TA;) and of the second مَبَارِيقُ. (S, K.) The Arabs say, دَعْنِى مِنْ تَكْذَابِكَ وَ تَأْثَامِكَ شَوَلَانَ البَرُوقِ [Let me alone and cease from they lying and thy sin like the she-camel's raising of her tail and feigning herself pregnant when she is not so]: شولان being in the accus. case as an inf. n. : i. e., thou art in the predicament of the she-camel that raises her tail so as to make one imagine her to be pregnant when she is not so. (TA.) The pl. بُرْقٌ is also applied to scorpions, as meaning Raising their tails like the she-camel termed بروق (TA.) b2: Also, applied to a man, Fearful, or timid; (JK;) or cowardly. (TA.) بَروَقٌ A certain kind of plant (JK, S) which camels do not feed upon except in cases of necessity; (JK;) a small, feeble tree, which, when the sky becomes clouded, grows green: (K:) n. un. witIh ة: (S, K:) it was described by an Arab of the desert to AHn as follows: a feeble, juicy plant, having slender branches, at the heads of which are small envelopes (قَمَاعِيلُ صِغَارٌ) like chick-peas, in which is a kind of black grain: its feebleness is such that it withers on the spot when the sun becomes hot upon it: and nothing feeds upon it; but men, when they are afflicted with dearth, or drought, express from it a bitter juice, then work it together, or knead it, with هَبِيد [or colocynths, or the pulp, or seeds, thereof], or some other thing, and eat it; but it is not eaten alone, because it occasions excitement: it is one of the plants that are plentiful in time of drought and scarce in time of fruitfulness; when copious rain falls upon it, it dies; and when we see it to have become abundant, and coarse, or rough, we fear drought: accord. to another of the Arabs of the desert, the بَرْوَقَة is a bad kind of herb, or leguminous plant, that grows among the first of the herbs, or leguminous plants: it has a reed like the سباط [so I render لها قصبة مثل السباط, but I thing that the right reading is, لَهَا قُضُبٌ مِثْلُ السِّيَاطِ it has twigs like whips, agreeably with the description next preceding, in which it is said to have slender branches,] and a black fruit, or produce. (TA.) Hence, أَشْكَرُ مِنْ بَرْوَقَةٍ [More grateful than a barwakah]; (S, K;) because it grows green when it sees the clouds, (S,) or by means of the least moisture falling from the sky: (TA:) a prove. (S.) And أَضْعَفُ مِنْ بَرْوَقَةٍ [Weaker than a barwakah]. (TA.) بَرِيقٌ [accord. to the Mgh and K an inf. n. of بَرَقَ, but accord. to the S a simple subst.,] A shining, gleaming, glistening, glitter, lustre, brilliancy, or splendour. (S, K, TA.) بَرِيقَةٌ Milk upon which is poured a little grease or clarified butter: (ISK, S, K:) or food in which is milk: and such as has a little clarified butter, and grease, put into it: (TA:) or food that has a little olive-oil poured upon it: (JK:) or condiment in which is put a little olive-oil or grease: (L:) pl. بَرَائِقُ; (JK, S, L, K;) with which ↓ تَبَارِيقُ [pl. of ↓ تَبْروقٌ] is syn., (L, TA,) applied to food (S, TA) in which is put a little olive-oil or clarified butter: (S:) or ↓ تَبْروقٌ signifies the grease in a cooking-pot: and water with a little olive-oil poured upon it: and ↓ تَبَارِيقُ is its pl. (JK.) بَرَّاقٌ Shining, gleaming, or glistening, much, or intensely. (TA.) See also إِبْرِيقٌ, and بَارِقٌ b2: فَتًى بَرَّاقُ الثَّنَايَا A young man whose middle pairs of teeth are beautiful and bright, glistening, when he smiles, like lightning: meant to imply cheerfulness of countenance. (TA.) b3: بَرَّاقَةٌ A woman characterized by beauty and splendour or brilliancy [of complexion or skin]: (K * TA:) or, as some say, who shows her beauty intentionally. (TA.) [See إِبْرِيقٌ.]

بَرْوَاقٌ A certain plant also called خُنْثَى [i. e. the asphodel, called by both these names in the present day]: the eating of its fresh, juicy stalk, boiled with olive-oil and vinegar, counteracts jaundice; and the smearing with its root, or lower part, removes the two kinds of بَهَق [q. v.]. (K.) بَارِقٌ Shining, gleaming, or glistening. (Mgh.) b2: Clouds (سَحَابٌ) having, or containing, [or emitting,] lightning. (S.) You say also سَحَابَةٌ بَارِقَةٌ[A cloud having, or emitting, lightning]: (S, TA:) and ↓ سحابة بَرَّاقَةٌ signifies the same [but in an intensive manner: see بَرَّاقٌ]. (TA.) b3: بَارِقَةٌ (tropical:) Swords: (S, K, TA:) so called because of their shining, or glistening: (TA:) pl. بَوَارِقُ; (JK, Ham p. 306;) applied to swords and other weapons. (Ham ubi suprà.) Hence the trad. of 'Ammàr, الجَنَّةُ تَحْتَ البَارِقَةِ [Paradise is beneath the swords]; (JK, TA;) meaning, in warring in the cause of God. (JK.) You also say, رَأَيْتُ البَارِقَةَ meaning I saw the shining, or glistening, of the weapons. (Lh, TA.) b4: See also بَرُوقٌ.

بَوْرَقٌ, (JK, Mgh,) with fet-h to the ب (Mgh,) or بُورَقٌ., with damm, (K,) A certain, thing, or substance, that is put into dough, (JK, Mgh, TA,) and causes it to become inflated; (Mgh;) or into flour; (TA voce بُورَكٌ;) [or this is a particular kind thereof, as appears from what follows: accord. to Golius, nitrum and aphronitrum: but] it is of four kinds; مَائِىٌّ [or the water-kind], and جَبَلِىٌّ [or the mountain-kind], and أَرْمَنِىٌّ [or Armenian], and مِصْرِىٌّ [or Egyptian], which is the نَطْرُون [q. v., i. e. natron]: (K:) the best thereof is the ارمنى; and this is said to be meant by the term when it is used absolutely: this is called also بورقُ الصَّاغَةِ [a term now applied to borax, as is بورق alone, and مِلْحُ الصَّاغَةِ], because it polishes silver well [or because of its use in soldering]: the dust-coloured kind thereof is called بورقُ الخَبَّازِينَ [the بورق of the bakers, or makers of bread]: the نطرون is the red kind thereof: and there is a kind thereof having an oily quality: and a kind consisting of thin butyraceous fragments; and this, if light and hard, is the إِفْرِيقِى: and the best thereof is that which is produced in Egypt: (TA:) bruised, or powdered, the belly is smeared with it, near to a fire, and it expels worms: and moistened with honey or with oil of jasmine, the male organs of generation are anointed with it, for it is excellent for the venereal faculty. (K.) A2: Also A man in whom one does not trust, or confide: pl. بَوَارِقُ. (JK.) بُورِقِىٌّ [or بَوْرَقِىٌّ] A seller of بُورَق [or بَوْرَق]. (TA.) أَبْرَقُ A rope (حَبْل) having two colours; (S, O;) twisted with a black strand and a white strand: (JK:) and in like manner, (JK,) a mountain (جَبَل, JK, K) in which are two colours, (K, TA,) black and white: (TA:) and (so in the S , but in the K “ or,”) anything having blackness and whiteness together. (S, K.) Yousay تَيْسٌ أَبْرَقٌ and عَنْزٌ بَرْقَآءُ [A black and white he-goat and she-goat]: (S, K:) and شَاةٌ بَرْقَآءُ a ewe whose white wool is cleft, or divided, by black flocks [or streaks]: (K:) أَبْرَقُ and بَرْقَآءُ applied to sheep or goats are like أَبْلَقُ and بَلْقَآءُ applied to beasts of the equine kind, and أَبْقَعُ and بَقْعَآءُ to dogs. (Lh, TA.) b2: بَرْقَآءُ is also a name given to An eye; (S, M;) because it has blackness and whiteness mingled in it: (M, TA:) dual بَرْقَاوَانِ. (TA.) And عَيْنٌ بَرْقَآءُ signifies An eye black in the iris, with whiteness [of the rest] of the bulb. (TA.) b3: رَوْضَةٌ بَرْقآءُ A meadorc, or garden, in which are two colours. (TA.) b4: See also بُرْقَةٌ.

in seven places. b5: أَبْرَقُ also signifies A certain bird. (Tekmileh, K.) b6: And [the pl.] بُرْقٌ is used as a name for The [locusts, or crickets, termed] جَنَادِب. (IB, TA.) A2: Also A certain Persian medicine, good for the memory. (Sgh, K.) إِبْرِيقٌ a Persian word, (S, Msb,) arabicized, (S, Msb, K,) originally آبْ رِيزْ (CK [in a MS. copy of the K and in the TA, incorrectly, آب رِي]) [A ewer, such as is used for wine, and also such as is used for water to be poured on the hands; each having a long and slender spout, and a handle;] a well-known vessel; (TA;) a vessel having a spout (Mgh, and Bd and Jel in lvi. 18) and a handle: (Bd and Jel ibid:) accord. to Kr, a كُوز; and so says AHn in one place; but in another he says that it is like a كوز: (TA:) [it is somewhat like a كوز with the addition of a spout:] pl. أَبَارِيقُ (S, Msb) [and sometimes أَبَارِقَةٌ].

A2: A sword such as is termed ↓ بَرَّاق; (K;) i. e. (TA) a sword that shines, gleams, or glistens, much, or intensely: (S, Kr:) or simply a sword: or, as some say, a bow: (JK:) or it signifies also a bow in which are تَلَامِيع [or places differing in colour from the rest, and, app., glistening]: (K:) thus, accord. to Az, in a verse of ' Amr Ibn-Ahmar: but correctly, accord. to Sgh, it has there the first of the significations explained in this sentence: and it is said, also, that سَيْفٌ إِبْرِيقٌ signifies a sword having much lustre, and much diversified with wavy marks or streaks, or in its grain. (TA.) b2: A woman who is beautiful, and splendid, or brilliant, (Lh, JK, K, TA,) in colour [or complexion]: (Lh, TA:) or, as some say, who shows her beauty intentionally. (TA.) [See also بَرَّاقَةٌ (voce بَرَّاقٌ).]

أُبَيْرِقٌ dim. of إِسْتَبْرَقٌ, q. v. (S, K.) إِسْتَبْرَقٌ, (IDrd, S, K, &c.,] sometimes with the conjunctive ا, (TA,) Thick دِيبَاج [or silk brocade]: (Ed-Dahhak, S, K, and so Bd and Jel in xviii. 30, &c.:) or ديباج made [or interwoven] with gold: (K:) or closely-woven, thick, beautiful ديباج made [or interwoven] with gold: (TA:) or closely-woven cloths, or garments, of silk, like ديباج: (IDrd, K:) or thick silk: (IAth, TA:) or a red thong cut from an untanned skin (قِدَّةٌ حَمْرَآءُ), as though it were [composed of] pieces of bow-strings, or chords: (Ibn-' Abbád, K:) it is an arabicized word, (IDrd, S, K,) form إِسْتَرْوَهٌ, (IDrd, K,) which is Syriac; (IDrd, TA;) or from the Persian, (S, TA,) in which سِتَبْر and إِسْتَبْر signify

“ thick,” absolutely, whence سِتَبْرَهْ and إِسْتَبْرَهْ are particularly applied to signify “ thick ديباج, and then the latter is arabicized by substituting ق for the ه: so says Esh-Shiháb El-Khafájee: or the ا and س and ت are augmentative, and it is mentioned in the present art. in the S and K as though this were the case, agreeably with the form of its dim., which is said by J and in the K to be ↓ أُبَيْرِقٌ; for in forming the dim., a word is reduced to its root. (TA.) تَبْروقٌ; pl. تَبَارِيقُ: see بَرِيقَةٌ, in four places.

مَبْرَقٌ [A shining, gleaming, or glistening: or a time thereof]. You say, جَاءَ عِنْدَ مَبْرَقِ الصُّبْحِ [He came at the shining, &c., or at the time of the shining, &c., of the dawn; or] when the dawn shone, or gleamed, or glistened. (K, TA. [In the latter, مبرق is said to be here a meemee inf. n.]) مُبْرِقٌ: see بَرُوقٌ.

سحق

1 سَحَقَهُ, (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) aor. ـَ (Msb, K) inf. n. سَحْقٌ, (Msb,) He bruised, brayed, or pounded, it; syn. دَقَّهُ; (Mgh, K;) namely, a thing, (S, TA,) or medicine: (Mgh, Msb:) or i. q. سَهَكَهُ [app. as meaning he bruised, brayed, or pounded, it coarsely; but see this latter verb]: (S, K:) or it signifies [he did so in a degree] less than what is meant by دَقَّهُ: (Lth, K:) or [he powdered, or pulverized, it; i. e.] he bruised, brayed, or pounded, it finely: or he bruised, brayed, or pounded, it time after time. (TA.) b2: [Hence,] سَحَقَتِ الرِّيحُ الأَرْضَ, (K,) aor. and inf. n. as above, (TA,) (tropical:) The wind effaced the traces of the ground, (K, TA,) and carried away the broken particles [that were upon it]: (M, TA:) or passed along as though it were bruising, or braying, or pounding, (كَأَنَّهَا تَسْحَقُ,) the dust: (O, K:) or pared, or abraded, the surface of the earth by its vehement blowing; as also سَهَكَتْهَا [q. v.]. (T, A, TA.) b3: And سَحَقَهُ, (K, TA,) aor. and inf. n. as above, (TA,) (tropical:) He wore it out; namely, a garment. (K, TA.) And سَحَقَهُ مَرُّ الزَّمَانِ (assumed tropical:) The course of time rendered it (a garment) thin and worn out. (O, TA.) And سَحَقَهُ البِلَا (assumed tropical:) [Wear wasted it]; namely, a garment. (TA.) b4: Also He, or it, rendered it soft, or smooth; namely, a hard thing. (K.) b5: and (assumed tropical:) He destroyed it; and so ↓ اسحقهُ. (Har p. 257-8.) b6: سَحَقَ القَمْلَةَ He killed the louse. (K.) b7: سَحَقَ رَأْسَهُ He shaved his head. (K.) b8: سَحَقَتِ العَيْنُ دَمْعَهَا The eye spent its tears; (K, TA;) shed them, or let them fall. (TA.) b9: See also 4.

A2: سَحُقَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. سُحُوقَةٌ, (assumed tropical:) It (a garment) was, or became, old, and worn out; (K;) [and so, app., سَحِقَ, inf. n., سَحَقٌ, accord. to a usage of this noun, in the Deewán el-Hudhaleeyeen, mentioned by Freytag, and agreeably with the phrase ثَوْبٌ سَحِقٌ, mentioned below;] as also ↓ اسحق, (Yaakoob, S, Msb, K,) inf. n. إِسْحَاقٌ. (Msb.) A3: سَحُقَ, (S, Msb, K,) aor. ـُ and سَحِقَ, aor. ـَ (K;) inf. n. سُحْقٌ (S, * Msb, * K) [and app. سُحُقٌ also]; It (a thing, S, or a place, Msb) was, or became, distant, or remote; (S, Msb, K;) as also ↓ اسحق, and ↓ انسحق. (TA.) سُحْقٌ and سُحُقٌ are both syn. with بُعْدٌ. (S, K.) One says, سُحْقًا لَهُ, (S, Msb,) a form of imprecation, (Msb,) meaning May God alienate him, or estrange him, from good, or prosperity! or curse him! i. e. may he not be pitied with respect to that which has befallen him! like بُعْدًا لَهُ: the most approved way is to put the noun thus in the accus. case as an inf. n.; but the tribe of Temeem say, بُعْدٌ لَهُ, and سُحْقٌ. (TA in art. بعد.) b2: سَحُقَتِ النَّخْلَةُ The palm-tree became tall: (K:) or tall with smoothness [of its trunk]. (TA.) A4: سَحَقَتِ الدَّابَّةُ, [inf. n. سَحْقٌ,] The beast ran vehemently: or ran a pace above that termed مَشْىٌ and below that termed حُضْرٌ, (K, TA,) agreeably with what is said in explanation of السَّحْقُ in the S: or below that termed حُضْرٌ and above that termed سَحْجٌ. (TA.) 3 مُسَاحَقَةُ النِّسَآءِ [meaning (tropical:) The mutual act, of women, indicated by the epithet سَحَّاقَةٌ (q. v.), as also ↓ تَسَاحُقٌ,] is post-classical: (T, TA:) such it is said to be. (Mgh.) 4 اسحقهُ: see 1. b2: Said of God, (S, TA,) He removed him far away, or alienated him, or estranged him, in a general sense, or from good, or prosperity; syn. أَبْعَدَهُ; (S, O, K, TA; [accord. to the CK انسحقهُ, which is wrong;]) as also ↓ سَحَقَهُ: or, from his mercy. (TA.) A2: اسحق as intrans.: see 1, in two places. b2: Also, [in the CK, erroneously, انسحق,] said of a came's foot, It was, or became, smooth, with a degree of hardness; syn. مَرَنَ. (ISk, S, O, K.) b3: And said of an udder, It lost its milk, and became wasted, and clave to the belly: (ISk, S, O, K:) or it dried up: (As, TA:) or it went away; and wasted. (A'Obeyd, TA.) b4: And اسحقت الدَّلْوُ The bucket became empty of what was in it. (TA.) 6 تَسَاحُقٌ The act of rubbing together. (KL.) See also 3.7 انسحق [It was, or became, bruised, brayed, or pounded: &c.:] quasi-pass. of سَحَقَهُ as expl. in the first sentence of this art. (S, O, K.) b2: Said of a garment, It was, or became, [worn out; or thin and worn out; (see 1;) or] threadbare, or napless, while new. (TA.) b3: And [said of a place,] It was wide, or ample. (O, K.) b4: See also 1. b5: انسحق الدَّمْعُ The tears were shed. (TA.) سَحْقٌ An old and worn-out garment, (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K,) that has become thin, (O,) and threadbare; (Ham p. 591;) also used as a prefixed noun, (Mgh, Msb,) so that you say سَحْقُ ثَوْبٍ [meaning as above], (Mgh,) and سَحْقُ بُرْدٍ [an old and worn-out بُرْد], and سَحْقُ عِمَامَةٍ [an old and worn-out turban]: (Mgh, Msb:) and one says ثَوْبٌ سَحْقٌ, [using it as an epithet,] (O, TA,) and ↓ ثَوْبٌ سَحِقٌ, (Har p. 258, [but for this I have found no other authority, and it may be a mistranscription,]) and ↓ ثَوْبٌ مُنْسَحِقٌ likewise signifies an old and worn-out garment: (TA:) سَحْقٌ applied to a garment is an inf. n. used as a subst.: (O, TA:) the pl. is سُحُوقٌ. (TA.) Hence one says سَحْقُ دِرْهَمٍ, meaning (tropical:) A [bad] dirhem [or] such as is termed زَائِفٌ. (Mgh.) b2: Also A pastor's bag (كِنْفٌ): so in a verse cited voce خُفٌّ. (S in art. خف.) b3: And (tropical:) Thin clouds: (K:) likened to an old and worn-out garment. (TA.) b4: And The mark, or scar, of a gall, or sore, on the back of a camel, when it has healed, and the place thereof has become white: (TA:) [like سَلْقٌ and سَلَقٌ.]

سَحِقٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

سُحْقَةٌ Baldness: of the dial. of El-Yemen. (Freytag, from IDrd.)]

سَحُوقٌ Tall; applied to a palm-tree; (S, Msb, K;) as also سُيْحُوقٌ; (S;) and to a he-ass and to a she-ass; (S, K) and by some, metaphorically, to a woman; (TA;) and ↓ سَوْحَقٌ signifies the same, (K,) applied to a man; (TA;) and الرِّجْلَيْنِ ↓ سَوْحَقُ long in respect of the legs: (IB:) or سَحُوقٌ applied to a palm-tree signifies tall so that its fruit is far above the gatherer; As says, I know not whether that be with a bending: or, accord. to Sh, so applied, smooth and tall, having no stumps of the branches remaining [upon the trunk]; and to such the neck of a horse is likened by a poet: and applied to a he-ass and to a she-ass, tall, and advanced in age: (TA:) pl. سُحُقٌ, (S, O, Msb,) like رُسُلٌ, (Msb,) or سُحْقٌ. (So in the K.) One says also جَنَّةٌ سُحُقٌ, meaning A garden of tall palm-trees. (TA.) سَحِيقٌ Bruised, brayed, or pounded: (Mgh:) [&c.: (see 1, first sentence:)] i. q. ↓ مَسْحُوقٌ: (O:) applied to musk; (Mgh, O;) and to saffron. (Mgh in art. ورس.) b2: and Distant; remote; (S, Msb, K;) applied to a thing, (S,) or to a place; (Msb, K;) as also ↓ أَسْحَقُ; (IB, TA;) and ↓ سَاحِقٌ in the same sense, applied to a place, is allowed in poetry. (TA.) One says, إِنَّهُ لَبَعِيدٌ سَحِيقٌ [app. meaning Verily he, or it, is very distant or remote]. (TA.) سَحِيقَةٌ A great rain that sweeps away that along which it passes: (K:) or, accord. to As, سَحِيفَةٌ, with ف, has this meaning; and the former word signifies a vehement rain, consisting of large drops, (TA in the present art.,) but of little width: pls.سَحَائِقُ and سَحَائِفُ. (TA in art. سحف.) سَحَّاقَةٌ [Fricatrix; quæ confrictu libidinem alterius explet: (Golius, from Meyd:)] an epithet of evil import, applied to a woman: (O, K:) pl. سَحَّاقَاتٌ: of such it is said that they are cursed by God. (Mgh.) سَاحِقٌ: see سَحِيقٌ. b2: You say also سُحْقٌ سَاحِقٌ, meaning Great distance or remoteness. (TA.) سَوْحَقٌ: see سَحُوقٌ, in two places.

أَسْحَقُ: see سَحِيقٌ. b2: [Also Bald: of the dial. of El-Yemen. (Freytag, from IDrd.)]

مِسْحَقٌ An instrument with which one bruises, brays, or pounds: &c.: (يُسْحَقُ بِهِ:) [see 1, first sentence.] (TA.) مَسْحُوقٌ: see سَحِيقٌ.

مُنْسَحِقٌ: see سَحْقٌ. b2: Also Wide, or ample. (TA.) b3: دَمْعٌ مُنْسَحِقٌ Tears pouring forth; syn. مُنْدَفِقٌ: (Lth, Az, TA:) in the K, مُنْدَفِعٌ: (TA:) pl. مَسَاحِيقُ, which is extr.; (K;) like مَكَاسِيرُ, pl. of مُنْكَسِرٌ. (TA.)

فدم

1 فَدَمْتُ عَلَى فِيِه بِالغِدَامِ, [aor. ـِ inf. n. فَدْمٌ, I covered his, or its, mouth with the فِدَام [q. v.]: (S:) or فَدَمَ فَاهُ, and عَلَى فِيهِ, aor. ـِ and ↓ فدّم, (M, K, TA,) inf. n. تَفْدِيمٌ; (TA;) he put the فِدَام upon his, or its, mouth: (M, K:) [app. used in relation to a man and also to an إِبْرِيق or other vessel: but the latter verb, and as trans. without a particle, seems to be more commonly used in relation to both:] one says of Persians or other foreigners, and of Magians, on the occasion of their giving to drink, أَفْوَاهَهُمْ ↓ فَدَّمُوا They bound the فَدَّام upon their mouths: (T:) and ↓ فدّم الإِبْرِيقَ, (M, K,) inf. n. تَفْدِيمٌ, (K,) He put the فِدَام upon the mouth of the ابريق. (M, K. *) A2: فَدُمَ, (T, M, K,) inf. n. فَدَامَةٌ (T, S, M, Msb, K) and فُدُومَةٌ, (S, M, Msb, K,) He was or became, such as is termed فَدْم [q. v.]; or he was or became, heavy, sluggish, or dull; and confounded, or perplexed, and unable to see his right course. (TA.) 2 فَدَّمَ see the preceding paragraph, in three places. One says also, فدّم البَعِيرَ, meaning He bound upon the camel's mouth the فِدَامَة, (M,) which means the غِمَامَة [q. v.]. (TA.) فَدْمٌ Impotent (T, S, M, K) in speech, (T, M, K,) and in adducing an argument; (T, M;) [as though his mouth were covered with a فِدَام, for it is said in the S to be from فَدَمْتُ عَلَى فِيهِ بِالفِدَامِ;] heavy, sluggish, or dull; (S;) or with heaviness, sluggishness, or dulness, and softness, and paucity of understanding: (M, K:) or unintelligent: (Msb:) and thick; (M, K;) fat; (M;) foolish, or stupid; rough, rude, or uncivil: (M, K:) accord. to IAar, the heavy, sluggish, or dull; as being likened to blood, which is thus called: (T:) and ثَدْمٌ is a dial. var. thereof, or, accord. to Yaakoob, the ث is a substitute for the ف: (M:) the fem. is with ة: (M, Msb, K:) and the pl. is فِدَامٌ [agreeably with analogy]. (M, K: in a copy of the T فُدُم [which I think a mistranscription].) b2: Also Heavy [and app. thick] blood: and, accord. to IAar, blood [itself]. (T.) b3: and A garment, or piece of cloth, (T, TA,) saturated with dye, (T,) or saturated with red dye by its being put again into the safflower time after time. (TA.) And Red that is saturated (M, K) with redness: (K:) or of which the redness is not intense. (Thus also in some copies of the K.) [See also مُفْدَمٌ.]

فَدَامٌ: see the next paragraph, in two places.

فِدَامٌ and ↓ فَدَامٌ and ↓ فَدَّامُ and ↓ فَدُّومٌ, (K,) or ↓ فَدَّامٌ [only], (S, T, M,) A thing which the Persians or other foreigners, (T, K,) and the Magians, (K,) bind upon their mouths on the occasion of their giving to drink; (T, K;) or a piece of cloth with which the Magian binds his mouth; (S;) or a sort of thing with which the Persians or other foreigners wipe [app. the mouth] when they give to drink; one of which is termed ↓ فَدَّامَةٌ. (M. [In the S it seems to be implied that this last word is syn. with فَدَّامٌ as expl. above.]) b2: Also, (K,) or the first, (T, S, M,) and also ↓ فَدَّامٌ, (S,) or and also ↓ فَدَامٌ, (M,) A strainer, or clarifier, (T, S, M, K,) for a mug and an إِبْرِيق and the like; (T;) a thing that is put in, or upon, the mouth of the ابريق, for the straining, or clarifying, of what is in it: (S, M: *) also called ثِدَامٌ. (M.) b3: And فِدَامٌ signifies also the same as عِمَامَةٌ: thus in copies of the K [and in a copy of the M]: but the former word is correctly ↓ فِدَامَةٌ [as is implied in one place in the M]; and the word by which it is explained is correctly غِمَامَهٌ, [as in some copies of the K,] meaning A thing that is put upon the mouth of the camel. (TA. [See 2: and see also the first paragraph of art. غم.]) فِدَامَةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

فَدَّامٌ: see فِدَامٌ, in three places.

فَدُّومٌ: see فِدَامٌ.

مُفْدَمٌ: n. un. of فَدَّامٌ: see فِدَامٌ, former half.

مُفْدَمُ: see مُفَدَّمُ. b2: Also A garment, or piece of cloth, saturated with red dye: (Sh, T, S, M, and some copies of the K:) or of which the redness is not intense. (M, and some copies of the K.) It is said in a trad. that he [the Prophet] disliked the مُفْدَمْ for the مُحْرَم, but saw no harm in the مُضَرَّج [q. v.]. (TA.) b3: Also Dye thick and saturated. (S.) b4: And ذُلُّ مُفْدُومٌ (tropical:) Deeplystained, intense, vileness or ignominy. (TA.) مُفَدَّمٌ (T, M, K) and ↓ مَفْدُومٌ (T) and ↓ مُفْدَمٌ (M, K) An إِبْرِيق [a vessel for wine] having a strainer, called فِدَام, (T, M, K,) in, or upon, its mouth: (M, K: *) and so مُثَدَّمٌ. (M.) It is said in a trad., إِنَّكُمْ مَدْعُوُّونَ يَوْمَ القِيَامَةِ مُفَدَّمَةً أَفْوَاهُكُمْ بِالفِدَامِ [Verily ye will be summoned on the day of resurrection having your mouths closed with the فدام]; meaning, ye will be withheld from speaking with your mouths, so that your skins will speak. (M.) مُفَدَّمَاتٌ [Vessels of the kinds called] أَبَارِيق and دِنَان [pls. of إِبْرِيقٌ and دَنُّ]. (S.) مَفْدُومٌ: see مُفَدَّم.

حرض

1 حَرِضَ, (S, Msb, K,) aor. ـَ (Msb, K,) inf. n. حَرَضٌ, (Msb,) His stomach became in a corrupt, or disordered, state: (K:) or he (a man) became in a corrupt, or disordered, state, and sick, or diseased, so as to defile himself in his clothes: [see حَرَضٌ, below:] or he became emaciated (lit. dissolved) by grief, or by excessive love: (S:) or he became at the point of death: (Msb:) and he suffered protracted disquietude of mind, and disease; as also حَرُضَ, aor. ـُ (K:) and حَرَضَ, aor. ـُ and حَرِضَ, inf. n. حُرُوضٌ (K) and حَرْضٌ, (TA,) he became heavily oppressed by disease; or constantly affected thereby so as to be at the point of death: (K:) or this last form of the verb signifies he died, or perished. (TA.) b2: [Hence, app.,] حَرُضَ, and حَرَضَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. حُرُوضٌ, as in the L; not حَرِضَ, as in the K (assumed tropical:) He was, or became, low, base, mean, or sordid; unable to rise from, or quit, his place; a signification given in the K to حَرِضَ: or low, base, mean, or sordid; possessing no good: (TA:) [but of the correctness of one of the two forms here mentioned on the authority of the L, the author of the TA expresses a bout: app. with respect to the latter of them; for it is said,] حَرُضَ, inf. n. حَرَاضَةٌ and حُرُوضَةٌ and حُرُوضٌ, also signifies he (a man, TA) was, or became, low, base, mean, or sordid, and bad, corrupt, or vicious, and neglected, or forsaken; (K, TA;) as also حَرِضَ. (K: but only the former, حَرُضَ, is given in this sense in the TA.) A2: حَرَضَ as a trans. v.: see 4, in two places.

A3: حَرِضَ, aor. ـَ also signifies He picked up from the ground إِحْرِيض [or safflower]. (O, K.) 2 حرّضهُ: see 4.

A2: Also, inf. n. تَحْرِيضٌ, He rendered him free from, or rid him of, حَرَض [q. v.]; like as قَذَّيْتُهُ signifies “ I rid him of what is termed قَذًى. ” (TA.) [Thus it bears two contr. significations.] b2: And, [hence, perhaps,] (ISd, A, &c.,) inf. n. as above, (S, ISd, A, &c.,) He excited, incited, urged, or instigated, him, (Zj, S, ISd, K,) and roused him to ardour, (S,) عَلَى

القِتَالِ to fight, (Zj, S,) or عَلَى الشَّىْءِ to do the thing, (A, * Msb,) in order that he might be known to be such as is termed حَارِض if he held back from it: (Zj:) so in the Kur [iv. 86 and] viii. 66: (Zj:) or he excited, incited, urged, or instigated, him to apply himself constantly, or perseveringly, to fight: (TA:) [see 3:] and عَلَى الشَّىْءِ ↓ أَحْرَضَهُ, inf. n. إِحْرَاضٌ, signifies the same as حرّضهُ. (TS.) A3: حرّض, inf. n. as above, He had a حُرْضَة, i. e., a person entrusted with the office of turning about, or shuffling, the gamingarrows of the players. (TS.) A4: He employed the portion of his property set apart for traffic in حُرْض [q. v.], (IAar, K,) i. e. أُشْنَان. (TA.) A5: He dyed a garment, or piece of cloth, with إِحْرِيض [q. v.]. (IAar, K.) 3 حارض, (Ibn-'Abbád,) inf. n. مُحَارَضَةٌ, (Ibn-'Abbád, K,) He contended with another in shuffling, or playing with, gaming-arrows. (Ibn-'Abbád, K.) [See حُرْضَةٌ.]

A2: حارض عَلَى العَمَلِ, (Lh,) inf. n. as above, (Lh, K,) He applied himself constantly, or perseveringly, to work: (Lh, K:) and على القِتَالِ to fight. (Lh.) 4 احرضهُ It (disease, A, TA) pressed heavily upon him; or clave to him constantly: it caused him to be at the point of death; as also ↓ حَرَضَهُ: it corrupted, or disordered, his body, so that he became on the brink of death. (TA: [in which this last signification is said to be tropical: but accord. to the A, it is evidently not so.]) It (food) caused him to be sick, or diseased. (A.) It (love, AO, S) corrupted, or disordered, him. (AO, S, K.) b2: (tropical:) He corrupted, vitiated, marred, or destroyed, it; namely, a thing; as also ↓ حرّضهُ: (A:) and he annulled it; rendered it null, or void. (TA.) You say also, نَفَْسَهُ ↓ حَرَضَ, aor. ـِ (K,) inf. n. حَرْضٌ, (TA,) (tropical:) He corrupted, or vitiated, or destroyed, himself, or his own soul: (K, * TA:) and احرض نَفْسَهُ (assumed tropical:) he destroyed himself, or his own soul, by telling a lie. (TA.) And سُوْءُ حَمْلِ الفَاقَةِ يُحْرِضُ الحَسَبَ, occurring in a saying of Aktham Ibn-Seyfee, means (assumed tropical:) The ill-bearing of poverty annuls the grounds of pretension to respect. (TA.) A2: احرضهُ عَلَى الشَّىْءِ: see 2.

A3: احرض (assumed tropical:) He (a man) begat evil offspring. (S, K.) حَرْضٌ: see حَرَضٌ, last sentence: A2: and see also what here follows.

حُرْضٌ, (Mgh,) or ↓ حُرُضٌ, (Msb,) or both, (S, K,) the former mentioned by Sb, but in some of the copies of his book written with fet-h (↓ حَرْضٌ), i. q. شَجَرُ الأُشْنَانِ [The trees, or plants, from which potash is obtained; the kind of plants called kali, or glasswort, &c.]; which are of the kind called نَجِيل: (Az, TA:) Aboo-Ziyád says that what is termed حُرْض is slender in the extremities (دُقَاقُ الأَطْرَافِ), but its tree is large, being sometimes used for shade, and affords firewood, and it is that with which people wash clothes; and he adds, we have not seen any حُرْض purer or whiter than some which grows in ElYemámeh, in a valley thereof called جَوُّ الخَضَارِمِ: (TA:) i. q. أُشْنَانٌ [q. v.]; (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K;) with which the hands are washed after food. (TA. [But see حَرَّاضٌ.]) So in the Kur [xii. 85], accord. to one reading, (K,) the reading of El-Hasan El-Basree, (Sgh,) ↓ حَتَّى تَكُونَ حُرُضًا, (Bd,) meaning Until thou be like اشنان in dryness; as explained in the K, except that نُحُولًا is there erroneously put for قُحُولًا: (TA:) but EsSuddee disapproved of this reading. (Sgh.) A2: Also حُرْضٌ, [and app. حُرُضٌ also,] i. q. جِصٌّ [or Gypsum]. (TA.) حَرَضٌ Corruptness in the body, and in the intellect, (Ibn-'Arafeh, A, K,) and (assumed tropical:) in one's course of conduct, or tenets. (Ibn-'Arafeh, K.) [See 1.]

A2: A man in a corrupt, or disordered, state, and sick, or diseased, (S, K,) so that he defiles himself (يُحْدِثُ [but in some copies of the S this word is omitted]) in his clothes; (S;) as also ↓ حَارِضَةٌ and ↓ حَارِضٌ and ↓ حَرِضٌ; (K;) ↓ which last also signifies a man having his stomach in a corrupt, or disordered, state; and suffering protracted disquietude of mind, and disease: (TA:) also the first, (حَرَضٌ,) weary, or fatigued: (K:) and at the point of death; (Msb, K;) as also ↓ حَاِرضٌ; (K;) which last also signifies one near to dying, or to perishing; and having his body corrupted, or disordered, by disease, so as to be at the point of death, and so ↓ حَرِضٌ; (TA;) and [in like manner] ↓ مُحْرَضٌ signifies dying, or perishing, from disease, being neither living so as to be an object of hope, nor dead so as to be an object of despair: (T, TA:) حَرَضٌ also signifies emaciated (lit. dissolved) by grief, or by excessive love; (AA accord. to the S, or AO accord. to the TA, and K;) as also ↓ مُحْرَضٌ, (S,) or ↓ مُحَرَّضٌ: (K:) and heavily oppressed by disease; or constantly affected thereby so as to be at the point of death: so in the Kur xii. 85: (K:) [in the CK, حَرَضًا is her erroneously put for مَرَضًا:] or it there signifies heavily pressed upon by disease; or affected by constant disease: (Az:) or extremely aged; or old and weak: (Katádeh:) and anything withering: (TA:) [the following observation, which is inserted in the S after the first of the significations here given of حَرَضٌ used as an epithet, and in the K after a later signification which is said to be tropical, applies to it, when so used, in all its senses:] it is employed alike as sing. as pl. (Fr, S, K) and masc. (Fr) and fem.; (Fr, K;) being originally an inf. n.: (Fr, Msb:) or, like every inf. n. used as an epithet, it is for ذُو followed by the inf. n., and therefore has no dual nor pl. form: (Zj:) but some of the Arabs use ↓ حَارِضٌ as an epithet applied to a male, and ↓ حَارِضَةٌ as applied to a female; and these have duals and pls.: (Fr:) and sometimes حَرَضٌ has pls.; namely

أَحْرَاضٌ; (K;) which is also pl. of حَرِضٌ and of حَارِضٌ; or, accord. to the L, it is allowable as a pl. of حَرِضٌ, in the place of the more common pl. حَرِضُونَ; (TA;) and ↓ حُرْضَانِ; (K;) which is more approved; (TA;) and حَرِضَةٌ. (K: [this last being expressly said in the TA to be thus written, but in the CK it is written حَرَضَة.]) b2: Also, applied to a man, (A,) (tropical:) Possessing no good; (A, K;) like ↓ حَارِضَةٌ, (TA,) which latter is explained by As as signifying a man in whom is no good: (T, TA:) or the former, one whose good is not hoped for, nor his evil feared: (K:) and a bad man: (K:) and low, base, mean, or sordid; unable to rise from, or quit, his place; as also ↓ حَرِيضٌ and ↓ حَرِضٌ and ↓ مُحَرَّضٌ, (K, [this last, in the CK, written مُحَرِّض,]) or ↓ مُحْرَضٌ, (TA,) and ↓ إِحْرِيضٌ: (K:) or low, base, mean, or sordid; in whom is no good: (TA:) and [in like manner] ↓ حَارِضٌ signifies bad, corrupt, or vitious, and neglected, or forsaken; (K;) and so ↓ مَحْرُوضٌ, (TA,) and ↓ حِرْضَةٌ, of which the pl. is حِرَضٌ; (TA;) ↓ مَحْرُوضٌ also signifying made, or asserted, to be low, base, mean, or sordid; (K, TA;) and so ↓ حَارِضٌ, and ↓ حِرْضَةٌ; and this last signifying also having in him no good: (TA:) and حَرَضٌ likewise signifies one who does not take to himself arms, nor fight: (Lth, K:) its pl. is أَحْرَاضٌ (A, TA) and ↓ حُرْضَانٌ: (TA:) both these pls. signify weak men, who will not fight: (S:) and the former of them is explained as signifying the lowest, basest, or meanest, sort of mankind: and men corrupt in their course of conduct, or tenets: also the latter of them as signifying men who know not the place of their chief: and ↓ حَارِضٌ, of which the fem. is with ة, signifies a stupid man. (TA.) b3: Also, applied to a she-camel, Lean, or emaciated: (K, TA:) and ↓ حُرْضَانٌ, so applied, vile: and perishing, or dying; in which sense it is likewise applied to a male camel. (TA.) b4: Also, applied to language, or speech, (assumed tropical:) Bad; (K;) and so, by poetic license, ↓ حَرْضٌ; or this, accord. to Sgh, is a dial. var.: (L, TA:) and perishing: pl. أَحْرَاضٌ. (TA.) حَرِضٌ: see حَرَضٌ, in three places, near the beginning: b2: and again in the latter half of the paragraph.

حُرُضٌ: see حُرْضٌ, in two places.

حُرْضَةٌ The person called أَمِينُ مُقَامِرِينَ; (O, K;) [i. e.] the man who turns round about, or shuffles, the arrows [in the رِبَابَة], or who deals them forth, (الَّذِى يَضْرِبُ بِالقِدَاحِ, S, or يُفِيضُ القِدَاحَ, A,) for the players in the game called المَيْسِر, (S, A,) in order that he may eat of their meat [without having contributed to pay for the slaughtered camel]: (A:) like him who is termed بَرَمٌ, (S, A,) always a low, or mean, person, (S,) an object of dispraise: (A:) called thus because of his lowness, or meanness. (L.) b2: Also One who does not purchase flesh-meat, nor eat it unless he find it in the possession of another person. (A Heyth, Az.) حِرْضَةٌ: see حَرَضٌ, latter half, in two places.

حُرْضَانٌ: see حَرَضٌ, (of which it is a syn. and a pl.,) latter half, in three places.

حَرِيضٌ: see حَرَضٌ, in the latter half of the paragraph.

حَرَّاضٌ One who burns حُرْض [kali, or glasswort, &c.] for قِلْى [or potash]; (K; [in the CK, لِلْقَلْى is erroneously put for لِلْقِلْىِ;]) one who makes a fire upon حُرْض for the purpose of procuring from it قِلْى; (S;) i. e. for the dyers; and ↓ إِحْرِيضٌ also signifies one who makes a fire upon أُشْنَان [or حُرْض]: it is said that [plants of the kind called] حَمْض are burned, in their fresh state, and then water is sprinkled upon their ashes, which in consequence are compacted, and become قِلْى [q. v.]. (TA.) b2: Also One who makes a fire upon masses of hard stone for the purpose of preparing thence نُورَة [or quick lime], or جِصّ [which is gypsum]. (S, K.) حَرَّاضَةٌ A place in which أُشْنَان [or حُرْض] is burned [for making potash]. (TA.) b2: Also A place for the preparing, by fire, of [quick lime, (see حَرَّاضٌ,) or] gypsum. (TA.) حَارِضٌ and حَارِضَهٌ: see حَرَضٌ, from near the beginning to near the end.

إِحْرِيضٌ: see حَرَضٌ, latter half: A2: and see also حَرَّاضٌ.

A3: Also Safflower; syn. عُصْفُرٌ; (S, A, K;) a general name thereof: or عُصْفُر that is put into cooked flesh-meat: or the grain thereof. (TA.) مُحْرَضٌ: see حَرَضٌ, in three places.

مِحْرَضَةٌ, with kesr, A vessel for حُرْض; (S, K;) made of wood, or of brass, and the like; (TA;) i. q. أُشْنَانَةٌ: (A:) pl. مَحَارِضٌ. (A, TA.) مُحَرَّضٌ: see حَرَضٌ; for each in two places.

مَحْرُوضٌ: see حَرَضٌ; for each in two places.

نور

1 نَارَ intrans., in the sense of أَنَارَ: see the latter, in two places.

A2: نَارُوا النَّارَ: see 5.

A3: نُرْتُ البَعِيرَ (tropical:) I made a mark upon the camel with a hot iron. (M, K.) See نَارٌ.2 نوّر, intrans., in the sense of أَنَارَ, from النُّورُ: see 4, in two places. b2: نوّر بِالفَجْرِ, (Mgh, Msb,) inf. n. تَنْوِيرٌ, (Msb,) He performed the prayer of daybreak when the dawn had become light (Mgh, Msb:) (tropical:) or when the horizon had become bright: (TA:) تَنْوِيرُ الفَجْرِ, without بِ is an amplification. (Mgh.) تَنْوِيرٌ as a subst. from this verb, see below.

A2: نوّر, trans. in the sense of أَنَارَ, from النُّورُ: see 4. in three places.

A3: نوّر, (S, A, Msb, K.) inf. n. تَنْوِيرٌ, (S, K,) It (a tree. S, A, Msb, K, and a plant, Msb) blossomed, or flowered it put forth its نَوْر; (S, A, Msb, K;) as also ↓ أَنَارَ, (S, Msb, K,) originally أَنْوَرَ, (TA,) See also 4. b2: It (seed-produce) attained to maturity: (K:) [see an ex. in a verse cited in art. سمو, conj. 3:] تَنْوِيرٌ, the inf. n. of the verb in this sense, has a pl. تَنَاوِيرُ. (TA.) A4: نوّرهُ He smeared him or it with نُورَة. (Mgh, Msb.) b2: نوّر ذِرَاعَهُ, (S, K,) inf. n. تَنْوِيرٌ, (TA,) He pricked his fore-arm with a needle, and then sprinkled نَوُور, [q. v.] upon it. (S, K.) 4 انار, (inf. n. إِنَارَةٌ, Msb,) It (a thing) (S, Msb) gave light; or shone; or shone brightly; (S, A, * Msb, K; *) as also ↓ نوّر, (Lh, S, * A, Msb, K,) inf. n. تَنْوِيرٌ; (S, Msb;) and ↓ استنار; (S, A, Msb, K;) and ↓ نَارَ, (A, Msb, K,) aor. ـُ (Msb,) inf. n. نَوْرٌ, (K, TA,) or نُورٌ, (as in a copy of the A,) or نِيَارٌ: (Msb;) and ↓ تنوّر: (K:) نوّر (S, * Mgh, Msb, K) and انار (Mgh, Msb) and استنار, (Msb,) said of the dawn, signify as above; (Mgh, Msb;) or its light appeared. (S, * K) b2: [Hence,] الفِتْنَةُ ↓ نَارَتِ, aor. ـُ Sedition, or discord, or the like, happened and spread. (Msb.) b3: [Hence also,] انار and أَنْوَرَ, (K.) the latter being the original form; said of a plant; (TA;) It became beautiful: and it became apparent. (K, TA.) And أَنْوَرَتِ الشَّجَرَةُ The tree became beautiful in its verdure: or, as some say, put forth its blossoms or flowers. (TA.) See also 2.

A2: انار and ↓ نوّر He made to give light; to shine; or to shine brightly. (Msb.) ↓ التَّنْوِيرُ and الإِنَارَةُ signify the same. (S.) You say, انار السِّرَاجَ, and ↓ نوّرهُ, (A,) and المِصْبَاحَ ↓ نوّر, (Msb,) He made the lamp to give light; or to become bright. (Msb.) b2: انار المَكَانَ He illumined, or lighted, the place; (K;) i. e., put light [or a light] in it. (TA.) b3: [Hence,] انارهُ (tropical:) He elucidated it; rendered it apparent or plainly apparent, conspicuous, manifest, or evident; (TA;) as also ↓ نورّهُ. (A, TA. *) b4: And hence, انار اللّٰهُ بُرْهَانَهُ (tropical:) God taught him, or dictated to him, his proof. (TA.) 5 see 4, first signification.

A3: تنورّوا النَّارَ مِنْ بِعِيدٍ, (S, K,) and ↓ نَارُوهَا, (K,) They looked at the fire, or endeavoured to see it (تَبَصَّرُوهَا,) from afar: (S, K:) or تنوّر النَّارَ he looked at the fire, or endeavoured to see it, (تَبَصَّرَهَا) and repaired towards it: (A:) or he came to the fire: it has this signification as well as the first. (TA.) b2: تنوّر الرَّجُلَ, and المَرْأَةَ, He looked at the man, and the woman, at or by a fire, from a place where the latter did not see him; he stood in the dark to see the man, and the woman, by the light of the latter's fire, without the latter's seeing him; تَنَوُّرٌ being like تَضَوُّؤٌ. (TA.) A4: See also 8.8 انتار, (Th, T, S, M, K,) imp. إِنْتَرْ; (T;) and إِنْتَوَرَ, (T, K,) imp. إِنْتَوِرْ; (T;) and ↓ تنوّر; (S, M, A, Mgh, Msb, K;) or only انتار and انتور; not تنوّر; (T;) or some say انتار; [implying that most say تنوّر;] (S;) He smeared himself with نُورَة [which is differently explained in the lexicons, so that these verbs are made to bear different meanings by different lexicons]. (Th, T, S, M, A, Mgh, Msb, K.) 10 إِسْتَنْوَرَ see 4, first signification.

A2: استنار بِهِ He sought the aid of its light: (TA:) or of its rays. (M, K.) نَارٌ a word of which the meaning is well known; (M, K;) [Fire; not well explained as signifying] the flaming, or blazing, (لَهِيب,) that is apparent to the sense: (TA:) its ا is originally نُوَيْرَةٌ: (S, TA:) it is fem.: (S, M, Msb:) and sometimes masc.: (AHn, M, K:) and the dim. is أَنْوَارٌ, with و because it is the original medial radical, (S,) and with ة because نار is fem.: (Msb:) pl. [of pauc.] أَنْوُرٌ, (S, M, L,) in the K أَنْوَارٌ, [which is a mistake, though this is also said to be a pl. of نار,] (TA,) and [of mult.] نِيرَانٌ [which is the most common form] (S, M, K) and نُورٌ (AAF, S, M, Msb, K) and نِيَرَةٌ and نِيَارٌ, (M, K,) and أَنْيَارٌ also occurs, in the phrase نَارُ الأَنْيَارِ, in a trad. respecting the prison of hell; this phrase, if correctly related, perhaps meaning نَارُ النِّيِرَانِ, and انيار being originally أَنْوَار. (IAth.) النَّارُ is also applied to The fire of hell. (TA:) The Arabs say, in cursing their enemies, أَبْعَدَ اللّٰهُ دَارَهُمْ وَأَوْقَدَ نَارًا أَثَرَهُمْ [May God make their abode distant, and kindle a fire after them!] And it was a custom of Arab women, as related by IAar, on the authority of El-'Okeyleeyeh, when they feared evil from a man, and he removed from them, to kindle a fire behind him, with the view of causing his evil to depart with him. (T.) b2: نَارُ الْمُهَوِّلِ A fire which the Arabs used to kindle, in the time of ignorance, on the occasion of entering into a confederacy: they threw into it some salt, which crackled (يُفَقِّعُ) when the fire burned it: with this they frightened [one another] in confirmation of the swearing. (T.) b3: نَارُ الحُبَاحِبِ has been explained in art. حب. b4: نَارٌ also signifies simply Heat. (TA.) b5: Also, (tropical:) [The fire, meaning] the evil, and excitement, or rage, or war; as also ↓ نَائِرَةٌ. (TA.) Yousay, أَوْقَدَ نَارَ الحَرْبِ (tropical:) [He kindled the fire of war]. (A.) b6: Also, (tropical:) Opinion; counsel; advice. (IAar, T, K.) So in the trad., لَا تَسْتَضِيؤُوا بِنَارِ المُشْرِكِينَ, (T,) or بنار أَهْلِ الشِّرْكِ, (K,) (tropical:) [Seek ye not to enlighten yourselves by the counsel of the polytheists; i. e.,] seek ye not counsel of the polytheists. (IAar, T, A. *) b7: Also, (tropical:) Any brand, or mark, made with a hot iron, upon a camel; (As, T, S, M, A, K;) as also ↓ نُورَةٌ (M, K) and ↓ نُورٌ: (TA:) pl. as above: (M:) or the pl. is نِيَارٌ, and the pl. of the نار that burns is نِيرَانٌ. (IAar, Th, T.) The Arabs say, مَا نَارُ هٰذِهِ النَّاقَةِ (tropical:) What is the brand, or mark, of this she-camel, with which she is burned? (T, S, A. *) And they say, in a proverb, بِجَارُهَا نَارُهَا (T, S) Their origin is indicated by their mark with which they are burned. (T.) The Rájiz says, حَتَّى سَقَوْا آبَالَهُمْ بِالنَّارِ وَالنَّارُ قَدْ تَشْفِى مِنَ الأُوَارِ [Until, or so that, they watered their camels because of the brand that they bore: for the fire, or the brand, sometimes cures of the heat of thirst]: (T, S: *) he means, that, when they saw their marks with which they were burned, they left the water to them. (S. For another reading of this verse, see بِ.) See also نَجْرٌ.

نَوْرٌ Blossoms, or flowers, (M, Msb, K,) of a tree, and of a plant: (Msb:) or white blossoms or flowers; the yellow being called زَهْرٌ; (M, K;) for they become white, and then become yellow: (M:) and ↓ نَوْرَةٌ and ↓ نُوَّارٌ signify the same as نَوْرٌ: (M, K:) or [rather] نَوْرٌ and نُوَّارٌ signify the same; (S, Msb;) [but the former is often used as a generic n., signifying a kind of blossom or flower: though both are coll. gen. ns.;] and نَوْرَةٌ is the n. un. of نَوْرٌ, like as تَمْرَةٌ is of تَمْرٌ; (Msb;) and نُوَّارَةٌ is the n. un. of نُوَّارٌ: (S, M, L:) and the pl. of نَوْرٌ is أَنْوَارٌ. (M, Msb, K.) نُورٌ Light; syn. ضِيَآءٌ, (S,) or ضَوْءٌ; (M, A, Msb, K;) whatever it be; (M, A, K;) contr. of ظُلْمَةٌ: (Msb:) or the rays thereof: (M, A, K:) accord to Z, ضِيَآءٌ [with which ضَوْءٌ is syn.] is more intense than نُورٌ: in the Kur, x. 5, the sun is termed ضياء, and the moon نور: and it is said that ضياء is essential, but نور is accidental [light]: (TA:) it is of two kinds, the light of the present world and that of the world to come; and the former is either perceived sensibly, by the eye, and this is what diffuses itself from luminous bodies, as the sun and moon and stars, and is mentioned in the Kur, 10. 5, referred to above; or perceived by the eye of the intellect, and this is what diffuses itself of the divine lights, as the light of reason and the light of the Kur-án; of which divine light mention is made in the Kur, 5., former part of verse 15, and 24., latter part of verse 35; and both of these in common are spoken of in the Kur, 6. 1 and 39. 69: that of the world to come is mentioned in the Kur in lvii. 12 [and lxvi. 8]: (B:) the pl. is أَنْوَارٌ (S, M, Msb, K) and نِيرَانٌ; (M, K;) the latter mentioned by Th: (M:) and ↓ نَوْرَانيَّةٌ signifies the same as نُورٌ. (TA.) As نور is a convenience of the pious in the present world and the world to come, it is said in the Kur, [lvii. 13,] اُنْظُرُونَا نَقْتَبِسْ مِنْ نُورِكُمْ [Wait ye for us that we may take of your light]. (B.) [See also ظُلَمْةٌ.] b2: It is also applied to Mohammad: (T, M, K:) it is said by Aboo-Is-hak to be so applied in the Kur, v. 18. (T.) b3: And That which manifests things, (K, TA,) and shows to the eyes their true or real state: and therefore النُّور is applied in the Kur, vii.

156, to (tropical:) that [revelation] which the Prophet brought. (TA.) b4: النُّورُ is also one of the names of God; meaning, accord. to IAth, He by whose light the obscure in perception sees, and by whose guidance the erring is directed aright: or the Manifest, by whom is every manifestation. And أَللّٰهُ نُورُ السَّمٰوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ [in the Kur, xxiv. 35,] means God is the enlightener of the heavens and of the earth: like as فُلَانٌ غِيَاثُنَا means مُغِيثُنَا: (TA:) or, as some say, the right director of the inhabitants of the heavens and of the inhabitants of the earth. (T.) b5: See also نَارٌ, last signification.

نَوْرَةٌ: see نَوْرٌ.

نُورَةٌ: see نَارٌ, last signification.

A2: I. q. هِنَآءٌ [a word well known to mean Tar, or liquid pitch, or a kind thereof; but I do not know this signification as applying to نُورَةٌ, nor, app., did SM, for he has made it to be the same with that which here next follows, from the T]. (M, K:) or a kind of stone burned and made into كِلْس [or quick-lime] and used as a depilatory for the pubes: (T:) or lime-stone; syn. حَجَرُ الكِلْسِ: and by a secondary and predominant application, a mixture of quick lime (كلس) with arsenic, or orpiment, (زِرْنِيخ,) and other things, used for removing hair: (Msb:) [a depilatory composed of quick lime with a small proportion (about an eighth part) of orpiment: it is made into a paste with water, before application; and loosens the hair in about two minutes; after which it is immediately washed off: thus made in the present day:] some say that it is an Arabic word; and others, that it is arabicized. (Msb) See 8.

نَوْرَانِيَّةٌ: see نُورٌ.

نَيِّرٌ Giving light, shining, bright, or shining brightly; (A, Msb;) as also ↓ مُنِيرٌ and ↓ مُسْتَنِيرٌ (A) [and ↓ نَائِرٌ.] b2: Beautiful in colour, and bright; as also ↓ مُنِيرٌ and ↓ أَنْوَرُ: (TA:) or the last signifies [simply] beautiful; (K;) or conspicuous and beautiful. (TA.) It is said of Mohammad.

كَانَ أَنْوَرَ ↓ المُتَجَرَّدِ: He was beautiful and bright in the colour [of what was unclad] of his body. (TA.) نَوُورٌ, (S, Msb, and so in some copies of the K,) or نَؤُورٌ, (T, M, and so in some copies of the K,) or both, the former being the original form, (S, TA,) i. q. نِيلَجٌ [i. e. Indigo-pigment]; (S, K;) or نِيلَنْجٌ; [which appears from what follows to be the right reading, though both نيلج and نيلنج are used in the present day for the purpose described in explanations of نوور, to give a greenish colour to the marks made in tatooing;] (Msb;) i. e., (so accord. to the S and Msb; but in the K, and) the smoke [meaning the smokeblack] of fat, (IAar, T, S, M, Msb, K,) that adheres to the طَسْت, (IAar, T,) with which the punctures made in tatooing are dressed, (S, Msb,) or filled in, (M,) that they may become green; (S, Msb;) or with which the women of the Arabs of the time of ignorance tattooed themselves: (T:) i. q. غُنْجٌ [q v.]; (IAar, T:) or, accord. to to Lth, the smoke [or smoke-black] of the wick, used as a collyrium or for tatooing; but, [says Az,] I have not heard that the women of the Arabs used this as a collyrium in the time of ignorance nor in the time of El-Islám; their using it for tatooing, however, is mentioned in their poems: (T:) or lamp-black; the black pigment (نِقْس) prepared from the smoke of the lamp; used for tattooing. (Comm. on the Mo'allakát, printed at Calcutta, p. 143.) b2: Also, A kind of small stone, resembling إِثْمِد, which is bruised, or brayed, and then taken up, like as medicine is by the lip. (M.) [The same is found in the K, excepting that, in this latter lexicon, the explanation is less full, and اللِّثَةُ is substituted for الشَّفَةُ, the reading in the M.

نُوَّارٌ and نُوَّارَةٌ: see نَوْرٌ.

نَائِرٌ: see نَيِّرٌ. b2: (tropical:) Apparent or plainly apparent. conspicuous, manifest, or evident; as also ↓ مُنِيرٌ. (Thus the pl. fem. of each of these is explained in the TA.) b3: فِتْنَةٌ نَائِرَةٌ Sedition, or discord, or the like, happening and spreading. (Msb.) b4: And نَائِرَةٌ alone, Sedition, or discord, or the like: (Msb:) or sedition, or discord, or the like, happening: (TA:) and rancour, malevolence, or spite. (T:) enmity, or hostility, (T, S, A, Msb,) and violent hatred. (S, A, Msb.) See also نَارٌ.

You say, سَعَيْتُ فِى إِطْفَآءِ النَّائِرَةِ I laboured in stilling the sedition, or discord, or the like. (Msb.) And بَيْنَهُمْ نَائِرَةٌ Between them is enmity, or hatred, and violent hatred. (A, Msb.) A2: One who occasions evils among men. (T.) انْوَرُ: see نَيِّرٌ, in two places. b2: ذَا أَنْورُ مِنْ ذَاكَ [This is lighter, or brighter, than that], (TA.) تَنْوِيرٌ The time when the dawn shines, or becomes light. (T, Mgh.) You say, صَلَّى الفَجْرَ فِى التَّنْوِيرِ He performed the prayer of daybreak when the dawn shone, or became light. (Mgh.) See also 2.

مَنَارٌ [originally مَنْوَرٌ] A place of light; as also ↓ مَنَارَةٌ. (M. K.) b2: A sign, or mark, set up to show the way: (As, T, S, M, K:) and a thing that is put as a limit or boundary between two things; (M, K;) or between two lands, (As, T,) made of mud or clay or of earth: (As, TA:) pl. مَنَاثِرُ [respecting which see مَنَارَةٌ]. (A.) It is [also used as a coll. gen. n.; as, for instance, where it is] said, in a trad., لَعَنَ اللّٰهُ مَنْ غَيَّرَ مَنَارَ الأَرْضِ May God curse him who alters the marks of the limit between two lands: (T, TA:) or it may mean مَنَارَ الحَرَمِ the boundary-marks of the Haram [or sacred territory of Mekkeh], which [it is said] were set up by Abraham. (T, TA. *) And it is said in another trad, إِنَّ لِلْإِسْلَامِ صُوًى

وَمَنَارًا (tropical:) Verily there are to El-Islám signs and ordinances whereby it is known. (TA.) b3: See also صَوْمَعَةٌ. b4: The middle, or main part and middle, or part along which one travels, (مَحَجَّة,) of a road. (M, K.) مُنِيرٌ: see نَيِّرٌ, in two places. b2: See also نَائِرٌ.

مَنَارَةٌ, originally مَنْوَرَةٌ; (A, K;) see مَنَارٌ. b2: A stand for a lamp; a thing upon which a lamp is put: (T, S, M, A, K;) of the measure مَفْعَلَةٌ.

with fet-h (S, Msb) to the م; (S:) but by rule it should be with kesr, because it is an instrument (Msb.) Aboo-Dhu-eyb uses it, for the sake of metre, in the place of مِصْبَاح, in likening a bright spear-head, without rust, to a lamp. (M.) b3: Also, A candle having a سِرَاج [or lighted wick]. (T.) b4: [A pharos, or lighthouse.] b5: The mená reh [or turret of a mosque, whence the English term “ minaret,” so written in imitation of the Turkish pronunciation,] upon which the time of prayer is proclaimed; (S, Msb:) syn. مِئْذَنَةٌ, (K, TA,) vulgarly مَأَذَنَةٌ [which is the form given in the CK]. (TA.) b6: [Any pillar-like structure. (See زُرْنُوقٌ.) b7: The perch of a hawk, or falcon. (See مَرْبَأٌ.)] b8: The pl. is مَنَاوِرُ and مَنَائِرُ: he who uses the latter likens the radical letter to the augmentative; (S, Msb, K;) like as they say مَصَائِبُ, which is originally مَصَاوِبُ (S, Msb.) مُسْتَنِيرٌ: see نَيِّرٌ.

قرب

1 قَرُبَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. قُرْبٌ (S, Mgh, O, Msb *) and قُرْبَةٌ and قَرَابَةٌ and قُرْبَى (Mgh, Msb) and مَقْرَبَةٌ, (Mgh,) [to which may be added some other syns. mentioned below with قُرْبٌ and قَرَابَةٌ,] It, and he, was, or became, near; (S, Mgh, O;) syn. دَنَا; (S, O;) contr. of بَعُدَ: (Mgh:) or قُرْبٌ is in place, and قُرْبَةٌ is in station, or grade, or rank, and قَرَابَةٌ and قُرْبَى are in الرَّحِم [meaning relationship, or relationship by the female side]; (Mgh, Msb, TA;) or, accord. to the T, قَرَابَةٌ is in النَّسَب [app. relationship in a general sense], and قُرْبَى is in الرَّحِم [app. as meaning relationship by the female side]: (TA:) You say, قَرُبَ مِنْهُ, (A, MA, Msb, K,) and إِلَيْهِ; (A;) and قَرِبَهُ, (S, MA, O, K,) aor. ـَ (S, K;) inf. n. (of the former verb, Msb) قُرْبٌ, (Msb, K,) or قُرْبٌ and قُرْبَةٌ &c. as above, (Msb,) or قُرْبٌ and مَقْرَبَةٌ and مَقْرُبَةٌ; (MA;) and (of the latter verb, S, MA, O) قِرْبَانٌ (S, MA, O, K) and قُرْبَانٌ; (K;) he (a man, S, O) was, or became, near to it; (S, A, MA, O, K;) syn. دَنَا: (S, A, O, K:) or the former verb means thus; but when one says لَا تَقْرَبْ كَذَا with fet-h to the ر, the meaning is, occupy not thyself with doing such a thing: (MF, TA, &c.:) or قَرِبْتُ الأَمْرَ, aor. ـَ and قَرَبْتُهُ, aor. ـُ i. e., like تَعِبَ and like قَتَلَ, inf. n. قِرْبَانٌ, signifies I did the thing, or affair; or I was, or became, near, or I approached, to it, or to doing it [or to doing something with it or to it]: an ex. of the former meaning is the saying [in the Kur xvii. 34], لَا تَقْرَبُوا الزِّنَا [Commit not ye fornication, or adultery; or, accord. to some, this is an ex. of the latter meaning]; and hence one says, قَرِبْتُ المَرْأَةَ, inf. n. قِرْبَانٌ, a metonymical phrase, meaning I compressed the woman: and an ex. of the latter meaning is the saying, لَا تَقْرَبُوا الحِمَى i. e. لَا تَدْنُوا مِنْهُ [meaning Approach not ye to doing, or to entering upon, the thing, or place, that is prohibited, or interdicted]. (Msb.) And the Arabs say, of a man, when a thing has disquieted, or disturbed, and grieved, him, أَخَذَهُ مَا قَرُبَ وَمَا بَعُدَ, as though meaning (assumed tropical:) He became, or has become, disquieted by reason of near and remote circumstances of his case: (O:) or recent and old griefs took hold upon him. (Mgh in art. قدم. [See art. بعد.]) دَنَا مِنِّى وَقَرُبَ is expl. by Zj as meaning He drew near to me and drew nearer. (T in art. دلو: see 5 in that art.) [And several other verbs belonging to this art. are syn., or nearly so, with قَرُبَ or with قَرِبَ in senses expl. above. Thus ↓ اقرب is syn. with قَرُبَ in the first of the senses expl. above, like as أَدْنَى is with دَنَا, for its inf. n.]

الإِقْرَابُ signifies الدُّبُوُّ. (TA.) ↓ اقترب, also, is syn. with قَرُبَ in the first of the senses expl. above; (MA;) [i. e.] it is syn. with دَنَا: (Msb:) or it is syn. with ↓ تقارب, (S, O, K, TA,) signifying he, or it, drew near; (TA;) thus ↓ وَاقْتَرَبَ الوَعْدُ [in the Kur xxi. 97] signifies تقارب [meaning And the fulfilment of the promise shall draw near]: (S, O, TA:) and you say, اقترب مِنِّى

[meaning He drew near to me]: (A:) it is also said that is has a more particular signification than قَرُبَ; for it denotes intensiveness in القُرْب; thus says Ibn-'Arafeh; probably meaning that it denotes labour and difficulty in the accomplishment of the act. (MF, TA.) ↓ تقرّب [likewise] is syn. with [قَرُبَ, i. e.] دَنَا, in the phrase تقرّب مِنْهُ: (O: [see قَرُبَ مِنْهُ:]) or it signifies he drew near, or approached, by little and little, (تَدَنَّى,) to a thing. (TA.) And الشَّىْءَ ↓ قارب, (ISd, TA,) or الأَمْرَ, (Msb,) [like قَرِبَهُ in many instances,] signifies He was, or became, near, or he approached, to the thing, or affair, or to doing it. (ISd, Msb, TA.) b2: قَرُبَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. قُرْبٌ signifies also (assumed tropical:) He formed an opinion that was near to certainty. (MF.) b3: In the phrase قَرَبَتِ الشَّمْسُ لِلْمَغِيبِ [meaning The sun was, or became, near to setting], like كَرَبَت, the ق is asserted by Yaakoob to be a substitute for ك. (TA.) A2: قَرَبَ, aor. ـُ inf. in. قِرَابَةٌ, He (a man) journeyed to water, there being between him and it a night's journey. (S, O.) [See also أَقْرَبَ القَوْمُ. Or,] accord. to Lth, you say, قَرَبُوا, aor. ـُ inf. n. قَرَبٌ [q. v.], meaning They, after pasturing their camels in the tract between them and the wateringplace, and journeying on during a part of the time until there remained between them and the water a night, or an evening, hastened in their course. (TA.) And قَرَبَ الإِبِل [in some copies of the K الإِبِلَ and in others الإِبِلُ], aor. ـُ inf. n. قِرَابَةٌ; thus in the K; but accord. to Th, قَرَبَتِ الإِبِلُ, aor. ـُ inf. n. قَرَبٌ; (TA;) i. e. The camels journeyed by night in order to arrive at the water on the morrow: (K, * TA:) and [a man says, of himself,] قَرَبْتُ, aor. ـُ inf. n. قِرَابَةٌ. (TA.) b2: And قَرَبْتُ المَآءَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. قَرَبٌ, so in the Fs [of Th, meaning I journeyed to the water by night in order to reach it on the following morning]. (TA.) [Or] you say, قَرَبُوا المَآءَ, meaning They sought, or sought to attain, the water. (A.) b3: And [hence] one says, فُلَانٌ يَقْرُبُ حَاجَتُهُ, meaning (assumed tropical:) Such a one seeks, or seeks to attain, the object of his want; from the seeking, or seeking to attain, the water: and hence the saying, in a trad., وَإِنْ نَقْرُبُ بِذٰلِكَ إِلَّا أَنْ نَحْمَدَ اللّٰهَ (assumed tropical:) We not seeking thereby [aught] save our praising God: thus expl. by El-Khattábee. (Az, TA.) [Hence, also,] one says قَدْ قَرَبَ أَمْرًا لَا أَدْرِى مَا هُوَ (tropical:) [He has sought to accomplish an affair, I know not what it is]: (A, O: *) and فُلَانٌ يَقْرُبُ أَمْرًا لَا يَسْهُلُ لَهُ (tropical:) [Such a one seeks to accomplish an affair that will not be easy to him]. (A.) فُلَانٌ يَقْرُبُ أَمْرًا means (assumed tropical:) Such a one seeks, desires, or aims at, [the accomplishment of] an affair, when he does a deed, or says a saying, with that object. (T, O, TA.) A3: قَرَبَ السَّيْفَ, (S, O,) inf. n. قَرْبٌ; (K;) and ↓ اقربهُ, (O,) inf. n. إِقْرَابٌ; (K;) He put the sword into the قِرَاب [q. v.]: (S, O, K:) or the former, (accord. to the K,) or ↓ the latter, (accord. to the S and TA,) he made for the sword a قِرَاب: (S, K, TA:) or ↓ the latter has both of these significations: (O:) or the former verb is said of a sword or of a knife in the former sense; and in like manner ↓ the latter verb in the latter sense: or the former phrase signifies he made for the sword a قِرَاب; and ↓ the latter phrase, he put the sword into its قِرَاب: and one says, قِرَابًا ↓ قرّب and ↓ اقربهُ, meaning he made a قِرَاب. (TA.) A4: قَرْبٌ [as an inf. n. of which the verb is قَرَبَ] also signifies The feeding a guest with the أَقْرَاب (O, K, TA) meaning flanks [of an animal or of animals, pl. of قُرْبٌ or قُرُبٌ]. (TA.) A5: And قَرِبَ, (O, K,) with kesr to the ر, (O,) like فَرِح, (K,) [aor. ـَ inf. n. app. قَرَبٌ,] He (a man, TA) had a complaint (O, K) of his قُرْب or قُرُب, (K,) [i. e.] of his flank; (O;) as also ↓ قرّب, (O, * K, [in the former this verb is only indicated by the mention of its inf. n.,]) inf. n. تَقْرِيبٌ. (O, K.) 2 قرّبهُ, inf. n. تَقْرِيبٌ, He made, or caused, to be, or become, near, caused to approach, or brought, or drew, near, him, or it. (S, O, Msb. *) [Hence the phrase قَرَّبَ اللّٰهُ دَارَكَ, which see in what follows.] b2: [And hence, He made him to be a near associate; he made him an object of, or took him into, favour: and (agreeably with an explanation of the pass. in the Ham p. 184) he made him, or rendered him, an object of honour.] One says, قَرَّبَهُ مِنْهُ meaning He (a king, or a governor, or prince, [or any other person who was either a superioror an equal,]) made him to be to him a قُرْبَان, i. e. [a near associate, or] a consessor, or a particular, or special, associate or companion [&c.: see قُرْبَانٌ]. (TA.) b3: قَرَّبَهُ إِلَيْهِمْ, in the Kur li. 27, means He presented it, or offered it, to them: (Jel:) or he placed it, or put it, before them. (Bd.) And one says also, قرّب خَصْمَهُ إِلَى السُّلْطَانِ [He brought, or placed, his adversary before the Sultán]. (Mgh in art. رفع.) And ↓ قرّب لِلّٰهِ قَرْبَانًا [He offered, or presented, to God, an offering, or oblation]. (S, O: in the Msb, إِلَى اللّٰهِ.) b4: حَيَّا وَقَرَّبَ, (A, O,) inf. n. تَقْرِيبٌ, (K,) signifies (tropical:) He said, حَيَّاكَ اللّٰهُ وَقَرَّبَ دَارَكَ [May God preserve thee alive, or prolong thy life, and make thine abode to be near]: (A, O, K:) one says thus of a host to a visitor. (TA.) b5: And التَّقْرِيبُ signifies also The denoting nearness. (Mughnee and K * voce أَوْ, and Kull pp.82 and 83 and 124.) Thus what is termed تَصْغِيرُ التَّقْرِيبِ [The diminutive denoting nearness] is such as occurs in the saying, دَارِى قُبَيْلَ المَسْجِدِ [“ My house is a little before the mosque ”]. (Kull p. 124.) b6: And The advancing an argument in such a manner as renders the desired conclusion a necessary consequence. (MF.) b7: and A certain sort of عَدْو [or running] (S, O, K) of a horse: (S, O:) one says, of a horse, قرّب, inf. n. تَقْرِيبٌ, (S, A, O,) meaning he raised his fore legs together and put them down together (S, O, K *) in running: (S, O:) or he ran [as though] pelting the ground [with his hoofs]: (Az, TA:) and it is also said of other animals than the horse: but not of the camel: (MF:) [one sort of] التقريب is [a rate] less than الحُضْرُ; (S, A, O;) and more than الخَبَبُ: (El-Ámidee, MF:) there are two sorts of تقريب, called أَعْلَى

[which is a gallop] and أَدْنَى [which is a canter]: (S, O:) the former is termed الثَّعْلَبِيَّةُ; and the latter, الإِرْخَآءُ. (TA.) A2: See also 1, near the end, in two places.3 قَارَبْتُهُ, inf. n. مُقَارَبَةٌ [and قِرَابٌ], I was, or became, near to him, or it; contr. of بَاعَدْتُهُ. (Msb.) See 1, near the middle of the paragraph. b2: One says of a vessel, (S, O, K,) قارب أَنْ يَمْتَلِئَ (S, O) or قارب الاِمْتِلَآءَ (K) [It was, or became, near to being full]: قارب [thus used] is the verb from قَرْبَانُ [q. v.], and قَرُبَ is not used in its stead. (Sb, TA.) And one says also, قارب مِلْأَهُ [It was, or became, nearly equal, or it nearly amounted, to what would fill it]. (Msb.), And قارب قَدْرَهُ [It was, or became, nearly equal, or equivalent, to its quantity, or amount; or it was, or became, nearly equivalent to it]. (K, TA.) [And hence the term أَفْعَالُ المُقَارَبَةِ The verbs of appropinquation; as كَادَ &c.] b3: قارب الخَطْوَ He made the stepping to be contracted; syn. دَانَاهُ; (Az, K, TA;) [i. e. he made short steps: made his steps to be near together;] said of a horse. (TA.) And قارب كَلَامَهُ [He made the several portions of his speech, i. e. he made his words, to be near together; so that it means he uttered his speech rapidly]. (K in art. وط; &c.) and قارب بين الكَلِمَةِ وَالكَلِمَةِ فِى التَّسْبِيحِ [He made the words to follow one another nearly, or to be near together, in the act of praise, or the like.] (M in art. دنو.) And قَارَبْتُ بَيْنَ الأَمْرَيْنِ i. q. دَانَيْتُ [I made the two affairs, or events, to be nearly uninterrupted]. (T, S, Msb, all in art. دنو.) b4: قاربهُ also signifies He thought him, or it, to be near. (Ham p. 634.) And قارب الأَمْرَ He thought the thing. (MF.) b5: And He interchanged with him good, or pleasing, speech. (O, K, TA.) b6: And قارب فِى الأَمْرِ He pursued the right, or just, or middle, course, neither exceeding it nor falling short of it, in the affair. (O, * K, * TA.) b7: And قَارَبْتُهُ فِى البَيْعِ [app. meaning, in like manner, I pursued a middle course with him in selling, or buying, with respect to the price demanded or offered, neither exceeding what was just nor falling short of it], (S, O,) inf. n. مُقَارَبَةٌ. (S.) b8: مُقَارَبَةٌ and قِرَابٌ signify also The raising the leg [or legs, of a woman,] for the purpose of جِمَاع. (K.) 4 أَقْرَبَ see 1, second quarter. b2: [Hence,] أَقْرَبَت, (S, A, O, K,) said of the pregnant, (A, TA,) or of a woman, and of a mare, and of a ewe or goat, (S, O, TA,) and also of an ass, (Lth, TA,) but [app.] not [properly] of a camel, (Lth, S, * O, * TA,) [though it is sometimes said of a camel, as in the S and O voce غَمُوس, and in the O and K in art. ك,] She was, or became, near to bringing forth. (Lth, S, A, O, K.) b3: and اقرب said of a colt, and of a young camel, (K, TA,) &c., (TA,) He was, or became, near to the age of shedding his central incisors; (K, TA;) and likewise, to that of shedding other teeth. (TA.) b4: And He nearly filled a vessel. (S, O, K.) b5: لَأُقْرِبَنَّكُمْ صَلَاةَ رَسُولِ اللّٰهِ occurs in a trad. of Aboo-Hureyreh, meaning I will indeed perform to you the like of, or what will be nearly the same as, the praying of the Apostle of God. (TA.) b6: اقرب الإِبِلَ He made the camels to journey by night in order to arrive at the water on the morrow: (O, * K, TA:) or اقربوا إِبِلَهُمْ They, after pasturing them in the tract between them and the watering-place, and journeying on during a part of the time until there remained between them and the water a night, or an evening, hastened their camels. (Lth, TA.) b7: And اقرب القَوْمُ The people, or party, became persons whose camels were performing a journey such as is termed قَرَبٌ: the part. n. is [said to be] ↓ قارب, not مُقْربٌ: (As, S, O:) the former of these is said by A'Obeyd to be anomalous: (S, O:) [but see قَرَبَ, which is expl. as having almost exactly the same meaning as that which is in this instance assigned to اقرب. And it is also mentioned in the TA, app. on the authority of AA, that the same phrase and the same anomalous part. n. are used when the people's camels are مُتَقَارِبَة (which means few, or near together): but I think that this word is a mistake of a copyist, for قَوَارِبُ: see قَارِبٌ.]

A2: See also 1, last quarter, in six places.5 تَقَرَّبَ see 1, near the middle of the paragraph. b2: [Hence] one says to his companion, urging him, تَقَرَّبْ, meaning (tropical:) Advance thou, or come forward: (A, TA:) or تَقَرَّبْ يا رَجُلُ, meaning hasten, O man. (As, O, L, K, TA.) Only the imperative mood in this sense is said to be used. (MF, TA.) b3: And [hence, also,] تقرّب signifies He rendered himself near, or allied himself, [drew near, or ingratiated himself,] by affection and friendship. (TA, voce تَنَسَّبَ. [In this sense it is trans. by means of مِنْ.]) And He applied himself with gentleness, or courtesy, to obtain access, or nearness, to a man, by means of some act performed for that purpose, or by right. (TA. [In this sense it is trans. by means of إِلَى.]) And one says, تقرّب مِنَ اللّٰهِ [He drew near unto God] by prayer or the like, and righteous actions: and تقرّب اللّٰهُ مِنْهُ [God drew near unto him] by beneficence towards him. (TA.) And تقرِّب بِهِ إِلَى اللّٰهِ, (S, A, O, Msb, K, *) inf. n. تَقَرُّبٌ and تِقِرَّابٌ, (O, K,) the latter [of a rare form] like تِحِمَّالٌ and تِكِلَّامٌ and تِمِلَّاقٌ, (O,) He sought thereby nearness, to bring himself near, to draw near, or to approach, unto God; or to advance himself in the favour of God: (S, K, * TA:) and فَعَلَهُ تَقَرُّبًا إِلَيْهِ [He did it by way of seeking nearness, &c., to Him]. (A.) A2: تقرّب also signifies He (a man, O) put his hand upon his قُرْب (O, K, TA) i. e. his flank, (O, TA,) in walking; or, as some say, hastening, or going quickly. (TA.) 6 تقاربوا They were, or became, or drew, near, one to another: (S, * A, * Msb:) you say تقاربوا and ↓ اقتربوا [both app. signifying the same, like تخاصموا and اختصموا, and تخالطوا and اختلطوا, and تشاركوا and اشتركوا, &c.]. (A.) b2: See also 1, second quarter. b3: تقاربت إِبِلُهُ means (tropical:) His camels became few, [because drawing near together,] (A, O, K, TA,) and (as is also said of other things, TA) declined, or became reduced to a bad state. (O, * K, * TA.) b4: And [for the like reason, because of its becoming dense,] تقارب is said of seed-produce, or standing corn or the like, meaning (assumed tropical:) It became nearly ripe. (O, K, TA.) b5: And hence [accord. to some], تَقَارَبَ الزَّمَانُ (assumed tropical:) [When the time becomes contracted], occurring in a trad., expl. in art. زمن, q. v. (TA.) 8 إِقْتَرَبَ see 1, second quarter, in two places: b2: and see also 6.10 استقربهُ [contr. of استبعدهُ]. One says, هُوَ يَسْتَقْرِبُ البَعِيدَ [He reckons near that which is remote]. (A, Msb.) قُرْبٌ [mentioned in the first sentence of this art. as an inf. n.] is the contr. of بُعْدٌ: (S, O:) [used as a simple subst., it signifies Nearness, and] it is said to be [properly, or primarily,] in respect of place; [i. e. vicinity;] as distinguished from قُرْبَةٌ &c. (Msb, TA.) You say, إِنَّ قُرْبَكَ زَيْدًا [Verily Zeyd is in thy vicinity; i. e., near thee in respect of place]; but not إِنَّ بُعْدَكَ زَيْدًا; because قُرْب is more capable of being used as an adv. n. of place than بُعْد: in like manner they said also ↓ هُوَ قُرَابَتَكَ, meaning [He is in thy vicinity; i. e.,] near thee in respect of place. (Sb, TA. [See also قَرِيبٌ.]) [And بِالقُرْبِ مِنْهُ is a phrase of frequent occurrence, meaning In the vicinity of, or near in respect of place to, him, or it.] And one says, تَنَاوَلَهُ مِنْ قُرْبٍ and ↓ مِنْ قَرِيبٍ [He took it, or took it with his hand, from a near place or spot]. (A, Msb.) and رَأَيْتُهُ مِنْ قُرْبٍ [and ↓ مِنْ قَرِيبٍ I saw him, or it, from a near place or spot, or from within a short distance]. (S in art. ام; &c.) b2: It is also syn. with ↓ قَرَابٌ [signifying Nearness in respect of time] as used in the saying اِفْعَلْ ذٰلِكَ بِقَرَابٍ

[i. e. Do thou that soon; like as one says, عَنْ

↓ قَرِيبٍ]: (K, TA:) accord. to the K, the word قراب in this case is like سَحَاب: but it is said in a prov., أَكْيَسُ ↓ الفِرَارُ بِقِرَابٍ, thus in the S, or, as some relate it, ↓ بِقُرَابٍ; and IB says, J has cited this prov. [next] after the قِرَاب of the sword, but should have said that القِرَابُ is also syn. with القُرْبُ, and should then have adduced the prov. as an ex. meaning The fleeing soon in eagerness of desire for safety [is more, or most, shrewd]: (TA:) [this rendering, however, requires consideration; for, accord. to Meyd, who gives only the reading بِقِرَابٍ, the meaning of the prov. is, that he who flees with the ↓ قِرَاب (by which is meant the scabbard) when the sword has passed away from his possession is more shrewd than he who causes, or suffers, the قِرَاب also to pass away from him: in Freytag's Arab Prov. ii. 210, both of these explanations are given; but قريب is there erroneously put for قُرْب.] b3: See also قَرَابَةٌ. b4: It is also a pl. of قَرِيبٌ [q. v.]. (TA in art. زلف.) A2: قُرْبٌ also, and ↓ قُرُبٌ, (S, O, K,) the former of which is the original, (TA,) signify The خَاصِرَة [or flank]: (O, K:) or [the part] from the شَاكِلَة [which is syn., or nearly so, with خَاصِرَة,] to the مَرَاقّ [or soft parts] of the belly: (S, O, K:) and likewise from the رَفْغ [generally meaning groin] to the armpit, on each side: (TA:) [properly used in relation to a horse:] sometimes metaphorically used in relation to a she-camel, and to an ass [meaning a wild ass, and also to a man: see 5, last sentence]: (TA:) pl. أَقْرَابٌ; (T, S, O, K;) which is also used in the place of the dual. (T, TA.) قَرَبٌ [mentioned in the latter half of the first paragraph of this art. as an inf. n.] is [said to be] a subst., signifying A journey to water when it is a night's journey distant: or, as As said, on the authority of an Arab of the desert, (S, O,) a journey by night in order to arrive at the water on the morrow; (S, O, K;) and so ↓ قِرَابَةٌ [which is also mentioned as an inf. n. in the latter half of the first paragraph of this art.]; (K;) a journey by night in order to arrive at the water on the second following day being called طَلَقٌ: (S, O:) and the seeking water by night: or, when it is not more than a night's journey distant: or the first day in which one journeys to water when it is two days distant; the second day being called طَلَقٌ: (K: [but the converse seems to be the truth, being asserted by several of the highest authorities, and agreeable with the derivation of each of the two words: see طَلَقٌ:]) or the night after which, in the morning, one arrives at the water: (TA:) and لَيْلَةُ القَرَبِ is the night in which people with their camels hasten to the water in a journey such as is termed قَرَبٌ بَصْبَاصٌ; this latter term being applied to signify a people's letting their camels pasture while they are journeying towards water; and when there remains an evening between them and the water, hastening towards it: (S, O:) or, as is said on the authority of As, لَيْلَةُ القَرَبِ is the second night after the pastor has turned the faces of his camels towards the water, and so left them to pasture; this second night being the night of hard driving; and the first night being called لَيْلَةُ الطَّلَقِ: accord. to AA, [the journey called] القَرَبُ is [the journey to water] during three days, or more. (TA.) And [hence] القَرَبَ is used to signify What is a night's journey distant. (S in art. نوب, in explanation of a verse cited in that art. [Or, accord. to IAar, قَرَب there signifies near, so as to be visited repeatedly: or, as AA says, at such a distance as to be visited once in three days.]) [See also a saying mentioned voce حَوْزٌ.] b2: Also A well of which the water is near [to the mouth]. (O, K.) قُرُبٌ: see قُرْبٌ, last sentence.

قُرْبَةٌ an inf. n. of قَرُبَ [q. v.: and used as a simple subst. signifying Nearness]; like قُرْبٌ: or the former is in station, or grade, or rank. (Mgh, Msb.) You say, طَلَبْتُ مِنْهُ القُرْبَةَ [I sought of him nearness of station, &c.; or admission into favour]. (A.) b2: See also قَرَابَةٌ. b3: Also, (A, O, Msb,) and ↓ قُرُبَةٌ, (Msb,) A thing [such as prayer, or any righteous deed or work,] whereby one seeks nearness, to bring himself near, to draw near, or to approach, unto God; or to advance himself in the favour of God; (A, * O, Msb;) as also ↓ قُرْبَانٌ: (S, O, Msb, K:) pl. of the first and second قُرَبٌ and قُرْبَاتٌ and قُرُبَاتٌ and قُرَبَاتٌ. (Msb.) قِرْبَةٌ A kind of سِقَآء [or skin], (S, * O, * TA,) used for water: (S, O:) or a وَطْب [or skin] that is used for milk, and sometimes for water: (ISd, K:) or such as is sewed on one side: (K:) [the modern قِرْبَة, which is seldom, if ever, used for anything but water, is (if I may judge from my own observations and the accounts of others) always made of the skin of a goat about one year old or upwards: it consists of nearly the whole skin; only the skin of the head, and a small portion of that of each leg, being cut off: it has a seam extending from the upper part of the throat nearly to the belly, and sometimes a corresponding seam at the hinder part, but more commonly only a patch of leather over the fundament and navel: over the seam, or over each seam, is sewed a narrow strip of leather; and a mouth of leather is added in the place of the head: it is carried on the back, by means of a strap, or cord, &c., one end of which is generally attached to a cord connecting the two fore-legs; and the other, to the right hind leg:] the pl. (of pauc., S, O) is قِرْبَاتٌ, and قِرَبَاتٌ, and قِرِبَاتٌ, and (of mult., S, O) قِرَبٌ. (S, O, Msb, K.) فِيهِ قَرَبَةٌ and ↓ قِرَابَةٌ are said of a vessel that is nearly filled [meaning In it is a quantity that nearly fills it]. (K, TA.) [See also قِرَابٌ.]

قُرُبَةٌ: see قُرْبَةٌ: b2: and see also قَرَابَةٌ.

قُرْبَى [mentioned in the first sentence of this art. as an inf. n.: and used as a simple subst.]: see قَرَابَةٌ, in five places: and see also قَرِيبٌ, latter half.

قَرْبَانُ A vessel nearly full: fem. قُرْبَى: (S, O, K:) and pl. قِرَابٌ: (S, O:) you say قَدَحٌ قَرْبَانُ مَآءً i. e. [A drinking vessel] nearly full of water: and the ق in قربان is [said to be] sometimes changed into ك: (TA:) so accord. to Yaakoob; but ISd denies this. (TA in art. كرب.) A2: See also the paragraph here following.

قُرْبَانٌ: see قُرْبَةٌ: [it may often be rendered An offering, or oblation: and hence it sometimes means a sacrifice, as in the Kur iii. 179:] pl. قَرَابِينُ. (Msb.) قُرْبَانُهُمْ دِمَآؤُهُمْ [Their offering to God is their blood, lit. bloods,] occurs in a trad. as cited from the Book of the Law revealed to Moses, and as referring to the Arabs; meaning, they seek to bring themselves near unto God by shedding their blood in fighting in the cause of religion; whereas the قربان of preceding peoples consisted in the slaughtering of oxen or cows, and sheep or goats, and camels. (TA.) And it is said in another trad., الصَّلَاةُ قُرْبَانُ كُلِّ تَقِىٍّ [The divinely-appointed act of prayer is the offering to God of every pious person]; meaning, that whereby the pious seek to bring themselves near unto God. (TA.) b2: Also, (S, A, O, K,) and ↓ قَرْبَانٌ, (K,) but this latter is by some disapproved, (TA,) [A near associate; or] a particular, or special, (A, K,) associate or companion (A) or consessor; (K;) or a consessor; and a particular, or special, associate or companion; (S, ISd, O;) [or a familiar, or favourite;] of a king, (S, ISd, A, O, K,) or of a governor, or prince; (S, O;) [or of any person who is either a superior or an equal;] so called because of his nearness: (TA:) pl. قَرَابِينُ: (S, A, O, K:) and one says also, فُلَانٌ مِنْ قُرْبَانِ الأَمِيرِ [Such a one is of the near associates, &c., of the governor, or prince]; (S, O;) [for] قُرْبَانٌ is [said to be originally] an inf. n., and [therefore, as an epithet,] the same as sing. and dual and pl.: (so in a marginal note in one of my copies of the S:) or, in a phrase of this kind, it is a pl. of ↓ قَرِيبٌ. (A in art. بعد.) قَرَابٌ: see قُرْبٌ, former half.

قُرَابٌ: see قَرِيبٌ, last quarter, in two places: b2: and قُرْبٌ, near the middle: b3: and قِرَابٌ, former half: b4: and قُرَابَةٌ.

قِرَابٌ [an inf. n. of 3. And hence قِرَابَ as an adv. n. of time]. You say, أَتَيْتُهُ قِرَابَ العِشَآءِ I came to him near nightfall: and قِرَابَ اللَّيْلِ near night. (Lth, TA.) And 'Oweyf El-Kawáfee says, describing she-camels, (so in the TA and in one of my copies of the S,) or 'Oweyf El-Fezáree, (so in the O,) هُوَ ابْنُ مُنَضِّجَاتٍ كُنَّ قِدْمًا يَزِدْنَ عَلَى العَدِيدِ قِرَابَ شَهْرٍ (O, TA) i. e. He is the off spring of [one of the] she-camels that went beyond the usual time of bringing forth, that used formely to exceed the computed [time] near a month: J give a different reading of this verse, يَرِدْنَ عَلَى الغَدِيِر; but the correct reading is that given above. (IB, TA.) b2: See also قُرْبٌ, near the middle. b3: قِرَابُ الشَّىْءِ and ↓ قُرَابُهُ and ↓ قُرَابَتُهُ signify What is nearly the equal in quantity, or amount, or nearly the equivalent, of the thing. (K.) One says, مَعَهُ أَلْفُ دِرْهَمٍ أَوْ قِرَابُهُ He has with him a thousand dirhems, or nearly the equal thereof: and مَعَهُ مِلْءُ قَدَحٍ مَآءً أَوْ قِرَابُهُ He has with him a cupful of water, or nearly the equal thereof. (Lth, TA.) And a poet says, (S,) namely, El-'Ambar, (so in the O and TA,) or Es-Sinnabr, (so in the Mz, 49th نوع,) Ibn-'Amr, Ibn-Temeem, (O, TA, *) إِلَّا تَجِئْ مَلْأَى يَجِئْ قِرَابُهَا [If a full bucket (دَلْوٌ being understood, as is indicated in the S and O and TA,) come not, what will be nearly the equal thereof will come]. (S, O, TA.) One says also, لَوْ أَنَّ لِى قِرَابَ هٰذَا ذَهَبًا i. e. [If there belonged to me] the quantity nearly sufficient for the filling of this [of gold]: and لَوْ جَآءَ بِقِرَابِ الأَرْضِ i. e. [If he brought] that which would be nearly the equal in quantity of the earth. (Msb.) And الرُّكْبَتَيْنِ ↓ المَآءُ قُرَابَةُ [The water is such as is nearly the equal in height of the two knees]. (A.) [See also قَرَبَةٌ.]

A2: Also The غِمْد [i. e. scabbard, or sheath,] of a sword, (K, TA,) or of a knife: (TA:) or the جَفْن [i. e. case, or receptacle,] of the غِمْد; (K, TA;) the جَفْن, which is a case, or receptacle, wherein is the sword together with its scabbard (بِغِمْدِهِ) and its suspensory belt or cord: (S, O, TA:) it is like a جِرَاب of leather, into which the rider, or rider upon a camel, puts his sword with its جَفْن [here meaning scabbard], and his whip, and his staff, or stick, and his utensils: (Az, TA:) or like the جِرَاب, into which one puts his sword with its scabbard (بِغِمْدِهِ), and his whip, and sometimes his travelling-provisions of dates &c.: (IAth, TA:) the pl. of the قِرَاب of the sword is قُرُبٌ [a pl. of mult.] (Msb, TA) and أَقْرِبَةٌ [a pl. of pauc.], like خُمُرٌ and أَخْمِرَةٌ pls. of خِمَارٌ. (Msb.) See also قُرْبٌ, latter half.

قَرِيبٌ Near in respect of place: (S, O, Msb, K, * &c.:) in this sense used alike as sing. and pl. (Kh, ISk, T, O, Msb, K *) and dual, (ISk, TA,) and as masc. and fem., (AA, Kh, Fr, ISk, T, S, O, Msb,) as is also بَعِيدٌ in the contr. sense: (Kh, ISk, TA:) the Arabs say هُوَ قَرِيبٌ مِنِّى, (ISk, O, * TA,) and هُمَا قَرِيبٌ مِنِّى, and هُمْ قَرِيبٌ مِنِّى, (ISk, TA,) and هِىَ قَرِيبٌ مِنِّى, &c., meaning فِى مَكَانٍ قَرِيبٍ [in a place near, to me, or little removed from me:] (ISk, O, TA:) or when you say هِنْدٌ قَرِيبٌ مِنْكَ, it is as though you said هِنْدٌ مَوْضِعُهَا قَرِيبٌ مِنْكَ [Hind, her place is near to thee:] (AA, Msb:) hence, [in the Kur vii. 54,] إِنَّ رَحْمَةَ اللّٰهِ قَرِيبٌ مِنَ المُحْسِنِينَ [Verily the mercy of God is near unto the welldoers]: (AA, ISk, O, Msb:) but it is allowable to say قَرِيبَةٌ, as also بَعِيدَةٌ: (ISk, O, Msb, TA:) or (accord. to Zj, TA) قريب is here without ة because رحمة is not really [but only conventionally] of the fem. gender: (S, O, TA:) [but this reason is not satisfactory, because it does not apply to other cases mentioned above:] and it is also said that it is without ة because it is assimilated to an epithet of the measure فَعُولٌ, which does not receive the fem. affix ة. (TA.) [Hence the phrase مِنْ قَرِيبٍ:] see قُرْبٌ, former half, in two places. And [hence also] you say, إِنَّ قَرِيبًا مِنْكَ زَيْدًا [Verily Zeyd is in a place near to thee]; like as you say, إِنَّ قُرْبَكَ زَيْدًا. (Sb, TA.) b2: [Also Near in respect of time, whether future, as in the Kur xlii. 16, &c.; or past, as in the Kur lix. 15. And hence قَرِيبًا meaning Shortly after and before. And Nearly, as when one says, أَقَمْتُ بِالمَوْضِعِ قَرِيبًا مِنْ سَنَةٍ I remained, stayed, or abode, in the place nearly a year. Hence also the phrase عَنْ قَرِيبٍ:] see قُرْبٌ, near the middle. b3: And Near as meaning related by birth or by marriage: (S, O, Msb, K:) [and generally used as an epithet in which the quality of a subst. is predominant, meaning a relation, or relative:] in this sense it receives the fem. form, by universal consent; so that you say, هٰذِهِ المَرْأَةُ قَرِيبَتِى [This woman is my relation]: (Fr, S, O, Msb: *) and likewise the dual form; so that you say, [هُمَا قَرِيبَانِ and] هُمَا قَرِيبَتَانِ [They two are relations]: (AA, Msb:) [and it has a pl., namely, أَقْرِبَآءُ;] you say, هُمْ أَقْرِبَائِى and أَقَارِبِى (S, A, O, K) [and أَقْرَبِىَّ, this last originally أَقْرَبُوىَ; the first signifying They are my relations; and the second and third, properly, being pls. of ↓ أَقْرَبُ, They are my nearer, or nearest, or very near, relations; though in the T the second is said to be pl. of قَرِيبٌ; and in most of the copies of the K, but not in all, (for in some the first of these three words is omitted, as it is also in the TA,) it is implied that أَقْرِبَآءُ and أَقَارِبُ and أَقْرَبُونَ (which are mentioned in the Msb without any distinction of meaning) are all to be understood in the latter sense]: and قُرْبٌ [also] is a pl. of قَرِيبٌ [app. in the sense here assigned to it], like as غُرْبٌ is of غَرِيبٌ; (TA in art. زلف;) and قَرْبَى is allowable as a pl. of فَرِيبٌ: (T, TA:) the pl. of قَرِيبَةٌ is قَرَائِبُ. (T, Msb, TA.) And like as you say, هُوَ قَرِيبِى

[meaning He is my relation], as too you say, ↓ هُوَ ذُو قَرَابَتِى (S, O, K) and مِنِّى ↓ ذُو قَرَابَةٍ and منّى ↓ ذُو مَقْرُبَةٍ and مِنِّى ↓ ذُو قُرْبَى; (TA;) but not ↓ هُوَ قَرَابَتِى; (K;) [for only] the vulgar say this; as also هُمْ قَرَابَاتِى: (S, O:) or, accord. to Z, ↓ هُوَ قَرَابَتِى is allowable, being accounted for as a phrase in which the prefixed n. [ذُو] is suppressed; and it has moreover been asserted to be correct and chaste in verse and prose: ↓ قَرَابَةٌ also occurs in the trads. in the sense of أَقَارِبُ: it is said in the Nh to be an inf. n. used as an epithet, agreeably with general analogy: and in the Tes-heel it is said to be a quasi-pl. n. of قَرِيبٌ, like as صَحَابَةٌ is of صَاحِبٌ: (MF, TA:) [accord. to Mtr,] ↓ قَرَابَةٌ is correctly applicable to one and to a pl. number, as being originally an inf. n.; so that one says, هُو قَرَابَتِى and هُمْ قَرَابَتِى; though the chaste phrase is ذُو قَرَابَتِى applied to one; and ذَوَا قَرَابَتِى, to two; and ذَوُو قَرَابَتِى, to a pl. number. (Mgh.) b4: And [it is also applied to relationship:] one says, بَيْنَنَا نَسَبٌ قَرِيبٌ and ↓ قُرَابٌ [Between us is a near relationship]. (A.) b5: It signifies also Near, or allied, by affection and friendship. (TA voce تَنَسَّبَ.) [You say, فُلَانٌ قَرِيبٌ مِنَ النَّاسِ meaning Such a one is near, &c., or friendly and affectionate, to people, or mankind.] See also قُرْبَانٌ, last sentence. b6: And one says, مَا هُوَ بِعَالِمٍ

عَالِمٍ ↓ وَلَا قُرَابِ and عَالِمٍ ↓ قُرَابَةِ meaning قَرِيبِ عَالِمٍ

[i. e. He is not learned nor near learned]. (TA.) And مِنْ ذٰلِكَ ↓ مَا هُوَ بِشَبِيهِكَ وَلَا بِقُرَابَةٍ meaning وَلَا بِقَرِيبٍ مِنْ ذٰلِكَ [i. e. He is not the like of thee nor near that]; (S, O;) or مِنْكَ ↓ وَلَا بِقُرَابَةٍ

meaning بقَرِيبٍ [i. e., nor near the like of thee]. (K.) b7: فُلَانٌ قَرِيبُ الثَّرَى; and قَرِيبُ الثَّرَى بَعِيدُ النَّبَطِ: see in arts. ثرى and نبط.

A2: Also, (O, K, TA,) but in some of the lexicons written قِرِّيبٌ, (TA,) Salted fish, while yet in its recent, moist, state. (O, K, TA.) قَرَابَةٌ, (S, O, K,) which is originally an inf. n., (S,) [i. e., of قَرُبَ, as is also, app., every one of its syns. here following,] and ↓ قُرْبَى and ↓ قُرْبَةٌ and ↓ قُرُبَةٌ (S, O, K) and ↓ قُرْبٌ (S, O) and ↓ مَقْرُبَةٌ and ↓ مَقْرَبَةٌ (S, O, K) ↓ مَقْرِبَةٌ, (K,) all of them, (S, O, K,) or the first and ↓ قُرْبَى, (Msb,) signify Relationship, or relationship by the female side; (S, O, * Msb, K, * TA;) or the first has the former of these significations and ↓ قُرْبَى has the latter of them: (T, TA:) [in the S, القَرَابَةُ is expl. signifying القُرْبَى فِى الرَّحِمِ; and in the Mgh and Msb, it and ↓ القُرْبَى are expl. as being فِى الرَّحِمِ; but in the T, as cited in the TA, the former is expl. as being فِى النَّسَبِ, and ↓ القُرْبَى as being فِى الرَّحِمِ: see the first sentence of this art.:] you say, بَيْنِى وَبَيْنَهُ قَرَابَةٌ &c. [i. e. Between me and him is a relationship, or a relationship by the female side]. (S, O.) b2: See also قَرِيبٌ, latter half, in six places.

قُرَابَةٌ: see قُرْبٌ, first quarter: b2: and قِرَابٌ, in two places: and قَرِيبٌ, near the end, in three places. b3: قُرَابَةُ المُؤْمِنِ and ↓ قُرَابُهُ signify The believer's فِرَاسَة [i. e. insight, or intuitive perception, &c.]; (Fr, O, K;) and his opinion, which is near to knowledge and assurance: occurring in a trad., in which it is said that one is to beware thereof, because he looks with the light of God. (Fr, O, TA. [See also فِرَاسَةٌ.]) قِرَابَةٌ: see قَرَبَةٌ: A2: and see also قَرَبٌ.

جَاؤُوا قُرَابَى, (IDrd, O, K,) the latter word similar to فُرَادَى, (IDrd, O,) They came near together. (IDrd, O, K.) قُرَيْبَى [dim. of قُرْبَى]. دُونَ كُلِّ قُرَيْبَى قُرْبَى

[There is a relationship nearer than every relationship small in degree] is a prov. applied to him who asks of thee something wanted which one more nearly related to thee than he has asked of thee. (Meyd. [See another prov., app. similar in meaning and application, voce دَنِىٌّ, in art. دنو.]) قَرَّابٌ A maker of [what are called] قرب [app. قُرُب, pl. of قِرَابٌ; or perhaps قِرَب, pl. of قِرْبَةٌ]. (TA.) قَرْنَبٌ: &c.: see art. قرنب.

قَارِبٌ [part. n. of قَرَبَ said of a man journeying to water: and accord. to As and A'Obeyd, part. n. of أَقْرَبَ used in a similar sense; as such anomalous]. One seeking, or seeking to attain, [or journeying to,] water: so says Az, without specifying any time: (TA:) or, accord. to Kh, (S, O, TA,) one doing so by night; (S, O, K, TA;) not applied to one doing so by day. (S, O, TA.) And its pl. قَوَارِبُونَ signifies Persons whose camels are performing a journey such as is termed قَرَبٌ: (As, S, O:) see 4, latter half. The epithet applied to camels in this case is قَوَارِبُ; (S, O;) [of which see another explanation voce طَلَقٌ;] and this epithet is also used in relation to birds. (IAar, TA.) مَا لِى

قَارِبٌ وَلَا هَارِبٌ occurs in a trad., meaning I have not any that goes to water nor any that returns from it. (L, TA. [See also هَارِبٌ.]) and حِمَارٌ قَارِبٌ means An ass hastening on in the night of arriving at the water. (Lth, TA.) A2: Also A small سَفِينَة; (A, K;) i. e. (A,) [a skiff;] a ship's boat, used by the seamen as a convenient means af accomplishing their needful affairs; (S, A, O;) also called سُنْبُوكٌ [or سُنْبُوقٌ]: (A:) pl. قَوَارِبُ: and أَقْرُبٌ occurs in a trad., and is said to be also a pl. of قَارِبٌ; but IAth says that this is not known as a pl. قارب, unless as anomalous; and it is said that أَفْرُبُ السَّفِينَةِ means the nearest parts of the ship; i. e., the parts near [or next] to the land. (TA.) قَوْرَبٌ Water over which, or against which, one has not power, or with which one cannot cope, by reason of its copiousness. (O, K.) أَقْرَبُ Nearer, and nearest, in respect of place, and in respect of time, &c.]: see قَرِيبٌ, in the middle of the paragraph.

ظَهَرَتْ تَقَرُّبَاتُ المَآءِ (tropical:) The foretokens of water appeared; i. e. small pebbles, from seeing which the well-digger, when he has nearly reached a spring, infers that water is near. (A, TA.) مَقْرَبٌ (A, O, K) and ↓ مَقْرَبَةٌ (O, K) (tropical:) A near, or the nearest, road or way: (A, O, K, TA:) or a small road or way, leading into a great one; said to be from القَرَبُ signifying “ the journeying by night,” or “ the journeying [by night] to water: ” (TA:) or, the former, a conspicuous road or way; so says IAar: (TA voce مَطْرَبٌ:) and the latter, accord. to AA, a place of alighting or sojourning or abiding; from القَرَبُ signifying “ the ” journeying [by night &c.]: the pl. is مَقَارِبُ. (TA.) مُقْرَبٌ A horse that is brought [or kept] near [to the tent, or dwelling], and treated generously, and not left to seek for pasture: fem. with ة:] or this is done only with mares, lest a stallion of low race should cover them: (IDrd, S, O, K:) or خَيْلٌ مُقْرَبَةٌ signifies horses that are [kept] near at hand, and prepared [for riding]: (El-Ahmar, TA:) or horses that have been prepared by scant food (ضُمِّرَتْ) for riding: (Sh, TA:) or horses of generous race, that are not confined in the pasturage, but are confined near to the tents, or dwellings, prepared for running. (R, TA.) and إِبِلٌ مُقْرَبَةٌ Camels girded for riding: (Sh, O, K:) or camels upon which are saddles (رِحَال) cased with leather, whereon kings ride: but this explanation has been disallowed. (Aboo-Sa'eed [i. e. As], TA.) [See also مُكْرَبَاتٌ.]

مُقْرِبٌ A woman, and a mare, and a ewe or goat, (S, O,) and an ass, (Lth, TA,) near to bringing forth: (S, O, K, TA:) [said to be] not used in relation to a camel; (S, O, TA;) the epithet used in this case being مُدْنٍ: (TA:) [but see the verb:] the pl. is مَقَارِيبُ; (S, O, K, TA;) as though they had imagined the sing. to be مِقْرَابٌ. (TA.) مَقْرَبَةٌ: see قَرَابَةٌ: A2: and see also مَقْرَبٌ.

مَقْرُبَةٌ: see قَرَابَةٌ; and see also قَرِيبٌ, latter half.

مَقْرِبَةٌ: see قَرَابَةٌ.

المُقَرَّبُونَ: see الكَرُوبِيُّونَ.

A2: See also what here follows, in two places.

شَأْوٌ مُقَرِّبٌ and ↓ مُقَرَّبٌ, and هَلْ مِنْ مُقَرِّبَةِ خَبَرٍ and خَبَرٍ ↓ مُقَرَّبَةِ, occur thus written, probably by mistake, the ق being thus put in the place of غ: see [مُغَرِّبٌ in] art. غرب. (TA.) مُقَارَبٌ: see the next paragraph, in two places.

شَىْءٌ مُقَارِبٌ, with kesr to the ر (tropical:) A thing of a middling sort, between the good and the bad: (S, O, K: *) and also a cheap thing: (S, O:) and ثَوْبٌ مُقَارِبٌ a garment that is not good: (Msb:) you should not say ↓ مُقَارَبٌ, (ISk, S, O, Msb,) with fet-h: (ISk, Msb:) you say also رَجُلٌ مُقَارِبٌ [a man of a middling sort]: and مَتَاعٌ مُقَارِبٌ [a commodity, or commodities, &c., of a middling sort, or cheap]: (TA:) or you say دِينٌ مُقَارِبٌ with kesr, [meaning a religion of a middling sort], and ↓ مَتَاعٌ مُقَارَبٌ with fet-h, (K, TA,) meaning [a commodity, &c.,] not precious. (TA.) مُتَقَارِبٌ A short man: because his extremities are near together. (O.) b2: And المُتَقَارِبُ is the name of The fifteenth metre of verse; (O;) the metre composed of فَعُولُنٌ eight times; (O, K; *) and [one species of] فَعُولُنْ فَعُولُنْ فَعَلٌ twice: (K:) so called because its أَوْتَاد are near together; there being between every two of them one سَبَب. (O, K. *)

وضر

1 وَضِرَ, (M, Msb, K,) said of a vessel, (TA,) and وَضِرَتْ, said of a bowl, (قَصْعَةٌ, S,) aor. ـْ (Msb) and تَوْضَرُ, (S,) inf. n. وَضَرٌ, (S, Msb,) It was, or became, dirty, or filthy, (S, M, Msb, K,) with grease or gravy, or the dripping that exudes from flesh-meat, (S, M, K,) or otherwise, with what is termed وَضَرٌ. (M, K.) 2 وضّرهُ [He made it (a vessel) dirty, or filthy, with وَضَر, i. e., grease, or the like]. b2: كَانَ نَقِىَّ العِرْضِ فَوَضَّرَهُ بِالدَّنَآءَةِ [He was unsullied in honour, and he sullied it by baseness]. (A.) وَضَرٌ Dirt, or filth: (S, Msb): and grease, gravy, or dripping that exudes from flesh-meat or from fat; (S:) or the dirt of grease or gravy, or of what exudes from flesh-meat, and of milk: (M, A, K:) and (so in the M; but in the K, or) the washings of a skin that is used for milk or for water, and of a bowl and the like: (M, K:) [see خَضْرَآءُ الوَضَرِ voce عُشْبٌ:] and remains of هِنَآء [or tar] (AO, S, K) &c.: (AO, S:) [and feculence of clarified butter, adhering to the interior of a skin: see عَبَكَةٌ and عَبَقَةٌ:] and the soil, or stain, of saffron and the like; (K;) or of [the perfume called] خَلُوق, or of [other] perfume having a colour: and a mark that remains from what is not perfume: (TA:) pl. أَوْضَار. (K.) b2: Also, The odour, (A,) or what a man smells of the odour, (AA, S, K,) of food in a corrupt state. (AA, S, A, K.) b3: You say also of a man, فِى أَخْلَاقِهِ وَضَرٌ (tropical:) In his dispositions is foulness. And هُوَ ذُو أَوْضَارٍ (tropical:) He possesses foul qualities. (A.) وَضِرٌ Dirty, or filthy, (M, A, Msb, K,) with grease, or gravy, or what exudes from flesh-meat, or otherwise, with what is termed وَضَرٌ; (M, A, K;) applied to a vessel: (A:) fem. وَضِرَةٌ (M, A, K) and ↓ وَضْرَى; (M, K;) both applied to a woman; (M;) and the former, to a hand. (A.) See سَهِكٌ. b2: [Hence] الوَضْرَى (IAar, K) and ↓ الوَضْرَآءُ (A, Sgh, K) The anus; syn. الإِسْتُ, (A, TA,) and الفُنْدُورَةَ, (K, TA, [in the CK, الفِنْدِيرَةُ, which is a mistranscription,]) both of which signify the same. (TA.) b3: [Hence also,] فُلَانٌ وَضِرُ الأَخْلَاقِ (tropical:) Such a one is foul in dispositions. (A.) وَضْرَى and وَضْرَآءُ: see وَضِرٌ; the former in two places.