قدح

1 قَدَحَ الدُّودُ, (S, A,) [aor. ـَ inf. n. قَدْحٌ, (Lth, S, Mgh,) The worm, or worms, effected a cankering, or corrosion, (Lth, S, A, Mgh,) فِى

الشَّجَرِ, [in the trees], (Lth, S, Mgh,) or فِى العُودِ [in the wood], (A,) and فِى الأَسْنَانِ [in the teeth]. (Lth, S, A, Mgh.) And قُدِحَ and قُدِحَ فِيهِ, inf. n. as above, It (the tree, and the tooth,) became cankered, or corroded. (L.) b2: [Hence,] قَدَحَ فِيهِ, (Msb, K,) or فِى عِرْضِهِ, and فِى سَاقِهِ, (A,) aor. ـَ (Msb, K,) inf. n. as above, (Msb,) from the incidency of the قَوَادِح [or canker-worms] in the سَاق [or stem] of the tree, (A,) (tropical:) He impaired, injured, detracted from, impugned, or attacked, his honour, or reputation; blamed, censured, or reproached, him; found fault with him; or spoke against him. (A, Msb, K.) And قَدَحَ فِى نَسَبِهِ (tropical:) He found fault with, or spoke against, his parentage, genealogy, or pedigree. (S, A, Msb.) And قَدَحَ فِى عَدَالَتِهِ (assumed tropical:) He impugned his rectitude as a witness, mentioning something that should have the effect of causing his testimony to be rejected. (Msb.) And قَدَحَ فِى سَاقِ أَخِيهِ (tropical:) He acted dishonestly, or insincerely, towards his brother, and did that which was displeasing to him, or that which he hated. (L, TA.) And فُلَانٌ يَفُتُّ فِى

عَضُدِ فُلَانٍ وَيَقْدَحُ فِى سَاقِهِ (assumed tropical:) [Such a one seeks to injure such a one by diminishing, or impairing, (in number or power) the people of his house, or his aiders, or assistants; and blames, censures, or reproaches, him]: by عَضُدِهِ being meant أَهْلِ بَيْتِهِ; and by نَفْسِهِ سَاقِهِ. (IAar, T. [See عَضُدٌ.]) b3: قَدَحَ فِى القِدْحِ, (A, K, TA,) aor. as above, (TA,) He (a maker of arrows, A) made a hole in [the end of] the [arrow in the state in which it is termed] قِدْح with the tang of the iron head [for the insertion of the said tang]: (A, K, TA:) which hole is termed ↓ مَقْدَحٌ. (A, TA.) b4: قَدَحَ خِتَامَ الخَابِيَةِ He broke the sealed clay upon the mouth of the [wine-jar called] خابية. (TA. [Accord. to the TA, a verse of Lebeed cited voce أَدْكَنُ presents an ex. of the verb in this sense: but see the explanation given in art. دكن.]) b5: قَدَحَ العَيْنَ [He (the operator termed ↓ قَدَّاح, A) performed upon the eye the operation of couching;] he extracted from the eye the corrupt fluid. (S, A. [See نَقَبَ العَيْنَ.]) b6: قَدَحَ النَّارَ, (S, L,) aor. and inf. n. as above, He struck, or produced, fire with a flint &c.: (L:) or قَدَحَ النَّارَ مِنَ الزَّنْدِ [or الزَّنْدَةِ i. e. He produced fire from the piece of stick, or wood, called زند, or rather from that called زندة]; as also ↓ اقتدحها: (A:) or قَدَحَ بِالزَّنْدِ, and ↓ اقتدح, (K,) or الزَّنْدَ ↓ اقتدح, (S,) He endeavoured to produce fire with the زند. (K.) اُحْنُ لِى أَقْدَحْ لَكَ [app. Bend thou to me branches and I will produce fire for thee to kindle them] is a prov., meaning كُنْ لِى أَكُنْ لَكَ [Be thou a helpmate for me and I will be a helpmate for thee]. (TA.) See also another prov. cited and expl. voce دِفْلَى. b7: قَدَحَ الشَّىْءُ فِى صَدْرِى (assumed tropical:) The thing made an impression in my bosom, or mind. (L.) b8: قَدَحَ, (S, A, L,) aor. and inf. n. as above; (L;) and ↓ اقتدح; (S, A, L, K;) He laded out broth [&c.] (S, A, L, K) with a ladle. (A.) and قَدَحَ القِدْرَ He laded out what was in the cookingpot. (L.) And قَدَحَ مَا فِى أَسْفَلِ القِدْرِ He laded out with pains what was in the bottom of the cooking-pot. (L.) And قَدَحَ مَا فِى أَسْفَلِ البِئْرِ [He laded out what was in the bottom of the well]. (A.) A2: قَدَحَتْ عَيْنُهُ, (S, A,) inf. n. قَدْحٌ; (K;) and ↓ قدّحت, (S,) inf. n. تَقْدِيحٌ; (K;) (assumed tropical:) His eye sank, or became depressed, (S, A, K,) so that it became like the قَدَح [q. v.]. (A. [See an ex. of the latter v. in a verse cited in the first paragraph of art. سلب.]) 2 قَدَّحَ see above, last explanation.

A2: قدّح فَرَسَهُ, (S,) inf. n. تَقْدِيحٌ, (K,) (tropical:) He made his horse lean, lank, or slender: (S, K, * TA:) or قَدَّحْتُ خَيْلِى, inf. n. as above, (tropical:) I made my horses to be [like the arrows termed] قِدَاح in slenderness. (A.) 3 مُقَادَحَةٌ is (tropical:) syn. with مُقَادَعَةٌ, [so in a copy of the A, an evident mistranscription for مُقَاذَعَةٌ, with ذ,] from القَدْحُ meaning “ the act of blaming, censuring,” &c., syn. الطَّعْنُ: thus in the saying, جَرَتْ بَيْنَهُمَا مُقَادَحَةٌ (tropical:) [A mutual reviling, and vying in foul, or unseemly, speech or language, occurred between them two]. (A.) b2: And قادحهُ signifies (tropical:) نَاظَرَهُ [app. as meaning جَادَلَهُ i. e. (tropical:) He contended in an altercation, or disputed, or litigated, with him: &c.]. (A.) 5 تقدّح: see 5 in art. قرح.6 تقاذحا (tropical:) [app. They contended in an altercation, or disputed, or litigated, each with the other]. (A: there immediately following قَادَحَهُ as meaning نَاظَرَهُ.) 7 انقدحت النَّارُ مِنَ العُودِ Fire was, or became, struck, or produced, from the wood, or stick. (L in art. صلد.) 8 إِقْتَدَحَ see 1, latter half, in three places. b2: اقتدح بِزَنْدِهِ is [also] a tropical phrase [meaning (tropical:) He endeavoured to avail himself of his (another's) instrumentality: or he availed himself thereof: see the phrase أَنَا مُقْتَدِحٌ بِزَنْدِكَ in art. زند]. (A.) b3: And اقتدح الأَمْرَ means (tropical:) He considered, and looked into, the affair, seeking to elicit what would be its issue, or result. (A, K, TA.) b4: See also 1, again; last quarter.10 استقدح زِنَادَهُ [lit. signifies He asked, or demanded, that his (another's) زِنَاد (pl. of زَنْدٌ q. v.) should produce fire: and] is a tropical phrase [meaning (tropical:) He asked, or demanded, that he might avail himself of his (another's) instrumentality]. (A.) قَدْحٌ and ↓ قَادِحٌ, [the former, in the CK, in this case, erroneously, with fet-h to the د,] A canker, or corrosion, incident in trees and in teeth: (L, K:) [the former is originally an inf. n.: and] each, in the sense here expl., an epithet in which the quality of a subst. predominates: (L:) [they are therefore more properly to be expl. as meaning a thing that cankers, or corrodes: and ↓ the latter signifies also rottenness, decay, corruption, or unsoundness: (L:) and blackness that appears in the teeth: (S:) and a crack, or fissure, in wood, or in a stick, or rod; (S, L, K;) and so the former word. (K.) b2: إبْرَةُ القَدْحِ: see مِقْدَحٌ.

قِدْحٌ An arrow, (S, Msb, K, &c.,) [i. e.] the pared wood, or rod, of an arrow, (Mgh,) before it has been furnished with feathers and a head: (S, Mgh, Msb, K, &c.:) or an arrow when straightened, and fit to be feathered and headed: (T, voce بَرِىٌّ, q. v.:) or a rod that has attained the desired state of growth, and been pruned, and cut according to the required length for an arrow: (AHn:) and [particularly] such as is used in the game called المَيْسِر: (S, L:) pl. قِدَاحٌ, (S, A, Mgh, L, K,) a pl. of mult., (TA,) and [of pauc., and accord. to the L of قِدْحٌ in the last of the senses expl. above,] أَقْدُحُ (S, L, K) and أَقْدَاحٌ (L, TA) and أَقَادِيحُ, (S, L, K,) which last is a pl. pl. [i. e. pl. of أَقْدَاحٌ]. (L.) [One says, in speaking of the arrows used in the game called ضَرَبَ بِالقِدَاحِ المَيْسِر, and ضَرَبَ القِدَاحَ: and in speaking of the two arrows used in practising sortilege, ضَرَبَ بِالقِدْحَيْنِ: see art. ضرب, p. 1778, col. iii.] صَدَقَنِى وَسْمَ قِدْحِهِ (tropical:) He told me truly what was the brand of his gaming-arrow] is a prov.; meaning he told me the truth: (A, * TA:) so says Az: (TA:) or it means he told me what was in his mind: the وسم of the قدح is the mark that denotes its share [of the slaughtered camel]; and the sign is sometimes made by means of fire. (Meyd.) And they say, أَبْصِرْ وَسْمَ قِدْحِكَ (tropical:) [See, or look at, the brand of thy gaming-arrow]; (TA;) which is [also] a prov.; (A;) meaning know thyself. (A, TA.) And قِدْحُ ابْنِ مُقْبِلٍ (assumed tropical:) [The gaming-arrow of Ibn-Mukbil, which seems to have been one remarkable for frequent good luck,] is a proverbial expression relating to goodness of effect. (TA.) قَدَحٌ [A drinking-cup or bowl;] a certain vessel (Msb, K) for drinking, (S, Mgh,) well known, (Msb,) large enough to satisfy the thirst of two men: (A 'Obeyd, K:) or a small one and a large one: (K:) [in the K voce عُلْبَةٌ, it is applied to a vessel used for milking, sometimes made of camel's skin and sometimes of wood: it was used for drinking and for milking:] pl. أَقْدَاحٌ. (S, Mgh, Msb, K.) It is said in a trad., لَا تَجْعَلُونِى كَقَدَحِ الرَّكِبِ [Make not ye me to be like the drinkingcup of the rider on a camel]; meaning, make not ye me to be last in being mentioned; because the rider on a camel suspends his قدح on the hinder part of his saddle when he is finishing the puttingon of his apparatus, (Mgh, TA,) placing it behind him. (TA.) b2: Also A certain measure of capacity, in Egypt, containing two hundred and thirty-two دَرَاهِم. (Es-Suyootee in his “ Husn el-Mohádarah. ” See إِرْدَبٌّ, in art. ردب.) قَدْحَةٌ A single act of striking, or producing, fire. (IAth, K, TA.) b2: And hence, (tropical:) An elicitation, by examination, of the real state or nature of a case or an affair. (IAth, TA.) b3: And A single act of lading out broth [&c. with a ladle]. (L, in so in the CK.) b4: See also what next follows.

قُدْحَةٌ A ladleful of broth: (S, L, K:) and some say that ↓ قَدْحَةٌ signifies the same. (L.) You say, أَعْطِنِى قُدْحَةً مِنْ مَرَقَتِكَ Give thou to me a ladleful of thy broth. (S.) قِدْحَةٌ The act of striking or producing, fire (IAth, K, TA) with the مِقْدَحَةٌ. (IAth, TA.) Hence the saying, لَوْ شَآءَ اللّٰهُ لَجَعَلَ لِلنَّاسِ قِدْحَةَ ظُلْمَةٍ كَمَا جَعَلَ لَهُمْ قِدْحَةَ نُورٍ [If God had willed, He had assigned to men the faculty of producing darkness, like as He has assigned to them the faculty of producing light]: (K, TA:) a trad. (TA.) b2: And [hence] (assumed tropical:) Consideration and examination of an affair, to elicit what may be its issue, or result. (K, TA.) قَدُوحٌ and ↓ أَقْدَحُ, (K,) or ↓ قَدُوحٌ أَقْدَحُ, (A,) (tropical:) The ذُبَاب [i. e. common fly, or flies]: (A, K, TA:) which one never sees otherwise than as though producing fire with the two fore legs [by rubbing them together like as one rubs together the زَنْد and the زَنْدَة]. (TA. [But in a verse cited by Meyd in his Proverbs, instead of القدوح ↓ الاقدح, we find القَدُوح الأَقْرَح; and he says that الأَقْرَحُ (q. v.) is from القُرْحَةُ, and that every ذُبَاب has upon its face a قُرْحَة (or white mark): see that verse in Freytag's Arab. Prov., ii. 48: and see also EM, p. 228.]) A2: قَدُوحٌ also signifies A well (رَكِىٌّ) of which the water is laded out with the hand: (S, K:) or a well (بِئْرٌ) of which the water is not taken otherwise than by successive ladings [with the hand]. (A.) قُدُوحٌ The pieces of wood of the [camel's saddle called] رَحْل [for which the TA has رمل, but the right reading is shown by the context]: a word having no singular. (TA.) قَدِيحٌ Broth: (K: [app. because laded out:]) or some broth remaining in the bottom of the cooking-pot: (A:) or what remains in the bottom of the cooking-pot and is laded out with pains; (S, L, K;) as also ↓ مَقْدُوحٌ. (L.) قِدَاحَةٌ The art, or craft, of making vessels such as are called أَقْدَاح [pl. of قَدَحٌ]. (K.) قَدَّاحٌ: see 1, latter half: b2: and see قَدَّاحَةٌ.

As an epithet applied to a زَنْد [q. v.], (K in art. خور,) it signifies That produces much fire. (TK in that art.) b3: See also مِقْدَحٌ.

A2: Also A maker of vessels such as are called أَقْدَاح [pl. of قَدَحٌ]. (K.) A3: And a subst. signifying The blossoms of plants before they open: (TA:) or the extremities of fresh, juicy, plants: (K:) or the extremities, consisting of fresh, juicy, leaves, of plants: (TA:) or soft, or tender, suckers or offsets, of [the species of trefoil, or clover, called] فِصْفِصَة: (Az, K, TA:) of the dial. of El-'Irák: n. un. ↓ قَدَّاحَةٌ. (TA.) قَدَّاحَةٌ A stone from which one strikes fire; (As, S, A, K;) and so ↓ قَدَّاحٌ. (T, S, K.) A2: See also قَدَّاحٌ, last sentence.

قَادِحٌ: see قَادِحَةٌ: b2: and see also قَدْحٌ, in two places. b3: هٰذَا مَآءٌ لَا يَنَامُ قَادِحُهُ [This is water of which the lader-out will not sleep] is said in describing such [water] as is little in quantity. (A, TA.) قَادِحَةٌ [A canker-worm;] the worm (Lth, S, Mgh, L, K) that cankers, or corrodes, trees and teeth: (Lth, * Mgh, * L, TA:) [coll. gen. n.

↓ قَادِحٌ; occurring in the K in art. خرب, &c.:] pl. قَوَادِحُ. (L.) One says, قَدْ أَسْرَعَتْ فِى أَسْنَانِهِ القَوَادِحِ [The canker-worms have quickly come into his teeth]. (L.) أَقْدَحُ: see قَدُوحٌ, in three places.

مَقْدَحٌ: see 1, in the middle of the paragraph.

مِقْدَحٌ [A couching-needle; called thus, and ↓ إِبْرَةُ القَدْحِ, in the present day. b2: Also], (K, and so in some copies of the S,) and ↓ مِقْدَحَةٌ, (A, TA, and so in other copies of the S,) and ↓ مِقْدَاحٌ, and ↓ قَدَّاحٌ, (K,) The thing (S, A, K) of iron (A, K) with which one strikes fire. (S, A, K.) b3: And the first, A ladle; (S, A, K;) as also ↓ مِقْدَحَةٌ. (A.) ↓ سَتَأْتِيكَ بِمَا فِى قَعْرَهَا المِقْدَحَةُ [The ladle will bring to thee what is in the bottom thereof] is a prov., meaning, that to which thou art blind will become apparent, or manifest, to thee. (A.) مِقْدَحَةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph, in three places.

خَيْلٌ مُقَدَّحَةٌ (tropical:) Horses that are lean, lank, or slender; as though made slender [like the arrows termed قِدَاح: see 2]. (TA.) عَيْنٌ مُقَدِّحَةٌ (assumed tropical:) An eye that is sunk or depressed [so as to be like the قَدَح: see 1, last signification]. (TA.) And خَبْلٌ مُقَدِّحَةٌ (assumed tropical:) Horses whose eyes are sunk or depressed. (TA.) مِقْدَاحٌ: see مِقْدَحٌ.

مَقْدُوحٌ, applied to broth: see قَدِيحٌ.

شَجَرٌ مُتَقَادِحٌ Trees having soft, weak, branches, which, when the wind puts them in motion, blaze forth with fire; but which when used for producing fire for a useful purpose, yield no fire at all: whence one says to him who has no ground of pretension to respect or honour, nor parentage, genealogy, or pedigree, of a sound quality, زَنْدَاكَ لِلْمُتَقَادِحِ (assumed tropical:) [lit. Thy two pieces of stick, or wood, for producing fire pertain to the trees that have soft and weak branches, &c.]. (TA.)

روق

1 رَاقَ, (S, Msb, TA,) aor. ـُ (S, Msb,) inf. n. رَوْقٌ, (S,) It (wine, or beverage, S, or water, Msb, TA, and a thing, TA) was, or became, clear. (S, Msb, TA.) A2: راق عَلَيْهِ, (JK, K,) aor. as above, (JK,) and so the inf. n., (K,) He, or it, exceeded him, or it: (JK:) [and] he, or it, exceeded him, or it, in excellence. (K.) You say, راق فِى يَدِى كَذَا Such a thing was redundant, or remained over and above, in my hand; like رَاعَ; syn. زَادَ. (L in art. ريع.) and راق فُلَانٌ عَلَى أَهْلِهِ Such a one was, or became, above, or superior to, his family; surpassed, or excelled, his family. (JK.) A3: رَاقَنِى, (JK, S, MA,) or راق لِى, (so in my copy of the Msb, [perhaps a mistranscription, for only the former is commonly known,]) and راقَهُ, (K,) aor. as above, (JK, S,) and so the inf. n., (JK, K,) It (a thing) induced in me, and him, wonder, or admiration, and pleasure, or joy; excited my, and his, admiration and approval; pleased, or rejoiced, me, and him. (JK, S, MA, Msb, K.) A4: رَوِقَ, [aor. ـْ inf. n. رَوَقٌ, He was, or became, long-toothed: (MA:) [or he had long teeth, the upper of which projected over the lower: or his upper central incisors were longer than the lower, and projecting over them: see رَوَقٌ, below.]2 روّق, (JK, S, Msb,) inf.n. تَرْوِيقٌ, (S, K,) He cleared, or clarified, (S, Msb, K,) wine, or beverage, (S,) or water; (Msb;) he cleared, or clarified, wine, or beverage, with the رَاوُوق. (JK, TA.) b2: (tropical:) He (a drunken man) made water in his clothes. (AHn, K, TA.) A2: روّق البَيْتَ, (JK, TA,) inf. n. as above, (JK,) He made, or put, to the tent, a رِوَاق, (JK, TA,) meaning a curtain extended below the roof. (TA. [See رِوَاقٌ.]) b2: Hence, (Har p. 50,) روّق اللَّيْلُ (assumed tropical:) The night extended the رِوَاق [or curtain] of its darkness; (S, Msb, Har ubi suprà, TA;) became dark; (Har, TA;) as also ↓ أَرْوَقَ. (TA.) A3: تَرْوِيقٌ also signifies The selling a commodity and buying one better than it, (IAar, K, TA,) or longer than it, and better: (TA:) or the selling an old and wornout thing and buying a new one: (Th, TA:) or the selling one's garment, and adding something to it, and buying [with that garment and the thing added to it] another garment better than it: (JK:) [or the buying, with a thing and something added thereto, a better thing: for] one says, بَاعَ سِلْعَتَهُ فَرَوَّقَ [He sold his commodity, and bought with it and something added thereto a better commodity]. (TA.) b2: One says also, رَوَّقَ لِفُلَانٍ فِى سِلْعَتِهِ He named a high price to such a one for his commodity, not desiring it [himself, but app. desiring to induce another to give a high price for it]. (JK, K: expl. in the former by رَفَعَ لَهُ فِى سَوْمِهَا وَ لَا يُرِيدُهَا; and in the latter by رَفَعَ لَهُ فِى ثَمَنِهَا وَ هُوَ لَا يُرِيدُهَا.) 4 أَرْوَقَ: see 2.

A2: اراقهُ, (Msb in art. ريق, and K in that and the present art.,) inf. n. إِرَاقَةٌ, (S in the present art., and so in the K accord. to the TA,) He poured it out, or forth; (S, Msb, K;) namely, water and the like, (S,) or water and blood: (Msb:) and one says also هَرَاقَهُ, (Msb, TA,) changing the أ into ه, originally هَرْيَقَهُ, like دَحْرَجَهُ, in measure, (Msb,) said by Lh to be of the dial. of El-Yemen, and afterwards to have spread among Mudar, (TA in art. ريق,) aor. ـَ (Msb, TA,) with fet-h to the ه, imperative هَرِقْ, originally هَرْيِقْ, like دَحْرِجْ, (Msb,) inf. n. هِرَاقَةٌ; (S and K in art. هرق;) and أَهْرَاقَهُ, aor. ـْ (Msb, TA,) with the ه quiescent, like يُسْطِيعُ aor. of إِسْطَاعَ; or, accord. to the T, أَهْرَقْتُ is wrong as being anomalous; and some say, هَرَقْتُهُ, aor. ـَ inf. n. هَرْقٌ, as though the ه were radical. (Msb.) It is said in a trad., إِنَّ امْرَأَةً

كَانَتْ تُهَرَاقُ الدِّمَآءَ or تُهْرَاقُ, the verb being in the pass. form, and the ه either meftoohah or quiescent, and الدماء being in the accus. case as a specificative; [so that the meaning is, Verily a woman used to pour forth with blood; for تهراق is equivalent to تَرِيقُ; but by rule the specificative should be without the article ال;] or الدماء may be in the nom. case, الدِّمَآءُ being for دِمَاؤُهَا [i. e. her blood used to pour forth]. (Msb.) ISd says that أَرَاقَ is judged to be originally أَرْوَقَ because the medial radical letter of a verb is more commonly و than ى; and because, when water is poured forth, its clearness appears, and it excites the admiration and approval of its beholder; [to which may be added, also because one says, هُما يَتَرَاوَقَانِ المَآءَ;] though Ks states that رَاقَ المَآءُ, aor. ـِ signifies The water poured out, or forth: IB says that أَرَقْتُ المَآءَ is from راق المَآءُ, aor. ـِ inf. n. رَيْقٌ, signifying the water went to and fro upon the surface of the earth. (TA.) One says also, of a man, اراق مَآءَ ظَهْرِهِ and هَرَاقَهُ and أَهْرَاقَهُ [meaning He poured forth his seminal fluid]. (TA.) b2: and أَرِقْ عَنْكَ مِنَ الظَّهِيرَةِ and هَرِقْ meaning (assumed tropical:) Stay thou until the mid-day heat shall have become assuaged, and the air be cool; syn. أَبْرِدْ. (IAar, TA in art. فيح.) b3: [See more in art. هرق.]5 تروّق It (wine, or beverage, [&c.,]) became clear [or rather cleared] without pressing, or expressing. (TA.) 6 هُمَا يَتَرَاوَقَانِ المَآءَ They two pour the water out, or forth, by turns. (TA.) رَوْقٌ [an inf. n. of رَاقَ, used as an epithet,] Clear; applied to water &c. (IAar, K. [See also رَائِقٌ.] b2: [Hence, app., as a subst.,] Pure, or sincere, love. (K.) A2: [Also, as an epithet originally an inf. n.,] Inducing wonder, or admiration, and pleasure, or joy; exciting admiration and approval; pleasing, or rejoicing; (IAar, K;) as also ↓ رَائِقٌ (JK) and ↓ رَيِّقٌ. (IAar, TA.) And, applied to a horse, Beautiful in make, that induces wonder, or admiration, and pleasure, or joy, in his beholder; excites his admiration and approval; or pleases, or rejoices, him; as also ↓ رَيِّقٌ. (K.) A3: A horn (JK, S, K, TA) of any horned animal: (TA:) pl. أَرْوَاقٌ. (S, TA.) [Hence,] رَوْقُ الفَرَسِ (assumed tropical:) The spear which the horseman extends between the horse's ears: (K:) [for] spears are regarded as the horses' horns. (Ham p. 90.) And دَاهِيَةٌ ذَاتُ رَوْقَيْنِ (tropical:) A great calamity or misfortune; (K, TA;) lit. twohorned. (TA.) And حَرْبٌ ذَاتُ رَوْقَيْنِ (tropical:) A vehement war. (TA.) b2: Also (assumed tropical:) [A] courageous [man], with whom one cannot cope. (K.) b3: (tropical:) A chief (IAar, JK, K) of men. (JK.) b4: (assumed tropical:) A company, or collective body, (As, O, K,) of people: so in the saying, جَآءَنَا رَوْقٌ مِنْ بَنِى فُلَانٍ (assumed tropical:) [A company of the sons of such a one came to us: or, app., a numerous and strong company; for it is added that this is] like the saying رَأْسُ جَمَاعَةِ القَوْمِ [which means “ the numerous and strong company of the collective body of the people ”]. (As, O.) b5: Also syn. with رِوَاقٌ in several senses, as pointed out below: see the latter word in six places. b6: Also (assumed tropical:) The foremost part or portion of rain, and of an army, and of a number of horses or horsemen. (TA.) And (tropical:) The first part of youth; as also ↓ رَيِّقٌ, (S, O, K,) originally رَيْوِقٌ, (O, K,) and ↓ رَيْقٌ, (S, O, K,) which is a contraction of رَيِّقٌ: (O:) you say, فَعَلَهُ فِى رَوْقِ شَبَابِهِ and شبابه ↓ رَيِّقِ and شبابه ↓ رَيْقِ (tropical:) He did it in the first part of his youth: (S, TA: *) and مَضَى

مِنَ الشَّبَابِ رَوْقُهُ (tropical:) The first part of youth passed. (TA.) b7: Also (assumed tropical:) The youth [itself] of a man. (TA.) b8: And (assumed tropical:) Life; i. e. the period of. life: whence the saying, أَكَلَ رَوْقَهُ (assumed tropical:) [He consumed his life; or] he became aged: (K:) or this saying means (assumed tropical:) his life became prolonged so that, or until, his teeth fell out, one after another. (S, O.) b9: (assumed tropical:) A part, or portion, of the night: (S, K:) pl., accord. to IB, أَرْوُقٌ: but accord. to Aboo-'Amr Esh-Sheybánee, this is pl. of رِوَاقٌ: (TA:) [or the pl. of رَوْقٌ in this sense is أَرْوَاقٌ.] Yousay, مَضَى رَوْقٌ مِنَ اللَّيْلِ (assumed tropical:) A part, or portion, of the night passed. (TA.) And أَرْوَاقُ اللَّيْلِ means (tropical:) The folds (أَثْنَآء) of the darkness of night. (K, TA.) And أَرْوَاقُ العَيْنِ (tropical:) The sides of the eye: so in the saying, أَسْبَلَتْ أَرْوَاقُ العَيْنِ (tropical:) The sides of the eye shed tears. (O, K, * TA.) b10: Also (assumed tropical:) The body: (K, TA:) and [in like manner the pl.] أَرْوَاقٌ signifies the (assumed tropical:) extremities and body, of a man: (TA:) and his self; (JK, * TA;) as also the singular. (JK, TA.) You say, رَمَوْنَا بِأَرْوَاقِهِمْ (assumed tropical:) They threw themselves upon us. (TA.) and أَلْقَى عَلَيْنَا أَرْوَاقَهُ (assumed tropical:) He covered us with himself [by throwing himself upon us]. (TA.) And رَمَاهُ بِأَرْوَاقِهِ (assumed tropical:) He threw his weight upon him. (TA.) And رَمَى بِأَرْوَاقِهِ عَنِ الدَّابَّةِ (assumed tropical:) He mounted the beast: and رَمَى بِأَرْوَاقِهِ عَنِ الدَّابَّةِ (assumed tropical:) He alighted from the beast. (O, K.) And أَلْقَى أَرْوَاقَهُ (assumed tropical:) He remained at rest in a place; (S, O, K;) like as one says, أَلْقَى عَصَاهُ: (S, O:) a meaning said in the K to be app. the contr. of what here next follows: but this requires consideration. (TA.) Also (assumed tropical:) He ran vehemently: (A 'Obeyd, S, O, K:) not known, however, to Sh, in this sense; but known to him as meaning (assumed tropical:) he strove, laboured, toiled, or exerted himself, in a thing. (TA.) [Agreeably with this last explanation, it is said that] رَوْقٌ also signifies (assumed tropical:) A man's determination, or resolution; his action; and his purpose, or intention. (K, TA.) And hence the saying, أَلْقَى عَلَيْهِ أَرْوَاقَهُ [meaning (assumed tropical:) He devoted his mind and energy to it, or him]: (TA:) [or] you say thus, and أَلْقَى عَلَيْهِ شَرَاشِرَهُ, meaning his loving it, or him, (أَنْ يُحِبَّهُ,) vehemently [i. e. (assumed tropical:) he loved it, or him, vehemently; agreeably with explanations of the saying القى عليه شراشره in art. شر, q. v.]. (Thus in the JM. [In my two copies of the S, and in the O and K, and hence in the TA, in the places of عَلَيْهِ and يُحِبَّهُ we find عَلَيْكَ and تُحِبَّهُ; evidently mistranscriptions which have been copied by one lexicographer after another without due consideration: or, if we read عَلَيْكَ, we should read يُحِبَّكَ; for in this case the meaning of the saying would certainly be he loved thee vehemently. Freytag, misled by the reading تُحِبَّهُ in the S and K, renders القى عليك ارواقه as meaning Magno amore erga ipsum te accendit. Golius gives, in its place, ضرب اوراقه عليه (for ارواقه), as meaning Valde amavit eum.]) b11: Yousay also, أَلْقَتِ السَّحَابَةُ أَرْوَاقَهَا, (JK, S, O, K,) or القت السحابة عَلَى الأَرْضِ ارواقها, (TA,) (tropical:) The cloud cast down its rain, and its vehement rain consisting of large drops, (S, O, K, TA,) upon the earth: (TA:) or persevered with rain, and remained stationary upon the land: (JK, TA:) or أَلْقَتِ السَّمَآءُ بِأَرْوَاقِهَا The sky cast down all the water that was in it: (IAmb, O, TA:) or this saying, (O, TA,) or the former, (K,) means cast down its clear waters; (O, K, TA;) from رَاقَ المَآءُ signifying “ the water was, or became, clear: ”

but IAmb deems this improbable, because the Arabs did not say مَآءٌ رَوْقٌ and مَاآنِ رَوْقَانِ and أَمْوَاهٌ أَرْوَاقٌ: (O, TA:) [i. e. they said رَوْقٌ only, in all cases when they used it as an epithet meaning “ clear,” because it is originally an inf. n., like عَدْلٌ &c.:] or, as some say, by بارواقها is meant its waters rendered heavy by the clouds: and one says, أَرْخَتِ السَّمَآءُ أَرْوَاقَهَا and عَزَالِيهَا (assumed tropical:) [The sky loosed, or let down, its spouts; the clouds being likened to leathern water-bags]: (TA:) [for]

رَوْقُ السَّحَابِ means (assumed tropical:) The مَسِيل [or channel by which flows the water] of the clouds. (TA in another part of the art. [See also رِوَاقٌ, as used in relation to clouds.]) A4: رَوْقٌ also signifies A substitute for a thing, (O, K,) accord. to [the JK and] Ibn-'Abbád. (O.) A5: And الرَّوْقُ meansThe breathing of [i. e. in] the agony of death (نَفْسُ النَّزْعِ). (O, K, TA. [In the CK and in my MS. copy of the K, نَفْسُ النَّزْعِ, which means the agony of death itself.]) رُوقٌ is said to be pl. of رُوقَةٌ, and of رَائِقٌ, and of أَرْوَقُ. (TA.) [See these three words.]

رَوَقٌ Length of the teeth, with a projecting of the upper over the lower: (JK:) or length of the upper incisors exceeding that of the lower, (S, O, K, TA,) with projection of the former over the latter. (TA.) [See also 1, last sentence.]

رَيْقٌ: see رَوْقٌ, in two places, in the former half of the paragraph: b2: and see also رِيِّقٌ.

رَوْقَةٌ i. q. جَمَالٌ رَائِقٌ [i. e. Beauty, comeliness, or elegance, &c., that induces wonder, or admiration, and pleasure, or joy; or surpassing beauty, &c.]. (K.) رُوقَةٌ Choice, or excellent: (Fr, O:) or goodly, or beautiful: (K:) applied to a boy and to a girl, (Fr, O, K,) and to a he-camel and to a she-camel: (Fr, O:) and very beautiful or comely or elegant; (K;) applied to one and more of human beings: (TA:) used alike as masc. and fem. and sing. and pl. (O, TA) and dual: (TA:) [and also said to be pl. of رَائِقٌ, q. v.:] and it has a pl., [or coll. gen. n.,] namely, رُوْقٌ; (IDrd, O, TA;) applied to she-camels; (IDrd, O;) or sometimes applied to horses and camels, absolutely accord. to IAar, or particularly when on a journey. (TA.) A2: Also A little, or paltry, thing: (JK, IDrd, O, K:) of the dial. of El-Yemen. (IDrd, O.) You say, مَا أَعْطَاهُ إِلَّا رُوقَةً He gave him not save a little, or paltry, thing. (IDrd, O.) رَوَاقٌ: see what next follows.

رُوَاقٌ: see what next follows.

رِوَاقٌ (Lth, S, Mgh, O, Msb, K, &c.) and ↓ رُوَاقٌ (MA, K) and ↓ رَوَاقٌ (MA) A بَيْت [or tent] like the فُسْطَاط [q. v.], (Lth, JK, O, Msb, K,) supported upon one pole in the middle thereof; (Lth, O, Msb;) as also ↓ رَوْقٌ; (K, * TA; expl. in the former as signifying a فُسْطَاط; and its pl. أَرْوَاقٌ is expl. in the S as signifying فَسَاطِيطُ;) accord. to Lth: (TA:) or a roof in the front, or fore part, of a بَيْت [or tent]; (S, O, K;) as also ↓ رَوْقٌ: (S:) or a curtain that is extended below the roof; as also ↓ رَوْقٌ; which latter is expl. in the K as signifying simply a curtain: (TA:) or the رِوَاق of a بَيْت [or tent] is the curtain of the front, or fore part, thereof, extending from the top thereof to the ground: (Az, TA:) a [piece of cloth such as is called] كِسَآء let down upon the front, or fore part, of a بَيْت, from the top thereof to the ground: (Mgh:) ↓ رَوْقٌ signifies the same as رِوَاقٌ: (K:) and each signifies the شُقَّة [or oblong piece of cloth] that is beneath the upper, or uppermost, شُقَّة of a بَيْت [or tent]: (Az, O, K:) or sometimes the رواق is one such piece of cloth, and sometimes of two such pieces, and sometimes of three: (TA:) and, (Msb,) or as some say, (Mgh, TA,) رِوَاقٌ signifies (assumed tropical:) the front, or fore part, of a بَيْت [or tent]; (Z, Mgh, Msb, TA;) as also ↓ رَوْقٌ; (JK, Z, K;) its hinder part being called its كِفَآء, and its two sides being called its خَالِفَتَانِ; (TA;) whence the saying, بَيْتِهِ ↓ قَعَدُوا فِى رَوْقِ and رِوَاقِ بَيْتِهِ, i. e. (tropical:) [They sat in] the front or fore part [of his tent]: (Z, TA:) and ↓ رَوْقٌ also signifies a tent; as in the saying, ضَرَبَ رَوْقَهُ [He pitched his tent]: (S:) and [hence] the place of the huntsman [in which he conceals himself to lie in wait]; (K;) as being likened to the رواق: (TA:) and رواق signifies also a place that affords shelter in rain: (MA:) [and a portico; and particularly such as surrounds the court of a mosque; (see سُدَّةٌ;) in some of the large collegiate mosques, as, for instance, in the mosque El-Azhar, in Cairo, divided into a number of distinct apartments for students of different provinces or countries, each of which apartments by itself is termed a رِوَاق:] the pl. of رواق is أَرْوِقَةٌ and رُوقٌ; (S, O, Msb, K;) the former a pl. of pauc. and the latter of mult. (S, O.) b2: [Hence, الرِّوَاقُ مِنَ السَّحَابِ, expl. in the TA as meaning ما دار مِنْهُ كَرِوَاقِ البَيْتِ: but دار is here evidently a mistranscription for كَانَ; and the meaning is, (assumed tropical:) The part, of the clouds, that resembles the رواق of the tent. See also رَوْقُ السَّحَابِ, near the end of the paragraph commencing with رَوْقٌ.] b3: [Hence also,] رِوَاقُ اللَّيْلِ (assumed tropical:) [The curtain of night: and] the first part of night; and the greater, or main, part thereof. (ISd, K. [It is implied in the latter that one says also in this instance and in the next رُوَاق.]) Yousay, of night, مَدَّ رِوَاقَ ظُلْمَتِهِ (assumed tropical:) [It extended the curtain of its darkness]: (S, Msb:) and أَلْقَى

أَرْوِقَتَهُ (assumed tropical:) [It let fall its curtains]. (S.) [See also an ex. in a verse cited voce مُرِمٌّ, in art. رم.] b4: And رِوَاقُ العَيْنِ (assumed tropical:) The eyebrow. (JK, K.) A2: رِوَاقُ [imperfectly decl. as being a proper name and of the fem. gender, though it is implied in the K that it is الرِّوَاقُ and الرُّوَاقُ,] is a name for The ewe, (O, K,) by which she is called to be milked, by the cry رِوَاق رِوَاق; (O;) but not unless she be ↓ رَوْقَآء [app., if not a mistranscription for وَرْقَآء, formed from this latter by transposition, and thus meaning dusky: see أَرْوَقُ]. (O, K.) رَائِقٌ Cleared, or clarified, [or rather ↓ مُرَوَّقٌ has this meaning, and رَائِقٌ signifies clear,] wine, or beverage. (TA.) And Pure musk. (TA.) [See also the same word in art. ريق: and see رَوْقٌ.]

A2: [Also Exceeding, surpassing, or superlative: see 1, second and next two following sentences.] b2: See also رَوْقٌ, third sentence. [Hence,] Goodly, or beautiful: (S, K, TA:) from رَاقَنِى

signifying as expl. in the first paragraph of this art.; (S;) or from رَاقَ signifying “ it was, or became, clear: ” (TA:) pl. رُوقَةٌ, (S, K,) like as فُرْهَةٌ and صُحْبَةٌ are pls. of فَارِهٌ and صَاحِبٌ, (S,) [or rather quasi-pl.,] applied to boys, (S, K,) and to girls; (S;) [and also (as expl. above) an epithet used alike as masc. and fem. and sing. and pl. and dual;] and رُوقٌ is another pl. of رَائِقٌ, like as بُزْلٌ is of بَازِلٌ. (S.) رُوقَةُ المُؤْمِنِينَ, in which روقة is [quasi-] pl. of رائق, means the best, and the manly and noble or generous, of the believers. (TA.) رَيِّقٌ: see رَوْقٌ, in four places, in the former half of the paragraph. b2: Also The most excellent of anything; (JK, S;) as, for instance, of wine, or beverage, and of rain. (JK.) b3: And it is said to signify also, (JK, Ibn-'Abbád, O,) or so ↓ رَيْقٌ, (accord. to the copies of the K,) A scanty fall of rain: thus bearing two contr. meanings. (JK, Ibn-'Abbád, O, K.) رَاوُوقٌ A clarifier, or strainer, (S, Msb, K,) syn. مِصْفَاةٌ, (S, K,) for wine or beverage: (S:) the نَاجُود [q. v.] with which wine, or beverage, is cleared, (Lth, JK, K, TA,) without pressing, or expressing: (TA:) and (sometimes, S) the [kind of wine-vessel called] بَاطِيَة. (S, K.) Accord. to IAar, (O, TA,) who is said by Sh to differ herein from all others, (TA,) الرَّاوُوقُ signifies also The كَأْس [or drinking-cup, or cup of wine,] itself. (O, K, TA.) And Dukeyn uses it metaphorically in relation to youth; saying, أَسْقَى بِرَاوُوقِ الشَّبَابِ الخَاضِبِ [app. meaning (assumed tropical:) He gave to drink of the cup of ruddy youth: see خَاضِبٌ as an epithet applied to an ostrich]. (TA.) أَرْوَقُ [app. originally signifying Horned: b2: and hence,] (assumed tropical:) A horse between whose ears the rider extends his spear: when the rider does not thus, he [the horse] is said to be أَجَمُّ. (K.) b3: Also, applied to a man, (S, Mgh, K,) Having long teeth, with a projecting of the upper over the lower: (JK:) or having long incisors: (Mgh:) or whose upper incisors are longer than the lower, (S, K, TA,) and project over the latter: (TA:) fem. رَوْقَآءُ: (JK, TA:) and pl. رُوقٌ; (K, TA;) which is also said to be pl. of رُوقَةٌ, and of رَائِقٌ. (TA.) [In the K is added, after the mention of the pl., وَ كَذٰلِكَ قَوْمٌ رُوقٌ وَ رَجُلٌ أَرْوَقُ: an addition altogether redundant.]

A2: [It seems that it is also syn. with أَوْرَقُ, as being formed from the latter by transposition; and that hence] one says سَنَةٌ رَوْقَآءُ and سِنُونَ رُوقٌ [meaning (assumed tropical:) A rainless year and rainless years], and عَاثَ فِيهِمْ عَامٌ أَرْوَقُ كَأَنَّهُ ذِئْبٌ أَوْرَقُ [meaning (assumed tropical:) A rainless year made mischief, or havock, among them, as though it were a dusky wolf]. (TA.) See also رِوَاق, last sentence.

إِرَاقَةٌ inf. n. of 4. (S.) b2: And [hence,] The مَآء [meaning seminal fluid] of a man; as also هِرَاقَةٌ and إِهْرَاقَةٌ. (TA.) [See أَرَاقَ مَآءَ ظَهْرِهِ.]

مَرَاقٌ: see art. ريق.

مَآءٌ مُرَاقٌ [Water, and hence, seminal fluid, poured forth]. (TA. [There immediately followed by أَرَاقَ مَآءَ ظَهْرِهِ, q. v.]) رَجُلٌ مُرِيقٌ [A man pouring forth water, and hence, his seminal fluid]. (TA. [There immediately followed by مَآءٌ مُرَاقٌ, q. v.]) مُرَوَّقٌ: see رَائِقٌ: A2: and see مُرَيَّقٌ, in art. ريق.

A3: Also A tent (بَيْتٌ, S, K, and خِبَآءٌ, S) having a رِوَاق [q. v.]. (S, K. [Said in the TA to be tropical; but why, I do not see.]) هُوَ مُرَاوِقِى He has the رِوَاق of his tent fronting, or facing, that of mine; (JK, A, O, K; *) and so هُوَ جَارِى مُرَاوِقِى. (A, TA.)

دفل

دِفْلٌ: see the following paragraph.

A2: Also i. q. قَطِرَانٌ and زِفْتٌ [both app. here meaning Tar, or liquid pitch]: (K:) or such as is thick: mentioned in this art. by IF, and also as written with ذ. (TA.) دِفْلَى, (T, S, M, K, &c.,) accord. to those who make the alif to be a sign of the fem. gender; and دِفْلًى, accord. to those who make that letter to be one of quasi-coordination; used alike as a sing. and a pl.; (S;) and ↓ دِفْلٌ; (Ibn-'Abbád, K;) [the first of these appellations applied in the present day to The rose-bay, or laurel-bay; oleander, nerium oleander, rhododendron, or rhododaphne: and also to the common laurel:] a certain tree, (T, M,) or plant, (S, K,) bitter, (T, S, M, K,) very bitter, (TA,) and poisonous, (T,) green, and beautiful in appearance, the blossom of which is beautifully tinged, (M,) called in Persian خَرْزَهْرَهْ: (K:) there is a river-kind, and a land-kind: the leaves are like those of the حَمْقَآء [or gardenpurslane], but more slender; and the branches, or twigs, are long, spreading over the ground; at the leaves are thorns; and it grows in waste places: the river-kind grows upon the banks of rivers; its thorns are unconspicuous, or unapparent; its leaves are like those of the خِلَاف [or salix Aegyptia] and of the almond, broad; and the upper part of its stem is thicker than the lower part thereof: (TA:) it is very deadly: its blossom is like the red rose, (K,) very rough (خشن جدّا [but this I think is a mistranscription for حَسَنٌ جِدًّا very beautiful], and upon it is a kind of tuft like hair: (TA:) its fruit is like the خُرْنُوب [q. v.]; (K;) having an aperient, or a deobstruent, property; and stuffed with a substance like wool: (TA:) it is good for the mange, or scab, and the itch (حِكَّة), used in the manner of a liniment, (K,) and especially the expressed juice of its leaves; (TA;) and for pain of the knee and the back, (K,) of long duration, (TA,) applied in the manner of a poultice, or plaster; and for expelling fleas and the [insect called] أَرَض, by the sprinkling of a decoction thereof; and the rubbing over with the heart thereof twelve times, after cleansing, is good for removing the [malignant leprosy termed] بَرَص; (K;) and its leaves put upon hard tumours are very beneficial: but it is a poison: [yet] sometimes it is mixed with wine and rue, and given to be drunk, and saves from the poisons of venomous reptiles: the Ra-ees [Ibn-Seenà, or Avicenna,] says that it is perilous by itself, and its blossom, to men, and to horses and the like, and to dogs, but is beneficial when made into a decoction with rue, and drunk: (TA:) IAar says that the [trees termed] آء and أَلَآء and حبر [app. a mistranscription for خَبْر, a species of lote-tree,] are all called دِفْلَى. (T.) AHn says that the زَنْد made from the دِفْلَى is excellent for producing fire: and hence the prov., اِقْدَحْ بِدِفْلَى فِى مَرْخِ ثُمَّ شُدَّ بَعْدُ أَوْ أَرْخِ [Endeavour thou to produce fire with wood of the دفلى upon wood of the مرخ: then tighten afterwards or loosen]: (M:) said when one incites a bad man against another bad man: (M, Meyd:) or, accord. to IAar, said in relation to a man whom one needs not to press, or importune. (Meyd.)

خطب

1 خَطَبَ, (S, K,) or خَطَبَ خُطْبَةً, (A,) aor. ـُ (TA,) inf. n. خُطْبَةٌ, (S, K,) or this, accord. to some, is a subst. used as an inf. n., (TA,) and خَطَابَةٌ, (K,) said of a خَطِيب (A) or خَاطِب, (K,) [He recited a خُطْبَة (q. v. infrà),] عَلَى المِنْبَرِ [upon the pulpit]; (S, K;) as also ↓اختطب. (S.) And خَطَبَ القَوْمَ, (Msb,) and عَلَى القَوْمِ, (Th, Msb,) aor. ـُ (Msb,) inf. n. خُطْبَةٌ, (Th, Msb,) [He recited a خُطْبَة to the people, and over the people, i. e. on the pulpit, beneath which they sat: or] he delivered an exhortation, or admonition, to the people. (Msb.) b2: خَطَبَ المَرْأَةَ, (S, A, * Msb, K,) aor. as above, (TA,) inf. n. خِطْبَةٌ, (S, A, K) or this is a simple subst., (Msb,) and خَطْبٌ (Lh, K) and خِطِّيبَى; (T, S, * K;) and ↓اختطبها; (S, K;) He asked, or demanded, the woman in marriage. (Msb.) In the following verse of 'Adee Ibn-Zeyd, respecting Jedheemeh El-Abrash, and his asking in marriage Ez-Zebbà, لِخِطِّيبَى الَّتِى غَدَرَتْ وَخَانَتْ وَهُنَّ ذَوَاتُ غَائِلَةٍ لُحِينَا [For the asking in marriage of her who acted perfidiously and treacherously: for they (i. e. women) are possessed of secret malevolence: may they be disgraced and accursed:] خطّيبى is syn. with خِطْبَة: (S:) accord. to Lth, it is a simple subst.; but AM says that he is in error, and that it is an inf. n. (TA.) You say also, خَطَبَ المَرْأَةَ

إِلَى القَوْمِ He asked, or demanded, the woman in marriage, of the people. (Msb.) And خَطَبَ

إِلَى فُلَانٍ [He asked, or demanded, a woman in marriage, of such a one]. (TA.) And خَطَبَ عَلَى

خِطْبَةِ أَخِيهِ He asked, or demanded, a woman in marriage, when another had done so, and she had inclined to the latter, and he and she had agreed to a certain dowry, and had approved each other, and nothing remained but to conclude the contract; the doing of which is forbidden: but it is not forbidden to ask in marriage a woman when another has done so if she and the latter have not agreed, nor approved each other, nor has either of them inclined to the other. (TA.) b3: فُلَانٌ يَخْطُبُ عَمَلَ كَذَا (tropical:) Such a one seeks, or desires, to do such a thing. (A, TA.) A2: خَطُبَ, [aor. ـُ inf. n. خَطَابَةٌ, He became a خَطِيب (S.) A3: خَطِبَ, aor. ـَ (JK, K,) inf. n. خَطَبٌ, (S, TA,) He, or it, was, or became, of the colour termed خُطْبَةٌ: (S, * K:) or his, or its, colour was, or became, what is thus termed. (JK.) 2 خطّبهُ He granted his request of a woman in marriage; as also ↓اخطبهُ. (TA.) 3 خاطبهُ, (A, Msb, TA,) or خاطبهُ بِالكَلَامِ, (S, TA,) inf. n. مُخَاطَبَةٌ and خِطَابٌ, (S, Msb,) He talked, spoke, conversed, or discoursed, with him; held a colloquy, dialogue, conversation, or discourse, with him: (Msb, TA:) he talked to him, spoke to him, or addressed him, face to face; accosted him with speech or words. (A.) [Hence,] حَرْفُ خِطَابٍ [A particle of allocution] : such is the ت in أَنْتَ and أَنْتِ, (Mughnee and K on the letter ت,) and such is the ك in ذَاكَ &c. (I'Ak p. 36; &c.) b2: He consulted with him. (TA.) b3: فَصْلُ الخِطَابِ [as used in the Kur xxxviii. 19] means The deciding a case, or passing sentence, or judging, with evident demonstration, or proof; or by testimony confirmed by oath: (K, TA:) or the deciding between truth and falsehood, and distinguishing between just judgment and the contrary thereof: (TA:) or understanding, intelligence, sagacity, or knowledge, in judging or passing sentence: or the pronouncing the phrase أَمَّا بَعْدُ, (K, TA,) which David [it is said] was the first to utter, and which means, accord. to Abu-l- 'Abbás, Now, after these preliminary words, [I proceed to say] thus and thus; (TA;) or this last phrase means after my prayer for thee; (K in art. بعد;) or after praising God. (TA in art. بعد [See also art. فصل.]) 4 أَخْطَبَ see 2. b2: [Accord. to the KL, إِخْطَابٌ signifies The inviting one for the purpose of marriage: but I think it is only اِخْتِطَابٌ that has this signification.] b3: أَخْطَبَكَ الصَّيْدُ (tropical:) The game, or object of the chase, has become within thy power, or reach; (S, A;) and has become near thee; (S;) فَارْمِهِ [therefore shoot it, or cast at it]. (A.) And اخطبك الأَمْرُ (tropical:) The thing, or affair, has become within thy power, or reach. (JK, A. *) A2: اخطب, said of the colocynth, (JK, S, K,) It became striped with green: (JK, K:) or it became yellow, with green stripes. (S.) and اخطبتِ الحِنْطَةُ The wheat became coloured. (TA.) 6 تخاطبا They two talked, spoke, conversed, or discoursed, each with the other; held a colloquy, dialogue, conversation, or discourse, each with the other. (TA.) [Hence, عُرْفُ التَّخَاطُبِ The generally-known, generally-received, or conventional, language of conversation.]8 إِخْتَطَبَ see 1, in two places. b2: اِخْتَطَبُوهُ They invited him to marry a woman of their family: (S, Msb, K:) or they invited him to ask, or demand, in marriage, a woman of their family. (Az, * A. [See also 4.]) خَطْبٌ (tropical:) A thing, an affair, or a business, (A, K, MF,) small or great, (K,) that one seeks, or desires, to do, (A,) syn. أَمْرٌ مَخْطُوبٌ, (Ham p. 33,) or that is, or may be, a subject of discourse: this is the primary signification: (MF:) or a great thing or affair: or a thing, or an affair, that is disliked; not one that is liked: or that is liked also: (Ham p.127:) or the cause, or occasion, of a thing or an event: (JK, S:) or an affliction; a calamity: (Msb:) [often used in this last sense in the present day:] and a state, or condition: (TA:) pl. خُطُوبٌ; (A, Msb, K;) for which خُطُب is used in a verse below. (TA.) You say, مَاخَطْبُكَ (tropical:) What is the thing, or affair, or business, that thou seekest, or desirest, to do? (A:) or what is thy cause[of coming &c.]? (S.) خَطْبٌ يَسِيرٌ and جَلِيلٌ (tropical:) [A little, or an unimportant, and a great, or an important, thing or affair]. (A.) And هُوَ يُقَاسِى خُطُوبَ الدَّهْرِ (tropical:) [He endures, or he contends, or struggles, with, or against, the afflictions, or calamities, of fortune]. (A.) El-Akhtal says, كَلَمْعِ أَيْدِى مَثَاكِيلَ مُسَلِّبَةٍ

يَنْدُبْنَ ضَرْسَ بَنَاتِ الدَّهْرِ وَالخُطُبِ (assumed tropical:) [Like the wavings of the hands of mothers bereft of many children, in mourning on account of them, bewailing the biting cruelty of the daughters of misfortune and afflictions] : using الخُطُبِ for الخُطُوبِ. (L.) خُطْبٌ: see the next paragraph, in two places.

خِطْبٌ A man who asks, or demands, a woman in marriage; (S, A, * K; *) as also ↓ خُطْبٌ (MF) and ↓ خَاطِبٌ (A, Msb, K) and ↓ خِطِّيبٌ: pl. of the first أَخْطَابٌ, (K,) and of the second خُطَّابٌ, (A,) and of the last خِطِّيبُونَ. (K.) You say, هُوَخِطْبُهَا [and ↓ خَاطِبُهَا] and ↓ خِطِّيبُهَا He is her asker, or demander, in marriage. (K, * TA.) It was a custom, in the Time of Ignorance, for a man to stand up and to say خِطْبٌ, (A, K, *) and ↓ خُطْبٌ, (K,) meaning I am an asker, or demander, in marriage; (MF;) and he who desired to give to him in marriage would reply نِكْحٌ, (A, K, *) and نُكْحٌ, (K,) [meaning I am “ a giver in marriage,”] and thus marriage was effected: there was a woman among them, called Umm-Khárijeh, and the man who asked her in marriage used to stand at the door of her tent, and say, خِطْبٌ; and she used to reply, نِكْحٌ; (S, * TA;) and hence the prov, أَسْرَعُ مِنْ نِكَاحِ أُمِّ خَارِجَةَ [Quicker than the marriage of Umm-Khárijeh]. (TA.) b2: Also A woman asked, or demanded, in marriage; (S, A, * K; *) and so ↓ خِطْبَةٌ (S, K) and ↓ خُطْبَةٌ (Kr, K) and ↓ خِطِّيبَةٌ (A, K) and ↓ خِطِّيبَى [which is also an inf. n.: see 1] : (K:) or this last signifies a woman often asked, or demanded, in marriage. (JK.) You say, هِىَ خِطْبُهُ and ↓ خِطْبَتُهُ (S, K) &c. (K) She is the person asked, or demanded, in marriage by him. (S, K. *) خُطْبَةٌ, a word of the measure فُعْلَةٌ in the sense of the measure مَفْعُولَةٌ, like نُسْخَةٌ in the sense of مَنْسُوخَةٌ, and غُرْفَةٌ مِنَ المَآءِ in the sense of مَغْرُوفَةٌ; meaning An exhortation or admonition [recited by a خَطِيب] : (Msb:) a form of words, a discourse, a sermon, a speech, an oration, or a harangue, which the خَطِيب recites on the pulpit: (K, * TA:) [in the noon-service of the congregational mosque on Friday, the خطيب recites two forms of words, each of which is thus termed: the former chiefly consists of expressions of praise to God, blessings on Mohammad and his family and companions, and exhortation to the congregation; and is termed خُطْبَةُ الوَعْظِ: the latter, of praise to God, exhortation, blessings on Mo-hammad and his family and companions, and prayer for the Muslims in general, and especially for the Sovereign; and is termed خُطْبَةُ النَّعْتِ: (see my “ Modern Egyptians,” ch. iii.:)] or, [accord. to its original signification,] with the [Pagan] Arabs, a discourse, a speech, an oration, or a harangue, [generally applied to one delivered in public,] in rhyming prose; and the like: (Aboo-Is-hák, K:) or the old Arabian خُطْبَة, in the Pagan and the early Muslim ages, was, in most instances, not in rhyming prose; and the term “ prose,” as here used, does not exclude what contains poetry introduced by way of testimony and the like: (MF:) or [a tract, or small treatise or discourse,] like a رِسَالَة, which [is complete in itself, or, in other words,] has a beginning and an end: (T, TA:) the pl. is خُطَبٌ: (Msb:) and ↓ مَخَاطِبُ, occurring in the following words of a trad., مِنْ أَهْلِ المَحَاشِدِ وَالمَخَاطِبِ, meaning of those who congregate, and harangue people, exciting them to go forth and assemble for seditious purposes, is said to be used in the same sense as خُطَب, and to be a pl. [of خُطْبَةٌ], contr. to rule, like مَشَابِهُ [pl. of شَبَهٌ] and مَلَامِحُ [pl. of لَمْحَةٌ]: or it is pl. of ↓ مَخْطَبَةٌ, which is syn. with خُطْبَةٌ: (TA:) or it [is pl. of ↓ مَخْطَبٌ, and] signifies places of haranguing. (L in art. حشد.) You say, خُطْبَةً حَسَنَةً ↓ خَطَبَ الخَطِيبُ [The خطيب recited a beautiful خطبة]. (A.) A2: See also خِطْبٌ

A3: Also A turbid, or dusky, colour, (K,) or a colour inclining to turbidness or duskiness, (TA,) mixed with yellowish red; (K, TA;) like the colour of wheat before it dries, and that of some wild asses: (TA:) and a green [app. here meaning a dark, or an ashy, dust-] colour: (TA:) or a dust-colour suffused with خُضْرَة: [or a dark, or an ashy, dust-colour: see أَخْطَبُ:] (A, K:) or خُضْرَة mixed with black. (TA.) b2: The saying, البَيِّنُ الخُطْبَةِ ↓ أَنْتَ الأَخْطَبُ, which might be imagined to ascribe to the person addressed perspicuity, or eloquence, in his خُطْبَة, really means Thou art [the asinine;] he who bears evidence of الحِمَارِيَّة [i. e. asinineness]. (A.) خِطْبَةٌ an inf. n. of خَطَبَ المَرْأَةَ: (S, A, K:) or a simple subst. (Msb.) A2: See also خِطْبٌ, in two places.

خُطْبَانٌ, and خُطْبَانَةٌ: see أَخْطَبُ, in four places. b2: The former is also the name of A certain plant, (K,) of the most bitter of herbs, (TA,) resembling the هِلْيَوْن [or asparagus], (K,) or like the tails of serpents, with thin extremities resembling [in colour] the violet, or blacker; the part next below being green; and the part next below that, to the roots, white: whence the saying, أَمَرُّ مِنَ الخُطْبَانِ [More bitter than the خطبان]; in which خطبان has been erroneously said to be pl. of أَخْطَبُ, like as سُودَانٌ is pl. of أَسْوَدُ (TA.) خِطْبَانٌ: see أَخْطَبُ

أَوْرَقُ خُطْبَانِى ٌّ [Of a dusky colour, inclining to black, in a great degree; or very dusky]: the latter word is added to give intensiveness to the signification. (K.) خَطِيبٌّ [A speaker; generally a public speaker; an orator; a preacher;] a reciter of a خُطْبَة, (A, Msb, TA,) [and particularly] on the pulpit; (TA;) i. q. ↓ خَاطِبٌ [in these senses; but the latter is generally used in another sense, explained above, voce خِطْبٌ]: (S, TA:) or one who recites a خُطْبَة well; (K, TA;) [a good speaker or orator:] pl. خُطَبَآءُ. (Msb, TA.) See خُطْبَةٌ.

You say also, هُوَ خَطِيبُ القَوْمِ, meaning He is the speaker for the people or party. (Msb.) خِطَابَةٌ The office of a خَطِيب of a mosque. (TA.) خَطَّابٌ A man practised in, or accustomed to, the asking, or demanding, women in marriage. (K, * Msb, TA.) خِطِّيبٌ: see خِطْبٌ, in two places.

خِطِّيبَةٌ: see خِطْبٌ.

خِطِّيبَى: see خِطْبٌ.

خَاطِبٌ: see خِطْبٌ, in two places: b2: and see also خَطِيبٌ.

أَخْطَبُ Of the colour termed خُطْبَةٌ. (K.) b2: An ass, (S, A, K,) i. e. a wild ass, (TA,) of a colour tinged with خُضْرَة [here meaning a dark, or an ashy, dust-colour]: (S, K:) or of a dustcolour suffused with خُضْرَة: (A:) or having a black line, or stripe, along the middle of the back: (Fr, S, K:) fem. خَطْبَآءُ, applied to a she-ass; (Fr, S;) and likewise to a she-camel. (S, A.) b3: See also خُطْبَةٌ. b4: حَمَامَةٌ خَطْبَآءُ القَمِيصِ [A pigeon of the colour termed خُطْبَةٌ]. (A.) b5: يَدٌ خَطْبَآءُ, (K,) and أَنَامِلُ خُطْبٌ, (TA, [خُطْبٌ being the pl.,]) [A hand, and fingers' ends,] of which the darkness of the dye imparted by حِنَّآء has faded: (K, TA:) and in like manner the epithet [أَخْطَبُ] is sometimes applied to the hair. (TA.) One says also اِمْرَأَةٌ خَطْبَآءُ الشَّفَتَيْنِ [A woman pale in the lips; whose lips have lost their deep red hue]. (A.) b6: حَنْظَلٌ أَخْطَبُ, (K,) or ↓ خُطْبَانٌ, (S,) Colocynths that are yellow, (S,) with green stripes: (S, K:) fem. (applied to a single colocynth, which is termed حَنْظَلَةٌ, TA) خَطْبَآءُ, with which ↓ خُطْبَانَةٌ is syn.: the pl. [or rather coll. gen. n.] of this last [or pl. of أَخْطَبُ] is ↓ خُطْبَانٌ, and ↓ خِطْبَانٌ, which is extr. [with respect to rule]. (K.) And ↓ خُطْبَانٌ (a pl. of أَخْطَبُ, JK) also signifies Green leaves of the سَمُر. (JK, K.) b7: الأَخْطَبُ The [bird called] شَقِرَّاق; (S, Mgh, Msb, K;) called in Persian, accord. to a marginal note in a copy of the S, كَاسْكِينَةْ: (TA:) or the [bird called] صُرَد; (S, Mgh, Msb, K;) because it has a mixture of black and white. (TA.) b8: And The صَقْر [or hawk]. (K.) b9: And A certain creeping thing (دُوَيْبَّة) of a green colour, longer than the locust, having six legs; called in Persian شش پايه, and سبوشكنك. (Mgh.) أَخْطَبَانُ a [proper] name of A certain bird; (K, TA;) so called because of a خُطْبَة, i. e. خُضْرَة, in its wings. (TA.) مَخْطَبٌ: see خُطْبَةٌ.

مَخْطَبَةٌ: see خُطْبَةٌ.

مَخَاطِبُ: see خُطْبَةٌ.

وقص

1 وَقَصَ عُنُقَهَ, (Ks, S, K,) and الشَّىْءَ, (A'Obeyd, TA,) aor. ـِ (Ks, S, K,) inf. n. وَقْصٌ, (Ks, S, Mgh,) He broke his neck, (Ks, S, Mgh, K,) and the thing. (A'Obeyd, TA.) You say also, وَقَصَتْ بِهِ رَاحِلَتُهُ [His riding-camel, or she-camel, broke its neck]: (S, K:) like as you say, خُذِ الخِطَامَ and خُذْ بِالخِطَام: (S:) and وَقَصَتِ النَّاقَةُ بِرَاكِبِهَا The she-camel threw her rider and broke his neck. (Msb.) And وُقِصَ He had his neck broken; (S, K;) said of a man; (S:) [and also] said of a camel, signifying, he became diseased in his back, and without motion: and in like manner said of the neck, and of the back. (Khálid Ibn-Jembeh.) And وَقَصْتُ رَأْسَهُ I pressed, or squeezed, his head; sometimes meaning, so as to break the neck. (TA.) b2: [Hence,] وَقَصَ الدَّيْنُ عُنُقَهُ (tropical:) Debt [oppressed him as though it] broke his neck. (TA.) b3: [Hence also,] الفَرَسُ يَقِصُ الإِكَامَ (tropical:) The horse bruises the hills, or rising grounds: (S, K:) or breaks the summits thereof: (A:) and in like manner one says of a she-camel. (TA.) b4: You say also, الدَّابَّةُ تَذُبُّ بِذَنَبِهَا فَتَقِصُ عَنْهَا الذُّبَابَ (tropical:) The beast of carriage beats off from her with her tail, and kills, the flies. (TA.) A2: وَقَصَتِ العُنُقُ The neck broke: thus the verb is intrans. as well as trans.: (K:) or, accord. to Ks, one does not say this: (S:) i. e., one only says of the neck وُقِصَت, using the pass. form. (TA.) A3: وَقِصَ, (S, K,) aor. ـْ (S,) inf. n. وَقَصٌ, (S, A, Mgh, K,) He (a man, S) was short in the neck. (S, A, Mgh, K.) 2 وقّص عَلَى نَارِهِ, (S, A,) inf. n. تَوْقِيصٌ, (TA,) He threw fragments, or broken pieces, of sticks upon his fire: (S, * A:) or he broke in pieces sticks upon his fire. (TA.) 4 اوقصهُ He (God) made him to be short in the neck. (S, K.) 5 توقّص (tropical:) He went a pace between that called العَنَق and that called الخَبَب; (K;) falling short of the latter, but exceeding the former, and removing his legs as in the pace called الخبب, excepting that they were nearer to the ground, and throwing himself [forward]: (AO:) or he trod vehemently in going, (K, TA,) with short steps, (TA,) as though breaking what was beneath him: (K, TA:) or he (a horse) bounded (As, S, A) in his running, (As,) making short steps, (As, S, A,) as though breaking his steps. (A.) You say, مَرَّ فُلَانٌ يَتَوَقَّصُ بِهِ فَرَسُهُ Such a one passed along, his horse bounding, and making short steps, with him. (S.) 6 تواقص He made himself like, or imitated, him who is short in the neck: (K:) said of a man. (TA.) Hence, تَوَاقَصَ عَلَى بُرْدَتِهِ كَىْ لَا تَسْقط He bent and shortened himself to hold on his بُرْدَة with his neck, that it might not fall. (TA, from a trad.) وَقْصٌ: see what next follows.

وَقَصٌ (tropical:) Fragments, or broken pieces, of sticks, which are thrown upon, (S,) or into, (K,) a fire: (S, K:) or small pieces of fire-wood with which a fire is made to burn more vehemently; (A, TA;) as also وَقَشٌ: so, says Aboo-Turáb, I heard Mubtekir say. (TA.) A2: Also, sing. of أَوْقَاصٌ, as used in relation to the [tax called صَدَقَة; signifying (tropical:) What is between one فِرِيضَة and the next فَرِيضَة: (S, K:) as, for instance, when camels amount in number to five, one sheep or goat is to be given for them; and nothing is to be given for such as exceed that number until they amount to ten: thus, what is between the five and the ten is termed وَقَصٌ: (S:) sometimes pronounced ↓ وَقْصٌ: (Msb:) and in like manner, شَنَقٌ: (S:) or (accord. to some of the learned, S) وقص relates to bulls and cows particularly, (S, Mgh, Msb,) or to these and to sheep and goats, (Msb,) and شنق [q. v.] to camels: (S, Mgh, Msb:) both signifying what is between one فريضة and the next: (S, Mgh, Msb: *) or, accord. to Aboo-'Amr, (Mgh, L,) i. e. Esh-Sheybánee, (L,) وَقَصٌ signifies camels for which it is incumbent to give sheep or goats in payment of the صَدَقَة, (Mgh, L,) when the camels are between five and twenty in number; (L;) but some disapprove of this: (Mgh, L:) accord. to IB, it signifies sheep or goats taken in payment of the صَدَقَة for camels. (L.) A3: You also say, صَارُوا أَوْقَاصًا (assumed tropical:) They became scattered, or dispersed: and أَتَانَا أَوْقَاصٌ مِنْ بَنِى فُلَانٍ (assumed tropical:) There came to us separate portions of the tribe of the sons of such a one: (Ibn-'Abbád, K: *) اوقاص in these cases being a pl., [namely of وَقَصٌ,] like

أَسْبَابٌ, pl. of سَبَبٌ. (TA.) وَقِيصَةٌ: see مَوْقُوصٌ.

وَاقِصَةٌ: see مَوْقُوصٌ.

أَوْقَصُ A man (S, Mgh) short in the neck; (S, A, Mgh, K;) naturally so: (TA:) or having the neck inclining and short: (A'Obeyd, TA:) fem. وَقْصَآءُ. (A, TA.) A2: خُدْ أَوْقَصَ الطَّرِيقَيْنِ (tropical:) Take thou the nearer of the two ways: (Ibn-'Abbád, K: *) or shorter thereof. (A, TA.) مَوْقُوصٌ A man (S) having his neck broken: (S, K:) and so مَوْقُوصُ العُنُقِ: (A:) the fem. is with ة: and ↓ وَاقِصَةٌ occurs in the sense of مَوْقُوصَةٌ in a trad. of 'Alee, in which he is said to have given judgment in the case of the قَارِصَة and the قَامِصَة and the ↓ وَاقِصَة, that the price of blood, or fine for homicide, should be paid in thirds; these being three girls, who were playing together, and mounted, one upon another; and the lowest pinched the middle one, who thereupon leaped off, so that the uppermost fell, and her neck broke; wherefore he imposed a third of the fine for the killing of the uppermost upon the lowest, and the like upon the middle one, annulling the third of the uppermost because she aided against herself: (Mgh, TA, in art. قرص, and Msb,) here, [accord. to those who hold that وَقَصَ is trans. only,] ↓ واقصة is like رَاضِيَةٌ, in the phrase عِيشَةٌ رَاضِيَةٌ; (TA, in art. قرص and in the present art.;) and is used in the place of موقوصة for the sake of agreement in form with the two other epithets: (Mgh, in art. قرص, and Msb:) ↓ وَقِيصَةٌ, also, signifies having her neck broken; and its pl. is وَقَائِصُ. (Meyd, as in Freytag's Lex., excepting that the pl. is there written وَقَايِصُ.) You say also عُنُقٌ مَوْقُوصَةٌ A broken neck. (Msb.) And مَوْقُوصٌ is also applied to a camel, signifying, Become diseased in his back, and without motion. (Khálid Ibn-Jembeh.)

رهو

1 رَهَا بَيْنَ رِجْلَيْهِ, aor. ـْ (AO, JK, S,) inf. n. رَهْوٌ, (AO, S, K,) He parted, or made an opening between, his legs: (AO, S, K:) or he parted widely, or made a wide opening between, his legs. (JK.) Hence the saying in the Kur [xliv. 23], وَ اتْرُكِ البَحْرَ رَهْوًا [expl. in art. ترك, and below]. (S.) b2: رَهْوٌ also signifies The going easily: (S, K:) one says, جَآءَتِ الخَيْلُ رَهْوًا [The horses, or horsemen, came pacing along easily]: and accord. to IAar, رَهَا فِى السَّيْرِ, aor. as above, mean He was gentle in going, or pace: (S:) or, as some say, رَهْوٌ in going, or pace, is the being soft, or gentle, with continuance: (TA:) or the going along quietly: (JK:) and one says, جَآءَتِ الإِبِلُ رَهْوًا, meaning The camels came following one another. (TA.) Also The going lightly: (JK:) you say, رَهَتْ, aor. and inf. n. as above, They, [i. e. camels or the like,] or she, went lightly. (TA.) And The going vehemently. (TA.) [Thus it has two contr. significations.]

b3: Also The being still, quiet, motionless, calm, allayed, or assuaged. (K, TA.) You say, رَهَا البَحْرُ The sea became still, or calm. (S.) and رَهَا الحَرُّ The heat became allayed, or assuaged. (TA.) Hence some explain وَ اتْرُكِ البَحْرَ رَهْوًا [mentioned above] as meaning And leave thou the sea motionless, or calm: some, as meaning dry. (TA.) And you say, اِفْعَلْ ذٰلِكَ رَهْوًا Do thou that quietly, or calmly. (S.) And فَعَلَ ذٰلِكَ سَهْوًا رَهْوًا He did that quietly, or calmly, without being hard, or difficult: (TA:) or voluntarily; without its being asked, or demanded; (K and TA in art. سهو;) and without constraint. (TA in that art.) And أَعْطَيْتُهُ رَهْوًا I gave to him voluntarily; without being asked; or without con straint. (JK.) b4: رَهَا, (JK, TA) aor. as above, (TA,) inf. n. رَهْوٌ, (JK, K,) said of a bird, He spread his wings, (JK, K, TA,) without flapping them. (JK.) 3 راهاهُ, (K,) inf. n. مُرَاهَاةٌ, (TA,) He ap proached it, or drew near to it. (K, TA.) [App. a dial. var. of رَاهَقَهُ, which is better known.] Yousay, رَاهَيْتُ الاِحْتِلَامَ I approached, or drew near to, puberty, or virility. (JK.) A2: Also He aided him in his foolishness, or stupidity; syn. حَامَقَهُ. (K, TA: in the CK جَامَعَهُ.) 4 ارهى He found, or met with, a wide, or an ample, place. (M, K.) b2: He took to wife a woman wide in the vulva. (K, * TA.) b3: He continued the food to his guests by reason of liberality. (TA.) And أَرْهَيْتُ لَهُمُ الطَّعَامَ وَ الشَّرَابَ I continued to them the food and the beverage; (Yaakoob, S, K;) like أَرْهَنْتُ. (S.) b4: He did well: they say to the shooter, or thrower, when he does ill, أَرْهِهْ, i. e. Do thou well. (TA.) b5: أَرْهِ عَلَى نَفْسِكَ Be gentle with, or to, thyself: (S, K, TA;) [in the CK ارْهُ; and (hence, perhaps,) thus in the printed edition of Har, p. 498; where it is said to be from رها فى السير, meaning رفق: but the right reading is أَرْهِ, for] one says also مَا أَرْهَيْتَ إِلَّا عَلَى

نَفْسِكَ Thou wast not, or hast not been, gentle, save with, or to, thyself: (TA:) or thou didst not show, or hast not shown, mercy, save to thyself. (JK.) b6: ارهى لَكَ الشَّىْءُ The thing became, or has become, within thy power, or reach; or possible, or practicable, to thee. (TA.) b7: and أَرْهَيْتُهُ لَكَ I made it, or have made it, to be within thy power, or reach; or possible, or practicable, to thee. (TA.) b8: مَا أَرْهَيْتُهُ I did not leave it still, or motionless: and أَرْهِ ذَاكَ Leave thou that until it become still, or motionless. (TA.) A2: He kept continually, or constantly, to the eating of the [رَهْو, or species of crane called] كُرُكِىّ. (K.) 6 تَرَاهَيَا, (JK, K,) inf. n. تَرَاهٍ, (JK,) They two made peace, or became reconciled, each with the other; syn. تَوَادَعَا. (JK, K, TA: in the CK توارعا.) 9 اِرْتَهَوْا They became commingled, confounded, or confused. (K.) A2: Also, (K,) or ارتهوا رَهِيَّةً, (TA,) They made رَهِيَّة; i. e. they took ears of corn, and rubbed them with their hands, then bruised, or pounded, them, and poured milk thereon, and then cooked this mixture. (K, TA.) رَهْوٌ inf. n. of 1. (S, K, &c.) b2: Also An intervening space (JK, TA) between two things, (JK,) as, for instance, between the two humps of a camel of the species termed فَالِج. (TA.) b3: A place where water remains and collects or stagnates: (JK, TA:) a جَوْبَة [i. e. a depressed place, or a hollow, or an excavation, or such as is round and wide,] in the place of abode of a people, into which flows the rain-water or other fluid: (A 'Obeyd, S:) or, as also ↓ رَهْوَةٌ, a depressed place (S, K) in which water collects: (S:) and, both words, an elevated place: thus they have two contr. significations: (S, K:) or ↓ رَهْوَةٌ signifies an elevation like a hillock, upon a hard and elevated, or an elevated and plain, tract of ground, or upon a mountain, (JK, TA,) where hawks and eagles alight: (TA:) or a hillock inclining to softness, two or three cubits in height, but only in a soft tract of ground, and in hard, or hard and level, ground consisting of earth, mould, or clay; not upon a mountain: (TA:) [and accord. to some, it signifies a mountain itself; for] Ghatafán are called in a trad. تَنْبَعُ مَآءً ↓ رَهْوَةٌ, meaning a mountain welling forth water: or it means that in them were roughness and hardness: (TA:) the pl. [accord. to the S app. of رَهْوٌ, and accord. to the TA app. of ↓ رَهْوَةٌ, in each case agreeable with analogy,] is رِهَآءٌ. * (S, TA.) b4: [Also, accord. to Golius, as on the authority of the KL, A way through a market-place, at the sides of which sit the sellers: but not in my copy of the KL.]

A2: Also Wide, ample, or spacious. (TA.) b2: A well (بِئْرٌ) wide in the mouth. (TA.) b3: A woman (S) wide in the vulva; (Lth, ISh, S, K;) as also ↓ رَهْوَى (Lth, K) and ↓ رَهَآءٌ: (IAar, K:) [or] a woman who will not refrain from vitious conduct, or adultery, or fornication; as also ↓ رَهْوَى: (JK, TA:) or (TA) a woman that is not approved on the occasion of جِمَاع, (JK, TA,) because of her being wide [in the vulva]. (JK.) b4: A thing dispersed, or scattered. (TA.) b5: And sometimes, Quick, or swift. (TA.) b6: and Still, quiet, or motionless. (TA.) b7: And [hence, or مَطَرٌ رَهْوٌ,] A still rain. (TA.) A3: Also A company of men (JK, K, TA) following one another. (TA.) And غَارَةٌ رَهْوٌ [A company of horsemen making a raid, or an inroad, or incursion,] following one another. (TA.) And one says, النَّاسُ رَهْوٌ وَاحِدٌ مَا بَيْنَ كَذَا وَ كَذَا i. e. مُتَنَاظِرُونَ [app. meaning The people are disposed consecutively in one double rank, partly such and partly such, facing one another]. (TA.) A4: Also A certain species of bird; as some say, (S,) the [species of crane called] كُرْكِىّ: (JK, S, K, TA:) or a certain aquatic bird resembling the كركىّ: (TA:) pl. رِهَآءٌ. (JK.) A5: And A headcovering which is next to the head, and which very soon becomes dirty. (TA.) رَهْوَةٌ A state of elevation: and a state of depression: thus having two contr. significations. (TA.) b2: See also the next preceding paragraph, in four places.

رَهْوَى: see رَهْوٌ, as applied to a woman, in two places: b2: and see also مِرْهَاةٌ.

رَهْوَانٌ A depressed piece of land or ground. (TA.) b2: And applied to A بِرْذَون [or horse for ordinary use and for journeying] that has an easy back in going along: a genuine Arabic word: (TA:) or رَهَوَانٌ [thus I find it written, but it is commonly pronounced رَهْوَان, or رَحْوَان with ح,] is a vulgar term applied to a pacing horse. (MF voce هِمْلَاجٌ.) رَهَآءٌ A wide place. (K.) b2: A wide tract of land: (S, TA:) or what is wide of land: (M, TA:) [or] an even tract of land, seldom free from the سَرَاب [or mirage]: (JK, TA:) and what is even of anything. (TA.) b3: See also رَهْوٌ, as applied to a woman.

A2: It is also [app. A hue, or a haze,] like dust-colour and smoke. (TA.) رَهِيَّةٌ Wheat which is ground between two stones, and upon which milk is poured: (M, TA:) or ears of corn rubbed with the hands, then bruised, or pounded, and then milk is poured thereon, and it is cooked. (K.) رَاهٍ A life (عَيْشٌ) ample in its means or circumstances, unstraitened, or plentiful, easy, pleasant, soft, or delicate; (S, K;) and quiet, or calm. (S.) Easy; as an epithet applied to a [journey such as is termed] خِمْس. (S.) And Anything still, or motionless; as also رَآءٍ. (TA.) b2: طَعَامٌ رَاهٍ

Food that continues, or is permanent; like رَاهِنٌ: (AA, S:) and [in like manner (see رَاهِنٌ)] the fem. of each, with ة, is applied to wine. (S.) [Freytag adds, “Inde dicitur راهى الاباجل Celer de equo: ” but راهى is here a mistranscription for وَاهِى: see أَبْجَلُ.]

رَاهِيَةٌ [the epithet رَاهٍ converted by the affix ة into a subst.,] A bee; because of its quiet manner of flying. (JK, K.) فَرَسٌ مِرْهَاةٌ, with kesr, (K, TA,) like مِسْحَاةٌ [in form], (TA,) or مِرْهَآءٌ, (JK, and so in the CK, [like مِرْخَــآءٌ in form, and, as most explain the latter, similar also in meaning, whence it seems that مِرْهَآءٌ is the more probably correct,]) A quick, swift, or fleet, mare: (JK, * K, TA:) pl. مَرَاهِى, (JK, K,) [or rather مَرَاهٍ if the sing. be مِرْهَاةٌ, and مَرَاهِىّْ if the sing. be مِرْهَآءٌ,] like مَسَاحِى [or rather مَسَاحٍ], (TA,) or like مَرَاخِى [or rather مَرَاخِىّْ, pl. of مِرْخَــآءٌ]: (JK:) but in the M, it is ↓ رَهْوَى, [app. meaning that the sing. is thus,] like سَكْرَى; and in like manner in the Tekmileh and the JM. (TA.)

عطب

1 عَطِبَ, (S, A, Mgh, O, Msb, K,) aor. ـَ (A, Mgh, Msb, K,) inf. n. عَطَبٌ, (S, * Mgh, * O, * Msb,) and مَعْطَبٌ also may be an inf. n. of the same, (Har p. 196,) He perished, or died: (S, A, Mgh, O, Msb, K:) [Freytag mentions عَطَبَ also in the same sense, as from the K, in which I do not find it:] it is said of a man, and of other than man: in a trad. it is said of seed-produce. (TA.) b2: And He (a camel, and a horse,) flagged, or became powerless: (K, TA:) or stopped with his master [or rider] from fatigue. (TA.) b3: and عَطِبَ عَلَيْهِ He was, or became, violently, (O,) or most violently, (K,) angry with him. (O, K.) A2: العَطْبُ signifies لِينُ القُطْنِ (O, * K) and الصُّوفِ, (O,) and نُعُومَتُهُ: (K:) you say, عَطَبَ, aor. ـُ (A, O, K,) inf. n. عَطْبٌ and عُطُوبٌ, (O,) It [i. e. cotton, and wool,] was, or became, soft. (A, O, * K. [See also عُطْبٌ, below.]) 2 تَعْطِيبٌ, (O, K,) inf. n. of عطّب, (TA,) signifies The brewing (عِلَاج) of beverage, or wine, in order that its odour may become good: (O, K:) so says Aboo-Sa'eed. (O.) The phrase رَحِيق مُعَطَّب occurs in a poem of Lebeed, as some relate it; but as others relate it, it is مُقَطَّب, which means “ mixed: ” (O, TA:) so says Az; and he adds, “I know not what مُعَطَّب is. ” (TA.) A2: Also, in a grape-vine, The appearing of the knots, or gems, in the places whence grow the bunches of grapes. (K.) 4 اعطبهُ He (a man, Msb), or it (calamity, A), destroyed him, or caused him to perish. (S, A, O, Msb, K.) 8 اعتطب النَّارَ He took fire in a portion of cotton: (A:) or اعتطب بِعُطْبَةٍ he took fire in a piece of rag (O, K) or a portion of cotton. (O.) عُطْبٌ and ↓ عُطُبٌ Cotton: (IAar, S, O, K:) and ↓ عُطْبَةٌ signifies a portion thereof, (S, A, O, TA,) or of wool. (TA.) [SM says,] In the T, العطب is said to mean لين القُطْنِ وَالصُّوفِ, [and so in the O, where it is written العَطْبُ, and said to be with fet-h,] and its n. un. is عطبة; but I have found it written with damm [to the ع]; therefore by لين seems to be meant لَيِّن [i. e. Such as is soft of cotton and of wool: which I think to be evidently a mistake: see 1]. (TA.) عَطِبٌ [Perishing, or dying]: see an ex., from a poet, voce رُبَّ.

عُطُبٌ: see عُطْبٌ.

عُطْبَةٌ: see عُطْبٌ. b2: Also A portion of rag by means of which fire is taken: (K:) or a portion of burning cotton (S, A, O) or rag: (S, O:) so in the saying, أَجِدُ رِيحَ عُطْبَةٍ [I perceive the odour of a portion of burning cotton or rag]. (S, A, O.) عَوْطَبٌ A calamity, or misfortune: (As, O, K:) from العَطَبُ [inf. n. of عَطِبَ]. (As, TA.) b2: And The main part, or fathomless deep, of the sea: (As, K:) likewise from العَطَبُ: (As, TA:) and so عَوْبَطٌ, (K in art. عبط,) formed by transposition: (TA ibid.:) or the deepest place in the sea: (IAar, O:) or a depressed part between two waves. (IAar, O, K.) أَعْطَبُ More [and most] soft: so in the saying, هٰذَا الكَبْشُ أَعْطَبُ مِنْ هٰذَا [This ram is more soft in his wool than this]. (O.) مَعْطَبٌ A place of perdition or destruction: pl. مَعَاطِبُ. (S, O, Msb.) [See also 1, first sentence.]

مُعْطِبٌ One who scants his household; syn. مُقْتِرٌ. (O, K.)

علث

1 عَلَثَهُ, aor. ـِ (K,) inf. n. عَلْثٌ, (S, O,) to which غَلْثٌ is like in its meanings (K and TA in art. غلث) for the most part, (TA in that art.,) He mixed it; (S, * O, * K, TA;) as also ↓ علّثهُ, inf. n. تَعْلِيثٌ; and ↓ اعتلثهُ. (TA.) You say, عَلَثْتُ البُرَّ بِالشَّعِيرِ, aor. as above, I mixed the wheat with the barley. (S, O.) b2: Also, (K, TA,) aor. as above, (TA,) and so the inf. n., (O, TA,) He collected it together, (O, * K, TA,) from different places. (TA.) A2: عَلَثَ السِّقَآءَ He tanned the [skin called] سقاء with the أرْطَى [q. v.], (K,) or with any of the trees of the kind called عَلَث [q. v.]: accord. to AHn, it is with غ [i. e. غَلَثَ]. (TA.) [But مَغْلُوثٌ, with غ, is expl. on the authority of ISk, as meaning, applied to a سقاء, “ Tanned with dry, or with unripe, dates. ”]

A3: عَلَثَ, (S, O, K, TA,) [or, perhaps, عَلِثَ, like غَلِثَ,] as also ↓ اعتلث, (TA,) said of a زَنْد [or piece of stick, or wood, for producing fire], It failed to produce fire, (S, O, K, TA,) and was difficult to use: and the subst. is ↓ عُلَاثٌ [app. meaning The quality of failing to produce fire, &c.]. (L, TA.) A4: عَلَثٌ The fighting vehemently, and cleaving to fight: (S, O, K:) and so غَلَثٌ. (S, O.) One says, عَلِثَ القَوْمُ, aor. ـَ inf. n. عَلَثٌ, The people, or party, fought one another [or did so vehemently and perseveringly]: and عَلِثَ بَعْضُ القَوْمِ بِبَعْضٍ [One portion of the people, or party, fought another portion vehemently and perseveringly]. (TA.) And عَلِثَ الذِّئْبُ بِالغَنَمِ The wolf kept to worrying the sheep or goats. (L. [And so غَلِثَ.]) 2 عَلَّثَ see 1, first sentence. b2: [The inf. n.] تَعْلِيثٌ also signifies Confusion of mind: or, as some say, the beginning of pain. (TA. [See also 2 in art. غلث; and see مُغَلِّثٌ, with غ.]) 4 أَعْلَثَ see 8.5 تعلّث He, or it, clung, clave, or held fast, (O, K, TA,) بِهِ to it [or him]. (TK. [See also 5 in art. غلث.]) A2: Also He made, or did, [a thing] faultily, or unsoundly. (O, K.) [Accord. to the TK, one says, تعلّث السَّهْمَ, meaning He made the arrow faultily, or unsoundly: but this is perhaps a mistake: see 8.] b2: And i. q. تَمَحَّلَ: (K:) Fr says, تَعَلَّثْتُ لَهُ الذُّنُوبَ is like تَمَحَّلْتُ [app. meaning I laboured, and exercised art or management, in seeking to do to him misdeeds: see art. محل]. (O.) 8 إِعْتَلَثَ see 1, first sentence. You say, اعتلث العُلَاثَةَ He (a man) mixed the [mess called] عُلَاثَة [q. v.]. (As, O.) b2: And اعتلث زَنْدًا He took a زَنْد [or piece of stick, or wood, for producing fire] from trees, without knowing whether or not it would produce fire: (S, O, K:) or he acted unskilfully in selecting a زند: (A:) or he took, or made, for himself a زند from any tree that he found in his way: and so اغتلث, with غ. (AHn, TA.) and one says, فُلَانٌ يَعْتَلِثُ الزِّنَادَ meaning (assumed tropical:) Such a one does not select his مَنْكِح [or wife]: (S, A, * O, K: *) in which sense also يغتلث is a dial. var.: (TA:) and in like manner one says اعتلث [alone], and ↓ أَعْلَثَ. (So in a copy of the A. [But I doubt the correctness of the latter verb; and the more so as it is not quite clear whether it be meant to be expl. as having this meaning, or as meaning It (a زَنْد) failed to produce fire, and therefore, perhaps, a mistranscription for عَلَثَ.]) b3: and اعتلث السَّهْمَ He took [or made] the arrow from any of the trees that were before him. (L.) and He made the arrow faultily, or unsoundly. (L, TA. [See also 5.]) A2: See also 1, latter half.

عَلْثٌ [originally an inf. n.] A mixture; as also ↓ عُلَاثَةٌ. (TA.) عَلَثٌ What is mixed with wheat &c., of those things that are taken forth and thrown away. (TA. [It is used in this sense in the present day; as also غَلَثٌ.]) b2: See also عَلِيثٌ. b3: Also a term applied to The [trees, or plants, called]

طَرْفَآء and أَثْل [or أَسَل (see غَلَثٌ)] and حَاج and يَنْبُوت and عِكْرِش: pl. أَعْلَاثٌ. (TA. [See also أَغْلَاثٌ, which is somewhat similarly explained.]) b4: And A زَنْد [or piece of stick, or wood, for producing fire] that has not produced fire. (A.) And الأَعْلَاثُ [or أَعْلَاثُ الشَّجَرِ] signifies [also] The promiscuous pieces of trees that one uses for producing fire, of the [trees called] مَرْخ, and of such as are dried up. (S, O, K.) b5: And أَعْلَاثُ الزَّادِ Such things as are eaten without being selected, of travelling-provisions. (O, K.) عَلِثٌ One whose origin is referred to a person who is not his father [or forefather], (O, K, TA,) his lineage being confused; (TA;) as also ↓ مُعْتَلِثٌ. (O, K.) A2: Also Firm, or constant, in fight. (TA.) [رَجُلٌ عَلِثٌ is expl. in the O by the words مُلَازِمٌ لِمَنْ يُطَالِبُ, and in like manner العَلِثُ is expl. in the K; app. meaning A man cleaving, or holding fast, applied to such as is seeking, or demanding, blood-revenge, or a debt or the like; agreeably with what here immediately precedes, and with the explanation in the L, which is, مُلَازِمٌ أَىْ طَالِبٌ فِى قِتَالٍ أَوْ غَيْرِهِ cleaving, or holding fast, i. e. seeking, or demanding, in fight or in some other case. See عَلِثَ, of which عَلِثٌ is the part. n.: and see also غَلثٌ.]

عُلْثَةٌ, with damm, (K, but written in the O عَلْثَة,) i. q. عُلْقَةٌ [most probably, I think, in the sense in which this is used in the phrase لِى فِى

هٰذَا المَالِ عُلْقَةٌ (q. v.), from تَعَلَّثَ in the first of the senses assigned to it above, syn. with تَعَلَّقِ]. (O, K.) عَلْثَى Food having poison mixed with it, by which vultures are killed: mentioned by Kr: and غَلْثَى is a dial. var. thereof. (TA.) عُلَاثٌ: see عُلَاثَةٌ: A2: and see also, 1, latter half.

عَلِيثٌ Bread made of barley and wheat: (S, O, K:) and so غَلِيثٌ. (S, O.) And خَمِيرٌ عَلِيثٌ Bread made of barley and [the grain called]

سُلْت. (TA, from a trad.) b2: And Wheat mixed with barley; (Az, TA;) as also ↓ عَلَثٌ and ↓ عَلِيثَةٌ: or, accord. to Abu-l-Jarráh, barley and wheat mixed together for sowing and then reaped together. (TA.) عُلَاثَةٌ Clarified butter, (S, O, K, TA,) or oliveoil, (TA,) and [the preparation of curd called]

أَقِط, mixed together: (S, O, K, TA:) and any two things mixed together: (S, O, K:) pl. [or rather coll. gen. n.] ↓ عُلَاثٌ. (O.) See also عَلْثٌ. b2: Also A man who collects from various places. (O, K.) عَلِيثَةٌ: see عَلِيثٌ.

مُعْتَلَثُ الزِّنَادِ [evidently, I think, a mistranscription, correctly ↓ مُعْتَلِث,] A man whose زِنَاد [pl. of زَنْدٌ] fail to produce fire. (L.) b2: See also the following paragraph.

مُعْتَلِثٌ: see عَلِثٌ: b2: and see the next preceding paragraph. b3: Also, (O, * L, [thus in the latter, with kesr to the ل, but in the former without any vowel-sign to that letter, perhaps from اِعْتَلَثَ الزَّنْدُ, but more probably ↓ مُعْتَلَثٌ, from اعتلث السَّهْمَ,]) An arrow in which is no good. (O, L.)