اخر

2 أخّر, (S, K, &c.,) inf. n. تَأْخِيرٌ, (K,) is trans. (S, K, &c.) and intrans.: (K:) as a trans. verb it signifies He made to go back or backwards, to recede, retreat, retire, or retrograde: he put, or drove, back: he put, or placed, behind, or after; back, or backward: he made to be behind, or posterior, or last: he made to remain behind, hold back, hang back, or lag behind: he kept, or held, back: he postponed, put off, procrastinated, deferred, delayed, or retarded: he made backward, or late: contr. of قَدَّمَ. (Msb, TA.) b2: أَخَّرَنِى

إِلَى مُدَّةٍ He granted me a delay, or postponement, to a certain term, or period. (TA in art. اجل.) A2: For its significations as an intrans. verb, see 5, in two places.5 تأخّر is quasi-pass. of the trans. verb أخّر; (S, A, Msb;) i. e. He, or it, went back or backwards, drew back, receded, retreated, retired, or retrograded: became put, or driven, back: became put, or placed, behind, or after: became behind, posterior, or last: he remained behind, or in the rear; held back, hung back, lagged behind, or delayed; was, or became, backward, or late: it was, or became, kept back, postponed, put off, procrastinated, deferred, delayed, or retarded: contr. of تَقَدَّمَ: (TA:) and ↓ استأخَر is syn. therewith; (S, K:) and ↓ أخّر, inf. n. تَأْخِيرٌ, signifies the same, being intrans. as well as trans. (K.) An ex. of the latter occurs in a saying of Mohammad to 'Omar: عَنّىِ ↓ أَخِّرْ Retire thou from me: or the meaning is, أَخِّرْعَنِّى رَأْيَكَ [hold thou back from me thine opinion; or reserve thou thine opinion until after mine shall have been given]. (TA.) You say, تَأَخِّرَ عَنْهُ تَأَخُّرَةً وَاحِدَةً [He went back, &c., from him, or it, once]. (Lh.) and تأخّر عَنِ الشَّىْءِ, or الأَمْرِ, He went back, &c., from the thing, or the affair: he was, or became, behind, behindhand, or backward, with respect to it: he held back, hung back, refrained, or abstained, from it; and عَنْهُ ↓ استأخر signifies the same. (The Lexicons in many places.) فَإِذَا جَآءَ سَاعَةً ↓ أَجَلُهُمْ لَا يَسْتَأْخِرُونَ, in the Kur vii. 32 and other places, means And when their time is come, for punishment, they will not remain behind, or be respited, [any while, or] the shortest time: or they shall not seek to remain behind, by reason of intense terror. (Bd.) 10 إِسْتَاْخَرَ see 5, in three places.

أَخِرٌ [an epithet variously explained]. One says, in reviling, (S, TA,) but not when the object is a female, (TA,) أَبْعَدَ اَللّٰهُ الأَخِرَ, (Th, S, A, &c.,) and ↓ الآخِرَ (M, &c.,) or this latter is wrong, (Meshárik of 'Iyád, Mgh, Msb,) as is also ↓ الآخَرَ, (Meshárik of 'Iyád,) meaning (tropical:) May God alienate, or estrange, from good, or prosperity, or may God curse, him who is absent from us, (A, Msb, TA,) distant, or remote: (A, Msb:) or the outcast; the alienated: (Msb:) or him who is put back, and cast away: so says Sh: or, accord. to ISh, him who is put back, and remote from good: and he adds, I think that ↓ الأَخِير is meant: (L:) or the base fellow : or the most ignoble: or the miserable wretch: (Et-Tedmuree and others:) or the last speaker: (Nawádir of Th:) or الاخر is here a metonymy for the devil: (Lb:) it is a word used [for the reason explained voce أَبْعَدُ] in relating what has been said by one of two persons cursing each other, to the other; (Expositions of the Fs;) and the phrase above mentioned is meant to imply a prayer for those who are present [by its contrasting them with the person to whom it directly applies]. (A.) One also says, لَا مَرْحَبًا بِالْأَخِرِ, [alluding to a particular person,] meaning [May the place, or land, not be ample, or spacious, or roomy,] to the remote from good. (TA.) It is said in a trad. of Mázin, إِنَّ الأَخِرَقَدْ زَنَى

Verily the outcast, (Mgh, Msb,) or he who is remote, and held back, from good,, (Mgh, * TA,) hath committed adultery, or fornication: the speaker meaning himself; (Mgh, Msb;) as though he were an outcast. (Msb.) And in another trad. it is said, المَسْأَلَةُ أَخِرُ كَسْبِ المَرْءِ Begging is the most ignoble [mode of] gain of man: but El-Khattábee relates it with medd, [i. e. ↓ آخِرُ,] explaining it as meaning begging is the last thing whereby man seeks sustenance when unable to gain [by other means]. (TA.) أُخُرٌ The back, hinder, or latter, part: the hindermost, or last, part: contr. of قُدُمٌ. (K.) [See also مُؤَخَّرٌ; from which it appears to be distinguished by its being used only adverbially, or with a preposition: and see آخِرٌ.] You say, شُقَّ ثَوْبُهُ أُخُرًا, and مِنْ أُخُرٍ, (S, K, *) His garment was rent, or slit, in its back, or hinder, part, (S,) or behind. (K.) And تَأَخَّرَ أُخُرًا [He retired backwards]. (A.) And جَآءِ أُخُرًا: see آخِرٌ, in two places.

أُخْرَةً and بِأُخْرَةٍ: see آخِرً.

أَخَرَةً and بِأَخَرَةٍ: see آخِرٌ, in five places.

بِعْتُهُ بِأَخِرَةٍ I sold it (namely the article of merchandise, TA) with postponement of the payment; upon credit; for payment to be made at a future period; syn. بِــنَظِرةٍ; (S, A, K;) i. e. بِنَسِئَةٍ. (S.) أُخَرَةً and بِأُخَرَةٍ: see آخِرٌ.

أُخْرَاةٌ: see آخَرُ, of which it is the fem.: and see also آخِرٌ.

أُخْرَاةٌ another fem. of آخَرُ. (K.) أُخْرِيَّا and إِخْرِيَّا and إِخِرِيَّا: see آخِرٌ.

أُخْرَوِىٌّ and أُخْرَاوِىُّ Relating to the other state of existence, or the world to come.]

أَخِيرٌ and أَخِيرًا: see آخِرٌ, in five places. See also أَخِرٌ.

أُخَيْرَى dim. of أُخْرَى, fem. of آخَرُ, q. v. (S.) آخَرُ a subst., of the measure أَفْعَلُ, but implying the meaning of an epithet, (S,) from أَخَّرَ in the sense of تَأَخَّرَ, (TA,) Another; the other; a thing [or person] other than the former or first; (L;) i. q. غَيْرٌ; (K;) as in the phrases, رَجُلٌ آخَرُ another man, and ثَوْبٌ آخَرُ another garment or piece of cloth: (TA:) or one of two things [or persons]; (S, Sgh, Msb;) as when you say, جَآءَ القَوْمُ فَوَاحِدٌ يَفْعَلُ كَذَا وَآخَرُ كَذَا The people came, and one was doing thus, and one [i. e. another] thus: (Sgh, Msb:) originally meaning more backward: (TA:) fem. ↓ أُخْرَى (S, Msb, K) and ↓ أُخْرَاةٌ; (K) which latter is not well known: (MF:) pl. masc. آخَرُونَ and أُخَرُ; (S, K;) [the latter irreg. as such;] and, applied to irrational things, أَوَاخِرُ, like as أَفَاضِلُ is pl. of أَفْضَلُ: (Msb:) and pl. fem. إُخْرَيَاتٌ and إُخَرُ; (S, Msb, K;) which latter is imperfectly decl.; for an epithet of the measure أَفْعَلُ which is accompanied by مِنْ has no [dual nor] pl. nor fem. as long as it is indeterminate; but when it has the article ال prefixed to it, or is itself prefixed to another noun which it governs in the gen. case, it has a dual and a pl. and a fem.; but it is not so with آخَرُ; for it has a fem. [and dual] and pl. without مِنْ and without the article ال and without its being prefixed to another noun: you say, مَرَرْتُ بِرَخُلٍ آخَرَ, and بِرِجَالٍ أُخَرَ and آخَرِينَ, and بِاٌمْرَأَةٍ, and بِنِسْوَةٍ [I passed by another man, and by other men, and by another woman, and by other women;] therefore, as it [namely إُخَرُ] is thus made to deviate from its original form, [i. e. آخَرُ, (I' Ak p. 287,) which is of a class of words used, when indeterminate, alike as sing. and dual and pl.,] and is [essentially and originally] an epithet, it is imperfectly decl., though a pl.: but when you name thereby a man, it is perfectly decl., when inderminate, accord. to Akh, or imperfectly decl. accord. to Sb. (S, L.) The dim. of آخَرُ is ↓ أُوَيْخِرُ; the ا with the ء suppressed following the same rule as the ا in ضَارِبٌ: (TA:) and the dim. of إُخْرَى is ↓ أُخَيْرَى. (S.) See also الأُخْرَى voce آخِرٌ. b2: لَا أَفْعَلُهُ أُخْرَى

اللَّيَالِى, (S, K,) or اخرى المَنُونِ, (K,) means I will not do it ever: (S, K:) or the latter, I will not do it to the end of time. (S.) And أُخْرَى

القَوْمِ, The last of the people. (S, K.) One says, جَآءَ فِى أُخْرَى القَوْمِ He came among the last of the people. (TA.) And جَآءِ فِى أُخْرَيَاتِ النَّاسِ He came among those who were the last of the people. (S, A, K.) [See also آخِرٌ.] b3: In أَبْعَدَ اللّٰهُ الآخَرَ, the last word is a mistake for الأَخِرَ q. v. (Meshárik of 'Iyád.) آخِرٌ, (S, Msb, K,) an epithet, of the measure فَاعِلٌ, (S,) and ↓ أَخِيرٌ, (S, Msb,) The last; aftermost; hindmost: and the latter; after; hinder: and [as a subst.] the end: contr. of أَوَّلُ: [or of أَوَّلٌ when used as a subst.:] (A, Msb, K:) or of مُتَقَدِّمٌ: (Lth, Msb:) or what is after the first or former: (S:) fem. of the former آخِرَةٌ: (S, Msb, K:) pl. [masc.] آخِرُونَ (Kur xxvi. 84, &c.,) and (masc. and fem., Msb) أَوَاخِرُ (S, Msb) and fem.

آخِرَاتٌ also: (Th:) and ↓ مَآخِيرُ is syn. with أَوَاخِرُ; as in مَآخِيرُاللَّيْلِ [occurring in the S and K in art. جهم, meaning The last, or latter, parts, or portions, of the night]. (TK in art. جهم.) You say, جَآءِ آخِرًا and ↓ أَخِيرًا and ↓ أُخُرًا and ↓ بِأَخَرَةٍ, all meaning the same [He came lastly, or latterly]: and in like manner, ↓ مَا عَرَفْتُهُ إِلَّا أَخِيرًا and ↓ الّا بِأَخَرَةٍ [I did not know it save at the last, or lastly, or latterly]: (S:) or ↓ جَآءِ أَخِيرًا and ↓ أُخُرًا and ↓ أَخْرَةٌ and ↓ بِأُخْرَةٍ and ↓ أُخَرَةٍ and ↓ بِأُخَرَةٍ (K,) or ↓ أُخْرَةٌ and ↓ بِأُخْرَةٍ (Lh, L,) and بِآخِرَةٍ (TA) and ↓ إِخْرِيَّا and ↓ أُخْرِيَّا and ↓ إِخِرِيَّا and ↓ آخِرِيَّا (K) mean he came lastly of everything. (K.) It is said in a trad., respecting Mohammad, إِذَا أَرَادَ أَنْ يَقُومَ مِنَ المَجْلِسِ ↓ كَانَ يَقُولُ بِأَخَرَةٍ

كَذَا وَكَذَا He used to say, at the end of his sitting, when he desired to rise from the place of assembly, thus and thus: or, accord. to IAth, it may mean, in the last, or latter, part of his life. (TA.) and you say, أَتَيْتُكَ آخِرَ مَرَّتَيْنِ and آخِرَ مَرَّتَيْنِ (IAar, M, K. *) And لَا أُكَلِّمُهُ آخِرَ الدَّهْرِ I will not speak to him [to the end of time, or] ever. (A.) [See a similar phrase above, voce آخَرُ.] and جَاؤُوا عَنْ آخِرِهِمْ [They came with the last of them; عن being here syn. with بِ; meaning they came all, without exception]. (A.) [and كَانَ ذلِكَ فِى آخِرِ الشَّهْرِ, and السَّنَةِ; and فى أَوَاخِرِ هِمَا, That was in the end of the month, and of the year; and in the last days thereof.] and النَّهَارُ يَجُرٌ عَنْ آخِرٍ فَآخِرٍ[The day lengthens] hour by hour. (A.) See also أَخِرٌ, last sentence. b2: الآخِرُ is a name of God, signifying [The last; or] He who remaineth after all his creatures, both vocal and mute, have perished. (Nh.) b3: الآخِرَانِ The two hinder dugs of the she-camel; opposed to the قَادِمَانِ; (TA;) the two dugs that are next the thighs. (K.) b4: الآخِرَةٌ, (K,) for الدّارُ الآخِرَةُ, (Bd in ii. 3,) [and الحَيَاةُ الآخِرَةُ,] and ↓ الأُخْرَى, (K,) [The latter, ultimate, or last, and the other, dwelling, or abode, and life; i. e. the latter, ultimate, or last, and the other, world; the world, or life, to come; and the ultimate state of existence, in the world to come;] the dwelling, or abode, [and life,] of everlasting duration: (K:) [each] an epithet in which the quality of a subst. predominates. (Z, and Bd ubi suprà.) [Opposed to الدُّنْيَا. And آخِرَةٌ also signifies The enjoyments, blessings, or good, of the ultimate state; of the other world; or of the world, or life, to come: in which sense likewise it is opposed to دُنْيَا: (see an ex. of both voce بَاعَ, in art. بيع: so too ↓ أُخْرَى.)]

b5: آخِرَةُ الرَّحْلِ, (S, Msb, K,) and السَّرْجِ, (Msb,) and آخِرُهُ, (S in art. قدم, and K,) and ↓ مُؤْخِرَتُهُ, (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) which is a rare form, or, accord. to Yaakoob, not allowable, (S,) and ↓ مُؤخِرُهُ, and مُؤَخَّرَتُهُ, and ↓ مُؤَخَّرُهُ, (S in art. قدم, and K,) and ↓ مُؤَخِّرَتُهُ, (Msb, K,) or this is a mistake, (Mgh, Msb,) and ↓ مُؤَخِّرُهُ, (K,) but the first of all is the most chaste, (Msb,) The thing, (S,) or piece of wood, (Msb,) of the camel's saddle, (S, Msb,) and of the horse's, (Msb,) against which the rider leans [his back]; (S, Msb;) the contr. of its قَادِمَة [by which term قادمة is meant the وَاسِط]: (K:) the واسط of the camel's saddle is the tall fore part which is next to the breast of the rider; and its آخرة is its hinder part; (Az, L;) i. e. its broad piece of wood, (Mgh,) or its tall and broad piece of wood, (Az, L,) which is against, or opposite to, (تُحَاذِى,) the head [and back] of the rider: (Az, Mgh, L:) [for] the آخرة and the واسط are the شَرْخَانِ, between which the rider sits: this is the description given by En-Nadr [ISh]; and all of it is correct: there is no doubt respecting it: (Az, L:) the pl. of آخرة is is أَوَاخِرُ. (Msb.) ↓ آخِرَةُ العَيْنِ: see مُؤْخِرُالعَيْنِ.

↓ آخِرٌ and ↓ أَخِيرٌ [accord. to some] also signify Absent. (K.) But see أَخِرٌ, second sentence.

آخِرِيَّا: see آخِرٌ.

أُوَيْخِرُ dim. of آخَرُ, q. v. (TA.) مُؤْخِرُ العَيْنِ, (T, S, A, Mgh, Msb, K, [in the CK مُؤَخَّرها,]) said by AO, (Msb,) or A 'Obeyd, (TA,) to be better without teshdeed, from which observation it is to be understood that teshdeed in this case is allowable, though rare, but Az disallows it, (Msb, TA,) and مُؤْخِرَتُهَا, and ↓ آخِرَتُهَا, (K,) [The outer angle of the eye;] the part of the eye next the temple; (S, A, Mgh, Msb;) the part next the لَحَاظ: (K:) opposed to its مُقْدِم, which is the extremity thereof next the nose: (S, Mgh, Msb:) pl. مَآخِرُ. (Mgh.) You say, إَلَيَّ بِمُؤْخِرِ [He looked at, or towards, me from (lit. with) the outer angle of his eye]. (S.) b2: مُؤْخِرُ الرَّحْلِ, and مُؤْخِرَتُهُ: see آخِرٌ.

مُؤَخَّرٌ The back, hinder, or latter, part of anything: its hindermost, or last, part: contr. of مُقَدَّمٌ: as in the phrase, ضَرَبَ مُؤَخَّرَ رَأْسِهِ [He struck the back, or hinder part, of his head]. (S, Msb.) [See also أُخُرٌ and آخِرٌ.] b2: مُؤَخَّرُالرَّحْلِ, and مُؤَخَّرَتُهُ: see آخِرٌ.

المُؤَخِّرُ a name of God, [The Postponer, or Delayer;] He who postpones, or delays, things, and puts them in their places: [or He who puts, or keeps, back, or backward: or He who degrades:] contr. of المُقَدِّمُ. (TA.) b2: مُؤَخِّرُ الَّرحْلِ, and مُؤَخِّرَتُهُ: see آخِرٌ.

نَخْلَةٌ مِئْخَارٌ A palm-tree of which the fruit remains until the end of winter: (AHn, K:) and until the end of the time of cutting off the fruit of palm-trees: (S, M, K:) contr. of مِبْكَارٌ and بَكُورٌ: pl. مَآخِيرُ. (A.) مَآخِيرُ [reg. pl. of مِئْخَارٌ]: see آخِرُ, first sentence.

مُتَأَخِّرٌ: see its verb. ↓ [An author, or other person, of the later, or more modern, times.]

المُسْأْخِرِينَ in the Kur xv. 24 is said by Th to mean Those who come to the mosque after others, or late: (TA:) or it means those who are later in birth and death: or those who have not yet come forth from the loins of men: or those who are late, or backward, in adopting the Muslim religion and in fighting against unbelievers and in obedience. (Bd.)

نَجْدٌ:
بفتح أوله، وسكون ثانيه، قال النضر:
النجد قفاف الأرض وصلابها وما غلظ منها وأشرف، والجماعة النجاد، ولا يكون إلا قفّا أو صلابة من
الأرض في ارتفاع من الجبل معترضا بين يديك يردّ طرفك عما وراءه، يقال: اعل هاتيك النجاد وهذاك النجاد بوجه، وقال: ليس بالتشديد الارتفاع، وقال الأصمعي: هي نجود عدّة، منها: نجد برق واد باليمامة ونجد خال ونجد عفر ونجد كبكب ونجد مريع، ويقال: فلان من أهل نجد، وفي لغة هذيل والحجاز: من أهل النّجد، قال أبو ذؤيب:
في عانة بجنوب السّيّ مشربها ... غور ومصدرها عن مائها نجد
قال: وكل ما ارتفع عن تهامة فهو نجد، فهي ترعى بنجد وتشرب بتهامة، وقال الأصمعي: سمعت الأعراب تقول: إذا خلّفت عجلزا مصعدا فقد أنجدت، وعجلز فوق القريتين، قال: وما ارتفع عن بطن الرمّة، والرمة واد معلوم ذكر في موضعه، فهو نجد إلى ثنايا ذات عرق، قال: وسمعت الباهلي يقول: كل ما وراء الخندق الذي خندقه كسرى، وقد ذكر في موضعه، فهو نجد إلى أن تميل إلى الحرّة فإذا ملت إليها فأنت بالحجاز، وقيل: نجد إذا جاوزت عذيبا إلى أن تجاوز فيد وما يليها، وقيل: نجد هو اسم للأرض العريضة التي أعلاها تهامة واليمن وأسفلها العراق والشام، قال السكري:
حد نجد ذات عرق من ناحية الحجاز كما تدور الجبال معها إلى جبال المدينة، وما وراء ذات عرق من الجبال إلى تهامة فهو حجاز كله، فإذا انقطعت الجبال من نحو تهامة فما وراءها إلى البحر فهو الغور، والغور وتهامة واحد، ويقال إن نجدا كلها من عمل اليمامة، وقال عمارة بن عقيل: ما سال من ذات عرق مقبلا فهو نجد إلى أن يقطعه العراق، وحدّ نجد أسافل الحجاز وهودج وغيره، وما سال من ذات عرق موليا إلى المغرب فهو الحجاز إلى أن يقطعه تهامة، وحجاز يحجز أي يقطع بين تهامة وبين نجد، والذي قرأته في كتاب جزيرة العرب الذي رواه ابن دريد عن عبد الرحمن عن عمه: وما ارتفع عن بطن الرمّة يخفّف ويثقّل فهو نجد، والرمة فضاء يدفع فيه أودية كثيرة، وتقول العرب عن لسان الرمة:
كلّ بنيّ فإنه يحسيني ... إلا الجريب فإنه يرويني
والجريب: واد عظيم يصبّ في الرمة، قال: وكان موضع مملكة حجر الكندي بنجد ما بين طميّة وهي هضبة بنجد إلى حمى ضريّة إلى دارة جلجل من العقيق إلى بطن نخلة الشامية إلى حزنة إلى اللقط إلى أفيح إلى عماية إلى عمايتين إلى بطن الجريب إلى ملحوب إلى مليحيب، فما ارتفع من بطن الرمة فهو نجد إلى ثنايا ذات عرق، وعرق هو الجبل المشرف على ذات عرق، وقال العتبي: حدثنا الرياشي عن الأصمعي قال: العرب تقول إذا خلّفت عجلزا مصعدا حتى تنحدر إلى ثنايا ذات عرق فإذا فعلت ذلك فقد أتهمت إلى البحر، وإذا عرضت لك الحرار وأنت تنجد فتلك الحجاز، تقول: احتجزنا الحجاز، فإذا تصوّبت من ثنايا العرج فقد استقبلت الأراك والمرج وشجر تهامة، فإذا تجاوزت بلاد فزارة فأنت بالجناب إلى أرض كلب، ولم يذكر الشعراء موضعا أكثر مما ذكروا نجدا وتشوّقوا إليها من الأعراب المتضمّرة، وسأورد منه ههنا بعض ما يحضرني، قال أعرابيّ:
أكرّر طرفي نحو نجد وإنني ... إليه، وإن لم يدرك الطرف، أنظر
حنينا إلى أرض كأنّ ترابها ... إذا مطرت عود ومسك وعنبر
بلاد كأنّ الأقحوان بروضة ... ونور الأقاحي وشي برد محبّر
أحنّ إلى أرض الحجاز وحاجتي ... خيام بنجد دونها الطرف يقصر
وما نظري من نحو نجد بنافعي، ... أجل لا، ولكني إلى ذاك أنظر
أفي كل يوم نظرة ثم عبرة ... لعينيك مجرى مائها يتحدّر
متى يستريح القلب إمّا مجاور ... بحرب وإمّا نازح يتذكّر
وقال أعرابيّ آخر:
فيا حبّذا نجد وطيب ترابه ... إذا هضبته بالعشيّ هواضبه
وريح صبا نجد إذا ما تنسّمت ... ضحى أو سرت جنح الظلام جنائبه
بأجرع ممراع كأنّ رياحه ... سحاب من الكافور، والمسك شائبه
وأشهد لا أنساه ما عشت ساعة، ... وما انجاب ليل عن نهار يعاقبه
ولا زال هذا القلب مسكن لوعة ... بذكراه حتى يترك الماء شاربه
وقال أعرابيّ آخر:
خليليّ هل بالشام عين حزينة ... تبكّي على نجد لعلّي أعينها
وهل بائع نفسا بنفس أو الأسى ... إليها فأجلاها بذاك حنينها
وأسلمها الباكون إلا حمامة ... مطوّقة قد بان عنها قرينها
تجاوبها أخرى على خيزرانة ... يكاد يدنّيها من الأرض لينها
نظرت بعيني مؤنسين فلم أكد ... أرى من سهيل نظرة أستبينها
فكذّبت نفسي ثم راجعت نظرةــ، ... فهيّج لي شوقا لنجد يقينها
وقال أعرابيّ آخر:
سقى الله نجدا من ربيع وصيّف، ... وماذا ترجّي من ربيع سقى نجدا؟
بلى إنه قد كان للعيس مرّة ... وركنا، وللبيضاء منزلة حمدا
وقال اعرابيّ آخر:
ومن فرط إشفاقي عليك يسرّني ... سلوّك عني خوف أن تجدي وجدي
وأشفق من طيف الخيال، إذا سرى، ... مخافة أن يدري به ساكنو نجد
وأرضى بأن تفديك نفسي من الرّدى، ... ولكنني أخشى بكاءك من بعدي
مذاهب شتّى للمحبين في الهوى، ... ولي مذهب فيهم أقول به وحدي
وقال أعرابيّ آخر:
ألا حبّذا نجد وطيب ترابه، ... وغلظة دنيا أهل نجد ودينها!
نظرت بأعلى الجلهتين فلم أكد ... أرى من سهيل لمحة أستبينها
وقال أعرابيّ آخر:
رأيت بروقا داعيات إلى الهوى، ... فبشّرت نفسي أن نجدا أشيمها
إذا ذكر الأوطان عندي ذكرته، ... وبشّرت نفسي أن نجدا أقيمها
ألا حبّذا نجد ومجرى جنوبه ... إذا طاب من برد العشيّ نسيمها!
أجدّك لا ينسيك نجدا وأهله ... عياطل دنيا قد تولّى نعيمها
وقال اعرابيّ آخر:
ألا أيها البرق الذي بات يرتقي ... ويجلو ذرى الظلماء ذكّرتني نجدا
ألم تر أنّ الليل يقصر طوله ... بنجد وتزداد الرياح به بردا؟
وقال أعرابيّ من بني طهيّة:
سمعت رحيل القافلين فشاقني، ... فقلت اقرؤوا مني السلام على دعد
أحنّ إلى نجد وإني لآيس ... طوال الليالي من قفول إلى نجد
تعزّ فلا نجد ولا دعد فاعترف ... بهجر إلى يوم القيامة والوعد
وقال نوح بن جرير بن الخطفى:
ألا قد أرى أنّ المنايا تصيبني، ... فما لي عنهنّ انصراف ولا بدّ
أذا العرش لا تجعل ببغداد ميتتي، ... ولكن بنجد، حبّذا بلدا نجد!
بلاد نات عنها البراغيث، والتقى ... بها العين والآرام والعفر والرّبد
وقال اعرابيّ آخر:
ألا هل لمحزون ببغداد نازح ... إذا ما بكى جهد البكاء مجيب؟
كأني ببغداد، وإن كنت آمنا، ... طريد دم نائي المحلّ غريب
فيا لائمي في حبّ نجد وأهله، ... أصابك بالأمر المهمّ مصيب
وقال أعرابيّ آخر:
تبدّلت من نجد وممن يحلّه ... محلة جند، ما الأعاريب والجند؟
وأصبحت في أرض البنود وقد أرى ... زمانا بأرض لا يقال لها بند
البنود: بأرض الروم كالأجناد بأرض الشام والكور بالعراق والطساسيج لأهل الأهواز والرساتيق لأهل الجبال والمخاليف لأهل اليمن، وقال أعرابيّ آخر:
لعمريّ لمكّاء يغنّي بقفرة ... بعلياء من نجد علا ثم شرّقا
أحبّ إلينا من هديل حمامة، ... ومن صوت ديك هاجه الليل أبلقا
وقال عبد الرحمن بن دارة:
خليليّ إن حانت بحمص منيّتي ... فلا تدفناني وارفعاني إلى نجد
وأدخل على عبد الملك بن مروان عشرة من الخوارج فأمر بضرب رقابهم وكان يوم غيم ومطر ورعد وبرق، فضربت رقاب تسعة منهم وقدم العاشر ليضرب عنقه فبرقت برقة فأنشأ يقول:
تألّق البرق نجديّا فقلت له: ... يا ايها البرق إني عنك مشغول
بذلّة العقل حيران بمعتكف ... في كفه كحباب الماء مسلول
فقال له عبد الملك: ما أحسبك إلا وقد حننت إلى وطنك وأهلك وقد كنت عاشقا؟ قال: نعم يا أمير المؤمنين، قال: لو سبق شعرك قتل أصحابك لوهبناهم لك، خلّوا سبيله، فخلوه، وقدم بعض أهل هجر إلى بغداد فاستوبأها فقال:
أرى الريف يدنو كلّ يوم وليلة، ... وأزداد من نجد وصاحبه بعدا
ألا إن بغدادا بلاد بغيضة ... إليّ، وإن كانت معيشتها رغدا
بلاد تهبّ الريح فيها مريضة، ... وتزداد خبثا حين تمطر أو تندى

عرقب

Q. 1 عَرْقَبَ الدَّابَّةَ He hocked, houghed, hamstrung, or cut the hock-tendon of, the beast. (S, A, O, K, *) b2: And عَرْقَبَهُ He raised his hocks, (namely, a camel's, O,) in order that he might stand up: (O, K:) he assisted him (i. e. a camel) to stand up, by raising [his hocks]. (TA.) Thus the verb has two contr. meanings. (K.) b3: and عَرْقَبَ (assumed tropical:) He practised artifice, craft, or cunning. (O, K.) One says, إِذَا أَعْيَاكَ غَرِيمُكَ فَعَرْقِبْ (assumed tropical:) [When thy debtor wearies thee,] practise artifice, &c. (AA, O, TA.) Q. 2 تَعَرْقَبَ He mounted a beast from behind. (O, TA.) b2: And (assumed tropical:) He took his course along the narrow roads, or ways, of the mountain, which are called عَرَاقِيب. (S, O, K.) b3: And تعرقب لِخَصْمِهِ (assumed tropical:) He pursued a way hidden from his adversary: said when one adopts another and easier course of speech. (TA.) b4: And تعرقب عَنِ الأَمْرِ (assumed tropical:) He turned away, or declined, from the affair. (K.) b5: إِذَا مَطَلَ تَعَقْرَبَ وَإِذَا وَعَدَ تَعَرْقَبَ (assumed tropical:) [When he puts off the fulfilment of his promise, he acts like 'Akrab (a man notorious for putting off the fulfilment of his promises); and when he promises, he acts like 'Orkoob] (A, TA) is a prov. (TA. [See the following paragraph, last sentence but one.]) عُرْقُوبٌ [The tendo Achillis, or heel-tendon;] a certain tense, (T, A, Mgh, Msb,) or thick, (K,) or thick and tense, (S, O,) tendon, (T, S, A, Mgh, O, Msb, K,) behind the two ankle-bones, (T, A, Mgh, Msb,) above the heel; (S, O, K;) the thing that conjoins the shank and the foot; (As, TA;) in a human being: (S, O, K:) pl. عَرَاقِيبُ. (TA, &c.) The saying of the Prophet, وَيْلٌ لِلْعَرَاقِيبِ مِنَ النَّارِ [Woe to the heel-tendons from the fire of Hell] means, to him who neglects the washing of them (Mgh, Msb) in the [ablution termed] وُضُوْء. (Msb.) b2: [In a beast, it is in some instances applied to The hock, or hough; i. e.] the عُرْقُوب of a beast is that which, in its hind leg, corresponds to the رَكْبَة [or knee] in its fore leg: (S, O, K:) [in other instances, it is applied to the tendon of the hock, or hough; i. e., to the hamstring; for, as] As says, in every quadruped, the عُرْقُوبَانِ are in the hind legs, and the رُكْبَتَانِ in the fore legs; (S, O, TA;) and the عُرْقُوب of the horse is the tendon that conjoins the part wherein meet the وَظِيف [here meaning the metatarsus] and the سَاق [here meaning the tibia]: (TA: [he says “ of the horse,” instead of using a more comprehensive term, app. because he is describing that animal:]) it is, in a quadruped, the tendon that [corresponds to that which in a human being] is behind the two ankle-bones, between the joint of the foot and the shank: in a human being it is a little above the heel. (TA, from an explanation of a trad. [This last explanation evidently employs terms according to their applications in the comparative anatomy of quadrupeds and human beings, and therefore requires the words which I have supplied. That عُرْقُوبٌ, in relation to a beast, signifies the hocktendon is well known: and that it also signifies the hock itself is shown by a usage of the verb عَرْقَبَ (for it is by raising the hocks that a man assists a camel to stand up), and by an explanation voce رُكْبَةٌ.]) شَرٌّ مَا أَجَآءَكَ إِلَى مُخَّةِ عُرْقُوبٍ [It is an evil thing that has compelled thee to have recourse to the marrow of a hock] (K, TA) is a prov. (TA) applied to him who seeks to obtain a thing from a mean, or sordid, person; (K, TA;) for the عرقوب has no marrow. (TA.) And one says, فُلَانٌ يَضْرِبُ العَرَاقِيبَ ويَقْرَعُ الظَّنَابِيبَ [Such a one smites the hock-tendons of camels to slaughter them, and strikes the shins of camels to make them lie down that he may mount them in haste]; meaning that he entertains guests and gives aid, or succour. (A.) b3: عُرْقُوبُ الأَسَدِ is a name of The Thirteenth Mansion of the Moon. (Kzw: see العَوَّآءُ, in art. عو.) b4: طَيْرُ عُرْقُوبٍ is an appellation given to Any bird from which one augurs evil to camels, because it wounds them in the hocks or hock-tendons (يُعَرْقِبُهَا). (Meyd, TA.) The Arabs say that when the bird called أَخْيَل [q. v.] lights upon a camel, its hocks, or hock-tendons, will assuredly be laid bare: and accord. to the [O and] K, طَيْرُ العَرَاقِيبِ is an appellation of The [bird called] شِقِرَّاق [which is said in the S &c. to be the same as the أَخْيَل]; and [Sgh and SM add that] they regard it as of evil omen. (TA.) b5: عُرْقُوبُ القَطَا means The سَاق [or shank] of the قطا [or sand-grouse]. (S, O, K.) To this a thing is hyperbolically likened to denote its shortness: one says يَوْمٌ أَقْصَرُ مِنْ عُرْقُوبِ القَطَا [A day shorter than the shank of the katà]: (L, TA:) and a poet says, (S, &c.,) namely, El-Find Ez-Zimmánee, (O, L, TA,) or, accord. to Seer, Imra-el- Keys Ibn-'Ábis, (IB, L, TA,) وَنَبْلِى وَفُقَاهَا كَعَرَاقِيبِ قَطًا طُحْلِ [And my arrows, with their notches, like the shanks of ash-coloured sand-grouse]. (S, O, L, TA.) b6: عُرْقُوبٌ also signifies (assumed tropical:) A turning, or bending, part of a valley: (K:) or a part of a valley in which is a great turning or bending. (S, O.) And A road in a mountain: (K:) or a narrow road in a mountain: or a road in a deep valley, in which only one can walk. (TA.) And [the pl.] عَرَاقِيبُ, (tropical:) The prominences, or projecting parts, of mountains: (O, K, TA:) and the most distant, or far-extending, roads, or ways, thereof: (Aboo-Kheyreh, O, TA:) for [in travelling mountains,] you follow the most easy way, wherever it be: (Aboo-Kheyreh, TA:) or the narrow roads or ways, in the hard and elevated parts, of moun-tains. (S, O, K.) And [hence, app.,] عَرَاقِيبُ الأُمُورِ (assumed tropical:) Great and difficult affairs: (S, O, K:) as also عَرَاقِيلُهَا. (S, O.) b7: And A mountain always crowned with clouds, not rained upon. (TA.) b8: Also (assumed tropical:) Artifice, craft, or cunning; or a stratagem, or trick. (O, K. [See Q. 1, last signification.]) b9: And (assumed tropical:) Knowledge (عِرْفَان) of an argument, a plea, an allegation, or a proof. (O, K.) A2: Also the name of a certain man of the Amalekites, (S, O, K, TA,) or, (so says Ibn-El-Kelbee, O,) of the Benoo-Abd-Shems-Ibn-Saad, (JM, O, TA,) but this is said to be of no authority, (O,) or of El-Ows, (JM, TA,) the greatest liar of his time, (K,) proverbial for breach of promises: (S, O:) El-Ashja'ee (whose name was Jubeyhà, O, K) says, وَعَدْتَ وَكَانَ الخُلْفُ مِنْكَ سَجِيَّةً

مَوَاعِيدَ عُرْقُوبٍ أَخَاهُ بِيَتْرَبِ (S, O, K, TA) i. e. (tropical:) Thou promisedst, but breach of promise was an inherent quality of thee, like the promises of 'Orkoob to his brother in Yetreb; which is in El-Yemámeh; or, as some relate it, بِيَثْرِب, i. e. El-Medeeneh, or, as some say, the land of the Benoo-Saad; but the former is the more correct. (TA. [See also Har p. 160.]) And one says, هُوَ أَكْذَبُ مِنْ عُرْقُوبِ يَتْرَبَ (tropical:) [He is more mendacious than 'Orkoob of Yetreb]. (A, TA.)