ذنب

1 ذَنَبَهُ, (M, K,) aor. ـُ (S, M, A, K) and ذَنِبَ, (M, K,) inf. n. ذَنْبٌ; (TK;) and ↓ استذنبهُ; (M, K;) [properly signifies] He followed his tail, not quitting his track: (M:) [and hence, tropically,] (assumed tropical:) he followed him [in any case], not quitting his track. (K.) You say, ذَنَبَ الإِبِلَ and ↓ استذنبها He followed the camels. (A: there mentioned among proper significations.) ElKilábee says, وَجَآءَتِ الخَيْلُ جَمِيعَا تَذْنُبُهْ [And the horses, or horsemen, came all together, following him]. (S [in which the meaning is indicated by the context; but whether it be proper or tropical in this instance is not shown].) and Ru-beh says, الرَّوَاحِلَا ↓ مِثْلُ الأَجِيرِ اسْتَذْنَبَ [Like the hired man,] he was at the tails of the ridden camels. (T, S.) ذَنَبَتِ القَوْمُ, and [ذَنَبَتِ]

الطَّرِيقُ, and الأَمْرُ [ذَنَبَ], and السَحَابُ يَذْنُبُ بَعْضُهُ بَعْضًا, are tropical phrases [meaning (tropical:) The people followed one another, and (tropical:) The road followed on uninterruptedly, and (tropical:) The affair, or case, or event, proceeded by successive steps, uninterruptedly, and (tropical:) The clouds follow one another]. (A.) b2: See also 2.2 ذنّب, (T, M, A,) inf. n. تَذْنِيبٌ, (T, A,) said of the locust, It stuck its tail into the ground to lay its eggs: (A:) or, said of the [lizard called]

ضبّ, (Lth, T, M,) and of the locust, (M,) and of the [locust in the stage in which it is termed]

فَرَاش, (Lth, T, M,) and the like, (Lth, T,) it desired to copulate, (Lth, T, M,) or to lay eggs, and therefore stuck its tail into the ground: (M:) or, said of the ضَبّ, it signifies only it struck with its tail a hunter or serpent desiring to catch it: (T:) or, said of the ضَبّ, it signifies also it put forth its tail (M, A) from the nearest part of its hole, having its head within it, as it does in hot weather, (M,) or when an attempt was made to catch it: (A:) [or it put its tail foremost in coming forth from its hole; contr. of رَأَّسَ.] b2: ذَنَّبَتِ البُسْرَةُ, (T, S, M, K,) or ذَنَّبَ البُسْرُ, (As, A, Mgh,) or الرُّطَبُ, (Msb,) inf. n. تَذْنِيبٌ, (Msb, K,) (tropical:) [The full-grown unripe date or dates, or the ripening dates,] began to ripen, (Mgh, and so in a copy of the S,) or showed ripening, (Msb, and so in a copy of the S,) or became speckled by reason of ripening, (As, T, M, K,) or ripened, (A,) at the ذَنَب, (As, T, S, M, A, Mgh, K,) i. e. the part next the base and stalk. (Mgh.) The dates in this case are termed ↓ تَذْنُوبٌ (Fr, T, S, M, A, K) in the dial. of Benoo-Asad, (Fr, T,) and ↓ تُذْنُوبٌ (Fr, T, K) in the dial. of Temeem (Fr, T) and ↓ مُذَنِّبٌ; (A, Mgh;) and a single date is termed ↓ تَذْنُوبَةٌ (T, M, * K) and ↓ مُذَنِّبَةٌ. (T, S.) A2: ذنّب الضَّبَّ, [or, probably, ↓ ذَنَبَ, being similar to رَأَسَ and جَنَبَ and فَأَدَ &c., or perhaps both,] He seized the tail of the ضبّ; said of one endeavouring to catch it. (A.) b2: ذنّب الأَفْعَى, said of a ضَبّ, It turned its tail towards the viper, or met the viper tail-foremost, in coming forth from its hole; contr. of رَأَّسَ الأَفْعَى. (TA in art. رأس.) b3: ذنّب عِمَامَتَهُ (tropical:) [He made a tail to his turban;] (S, K, TA;) i. e. (tropical:) he made a portion of his turban to hang down like a tail: (S, TA:) you say of him who has done this, ↓ تَذَنَّبَ. (S, A, K, TA.) b4: ذَنَّبْتُ كَلَامَهُ [and كِتَابَهُ (tropical:) I added an appendix to his discourse and his writing, or book; like ذَيَّلْتُهُ]. (A, TA.) [Hence, the inf. n. تَذْنِيبٌ is used to signify (assumed tropical:) An appendix; like تَذْيِيلٌ.] b5: ذَنَّبُوا خُشْبَانَهُ (assumed tropical:) They made channels for water (which are termed مَذَانِب) in its rugged ground. (TA from a trad.) 3 ذَانَبَتْ, (AO, T, K,) written by Sgh, with his own hand, with ء, but by others without, (MF,) said of a mare [in parturition], She was in such a state that her fœtus came to her قُحْقُح [or ischium (here described by MF as the place of meeting of the two hips)], and the سِقْى [q. v. (here explained by MF as a skin containing yellow water]) was near to coming forth, (AO, T, K,) and the root of her tail rose, and the part thereof that is bare of hair, and she did not [or could not] lower it. (AO, T.) In this case, she is said to be ↓ مُذَانِبٌ, (AO, T, K.) 4 اذنب He committed a sin, crime, fault, misdemeanour, &c.; (S, * M, * A, * MA, K; *) he became chargeable with a ذَنْب [or sin, &c.]: (Msb:) it is an instance, among others, of a verb of which no proper inf. n. has been heard; [ذَنْبٌ being used instead of such, as a quasi-inf. n.;] for إِذْنَابٌ, like إِكْرَامٌ, [though mentioned in the KL, as signifying the committing of a sin or the like, and also in the TK,] has not been heard. (MF.) 5 تذنّب عَلَى فُلَانٍ He accused such a one of a sin, crime, fault, misdemeanour, or the like, which he had not committed, or though he had not committed any. (A, TA.) A2: See also 2, near the end of the paragraph. b2: تَذَنَّبْتُ الوَادِىَ (tropical:) I came to the valley from the direction of its ذَنَب [q. v.]. (A.) And تذنّب الطَّرِيقَ (tropical:) He took the road; (K, TA;) as though he took its ذِنَابَة, or came to it from [the direction of] its ذَنَب. (TA.) 10 استذنبهُ He found him to be committing [or to have committed] a sin, crime, fault, misdemeanour, or the like: and he attributed, or imputed, to him a sin, &c. (Har p. 450.) A2: See also 1, in three places.

A3: استذنب الأَمْرُ (assumed tropical:) The affair was, or became, complete, [as though it assumed a tail,] and in a right state. (K, * TA.) ذَنْبٌ A sin, a crime, a fault, a misdemeanour, a misdeed, an unlawful deed, an offence, a transgression, or an act of disobedience; syn. إِثْمٌ, (T, M, A, Msb,) or جُرْمٌ, (S,) or both, (TA,) and مَعْصِيَةٌ: (T, TA:) or it differs from إِثْمٌ in being either intentional or committed through inadvertence; whereas the اثم is peculiarly intentional: (Kull p. 13:) or a thing that precludes one from [the favour of] God: or a thing for which he is blamable who does it intentionally: (KT:) pl. ذُنُوبٌ (M, Msb, K) and pl. pl. ذُنُوبَاتٌ. (M, K.) وَلَهُمْ عَلَىَّ ذَنْبٌ [in the Kur xxvi. 13, said by Moses, meaning And they have a crime to charge against me,] refers to the speaker's slaughter of him whom he struck, who was of the family of Pharaoh. (M.) ذَنَبٌ and ↓ ذُنَابَى (T, S, M, A, Msb, K) and ↓ دِنِبَّى and ↓ ذُنُبَّى (El-Hejeree, M, K) signify the same; (T, S, M, &c.;) i. e. The tail; syn. ذَيْلٌ: (TA: [in the CK, الذِّنْبِىُّ is erroneously put for الذِّنْبِىَّ:]) but accord. to Fr, one uses the first of these words in relation to the horse, and the second in relation to the bird: (T:) or the first is used in relation to the horse (S, A) and the ass [and the like] (S) more commonly than the second; (S, A; *) and the second is used in relation to a bird (S, M, A, Msb) more commonly than the first, (S, M, *) or more chastely: (M, * Msb:) or the second is [properly] of a winged creature; and the first is of any other; but the second is sometimes, metaphorically, of the horse: (Er-Riyáshee, TA:) or, as some say, the second signifies the place of growth of the ذَنَب [or tail]: (M:) the pl. of ذَنَبٌ is أَذْنَابٌ. (S, M, A, Msb, K.) [Hence the following phrases &c.] b2: رَكِبَ ذَنَبَ البَعِيرِ [lit. He rode on the tail of the camel, meaning] (tropical:) he was content with a deficient lot. (T, A, K.) b3: ضَرَبَ بِذَنِبِهِ [lit. He smote the earth with his tail, الأَرْضَ being understood, meaning] (assumed tropical:) he (a man) stayed, or abode, and remained fixed. (K.) [See also another explanation of this phrase below.] And أَقَامَ بِأَرْضِنَا وَ غَرَزَ ذَنَبَهُ, meaning (tropical:) [He stayed, or abode, in our land, and remained fixed, or] did not quit it; [lit., and stuck his tail into the ground;] originally said of the locust. (A, TA. [See art. غرز.]) b4: بَيْنِى

وَ بَيْنَهُ ذَنبُ الضَّبِّ [lit. Between me and him is the tail of the ضبّ,] means (tropical:) between me and him is opposition or competition [as when two persons are endeavouring to seize the tail of the ضبّ]. (A, TA.) b5: اِسْتَرْخَى ذنَبُ الشَّيْخِ (tropical:) The old man's شَىْء became lax, or languid. (Á, TA.) b6: رَكِبَ ذَنَبَ الرِّيحِ [lit. He rode upon the tail of the wind,] means (tropical:) he outwent, or outstripped, and was not reached, or overtaken. (T, A, K.) b7: وَلَّى خَمْسِينَ (??) [lit. He turned his tail upon the fifty,] means (tropical:) he passed the [age of] fifty [years]: (M, TA:) and so وَلَتْهُ الخَمْسُونَ ذَنَبَهَا [lit. the fifty turned their tail upon him]: (A, TA:) the former accord. to Yaakoob: accord. to IAar, El-Kilábee, being asked his age, said, قَدْ وَلَّتْ لِىَ الخَمْسُونَ ذَنَبَهَا [lit. The fifty have turned their tail to me]. (M, TA.) b8: اِتَّبَعَ ذَنَبَ

أَمْرٍ مُدْبِرٍ [lit. He followed the tail of an event retreating,] means (tropical:) he regretted an event that had passed. (T, A, * TA. *) b9: [The ذَنَب of a man is (assumed tropical:) The part corresponding to the tail: and hence,] رَجُلٌ وَقَاحُ الذَّنَبِ (assumed tropical:) [A man hard in the caudal extremity;] meaning (assumed tropical:) a man very patient in enduring riding. (IAar, M, and K in art. وقح.) b10: [And of a garment, The skirt:] you say, تَعَلَّقْتُ بِأَذْنَابِهِ (tropical:) [I clung to his skirts]. (A.) b11: The ذَنَبَ of a ship or boat is (assumed tropical:) The rudder. (Lth and S * and L in art. سكن. [See also خَيْزُرَانٌ.]) b12: ذَنَبٌ also signifies [(assumed tropical:) Anything resembling a tail. b13: Hence,] (assumed tropical:) The extremity of a whip. (Mgh, Msb.) b14: And, of an unripe date, (M, Mgh,) and of any date, (M,) (assumed tropical:) The kinder part; (M;) the part next the base and stalk. (Mgh.) b15: (tropical:) And (tropical:) The outer extremity of the eye, next the temple; as also ↓ ذِنَابٌ and ↓ ذِنَابَةٌ (M, A) and ↓ ذُنَابَةٌ (A) [and ↓ ذُنَابَى, as used in the K voce اِزْدَجَّ, in art. زج]. b16: See also ذَنُوبٌ, third sentence. b17: Also (assumed tropical:) The end; or last, or latter, part; of anything: pl. ذِنَابٌ (T) [and أَذْنَابٌ]: and ↓ ذِنَابٌ [as a sing.], (K,) or ↓ ذُنَابٌ, (so in the TT as from the M,) has this meaning. (M, K.) You say, كَانَ ذٰلِكَ فِى ذَنَبِ الدَّهْرِ (assumed tropical:) That was in the end of the time [past]. (M.) And ذَنَبُ الوَادِى and ↓ الذُنَابَةُ: both signify the same [i. e. (assumed tropical:) The end of the valley]: (A 'Obeyd, M, TA:) or ↓ ذُنَابَةٌ and ↓ ذِنَابَةٌ and ↓ ذَنَبَةٌ signify the (tropical:) last, or latter, parts, (K, TA,) in some copies of the K, the last, or latter, part, (TA, [and so in the TT as from the M, and this meaning seems to be indicated in the A,]) of a valley, (A, K, TA,) and of a river, (A, TA,) and of time; (K, TA;) [and ↓ ذِنَابٌ app. has the former of these two significations in relation to a valley, accord. to Az; for he says,] it seems that ذِنَابٌ and ↓ ذِنَابَةٌ in relation to a valley are pls. of ذَنَبٌ, like as جِمَالٌ and جِمَالَةٌ are pls. of جَمَلٌ: (T:) or ↓ ذِنَابَةٌ and ↓ ذَنَبَةٌ, (S, Msb,) the former of which is more common than the latter, (Th, S, Msb,) signify (assumed tropical:) the place to which finally comes the torrent of a valley: (S, Msb:) the pl. of ↓ ذِنَابَةٌ is ذَنَائِبُ: (T:) the ذَنَب of a valley and its ↓ مِذْنَبَ are the same; [i. e. (assumed tropical:) the lowest, or lower, part thereof;] (T;) [for the pls.] أَذْنَابٌ (T, TA) and مَذَانِبُ (TA) signify (assumed tropical:) the lowest, or lower, parts of valleys: (T, TA:) and أَذْنَابٌ signifies [in like manner] (assumed tropical:) the last, or latter, parts, of [water-courses such as are termed]

تِلَاع. (T, TA. See also مِذْنَبٌ.) It is said in a trad, لَا يَمْنَعُ فُلَانٌ ذَنَبَ تَلْعَةٍ [(assumed tropical:) Such a one will not impede the last part of a water-course]; applied to the abject, weak, and contemptible. (T.) And أَذْنَابُ أُمُورٍ means (tropical:) The last, or latter, parts of affairs or events. (M.) You say also, حَدِيثٌ طَوِيلُ الذَّنَبِ (tropical:) [A long-tailed story;] a story that hardly, or never, comes to an end. (M.) And يَوْمٌ طَوِيلُ الذَّنَبِ (assumed tropical:) A day of which the evil does not come to an end: (TA:) and ↓ يَوْمٌ ذَنُوبٌ has this meaning; (T, M, TA;) as though it were long in the tail; (M;) or means (assumed tropical:) a day of long-continued evil. (K.) And اِتَّبَعَ القَوْمِ ↓ ذِنَابَةَ, and الإِبِلِ, (tropical:) He followed [the last of] the people, and the camels, not quitting their track. (A.) b18: Also (tropical:) The followers, or dependants, of a man: (T, TA:) and ↓ ذَانِبٌ and ↓ ذُنَابَةٌ (assumed tropical:) a [single] follower, or dependant: (S, K:) and أَذْنَابٌ (M, A, K) and ↓ ذُنَابَى (S) and دَنَائِبُ [pl. of ↓ ذُنَابَةٌ] (A) and ↓ ذُنُبَاتٌ, (so in the TT as from the M,) or ↓ ذَنَبَاتٌ, (K,) but some state that this last is not said of men, (Ham p. 249,) (tropical:) followers, or dependants, (S, M, A, K,) of a people or party; (M, K;) and the lower, or lowest, sort, or the rabble, or refuse, thereof; (M, A, K;) and such as are below the chiefs. (TA.) ضَرَبَ يَعْسُوبُ الدِّينِ بِذَنَبِهِ, in a trad. of 'Alee, means, [accord. to some, (assumed tropical:) The leader of the religion] shall go away through the land with followers, or dependants, (T, * TA,) and those holding his opinions. (T. [But see arts. ضرب and عسب.]) and عُقَيْلٌ طَوِيلَةٌ الذَّنَبِ, a phrase mentioned by IAar, but not explained by him, app. means (assumed tropical:) [The tribe of] 'Okeyl have numerous horsemen. (M.) b19: [Also ذَنَبٌ (as will be shown by the use of its pl. in the verse here following) and] ↓ ذِنَابٌ, (S, K, TA,) or ↓ ذُنَابٌ, (so in the TT as from the M,) (assumed tropical:) The sequel, consequence, or result, syn. عَقِبٌ, of anything. (S, M, K.) A poet says, تَعَلَّقْتَ مِنْ أَذْنَابِ لَوٍّ بَلَيْتَنِى

وَلَيْتَ كَلَوٍّ خَيْبَةٌ لَيْسَ يَنْفَعُ [From considering what might be the sequels of “ if,” (i. e. of the word لَوْ,) Thou clungest to the reflection “ Would that I had done so and so: ”

but “ would that,” like “ if,” is disappointment: it does not profit]. (TA.) And one says, مَنْ لَكَ لَوٍّ ↓ بِذِنَابِ i. e. [Who will be responsible to thee for] the sequel [of the word لَوْ]? (TA:) [or, as in the Proverbs of El-Meydánee, لَوٍّ ↓ بِذُنَابَةِ, which means the same.] b20: ذَنَبُ السِّرْحَانِ: see art. سرح. b21: ذَنَبُ الفَرَسِ (assumed tropical:) A certain asterism (نَجْمٌ, M, K, TA) in the sky, (TA,) resembling the ذَنَب [or tail] of the horse. (M, K.) [الذَّنَبُ is a name applied to each of several stars or asterisms: as (assumed tropical:) The star a of Cygnus; also called ذَنَبُ الدَّجَاجَةِ, and الرِّدْفُ: and (assumed tropical:) The star beta of Leo; also called ذَنَبُ الأَسَدِ. And الرَّأْسُ وَالذَّنَبُ signifies (assumed tropical:) The two nodes of a planet: see تِنِّينٌ.]

b22: ذَنَبُ الخَيْلِ, (K,) or أَذْنَابُ الخَيْلِ, (M,) (assumed tropical:) A certain herb, (M, K,) of which the expressed juice concretes: so called by way of comparison [to horses' tails: the latter name is now applied to the equisetum, or horse-tail]. (M.) [Accord. to Forskål, (Flora Aegypt. Arab., p. cxii.,) the Portulaca oleracea (or garden-purslane) is called in some parts of El-Yemen ذَنَبُ الفَرَسِ.] ذَنَبُ الثَّعْلَبِ (assumed tropical:) A certain plant, resembling the ذَنَب [or tail] of the fox; (M, K;) a name applied by some of the Arabs to the ذَنَبَان [q. v.] (T.) b23: [ذَنَبُ السَّبُعِ (assumed tropical:) Cauda leonis, i. e. circium (or cirsium): (Golius, from Diosc. iv. 119:) now applied to the common creeping way-thistle. b24: ذَنَبُ الفَأْرَةِ (assumed tropical:) Cauda muris, i. e. plantago. (Golius, from Ibn-Beytár.) b25: ذَنَبَ الثَوْرِ (assumed tropical:) A species of aristida, supposed by Forskål (Flora Aegypt. Arab. p. civ,) to be the aristida adscensionis. b26: ذَنَبُ العَقْرَبِ (assumed tropical:) Scorpioides, or scorpion-grass: so called in the present day.]

ذَنَبَةٌ, and its pl. ذَنَبَاتٌ: see the next preceding paragraph, in three places.

ذُنُبَاتٌ: see ذَنَبٌ, in the latter half of the paragraph.

ذَنَبَانٌ A certain plant, (T, S,) well known, called by some of the Arabs ذَنَبُ الثَّعْلَبِ: (T:) a certain plant having long branches, somewhat dust-coloured (M, TA) in its leaves, growing in plain, or soft, land, upon the ground, not rising high, approved as pasture, (TA,) and not growing except in fruitful years: (M, TA:) or a certain herb, or plant, like ذُرَة [or millet]; (K;) or a certain herb having ears at its extremities like the ears of ذُرَة, (M, TA, *) and having reeds, (قصب [i. e. قَصَب], M,) or twigs, (قضب [i. e.

قُضُب], TA,) and leaves, growing in every place except in unmixed sand, [for حُرَّ الرَّمْلِ in the TA, I find in the M حَوَّ الرُملِ,] and growing upon one stem and two stems: (M, TA:) or, accord. to AHn, a certain herb, having a جزرة [app. meaning rhizoma like the carrot], which is not eaten, and twigs bearing a fruit from the bottom thereof to the top thereof, having leaves like those of the طُرْخُون, agreeing well with the pasturing cattle, and having a small dust-coloured blossom upon which bees feed; (M, TA;) rising about the height of a man, (TA,) or half the height of a man; (M;) two whereof suffice to satiate a camel: (M, TA:) [a coll. gen. n.:] n. un. with ة. (M, K.) ذُنُبَّى and ذِنِبَّى: see ذَنَبٌ, first sentence.

ذُنَابٌ: see ذَنَبٌ, in two places.

ذِنَابٌ: see ذَنَبٌ, in five places: b2: and see also مِذْنَبٌ. b3: Also A small cord with which a camel's tail is tied to his hind girth, lest he should swing about his tail and so dirt his rider. (M, K.) ذَنُوبٌ A horse (T, S, &c.) having a long tail: (T, S:) or having a full, or an ample, tail. (M, A, K.) [See also أَذْنَبٌ.] b2: Hence applied to a day: see ذَنَبٌ, in the latter half of the paragraph. b3: Also A great دَلْو [or bucket]: (Fr, T, Msb:) or one that has a ↓ ذَنَب [or tail]: (TA:) or one that is full (S, M, Msb, K) of water; (S, Msb;) not applied to one that is empty: (S, TA:) or one that is nearly full of water: (ISk, S:) or one containing less than fills it: or one containing water: or a دَلْو (M, K) in any case: (M:) or a bucketful of water: (A:) masc. and fem.; (Fr, Lh, T, S, M, Msb;) sometimes the latter: (Lh, M:) pl. (of pauc., S) أَذْنِبَةٌ and (of mult., S) ذَنَائِبُ (S, M, K) and ذِنَابٌ. (M, A, * Msb, K.) Fr. cites as an ex., لَنَا ذَنُوبٌ وَلَكُمْ ذَنُوبُ فَإِنْ أَبَيْتُمْ فَلَنَا القَلِيبُ [as meaning For you shall be a great bucket, and for us a great bucket: or, if ye refuse this, for us shall be the well]. (T.) [Accord. to the K, it also signifies A grave: but this is evidently a mistake, which seems to have arisen from a misunderstanding of a statement by ISd, who says,] Aboo-Dhu-eyb uses it metaphorically in relation to a grave, calling it [i. e. the grave] a well, in his saying, فَكُنْتُ ذَنُوبَ البِئْرَ لَمَّا تَبَسَّلَتْ وَسُرْبِلْتُ أَكْفَانِى وَوُسِّدْتُ سَاعِدِى

[app. meaning (tropical:) And I was as though I were the corpse of the grave (lit. the bucket of the well) when she frowned, and clad with my grave-clothes, and made to recline upon my upper arm: for the corpse is laid in the grave upon its right side, or so inclined that the face is turned towards Mekkeh]. (M.) [And Umeiyeh Ibn-Abee- 'Áïdh El-Hudhalee, describing a wild he-ass and she-asses, likens to it a certain rate of running which he contrasts with another rate likened by him to a well such as is termed خَسِيفٌ: see Kosegarten's “ Carmina Hudsailitarum,” p. 189.]

b4: Hence metaphorically applied to (tropical:) Rain. (Ham p. 410.) b5: [Hence, also,] (tropical:) A lot, share, or portion: (Fr, T, S, M, A, Msb, K:) [see the former of the two verses cited in this paragraph:] in this sense masc.: (Msb:) and in this sense it is used in the Kur li. last verse but one. (Fr, T, M.) A2: Also (tropical:) The flesh of the [portion of the back next the back-bone, on either side, which is called the] مَتْن: (M, K:) or the part where the مَتْن ends; (M;) the flesh of the lower, or lowest, part of the مَتْن: (S:) or the [buttocks, or parts called] أَلْيَة and مَأْكِم: (M, K:) or the flesh of the أَلْيَة and مَآكِم: (CK:) and the ذَنُوبَانِ are the [two parts called the] مَتْنَانِ, (M, K,) on this side and on that [of the back-bone]: (M:) or ذَنُوبُ المَتْنِ means the flesh that is called يَرَابِيعُ المَتْنِ [which are the portions of flesh next the back-bone, on either side thereof]. (A.) ذُنَيْبٌ [dim. of ذَنَبٌ: A2: and] i. q. ذُنَيْبِىٌّ, q. v. (TA.) دُنَابَةٌ The أَلْف [i. e. toe, or foremost extremity, also called the أَسَلَة,] of a sandal. (K.) b2: See also ذَنَبٌ, in six places. b3: And see مِذْنَبٌ.

ذِنَابَةٌ: see ذَنَبٌ, in six places: b2: and see مِذْنَبٌ, in two places. b3: ذِنَابَةٌ الطَّرِيقِ (assumed tropical:) The point, or place, to which the way, or road, leads; syn. وَجْهُهُ. (IAar, M, K.) So in the saying of Abu-l-Jarráh, to a certain man, إِنَّكَ لَمْ تَرْشَدْ ذِنَابَةَ الطَّرِيقِ [(assumed tropical:) Verily thou didst not follow a right course in respect of the point, or place, to which the way that thou tookest leads]. (IAar, M.) A2: Also (assumed tropical:) Relationship; nearness with respect to kindred; or near relationship. (K.) ذُنَابَى: see ذَنَبٌ, in three places. b2: It is also applied to Four [feathers] in the wing of a bird, after what are called الخَوَفِى. (S.) b3: It is said in a trad., مَنْ مَاتَ عَلَى ذُنَابَى طَرِيقٍ فَهُوَ مِنْ أَهْلِهِ, meaning [(assumed tropical:) Whosoever dies] purposing to pursue a way leading to some particular end, [he is to be reckoned as one of the people thereof.] (TA.) A2: Accord. to Fr and the S, it signifies also A fluid like mucus that falls from the noses of camels: but this is a mistake: the right word, as stated by IB and others, is ذُنَانَى. (L, MF, TA.) ذُنَيْبَآءُ A certain grain that is found in wheat, whereof the latter is cleared [by winnowing or other means]. (M, K.) [See also ذُنَيْنَآءُ, in art. ذن.]

ذُنَيْبِىٌّ (assumed tropical:) A certain kind of [the striped garments called] بُرُود [pl. of بُرْدٌ]; (AHeyth, K;) as also ↓ ذُنَيْبٌ. (TA.) ذَانِبٌ (tropical:) Following in the track of a thing. (TA.) See also ذَنَبٌ, in the latter half of the paragraph.

أَذْنَبُ A [lizard of the kind called] ضَبّ having a long tail. (T, L.) [See also ذَنُوبٌ.]

تَذْنُوبٌ and تُذْنُوبٌ, and with ة: see 2.

مَذْنَبٌ: see the next paragraph.

مِذْنَبٌ A long tail. (IAar, T, K.) b2: and [hence, app. for ذُو مِذْنَبٍ], (T,) or ↓ مُذَنِّبٌ, (TA, [but see this latter below,]) A [lizard of the kind called] ضَبّ. (T, TA.) b3: Also, (S, K,) or ↓ مَذْنَبٌ, like مَقْعَدٌ, (A,) and ↓ مِذْنَبَةٌ, (M, TA,) (assumed tropical:) A ladle; (S, M, A, K;) because it has a tail, or what resembles a tail: (M:) pl. مَذَانِبُ. (S, M.) b4: And (assumed tropical:) A water-course, or channel of a torrent, in a tract at the foot of a mountain; (Lth, T, S, M, A, K;) not wide; (A;) or not very wide; (M;) or not very long and wide; (Lth, T;) as also ↓ ذِنَابَةٌ: (S:) the تَلْعَة is in the lower part of a mountain (Lth, T, A) or in an acclivity: (Lth, T, S, A:) also a water-course or channel of a torrent, between what are termed تَلْعَتَانِ; (TA; [see تَلْعَةٌ, and see also مَدْفَعٌ;]) or this is termed تَلْعَة ↓ ذَنَبُ; (T;) or it is termed ↓ ذِنَابٌ, of which the pl. is ذَنَائِبُ: (M, K:) also a water-course, or channel of a torrent, [running] to a tract of land: (M, K:) and a rivulet, or streamlet, (K,) or the like thereof, (AHn, T, M,) flowing from one رَوْضَة [or meadow] to another, (AHn, T, M, K,) and separating therein; (T;) as also ↓ ذُنَابَةٌ and ↓ ذِنَابَةٌ; (K;) and the tract over which this flows is also called مِذْنَبٌ. (T.) See also ذَنَبٌ, in the middle of the paragraph.

مِذْنَبَةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

مُذَنِّبٌ [app. applied to a she-camel, accord. to the K, or perhaps to a lizard of the kind called ضَبّ, as seems to be indicated in the TA,] Finding difficulty in parturition, and therefore stretching out her tail: (K:) [but accord. to Az,] it is applied to a ضَبّ only when he is striking with his tail a hunter or a serpent desiring to catch him. (T.) See also مِذْنَبٌ. b2: See also 2, in two places.

مَذْنُوبٌ (tropical:) A man followed [by dependants]. (A.) مُذَانِبٌ A camel that is at the rear of other camels; (K;) as also ↓ مُسْتَذْنِبٌ. (TA.) b2: See also 3.

سَحَابٌ مُتَذَانِبٌ (tropical:) Clouds following one another. (A.) مُسْتَذْنِبٌ: see مُذَانِبٌ. b2: Also One who is at the tails of camels, (S, TA,) not quitting their track. (TA.)

ذرح

1 ذَرَحَ الطَّعَامَ: see 2.

A2: ذَرَحَ الشَّىْءَ فِى الرِّيحِ He winnowed the thing; syn. ذَرَّاهُ. (Kr, K.) 2 ذرّح الطَّعَامَ, (S, K,) inf. n. تَذْرِيحٌ; (S;) and ↓ ذَرَحَهُ, aor. ـِ (K;) He put ذَرَارِيح [or cantharides] into the food. (S, K.) b2: ذرّحه فِى المَآءِ, inf. n. as above, He put a small quantity of it, namely, saffron, &c., into the water. (S.) b3: And ذرّح, [or ذرّح لَبَنَهُ, (see ذَرَاحٌ, below,)] He poured water into his milk, in order that it might become much in quantity. (TA.) b4: تَذْرِيحٌ also signifies The smearing with clay a new [water-vessel of skin such as is called] إِدَاوَاة, in order that its odour may become good. (AA, K. *) ذَرَحٌ A certain tree, of which camels' saddles are made. (K, TA.) [Forskål mentions, in his “ Flora Aeg. Ar.,” p. xcvi. a fabrile wood of an uncertain kind, of which spears, or lances, are made, called درح (thus with the unpointed د), brought from the region of San'à.]

ذُرَحٌ: see ذُرَّاحٌ.

ذَرَاحٌ, applied to milk, i. q. صَيَاحٌ, (AA, K,) i. e. Mixed with water; as also ↓ مُذَرَّحٌ: (TA:) or the latter, milk, and honey, mixed with a larger quantity of water. (K.) ذُرَاحٌ and أِبُو ذُرَاحٍ: see ذُرَّاحٌ.

ذَرُوحٌ: see ذُرَّاحٌ.

ذَرِيحٌ [a coll. gen. n.] i. q. هِضَابٌ [i. e. Hills; or mountains spreading over the surface of the ground; &c.]: n. un. with ة. (S, K.) ذَرِيحَةٌ: see ذُرَّاحٌ.

أَحْمَرُ ذَرِيحِىٌّ Intensely red; (S, A;) i. e. (TA) i. q. أُرْجُوَانٌ. (K, TA.) A2: إِبِلٌ ذَرِيحِيَّاتٌ A certain race of camels, so called in relation to a stallion named ذَرِيحٌ. (S, K. *) ذُرَّحٌ: see what next follows.

ذَرَّاحٌ: see what next follows.

ذُرَّاحٌ and ↓ ذُرُّوحٌ, (S, A, K,) the latter (respecting which see below) anomalous in form, (TA,) and ↓ ذَرُّوحٌ, (K,) agreeably with analogy, (TA,) and ↓ ذِرَّيحٌ (K) and ↓ ذَرَّاحٌ (Fr) and ↓ ذَرُوحٌ and ↓ ذُرَاحٌ (K) and ↓ ذُرَحٌ (IO) and ↓ ذُرَّحٌ (K) and ↓ ذُرُّوحَةٌ and ↓ ذِرَّيحَةٌ (ISd) and ↓ ذَرِيحَةٌ and ↓ ذُرْنُوحٌ (K) and ↓ ذَرْنُوحٌ, accord. to some, (TA,) and ↓ ذُرْنُوحَةٌ (ISd) and ↓ ذُرَحْرَحٌ and ↓ ذُرُحْرُحٌ, and ↓ the second letter [in the latter of these two forms, or in both,] is sometimes doubled by teshdeed, (K,) and sometimes the second ر is meksoorah, and the termination ة is also added thereto, (ISd,) and ↓ أَبُو ذرحرحٍ and ↓ ابو ذَرْيَاحٍ and ↓ ابو ذُرَاحٍ, and ↓ ابو ذرحرحةَ imperfectly decl., (Kr,) [The cantharis, or Spanish fly;] a kind of insect of a red colour, (S, A, K,) spotted, or speckled, with black, which flies, (S, K,) and is of a poisonous nature; (S, K;) a kind of insect larger than the common fly, variegated with red and black and yellow, having a pair of wings with which it flies, and of a deadly poisonous nature: when they desire to allay the heat of its poison, they mix it with lentils, and so mixed it becomes a remedy for him who has been bitten by a mad dog: (IO:) Ibn-Ed-Dahhán the Lexicologist says that the ذرّوح is a kind of fly variegated with yellow and white; and what is called فَرْخَةُ الدَّيْلَمِ: by certain of the acute physicians it is described as حَيَوَانٌ دُودِىٌّ, app. meaning a worm-like animal, of the size of the finger, and of a conical shape, the head of which is at the thickest part of it: and IDrst says that it is a flying insect, resembling the زُنْبُور [or hornet], and of a deadly poisonous nature. (TA.) It is observed in the S, with reference to ذُرُّوحٌ, that, in the opinion of Sb, لَيْسَ فِى الكَلَامِ فُعَّوْلٌ بِوَاحِدَةٌ; meaning, there is not in the language a subst. (as distinguished from an epithet) of the measure فُعَّوْلٌ; (marg. note in a copy of the S;) or his meaning is, [there is not a word of this measure] with damm alone; (MF;) or with a single dammeh, that is, to the ف; but with dammeh to the ف and to the ع: (IB:) and it is added in the S, that he (Sb) used to say سَبُّوحٌ and قَدُّوسٌ: Sb, however, also mentions the forms سُبُّوحٌ and قُدُّوسٌ. (MF.) The pl. is ذَرَايِحُ: (S, K:) in the L, ذُرَّاحٌ is also said to be a pl.: and Kr mentions ذَرَارِحُ; but AHát says that this last is only used in poetry. (TA.) Sb says that the sing. of ذَرَارِيحُ is ذُرَحْرَحٌ, (or, in other words, that one of the [insects called] ذراريح is [called]

ذرحرح,) which is of the measure فُعَلْعَلٌ, and of which the dim. is ↓ ذُرَيْرِحٌ, formed by throwing out the first ذُريْرِحٌ; [not ح, as it would be by rule, making it of the measure ذُرَيْحِرٌ, and its curtailed original فُعَيْلِعٌ;] for there is not in the language a word of the measure فعلع, except فعلع, (S,) which is the proper name of a man. (MF.) AHát cites a verse in which حَدْرَدٌ occurs as pl. of ذَرَانِحُ; but the correct reading is ذرنوح. (MF.) ذَرَارِحُ and ذَرُّوحٌ and ذُرُّوحٌ: see ذُرَّاحٌ.

ذِرِّيحٌ and ذِرِّيحَةٌ: see ذُرَّاحٌ.

ذُرْنُوحٌ and ذَرْنُوحٌ and ذُرْنُوحَةٌ: see ذُرَّاحٌ.

أَبُو ذَرْيَاحٍ: see ذُرَّاحٌ.

ذُرَحْرَحٌ and ذُرُحْرُحٌ and ذرّحرح and أَبُو ذرحرحٍ and أَبُو ذرحرحةَ: see ذُرَّاحٌ.

ذُرَيْرِحٌ dim. of ذُرَحْرَحٌ: see ذُرَّاحٌ.

مُذَّرَحٌ: see ذَرَاحٌ.

طَعَامٌ مَذْرُوحٌ Food into which cantharides (ذَرَارِيح) have been put. (TA.)

خير

1 خَارَ, aor. ـِ (K,) inf. n. خَيْرٌ, (TA,) He (a man, TA) was, or became, possessed of خَيْر [or good, &c.]. (K, TA.) b2: [He was, or be came, good: and he did good: contr. of شَرَّ.] You say, خِرْتَ يَا رَجُلُ [Thou hast been good; or thou hast done good, or well; O man]. (S.) And خَارَاللّٰهُ لَكَ فِى هٰذَا الأَمْرِ [May God do good to thee, bless thee, prosper thee, or favour thee, in this affair: or] may God cause thee to have, or appoint to thee, good in this affair: (K:) or may God choose for thee the better thing [in this affair]. (A.) الّٰهُمَّ خِرْلِى occurs in a trad., meaning O God, choose for me the better of the two things. (TA.) b3: See also 8. b4: خَارَهُ عَلَى

صَاحِبِهِ, aor. as above, inf. n. خِيرَةٌ and خِيَرٌ (Msb, K *) and خِيَرَةٌ (K) and خَيْرٌ; (Msb, TA;) and ↓ خيّرهُ, (K,) inf. n. تَخْيِيرٌ; (TA;) He preferred him before his companion, (Msb, K. *) b5: خَايَرَهُ فَخَارَهُ: see 3.2 خيّرهُ He gave him the choice, or option, (S, A, * Mgh, * Msb, * K,) بَيْنَ الشَّيْئَيْنِ [between the two things], (S, Mgh, Msb,) or بين الأَمْرَيْنِ [between the two affairs]: ↓ فَتَخَيَّرَ [so he had the choice, or option, given him]. (A.) b2: See also 1. It is said in a trad., خَيَّرَ بَيْنَ دُورِ الأَنْصَارِ, meaning He preferred some among the houses of the Assistants before others of them. (TA.) And in another trad., خُيِّرَ, meaning He was preferred, and pronounced to have surpassed, or overcome, or won, in a contest, or dispute. (IAth.) 3 خَاْيَرَ ↓ خَايَرَهُ فَخَارَهُ, (A, K,) inf. n. مُخَايَرَةٌ, (A,) He vied with him, or strove to surpass him, or contended with him for superiority, in goodness, or excellence, (A, K,) in, or with respect to, (فِى,) a thing, (A,) and he surpassed him therein. (A, K.) 4 مَا أَخْيَرَ فُلَانًا, (A,) and ↓ مَا خَيْرَهُ, which latter is extr. [with respect to form, though more commonly used than the former], (TA,) [How good is such a one!] phrases similar to مَاأَشَّرَهُ and مَا شَّرَهُ [which have the contr. meaning]. (TA.) اللَّبَنَ لِلْمَرِيضِ ↓ مَا خَيْرَ [How good is milk for the diseased!], (K, * TA,) with nasb to the ر and ن, is an expression of wonder: (K:) it was said to Khalaf El-Ahmar, by an Arab of the desert, in the presence of Aboo-Zeyd; whereupon Khalaf said to him, “What a good word, if thou hadst not defiled it by mentioning it to the [common] people! ” and Aboo-Zeyd returned to his companions, and desired them, when Khalaf ElAhmar should come, to say, all together, these words (ما خير اللبن للمريض), [in order to vex him], and they did so. (TA.) 5 تخيّر, as an intrans. v.: see 2.

A2: As a trans. v.: see 8.6 تخايروا فِيهِ إِلَى حَكَمٍ They contended together for superior goodness, or for excellence, in it, or with respect to it, appealing to a judge, or an arbiter. (A.) 8 اختارهُ; and ↓ تخيّرهُ, (S, * A, Mgh, Msb, K,) inf. n. [or rather quasi-inf. n.] ↓ خِيَرَةٌ, said by IAth to be the only instance of the kind except طِيَرَةٌ; (TA voce تَطَيَّرَ;) and ↓ استخارهُ; (A;) and ↓ خَارَهُ; (K;) He chose, made choice of. selected, elected, or preferred, him, or it. (S, Msb, * K.) You say also, اِخْتَرْتُهُ الرِّجَالَ, and مِنَ الرِّجَالِ, [I chose him from the men,] and عَلَيْهِمْ, (K,) which last signifies in preference to them. (TA.) It is said in the Kur [vii. 154], وَاخْتَارَ مُوسَى قَوْمِهِ سَبْعِينَ رَجُلًا [And Moses chose from his people seventy men]. (TA.) وَلَقَدِ اخْتَرْنَاهُمْ عَلَى عِلْمٍ, in the Kur [xliv. 31, Verily we have chosen them with knowledge], may be indicative of God's producing good, or of his preferring them before others. (TA.) 10 استخار He sought, desired, or asked for, خِيرَة (S, Msb, K) or خِيَرَة (as in some copies of the K) [i. e. the blessing, prospering, or favour, of God; &c.]. [And it is trans.; for] one says, اِسْتَخِرِ اللّٰهَ يَخِرْ لَكَ [Desire thou, or ask thou for, the blessing, prospering, or favour, of God; &c.; and He will bless, prosper, or favour, thee; &c.]. (S.) And اِسْتَخَرْتُ اللّٰهَ فِيهِ فَخَارَ لِى I desired, or asked, of God, the better of the two things, [or rather the better in it, meaning a case, or an affair,] and He chose it for me. (A.) b2: See also 8.

خَيْرٌ [Good, moral or physical; anything that is good, real or ideal, and actual or potential; and, being originally an inf. n., used as sing and pl.;] a thing that all desire; such as intelligence, for instance, and equity; (Er-Rághib, and so in some copies of the K;) [or goodness;] and excellence; and what is profitable or useful; benefit; (Er-Rághib;) contr. of شَرٌّ: (S, A, Msb:) pl. خُيُورٌ, (Msb, K,) and also, accord. to the Msb, ↓ خِيَارٌ: (TA:) [but this latter seems to be properly pl. only of خَيْرٌ used as an epithet (see below) and as a noun denoting the comparative and superlative degrees: it may however be used as an epithet in which the quality of a subst. is predominant:] خير is of two kinds: namely, absolute خير, which is what is desired in all circumstances and by every person: and what is خير [or good] to one and شرّ [or evil] to another; as, for instance, (Er-Rághib,) wealth, or property: (Zj, L in art. شد, Er-Rághib, K:) it has this last signification, namely wealth, or property, in the Kur, ii. 176 (S, TA) and ii. 274 and xxiv. 33 and xli. 49: or in the first and second of these instances it is thus called to imply the meaning of wealth, or property, that has been collected in a praiseworthy manner, or it means much wealth or property; and this is its meaning in the first of the instances mentioned above, agreeably with a trad. of 'Alee; and also in the Kur, c. 8: (TA:) [being used as a pl. (as well as a sing.), it may be also rendered good things:] and it is also used by the Arabs to signify horses; (K, * TA;) and has this meaning in the Kur, xxxviii. 31: (TA:) [it is often best rendered good fortune; prosperity; welfare; wellbeing; weal; happiness; or a good state or condition: and sometimes bounty, or beneficence.] رَجُلٌ قَلِيلُ الخَيْرِ means [A man possessing little, or no, good; possessing few, or no, good things; or poor: and in whom is little, or no, good or goodness; or niggardly: and also] a man who does little good: (TA in art. عص:) or [who does no good;] who is not near to doing good; denoting the nonexistence of good in him. (Msb in art. قل.) [Thus it sometimes means the same as رَجُلٌ لَا خَيْرَ فِيهِ A man in whom is no good or goodness; devoid of goodness; worthless.] And قِلَّةُ خَيْرٍ means Poverty: and also niggardliness. (A and TA in art. جحد.) هُوَ مِنْ أَهْلِ الخَيْرِ وَالخِيرِ is explained voce خِيرٌ.

عَلَىيَدَىِ الخَيْرِ وَاليُمْنِ [May it be with the aid of good fortune and prosperity] is a prayer used with respect to a marriage. (A 'Obeyd, TA.) And إِنَّكَ مَا وَخَيْرًا means مَعَ خَيْرٍ, i. e., Mayest thou meet with, or attain, good. (K.) b2: خَيْرٌ in the phrase فُلَانٌ خَيْرٌ resembles an epithet [like ↓ خَيِّرٌ, and signifies Good; or possessing good]; (Akh, S;) therefore the fem. is خَيْرَةٌ, of which the pl. is خَيْرَاتٌ, (Akh, S, Msb, *) as occurring in the Kur, lv. 70; and they do not [there] mean by it [the comparative or superlative signification of the measure] أَفْعَلُ: (Akh, S:) you say ↓ رَجُلٌ خَيِّرٌ, (S, A, Msb,) meaning [A good man; or] a man possessing خَيْر [or good]; (Msb;) and رَجُلٌ خَيْرٌ: (S:) and in like manner, ↓ اِمْرَأَةٌ خَيِّرَةٌ and خَيْرَةٌ, (S, Msb,) meaning [A good woman; or] a woman excellent in beauty and disposition: (Msb:) or خَيْرٌ and ↓ خَيِّرٌ signify possessing much خَيْر [or good], (K,) applied to a man; (TA;) and in the same sense you say ↓ رَجُلٌ خَيْرَى, and ↓ خُورَى, and ↓ خِيَرى: and the fem. of the first is خَيْرَةٌ; and of the second, ↓ خَيِّرَةٌ: (K:) and the pl. [of pauc.] (of the first, TA) is أَخْيَارٌ, and [of mult.] خِيَارٌ: (A, Msb, K:) you say also خِيَارُ المَالِ, meaning The excellent of the camels or the like: (Msb, K:) and in like manner you say of men &c.: (TA:) [see also below:] and the fem. is خَيْرَةٌ, of which the pl. is خَيْرَاتٌ: (Msb:) خِيَارٌ is contr. of أَشْرَارٌ, (S, Mgh,) [thus] used as an epithet: (Mgh:) and ↓ خَيْرَةٌ [used as a subst.] signifies anything excellent; and the pl. thereof in this sense, خَيْرَاتٌ, occurs in the Kur, ix. 89: (S:) or خَيْرٌ, (K,) or the fem. خَيْرَةٌ, (Lth,) or each, (K.) signifies excellent in beauty: (Lth, K:) and ↓ خَيِّرٌ and خَيِّرَةٌ signify excellent in righteousness (Lth, K) and religion: (K:) or there is no difference in the opinion of the lexicologists [in general] between خَيْرَةٌ and ↓ خَيِّرَةٌ: (Az:) accord. to Zj, خَيْرَاتٌ and ↓ خَيِّرَاتٌ, both occurring in different readings of the Kur, lv. 70, signify good in dispositions: accord. to Khálid Ibn-Jembeh, خَيْرَةٌ, applied to a woman, signifies generous in race, exalted in rank or quality or reputation, goodly in face, good in disposition, possessing much wealth, who, if she bring forth, brings forth a generous child: (TA:) [↓ خِيَارٌ is also applied as an epithet to a sing. subst., either masc. or fem.:] you say جَمَلٌ خِيَارٌ and نَاقَةٌ خِيَارٌ, meaning A he-camel [that is excellent or] excellent and brisk and so a she-camel. (TA.) See also مُخْتَارٌ, in three places. In the saying لَعَمَرُ أَبِيكَ الخَيْرُ, the word خَيْر is in the nom. case as an epithet of عَمْر; [so that the phrase lit. means By the good life of thy father;] but properly it should be لَعَمْرُ أَبِيكَ الخَيْرِ [By the life of thy good father]: and the like is said with شَرّ. (TA.) [See also art. عمر.]

b3: خَيْرٌ is also used to denote superiority: one says, هٰذَا خَيْرٌ مِنْ هٰذَا This is better than this: and in the dial. of the Benoo-'Ámir, ↓ هٰذَا أَخْيَرُ مِنْ هٰذَا, with أ, and in like manner, أَشَّرُ; but the rest of the Arabs drop the أ in each case: (Msb:) you say, مِنْكَ ↓ هُوَ أَخْيَرُ [He is better than thou], and in like manner, أَشَّرُ مِنْكَ; and هُوَ خَيْرٌ مِنْكَ, and in like manner, شَرٌّ مِنْكَ; and, [using the dim. form of خَيْرٌ,] مِنْكَ ↓ خُيَيْرٌ, and in like manner, شُرَيْرٌ مِنْكَ. (Ibn-Buzurj, TA.) Youalso say, when you mean to express the signification of superiority, فُلَانَةٌ خَيْرُ النَّاسِ [Such a woman is the best of mankind]; but not خَيْرَةُ: [see, however, what will be found cited hereafter from the K,] and فُلَانٌ خَيْرُ النَّاسِ [Such a man is the best of mankind]; but not ↓ أَخْيَرُ [unless in the dial. of the Benoo-'Ámir]: and [it is said that] خَيْرُ when thus used does not assume the dual form nor the pl., because it has the signification of [the measure] أَفْعَلُ: for though a poet uses the dual form, he uses it as a contraction of the dual of خَيِّرٌ, like مَيْتٌ and مَيِّتٌ, and هَيْنٌ and هَيِّنٌ: (S:) [but. this remark in the S is incorrect: for both خَيْر and ↓ أَخْيَر, when used in such phrases as those to which J here refers, have pl. forms of frequent occurrence, and of which examples will be found below; and, as is said by I 'Ak (p. 239), and by many other grammarians, you may say, الزَّيْدَانِ أَفْضَلَا القَوْمِ, and الزَّيْدُونَ أَفْضَلُو القَوْمِ and أَفَاضِلُ القَوْمِ, and also هِنْدُ فُضْلَىالنِّسَآءِ, &c.; and such concordance is found in the Kur, vi. 123; and is even said by many to be more chaste than the mode prescribed by J:] it is said in the K, that you say, ↓ هُوَ أَخْيَرُ مِنْكَ, like خَيْرُ; and when you mean the signification of superiority, you say فُلَانٌ خَيْرَةٌ النَّاسِ, with ة, and فُلَانَةُ خَيْرُهُمْ, without ة: but [SM says,] I know not how this is; for in the S is said what is different from this, and in like manner by Z in several places in the Ksh; and what is most strange is, that the author of the K quotes in the B the passage of J [from the S], and adopts the opinion of the leading authorities [as given in the S]: (TA:) or you say, فُلَانَةُ الخَيْرَةُ مِنَ المَرْأَتَيْنِ [Such a woman is the better of the two women]: and هِىَ الخَيْرَةُ, and ↓ الخِيرَةُ, [so in the TA, but in the CK الخِيَرَةُ,] and ↓ الخِيرَى, and ↓ الخُورَى, [the last being fem. of أَخْيَرُ, originally خُيْرَى, and so, app., the last but one, She is the better, or best:] (K:) and [using the dim. form of خَيْرٌ] you say, أَهْلِهِ ↓ هُوَ خُيَيْرُ [He is the best of his family]: (Ibn-Buzurj, TA:) one says also, to one coming from a journey, خَيْرَ مَا رُدَّ فِى أَهْلٍ

وَمَالٍ, meaning May God make that with which thou comest [back] to be the best of what is brought back by the absent with family and property; (As, Meyd, TA;) or, as some relate it, خَيْرُ, i. e. رَدُّكَ خَيْرُ رَدٍّ [may thy bringing back be the best bringing back]; and فى is used in the sense of مَعَ: (Meyd:) [أَخْيَارٌ is pl. of pauc., and خِيَارٌ pl. of mult., and so app. is خِيرَانٌ, of خَيْرٌ thus used; and ↓ أَخَايِرُ is pl. of أَخْيَرُ, and so is أَخْيَرُونَ applied to rational beings: in the TA, أَخَايِرُ is said to be a pl. pl. of أَخْيَرُ, and so خِيرَانٌ; but this is app. a mistake, probably of transcription:] you say رَجُلٌ مِنْ خِيَارِ النَّاسِ and أَخْيَارِهِمْ and ↓ أَخَايِرِهِمْ [A man of the best of mankind]: (A, TA:) and لَكَ خِيَارُ هٰذِهِ الإِبِلِ, and ↓ خِيرَتُهَا, [Thine are, or is, or shall be, the best of these camels,] alike with respect to a sing. and a pl.: (TA:) and إِبِلِهِ ↓ نَحَرَ خِيرَةَ and إِبِلِهِ ↓ خُورَةَ [He slaughtered the best of his camels]: (IAar, TA:) and ↓ هُمُ الأَخْيَرُونَ [They (meaning men) are the better, or best]. (Ibn-Buzurj, TA.) A2: مَا خَيْرَ for مَا أَخْيَرَ: see 4, in two places.

A3: خَيْرُ بَوَّآءُ [from the Persian خِيرْبُوَا Lesser cardamom;] a kind of small grain, resembling the قَاقُلَّة [or common cardamom], (K,) of sweet odour. (TA.) خِيرٌ Generousness; generosity; (S, A, Msb, K;) liberality; munificence. (Msb.) You say, فُلَانٌ ذُو خِيرٍ Such a one is a possessor of generousness, or generosity, &c. (Msb.) And هُوَ مِنْ وَالخِيرِ ↓ أَهْلِ الخَيْرِ [He is of the people of good, or of wealth, &c., and of generosity]. (A.) b2: Eminence; elevated state or condition; nobility. (IAar, K.) b3: Origin. (Lh, K.) b4: Nature, or disposition. (A, K.) You say, هُوَ كَرِيمُ الخِيرِ He is generous in nature, or disposition. (A.) b5: Form, aspect, or appearance; figure, person, mien, feature, or lineaments; guise, or external state or condition; or the like; syn. هَيْئَةٌ. (Lh, K.) خُورَةٌ [app. originally خُيْرَةٌ]: see خَيْرٌ, near the end of the paragraph; and see also art. خور.

خَيْرَةٌ fem. of خَيْرٌ [q. v.] used as an epithet: pl. خَيْرَاتٌ. (Akh, S, Msb.) b2: [Also, used as a subst., or as an epithet in which the quality of a subst. is predominant, A good thing, of any kind: a good quality; an excellency: and a good act or action: &c.: pl. as above:] see خَيْرٌ, in the former half of the paragraph.

خِيرَةٌ: see خَيْرٌ, in three places, towards the end of the paragraph: b2: and see خِيَرَةٌ, in four places: b3: and خِيَارٌ. b4: It is also a subst. from خَارَاللّٰهُ لَكَ فِىهٰذَاالأَمْرِ, (S,) and so ↓ خِيَرَةٌ; both signifying [The blessing, prospering, or favour, of God; his causing one to have, or appointing to one, good in an affair: or his choosing for one the better thing in an affair: or] the state that results to him who begs God to cause him to have good, or to choose for him the better thing, in an affair. (TA.) You say, كَانَ ذٰلِكَ خِيرَةً مِنَ اللّٰهِ [That was through God's blessing, prospering, or favour; &c.: or through God's choosing the better thing in the affair]. (A.) خِيَرَةٌ and ↓ خِيرَةٌ (of which the former is the better known, TA) are substs. from اِخْتَارَهُ, (K,) or from اِخْتَارَهُ اللّٰهُ, (S,) both signifying A thing, man, or beast, and things, &c, that one chooses: (TA:) or [a thing, &c.,] chosen, selected, or elected: (Mgh:) as in the saying, مُحَمَّدُ خِيَرَةُ اللّٰهِ مِنْ خَلْقِهِ and ↓ خِيرَتُهُ [Mohammad is the chosen, or elect, of God, from his creatures]: (S, Mgh: *) or ↓ خِيرَةٌ is a subst. from الاِخْتِيَارٌ, like فِدْيَةٌ from الاِفْتِدَآءُ; and خِيَرَةٌ is syn. with خِيَارٌ and اِخْتِيَارٌ; or is from تَخَيَّرْتُ الشَّىْءَ: or, as some say, خِيرَةٌ and خِيَرَةٌ are syn.: (Msb:) see 8; and see also خِيَارٌ: and ↓ هٰذِهِ خِيرَتِى (Msb, TA) or خِيَرَتِى (TA) means This is what I choose; (Msb, (TA;) and so هٰذَا خيرتى: and هٰؤُلَآءِ خيرتى

These are what I choose. (TA.) [See مُخْتَارٌ.]

b2: See also خِيرَةٌ.

خُورَى: see خَيْرٌ, in two places.

خَيْرَى: see خَيْرٌ.

خِيرَى: see خَيْرٌ, in two places.

خَيْرِىٌّ Of, or relating to, خَيْر, or good, &c.]

خِيرِىٌّ Of, or relating to, or possessing, generousness, generosity, liberality, or munificence. (Msb.) A2: And hence, (Msb,) or [thus applied] it is an arabicized word, (S,) [from the Persian خِيرِىْ,] The مَنْثُور [or gilliflower:] but generally applied to the yellow species thereof; [so in the present day;] for it is this from which is extracted its oil, which is an ingredient in medicines. (Msb.) [Accord. to Golius, “Viola alba, ejusque genera: Diosc. iii. 138: ” and he adds, as on the authority of Ibn-Beytár, “spec. luteum. ”]

b2: And خِيرِىُّ البَرِّ The خُزَامَى [q. v.]; because it is the most pungent in odour of the plants of the desert. (Msb.) خَيْرِيَّةٌ The quality of خَيْرٌ; i. e. goodness.]

خِيَارٌ a subst. from الاِخْتِيَارُ; (S, Mgh, K;) meaning Choice, or option; (Msb;) and so ↓ خِيَرَةٌ in the Kur [xxviii. 68], مَاكَانَ لَهُمُ الخِيَرَةُ They have not choice, or option; (Mgh;) or the meaning of these words is, it is not for them to choose in preference to God; (Fr, Zj;) and so, accord. to Lth, ↓ خِيرَةٌ, as being an inf. n. [or rather a quasi-inf. n., though this seems doubtful,] of اختار. (TA.) You say, إِنَّ فِى الشَّرِّ خِيَارًا [Verily in evil there is a choice, or an option]; i. e. what may be chosen: a prov. (TA.) And أَنْتَ بِالخِيَارٍ and ↓ بِالْمُخْتَارِ [in some copies of the K بالمخيار, which, as is said in the TA, is a mistranscription, Thou hast the choice, or option]; i. e. choose thou what thou wilt. (K.) And البَيْعُ صَفْقَةٌ أَوْ خِيَارٌ Selling is decisive or with the option of returning. (Mgh in art. صفق.) Hence, خِيَارُ الرُّؤْيَةِ The choice of returning [on seeing it] a thing which one has purchased without seeing it. (Mgh, * Msb, * KT.) And خِيَارُ المَجْلِسِ [The choice of returning a thing purchased while sitting with the seller]. (TA.) And خِيَارُ العَيْبِ [and النَّقِيصَةِ] The choice of returning a thing to the seller when it has a fault, a defect, or an imperfection. (KT.) And خِيَارُ الشَّرْطِ The choice of returning a thing purchased when one of the two contracting parties has made it a condition that he may do so within three days or less. (KT.) And خِيَارُ التَّعْيِينِ The choice of specifying [ for instance] one of two garments, or pieces of cloth, which one has purchased for ten pieces [of money, or some other sum,] on the condition of so doing. (KT.) b2: See also مُخْتَارٌ, in three places. and see خَيْرٌ, in the middle of the paragraph, where it is explained as an epithet applied to a sing. subst., either masc. or fem. See also the first sentence of that paragraph. b3: It is also a pl. of خَيْرٌ [q. v.] as an epithet, (A, Msb, K,) [and as a noun denoting the comparative and superlative degrees.]

A2: Also [A species of cucumber; cucumis sativus Linn. a fructu minore: (Delile, Flor. Aeg. Illustr., no. 927 :)] i. q. قِثَّآءٌ: (S:) or resembling the قثّآء; (K, &c.;) which is the more suitable explanation: (TA:) or i. q. قَثَدٌ [q. v.]: an arabicized word: (Mgh:) [from the Persian خِيَارٌ:] not Arabic. (S.) b2: خِيَارُ شَنْبَرَ [The cassia fistula of Linn.;] a well-known kind of tree; (K;) a species of the خَرُّوب, resembling a large peach-tree; (TA;) abounding in Alexandria and Misr; (K;) and having an admirable yellow flower: (TA:) the latter division [or rather the whole] of the name is arabicized [from the Persian خِيَارْ چَنْبَرْ]. (TA.) خُيَيْرٌ: see خَيْرٌ, [of which it is the dim.,] in two places, in the latter half of the paragraph.

خَيِّرٌ, and its fem. خَيِّرَةٌ, and pl. fem. خَيِّرَاتٌ: see خَيْرٌ, (used as an epithet,) in eight places, in the former half of the paragraph.

خَائِرٌ [Doing good, or well: &c.:] act. part. n. of خَارَ. (S, TA.) أَخْيَرُ, and its pls. أَخَايِرُ and أَحْيَرُونَ: see خَيْرٌ, in eight places, in the latter half of the paragraph.

اِخْتِيَارِىٌّ [Of, or relating to, the will, or choice].

صِفَةٌ اخْتِيَارِيَّةٌ [meaning A quality which originates from, or depends upon, the will, or choice, i. e. an acquired quality,] is opposed to خِلْقِيَّةٌ. (Msb in art. مدح, &c.) مَخْيَرَةٌ [A cause of good: and hence,] excel-lence, and eminence, or nobility: so in the phrase, فُلَانٌ ذُو مَخْيَرَةٍ [Such a one is a possessor of eminence, &c.]. (A, TA.) مُخَيِّرٌ: see what follows.

مُخْتَارٌ act. part. n. [of 8, signifying Choosing, selecting, or electing]. (TA.) b2: And pass. part. n. [of the same, signifying Chosen, selected, elected, or preferred: and choice, select, or elect; as also ↓ خِيَارٌ, which signifies like wise the best of anything; often used in this sense, as a sing. and as a pl.; and excellent, or excellent and brisk, applied to a he-camel and to a she-camel; as mentioned above, voce خَيْرٌ]. (TA.) You say also ↓ جَمَلٌ خِيَارٌ in the sense of مُخْتَارٌ [A choice he-camel], and ↓نَاقَةٌ خِيَارٌ in the sense of مُخْتَارَةٌ [A choice she-camel]. (TA.) [See also خِيَرَةٌ.] The dim. of مُخْتَارٌ is ↓ مُخَيِّرٌ: the ت is thrown out because it is augmentative; and the ى is changed into ى because it was changed from ى in مختار: (S:) one should not say مُخَيْتِيرٌ. (El-Hareeree's Durrat el-Ghowwás, in De Sacy's Anthol. Gr. Ar. p. 49 of the Arabic text.) b3: See also خِيَارٌ.

خرع

1 خَرَعَهُ, (S,) aor. ـَ (K,) inf. n. خَرْعٌ, (S, K,) He cut it, or divided it, lengthwise; slit it; split it; (S, K;) as also ↓ اخترعهُ. (K.) b2: خَرَعَ أُذُنَ الشَّاةِ, aor. and inf. n. as above, He slit the ear of the sheep, or goat: or he slit it in the middle, cutting the upper part thereof lengthwise, so that it became three pieces, and the middle piece hung down upon the cavity of the ear. (TA.) A2: خَرُعَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. خَرَاعَةٌ (IDrd, K) and خُرُوعَةٌ, (IDrd, TA,) in the K خُرُوعٌ, which is a mistake, (TA,) and خُرْعٌ, (Ibn-' Abbád, K,) [and quasiinf. n. خَرَعٌ, which see below,] He was, or became, supple in the joints: (IDrd, K:) and it (a thing, TA) was, or became, soft, yielding, flaccid, flabby, lax, or fragile. (K.) b2: خَرِعَ, (S, K,) aor. ـَ (K,) [inf. n. خَرَعٌ, app. signifies the same as خَرُعَ: (see خَرَعٌ, below:) and also] He (a man, S, IAth) was, or became, weak, or infirm; (S, IAth, K) as also ↓ انخرع: (Lth, K:) he was, or became, weak, or infirm, in body, after firmness, strength, or hardiness: (IAar:) and he (a man, Lth) was, or became, languid, or languishing, or broken in spirit; syn. اِنْكَسَرَ; as also ↓ انخرع: (Lth, K:) and [in like manner]

↓ تخرّع he (a man) was, or became, relaxed, or flaccid, and weak, or infirm, and soft, or tender. (TA.) b3: (assumed tropical:) He (a man) was, or became, weak (اِسْتَرْخَى) in his opinion, after being strong. (IAar.) b4: Also, (Sh, IAth,) inf. n. خَرَعٌ, (Sh, K,) (assumed tropical:) He (a man, Sh, IAth) became confounded, or perplexed, and unable to see his right course; or bereft of his reason or intellect, in consequence of shame, or fear, or grief, or the like. (Sh, IAth, K.) Hence the saying of Aboo-Tálib, when death overtook him, [and he was urged to make profession of El-Islám,] لَوْلَا رَهْبَةَ أَنْ تَقُولَ قُرَيْشٌ وَهَرَهُ الخَرَعُ لَفَعَلْتُ (assumed tropical:) [Were it not for fear that Kureysh would say, “Confusion,” &c. “ put him into a state from which there was no escape for him, “I would do what thou desirest]. (TA.) b5: خَرِعَتِ النَّخْلَةُ The palm-tree lost the stumps of its lopped branches [from its trunk, which thus became comparatively smooth]. (S, K.) 5 تَخَرَّعَ see 1: b2: and 7.7 انخرع It became cut, or divided, lengthwise; it became slit, or split; it slit, or split. (S.) and انخرعت القَنَاةُ The spear-shaft split, and broke into pieces, or into small pieces. (K.) b2: I. q.

انخلع; (K;) a dial. var. of the latter; as in the phrase انخرعت كَتِفُهُ [His shoulder-blade became dislocated]. (S.) You say also, انخرعت أَعْضَآءُ البَعِيرِ The limbs of the camel became displaced; as also ↓ تخرّعت. (TA.) b3: See also two significations above, voce خَرِعَ, in two places. b4: [Whence,] اِنْخَرَعْتُ لَهُ (assumed tropical:) I became gentle, or mild, to him. (TA.) 8 اخترعهُ: see 1, first signification. b2: He broke it off; namely a branch, or piece of wood, from a tree. (TA.) b3: He cut it off for himself; or took it; namely, a man's property, &c. (TA.) b4: He acted treacherously towards him, (Aboo-Sa'eed, K,) and took of his property; (K;) as also اختزعهُ, with ز (TA.) b5: He expended it; exhausted it; caused it to pass away and come to an end, or to cease; or made an end of it. (ISh, K.) b6: اخترع الدَّابَّةَ He made use of, or rode, the beast of another person for some days, and then restored it. (Ibn -' Abbád, K.) A2: He did it, or produced it, without premeditation; syn. اِرْتَجَلَهُ: (TA:) or اِشْتَقَّهُ [app. here meaning he constructed it, or founded it, (بَنَاهُ) without premeditation; this meaning being one assigned to اشتقّه in its proper art. in the TA]: (S:) or he originated it; invented it; devised it; excogitated it; innovated it; made it, did it, produced it, caused it to be or exist, or brought it into existence, newly, for the first time, it not having been or existed before, and not after the similitude of anything preexisting; syn. أَنْشَأَهُ, (S, O, K,) and اِبْتَدَعَهُ, (S, O,) or اِبْتَدَأَهُ. (K.) You say, اخترع اللّٰهُ الأَشْيَآءَ God originated, brought into existence, or created, the things [that exist], without any means, or second cause. (TA.) and اخترع بَاطِلًا He forged a falsehood. (A, TA.) خَرَعٌ A mark in the ear of a sheep or goat; the upper part [أَعْلَى, for which we find in the CK عَلى,] of the animal's ears being cut (يُقْطَعُ, in the CK تُقَطَّعُ,) lengthwise, so that the ear becomes three pieces, and the middle piece hangs down upon the cavity of the ear. (K, TA.) A2: Suppleness of the joints: (IDrd, K:) and softness, yieldingness, flaccidity, flabbiness, laxness, or fragility, (S, K,) in a thing. (S.) [See خَرُعَ.] b2: (tropical:) Cowardice; and weakness, or feebleness, and languor, or languidness; in a man. (TA.) [See also خَرِعَ.]

خَرِعٌ (S, K) and ↓ خَرِيعٌ (K) Weak, or infirm; (S, K;) applied to a man: (S:) anything weak; and soft, yielding, flaccid, flabby, lax, or fragile: (O:) also the former, applied to a young camel, weak; or, as some say, small, that is [or may be] raised, or lifted: and, applied to a branch, soft, tender, or supple. (TA.) خِرْعَةٌ a subst. from اِخْتَرَعَ الشَّىْءَ signifying اِرْتَجَلَهُ [&c.; app. meaning A thing done, or produced, without premeditation; &c.; like بِدْعَةٌ from اِبْتَدَعَهُ, a syn. of اِخْتَرَعَهُ, q. v.]. (TA.) خَرُوعٌ: see خَرِيعٌ.

خِرْوعٌ Any weak, bending plant, of whatever kind it be: (As, S:) any plant weak, or fragile, (قَصِيف,) and sappy, whether it be a tree or a herb: (TA:) a plant weak by reason of its softness, or tenderness, and sappiness. (Sgh.) [See also خَرِعٌ.] b2: Hence, as some say, (TA,) [The ricinus communis; common palma Christi; or castor-oil-plant;] a certain plant, (S, Msb, K,) well known, (S,) soft, tender, or pliant, (Msb,) not serving for pasturage, (K,) bearing a berry resembling sparrows' eggs, called السِّمْسِمُ الهِنْدِىُّ; accord to Ibn-Jezleh, the best thereof is that called البَحْرِىُّ; it has the property of loosening phlegm, and it is useful for counteracting the colic and palsy and the [disease in the face called]

لَقْوَة, the dose extending to a مِثْقَال. (TA.) The word is of the measure فِعْوَلٌ; (Msb;) and J says [in the S] that there is no other word of the same measure except عِتْوَدٌ, which is the name of a certain valley; but to this have been added ذِرْوَدٌ, the name of a certain mountain; and عِتْوَرٌ, the name of a certain valley, and not a mistranscription of عِتْوَدٌ; and جِدْوَلٌ, a dial. var. of جَدْوَلٌ. (TA.) b3: [Hence also] اِمْرَأَةٌ خِرْوَعَةٌ A beautiful, and soft, or tender, woman: and [the pl.] خَرَاوِيعُ, applied to women, signifies [the same, or merely] beautiful. (TA.) b4: And خِرْوَعٌ is likewise applied to youth, or youthfulness, and to life, meaning (tropical:) Soft, or delicate. (TA.) خَرِيعٌ: see خَرِعٌ. b2: Anything that quickly breaks. (TA.) b3: Soft; applied to a lip (شَفَة): (TA:) and pendulous; applied to the lip of a camel. (S, K. *) b4: Applied to a woman, (S, Msb, K, TA,) Youthful, and soft, tender, or delicate: or beautiful: (TA:) or that walks with an affected bending of the body, and with softness, or delicacy: (Msb:) or that affects a bending of the body by reason of softness, or delicacy; (As, S, K;) as also خِرِيعَةٌ and ↓ خَرُوعٌ: (Ibn-' Abbád, K:) or (assumed tropical:) vitious; or immoral; or an adulteress; or a fornicatress; (S, K;) but this explanation is disallowed by As: (S:) or (assumed tropical:) that does not repel the hand of a feeler, or toucher; as though she were gentle, or mild, (تَنْخَرِعُ,) to him; as also with ة: or hard, or (assumed tropical:) impudent, not caring for what is said or done, and inordinately brisk, lively, or sprightly: pl. خُرُوعٌ and خَرَائِعُ and خُرَّعٌ. (TA.) Also (assumed tropical:) One who induces, or is an object of, suspicion; because such a person fears, and is therefore as though he were weak. (TA.) b5: Also, [as a subst.,] A branch; because of its softness, or tenderness, and its bending. (TA.) خَرَاعَةٌ a dial. var. of خَلَاعَةٌ, which is syn. with دَعَارَةٌ [i .e. Vice, or immorality; or vitious, or immoral, conduct; &c.]. (S.) شَاةٌ مَخْرُوعَةٌ A sheep, or goat, having the mark termed خَرَعٌ [q. v.] in the ear. (K.)