طوف

1 طَوڤفَ The inf. n. طَوَافٌ primarily signifies, accord. to Er-Rághib, The act of going, or walking, in an absolute sense: or the going, or walking, around, or otherwise. (MF, TA.) [Hence,] طَافَ حَوْلَ الشَّىْءِ, (S,) or بِالشَّىْءِ, (Msb,) or حَوْلَ الكَعْبَةِ, (O, K,) and بِهَا, (K,) aor. ـُ (S, O, Msb,) inf. n. طَوْفٌ (S, O, Msb, K) and طَوَافٌ (O, Msb, K, and mentioned also in the S but not there said to be an inf. n.) and طَوَفَانٌ, (S, O, K,) [and perhaps طُوفَانٌ, q. v.,] He went round or round about, circuited, or circuited around, or compassed, (Msb, TA,) the thing, (S, Msb,) or the Kaabeh; (O, K;) and so طَافَ, aor. ـِ (Msb; [but this I think doubtful;]) and ↓ تطوّف, (S, Msb, K,) and ↓ اِطَّوَّفَ, a variation of that next preceding, (Msb, TA,) inf. n. اِطِّوَّافٌ; (TA;) and ↓ استطاف, (S, Msb, K,) as also ↓ استطافهُ; (TA;) and بِهِ ↓ اطاف, (Msb,) or عَلَيْهِ; (TA;) and ↓ طوّف, inf. n. ↓ تَطْوِيفٌ; (K;) or this last signifies he did so much, or often. (S, TA.) And طاف بِالقَوْمِ, aor. ـُ inf. n. طَوْفٌ and طَوَفَانٌ and مَطَافٌ, He went round about [or round about among] the people, or party; as also ↓ اطاف: the aor. of the former verb occurs in the Kur lvi. 17 and lxxvi. 19, trans. by means of عَلَى. (TA.) and طُفْتُ بِهِ عَلَى البَيْتِ [I went round the House of God, i. e. the Kaabeh, with him; or] I made him to go round, or to circuit, or compass, the House. (Msb. [The vulgar in the present day say ↓ طَوَّفْتُهُ: and they apply the appellation ↓ مُطَوِّف to One who makes the circuits round the Kaabeh with a pilgrim, and serves to conduct him round about to the other sacred objects, or places.]) You say also, طاف فِى البِلَادِ, inf. n. طَوْفٌ and تَطْوَافٌ, He journeyed [or journeyed round about] in the countries, or tracts of country; and so [or as meaning he did so much or often] ↓ طوّف, inf. n. تَطْوِيفٌ and تَطْوَافٌ. (TA. [In one place in the TA, the latter inf. n. is said to be with kesr, so that it is like تِبْيَانٌ; but see this latter, which is very extr.: see also تِطْوَافٌ below.]) ↓ لَأَطُوفَنَّ طَوْفَهُ means the same as لَأَسْعَرَنَّ سَعْرَهُ [app. I will assuredly practise circumvention like his practising thereof]. (Fr, O and K in art. سعر, q. v.) b2: See also 4, in two places.

A2: طَافَ, (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K,) aor. as above, (S, O, Msb,) inf. n. طَوْفٌ, (S, Mgh, O, Msb,) from طَوْفٌ signifying غَائِطٌ; (S, O;) as also ↓ اِطَّافَ, (IAar, S, K, TA, [in the CK, erroneously, اطَّأَفَ,]) He voided his excrement, or ordure; (Mgh, Msb; *) or he went away (S, O, K) to the field, or open tract, (S, O,) to void his excrement, or ordure. (S, O, K.) 2 طَوَّفَ see 1, in three places. b2: You say also, طوّف النَّاسُ, and الجَرَادُ, The men, or people, and the locusts, filled the land like the طُوفَان [or flood]. (TA.) 4 أَطْوَفَ see 1, in two places. b2: اطاف بِالشَّىْءِ signifies also He, or it, surrounded, or encompassed, the thing. (Msb.) b3: And اطاف بِهِ He came to him; visited him; or alighted at his abode as a guest; syn. أَلَمَّ بِهِ: and he approached him; or drew, or was, or became, near to him; syn. قَارَبَهُ. (S, K.) [And] طَافَ ↓ بِالنِّسَآءِ , aor. ـُ and اطاف; He came to women, or the women; visited them; or alighted at their abodes as a guest; syn. أَلَمَّ (Msb.) And اطاف بِهِ and عَلَيْهِ He came to him by night: and sometimes improperly used as meaning by day: a poet says, أَطَفْتُ بِهَا نَهَارًا غَيْرَ لَيْلٍ وَأَلْهَى رَبَّهَا طَلَبُ الرِّحَالِ [I came to her by day, not by night, while the seeking for the camels' saddles, or for the things necessary for his journey, or for the places of alighting, diverted her lord, or husband, from attending to her]. (TA.) And بِهِ الخَيَالُ ↓ طاف, aor. ـُ inf. n. طَوْفٌ; and, as As used to say, طاف, aor. ـِ inf. n. طَيْفٌ; The خيال [i. e. apparition, or phantom,] came to him, or visited him, (أَلَمَّ بِهِ,) in sleep. (TA.) 5 تطوّف and اِطَّوَّفَ: see 1, first sentence.8 اِطَّافٌ: see 1, last sentence.10 إِسْتَطْوَفَ see 1, first sentence, in two places.

طَافٌ A man who goes round, or round about, much, or often; (S, O, K;) [and] so ↓ طَوَّافٌ: and ↓ طَوَّافَةٌ a woman who goes round, or round about, much, or often, to the tents, or houses, of her female neighbours. (Msb.) A2: See also طُوف.

طَوْفٌ in the phrase أَصَابَهُ مِنَ الشَّيْطَانِ طَوْفٌ, i. q. طَائِفٌ. (TA. See طَائِفٌ below, and in art. طيف.) b2: [Also A kind of float composed of] inflated water-skins bound together, (S, O, Msb, K,) with wood [or planks] laid upon them, (Msb,) so as to have the form of a flat roof, (S, O, Msb, K,) upon the water; (Msb;) used for embarking thereon upon the water and for carriage thereon (S, O, K, TA) of wheat or other provisions and of men, and for the crossing [of rivers] thereon: (TA:) i. q. رَمَثٌ: and sometimes it is of wood, or timber: (S, O:) accord. to Az, a thing upon which large rivers are crossed, made of canes and of pieces of wood bound together, one upon another, and then bound round with ropes of the fibres or leaves of the palm-tree so as to be secure from its becoming unbound; after which it is used for embarking thereon and crossing, and sometimes it is laden with a load proportionate to its strength and its thickness: and it is also called عَامَةٌ, without teshdeed to the م: (TA:) pl. أَطْوَافٌ. (Msb, TA.) b3: And The bull (ثَوْر) around which turn the oxen in the treading [of corn]. (TA.) [See طَائِفٌ.] b4: And i. q. قِلْدٌ [app. as meaning A portion of water for irrigation: for it is immediately added], and طَوْفُ القَصَبِ signifies the quantity of water with which the canes are irrigated. (TA.) A2: Also The foul matter that comes forth from the child after suckling: (El-Ahmar, Msb, TA:) and by a secondary application, (Msb,) human excrement, or ordure, (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K,) in an absolute sense: (Msb:) what Er-Rághib says respecting it indicates that this is metonymical. (TA.) أَخَذَهُ بِطُوفِ رَقَبَتِهِ and رقبته ↓ بِطَافِ i. q. بِصُوفِ رقبته (S, K) and بِصَافِهَا. (K.) طُوفَانٌ An overpowering rain: and overpowering water, [a meaning erroneously assigned in the CK to طَوَّاف instead of طُوفَان,] that covers [or overwhelms] everything; (S, K, TA;) in the common conventional acceptation, water abounding to the utmost degree; [i. e. a flood, or deluge;] such as befell the people of Noah; (TA;) or طُوفَانُ المَآءِ signifies the water that covers [or overwhelms] everything: (Msb:) and a drowning torrent: (K:) and (assumed tropical:) much of anything, [like as we say a flood of anything,] such as includes the generality of persons, or things, within its compass: (K, TA:) and particularly (assumed tropical:) death; or quick, or quick and wide-spreading, death; or death commonly, or generally, prevailing; (TA;) or quick, or quick and wide-spreading, death, commonly, or generally, prevailing: and (assumed tropical:) quick [and extensive] slaughter: (K:) and (assumed tropical:) any accident [or evil accident] that besets a man: and (assumed tropical:) trial, or affliction: (TA:) and El-'Ajjáj likens to the rain, or water, thus called, the darkness of night; using the phrase طُوفَانُ الظَّلَامِ; (Kh, S;) by which he means (assumed tropical:) the intensity of the darkness of the night: (TA:) طُوفَانٌ is said to be a pl. [or coll. gen. n.]; (Msb, TA;) and its sing. [or n. un.] is طُوفَانَةٌ, (S, Msb, K, TA,) accord. to analogy: (S:) thus says Akh: (S, TA:) or it is an inf. n., like رُجْحَانٌ and نُقْصَانٌ; and is from طَافَ, aor. ـُ (Msb, TA:) thus says Abu-l- 'Abbás; and he says that there is no need of seeking for it a sing.: some say that it is of the measure فُلْعَانٌ, from طَفَا المَآءُ, aor. ـْ meaning “ the water rose,” or “ became high; ” the ل being transposed to the place of the ع; but this is strange. (TA.) طَوَافٌ [is an inf. n. of 1, q. v., sometimes used as a simple subst., and] has for its pl. أَطْوَافٌ [which is regularly pl. of طَوْفٌ]. (TA.) طَوَّافٌ; and its fem., with ة: see طَافٌ. b2: The former signifies also A servant who serves one with gentleness and carefulness: (K, TA:) pl. طَوَّافُونَ: so says AHeyth: IDrd explains the pl. as meaning servants, and male slaves. (TA.) It is said in a trad., respecting the she-cat, that it is not unclean, but is مِنَ الطَّوَّافِينَ عَلَيْكُمْ, or الطَّوَّافَاتِ; [i. e. of those that go round about waiting upon you;] she being thus put it. the predicament of the slaves: whence the saying of En-Nakha'ee, that the she-cat is like some of the people of the house, or tent. (TA.) [In the CK, a meaning belonging to طُوفَان is erroneously assigned to طَوَّاف.]

A2: Also A maker of the طَوْف that is composed of [inflated] water-skins [&c.] upon which one crosses [rivers &c.]. (TA.) طَائِفٌ part. n. of طَافَ, signifying Going round or round about, &c. (Msb.) b2: [And hence,] The عَسَس [quasi-pl. n. of عَاسٌّ]; (S, O, K, TA;) [i. e.] the patrol, or watch that go the round of the houses; thus expl. by Er-Rághib; and said to mean particularly those who do so by night. (TA.) b3: And The bull that is next to the extremity, or side, of the كُدْس [or wheat collected together in the place where it is trodden out]. (Ibn-'Abbád, K.) [See طَوْفٌ.] b4: The طَائِف of the bow is The part between the سِئَة [or curved portion of the extremity] and the أَبْهَر [q. v.]: (S, K:) or near [the length of a cubit or] the bone of the fore arm from its [middle portion called the] كَبِد [thus I render قَرِيبٌ مِنْ عَظْمِ الذِّرَاعِ مِنْ كَبِدِهَا, which, I think, can have no other meaning]: or the طَائِفَانِ are [two parts]exclusive of the two curved ends (دُونَ السِّئَتَيْنِ): (K: [this last explanation seems to leave one of the limits of each طائف undefined:]) or, accord. to AHn, the طائف of the bow is the part beyond its كُلْيَة [q. v.], above and below, [extending] to the place of the curving of the end of the bow: the pl. is طَوَائِفُ. (TA.) b5: لَأَقْطَعَنَّ مِنْهُ طَائِفًا occurs in a trad. respecting a runaway slave, as meaning [I will assuredly cut off] some one, or more, of his أَطْرَاف [app. meaning fingers]: or, as some relate it, the word is طَابَِقًا. (TA.) And Aboo-Kebeer El-Hudhalee says, تَقَعُ السُّيُوفُ عَلَى طَوَائِفَ مِنْهُمُ meaning, it is said, [The swords fall upon] arms and legs or hands and feet [of them: but in this case, طَوَائِف may be pl. of ↓ طَائِفَةٌ]. (TA.) A2: One says also, أَصَابَهُ مِنَ الشَّيْطَانِ طَائِفٌ [A visitation from the Devil befell him]; and ↓ طَوْفٌ likewise, in the same sense. (TA. [See also طَيْفٌ.]) طَائِفَةٌ A detached, or distinct, part or portion; a piece, or bit; [or somewhat;] of a thing: (S, Msb, K:) and a فِرْقَة of men [i. e. a party, portion, division, or class, thereof; as those of one profession or trade: a body, or distinct community: a sect: a corps: and sometimes a people, or nation]: (Msb:) and a company, or congregated body, (Msb, KL,) of men, at least consisting of three; and sometimes applied to one; and two: (Msb:) or one: and more than one: (S, K:) so, accord. to I' Ab, in the Kur xxiv. 2: (S:) or up to a thousand: (Mujáhid, K:) or at least two men: ('Atà, K:) or one man; (K;) as is said also on the authority of Mujáhid; (TA;) so that it is syn. with نَفْسٌ [as meaning a single person, or an individual]: (K:) [and sometimes it is applied to a distinct number, or herd &c., of animals:] Er-Rághib says that when a plural or collective number is meant thereby, it is [what lexicologists term] a pl. of طَائِفٌ; and when one is meant thereby, it may be a pl. metonymically used as a sing., or it may be considered as of the class of رَاوِيَةٌ and عَلَّامَةٌ and the like: (TA:) [pl. طَوَائِفُ.] b2: See also طَائِفٌ, last sentence but one.

طَائِفِىٌّ A sort of raisins, of which the bunches are composed of closely-compacted berries: app. so called in relation to [the district of] Et-Táïf. (AHn, TA.) تِطْوَافٌ, (JM, TA,) with kesr, (TA,) [and app. تَطْوَافٌ also, as it is sometimes written,] for ذُو تطوافٍ, (JM,) A garment in which one goes round, or curcuits, (JM, TA,) the House [of God, i. e. the Kaabeh]. (JM.) مَطَافٌ A place of طَوَاف (O, Msb, K *) i. e. of going round or round about, or circuiting. (Msb.) مُطَوِّفٌ: see 1, latter half.

حفر

1 حَفَرَ, (S, A, K, &c.,) aor. ـِ (Msb, K,) inf. n. حَفْرٌ, (Mgh, Msb,) He dug, excavated, or hollowed out, the ground, or earth; (KL, PS, &c.;) he cleared out a thing, (K,) as one does the ground; (S, Msb, K;) and a well; (the Lexicons passim;) and a river; (A, Mgh;) with a مِحْفَار; (A;) or with an iron implement; (K;) and ↓ احتفر signifies the same. (S, A, K.) And حَفَرَ عَلَيْهِ, and حَفَرَهُ, and ↓ احتفرهُ, He dug for him, (namely, a lizard of the kind called ضَبّ, or a jerboa,) to fetch him forth. (A, TA.) b2: [He burrowed.] b3: (assumed tropical:) It (a torrent) furrowed a valley. (Msb.) [See also 5.] b4: (tropical:) Inivit feminam: (IAar, Msb, K:) the action being likened to that of a man digging a river. (IAar.) b5: .) b6: هٰذَا غَيْثٌ لَا يَحْفِرُهُ أَحَدٌ (tropical:) This is a rain of which no one knows the utmost extent. (K, * TA.) b7: حَفَرَ ثَرَي زَيْدٍ (tropical:) He searched into the affair, or case, of Zeyd, (A, K,) and became acquainted with it. (K.) b8: And حَفَرَ, (S, A, K,) aor. as above, (S,) and so the inf. n., (S, A,) (assumed tropical:) He, or it, emaciated, or rendered lean: (S, K:) it (a copious flow of milk, TA) emaciated a she-goat: (K, TA:) (tropical:) he (a young camel) rendered his mother flabby in flesh by much sucking. (A.) There is no pregnant animal that pregnancy does not emaciate, except the camel: (S, A:) she fattens in pregnancy. (S.) A2: حَفَرَ He (a child) shed his رَوَاضِع [or milk-teeth]. (K, TA.) [See also 4.] b2: حَفَرَتْ رَوَاضِعُ المُهْرِ, or حُفِرَتْ, (accord. to different copies of the A,) (tropical:) The milk-teeth of the colt became in a wabbling, or loose, state, previously to their falling out; because, when they have fallen out, their sockets become hollow. (A.) [See 4.]

b3: حَفَرَتِ الأَسْنَانُ, aor. ـِ (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) inf. n. حَفْرٌ; (S, Msb;) and حَفِرَت, aor. ـَ (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) inf. n. حَفَرٌ, in the dial. of BenooAsad, (S, Msb,) and this is the worse of these two forms, (S,) and حَفْرٌ; (El-Wá'ee;) and حُفِرَت; (K;) (tropical:) The teeth became affected with what is termed حَفْرٌ [q. v. infrà] or حَفَرٌ: (S, Msb, K:) or became unsound: (Mgh:) and حَفَرَ فُوهُ and حَفِرَ his teeth cankered. (A.) IDrst says, in the Expos. of the Fs, that حَفَرَ, aor. ـِ inf. n. حَفْرَ فُوهُ, is trans.; and that the cause of حَفْر of the teeth, [or the agent of the verb حَفَرَ,] is old age, or the continuance of a yellow incrustation, [or tartar,] or some kind of canker that effects them: but that the verb in the phrase حَفِرَتْ سِنُّهُ, aor. ـَ inf. n. حَفَرٌ, is intrans. (MF.) [The truth probably is, that the former verb is both trans. and intrans., and hence حُفِرَتِ الأَسْنَانُ; and that the latter is intrans. only.] b4: And حَفِرَ, aor. ـَ (assumed tropical:) It was, or became, in a bad, corrupt, or unsound, state. (Az.) 3 حافر, (A,) inf. n. مُحَافَرَةٌ, (TA,) He (a jerboa) went deep into his hole; (A;) so deep that he could not be dug out. (TA.) 4 احفر فُلَانًا بِئْرًا He assisted such a one to dig a well. (K.) A2: احفر الصَّبِىُّ, (K,) inf. n. إِحْفَارٌ, (TA,) (tropical:) The child shed his two upper and lower central incisors: (سَقَطَتْ لَهُ الثَّنِيَّتَانِ العُلْيَيَانِ وَالسُّفْلَيَانِ:) so in the K: and to these words we find added, in some copies of the K, لِلْإِثْنَآءَ وَالإِرْبَاعِ; and then, وَالمُهْرُسَقَطَتْ ثَنَايَاهُ وَرَبَاعِيَاتُهُ: but in some good and corrected copies, we read, after السفليان, thus, والمهر للاثناء والا رباع سقطت ثناياه ورباعياته: to which, in some lexicons, [as in the S, though the explanation which follows is there different,] after والارباع, is added وَالقُرُوحِ. (TA. [This is evidently the right reading; and therefore I follow it in an explanation in what is here immediately subjoined.]) b2: احفر المُهْرُ لِلْإِثْنَآءِ وَالْإِرْبَاعِ (tropical:) The colt shed his central incisors, or nippers, and each of the teeth immediately next to these: (K: see what next precedes:) or احفر المُهْرُ لِلْإِثْنَآءَ وَالْإِرْبَاعِ وَالْقُرُوحِ the colt shed his milk teeth (رَوَاضِع), [the central pair, the second pair, and the third pair, in each jaw,] and grew others: (S:) or احفر المهر, [inf. n. إِحْفَارٌ,] signifies, the colt had his milk-teeth in a wabbling, or loose, state, previously to their falling out; because, when they have fallen out, their sockets become hollow: (A:) or the colt had his lower and upper central pairs of nippers, of his milk-teeth, in a wabbling, or loose, state: this is during a period extending from thirty months, at the earliest, to three years: then the teeth fall out: then a lower and an upper central pair of nippers grow in the place of the milk-nippers which have fallen out, after three years; and the epithet مُبْدِيءٌ is applied to the colt; and the epithet ثَنِىٌّ is [also] then applied to him, and continues to be until [again it is said of him] يُحْفِرُ, meaning, he has his lower and upper pairs of nippers, of his milkteeth, in a wabbling, or loose, state: then these fall out, when he has completed four years: then the term إِبْدَآءٌ is [again] applied to him; [i. c., he is again termed مُبْدِيءٌ;] and he is, and ceases not to be, termed رَبَاعٍ, until [it is said of him]

يُحْفِرُ لِلْقٌرُوحِ [in the TA, تُحْفِر القُرُوح, which is an evident mistake,] meaning, he has his two corner nippers [in each jaw] in a wabbling, or loose, state: this is when he has completed five years: then the term إِبْدَآءٌ is applied to him as before described: then he is [also said to be]

قَارِحٌ. (TA from the “Kitáb el-Kheyl” of AO.) [See also 1.]5 تحفّر (tropical:) It (a torrent) made hollows in the ground. (A.) [See also 1.]8 إِحْتَفَرَ see 1, first and second sentences.10 اسحفر He asked, or desired, [another] to dig a well, or pit, and a rivulet, or canal. (KL.) b2: استحفر النَّهْرُ It was time for the river, or rivulet, or canal, to be dug [or cleared out]. (S.) حَفْرٌ: see حَفَرٌ, in two places; and حَفِيرٌ.

A2: Also (assumed tropical:) Emaciation, or leanness. (Kr.) [See 1.]

b2: Also, and ↓ حَفَرٌ, (Az, S, Msb, K,) the latter of the dial. of the Benoo-Asad, and the worse of the two forms, (S,) said by IKt to be a bad form, (TA,) and by ISk to be a vulgar mispronunciation, which is attributed to his not having heard the dial. of the Benoo-Asad, (Msb,) (tropical:) A scaling (سُلَاق) in the roots of the teeth: (Yaakoob, S, K:) or a rottenness, or an unsound state, of the roots of the teeth, (S, Msb,) by reason of a scaling of those parts: (Msb:) or what adheres to the teeth, externally and internally: (Az:) or an erosion of the roots of the teeth by a yellow incrustation between those parts and the gum, externally and internally, pressing upon the bone so that the latter scales away if it be not quickly removed: (Sh:) or a cankering of the teeth: (A:) or a yellowness upon the teeth: (IDrd, IKh, K:) or حَفْرٌ signifies a pimple, or small pustule, in the gum of a child. (El-Wá'ee.) [See 1: and see also حِبْرٌ.]

حَفَرٌ A well that is widened (K, TA) beyond. measure; (TA;) as also ↓ حَفْرٌ (K) and ↓ حَفِيرٌ and ↓ حَفيرَةٌ. (TA.) b2: See also حَفيرٌ. b3: The earth that is taken forth from a hollow, cavity, pit, or the like, that is dug in the ground; (S, K;) like هَدَمٌ: (S:) [see also حَفِيرَةٌ:] or what is dug, or excavated; like عَدَدٌ and خَبَطٌ and نَفَضٌ in the senses of مَعْدُودٌ and مَخْبُوطٌ and مَنْفُوضٌ: (Msb:) or a place that is dug, (Az, S, Msb,) like a moat or well; (Az, Msb;) as also ↓ حَفْرٌ: (TA:) pl. أَحْفَارٌ, (Msb, K,) and pl. pl. أَحَافِيرُ. (K.) b4: See, again, حَفِيرٌ. b5: and see حَفْرٌ.

حُفْرَةٌ What is dug, excavated, hollowed out, or cleared out, (Msb, K,) in the ground; (Msb;) [i. e. a hollow, cavity, pit, hole, trench, ditch, or furrow, dug, or excavated, in the ground: and any hollow, or cavity, in the ground, whether made by digging or (assumed tropical:) natural: a burrow:] as also ↓ حَفِيرَةٌ, (Mgh, Msb, K,) which is of the measure فَعِيلَةٌ in the sense of the measure مَفْعُولَةٌ: (Msb:) pl. of the former حُفَرٌ; (S, Msb;) and of the latter حَفَائِرُ. (Msb.) b2: See also حَفِيرٌ.

حَفِيرٌ is of the measure فَعِيلٌ in the sense of the measure مَفْعُولٌ [meaning Dug, excavated, hollowed out, or cleared out, in the ground]. (TA.) [Hence,] رَكِيَّةٌ حَفِيرَةٌ A newly-dug well; as also ↓ حَفَرٌ. (TA.) b2: See also this last word. b3: Also, (IAar, S, A, K,) and ↓ حَفِيرَةٌ and ↓ حَفْرٌ, (A,) [or ↓ حَفَرٌ, q. v., and ↓ حُفْرَةٌ, as is shown by an explanation of its pl. (حُفَرٌ) in the Ham p. 562,] A grave. (IAar, S, A, K.) حَفِيرَةٌ: see حَفَرٌ: b2: and حُفْرَةٌ: b3: and حَفِيرٌ. b4: Also What is dug out of a mine. (Mgh.) حَفَّارٌ A grave-digger. (K.) حَافرٌ, [Digging: a digger. b2: And hence,] The حافر of a beast, (دَابَّة, S, K,) i. e., of a horse, or mule, or ass; (TA;) [namely, the hoof; a solid hoof;] as though it dug the ground by reason of the vehemence of its tread upon it; (Msb;) a subst., like كَاهِلٌ and غَارِبٌ: (TA:) pl. حَوَافِرُ. (S, A, K.) b3: [Hence, by a synecdoche,] خُفٌّ وَحَافِرٌ (tropical:) Camels and horses. (Mgh in art. خف.) b4: حَافِرٌ is also applied to (tropical:) The foot of a man, (S, TA,) when it is meant to be characterized as ugly. (TA.) b5: ↓ النَّقْدُ عِنْدَ الحَافِرَةِ, (S, A, K,) and الحَافِرِ, (A, K,) is a prov., (S,) meaning, (tropical:) The payment in ready money is on the occasion of the first sentence spoken (Yaakoob, T, * S, K) by the seller, when he says “ I have sold to thee ”

[such a thing]. (T.) The origin of the saying was this: horses were the most excellent (K) and precious (TA) of the things that they possessed; and they used not to sell them on credit: a man used to say the words above to another; meaning that its hoof should not remove until he received its price: (K:) and he who says عند الحافرة (since he makes الحافر to mean the beast, الدَّابَّة, itself, and since its use in this sense is frequent without the mention of ذَات [prefixed to it],) subjoins to it the sign [ة] of the fem. gender to show that ذَاتِ الحَافِرِ is meant by this name. (TA.) Or they used to say this on the occasion of racing and betting: and the meaning is, when the horse's hoof first falls upon the dug ground [at the goal]: (Abu-l-'Abbás, Az, K:) ↓ حَافِرَةٌ, (Abu-l-'Abbás,) or حَافِرٌ, (K,) signifying dug ground; (Abu-l- 'Abbás, K; *) ground that is dug by a horse's feet; (Har p. 653;) like as one says مَآءٌ دَافِقٌ, meaning مَدْفُوقٌ. (TA.) Lth says that the saying means, when thou buyest it, thou dost not quit thy place until thou payest ready money. (TA.) This was its origin: then it came to be so often said as to be used with reference to any priority. (K.) b6: [Thus,] ↓ حَافِرَةٌ signifies (tropical:) The original state or constitution of a thing; that wherein it was created: and the returning in a thing, so that the end thereof is brought back to its beginning. (K.) It is said in the Kur [lxxix. 10], أَئِنَّا

↓ لَمَرْدُودُونَ فِى الحَافِرَةِ, i. e., (tropical:) Shall we indeed be restored to our first state? (S:) i. e., to life? (Fr:) or to the present world, as we were: (IAar:) or to our first creation, after our death. (TA.) IAar cites the following verse: عَلَى صَلَعٍ وَشَيْبٍ أَحَافِرَةً

مَعَاذَ اللّٰهِ مِنْ سَفِهٍ وَعَارِ meaning (tropical:) Shall I return to my first state, wherein I was in my youth, when I indulged in amatory conversation, and silly and youthful conduct, after hoariness, and baldness of the fore part of my head? [I beg God to preserve me from lightwittedness and shameful conduct.] (S.) One says also, ↓ رَجَعَ إِلَى حَافِرَتِهِ, (A,) and حَافِرِهِ, (TA,) (tropical:) He became old and decrepit: (A, TA:) [as though he returned to his first state; or became in a state of second childishness.] And اِلْتَقَوْا فَاقْتَتَلُوا عِنْدَ

↓ الحَافِرَةِ (S, A, K) and الحَافِرِ (A) (tropical:) They met, and fought one another at the first of their meeting. (S, K.) And ↓ فَعَلَ كَذَا عِنْدَ الحَافِرَةِ and الحَافِرِ (tropical:) He did so at the first, without delay. (TA.) And ↓ رَجَعَ عَلَى حَافِرَتِهِ (tropical:) He returned by the way by which he had come: (T, S:) or by which he had come forth. (K.) حَافِرَةٌ: see حَافِرٌ, in nine places.

مِحْفَرٌ (K) and ↓ مِحْفَارٌ (A, K) and ↓ مِحْفَرَةٌ (K) A spade; syn. مِسْحَاةٌ: (K:) an implement for digging (A, K, TA) of the same kind as a مسحاة: (TA:) pl. of the first [and last] مَحَافِرُ. (Ham p. 665.) مِحْفَرَةٌ: see what next precedes.

طُرُقٌ مُحَفَّرَةٌ [app. Roads much furrowed by the feet of beasts or men: see حَجِيجٌ]. (L and K in art. حج.) مِحْفَارٌ: see مِحْفَرٌ.

مَحْفُورٌ [i. q. حَفِيرٌ as meaning Dug: see the latter.] b2: فَمُ فُلَانٍ مَحْفُورٌ [and أَسْنَانُهُ مَحْفُورَةٌ] (tropical:) The teeth of such a one are affected with what is termed حَفْرٌ or حَفَرٌ. (S, TA.) And صَبِىٌّ مَحْفُورٌ (assumed tropical:) A child having a pimple, or small pustule, in the gum. (El-Wá'ee.) فُلَانٌ أَرْوَغُ مِنْ يَرْبُوعٍ مُحَافِرٍ Such a one is more elusive than a jerboa that goes so deep into his hole that he cannot be dug out. (A, TA.)

حرش

1 حَرَشَ الضَّبَّ, (S, A, K,) aor. ـِ inf. n. حَرْشٌ (S, K) and تَحْرَاشٌ, (K,) He hunted, or sought to capture or catch, or captured or caught, the [lizard called] ضبّ; syn. صَادَهُ; (S, A, K;) by moving about his hand at its hole, (S, K,) at the entrance thereof, (K,) in order that it might imagine it to be a serpent, and put forth its tail to strike it, whereupon he would seize it; (S, K;) as also ↓ احترشهُ: (A, K:) or, as also ↓ احترشهُ, and ↓ تحرّشهُ, and بِهِ ↓ تحرّش, he traced its hole, and made a noise with his staff, or stick, at it, and inserted the end of this into the hole, and the ضبّ, hearing the sound, thought it to be a beast desiring to come in upon it, so it came backwards upon its feet and kinder part, fighting, and striking with its tail, whereupon the man hastened with it, and seized it firmly by its tail, and it was unable to escape from him. (TA.) And hence, He hunted, or sought to capture, or captured, the ضبّ in any manner. (Ham p. 61.) Hence also the saying, لَهُوَ أَخْبَثُ مِنْ ضَبٍّ حَرَشْتَهُ [Verily he is worse than a ضبّ which thou hast hunted]: for sometimes the ضبّ scents [its pursuer], and circumvents [him], and cannot be caught. (TA.) And hence the prov., alluding to one's discoursing to a learned man with the desire of instructing him, أَتُعْلِمُنِى بِضَبٍّ

أَنَا حَرَشْتُهُ [Dost thou acquaint me with a ضبّ which I have captured?]. (A 'Obeyd, Az.) Hence also the prov., هٰذَاأَجَلُّ مِنَ الحَرْشِ [This is a greater matter than the hunting, or capturing, of the ضبّ]: (M, A, K:) originating in one of their fables, to the effect that a ضبّ said to its young one, “O my little son, beware thou of الحَرْش: ” and the young one heard, one day, the fall of a digging-implement upon the mouth of the hole; so he said, “O my father, is this الحَرْش? ” to which his father answered, “O my little son, this is a greater matter than الحَرْش: ” (M, K: *) and it became a prov., which is applied to him who fears a thing and falls into that which is more severe. (M.) [Hence also the saying,] ضَبَّ العَدَاوَةِ بَيْنَهُمْ ↓ اِحْتَرَشَ (tropical:) [He roused the rancour of enmity between them]. (TA.) b2: حَرَشَهُ, (S, K,) aor. ـِ (K,) inf. n. حَرْشٌ (S, K) and تَحْرَاشٌ, (K,) signifies also He scratched him with the nails; or wounded him in the outer skin; (S, K;) and so خَرَشَهُ, with خ. (S.) b3: Both also signify It (a fly) bit him. (TA in art. خرش.) b4: And حَرَشَ البَعِيرَ He scratched, or rubbed, the غَارِب [or withers] of the camel with his staff, or stick, to make him go. (TA.) b5: And He scratched, or rubbed, the camel so as to abrade the upper skin, and make it bleed; whereupon it is smeared with هِنَآء [or tar]; as also خَرَشَهُ. (TA.) A2: حَرَشَ بَيْنَ القَوْمِ; &c.: see 2, in two places.

A3: حَرِشَ, aor. ـَ inf. n. حَرْشٌ, He deceived, beguiled, or circumvented; syn. خَدَعَ: and ↓ احترش signifies the same; or nearly the same; i. e. he endeavoured to deceive, beguile, or circumvent; syn. of the inf. n. خِدَاعٌ. (TA.) 2 حَرَّشَ بَيْنَ القَوْمِ, inf. n. تَحْرِيشٌ; (S, * A, * K, * TA;;) and بَيْنَهُمْ ↓ حَرَشَ, (A, TA, *) inf. n. حَرْشٌ; (TA;) He excited discord, dissension, disorder, strife, quarrelling, or animosity, between, or among, the people; (S, * A, * K, * TA;) and (so in the S, but in the K “ or ”) بَيْنَ الكِلَابِ between, or among, the dogs; (S, K;) and البَهَائِمِ the beasts; exciting, or provoking, them, one against another; as is done with camels, and rams, and cocks, &c.; the doing of which is forbidden in a trad.; (TA;) or حَرْشٌ and تَحْرِيشٌ signify one's inciting a man, and a lion, to attack his adversary; (TA;) and مُحَارَشَةٌ and حِرَاشٌ [inf. ns. of ↓ حَارَشَ] are syn. with تَحْرِيشٌ [in the last of the senses above]; as also مُهَارَشَةٌ and هِرَاشٌ: (TA in art. هرش, q. v.:) you say, حَرَّشَهُ [and ↓ حَرَشَهُ, meaning, he incited him, &c.; or rather, he exasperated him; app. from حَرشٌ or or حُرْشَةٌ, signifying “ roughness ”]. (Az, S in art. ذأر.) b2: [Hence, app.,] تَحْرِيشٌ also signifies The mentioning a thing that renders reproof necessary. (TA.) 3 حارش الضَّبُّ الأَفْعَى The ضبّ fought with the viper, the latter desiring to come in upon him. (TA.) b2: See also 2.4 احرش الهِنَآءُ البَعِيرَ [app. originally signifying The tar made the camel to scratch: and hence meaning,] the tar made the camel to break out with small pustules; syn. بَثَّرَهُ: (K:) or excoriated him, and made him to bleed. (Ibn-'Abbád.) 5 تحرّشهُ and تحرّش بِهِ: see حَرَشَ الضَّبَّ.

A2: [تحرّش is also quasi-pass. of 2. You say,] تحرّش بِهِمْ [He became exasperated by them]. (Az, L in art. حد, in explanation of the phrase تَحَدَّدَ بِهِمْ) [See also حَرِدَ.]8 احترشهُ: see حَرَشَ الضَّبَّ, in three places.

A2: See also حَرِشَ.

حَرْشٌ A mark, or trace; syn. أَثَرٌ: (S, K:) by poetic license written ↓ حَرَشٌ: (S:) or a mark upon the back: or a mark of a blow or beating, upon a camel, which has healed, but upon which no hair nor fur grows: or, as heard by Az, from more than one of the Arabs of the desert, a gall, or sore, on the back, which has healed, or become covered with a skin in healing: or a scar of a gall, or sore, on the back: (TA:) pl. حِرَاشٌ. (S, TA.) حَرَشٌ Roughness, harshness, or coarseness; as also ↓ حُرْشَةٌ: (K:) or roughness, &c., of the skin. (S.) [App., it has no verb: see حَرِشٌ, voce أَحْرَشُ.]

A2: See also حَرْشٌ.

حَرِشٌ: see أَحْرَشُ.

حُرْشَةٌ: see حَرَشٌ.

حَارِشُ ضِبَابٍ A hunter, or catcher, of [lizaras of the kind called] ضِبَاب [pl. of ضَبٌّ]: (S A:) pl. حَرَشَةٌ. (A.) أَحْرَشُ Anything rough, harsh, or coarse; as also ↓ حَرِشٌ, on the authority of AHn, and thought by Az to be a possessive epithet, [meaning having roughness, &c., from حَرَشٌ or حُرْشَةٌ,] because he had not heard any verb belonging to it: (TA:) or the former is applied to a ضَبّ, signifying rough; (S, K;) or rough in the skin, (A, TA,) as though notched, or serrated: (TA:) and in like manner, its fem., حَرْشَآءُ, to a serpent (حَيَّة), signifying rough; (K;) or rough in the skin: (S, TA:) and the masc. to a deenár, signifying rough (S, A, K) by reason of its newness; (A, K;) good, rough, recently coined; having upon it the roughness of the stamp: pl. حُرُشٌ (TA) [and حُرْشٌ]: and to a camel, signifying whose galls, or sores, on his back have healed, or become covered with a skin in healing: (Az, as heard by him from more than one of the Arabs of the desert:) and the fem., above mentioned, is applied to a she-camel, signifying, having the mange, or scab, (K, TA,) and not smeared [with tar]; (TA;) she being so called because of the roughness of her skin: (Az, TA:) and to a نُقْبَة [or scab], signifying having small pustules, (S,) not smeared [with tar]. (S, A.)

حمش

1 حَمِشَ, (A, K,) aor. ـَ inf. n. حَمْشٌ and حَمَشٌ, (K,) He (a man) became slender in the shanks. (A, K.) b2: حَمِشَ عُظَيْمُ سَاقِهِ, aor. ـَ (Msb;) and حَمِشَتْ قَوَائِمُهُ, or حَمَشَتْ; (accord. to different copies of the S;) and حَمِشَتِ السَّاقُ, inf. n. حَمْشٌ; (so in a copy of the A;) or حَمَشَتِ السَّاقُ, aor. ـِ (K;) and حَمُشَت, (Lh, A, K,) aor. ـُ inf. n. حُمُوشَةٌ (A, K) and حَمَاشةٌ, (TA,) The small bone of his shank, (Msb,) and his legs, (S,) and the shank (A, K) of a woman, (A,) became slender. (S, A, Msb, K) And the like is said, metaphorically, of the whole body. (TA.) You say also, الوَتَرُ ↓ استحمش The bow-string became slender: and its being so is better. (TA.) 10 إِسْتَحْمَشَ see the last sentence above.

حَمْشٌ: see the next paragraph, throughout.

حَمِشٌ: see the next paragraph, throughout.

حَمِيشٌ: see the next paragraph, throughout.

أَحْمَشُ السَّاقَيْنِ Slender in the shanks, applied to a man; (S, K) as also الساقين ↓ حَمْشُ, (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) and ↓ حَمِيشُهُمَا: (TA:) and so الساقين ↓ حَمْشةُ, applied to a woman. (A.) and الخِلْقَةِ ↓ حَمْشُ (tropical:) Slender in make, applied to a man. (TA.) أَحْمَشُ also signifies Slender, applied to the small bone of the shank: (Msb:) and so حَمْشَآءُ [the fem.], and ↓ حَمْشَةٌ, and ↓ حَمِيشَةٌ, applied to the shank (سَاق), and to the fore arm (ذِرَاع), and to the legs (قَوَائِم): and [the pls.]

حُمْشٌ (TA) and حِمَاشٌ, (K,) applied to shanks (سُوق): (K, TA:) and ↓ حَمِشٌ, and ↓ حَمْشٌ, and ↓ مُسْتَحْمِشٌ, applied to a bow-string; (K, * TA;) the last on the authority of Ibráheem El-Harbee; (TA;) and each of the last three epithets with ة added, applied to bow-strings. (K, * TA.) Yousay also ↓ لِثَةٌ حَمِشَةٌ A gum having little flesh: (K:) or a thin gum. (TA.) مُسْتَحْمِشٌ: see أَحْمَشُ.

حوط

1 حَاطَ بِهِ, aor. ـُ see 4, in three places. b2: حَاطَهُ, (S, Msb, K,) aor. as above, (S, Msb,) inf. n. حَوْطٌ (S, Msb, K) and حِيطَةٌ and حِيَاطَةٌ, (S, K, TA, [the second and third, in the CK, erroneously, with fet-h to the ح, the former of them being expressly said in the S and TA, and the latter also in the TA, to be with kesr, and both being shown in the S to be originally with و, i. e. حِوْطَةٌ and حِوَاطَةٌ,]) and حِيَاطٌ is used in poetry for the last of these; (TA;) and ↓ حوّطهُ, (K,) inf. n. تَحْوِيطٌ; (TA;) and ↓ تحوّطهُ; (K, TA; [omitted in the CK;]) He guarded, kept, kept safely, protected, or took care of, him, or it; (S, Msb, K, TA;) he defended him, or it; (TA;) he paid frequent attention to him, or it; (K, TA;) he minded, or was regardful of, the things that were for his, or its, good. (TA.) You say, لَا زِلْتَ فِى حِيَاطَةِ اللّٰهِ Mayest thou not cease to be in the protection of God. (TA.) And مَعَ فُلَانٍ

حِيطَةٌ لَكَ There is with such a one compassion and affection for thee: you should not say عَلَيْكَ. (S.) And أَحُوطُ عِرْضِى [I guard, or defend, or take care of, my honour, or reputation]. (TA.) And أَخَاهُ ↓ هُوَ يَتَحَوَّطُ He takes care of, or pays frequent attention to, his brother; and undertakes, or superintends, or manages, his affairs. (TA.) And حَاطَهُمْ قَصَآءَهُمْ and بِقَصَائِهِمْ He fought in their defence. (TA.) [But this is generally meant ironically.] When an affliction befalls thee, and thy brother does not guard thee, or defend thee, and does not aid thee, one says [to thee], حَاطَكَ الفَضَآءَ [so in the TA, app. a mistranscription for القَصَآءَ or القَصَا, with which, however, it is nearly syn.,] which is used ironically; i. e. He guarded thee, or defended thee, in a distant quarter; meaning, (tropical:) he did not guard thee, or defend thee; for he who guards, or defends, his brother, draws near to him, and supports him, or aids him. (A, TA.) [See also 1 in art. حبو.] You say also, حَاطُونَا القَصَآءَ, (K,) or القَصَا, (TK,) [both are said to be correct in the TA in art. قصو, on the authority of Ibn-Wellád,] in some of the copies of the K with ف and ض, and in some with ف and ض, the latter unpointed, and so in [a copy of] the A, (TA,) (tropical:) They retired to a distance from us, they being around us, and we not being distant from them, had they desired to come to us. (K, TA.) And حُطْنِى القَصَا (tropical:) Retire thou to a distance from me; (Ibn-Wellád, and K in art. قصو;) as also القَصَآءَ. (Ibn-Wellád, and TA in that art.) And لَأَحُوطَنَّكَ القَصَا وَلَأَغْزُوَنَّكَ بِالعَصَا, in each case with the short & ا, meaning I will assuredly leave thee, and not go near thee; [and I will assuredly go against thee to fight thee with the staff.] (Ks, TA in art. قصو.) حُطْ حُطْ means Take thou care of the tie of kindred, and preserve it. (IAar, K. *) It also signifies Deck thou the boys (الصِّبْيَة [in the CK الصَّبِيَّة the girl]) with the حَوْط [for preservation from the evil eye]. (IAar, K.) And حُوطُوا غُلَامَكُمْ Deck ye your boy with the حَوْط. (AA.) b3: حَاطَ الحِمَارُ عَانَتَهُ, (S, * Msb, K,) nor, as above, (S, Msb,) inf. n. حَوْطٌ, (Msb,) The [wild] he-ass collected, or drew together, (S, * Msb, K, *) and guarded, or took care of, (TA,) his عَانَة [app. meaning his herd of wild asses: or the phrase may mean the he-ass drew towards himself, or compressed, and guarded, his she-ass: Freytag here renders عانة by “ pubem; ” and Golius, by “ veretrum ”]. (S, Msb, K.) 2 حوّط حَوْلَهُ, inf. n. تَحْوِيطٌ, He surrounded it by some such thing as earth, so as to make this to encompass it. (Msb.) And حوّط كَرْمَهُ, inf. n. as above, He built a حَائِط [or wall] around his vine. (S.) b2: Hence, أَنَا أُحَوِّطُ ذٰلِكَ الأَمْرُ (tropical:) I have within my compass, or power, and care, that thing, or affair; [like أُحَوِّضُ, q. v.;] syn. أَدُورُ. (S, TA.) [Hence also, حوّط عَلَيْهِ, in the present day, is used to signify (assumed tropical:) He monopolized it. See also 4.] b3: حوّط حَائِطًا, (K,) inf. n. as above, (TA,) He made a حائط [meaning either a walled garden or a wall; app. a wall of enclosure]; (K, TA;) as also ↓ احاطهُ. (IDrd, TA.) b4: See also 1.3 حاوط فُلَانًا (tropical:) He endeavoured to induce such a one to turn, or incline; or endeavoured to turn him by deceit, or guile; (دَاوَرَهُ;) in a matter that he desired of him, and which he refused him: (K:) as though each of them were guarding, or taking care of, (يَحُوطُ,) the other. (K: and so in the A, in illustration of what next follows.) حَاوِطْهُ فَإِنَّهُ يَلِينُ لَكَ (tropical:) Endeavour thou to induce him to turn, or incline; or endeavour thou to turn him by deceit, or guile; [for he will relent to thee;] syn. دَاوِرْهُ. (A, TA.) 4 احاط بِهِ and بِهِ ↓ حَاطَ signify the same [i. e. It, or he, surrounded, encompassed, environed, enclosed, or hemmed in, it, or him]. (TA.) Yousay, احاط القَوْمُ بِالبَلَدِ, inf. n. إِحَاطَةٌ; and ↓ حَاطُوا بِهِ; The people surrounded, encompassed, environed, encircled, or beset, the sides of the town. (Msb.) And احاطت الخَيْلُ بِفُلَانٍ, (S, TA,) and به ↓ حَاطَتْ, (TA,) and به ↓ احتاطت, (S,) The horses, or horsemen, surrounded, encompassed, environed, encircled, or beset, such a one. (S, TA.) [And احاطوا بِهِ مِنْ جَانِبَيْهِ, meaning They surrounded him on all his sides; lit. on his two sides: see جَنْبٌ.] b2: It is said in the Kur [xvii. 62], إِنَّ رَبَّكَ أَحَاطَ بِالنَّاسِ (assumed tropical:) Verily thy Lord hath men in his grasp, or power: (Bd, TA:) or (assumed tropical:) hath destroyed them; meaning Kureysh. (Bd.) You say also, أُحِيطَ بِفُلَانٍ, meaning (assumed tropical:) Such a one was destroyed: or (assumed tropical:) his destruction drew near. (TA.) And hence the saying in the Kur [xviii. 40], وَأُحِيطَ بِثَمَرِهِ (assumed tropical:) And its fruit became smitten by that which destroyed and spoiled it: (TA:) or (assumed tropical:) his possessions became destroyed: from أَحَاطَ بِهِ العَدُوُّ [the enemy surrounded him]. (Bd.) [Hence also, in the same, ii. 75,] وَأَحَاطَتْ بِهِ خَطِيْئَتُهُ (assumed tropical:) and over whom his sin hath gained the mastery, affecting all the circumstances of his case, so that he hath become as though he were entirely encompassed thereby: (Bd:) or (assumed tropical:) who hath died in the belief of a plurality of Gods. (TA.) You also say, احاط بِهِ الأَمْرُ (assumed tropical:) The thing beset him on every side, so that he had no place of escape from it. (TA.) And احاط عَلَيْهِ (assumed tropical:) He took it entirely to himself, debarring others from it: [see also 2.] (TA in art شرب.) b3: احاط بِهِ, (K,) or احاط بِهِ عِلْمًا, (S, Msb, TA,) and احاط بِهِ عِلْمُهُ, (S, TA,) (tropical:) [He comprehended it, or knew it altogether, in all its modes or circumstances;] he knew it extrinsically and intrinsically; (Msb;) or he attained the utmost particular thereof, and had a comprehensive and complete knowledge thereof: or he attained everything [relating to it], and the utmost knowledge thereof. (K, accord. to different copies. [In the CK, اَحْصٰى عِلْمُهُ is put, erroneously, for احصى عِلْمَهُ.]) It is said in the Kur [xxvii. 22], أَحَطْتُ بِمَا لَمْ تُحِطْ بِهِ (tropical:) I have known in all its circumstances, or modes, that which thou hast not so known. (TA.) And you say also, عَلِمَهُ عِلْمَ

إِحَاطَةٍ (tropical:) He knew it in all its circumstances, or modes; nothing of them escaping him. (TA.) b4: See also 2.5 تَحَوَّطَ see 1, in two places.8 احتاط: see 4. b2: Also (tropical:) He took the course prescribed by prudence, precaution, or good judgment; he used precaution; he took the sure course; (S, * K, * TA;) لِنَفْسِهِ for himself; (S, TA;) [and مِنَ الشَّىْءِ against the thing:] he sought the most successful means, and took the surest method; لِلشَّىْءِ for [the accomplishment, or attainment, of] the thing. (Msb.) The subst. [denoting the abstract signification of the inf. n., اِحْتِيَاطٌ,] is حيطة, (Msb,) i. e. ↓ حَيْطَةٌ and ↓ حِيطَةٌ, (K, TA,) which latter is originally حِوْطَةٌ, (TA,) [and is also an inf. n. of 1,] and ↓ حَوْطَةٌ. (K, TA.) Some hold احتياط to belong to art. حيط. (Msb.) You say also فِى الأُمُورِ ↓ استحاط [meaning in like manner (assumed tropical:) He took the course prescribed by prudence, &c., in affairs, or in the affairs: as is shown below: see مُحْتَاطٌ]. (TA.) 10 إِسْتَحْوَطَ see 8.

حَوْطٌ A twisted string of two colours, black and red, (IAar, K,) called بَرِيم, (IAar,) upon which are beads and a crescent of silver, which a woman binds upon her waist, [and which is bound upon a boy, (see 1,)] in order that the evil eye may not smite her [or him]: (IAar, K:) and also the crescent above mentioned; as well as the string with it. (TA.) [See also تَحْوِيطَةٌ.]

حَوْطَةٌ: see 8.

حَيْطَةٌ: see 8.

حِيطَةٌ: see 8.

حُوَاطٌ: see what next follows.

حُوَاطَةٌ An enclosure (حَظِيرَة) made for wheat: (S, K:) or it signifies a thing which one soon quits, or relinquishes, or from which one soon abstains; and so ↓ حُوَاطٌ, as occurring [accord. to one relation] in a verse cited voce عُرْسٌ. (L.) حَيِّطٌ, [originally either حَوِيطٌ or حَيْوِطٌ,] like سَيِّدٌ, A man who guards, protects, or defends, (يَحُوطُ,) his family and his brethren. (TA.) حَوَّاطٌ A monopolizer: so in the present day.]

حَوَّاطُ أَمْرٍ (tropical:) The undertakers, superintendents, or managers, of an affair. (K, TA.) [See a verse cited voce عُرْسٌ.]

حَائِطٌ A wall. (Msb, * K, TA:) or a wall of enclosure: (Msb, * TA:) or one that surrounds a garden: (Mgh:) [often applied to a fence of wood, or sticks, or of reeds, or canes:] so called because it surrounds what is within it; (TA;) but it is a subst., like سَقْفٌ and رُكْنٌ, though implying the meaning of surrounding: (IJ, TA:) or it is an act. part. n., from حَاطَ: (Msb:) pl. حِيطَانٌ, (S, Msb, K,) in which the و is changed into ى because of the kesreh before it, (S,) but by rule it should be حُوطَانٌ; (Sb, K;) and حِيَاطٌ. (IAar, K.) b2: And hence, (Mgh,) A garden, (Mgh, Msb, K,) in general: or a garden of palmtrees, surrounded by a wall: (TA:) pl. حَوَائِطُ. (Msb, TA.) اِفْعَلِ الأَحْوَطَ (assumed tropical:) Do thou that which is most comprehensive in relation to the principles of the ordinances [applying to the case], (مَا هُوَ أَجْمَعُ لِأُصُولِ الأَحْكَامِ,) and furthest from the sophistications of interpretations not according to the obvious meanings. (Msb.) And هٰذَا أَحْوَطُ (assumed tropical:) This is more, or most, conducive to put [one] in a position of اِحْتِيَاط [or taking the course prescribed by prudence, precaution, or good judgment; &c.: see 8]. (Mgh.) The word أَحْوَطُ is from the phrase حَاطَ الحِمَارُ عَانَتَهُ; not from الاِحْتِيَاطُ; because the افعل of excess is not formed from a verb of five letters: (Msb:) or it is anomalous, like أَخْصَرُ from الاِخْتِصَارُ. (Mgh.) [It may be rendered More, or most, prudent: or more, or most, sure.]

تَحُوطُ and التَّحُوطُ &c.: see what next follows.

تُحِيطُ and ↓ تَحُوطُ (ISk, TS, K) and تَحِيطُ and تِحِيطُ and ↓ يَحِيطُ (TS, K) and ↓ التَّحُوطُ and التَّحِيطُ (L, K) [and ↓ تَحَوُّط and ↓ تحوَّط (mentioned, with the third and fourth, in Freytag's Arab. Prov., ii. 803, as on the authority of Fr,)] (tropical:) The year of dearth, scarcity, or straitness, that destroys the beasts, (Fr, K, * TA,) or men: (A, TA:) تَحُوطُ being from حَاطَ بِهِ in the sense of أَحَاطَ; or it is used as a term of good omen; accord. to the A. (TA.) You say, وَقَعُوا فِى

تُحِيطَ, &c., [the last word being a noun imperfectly decl., (tropical:) They fell into the affliction of a year of dearth, &c.] (ISk, TA.) تَحْويِطَةٌ A thing that is hung upon a boy to repel the evil eye: of the dial. of El-Yemen. (TA.) [See also حَوْطٌ.]

مَحَاطٌ A place behind the camels or other beasts and the people [to whom they belong], surrounding and protecting them: (K:) some say that أَرْضٌ مَحَاطٌ signifies land surrounded by a wall: if not so surrounded, it is termed ضَاحِيَةٌ. (TA.) فُلَانٌ مُحَاطٌ بِهِ (assumed tropical:) Such a one is slain; is destroyed. (TA.) مُحِيطٌ [act. part. n. of 4; Surrounding, encompassing, or enclosing: &c.] b2: It is said in the Kur [lxxxv. 20], وَاللّٰهُ مِنْ وَرَائِهِمْ مُحيِطٌ (assumed tropical:) and God, behind them, includeth them altogether within his power; not one shall escape Him. (TA.) And again, [xi. 85,] عَذَابَ يَوْمٍ مُحِيطٍ (assumed tropical:) The punishment of a day which shall beset on every side so that there shall be no place of escape from it: (TA:) or of a destructive day: meaning the day of resurrection: or the punishment [of a day] of extermination: the epithet, which is that of the punishment, being applied to the day because it includes it. (Bd.) And again, [ii. 18,] وَاللّٰهُ مُحِيطٌ بِالكَافِرِينَ, explained by Mujá-hid as signifying (assumed tropical:) And God will collect together the unbelievers on the day of resurrection. (TA.) كَرْمٌ مُحوَّطٌ A vine having a wall built around it. (S.) هُوَ مُحْتَاطٌ فِى أَمْرِهِ and فِيهِ ↓ مُسْتَحِيطٌ [He is taking the course prescribed by prudence, precaution, or good judgment; or using precaution; or taking the sure course; or seeking the most successful means, and taking the surest method; in his affair: see 8]. (TA.) مُسْتَحِيطٌ: see what next precedes.

يَحِيطٌ: see تُحِيطٌ.

حرك

1 حَرُكَ, aor. ـُ (IKtt, Msb, K,) inf. n. حَرَكٌ, (IKtt, Msb, MF,) or حَرْكٌ, with fet-h, (K,) as in the 'Eyn and O, but disallowed by MF, (TA,) [and probably transcribed from some lexicon in which, as is often the case, “with fet-h ” relates to the medial radical letter,] and حَرَكَةٌ, (K,) or this is an inf. n. of un.; (Msb; [but in general usage it is not thus restricted;]) and ↓ تحرّك [which is the more common]: (S, Msb, K:) [both signify the same; It, or he, moved; was, or became, in a state of motion. commotion, or agitation; shook, shook about, wabbled, tottered, waggled, wagged, or nodded: or the latter verb, more properly, it, or he, was put, or it put itself, or he put himself, in a state of motion, commotion, or agitation: and the latter also signifies he became active; said of a growing child, and of a young gazelle &c.: (see حَرِكٌ:)] the former is the contr. of سَكَنَ; (Msb, K;) and the latter is quasi-pass. of حَرَّكْتُهُ. (S, Msb, K.) A2: حَرَكَهُ, (AA, S, K,) aor. ـُ inf. n. حَرْكٌ, (S,) He hit, or hurt, his (a man's, AA, K) حَارِك. (AA, S, K.) Accord. to Fr, حَرَكَ حَارِكَهُ He cut his حَارِك. (TA.) And accord. to Az, حَرَكَهُ بِالسَّيْفِ, inf. n. حَرْكْ, He smote [meaning severed] his neck with the sword. (TA.) A3: حَرِكَ, aor. ـَ (IAar, K,) inf. n. حَرَكٌ, (TK,) He was, or became, incapable of coition (IAar, K) with women. (IAar, TA.) 2 حرّكهُ, [inf. n. تَحْرِيكٌ,] He moved; put in motion; put in a state of motion, commotion, or agitation; moved about; agitated, stirred, or shook; it, or him. (S, Msb, K.) [Hence,] حرّك

أَحْشَائِى [It agitated my bowels] is like the phrase حرّك مِنِّى [it agitated me], said by one who has been agitated by reason of an event or affair. (Ham p. 183.) b2: [He made it (a letter) movent; i. e., made it to be immediately followed by a vowel; contr. of سَكَّنَهُ.] b3: He urged him (a camel) to go, but he went not. (Ibn-'Abbád, Z.) 5 تحرّك: see 1. b2: [Also It (a letter) was, or became, movent; i. e., immediately followed by a vowel; contr. of سَكَنَ.]

حَرِكٌ, applied to a boy, Light, active, agile, brisk, lively, or sprightly; and sharp, or quick, in intellect. (S, K.) حَرَكَةٌ Motion; commotion; agitation; contr. of سُكُونٌ; (S, Msb, K; *) and so ↓ حَرَاكٌ, (S, Msb, K,) as in the phrase, مَا بِهِ حَرَاكٌ [There is not in him any motion]: (S, K:) and, accord. to El-Khafájee, حِرَاكٌ also; but this is disallowed by MF. (TA.) [The first, accord. to the Msb, is an inf. n. of un.: but see 1.] b2: [Also Activity: often used in this sense in the classical language, and in the present day. b3: And A letter's having a vowel immediately following: and a vowel itself.]

حَرْكَكَةٌ i. q. حَرْقَفَةٌ [q. v.]: (S: [in the K حُرْقُوفٌ, which is evidently a mistake:]) pl. حَرَاكِكُ and حَرَاكِيكُ, (S, K,) meaning the heads, (S, TA,) or extremities, (TA,) of the two hips, or haunches, that are next the ground when one sits: (S, TA:) in the latter pl., which is extr., the ى may be inserted for euphony, because of the double ك. (TA.) حُرْكُوكٌ: see حَارِكٌ.

حَرَاكٌ: see حَرَكَةٌ.

حَرِيكٌ Incapable of coition; (IAar, K;) applied to a man and to a horse. (IAar, TA in art. عجز.) b2: One who is weak in the waist, so that, when he walks, he is as though he were plucking up himself [or his feet] from the ground: (IDrd, K: *) fem. with ة. (K.) A man weak in the حَرَاكِيك [pl. of حَرْكَكَةٌ, q. v.]. (TA.) حَارِكٌ The كَاهِل [or withers]; (S;) as also ↓ حُرْكُوكٌ: (K:) and the branches of the two shoulder-blades of a horse: (S:) or the upper part of the كاهل (K) of a horse: (TA:) or a bone projecting from the two sides thereof, (K, TA,) bordered by the two branches of the two shoulder-blades: (TA:) or the place of growth of the lowest part of the mane, next the back, upon which he who mounts lays hold: (K:) or حَارِكَانِ signifies the place where the two shoulderblades meet. (Msb.) مَحْرَكٌ The upper extremity of the neck, (Az, K, TA,) at the joint of the head. (TA.) مُحَرِّكُ القُلُوبِ The Turner [or Mover] of hearts; [applied to God;] occurring in a trad., in which some read in its stead مُحَرِّفُ القُلُوبِ, meaning “ The Remover of hearts: ” (Fr, TA:) Abu-l-'Abbás says that the former is preferable. (TA.) مِحْرَاكٌ A thing, (S,) or piece of wood, (K,) with which a fire is stirred. (S, K.) b2: A style with which a receptacle for ink is stirred. (Lth, TA.) مُحْتَرِكٌ One who keeps, or cleaves, to the حَارِك of his camel. (Ibn-'Abbád, K.)

حجل

1 حَجَلَ, aor. ـُ and حَجِلَ, inf. n. حَجَلَانٌ (S, K) and حَجْلٌ, (K,) He walked having his legs shackled: (S:) or he raised one leg, and went slowly on the other leg: (M, K:) or he went with short steps, like him who has his legs shackled: (Ham p. 221:) and he raised one leg, and hopped on the other: (TA:) it is said of a bird: (S:) and it means, (S, K,) in like manner, (S,) as also ↓ حجّل, (TA,) he leaped in going; (S, K, TA;) said of a crow, or raven; (K, TA;) as leaps (يَحْجُلُ) the camel that is hocked [in one leg] upon three legs, and the boy upon one leg or upon two. (S.) A2: حَجَلَتْ عَيْنُهُ, aor. ـِ inf. n. حُجُولٌ; (K;) and ↓ حجّلت, (As, S. K,) inf. n. تَحْجِيلٌ; (As, S;) His eye sank, or became depressed, in his head; (As, S, K;) said of a man, and of a camel, and of a horse: (TA:) and ↓ حَوْجَلَ, alone, signifies the same; (Ibn-' Abbád, K;) said of a man. (Ibn-' Abbád, TA.) A3: حُجِلَ بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَهُ, inf. n. حَجْلٌ, An obstacle was made to intervene between him, or it, and him, or it. (K.) 2 حَجَّلَ [حجّل, inf. n, تَحْجِيلٌ, originally, He ornamented a woman, or her legs, with anklets: and he shackled a man, or a man's legs: see حِجْلٌ. b2: And hence,] حُجِّلَتْ قَوَائِمُهُ, inf. n. تَحْجِيلٌ, said of a horse, His legs were white in the lower parts, the whiteness extending [upwards] beyond the pasterns but not extending beyond the knees and hocks; because they [the lower parts of the leg] are the places of the احجال, i. e., the anklets, and the shackles. (S, TA.) [See تَحْجِيلٌ explained as a simple subst., below.] b3: [Hence also,] حَجَّلَتْ بَنَانَهَا She (a woman) coloured the dye of her fingers, or of the extremities of her fingers. (K, TA.) In the copies of the T, لَوَّثَتْ is put in the place of لَوَّنَتْ, app. by a mistake. (TA.) b4: [Hence also,] تَحْجِيلٌ in the وُضُوْء signifies The washing a portion of the عَضُد [or upper arm, perhaps a mistake for the ذِرَاع, or fore arm,] and a portion of the shank, while washing the hand and foot. (Msb.) b5: [Hence also,] حُجّلَ المقْرَى, (TA,) inf. n. as above, (K,) (tropical:) A little milk, as much as the measure of the تَحْجِيل of a horse, was poured into the bowl for the guest, or guests, and then the bowl was filled up with water; this being done in a case of dearth, or drought, and want of milk: (K, * TA:) or, accord. to As, it means the bowl for the guest, or guests, was concealed in the حَجَلَة, through niggardliness, in order that the owners might drink its contents. (TA.) b6: [Hence also, as تَحْجِيلٌ renders a horse conspicuous,] حَجَّلَ فُلَانٌ أَمْرَهُ (assumed tropical:) Such a one made his case, or affair, notorious, or public. (TA.) b7: See also 1, first sentence.

A2: حَجَّلَهَا, inf. n. as above, He made for her a حَجَلَة: (M, K:) or he brought her, or put her, therein. (O, K.) b2: [And hence حجّل signifies also He concealed a thing in the حَجَلَة: see above.]

A3: See also 1, second sentence.4 احجل البَعِيرَ He loosed the camel's shacklefrom his left fore leg, and fastened it upon the right: (S, O, K:) or, accord. to the M, he loosed it from his right fore leg, and fastened it upon the left. (TA.) Q. Q. 1 حَوْجَلَ: see 1.

حَجْلٌ: see what next follows.

حِجْلٌ and ↓ حَجْلٌ (S, Mgh, Msb, K) and ↓ حِجِلٌ (Sgh, K) and ↓ حِجِلٌّ (K) An anklet; or a pair of anklets; syn. خَلْخَالٌ: (S, Mgh, Msb, K:) and the first and second (S, Mgh, Msb, K) and third, as some say, (K,) by a metaphor, (Msb,) (tropical:) a shackle; or a pair of shackles, or hobbles; syn. قَيْدٌ: (S, Mgh, Msb, K:) and (assumed tropical:) the two rings of the قَيْد: (K:) pl. [of pauc.]

أَحْحَالٌ (S, Mgh, Msb, K) and [of mult.] حَجُولٌ. (Mgh, Msb, K.) You say, ↓ فِى سَاقَيْهَا حِجِلٌّ [or حِجْلٌ &c.] Upon her legs are anklets. (TA.) And القُيُودُ حُجُولُ الرِّجَالِ وَالحُجُولُ لِرَبَّاتِ الحِجَالِ, i. e. Shackles are the anklets of men; and anklets are [for the mistresses of the curtained canopies, i. e.,] for women. (TA.) And خَرَجَ يَجُرُّ رِجْلَيْهِ وَيُطَابِقُ فِى حِجْلَيْهِ [He went forth dragging his legs, and hobbling in his shackles]. (TA.) and [hence] فَرَسٌ بَادٍ حُجُولُهُ i. q. مُحَجَّلٌ [q. v.]. (TA.) A2: Also, the first, Whiteness: (M, K:) pl. أَحْجَالٌ. (K.) حَجَلٌ [The partridge; or partridges; comprising several species, of which those most commonly known appear to be identical with the Barbary partridge and the Greek partridge; both red-legged: accord. to Forskål, ( “ Descr. Animal.,” pp. vii. and 11,) applied both to this bird, tetrao perdix, and also to the phasianus meleagris:] a well-known bird; (Msb;) i. q. قَبْجٌ: (ISh, S:) or the male of the قَبْج: (K:) or the females of the يَعَاقِيب [pl. of يَعْقُوبٌ, q. v.]: (Lth:) also called دجاج البر [دَجَاجُ البَرِّ]: there are two species; نجد ى [نَجْدِ ىٌّ of Nejd] and تهامى [تِهَامِىٌّ of Tihámeh]: the former species is أَخْضَرُ [here meaning of a dark, or an ashy, dust-colour], with red feet [or legs]; the latter, of the former colour intermixed with white: but نجدى is found used for the male: and غرغرة and بنت السعد ى, for the female: (Dmr, cited by Freytag:) a single bird of the kind is called ↓ حَجَلَةٌ: (S, Msb, K:) حَجَلٌ is a pl., as also حِجْلَانٌ and ↓ حِجْلَى; (S;) or [rather] حَجَلٌ is a coll. gen. n., (Msb, K,) and the pl., (Msb,) or quasi-pl. n., (K,) is ↓ حِجْلَى (Msb, K;) which is the only instance of its kind except ظِرْبَى: (S, K: in a copy of the Msb ظئرى:) its flesh is of moderate temperament. (K, TA,) more delicate than that of the دُرَّاج and that of the فَوَاخِت, and very fattening: (TA:) the swallowing half a mithkál of its liver is good for the epilepsy; and the introduction of its gall-bladder into the nose once in every month sharpens the intellect greatly, and strengthens the sight: (K:) its flesh is good for the dropsy, benefits the stomach, and increases the venereal faculty. (Ibn-Seenà, TA.) b2: Also, (S,) or ↓ حَجَلَةٌ, of which حَجَلٌ is pl., (K,) or حَجَلَةٌ is n. un. of حَجَلٌ, [which is a coll. gen. n.,] (S,) The young offspring of camels; the little ones thereof. (S, K.) b3: دِبِّى حَجَلْ A certain game (Fr, K) of the Arabs of the desert. (Fr.) A2: See also حَجَلَةٌ.

حِجِلٌ: see حِجْلٌ, in three places.

حِجِلٌّ: see حِجْلٌ, in three places.

حَجَلَةٌ [A kind of curtained canopy or alcove or the like, prepared for a bride;] a thing like a قُبَّة: (M, K:) and a place, (K,) or a tent, or pavilion, or chamber, (بَيْتٌ,) (S,) adorned with cloths (S, K) and with raised couches (S) and with curtains, for a bride: (S, K:) or the curtain of the bride, within a بَيْت [meaning tent, or pavilion, or chamber]: (Mgh:) pl. حِجَالٌ (S, Mgh, K) and [coll. gen. n.] ↓ حَجَلٌ. (K.) [See أَرِيكَةٌ, and مِنَصَّةٌ.]

A2: See also حَجَلٌ, in two places.

حِجْلَى: see حَجَلٌ, in two places.

حَجْلَآءُ, applied to a ewe, (S, * K, * TA,) Whose fore and hind shanks are white, (S, K, TA,) and the rest of her black: os in the M and O. (TA.) [See also خَدْمَآءُ, voce أَخْدَمُ.]

حَجِيلٌ A horse that is مُحَجًّل [q. v.] in three legs. (Fr, Kudot.) حَاجِلٌ [part. n. of حَجَلَ] has for its pl. حُجَّلٌ, which is applied by Jereer to crows or ravens [as meaning Leaping in going, as though shackled]. (TA.) [The fem. pl.] حَاجِلَاتٌ is also applied to camels, (Sudot, Kudot,) meaning That have been smitten in their legs, (Sudot,) or that have been ham strung, (Kudot,) and in consequence walk not on all of their legs. (Sudot, Kudot.) حَوْجَلَةٌ (Sudot, Kudot, &c.) and حَوْجَلَّةٌ, (M, Kudot,) like حَوْصَلَةٌ and حَوْصَلَّةٌ, and دَوْخَلَةٌ and دَوْخَلَّةٌ, &c., (TA,) A flask, or bottle; syn. قَارُورةٌ: (Kudot:) or a small قارورة with a wide head, (S, M, O,) [the head] resembling a سُكُرُّجَة and the like: (M, TA:) or a قارورة large in the lower part: (K:) or one like the قَوَارِير of [the kind of perfume called] ذَرِيرَة: (TA:) pl. حَوَاجلُ and حَوَاجِيلُ; (M, K;) in the latter of which, the ى may be inserted by poetic license, or as a substitute for one of the ل s in حوجلّة. (M, TA.) [See also حَوْقَلَةٌ.]

تَحْجِيلٌ [inf. n. of 2, q. v.: and also used as a simple subst., signifying] Whiteness in the legs of a horse, (S, K,) all of them; (K;) or in three of the legs: (S;) in the two hind legs and a fore leg; (K;) or in a hind leg and the two fore legs; (TA;) or in the two hind legs (S, K) only; (K;) or in one hind leg only; (K;) but not in the two fore legs alone, nor in one fore leg without the other, unless with the two hind legs, (AO, S, K, TA,) or with one hind leg; (A O, S, TA;) whether little or much, so that it extends [upwards] beyond the pastern but not beyond the knee and hock. (S.) b2: Also A whiteness in a she-camel's teats, occasioned by the صِرَار [q. v.]. (K.) b3: And, accord. to ISk and the K, A certain mark made with a hot iron upon a came;: but Sgh says that the right word is تَحْجِينٌ, with ن. (TA.) مُحَجَّلٌ Wearing أَحْجَال, i. e. anklets; [or adorned therewith;] applied to a woman [without ة because men do not wear anklets]: if applied to a man, shackled. (Ham p. 238.) b2: [and hence,] applied to a horse, (S Mgh, Msb, K,) Having what is termed تَحْجِيلٌ, as explained in the first sentence of the paragraph next preceding; (S, K;) as also ↓ مَحْجُولٌ: (K:) white in the place of the anklet, and above that; wherefore the horse is thus termed: (Ham p. 53:) having his legs, (Mgh, Msb,) all four, (Mgh,) white; the whiteness extending [upwards] beyond the pasterns, (Mgh, Msb,) to a third, (Mgh,) or to half, (Mgh, Msb,) or thereabout, (Msb,) or to two thirds, (Mgh,) of the shank. (Mgh, Msb.) When the whiteness is in all the four legs, he is termed مُحَجَّلُ أَرْبَعٍ: when in the two hind legs, مُحَجَّلُ الرِّجْلَيْنِ: when in one of the hind legs, extending [upwards] beyond the pastern, مُحَجَّلُ الرِّجْلِ اليُمْنَى: when in three legs, exclusive of a hind leg or of a fore leg, اليُسْرَى

ثَلَاثٍ مُطْلَقُ يَدٍ or رِجْلٍ: when in the fore leg and hind leg of one side, مُمْسَكُ الأَيَامِنِ مُطْلَقُ الأَيَاسِرِ or مُمْسَكُ الأَيَاسِرِ مُطْلَقُ الأَيَامِنِ: when on opposite sides, whether little or much, مَشْكُولٌ. (S.) Hence, in a trad., أُمَّتِى الغُرُّ المُحَجَّلُونَ يَوْمَ القِيَامَةِ مِنْ آثَارِ الوُضُوْءِ (assumed tropical:) [My followers will be those having a whiteness on the forehead and on the wrists and ankles, on the day of resurrec tion, from the effects of the ablution for prayer]. (TA.) [Hence also, because the horse that is مَحَجَّل is conspicuous,] رَكِبَ الشَّادِخَةَ المُحَجَّلَةَ (assumed tropical:) He committed a bad and notorious deed. (S in art. شدخ, q. v.) And the saying of El-Jaadee, satirizing Leylà El-Akhyaleeyeh, فَقَدْ رَكِبَتْ أَمْرًا أَغَرَّ مُحَجَّلَا (assumed tropical:) [For she has committed a glaring, notorious deed]. (Az, TA.) And يَوْمٌ أَغَرُّ مُحَجَّلٌ (assumed tropical:) A day bright and beaming with happiness and cheerfulness. (Har p. 377.) b3: Also A she-camel's udder having a whiteness in the teats, occasioned by the صِرَار [q. v.]. (K.) A2: A woman who keeps, or cleaves, to the حِجَال [pl. of حَجَلَةٌ]: and in like manner, a man; meaning (assumed tropical:) one who keeps much, or habitually, to the company of women. (Ham p. 238.) مَحْجُولٌ see مُحَجَّلٌ.

بوب

1 بَابَ لَهُ, aor. ـُ (M, K,) quasi-inf. n., if there be such a verb, بِوَابَةٌ, with the و not changed into ى because it is not an inf. n. properly speaking, but a subst., (Lth, T,) He was, or became, a door-keeper, or gate-keeper, to him; (M, K;) namely, a Sultán (M) [or other person].2 بوّب [app., (assumed tropical:) He practised what are termed أَبْوَابُ الحَرْبِ, meaning the expedients, tricks, or stratagems, of war, battle, or fight. b2: And hence,] (assumed tropical:) He charged upon, attacked, or assaulted, the enemy. (AA, T.) A2: بَوَّبْتُ الأَشْيَآءَ (assumed tropical:) I made the things to be divided into distinct أَبْوَاب [meaning kinds, or sorts; or I disposed, arranged, distributed, or classified, the things under distinct heads]. (Msb.) And بوّب الأَبْوَابَ (assumed tropical:) [He disposed, arranged, distributed, classified, or set in order, the kinds, sorts, classes, chapters, heads, or the like]. (TA voce أَصَّلَ, q. v.) And بوّب المُؤَلِّفُ كِتَابَهُ (assumed tropical:) [The author disposed, or divided, his book in, or into, distinct chapters]. (A.) [See بَابٌ.]5 تبوّب, (A,) or تبوّب بَوَّابًا, (S, M, K,) He took for himself a door-keeper, or gate-keeper. (S, M, A, K.) بَابٌ, originally بَوَبٌ, (M, Msb,) A door; a gate; a place of entrance: and the thing with which a place of entrance, such as a door or gate, is closed; of wood &c.: (MF, TA:) pl. أَبْوَابٌ (S, M, Msb, K) and بِيبَانٌ (M, K) and أَبْوِبَةٌ, (S, M, K,) [a pl. of pauc., said to be] only used for conformity with another word mentioned therewith, as in the saying (of Ibn-Mukbil, so in a copy of the S), هَتَّاكُ أَخْبِيَةٍ وَ لَّاجُ أَبْوِبَةٍ

[A frequent render of tents, a frequent enterer of doors], (S, M,) not being allowable when occurring alone; (S;) but IAar and Lh assert that it is a pl. of باب without its being used for conformity with another word; (M;) and this is extr.; (M, K;) for باب is of the measure فَعَلٌ, and a word of this measure has not a pl. of the measure أَفْعِلَةٌ [by rule]. (M.) You say, بَابٌ الدَّارِ [The door of the house]; and بَابُ البَيْتِ [the door of the house, and of the chamber, and of the tent]; (Msb;) and بَابُ البَلَدِ [the gate of the town or city]. (The Lexicons &c. passim.) and Bishr Ibn-Abee-Házim assigns a باب to a grave; calling the latter a بَيْت. (M.) It is also applied to an opening, or a channel, made for water, to irrigate seed-produce: pl. أَبْوَابٌ. (Mgh.) [and in Egypt, it is applied also to A sepulchral chamber, grotto, or cave, hewn in a mountain; from the Coptic βηβ: pl. بِيبَانٌ only.] b2: Hence, i. e. in a secondary application, the primary signification being “ a place of entrance,” it is used as meaning (tropical:) A means of access, or of attainment, to a thing: (B, Kull, TK:) as in the saying, هٰذَا العِلْمُ بَابٌ إِلَى عِلْمِ كَذَا (tropical:) This science is a means of attainment to such a science. (B, TK.) b3: [And hence, (assumed tropical:) An expedient, a trick, a stratagem, or a process, by which something is to be effected pl. أَبْوَابٌ: as in أَبْوَابُ الحَرْبِ the expedients. &c. of war, battle, or fight; and بَابٌ مِنَ النُّجُومِ a process of the science of the stars, meaning astrology or astronomy; and بَابٌ مِنَ السِّحْرِ a process of enchantment; see an ex. voce سِحْرٌ. Compare Matt. xvi. 18, πύλαι ᾅδου οὐ κατισχύσουσιν αύτης, probably meaning “ the stratagems of Hell shall not prevail against it. ”] b4: [Also (assumed tropical:) A mode, kind, sort, class, or category.] Suweyd Ibn-Kuráa uses metaphorically the pl. أَبْوَاب in relation to rhymes; saying, أَتَيْتُ بِأَبْوَابِ القَوَافِى كَأَنَّمَا

أَذُودُ بِهَا سِرْبًا مِنَ الوَحْشِ نُزَّعَا (tropical:) [I gave utterance to the various kinds of rhymes as though I were driving with them a herd of wild animals desirous of the males, or of their wonted places of pasture]. (M, L.) [You say also, هُوَ مِنْ هٰذَا البَابِ (assumed tropical:) It is of this mode, kind, sort, class, or category: a phrase of frequent occurrence in lexicons &c. See also بَابَةٌ.] b5: [Also (assumed tropical:) A chapter; and sometimes a section, or subdivision, of a chapter; of a book or writing;] conventionally, (assumed tropical:) a piece consisting of words relating to matters of one kind; and sometimes, to matters of one species: (Kull:) pl. أَبْوَابٌ. (A.) See also بَابَةٌ. b6: [Also (assumed tropical:) A head, or class of items or articles, in an account, or a reckoning; as in the saying,] بَيَّنْتُ لَهُ حِسَابَهُ بَابًا بَابًا (assumed tropical:) [I explained, or made clear, to him his account, or reckoning, head by head, or each class of items or articles by itself]; a phrase mentioned by Sb: (M:) [or, sometimes,] بَابٌ (M, K) and ↓ بَابَةٌ (T, M, K) are used in relation to حُدُود [which here means the punishments so termed], and to an account, or a reckoning, (T, M, K,) and the like, (T, M,) as signifying the extreme term or limit; syn. غَايَةٌ; (M, K;) but IDrd hesitated respecting this, and therefore it is not mentioned in the S. (TA.) بَابَةٌ (assumed tropical:) A mode, or manner; syn. وَجْهٌ: (ISk, K:) pl. بَابَاتٌ. (K.) [See also بَابٌ, which has a similar, and perhaps the same, signification.] Hence, هٰذَا مِنْ بَابَتِى means (assumed tropical:) This is of the mode, or manner, that I desire; (TA;) this is suitable to me: (IAmb, TA:) and هٰذَا شَىْءٌ مِنْ بَابَتِكَ, (S,) or هٰذَا بَابَتُكَ, (A,) (assumed tropical:) this is a thing suitable to thee: (S, A:) and هٰذَا بَابَتُهُ (assumed tropical:) this is suitable to him. (K.) Accord. to most of the critics, it is tropical. (TA.) You say also, فُلَانٌ

أَهْوَنُ بَابَاتِهِ الكَذِبُ (assumed tropical:) Such a one, the lightest of the kinds (أَنْوَاع) of his wickedness is lying. (A.) b2: (assumed tropical:) A habit: a property; a quality; nature; natural disposition: or a practice; or an action: syn. خَصْلَةٌ. (Abu-l-'Omeythil, TA.) [Hence, perhaps, the last of the exs. cited above from the A.] b3: (assumed tropical:) A condition; syn. شَرْطٌ: as in the saying, هذَا بَابَةُ هٰذَا (assumed tropical:) [This is the condition of this]. (M, K. *) b4: بَابَاتُ الكِتَابِ (assumed tropical:) The lines of the book or writing: (M, A, K:) or it may mean its ↓ أَبْوَاب [i. e. chapters, or sections of chapters]: (M:) this has no sing.: (A, K:) [ISd says,] I have not heard any sing. of it. (M.) b5: See also بَابٌ; last signification.

بَوْبَاةٌ A desert; or a desert in which is no water; syn. فَلَاةٌ: (T, IJ, M, K:) as also مَوْمَاةٌ; (T, MF;) the ب being changed into م, as is often the case. (MF.) [It is mentioned in the S, and again in the K, in art. بو, as syn. with مَفَازَةٌ.]

بِوَابَةٌ The office, or occupation, of a door-keeper, or gate-keeper. (M, K.) [See 1.]

بَوَّابٌ A door-keeper, or gate-keeper. (S, * M, Msb, K, TA.) أَبْوَابٌ مُبَوَّبَةٌ (assumed tropical:) [Kinds, sorts, classes, chapters, heads, or the like, disposed, arranged, distributed, classified, or set in order,] is a phrase similar to أَصْنَافٌ مُصَنَّفَةٌ. (S.) You say also كِتَابٌ مُبَوَّبٌ (assumed tropical:) [A book disposed in, or divided into, distinct chapters]. (A.) Quasi بوج بَاجٌ; pl. أَبْوَاجٌ: see art. بأج. Az mentions it as without ء: ISk, as with ء. (ISd, TA.)

بيت

1 بَاتَ, (T, S M, &c.,) aor. ـِ and يَبَاتُ, (S, Msb, K,) inf. n. بَيْتُوتَةٌ (Lth, T, S A, Msb, K) and مَبِيتٌ (Msb, K) and مَبَاتٌ (Msb) and بَيْتٌ and بَيَاتٌ, (K,) has two meanings: in that which more commonly obtains, the action is restricted to the night: (Msb:) it is by night, or in night; not in sleep: (M:) you say, بَاتَ يَفْعَلُ كَذَا, meaning He did such a thing by night, or at night: (S, Msb, K:) [or he was in the night, or at night, or during the night, doing such a thing: and he passed, or spent, the night, or a night, or a part thereof, or, as will be seen below, he entered upon the night, doing such a thing:] like as one says, ظَلَّ يَفْعَلُ كَذَا as meaning “ he did such a thing by day,” or “ at day-time: ” (S, Msb;*) IKoot and Es-Sarakustee and IKtt say that it has this meaning, and not “ he slept: ” (Msb:) [F adds,] وَ لَيْسَ مِنَ النَّوْمِ, (K,) which is said to mean, “and the action is not one of sleep; ” so that when one sleeps by night, or at night, it is not correct to say, بَاتَ يَنَامُ: or, accord. to some, “its meaning is not that of sleeping; ” so that one may say, بَاتَ زَيْدٌ نَائِمًا [Zeyd was in the night, &c., or passed, or spent, the night, &c., sleeping]: (MF:) [Fei says,] it is only when one remains awake in the night: and hence the saying in the Kur [xxv. 65], وَالَّذِينَ يَبِيتُونَ لِرَّبِهِمْ سُجَّدًا وَقِيامًا [and those who pass the night prostrating themselves to their Lord and standing up in prayer]: (Msb:) Fr says that بَاتَ الرَّجُلُ means The man remained awake all the night, engaged in acts of obedience or of disobedience: (T, Msb:) [or it means the man entered upon the night; or he was in the night, or at night, or during the night, in any state, or engaged in any action; for] Zj says, (M,) بَاتَ is said of any one whom the night has overtaken, (M, K, *) whether he have slept or not slept: (M:) and Lth says, البَيْتُوتَةُ signifies the entering upon the night: one says, بِتُّ أَصْنَعُ كَذَا وَ كَذَا [I entered upon the night doing such and such things]: and he adds, (T,) he who says بَاتَ as meaning he slept commits an error; for you say, بِتُّ أُرَاعِى

النُّجُومَ [I entered upon, or passed, the night] looking at the stars: and how can he be sleeping who is looking at them? (T, Msb:) but Mullà 'Abd-El-Hakeem, in his Commentaries on the Mutowwal, says that بَاتَ sometimes means he remained, continued, stayed, or dwelt, and he alighted and abode, by night, or at night, whether he slept or not: (MF:) and Ibn-Keysán says that it may be used in the same manner as نَامَ [he slept]; and also, [as will be explained below,] in the same manner as كَانَ. (TA.) You say, بَاتَ بَيْتُوتَةً صَالِحَةً (T) or طَيِّبَةً (A) [He passed, or entered upon, the night, or a night, in a good manner]. And بِتُّ القَوْمَ and بِتُّ بِهِمْ and بِتُّ عِنْدَهُمْ [I passed, or entered upon, the night, or a night, with, or at the abode of, the people, or company of men: the last of these phrases is the most common]. (A 'Obeyd, M, K.) b2: Secondly, it is used in the sense of صَارَ [He became]; (Msb;) or in the same manner as كَانَ [he was]. (Ibn-Keysán, TA.) One says, بَاتَ بِمَوْضِعِ كَذَا He became [or was] in such a place; whether in night-time or in day-time. (Msb.) And hence the saying of the lawyers, بَاتَ عِنْدَ امْرَأَتِهِ لَيْلَةً He became [or was] with his wife one night; [which is the same as he passed a night &c.; though this, it will be observed, is not in this instance the signification of the verb alone;] whether sleeping or not. (Msb.) b3: [Thus it is used both as a “ complete,” i. e. an attributive, verb, and also as an “ incomplete,” i. e. a non-attributive, verb.] b4: بَاتَ, aor. ـِ (T, A,) inf. n. بَيْتٌ, (T, M, K,) also signifies (tropical:) He married, or took a wife: (T, A:) [see بَيْتٌ below:] or (assumed tropical:) he gave in marriage; syn. of the inf. n. تَزْوِيجٌ. (Kr, M, K.) 2 بيّت البَيْتَ He constructed, or built, the بَيْت [i. e. tent, or house, &c.]. (M.) A2: بيّت الأَمْرِ, [inf. n. as below,] He did, or performed, the thing, or affair, by night, or at night: (M:) and he thought, or meditated, upon it, considering its end, or issue, or result, (Zj, T, S, M, A, Msb, K,) or entered into it, (Zj, T,) by night, or at night. (Zj, T, S, M, &c.) And one says, بُيِّتَ بِلَيْلٍ, (T, A,) meaning the same as دُبِّرَ بِلَيْلِ [It was thought, or meditated, upon, &c., by night, or at night]: (T:) [for] بُيِّتَ الشَّىْءُ also signifies [simply] the thing was thought upon, and considered as to its end, issue, or result; syn. قُدِّرَ. (S.) Accord. to El-Marzookee, they say of a thing that is not done deliberately, and with good consideration of its issue or result, هٰذَا أَمْرٌ قُدِّرَ بِلَيْلٍ; [in the text from which this is taken, without the syll. signs;] and hence the saying in the Kur [iv. 83], بَيَّتَ طَائِفَةٌ مِنْهُمْ غَيْرِ الَّذِى تَقُولُ [A part of them meditateth by night upon doing otherwise than that which thou sayest; as is indicated in the M, where this is cited; and in like manner, يُبَيِّتُونَ, in the continuation of the same passage of the Kur, is explained in the T as meaning يُدَبِّرُونَ, and يُــقَدِّرُــونَ, (i. e. مِنَ السُّوْءِ,) لَيْلًا]: but Aboo-Hilál says that a thing is meditated upon in the night in order that one may apply himself to it with strong purpose, and not be diverted by other things, so that it may be done with more firmness; and he cites the same passage of the Kur. (Ham p. 130.) And hence, in the Kur [iv. 108], إِذْ يُبَيِّتُونَ مَا لَا يَرْضَى مِنَ القَوْلِ When they meditate, &c., (S, M, Bd, Jel,) by night, (S, M,) [what He will not approve, of speech,] and prepare it [in their minds] (يُزَوِّرُونَهُ [see art. زور]). (Bd.) It is said in a trad., لَا صِيَامَ لِمَنْ لَمْ يُبَيِّتِ الصِّيَامَ There is no fasting to him [meaning his fasting is null] who does not purpose it from the night. (TA. [See another reading, voce بَتَّ.]) and you say, بَيَّتَ النِّيَّةَ He decided upon the purpose, or intention, by night, or in night-time. (Msb.) And بَيَّتَ رَأْيَهُ He thought upon his opinion, and concealed it, or conceived it, in his mind. (TA.) b2: بَيَّتَهُمْ, (inf. n. تَبْيِيتٌ, (Msb, TA,) He came upon them, (Mgh, but the verb is there pl.,) or made a sudden attack upon them, and engaged with them in conflict, (Msb,) or made a great slaughter among them, or engaged with them in vehement conflict, (S, M, K,) namely, the enemy, (S, Mgh, K,) or a people, (M,) by night: (S, M, Mgh, Msb, K:) he came upon them (the sons of such a one) in the night, and made a sudden attack upon them, while they were heedless: (T:) he attacked them (the people of a house or place of abode) by night: he went to them (the enemy) in the night, without their knowledge, and took them by surprise. (TA.) b3: كَانَ لَا يُبَيِّتُ مَا لاًا وَلَا يُقَيِّلُهُ He used not to retain property until night, nor to retain it until noon, when it came to him; but used to hasten the dividing of it. (TA, from a trad.) b4: See also 4.

A3: بيّت النَّخْلَ He trimmed, or pruned, the palm-trees, by cutting off the stumps of the branches, or by cutting off the straggling branches, not in the best part thereof. (K.) A4: See also 5.4 اباتهُ, inf. n. إِبَاتَةٌ, He (God) made him, or caused him, to pass, or spend, the night, [or a part thereof,] or to enter upon the night. (T, M, K.) You say, أَبَاتَكَ اللّٰهُ حَسَنَةً [May God make thee to pass, or enter upon, the night with happiness], (S,) and إِبَاتَةً حَسَنَةً [in a good manner of doing so]. (T, A.) And [in like manner,] ↓ بَيَّتَكَ اللّٰهُ فِى عَافِيَةٍ [May God make thee to pass, or enter upon, the night in health and safety]. (A.) And أَبَاتَهُ اللّٰهُ أَحْسَنَ بِيتَةٍ God made him to pass, or enter upon, the night in the best manner of doing so. (M, K. *) 5 تبيّتهُ عَنْ حَاجَتِهِ [so in the TA and in a MS. copy of the K: in the CK ↓ بَيَّتَهُ:] He withheld, or debarred, him from the thing that he wanted. (K.) 10 إِسْتَبْيَتَ [استبات seems to signify He asked for, or required, بِيت, or بِيتَة i. e. food: (see مُسْتَبِيتٌ:) and also to have the contr. signification; i. e. b2: He possessed food: for you say,] لَا يَسْتَبِيتُ لَيْلَةً He possesses not a night's food. (T, K.) and لَا يَسْتَبِيتُ He has not food. (A.) بَيْتٌ [signifies A tent; properly, having more than one pole; but often applied without this restriction: and also a house; a chamber; an apartment; a closet; and the like]: a بَيْت is [a tent] of [goats'] hair (شَعَر), (M, A, Mgh, Msb, K,) or of wool: (Mgh:) a بيت of hair [i. e. hair-cloth] is that kind [of tent] which has more than one pole: the word is masc.: and applies to small and large: (M:) tents of goats' hair are peculiar to people of cold countries and of fertile regions, where the goats have abundant hair; for the goats of the Arabs of the desert have short hair, not long enough to be spun: (T in art. بنى:) a خِبَآء is a small بيت of wool or of hair: a بيت is what is larger than a خبآء: next is the مِظَلَّة, which is larger than the بيت; but the term بيت is also applied to a مظلّة when it is large and مُرَوَّق [i. e. furnished with a رِوَاق, q. v.]: (T:) Ibn-El-Kelbee says that the Arabs have six kinds of بيت; namely, a قُبَّة, which is of skins, or tanned hides; a مِظَلَّة, of hair; a خِبَآء, of wool; a بِجَاد, of soft hair (وَبَر); a خَيْمَة, of trees; an أُقْنَة, of stone; and a سَوْط, of hair; or this is the smallest of them: El-Baghdádee says that the خباء is a بيت made of soft hair (وَبَر), or of wool, or of hair [commonly so called] (شَعَر), upon two poles, or three; and that a بيت is [a tent] upon six poles, or more, to the number of nine: in the Towsheeh it is said that the term خباء is applied to a بيت of any kind: (TA:) a بيت is also [a structure] of clay, or tough or cohesive clay or earth; (A, K;) [and of baked bricks; and of stone;] the name being likewise applied to a structure of a kind other than the structures which are called أَخْبِيَة [or tents]; (M;) signifying a habitation [of any kind; an abode; a dwelling]: (Msb:) a man's house; syn. دَارٌ: (T:) [and particularly a chamber; i. e.] a single roofed structure (Mgh, Kull) having a place of entrance; مَنْزِلٌ being applied to what comprises more than one [such] بيت, and a roofed صَحْن [or vacant part, and a kitchen, inhabited by a man with his family]; and دَارٌ, that which comprises more than one [such] بيت and more than one [such] مَنْزِل and a [court, or] صَحْن without a roof: (Kull:) the pl. is بُيُوتٌ, (S, M, K, &c.,) also pronounced بِيُوتٌ, (TA,) and أَبْيَاتٌ, (S, M, K,) the latter a pl. of pauc.; (TA;) and pl. pl. بُيُوتَاتٌ (M, Mgh, K) and أَبَايِيتُ (Sb, S, M, K) and أَبْيَاوَاتٌ, (Fr, M, K,) which last is extr.: (M:) the dim. is ↓ بُيَيْتٌ, also pronounced ↓ بِيَيْتٌ; (S, K;) and the vulgar say, بُوَيْتٌ, (S,) which is not allowable. (K.) You say, هُوَ جَارِى

بَيْتَ بَيْتَ, (T, S, M,) He is my neighbour [tent to tent, or house to house, i. e.,] by contiguity [of our habitations]: بيت بيت being made indecl. with fet-h for the termination because they are two nouns made one: (S:) Sb says that some of the Arabs make them [thus] indecl., like خَمْسَةَ عَشَرَ, and some make the former a prefixed noun governing the latter in the gen. case, [saying بَيْتَ بَيْتٍ,] except when used as a denotative of state: (M:) one says also, بَيْتًا لِبَيْتٍ, and بَيْتٌ لِبَيْتٍ; (Fr, T;) which last, or بَيْتٌ إِلَى بَيْتٍ, is the original form. (Har p. 353.) بَنَى فُلَانٌ عَلَى

امْرَأَتِهِ [lit. Such a one constructed a tent over his wife,] means such a one had his wife conducted to him on the occasion of his marriage, and brought her, or had her brought, into a pitched tent, having conveyed thither the utensils and furniture and other things that they required. (T.) And أَهْلُ بَيْتُ النَّبِىِّ [The people of the house of the Prophet,] means the Prophet's wives and his daughter and 'Alee: and so أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ [i. e. يَخُصُّ أَهْلَ البَيْتِ He means particularly, or peculiarly, the people of the house], in the Kur xxxiii. 33: بَنُو and مَعْشَر and أَهْل and آل, as prefixed nouns, being, as Sb says, the nouns most frequently occurring in the accus. case [for the reason indicated above, or, as the Arabian grammarians express it,] عَلَى

الاِخْتِصَاصِ. (M.) b2: It also signifies A [pavilion, palace, or mansion, such as is called] قَصْر: (T, K:) whence the saying of Gabriel, بَشِّرْ خَدِيجَةَ بِبَيْتٍ مِنْ قَصَبٍ, i. e. [Rejoice thou Khadeejeh by the announcement of] a pavilion (قصر) of hollow pearls, (T, TA,) or of emerald. (TA. [See also art. قصب.]) بُيُوتًا غَيْرَ مَسْكُونَةٍ [Uninhabited houses], in the Kur xxiv. 29, means buildings for the reception of travellers, or for merchants and their goods, and the shops of the merchants and places in which things are sold, the entering of which is allowed by their owners: or ruins which a man enters for the purpose of easing nature. (M.) And the بُيُوت which God has permitted to be raised, mentioned in the same chapter, verse 36, are Mosques, or places of worship: or, accord. to El-Hasan, Jerusalem (بَيْتُ المَقْدِسِ); the pl. being applied to it as a mark of honour. (Zj, M.) البَيْتُ [The House] applies particularly to (tropical:) the Kaabeh [of Mekkeh]; (K;) as also بَيْتُ اللّٰهِ [the House of God]; (AAF, M;) and البَيْتُ الحَرَامُ [the Sacred House]; (T;) and البَيْتُ العَتِيقُ [the Ancient House]; (S and K &c. in art. عتق;) and accord. to some, البَيْتُ المَعْمُورُ, q. v. (Bd in lii. 4.) [بَيْتُ المَالِ signifies The treasury of the state. And بَيْتُ المَآءِ is a euphemism for The privy; because water is put there for the purpose of ablution: also called بَيْتُ الفَرَاغِ, &c.] b3: Also (assumed tropical:) The ark of Noah: so in the Kur lxxi. last verse. (T.) b4: (tropical:) A grave; (M, IAth, K;) app. by way of comparison. (M.) So in a trad. of Aboo-Dharr: كَيْفَ تَصْنَعُ إِذَا مَاتَ النَّاسُ حَتَّى

يَكُونُ البَيْتُ بِالوَصِيفِ, meaning How will thou do when men shall die so that the grave shall be sold for the [servant-] boy? (IAth.) b5: (assumed tropical:) The habitation of the سُرْفَة, which it constructs in a beautiful manner, (A'Obeyd, M,) of fragments of sticks; (Yaakoob, M;) and of the صَيْدَنَانِىّ, which it makes in the interior of the earth, and covers over: (A'Obeyd, M:) and (assumed tropical:) the burrow, or hole, of the ضَبّ &c.: and (assumed tropical:) the web of the spider: all, app., as being likened to the بَيْت of a man. (M.) b6: (tropical:) A man's household. (S, K, TA.) b7: (tropical:) The wife (As, IAar, T, M, A) of a man. (M, A.) So in the saying, أَكِبَرٌ غَيَّرَنِى أمْ بَيْتُ [Hath old age altered me, or a wife?]: (As, T:) or here it means a household. (S.) b8: The nobility of the Arabs; (T, Msb, K; *) as when one says, بَيْتُ تَمِيمٍ فِى بَنِى حَنْظَلَةَ [The nobility of Temeem is in the sons of Handhaleh]: (T, Msb: *) or the family that comprises the nobility of a tribe; as آلُ حِصْنٍ of the فَزَارِيُّون, and آلُ الجُدَّيْنِ of the شَيْبَانِيُّون, and آلُ عَبْدِ المَدَانِ of the حَارِثِيُّون; which three were asserted by Ibn-El-Kelbee to be the highest of the families thus called of the Arabs: (M:) [see a verse of El-Lahabee cited voce أَخْضَرُ:] pl. بُيُوتٌ and بُيُوتَاتٌ, (T, M,) the latter being pl. of the former. (T.) You say, هُوَ مِنْ أَهْلِ البُيُوتَاتِ He is of the people of nobility: and مِنْ بَيْتٍ كَرِيمٍ [of a generous, or noble, house, or family]. (A.) [See also بَنَى.] b9: A noble person: (M, Mgh, K:) pl. بُيُوتٌ and بُيُوتَاتٌ. (Mgh.) You say, فُلَانٌ بَيْتُ قَوْمِهِ Such a one is the noble person of his people. (Abu-l-'Omeythil El-Aarabee, M.) b10: (tropical:) The [furniture termed]

فَرْش, (A, Mgh, K,) or مَتَاع, (TA,) of a tent or house, (Mgh, K,) or that is sufficient for a tent or house. (A.) You say, تَزَوَّجْتُ فُلَانَةَ عَلَى بَيْتٍ (tropical:) I married, or took as a wife, such a woman for [my giving] furniture sufficient for a tent or house, (A,) or furniture of a house or tent. (Mgh.) [See 1, last sentence.] b11: A بَيْت of poetry, (T, S, M, Msb,) or of the poet, (K,) is (tropical:) [A verse; i. e.] what consists of certain known divisions [or feet] called أَجْزَآءُ التَّفْعِيلِ; being termed بيت metaphorically, because of the conjoining of its component parts, one to another, in a particular manner, like as those of a tent are conjoined in its construction; (Msb;) because it consists of words collected together in a regular manner, and so resembles a tent, which is composed of a سَقْف and كِفَآء and رِوَاق and عُمُد: (T:) it is derived from the same word signifying a خِبَآء [or tent], and applies to the small and the great, as the رَجَز and the طَوِيل; and is [said to be] thus called because it comprises words like as the tent comprises its inhabitants; wherefore its component parts are termed أَسْبَاب and أَوْتَاد, as being likened to the اسباب and اوتاد of tents: (M:) pl. أَبْيَاتٌ and بُيُوتٌ, (M, A, Msb,) the latter mentioned by Sb and IJ, (M,) [but rare,] and [pl. pl.] أَبَايِيتُ: (A:) Abu-l-Hasan says that if the بيت of poetry be likened to the بيت which is a tent or other kind of structure, there is no reason why it should not have the same pl. forms as the latter has. (L.) By the following words of a poet, وَبَيْتٍ عَلَى ظَهْرِ المَطِىِّ بَنَيْتُهُ بِأَسْمَرَ مَشْقُوقِ الخَيَاشِيمِ يَرْعُفُ [Many a بيت upon the back of the camel have I constructed with a lawny thing slit in the nose and bleeding], is meant, many a بيت of poetry have I written with the reed-pen. (S.) [البَيْتَ, written after a quotation of a part of a verse of poetry, means اِقْرَأِ البَيْتَ Read thou the verse.]

بَيْتُ القَصِيدَةِ [The chief verse of the poem] is a phrase employed when a person composes a poem in praise of any one from whom he would obtain some object of desire and want, being applied to that verse of the poem in which the author's want is mentioned: and is a proverbial expression relating to that which is extraordinary and strange, and used in denoting the superiority of a part of a thing over the whole of it [regarded as a whole]: [hence,] one says, فُلَانٌ أَوَّلُ الجَرِيدَةِ وَبَيْتُ القَصِيدَةِ (assumed tropical:) [Such a one is the first of the detachment of horsemen, and the chief verse of the poem]. (Har p. 441.) بِيتٌ: see بِيتَةٌ, in two places.

بِيتَةٌ a subst. from بَاتَ: and signifying A manner or mode, and state, or condition, of passing, or entering upon, the night. (M.) [See 4; last sentence.]

A2: Food, or victuals; and so ↓ بِيتٌ: (A, K:) [or particularly, of a night: for] you say, لَيْلَةٍ ↓ مَا لَهُ بِيتُ, (S M, A, K.) and بِيتَةٌ لَيْلَةٍ, (T, S, M, A,) مِنَ القُوتِ, (T,) He has not a night's food, or victuals. (T, S, M, A, K.) بَيَاتٌ A coming upon the enemy by night; (Mgh;) a sudden attack upon, and conflict with, the enemy by night; (Msb;) a great slaughter (S, M) among the enemy, (S,) or a people, (M,) and vehement conflict with them; (S, M;) a coming upon people in the night, and making a sudden attack upon them, while they are heedless; (T;) an attack upon a people by night; a going to the enemy in the night, without their knowledge, and taking them by surprise: (TA:) a subst. from 2; (S, M, Mgh, Msb;) like سَلَامٌ from سَلَّمَ. (Mgh.) b2: أَتَاهُمُ الأَمْرُ بَيَاتًا The thing, or event, happened, or came, to them in the latter part of the night. (T.) بُيَيْتٌ, also pronounced بِيَيْتٌ, dim. of بَيْتٌ, q. v. (S, K.) بَيُّوتٌ That has remained throughout a night [and so become stale; stale from being a night old]; as also ↓ بَائِتٌ: both, in this sense, [but the latter more usually,] applied to bread. (S, K.) b2: Cold, or cool, water, (M, K,) that has become so from its having remained throughout a night: (M:) or water that remains during the night beneath the sky: (Ham p. 553:) or water that has been cooled in the leathern bag by night; and in like manner, milk; for [Az says,] I heard an Arab of the desert say, اِسْقِنِى مِنْ بَيُّوتِ السِّقَآءِ, meaning Give thou me to drink of the milk that has been milked at night and left in the skin so that it has become cold, or cool, by night. (T.) In the saying, فَصَبَّحَتْ حَوضَ قِرًى بَيُّوتَا the meaning seems to be, قِرَى حَوْضٍ بَيُّوتَا, i. e., [And they (app. camels) came in the morning to] the collected water of a trough, which water had remained throughout the night and so become cold, or cool; the phrase being inverted. (M.) b3: أَمْرٌ بَيُّوتٌ (assumed tropical:) An affair, or event, for which, or on account of which, one passes the night in anxiety or grief. (S, K.) b4: هَمٌّ بَيُّوتٌ (assumed tropical:) Anxiety, or grief, that has remained during the night in the bosom. (M.) b5: سِنٌّ بَيُّوتَةٌ A tooth that does not fall out, or become shed. (K.) بَائِتٌ [Passing, or spending, the night, or a night, or a part thereof; or entering upon the night; &c.;] act. part. n. of 1. (Msb.) b2: See also بَيُّوتٌ.

مَبِيتٌ A place in which one passes, or enters upon, the night. (M, A.) مُتَبَيِّتَةٌ A woman who has obtained a بَيْت [i. e. tent or house, or the furniture thereof,] and a husband. (M, K.) مُسْتَبِيتٌ Poor, or needy; [as though meaning asking for, or requiring, بِيت or بِيتَة, i. e. food; or possessing food, and nothing beside;] syn. فَقِيرٌ [q. v.]. (IAar, T, K.) Quasi بيح بَيْحَانٌ and بَيَّحَانٌ: see بَؤُوحٌ, in art. بوح.

بلج

1 بَلِجَ, aor. ـَ (ISh, TA,) inf. n. بَلَجٌ, (S, K, TA,) He (a man) had a clear, a conspicuous, or a white, space between the eyes, not having the eyebrows joined; (ISh, TA;) he had a clear space between the eyebrows; (S, K, TA;) he had a wide space, or a space clear of hair, between the eyebrows. (TA.) b2: [Hence, He (a man) was, or became, bright in countenance: or fair, beautiful, and wide in countenance: or (assumed tropical:) open and pleasant, or cheerful, in countenance: or (assumed tropical:) liberal with acts of beneficence: or (tropical:) generous, beneficent, and open and pleasant, or cheerful, in countenance: see the part. n. أَبْلَجُ, below.] b3: And [hence,] aor. as above, (K,) and so the inf. n., (TA,) (tropical:) He (a man, TA) was, or became, joyful, glad, or happy. (K, TA.) You say, بَلِجَ بِالشَّيْءِ (tropical:) He rejoiced at the thing; or was rejoiced by it; as also ثَلِجَ. (As, TA.) And بَلِجَ بِهِ الصَّدْرُ فَرَحًا (tropical:) The bosom became dilated with joy thereat. (A.) And بَلِجَ بَعْدَ مَا حَرِجَ (tropical:) [It (the bosom) became dilated with joy after it had been contracted with grief]. (TA.) b4: [And hence,] aor. and inf. n. as above; (Msb;) and بَلَجَ, (S, A, Msb, K,) aor. ـُ inf. n. بُلُوجٌ; (S, Msb;) and ↓ انبلج, (S, K,) or ↓ ابتلج; (so in copies of the A and Msb;) and ↓ تبلّج; (S, A, K;) and ↓ ابلج; (Msb, K;) (assumed tropical:) It (the dawn, or daybreak,) shone, was bright, or shone brightly. (S, A, Msb, K.) And الشَّمْسُ ↓ أَبْلَجَتِ (assumed tropical:) The sun shone, was bright, or shone brightly. (TA.) And الشَّىْءُ ↓ ابلاجّ (assumed tropical:) The thing shone, was bright, or shone brightly. (TA.) b5: And hence, (Msb,) بَلَجَ الحَقُّ, and بَلِجَ; (Msb;) or ↓ ابلج; (A, TA;) (tropical:) The truth became apparent, (A, Msb, TA,) manifest, evident, or clear. (A, Msb.) And ↓ ابلاجّ, inf. n. اِبْلِيجَاجٌ, (S, and so the inf. n. is written in a copy of the K: in another copy of the K it is written اِبْلِجَاجٌ [inf. n. of ↓ ابلجّ], and the verb is written ابلجّ in a copy of the S: accord. to the CK, the inf. n. is اِبْلِيلَاجٌ [of which the verb is ↓ ابلولج]:) said of anything, (S, TA,) signifies (tropical:) It was, or became, apparent, manifest, evident, or clear. (S, K, TA.) A2: بَلَجَ, aor. ـِ (K,) inf. n. بَلْجٌ, (TA,) He opened; syn. فَتَحَ. (K.) 4 أَبْلَجَ see 1, in three places.

A2: ابلجهُ (assumed tropical:) He made it apparent, manifest, evident, or clear. (K.) b2: And (assumed tropical:) He made him joyful, glad, or happy; syn. فَرَّحَهُ: (K accord. to the TA [and so in a MS. copy of the K in my hands]:) or (assumed tropical:) he removed it, or cleared it away; syn. فَرَّجَهُ. (So accord. to the CK.) 5 تبلّج (assumed tropical:) He laughed, and was cheerful, brisk, lively, or sprightly. (S.) b2: See also 1.7 إِنْبَلَجَ see 1.8 إِبْتَلَجَ see 1.9 إِبْلَجَّ see 1.11 إِبْلَاْجَّ see 1, in two places.12 إِبْلَوْلَجَ see 1.

بَلْجُ: see أَبْلَجٌ, in four places.

بَلَجٌ: see بُلْجَةٌ.

بَلِجٌ (tropical:) Joyful, glad, or happy. (TA.) [See also أَبْلَجٌ.]

بُلُجٌ, with two dammehs, Men clear of hair in the [parts of the face called the] قَسَمَات. (IAar, K.) بَلْجَةٌ: see what next follows.

بُلجَةٌ Clearness of the space between the eyebrows: (S, A, K:) or width of the space between the eyebrows; or [of] the space between the eyebrows when clear of hair; as also ↓ بَلَجٌ [which is the inf. n. of بَلِجَ]. (TA.) One says, مَا أَحْسَنَ بُلْجَتَهُ How beautiful is the clearness of the space between his eyebrows! (A.) b2: The part behind the عَارِض [or side of the cheek or face], to the ear, when there is no hair upon it. (TA.) b3: Also, and ↓ بَلْجَةٌ, (assumed tropical:) The light (S, L, K) of the dawn, or daybreak, (S, L,) in the last part of the night, (S, TA,) at the breaking of the dawn. (TA.) You say, رَأَيْتُ بُلْجَةٌ الصُّبْحِ (assumed tropical:) I saw the light of the dawn. (S.) And لَقِيتُهُ عِنْدَ البُلْجَةِ (assumed tropical:) [I met, or found, him, or it, at the break of the dawn]. (A.) And سَرَيْتُ الدُّلْجَةَ وَ البَلْجَةَ حَتَّى وَصْلَتُ (assumed tropical:) [I journeyed during the whole night, or from the beginning of the night, or during the latter part of the night, and the breaking of the dawn, until I arrived]. (A.) And it is said in a trad., لَيْلَةُ الــقَدْرِ بُلْجَةِ (assumed tropical:) The night of الــقدر is bright [like the dawn]. (TA.) بَلِيجٌ: see أَبْلَجُ, in two places.

بِلِيلَجٌ, with kesr to the ب and to the first ل, and with fet-h to the second ل; (Msb;) or بَلِيلَجٌ; (so written in some copies of the K, in other copies of which it is omitted;) [Myrobalana Bellerica: (Golius and Freytag:) Terminaria Chebula: Sprengel. hist. rei herb. p. 262: (Freytag:)] a certain well-known Indian medicine; (Msb;) very beneficial to the stomach and to the intestinum rectum. (K.) [For other properties &c. assigned to it, see Ibn-Seenà (Avicenna), book ii. p. 144. See also اِهْلِيلَجٌ, in art. هلج.]

أَبْلَجُ A man having a clear, a conspicuous, or a white, space between the eyes, not having the eyebrows joined: (ISh, TA:) or having such a space between the eyebrows, (K, * TA,) not having the eyebrows joined: (S, TA:) or having a wide space, or a space clear of hair, between the eyebrows: fem. بَلْجَآءُ. (TA.) b2: [Hence,] Bright of countenance; the Prophet being said by UmmMaabad to have been أَبْلَجُ الوَجْهِ; by which she did not mean the بَلَج of the eyebrows, for she described him as having joined eyebrows: (A'Obeyd, S, TA:) or fair, beautiful, and wide in countenance, whether long or short: or [alone, or] followed by ↓ بَلْجٌ, (assumed tropical:) open and pleasant, or cheerful, in countenance; (TA;) and so ↓ the latter alone: (K:) or ↓ the latter, (tropical:) open and pleasant, or cheerful, in countenance, with beneficence: (TA:) or the former, and ↓ the latter, and ↓ بَلِيجٌ, (assumed tropical:) liberal with acts of beneficence: (TA:) or the first, (tropical:) generous, beneficent, and open and pleasant, or cheerful, in countenance; although having joined eyebrows. (A, TA.) b3: Also (assumed tropical:) Shining, bright, or shining brightly; applied to the dawn, or daybreak; (S, A, Msb;) and so ↓ بَلِيجٌ, applied to a thing [of any kind]: (TA:) and the former, anything (assumed tropical:) apparent, manifest, evident, or clear; (K;) thus applied to a face, and to the dawn, (TA,) and to the truth, (Msb, TA,) and to an affair or event, or a case, &c. (TA.) It is an act. part. n. of بَلِجَ. (Msb.) You say, الحَقُّ أَبْلَجُ وَ البَاطِلُ لَجْلَجٌ (tropical:) The truth is apparent, manifest, evident, or clear; [and falsity is a cause of embarrassment, or hesitation, to the speaker;] (S, A; *) i. e., the latter is agitated to and fro, without having utterance: (S in art. لج:) or the truth is lucid and direct; and falsity is confused and indirect. (TA in that art.) and حُجَّةٌ بَلْجَآءُ (assumed tropical:) A manifest, an evident, or a clear, proof or argument. (Msb.) أُبْلُوجُ السُّكَّرِ, with damm, [meaning Sugar-candy, and loaf-sugar, thus applied in the present day,] is an arabicized term [from the Persian آبْلُوجْ]: (K, TA:) in one copy of the K, it is said that أُبْلُوجٌ, with damm, is [syn. with] السُّكَّرٌ [sugar]: by the people [who are makers] of الحَسَا and القَطِيف, [see these words, the latter of which is a coll. gen. n., of which the n. un. is with ة, pl. قَطَائِفٌ,] it is called أٌمْلٌوجٌ. (TA.)