جثم
1 جَثَمَ,
aor. ـِ (
S,
Mgh,
Msb,
K) and جَثُمَ, (
S,
K,) inf. جُثُومٌ (
S,
Mgh,
Msb,
K) and جَثْمٌ, (
K,) said of a bird, (
S,
Mgh,
Msb,
K,) and of a hare, and sometimes of a gazelle, (
Msb,) or of a [young gazelle such as is termed] خَشْف, (
K,) and of a camel, (
Msb,
K,) and a jerboa, (
K,) and a man, (
S,
K,) He clave to the ground: (
S,
K:) or kept to his place, not quitting it: (
K:) or fell upon his breast: (
Msb, *
K:) جُثُومٌ in the case of a bird and a hare is like بُرُوكٌ in the case of a camel: (
Msb:) or in the case of a bird it is like جُلُوسٌ in the case of a man [so that the verb means he sat]. (
Mgh.)
b2: Also, (
K,)
aor. ـِ (
TA,) said of seed-produce, It rose a little from the ground. (
K, *
TA.)
b3: Also, (
AHn,
K,)
aor. ـُ (
AHn,
TA,)
inf. n. جُثُومٌ, said of a raceme of a palm-tree, Its unripe, or ripening, dates became somewhat large: (
AHn,
K: *) or it became large, and kept its place. (
T,
TA.)
b4: Also,
inf. n. جُثُومٌ, said of the night, (assumed
tropical:) It became half spent. (
Th,
K,
TA.)
A2: جَثَمَ also signifies He collected clay, or mould, and earth, or dust, and ashes. (
K.) 2 جثّم, (
S,
Mgh,)
inf. n. تَجْثِيمٌ, (
KL,) [He made a bird, and a hare, and the like, to cleave to the ground, then to be shot at, or cast at, and so killed: see مُجَثَّةٌ:] he kept, or held, a bird confined, that it might [be shot at, or cast at, and] die: (
KL:) he turned an animal on his side to be slaughtered. (Golius, as from the
KL, but not in my copy of that work.) 5 تجثّم He (a bird) mounted his female for the purpose of copulation. (
TA.) جَثْمٌ Seed-produce rising a little from the ground; as also ↓ جَثَمٌ. (
K, *
TA.)
b2: A raceme of a palm-tree having its unripe, or ripening, dates becoming somewhat large. (
K, *
TA.) جَثَمٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.
جُثَمٌ: see جَثَّامَةٌ:
b2: and جُثَامٌ.
جَثْمَةٌ: see جُثُومٌ.
جُثْمَةٌ Clay, or mould, and earth, or dust, and ashes, collected. (
K.) جَثَمَةٌ: see جُثُومٌ.
جُثَمَةٌ: see جَثَّامَةٌ:
b2: and جُثَامٌ.
جُثْمَانٌ The body, with the limbs or members;
syn. جِسْمٌ: and
i. q. شَخْصٌ [
app. as meaning a person; not, as
J seems to have held, a corporeal, or material, form or thing or substance, such as is seen from a distance; see جِسْمٌ]: (
K:) or,
accord. to
As, it has the latter meaning,
i. q. شَخْصٌ; and جُسْمَانٌ has the former meaning, that of جِسْمٌ (
S,
Msb) and جَسَدٌ: (
Msb:) or,
accord. to
Az, جُثْمَانٌ is
syn. with جُسْمَانٌ, (
S,
Msb,) i. e. جَسَدٌ. (
S.) One says, مَا أَحْسَنَ جُثْمَانَ الرَّجُلِ and جُسْمَانَهُ, meaning [How goodly, or beautiful, is] the body, or person, of the man ! (
Az,
S.)
J cites, as an
ex. of this word in the sense of شخص, from a verse of Bishr, سَنَامٌ كَجُثْمَانِ البَنِيِّةِ أَتْلَعَا observing that by البنيّة is meant the Kaabeh: but
IB says that the right reading, as found in his poetry, is البَلِيَّةِ, and أَتْلَعُ; and that the meaning is, A [long] hump like the جثمان [or body] of the she-camel that is placed [and confined without food or water until she dies] at the grave of a dead man. (
TA.) One says also, جَآءَنَا بِثَرِيدٍ
كَجُثْمَانِ المَآءِ [He brought us crumbled bread moistened with broth and piled up, like the body of the bird of the kind called قَطًا]. (
S.) جُثْمَانِيَّةُ المَآءِ, as used in the saying of ElFarajeeyeh, (
K,) so in the copies of the
K, [or El-Faraheeyeh,
accord. to the
CK,] but correctly of El-Farezdak, (
TA,) وَبَاتَتْ بِجُثْمَانِيَّةِ المَآءِ نِيبُهَا
إِلَى ذَاتِ رَحْلٍ كَالْمَآتِمِ حُسَّرَا means The water itself: or the middle thereof: or the place where it collected. (
K TA.) [The poet says, And her aged she-camels passed the night in the water, &c., . . . . like the companies of mourning women having the head, or the face, &c., uncovered: but what is meant by الي ذات رحل, unless it be with one having a saddle upon her, إِلَى being sometimes used in the sense of مَعَ I am unable to conjecture. In the
CK, نَيْبَها and كالمٰاثِمِ are erroneously put for نِيبُهَا and كَالمَآتِمِ.]
جُثَامٌ Incubus, or nightmare; (
T,
K;) what comes upon a man when he is sleeping; (
T,
TA;) what comes upon a man in the night, preventing him from speaking;
i. q. نَيْدُلَانٌ; (
IAar,
TA;) as also ↓ جَاثُومٌ (
T,
K) and ↓ جَثَّامَةٌ and ↓ جُثَمٌ and ↓ جُثَمَةٌ. (
T,
TA.) جَثُومٌ: see جَاثِمٌ.
b2: Hence, (assumed
tropical:) A hare. (
TA.) جُثُومٌ
pl. of جاثِمٌ [
q. v.]. (
TA.)
A2: Also A hill such as is called أَكَمَةٌ; and so ↓ جَثَمَةٌ (
K) and ↓ جَثْمَةٌ (
TA.) جَثَّامٌ: see جَاثِمٌ.
جَثَّامَةٌ: see جَاثِمٌ.
b2: Hence, (
tropical:) A man who keeps to the region of cities, towns, villages, or cultivated land, and does not travel: (
Msb:) a man who sleeps much, and does not travel; as also ↓ جُثَمَةٌ (
S,
K) and ↓ جُثَمٌ and ↓ جَاثُومٌ: (
K:) [see also جَاثِمَةٌ:] stupid, dull, wanting in intelligence; or not penetrating, sharp, vigorous, or effective, in the performing of affairs: and a forbearing, or clement, personage, chief, or man of rank or quality. (
K.)
b3: See also جُثَامٌ.
جَاثِمٌ A bird, (
Msb,
K,) and a hare, and sometimes a gazelle, (
Msb,) or a [young gazelle such as is termed] خِشْف, (
K,) and a camel, (
Msb,
K,) and a jerboa, and a man, (
K,) cleaving to the ground: or keeping to his place, not quitting it: (
K:) or falling upon his breast: (
Msb, *
K:) as also ↓ جَثُومٌ: (
K:) [or the latter] and ↓ جَثَّامٌ doing so much, or often: and ↓ جَثَّامَةٌ doing so very much, or very often: (
Msb:) and the first, also, sitting upon his legs like a bird:
pl. جُثُومٌ (
TA) [and جُثَّمٌ,
accord. to Freytag].
فَأَصْبَحُوا فِى دَارِهِمْ جَاثِمِينَ, in the
Kur [vii. 76, &c.], means [And they became, in their abode,] bodies cast upon the ground: (
TA:) or extinct, or motionless; and dead. (
Bd.)
b2: الجُثثومُ (
tropical:) The stars composing the constellation of the Scorpion; also called البُرُكُ: see بَرْكْ. (
L and
TA in art. برك.) جَاثِمَةٌ One who does not quit his house, or tent. (
Lth,
TA.) [See also جَثَّامَةٌ.]
جَاثُوُمٌ: see جَثَّامَةٌ:
b2: and جُثَامٌ.
مَجْثَمٌ [and مَجْثِمٌ A place where a bird, &c., cleaves to the ground: or to which it keeps: or where it falls upon its breast. And particularly,] The seat, or form, of a hare: (
TA:) [
pl. مَجَاثِمُ.]
مُجَثَّمَةٌ A bird, and a hare, and the like, that is confined or set up, to be killed; (
A'Obeyd,
S,
Mgh;) that is made to cleave to the ground (تُجَثَّمُ), and then shot at, or cast at, until it is killed; (
S,
Mgh;) which manner of killing is forbidden: (
S:) or any animal that is set up and shot at, or cast at, and [so] killed: (
A'Obeyd,
TA:) or a sheep, or goat, that is shot at with arrows: ('Ikrimeh,
Mgh:) or a sheep, or goat, that is stoned (
Sh,
Mgh,
TA) until it dies, and is then eaten. (
TA.) جثو and جثى 1 جَثَا and جَثَى (
S,
Msb,
K) عَلَى رُكْبَتَيْهِ, (
S,
Msb,)
aor. ـُ and 1َ2ِ3َ,
inf. n. جُثُوُّ and جُثِىُّ, (
S,
Msb,
K,) He sat upon his knees; (
K,
TA;) for the purpose of contention or disputation, or the like: (
TA:) or جثا [and جثى] he kneeled; put himself in a kneeling posture; which is the mode of sitting of him who is contending or disputing: (
Az,
Har p. 512:) [or he put down his knees upon the ground and raised his buttocks; i. e. he kneeled with his body and thighs erect, or nearly so : see جَاثٍ:] and جَثَا لِرُكْبَتِهِ he fell [upon his knee]; and جَثَوْا لِلرُّكَبِ [they fell upon the knees, and sank backwards so as to rest the body upon the keels or upon the left foot bent sideways beneath; for] جُثُوٌّ is the manner of sitting of the مُتَشَهِّد [in prayer]: (
Ham p. 287:) or جَثَا, (
K,
TA,)
inf. n. جَثْوٌ and جُثُوٌ, (
TA,) he stood upon the extremities of his toes; (
K;) like جَذَا; from which
AO reckons it to be formed by substitution [of ث for ذ]; but
IJ says that they are two
dial. vars. (
TA.) Aboo-Thumámeh says, أُخَاصِمُهُمْ مَرَّپً قَائِمًا وَأَجْثُو إِذَا مَا جَثَوْا لِلرُّكَبْ [I contending, or disputing, with them one time standing, and falling upon my knees when they fell upon their knees]. (
Ham p. 287.)
A2: جَثَوْتُ, (
Sgh,
K,)
inf. n. جَثْوٌ; (
TA;) and جَثَيْتُ, (
Sgh,
K,)
inf. n. جَثْىٌ; (
TA;) I collected camels, and sheep or goats. (
Sgh,
K.) 3 جَاَُيْتُ رُكْبَتِى إِلَى رُكْبَتِهِ, (
K, and so in some copies of the
S,) or جَاثَيْتُهُ رُكْبَتِى إِلَى رُكْبَتِهِ, (so in other copies of the
S,) [I sat, or sat with him, with my knee to his knee, each of us sitting upon his knees, in contending or disputing: see 1]: and جَاثَيْتُهُ alone, (
S voce حَاضَرْتُهُ,) [signifies the same,]
inf. n. مُجَاثَاةٌ (
K and
TA voce مُحَاَضرَةٌ) [and جِثَآءٌ: see also 6].
4 اجثاهُ (
S,
K) He made him to sit upon his knees: [see 1:] or he made him to stand upon the extremities of his toes. (
K.) 6 تَجَاثَوْا عَلَى الرُّكَب [They sat together upon their knees], (
S,
K,) in contending or disputing;
inf. n. مُجَاثَاةٌ and جِثَآءٌ, which are [properly
inf. ns. of 3, but are] thus used as
inf. ns. of a verb to which they do not conform. (
TA.)
b2: التَّجَاثِى فِى إِشَالَةِ الحَجَرِ is like التَّجَاذِ ى [The vying, one with another, in lifting the stone, for trial of strength]. (
TA.) جُثًا, or جُثًى, [
pl. of جُثْوَةٌ,
q. v.
A2: Also] A company, or congregated body, of men; (
TA;) or so ↓ جَثْوَةٌ (
Bd in xlv. 27) [or ↓ جُثْوَةٌ]: and companies, or congregated bodies, thereof. (
TA.) It has the former meaning in a
trad., where it is said, يَصِيرُونَ يَوْمَ القِيَامَةِ جُثًا كُلُّ أُمَّةٍ تَتْبَعُ نَبِيَّهَا [They shall become, on the day of resurrection, a company, or congregated body, each people following its prophet: or here the
pl. meaning is more reasonable]: and the latter in the
trad., فُلَانٌ مِنْ جُثَى جَهَنَّمَ [Such a one is of the companies, or congregated bodies, of Hell, or Hellfire],
accord. to one recital: otherwise, ↓ مِنْ جُثِىِّ جَهَنَّمَ of those that sit upon the knees therein. (
TA.)
A3: الجُثَا is also said to have been A certain idol, to which sacrifices were performed. (
TA.) جَثْوَةٌ: see what next follows, in two places:
b2: and see جُثًا.
جُثْوَةٌ and ↓ جِثْوَةٌ and ↓ جَثْوَةٌ Stones collected together: (
S,
K:) or the stones of earth collected together like the [mound over a] grave: and the first, a hillock: or a heap of earth: (
TA:) or collected earth: (
Ham p. 399:) or a quantity collected of earth &c.: (
Ham p. 381:) and (hence,
Ham p. 381) a grave: (
TA,
Ham pp. 381 and 399:)
pl. جُثًا, (
TA,
Ham p. 399,) or جُثْى. (
Ham ib.) It is said in a
trad., رَأَيْتُ قُبُورَ الشُّهَدَآءِ جُثًا I saw the tombs of the martyrs [to be] collections of earth. (
TA.) And جُثَى الحَرَمِ (
pl. of جُثْوَةٌ,
TA) and جِثَى الحَرَمِ (
pl. of ↓ جِثْوَةٌ,
TA) signify What are collected, in the sacred territory, of the stones of the جِمَار [or pebbles cast at Minè]: (
S:) or this is a mistake; (
K;) pointed out by
Sgh in the
TS: (
TA:) the meaning is, what are collected together of the stones that are set [in heaps] at the limits of the sacred territory: or the أَنْصَاب [or stones set up around the Kaabeh] upon which victims were slain in sacrifice. (
K,
TA.)
A2: Also
i. q. جَذْوَةٌ [A live coal; or piece of fire; &c.]: (
K:) or so ↓ جَثْوَةٌ and ↓ جَثْوَةٌ: (
TA:) or جثوةٌ مِنْ نَارٍ: (
Fr,
TA:) asserted by Yaakoob to be formed by substitution [of ث for ذ]. (
TA.)
A3: And The middle [of a thing]. (
IAar,
K,
TA: but omitted in the
CK and in a
MS. copy of the
K.)
A4: And The body, with the limbs or members;
syn. جَسَدٌ: (
K:) or so جُثْوَةٌ:
pl. جُثًى. (
Sh,
TA.)
b2: And جُثْوَةٌ, A great, or large, man. (
ISh,
TA.)
A5: See also جُثًا.
جِثْوَةٌ: see جُثْوَةٌ, in three places.
جَثَآءٌ
i. q. شَخْصٌ [
app. as meaning A person; or the body of a man, like جُثْوَةٌ and جُثَّةٌ]; as also ↓ جُثَآءٌ. (
Sgh,
K.)
b2: [And hence, perhaps,] Incubus, or nightmare. (
TA. [But in this sense it is written in the
TA جثا, without ء, and without any syll. sign.])
A2: Also
i. q. جَزَآءٌ [Requital, or compensation]. (
K.)
b2: And Quantity, measure, size, bulk, or extent; and amount, sum, or number, (
K,
TA,) as, for instance, of a people, or company of men. (
TA.) جُثَآءٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.
جَاثٍ Sitting upon his knees: or standing upon the extremities of his toes: (
K:) and [simply] sitting: or [kneeling with his body and thighs erect, or nearly so; i. e.] putting down his knees [upon the ground] and raising his buttocks: (
TA:) [see also 1, of which it is the part.
n.:]
pl. جُثِىٌ and جِثِىٌّ; (
K;) or these may be pls., like بُكىٌّ and بكىٌ, pls. of بَاك; or
inf. ns. used as epithets [as is indicated in the
S]. (
Er-Rághib,
TA.) You say قَوْمٌ جُثِىٌّ [A company of men sitting upon their knees]; (
S,
Msb;) like as you say جَلَسَ جُلُوسًا and قَوْمٌ جُلُوسٌ. (
S.) and hence, in the
Kur [xix. 73], وَنَذَرُ الظَّالِمِينَ فِيهَا جُثِيًّا, and جِثِيًّا also, with kesr to the ج because of the kesr of the letter following it, [And we will leave the wrongdoers therein, sitting upon their knees.] (
S.) And فُلَانٌ مِنْ جُثِىِّ جَهَنَّمَ: see جُثًا. (
TA.) And, in the
Kur [xlv. 27], وَتَرَي كُلَّ أُمَّةٍ جَاثِيَةً (
TA) And thou shalt see every people sitting upon the knees, (
Bd,
Jel,) in an upright posture, not at ease: (
Bd:) or congregated; (
Bd,
Jel;) from جَثْوَةٌ signifying “ a company,” or “ congregated body. ” (
Bd.) Whence, (
TA,) سُورَةُ الجَاثِيَةِ The [forty-fifth] chapter, of the
Kur-án, next after that called الدُّخَان. (
S,
TA.)
b2: [الجَاثِى, or الجَاثِى عَلَى رُكْبَتَيْهِ, (assumed
tropical:) The constellation Hercules.]
مَجْثًى A place of sitting upon the knees.]
