سر

ى1 سَرَى, (S, M, K,) or سَرَى اللَّيْلَ (Msb) and بِاللَّيْلِ, (Mgh, Msb,) aor. ـْ (K,) inf. n. سُرًى (S, M, Mgh, K) and مَسْرًى (S, K) and سَرْيَةٌ and سُرْيَةٌ (M, K) and سِرَايَةٌ; (S, * and TA as from the K, but not in the CK nor in my MS. copy of the K;) the first of a form rare among inf. ns., because it is one of the forms of pls., as is shown by the fact that some of the Arabs make it and هُدًى fem., namely, Benoo-Asad, supposing them to be pls. of سُرْيَةٌ and هُدْيَةٌ, (S,) and Lh knew not سُرًى but as a fem. noun; (M;) or the inf. n. is سَرْىٌ, and سُرْيَةٌ and سَرْيَةٌ are more special [in meaning, as will be shown below, voce سَرْيَةٌ], and سُرًى is pl. of سُرْيَةٌ; (Msb;) or سَرْيَةٌ is an inf. n. un., and سُرْيَةٌ is a simple subst., and so is سُرًى, (S, TA,) and so is سِرَايَةٌ (Msb, TA) also, as some say; (TA;) He journeyed, or travelled, by night, or in the night, (S, M, Mgh, Msb, K,) in a general sense; (M, K;) accord. to Az, in the first part part of the night, and in the middle thereof, and in the last part thereof; (Msb, TA;) and ↓ اسرى signifies the same (S, M, Mgh, Msb, K) in the dial. of El-Hijáz, (S, Msb,) inf. n. إِسْرَآءٌ; (M;) as also ↓ استرى; (M, K;) and perhaps ↓ تسرّى likewise. (Mgh.) [See also سُرًى and سَرْيَةٌ below.] It is said in a prov., ذَهَبُوا إِسْرَاءَ ↓ قُنْفُذٍ‏ [They went away in the manner of a hedge-hog's night-travelling; meaning they went away by night]; because the قنفذ goes all the night, not sleeping. (M.) b2: [Hence, as denoting unseen progress,] it is said also of the root of a tree, meaning It crept along beneath the ground; (Az, M, K;) aor. as above, (M,) inf. n. سَرْىٌ. (TA.) b3: And it is said of ideal things, as being likened to corporeal things; tropically, and by extension of the signification; (Msb, TA;) or metaphorically; [as, for instance,] of calamities, and wars, and anxieties: (M, TA:) and the predominant inf. ns. [in these cases] are سِرَايَةٌ and سَرَيَانٌ. (TA.) One says, سَرَى عِرْقُ السُّوْءِ فِى الإِنْسَانِ (tropical:) [The root, or strain, of evil crept in the man]. (Es-Sarakustee, Msb, TA.) And سَرَى فِيهِ السَّمُّ (tropical:) [The poison crept in him, or pervaded him]; and similarly one says of wine; and of the like of these two things. (El-Fárábee, Msb, TA. [See also دَبَّ.]) And the lawyers say, سَرَى الجُرْحُ إِلَى النَّفْسِ (tropical:) [The wound extended to the soul], meaning that the pain of the wound continued until death ensued in consequence thereof: (Mgh, * Msb, TA:) and قُطِعَ كَفُّهُ فَسَرَى إِلَى سَاعِدِهِ (tropical:) [His hand was cut off, and it extended to his upper arm], meaning that the effect of the wound passed by transmission: and سَرَى التَّحْرِيمُ, and العِتْقُ, (tropical:) The prohibition, and the emancipation, [extended, or] passed by transmission: phrases current among the lawyers, but not mentioned in books of repute, though agreeable with others here preceding and following. (Msb, TA.) One says also, سَرَى عَلَيْهِ الهَمُّ (tropical:) Anxiety came to him [or upon him] by night: and سَرَى هَمُّهُ (tropical:) His anxiety went away. (Msb, TA.) and similar to these is the phrase in the Kur [lxxxix. 3], وَاللَّيْلِ إِذَا يَسْرِ (tropical:) And by the night when it goes away: (Msb, TA:) or, as some say, when one journeys in it; like as one says لَيْلٌ نَائِمٌ meaning “ night in which one sleeps: ” the [final] ى [of the verb] is elided because it terminates a verse. (TA.) b4: It is made trans. by means of ب: (Msb:) one says, سَرَى بِهِ [He made him to journey, or travel, or he transported him, by night, or in the night; or it may be rendered he journeyed, or travelled, with him, by night, or in the night]; (M, Msb, K;) and in like manner, [and more commonly,] بِهِ ↓ أَسْرَى; (S, M, Msb, K;) and ↓ أَسْرَاهُ; (S, M, K;) like as one says, أَخَذَ بِالخِطَامِ as well as اخذ الخِطَامَ. (S.) As to the saying in the Kur [17:1], سُبْحَانَ الَّذِى أَسْرَى بِعَبْدِهِ لَيْلًا [Extolled be the glory of Him who transported his servant by night!], it is an instance of corroboration, (S, K, * TA,) like the saying, سِرْتُ أَمْسِ نَهَارًا and البَارِحَةَ لَيْلًا: (S, TA:) or the meaning is [simply] سَيَّرَهُ: (K, TA:) accord. to 'Alam-ed-Deen Es-Sakháwee, لَيْلًا is added, although الإِسْرَآء is not otherwise than by night, because the space over which he was transported is not to be traversed in less than forty days, but was traversed by him in one night; as though the meaning [intended] were, فِى لَيْلٍ وَاحِدٍ; and it denotes wonder: لَيْلًا is here used instead of لَيْلَةً because when they say سَرَى لَيْلَةً the meaning generally is he occupied the whole of the night in journeying: Er-Rághib holds the verb in this instance to be from سَرَاةٌ signifying “ a wide tract of land,” to belong to art. سرو, and to be like أَجْبَلَ and أَتْهَمَ; the meaning being, who transported his servant over a wide tract of land: but this is strange. (TA.) A2: سَرَى مَتَاعَهُ, (M, K,) aor. ـْ (M, TA,) inf. n. سَرْىٌ, (TA,) He threw his goods, or utensils and furniture, upon the back of his beast. (M, K.) b2: And سَرَى عَنِّى الثَّوْبَ, inf. n. سَرْىٌ, He removed from over me the garment: but و is more approved [as the final radical: see 1 in art, سرو]. (M, TA.) You say, سَرَيْتُ الثَّوْبَ and ↓ سَرَّيْتُهُ I pulled off the garment: and عَنْهُ ↓ سُرِّىَ It was removed from over him, and removed from its place: the teshdeed denotes intensiveness. (TA.) 2 سرّى, (K,) or سرّى سَرِيَّةً, (TA,) inf. n. تَسْرِيَةٌ, He (the leader of an army, TA) detached a سَرِيَّة [q. v.] (K, TA) to the enemy by night. (TA.) b2: سرّى العَرَقَ عَنْ بَدَنِهِ, inf. n. as above, He exuded the sweat from his body. (TA.) b3: See also 1, last sentence, in two places.4 أَسْرَىَ see 1, in the former half of the paragraph, in two places: b2: and again, in the latter half, in three places. b3: See also 4 in art. سرو.5 تَسَرَّىَ see 1, first sentence.8 إِسْتَرَىَ see 1, first sentence.

سُرًى, [said by some to be an inf. n., by some to be a simple subst., and by some to be pl. of سُرْيَةٌ, or supposed to be so, and therefore made fem., as mentioned in the first sentence of this art.,] meaning A journeying, or travelling, by night, or in the night, in a general sense, is masc. and fem., (M, K,) by some of the Arabs made fem., (S,) and not known to Lh but as a fem. noun. (M.) It is said in a prov., عِنْدَ الصَّبَاحِ يَحْمَدُ القَوْمُ السُّرَى

[At daybreak, the party commend night-journeying]: applied to the man who endures difficulty, or distress, or fatigue, hoping for rest, or ease: (Meyd:) and in inciting to labour for the accomplishment of an affair with patience, and to dispose and subject the mind, until one commends the result thereof. (Har p. 555, q. v.) سَرَاةٌ: see art. سرو.

سَرْيَةٌ and ↓ سُرْيَةٌ are inf. ns. of سَرَى: (M, K:) or have a more special signification than the inf. n. of that verb, which is سَرْىٌ: one says, سَرَيْنَا سَرْيَةً مِنَ اللَّيْلِ and ↓ سُرْيَةً [We journeyed by night a journey of the night]: and the pl. of ↓ سُرْيَةٌ is [said to be] سُرًى: (Msb:) or one says, سَرَيْنَا سَرْيَةً وَاحِدَةً [We journeyed by night a single night-journey]: and the subst. [signifying a journeying, or travelling, by night, or in the night,] is ↓ سُرْيَةٌ, and سُرًى. (S, TA.) سُرْيَةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph, in four places.

سِرْيَةٌ meaning An arrow-head, (As, M, TA,) such as is small, short, round and smooth, having no breadth, (M, TA,) is a dial. var. of سِرْوَةٌ [q. v.], (As, TA,) or formed from the latter word by the substitution of ى for و because of the kesreh: (M, TA:) accord. to the K, ↓ سَرِيَّةٌ signifies a small round arrow-head; but this is a mistake; the correct word being سِرْيَةٌ, with kesr, and without teshdeed to the ى. (TA.) A2: It is also a dial. var. of سِرْوَةٌ signifying The locust in its first state, when it is a larva. (S in art. سرو.) سَرَآءٌ A certain tree, (AHn, S, M, K,) from which bows are made, (AHn, S, M,) the wood whereof is of the best of woods, and which is of the trees of the mountains: (AHn, M:) ElGhanawee El-Aarábee says, the نَبْع and شَوْحَط [q. v.] and سَرَآء are one: (TA in art. شحط:) [it is also mentioned in the TA in art. سرأ:] n. un.

سَرَآءَةٌ. (M, K.) سَرِىٌّ i. q. نَهْرٌ [A river, &c.]: (Th, M:) or a rivulet, or streamlet: (S, M, Msb:) or a rivulet running to palm-trees: (M, K:) pl. [of pauc.]

أَسْرِيَةٌ (S, M, K) and [of mult.] سُرْيَانٌ: (Sb, S, M, Msb, K:) أَسْرِيَآءُ as its pl. has not been heard. (S.) Thus it has been expl. as occurring in the Kur xix. 24. (M, TA.) A2: See also art. سرو.

سَرِيَّةٌ A portion of an army: (S, Msb:) of the measure فَعِيلَةٌ in the sense of the measure فَاعِلَةٌ; because marching by night, privily; (Mgh, Msb;) thus originally, and afterwards applied also to such as march by day: (Ham p. 45:) or it may be from الاِسْتِرَآءُ “ the act of choosing, or selecting; ” because a company chosen from the army: (Mgh: [but if so, belonging to art. سرو:]) from five persons to three hundred: (M, K:) or four hundred: (K:) or, of horsemen, about four hundred: (M:) or the best thereof, (S,) or the utmost, (Nh,) consists of four hundred: (S, Nh:) or, accord. to the “ Fet-h el-Bári,” from a hundred to five hundred: (TA:) or nine, and more than this; three, and four, and the like being termed طَلِيعَةٌ, not سَرِيَّةٌ: but it is related of the Prophet that he sent a single person as a سَرِيَّة: (Mgh:) the pl. is سَرَايَا (S, Msb) and سَرِيَّاتٌ. (Msb.) A2: See also سِرْيَةٌ.

سِرَايَةٌ A journeying, or travelling, by night, or in the night: (S, Msb, TA:) an inf. n.; (TA as from the K; [see 1, first sentence;]) or a simple subst. (Msb, TA.) سَرَيَانِىٌّ, from the inf. n. سَرَيَانٌ, Pervasive: occurring in philosophical works, and probably post-classical.]

السُّرْيَانِيَّةُ The Syriac language.]

سَرَّآءٌ One who journeys much, or often, by night. (K.) سَارٍ Journeying, or travelling, by night, or in the night, in a general sense: (M, TA: *) pl. سُرَاةٌ. (TA.) b2: Hence, because of his going [about] by night, (TA,) السَّارِى signifies The lion; as also ↓ المُسَارِى and ↓ المُسْتَرِى. (K, TA.) سَارِيَةٌ A party, or company of men, journeying by night. (Er-Rághib, TA.) b2: And A cloud that comes by night: (S, Msb:) or clouds that travel by night: (K:) or a cloud that is between that which comes in the early morning and that which comes in the evening: [perhaps thus termed as having previously travelled in the night:] or, accord. to Lh, a rain that comes in the night: (M, TA:) pl. سَوَارِى [app. a mistranscription for سَوَارٍ, being indeterminate]. (K, TA.) b3: One says, جَآءَ صَبِيحَةَ سَارِيَةٍ He came in the morning of a night in which was rain. (TA.) b4: and the pl. السَّارِيَاتُ signifies The asses: (M:) or the wild asses: (TA:) because they rest not by night: (M:) or because they pasture by night. (TA.) A2: Also A column, syn. أُسْطُوَانَةٌ, (S, M, Msb, K,) of stone, or of baked bricks; so in the “ Bári': ” (TA:) pl. سَوَارٍ. (Mgh.) b2: [And A mast: see حَنَّ and صَرَّ: and see also صَارِيَةٌ.]

أَسْرَى [More, and most, used to night-journeying]. أَسْرَى مِنْ قُنْفُذٍ [More used to go about by night than a hedge-hog] is a prov. of the Arabs. (TA.) [See also the same word in art. سرو.]

مَسْرًى may be a n. of place and a n. of time, [signifying A place, and a time, of night-journeying,] as well as an inf. n. (Ham p. 23.) It is [used also in a larger sense, as] syn. with مَذْهَبٌ [A place, and a time, of going &c.: a way by which one goes &c.]. (Har p. 540.) المُسَارِى: see سَارٍ, above.

المُسْتَرَى: see سَارٍ, above.

المُتَسَرِّى He who goes forth in, or among, the [company termed] سَرِيَّة. (IAth, TA.)

سطن

2 سطّن a verb of which only the pass. part. n. (q. v. infrà) is mentioned: if used, app. signifying He supported upon أَسَاطِين, i. e. columns: b2: and hence, upon long legs: b3: and he made firm.]

سَاطِنٌ i. q. خَبِيثٌ [Bad, corrupt, &c.; like شَاطِنٌ]. (M, L, K.) أَسْطَانٌ [a pl. of which the sing. is not mentioned] Vessels of صُفْر [or brass]. (L, K.) أُسْطُوَانٌ, an arabicized word, (Az, L,) [app. from the Pers\. أُسْتُونْ, like the word next following,] A man long in the legs and back. (M, L.) And A camel long in the neck, (M, L, K,) or (K) high. (S, M, L, K.) b2: What is termed أُسْتُوَانُ البَيْتِ is well known [app. meaning The pole of the tent: (see what next follows:) and this seems to be the primary signification]. (M, L.) أُسْطُوَانَةٌ a word of well-known meaning, (S, L,) arabicized from [the Pers\.] أُسْتُوِنْ [which signifies the same], (K,) i. q. سَارِيَةٌ [meaning A column, of stone or of baked bricks]: (S, M, L, Msb, K:) pl. أَسَاطِينُ (S, M, * L, Msb, K *) and أُسْطُوَانَاتٌ: (Msb:) it is of the measure أُفْعُوَالَةٌ, (S, L, Msb, K,) because its pl. is أَسَاطَينُ, the ن being radical, (L, Msb,) accord. to Kh (Msb) and Fr, who says that it is the only instance of this measure; (L;) or of the measure فُعْلُوَانَةٌ, (S, L, K,) accord. to Akh, but, (J says, L,) if so, the و is augmentative and has next to it two augmentative letters, and this is scarcely ever, or never, the case; (S, L;) IB, however, says that this is the true measure, as is shown by its pl., أَسَاطِينُ, and its dim., ↓ أُسَيْطِينَةٌ: (L:) accord. to some, it is of the measure أُفْعُلَانَةٌ, (S, L, Msb,) but, if it were so, it would not have for its pl. أَسَاطِينُ, as there is no instance of the measure أَفَاعِينُ. (S, L.) b2: [Also A portico. Hence, أَهْلُ الــأُسْطُوَانَةِ The Stoics. b3: And A cylinder.]

b4: And The legs of a beast: (K:) [or rather the pl.] أَسَاطِينُ has this meaning. (L.) b5: And The penis. (K.) أُسَيْطِينَةٌ dim. of أُسْطُوَانَةٌ, q. v. (IB, L.) مُسَطَّنٌ [app. Supported upon أَسَاطِين, i. e. columns. b2: And hence,] A man, and a beast, having long legs. (L.) b3: And أَسَاطِينُ مُسَطَّنَةٌ (S, M, L, K,) [Columns] made firm. (K.)

رول

2 روّل, (Lth, T, S,) inf. n. تَرْوِيلٌ, (S,) He (a horse) slavered in his مِخْلَاة [or nose-bag]. (Lth, T, S.) [See also رَالَ in art. ريل.] b2: He discharged his urine interruptedly and convulsively. (Sh, T.) b3: He (a horse) put forth his yard for the purpose of staling. (A'Obeyd, T, S, M, K.) And (M, in the K “ or,”) He extended his penis feebly: (M, K: *) or he emitted his semen before access to the woman. (K.) A2: Also, (inf. n. as above, T, S, K,) He seasoned a cake of bread with grease or fat, or melted grease or fat, or the like, (M, K,) and with clarified butter: (M:) or he rubbed it with clarified butter, (As, T, M, K,) and with grease, or gravy, or dripping: (As, T, M:) or he rubbed it hard, or much, with clarified butter: (S:) or he soaked bread in clarified butter; and the like: (Ham p. 114:) or he made his food, (M,) or a cake of bread, (K,) very greasy: (M, K:) i. q. رَوَّغَ [q. v.]. (JK and TA in art. روغ.) رُوَالٌ and ↓ رَاوُولٌ, (As, T, S, M, K,) the former also with ء, [رُؤَالٌ,] as mentioned in art. رالٌ, (TA,) but not the latter, for the Arabs do not pronounce a word of this [class and] measure with ء, (S, TA,) and A'Obeyd says that it is without ء, or, accord. to ISk, it is [also] with ء, (M and TA in art. رأل,) Slaver: (IAar and T in explanation of the former, and S in explanation of both:) [like رِيَالٌ, mentioned in art. ريل:] one says رَجُلٌ كَثِيرُ الرُّوَالِ A man having much slaver: (IAar, T: in one copy of the T الرُّؤَال:) and فُلَانٌ يَسِيلُ رُوَالُهُ Such a one, his slaver flows: (S:) or both signify the slaver of horses and similar beasts, (As, T, M, K,) and of children: (As, T:) or the former signifies peculiarly the froth, or foam, of the horse: (M, K: *) accord. to Lth, the saliva of the horse or similar beast. (T.) [See رُؤَالٌ, in art. رأل.]

A2: See also the next paragraph.

رَائِلٌ Falling in drops. (AA, T, K.) رُوَالٌ رَائِلٌ means Slaver falling in drops. (AA, T.) and (K) it has an intensive signification, [app. meaning Much slaver,] (M, K,) like شِعْرٌ شَاعِرٌ. (M.) A2: Also, (M, K,) and ↓ رَاوُولٌ, (S, TA,) but disallowed in this sense by As, (T, S,) in the K, erroneously, ↓ رُوَالٌ, (TA, [see also رُؤَالٌ, in art. رأل,]) A redundant tooth, (S, M, K,) in a man and a horse, (S,) not growing in the manner of the أَضْرَاس [or other teeth]: (M, K:) or رَائِلٌ and ↓ رَائِلَةٌ signify a tooth that grows to a horse or similar beast, preventing him from drinking [with ease] and from [eating in the manner termed]

قَضْمٌ: (Lth, T:) accord. to ISh, رَوَائِلُ [pl. of ↓ رَائِلَةٌ] signifies small teeth that grow at the roots of the large teeth, and excavate the roots of the latter so that these fall out: (T:) [and] so رَوَاوِيلُ: (TA:) or this last, which is pl. of ↓ رَاوُولٌ, signifies redundant teeth that are behind the [other] teeth; as also رَوَاوِلُ, with the ى elided. (Ham p. 818.) رَائِلَةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph, in two places.

رَاوُولٌ: see رُوَالٌ: A2: and see also رَائِلٌ, in two places.

مِرْوَلٌ, (IAar, T, K, in one copy of the T مُرَوِّلٌ,) like مِنْبَرٌ, (K,) A man having much slaver. (IAar, T, K.) b2: And [Bread, or food,] soft with seasoning. (IAar, T, TA.) b3: And A horse much affecting to act as a stallion. (IAar, T, TA.) A2: Also A piece of a weak rope: (AHn, M, K:) and a piece of a rope of which no use is made. (AHn, M.) مُرَوِّلٌ [see 2, of which it is a part. n.:] One whose penis is, or becomes, flaccid: so accord. to IAar. (T.)

نطس

1 نَطِسَ, aor. ـَ (S, K,) inf. n. نَطَسٌ, (S,) He was, or became, learned, or knowing, (K,) in affairs, and skilful therein: (TA:) or he exa mined things minutely, and attained the utmost knowledge of them. (S.) 4 مَا أَنْطَسَهُ How intelligent and knowing is he in affairs! (TA.) 5 تنطّس He took extraordinary pains, or exceeded the usual bounds, in cleansing or purifying himself, or in removing himself far from unclean things or impurities: (As, S:) or he shunned, or removed himself far from, unclean things: (M, A, K:) and he was dainty, nice, exquisite, refined, or scrupulously nice, and exact, syn. تَأَتَّقَ, (As, M, A, K,) in cleanliness; (K;) and in speech, (A, K,) so as never to speak otherwise than chastely; (TA;) and in diet and apparel, (A, K,) so as never to eat or wear anything but what was clean, (A,) or so as never to eat anything but what was clean nor wear anything but what was good; (TA;) and in all affairs. (K.) It is said in a trad. of 'Omar, لَوْ لَا التَّنَطَّسُ مَا بَالَيْتُ

أَلَّا أَغْسِلَ يَدِى, (S, M,) i. e., Were it not for the being scrupulously nice and exact, I had not cared for my not washing my hand. (M.) b2: تنطّس فِيهِ He examined it (anything) minutely. (A.) b3: تنطّس الأَخْبَارَ, (S,) or عَنِ الأَخْبَارِ, (M, A,) He searched, or sought, for, or after, news, or tidings; searched or inquired into, investigated, scrutinized, or examined, news, or tidings. (S, M, A.) نَطْسٌ: see نَطِسٌ; the former, in two places; and the latter, in four.

نَطُسٌ: see نَطِسٌ; the former, in two places; and the latter, in four.

نَطِسٌ Learned, or knowing; (A, K;) as also ↓ نَطُسٌ (K) and ↓ نَطْسٌ (A, K) and ↓ نِطَاسِىٌّ and ↓ نَطَاسِىٌّ: (K:) or learned, or knowing, in affairs, and skilful therein: as also ↓ نَطُسٌ and ↓ نَطْسٌ: (ISk, TA:) intelligent, or skilful, and scrupulously nice and exact (مُتَنَوِّقٌ), in affairs: (A:) or one who examines things minutely, and attains the utmost knowledge of them: as also ↓ نَطُسٌ and ↓ مُتَنَطِّسٌ: (S:) or learned, or knowing, in affairs: skilful in physic &c.: as also ↓ نَطُسٌ and ↓ نِطِّيسٌ and ↓ نِطَاسِىٌّ: (M:) or ↓ نِطّيسٌ (S, A, K, TA) and ↓ نِطَاسِىٌّ (S, TA) and ↓ نَطَاسِىٌّ, (A'Obeyd, S,) a student of physic, (S, K, TA,) who examines it minutely; (TA;) or learned, or knowing, in physic; in Greek نُسْطَاس γνώστης]: (A, TA: *) and ↓ مُتَنَطِّسٌ one who is dainty, nice, exquisite, refined, or scrupulously nice and exact (مُتَنَوِّقٌ), and who chooses or selects [what is best]; (IAar;) or any one who takes extraordinary pains, or exceeds the usual bounds, in a thing: (M:) also

↓ نَطِيسٌ, [without teshdeed,] a skilful man: (TA:) and ↓ نُطُسٌ, [pl. of نَطِسٌ or نَطُسٌ or نَطْسٌ,] skilful physicians. (A, K.) b2: Also, One who shuns, or removes himself far from, unclean things; (K, TA;) who is scrupulously nice and exact (مُتَأَنِّقٌ) in affairs: (TA:) and نَطِسَةٌ a woman who shuns, or removes herself far from, foul, evil, or unseemly, things: (AA, TA.) and نُطُسٌ, [pl. of نَطِسٌ,] men who do thus: (K, TA:) and ↓ نُطَسَةٌ a man who shuns much, or removes himself very far from, unclean things, and is very dainty, nice, exquisite, refined, or scrupulously nice and exact (كَثِيرُ التّأَنُّقِ) in cleanliness, and in speech, and in diet and apparel, and in all affairs. (K, * TA.) See 5.

نُطُسٌ: see نَطِسٌ, throughout.

نُطَسَةٌ: see نَطِسٌ, throughout.

نَطِيسٌ: see نَطِسٌ, throughout.

نَِطَاسِىٌّ: see نَطِسٌ, throughout.

نِطِّيسٌ: see نَطِسٌ, throughout.

نَاطِسٌ, (accord. to one copy of the S, and the L, and the CK, and a MS. copy of the K,) or ↓ نَاطُوسٌ, (accord. to the TA. as from the K,) or both, (accord. to one copy of the S,) A spy, who searches for news, or tidings, and then brings them. (S, L, K, TA.) نَاطُوسٌ: see نَاطسٌ.

مُتَنَطِّسٌ: see نَطِسٌ, in two places.

بدل: بَدَل، بَدَل القصاص: غيّره (بوشر).
وبَدَل الكاهن: لبس البدلة، نصرانية عامية (محيط المحيط).
بَدَّل (بالتضعيف) غيرَّ وحرّف (الكالا) يقال مثلا: بدّل الصورة: غيرها وحولها إلى أخرى. - ومسخ (الكالا) فهو مُبَدّل: مشوه، مسخ.
وتبديل: تشويه، مسخ، تحريف - وصفق الشراب نقله من إناء إلى آخر (الكالا) - وبدّل دينه: غيره وبالتالي أفسده (أبو الوليد 141) والفاعل لذلك: مُبَدِّل (أبو الوليد 137) - ومرق من الدين، وارتد (كرتاس 223).
وبدَّل مسكنه: تحول عنه (الكالا)، وفيه: تبدل المسكن: التحول عنه - والمعنى الذي ذكره فريتاج رواية عن رابسكه وهو: تبدل الشيء بشيء آخر غيره، موجود أيضاً عند ألكالا. - وبدّل ثيابه: لبس لباس الكهنوت (محيط المحيط) - وبدَّل اللون: غيَّره (شحب أو احمر) (ألكالا). - ومُبدَّل الوجه: مقنعه (الكالا) - وبدل الموضع: غيره (بوشر).
تبدل: يقال تبدل الشيء بالشيء: أخذه بدله ففي ألف ليلة 1: 44 مثلاً: والنوم من عيني تبدل بالسهر (النوم من عيني معناه نوم عيني) - كما يقال تبدل من الشيء بالشيء (معجم مسلم).
وفي عباد 1: 59 مثلاً:
تبدلت من عز ظل البنود ... بذل الحديد وثقل القيود
وتبدل الاتراح بالأفراح أو الأفراح بالاتراح على غفلة: تقلب الأحوال (بوشر).
وتبدل ثيابه: غيرها - وتبدل: تنكر، تخفى (بوشر) - وتبدل: لبس بدلة الكهنوت (محيط المحيط) - وتبدل تشوه وجهه وسمج (الكالا) - وتبدل فلان وفلان: لاط كل واحد منهما بالآخر (الكالا).
تبادل: تناوب وتعاقب، عمل بالنوبة (بوشر).
انبدل: تغير واستحالت هيئته (فوك، أبو الوليد 477) والانبدال وهو مصدر انبدل معناه استحالة الهيئة ومسخها (بوشر). ابتدل: أبدل الحروف، ففي أبو الوليد 132: ابتدال بعض الحروف ببعض، وفيه ص338 و 352: هذا الحرف يبتدل من صاحبه. وقد جاء هذا في مواضع أخرى منه، باين سميث 1286.
استبدل: بدل وأبدل، ويأتي بعدها المُبدَل مفعولاً وتلحق الباء بالبديل، ففي الثعالبي طبعة فالتون ص19: إنا خلعنا أباك وملكناك لتستبدل إساءته بإحسانك (انظر 34 رقم 4).
بَدَل: مساو، معادل، كفء (بوشر) - وانظر عن الأولياء المسمون بالابدال: زيشر 20: 38 رقم 50 ودى سلان ترجمة ابن خلطان 3: 98.
بَدْلَة: كسوة، حلة، وبهذه اللفظ يجب تبديل ما ذكرته في الملابس ص396 رقم 2 (انظر: لين 174. معجم متفرقات مادة بدن).
وبدلة الكاهن: حلته الكهنوتية (بوشر، محيط المحيط - وثوب، كساء (بوشر، همبرت 19).
وقد أخطأ دي غويه في معجم متفرقات حين فسر بهذا المعنى العبارتين اللتين نقلهما من ألف ليلة فالكلمة المذكورة فيهما تعني: حلة، كسوة كما يرد دائما في ألف ليلة ومعناها الصحيح هو الذي أشار إليه صاحب محيط المحيط.
ثم إن دي غويه قد أخطأ حين رأى أن ((بدنة)) هي صورة أخرى من ((بدلة)) وكان عليه أن يبدل ((بدنة)) ببدلة في النص الذي نشره. - والبديل من الدواب وهي كلاب أو خيل تبدل بها الكلاب أو الخيل المتعبة (بوشر).
بُدْلَة: حلة الكاهن، وهي ثوب بلا كمين يرتديه الكاهن عند إقامة القداس (برجرن).
بَدال: هي في كلام عامة مصر والشام بمعنى بَدَل وهو العوض والخلف والقائم مقام الشيء (بركهارت أمثال رقم 143، وبوشر، محيط المحيط).
بديلة = بديل (أبو الوليد 803، باين سميث 1289 - والزوجة تخلف أخرى (محيط المحيط).
بادلان: هي تماما الكلمة الإيطالية Potella وهو ضرب من المحار يؤكل وتشبه صدفته الصحن. وقد كتبها باجني 93 بَدَلا badalà وبالإيطالية patella وفي معجم بوشر: بادلان: محار ( huître) .
إبدال: وضع شيء بدل شيء واتخاذه عوضاً منه (بوشر).
تَبْدِيل: تنكر، تغيير الزي والهيئة (بوشر).
مُتَبدل: قابل التحول والتغير (الكالا).

بدل

1 بَدَلَ, inf. n. بَدَالٌ: see 2, in three places.2 تَبْدِيلٌ properly signifies [The changing, or altering, a thing; or] the changing, or altering, the form, or fashion, or semblance, or the quality, or condition, [of a thing,] to another form, &c., while the substance remains the same; (Th, T, TA;) or the changing a thing from its state, or condition; (Ibn-'Arafeh, TA;) or the changing a thing without substitution: (S:) but the Arabs have used it also in the sense of ↓ إِبْدَالٌ, (Mbr, T, TA,) which signifies [the changing a thing by substitution; exchanging it; replacing it with another thing; or] the removing, or displacing, the substance [of a thing], and introducing anew another substance. (Th, T, TA.) You say, بَدَّلْتُهُ, inf. n. تَبْدِيلٌ, (M, * Msb, K,) meaning I changed it, or altered it; (M, K) or I changed, or altered, the form, or fashion, or semblance, or the quality, or condition, of it; (Msb;) as in the phrase, بَدَّلْتُ الخَاتَمَ بِالحَلْقَةِ [I changed, or altered, the signet-ring into the simple ring], said when one has melted the former and made of it a simple ring; (Fr, T, TA;) and بَدَّلَ اللّٰهُ السَّيِئَّاتِ حَسَنَاتٍ [God changed the evil deeds into good deeds]; the verb being doubly trans. by itself because it has the meaning of جَعَلَ and صَيَّرَ. (Msb. [But see what follows.]) ↓ أَبْدَلْتُهُ بِكَذَا, [in the S, أَبْدَلْتُ الشَّىْءَ بِغَيْرِهِ, without explanation,] inf. n. إِبْدَالٌ, [I changed it by substituting for it such a thing, or exchanged it for such a thing, or replaced it with such a thing,] is said when one has removed the first, and put the second in its place; (Msb;) as in the phrase, أَبْدَلْتُ الخَاتَمَ بِالحَلْقَةِ [I changed the signet-ring by substituting for it the simple ring; exchanged the signet-ring for the simple ring; or replaced the signet-ring with the simple ring]; said when one removes the one, and puts the other in its place: (Fr, T, TA:) and this verb is also made doubly trans. by itself, like بَدَّلْتُ, (Msb,) which is used in the sense of أَبْدَلْتُ [as shown above]; (Mbr, T, TA;) for instance, where it is said, [in the Kur lxvi. 5,] عَسَى رَبُّهُ إِنْ طَلَّقَكُنَّ أَنْ يُبْدِلَهُ

أَزْوَجًا خَيْرًا مِنْكُنَّ [May-be, his Lord, if he divorce you, will give him in exchange wives better than you]; accord to one reading, يُبَدِّلَهُ (Msb.) An ex. of the latter of these two verbs in the sense of the former is the saying in the Kur [xxv. 70], يُبَدِّلُ اللّٰهُ سَيِّآتِهِمْ حَسَنَاتٍ [God will change their evil deeds by substituting for them good deeds]; i. e. will cancel the evil deeds and put in their place good deeds: but in the saying in the Kur [iv. 59], كُلَّمَا نَضِجَتْ جُلُودُهُمْ بَدَّلْنَاهُمْ جُلُودًا غَيْرَهَا [Whenever their skins are thoroughly burned, we will change the condition thereof to them into the condition of other skins], the meaning is, that the first condition of their skins shall be restored; so that the substance is one, but the condition is different. (Mbr, T, TA.) You say also, بَدَّلَهُ اللّٰهُ مَنَ الخَوْفِ أَمْنًا [God gave him in exchange for fear, or in lieu of fear, security]. (S.) [and بَدَّلَهُ بِهِ كَذَا He gave him in exchange for it, or in lieu of it, such a thing: see Kur xxxiv. 15.

And بدّل مَكَانَهُ كَذَا He gave in exchange for it, or in lieu of it, such a thing: see Kur vii. 93 and xvi. 103.] بَدَّلَ حُسْنًا بَعْدَ سُوْءٍ, in the Kur [xxvii. 11], means He hath done good [by way of exchange after evil]; i. e., repented; (Jel;) or بَدَّلَ ذَنْبُهُ بِالتَوْبَةِ [hath exchanged his sin for repentance]. (Bd.) تَبْدِيلٌ and ↓ إِبْدَالٌ both signify The act of exchanging [a thing for another thing]; or making [a thing] to be a substitute [for another thing]; (KL, PS;) and so does ↓ بَدَالٌ. (KL.) You say, بدّل الشَّىْءَ مِنَ الشَىْءِ, (M, K, *) and مِنْهُ ↓ ابدلهُ, i. e. اِتَّخَذَهُ مِنْهُ بَدلًا [here meaning He exchanged the thing for the thing; or, more literally, he made the thing a substitute for the thing]. (M, K. [In the text of the former of these, as given in the TT, instead of اِتَّخَذَهُ, I find تَخِذَ (a dial. var. of اِتَّخَذَ) without the affixed pronoun, which is meant to be understood or is omitted inadvertently by the transcriber: and here it should be observed, that the explanation which I have rendered as above admits of another meaning, namely, أَخَذَهُ مِنْهُ بَدَلًا

“he took it as a substitute for it:” in the M, immediately before, أَخَذَهُ مِنْهُ بَدَلًا is given as the explanation of the phrases تبدّل الشَّىْءَ and بِالشَّىْءِ, and استبدلهُ and بِهِ: see 10.]) You say also, الثَّوْبَ بِغَيْرِهِ ↓ بَدَلْتُ, aor. ـُ [inf. n. بَدَالٌ, mentioned and explained above, I exchanged the garment, or piece of cloth, for another; or made it to be a substitute for another;] and ↓ اِسْتَبْدَلْتُهُ بِغَيْرِهِ signifies the same. (Msb. [But the latter phrase has more frequently another meaning, explained below: see 10.]) [↓ ابدلهُ in the phrases ابدلهُ كَذَا as meaning He changed it into, or substituted for it, such a thing, and ابدلهُ مِنْ كَذَا as meaning he changed it from, or substituted it for, such a thing, is more common than بدّله, which is used in the same sense; as ↓ بَدَلَهُ is also; for] AO applies the term ↓ مَبْدُولٌ [in lieu of the more common term ↓ مُبْدَلٌ] to a letter that is changed from another letter, as in مَدَهْتُهُ for مَدَحْتُهُ; and this shows that بَدَلْتُ is trans. [and signifies I changed, &c.]. (Az, TA.) 3 مُبَادَلَةٌ and ↓ تَبَادَلٌ signify the same, (S,) namely, The act of exchanging with another or others. (PS.) You say, بادلهُ, inf. n. مُبَادَلَةٌ and بِدَالٌ [in the CK erroneously written with fet-h to the ب], He exchanged, or made an exchange, with him; or] he gave him the like of that which he took, or received, from him; (IDrd, * M, K;) for instance, a garment, or piece of cloth, in the place of another; (Lth, T, Msb, * in explanation of the former inf. n.;) and a brother in the place of a brother. (Lth, T.) And ↓ تَبَادَلَا They exchanged, or made an exchange, each with the other; or each gave to the other the like of that which he took, or received, from him. (TA.) نُبَادِلُهْ, ending a verse of El-Kulákh, means for whom we would take a substitute: El-Marzookee says, it is for نُبَادِلُ بِهِ النَّاسَ [for whom we would make an exchange with the people]; the preposition being suppressed. (Ham p. 465.) 4 ابدلهُ, inf. n. إِبْدَالٌ: see 2, in five places.5 تبدّل It (a thing, M) became changed, or altered. (M, K.) b2: In the saying of the rájiz, فَبُدِّلَتْ وَالدَّهْرُ ذُو تَبَدُّلِ the meaning is, ذو تَبْدِيل [i. e. the meaning of the whole is, And, or but, she was changed, or altered; for time has the property of changing, or altering]. (M.) A2: See also 10, in three places.6 تَبَاْدَلَ see 3, in two places.10 استبدل الشَّىْءَ and بِالشَّىْءِ, and ↓ تبدّلهُ and بِهِ, (M, K, *) He took a substitute, or a thing in exchange, for the thing. (M.) You say, استبدل الشَّىْءَ بِغَيْرِهِ, and بِهِ ↓ تبدّلهُ, He took the thing [as a substitute, or in exchange, for another; or] in the place of another. (S.) And استبدل ثَوْبًا مَكَانَ ثَوْبٍ [He took a garment, or piece of cloth, in the place, or in lieu, of a garment, &c.]; and أَخًا مَكَانَ أَخٍ [a brother in the place, or in lieu, of a brother]. (Lth, T.) It is said in the Kur [ii. 58], أَتَسْتَبْدِلُونَ الَّذِى هُوَ أَدْنَى بِالَّذِى هُوَ خَيْرٌ Will ye take in exchange that which is worse for that which is better? (Jel. [See also other exs. in the Kur ix. 39 and xlvii. last verse.]) and الكُفْرَ بِالْإِيمَانِ ↓ مَنْ يَتَبَدَّلِ [Whoso adopteth infidelity in lieu of faith]. (Kur ii. 102. [See also other exs. in the Kur iv. 2 and xxxiii. 52.]) b2: See also 2, last sentence but one.

بِدْلٌ: see the next paragraph, in four places.

بَدَلٌ and ↓ بِدْلٌ, (Fr, T, S, M, Msb, K,) like مَثَلٌ and مِثْلٌ, and شَبَهٌ and شِبْهٌ, (Fr, T, S,) and نَكَلٌ and نِكَلٌ, the only other instances of the kind, i. e. of words of both these measures, that have been heard, accord. to AO, (S, TA, [but in one copy of the S, I find A'Obeyd,]) and ↓ بَدِيلٌ (S, M, Mgh, Msb, K,) all signify the same; (S, M, Msb, K;) namely, A substitute; a thing given, or received, or put, or done, instead of, in place of, in lieu of, or in exchange for, another thing; a compensation; syn. خَلَفٌ, (M, K,) and عِوَضٌ: (Kull:) بَدَلُ الشَّىْءِ [and البَدَلُ مِنَ الشَّىْءِ] and ↓ بِدْلُهُ ↓ بَدِيلُهُ meaning الخَلَفُ مِنْهُ [the substitute for the thing; &c.]; (M, K;) i. e., another thing: (S:) pl. أَبْدَالٌ, (IDrd, Msb, K,) which, as pl. of ↓ بَدِيلٌ, has few parallels. (IDrd, TA.) Sb says, [making a distinction between بَدَلٌ and ↓ بَدِيلٌ,] you say, إِنَّ بَدَلَكَ زَيْدٌ, i. e. Verily Zeyd is in thy place: but if you put بَدَل in the place of بَدِيلِ, you say, إِنَّ بَدَلَكَ زَيْدٌ, i. e. ↓ إِنَّ بِدَيلَكَ زَيْدٌ [Verily thy substitute is Zeyd]: and a man says to another, Go thou with such a one; and he replies, مَعِىَ رَجُلٌ بَدَلُهُ, i. e. With me is a man who stands in his stead, and is in his place, or who will stand &c. (M.) You say also, بَلَ كَذَا [and بَدَلًا مِنْ كَذَا], meaning Instead of, in the place of, in lieu of, or in exchange for, such a thing. (Kull.) [And بَدَلَ أَنْ تَفْعَلَ كَذَا Instead of thy doing thus.] b2: الأَبْدَالُ (IDrd, S, M, K, &c.) and البُدَلَآءُ (TA) [The Substitutes, or Lieutenants;] certain righteous persons, of whom the world is never destitute; when one dies, God substituting another in his place: (S:) certain persons by means of whom God rules the earth; (M, K;) consisting of seventy men, (IDrd, M, K,) according to their assertion, of whom the earth is never destitute; (IDrd, TA;) forty of whom are in Syria, and thirty in the other countries; (IDrd, M, K;) none of them dying without another's supplying his place, (M, K,) from the rest of mankind; (K;) and therefore they are named ابدال: (M:) accord. to Abu-lBakà, as stated by El-Munáwee, it seems that they meant [by this appellation] the substitutes and successors of the prophets; and accord. to some, they were seven, neither more nor fewer, by means of whom God takes care of the seven climates; one being successor of Abraham (ElKhaleel), and to him pertains the first climate; the second, of Moses (El-Keleem); the third, of Aaron; the fourth, of Idrees; the fifth, of Joseph; the sixth, of Jesus; and the seventh, of Adam: (TA: [in which is also mentioned a treatise denying their existence, and disapproving of the assertion that by means of them God takes care of the earth:]) the sing. is بَدَلٌ and ↓ بِدْلٌ, (T,) or ↓ بَدِيلٌ. (IDrd, S.) b3: حُرُوفُ البَدَلِ (M, K) The letters of substitution; those which are substituted for other letters; not those which are substituted in consequence of idghám. (M.) [The letters included under this appellation differ accord. to different authors: see De Sacy's Gram. Ar.

2nd ed. i. 33.] b4: ↓ بِدْلٌ (Kr, M, K) and بَدَلٌ (M, K,) applied to a man, also signify Generous, and noble: (Kr, * M, K:) and used in these senses, [says ISd,] they are, in my opinion, not devoid of implication of the meaning of a substitute: (M:) the pl. is أَبْدَالٌ (M, K.) بَدِيلٌ: see بَدَلٌ, in six places بَدَّالٌ A seller of eatables (A Heyth, T, K) of every kind: thus he is called by the Arabs; (A Heyth, T;) because he changes one sale for another; selling one thing to-day and another to-morrow: (AHát, TA:) the vulgar say, بَقَّالٌ. (A Heyth, T, K.) b2: Also One who has no more property than is sufficient for his purchasing one thing, and who, when he sells this, buys another thing in exchange for it. (TA in art. جدل.) [Hence,] هٰذَا رَأْىُ الجَدَّالِينَ وَالبَدَّالِينَ is a phrase used as meaning This is flimsy opinion. (TA in the present art. and in art. جدل, [but in the latter without the و,] on the authority of AHeyth.) مُبْدَلٌ: see 2.

مَبْدَلٌ: see 2.