غم
1 غَمَّهُ, (
S,
Msb,
K, &c.,)
aor. ـُ (
Msb,)
inf. n. غَمٌّ, (
Msb,
TA,) He covered it, (
S,
Msb,
K,
TA,) veiled it, or concealed it; (
TA;) namely, a thing: (
Msb,
K,
TA:) this is the primary meaning. (
TA.) [Hence,] one says, غُمَّ الهِلَالُ (
S,
Msb,
K,
TA) عَلَى النَّاسِ, (
S,
TA,)
inf. n. غَمٌّ, (
TA,) The new moon was veiled, or concealed, (
S,
Msb,) to the people, (
S,) by clouds, or otherwise, (
S,
Msb,) or was intercepted by thin clouds, (
K,
TA,) or otherwise, (
TA,) so that it was not seen. (
S,
Msb,
TA.) It is said in a
trad., فَإِنْ غُمَّ عَلَيْكُمْ فَأَكْمِلُوا العِدَّةَ, (
Mgh, *
Msb,
TA,) i. e. And if it [the new moon] be veiled, &c., to you, then complete ye the reckoning of Shaabán, thirty [days], in order that the entering upon the fast of Ramadán may be with [inferential] knowledge. (
Msb.)
Az says that غُمَّ and أُغْمِىَ and غُمِىَ all signify the same: (
TA:) and all three occur in the
trad. above mentioned
accord. to different relations thereof. (
Mgh.) [See also 1 in art. غمى.]
b2: And [hence] غَمَّ القَمَرُ النُّجُومَ The moon concealed the stars: or almost concealed the light of the stars. (
TA.)
b3: And غُمَّ عَلَيْهِ الخَبَرُ The information, or narration, was dubious, confused, or vague, to him; such as to be difficult to be understood; or such as not to be understood; (
S,
K;) like أُغْمِىَ: (
S:) or was obscure, or unapparent, to him. (
Msb.)
b4: And غَمَّهُ, (
S,
K,
TA,)
aor. ـُ
inf. n. غَمٌّ, (
TA,) It (i. e. هَمّ [here meaning “ grief,”
see غَمٌّ below,]) covered [or was as though it covered] his heart: (
Har p. 637:) or [
accord. to common acceptation] it, or he, grieved him; or caused him to mourn or lament, or to be sorrowful or sad or unhappy;
syn. أَحْزَنَهُ. (
K, and
Har p. 422. [See also 4.])
b5: غَمَّهُ, in which the pronoun relates to an ass, &c., (
S,
K,
TA,)
aor. ـُ
inf. n. غَمٌّ, (
TA,) means He put [as a covering] to his mouth and his nostrils the ↓ غِمَامَة, (
S,
K,
TA,) which is a thing like the كِعَام [or muzzle], (so in the
S and
CK,) or a thing like the فِدَام [which seems to be here similar in meaning to كعام]: (so in other copies of the
K:) or he put [as a covering] to his mouth a nose-bag, or the like, to prevent his feeding; and this is termed a ↓ غِمَامَة: (
TA:) [the verb that I have rendered “ put to ” in these explanations is أَلْقَمَ, of which I do not find in its proper place any signification that would be exactly apposite in this case:] or ↓ غِمَامَةٌ signifies a sort of bag for the mouth of a camel and the like, (
K,
TA,) his mouth being put into it: (
TA:)
pl. غَمَائِمُ: (
S,
TA:) and one says, غَمَّهُ بِالغِمَامَةِ [he covered his mouth with the غمامة],
aor. and
inf. n. as above. (
TA.)
b6: غَمَّ الشَّىْءَ,
aor. ـُ also signifies عَلَاهُ [
app. as meaning It rose upon, or above, the thing, as though forming a covering over it]: mentioned on the authority of
IAar, who cites [as an
ex.] the saying of En-Nemir Ibn-Towlab, [
app. describing a رَوْضَة, or meadow,] أُنُفٌ يَغُمُّ الضَّالُ نَبْتَ بِحَارِهَا [Not depastured, the trees called ضال rising upon, or above, the herbage of its fertile tracts, or its tracts near to water]. (
TA.) See also 8.
A2: [غَمَّ is also
intrans.: one says,] غَمَّ يَوْمُنَا, (
S,
K,
TA,)
inf. n. غَمٌّ and غُمُومٌ; (
TA;) and ↓ أَغَمَّ; Our day was, or became, [sultry, or] intensely hot, (
S,
K,
TA,) so that it took away, (
S,) or almost took away, (
TA,) the breath: (
S,
TA:) or both verbs, said of a day, and of the sky, mean it brought غَمّ [or distress that affected the breath or respiration], arising from closeness of heat, or clouds. (
Msb.)
A3: غَمَّ الشَّخْصُ, of the class of تَعِبَ, [the first
Pers\. being غَمِمْتُ,]
inf. n. غَمَمٌ, The person's hair of his head flowed down so that his forehead and the back of his neck were narrowed. (
Msb.) [See also غَمَمٌ below.]
3 غَامَمْتُهُ signifies غَمَمْتُهُ وَغَمَّنِى [I grieved him, or caused him to mourn or lament &c., and he grieved me, or caused me to mourn or lament &c.; or I grieved him &c., being grieved &c. by him]. (
K.) 4 اغمّت السَّمَآءُ The sky became clouded: (
K, as indicated by the context:) or
i. q. تَغَيَّرَت [i. e., became altered]: thus in the
S; but some say that it is correctly تَغَيَّمَت [agreeably with the former of the explanations above]. (
TA.) See also 1, near the end.
A2: مَا أَغَمَّكَ لِى and إِلَىَّ is [an expression of wonder, meaning How great grief, or sadness, dost thou occasion to me!] from الغَمُّ signifying الحُزْنُ. (
K,
TA.)
b2: [
Accord. to the
TK, أَغَمَّهُ signifies أَحْزَنَهُ; like غَمَّهُ: but this I think a mistake.
b3: And Freytag explains أَغَمَّ as occurring in the Deewán of the Hudhalees signifying “ Demersit: ” but in which of its senses he uses this word he does not specify.]
6 تغامّ He made a show of غَمّ [or grief, &c.,] without its being in the heart. (
Har p. 126.) 7 ا
نغمّ It (a thing,
K) was, or became, covered, (
S,
K,
TA,) veiled, or concealed. (
TA.)
b2: See also what next follows.
8 اغتمّ He was, or became, grieved, or caused to mourn or lament, or to be sorrowful or sad or unhappy; (
S, *
K;) as also ↓ ا
نغمّ: (
K:) both mentioned by
Sb. (
TA.)
b2: And, said of a plant, or herbage, It was, or became, tall, (
K,
TA,) and tangled, or luxuriant, (
TA,) and abundant: (
K,
TA:) as also اعتمّ. (
TA.) [And in like manner ↓ غَمَّ is
expl. by Freytag as occurring in the Deewán of the Hudhalees, said of a plant, meaning It was tall and luxuriant.]
b3: And, said of a man, He withheld himself from going out, or forth. (
TA.)
R.
Q. 1 غَمْغَمَ, [
inf. n. غَمْغَمَةٌ, He (a bull) uttered a cry, or cries, in fright; as also ↓ تَغَمْغَمَ: see غَمَغْمَةٌ below.
b2: And] He (a courageous man) raised his voice conflict with his antagonist; (
Har p. 531;) [as also ↓ تَغَمْغَمَ: see, again, غَمْغَمَةٌ below.]
b3: And He [a man] spoke while taking a thing into his fauces, so that the hearer, or listener, did not understand what he was saying; (
Har ubi suprà;) [or spoke indistinctly; agreeably with an explanation of غَمْغَمَةٌ below; as also ↓ تَغَمْغَمَ.
b4: And, said of a bow, It produced a sound; agreeably with another explanation of غَمْغَمَةٌ below.]
b5: Also, said of an infant,
inf. n. غَمْغَمَةٌ, He wept over the breast, desiring the milk: [and the
inf. n. is used as a simple
subst., and therefore pluralized:]
IAar cites as an
ex., إِذَا المُرْضِعَاتُ بَعْدَ أَوَّلِ هَجْعَةٍ
↓ سَمِعْتَ عَلَى ثُدِيِّهِنَّ غَمَاغِمَا [When the suckling women, after the first light sleep in the beginning of the night, are in such a condition that thou hearest cryings over their breasts]; meaning, as he says, that the milk of these women is little in quantity, so that the sucking child weeps over the breast when sucking it. (
TA.)
R.
Q. 2 تَغَمْغَمَ: see
R.
Q. 1, in three places: and see its
inf. n. voce غَمْغَمَةٌ, below, in two places.
b2: Said of one drowning (غَرِيق) beneath the water, it signifies He uttered a cry, or cries: or, as is said in the
T, he was pressed upon by the waves above him: a poet uses it of Pharaoh when he was overwhelmed [in the sea]. (
TA.) غَمٌّ [an
inf. n. used as an
epithet in which the quality of a
subst. predominates,] Grief, mourning, lamentation, sorrow, sadness, or unhappiness;
syn. حُزْنٌ; (
Msb,
K;) so called because it covers happiness and forbearance; (
Msb;) or غَمّ in the heart is thus called because it veils, or precludes, happiness: (
Ham p. 21:) [it may therefore be rendered gloominess of mind:] or
i. q. كَرْبٌ, (
K,) which signifies حُزْن, (
K in art. كرب,) or غَمّ, (
S, in that art.,) [that affects the breath or respiration,
lit.] that takes away the breath; (
S and
K in that art.;) as also ↓ غَمَّآءُ (
K) and ↓ غُمَّةٌ, (
S,
K,) the last [
expl. in the
S as
syn. with كُرْبَةٌ, which is
syn. with كَرْبٌ, and] mentioned by
Lh: (
TA:) [see also صَقَعٌ:] it is كَرْب [or grief, &c.,] that befalls the heart because of what has happened; differing from هَمٌّ, which is كرب that befalls because of annoyance, or harm, that is expected to happen: or, as some say, both are one [in meaning]: the differing is asserted by 'Iyád and [many] others: (
TA:) [see also غَصَبٌ:] the
pl. of غَمٌّ is غُمُومٌ. (
S,
K.)
b2: It is also an
inf. n. used as an
epithet in the phrase يَوْمٌ غَمٌّ (
S,
TA) i. e. A day that is [sultry, or] intensely hot, so that it [almost] takes away the breath; and لَيْلَةٌ غَمٌّ [such a night], i. e. ↓ غَامَّةٌ: (
S:) or one says يَوْمٌ غَمٌّ and ↓ غَامٌّ and ↓ مِغَمٌّ, (
K,
TA,) the last with kesr to the م, (
TA,) [in the
CK ↓ مُغِمٌّ,] meaning a day of heat, (
K,) or of intense heat: (
TA:) or a day of غَمّ [i. e. grief, &c.]: and [in a similar sense, as is implied by the context immediately preceding,] لَيْلَةٌ غَمٌّ and غَمَّةٌ and ↓ غَمَّى: (
K:) [but]
A'Obeyd mentions, on the authority of
Az, ↓ لَيْلَةٌ غَمَّى and ↓ لَيْلَةٌ غَمَّةٌ as meaning a night in which there is over the sky [a covering of clouds, or] what is termed غَمْىٌ [a word belonging to art. غمى, being in measure] like رَمْىٌ; (
S;) and [in the like sense] يَوْمٌ غَمٌّ. (So in one of my copies of the
S.)
b3: And one says, كَانَ عَلَى
السَّمَآءِ غم [
app. غَمٌّ, but this, I think, requires confirmation, for which I have searched in vain,] and غمى [
app. ↓ غَمَّى, or perhaps غَمْىٌ, a word mentioned above,] meaning There was over the sky a collection [or an expanse] of thin clouds, or a ضَبَابَة [i. e. mist, or the like], فَحَالَ دُونَ الهِلَالِ [and it intercepted the new moon]: and هٰذِهِ لَيْلَةُ
↓ غَمَّى, and some say ↓ غُمَّى, This is a night [of a covering of clouds, or] of a ضَبَابَة [or mist, or the like], intervening between the new moon and men; so that the new moon is not seen: (
Msb:) and [hence] ↓ صُمْنَا لِلْغَمَّى, and ↓ لِلْغُمَّى, (
S,
Msb,
K,) both mentioned by
ISk on the authority of
Fr, (
S,) and ↓ لِلْغَمَّآءِ, (
S,
K,) and ↓ لِلْغُمِّيَّةِ, (
K,
TA, but omitted in the
CK,) and ↓ لِلْغُمَّةِ, (
TA,) [i. e. We fasted after, or from the time of, the covering of clouds, or the mist, or the like, that concealed the new moon; (the
prep. لِ being here used in the sense of بَعْدَ, or مِنْ وَقْتِ, as in the
Kur xvii. 80;) virtually] meaning [we fasted] without a sight [of the new moon]: (
Msb,
TA:) a rájiz says, طَامِسٍ هِلَالُهَا ↓ لَيْلَةَ غُمَّى
أَوْغَلْتُهَا وَمُكْرَةٌ إِيْغَالُهَا [In a night of a covering of clouds, or of a mist, or the like, having its new moon effaced: I journeyed quickly and far in it, (أَوْغَلْتُهَا) being used,
app. by poetic license, for أَوْغَلْتُ فِيهَا,) and disliked was the journeying so therein]: (
S,
TA:) and it is said that لَيْلَةُ غمّى [i. e. ↓ غَمَّى and ↓ غُمَّى] signifies also the last night of the [lunar] month; being so called because the case thereof is veiled to people so that it is not known whether it be of the coming [month] or of the past. (
TA.) غَمَّةٌ
fem. of غَمٌّ,
q. v., used as an
epithet.
غُمَّةٌ: see غَمٌّ, first sentence:
b2: and also in the latter half.
b3: Also, (assumed
tropical:) Perplexity, and dubiousness, or confusedness:
pl. غُمَمٌ: one says, هُوَ فِى غُمَّةٍ (assumed
tropical:) He is in a state of perplexity, and dubiousness, or confusedness: (
Msb:) and هُوَ فِى غُمَّةٍ مِنْ أَمْرِهِ (assumed
tropical:) He is in a state of perplexity and darkness [in respect of his case or affair]; from الغَمُّ signifying “ the act of covering ” [a thing]. (
Ham p.
320.) [See also غِمَّةٌ and غَمَّآءُ.] And one says أَمْرٌ غُمَّةٌ (assumed
tropical:) A dubious, confused, or vague, case or affair. (
S,
K. *) [See also غُمَّى.] It is said in the
Kur [x. 72], ثُمَّ لَا يَكُنْ أَمْرُكُمْ عَلَيْكُمْ غُمَّةً i. e. (
tropical:) [Then let not your case be to you one of] darkness, and straitness, and anxiety: (
A'Obeyd,
S,
TA:) or, as some say, covered, veiled, or concealed. (
TA.) And أَرْضٌ غُمَّةٌ means (assumed
tropical:) A strait, or narrow, land. (
TA.)
b4: Also The bottom of the interior of a skin for clarified butter (
S,
K) &c. (
S.) [See also the first sentence in art. غمل.]
غِمَّةٌ
i. q. لبسة [
app. لُبْسَةٌ, meaning (assumed
tropical:) Obscureness, confusedness, or dubiousness: see also غُمَّةٌ]. (
TA.) غَمَمٌ is the
inf. n. of 1 in the last of the senses
expl. above: (
Msb:) or it signifies The flowing down of the hair so that the forehead, (
S,
K,
TA,) or as in the
M, the face, (
TA,) and the back of the neck, are narrowed: (
S,
K,
TA:) or the hair that veils, or conceals, the جَبِين [generally meaning the part above the temple, but sometimes it means the forehead,] and the back of the neck. (
Har p. 21.)
Z says that they dislike what is thus termed, and like what is termed نَزَعٌ [i. e. baldness of the two sides of the forehead]. (
TA.) غَمَامٌ Clouds: (
S,
Msb,
K:) or white clouds: (
K:) or thin clouds: (
Jel in ii. 54:) and ↓ غَمَامَةٌ signifies one thereof: (
S,
Msb,
K:) the former being
pl. of the latter, as also is غَمَائِمُ: (
K:) [or rather غَمَامٌ is a
coll. gen. n., of which غَمَامَةٌ is the
n. un.:] they are so called because they veil the sky, or because they veil the light of the sun. (
TA.)
b2: [Hence,] حَبُّ الغَمَامِ signifies Hailstones, or hail. (
TA.) [See an
ex. in a verse cited in art. ان, p. 109.]
غُمَامٌ
i. q. زُكَامٌ [A rheum, such as is termed coryza]. (
K.) غُمُومٌ [a
pl. of which no
sing. is mentioned,] Small stars, such as are faint, or indistinct. (
K.) غَمِيمٌ
i. q. غَمِيسٌ, (
S,
K,) i. e. Fresh herbage (كَلَأٌ) beneath such as is dried up; (
S,
TA;) or green herbage beneath such as is dry. (
TA.)
b2: And Milk heated until it thickens: (
S,
K:) because it becomes covered over. (
TA.) غَمَامَةٌ: see غَمَامٌ.
b2: Also (
tropical:) Herbage: so in the saying, أَحْمَى فُلَانٌ غَمَامَةَ وَادِى كَذَا i. e. (
tropical:) [Such a one made to be prohibited to the public] the herbage that was the growth of such a valley: thus called [because produced by the water of the clouds,] in like manner as it is called سَمَآءٌ. (
TA.) غُمَامَةٌ: see the next paragraph.
غِمَامَةٌ: see 1, near the middle, in three places.
b2: Also A thing with which the eyes of a she-camel are bound, or with which her muzzle is bound: (
K:) or a piece of cloth with which the nose of a she-camel is stopped (يُسَدُّ) [or bound (يُشَدُّ)] when she is made to incline to the young one of another:
pl. غَمَائِمُ. (
A'Obeyd,
TA.) [See also دَرْجَةٌ: and صِقَاعٌ.]
b3: And (by way of comparison [thereto],
TA) (
tropical:) The prepare of a boy; as also ↓ غُمَامَةٌ. (
K,
TA.) غَمَّى: see غَمٌّ, in six places.
b2: Also Dust;
syn. غَبَرَةٌ. (
K.)
b3: And Darkness. (
K.)
b4: and (assumed
tropical:) Hardship, or difficulty, or distress, [as though] covering [or overwhelming] a party in war, or battle. (
K.) See also the next paragraph.
غُمَّى: see غَمٌّ, latter half, in four places.
b2: Also (assumed
tropical:) A calamity, or misfortune; and so ↓ غَمَّآءُ; (
K,
TA;) and ↓ غُمَّآءُ, likewise, is said to be allowable. (
TA. [But this last I think doubtful.]) And (assumed
tropical:) A hard, or difficult, affair or case, in relation to which one knows not the right course to pursue; as also ↓ غَمَّى, (
K,
TA,) and ↓ غَمَّآءُ. (
TA.) غَمَّآءُ [
fem. of أَغَمٌّ,
q. v.:
b2: and also used as a
subst.]: see غَمٌّ, first sentence:
b3: and also in the latter half:
b4: and see also غُمَّى, in two places.
b5: إِنَّهُمْ لَفِى غَمَّآءَ مِنَ الأَمْرِ means [Verily they are in a state of dubiousness, or confusedness, in respect of the case, or affair; or] in a dubious, or confused, case or affair. (
TA.) [See also غُمَّةٌ and غِمَّةٌ.]
غُمَّآءُ: see غُمَّى.
غُمِّيَّةٌ: see غَمٌّ, latter half.
غَامٌّ, and its
fem. غَامَّةٌ: see غَمٌّ, former half.
غَمْغَمَةٌ [mentioned above as an
inf. n. (see
R.
Q. 1), used as a simple
subst.,] signifies The cries [or cry] of bulls [or wild bulls] in fright: (
S,
K,
TA:) and of courageous men in conflict: (
S,
Mgh,
K,
TA:) and so ↓ تَغَمْغُمٌ:
pl. of the former, in both senses, غَمَاغِمُ. (
TA.) See also an
ex. of the
pl. voce غَمْغَمَ.
b2: And Indistinct speech; (
K;) as also ↓ تَغَمْغُمٌ: (
S,
K:) غَمْغَمَةٌ is when one hears the voice but does not distinguish the articulation of the words; and when speech resembles that of the عَجَم. (
T, in
TA,
voce رُتَّةٌ.)
b3: Also The sound of bows. (
TA.) رَجُلٌ أَغَمٌّ, (
S,) and أَغَمُّ الوَجْهِ وَالقَفَا, (
S,
Msb,
K,) A man whose hair flows down so that the face and the back of the neck are narrowed: (
S,
Msb,
K:) and in like manner [the
fem.] غَمَّآءُ is applied to a woman. (
Msb.)
b2: غَمَّآءُ applied to the forelock (نَاصِيَة) of a horse means Excessively abundant in the hair: and such is disliked. (
S.)
b3: And سَحَابٌ أَغَمٌّ means (
tropical:) Clouds in which is no gap, or interstice. (
K,
TA.) مُغِمٌّ and مِغَمٌّ: see غَمٌّ, former half.
b2: أَرْضٌ مُغِمَّةٌ (
K,
TA) and مِغَمَّةٌ (
TA) A land having abundant (
K,
TA) and dense or luxuriant (
TA) herbage. (
K,
TA.) مُغَمِّمٌ, applied to clouds (غَيْم), and to a sea, Abounding with water: (
K:) and in like manner, without ة, to a well (رَكِيَّة), that fills everything, and submerges it: (
IAar,
TA:) and to what is termed حِسْىٌ [
q. v.], (
IAar,
S,
TA,) meaning covering. (
IAar,
TA.) مَغْمُومٌ [
pass. part. n. of غَمَّهُ, i. e. Covered, &c.].
b2: [Applied to unripe dates (
accord. to the
TA to رُطَب, a mistranscription for بُسْر), like مَغْمُولٌ,] Put into a jar, and covered over until they have become ripe. (
TA.)
b3: Applied to a new moon, Veiled, or concealed, by clouds, or otherwise, (
Msb,) or intercepted by thin clouds, (
K,) so as not to be seen. (
Msb.)
b4: Applied to a man, Grieved, or caused to mourn or lament, or to be sorrowful or sad or unhappy. (
TA.)
b5: And Affected with the malady termed غُمَام. (
K.)
