طرف

1 طَرَفَ, aor. ـِ inf. n. طَرْفٌ, He looked from the outer angle of the eye: or [he twinkled with his eye, i. e.] he put the edge of his eyelid in motion, or in a state of commotion, and looked: (M, TA:) or الطَّرْفُ signifies the putting the eyelids in motion, or in a state of commotion, in looking: (Mgh, * TA:) one says, شَخَصَ بَصَرُهُ فَمَا يَطْرِفُ [His eye, or eyes, has, or have, become fixedly open, or raised, and he does not put his eyelids in motion, or does not twinkle with his eye, or eyes, in looking]: (TA:) [or] one says, طَرَفَ البَصَرُ, aor. and inf. n. as above, meaning the eye, or eyes, [twinkled, or] became in a state of commotion: (Msb:) [or] طَرَفَ بَصَرَهُ, (O, K, TA, and so in a copy of the S,) or بَصَرُهُ, (so in one of my copies of the S,) aor. and inf. n. as above, [he winked, i. e.] he closed one of his eyelids upon the other: (S, O, K: [see also 4:]) or طَرَفَ بِعَيْنِهِ [in the CK بعَيْنَيْهِ] he put his eyelids in motion, or in a state of commotion: (K, TA:) and طُرِفَتْ عَيْنُهُ, aor. ـْ inf. n. as above, his eyelids were put in motion or in a state of commotion, by looking. (As, TA.) [Another meaning of طَرَفَ بَصَرَهُ, and another of طُرِفَتْ said of the eye, will be found below.] عَيْنٌ تَطْرِفُ, signifying An eye that [twinkles, or] puts the eyelid in motion, or in a state of commotion, with looking, is used for ذُو عَيْنٍ تَطْرِفُ, meaning (assumed tropical:) a living being. (Mgh.) مَا بَقِيَتْ مِنْهُمْ عَيْنٌ تَطْرِفُ [There remained not of them one having an eye twinkling] means (tropical:) they died, (O, K, TA,) or (O, in the K erroneously “ and,” TA) they were slain. (O, K, TA.) b2: [Also He looked: for]

الطَّرْفُ is used as meaning the act of looking (Er-Rághib, Msb, TA) because the putting in motion of the eyelid constantly attends that act: (Er-Rághib, TA:) and طَرَفْتُهُ, inf. n. as above, signifies I saw, or I looked at or towards, him, or it; syn. أَبْصَرْتُهُ. (Ham p. 111.) It is said in the Kur [xiv. 44] لَا يَرْتَدُّ إِلَيْهِمْ طَرْفُهُمْ [Their look shall not revert to them; i. e., shall not be withdrawn by them from that upon which they shall look]. (S, O.) And in the same [xxvii. 40], أَنَا آتِيكَ بِهِ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَرْتَدٌ إِلَيْكَ طَرْفُكَ, [meaning, in like manner, I will bring it to thee before thy look at a thing shall revert to thee, or be withdrawn by thee therefrom: or,] accord. to Fr, meaning before a thing shall be brought to thee from the extent of thy vision: or, as some say, in the space in which thou shalt open thine eye and then close it: or in the space in which one shall reach the extent of thy vision. (O.) and one says, نَظَرَ فُلَانٌ بِطَرْفٍ خَفِىٍّ [Such a one looked with a furtive glance], meaning, contracted his eyelids over the main portion of his eye and looked with the rest of it, by reason of shyness or fear. (Har p. 565.) And تَطْرِفُ الرِّجَالَ [app. meaning She looks at the men] is said of a woman who does not keep constantly to one. (TA. [See مَطْرُوفَةٌ.]) And تَطْرِفُ الرِّيَاضَ رَوْضَةً بَعْدَ رَوْضَةٍ

[app. meaning She looks at the meadows, meadow after meadow, to pasture upon them in succession,] is said of a she-camel such as is termed طَرِفَةٌ [q. v.]. (As, TA.) b3: طَرَفْتُ عَيْنَهُ, (S, O, Msb, in the K طَرَفَ عَيْنَهُ,) aor. and inf. n. as above, (Msb, TA,) I (S, O, Msb) hit, struck, smote, or hurt, his eye with a thing, (S, O, Msb, K, [in the CK شَىْءٌ is put for بِشَىْءٍ,]) such as a garment or some other thing, (TA,) so that it shed tears: and one says of the eye, طُرِفَتْ. (S, O, K. [See another explanation of the latter in the first sentence.]) Ziyád, in reciting a خُطْبَة, said, قَدْ طَرَفَتْ أَعْيُنَكُمُ الدُّنْيَا وَسَدَّتْ مَسَامِعَكُمُ الشَّهَوَاتُ [The good of the present world hath smitten your eyes, and appetences have stopped your ears]. (O.) And one says طَرَفَهُ and ↓ طرّفهُ meaning He, or it, struck, smote, or hurt, his eye. (TA.) And طَرَفَهَا الحُزْنُ وَالبُكَآءُ Grief and weeping hurt it (the eye), so that it shed tears. (TA.) And طَرَفَهَا حُبُّ الرِّجَالِ The love of the men smote her eye, so that she raised her eyes and looked at every one that looked at her; as though a طَرْفَة [or red spot of blood], or a stick or the like, hurt her eye. (Az, TA.) b4: الطَّرْفُ signifies also The slapping with the hand (K, TA) upon the extremity of the eye. (TA.) b5: Then it became applied to signify The striking upon the head. (TA.) b6: طَرَفَهُ عَنْهُ signifies He turned him, or it, away, or back, from him, or it. (S, O, K.) Hence the saying of a poet, (S, O, TA,) 'Amr Ibn-Abee-Rabee'ah, (TA,) or a young woman of the Ansár, (O,) إِنَّكَ وَاللّٰهِ لَذُو مَلَّةٍ

يَطْرِفُكَ الأَدْنَى عَنِ الأَبْعَدِ so in the S; but the right reading is عَنِ الأَقْدَمِ, for the next verse ends with تَصْرِمِى: (IB, TA:) [i. e. Verily thou, by Alláh, art one having a weariness: the nearer turns thee away, or back, from the older:] meaning, he turns away, or back, thy sight from the latter: i. e. thou takest the new (الجَدِيدَ ↓ تَسْتَطْرِفُ), and forgettest the old. (S, TA.) You say, طَرَفْتُ البَصَرَ عَنْهُ (S * Msb) I turned away, or back, the sight from him, or it. (Msb.) And اِطْرِفٌ بَصَرَكَ Turn away, or back, thy sight from that upon which it has fallen and to which it has been extended. (TA.) b7: And طَرَفَهُ عَنَّا شُغْلٌ Business, or occupation, withheld him from us. (TA.) b8: And طَرَفَهُ He drove him away. (Sh, TA.) A2: طَرِفَتْ, (S, O, K,) [aor. ـَ inf. n. طَرَفٌ; (TA;) and ↓ تطرّفت; She (a camel) depastured the sides, or lateral parts, (أَطْرَاف,) of the pasturage, not mixing with the other she-camels, (S, O, K,) tasting, and not keeping constantly to one pasturage. (Har p. 569.) A3: طَرُفَ, (S, O, Msb, K,) inf. n. طَرَافَةٌ, (O, TA,) It (property) was recently, or newly, acquired: (S, O, K: *) or it (a thing) was good [and recent or new or fresh]. (Msb.) b2: And the same verb, (S, K,) inf. n. as above, (S, TA,) He was such as is termed طَرِيفٌ [and طَرِفٌ q. v.] as meaning the contr. of قُعْدُد. (S, K.) 2 طرّفهُ [from the subst. الطَّرْفُ meaning “ the eye ”]: see 1, latter half.

A2: طرّف [from الطَّرَفُ], (S, O, K,) inf. n. تَطْرِيفٌ, (K,) He (a man, S, O) fought around the army; because he charges upon, or assaults, those who form the side, or flank, or extreme portion, of it, (S, O, K,) and drives them back upon the main body: (S, O:) or, as in the M, he fought the most remote thereof, and those that formed the side, or flank, thereof. (TA.) b2: And طرّف عَلَىَّ الإِبِلَ He drove, or sent, back to me those that formed the sides, or extreme portions, of the camels. (O, K.) and طرّف الخَيْلَ He drove back the foremost of the horsemen (O, K, TA) to, or upon, the hindmost of them. (TA.) Accord. to El-Mufaddal, تَطْرِيفٌ, signifies a man's repelling another man from the hindmost of his companions: (O, TA: *) one says, طَرِّفْ عَنَّا هٰذَا الفَارِسَ [Repel thou from our rear this horseman]. (O, TA.) b3: For another signification [from الطَّرَفُ] see 4. b4: [Hence also,] طرّفت بَنَانَهَا She (a woman) tinged, or dyed, the ends (أَطْرَاف, O, Msb, TA) of her fingers with حِنَّآء. (O, Msb, K, * TA.) b5: And تَطْرِيفْ الأُذُنِ The making the ear of a horse to be pointed, tapering, or slender at the extremity. (TA.) [Hence,] Khálid Ibn-Safwán said, خَيْرُ الكَلَامِ مَا طُرِّفَتْ مَعَانِيهِ وَشُرِّفَتْ مَبَانِيهِ (assumed tropical:) [The best of language is that of which the meanings are pointed, and of which the constructions are crowned with embellishments as though they were adorned with شُرَف, pl. of شُرْفَةٌ, q. v.]. (TA: there mentioned immediately after what here next precedes it.) b6: And طرّف الشَّىْءَ [from طَرَفٌ signifying

“ anything chosen or choice ”] means He chose, or made choice of, the thing; as also ↓ تطرّفهُ. (TA. [See also 10.]) b7: طرّف said of a camel means He lost his tooth [or teeth] (O, K, TA) by reason of extreme age. (TA.) 4 اطرف He (a man, K) closed his eyelids. (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K. [See also 1, first sentence.]) A2: اطرف الثَّوْبَ, inf. n. إِطْرَافٌ, He made two ornamental or coloured or figured borders (عَلَمَيْنِ) in the ends, or sides, of the garment (فِى طَرَفَيْهِ); as also ↓ طرّفهُ, inf. n. تَطْرِيفٌ. (Msb: and in like manner the pass. of the former verb is expl. in the S and O, as said of a رِدَآء of خَزّ.) A3: اطرف فُلَانًا He gave to such a one what he had not given to any one before him: (L, K, * TA:) or he gave him a thing of which he did not possess the like, and which pleased him: (TA:) [and he gave him property newly, or recently, acquired.] You say, أَطْرَفَهُ كَذَا and بِكَذَا, meaning أَتْحَفَهُ [He gave him such a thing as a تُحْفَة, i. e. طُرْفَة, q. v.]. (Har p. 54.) b2: [Hence,] اطرف فُلَانٌ signifies جَآءَ بِطُرْفَةٍ, (S, and Har p. 54,) as meaning Such a one brought something newly found, or gained, or acquired: (Har p. 54:) and as meaning he brought a thing that was strange, or extraordinary, and approved, or deemed good: (Id. p. 615:) and as meaning he brought new information or tidings. (Id. p. 32.) And one says, اطرفهُ خَبَرًا [and بِخَبَرٍ (see Har p. 529)] meaning He told him new information or tidings. (Az, TA.) b3: أَطْرَفَ بِهِ مَنْ حَوَالَيْهِ [a phrase used by El-Hareeree] means They who were around him became possessors, thereby, of a new and strange piece of information, (صَارُوا بِسَبَبِهِ ذَوِى طُرْفَةٍ,) and said, مَا أَطْرَفَهُ [How novel and strange is it!], by reason of their wonder at it; so that the verb is intrans., and من is its agent: or it may mean he made to wonder by reason of it those who were around him. (Har p. 474.) A4: الإِطْرَافُ signifies also كَثْرَةُ الآبَآءِ [i. e., app., The being numerous, as said of ancestors, meaning ancestors of note]. (TA.) A5: اطرف البَلَدُ, (S, O, K, TA,) and اطرفت الأَرْضُ, (TA,) The country, and the land, abounded with [the kinds of pasture called]

طَرِيفَة [q. v.]. (S, O, K, TA.) 5 تطرّف [as quasi-pass. of 2 signifies It became pointed, tapering, or slender at the extremity: see ذُبَابُ السَّيْفِ in art. ذب]. b2: [And] i. q. صَارَ طَرَفًا [It became an extremity, or a side; or at, or in, an extremity or a side]. (TA.) b3: كَانَ لَا يَتَطَرَّفُ مِنَ البَوْلِ, in a trad. respecting the punishment of the grave, means He used. not to go far aside from urine. (L, TA. *) b4: تطرّفت said of a she-camel: see 1, near the end. b5: Said of the sun, It became near to setting. (TA.) b6: تطرّف عَلَى القَوْمِ He made a sudden, or an unexpected, attack upon the territory, or dwellings, of the people. (TA.) A2: تطرّف الشَّىْءَ He took from the side of the thing: [and] he took the side of it. (MA.) b2: See also 2, last signification but one.8 اِطَّرَفْتُ الشَّىْءَ, of the measure اِفْتَعَلْتُ, I purchased the thing new. (S, O, K. [See also 10.]10 استطرفهُ He counted, accounted, reckoned, or esteemed, it new; (PS;) or طَرِيف [as meaning newly, or recently, acquired]. (S, O, K.) One says of good discourse, يَسْتَطْرِفُهُ مَنْ سَمِعَهُ [He who has heard it esteems it new]. (K.) b2: and استطرف الشَّىْءَ He found, gained, or acquired, the thing newly. (S, O, K. [See also 8.]) b3: Yousay of a woman who does not keep constantly to a husband, تَسْتَطْرِفُ الرِّجَالَ (assumed tropical:) [She takes, or chooses, new ones of the men]: she who does thus being likened to the she-camel termed طَرِفَةٌ, that depastures the extremities, or sides, of the pasturage, and tastes, and does not keep constantly to one pasturage. (Har p. 569.) See also 1, last quarter. b4: And one says of camels, استطرنت المَرْتَعَ They chose, or selected, the pasturage: or they took the first thereof. (TA. [See also 2, last signification but one.]) طَرْفٌ The eye; a word having no pl. in this sense because it is originally an inf. n., (S, O, K,) therefore it may denote a sing. and may also denote a pl. number [i. e. may signify also eyes]: (S, O, Msb:) or, (K,) as Ibn-'Abbád says, (O,) it is a coll. n. signifying the بَصَر [which has the sing. and the pl. meanings mentioned above, as well as the meaning of the sense of sight], and is not dualized nor pluralized: or, as some say, it has for pl. أَطْرَافٌ: (O, K:) but this is refuted by the occurrence of طَرْف in a pl. sense in the Kur xxxvii. 47 and xxxviii. 52 and lv. 56: (O:) and though الأَطْرَاف is said to occur as its pl. in a trad. of Umm-Selemeh, this is a mistake for الإِطْرَاق: (Z, O:) it is said, however, that its being originally an inf. n. is not a reason for its not being allowable to pluralize it when it has become a subst., and especially when it is not meant to convey the signification of an epithet: (MF:) [but it may be regarded as an epithet; meaning seer, and, being originally an inf. n., seers also; and this is the more probable because]

↓ الطَّوَارِفُ [is an epithet used as a subst., and thus] signifies the eyes, (S, O, K,) as in the saying هُوَ بِمَكَانٍ لَا تَرَاهُ الطَّوَارِفُ [He is in a place in which the eyes will not see him]; (S, * O, * TA;) pl. of ↓ طَارِفَةٌ. (TA.) b2: [Hence,] الطَّرْفُ is the name of (assumed tropical:) Two stars, which precede الجَبْهَةُ, (S, O, K,) so called because (K) they are [regarded as] the two eyes of Leo; one of the Mansions of the Moon: (S, O, K:) [often called الطَّرْفَةُ, q. v.:] the طَرْف of Leo, consisting of two small stars in front of الجَبْهَة, like the فَرْقَدَانِ, but inferior to them in light, and having somewhat of obliquity; the Ninth Mansion of the Moon: (Kzw in his descr. of that Mansion:) or the star [app. lambda] in the face of Leo, together with that which is outside [app. alpha] on the figure of Cancer: (Kzw in his descr. of Leo:) or the bright star [alpha] on the hinder, southern, leg, or foot, [i. e. claw,] of Cancer. (Kzw in his descr. of Cancer.) [See مَنَازِلُ القَمَرِ, in art. نزل.] b3: And طَرْفُ العَيْنِ signifies The eyelid. (TA.) A2: Also طَرْفٌ, A man generous, or noble, (K, TA, [see also طِرْفٌ,]) in respect of ancestry, up to the greatest [i. e. most remote] forefather. (TA.) A3: See also طَرَفٌ, first sentence.

طُرْفٌ: see طَرِيفٌ, with which it is syn., and of which it is also a pl. طِرْفٌ A generous horse: (As, S, O, K:) or, accord. to Er-Rághib, one that is looked at (يُطْرَفُ) because of his beauty; so that it is originally مَطْرُوفٌ, i. e. مَنْظُورٌ; like نِقْضٌ in the sense of مَنْقُوضٌ: (TA:) pl. طُرُوفٌ (As, S, O, K) and أَطْرَافٌ: (O, K:) accord. to Az, an epithet applied peculiarly to the males: (S, O, K: *) or generous in respect of the sires and the dams: (Lth, O, K:) or recently acquired; not of his owner's breeding; fem. with ة, (O, K,) occurring in a verse of El-'Ajjáj: Lth says that they sometimes apply the epithets طِرْفٌ and طِرْفَةٌ as syn. with نَجِيبٌ and نَجِيبَةٌ, in a manner unusual in the language: (O:) accord. to Ks, طِرْفَةٌ is applied as an epithet to a mare: (TA:) and طِرْفٌ signifies also a horse long in the legs or the neck, having the ears pointed, tapering, or slender at the extremities. (TA in the supplement to this art.) b2: And (tropical:) Generous (S, O, TA) as an epithet applied to a young man (S, TA) or to a man; (O, TA;) as also ↓ طَرَفٌ: (O, K:) or a man generous in respect of his male and his female ancestors: (K, * TA:) pl. أَطْرَافٌ: (O, K:) when applied to other than man, its pl. [or rather one of its pls.] is طُرُوفٌ. (K.) b3: See also طَرَفٌ, latter half. b4: And رَجُلٌ طِرْفٌ فِى نَسَبِهِ, (K, TA,) with kesr, (TA,) [in the CK, erroneously, طَرْفٌ,] (assumed tropical:) A man whose nobility is recent: as though a contraction of ↓ طَرِفٌ. (K, TA.) b5: And اِمْرَأَةٌ طِرْفُ الحَدِيثِ, (K, TA,) with kesr, (TA,) [in the CK طَرْف,] A woman whose discourse is good; every one who has heard it esteeming it new (يَسْتَطْرِفُهُ). (K, * TA.) A2: And One desirous of possessing everything that he sees. (K.) b2: See also طَرِفٌ, in two places. b3: And see طَرِيفٌ.

A3: Also Anything of the produce of the earth still in the calyxes thereof. (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K, *) طَرَفٌ The extremity, or end, of anything; [as of a sword, and of a spear, and of a rope, and of the tongue, &c.;] thus accord. to ISd; but in the K this meaning is assigned to ↓ طَرْفٌ: (TA: [several evidences of the correctness of the former word in this sense will be found in the present art.; and countless instances of it occur in other arts. &c.: it seems to have been generally regarded by the lexicographers as too notorious to need its being mentioned:]) and a side; a lateral, or an outward, or adjacent, part or portion; a region, district, quarter, or tract; syn. نَاحِيَةٌ: (S, O, Msb, K:) and a part, portion, piece, or bit, (syn. طَائِفَةٌ,) of a thing: (S, O, K:) it is used in relation to bodies, or material things, and to times &c.; (Er-Rághib, TA;) and is thus used in the sense of طَائِفَة of a people, in the Kur iii. 122; (Ksh;) [and may often be rendered somewhat of a thing, whether material (as land &c.) or not material (as in the T and S voce ذَرْوٌ, where it is used of a saying, and as in the S and A and K in art. هوس &c., where it is used of madness, or insanity, or diabolical possession):] the pl. is أَطْرَافٌ. (O, Msb, K.) b2: [Hence,] الأَطْرَافُ signifies The fingers: and [when relating to the fingers] has no sing. unless this is used as a prefixed noun, as in the saying أَشَارَتْ بِطَرَفِ إِصْبَعِهَا [She made a sign with the end of her finger]: but the pl. is said by Az to be used in the sense of the sing. in the following ex. cited by Fr, يُبْدِينَ أَطْرَافًا لِطَافًا عَنَيَهٌ [so that the meaning is, They show an elegant finger like a fruit of the species of tree called عَنَم]; therefore the poet says عَمَنَه [which is a n. un.: but I think that it is much more reasonable, and especially as the verb is pl., to regard the ه in this case as the ه of pausation, of which see an ex. voce حِينٌ; and accordingly to render the saying, they show elegant fingers like fruits of the عَنَم]. (TA.) It is said in a trad. of Abraham, when he was a little child, جُعِلَ رِزْقُهُ فِى أَطْرَافِهِ [His sustenance was made to be in his fingers]; meaning that he used to suck his fingers and find in them that which nourished him. (TA.) b3: And [hence] أَطْرَافُ العَذَارَى (tropical:) A species of grapes, (A, K, TA,) white and slender, found at Et-Táïf: (A, TA:) or, as in the L, black and long, resembling acorns, likened to the fingers of virgins, that are dyed [with حِنَّآء], because of their length; and the bunch of which is about a cubit long. (TA.) b4: ذُو الطَّرَفَيْنِ is an appellation of A sort of serpent, (K,) a sort of black serpent, (TA,) or the [serpent called] أَسْوَد, (O,) having two stings, one in its nose and the other in its tail, with both of which, (O, K, TA,) so it is said, (O, TA,) it smites, and it suffers not him whom it smites to linger, killing at once. (O, K, TA.) b5: طَرَفَا الدَّابَّةِ sometimes means The fore part and the hinder part of the beast. (TA.) b6: and أَطْرَافُ الجَسَدِ (O) or البَدَنِ (K) means [The extremities of the body; i. e.] the arms or hands, and the legs or feet, and the head: (O, K:) or, as in the L, أَطْرَافٌ is pl. of طَرَفٌ as syn. with شَوَاةٌ [n. un. of شَوًى, q. v.]. (TA.) b7: [And the dual has various other meanings assigned to it, derived from the first of the significations mentioned in this paragraph.] It is said in a trad. (O, K) of the Prophet, (O,) كَانَ إِذَا اشْتَكَى أَحَدٌ مِنْ أَهْلِهِ لَمْ تَزَلِ البُرْمَةُ عَلَى النَّارِ حَتَّى يَأْتِىَ عَلَى أَحَدِ طَرَفَيْهِ [It was the case that when any one of his family had a complaint, the cooking-pot did not cease to be on the fire but he arrived at one of his two limits]; meaning (assumed tropical:) convalescence or death; because these are the two terminations of the case of the diseased. (O, K.) b8: And one says, لَا يَمْلِكُ طَرَفَيْهِ (assumed tropical:) He will not have control over his mouth and his anus: referring to him who has drunk medicine or become intoxicated. (AO, ISk, S, O, K.) b9: And فُلَانٌ فَاسِدُ الطَّرَفِيْنِ (assumed tropical:) Such a one is corrupt in respect of the tongue and the فَرْج. (TA.) b10: And لَا يَدْرِى أَىُّ طَرَفَيْهِ أَطْوَلُ, (in the CK يُدْرَى,) [He will not, or does not, know which of his two extremities is the longer,] meaning (tropical:) his ذَكَر and his tongue; (S, O, K, TA;) whence طَرَفٌ is used as signifying (assumed tropical:) the tongue: (TA:) or the meaning is, as some say, (assumed tropical:) which of his two halves is the longer; the lower or the upper: (TA:) or (assumed tropical:) the lineage of his father or that of his mother (O, K, TA) in respect of generosity, or nobility: (O, TA:) i. e., which of his two parents is the more generous, or noble: so says Fr. (TA.) b11: كَرِيمُ الطَّرَفَيْنِ means (tropical:) Generous, or noble, [on both sides, i. e.] in respect of male and female ancestors. (S, O, TA.) b12: And أَطْرَافٌ means also (assumed tropical:) A man's father and mother and brothers and paternal uncles and any relations whom it is unlawful for him to marry. (Az, S, O, K.) b13: And (assumed tropical:) Noble, or exalted, men: (Th, S:) or أَطْرَافُ الأَرْضِ means (tropical:) the noble, or exalted, men, and the learned men, of the earth, or land: (O, K, TA:) one of whom is termed طَرَفٌ, or ↓ طِرْفٌ. (O, See the latter of these words.) And hence, as some explain it, the saying in the Kur [xiii. 41, like one in xxi. 45], أَوَلَمْ يَرَوْا أَنَّا نَأْتِى الْأَرْضَ نَنْقُصُهَا مِنْ أَطْرَافِهَا (assumed tropical:) [Have they not seen that we visit, or bring destruction upon, the land, curtailing it of its learned men?]; the meaning being, the death of its learned men: (O, TA:) or, as some say, [curtailing it of its inhabitants and its fruits; for they say that] the meaning is, the death of its inhabitants and the diminution of its fruits: (TA:) or it means, curtailing it of its sides, or districts, one by one: (Az, O, L:) Ibn-'Arafeh says that the meaning is, we lay open by conquest, to the Prophet, (نَفْتَحُ عَلَى النَّبِىِّ,) the country around Mekkeh. (O, TA.) [b14: أَطْرَافُ النَّاسِ also means (assumed tropical:) The lower orders of the people: but this I believe to be post-classical.] b15: طَرَفَىِ النَّهَارِ, in the Kur 11:114, means غُدْوَةً وَعَشِيَّةً [i. e. Morning and afternoon]; by the former being meant daybreak; and by the latter, noon and the عَصْر [q. v.], (Ksh, Bd,) or the عَصْر [only]. (Bd.) And أَطْرَافَ النَّهَارِ, in the Kur 20:130, means At daybreak and at sunset: (Ksh, Bd:) or at noon and at the عَصْر; so says Zj: or, accord. to IAar, in the hours (سَاعَات) of the day: Abu-l-'Abbás says that it means طَرَفَىِ النَّهَارِ. (TA.) b16: [عَلَى طَرَفٍ often occurs as meaning Beside, aside, or apart; like على جَانِبٍ, and على نَاحِيَةٍ: and in like manner the Persians say بَرْ طَرَفْ. b17: and مِنْ طَرَفِ فُلَانٍ is often used as meaning On the part of such a one; but is perhaps post-classical.] b18: And you say, لِلْأَمْرِ طَرَفَانِ [meaning (assumed tropical:) There are two ways of performing the affair, either of which may be chosen; as though it had two ends, or two sides]. (TA voce صَرْعٌ.) And جَعَلَهُ مُطْلَقَ الطَّرَفَيْنِ (assumed tropical:) [He made it allowable, or free, in respect of both the alternatives, either way one might choose to take]. (Msb in art. بوح.) b19: [And hence, perhaps,] طَرَفٌ signifies also (assumed tropical:) Anything chosen or choice: pl. أَطْرَافٌ: [whence]

أَطْرَافُ الحَدِيثِ means (assumed tropical:) Chosen, or choice, subjects of discourse; as also الحَدِيثِ ↓ طَرَائِفُ: and أَطْرَافُ الأَحَادِيثِ means [the same, or] colloquies of friends, consisting of mutual communications, and oblique expressions, and allusions: so says ISd: and this is likewise a meaning of ↓ الطِّرَافُ and السِّبَابُ, which latter [properly signifying “ mutual reviling ”] is given in the K as an explanation of the former. (TA.) b20: Also Flesh, or flesh-meat; syn. لَحْمٌ. (TA.) طَرِفٌ, in the K ↓ طِرْف, but the former is the right, (TA,) A male camel that removes from one pasturage to another; (K, TA;) not keeping constantly to one pasturage. (TA.) And طَرِفَةٌ A she-camel that does not keep constantly to one pasturage; (S, O, K;) that depastures the extremities, or sides, of the pasturage, and tastes, and does not keep constantly to one pasturage: (Har p. 569:) or, accord. to As, that looks at the meadows (تَطْرِفُ الرِّيَاضَ), meadow after meadow [app. to pasture upon them in succession]: (TA:) and ↓ مُسْتَطْرِفَةٌ, so applied, signifies the same as طَرِفَةٌ: (TA, but not as on the authority of As:) and ↓ مِطْرَافٌ, so applied, that will not feed upon a pasturage unless she choose anew, or take the first of, (حَتَّى تَسْتَطْرِفَ,) another. (As, S, O, K.) b2: And [hence (see 10)] طَرِفٌ applied to a man signifies (assumed tropical:) That does not keep constantly to a wife, or woman, nor to a companion: (S, O, K:) and ↓ طِرْف, thus accord. to the K, (TA, [in which it is said that by rule it should be طَرِفٌ, as above,]) a man who does not keep constantly to the companionship of one person, by reason of his weariness. (K.) And ↓ مُتَطَرِّفَةٌ applied to a woman (assumed tropical:) That chooses new ones of the men (تَسْتَطْرِفُ الرِّجَالَ), not keeping constantly to a husband; as being likened to the she-camel termed طَرِفَةٌ. (Har p. 569.) A2: And طَرِفٌ, applied to a she-camel, (O, K, [but in some of the copies of the latter, where it follows next after another explanation of the epithet thus applied, mentioned above, “or,”]) accord. to IAar, Whose fore part of the head has gradually shed its hair (الَّتِى تَحَاتَّ مُقَدَّمُ الرَّأْسِ فِيهَا, O) or whose fore part of her mouth has shed its teeth one after another (التى تَحَاتَّ مُقَدَّمُ فِيهَا, K) by reason of extreme age. (O, K. [See 2, last sentence.]) A3: Also, and ↓ طَريفٌ (assumed tropical:) Contr. of قُعْدُدٌ; (S, M, K, TA;) i. e., as the latter is further expl. in the S, and each in the M, having many ancestors, up to the greatest [i. e. most remote] forefather; and J adds that sometimes it is used in praise: thus also As explains النَّسَبِ ↓ طَرِيفُ: accord. to IAar, طَرِيفٌ signifies منحدر فى النَّسَبِ [app. مُنْحَدِرٌ, as though meaning of long descent]; and he says that it is with the Arabs more noble than قُعْدُدٌ: the pl. of طَرِفٌ as meaning the contr. of قُعْدُدٌ is طَرِفُونَ; and the pl. of ↓ طَرِيفٌ in the same sense is طُرُفٌ and طُرَفٌ and طُرَّافٌ, the second and third of which pls. are anomalous. (TA.) b2: [طَرِفٌ seems also to have the contr. meaning; or (assumed tropical:) One whose nobility is recent: and the like is said of قُعْدُدٌ; that it has two contr. meanings:] see طِرْفٌ.

طَرْفَةٌ [A wink, i. e.] a closing of one of the eyelids upon the other: (S, O, K:) or [a twinkling of the eye, i. e.] a putting the eyelids in motion or in a state of commotion. (K.) One says أَسْرَعُ مِنْ طَرْفَةِ عَيْنٍ [Quicker than a wink, or a twinkling of an eye]. (S, O.) And مَا يُفَارِقُنِى طَرْفَةَ عَيْنٍ [He does not separate himself from me during a wink, or a twinkling of an eye]. (TA.) b2: Also A red spot of blood, in the eye, occasioned by a blow or some other cause. (S, O, K.) b3: And A brand, or mark made with a hot iron, having to it no أَطْرَاف [or sides, or lateral portions], being only a line. (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K.) A2: And الطَّرْفَةُ A certain star or asterism (نَجْمٌ). (K. [There thus mentioned as though different from the asterism commonly called الطَّرْفُ, which I do not believe to be the case: see the latter appellation.]) طُرْفَةٌ A hurt of the eye, occasioning its shedding tears. (K.) A2: And Newly-acquired property; (S, O, K;) anything that one has newly acquired, and that pleases him; as also ↓ أُطْرُوفَةٌ; (TA;) a thing newly acquired; (Har p. 54;) and a thing that is strange and deemed good; (Id. p.

615;) [a pleasing rarity;] a welcome, or pleasing, thing; (KL;) and a gift not given to any one before; (K, * TA;) and a gift of which the recipient did not possess the like, and which pleases him; (TA;) [generally, a novel, or rare, and pleasing, present; like تُرْفَةٌ and تُحْفَةٌ:] pl. طُرَفٌ. (Har p. 32.) [See also طَرِيفٌ and طَرِيفَةٌ.]

طَرَفَةٌ A single tree of the species called طَرْفَآء, q. v. (AHn, S, O, K.) طُرْفَى Remoteness in lineage from the [chief, or oldest,] ancestor: قُعْدَى is nearer therein. (IB, TA.) [See طَرِفٌ.]

طَرْفَآء [accord. to some طَرْفَآءٌ and accord. to others طَرْفَآءُ, as will be seen from what follows,] A kind of trees, (S, O, K,) of which there are four species, one of these being the أَثْل [q. v.]: (K:) [or it is different from the أَثْل: the name is now generally applied to the common, or French, tamarisk; tamarix gallica of Linn.: (Forskål's Flora Aegypt. Arab. p. lxiv. no. 181; and Delile's Floræ Aegypt. Illustr. no. 349:)] AHn says, it is of the kind called عِضَاه; its هَدَب [q. v.] are like those of the أَثْل; it has no wood fit for carpentry, coming forth only as even and smooth rods towards the sky; and sometimes the camels eat it as حَمْض [q. v.] when they find no other حَمْض: AA, he adds, says that it is a sort of حَمْض: (TA:) the n. un. is ↓ طَرَفَةٌ, (AHn, S, O, K,) [which is irreg.,] and طَرْفَآءَةٌ, (AHn, O, K, [in the CK, erroneously, طَرْفَاةٌ,]) [and this requires طَرْفَآء to be with tenween, as a coll. gen. n.,] or, accord. to Sb, طَرْفَآء is sing. and pl.: (S, O:) or it is a pl. [or quasi-pl. n.] of طَرَفَةٌ, like as شَجْرَآءُ is of شَجَرَةٌ: (S in art. شجر: [see شَجَرٌ:]) or it is coll. gen. n.: accord. to IJ, the ء in طَرْفَآء is a denotative of the fem. gender; but in طَرْفَآءَةٌ, the ة is a denotative of the fem. gender, and the ء is augmentative. (M, TA.) b2: Also A place of growth of the طَرَفَة. (TA.) طِرَافٌ The portion that is taken [app. meaning cut] from the extremities (أَطْرَاف) of corn, or seed-produce. (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K.) b2: تَوَارَثُوا المَجْدَ طِرَفًا means عَنْ شَرَفٍ [i. e. They inherited, one after another, glory from nobility of ancestry]. (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K.) b3: See also طَرِيفٌ. b4: and see طَرَفٌ, last sentence but one.

A2: Also A tent of skin, or leather, (S, K, TA,) without a كِفَآء

[q. v., for it is variously explained]; of the tents of the Arabs of the desert. (TA.) طَرِيفٌ: see مَطْرُوفٌ.

A2: Also, (S, O, Msb, K,) and ↓ طَارِفٌ, (S, O, K,) and ↓ طِرَافٌ, (K,) [of which last it seems to be said in the supplement to this art. in the TA, that it may be either a pl. or a syn. of طَرِيفٌ,] Property newly acquired; (S, O, Msb, K;) as also ↓ طِرْفٌ and ↓ طُرْفٌ and ↓ مُطْرِفٌ (K) and ↓ مُسْتَطْرَفٌ; (TA;) [and it is said in one place in the TA that ↓ مِطْرَفٌ and ↓ مَطْرَفٌ are dial. vars. of مُطْرِفٌ; but I think that this last word is probably a mistake for ↓ مُطْرَفٌ;] contr. of تَلِيدٌ (S, O, Msb) and تَالِدٌ (S, O) [and تِلَادٌ]: pl. of the first and third طُرْفٌ. (K.) b2: Also, the first, A thing that is good [and recent or new or fresh]: (Msb:) what is strange, (IAar, K, TA,) [or rare,] and coloured, or of various colours, (IAar, TA,) [or pleasing to the eye,] of fruits and other things, (IAar, K, TA,) مِمَّا يستطرف بِهِ [in which يستطرف is evidently a mistranscription for يُطْرَفُ, i. e., of such things as are given as طُرَف (pl. of طُرْفَة) meaning rare and pleasing gifts]. (TA, from IAar.) b3: See also طَرِفٌ, latter part, in three places.

طَرِيفَةٌ The plant called نَصِىّ when it has become white (S, O, K, TA) and dry: (TA:) or when it has attained its full perfection; (ISk, S, O, K, TA;) and the plant called صِلِّيَان in this same state: (ISk, S, O, TA:) or the first of any herbage that the cattle choose and depasture: (TA:) or the best of pasturage, except such as is termed عُشْب; including the sorts termed نَصِىّ and صِلِّيَان and عَنْكَث and هَلْتَى and سَحَم and ثَغَام. (O, TA.) b2: [As a subst. from طَرِيفٌ, rendered such by the affix ة, it signifies Anything new, recent, or fresh: and anything choice: pl. طَرَائِفُ. (See also طُرْفَةٌ.) Hence, طَرَائِفُ البَيْتِ The choice articles, such as vessels &c., of the house: see رَفٌّ. And hence also,] طَرَائِفُ الحَدِيثِ: see طَرَفٌ, last sentence but one.

طَارِفٌ: see طَرِيفٌ.

طَارِفَةٌ [a subst. from طَارِفٌ, rendered such by the affix ة]: pl. طَوَارِفٌ: see طَرْفٌ, in two places. b2: [Also, app., A thing that causes a twinkling, or winking, of the eye. Whence, app.,] one says, جَآءَ بِطَارِفَةِ عَيْنٍ, meaning (tropical:) He (a man, S, O) brought much property, or many cattle. (S, O, K, TA.) b3: The phrase مَا أَبْرَزَتْهُ طَوَارِفُ القَرَائِحِ, in which طَوَارِفُ is pl. of طَارِفَةٌ, from طَارِفٌ signifying property “ newly acquired,” means مَا

أَحْدَثَتْهُ القَرَائِحُ المُتَأَخِّرَةُ [i. e. What the modern excogitative faculties have originated]. (Har p.

63.) A2: طَوَارِفُ الخِبَآءِ means The portions of the sides of the tent that are raised for the purpose of one's looking out: (S, O, K:) or, as some say, rings attached to the skirts (رُفُوف) of the tent, having ropes by which they are tied to the tentpegs. (TA.) A3: And سِبَاعٌ طَوَارِفُ means Beasts of prey that seize, or carry off by force, the animals that are the objects of the chase. (O, K.) هُوَ أَطْرَفُهُمْ He is the most remote of them from the greatest [or earliest] ancestor. (Lh, TA.) أُطْرُوفَةٌ: see طُرْفَةٌ.

اِخْتَضَبَتْ تَطَارِيفَ She (a woman) dyed [with حنَّآء] the ends of her fingers. (O, K.) مَطْرَفٌ: see مِطْرَفٌ: b2: and see also طَرِيفٌ.

مُطْرَفٌ: see مِطْرَفٌ: and مُطْرِفٌ: and see also طَرِيفٌ.

مُطْرِفٌ [act. part. n. of 4, q. v.]. b2: أَنْشِدِ البَيْتَيْنِ المُطْرِفَيْنِ, a phrase used by El-Hareeree, means Recite thou the two verses that adduce what is strange, or extraordinary, and approved, or deemed good: or, as some relate it, ↓ المُطْرَفَيْنِ, expl. by Mtr as meaning that are ornamented at their two extremities; like the رِدَآء called مُطْرَف: or ↓ المُطَرَّفَيْنِ, meaning, if correctly related, that are beautified, and excite admiration, in the first and last foot; as being likened to the horse termed مُطَرَّفٌ, that is white in the head and the tail: and المطرّفين [i. e. المُطَرَّفَيْنِ] may mean المستطرفين [i. e. المُسْتَطْرَفَيْنِ]. (Har p. 615: in the next p. of which, an ex. is given.) b3: See also طَرِيفٌ.

مِطْرَفٌ (S, O, L, Msb, TA) and ↓ مُطْرَفٌ, (S, O, L, Msb, K, TA,) the latter, only, mentioned in the K, (TA,) and this is the original form, because it is from أَطْرِفَ, but the dammeh was deemed difficult of pronunciation, and therefore kesreh was substituted for it, (Fr, S, O, TA,) like as is the case in مِصْحَفٌ [q. v.], (Fr, TA,) and IAth mentions also ↓ مَطْرَفٌ, (TA,) A garment, (Msb,) or [such as is termed] رِدَآء, (S, O, K,) of [the kind of cloth called] خَزّ, (S, O, Msb, K,) square, or four-sided, (S, O, K,) having ornamental or coloured or figured, borders (أَعْلَام): (S, O, Msb, K:) or a garment having, in its two ends, or sides, (فِى طَرَفَيْهِ,) two such borders (عَلَمَانِ): (Fr, TA:) or a square, or four-sided, garment of خَزّ: (Msb:) pl. مَطَارِفُ. (S, O, Msb, K.) b2: مَطَارِفُ is also applied to (assumed tropical:) Clouds [as being likened to the garments thus called]. (TA in art. دكن.) b3: See also طَرِيفٌ.

مُطَرَّفٌ A horse white in the head and the tail, the rest of him being of a different colour: and in like manner black in the head and the tail. (S, O, K.) And, accord. to AO, أَبْلَقُ مُطَرَّفٌ A horse white in the head: and likewise white in the tail and the head. (TA.) And شَاةٌ مُطَرَّفَةٌ A sheep or goat black in the end of the tail, in other parts white: (S, O, K:) or white in the ends of the ears, and for the rest part black: or black in the ends of the ears, and for the rest part white. (TA.) b2: See also مُطْرِفٌ. And see سَجْعٌ. b3: In a verse of Sá'ideh the Hudhalee, as some relate it, but accord. to others it is مُطَرِّف [q. v.], (O, TA,) describing a horse, (O,) it signifies مُرَدَّدٌ فِى الكَرَمِ [app. meaning Repeatedly improved in generosity by descent from a number of generous sires and dams]. (O, TA.) b4: See also مُسْتَطُرَفٌ.

مُطَرِّفٌ A man who fights around the army: (O, K, TA: [see 2, second sentence:]) or, as some say, who fights the أَطْرَاف [app. meaning noble, or exalted, pl. of طَرَفٌ q. v., or of طِرْفٌ,] of men. (TA.) b2: In a verse of Sá'ideh the Hudhalee, (O, TA,) describing a horse, (O,) that repels those that form the side, or flank, of the horses and of the [hostile] company of men: but as some relate it, the word is مُطَرَّف [q. v.]. (O, TA.) مِطْرَافٌ: see طَرِفٌ, former half.

مَطْرُوفٌ [pass. part. n. of طَرَفَ, q. v.]. Yousay, فُلَانٌ مَطْرُوفُ العَيْنِ بِفُلَانٍ, meaning Such a one is, exclusively of others, looked at by such a one. (S, O.) b2: And عَيْنٌ مَطْرُوفَةٌ An eye of which the lids are put in motion or in a state of commotion, by looking. (As, TA.) [And] An eye, hit, struck, smitten, or hurt, with a thing, so that it sheds tears. (S, O, K.) And ↓ طَرِيفٌ applied to an eye signifies the same as مَطْرُوفَةٌ [in one of these senses, but in which of them is not said]. (TA.) b3: مَطْرُوفَةٌ applied to a woman means As though her eye were hit, struck, smitten, or hurt, with something, (O, and EM p. 83,) so that it shed tears, (O,) by reason of the languish of her look; (EM ibid;) and this is said to be its meaning in the saying of Tarafeh, إِذَا نَحْنُ قُلْنَا أَسْمِعِينَا انْبَرَتْ لَنَا عَلَى رِسْلِهَا مَطْرُوفَةً لَمْ تَشَدَّد (O, EM,) i. e. When we say, “Sing thou to us,”

she betakes herself to us in her gentle way, as though her eye were hurt by something, by reason of the languish of her look, not straining herself in her singing; but as some relate the verse, the word is مَطْرُوقَةً, meaning “ weakly: ” (EM:) or it means whose eye the love of men has smitten, so that she raises her eyes and looks at every one that looks at her; as though a طَرْفَة [or red spot of blood], or a stick or the like, hurt her eye: (Az, TA:) or having a languishing eye; as though it were turned away, or back, (طُرِفَتٌ,) from everything at which it looked: (IAar, TA:) or as though her eye were turned away, or back so that it, or she, is still: (TA:) or (assumed tropical:) who looks at the men (تَطْرِفُ الرِّجَالَ); i. e. (assumed tropical:) who does not keep constantly to one; the pass. part. n. being put in the place of the act.; but Az says that this explanation is at variance with the original purport of the word: (TA:) or مَطْرُوفَةٌ بِالرِّجَال means (tropical:) a woman who raises, or stretches and raises, her eye at men, (S, O, K, TA,) and turns away her look from her husband, to others, (S, TA, *) and in whom is no good: (TA:) or (assumed tropical:) who looks not at any but the men; (K;) or مَطْرُوفَةُ العَيْنِ بِالرِّجَالِ has this meaning. (AA, TA.) A2: أَرْضٌ مَطْرُوفَةٌ Land abounding with the herbage called طَرِيفَة. (S, O, K.) مُطَّرَفٌ A camel newly purchased: (S:) or purchased from another part of the country, and therefore yearning for his accustomed place. (IB, TA.) مُتَطَرِّفٌ A man who does not, or will not, keep constantly to an affair; [but I think that امر (which I have rendered “ an affair ”) in my original is evidently a mistranscription for امْرَأَة, i. e. a woman, or wife;] as also ↓ مُسْتَطْرِفٌ. (TA.) See also طَرِفٌ.

مُسْتَطْرَفٌ: see طَرِيفٌ. b2: فَعَلْتُهُ فِى مُسْتَطْرَفِ الأَيَّامِ I did it in the first, or first part, of the days; (فى مُسْتَأْنَفِهَا;) as also الايّام ↓ فى مُطَرَّفِ. (S, O, K.) مُسْتَطْرِفٌ: see مُتَطَرِّفٌ. See also طَرِفٌ.

طحم

1 طَحَمَهُ, [aor. ـَ inf. n. طَحْمٌ, He filled it. (TA.) طَحْمَةٌ (S, K) and ↓ طُحْمَةٌ (K, and thus also in some copies of the S) and ↓ طِحْمَةٌ (K) The دُفْعَة [as meaning tide, or rush,] of a torrent, (S, K,) and so [as meaning tide] of a valley, (K,) and so [as meaning irruption, or invasion,] of night; (S, K;) and the greater, or main, part of a torrent, and of night: (S:) or the first دُفْعَة, and the greater, or main, part: or the impulse, or driving, of the greater, or main, part [of a torrent]: and accord. to Z, طحمةُ اللَّيْلِ is tropical, and means (tropical:) the greater, or main, part of the blackness of night. (TA.) b2: And (tropical:) A company, or congregated body, of men: (S, A, K, TA:) or, as in the M, a rush, or rushing body, of men, more in number than such as are termed قَادِيَة, which means the first that come to one, or come upon one. (TA.) b3: And طَحْمَةُ الفِتْنَةِ means (tropical:) The جَوْلَة [or wheeling about, or the defeat, and return to fight,] of men on the occasion of فتنة [i. e. conflict and faction, or the like]. (TA.) A2: See also طَحْمَآءُ.

طُحْمَةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

طِحْمَةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

طُحَمَةٌ A man vehement in conflict. (S, K.) A2: And Numerous camels. (K.) طَحْمَآءُ A species of plant, (S, K,) growing in plain, or soft, land, of the kind called حَمْض: (TA:) or i. q. نَجِيلٌ, (AHn, K, TA,) which is the best of all the حَمْض, [herbaceous, i. e.] not having wood fit for fuel nor such as is fit for carpentry, and eaten by the camels; (AHn, TA;) as also ↓ طَحْمَةٌ, (K, TA,) which is said by AHn to be of the kind called حَمْض, broad in the leaves, and having much juice. (TA.) طَحْومٌ That impels, or propels, much, or vehemently: (K:) applied to a bow; as also طَحُورٌ: or a bow of which the arrow is swift. (TA.) سُيُولٌ طَوَاحِمُ i. q. دَوَافِعُ [i. e. Torrents pouring as though impelling, or propelling, themselves]. (TA.) مَطْحُومٌ Filled. (K.)

دخل

1 دَخَلَ, (S, K, &c.,) aor. ـُ (TA,) inf. n. دُخُولٌ (S, Msb, K) and مَدْخَلٌ, (S, K,) He, or it, entered; or went, came, passed, or got, in; contr. of خَرَجَ; (K;) as also ↓ اِدَّخَلَ, of the measure اِفْتَعَلَ, and ↓ اندخل, (S, K,) this last occuring in poetry, but not chaste, (S,) and ↓ تدخّل, (K,) or this signifies it (a thing) entered by little and little. (S, O.) You say, دَخَلْتُ مَدْخَلًا حَسَنًا [like دُخُولًا حَسَنًا I entered with a good entering]. (S.) And دَخَلْتُ البَيْتَ (S) or الدَّارَ, i. e. [I entered the house, or] I became within the house, and the like, (Msb,) correctly meaning إِلَى البَيْتِ [&c., or فِى البَيْتِ &c., i. e. I entered into the house, &c.], the prep. being suppressed, and the noun put in the accus. case after the manner of an objective complement: for nouns of place are of two kinds, vague and definite; the vague being such as the six relative locations, خَلْفٌ, and قُدَّامٌ, and يَمِينٌ, and شِمَالٌ, and فَوْقٌ, and تَحْتٌ, and the like, such as أَمَامٌ, and وَرَآءٌ, and أَعْلَى, and أَسْفَلُ, and عِنْدَ, and لَدُنْ, and وَسْطٌ in the sense of بَيْنٌ, and قُبَالَةٌ, all which, and similar nouns of place, may become adverbs, because indefinite; for dost thou not see that what is خَلْف to thee may be قُدَّام to another? but that which is definite, having make, and corporeal substance, and tracts that comprehend it, as a mountain and a valley and a market and a house and a mosque, the noun signifying such a thing cannot become an adverb; for you may not say, قَعَدْتُ الدَّارَ, nor صَلَّيْتُ المَسْجِدَ, nor نِمْتُ الجَبَلَ, nor قُمْتُ الوَادِىَ; the phrases of this kind that occur being instances of the suppression of a prep.; as دَخَلْتُ البَيْتَ, and نَزَلْتُ الوَادِىَ, and صَعِدْتُ الجَبَلَ. (S, O, TA.) You say also, دَخَلْتُ عَلَى زَيْدٍ الدَّارَ, meaning I entered the house after Zeyd, he being in it. (Msb.) [And simply دَخَلَ عَلَيْهِ He came in upon him: and also he came upon him; i. e. invaded him.] And دَخَلَ بِامْرَأَتِهِ, (Msb, TA,) and عَلَيْهَا, (MA,) inf. n. دُخُولٌ, (Mgh, Msb,) [like دَخَلَ بِأَهْلِهِ, and عَلَيْهَا, (see أَهْلٌ,) i. e. (tropical:) He went in to his wife or woman,] is a metonymical phrase, denoting الجِمَاع, (Msb, TA,) i. e. الوَطْء, (Mgh, Msb, TA,) whether it be such as is allowed by the law or such as is forbidden, (Mgh,) generally such as is lawful. (Msb, TA. [See what is said in explanation of the term خَلْوَةٌ in the first paragraph of art. خلو.]) And دَخَلَ بَعْضُهُ فِى بَعْضٍ i. q. تَدَاخَلَ [q. v.]. (TA in art. قصر, &c.) [For ex.,] you say, دَخَلَ بَعْضُ النُّجُومِ فِى بَعْضٍ

[The stars became confused together]. (Mgh and TA in art. شبك: in the former coupled with اِخْتَلَطَتْ.) And دَخَلَ فِيهِمْ [He entered among them, so as to become a member of their community, confraternity, party, sect, or the like;] said of a stranger. (K.) [And دَخَلَ فِى طَاعَتِهِ: see طَائِعٌ, in art. طوع.] When دَخَلَ is said of income, or revenue, [meaning It came in, accrued, or was received,] the aor. is as above, and the inf. n. دَخْلٌ: (Msb:) and you say, يَدْخُلُ عَلَى الإِنْسَانِ [It comes in, or accrues, to the man]. (Msb, K. *) دَخَلَ بِهِ [lit. He entered with him, or it]: see 4. b2: [Hence, دَخَلَ فِيهِ meaning (assumed tropical:) It became included, comprehended, or comprised, in it. And hence,] دَخَلَ فِى دِينِ الإِسْلَامِ (assumed tropical:) [He entered within the pale of the religion of ElIslám; he entered the communion of that religion; he entered into, embraced, or became a proselyte to, that religion]. (Msb in art. سلم, &c. [See Kur cx. 2.]) And دَخَلَ فِى الأَمْرِ, inf. n. دُخُولٌ, (assumed tropical:) He entered upon, began, or commenced, the affair. (Msb.) [And دَخَلَ فِى أَمْرِ غَيْرِهِ, and أُمُورِ غَيْرِهِ, and ↓ تدخّل, and ↓ تداخل (assumed tropical:) He entered into, or mixed himself in, another's affair, and another's affairs.] b3: [Hence also, دَخَلَ عَلَيْهِ said of night, &c., It came upon him, or invaded him. And said of a word, such as a prep. &c., It was, or became, prefixed to it, preposed to it, or put before it.] b4: [دَخَلَنِى مِنْهُ seems (from an instance in art. بضع in the K) to mean (assumed tropical:) An evil opinion of him entered my mind; from دَخْلٌ as signifying “ a thing that induces doubt, or suspicion, or evil opinion. ”]

A2: دُخِلَ, (S, K,) like عُنِىَ; (K;) and دَخِلَ, aor. ـَ inf. n. [of the former] دَخْلٌ and [of the latter] دَخَلٌ; (K;) (assumed tropical:) He had an unsoundness (دَخَلٌ, S, K, i. e. فَسَادٌ, K) in his intel-lect, (S, K,) or in his body, (K,) or in his grounds of pretension to respect. (TA in explanation of the former verb.) And دَخِلَ أَمْرُهُ, aor. ـَ (K,) inf. n. دَخَلٌ, (TA,) (assumed tropical:) His affair, or case, or state, was, or became, intrinsically bad or corrupt or unsound. (K.) b2: دُخِلَ الطَّعَامُ The corn, or food, became eaten by worms or the like. (JK.) b3: دُخِلَ عَلَيْهِ (assumed tropical:) He was led into a mistake, or an error, respecting a thing, without knowing it, by his having preconceived it. (Msb.) 2 دخّل, inf. n. تَدْخِيلٌ, He put dates into a دَوْخَلَّة [q. v.]. (TA.) [In the present day, دخّلهُ is used in the first of the senses assigned below to أَدْخَلَهُ; but for this I have not found any classical authority.]3 مُدَاخَلَةٌ [inf. n. of داخل] signifies The entering [with another] into a place: or (assumed tropical:) into an affair. (KL.) You say, داخلهُ فِى أُمُورِهِ (assumed tropical:) [He entered with him into, or mixed with him in, his affairs]. (JK, S.) And دَاخَلَهُمْ [alone (assumed tropical:) He entered with them into, or mixed with them in, their affairs: he mixed with them in familiar, or social, intercourse: he conversed with them; or was, or became, intimate with them]. (Lh, TA in the present art. and in art. خلط. [See 3 in art. خلط.]) And دَاخَلَهُ فَسَادٌ فِى عَقْلٍ أَوْ جِسْمٍ (assumed tropical:) [Unsoundness in intellect, or body, infected him, as though commingling with him; like خَالَطَهُ]. (K.) دِخَالٌ [also is an inf. n. of داخل]: see 6, in two places. b2: [See also دِخَالٌ below.]4 ادخلهُ, inf. n. إِدْخَالٌ and مُدْخَلٌ, (S, K,) He made, or caused, him, or it, to enter; or to go, come, pass, or get, in; he put in, inserted, brought in, or introduced, him, or it; as also بِهِ ↓ دَخَلَ [lit. he entered with him, or it], (K, TA,) inf. n. دُخُولٌ. (TA.) You say, أَدْخَلْتُ زَيْدًا الدَّارَ, [for فِىالدَّارِ, I made, or caused, Zeyd to enter the house, or I brought, or introduced, Zeyd into the house,] inf. n. مُدْخَلٌ. (Msb.) Hence, in the Kur [xvii. 82], رَبِّ أَدْخَلْنِى مُدْخَلَ صِدْقٍ (S, * TA) O my Lord, cause me to enter El-Medeeneh in a good, or an agreeable, manner: (Jel: [see also various similar explanations in Bd:]) [or ↓ مُدْخَل may be here a n. of place, or of time: see, in art. خرج, what is said of the words of the Kur that follow, أَخْرِجْنِى مَخْرَجَ صِدْقٍ.] One says also, أَدْخَلْتُ الخُفَّ فِى رِجْلِى and القَلَنْسُوَةَ فِى رَأْسِى [for أَدْخَلْتُ رِجْلِى فِى الخُفِّ and رَأْسِى فِى القَلَنْسُوَةِ I put, or inserted, my leg, or foot, into the boot and my head into the cap]. (Ham p. 43.) b2: Hence the saying, يُدْخِلُ عَلَى قَوْمِهِ مَكْرُوهًا يَلْطَخُهُمْ بِهِ [He brings against his people an abominable, or evil, charge, aspersing them with it]. (S in art. عر.) 5 تَدَخَّلَ see 1, first sentence: and again in the latter half of the paragraph.6 تداخل signifies دَخَلَ بَعْضُهُ فِى بَعْضٍ [One part of it entered into another, or parts of it into others; meaning it became intermixed, intermingled, commixed, or commingled; it intermixed; it became confused: and hence it often means it became compact, or contracted]. (TA in art. قصر.) [Hence,] تَدَاخَلٌ signifies The entering of joints one into another; (M;) as also ↓ دِخَالٌ (JK, M, K) and ↓ دَخِيلٌ; (K;) but this last is not in the M [nor in the JK], and requires consideration: (TA:) [perhaps the joints (مَفَاصِل) here mentioned are those of a coat of mail; for it is said immediately before in the JK that دِخَالٌ in coats of mail signifies firmness, or compactness, of make. Hence also,] تَدَاخُلُ اللُّغَاتِ [The intermixture, or commixture, of dialects]. (Mz 17th نوع.) And تَدَاخُلُ الأُمُورِ (assumed tropical:) The dubiousness and confusedness of affairs; as also الأُمُورِ ↓ دِخَالُ. (TA.) b2: See also 1, in the latter half of the paragraph.

A2: [It is also trans.] You say, تَدَاخَلَنِ مِنْهُ شَىْءٌ [Something thereof, or therefrom, crept into me, i. e., into my mind]. (S, TA. [In the former, this meaning seems to be indicated by what there immediately precedes.]) And تَدَاخَلَنِى مِنْ هٰذَا الأَمْرِ رَمَضٌ (assumed tropical:) [Distress and disquietude, or grief, crept into me from, or in consequence of, this thing]. (A and TA in art. رمض.) 7 إِنْدَخَلَ see 1, first sentence.8 إِدَّخَلَ: see 1, first sentence. ادّخل عَلَىَّ [app. He encroached upon me]. (TA in art. هيض: see 1 in that art.) 10 استدخل He wished, desired, asked, or begged, to enter. (KL.) b2: And He entered a خَمَر [or covert of trees &c., or some other place of concealment]: said of one lurking to shoot, or cast, at objects of the chase. (TA.) دَخْلٌ Income, or revenue, or profit, that comes in, or accrues, to a man from his immovable property, such as land and houses and palm-trees

&c., (T, Msb, K,) and from his merchandise; (Msb;) contr. of خَرْجٌ; (S;) as also ↓ مَدْخُولٌ [for مَدْخُولٌ بِهِ]: (TA:) the former is originally an inf. n., of which the verb is دَخَلَ, aor. ـُ (Msb.) You say, دَخْلُهُ أَكْثَرُ مِنْ خَرْجِهِ [His income is more than his outgoings, or expenditure]. (Msb.) A2: See also دُخْلَةٌ. b2: A disease; (K;) as also ↓ دَخَلٌ: (K, TA; but not decisively shown to have this meaning in the CK:) a vice, fault, defect, or blemish; (S, K;) and particularly in one's grounds of pretension to respect, (Az, TA,) as also, thus restricted, ↓ دَخَلٌ: (K, TA:) and a thing that induces doubt, or suspicion, or evil opinion; as also ↓ دَخَلٌ [app. in all the senses explained in this sentence: each originally an inf. n.: see دُخِلَ and دَخِلَ]. (S, K.) Hence the saying, (S, TA,) of دَخُلَ Athmeh Bint-Matrood, (TA,) وَمَا يُدْرِيكَ بِالدَّخْلِ تَرَى الفِتْيَانَ كَالنَّخْلِ [Thou seest the youths, or young men, like palmtrees; but what will acquaint thee with the vice, &c., that is, or may be, in them]: (S, O, TA:) applied in relation to him who is of pleasing aspect, but devoid of good. (O, TA. [See also another reading of this verse voce رَقْلَةٌ.]) A3: See also دِخَالٌ: A4: and دَخِلٌ.

دُخْلٌ [A species of millet;] i. q. جَاوَرْسٌ; as also دُخْنٌ. (TA.) دِخْلٌ: see دُخْلَةٌ.

دَخَلٌ primarily signifies A thing that enters into another thing and is not of it. (Bd in xvi. 94.) See دَخْلٌ, in three places. Also Badness, corruptness, or unsoundness; or a bad, a corrupt, or an unsound, state or quality; (S in art. دغل, and K;) in intellect or in body [&c.]. (K.) You say, فِى عَقْلِهِ دَخَلٌ [In his intellect is an unsoundness]. (S, K.) And هٰذَاالأَمْرُ فِيهِ دَخَلٌ and دَغَلٌ [This affair, or case, in it is an unsoundness]: both signify the same. (S.) b2: Rottenness in a palm-tree. (TA.) b3: Leanness, or emaciation. (TA.) b4: Perfidiousness, faithlessness, or treachery: (K and TA; but not in the CK:) deceit, guile, or circumvention. (S, K.) Hence, in the Kur [xvi. 96], وَلَا تَتَّخِذُوا أَيْمَانَكُمْ دَخَلًا بَيْنَكُمْ [And make ye not your oaths to be a means of] deceit, or guile, or circumvention, between you. (S, TA. [And in the same sense it is used in verse 94 of the same ch.]) A2: Also People, or persons, who assert their relationship to those of whom they are not: (K:) in this sense thought by ISd to be a quasi-pl. n. [app. of دَخِيلٌ (q. v.), like as شَرَفٌ is of شَرِيفٌ]. (TA.) You say, هُمْ دَخَلٌ فِى بَنِى فُلَانٍ They are, among the sons of such a one, persons who assert their relationship to them not being of them. (S, K.) [But Freytag asserts, though without naming any authority, evidently taking it from the TK, in which I find it, that one says, هم دخل لهم, and also هو; thus applying it to a single person (which is questionable) as well as to a plurality.]

b2: And Tangled, or luxuriant, or abundant and dense, trees; (K;) as also دَغَلٌ. (TA.) دَخِلٌ Intrinsically bad or corrupt or unsound: and ↓ دَخْلٌ occurs in the same sense at the end of a verse: this may be a contraction of the former, or it may be for ذُو دَخْلٍ. (TA.) دَخْلَةٌ A place in which bees, (K,) or wild bees, (AA, TA,) deposit their honey. (AA, K, TA.) A2: See also the next paragraph.

دُخْلَةٌ The night of the ceremony of conducting a bride to her husband. (TA.) [In the present day, this night is commonly called لَيْلَةُالدُّخْلَةِ; vulgarly لَيْلَة اَلدُّخْلَهْ.]

A2: (assumed tropical:) The inward, or intrinsic, state, or circumstances, of a man; as also ↓ دَاخِلَةٌ: (S:) or, as also ↓ دِخْلَةٌ and ↓ دَخْلَةٌ and ↓ دَخِيلَةٌ and ↓ دَخِيلٌ and ↓ دُخْلُلٌ and ↓ دُخْلَلٌ and ↓ دُخَيْلَآءُ and ↓ دَاخِلَةٌ and ↓ دُخَّلٌ and ↓ دِخَالٌ, (K,) or, accord. to Lth, ↓ دُخَالٌ, (TA,) and ↓ دُخَّيْلَى and ↓ دِخْلٌ and ↓ دَخْلٌ (assumed tropical:) a man's intention: his way of acting, or his opinion: his whole case or circumstances: his mind, or heart: and his secret. (K.) You say, هُوَ عَالِمٌ بِدُخْلَتِهِ (assumed tropical:) He is acquainted with his inward, or intrinsic, state or circumstances. (S.) And every one of the foregoing fourteen syn. words is prefixed to the word أَمْر, so that you say, عَرَفْتُ دُخْلَةَ أَمْرِهِ &c., meaning (assumed tropical:) I knew the whole [of the inward, or intrinsic, circumstances] of his case. (TA.) ↓ فَرَشْتُهُ دِخْلَةَ

أَمْرِى, or فَرَشْتُ لَهُ دِخْلَةَ أَمْرِى, is a post-classical prov., meaning (assumed tropical:) I laid open to him the inward, or intrinsic, and true, or real, state of my case. (Har p. 306.) One says also, ↓ هُوَ حَسَنُّ الدِّخْلَةِ and ↓ المَدْخَلِ (tropical:) He is good in his way of acting in his affairs: (K, TA:) and ↓ فُلَانٌ حَسَنُ المَدْخَلِ وَالمَخْرَجِ (assumed tropical:) Such a one is good, and laudable, in his way of acting, or conduct. (TA.) دِخْلَةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph, in three places: b2: and see دُخْلُلٌ. b3: Also A mixture of colours in a colour. (T, M, K.) دُخْلَلٌ: see دُخَّلٌ.

A2: and see also دُخْلَةٌ: b2: and the paragraph here next following.

دُخْلُلٌ (assumed tropical:) A companion, [such as is] a confidant, and special friend; as also ↓ دَخِيلٌ (KL) and ↓ دَخِيلَةٌ [app. for صَاحِبُ دَخِيلَةٍ] (K * and TA voce وَلِيجَةٌ) and ↓ دِخْلَةٌ [app. for صَاحِبُ دِخْلَة]: (L voce وَلِيجَةٌ:) [the pl.] دُخْلُلُونَ signifies special, or particular, and choice, or select, friends: (Az, TA:) or دُخْلُلٌ signifies, as also ↓ دِخْلَلٌ and ↓ دَخِيلٌ and ↓ مُدَاخِلٌ, one who enters with another into the affairs of the latter: (K, TA:) [i. e.] الرَّجُلِ ↓ دَخِيلُ and دُخْلُلُهُ signify the man's particular, or special, intimate, who enters with him into his affairs. (S.) You say, بَيْنَهُمَا دُخْلُلٌ and ↓ دِخْلَلٌ, meaning (assumed tropical:) Between them two is a particular, or special, intimate, who enters with them into their affairs: so says Lh: but ISd says, I know not what it is: accord. to the T, on the authority of AO, the meaning is, between them is brotherhood, or fraternization, and love, or affection: and accord. to ISd and the K, الحُبِّ ↓ دُخْلَلٌ and دُخْلُلُهُ [the latter not in the CK nor in my MS. copy of the K] and ↓ دَاخِلُهُ signify (assumed tropical:) purity of inward love. (TA.) b2: دُخْلُلُونَ signifies also Persons of the lower, or lowest, sort, who enter among a people, or party, of whom they are not: thus having two contr. meanings. (Az, TA.) b3: الدخلل [app. الدُّخْلُلُ] and ↓ الدُّخَّالُ [thus in the TA] and ↓ الدَّاخِلُ, accord. to IAar, all signify The same as الأُذُنِ ↓ دَخَّالِ [an appellation now applied to the ear-wig; in the K, art. عقرب, said to be the عُقْرُبَان, but not as meaning the عَقْرَب or the male عَقْرَب]: accord. to Az, it is the هرنصان [i. e. هِرْنِصَان or هِرِنْصَان, a kind of worm, the species of which is doubtful]. (TA.) b4: See also دِخَّلٌ.

A2: And see دُخْلَةٌ.

دِخْلَلٌ: see the next preceding paragraph, in two places.

دِخْلِلٌ A portion of flesh (in some copies of the K of fat, TA) in the midst of flesh. (JK, Ibn-'Abbád, K.) دُخَالٌ: see دِخَالٌ: A2: and see also دُخْلَةٌ.

دِخَالٌ [an inf. n. of 3, q. v.]. b2: In watering, (S, K,) it is The putting in a camel, that has drunk, between two camels that have not drunk, (K,) or the bringing back a camel, that has drunk, from the resting-place by the water, to the watering-trough, and putting him in between two thirsty camels, (S,) in order that he may drink what, may-be, he has not drunk: (S, K:) in like manner it is explained in the T, on the authority of As, who adds that this is done only when the water is scanty: (TA:) or the putting in a weak or sick camel [that has already drunk] with those that are drinking, and then, after that, with those that are returning to the water, so that he drinks three times: (Skr:) or the driving of camels to the watering-trough a second time, in order that they may complete their drinking, after they have already been watered drove by drove: (JK, TA:) so says Lth; but the approved explanation is that of As: (TA:) or the driving of camels to the watering-trough at once, all together; as also ↓ دَخْلٌ. (JK.) A2: The forelocks of a horse; (K;) because of their entering, one into another; (TA;) as also ↓ دُخَالٌ: (K:) so in the M. (TA.) A3: See also دُخْلَةٌ.

دَخِيلٌ A guest. (M, TA.) Hence the saying of the vulgar, أَنَا دَخِيلُ فُلَانٍ [I am the guest of such a one; generally meaning I am under his protection]. (TA.) b2: See also دُخْلُلٌ, in three places. b3: [An adventive abider among a people.] You say, فُلَانٌ دَخِيلٌ بَيْنَ القَوْمِ Such a one is a person abiding among the people, not related to them. (Msb.) And هُوَ دَخِيلٌ فِيهِمْ He is a stranger to them (M, K) who has entered, (M,) or who enters, (K,) among them: (M, K:) applied also to a female. (TA.) [See دَخَلٌ, which is app. a quasi-pl. n. of دَخِيلٌ in this sense.] b4: Hence, A subject of discourse introduced by way of digression, or as having some relation to the class, or category, of the proper subjects treated of, but not included therein. (Msb.) b5: And A word that is adventitious, not indigenous, to the language of the Arabs; that is introduced into that language, and does not belong to it. (K.) There are many such words in the Jemharah of Ibn-Dureyd. (TA.) b6: And A horse that is introduced between two other horses in a race for a wager. (JK, O, TA.) [See مُحَلِّلٌ.] See also دَخِيلِىُّ. b7: And see دُخْلَةٌ: b8: and دَاخِلٌ.

A2: It is also said in the K to be syn. with دِخَالٌ in a sense explained above: see 6.

دَخِيلَةٌ: see دُخْلَةٌ: b2: and دُخْلُلٌ.

دُخَيْلَآءُ: see دُخْلَةٌ.

دَخِيلِىٌّ A gazelle [and any animal] brought up in, or near, the house or tent, and there fed, syn. رَبِيبٌ, (IAar, K, TA,) like أَهْلِىٌّ, (TA,) upon the neck of which are hung cowries. (IAar, TA.) And A horse that is fed only with fodder: so accord. to Aboo-Nasr and others: a meaning erroneously assigned in the K to ↓ دَخِيلٌ. (TA.) Accord. to Skr, A horse of a race called بَنَاتُ دَخِيلٍ. (TA.) دُخَيْلِيَآءُ [in the CK with ة in the place of the ء] A certain game of the Arabs. (JK, O, K, TA.) دُخَّلٌ Herbage that enters among the stems of trees, (S, K,) or among the lower parts of the branches of trees, (M, TA,) or among the branches of trees, and cannot be depastured by reason of its tangled state; also termed عُوَّذٌ. (T, TA.) b2: The feathers, or portions of feathers, that enter between the ظُهْرَان and بُطْنَان [here app. meaning the outermost and innermost portions]: (K:) they are the best thereof, because the sun does not strike upon them. (TA.) b3: A portion, or portions, of flesh, or of muscle, lying within sinews: (M, K:) or flesh whereof one portion is intermixed with another: (TA:) or دُخَّلُ اللَّحْمِ means flesh that cleaves to the bone; and such is the best of flesh. (T, TA.) b4: Applied to a man, (TA,) Thick, and compact, or contracted, in body; (K, * TA;) lit, having one portion thereof inserted into another. (TA.) b5: A certain bird, (S, K,) of small size, (S, TA,) dust-coloured, (K, TA,) that alights upon palm-trees and other trees, and enters among them; (TA;) also called ↓ دُخْلَلٌ and ↓ دُخْلُلٌ: (K:) n. un. دُخَّلَةٌ: ISd says that it is an intrusive bird, smaller than the sparrow, found in El-Hijáz: accord. to the T, it is a kind of small bird, like the sparrow, that has its abode in caves and in dense trees: AHát says, in “the Book of Birds,” that the دُخَّلَة is a certain bird that is found in caves, and enters houses or tents, and is caught by children: when winter comes, the birds of this kind disperse; and some of them become of a dusky colour, and of a dark and somewhat reddish colour, and gray (زَرْقَآء); and some, variegated with blackness and redness, and with whiteness: they are of the size of the lark, but the latter is larger than they are in the head; neither short nor long in the tail; but short in the legs, which are like the legs of the lark: (TA:) the pl. is دَخَاخِيلُ, (S, M, K,) which is anomalous in respect of the insertion of the ى: (M:) in the T, دخاليل [which is app. a mistranscription]. (TA.) A2: See also دُخْلَةٌ.

دُخَّلَةٌ Any compact portion of flesh. (Sgh, K.) b2: Also n. un. of دُخَّلٌ [q. v.]. (TA.) دَخَّالٌ That enters [into anything] much, or often; wont to enter. (TA.) [See دَسَّاسٌ.] b2: [Hence,] دَخَّالُ الأُذُنِ: see دُخْلُلٌ.

الدُّخَّالُ: see دُخْلُلٌ.

دُخَّيْلَى: see دُخْلَةٌ.

دَاخِلٌ [act. part. n. of 1, Entering, &c. Hence,] الدَّاخِلُ as meaning دَخَّالُ الأُذُنِ: see دُخْلُلٌ. b2: It is [also] applied as an epithet to a disease, and to love; [as meaning Internal, or inward;] and so ↓ دَخِيلٌ, in the same sense. (K.) b3: [Also, as a subst.,] The interior of anything; (M, Msb, * TA;) contr. of خَارِجٌ. (Msb.) Sb says that it is not used adverbially unless with a particle; [so that you may not say دَاخِلًا as meaning Within; but you say فِى دَاخِلٍ; and in like manner you say إِلَى دَاخِلٍ meaning In, or inwards; and مِنْ دَاخِلٍ meaning From within;] i. e. it is only a subst.; because it has a special signification, like يَدٌ and رِجْلٌ. (TA.) b4: دَاخِلُ الحُبِّ: see دُخْلُلٌ.

دَاخِلَةُ الإِزَارِ The part of the ازار [or waist-wrapper] that is next the body; (Mgh;) the extremity of the ازار that is next the body, (S, K,) next the right side (K, TA) of a man when he puts it on; being the inner extremity in that case: and the part of the body which is the place thereof; not of the ازار: IAmb says that, accord. to some, it is a metonymical term for the مَذَاكِير [meaning the penis with what is around it]: or, accord. to some, the hip, or haunch. (TA.) b2: دَاخِلَةُ الأَرْضِ The part of the ground that may serve as a place for concealment, and that is low, or depressed: pl. دَوَاخِلُ. (T, K.) One says, مَا فِى أَرْضِهِمْ دَاخِلَةٌ مِنْ خَمَرٍ [There is not in their land a place for concealment such as a hollow or a covert of trees]. (TA.) b3: [In the K and TA in art. جوز, the term دَاخِلَة is applied to Bad pieces of money intermixed and concealed among good pieces; as is there indicated in the K, and plainly shown in the TA.] b4: الدَّوَاخِلُ in the phrase الدَّوَاخِلُ وَالخَوَارِجُ has been explained in art خرج. (Msb. See خَارِجَةٌ.) b5: See also دُخْلَةٌ, in two places.

دَوْخَلَّةٌ and دَوْخَلَةٌ, with and without teshdeed, A thing [or receptacle] made of palm-leaves woven together, (ISk, S, K,) in which fresh ripe dates are put, (ISk, S,) or in which dates are put: (K:) pl. دَوَاخِيلُ, occurring in poetry, [the ى being app. inserted by poetic license,] (TA,) and دَوَاخِلُ. (K in art. لهث.) مَدْخَلٌ An entrance, i. e. a place of entrance, or ingress, (S, Msb,) of a house [or the like; and any inlet]. (Msb.) b2: [Hence,] (tropical:) A way of act-ing. (K, TA: see دُخْلَةٌ, last sentence, in two places.) [And مَدْخَلُ خَيْرٍ (assumed tropical:) A means of attaining, or doing, good.] b3: [Also A time of entrance.]

مُدْخَلٌ is syn. with إِدْخَالٌ: and is also the pass. part. n. of أَدْخَلَهُ: (S:) [and a n. of place: and of time:] see 4. b2: Also (assumed tropical:) Base, base-born, or ignoble; of suspected origin or lineage, or adopted, or who claims for his father one who is not: (K, * TA:) because he is introduced among a people [to whom he is not related]. (TA.) مِدْخَلٌ An instrument by means of which one enters: mentioned by Golius as meaning a key; on the authority of Ibn-Seenà (Avicenna).]

مُدَّخَلًا, in the Kur [ix. 57, accord. to the most usual reading, there meaning A place into which to enter], is originally مُدْتَخَلًا. (TA.) مَدْخُولٌ [for مَدْخُولٌ بِهِ]: see دَخْلٌ. b2: مَدْخُولٌ بِهَا [and عَلَيْهَا] (tropical:) A wife, or woman, to whom a man has gone in; meaning compressed; whether with the sanction of the law or not; (Mgh, TA;) but generally the former. (TA.) A2: (assumed tropical:) Having an unsoundness in his intellect, (S, K,) or in his body, or in his grounds of pretension to respect. (TA.) b2: (assumed tropical:) Emaciated. (S, K.) b3: Corn, or food, eaten by worms or the like. (TA.) b4: نَخْلَةٌ مَدْخُولَةٌ A palm-tree rotten (S, K) within. (S.) مُدَاخِلٌ: see دُخْلُلٌ. b2: نَاقَةٌ مُدَاخِلَةٌ الخَلْقِ A she-camel compact, and firm, or strong, in make. (TA.) And الجِسْمِ ↓ رَجُلٌ مُتَداخِلُ (K, * TA) A man compact, or contracted, in body; lit., having one portion thereof inserted into another. (TA.) مُتَدَخَّلٌ فِى أُمُورٍ One who puts himself to trouble, or inconvenience, to enter into affairs. (K.) [One who intrudes in affairs.]

مُتَداخِلُ الجِسْمِ: see مُدَاخِلٌ.

ضعف

1 ضَعُفَ, (S, O, Msb, K,) and ضَعَفَ, (O, Msb, K,) the latter on the authority of Yoo, (O,) or of Lh, (L,) aor. of each ـُ (Msb, K,) inf. n. ضُعْفٌ and ضَعْفٌ (S, * O, * Msb, K) [and app. ضَعَفٌ (q. v. infrà) or this is a simple subst.] and ضَعَافَةٌ and ضَعَافِيَةٌ, (K,) all of which are inf. ns. of the former verb, (TA,) or the first, which is of the dial. of Kureysh, is of the former verb, and the second, which is of the dial. of Temeem, is of the latter verb, (Msb,) He, or it, was, or became, weak, feeble, faint, frail, infirm, or unsound; ضُعْفٌ and ضَعْفٌ being the contr. of قُوَّةٌ, (S, O, Msb, K,) and of صِحَّةٌ; (Msb;) and both of them may be used alike, in every relation; or, accord. to the people of El-Basrah, both are so used; so says Az; (TA;) but some say that the former is used in relation to the body, and the latter in relation to the judgment or opinion. (O, Msb, K: but this is omitted in my copy of the TA.) b2: ضَعُفَ عَنِ الشَّىْءِ means He lacked strength, or power, or ability, to do or accomplish, or to bear, the thing; [he was weak so as to be disabled, or incapacitated, from doing, or accomplishing, or from bearing, the thing;] syn. عَجَزَ عَنْهُ, (Msb in art. عجز,) or عَجَزَ عَنِ احْتِمَالِهِ. (Msb in the present art.) b3: [See also ضَعْفٌ below.]

A2: ضَعُفَ also signifies It (a thing) exceeded; syn. زَادَ. (L, TA.) b2: And you say, ضَعَفْتُ القَوْمَ (Lth, O, K, *) aor. ـُ (O,) or ـَ (K, TA,) inf. n. ضَعْفٌ; (O;) [and app. ضَعُفْتُ عَلَيْهِمْ, like as you say زِدْتُ عَلَيْهِمْ;] I exceeded the people, or party, in number, so that I and my companions had double, or several-fold, the number that they had. (Lth, O, K. *) b3: See also 3.2 ضعّفهُ, inf. n. تَضْعِيفٌ: see 4: and see also المُضَعَّفُ. b2: Also He reckoned, or esteemed, him ضَعِيف [i. e. weak, &c.]; (O, K;) and so ↓ استضعفهُ, (S, O, Msb, K,) and ↓ تضعّفهُ: (O, K:) or ↓ استضعفهُ signifies he found him to be so; (TA;) or he asserted him to be (جَعَلَهُ) so; (Msb;) or, as also ↓ تضعّفهُ, he [esteemed him to be so, and therefore] behaved proudly, haughtily, or insolently, towards him, in respect of worldly things, because of [his] poverty, and meanness of condition. (IAth, TA.) غَلَبَنِى أَهْلُ الكُوفَةِ أَسْتَعْمِلُ عَلَيْهِمُ المُؤْمِنَ فَيُضَعَّفُ وَأَسْتَعْمِلُ عَلَيْهِمُ القَوِىَّ فَيُفَجَّرُ, [The people of El-Koofeh have overcome me: I employ as governor over them the believer, and he is esteemed weak; and I employ as governor over them the strong, and he is charged with unrighteousness:] is a saying mentioned in a trad. of 'Omar. (TA.) b3: And He attributed, or ascribed, (O, K,) to him, i. e. a man, (O,) or (tropical:) to it, i. e. a tradition, [&c.,] ضَعْف [meaning weakness, app., in the case of a man, of judgment, and in the case of a tradition &c., of authority]. (O, K, TA.) A2: and He doubled it, or made it double, covering one part of it with another part. (TA.) b2: See also the next paragraph, in two places.3 ضاعفهُ, (S, O, K,) inf. n. مُضَاعَفَةٌ; (S, Msb;) and ↓ ضعّفهُ, (S K,) inf. n. تَضْعِيفٌ; (S, O, Msb;) and ↓ اضعفهُ, (S, O, K,) inf. n. إِضْعَافٌ; (S, Msb;) all signify the same; (S, K;) i. e. He doubled it, or made it double, or two-fold; (O, K;) [and trebled it, or made it treble, or three-fold; and redoubled it, or made it several-fold, or manyfold; i. e. multiplied it; for] Kh says, التَّضْعِيفُ signifies the adding to a thing so as to make it double, or two-fold; or more [i. e. treble, or threefold; and several-fold, or many-fold]; (S, O, Msb;) and so الإِضْعَافُ, and المُضَاعَفَةُ; (S, Msb;) and ↓ ضَعَفَهُ, without teshdeed, signifies the same as ضاعفهُ. (Ham p. 257.) The saying, in the Kur [xxxiii. 30], يُضَاعَفْ لَهَا العَذَابُ ضِعْفَيْنِ, (Mgh, O, K,) in which AA read ↓ يُضَعَّفْ, (TA,) accord. to AO, (Mgh, O,) means, The punishment shall be made to her three punishments; (Mgh, O, K;) for, he says, she is to be punished once; and when the punishment is doubled twofold, [or is repeated twice,] the one becomes three: (TA:) he adds, (O,) and the tropical meaning of يُضَاعَفْ (مَجَازُ يُضَاعَفْ [for which مَجازٌ يُضَاعَفُ is erroneously put in the CK]) is two things' being added to a thing so that it becomes three: (O, K:) but Az disapproves this, saying that it is peculiar to the tropical and the common conventional speech, whereas the skilled grammarians state the meaning to be, she shall be punished with twice the like of the punishment of another; (Mgh;) [so that it may be rendered the punishment shall be doubled to her, made two-fold; and in like manner] Ibn-'Arafeh explains it as meaning she shall have two shares of punishment. (O.) فَيُضَاعِفُهُ لَهُ أَضْعَافًا كَثِيرَةً [And He will multiply it to him many-fold, or, as some read, فَيُضَاعِفَهُ that He may multiply it,] is another phrase occurring in the Kur [ii. 246]. (O, TA.) and one says, الثَّوَابَ لِلْقَوْمِ ↓ أَضْعَفْتُ [I doubled, or multiplied, the recompense to the people, or party]. (Msb.) And القَوْمُ ↓ أُضْعِفَ The people, or party, had a doubling, or multiplying, [of their recompense, &c.,] made to them; (Msb;) [and so, app., أَضْعَفُوا; (see مُضْعِفٌ;)] i. q. ضُوعِفَ لَهُمْ. (S, O, K.) 4 اضعفهُ He, (God, Msb, or another, S,) or it, (disease, TA,) rendered him ضَعِيف [i. e. weak, &c.]; (S, O, Msb, K;) as also ↓ ضعّفهُ. (L, TA.) A2: And أَضْعَفَ, said of a man, He became one whose beast was weak. (S, O, K.) A3: See also 3, first sentence, and last two sentences.5 تَضَعَّفَ see 2, in two places.

A2: [تضعّف app. signifies also He manifested weakness: see تضوّر.]6 تضاعف signifies صَارَ ضِعْفَ مَا كَانَ [i. e. It became double, or two-fold; and treble, or threefold; and several-fold, or many-fold]. (O, K.) 10 إِسْتَضْعَفَ see 2, in two places.

ضَعْفٌ an inf. n. of 1, like ↓ ضُعْفٌ, (S, * O, * Msb, K,) [both, when used as simple substs., signifying Weakness, feebleness, &c.,] but some say that the former is in the judgment or opinion, and the latter in the body; (O, Msb, K;) and ↓ ضَعَفٌ signifies the same, (IAar, K, TA,) and is in the body and also in the judgment or opinion and the intellect. (TA.) b2: ضَعْفُ التَّأْلِيفِ [Weakness of construction, in language,] is such a construction of the members of a sentence as is contrary to the [generally approved] rules of syntax; as when a pronoun is introduced before its noun with respect to the actual order of the words and the order of the sense [in a case in which the pronoun is affixed to the agent in a verbal proposition]; for instance, in the phrase, ضَرَبَ غُلَامُهُ زَيْدًا [“ His,” i. e. Zeyd's, “young man beat Zeyd ”]. (KT.) When the pronoun is affixed to the objective complement, as in خَافَ رَبَّهُ عُمَرُ [“ 'Omar feared his Lord ”] such introduction of it is common: (I'Ak p. 128:) and it is [universally] allowable when the pronoun is of the kind called ضَمِيرُ الشَّأْنِ, as in إِنَّهُ زَيْدٌ قَائِمٌ; or ضَمِيرُ رُبَّ, as in رُبَّهُ رَجُلًا لَقِيتُهُ; or ضَمِيرُ نِعْمَ, as in نِعْمَهُ رَجُلًا زَيْدٌ. (Kull p. 56.) b3: [In the CK, a signification belonging to ضُعْف is assigned to ضَعْف.]

ضُعْفٌ: see ضَعْفٌ. b2: مِنْ ضُعْفٍ in the Kur xxx. 53 means Of sperm. (O, K, TA.) AA, reciting before the Prophet, said مِنْ ضَعْفٍ; and was told by the latter to say من ضُعْفٍ, [i. e.] with damm. (TA.) ضِعْفُ الشَّىْءِ signifies The like of the thing, (AO, Zj, S, O, Msb, K, TA,) that doubles it (يُضْعِفُهُ); (Zj, TA;) and ضِعْفَاهُ, twice the like of it; (AO, S, O, Msb, K;) and أَضْعَافُهُ, the likes of it: (S, Msb:) الضِّعْفُ in the [proper] language of the Arabs means the like: this is the original signification: (Az, Msb:) and (K, TA, but in CK “ or,”) then, by a later [and conventional] usage, (Az, Msb,) the like and more, the addition being unlimited: (Az, Msb, K:) one says, هٰذَا ضِعْفُ هٰذَا i. e. This is the like of this: and هٰذَانِ ضِعْفَاهُ i. e. These two are twice the like of it: and it is allowable in the language of the Arabs to say, هٰذَا ضِعْفُهُ meaning This is twice the like [i. e. the double] of it, and thrice the like [i. e. the treble] of it, [and more,] because the ضِعْف is an unlimited addition: (Az, Msb: [and the like is said in the O, on the authority of Az:]) and one says, لَكَ ضِعْفُهُ meaning Thou shalt have twice the like of it, (Zj, O, K,) using the sing. form, though the dual form is better, (Zj, O,) and meaning also thrice the like of it, and more without limit: (K:) and الاِثْنَانِ ضِعْفُ الوَاحِدِ [i. e. الاثنان is the double of الواحد]: (M and K in art. ثنى:) and if one say in his will, أَعْطُوهُ ضِعْفَ نَصِيبِ وَلَدِى, twice the like of the share of his child is given to him; and if he say ضِعْفَيْهِ, thrice the like thereof is given to him; so that if the share of the son be a hundred, he [the legatee] is given two hundred in the former case, and three hundred in the latter case; for the will is made to accord with the common conventional language, not with the niceties of the [proper] language: (Az, Msb: [and the like is said, but less fully, in the Mgh:]) the pl. is أَضْعَافٌ only. (TA.) إِذًا لَأَذَقْنَاكَ ضِعْفَ الحَيَاةِ وَضِعْفَ المَمَاتِ, in the Kur [xvii. 77], means ضِعْفَ العَذَابِ حَيًّا وَمَيِّتًا, (S,) or ضِعْفَ عَذَابِ الحَيَاةِ وَضِعْفَ عَذَابِ المُمَاتِ, (O, Jel,) i. e. [In that case we would assuredly have made thee to taste] the like [or, as some explain it, the double] of the punishment of others in the present world and [the like or the double thereof] in the world to come: (Jel:) [Sgh adds, app. on the authority of Ibn-'Arafeh,] the meaning is, the punishment of others should be made two-fold, or more, (يُضَاعَف,) to thee, because thou art a prophet. (O.) In the saying, فَأُولَائِكَ لَهُمْ جَزَآءُ الضِّعْفِ بِمَا عَمِلُوا, in the Kur [xxxiv. 36], by الضِّعْفِ is meant الأضْعَافِ [i. e. For these shall be the recompense of the likes for what they have done]; and it is most properly held to denote ten of the likes thereof, because of the saying in the Kur [vi. 161], “Whoso doth that which is good, for him shall be ten of the likes thereof. ” (O.) In the saying, فَآتِهِمْ عَذَابًا ضِعْفًا, in the Kur [vii. 36], by ضِعْفًا is meant مُضَاعَفًا [i. e. Therefore do Thou recompense them with a doubled, or a double, punishment]: عَذَابٌ ضِعْفٌ meaning a punishment as though doubled, one part of it upon another. (TA.) b2: أَضْعَافُ الكِتَابِ means (tropical:) The interspaces of the lines, (S, O, K, TA,) or of the margin, (S, O,) or and of the margins, (K, TA,) of the writing, or book: (S, O, K, TA:) so in the saying, وَقَّعَ فُلَانٌ فِى أَضْعَافِ كِتَابِهِ (tropical:) [Such a one made an entry of a note or postil or the like, or entries of notes &c., in the interspaces of the lines, &c., of his writing, or book]: (S, O, TA:) and ↓ تَضَاعِيفُ الكِتَابِ signifies the same as أَضْعَافُهُ. (TA.) b3: And أَضْعَافُ الجَسَدِ (assumed tropical:) The limbs, members, or organs, (أَعْضَآء,) of the body: (O, K:) or the bones thereof: (AA, K:) or the bones thereof having flesh upon them: (TA:) sing. ضِعْفٌ. (K.) Hence the saying of Ru-beh, وَاللّٰهُ بَيْنَ القَلْبِ وَالأَضْعَافِ (assumed tropical:) [And God is between the heart and the limbs, &c.]. (TA.) And it is said of Yoonus, [the prophet Jonah,] كَانَ فِى أَضْعَافِ الحُوتِ (tropical:) [He was amid the members of the fish]. (TA.) ضَعَفٌ: see ضَعْفٌ.

A2: Also Garments, or pieces of cloth, made double (↓ مُضَعًّفَةٌ). (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K.) ضَعْفَةٌ Weakness of heart, and littleness of intel-ligence. (TA.) ضَعَفَةٌ A party, or company, or small company, (شِرْذِمَةٌ,) of the Arabs. (TA.) b2: Also a pl. of ضَعِيفٌ [q. v.]. (S &c.) ضَعْفَانُ: see ضَعِيفٌ.

ضَعُوفٌ: see the next paragraph, in two places.

ضَعِيفٌ (S, O, Msb, K) and [in an intensive sense] ↓ ضَعُوفٌ (Ibn-Buzurj, O, K) and ↓ ضَعْفَانُ (K) Weak, feeble, faint, frail, infirm, or unsound: (S, * O, * Msb, K: *) pl. (of the first, S, O, Msb) ضِعَافٌ and ضُعَفَآءُ and ضَعَفَةٌ, (S, O, Msb, K,) which last is [said to be] the only instance of its kind except خَبَثَةٌ pl. of خَبِيثٌ [q. v.], (TA,) and ضَعْفَى, like جَرْحَى pl. of جَرِيحٌ: (Msb:) fem. ↓ ضَعُوفٌ (Ibn-Burzurj, O, K) and ضَعِيفَةٌ; pl., applied to women, ضَعِيفَاتٌ (K) and ضَعَائِفُ and ضِعَافٌ. (TA.) وَخُلِقَ الْإِنْسَانُ ضَعِيفًا (in the Kur [iv. 32], O) means [For man was created weak, or] subject to be inclined by his desire. (O, L, K.) and الضَّعِيفَانِ [The two weak ones] means the woman and the slave: hence the trad., اِتَّقُوا اللّٰهَ فِى

الضَّعِيفَيْنِ [Fear ye God in respect of the woman and the slave]. (TA.) b2: In the dial. of Himyer, Blind: and [it is said that] thus it signifies in the phrase لَنَرَاكَ فِينَا ضَعِيفًا [Verily we see thee to be, among us, blind], (O, K,) in the Kur [xi. 93]: (O:) but Esh-Shiháb rejects this, in the 'Inayeh. (TA.) b3: [As a conventional term] in lexicology, applied to a word, [Of weak authority;] inferior to what is termed فَصِيحٌ, but superior to what is termed مُنْكَرٌ. (Mz, 10th نوع.) b4: Applied to verse, or poetry, [Weak;] unsound, or infirm; syn. عَلِيلٌ: thus used by Kh. (TA.) b5: The saying of a man who had found a thing dropped on the ground (وَجَدَ لُقَطَةً), فَعَرَّفْتُهَا ضَعِيفًا, means And I made it known in a suppressed, or low, [or weak,] voice. (Mgh in art. نفر.) ضَاعِفٌ A cow having a young one in her belly; (IDrd, O;) as though she were made double thereby: (TA:) but IDrd says that this is not of high authority. (O.) تَضْعِيفٌ inf. n. of 2. (S &c.) b2: تَضَاعِيفُ الشَّىْءِ means The doubles, or trebles, or multiples, of the thing; (مَا ضُعِّفَ مِنْهُ;) in this sense, تضاعيف has no sing., like تَبَاشِيرُ &c. (TA.) b3: تَضَاعِيفُ الكِتَابِ: see ضِعْف, near the end. b4: As expl. by Lth, (O,) التَّضْعِيفُ signifies حُمْلَانُ الكِيمِيَآءِ [i. e. What is used as an alloy in chemistry or alchymy]. (O, K.) مُضْعِفٌ A man whose beast, (S, K, and Mgh in art. كفأ,) or whose camel, (O,) is weak, (S, Mgh, O, K,) or untractable. (O.) Hence the saying of ' Omar, المُضْعِفُ أَمِيرٌ عَلَى أَصْحَابِهِ [He whose beast is weak, or untractable, is ruler over his companions]; (O, K;) i. e. in journeying; (O;) because they go his pace. (O, K.) And the saying, in a trad., يَرُدُّ مُشِدُّهُمْ عَلَى مُضْعِفِهِمْ [expl. in art. شد]. (Mgh in art. كفأ.) A2: فَأُولَائِكَ هُمُ الْمُضْعِفُونَ, in the Kur [xxx. 38], means These are they who shall have their recompense doubled, or multiplied: (Az, Bd, TA:) or those who double, or multiply, their recompense (Bd, Jel) and their possessions, (Bd,) by the blessing of their almsgiving: (Bd, Jel: *) but some read المُضْعَفُونَ. (Bd.) b2: المُضْعِفُ also signifies مَنْ فَشَتْ ضَيْعَتُهُ وَكَثُرَتْ [He whose property has become wide-spread and abundant]. (Ibn-' Abbád, O, L, K.) أَرْضٌ مُضَعَّفَةٌ Land upon which a weak rain has fallen: (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K:) and [in like manner] ↓ مَضْعُوفٌ signifies a place upon which has fallen only a little, or weak, rain. (O in art. رك.) b2: المُضَعَّفُ One of the arrows used in the game of المُيْسِر, that has no share, or portion, allotted to it; as though it were disabled from having a share (عَنْ أَنْ يَكُونَ لَهُ نَصِيبٌ ↓ كَأَنَّهُ ضُعِّفَ): (TA:) the second of the arrows termed الغُفْلُ, that have no notches, and to which is assigned [no portion and] no fine: these being added only to give additional weight to the collection of arrows from fear of occasioning suspicion [of foul play]. (Lh, M.) [See السَّفِيحُ.]

A2: See also ضَعَفٌ.

مُضَعِّفٌ A man having manifold good deeds. (TA.) مَضْعُوفٌ, applied to a thing, (S,) or to a man, (O,) Rendered ضَعِيف [i. e. weak, &c.]: (AA, S, O, K:) by rule it should be مُضْعَفٌ. (O, K.) A man weak in intellect: (IAar, TA:) or weakhearted and having little intellect. (TA.) b2: See also أَرْضٌ مُضَعَّفَةٌ, above.

دِرْعٌ مُضَاعَفَةٌ A coat of mail composed of double rings. (S, O, K.) b2: مُضَاعَفٌ as a conventional term used by those who treat of inflection, Having a [radical] letter doubled. (TA.) أَهْلُ الجَنَّةِ كُلُّ ضَعِيفٍ مُتَضَعَّفٍ [The meet for Paradise is every weak person who is esteemed weak]. (K, * TA. [In the CK, erroneously, مُتَضَعِّفٌ: and in the K, اهل الجنّة is omitted.])

خشب

1 خَشَبَ, (S, K,) aor. ـِ (K,) inf. n. خَشْبٌ, (TA,) He mixed a thing (S, K) with (بِ) another thing. (S.) b2: And He picked out, chose out, or selected, a thing: the verb thus having two contr. significations. (K, TA.) A2: Also, (S, K,) aor. and inf. n. as above, (S,) He polished a sword, (S, K,) by laying on it a broad and smooth spearhead and rubbing it therewith: so accord. to ElAhmar, who relates that an Arab of the desert said to him, I said to a sword-polisher, “Hast thou finished my sword? ” and he answered, نَعَمْ

إِلَّا أَنِّى لَمْ أَخْشِبْهُ [Yes, except that I have not polished it]. (S.) And [or, as in the TA, “or ”] He sharpened it. (K, TA.) b2: And He forged a sword: (K:) or fashioned it with the file, without polishing it: (TA:) or he made it imperfectly, not thoroughly, or not well: (A:) thus, again, the verb has two contr. significations: (K:) also he thus made an arrow: (A:) or he shaped out a bow, (AHn, K,) and an arrow, (TA,) [in a rough manner, or] by the first operation, (AHn, K, TA,) without perfecting it, or making it smooth, or even. (TA.) You say of a sword, before it has been filed, مَا أَحْسَنَ مَا خُشِبَ [How well has it been forged!]: and in like manner one says of an arrow, when it has been filed, before the سَفَن [with which it is smoothed] has been applied to it. (Skr, on a verse of Sakhr, cited below, voce خَشِيبَةٌ.) b3: [Hence,] خَشَبَ الشِّعْرَ, (ISk, S, A, K,) aor. and inf. n. as above, (A,) (tropical:) He said, spoke, or uttered, the poetry (ISk, S, A, K) as it came, (ISk, S,) [unpolished, and unstudied,] without affecting nicety, or refinement, therein, (ISk, S, A, K,) and without study, or labour: (A, K:) Jereer did thus, and Farezdak trimmed his verses; but the verses of Jereer thus produced are better than the trimmed verses of Farezdak: (A, TA:) and ↓ اختشبهُ signifies the same. (A, K.) You say also, هُمْ يَخْشِبُونَ الكَلَامَ وَالعَمَلَ (tropical:) [They say, speak, or utter, words, and do work, without affecting nicety, or refinement, and without study, or labour]: (A:) or imperfectly, or not thoroughly; inelegantly, or not well. (TA.) and اِتَّخَذَ السَّيْفَ خَشَبًا: see 8.5 تخشّب: see 8.

A2: تخشّبتِ الإِبِلُ The camels ate thick branches: (K:) or ate dry herbage. (S.) And تَتَخَشَّبُ عِيدَانَ الشَّجَرِ They take with the mouth, and eat, the branches of the trees. (TA.) 8 اختشب السَّيْفِ signifies ↓ اِتَّخَذَهُ خَشْبًا; He took the sword without choosing the best by taking it from this place or that; (L, TA;) as also ↓ تحشّبهُ. (TA.) b2: See also 1, near the end.12 اخشوشب He [a man or a camel (see خَشِبٌ)] was, or became, tall, and gross, rude, or coarse, with bones uncovered by flesh, and hard, or hardy. (K.) He (an ostrich) was, or became, rough, or coarse. (S.) b2: (assumed tropical:) He (a man) became hard, or hardy, and rough, or coarse, in his religion, clothing, food, and in all respects. (TA.) (assumed tropical:) He employed himself in work, and in walking barefoot, in order that his body might become thick, gross, or coarse. (S, TA.) And اخشوشب فِى عَيْشِهِ (assumed tropical:) He endured with patience a life of hardship, or difficulty: or he subjected himself to a life of hardship, or difficulty, in order to render himself the more able to bear it. (K, TA.) اِخْشَوْشِبُوا is thus used in a trad. of 'Omar: (S, TA:) or, as some relate it, the word is [اجشوشبوا,] with ج; or, accord. to some, اخشوشنوا, with خ and ن. (TA.) رَجُلٌ قِشْبٌ خِشْبٌ A man in whom is no good: (S, K:) or with whom is no good: (TA:) [in some copies of the K, خِشْبٌ وَ قِشْبٌ; but this, as is said in the TA, is incorrect:] خِشْبٌ being an imitative sequent to قِشْبٌ. (S, TA.) خَشَبٌ [Wood, such as is used in carpentry and the like; timber;] thick wood: (A, K:) [a coll. gen. n.:] n. un. خَشَبَةٌ [signifying a piece of wood or timber]: (Msb:) the pl. of the latter, (S, Msb, *) or of the former, (K,) is خَشَبٌ, (S, K, [i. e., accord. to the K, the pl. is the same as the sing., but properly speaking, as said above, this is a coll. gen. n.,]) and خُشُبٌ and خُشْبٌ (S, Msb, K) and خُشْبَانٌ, (S, K,) [which last is agreeable with analogy as pl. of خَشَبٌ,] or خُشْبَانٌ is pl. of خُشْبٌ, and خُشْبٌ is pl. of خَشَبَةٌ. (JK.) The hypocrites are described in a trad. as خُشُبٌ بِاللَّيْلِ صُخُبٌ بِالنَّهَارِ Like timbers, or pieces of wood, in the night; [clamorous in the day;] meaning that they pass the night in sleep, without prayer. (TA.) b2: مَالٌ خَشَبٌ (assumed tropical:) Cattle that are lean, or emaciated, syn. هَزْلَى, (K,) in consequence of their feeding upon dry herbage. (TA.) [And it seems that ↓ خَشَبٌ signifies the same: for I find in the TA, and in a copy of the A which I believe to have been used by the author of the TA, mentioned as tropical, مَالٌ خَشَبٌ وَحَطِبٌ جَزْلٌ, app. meaning that مَالٌ خَشِبٌ and حَطِبٌ signify جَزْلٌ; but جَزْلٌ, I think, is here evidently a mistranscription for هَزْلَى; as حَطِبٌ is explained in the S and K as signifying “ very lean or meagre. ”]

خَشِبٌ Rough, or coarse; as also ↓ أَخْشَبُخَشِيبٌ: (K:) the former applied in this sense to a male ostrich: (S:) and both signify anything gross, or big, and rough, or coarse; (A 'Obeyd, S;) as also ↓ خَشِيبٌ: (TA:) and the first, (K,) applied to a man and to a camel, (TA,) tall, and gross, rude, or coarse, with bones uncovered by flesh, and hard, or hardy, and strong; (K, * TA;) as also ↓ خَشِيبٌ and ↓ خَشِيبِىٌّ: (K:) or these three signify, or signify also, dry, or rigid, or tough: (Kr, ISd:) and خَشِبٌ, a man hard, or hardy, strong, and vigorous, in body: (A, TA:) and the same, (JK,) or ↓ خَشِيبٌ, (TA,) a man whose bones are uncovered by flesh, and whose sinews are apparent; (JK, TA;) hard, or hardy, and strong: (JK:) and the last, a gross, big, or coarse, camel: (S, TA:) a camel gross, coarse, or rude, in make, and ugly: (TA:) and a horse thick, or big, in the bones. (Ham p. 207.) See also خَشَبٌ. And see أَخْشَبُ, in two places. b2: Also (assumed tropical:) Life in which one is not dainty, nice, or scrupulous. (K.) خَشْبَةٌ The first filing of a sword, before the polishing. (TA.) خُشْبَانٌ: see أَخْشَبُ.

خَشَابٌ: see أَخْشَبُ.

خُشَابٌ, from the Persian خُوشْ آبْ, [The beverage properly called in Arabic] نَبِيذ. (TA.) خَشِيبٌ and ↓ مَخْشُوبٌ Mixed. (TA.) b2: and the former, (K,) or both, (TA,) Picked out, chosen, or selected: (K, TA:) both words thus having two contr. significations. (TA.) A2: Also the former (S, K) and latter, (K,) A sword polished: (S, K: *) this is [said to be] the prevailing signification: (TA:) or both signify a sharpened sword. (JK, TA.) b2: And the former, (As, S, K,) or both, (JK, A,) A sword of which the forging is commenced; thus [again] having two contr. significations: (S:) or forged, (K, * TA,) or fashioned with the file, but not yet polished: (As, TA:) or newly made: (TA:) or imperfectly, not thoroughly, or not well, wrought; (JK, A;) and thus both words applied to an arrow: (A:) or the former, (S, K,) or both, (TA,) applied to an arrow, (S, K,) and to a bow, (K,) shaped out (S, K) [in a rough manner,] by the first operation, (S, TA,) not yet perfected, or made smooth, or even: (TA:) pl. of the former (accord. to the TA as applied to a bow [but I see no reason for this restriction]) خُشُبٌ and خَشَائِبُ. (K.) لَمْ يُنَقَّحْ ↓ مَخْشُوبٌ [Rough hewn, not yet trimmed,] is a prov., mentioned by Meyd and Z. (MF, TA.) b3: [Hence,] شِعْرٌ خَشِيبٌ and ↓ مَخْشُوبٌ (tropical:) Poetry said, spoken, or uttered, as it has come to the speaker, [unpolished, and unstudied,] without his affecting nicety, or refinement, therein, and without study, or labour. (A, * TA.) And جَآءَ

↓ بِلمَخْشُوبِ (tropical:) [He said, or uttered, that which came to him, as it came, unpolished, and unstudied]. (A, TA.) b4: See also خَشِيبٌ voce خَشِبٌ, in three places. b5: It also signifies Bad, corrupt, or vile. (K.) خَشِيبَةٌ The natural quality [of the metal] of a sword, (Skr on the verse here following, S, TA,) before the making thereof is completed: (Skr:) or its blade, or iron: (A:) or its edge: or its polish. (JK.) Sakhr says, وَصَارِمٌ أُخْلِصَتْ خَشِيبَتُهُ

أَبْيَضُ مَهْوٌ فِى مَتْنِهِ زُبَدُ And a sharp sword of which the natural quality [of the metal] before the completion of the making thereof has been refined, [white, or a sword,] thin in the two edges or sides, having [in its broad side] diversified marks. (Skr.) خَشِيبِىٌّ: see خَشِبٌ.

خَشَّابٌ: see what next follows.

خَشَّابَةٌ [a coll. gen. n., of which the n. un. is ↓ خَشَّابٌ,] Sellers of خَشَب [i. e. wood, or timber]. (TA.) b2: Fighters with staves.

A2: Accord. to ElHejeree, خشابة [so in the TA, without any syll. sign,] signifies A slender [implement of the kind called] مطرق [i. e. مِطْرَق, q. v.,] which the polisher, when he has finished the polishing of a sword, passes over it, in consequence of which the scabbard does not alter its state. (TA.) خَاشِبٌ: see مُخْتَشِبٌ.

أَخْشَبُ: see خَشِبٌ. Also A great mountain: (A:) or a rugged, or rough, and great mountain; (S, K;) and so ↓ جَبَلٌ خَشِبٌ: or such as is not to be ascended: (TA:) an elevated place, rugged, with rough stones: (JK:) a tract of the kind termed قُفّ, rugged and stony: (TA:) pl. أَخَاشِبُ, (A, TA,) because the quality of a subst. is predominant in it: and the fem. خَشْبَآءُ is also sometimes used in the same sense; or as syn. with غَيْضَةٌ [i. e. a thicket, &c.]; but the former meaning is better known: and this [likewise] is thought to be rather a subst. than an epithet, because of the pl., mentioned above: (TA:) and ↓ خُشْبَانٌ [also seems to be a pl. of أَخْشَبُ, or of خَشِبٌ; for it is said that it] signifies rugged, or rough, mountains, neither great nor small: (K:) and rugged ground. (TA in art. ذنب.) خَشْبَآءُ also signifies Hard land or ground; (K, * TA;) land, or ground, in which are stones and pebbles and earth or clay. (IAmb, TA.) And أَرْضٌ

↓ خَشَابٌ (K, TA) Hard land or ground, like خَشْبَآءُ, (TA,) that flows with the least rain. (K, TA.) And أَكَمَةٌ خَشْبَآءُ (S, TA) A hill of which the stones are scattered, but near together. (TA.) And جَبْهَةٌ خَشْبَآءُ A displeasing forehead; as also ↓ خَشِبَةٌ: (TA:) or a displeasing, rigid forehead; (JK, S, K; *) not even. (JK.) And أَخْشَبُ الجَبْهَةِ A man having a displeasing and rigid forehead. (TA.) بَيْتٌ مُخَشَّبٌ [so in the present day, but written in the TA without any syll. sign,] A house having خَشَب [i. e. wood, or timber, employed in its construction]. (TA.) مَخْشُوبٌ: see خَشِيبٌ, in four places. b2: It is applied to a horse, by El-Aashà; (S, TA;) meaning Of mixed pedigree: (A 'Obeyd, TA:) or not broken; not well trained; from what next follows; and thus used only by El-Aashà. (IKh, TA.) b3: جَفْنَةٌ مَخْشُوبَةٌ A wooden bowl imperfectly made. (IKh, TA.) b4: طَعَامٌ مَخْشُوبٌ [Food imperfectly prepared; i. e.], if flesh-meat, not thoroughly cooked; and if not flesh-meat, (but grain, TA,) without any seasoning, or condiment, to render it pleasant, or savoury. (K, * TA.) مُخْتَشِبٌ One who eats what he can; as also ↓ خَاشِبٌ. (JK.)

نجر

نَجَرَ, (S, A, Msb,) aor. ـُ (S, Msb,) inf. n. نَجْرٌ, (S, A, Msb, K,) He worked wood as a carpenter; cut or hewed it; formed or fashioned it by cutting; cut it out; hewed it out; shaped it out; syn. نَحَتَ; (Lth, S, A, K;) or, as some say, قَطَعَ. (TA.) A2: نَجَرَتْ, (TA,) [aor. as above, accord. to the rule of the K,] inf. n. نَجْرٌ, (K,) She (a woman) made, or prepared, the kind of food called نَجِيرَة, (K, * TA,) for her children, and her pastors. (TA.) نَجْرٌ (assumed tropical:) The shape, or form, of a man [or beast]; his appearance, or external state or condition: (TA:) (assumed tropical:) species; distinctive quality or property; syn. لَوْنٌ; as also ↓ نِجَارٌ and ↓ نُجَارٌ: (S, TA:) (tropical:) nature; natural or native disposition or temper or other quality or property; (A, TA;) of a man [&c.]; as also ↓ نِجَارٌ or ↓ نُجَارٌ: (A [in my copy of the A written erroneously نَجَارٌ:]) his place of growth; as also نجار: (A:) origin; syn. أَصْلٌ; as also ↓ نِجَارٌ and نُجَارٌ: (S, * K:) grounds of pretension to respect; rank or quality, nobility, honourableness, or estimableness; syn. ↓ حَسَبٌ; (S, * TA;) as also ↓ نِجَارٌ (S, * Msb, TA) and ↓ نُجَارٌ: (S, TA:) generosity of mind or spirit (A.) It is said in the prov., ↓ كُلٌّ نِجَارِ إِبِلٍ نِجَارُهَا وَنَارُ إِبْلِ العَالَمِينَ نَارُهَا Every species of camels is their species: (S:) or every origin &c.: (K:) [and every mark of the camels of the various peoples of the world is their mark: (the latter hemistich is omitted in the S, K, but inserted in the TA:)] the camels here mentioned by the poet were stolen from among a variety of camels, and comprised every species [with every mark]. (TA.) The proverb is applied to him who confounds things; (S;) and means, he has in him every sort of disposition, and has no opinion in which he is settled. (A 'Obeyd, S, K.) [See Freytag's Arab. Prov., ii. 317. See also نَارٌ.]

نَجْرَانٌ The piece of wood in which is the foot of a door: (K:) or the piece of wood upon which the foot of a door turns: (S:) or the foot of a door, upon which it turns: (A:) or the دَرْوَنْد [a Persian word signifying a bolt, and a hook,] of a door. (IAar, TA.) [Chald. נַנְרָא vectis, pessulus: (Golius:) which suggests that the original signification may be that assigned by IAar: but the first and second and third are alone agreeable with the following verse.] AO, cites this ex.: صَبَبْتُ المَآءَ فِى النَّجْرَانِ حَتَّى

تَرَكْتُ البَابَ لَيْسَ لَهُ صَرِيرُ [I poured water into, or upon, the نجران, so that I made the door to have no creaking]. (S.) نُجَارٌ and نِجَارٌ: see نَجْرٌ, throughout.

نُجَارَةٌ [Cuttings, chips, parings, shavings, or the like, of wood;] what is cut, or hewn, (K, TA,) from wood, (TA,) when it is worked by the carpenter. (TA.) نِجَارَةٌ The art of carpentry. (Msb, K.) نَجِيرَةٌ Milk mixed with flour: or with clarified butter: (K:) or, accord. to Abu-l-Ghamr ElKilábee, fresh milk to which clarified butter is added. (S.) See حَرِيرَةٌ.

نَجَّارٌ A carpenter. (S, A, Msb, K.) أَنْجَرٌ The anchor of a ship, (A, K,) composed of pieces of wood, (K, TA,) which are put with their heads in contrary directions, and the middles of which are bound together in one place, after which, (TA,) molten lead is poured between them, so that they become like a rock; (K, TA;) the heads of the pieces of wood project, and to these are tied ropes; then it is lowered in the water, (TA,) and when it becomes fast, the ship becomes fast: (K, TA:) it is a Persian word, (TA,) arabicized, from لَنْكَرْ: (K, TA:) [or from the Greek ἄγκυρα:] accord. to the T, a word of the dial. of El-'Irák. (TA.) You say هُوَ أَثْقَلُ مِنْ أَنْجَرٍ He is heavier than an anchor. (A.) إِنْجَارٌ: see إِجَّارٌ.

مَنْجُورٌ Wood worked, cut, hewed, formed, or fashioned by the carpenter. (A.)

رصد

1 رَصَدَهُ, (As, S, A, Msb, K,) aor. ـُ (As, S, Msb,) inf. n. رَصْدٌ (S, Msb, K) and رَصَدٌ; (S, K;) and ↓ ارتصدهُ, (A,) and ↓ ترصّدهُ, (S, * K,) or لَهُ ↓ ترصّد, (A,) He sat [or lay in wait] for him in the road, or way: [see رَصَدٌ:] (A, Msb:) or he watched, or waited, for him; (As, S, K;) and so ↓ راصدهُ, (A,) and لَهُ ↓ ارصد: (L:) [or] you say, رَصَدَهُ بَِالخَيْرِ وَغَيْرِهِ, aor. ـُ inf. n. رَصْدٌ, he watched, or waited, for him [with that which was good and otherwise]; and in like manner, رَصَدَهُ بِالمُكَافَأَةِ [he watched, or waited, for him with requital]; (M;) and also رَصَدَ لَهُ, and ↓ ارصدهُ: (Hudot;am p. 89:) or, accord. to some, you say, لَهُ بِالخَيْرِ وَالشَّرِّ ↓ ارصد; only with ا; not otherwise: [see this verb below:] and accord. to some, one says, رَصَدَهُ, meaning he watched, or waited, for him; and لَهُ الأَمْرَ ↓ ارصد, meaning he prepared for him the thing, or affair, or event; and ↓ اِرْتِصَادٌ is syn. with رَصْدٌ. (M.) One says of a serpent (حَيَّة), تَرْصُدُ المَارَّةَ عَلَى الطَّرِيقِ لِتَلْسَعَ [It watches, or lies in wait, for the passers-by on the road, or way, that it may bite]: (L:) and of a beast of prey, (S, A, K,) or of a wolf, (M,) يَرْصُدُ لِيَثِبَ, (S, M, A,) or يَرْصُدُ الوُثُوبَ, (K,) i. e. He watches, or waits, to leap, or spring: (TA:) and of a she-camel, تَرْصُدُ شُرْبَ الإبِلِ ثُمَّ تَشْرَبُ [She watches, or waits, for the drinking of the other camels, and then she drinks]; (S, A;) or تَرْصُدُ شُرْبَ غَيْرِهَا لِتَشْرَبَ هِىَ [she watches, or waits, for the drinking of others, that she may drink]. (K.) b2: رُصِدَتِ الأَرْضُ The land was rained upon by a rain such as is termed رَصْدَةٌ, (S,) or by rain such as is termed رَصَدٌ. (TA.) 3 رَاْصَدَ see above, first sentence.4 ارصدهُ عَلَى كَذَا He charged him with the watching, or guarding, of such a thing. (L.) b2: See also 1, in four places. b3: ارصد لَهُ also signifies (tropical:) He prepared, or made ready, [a person, or thing,] for him, or it; (As, S, A, K;) as an army for battle, and a horse for charging, and property, or money, for the payment of what was due. (A, TA.) You say, أَرْصَدْتُ لَهُ العُقْوبَةَ (tropical:) I prepared for him punishment: properly signifying I put punishment in his road, or way. (L.) And أَرْصَدْتُ لَهُ خَيْرًا and شَرًّا (tropical:) [I prepared for him good and evil]. (A.) إِلَّا أَنْ أُرْصِدَهُ لِدَيْنٍ

عَلَىَّ occurs in a trad. [as meaning (tropical:) Unless I prepare it for a debt that I owe]. (S.) And [hence, app., as seems to be indicated in the TA,] you say, يُرْصِدُ الزَّكَاةَ فِى صِلَةِ إِخْوَانِهِ (tropical:) He places alms in kind, or good and affectionate and gentle and considerate, treatment of his brethren; [as though meaning he prepares for himself the recompense of alms (ثَوَابَ الزَّكَاةِ, like as one says يَحْتَسِبُ عَمَلَهُ meaning يحتسب ثَوَابَ,) عَمَلِهِ,) in so doing;] reckoning such treatment of them as alms. (TA.) b4: Also (tropical:) He requited him, or recompensed him, with good, (L, K, TA,) accord. to the original application, (L, TA,) or with evil, (L, K, TA,) as some apply it. (L, TA.) b5: And ارصد الحِسَابَ (assumed tropical:) He showed, or cast up, or produced, the reckoning. (MF, from the 'Ináyeh.) 5 تَرَصَّدَ see 1, first sentence, in two places.8 إِرْتَصَدَ see 1, in two places.

رَصْدٌ: see the next paragraph.

رَصَدٌ: see رَاصِدٌ, in three places.

A2: Also A road, or way; (Msb;) and so ↓ مَرْصَدٌ, (TA,) both signify the same, (M,) and ↓ مرْصَادٌ (S, K, TA) and ↓ مُرْتَصَدٌ: (TA:) and ↓ مِرْصَادٌ, (IAmb, K,) or ↓ مَرْصَدٌ, (S,) or both, (M, A,) and ↓ مُرْتَصَدٌ and رَصَدٌ, (A,) a place where one lies in wait, or watches, (IAmb, S, M, A, K,) for an enemy: (IAmb, K:) the pl. of رَصَدٌ is أَرْصَادٌ; (Msb;) and the pl. of ↓ مَرْصَدٌ is مَرَاصِدُ, (TA,) which signifies also lurking places of serpents. (M, L.) You say, ↓ قَعَدَ لَهُ بِالمَرْصَدِ and ↓ بِالمِرْصَادِ and ↓ بِالمُرْتَصَدِ (A, Msb) and بِالرَّصَدِ (A) He lay in wait for him in the way. (A, * Msb.) And أَنَا لَكَ بِالرَّصَدِ and ↓ بِالمِرْصَادِ (tropical:) [I am in the place of lying in wait for thee], meaning thou canst not escape me. (A.) And 'Adee says, ↓ وَإِنَّ المَنَايَا لِلّرِجَالِ بِمرْصَدِ (tropical:) [And verily deaths are in a place of lying in wait for men, so that they cannot escape them]. (TA.) ↓ وَاقْعُدُوا لَهُمْ كُلَّ مَرْصَدٍ, in the Kur [ix. 5], means And lie ye in wait for them in every road, or way; (AM, TA;) accord. to Fr, in their way to the Sacred House. (TA.) and ↓ إِنَّ رَبَّكَ لَبِالْمِرْصَادِ, in the Kur [lxxxix. 13], means Verily thy Lord is in the way; i. e., in the way by which thou goest; (TA;) so that none of thine actions escapeth Him: (Msb:) or it means that He watcheth, or lieth in wait, to punish him who disbelieveth in Him and turneth away from Him: (Zj, TA:) or that He watcheth every man to recompense him for his deeds: (Ibn-'Arafeh, TA:) or, accord. to El-Aamash, المرصاد is here a name applied to three bridges behind the صِرَاط; on one of which is security; on another, mercy; and on the third, the Lord. (L, TA.) A3: Also A small quantity of rain: (S, K:) one says, بِهَا رَصَدٌ مِنْ حَيًا [In it, namely, the land (الأَرْض), is a small quantity of rain]: (S:) and so ↓ رَصْدٌ: (TA:) or both signify rain that comes after other rain: or rain that falls first, before other rain coming: or the first of rain: or, accord. to IAar, the former word signifies rain such as is termed عِهَاد, after which other rain is looked for; and if other rain follow it, herbage is produced: one shower thereof is termed ↓ رَصَدَةٌ and ↓ رَصْدَةٌ; the latter mentioned by Th: (M:) or ↓ رَصْدَةٌ signifies a shower, or what falls at once, of rain [app. in any case]: (S, K:) the pl. of رَصَدٌ is أَرْصَادٌ (S, M, K) and رِصَادٌ, (M,) the latter mentioned on the authority of A'Obeyd: (TA:) [or] the latter is pl. of ↓ رَصْدَةٌ. (S.) b2: Also A small quantity of herbage, (S, M, K,) in land upon which one hopes for the fall of the rain of the season called الرَّبِيع. (M.) رَصْدَةٌ an inf. n. of un. of 1: pl. رَصَدَاتٌ, whence the saying, لَا يُخْطِئُكَ مِنِّى رَصَدَاتُ خَيْرٍ, or شَرٍّ, (tropical:) [My watchings of good conduct, or of evil, will not miss thee], meaning I will requite thee for thy deeds. (A, TA.) A2: See also the latter part of the next preceding paragraph, in three places.

رُصْدَةٌ A pitfall for a lion; syn. زُبْيَةٌ. (S, K.) b2: And A ring of brass, or of silver, in the thongs [or cords] by means of which the sword is suspended. (K.) رَصَدَةٌ: see رَصَدٌ, in the latter part of the paragraph.

رَصَدِىٌّ One who lies in wait for men in the way, to take their property unjustly; (Msb;) syn. with the Pers\. رَاهْدَارْ; and so ↓ رَصَّادٌ. (Meyd, accord. to Golius [who, however, explains the Pers\. word as meaning viæ custos, et vectigalium pro transitu exactor; which I do not think to be here intended thereby].) رَصُودٌ A she-camel that watches, or waits, for the drinking of others, (S, A, K,) and then herself drinks, (S, A,) or that she may drink. (K.) رَصِيدٌ A beast of prey, (S, A, K,) or a wolf, (M,) that watches, or waits, to leap, or spring. (S, M, A, K.) And A serpent (حَيّةٌ) that watches, or lies in wait, to bite persons passing along the road, or way. (L.) رَصَائِدُ Snares, or traps, prepared for catching beasts of prey; as also وَصَائِدُ. ('Arrám, L.) رَصَّادٌ: see رَصَدِىٌّ.

رَاصِدٌ Sitting [or lying in wait] for one in the road, or way: (Msb:) or watching, or waiting; لِشَىْءٍ for a thing: (S:) or one lying in wait, or in a place of watching, or in a road or way, for the purpose of guarding: (Mgh:) pl. رَاصِدُونَ, (K,) and ↓ رَصَدٌ, like as خَدَمٌ is pl. of خَادِمٌ, (Mgh, Msb,) and حَرَسٌ of حَارِسٌ; (Mgh;) or [rather] رَصَدٌ is syn. with رَاصِدُونَ, (S, * A, * K,) or with مُرْتَصِدُونَ, [which has the same meaning,] and is a quasi-pl. n., (M,) a word like حَرَسٌ (S, A) and خَدَمٌ, (A,) and used alike as sing. and pl. [and masc.] and fem.; and sometimes they said أَرْصَادٌ; (S;) and رَصَدَةٌ also is used as a pl. of رَاصَِدٌ, agreeably with analogy; (Mgh;) and رُصَّدٌ likewise appears to be a pl. of the same. (Ham p. 415.) One says, ↓ فُلَانٌ يَخَافُ رَصَدًا مِنْ قُدَّامِهِ وَطَلَبًا مِنْ وَرَائِهِ i. e. [Such a one fears] an enemy lying in wait [before him, and pursuers behind him]. (A.) By ↓ رَصَدًا in the Kur lxxii. last verse but one, are meant watchers over an angel sent down with a revelation, lest one of the jinn, or genii, should overhear the revelation and acquaint therewith the diviners, who would acquaint other men therewith, and thus become equal to the prophets. (M, L.) b2: Hence, (TA,) الرَّاصِدُ is an appellation of The Lion. (K, TA.) مُرْصَدٌ: see رَصَدٌ, in six places.

مُرْصِدٌ [i. q. رَاصِدٌ]. One says, أَنَا لَكَ مُرْصِدٌ بِإِحْسَانِكَ حَتَّى أُكَافِئَكَ بِهِ (tropical:) [I am watching, or waiting, for thee, on account of they beneficence, that I may requite thee for it]. (Lth, A.) b2: أَرْضٌ مُرْصِدَةٌ Land in which is a small quantity (رَصَدٌ, M) of herbage: (M, K:) or land which has been rained upon, and which it is hoped will produce herbage: (AHn, M, K:) and land upon which has fallen a rain such as is termed رَصْدَة; (M;) and so ↓ مَرْصُودَةٌ: (S, M:) or, accord. to some, one should not say مَرْصُودَةٌ nor مُرْصدَةٌ; but أَصَابَهَا رَصْدٌ and رَصَدٌ. (M.) مِرْصَادٌ: see رَصَدٌ, in five places.

أَرْضٌ مَرْصُودَةٌ: see مُرْصِدٌ.

مُرْتَصَدٌ: see رَصَدٌ, in three places.

ولج

1 وَلَجَ, aor. ـِ inf. n. وُلُوجٌ and لِجَةٌ; and ↓ إِتَّلَجَ; (S, K;) and ↓ تولّج; (L;) He, or it, entered. (S, K.) You say وَلَجَ البَيْتَ, and ↓ اتّلجه, and ↓ تولّجهُ, He entered the house. (L.) And وَلَجَ الشَّىْءُ فِى غَيرِهِ The thing entered into another thing. (Msb.) As is said in the S and L, Sb says that وَلَجَ has for its inf. n. وُلُوجٌ, which is of one of the measures of the inf. ns. of intrans. verbs, because the meaning [of وَلَجْتُ البَيْتَ] is وَلَجْتُ فِيهِ: and it is said in the M, that Sb holds the intermediate particle to be dropped: but Mohammad Ibn-Yezeed holds the verb to be trans. without an intermediate particle. MF observes, that Sb's words appear to make ولج a trans. verb, which no one asserts it to be: that if he mean that it has as its complement a noun in the acc. case as an adverbial noun of place, it is like دَخَلْتُ and other intrans. verbs: but if he mean that it governs a simple objective complement, like ضَرَبْتُ زَيْدًا, his opinion is not correct. (TA.) 4 اولج, (S, K,) inf. n. إِيلَاجٌ; (Msb;) and ↓ إِتَّلَجَ, as in the CK and in several MS. copies of the K) or أَتْلَجَ, (as in the L, and all the copies of the K consulted by SM, in this art., and in art. تلج,) in which ت is substituted for و, and this is the correct reading; (TA;) He, or it, caused to enter; introduced; inserted. (S, K.) b2: The expression in the Kur. [xxii. 60; and other chapters,] يُولِجُ اللَّيلَ فِى النَّهَارِ وَيُولِجُ النَّهَارَ فِى اللَّيْلِ signifies He maketh the night, by increasing it, to enter into, [or encroach upon,] the day, and maketh the day, in like manner, to enter into, [or encroach upon,] the night: (Jel:) or He increaseth the night with a part of the day, by taking from the latter and adding to the former, and in like manner increaseth the day with a part of the night. (S.) b3: [اولج is often used for اولج ذكره; and hence as meaning Inivit.]5 تَوَلَّجَ see 1.8 إِوْتَلَجَ see 1 and 4.

رَجُلٌ خُرَجَةٌ وُلَجَهٌ, (S,) and ↓ خَرَّاجٌ وَلَّاجٌ, and ↓ خَرُوجٌ وَلُوجٌ, (TA,) A man frequently going, or coming, out and in. (S, TA.) [This is the primary meaning: for others see art. خرج.]

وَلَجَةٌ A place, (S,) or a cavern, in which passengers shelter themselves from rain &c.: pl. أَوْلَاجٌ and وَلَجٌ, (S, K,) [or rather the latter, which is omitted in the CK, is a coll. gen. n., of which ولجة is the n. un.] or وُلُجٌ. (L.) b2: Also, A bend, or place of bending, of a valley: (IAar:) pl. as above. (K.) وَلُوجٌ and وَلَّاجٌ: see وُلْجَةٌ.

وَلِيجَةٌ Anything that is introduced, or inserted, into a thing, and that does not belong to it: any such thing is termed a وليجة of a thing. (A'Obeyd.) b2: هُوَ وَلِيجَتُهُمْ He is an adherent to them; (K;) one who has entered, or become introduced, or included, among them,] and not belonging to them. (TA.) Pl. وَلَائِجُ. (TA.) b3: وَلِيجَةٌ (assumed tropical:) A particular, or special, intimate, friend, or associate, of a man; syn. خَاصَّةٌ (S, K) and بِطَانَةٌ (S) and دَخِيلَةٌ: (K:) by these syns. A'Obeyd explains it in the Kur. ix. 16: and it is applied to one and to more than one: (TA:) or one whom a person takes to rely upon, or to place confidence in, not being of his family: (K:) and so some explain the word in the verse above referred to: (TA:) or it there signifies an intimate friend who is one of the polytheists. (Fr.) وَالِجَةٌ i. q. دُبَيْلَةٌ, (K,) i. e., A certain disease in the belly. (TA.) A pain that attacks a man; or a pain in a man; وَجَعٌ يَأْخُذُ الإِنْسَانَ, (so in two copies of the S, and in the L,) or وَجَعٌ فِى الإِنْسَانِ: (so in the TA and a MS. copy of the K:) or a pain that attacks the teeth; or a pain in the teeth; وجع يأخذ الأَسْنَانَ, (so in a copy of the S,) or وجع فى الأَسْنَانِ. (So in the CK.) أَوْلَجُ [More, or most, penetrating]: applied to language or discourse. [TA, in art. جمع: see an ex. voce مُجْمَعٌ.]

تَوْلَجٌ The hiding place of a wild beast, (or antelope, TA,) among trees, (S, K,) into which he enters (الَّذِى يَلِج فِيهِ); like دَوْلَجٌ: the ت, says Sb, is substituted for و, and the word is of the measure فَوْعَلٌ; for تَفْعَلٌ is scarcely found in Arabic as the measure of a subst., whereas فَوْعَلٌ is frequent. (S.) مَوْلِجٌ A place of entrance; a place into which one enters: (TA:) pl. مَوَالِجُ. (S.) [See its contr. مَخْرَجٌ.]

مَوْلُوجٌ A man attacked by the disease called وَالِجَة, or دُبَيْلَة. (K, TA.)

وقع

1 وَقَعَ الأَمْرُ The thing, or affair, [fell, befell,] happened; took place; came to pass; became [executed, performed, or] realized; syn. حَصَلَ. (TA.) b2: وَقَعَ فِى He lighted, or came, upon a thing or place; and he became in a place. b3: وَقَعُوا فِى السُّنَيَّاتِ البِيضِ [They lapsed into the years of scantiness of herbage]. (K in art. سنه, q. v.) b4: وَقَعَ إِلَيْهِ It chanced, or happened, to come to him, or it: and, said of a thing borne by water, it drifted to it, namely, a place. b5: وَقَعَ عَلَيْهِ It fell, lay, or closed, upon it, or against it. b6: وَقَعَ بِالأَمْرِ He originated the thing, or event, and made it to befall. (TA.) b7: وَقَعَ He fell into a snare, or the like: he became insnared. b8: وَقَعَ فِى أَرْضٍ فَلَاةٍ

i. q.

صَارَ فِيهَا [He was, or became, meaning he found himself, came to be, or chanced to be, in a desert, or waterless, land]; (Msb:) and فِى رَوْضَةٍ [in a meadow, or garden]: (T, S, in art. انق:) [or he lighted upon, &c.; from the lighting of a bird]. b9: يَقَعُ followed by عَلَى, often signifies It (a garment, &c., or a portion thereof,) lies against or upon a certain part of the body, &c. b10: وَقَعَ بِهِمْ and بِهِمْ ↓ أَوْقَعَ He made much slaughter among them: (Msb:) or he fought them vehemently: (K:) or he fell upon them in fight: (PS:) both mean the same: (S:) he made an onslaught upon them: اوقع بِالعَدُوِّ

he made an assault, or a sudden assault, upon the enemy. (MA.) b11: وَقَعَ فِيهِ, inf. n. وَقِيعَةٌ, He spoke evil of him, behind his back, or in his absence, or otherwise, saying of him what would grieve him if he heard it; (S;) slandered him. b12: He reviled, vilified, or vituperated, him; charged him with a vice, fault, or the like; defamed him; or detracted from his reputation. (Msb.) b13: وَقَعَ مَوْقِعًا مِنْ كِفَايَتِهِ, [and مِنْ حَاجَتِهِ, (see K, art. فقر,)] It supplied, or sufficed for, his need; syn. أَغْنَى غَنَآءً. (Msb.) وَقَعَ مَوْقِعًا signifies It stood in stead, or in some stead: see فَقِيرٌ, in the K; and see Bd, and Jel, ix. 60: and مَوْقِعًا عَظِيمًا, in great stead. b14: لَمْ يَقَعْ مِنْهُ مَوْقِعًا [It did not stand with him in any stead]. (S, K, voce تَسَخَّطَ, end of art. سخط.) [You say]

وَقَعَ مِنْهُ الأَمْرُ مَوْقِعًا حَسَنًا أَوْسَيِّئًا The thing stood with him [in good stead, or (if the expression be allowable) in evil stead]; syn. تَبَتَ لَدَيْهِ. (TA.) b15: وَقَعَ مَوْقِعًا مِنَ الحَاجَةِ [It supplied, or sufficed for, what was needed]. (Bd, ix. 60.) b16: وَقَعْتُ بِقُرِّكَ, and بِقُحَاحِ قُرِّكَ: see قُحَاحٌ. b17: يَقَعُ عَلَى كَذَا It (a word) applies to such a thing.2 وَقَّعَ فِى الكِتَابِ

, (MA, TA,) inf. n. تَوْقِيعٌ, (KL, TA,) [as commonly used in the present day,] He signed the writing [for the purpose of giving effect to it, either beneath, or by endorsing it]: (MA, KL:) [but as generally used in earlier, though post-classical, times,] he annexed to the writing, after it had been finished, for the Sultán or the administrator of affairs, to whom it had been submitted, something [for the purpose of giving effect thereto]; as, for instance, when a complaint is submitted to the Sultán or to the administrator, and one writes beneath the writing or on the back thereof, “Let the affair, or case, of this person be looked into, and let his right, or due, be fully exacted for this person: ” or, accord. to Az, he wrote, upon the writing, a concise abstract, omitting redundances, of the objects of want [petitioned for therein]: from تَوْقِيعُ الدَّبَرِ ظَهْرَ البَعِيرِ [“ the gall's, or sore's, marking the back of the camel ”]; as though the مُوَقِّع upon the writing marked, upon the case respecting which the writing was written, that which confirmed it, and rendered its execution obligatory: (TA:) تَوْقِيعٌ also signifies such a writing itself (مَا يُوَقَّعُ فِى كِتَابٍِ; S, K, TA;) and its pl. is تَوْقِيعَاتٌ: (TA:) it is said to be an Islámic term; not old Arabic. (TA.) [Also He made an entry of a note or postil or the like, or entries of notes, &c., in the writing, or book: see an ex. voce ضِعْف. b2: وقّع بِهِ He blamed him; reproved him angrily, or severely. (TA.) b3: See 4.3 وَاقَعَ الأَمْرَ (assumed tropical:) He threw himself [or plunged] into the affair: he fell into the affair: he fell into the affair, subjecting himself to difficulty. (MA.) And (assumed tropical:) He fell to the thing; such as eating, and drinking, and the like: see 3 in art. فتك, for an instance of this, as well as a similar, meaning. b2: وَاقَعَ الأُمُورَ, inf. n. مُوَاقَعَةٌ and وِقَاعٌ, app., He was near to doing, or experiencing, the affairs, or events; syn. دَانَاهَا. (TA.) b3: وَاقَعَ شَيْئًا also means He experienced the occurrence of a thing; he met with a thing; i. e., something occurred. b4: وَاقَعَ شَيْئًا same as وَقَعَ فى شىءٍ He fell into a thing. (Kur, xviii. 51, and Expos. of the Jeláleyn.) b5: وَاقَعَهَا He compressed her. (MA.) b6: وَاقَعَ بِهِمْ [He engaged with them in fight, or conflict]. (S.) 4 أَوْقَعَ الأَمْرَ

, inf. n. إِيقَاعٌ, (with which ↓ تَوْقِيعٌ is syn., as is shown in the TA,) He made the thing, or affair, to happen, to take place, to come to pass, or to become executed or performed or realized. b2: أَوْقَعَهُ He caused him to fall into a snare, or the like; he ensnared him. b3: أَوْقَعَ بِهِمْ: see 1. b4: أَوْقَعَ فِيهِمْ شَرًّا He caused evil to befall them; occasioned them evil. b5: أَوْقَعَ بِهِ [He punished him]. (A, art. عذر.) b6: See 1. b7: أَوْقَعَ فِى قَلْبِهِ He put into his heart, or mind. b8: أَوْقَعَ بَيْنَ القَوْمِ, (L, art. أرش,) or أَوْقَعَ بَيْنَهُمُ الشَّرَّ (TA, in that art.) i. q. أَرَّشَ. (L, TA, in that art.) b9: أَوْقَعَ He made a verb transitive.5 تَوَقَّعَهُ and ↓ اِسْتَوْقَعَهُ He expected it; looked for its coming to pass, or being. (S, K.) 10 إِسْتَوْقَعَ see 5.

وَقِعٌ

: see 8, in art. حذو.

وَقْعَةٌ An onslaught; a shock in battle: (S:) or such as is repeatedly made. (K.) وَقِيعَةٌ The wisp of wool, &c., with which one tars a mangy camel: see رِبْذَةٌ.

وَقَّاعٌ فِى الشَّرِّ [app., One who is wont to make others fall into evil, or mischief]. (K, voce مُنْدَاصٌ, q. v., in art. ديص.) وَاقِعٌ Actually occurring. b2: An event; a fact; a case. b3: فِى الْوَاقِعِ In fact; in reality.

إِيْقَاعٌ

, in music, A cadence.

مَوْقِعُ إِثْمٍ

An occasion (lit., a place) of falling into sin. b2: [وَقَعَ مَوْقِعًا: see وَقَعَ, in three places: lit., It fell in a place of falling, or where it should fall: sometimes app. meaning it had an effect.] b3: It is said of a half of a date given as alms, لَا يَتَبَيَّنُ لَهُ مَوْقِعٌ عَلَى الجَائِعِ كَمَا لَا يَتَبَيَّنُ عَلَى الشَّبْعَانِ إِذَا أَكَلَهُ [app., There appears not, of it, any effect upon the hungry, &c.]. (O, in art. وقع, in explanation of a trad. mentioned there and in the Msb.) See وَقَعَ مَوَاقِعَهُ, voce عَلِقَ.

مُوقِعٌ An efficient.

مُوَقَّعٌ Tried, experienced: see مُوَقَّحٌ.