الفضل: ابتداء إحسان بلا علة. وقال الراغب: الزيادة على الاقتصار، ومنه محمود كفضل العلم والحلم، ومذموم كفضل الغضب على ما يجب أن يكون. والفصل في المحمود أكثر استعمالا، والفضول في المذموم. قال بعضهم: والفضل جمعه فضول، واستعمل الجمع استعمال المفرد فيما لا خير فيه، ولهذا نسب إليه على لفظه فقيل فضولي لمن يشتغل بما لا يعنيه لأنه جعل علما على نوع من الكلام فنزل منزلة المفرد.
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