فقر

1 فَقَرَ, (TA,) [aor., app., فَقُرَ and فَقِرَ,] inf. n. فَقْرٌ, (O, K, TA,) He dug the ground; (O, * K, * TA;) as also ↓ فقّر, (TA,) inf. n. تَفْقِيرٌ. (K, TA.) and He dug a well to draw forth the water. (TA.) b2: And فَقْرٌ signifies The boring, or perforating, of beads for the purpose of stringing; (K;) [as also تَفْقِيرٌ; for one says] ↓ فَقَّرْــتُ [as well as فَقَرْــتُ], meaning I bored, or perforated, beads. (S.) b3: And The act of cleaving, slitting, or rending. (O.) [See also 8.] b4: And فَقَرَ أَنْفَ البَعِيرِ, (S, O, K, *) [and فَقَرَ البَعِيرَ also, as is indicated in the TA,] aor. ـُ and فَقِرَ, inf. n. فَقْرٌ, (K,) He made an incision in the nose [or muzzle] of the camel, (S, O, K, TA,) the beast being refractory, (TA,) with an iron instrument, (S, O, TA,) so as to reach to the bone, (K, TA,) or nearly so, (TA,) then put upon the place of the incision the [cord called] جَرِير, (S, O, TA, *) with a [string such as is termed] وَتَر wound upon it, (S, O,) to render him tractable, or to train him, thereby: (S, O, K, TA:) sometimes the refractory camel has three incisions made in his muzzle; and when his owner desires to render him tractable, and to prevent him from being brisk above measure, he puts the جرير upon the incision that is next to his lip, and in consequence he governs him as he will; and if he be between the refractory and the tractable, he puts the جرير upon the intermediate incision, and in consequence he exceeds in his pace; and if he desire that he should stretch forth and go without inconvenience to his owner, he puts the جرير upon the uppermost incision. (Aboo-Ziyád, L.) [The incision above mentioned is termed ↓ فُقْرَــةٌ. b5: Hence, app., by a tropical usage, فَقَرَ signifies (assumed tropical:) He stigmatized a man: Freytag has mentioned it as occurring in the Deewán of the Hudhalees, and meaning “ satyra perstrinxit eius vitia commemorans aliquem. ”]

A2: [فَقَرَــهُ, aor. ـُ inf. n. فَقْرٌ, He, or it, broke the فَقَار (or vertebræ) of his back. b2: Hence the phrase,] فَقَرَــتْهُ الفَافقِرَــةُ, (S, O,) or الدَّاهِيَةُ, aor. ـُ inf. n. فَقْرٌ, (Msb,) [lit.] The calamity broke the vertebræ of his back: (S, O:) [meaning] the calamity befell him. (Msb.) A3: فَقُرَ, with damm, [aor. ـُ He had a complaint of his vertebræ: and فَقِرَ, aor. ـَ inf. n. فَقَرٌ, He had a complaint of his vertebræ arising from fracture or disease. (Msb.) b2: فَقُرَ or فَقِرَ in the sense of اِفْتَقَرَ: see 8.2 فَقَّرَ see 1, first and third sentences. b2: فقّر لِلْوَدِيَّةِ, (S, TA, *) or لِلْفَسِيلَةِ, (K, TA,) inf. n. تَفْقِيرٌ; [and accord. to Golius, ↓ تــفقّر, but for this I have not found any authority;] He dug a hollow such as is termed فَقِير [q. v.] for the shoot, or offset, of a palm-tree. (S, K, TA.) b3: And فُقِّرَ, said of anything, It was incised, or notched; and impressed, or marked. (TA.) b4: Lth has erroneously assigned to تَفْقِيرٌ, a meaning belonging to تَقْفِيزٌ, q. v. (TA.) 4 افقر He (a colt) became fit for riding upon his فَقَار [or vertebræ]; like أَرْكَبَ: (O:) or he (a colt, Msb), or it (the back of a colt, L), became [strong in the vertebræ and] fit for being ridden. (L, Msb.) A2: افقرهُ نَاقَتَهُ, (S, O,) or بَعِيرَهُ, (ISk, K,) or ظَهْرَ بَعِيرِهِ, (TA,) or بَعِيرًا, (Mgh,) or دَابَّتَهُ, (A 'Obeyd, TA,) or المُهْرَ, (Msb,) He lent him the vertebræ [meaning the back] of his she-camel, that he might ride thereon: (S, O:) and he lent him the back of his camel (ISk, K, TA) during a journey, (ISk, TA) for carrying a burden, and for riding, (ISk, K, TA,) to be returned afterwards: (ISk, TA:) and he lent him a camel, that he might ride thereon; from فَقَار signifying the “ vertebræ ” of the back: (Mgh:) and he lent him his beast to ride as long as he pleased during a journey and then to return it to him: (A 'Obeyd, TA:) and he lent him the colt to ride upon its vertebræ [or back]. (Msb.) b2: Hence, افقرهُ أَرْضَهُ (tropical:) He lent him his land for sowing. (TA, from a trad.) b3: أَــفْقَرَــكَ الصَّيْدُ means The object of the chase has enabled thee to have its vertebræ within thy power; therefore shoot it, or shoot at it: (O, TA:) or has enabled thee to have its side [which is sometimes termed فُقْر] within thy power: (K:) or has become near to thee. (TA.) [The Khaleefeh] El-Weleed the son of Yezeed the son of 'AbdEl-Melik is related to have said, أَــفْقَرَ بَعْدَ مَسْلَمَةَ الصَّيْدُ لِمَنْ رَمَى i. e. The object of the chase has enabled the shooter at it to have its vertebræ within his power after Meslemeh; meaning that, since the death of his paternal uncle Meslemeh, the territory of the Muslims had become assailable to him who might attempt it. (TA.) A3: افقرهُ also signifies He (i. e. God, S, O, K, or a man, Msb) rendered him فَقِير [meaning poor, or needy, &c.]. (S, O, Msb, K.) A4: مَا أَــفْقَرَــهُ [i. e. How poor, or needy, &c., is he!] and مَا أَغْنَاهُ [which has the contr. meaning] are [said to be] anomalous; for their [respective primitive] verbs are اِفْتَقَرَ and اِسْتَغْنَى, from either of which the verb of wonder is not properly [or regularly] formed. (S, O. [But see 8.]) 5 ظَهَرَ قَبْلَنَا نَاسٌ يَتَــفَقَّرُــونَ العِلْمَ, occurring in a trad., as some relate it, means [There appeared before us men] eliciting what was recondite, or obscure, of knowledge, and opening what was closed thereof; from فَقَرْــتُ البِئْرَ meaning “ I dug the well to draw forth the water: ” but the reading commonly known is [يَتَقَفَّرُونَ, q. v.,] with the ق before the ف. (IAth, TA.) b2: See also 2.6 تفاقر He feigned the lowliness, or submissiveness, of poverty, humbling, or abasing, himself with men. (K * and TA in art. بأس.) 8 افتقر He clave, slit, or rent; and opened: [see also 1, fourth sentence:] hence its usage in a trad. of 'Omar, in which, after his saying that Imra-el-Keys was the foremost of the poets, and had made the source of poetry to well forth abundantly to them, [see خَسَفَ,] he is related to have added, وَافْتَقَرَ عَنْ مَعانٍ عُورٍأَصَحَّ بَصَرٍ: in saying this, he attributed a sound and an opened sight to the poetry, [which he thus personified,] and in like manner he described obscure and occult meanings by applying to them the epithet عُور [generally meaning “ blind of one eye ”]: he meant that Imra-el-Keys had made the meanings of poetry clear and perspicuous, and unveiled them, and shunned substitution and obscure diction: عَنْ with what is [to be understood as] antecedently connected with it occupies the place of a noun in the accus. case as a denotative of state: it is as though he said, فَتَحَ لِلشِّعْرِأَصَحَّ بَصَرٍ مُجَاوِزًا لِلْمَعَانِى العُورِمُتَخَطِيًا لَهَا [lit. He opened, to poetry, a most sound vision, passing over half-blind meanings]. (O.) A2: Also, (O,) He was, or became, فَقِير [meaning poor, or needy, &c.]; (S, O, Msb, K, &c.;) and so ↓ فَقِرَ, aor. ـَ inf. n. فَقَرٌ; (Msb;) and ↓ فَقُرَ, aor. ـُ (K;) or they said افتقر, (Sb, Msb, TA,) like as they said اِشْتَدَّ, (Sb, TA,) but they did not say فَقُرَ, (Sb, Msb, TA,) like as they did not say شَدُدَ, (Sb, TA,) افتقر serving them instead of فَقُرَ; (Msb;) nor did they use any unaugmented form of this verb. (Sb, TA.) b2: And one says, افتقر إِلَيْهِ He, or it, wanted, needed, or required, him, or it; [a phrase of frequent occurrence; like فَقِيرٌ إِلَيْهِ;] i. q. اِحْتَاجَ اليه. (TA in art. حوج.) 10 استــفقر بَعِيرًا [He borrowed, or asked for the loan of, the back of a camel, for carrying a burden or for riding]. (See أَرْمَلُ.) فَقْرٌ and ↓ فُقْرٌ signify the same, (S, O, Msb, K,) but the latter is bad, (Lth, TA,) and sometimes they said ↓ فُقُرٌ, (MF, TA,) Poverty, want, or need; contr. of غِنًى: (K:) or the state of a man when he has [only] what suffices for his household, or those who dwell with him and whose maintenance is incumbent on him: (ISd, K:) [other meanings are indicated by explanations of the epithet فَقِيرٌ, q. v.:] ↓ مَفاَقِرُ [signifying needs, or wants,] is said by some to be a pl. of فَقرٌ, anomalous, like مَشَابِهُ [pl. of شَبَهٌ] and مَلَامِحُ [pl. of لَمْحَةٌ]: or it may be a pl. of ↓ مُــفْقَرٌ, an inf. n. of أَــفْقَرَــهُ; or pl. of ↓ مُــفْقِرٌ; or it has no sing.: (TA:) you say, ↓ سَدَّ اللّٰهُ مَفَاقِرَهُ God rendered him, or may God render him, free from want; (S, Msb, K;) [lit.] God supplied, or may God supply, his various needs, or wants. (S, K.) b2: And فَقْرٌ signifies also Anxiety; or disquietude, or trouble, of mind: pl. فُقُورٌ: (O, K, TA:) one says, شَكَى إِلَيْهِ فُقُورَهُ He complained to him of his anxieties; &c.: and it means also, his circumstances, and wants: (TA:) [for,] accord. to IAar, the phrase فُقُورُ النَّفْسِ is like شُقُورُهَا. (O.) A2: See also فَقْرَــةٌ.

فُقْرٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

A2: Also The side: pl. فُقَرٌ, (K, TA,) which is extr. [in respect of analogy]: mentioned by Kr. (TA.) [See أَــفْقَرَــكَ الصَّيْدُ.]

فَقُرٌ: see فَقْرَــةٌ.

فَقِرٌ: see فَقِيرٌ, former half, in two places.

فُقُرٌ: see فَقْرٌ.

فَقْرَــةٌ: see فَقَارٌ.

A2: Accord. to the K, it signifies also A certain plant; and its pl. [or rather the coll. gen. n.] is ↓ فَقْرٌ: but the sing. [or n. un.] is correctly ↓ فَقُرَــةٌ, with fet-h and then damm, mentioned by Sb as a word of a rare form, of which the pl. [or coll. gen. n.] is ↓ فَقُرٌ, as it has no broken pl.; and expl. by Th. (TA.) فُقْرَــةٌ A hollow dug in the ground: pl. فُقَرٌ. (O, K, TA.) b2: And The [incision termed] قُرْمَة (IAar, O, TA) that is made in the nose [or muzzle] (IAar, O) of the camel, (IAar, O, TA,) [in order to render him tractable, (see 1, near the beginning,)] after which [if necessary] another is made, [above it,] and then another, until he becomes gentle: (IAar, O:) pl. [of pauc. أَــفْقُرٌ, occurring in the L, evidently as a pl. of فُقْرَــةٌ in this sense, and, of mult., but also used as a pl. of pauc.,] فُقَرٌ. (O, TA.) Hence the saying of 'Aacute;ïsheh, in relation to [the murder of] 'Othmán, [app. alluding to its involving three violations, namely, the violation of the sacredness of the city in which it was perpetrated and of the month in which it occurred and of the person of the Khaleefeh,] بَلَغْتُمْ مِنْهُ الــفُقَرَ الثَّلَاثَ, meaning (tropical:) Ye have done to him the like of your deed to the camel above mentioned [upon which ye have inflicted the three فُقَر]: thus expl. by Az. (TA.) Accord. to AHeyth, فُقَرٌ means (assumed tropical:) Great, or grievous, or formidable, events. (O.) And the three فُقَرَــات of the son of Adam are said to be (assumed tropical:) The day of birth and the day of death and the day of resurrection. (O.) b3: Also The part, of a shirt, that is the place into which the head is inserted. (K.) A2: Also Nearness. (K.) And one says, هُوَ مِنِّى فُقْرَــةً, meaning He is near to me. (K, * TA.) A3: See also مُــفْقِرٌ.

فِقْرَــةٌ: see فَقَارٌ. b2: [Hence] الــفِقَرَــاتُ is a name of (assumed tropical:) The star [or stars] in the خَرَزَات [meaning joints of the tail] of Scorpio. (Kzw in his descr. of Scorpio.) And فِقَرٌ signifies (assumed tropical:) Certain ornaments, moulded, or fashioned, in the form of the vertebra of the back: (A, KT, TA, and Har p. 34:) one of which is termed فِقْرَــةٌ. (Har ibid.) b3: and hence, (KT,) or as being likened to a vertebra of the back, (S, O, KT,) (tropical:) The best verse in an ode is termed فِقْرَــةٌ. (S, O, K, KT.) b4: and hence, as being likened to the best verse in an ode, فِقْرَــهٌ means (tropical:) (tropical:) Any choice phrase or sentence: (KT:) one says, مَا أَحْسَنَ فِقَرَ كَلَامِهِ i. e. [How beautiful are] the points, or points of wit, (سُكَت [pl. of نُكْتَةٌ]) of his speech, or language! (A, TA.) b5: And in like manner it is applied to signify (assumed tropical:) The end [or final word] of every verse of an ode and [of every clause] of a خُطْبَة [which is in rhyming prose]. (Msb.) b6: And (assumed tropical:) [A pair of clauses of rhyming prose, both ending with the same rhyme; i. e.] the فِقْرَــة is that which in [rhyming] prose is like the verse in poetry. (Kull p. 208.) A2: Also A piece of land, such as is termed قَرَاح [q. v.], for sowing. (O, K.) A3: and A thing that serves as a mark, or sign, (Lth, K, TA,) to men contending, or competing, in shooting, or casting, (Lth,) such as a mountain, (K,) or such as a hill, or a hollow dug in the ground, (Lth.) or a هَدَف [or butt, &c.], (Lth, K, TA,) and the like: (K, TA:) they say, in such contending or competing, أُرَامِيكَ مِنْ أَدْنَى فِقْرَــةٍ [I will contend, or compete, with thee in shooting, or casting, from the nearest فقرة] and مِنْ أَبْعَدِ فِقْرَــةٍ

[from the furthest فقرة]. (Lth, TA.) فَقُرَــةٌ: see فَقْرَــةٌ.

فُقْرَــى [The lending one a camel, &c., to be ridden or to carry a burden;] a subst. [similar to رُقْبَى and عُمْرَى] from أَــفْقَرَــهُ نَاقَتَهُ (S) or بَعِيرَهُ. (K.) فَقَارٌ The vertebra of the back; (S, * Msb, K;) the bones of the spine, which are set in regular order, one upon another, from the part where is the كَاهِل to the عَجْب: (K, * TA:) [it is sometimes used as a sing., as in the S and O and K voce طَبَقٌ: but properly] the sing., (Msb, K,) or n. un., (S, TA,) is ↓ فَقَارَةٌ, (S, Msb, K,) for which one should not say فِقَارَةٌ, with kesr: (ISk, Msb:) and ↓ فِقْرَــةٌ, of which the pl. is فِقَرٌ and فِقْرَــاتٌ and فِقَرَــاتٌ and فِقِرَــاتٌ, signifies the same as فَقَارَةٌ; (S, Msb, K:) as does also ↓ فَقْرَــةٌ. (K.) b2: [Hence,] فَقَارُ الجَوْزَآءِ (assumed tropical:) The three very bright stars [d and e and z] disposed obliquely in the midst of the constellation الجوزآء [i. e. Orion]. (Har p. 456. [See art. جوز.) b3: And [hence also,] ذُو الفَقَارِ (assumed tropical:) the name of A [celebrated] sword of the Prophet, (S, O, K,) and afterwards, of 'Alee: it had previously belonged to El-'As Ibn-Munebbih, who was slain at Bedr, (O, K,) by 'Alee, by whom his sword was given to the Apostle: (O:) accord. to Abu-l-'Abbás [i. e. Th]. it was thus named because there were in it small beautiful hollows [app. meaning small scallops in the edge, such as some modern swords have, for the more easy cleaving of coats of mail]: it is also, accord. to some, called ذو الفِقَار; but this is said by El-Khattábee to be vulgar. (TA.) b4: It (i. e. ذُوالفَقَارِ) is also used, metaphorically, as meaning (tropical:) The spear. (TA.) فَقِيرٌ A hollow that is dug around the shoot, or offset, of a palm-tree, when it is planted: (S, O:) or a well [or the like thereof] in which the shoot, or offset, of a palm-tree is planted, (K, TA,) then alluvial soil with dung of camels or the like is pressed down around it: (TA:) pl. فُقُرٌ, with two dammehs: (K, TA:) or this [app. the pl., but accord. to the TA the sing.,] signifies wells, (K, TA,) three, and more, together, (TA,) or communicating, one with another. (K, TA.) The sing. signifies also A well: (Mgh, O:) or an old well: (O:) or a well having little water: (TA:) pl. as above. (Mgh.) b2: And A plain, or soft, place, in which wells are dug forming a regular series. (O, K,) And رَكِيَّةٌ فَقِيرَةٌ signifies A dug well. (TA.) And فَقِيرُ بَنِى فُلَانٍ فِى الرَّكَايَا is expl. by A 'Obeyd as meaning The share of the sons of such a one of the wells. (TA.) b3: Also The mouth, (K, TA,) or the place whence the water issues, (S, O, TA,) of a subterranean channel, or conduit: (S, * O, * K, * TA:) pl. as above. (TA.) b4: And it is said to signify A [hollowed] trunk of a palm-tree, by means of which one ascends to an upper chamber: but the word commonly known in this sense is نَقِيرٌ [q. v.], with ن. (IAth, TA.) A2: As an epithet applied to a camel, it means Having an incision [or two incisions or three] made in his nose [or muzzle] in the manner explained in the first paragraph of this art.; and so ↓ مَفْقُورٌ. (K, TA.) A3: Also, applied to a man, (TA,) Having the vertebræ of the back broken; (S, O, K, * TA;) and so ↓ فَقِرٌ and ↓ مَفْقُورٌ: (K:) or having a complaint of the vertebræ of his back, arising from fracture or from disease: (Msb:) or having his vertebræ pulled out from his back, so that his spine is interrupted: (T, L:) and ↓ فَقِرٌ, a man having a complaint of his vertebræ: (S, O, TA:) and فقير and ↓ مَفْقُورٌ, a man afflicted [lit. having the vertebræ of his back broken] by a calamity. (Msb.) A4: Hence, as though having the vertebræ of his back broken, (IDrst, TA in art. جبر,) [but said to be irregularly formed from اِفْتَقَرَ, like مَا أَــفْقَرَــهُ, q. v.,] Poor: or needy; contr. of غَنِىٌّ; (as implied in the K;) having [only] what suffices for his household, or those who dwell with him and whose maintenance is incumbent an him: (ISd, K:) or one who finds food sufficient to sustain life: (K:) or one who possesses only what is sufficient for life: (ISk, S, K: *) or one whose property is, or has become, little: further expl. in art. سكن: (Msb:) or one who has what to eat; (Aboo-'Amr Ibn-El-'Alà;) differing from مِسْكِينٌ, which signifies one who possesses nothing; altogether destitute: (Aboo-'Amr Ibn-El-'Alà, ISk, S, O, K:) or both mean destitute, i. e. possessing nothing: (IAar, S, O:) Aboo-Haneefeh holds the opinion of ISk, (TA,) who cites the following verse from a poem of Er-Rá'ee in praise of 'Abd-El-Melik Ibn-Marwán; أَمَّا الفَقِيرُ الَّذِى كَانَتْ حَلُوبَتُهُ وَفْقَ العِيَالِ فَلَمْ يُتْرَكْ لَهُ سَبَدُ

[As to the فقير whose milch camel was sufficient for his household, and nothing (more) was left to him:] (S, O, TA:) As says that the مسكين is better in condition than the فقير: and Yoo says that the فقير is better in condition than the مسكين; and adds, I asked an Arab of the desert, Art thou فقير? and he answered, No, by God, but rather مسكين: (S, O, TA:) or the former signifies needy, needing, or wanting; a needer; and the latter, one abased by need or want, or otherwise; (Ibn-'Arafeh, O, K;) who, if abased by need or want, may lawfully receive of the poor-rate; but if abased otherwise than by need or want, he may not receive of the poorrate; for he may be rich: (Ibn-'Arafeh:) [الفَقِيرُ

إِلَى اللّٰهِ the needer of God, i. e., of God's help, &c., and الفَقِيرُ إِلَى رَحْمَةِ اللّٰهِ the needer of the mercy of God, are epithets which a man often writes before his name:] it is said in the Kur [xxxv. 16], أَنْتُمُ الــفُقَرَــآءُ إِلَى اللّٰهِ وَاللّٰهُ هُوَ الْغَنِىُّ الْحَمِيدُ, which is explained as meaning Ye are the needers, or they who stand in need, of God: [and God, He is the Self-sufficient, the Praised in every case:] (O, * TA: [see also the Kur xxviii. 24:]) or فقير signifies one who is crippled, or deprived of the power of motion, by disease, or who suffers from a protracted disease, being weak, and who has no trade; and one who has a mean trade that does not suffice for his need; and مسكين, a beggar, who has a trade that stands in some stead, (حِرْفَةٌ تَقَعُ مَوْقِعًا,) but does not cause him and his household to be without want; (Esh-Sháfi'ee, T, O, K;) so that the former is in a harder condition than the latter accord. to Esh-Sháfi'ee; (T;) and it seems that he is called فقير because of crippleness, or protracted disease, which prevents his freely employing himself in making gain: (Khálid Ibn-Yezeed:) As also says that the latter is in a better condition than the former; (S, O, K;) and so says Ahmad Ibn-'Obeyd: (TA:) and as to the verse of Er-Rá'ee, cited above, it is said to mean that the person there mentioned had a milch camel in former times, but possessed it no longer, and that لَمْ يُتْرَكْ لَهُ سَبَد means that nothing was left to him: (Mgh:) the pl. of the latter epithet is also applied in the Kur xviii. 78 to men possessing a ship, or boat, which is worth a considerable sum; (Mgh;) whence Aboo-Bekr holds the opinion of As to be correct: (TA:) but it is urged in reply, that these men were hirers, not owners, of the vessel, as appears from one reading, [app. يُعَمَّلُونَ for يَعْمَلُونَ,] with teshdeed: (TA:) or the former signifies one who has neither property nor gain that suffices for his need; and the latter, one who has property or gain not sufficient for him: or, as some say, the converse is the truth: (Bd in ix. 60:) or both signify the same, (IAar, S, K,) one who possesses nothing: (IAar, S:) or when they are used together, they differ in signification; and when used separately, they both [sometimes] signify the same: (El-Bedr El-Karáfee:) [see more voce مِسْكِينٌ:] fem. with ة: (Msb, K:) pl. masc. فُقَرَــآءُ; (Msb, K;) pl. fem. فَقَائِرُ, (K,) and فُقَرَــآءُ (Lh, Msb, TA) like the masc., [said to be] the only instance of the kind except سُفَهَآءُ as pl. of سَفِيهَةٌ; (Msb;) [though فُقَهَآءُ, and perhaps some other instances, should be added;] but ISd says, I know not how this is. (TA.) فَقَارَةٌ: see فَقَارٌ.

فَيْقَرٌ: see the next paragraph.

فَاقِرَةٌ [An act that breaks, or will break, the vertebræ of the back: and hence,] (assumed tropical:) a calamity, or misfortune; (S, O, K;) as also ↓ فَيْقَرٌ: (S, O, K:) or, accord. to Lth and others, such as breaks the vertebræ of the back: (TA:) pl. فَوَاقِرُ. (Har p. 399.) عَمِلَ بِهِ الفَاقِرَةَ is a prov., meaning He did to him an act breaking, or that would break, his vertebræ; or a calamity, or misfortune, as in the Kur lxxv. 25: (Meyd:) [or, accord. to J, it app. means he did to him that which would render him tractable; for he says,] it is from the phrase فَقَرْــتُ أَنْفَ البَعِيرِ. (S. [This phrase in the S has been strangely misunderstood by Golius; who has consequently, after mentioning the meaning “ infortunium,” added “ et Habena seu capistrum, de quo in Conj. 1. ”]) b2: And [hence] الفَاقِرَةُ signifies (assumed tropical:) The resurrection. (TA.) أَــفْقَرُ [More, and most, poor or needy &c.: said to be formed irregularly from اِفْتَقَرَ, not from an unaugmented form of the verb; like مَا أَــفْقَرَــهُ]. (See Ham pp. 573-4.) مُــفْقَرٌ: see فَقْرٌ.

مُــفْقِرٌ, applied to a man, (O, TA,) Strong (O, K, TA) in the vertebræ of the back; (TA;) and thus ↓ مُــفَقَّرٌ, applied to a camel; and [in like manner] ↓ ذُوفُقْرَــةٍ, so applied, strong to be ridden: (O, TA:) and مُــفْقِرٌ signifies also strong in the back; applied to a colt: (TA:) and, thus applied, that has attained to the time when he may be ridden. (K.) b2: And [hence] one says, إِنَّهُ لَمُــفْقِرٌ لِهٰذَا الأَمْرِ (assumed tropical:) Verily he is equal to this affair, possessing firmness of mind, or strength, or power, for it; (ISh, O, L, K;) and لهذا العَزْمِ for this determination, or resolution; and لهذا القِرْنِ for this adversary, or opponent. (L.) And ↓ رَجُلٌ مُــفَقَّرٌ (assumed tropical:) A man sufficient for everything that he is ordered to do; (O, K, TA;) as thought by reason of the strength of his vertebræ. (TA.) A2: See also فَقْرٌ.

مُــفَقَّرٌ A sword having notches, or indentations, in its مَتْن [q. v.], (S, K,) forming depressions therein. (K.) A2: See also مُــفْقِرٌ, in two places.

مَفْقُورٌ: see فَقِيرٌ, in three places.

مَفَاقِرُ: see فَقْرٌ, in two places.

أَرْضٌ مُتَــفَقِّرَــةٌ Land in which are many فُقَر, meaning hollows. (O, K.) مُتَفَاقِرٌ A man asserting himself to be in a state of فَقْر [i. e. poverty, or need, &c.]. (A, TA.)

جبر

1 جَبَرَ, (S, Msb, K, &c.,) aor. ـُ (Msb,) inf. n. جَبْرٌ (S, A, Msb, K, &c.) and جُبُورٌ, (M, K,) which latter, accord. to MF, is an inf. n. of the intrans. verb only, but it has been heard as an inf. n. of the trans. verb also, (TA,) and جِبَارَةٌ, (Lh, K,) He set a bone; reduced it from a fractured state; (S, A, Msb, K, &c.;) as also ↓ جبّر, (A, IAmb, K,) inf. n. تَجْبِيرٌ; (TA;) and ↓ اجبر, (Ibn-Talhah, MF, TA,) but this is extremely strange, and not found in the lexicons of celebrity, (MF,) and not heard by AO; (TA;) [and ↓ اجتبر.] One says also, يَدَهُ ↓ جبّر, (A, IAmb,) or جَبَرَهَا, (Msb,) He (a bone-setter) set his arm, or reduced it from a fractured state: (A:) or put upon it the جَبِيرَة [or splints]. (Msb.) b2: Hence, (TA,) جَبَرَ, (AAF, M, K, &c.,) inf. n. جَبْرٌ (S, A, K) and جُبُورٌ [but respecting this latter see above] and جِبَارَةٌ; (K;) and ↓ جبّر, (K,) inf. n. تَجْبِيرٌ; (TA;) and ↓ اجبر; (Ibn-Talhah, MF, TA; [but respecting this form see above;]) and ↓ اجتبر; (K;) (tropical:) He restored a man from a state of poverty to wealth, or competence, or sufficiency: (AAF, S, A, K, &c.:) or he benefited a poor man; conferred a benefit, or benefits, upon him: (M, K:) but the former is the more appropriate explanation: (AAF, TA:) and this signification is tropical; (IDrst, MF, TA;) the poor man being likened to one who has a broken bone, and his restoration to wealth, or competence, being likened to the setting of the bone; wherefore he is called فَقِيرٌ, as though the vertebræ of his back were broken: (IDrst, TA:) in the A it is mentioned as proper, not tropical; but the author of the A afterwards mentions جَبَرْتُ فُلَانًا as tropical in the sense of نَعَشْتُهُ (tropical:) [I recovered such a one from his embarrassment, &c.; repaired his broken fortune, or his condition]. (TA.) One says also, جَبَرْتُ فَاقَةَ الرَّجُلِ (tropical:) [I repaired the broken fortune of the man;] I restored the man to wealth, or competence, or sufficiency. (A Heyth, TA.) And جَبَرْتُ اليَتِيمَ (assumed tropical:) [I put the affairs of the orphan into a right, or good, state: or] I gave to the orphan. (Msb.) And جَبَرَ (tropical:) He restored anything to a sound, right, or good, state. (IDrst, TA.) And جَبَرَهُ اللّٰهُ (assumed tropical:) [May God render him sound, and strong]: said in relation to a child. (S and K in art. زرع.) And جَبَرْتُ نِصَابَ الزَّكَاةِ بِكَذَا (assumed tropical:) I made the amount of the property equal to that which renders it incumbent on the possessor to pay the poor-rate, by [adding] such a thing: the name of that thing is جبران [app. ↓ جُبْرَانٌ]: and the person who does this is termed ↓ جَابِرٌ. (Msb.) A2: جَبَرَ also signifies He compelled, or constrained, another. (B.) You say, جَبَرَهُ عَلَى الأَمْرِ, (Lh, Az, Msb, K,) aor. ـُ inf. n. جَبْرٌ and جُبُورٌ, (Msb,) a chaste form of the verb, of the dial. of El-Hijáz, (Az, TA,) or of the Benoo-Temeem and of many of the people of El-Hijáz, (Msb,) or of Temeem alone; (Lh, TA;) [but said in the Mgh to be of weak authority;] and ↓ اجبرهُ; (Th, S, Msb, K, &c.;) both these forms of the verb mentioned by Az, Fr, A 'Obeyd, and others, (Msb,) but the latter is the form used by the generality of the Arabs, (Lh, TA,) and by the grammarians [in general]; (TA;) He compelled him, against his will, to do the thing: (Lh, Th, Az, S, Msb, K:) ↓ إِجْبَارٌ originally signifying the inciting, urging, or inducing, another to restore a thing to a sound, right, or good, state. (B.) And عَلَى الحُكْمِ ↓ اجبرهُ He (a judge) compelled him to submit to, or to perform, the sentence. (L.) A3: Also جَبَرَ, [aor. ـُ inf. n. جُبُورٌ (S, Msb, K) and جَبْرٌ, (Msb, K,) which latter, accord. to MF [and the Mgh], is an inf. n. of the trans. verb only, but it has been heard as an inf. n. of the intrans. verb also; (TA;) and ↓ انجبر, (T, S, K,) and ↓ اجتبر, (T, S,) and ↓ تجبّر; (K;) It (a bone) became set, or reduced from a fractured state. (T, S, Msb, K.) b2: And [hence,] the first of these verbs, with the same inf. ns.; (K;) and ↓ اجتبر, (S, * K,) and ↓ انجبر, and ↓ تجبّر, and ↓ استجبر; (K;) (tropical:) He (a poor man, K, and an orphan, TA) became restored from a state of poverty to wealth, or competence, or sufficiency: (S, * K:) or received a benefit, or benefits: (K:) ↓ اجتبر is syn. with انتعش (tropical:) [he recovered, or became recovered, from his embarrassment, &c.]. (A.) [And (assumed tropical:) It (anything) became restored to a sound, right, or good, state.] El-' Ajjáj has used جَبَرَ transitively and intransitively in the same sentence, saying, قَدْ جَبَرَ الدِّينَ الإِلَاهُ فَجَبَرْ [(assumed tropical:) God hath restored the religion to a sound, right, or good, state, and it hath become restored thereto]: (S:) or, accord. to some, the second verb is corroborative of the first; the meaning being, God hath desired, or purposed, to restore the religion, &c., and hath completed its restoration. (B.) 2 جَبَّرَ see 1, in three places.4 أَجْبَرَ see 1, in five places.

A2: اجبرهُ also signifies He imputed to him [the tenet of] الجَبْر; (S, * L, K; *) he called him a جَبَرِىّ: (L:) like as اكفرهُ signifies “ he imputed to him infidelity. ” (S.) 5 تجبّر: see 1, latter part, in two places. Also (tropical:) What had gone from him (a man) returned to him: (K:) or some of his property that had gone from him returned to him. (T, TA.) (assumed tropical:) He (a sick man) became in a good state. (K.) (assumed tropical:) It (a plant, TA, and a tree, K) became green, and put forth leaves (K, TA) and fresh green twigs, when dry: produced fresh shoots in its dry parts: (TA:) it (herbage) became somewhat restored to a good state after having been eaten: (K, * TA:) or grew after having been eaten. (S.) b2: He (a man, S) magnified himself; behaved proudly, haughtily, or insolently. (S, A, K.) A2: (assumed tropical:) He (a man) obtained wealth, or property: (K:) but Lh explains it as meaning, intransitively, he obtained wealth, or property. (TA.) 7 إِنْجَبَرَ see 1, latter part, in two places.8 إِجْتَبَرَ see 1, in five places. You say also, أَصَابَتْهُ مُصِيبَةٌ لَا يَجْتَبِرُهَا [(assumed tropical:) A calamity befell him from which he will not recover]; i. e. مِنْهَا ↓ لَا مَجْبَرَ [(assumed tropical:) there is no recovering from it]. (TA.) 10 إِسْتَجْبَرَ see 1, latter part.

A2: استجبرهُ (tropical:) He exerted himself much, or exceedingly, or to the utmost, in paying frequent attention to him, taking care of him, or putting his affairs into a right, or proper, state. (A.) جَبْرٌ, in computation, (assumed tropical:) The addition of something for the purpose of reparation. (TA.) [Hence, الجَبْرُ (assumed tropical:) Algebra; more commonly called الجَبْرُ وَالمُقَابَلَةُ perfective addition and compensative subtraction; or restoration and compensation; because of the frequency of these operations in the reduction of equations.]

A2: The contr. of قَدَرٌ: (S, Msb, K:) it is the assertion that God compels his servants, or mankind, to commit acts of disobedience; (Msb;) the virtual denial that actions proceed from man, and attributing them to God; the sect that hold the tenet thus termed asserting that man, with respect to his actions, is like the feather suspended in the air; whereas قَدَرٌ signifies the “ virtual attributing of optional, or voluntary, actions to man; asserting that man creates his own optional, or voluntary, actions: ” (IbrD:) A 'Obeyd says that it is a post-classical term. (S.) A3: A king; (AA, T, M, K;) of uncertain derivation: (M:) and a slave, or servant: (A 'Obeyd, Kr, K, &c.:) thus bearing two contr. significations: (K:) and a man: (AA, A 'Obeyd, K, &c.:) [see جَبْرَئِيلُ:] and a young man: and [a] courageous [man]. (K.) A4: [Also, app., Aloes-wood: الجَبْرُ is explained in the K as signifying العُودُ, which means wood in general, as well as aloes-wood in particular; and to this is added in the TA, الذى يُجْبَرُ بِهِ, as though the meaning were the wood with which one sets bones; but I think that يُجْبَرُ is a mistranscription for يُجَمَّرُ; and that the meaning is aloes-wood with which one fumigates.]

جَبَرِىٌّ or جَبْرِىٌّ: see جَبَرِيَّةٌ.

جَبَرُوَّةٌ and جَبْرُوَّةٌ and جَبَرُوتٌ &c.: see what next follows.

جَبَرِيَّةٌ (S, K) and جَبْرِيَّةٌ and جِبْرِيَّةٌ and جِبِرِيَّةٌ and ↓ جِبْرِيَآءُ (K) and ↓ جَبَرِيَّآءُ (Aboo-Nasr, TA) and ↓ جَبَرُوَّةٌ (S, K) and ↓ جَبْرُوَّةٌ (K) and ↓ جَبَرُوتٌ (S, Msb, K, one of the forms most known, of the measure فَعَلُوتٌ, like مَلَكُوتٌ and رَهَبُوتٌ and رَغَبُوتٌ and رَحَمُوتٌ, said to be the only other words of this measure, though, as MF says, this requires consideration, TA) and ↓ جُبْرُوتٌ (K) and ↓ جَبْرَؤُوتٌ (Et-Tedmuree, TA) and ↓ جَبَرُوتَى (K, like رَحَمُوتَى, [&c.], TA) and ↓ جَبُّورَةٌ (S, K) and ↓ جَبُّورٌ (Lh, Kr) and ↓ جُبُّورٌ (Lh, TA) and ↓ جُبُورَةٌ and ↓ تَجْبَارٌ, (K,) all inf. ns., (TA,) [or simple substs.,] meaning The quality denoted by the epithet جَبَّارٌ; (K;) i. e. self-magnification, pride, haughtiness, or insolence; or proud, haughty, or insolent, behaviour; (S, Msb, K;) &c. (K, TA.) Hence, مَا كَانَتْ نُبُوَّةٌ إِلَّا تَنَاسَخَهَا مُلْكٌ جَبَرِيَّةً [There has been no prophetic office but a kingly office has succeeded in its place through some one's selfmagnification, pride, haughtiness, or insolence]; i. e., but kings have magnified themselves, or behaved proudly or haughtily or insolently, after it. (A, TA.) A2: الجَبَرِيَّةُ (S, K) and الجَبْرِيَّةُ, (Th, Msb,) or the latter is a mispronunciation, or is the correct form, (K,) and the former is so pronounced in order to assimilate it to القَدَرِيَّةُ; (Msb, K; *) the latter is the pronunciation of the scholastic theologians of the persuasion of EshSháfi'ee (El-Háfidh in the “ Tabseer,” B) in old times, but the term used in the conventional language of the modern scholastic theologians is ↓ المُجْبَرَةُ; (B;) and الجبريّة, also, is a postclassical term; (TA;) The contr. of القَدَرِيَّةُ; (S, K;) the sect who hold the tenet termed جَبْرٌ [q. v.]; (Msb;) a sect of those who follow their own natural desires, whose founder was El-Hoseyn Ibn-Mohammad En-Nejjár El-Basree, who assert that man has no power; that [what are termed] voluntary motions are of the same predicament as a tremour; though this does not oblige them to deny the imposition of duties; (Lb, TA;) a sect who assert that God compels his servants, or mankind, to commit sins: (AHeyth, TA:) n. un. ↓ جَبَرِىٌّ or جَبْرِىٌّ. (Msb.) جَبْرَالُ and جِبْرَالُ: see جَبْرَئِيلُ.

جُبْرَانٌ: see 1.

جِبْرِيلُ and جَبْرِيلُ &c: see جَبْرَئِيلُ.

جِبْرِينُ and جَبْرِينُ: see جَبْرَئِيلُ.

جِبْرِيَآءُ and جَبَرِيَّآءُ: see جَبَرِيَّةٌ.

جَبْرَئِيلُ, (S, Msb, K, &c.,) imperfectly decl., because having the quality of a proper name and that of a foreign word, or being a compound regarded as forming a single word, as some say, (TA,) originally Syriac, or Hebrew, [?,] (Esh-Shiháb [El-Khafájee],) A proper name of an angel; (TA;) [Gabriel: and also, of a man:] signifying the servant of God: (A 'Obeyd, S, Msb, K, TA:) or (rather, TA) the man of God: (A 'Obeyd, TA:) being said to be composed of جَبْرٌ, (S, Msb, TA,) signifying “ servant,” or “ slave,” (Msb, TA,) or rather “ man,” (TA,) and إِيلٌ, (S, Msb, TA,) signifying “ God: ” (Msb, TA:) or both together signify the servant of the Compassionate: or the servant of the Mighty, or Glorious: (TA:) this form of the word is of the dialects of Keys and Temeem: (TA:) and there are other dial. vars.; namely, ↓ جَبْرَيِيلُ, without ء , and ↓ جَبْرَائِيلُ , (S, K,) and ↓ جَبْرَايِيلُ , and ↓ جَبْرَئِلُ , and ↓ جَبْرَائِيلُ , (K,) and ↓ جَبْرَايِيلُ , (Es-Suyootee, TA,) and ↓ جَبْرَائِلُ , (K,) and ↓ جَبْرَايِلُ , (Es-Suyootee, TA,) and ↓ جِبْرِيلُ, (S, Msb, K, which is the form most known and most chaste, and is of the dial. of El-Hijáz, TA,) and ↓ جَبْرِيلُ, (Msb, K, reckoned of weak authority by Fr, because the measure فَعِّيل [or فَعْلِيل] does not exist in the language, for as to سَمْوِيل, mentioned by Esh-Shiháb as against the objection of Fr, it is of the measure فَعْوِيل, MF, TA,) and ↓ جَبْرَيْلُ, and ↓ جَبْرَالُ, and ↓ جِبْرَالُ, (K,) and ↓ جِبْرِينُ, and ↓ جَبْرِينُ, (S, K,) and ↓ جَبْرَائِينُ. (Es-Suyootee, MF.) جَبْرَيِيلُ: see جَبْرَئِيلُ.

جَبْرَائِلُ and جَبْرَايِلُ: see جَبْرَئِيلُ.

جَبْرَائِيلُ and جَبْرَايِيلُ: see جَبْرَئِيلُ.

جَبْرَائِينَ: see جَبْرَئِيلُ.

جُبَارٌ A thing of which no account, or for which no revenge or retaliation or mulct, is taken. (S, A, Msb, K, TA.) You say, ذَهَبَ دَمَهُ جُبَارًا His blood went unrevenged, unretaliated, or unexpiated by a mulct. (S, A.) And جُرْحٌ جُبَارٌ A wound for which is no retaliation, nor any expiatory mulct. (A, TA.) And حَرْبٌ جُبَارٌ A war in which is no retaliation, (K, TA,) nor any expiatory mulct. (TA.) And المَعْدِنُ جُبَارٌ [The mine is a thing for which no mulct is exacted]: i. e., if the mine fall in upon him who is working in it, and he perish, his hirer is not to be punished for it. (S and Msb from a trad.) And البِئْرُ جُبَارٌ [The well is a thing for which no mulct is exacted]: i. e., if a man fall into an ancient well, and perish, his blood is not to be expiated by a mulct: (TA:) or, as some say, it relates to a hired man's descending into a well to cleanse it, or to take forth something from it, if he fall into it and die. (TA in art. بأر.) And جُرحُ العَجُمَآءِ جُبَارٌ The wound of the speechless beast, if it get loose and wound a man or other thing while loose, is a thing for which no retaliation or expiatory mulct is exacted. (T, A, * Msb. *) b2: Clear, or quit, of a thing: so in the saying, أَنَا مِنْهُ خَلَاوَةٌ وُجُبَارٌ [I am clear, or quit, of it]. (K. [See also فَالِجٌ.]) A2: A torrent. (K.) b2: Anything that corrupts, or mars, and destroys; (so accord. to some copies of the K, and the TA;) as the torrent, &c.: (TA:) or anything that is corrupted, or marred, and destroyed. (So accord. to other copies of the K.) A3: Tuesday; (S, K;) an ancient name thereof, (S,) used in the Time of Ignorance; (TA;) as also ↓ جِبَارٌ. (K.) جِبَارٌ: see what next precedes.

جِبَارَةٌ and ↓ جَبِيرَةٌ Splints; pieces of wood with which bones are set, or reduced from a fractured state: (S, K:) or bones which are put upon a diseased part of the person, to reduce it to a sound state: pl. جَبَائِرُ. (Msb.) b2: Also, both words, A wide bracelet; syn. يَارَقٌ: (S, K:) a bracelet (سِوَار) of gold or silver: pl. جَبَائِرَةٌ [or جَبَائِرُ, as above?]. (A 'Obeyd, TA.) جُبُورَةٌ: see جَبَرِيَّةٌ.

جَبِيرَةٌ: see جِبَارَةٌ.

جَبَّارٌ One who magnifies himself, or behaves proudly or haughtily or insolently, and does not hold any one to have any claim upon him, or to deserve anything of him: (K:) one who slays when in anger: (S, A:) one who slays unjustly: (K:) imperious, or domineering, by absolute force and power; overbearing; tyrannical; a tyrant: (TA:) any one who exalts himself, or is insolent and audacious, in pride and in acts of rebellion or disobedience; who is bold, or audacious, and immoderate, inordinate, or exorbitant; or excessively, immoderately, or inordinately, proud, or corrupt, or unbelieving, or disobedient, or rebel-lious; or who exalts himself and is inordinate in infidelity; or who is extravagant in acts of disobedience and in wrongdoing; or who is refractory, or averse from obedience; (K, * TA;) as also ↓ جِبِّيرٌ: (K:) or this latter signifies one who magnifies himself much, or behaves very proudly or haughtily or insolently: (S:) and the former, one who proudly, haughtily, or insolently, disdains the service of God: (Lh, TA:) fem. with ة: pl. masc. جَبَّارُونَ and جَبَابِرَةٌ. (A, TA.) b2: الجَبَّارٌ [A name of] God; so called because of his magnifying Himself [above every other being], (K,) and his highness: (TA:) meaning the Compeller of his creatures to do whatsoever He willeth: (Bd and Jel in lix. 23:) or the Compeller of his creatures to obey the commands and prohibitions which He pleaseth to impose upon them: (Msb, TA:) accord. to Fr, from أَجْبَرَ, and the only instance known to him of an epithet of the measure فَعَّالٌ from a verb of the measure أَفْعَلَ except دَرَّاكٌ [q. v.] from أَدْرَكَ: (Az, TA:) or, accord. to Fr, from جَبَرَ as syn. with أَجْبَرَ: (Msb:) it is also explained as meaning the Supreme; the High above his creatures: (Az, TA:) or the Unattainable; and hence applied to the palm-tree [of which the branches cannot be reached by the hand]: (IAmb, TA:) or it may signify (tropical:) the Restorer of the poor to wealth or competence or sufficiency. (Az, TA.) [God is also called] جَبَّارُ القُلُوبِ عَلَى فِطَرَاتِهَا (assumed tropical:) The Establisher of hearts according to their natural constitutions which He hath given them in the mothers' wombs, disposing them to know Him and to confess Him, both the unfortunate of them and the fortunate. (TA from a trad. of 'Alee.) b3: Also (tropical:) A name of الجَوْزَآءُ [the constel-lation Orion]; (A, K;) because it is [represented] in the form of a crowned king upon a throne. (A.) b4: ذِرَاعُ الجَبَّارِ (assumed tropical:) The cubit of the king: (A, TA:) or the long cubit: or, as KT thinks, by الجبّار is here meant a certain foreign king whose fore arm was of full length. (TA.) b5: قَلْبٌ جَبَّارٌ (tropical:) A heart that receives not admonition: (A:) or that admits not compassion. (K.) b6: جَبَّارٌ, (Seer, K,) without ة, (Seer, TA,) applied to a palm-tree (نَخْلَةٌ), signifies (tropical:) Tall and young; (Seer, K, TA;) as also ↓ جُبَّارٌ: (K:) or is applied to palmtrees collectively (نَخْلٌ), and signifies tall, and above the reach of the hand; (T, S;) and the epithet applied to a single palm-tree is with ة; (S, A;) in this sense; meaning less than سَحُوقٌ: (A:) or, with ة, it signifies a young palm-tree, that has attained its utmost height and has borne fruit: (M:) or that has been ascended [for the purpose of cutting off its fruit], and retains its excellence, surpassing therein other palm-trees. (AHn, TA.) b7: Also, hence, as Az thinks, (TA,) (tropical:) Huge, tall, and strong; a giant. (T, A, * K.) b8: And, with ة, (S, A,) and also without ة, (A,) applied to a she-camel, (tropical:) Great (S, A) and fat. (S.) جُبَّارٌ: see جَبَّارٌ.

جَبُّورٌ and جُبُّورٌ: see جَبَرِيَّةٌ.

جِبِّيرٌ: see جَبَّارٌ.

جَبُّورَةٌ: see جَبَرِيَّةٌ.

جَابِرٌ, (S,) and جَابِرُ بْنُ حَبَّةَ, (S, A, K,) names of (tropical:) Bread; (S, A, K;) and أَبُو جَابِرٍ is a surname thereof; (S, K;) and so أُمُّ جَابِرٍ: which last also signifies the ear of corn: (T in art. ام:) and i. q. الهَرِيسَةُ [grain, or wheat, bruised, or brayed, and then cooked]. (Har p. 227.) b2: فُلَانٌ جَابِرٌ لِى i. q. ↓ مُسْتَجْبِرٌ (tropical:) [Such a one exerts himself much, or exceedingly, or to the utmost, in paying frequent attention to me, taking care of me, or putting my affairs into a right, or proper, state]. (A.) b3: See also 1.

تَجْبَارٌ: see جَبَرِيَّةٌ.

مَجْبَرٌ [an inf. n. of 1]: see 8.

المُجْبَرَةُ: see جَبَرِيَّةٌ.

مُجَبِّرٌ One who sets bones, or reduces them from a fractured state; a bone-setter. (S, A, K.) مَجْبُورَةٌ A woman possessed by a jinnee, or genie; syn. مَجْنُونَةٌ; but this is held to be of weak authority. (Mgh.) المُتَجَبِّرُ The lion. (K.) مُسْتَجْبِرٌ: see جَابِرٌ.

قرن

1 قَرَنَ شَيْئًا بِشَىْءٍ He connected, coupled, or conjoined, a thing with a thing. (S.) 3 قَارَنَهُ

, (S,) inf. n. قِرَانٌ, (S, K,) and مُقَارَنَةٌ, (K,) He associated with him; became his companion. (S, K.) 4 أَقْرَنَ He gave of a thing two by two. (A 'Obeyd in T, in art. بد, voce أَبَدَّ.) See أَبَدَّ. b2: أَقْرَنَ الشَّىْءَ, (Msb,) or لِلشَّىْءِ, (K,) [the latter more probably right,] He was able and strong to do, or effect, &c., the thing; (Msb, K;) He had the requisite ability and strength for it.

قِرْنٌ One who opposes, or contends with, another, in science, or in fight, &c.; (Msb;) an opponent; a competitor; an adversary; an antagonist: or one's equal, or match, in courage, (S, K,) or generally, one's equal, match, or fellow. (K.) قَرْنٌ One's equal in age; syn. لِدَةٌ, (K,) or تِرْبٌ: with fet-h when relating to age, and with kesr when relating to fighting and the like. (Har, pp. 572,64.) b2: قَرْنٌ, (JK, Msb,) or قَرْنٌ مِنَ النَّاسِ, (S,) [A generation of men;] people of one time (JK, * S, Ez-Zejjájee, Msb,) succeeding another قَرْن, (JK,) among whom is a prophet, or class of learned men, whether its years be many or few. (Ez-Zejjájee, Msb.) b3: قَرْنٌ The part of the head of a human being which in an animal is the place whence the horn grows: (K:) or the side, (S,) or upper side, (K,) of the head: (S, K:) or [more exactly the temporal ridge (see صُدْغٌ) i. e.] the edge of the هَامَة (which is the middle and main part of the head [i. e. of the cranium]), on the right and on the left. (Zj, in his “ Khalk el-Insán. ”) b4: قُرُونٌ of the head: see a verse cited voce خَيَّطَ. قُرُونٌ of horses: see أَجَمُّ. b5: قَرْنٌ of a solid hoof: see جُبَّةٌ. b6: قَرْنٌ of a desert, the most elevated part. (TA in art. جحف.) b7: قَرْنُ أَعْفَرَ, as meaning A spear-head, see أَعْفَرُ. b8: قَرْنٌ A pod, like that of the locust tree: pl. قُرُونٌ.

Occurring often in the work of AHn on plants, and in the TA, &c. See غَافٌ. b9: قَرْنٌ [A thing] in a she-camel, which is like the عَفَل in a woman; and which is cauterized with heated stones. (AA, TA, in art. عفل.) b10: قَرْنٌ An issue of sweat: pl. قُرُونٌ: see two ex. voce سَنَّ.

قَرَنٌ and ↓ قِرَانٌ A cord of twisted bark which is bound upon the neck of each of the ploughing bulls (K, * TA) and to the middle of which is then bound the لُؤمَة [or whole apparatus of the plough]. (TA.) See فَدَّانٌ. b2: [The pl.]

أَقْرَانٌ Sons of one mother from different men. (TA, voce عَيْنٌ.) b3: قَرَنٌ: see جَعْبَةٌ.

قُرْنَةٌ The “ horn ” of the uterus.

قِرَانٌ : see قَرَنٌ.

أَبَرَمًا قَرُونًا : see بَرَمٌ.

قَرِينٌ An associate; a comrade; a companion. (S, K.) قَرِينَةٌ A connexion; relation. b2: قَرِينَةٌ [A clause of rhyming prose, considered as connected with the similar clause preceding or following; the two together being termed قرينتان]. (Har, pp. 9, 23.) b3: Also, A context, in an absolute sense. b4: ↓ أَسْمَحَتْ قَرُونَتُهُ and قَرِينَتُهُ: see 1 in art. سمح.

قَرُونَةٌ : see قرِينٌ.

أَقْرَنُ [Horned; having horns]. (S, voce كَرَّازٌ [which see]). See an ex. of the fem. قَرْنَآءُ, voce دَانَ in art. دين.

مِقْرَنٌ : see مِخْذَفٌ.

مُقَرَّنٌ : see خَشْخَاشٌ.

عدم

1 عَدِمَهُ, with kesr to the د, (S, MA, Msb, K, &c.,) aor. ـَ (S,) inf. n. عَدَمٌ, (S, MA, Msb, K,) which is anomalous [as the verb is trans.], (S,) and عُدْمٌ, (S, MA, K,) or the latter is a simple subst., (Msb,) He had it not, was destitute of it, was without it, lacked it, wanted it, found it not, or lost it; (S, * MA, Msb, * K; *) syn. فَقَدَهُ, (S, Msb, K; *) or لَمْ يَجِدْهُ; so says Ibn-El-Kemál in the Exposition of the Hidáyeh. (TA.) And عَدِمْتُ فُلَانًا [I wanted, or lost, such a one]. (TA.) And عُدِمَ, [inf. n. عَدَمٌ,] It lacked, wanted, was wanting, was not found, did not exist, or was lost; syn. فُقِدَ. (AHát, Msb.) [See also عَدَمٌ below.] b2: لَا يَعْدَمُنِى هٰذَا الأَمْرُ means مَا يَعْدُونِى [i. e. This thing, or affair, does not pass from me]. (S, K, TA. [In the CK, erroneously, ما يُعْدِمُنِى.]) A2: عَدِمَ as intrans.: see the next paragraph, last sentence.

A3: عَدُمَ, (K, TA,) inf. n. عَدَامَةٌ, (TA,) He was, or became, foolish, or stupid; (K, TA;) being destitute of intellect, or understanding. (TA.) 4 اعدمهُ is syn. with أَفْقَدَهُ [meaning He made him to lack, want, or lose, it, or him]: (AHát, Msb:) and has a second objective complement: one says, لَا أَعْدَمَنِى اللّٰهُ فَضْلَهُ [May God not make me to lack, want, or lose, his bounty]: (Msb:) or لَا أَعْدَمَنِى فَضْلَكَ May He (i. e. God) not make thy bounty to depart from me: and اعدمنى اللّٰهُ فُلَانًا [God made me to lack, want, or lose, such a one]. (TA.) b2: And He denied him, or refused him, (Az, MA, K, TA,) what he sought, (Az, TA,) or a thing. (MA.) b3: And He rendered him poor, needy, or destitute: (S, * K, * TA: [in the S, this meaning seems to be indicated by the context; but in the K, the context seems rather to indicate the first of the meanings expl. in this paragraph:]) in this sense, said of God. (S, K, TA) b4: أَعْدَمَنِى الشَّىْءُ means [app. The thing excited my want, or made me to want it; and hence, the thing was not found by me; or] I did not find the thing. (K.) b5: [and اعدمهُ signifies also He made it to have no existence; to be non-existent; or he annihilated it; or did away with it; agreeably with explanations of the inf. n. (إِعْدَامٌ) in the KL and PS &c., and with present usage.]

A2: اعدم as intrans., (Kr, S, Msb, K,) inf. n. إِعْدَامٌ and ↓ عُدْمٌ, (Kr, K, TA,) like إِيسَارٌ and يُسْرٌ as inf. ns. of أَيْسَرَ, and إِعْسَارٌ and عُسْرٌ as of أَعْسَرَ, and إِفْحَاشٌ and فُحْشٌ as of أَفْحَشَ, or rather the latter in every one of these instances is a simple subst., as ISd says, (TA,) signifies He (a man, S) was, or became, poor, needy, or destitute; (Kr, S, Msb, K;) as also ↓ عَدِمَ. (TA.) 7 انعدم in the phrase of the Muslim theologians وُجِدَ الشَّىْءُ فَانْعَدَمَ [meaning The thing existed, and became non-existent,] is a barbarism. (K, * TA.) عُدْمٌ: see the next paragraph.

عَدَمٌ and ↓ عُدْمٌ are inf. ns. of the trans. verb عَدِمَ, (S, M, K,) or the latter is a simple subst., (Msb,) and each signifies, as also ↓ عُدُمٌ, Lack, or want, as meaning non-possession; or loss; [of a thing, and of a quality, or faculty, &c.;] and by predominance of application, lack, &c., of property or wealth; (K, TA;) and departure thereof; and paucity thereof; (TA;) or poverty, neediness, or destitution. (S in explanation of the first and second; respecting the latter of which, see 4, last sentence.) [Also Non-performance of an act; and non-observance of a duty &c. and Lack, or want, as meaning non-existence; and absence; or the state of being lost.]

عَدِمٌ: see عَدِيمٌ.

عُدُمٌ: see عَدَمٌ.

أَرْضٌ عَدْمَآءُ Land such as is termed بَيْضَآءُ; (K, TA;) i. e., without, as though [meaning] lacking, plants, or herbage. (TA.) b2: And شَاةٌ عَدْمَآءُ A sheep, or goat, of which the head is white and the rest differing therefrom. (K.) عَدَامٌ: see عَدَائِمُ.

عَدِيمٌ Not having, being without, lacking, wanting, not finding, or having lost: one says, هُوَ عَدِيمُ النَّظِيرِ He is one not having, without, lacking, &c., the likes [or like]; and عَدِيمُ المَعْرُوفِ [destitute of goodness, gentleness, beneficence, &c.]: and هِىَ عَدِيمَةُ المَعْرُوفِ [She is destitute of goodness, &c.]. (TA.) b2: And Poor, needy, or destitute; (S, Msb, K;) as also ↓ عَدِمٌ, (K,) and ↓ مُعْدِمٌ, (S,) and ↓ مَعْدُومٌ, (Msb, TA,) which last occurs in a trad. as meaning the poor who has become, by reason of the pressure of his want, as though himself were not existing, or lost: عَدِيمٌ signifies having no property; as also ↓ مُعْدِمٌ: and having nothing: it is of the measure فَعِيلٌ in the sense of the measure فَاعِلٌ: and its pl. is عُدَمَآءُ; erroneously said in the K to be pl. of عَدِمٌ. (TA.) b3: Also Stupid; foolish; (K, TA;) destitute of intellect, or understanding. (TA.) And Insane; demented. (IAar, Az, K, * TA.) عَدَائِمُ, (K, and so in copies of the S) or ↓ عَدَامٌ, (so accord. to other copies of the S,) A sort of fresh ripe dates found in El-Medeeneh, (S, K,) that are late [in ripening], (K,) or that come the last of fresh ripe dates. (S.) مُعْدِمٌ: see عَدِيمٌ, in two places.

مَعْدُومٌ [Lacking, wanting, not found, not existing, or lost: see عُدِمَ, of which it is the part. n.]. b2: يَكْسِبُ المَعْدُومَ means He is fortunate, or possessed of good fortune; [properly,] he attains what others are denied. (K.) It is said in a trad., إِنَّكَ لَتَكْسِبُ المَعْدُومَ وَتُطْعِمُ المَأْدُومَ. (M and TA in art. ادم: expl. voce أَدِيمٌ.) b3: See also عَدِيمٌ.

فوق

1 فَاقَهُمْ, (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K,) derived from فَوْق as signifying the contr. of تَحْت, Mgh.) aor. ـُ (S, O.) inf. n. فَوْقٌ (O, K) and فَوَاقٌ (K) and فَوْقَانٌ, (CK.) He (a man, S, (??) Msb) was, or became, above them, or (??) to them, or (??) (??) them, or (??) them, (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K,) namely, his (??), (S, O, Msb, K,) (??) others (Mgh) (??), or signify, or nobility. (S, O, K;) and (??) them; (Msb, TA:) and (??) argument (??) فُقْتُ فُلَانًا I became (??) (??) as though above him in station. (TA.) And فَاقَتِ الجَارِيَةُ بِالجَمَالِ The young woman ex(??) (??)]. (Msb.) It is said in a trad., حُبِّبَ إِلَىَّ الجَمَالُ حَتَّى مَا

أُحِبُّ أَنْ يَفُوفَنِى أَحَدٌ بِشِرَاكِ نَعْلٍ [Comeliness has been made lovely to me so that I love not that any (??) should (??) in the though of a sandal] (TA.) A2: فاق, (S, O, K,) aor. ـُ (O,) inf. n. فُوَاقٌ, (S, O, K,) said of a man, (S,) means that The wind rose from his chest; (S, O, K;) [i. e. he hiccoughed, or hickuped; a signification indicated by its being said that] فُوَاقٌ means the reiterating of an overpowering [or involuntary] sobbing sound: (Msb, TA:) and ↓ فُوَاقٌ [as a subst.] signifies also the wind [itself] that rises from the chest (S, O, K) of a man. (S, O) b2: And, accord. to Az, (Msb,) فاق, (Msb, TA,) aor. ـ) (Msb,) inf. n. فُوَاقٌ (Msb, TA) and فُؤُوقٌ, (TA.) He was affected, or taken with a p(??)ting, or breathing [shortly, or] uninterruptedly. (Msb, TA.) b3: And فاق بِنَفْسِهِ, (S, * O, K,) aor. ـُ (S, O,) inf. n. فُوُوقٌ [or فُؤُوقٌ (S, O, K) and فُوَاقٌ. (K,) said of a man, (S.) His spirit was about to pass forth: (S, O, K:) or he gave up his spirit. (S, * O, * K:) as also فاق [alone] aor. ـق (IAar, O and K in art. فيق:) or he died. (K;) or ↓ فُوَاقٌ [is app. held by some to be a simple subst., and] accord. to IAar signifies death itself: (TA:) or it signifies, (S, O, Msb,) (??) signifies also, (K.) an affection [i. e. a gasping, or show catching of the breath,] incident to a man at the point of death: (S, O, Msb, K:) and one says [of the man], فاق, aor. ـُ inf. n. فوق [app. فَوَقٌ]; the verb being of the class of طَلَبَ of which the inf. n. most commonly used is طَلَبَ; or, if the saying that the verb is of the (??) of طَلَبَ be not meant to indicate the form of its inf. n. as well as that of its aor. ـو may (??) mistranscription for فُؤُوقٌ or فُؤُوقٌ] (Msb.) A3: فاقت, (O, K,) aor. ـُ inf. n. فُوَاقٌ, (TA.) She (a camel) had in her udder the فِيقَة, or milk that had collected between two milkings. (O, K, TA;) and (K) so ↓ أَفَاقَتْ (S, O, K) or the latter verb signifies she (a camel) attained to the time for the being milked: and the inf. n. is إِفَاقَةٌ and (??) inf. n.] ↓ فُوَاقٌ: (IAar, TA:) or إِفَاقَةٌ (??) (??) the she-camel means her (??) back from the pasturing, and left (??) and (??) [her milk]. (ISb, TA:) and إِفَاقَةٌ الدِّرَّةِ signifies the returning of the milk. (??) Ibn-Kethweh, TA.) [See also فُوَاقٌ, below.]

A4: فَوْقٌ signifies A bending, or [thus in the TA is from the K, but in copies of the K “ and ” a breaking. (K, TA,) in the (??) (فِى الفَوقِ) (K,) or in one of the two (??) of the (??), (TA.) of an arrow: (K, TA:) or its verb said of an arrow, is فاق, aor. ـَ inf. n. فَاقٌ and فَوْقٌ, in which the و is then made movent with fet-h. [so that the word becomes فَوقٌ,] because this verb is of the class of فَعِلَ, aor. ـْ (K, TA.) or one says of an arrow فَوِقَ, [aor. ـْ inf. n. فَوَقٌ, meaning its notch broke: (Msb;) and ↓ انفاق said of an arrow signifies thus; (S, Msb;) (??) notch became much broken. (O, K, TA;) or became split, or cracked. (TA.) b2: And فُقْتُ السّهْم, (S, O, Msb, K,) inf. n. فَوْقٌ, (Msb,) I broke the notch of the arrow. (S, O, Msb, K.) And فاق الشَّىْءَ, aor. ـُ He broke the thing. (TA.) A5: فاق in the sense of افتاق [from فَاقَةٌ] is not allowable. (S, O.) 2 فوّقهُ, inf. n. تَفْوِيقٌ, He made him, or judged him, to excel, or to have excelled. (TA.) A2: فوّق الفَصِيلَ, (S, O, K,) inf. n. as above, said of the pastor, (TA,) He gave to the young unweaned camel to drink the quantities of milk that had collected in the udder between two milkings time after time. (S, O, K, TA. [See فُوَاقٌ.]) b2: and [hence] one says, ↓ فَوَّقَنِى الأَمَانِىَّ وَأَرْضَعَنِى أَفَاوِيقَ بِرِّهِ (tropical:) [He made me to obtain on repeated occasions the things wished for, and nourished me with the recurrent supplies of his bounty]. (TA.) And it is said in a trad. of 'Alee, إِنَّ بَنِى أُمَيَّةَ لَيُفَوِّقُونَنِى

تُرَاثَ مُحَمَّدٍ, meaning (assumed tropical:) [Verily the sons of Umeiyeh] give to me by little and little of the property [constituting the heritage of Mohammad]. (TA.) b3: See also 10.

A3: فوّق السَّهْمَ, (inf. n. as above, Msb,) He made to the arrow a فُوق [i. e. notch for the bow-string]. (S, O, Msb, K.) b2: And [hence,] فوّق المَرْأَةَ (assumed tropical:) He slit the vulva of the woman. (TA in art. سوس.) b3: See also the next paragraph, last sentence.4 إِفَاقَةٌ, (O, K, TA,) some say, (O, TA,) signifies A resting; (O, K, TA;) from ↓ فُوَاقٌ signifying a resting between two milkings; (O, TA;) which latter meaning, as well as the former, the K erroneously assigns to the former word. (TA.) b2: And أَفَاقَتْ said of a she-camel, signifies the same as فَاقَتْ expl. above: see 1, latter half, (O, K, TA.) b3: And [hence, perhaps,] افاق مِنْ مَرَضِهِ, (S, O, K, TA,) and مِنْ سُكْرِهِ, (S, O,) and مِنْ غَشْيَتِهِ, (O, TA,) inf. n. إِفَاقَهُ; (TA;) and ↓ استفاق; both signify the same; (S, O, K;) i. e. He returned to a healthy, or sound, state [of body and of mind, from his disease, and from his intoxication, and from his swoon, or fit of insensibility]: (O, K, TA:) or one says of the diseased, افاق and ↓ استفاق meaning he became convalescent; or recovered, but not completely, his health and strength: and the subst. [or quasi-inf. n.] is ↓ فُوَاقٌ: (TA:) and one says of the insane, or possessed, افاق, inf. n. إِفَاقَةٌ, meaning he recovered his intel-ligence; and of the intoxicated, likewise, افاق, originally افاق مِنْ سُكْرِهِ, like as one says اِسْتَيْقَظَ مِنْ نَوْمِهِ: (Msb:) [and it is said that] ↓ الاِسْتِفَاقَةُ as syn. with الإِفَاقَةُ is derived from فَوْق meaning the contr. of تَحْت, like as تَعَلَّى مِنْ مَرَضِهِ and تَمَاثَلَ are from العُلُوُّ and المُثُولُ: (Har p. 132:) but accord. to 'Alee Ibn-'Eesà, ↓ استفاق signifies he sought, or desired, الإِفَاقَة. (Ham p. 541.) b4: And [hence,] افاق الزَّمَانُ (tropical:) The time became abundant in herbage after barrenness or drought. (O, K, TA.) A2: أَفَقْتُ السَّهْمَ, (inf. n. إِفَاقَةٌ, Msb,) I put the فُوق [or notch] of the arrow upon the bowstring, (S, O, Msb, * K,) to shoot with it; (S, O, Msb;) as also أَوْفَقْتُهُ: but أَفْوَقْتُهُ is extr., (S, O, K,) and should not be said, (S, O,) or, accord. to Yoo, one says أَفْوَقْتُهُ also: (O:) and, accord. to the A, السَّهْمَ ↓ فوّق signifies [in like manner] he put the bow-string into the notch of the arrow on the occasion of shooting. (TA.) 5 تفوّق عَلَى قَوْمِهِ He exalted himself above his people, or party. (O, * K, * TA.) A2: تفوّق said of a young unweaned camel, He drank [or sucked] the quantities of milk that had collected in the udder between two milkings time after time. (S, O, K.) b2: And تَفَوَّقَهَا He milked her, namely, a camel, drawing from her the quantities of milk that had collected in her udder time after time; (O, K;) as also ↓ استفاقها. (K. [But see this latter below.]) b3: Hence the trad. respecting Aboo-Moosà, that he was discoursing with Ma'ádh, of reciting the Kur-án, and said, أَمَّا أَنَا فَأَتَفَوَّقُهُ تَفَوُّقَ اللَّقُوحِ [As for me, I draw it forth in the manner of the drawing forth of the milk of the milch camel at the times when it has collected in her udder], meaning (tropical:) I do not recite my set portion at once, but piecemeal, in my night and my day. (S, O, TA.) b4: One says also تفوّق شَرَابَهُ i. e. (tropical:) He drank his wine, or beverage, part after part. (TA.) Sb has mentioned that يَتَجَرَّعَهُ and يَتَفَوَّقَهُ are said of that which is not a labouring to do a thing at once, but is an act after an act, performed in a leisurely manner. (O, TA.) 7 انفاق It (a thing) broke, or became broken; quasi-pass. of فَاقَ الشَّىْءَ meaning كَسَرَهُ. (TA.) b2: See also 1, near the end. b3: Said of a camel, He became lean, or emaciated: b4: and He perished, or died. (O, K.) 8 افتاق He was, or became, poor, or in want, or need: (S, O, Msb, K:) فَاقَ in this sense is not allowable. (S, O.) A2: And He died with much فُوَاق [which may here mean either hiccoughing (which often occurs at the close of a fatal fever &c.), or gasping, or short catching of the breath]. (O, K.) 10 إِسْتَفْوَقَ see 4, in four places.

A2: استفاقها: see 5.

[It signifies as there explained: or it signifies, or signifies also,] He delayed the milking her, namely, a camel, until her milk collected in her udder, or in order that it might collect; and so ↓ فوّقها, inf. n. تَفْوِيقٌ. (TA.) One says, اِسْتَفِقِ النَّاقَةَ Milk not thou the she-camel before the time. (O, * K.) b2: b3: And مَا يَسْتَفِيقُ مِنَ الشَّرَابِ He does not abstain [from drinking wine]: (O, K, TA:) or he does not drink it in the set time: or he does not appoint a time for drinking it, but drinks it always. (TA.) فَاقٌ A [large bowl such as is termed] جَفْنَة, filled with food. (Lth, T, O, K.) A2: And Cooked olive-oil. (O, K, TA.) So in the saying of Shemmákh, (O, TA, *) describing the hair of a woman, (TA,) قَامَتْ تُرِيكَ أَثِيثَ النَّبْتِ مُنْسَدِلًا مِثْلَ الأَسَاوِدِ قَدْ مُسِّحْنَ بِالقَافِ [She stood showing to thee hair abundant and luxuriant, or abundant and long, in respect of growth, let down, like the black serpents that have been anointed with cooked olive-oil]: or, as some say, meaning الأَنْفَاق, meaning fresh olive-oil [from إِنْفَاق, a Pers\. word signifying “ olive-oil ”]: or, as AA relates it, the poet said, قَدْ شُدِّخْنَ بِالفَاقِ [that have been crushed in the فاق]; and accord. to him the last word has the meaning here next following. (O, TA.) A3: And The desert; syn. صَحْرَآءُ: (O, K, TA:) so says AA: and on one occasion he says that الفاق means a certain land: (O: a meaning also mentioned in the K:) or a certain wide land. (TA.) A4: It is also expl. as signifying بَان [i. e. Oil of ben]: and also A comb: on the authority of Th: and it may have either of these meanings in the verse cited above. (TA.) A5: And accord. to the K, it signifies Tall, and incongruous in make; and so ↓ فُوقٌ and ↓ فُوقَةٌ and ↓ فِيقٌ and ↓ فُوَاقٌ and ↓ فُيَاقٌ: but these words are all correctly, in this [or a similar] sense with two káfs. (TA.) A6: Also, accord. to the K, A certain aquatic bird, long in the neck: but this, likewise, is correctly with two káfs. (TA.) فَوْق is the contr. of تَحْت; (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K;) [primarily signifying The location that is above, or over;] and is an adv. n. (Mgh, Msb, K) of place; (Mgh, Msb;) and a simple noun, indecl., [with dammeh for its termination, when the noun to which it should be prefixed is suppressed, and the meaning of this is intended to be understood, but not the word itself;] but when it is prefixed to another noun [which is either expressed or itself (and not merely its meaning) meant to be understood, and when the noun to which it should be prefixed is suppressed and neither this nor its meaning is meant to be understood,] it is declinable. (K. [For the words يَكُونُ اسْمًا وَظَرْفًا مَبْنِىٌّ, the reading of the K in the TA and CK, my MS. copy of the K (which I follow in this case) has يكون ظرفا واسما مبنيّا.]) One says, زَيْدٌ فَوْقَ السَّطْحِ [Zeyd is above, or rather upon, the house-top]. (Mgh, Msb.) And العِمَامَةُ فَوْقَ الرَّأْسِ [The turban is above, or upon, the head]. (Mgh.) And طَفَا فَوْقَ المَآءِ It floated upon the water. (S &c. in art. طفو.) Ks has mentioned the saying, أَفَوْقَ تَنَامُ أَمْ أَسْفَلَ [Dost thou, or wilt thou, sleep in the part that is above of the house &c., or in the part that is below? i. e., in the upper part, or in the lower part?] with fet-h, as suppressing the noun to which فوق is [meant to be understood as] prefixed. (TA.) Lth says that he who uses it as a صِفَة [by which (like other old writers) he means an adv. n. of place] should use the accus. case, as when one says, عَبْدُ اللّٰهِ فَوْقَ زَيْدٍ ['Abd-Allah is above Zeyd]: but if you make it simply a noun, you use the nom. case, and say, فَوْقُهُ رَأْسُهُ [His superior (meaning upper) part is his head]; for in this instance it is the head itself, and you make each to be governed in the nom. case by the other. (TA.) In the saying in the Kur [xvi. 28], فَخَرَّ عَلَيْهِمُ السَّقْفُ مِنْ فَوْقِهِمْ [and the roof fell on them from above them], the utility of the phrase من فوقهم is hardly apparent, because عليهم sometimes serves in its stead: but IJ says that من فوقهم may here have a useful office; for عَلَى is sometimes used in relation to deeds [or events] that are difficult, and deemed onerous; [for instance,] you say, قَدْ سِرْنَا عَشْرًا وَبَقِيَتْ عَلَيْنَا لَيْلَتَانِ [We have journeyed ten nights and the journeys two nights have remained as though incumbent on us]; &c.; so that if it were said فخرّ عليهم السقف without the adding من فوقهم, it might be supposed to be like the saying عَلَيْهِمْ دَارُهُمْ قَدْ خَرِبَتْ [Their abode had become in a state of ruin as a punishment upon them]; but when He [referring to God] says من فوقهم, that meaning which was supposable ceases to be so; and the meaning becomes this, that it [the roof] fell when they were beneath it. (TA.) إِذْ جَاؤُوكُمْ مِنْ فَوْقِكُمْ وَمِنْ أَسْفَلَ مِنْكُمْ [When they came to you from above you and from below you], in the Kur [xxxiii. 10], relates to Benoo-Kureydhah, who came to them from above them; and to Kureysh and Ghatafán, who came from the district of Mekkeh, from below them. (TA.) وَالَّذِينَ اتَّقُوا فَوْقَهُمْ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ, in the Kur [ii. 208], means (assumed tropical:) [But those who have been careful of their religious duties] shall be above them in station [on the day of resurrection]. (O.) And one says, [agreeably with what has been stated in the first sentence of this paragraph, أَخَذَهُ مِنْ فَوْقُ, and أَخَذَهُ مِنْ فَوْقٍ, [meaning (assumed tropical:) He overcame him, or overpowered him, and in like manner أَتَاهُ من فوق, as expl. in the Ham p. 128. i. e. قَهَرَهُ namely, his adversary; and so a hawk, his pr? or quarry. (M and K in an expl. of أَدَلَّ عَلَيْه, in art. دل.) And [in a similar manner] فَوْق is metaphorically used as denoting excess, (Mgh, Msb.) and excellence: (Msb:) thus one says, العَشَرَةُ فَوْقَ التِّسْعَةِ (Mgh, Msb) i. e. (tropical:) Ten is above nine; meaning ten exceeds nine: (Msb:) and هٰذَا فَوْقَ ذَاكَ (Mgh, Msb) i. e. (tropical:) [This is above, or superior to, that;] meaning this is more excellent than that; (Msb:) and hence, (Mgh, Msb,) in the Kur iii.

24], (S, O,) بَعُوضَةً فَمَا فَوْقَهَا i. e. (tropical:) [A gnat and] what exceeds it (Mgh, Msb) in smallness, or in largeness; (Mgh, Msb, K;) what is smaller than it, (AO, S, O,) or what is larger than it, by the latter being meant the fly [mentioned in the Kur xxii. 72] and the spider [mentioned in xxix. 40], (Fr, S, O,) and the phrase as expl. in the former sense being like the reply to him who says “ Such a one is small ” ذٰلِكَ وَفَوْقَ i. e. (assumed tropical:) And smaller than that: (AO, O:) hence also, in the Kur iii. 12], فَإِنْ كُنَّ نِسَآءً فَوْقَ اثْنَتَيْنِ (Mgh, Msb) i. e. (tropical:) [and if they are women,] exceeding two. (Msb.) فُوقٌ The part, of the arrow, which is the place of the bow-string; [i. e. the notch thereof;] (S, O, Msb, K;) as also ↓ فُوقَةٌ: (Msb, K;) the former is masc., and also, like the latter, fem. (IAmb, Msb:) and الفُوقَانِ signifies the (??) [or two cusps of the فُوق, between which is put the bow string]; (O, K;) thus these are termed by the tribe of Hudheyl; but a poet who has used the dual form is said by AO to has mead thereby a single فُوق: (O:) the pl. [of mult.] is فُوَقٌ and [of pauc.] أَفْوَاقٌ; (S, O, Msb, K;) or, accord. to ISk, these are pls. of فُوقَةٌ; (TA;) and قُفًا also is a pl., formed by transposition; [see an ex. in a verse cited voce عُرْقُوبٌ;] (K, TA;) one says فُقْوَةٌ and فُقًا [for فُوقَةٌ and فُوَقٌ]. (TA.) سَهْمٌ ذُو فُوقٍ means An arrow rendered complete by its having a فُوق: b2: and hence ذَا فُوقٍ occurring in a trad. [as meaning (assumed tropical:) A complete share; for سَهْمٌ signifies “ a share ” as well as “ an arrow ”]. (A'Obeyd, O.) And أَعْلَاهُمْ فُوقًا, meaning (tropical:) He, or they, of them, haring the largest share of religion, is a metaphorical phrase, from the فُوق of the arrow. (TA.) b3: And they say, أَقْبِلْ عَلَى فُوقِ نَبْلِكَ, [or, app., فُوَقِ نَبْلِكَ, for نَبْلٌ is a coll. n., meaning “ arrows,” or “ Arabian arrows,”] meaning (assumed tropical:) Betake thyself to thy affair, and that which concerns thee. (TA.) b4: And رَمَيْنَا فُوقًا, (O, K,) or فُوقًا وَاحِدًا, (TA,) meaning رِشْقًا [i. e. (tropical:) We shot in one direction; or we shot one bout, in one direction], (O, K, TA.) b5: [Hence, app.,] one says, كان فُلَانٌ لِأَوَّلِ فُوقِ, meaning (tropical:) Such a one (??) [for the first discharge from the bow, i. e.,] the first shot and dying. (A, TA.) b6: And [hence, perhaps.] فُوقٌ signifies also (tropical:) A mode, or manner, of speech: (A, O, K:) pl. فُوَقٌ. (TA) One says to a man when he enters upon a mode, or manner, of speech, خَذْ فِى فُوقِ أَحْسَنَ مِنْهُ (tropical:) [Enter upon a mode, or manner, of speech better than it]. (A, TA.) b7: And (tropical:) The first way (AA, O K, TA.) b8: Hence. app., [they say, (??) (tropical:) Return(??) (??) (??) (??) (??) meaning (assumed tropical:) [What is the case of my wife that she is choked by her spittle (??) Then, or afterward,] may it (her spittle) not return to its channel [i. e. her throat, the way whence it came (??) that she may be suffocated). (O.) b9: And one says (O, K) or a man when be l(??) gone away, (O,) مَا ارْتَدَّ عَلَى فُوقِهِ, meaning (assumed tropical:) He went away and he did not return [ to the place whence he departed] (O, K) b10: فُوقٌ also signifies, (O, K.) accord. to Ibn-'Abbád, (O, TA.) (assumed tropical:) The (??) of a woman: (O, K. TA) (??) As says that this is with ق [in the place of the ف]: (TA:) [it is, however, also said that] فُوقُ الرَّحِمِ signifies (tropical:) the rima of the vulva, by way of comparison [to the notch of the arrow]. (TA, in the supplement to this art.) b11: [And app(??) the ear see 1 (??) art حرم, when it is ment(??) in such (??) manner as seems to pre(??) its being a mistranscription for قَوف] b12: and (??) (مَفْرَج, O. TA, (??) the (??) مَخْرَج, TA, (??) (??) (??) say, O) the extremity of the tongue. (O, K, TA.) b13: And (assumed tropical:) The uppermost part of the penis, (En-Nadr, O, K, TA,) or of the glans thereof. (TA.) A2: And, accord. to the K, A certain bird; mean ing a certain aquatic bird: but this is correctly [قُوقٌ,] with two káfs. (TA.) b2: See also فَاقٌ, last sentence but one.

فِيقٌ [originally فِوْقٌ]: see فِيقَةٌ.

A2: Also, as mentioned in this art and in art. فيق, in the K: see فَاقٌ, last sentence but one.

فَيَقٌ and فِيَقٌ: see مُفِيقٌ.

فَاقَةٌ Poverty, (S, O, K,) want, or need. (S, O, Msb, K.) One says, هُوَ ذُو فَاقَةٍ He is one who is in [poverty or] want or need. (Msb.) (See 8.] It has no (unaugmented] verb. (TA.) فُوقَةٌ: see فُوقٌ, first sentence.

A2: And see also فَاقٌ, last sentence but one.

فَوَقَةٌ: see فَائِقٌ [of which, as a part. n., it is a pl.].

فَيْقَةٌ: see what next follows.

فِيقَةٌ, (S, O, &c.,) originally فِوْقَةٌ, (TA,) the و having become ى because of the kesreh before it, (S, O, TA,) The milk that collects (S, O, K) (??) the udder (K) between two milkings: (S, O, K:) and سراج [or this is a mistake for اِبْن السَّرَّاج] has mentioned النَّاقَةِ ↓ فَيْقَةٌ, with fet-h: but ISd says, “ I know not how that is: ” (TA:) pl. ↓ فِيقٌ (S, O, K.) [or rather this is a coll. gen. n. and فَاقَةٌ is its n. un.,] and فِيقٌ (IB. K) and فيقَاتٌ (K.) and أَفْوَاقٌ, [a pl. of pauc.,] (S, O, K.) or (??) be pl. of the pl. فِيَقٌ. (IB. TA.) and أَفَاوِيقَ, (S. O, K,) which is a pi pl. (O, K) [or pl of أَفْوَاقٌ]. [See also عُرَاكَةٌ.] b2: See also above, (??)]. 2, an ex. of أَفَاوِيق in a tropical sense. b3: أَفَاوِيقُ also signifies (tropical:) The water that has collected in the clouds and then falls in rain. (S, O, K, TA ?

time after time. (S, K. TA.) b4: Also, i. e. أَفَاوِيقُ, (tropical:) The greater part of the night: (Lh, O, K, TA) so in the saying, خَرَجنَا بَعْدَ أَفَاوِيقَ مِنَ اللَّيْلِ (??) went forth] after the greater part of the night had passed: (Lh, (??):) or, accord. to Th, after pertions (أَقْطَاع) of the night. (TA.) b5: فِيقَةُ الصُّحَى means (tropical:) The period of the [early portion of the forenoon called the] ضحى when the sun has become high: (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K, TA:) or, accord. to Z, the first part of the ضحى. (TA.) فَوْقَانِىٌّ [Of, or relating to, the location that is above, or over; superior; upper;] rel. n. of فَوْق, like as تَحْتَانِىٌّ is of تَحْت: ا and ن being very often added in the rel. n. (TA. in art. تحت.) b2: And [hence, but more commonly فَوْقَانِيَّةٌ,] A gar ment worn by a man over that which (??) the body; [an upper-coat; generally long, reaching to the heels, ample in width, and with long sleeves: it seems to have been formerly peculiar to men of the learned professions:] of the dia(??) Mekkeh: posts-classical. TA [See Dezy's Dict. des Noms des Vétements (??)hea les Aral(??) p. 343].

فَوَاقٌ The returning supply of milk after sucking or milking. (TA.) b2: See also the next paragraph, in three places.

فُوَاقٌ: see 1, former half, in two places: A2: and see 1 again, latter half: b2: and 4, in two places. b3: Also (tropical:) The time between two milkings; (S, O, Msb, K;) for the she-camel was milked, and then left a little while for her young one to suck her in order that she might yield her milk copiously, after which she was milked again; (S, O;) and likewise the time between two suckings; (Ksh in xxxviii. 14;) and ↓ فَوَاقٌ signifies the same; (S, O, Msb, K:) or, (Msb, TA,) accord. to IF, (Msb,) the فواق of the she-camel is the retuning of the milk into the udder after the milking: (Msb, TA:) or فُوَاقٌ signifies the time between the opening of one's hand and the grasping with it the udder (K, TA) of the camel: or when the milker grasps the udder and then lets it go, in milking: (TA:) the pl. is أَفْوِقَةٌ and آفِقَةٌ; (O, K;) and Fr says that فواق has for its pl. أَفِيقَةٌ, originally أَفْوِقَةٌ, the kesreh of the و being transferred to the ف, and the و being then changed into ى because of the kesreh before it; and أَفْوِقَةٌ has for its pl. أَفْوِقَاتٌ. (TA.) One says, مَا أَقَامَ عِنْدَهُ إِلَّا فُوَاقًا (tropical:) [He did not remain at his abode save as long as the time between two milkings]. (S, O, TA.) And it is said in a trad., العِيَادَةُ قَدْرُ فُوَاقِ النَّاقَةِ (assumed tropical:) [The period of the visiting of a sick person is the space of time between the two milkings of the she-camel]. (S.) And in a trad. of 'Alee occurs the saying, قَالَ لَهُ الأَسِيرُ أَنْظِرْنِى فُوَاقَ نَاقَةٍ i. e. (assumed tropical:) [The captive said to him,] Grant thou me a delay, or respite, as long as the time between two milkings [of a she-camel]. (TA.) مَا لَهَا مِنْ

↓ فَوَاقٍ and فُوَاقٍ in the Kur [xxxviii. 14], accord. to different readings, (S,) the latter the reading of the Koofees except 'Ásim, and the former that of the rest, (O,) means (assumed tropical:) [There shall not appertain to it] any postponement, or delay, and resting: (S:) or, accord. to AO, the latter is the meaning of the former reading; and the latter reading means, any waiting, or expecting: (TA:) or [both mean] any pausing as much as the time between two milkings, (Ksh, Bd,) or two suckings: (Ksh:) or any returning, and repeating; (I'Ab, Ksh, Bd;) from أَفَاقَ “ he (a sick man) returned to a healthy, or sound, state ”; and the فواق of the she-camel, when the supply of milk returns to her udder; (Ksh;) or because in it [i. e. the فواق] the milk returns to the udder; (Bd;) i. e. the blast [to which the words refer] shall be one only; it shall not be repeated. (Ksh.) The saying (Mgh, O, TA) of the Prophet, (O,) related in a trad., (O, TA,) قَسَمَ غَنَائِمَ خَيْبَرَ عَنْ فُوَاقٍ, (Mgh,) or قَسَمَ

↓ الغَنَائِمَ يَوْمَ بَدْرٍ عَنْ فَوَاقٍ (O, TA) and فُوَاقٍ, (TA,) means (assumed tropical:) He divided the spoils [of Kheyber, or on the day of Bedr,] in the space of the rest between two milkings of a she-camel: (TA:) or quickly; (Mgh, O;) عن فواق meaning صَادِرًا عَنْ سُرْعَةٍ [i. e. قَسْمًا صَادِرًا عَنْ سُرْعَةٍ with a dividing proceeding from quickness]: (Mgh, O: *) or, as some say, the meaning is, making some of them [i. e. of those who composed his army] to be more highly distinguished (↓ أَفْوَق) than others (O, TA *) in the proportion of their spoils and of the trial undergone by them. (TA.) A3: See also فَاقٌ, last sentence but one.

فُيَاقٌ, mentioned in this art. in the K: see فَاقٌ, last sentence but one.

فَائِقٌ Superior, excellent, or surpassing: (Mgh, Msb: *) anything excellent, or choice, (O, K, TA,) and pure, in its kind. (TA.) You say, هُوَ فَائِقٌ فِى العِلْمِ [He is superior, excellent, or surpassing, in knowledge], and فِى الفِنَى [in wealth, &c.]. (Mgh.) And جَارِيَةٌ فَائِقَةٌ [A young woman excelling in beauty, or comeliness]. (Msb.) and فَوَقَةٌ [an irreg. pl. of فَائِقٌ, like as خَوَنَةٌ is of خَائِنٌ, for by rule these pls. should be فَاقَةٌ and خَانَةٌ,] signifies Elegant scholars, and orators. (IAar, O, K.) A2: Also The place of junction of the neck with the head: (S, O, K:) therefore when this is high, the neck is long. (S, O.) أَفْوَقُ: see فُوَاقٌ, last sentence but one.

A2: Also An arrow of which the فُوق [or notch] is broken: (S, O, Msb, K, TA:) [and] an arrow having no فُوق: (L voce أَقَذُّ:) pl. فُوَقٌ [perhaps a mistranscription for the regular form of pl., i. e. فُوْقٌ; or it may be that the و is with fet-h to distinguish it from فُوقٌ signifying “ a notch ” of an arrow]: but IAar explains this as signifying arrows of which the heads have fallen. (TA.) One says, رَجَعَ فُلَانٌ بِأَفْوَقَ نَاصَلٍ (assumed tropical:) Such a one returned with an arrow having a broken notch and without a head upon it; meaning, with an incomplete share of good fortune: (S, O:) or, disappointed of attaining what he desired, or sought: a proverb. (TA.) And رَدَدْتُهُ بِأَفْوَقَ نَاصِلٍ (assumed tropical:) [I turned him back, or away, with a paltry benefit; or] I made his share of good fortune to be little, or incomplete. (TA.) And مَا بَلِلْتُ مِنْ فُلَانٍ بِأَفْوَقَ نَاصِلٍ, expl. in the first paragraph of art. بل. b2: مَحَالَةٌ فَوْقَآءُ [A large sheave of a pulley] of which every سِنّ [or tooth, perhaps meaning cog, though I do not remember to have met with any description of a cogged محالة,] has two cusps (فُوقَانِ), (O, K,) like the فوقان [of the notch] of the arrow. (O.) [The strangeness of this explanation induces me to think that فَوْقَآءُ is here a mistranscription for فَوْهَآءُ, (see مَحَالَةٌ فَوْهَآءُ, in art. فوه,) and that the explanation is partly conjectural.] b3: And كَمَرَةٌ فَوْقَآءُ A glans of a penis whereof the extremity is tapering in form, (O, K,) like that which is termed حَوْقَآءُ. (O.) مُفِيقٌ and مُفِيقَةٌ A she-camel having in her udder the milk that had collected between two milkings: (AA, S, O, K:) pl. مَفَاوِيقُ (S, O, K) and مَفَاوِقُ, (Akh, TA,) and ↓ فُيُقٌ also is pl. of مُفِيقٌ signifying as expl. above, mentioned by AA in the third vol. of his “ Nawádir,” and said by IB to be, accord. to analogy, pl. of فُوُوقٌ, and to be originally فُوُقٌ; but accord. to one relation of a verse in which it occurs, it is ↓ فِيَق, which is more agreeable with analogy. (TA.) A2: And the former, applied to a poet, is syn. with مُفْلِقٌ [i. e. One who poetizes admirably, or wonderfully.]. (Aboo-Turáb, K. [But its verb is mentioned in the O and K in art. فيق.]) مُفَوَّقٌ (tropical:) Food, and beverage, that is taken by little and little. (IAar, O, K, TA. [See its verb.]) A2: Applied to an arrow, [Having a notch made for the bow-string. (See 2.) b2: And] Having the bow-string put into its notch on the occasion of shooting: [see 4, last sentence:] b3: whence the saying, لَا زِلْتَ الخَيْرِ مُوَفَّقًا وَسَهْمُكَ فِى الكَرَمِ مُفَوَّقًا (assumed tropical:) [Mayest thou not cease to be rightly disposed in beneficence, and thine arrow made ready with the bow-string put into its notch in generosity]. (A, TA.) مُسْتَفِيقٌ A man who sleeps much: (O, K, TA:) mentioned by IAar; but this is strange.

ضيع

1 ضَاعَ, aor. ـِ inf. n. ضَيَاعٌ and ضَيْعَةٌ (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K) and ضَيْعٌ and ضِيعٌ, (K,) It (a thing, S, Mgh, O, Msb) perished, came to nought, passed away, or became lost. (S, O, Msb, K.) It is said in a trad. of Saad, إِنِّى أَخَافُ عَلَى

الأَعْنَابِ الضَّيْعُةَ i. e. [Verily I fear, for the grapes,] their [lit. the] perishing, or becoming lost. (TA.) b2: And ضاع, (K, TA,) inf. n. ضَيَاعٌ and ضَيْعَةٌ, (TA,) It (a thing) was left; left, or let, alone; or neglected. (K, TA.) Hence, ضاعت الإِبِلُ, and ضاع العِيَالُ, The camels, and the family, or household, were left untended, and unminded; and were left alone, or neglected. (TA.) A2: ضاع, aor. ـِ said of perfume, or sweet odour, i. q. ضاع having for its aor. ـُ (Har p. 670.) [See 5 in art. ضوع: and see also 5 in the present art.]2 ضيّع الشَّىْءَ, (O, Msb, K,) inf. n. تَضْيِيعٌ; (S;) and ↓ اضاعهُ, (O, Msb, K,) inf. n. إِضَاعَةٌ; (S;) both signify the same; (S, O, Msb, K;) He made, or caused, the thing to perish, or become lost; he destroyed it, wasted it, or lost it. (Msb, K, TA.) Hence, ضَيَّعُوا فُلَانًا is used by the vulgar as meaning They beheaded such a one with the sword. (TA.) It is said in a prov., الصَّيْفَ ضَيَّعْتِ اللَّبَنَ [In the spring, or in the summer, thou losedst the milk], in which the ت is with kesr when the words are addressed to a male, or to a female, or to a pl. number, because originally addressed to a woman, the wife of a wealthy man, whom she disliked because of his being aged, wherefore he divorced her, and a poor man married her, and she sent to her first husband requesting a gift, and he answered her thus; (S, O, K; *) الصيف being in the accus. case as an adv. n.: so says Yaakoob: (S, O:) or El-Aswad Ibn-Hurmuz divorced his wife El-' Anood Esh-Shenneeyeh, (O, K,) of the BenooShenn, (TA,) preferring to her a beautiful and wealthy woman of his people; (O, K; *) then there occurred between them what led to their separation, and he sought to obtain [again] El-' Anood, and sent a message to her; but in replying to him she said, أَنْشَأْتَ تَطْلُبُ وَصْلَنَا فِى الصَّيْفِ ضَيَّعْتَ اللَّبَنْ [Thou hast begun to seek our union: in the spring, or in the summer, thou losedst the milk]: (O, * K:) the ت in this case being with fet-h. (K. [See more in Freytag's Arab. Prov. ii. 197-8, or in Har p. 577; in both of which, however, and in the O, ضيّعت is with kesr in the latter case, as in the former.]) [One says also, ضيّع عَهْدَهُ, meaning He broke his compact, contract, or covenant]. The phrase, in a trad., نَهَى عَنْ المَالِ ↓ إِضَاعَةِ means He forbade the expending of wealth otherwise than in obedience to God, and the squandering thereof, and extravagance. (TA.) b2: See also the next paragraph.4 اضاع الشَّىْءَ: see 2, first sentence, and last but one. b2: Also, [and app. ↓ ضيّعهُ likewise, accord. to the K,] He left the thing; left it, or let it, alone; or neglected it. (K, TA.) Yousay, اضاع عِيَالَهُ He neglected his family, or household; omitted taking good care of them, or being mindful of them. (TA.) وَمَا كَانَ اللّٰهُ لِيُضِعَ

إِيمَانَكُمْ, in the Kur [ii. 138], means And God will not neglect [or make to be lost] your prayer. (TA.) أَضَاعُوا الصَّلَاةَ, in the same, [xix. 60,] means Who neglected, or omitted, prayer, (Bd, TA,) altogether: (TA:) or deferred it: (Bd:) or who performed it in other than its right time: but the first explanation is more suitable, for the unbelievers are meant thereby. (TA.) A2: اضاع [is also intrans., and] may signify He found his affair to be coming to nought. (Ham p. 33.) b2: And His estates (ضِيَاعُهُ) became wide-spread, (S, O, K,) and many, or numerous. (S, O, Msb, K.) 5 تضيّع, said of the wind, It blew: because it [often] destroys that upon which it blows: so says Er-Rághib. (TA. [But it may be from what here follows.]) b2: Said of musk, It diffused its odour, or fragrance: (S, O, K;) a dial. var. of تضوّع: (S:) or an instance of substitution [of ى for و]. (O.) [See also 1, last explanation.]

مَاتَ ضِيْعًا and ضِيَعًا: see ضَيَاعٌ.

ضَيْعَةٌ an inf. n. of 1. (S, &c.) b2: See ضَيَاعٌ, below, last sentence but one. b3: Also A single case, or occasion, of perishing, coming to nought, passing away, or becoming lost; or of being left, left or let alone, or neglected. (TA.) b4: تَرَكْتُهُ بِضَيْعَةٍ means I left him unsought-after, or unminded, or unmissed. (TA. [See also a similar phrase voce ضَيَاعٌ.]) A2: Also i. q. عَقَارٌ [meaning An estate consisting of land, or of land and a house, or of a house or land yielding a revenue, or of a house and palm-trees, or the like]; (S, O, Msb, K;) and [particularly] land yielding a revenue; (K;) or with the people of the towns and villages and cultivated lands it signifies the property, of a man, consisting of palm-trees and grape-vines and land: but the Arabs [of the desert] know not the word in this sense: (Az, TA:) IF says, I do not reckon the application of this word as a name for the عَقَار to be of the original language, but think it to be an innovation in speech; and I have heard it said that this is termed a ضيعة because, when frequent attention to it is neglected, it perishes; and if it be so, this is an evidence of what we have said, that it is of the innovated speech: (O, TA:) the dim. is ↓ ضُيَيْعَةٌ, for which one should not say ضُوَيْعَةٌ: (S, O, K:) the pl. is ضِيَاعٌ and ضِيَعٌ, (S, O, Msb, K,) as though the latter were a contraction of the former, (Msb,) and ضَيْعَاتٌ: (K:) accord. to Lth, the first of these pls. signifies places of alighting or abode or settlement; which are thus called because, when the paying frequent attention to them, or taking good care of them, and the keeping them, or putting them, in a good state, or state of repair, is neglected, they come to nought: and ضَيْعَاتٌ occurs in a trad. as meaning the means of subsistence. (TA.) And, (T, O, Msb, K,) as used by the Arabs [of the desert], who know not the word in any other sense than this, (T, O,) A craft, or handicraft, by which one gains his subsistence; a mode, or manner, of gain; or any habitual work or occupation of a man; (T, O, Msb, K) as the sewing of skins or boots and the like; and the twisting of ropes; and the weaving, or plaiting, of palm-leaves; and the culture of palm-trees (عَمَلُ النَّخْلِ); and the pasturing of camels; and the like thereof; (T, O;) including the sowing, or tilling, of land: (TA:) or the ضَيْعَة of the Arabs was the management, or tending, of camels and of sheep and goats: and the term includes a man's craft, or handicraft, or means of gain: (Sh, O:) and his traffic: (Sh, O, K:) one says to a man, قُمْ إِلَى ضَيْعَتِكَ [Arise to thy craft, &c.]: (Sh, O:) and كُلُّ رَجُلٍ

وَضَيْعَتَهُ, [Every man should occupy himself with his proper craft, &c.] (Msb.) أَفْشَى اللّٰهُ, ضَيْعَتَهُ, occurring in a trad., means God made or may God make, his means of subsistence to be abundant. (TA.) And one says, فَشَتْ ضَيْعَتُهُ, [or, more commonly, فَشَتْ عَلَيْهِ ضَيْعَتُهُ, as in the TA in art. فشو, &c.,] which is said to mean His property was, or became, large, or abundant, [or wide-spread,] so that he was unable to collect it together: and [hence] his means of attaining his object [or his affairs (as in the TA in art. فشو)] became disordered so that he knew not with which of them to begin: (TA:) or he took to doing an affair that did not concern him: (TA, and Ham p. 33:) it is nearly like the saying اِتَّسَعَ الخَرْقُ عَلَى الرَّاقِعِ [expl. in art. خرق]. (Ham ibid.) And إِنِّى لَأَرَى ضَيْعَةً لَا يُصْلِحُهَا إِلَّا ضَجْعَةٌ [Verily I see property that nothing but a sleep will restore to a right state] a prov.; said by a pastor whose camels had dispersed themselves, and who, desiring to collect them together, and being unable to do so, sought aid of sleep. (O.) مَاتَ ضِيعَةً: see the next paragraph.

ضَيَاعٌ an inf. n. of 1 [q. v.]. (S, &c.) [Hence] one says, مَاتَ ضَيَاعًا, as also ↓ ضِيَعًا, and ↓ ضِيْعًا, and ↓ ضِيعَةٌ, He (a man, TA) died unsought-after, or unminded, or unmissed. (K, TA. [See also a similar phrase voce ضَيْعَةٌ.]) b2: Also A family, or household: (ISh, O, K:) or the meaning is عِيَالٌ ضُيَّعٌ, (Mgh, O, K, *) i. e. a family, or household, neglected, untended, and unminded; (TA;) or such as are exposed, or liable, to perish, (بِعَرَضِ أَنْ يَضِيعَ,) as young children, and those who are crippled, or deprived of the power of motion, who cannot manage their own affairs: (Mgh:) occurring in a trad., in which it is said that when a man died leaving such as are thus termed, (تَرَكَ ضَيَاعًا,) they were to be brought to the Prophet, (Mgh, O,) to be maintained by means of the government-treasury: (Mgh:) a prefixed noun is to be understood [i. e. it is for عِيَالَ ضَيَاعٍ or the like]: (Mgh:) or it is an inf. n. used as a subst. [properly thus termed]: (Mgh, O:) or, accord. to one relation of the trad., the word is ↓ ضَيْعَةً [which is likewise an inf. n., and in this case to be expl. in the same manner]: (Mgh:) if read ضِيَاعًا, it would be pl. of ضَائِعٌ. (Mgh, O.) A2: Also A sort of perfume, or odoriferous substance. (K.) ضُيَيْعَةٌ dim. of ضَيْعَةٌ, q. v. (S, O, K.) ضَائعٌ Perishing, coming to nought, passing away, or becoming lost: (Mgh, * Msb:) [and being left; left, or let, alone; or neglected:] part. n. of 1: (Mgh, Msb:) pl. ضِيَاعٌ (Mgh, O, Msb, K) and ضُيَّعٌ. (Mgh, O, * Msb, K. *) [See an ex. of the latter pl. in a verse cited voce دَانَ, in art. دين. See also سَائِعٌ, in art. سوع.] b2: and A man in a state of poverty: or having a family, or household, to sustain: or in a state of circumstances by means of which he is unable to subsist. (TA.) b3: فُلَانٌ يَأْكُلُ فِى مِعًى ضَائِعٍ means جَائِعٍ

[i. e. Such a one eats into a hungry, or an empty, gut]: and it was said to the daughters of ElKhuss, “What is the sharpest thing? (مَا أَحَدُّ شَىْء;) and she answered, نَابٌ جَائِعٌ يُلْقِى فِى

مِعًى ضَائِعٍ [A hungry canine tooth that throws the food into an empty gut]. (S.) أَضْيَعُ means أَكْثَرُ ضَيَاعًا: so in the saying, فُلَانٌ أَضْيَعُ مِنْ فُلَانٍ [Such a one is in a more perishing state than such a one]. (TA.) مُضِيعٌ act. part. n. of the trans. v. اضاع. (TA.) [See مِسْيَاعٌ, in art. سوع.]

A2: And part. n. of the intrans. v. اضاع; as such signifying One whose estates (ضِيَاعُهُ) are becoming wide-spread, and many, or numerous. (S, TA.) مَضِيعَةٌ and مَضْيَعَةٌ i. q. ضَيَاعٌ [an inf. n. of 1, q. v.]. (Mgh, O, Msb, K.) So in the saying, تَرَكَ عِيَالَهُ بِمَضِيعَةٍ or بِمَضْيَعَةٍ [He left his family, or household, in a state of perishing, &c.]. (Mgh.) So too in the saying, السَّارِقُ لَا يُقْطَعُ فِى مَالٍ

بِمَضِيعَةٍ [The thief shall not suffer amputation of his hand in the case of his stealing property in a neglected state]. (Mgh.) And so in the saying, هُوَ بِدَارِ مَضِيعَةٍ (S, * O, K) and مَضْيَعَةٍ (O, K) [He is in a place (lit. an abode) of perdition, &c.]: or as meaning in this saying, abandonment, and ignominy. (TA.) And هُوَ مُقِيمٌ بِدَارِ مَضِيعَةٍ or مَضْيَعَةٍ means [He is dwelling in the abode of indolence; or] his characteristic in his affairs is indolence. (Msb.) b2: Also, [or perhaps the latter only, as meaning A cause of perishing &c., this latter being app. of the class of مَبْخَلَةٌ and مَجْبَنَةٌ

&c.,] A desert, or waterless desert, that is cut off [from inhabited regions]: or, as expl. by IJ, a place in which a man perishes, or is lost. (Msb.) مُضَيِّعٌ: see what follows.

رَجُلٌ مِضْيَاعٌ لِلْمَالِ i. q. لَهُ ↓ مُضَيِّعٌ [i. e. A man who wastes, or squanders, wealth, or property]. (S, O, K.)

عيل

1 عَالَ, aor. ـِ inf. n. عَيْلَةٌ (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K) [afterwards said in the K to be the subst. from this verb] and عُيُولٌ (S, O, K) and عِيُولٌ (TA) and عَيْلٌ and مَعِيلٌ; (K;) and عال, aor. ـُ (Ks, TA in art. عول;) and ↓ اعال; (K in that art.;) He was, or became, poor, (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K,) and in want. (S, O.) So in the saying مَا لَهُ مَالَ وَعَالَ, [of which see another explanation in art. عول,] a form of imprecation. (TA.) It is said in a trad., مَا عَالَ مُقْتَصِدٌ وَلَا يَعِيلُ i. e. [One following the right course] has not become poor [nor will he become poor]. (TA.) And one says, لَا يَعِيلُ أَحَدٌ عَلَى القَصْدِ [and لَا يَقُولُ, expl. in art. عول], (Yoo, TA.) b2: See also 4.

A2: عَالَنِى, (S, O, K,) aor. as above, (S, O,) inf. n. عَيْلٌ and مَعِيلٌ, It (a thing) was, or became, wanted by me, and unattainable to me: (S, O, K:) mentioned by El-Ahmar. (S, O.) b2: And عال الضَّالَّةَ, (S, O, K,) aor. as above, inf. n. عَيْلٌ and عَيَلَانٌ, (S, O,) He knew not where to seek the stray beast. (S, O, K.) A3: عال, (S, O,) or عال فِى مَشْيِهِ, (K,) aor. as above, inf. n. عَيْلٌ, (S, O,) said of a horse, (S, O, TA,) and of a man, (S, TA,) He inclined from side to side in his gait, (S, O, K,) and (when said of a man, S) was proud, haughty, or self-conceited, therein: (S, K:) the doing so in a horse is commended, as indicative of his generousness: (TA:) and ↓ تعيّل signifies the same, (O, K,) said of a man. (O.) b2: And عال فِى الأَرْضِ, (O, K,) aor. as above, (O,) inf. n. عَيْلٌ and عُيُول and عُيُولٌ, thus in the K, i. e. with damm and fet-h, but in the M [عُيُولٌ and عِيُولٌ, i. e.] with damm and kesr, [of the like whereof there are many instances, one of them in the first sentence above,] (TA,) He (a man, O) went, or went away, (O, K,) and round about, (K, TA, but not in the CK) in the land; (O, K;) or journeyed therein seeking sustenance, or for the purpose of traffic; syn. ضَرَبَ فِيهَا: so says IAmb. (O.) b3: عال المِيزَانُ, aor. ـِ and يَعُولُ, inf. n. عَيْلٌ and عَوْلٌ: see art. عول.2 عيّل as intrans.: see 4; and see also 1 in art. عول, fourth sentence.

A2: عيّل عيَالَهُ He neglected his family, or household: (TA, and K in art. عول:) or تَعْيِيلٌ signifies the feeding badly. (S, O.) See also 2 in art. عول, second sentence. b2: And see 1 in that art., first sentence. b3: عيّل فَرَسَهُ He (a man) left his horse alone, or by himself, to pasture where he would, without a pastor, in the desert. (S, O.) 4 اعال He (a man) had a family, or household; so accord. to Akh: or he had a numerous family or household; (S, O, TA;) as also أَعْيَلَ, and ↓ عال, and ↓ عيّل. (TA.) [See also 1 in art. عول, fourth sentence.] b2: And see the first sentence of the present art. b3: Also, said of a wolf, (O, K,) and of a lion, and of a leopard, (K,) He sought, or sought after, (O, K,) a thing, (O,) or prey. (K.) b4: See also 4 in art. عول, last sentence.5 تَعَيَّلَ see 1, latter half.

عِيلٌ: see عَيْلَةٌ: A2: and see also عَائِلٌ.

عَيَلٌ The propounding of one's narration, and talk, to him who does not desire it and whom it does not concern; (O, K;) [and so, app., ↓ عِيَالٌ; for it is said that] this is what is meant in the saying of the Prophet, إِنَّ مِنَ القَوْلِ عَيَلًا, or, as some relate it, عِيَالًا: [whence it seems that both readings mean Verily of what is said is the propounding of one's narration, &c.:] so says Saasa'ah. (O.) عَالَةٌ: see the next paragraph. A2: And see عَائِلٌ, of which it is a pl.]

A3: See also art. عول.

عَيْلَةٌ [mentioned above as an inf. n., and also said in the K to be a subst.,] Poverty, (S, O, K,) and want; thus in the Kur ix. 28; as also ↓ عَالَةٌ; (S, O;) and ↓ عَائِلَةٌ, and thus accord. to one reading in the Kur ix. 28; and accord. to IAar, ↓ عِيلٌ, with kesr, is syn. with عَيْلَةٌ. (TA.) A2: It is also a pl. [or rather a quasi-pl. n.] of عَائِلٌ q. v. (S, TA.) A3: طَالَ عَيْلَتِى إِيَّاكَ meansLong has continued my feeding, nourishing, or sustaining, thee. (O, K. [But this app. belongs to art. عول: see the first sentence in that art.]) عَيْلَى A woman that weeps [or wails] for the dead. (AA, O. [But this also app. belongs to art. عول.]) A2: Also a pl. of عَائِلٌ [q. v.]. (S, O, K.) عيْلَانٌ The male hyena. (S, O, K.) عِيَالٌ a pl. of which the sing is عَيِّلٌ and of which the pl. is عَيَائِلُ, this last being a pl. pl.: see art. عول.

A2: See also عَيَلٌ, above.

عِيَالَةٌ The fodder, or provender, of a بِرْذَوْن [or hackney]; as also ↓ مَعَالَةٌ. (Fr, O, K.) عَيَّالٌ That inclines from side to side in gait, and is proud, haughty, or self-conceited, therein: (S, O, TA;) as also ↓ عَائِلٌ, of which عَيْلَةٌ is a pl. [or rather a quasi-pl. n.]: (IAar, TA:) the former applied to a horse, (S, TA,) and to a lion: (S, O, TA:) and so with ة applied to a woman. (K, TA.) Respecting the saying of Hokeym Ibn-Mo'eiyeh Er-Raba'ee, cited by Sb, فِيهَا عَيَايِيلُ أُسُودٍ وَنُمُرْ Ibn-Es-Seeráfee says, it is as though he said فيها مُتَبَخْتِرَاتُ &c. [i. e. In it are such as walk with a proud gait and an inclining from side to side, of lions and of leopards]; making عياييل to be pl. of عَيَّالٌ; not of ↓ عَيِّلٌ; (O, TA; *) of which latter, as signifying seeking [prey, like مُعِيلٌ], it is also [said to be] an anomalous pl.: (TA:) but Aboo-Mohammad Ibn-El-Aarábee says that Ibn-Es-Seeráfee has miswritten عياييل, and that it is correctly غَيَايِيلُ, with the pointed غ, an anomalous pl. of غِيلٌ [signifying “ a thicket,” &c.; so that the meaning is, in it are thickets the lurking-places of lions and of leopards]. (O, TA.) عَائِلٌ Poor, (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K,) and needy, or in want; (S, O;) occurring in the Kur xciii. 8; (TA;) as also ↓ عَيِّلٌ, (TA,) and ↓ مُعِيلٌ: (Ibn-El-Kelbee, TA:) pl. of the first عَالَةٌ, (Mgh, O, Msb, K,) [originally] of the measure فَعَلَةٌ, like كَفَرَةٌ pl. of كَافِرٌ, (Msb,) and عُيَّلٌ (K) and عَيْلَى (S, O, K) and [quasi-pl. ns.]

↓ عَيْلَةٌ (S, TA) and ↓ عِيلٌ. (IAar, TA.) A2: See also عَيَّالٌ.

عَائِلَةٌ: see عَيْلَةٌ.

عَيِّلٌ, originally of the measure فَيْعِلٌ: (ISd, TA in art. عول:) see عِيَالٌ, in two places, in art. عول.

A2: See also عَائِلٌ.

A3: And see مُعِيلٌ: and عَيَّالٌ.

مُعِيلٌ: see عَائِلٌ. b2: Also A man having a family, or household; and so ↓ مُعَيَّلٌ: (TA:) or having a numerous family or household; and in like manner, with ة, applied to a woman. (S, O, TA.) [See also art. عول.] b3: Also, applied to a wolf, a lion, and a leopard, Seeking, or seeking after, prey; (K, TA;) and so ↓ عَيِّلٌ. (TA.) مُعَيَّلٌ: see مُعِيلٌ in this art., and also in art. عول.

مُعَيِّلٌ: see art. عول.

مَعَالَةٌ: see عِيَالَةٌ.

جلب

1 جَلَبَ, (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K,) aor. ـِ and جَلُبَ, (S, Msb, K,) inf. n. جَلْبٌ (S, Mgh, Msb, K) and جَلَبٌ, (S, K,) He drove, (A, K,) or brought, conveyed, or transported, (Mgh,) a thing, (S, A, * Mgh, Msb, K, *) or things, such as camels, sheep, goats, horses, captives, or slaves, or any merchandise, (TA,) from one place to another, (A, K,) or from one country or town to another, for the purpose of traffic; (Mgh;) as also ↓ اجتلب, (A, K, KL,) and ↓ استجلب. (KL.) And جَلَبْتُ الشَّىْءَ إِلَي نَفْسِى and ↓ اِجْتَلَبْتُهُ signify the same; (S;) i. e. (assumed tropical:) I brought, drew, attracted, or procured, the thing to myself. (PS.) [Hence,] ذَا مِمَّا يَجْلِبُ الإِخْوَانَ (tropical:) [This is of the things that bring, draw, attract, or procure, brothers, or friends]. (A, TA.) And الدَّهْرِ ↓ جَلَبَتُهُ جَوَالِبُ (tropical:) [The calamities of time, or of fortune, or of fate, brought, drew, or attracted, him, or it]. (A, TA.) [Hence also, accord. to some,] لَا جَلَبَ وَ لَا جَنَبَ, a trad., explained as meaning, The owner of cattle shall not be required to drive them, or bring them, to the town, or country, in order that the collector may take from them the portion appointed for the poor-rate, but this shall be taken at the waters; and when the cattle are in the yards, they shall be left therein, and not brought forth to the place of pasture, for the collector to take that portion: or, as some say, ولا جنب means, nor shall one have a horse led by his side, in a race, in order that, when he draws near to the goal, he may tranfser himself to it, and so outstrip his fellow: and other explanations have been given: (Msb:) [accord. to some,] لا جلب here means, they shall not drive, or bring, their cattle to the collector of the portions appointed for the poor-rate in the place where he alights, but he shall himself come to their yards and take those portions: or [جلب here is from the verb جَلَبَ in a sense which will be explained below, and] the trad. relates to horse-racing, and means, one shall not cause his horse to be followed by a man crying out at it and chiding it; nor shall he have a horse without a rider led by his own horse, in order that, when he draws near to the goal, he may transfer himself to it, and outstrip upon it: (Mgh:) or الجَلَبُ, which is forbidden, means the collector's not coming to the people at their waters to take the portions appointed for the poor-rate, but ordering them to drive, or bring, their cattle to him: or it relates to contending for a stake, or wager, and means the mounting a man upon one's horse, and, when he has drawn near to the goal, following his horse and crying out at it, in order that it may outstrip; which is a kind of fraud: (S:) or it is used in both these cases: (A 'Obeyd: [his explanations are virtually the same as those in the S:]) or the meaning of the trad. [so far as the former clause of it is concerned] is, that the contributions to the poor-rate shall not be driven, or brought, to the waters nor to the great towns, but shall be given in their places of pasture: or it means, [or rather الجلب means,] the collector's alighting in a place, and then sending a person, or persons, to drive, or bring, to him the cattle from their places, that he may take the portion thereof appointed for the poor-rate: or it [relates to horse-racing, and] means the sending forth a horse in the racecourse, and a number of persons' congregating, and crying out at it, in order that it may be turned from its course: or a man's following his horse, and spurring on behind it, and chiding it, and crying out at it: (K, TA:) or the shaking a thing behind a horse that is backward in a race, that it may be urged on thereby, and outstrip: or one's riding a horse, and leading behind him another, to urge it on, in contending for a stake, or wager: or the crying out at a horse from behind, and urging it to outstrip. (TA. See also 1 in art. جنب.) b2: جَلَبَ لأَهْلِهِ He gained or earned; sought or sought after or sought to gain [provisions &c.; generally meaning he purveyed]; and exercised art or cunning or skill, in the management of his affairs; for his family; as also ↓ اجلب. (Lh, K.) A2: جَلَبُوا, aor. ـِ and جَلُبَ, (K,) [inf. n. جَلَبٌ, and perhaps جَلَبَةٌ also;] and ↓ جلّبوا; (S, K;) and ↓ اجلبوا, (K,) inf. n. إِجْلَابٌ; (Mgh;) [the second of which is the most common;] They raised cries, shouts, noises, a clamour, (S, Mgh, TA,) or confused cries or shouts or noises. (Mgh, K. *) And جَلَبَ عَلَي فَرَسِهِ, (S, Msb, K,) aor. ـُ (S, Msb,) inf. n. جَلَبٌ, (S,) or جَلْبٌ, (Msb,) He chid, or urged on, his horse; as also ↓ جلّب and ↓ اجلب; (K;) the first, rare; the second and third, usual: (TA:) he cried out at his horse, (S, K,) from behind him, and urged him to outstrip [in a race], (S,) aor. ـُ and جَلِبَ; (K; but this explanation is erased in the copy of the K in its author's handwriting, as being a repetition; and rightly, accord. to MF; though this requires consideration; TA;) as also ↓ اجلب: (S:) he urged his horse to run, by striking, or goading, or by crying out, or the like; as also ↓ اجلب: or, as some say, he led behind his horse that he was riding another horse to urge on the former, in contending [in a race] for a stake, or wager; as is shown in an explanation of the tradition cited above, لَا جَلَبَ وَلَا جَنَبَ. (TA.) It is said in the Kur [xvii. 66], عَلَيْهِمْ بِخَيْلِكَ وَرَجْلِكَ ↓ وَأَجْلِبْ And raise thou confused cries against them, (Mgh,) or cry out against them, with thy forces riding and on foot.(Bd. But see another explanation in what follows.) And it is said in a wellknown prov., جَلَبَتْ جَلْبَةً ثُمَّ أَمْسَكَتْ It, i. e. a cloud (سَحَابَة), thundered, then refrained from raining: applied to a coward, who threatens, and then is silent: but accord. to some, it is with ح in the place of ج (MF. See art. حلب.) b2: [Hence,] جَلَبَ, aor. ـِ and جَلُبَ; and ↓ اجلب; He threatened with evil; (K, TA;) followed by an accus. (TA) [or, app., by عَلَى before the object]: or (so in the TA, but in some copies of the K “ and,”) he collected a company, a troop, or an army. (K, TA.) [It is said that] عَلَيْهِمْ ↓ وَأَجْلِبْ, in the Kur [xvii. 66], means And collect thou against them [thy forces], and threaten them with evil. (TA. But see another explanation above.) And عَلَيْهِ ↓ اجلبو signifies also They collected themselves together against him, (S, K, *) and aided one another; like احلبوا. (S.) b3: جَلَبَ عَلَيْهِ, aor. ـُ inf. n. جَلْبٌ, He committed a crime against him; or an offence for which he should be punished. (K, * TA.) A3: جَلَبَ, aor. ـِ and جَلُبَ, (S, K,) It (a wound) healed: (K:) or it (an ulcer, As, or a wound, S) became covered with a skin in healing: (As, S:) as also ↓ اجلب. (S, L.) b2: And It (blood) dried; became dry; as also ↓ اجلب. (Lh, K.) A4: جَلِبَ, aor. ـَ It [app. a company or troop] assembled, or became collected together. (K.) 2 جَلَّبَ see 1, in two places.

A2: The inf. n. تَجْلِيبٌ also signifies The act of bringing together: or collecting. (KL.) 3 جَاْلَبَ [جالب is explained by Golius, as on the authority of the KL, as meaning He helped, or assisted: but this is a mistake for حالب; for I find مُحَالَبَةٌ explained by يارى كردن in a copy of the KL, and the order of the words there shows that it is not a mistranscriptiou for مجالبة.]4 اجلب: see 1, in eleven places, in the latter half of the paragraph.

A2: Also His camels brought forth males; (S, K;) because the males that they produce are driven, or brought, from one place to another, and sold; opposed to احلب “ his camels brought forth females: ” (S:) and his camel brought forth a male. (TA.) أَجْلَبْتَ وَلَا أَحْلَبْتَ May thy camels bring forth males, and may they not bring forth females, is a form of imprecation against a man, implying a wish that he may lose the milk [that he would have otherwise]. (TA.) A3: He aided, helped, or assisted, another. (S, K.) [So, too, احلب.]

A4: He put an amulet into a جُلْبَة [which must therefore signify the piece of skin in which an amulet is enclosed, as well as an amulet enclosed in a piece of skin: see مُجْلِبٌ]. (K.) b2: اجلب قَتَبَهُ, (S, K,) inf. n. إِجْلابٌ, (T,) He covered his قتب [or camel's saddle] (S, K) with a جُلْبَة, i. e., (S,) with a piece of fresh, moist skin, which he left upon it until it became dry [and tight]: (S, K: *) or he covered the head of his قتب with a piece of kid's, or lamb's, skin, and left it to dry upon it. (T.) 5 تَجَلَّبَ [تجلّب rendered by Golius Clamorem ac murmur excitavit, as on the authority of the K, I do not find in that lexicon nor in any other.]7 انجلب It [a camel, sheep, goat, horse, captive, or slave, or a number of camels &c., or any merchandise, (see 1, first sentence,)] was driven [or brought] from one place to another [or from one country or town to another, for the purpose of traffic]. (K.) 8 اجتلب: see 1, first and second sentences. b2: Also (assumed tropical:) He (a poet) took, or borrowed, from the poetry of another. (TA.) b3: And He sought or demanded [a thing]. (Har p. 44.) 10 استجلبهُ He sought, or demanded, or desired, that it [a camel, sheep, goat, horse, captive, or slave, or a number of camels &c., or any merchandise, (see 1, first sentence,)] should be driven [or brought] from one place to another [in which he was, or from one country or town to another, for sale]. (K.) b2: See also 1, first sentence. R. Q. 1 جَلْبَبَهُ, (K,) or جلببهُ جِلْبَابًا, (TA,) inf. n. جَلْبَبَةٌ, the second ب not being incorporated into the first because the word is quasi-coordinate to the class of دَحْرَجَةٌ, (S,) He put on him a garment of the kind called جِلْبَاب. (S, K.) Accord. to Kh, the first ب in جلبب is [augmentative] like the و in جَهْوَرَ and دَهْوَرَ: accord. to Yoo, the second is [augmentative] like the ى in سَلْقَى and جَعْبَى. (IJ, TA.) R. Q. 2 تَجَلْبَبَ, (K,) and تَجَلْبَبَتْ, (A, Msb,) He, and she, put on a garment of the kind called جِلْبَاب; or clad himself, and herself, therewith. (A, Msb, K.) And تجلبب بِثَوْبَهَ He covered himself with his garment. (Har p. 162.) جُلْبٌ: see جِلْبٌ b2: Also The blackness of night; (K, TA;) and so ↓ جِلْبَابٌ. (Har p. 480. [The latter evidently tropical in this sense, and perhaps the former also.]) جِلْبٌ (S, K) and ↓ جُلْبٌ (S, L) A camel's saddle of the kind called رَحْل, with what it contains, or comprises: (K:) or its cover: (Th, K:) or its pieces of wood: (S:) or its curved pieces of wood: (TA:) or its wood, without [the thongs called] أَنْسَاع and other apparatus. (K, TA.) A2: Also, both words, Clouds, (K,) or thin clouds, (S,) in which is no water: (S, K:) or clouds appearing, or extending sideways, (مُعْتَرِضٌ,) [in the horizon,] like a mountain [or mountainrange]: (K, TA:) or a cloud like that which is termed عَارِضٌ [q. v.], but narrower, and more distant, and inclining to blackness: (Az, TA in art. عرض:) pl. أَجْلَابٌ. (TA.) [See also جُلْبَةٌ.]

جَلَبٌ A thing, or things, driven, or brought, (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K,) from one country or town to another, (S, Mgh, Msb,) or from one place to another, (A, K,) for the purpose of traffic; (Mgh;) as horses, &c., (K,) camels, (TA,) sheep or goats, captives or slaves, (Lth, TA,) or any merchandise: (TA:) and so ↓جَلَبَةٌ, thus in the handwriting of the author of the K in his last copy of that work, and mentioned by more than one, (MF, [who adds that it is correct, but SM thinks it a mistake,]) and ↓ جَلِيبَةٌ and ↓ جُلُوبَةٌ: (K:) [see this last, below:] pl. [of the first]

أَجْلَابٌ. (K.) Hence the prov., النُّفَاضُ يُقَطِّرُ الجَلَبَ The failure of provisions causes the camels, driven, or brought, from one place to another, to be disposed in files for sale. (TA.) b2: [And, app., Male camels; like جَلُوبَةٌ; because they are driven, or brought, from one place to another, and sold; (see 4;) opposed to حَلَبٌ, q. v.] b3: Also Persons who drive, or bring, camels and sheep or goats [&c.] from one place or country or town to another, for sale; and so [its pl.]

أَجْلَابٌ. (S.) [In the present day, ↓ جَلَّابٌ signifies One who brings slaves from foreign countries, particularly from African countries, for sale.]

A2: Also, (S, A, K,) and ↓ جَلَبَةٌ, (S, A, * Mgh, K,) [the former an inf. n., and so, perhaps, the latter, but often used as simple substs., the latter more commonly, meaning] Cries, shouts, noises, or clamour: (S, TA:) or a confusion, or mixture, (A, Mgh, K,) of cries or shouts or noises, (A, Mgh,) or of crying or shouting or noise. (K.) b2: And the former, An assembly of men. (TA.) جُلْبَةٌ The small piece of skin, (S,) or the crust, or scab, (A, K,) that forms over a wound (S, A, K) when it heals: (S, K:) pl. جُلَبٌ. (A.) b2: A piece of skin that is put upon the [kind of camel's saddle called] قَتَب. (S, K.) [See 4.] b3: [A piece of skin in which an amulet is enclosed: see 4.] b4: An amulet upon which is sewed a piece of skin: (K:) pl. as above. (TA.) b5: A detached portion of cloud: (K:) [or] a cloud covering the sky. (IAar, TA.) [See also جِلْبٌ.] b6: A piece of land differing from that which adjoins it; a patch of ground; syn. بُقْعَةٌ. (K.) One says, إِنَّهُ لَفِى جُلْبَةِ صِدْقٍ i. e. فى بُقْعَةِ صِدْقٍ [app. meaning (assumed tropical:) Verily he is in a good station or position: see art. بقع]. (TA.) b7: A detached portion of herbage or pasture. (K, * TA.) A2: Also Severity, or pressure, of time or fortune; (S, K;) like كُلْبَةٌ: (S:) and hunger: (so in some copies of the K:) or vehemence of hunger: (so in other copies of the K:) or severity; adversity; difficulty; trouble: (TA:) and a hard, distressful, or calamitous, year. (K.) جَلَبَةٌ: see جَلَبٌ, in two places.

جِلِبَّاتٌ (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K, &c.) and ↓ جِلْبَابٌ; (K;) the latter mentioned as an ex. of form by Sb, and thought by Seer to be syn. with the former, but not explained by any one except the author of the K; masc. and fem.; (TA;) A [woman's outer wrapping garment called] مِلْحَفَة: (S:) or this is its primary signification; but it is metaphorically applied to other kinds of garments: (El-Khafájee, TA:) or a shirt, (K, TA,) absolutely: or one that envelopes the whole body: (TA:) and a wide garment for a woman, less than the ملحفة: or one with which a woman covers over her other garments, like the ملحفة: or the [kind of head-covering called], خِمَار: (K:) so in the M: (TA:) or a garment wider than the خمار, but less than the رِدَآء (Mgh, L, Msb,) with which a woman covers her head and bosom: (L:) or a garment shorter, but wider, than the خمار; the same as the مِقْنَعَة: (En-Nadr, TA:) or a woman's head-covering: (TA:) or the [kind of wrapper called] إِزَار: (IAar, TA:) or a garment with which the person is entirely enveloped, so that not even a hand is left exposed, (Har p. 162, and TA,) of the kind called مُلَآءَة, worn by a woman: (TA:) or a garment, or other thing, that one uses as a covering: (IF, Msb:) pl. جَلَابِيبُ. (S, Mgh, Msb.) b2: See also جُلْبٌ. b3: (assumed tropical:) Dominion, sovereignty, or rule [with which a person is invested]. (K.) جُلْبَانٌ and جُلَبَانٌ: see جُلُبَّانٌ, in three places.

جِلِبَّابٌ: see جِلْبَابٌ.

جَلَبَّانٌ: see the next paragraph, last sentence.

جُلُبَّانٌ, (K, TA, in the CK جُلَّبان, and so in the TA in art. خرف,) and without teshdeed, (K,) [i. e.] ↓ جُلْبَانٌ, (S, Msb,) and, accord. to some, ↓ جُلَبَانٌ also, (Msb,) not heard by AHn from the Arabs of the desert but with teshdeed, though many others pronounce it without tesh-deed, and pronounced in the latter manner, he says, it may be a dial. var.; (TA;) [a coll. gen. n.;] A certain plant; (K;) or a certain grain, or seed, of the kind called قَطَانِىّ [i. e. pulse]; (Msb;) the [grain, or seed, called] خُلَّر, which is a thing resembling the مَاش: (S:) or a dust-coloured, dusky hind of grain or seed, which is cooked; of the colour of the ماش, except in its being of a more dusky shade; but larger: (T, TA:) a certain kind of grain or seed, resembling the ماش, of the kind called قَطَانِىّ, well known: (TA:) [a common kind of vetch, or pea, the common lathyrus, or blue chickling vetch, the lathyrus sativus of Linn., is called in Upper Egypt, and by some of the people of Lower Egypt also, جِلْبَان:] n. un. with ة. (TA.) A2: Also the first, (K,) and ↓ ة, (TA,) and ↓ جُلْبَانٌ, (MF, on the authority of Ibn-ElJowzee,) [like جُرُبَّانٌ and جُرْبَانٌ or جِرْبَانٌ,] A thing like a جِرَاب [or sword-case], of skin, or leather, (K, TA,) in which is put the sword sheathed, and in which the rider puts his whip and implements &c., and which he hangs upon the آخِرَة or the وَاسِط [see these two words] of the camel's saddle; derived from جُلْبَةٌ meaning “ a piece of skin that is put upon a قَتَب: ” (TA:) or the case (قِرَاب) of the sword-sheath, or scabbard: (K:) or جلبّانُ السِّلاحِ, occurring in a trad., signifies the case (قراب) with its contents: or the sword and bow and the like, which require some trouble to draw forth and use in fight; not such a weapon as the lance. (L, TA.) A3: Also the first, and ↓ جَلَبَّانٌ, (K, TA,) or ↓ جِلِبَّانٌ, (so in the CK,) A clamorous man; or one who makes a confused crying or shouting or noise. (K, TA.) جِلِبَّانٌ: see the next preceding paragraph, in two places.

جُلُبَّانَةٌ and جِلِبَّانَةٌ: see جَلَّابَةٌ.

جُلُبْنَانَةٌ and جِلِبْنَانَةٌ: see جَلَّابَةٌ.

جَلِيبٌ, applied to a male slave, (A, Mgh, K,) One who is brought from one place or country or town to another [for sale]: (S, K:) or one who is brought to the country of the Muslims [for sale]: (Mgh:) pl. جَلْبَى and جُلَبآءُ. (K.) It is also applied [in like manner] to a woman: pl. جَلْبَى and جَلَائِبُ. (Lh, K.) جَلُوبَةٌ A thing that is driven or brought from one place or country or town to another for sale; (T, S, TA;) such as an aged she-camel, and a he-camel, and a young she-camel such as is called قَلُوص, and any other thing; but not applied to stallion-camels of generous race, that are used for procreation: pl. جَلَائِبُ: or the pl. signifies camels that are brought to a man sojourning at a water, who has not means of carriage; wherefore they put him [and his companions or goods &c.] thereon: (TA:) or جلوبة signifies male camels: [see also جَلَبٌ:] or camels that are laden with the goods or utensils &c. of the people: and it is used alike as pl. and sing. (K.) See جَلَبٌ, with which it is syn. (K.) جَلِيبَةٌ: see جَلَبٌ. b2: Also (assumed tropical:) An affected habit or disposition. (Ibn-Abi-l-Hadeed, MF.) جَلَّابٌ: see جَلَبٌ.

جُلَّابٌ Rose-water: an arabicized word, (K,) from the Persian [گُلْ آبْ]. (TA.) جَلَّابَةٌ and ↓ مُجَلِّبَةٌ and ↓ جِلِبَّانَةٌ (K, TA) and ↓ جُلُبَّانَةٌ (CK) and ↓ جِلِبْنَانَةٌ and ↓ جُلُبْنَانَةٌ, (K, TA,) applied to a woman, Clamorous, noisy, very loquacious or garrulous, and of evil disposition: (K, TA:) or جلبّانة signifies, thus applied, rude and coarse: (TA:) the ل in this word is not a substitute for the ر in جِرِبَّانَةٌ [which has a similar meaning]: for it is from الجَلَبَةُ. (IJ, TA.) جَالِبٌ (A) and ↓ جَالِبَةٌ (L) and ↓ مَجْلَبَةٌ (Har p. 194 &c.) [all signify] (assumed tropical:) A cause of bringing or drawing or attracting or procuring of a thing: (Har p. 194, in explanation of the last:) thus مَجْلَبَةُ الدَّمْعِ means (assumed tropical:) the cause of drawing tears: (1d p. 15:) pl. of the second, جَوَالِبُ; as in the phrase جَوَالِبُ القَدَرِ (assumed tropical:) [the drawing, or procuring, causes of destiny]: (L, TA:) pl. of the third, مَجَالِبُ. (Har p. 430.) You say, لِكُلِّ قَضَآءٍ جَالِبٌ وَلِكُلِّ دَرٍّ حَالِبٌ (tropical:) [For every decree of fate there is a drawing, or procuring, cause; and for every flow of milk there is a milker]. (A, TA.) and [hence] the pl. جَوَالِبُ signifies (assumed tropical:) Calamities, misfortunes, evil accidents, adversities, or difficulties. (TA.) See an ex. in the first paragraph, near the beginning. b2: قُرُوحٌ جَوَالِبُ and جُلَّبٌ Wounds, or ulcers, healing, or becoming covered with skin in healing. (As, TA.) جَالِبَةٌ: see the paragraph next preceding.

مُجْلِبٌ A person who puts an amulet into a case of skin: after which it is sewed upon [the headstall, or some other part of the trappings, of] a horse. (TA.) مَجْلَبَةٌ: see جَالِبٌ.

مُجَلِّبٌ, applied to thunder, (K,) and to rain, (TA,) Boisterous. (K, TA.) b2: مُجَلِّبَةٌ: see جَلَّابَةٌ.

يَنْجَلِبٌ A خَزَرَة [i. e. bead, or gem, or similar stone] (T, K, TA) used by the Arabs of the desert, (T, TA,) [or by the women of the desert, as a charm,] for captivating, or fascinating, men; (K, * TA;) or for bringing back after flight; (T, K;) or for procuring affection after hatred: (T, TA:) Az mentions it as a quadriliteral-radical word. (TA.) The Arab women used to say, فَلَا يَرُمْ وَلَا يَغِبْ أَخَّذْتُهُ بِاليَنْجَلِبْ وَلَا يَزِلْ عِنْدَ الطَّنَبْ [I have fascinated him with the yenjelib, and he shall not seek another, nor absent himself, nor cease to remain at the tent-rope]. (Lh, TA.)

نجد

1 نَجَدَهُ, aor. ـُ (S, L,) inf. n. نَجْدٌ, (L, K,) He overcame, conquered, subdued, overpowered, prevailed over, or surpassed, him. (AO, S, L, K.) b2: نَجَدَ رَأْيَهُ فِى الأُمُورِ, inf. n. نَجْدٌ, He exerted his judgment in affairs. (Sh, L.) b3: نَجُدَ, (S, M, &c.,) [aor. ـُ inf. n. نَجَادَةٌ (M, L, K) and نَجْدَةٌ, (K,) or the latter is a simple subst., (M, L,) He (a man, S, L,) was, or became, courageous, (S, M, L, Msb, K,) and sharp, or vigorous and effective, in those affairs which others lack power or ability to accomplish: (M, L, K:) or, very valiant: or, quick in assenting to that which he was called or invited to do, whether it were good or evil. (M, L.) See also 10, and 4. b4: نَجِدَ, aor. ـَ inf. n. نَجَدٌ; (S, L;) or نُجِدَ, like عُنِىَ, inf. n. نَجْدٌ; (K;) He became [overcome,] afflicted, distressed, or oppressed, by sorrow, grief, or anxiety. (S, L, K.) b5: نَجِدَ, aor. ـَ (S, L,) and نَجُدَ, which is extr., (L,) [or properly the aor. of نَجُدَ,] inf. n. نَجَدٌ, (S, L,) He (a man, S) sweated, by reason of work, or of sorrow, grief, or anxiety: (S, L:) and ↓ أَنْجَدَ he (a man, TA) sweated. (K.) b6: نُجِدَ عَرَقًا, (K,) or نَجُدَ عَرَقًا, (L,) He, (L,) or it, namely the body, (K,) flowed with sweat. (L, K.) b7: نَجِدَ, aor. ـَ (TA,) inf. n. نَجَدٌ (K) He was, or became, stupid, dull, wanting in intelligence; not penetrating, sharp, vigorous, or effective, in the performing of affairs; soft, without strength, or sturdiness, and without endurance: and weary, or fatigued. (K, TA.) b8: نَجُدَ He became terrified, or frightened. (L.) A2: نَجَدَ, (aor.

نَجُدَ, L,) inf. n. نُجُودٌ, It (a thing, or an affair,) was, or became, apparent, manifest, plain, or evident. (L, K.) b2: نَجَدَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. نُجُودٌ, It (a road) was, or became, apparent, manifest, conspicous, or plain. (L.) b3: أَعْطَاهُ الأَرْضَ بِمَا نَجَدَ مِنْهَا He gave him the land with what came forth from it. (L.) 2 نجّدهُ الدَّهْرُ, (inf. n. تَنْجِيدٌ, K,) Time, or habit, or fortune, tried, or proved, him, and taught him, (S, L,) and rendered him expert, or experienced, and well informed, (L,) or firm, or sound, in judgment: (K:) as also نجّذه, which is more approved. (L.) A2: نجّد, inf. n. تَنْجِيدٌ, He ran; syn. عَدَا. (K.) A3: نجّد, inf. n. تَنْجِيدٌ, He ornamented, or decorated, a house or tent (بيت) with the articles of furniture called نُجُود, pl. of نَجْدٌ: (S, * L, K: *) [and, accord. to present usage, he manufactured beds and the like, and pillows; and teased, separated, or loosened, cotton, for stuffing beds, &c., with the bow and mallet: see also نَجَّادٌ].3 ناجدهُ He went forth to him to fight, or combat. (A.) b2: ناجدت الإِبِلَ She (a camel) vied with the other camels in abundance of milk: she yielded abundance of milk when the other camels had little. (L, K. *) b3: See 4.4 انجد, (S, L, Msb, K,) inf. n. إِنْجَادٌ; (L;) and ↓ نَجَدَ, aor. ـُ (Msb;) and ↓ ناجد, inf. n. مُنَاجَدَةٌ; (S, L;) He aided, or assisted, another: (S, L, Msb, K;) he succoured him. (L.) b2: انجدهُ عَلَيْهِ He aided, or assisted, him against him. (L.) b3: انجد الدَّعْوَةَ (S, L, K) He answered, or complied with, the call, prayer, or invitation. (L, K.) And انجدهُ الدَّعْوَةَ He answered, or complied with, his call, prayer, or invitation. (M, L.) b4: انجد He was, or became, or drew, near to his family, or wife; expl. by قَرُبَ مِنْ أَهْلِهِ. (Lh, ISd, K.) A2: انجدت السَّمَآءُ The sky became clear. (K.) b2: انجد (L, K) and ↓ تنجّد (K) He, or it, (a person, or thing, L, both said of such a thing as a mountain, TA,) became high, or lofty. (L, K.) b3: غَارَ وَأَنْجَدَ (assumed tropical:) He became famous in the low countries and in the high. (A.) b4: انجد, (inf. n. إِنْجَادٌ, L,) He entered upon the country of Nejd: (S, L:) or he came to Nejd, or to high land or country: (L, K:) or he went thither: (L:) or he went forth to, or towards, it. (Lh, ISd, L, K.) b5: أَنْجَدَ مَنْ رَأَى حَضَنَا, a proverb, He enters Nejd who sees Hadan, which is the name of a mountain; i. e., in going up from El-Ghowr, or El-Ghór. (S, L.) 5 تنجّد: see 4. b2: He swore a big oath. (L.) 10 استنجدهُ He asked, or desired, of him aid, or assistance, (S, L, K, *) and succour. (L.) b2: استنجد He (a man) became strong after having been weak, (S, L, K,) or sick. (TA.) b3: استنجد عَلَيْهِ, (S, L,) and بِهِ, (L, TA,) He became emboldened against him, (S, L, K,) and clave to him, (L,) after having regarded him with awe, or fear. (S, L, K.) b4: استنجد He became courageous after having been cowardly. (A.) See also نَجُدَ.

نَجْدٌ High, or elevated, land or country: (S, L, Msb, K:) or hard, and rugged, and elevated, or high, table-land: only stony and rugged, or hard, elevated land, like a mountain, standing over against one and intercepting his view of what is behind it, but not very high, is thus called: (L:) pl. أَنْجُدٌ, (S, L, K,) a pl. of pauc., (TA,) and أَنْجَادٌ, (L, K,) [also a pl. of pauc.,] and نِجَادٌ and نُجُودٌ (S. L, K) and نُجُدٌ; (IAar, L, K;) and pl. of نُجُودٌ, أَنْجِدَةٌ; [another pl. of pauc.;] (S, K;) or this is a mistake, and it is pl. of نِجَادٌ, like as أَحْمِرَةٌ is pl. of حِمَارٌ; or it is a pl. deviating from common rule. (IB, L.) You say أُعْلُ هَاتِيكَ النِّجَادَ Ascend thou these high lands; and هَاذَاكَ النِّجَادَ this high land, making it singular. (L.) b2: نَجْدٌ, (S, L, K, &c.,) and نَجُدٌ, (K,) the latter of the dial. of Hudheyl, (Akh,) of the masc. gender, [The high land, or country;] a division of the country of the Arabs; opposed to الغَوْرُ, [or the low country,] i. e., Tihámeh; all the high land from Tihámeh to the land of El-'Irák; (S, L;) above it are Tihámeh and El-Yemen, and below it El-'Irák and Esh-Shám; (K;) it begins, towards El-Hijáz, at Dhát-'Irk, (Msb, K,) and ends at Sawád of El-'Irák, and hence it is said to form no part of El-Hijáz: (Msb:) or it comprises all that is beyond the moat, or fosse, which Kisrà made to the Sawád of El-'Irák until one inclines to the Harrah (الحَرَّة), when he is in El-Hijáz; (El-Báhilee, T, L, Msb;) and it extends to the east of El-Ghowr, or El-Ghór; which is all the tract of which the torrents flow westwards: Tihámeh extends from Dhát-'Irk to the distance of two days' journey beyond Mekkeh: the tract beyond this, westward, is Ghowr, or Ghór; and beyond this, southwards, is Es-Saráh, as far as the frontiers of El-Yemen: (El-Báhilee, L:) or, as the Arabs of the desert have been heard to say, the country which one enters when, journeying upwards, he leaves behind him 'Ijliz, which is above El-Karyateyn, and which he quits when he descends from the mountain-roads of Dhát-'Irk, where he enters Tihámeh, and when he meets with the stony tracts termed حِرَار in Nejd, where El-Hijáz commences: (As, L:) or the high country from Batn-er-Rummeh to the mountain-roads of Dhát-'Irk: (ISk, L:) or the country from El-'Odheyb to Dhát-'Irk, and to El-Yemámeh, and to El-Yemen, and to the two mountains of Teiyi, and from El-Mirbed to Wejreh: Dhât-'Irk is the beginning of Tihámeh, extending to the sea and Juddeh: El-Medeeneh is not of Tihámeh nor of Nejd, but of El-Hijáz, higher than El-Ghowr, or El-Ghór, and lower than Nejd. (IAar, L.) b3: نَجْدٌ An elevated road: (S:) or an elevated and conspicuous road. (L, K.) A road in a mountain. (L.) [Hence طَلَّاعُ الأَنْجُدِ, expl. below, and in art. طلع.] b4: هَدَيْنَاهُ النَّجْدَيْنِ [Kur, xc. 10] We have shown him the two ways; the way of good and that of evil: (Beyd, Jel, L:) or the two conspicuous ways: (L:) b5: or We have given him the two breasts; (Beyd, L;) for نَجْدٌ also signifies a woman's breast; (L, K;) the belly beneath it being like the [country called] غَوْر. (TA.) b6: أَمَا وَنَجْدَيْهَا مَا فَعَلْتَ ذٰلِكَ Now, by her two breasts, didst thou not that? A form of oath of the Arabs. (MF.) b7: نَجْدٌ and ↓ نَاجِدٌ A thing, or an affair, apparent, manifest, plain, or evident. (L.) b8: هُوَ طَلَّاعُ أَنْجُدٍ, and طلّاع أَنْجِدَةٍ, (S, L, K,) and طلّاع نِجَادٍ, (L, K,) and الأَنْجُدِ, (K, art. طلع,) and النِجَادِ, (L, K,) (tropical:) He is one who surmounts difficult affairs: (A:) or he is one who manages affairs thoroughly, (L, K,) and masters them: (L:) or he is a man expert in affairs, who surmounts and masters them by his knowledge and experience and excellent judgment: or, who aims at lofty things: (K, art. طلع:) or he is one who rises to eminences, or to lofty things or circumstances, or to the means of attaining such things: (S:) as also طَلَّاعُ الثَّنَايَا. (S, K, art. طلع.) See نَجِدٌ, and مُنَاجِدٌ.

A2: نَجْدٌ, sing. of نُجُودٌ (A 'Obeyd, S, L, K) and of نِجَادٌ, (L, K,) which signify The articles of household farniture and the like (متاع) with which a house or tent (بيت) is ornamented, or decorated; (A 'Obeyd, S, L;) the carpets and beds or other things that are spread, and the pillows, used for that purpose: (L, K:) the cloths or stuffs used for this purpose, with which the walls are hung, and which are spread; (L;) the curtains which are hung upon the walls: (A:) and أَنْجَادٌ, pl. of نَجْدٌ, household furniture, consisting of such things as are spread, and pillows, and curtains. (L.) A3: نَجْدٌ A skilful, or an expert, guide of the way. (L, K.) A4: نَجْدٌ, (K,) or ↓ نُجُدٌ, (L,) A place in which are no trees. (L, K.) A5: نَجْدٌ A kind of tree resembling the شُبْرُم (L, K) in its colour and manner of growth and its thorns. (L.) نَجَدٌ Sweat, (S, L, K,) by reason of work, or of sorrow, grief, or anxiety, &c. (L.) A2: النَّجَدَاتُ A certain sect of the Khárijees, (S, L,) of those called the Harooreeyeh; (L;) the companions, (S, K,) or followers, (L,) of Nejdeh Ibn-'Ámir (S, L, K) El-Harooree (L) El-Hanafee, (S, L, K,) of the Benoo-Haneefeh; (TA;) also called ↓ النَّجْدِيَّةُ. (TA.) نَجُدٌ: see نَجِذٌ.

نَجِدٌ and ↓ نَجُدٌ and ↓ نَجِيدٌ (S, M, L, K) and ↓ نَجْدٌ (M, L, K) A courageous man, (S, M, L, K,) sharp, or vigorous and effective, in those affairs which others lack power or ability to accomplish: (M, L, K:) or courageous and strong: (Msb:) or very valiant: or quick in assenting to that which he is called or invited to do, whether it be good or evil: (M, L:) pl. of نَجُدٌ, أَنْجَادٌ, like as أَيْقَاظٌ is pl. of يَقُظٌ; (S, L;) or this is pl. of نَجْدٌ and نَجِدٌ; (Sb, M, L;) and not of نَجِيدٌ: (M, L:) the pl. of this last is نُجُدٌ and نُجَدَآءُ. (S, L.) b2: ↓ النَّجِيدُ The lion: (K:) so called because of his courage. (TA.) b3: نَجِدٌ فِى الحَاجَةِ A man quick in accomplishing that which is wanted, or needed. (S, L.) b4: نَجِدٌ and ↓ مَنْجُودٌ (L) and ↓ نَجِيدٌ (TA) and ↓ نَاجِدٌ, in which last the ا is perhaps inserted by poetic licence, (L,) Sweating, by reason of work, or of sorrow, grief, or anxiety, &c. (L, TA.) See also مَنْجُودٌ.

نُجُدٌ: see نَجْدٌ.

نَجْدَةٌ, a simple subst. (M, L,) Courage, (S, M, L, Msb, K,) and sharpness, or vigour and effectiveness, in those affairs which others lack power or ability to accomplish: (M, L:) or courage with steadiness, and calmness in awaiting fearlessly death, victory, or martyrdom: (EshShiháb [El-Khafájee]:) or great valour: or quickness in assenting to that which one is called or invited to do, whether it be good or evil. (M, L.) b2: ذُو نَجْدَةٍ A man possessing valour. (S, L.) See مُنَاجِدٌ. b3: نَجْدَةٌ Fight; combat; battle. (L, K.) b4: Terror; fright. (L, K.) b5: Difficulty; distress; affliction; adversity: (Lh, S, * L, Msb, * K: *) pl. نَجَدَاتٌ (Msb.) Ex.

لَاقَى فُلَانٌ نَجْدَةً Such a one experienced difficulty, distress, trouble, or adversity. (Lh, S, L.) b6: See also a saying of Sakhr-el-Ghei, and a citation from a trad., voce رِسْلٌ. b7: نَجْدَةٌ Aid; assistance. (Msb.) b8: هُوَ ابْنُ نَجْدَتِهَا (tropical:) He is ignorant thereof: contr. of هو ابن بَجْدَتِهَا. By نجدة is meant an allusion to Nejdeh El-Harooree. (A.) See نَجَدٌ.

نِجْدَةٌ, with kesr, Trial, or affliction, (بَلَاءٌ) [experienced] in wars. (Esh-Shiháb [El-Khafájee] and TA.) النَّجْدِيَّةُ: see نَجَدٌ.

نِجَادٌ The suspensory cords or strings of a sword: (S, K:) or the part thereof that lies upon the shoulder. (L.) b2: طَوِيلُ النِّجَادِ [lit., Having long suspensory cords or strings to his sword,] means (tropical:) a man of tall stature: for when a man is tall his نجاد must be long. (L.) نَجُودٌ, applied to a she-ass, and to a she-camel, Long-necked: (L, K:) or, so applied, (K,) or specially to a she-ass, (L,) or to a wild she-ass, (S,) that does not become pregnant: (S, L, K:) but Sh says, that this meaning is disapproved; and that the correct meaning is tall, applied to a she-ass: (L:) or tall; overpeering: (S, L:) or high and great: from نَجْدٌ [signifying “ high or elevated land ”]: (As, L:) pl. نُجُدٌ. (S, L, K.) b2: Also, applied to a she-camel, Sharp; spirited; vigorous: (L, K:) a correct meaning thus applied: (Sh:) or strong: (R:) one that precedes, or outgoes, others: (L, K:) or strong in spirit: (L:) pl. as above. (K.) b3: Also, so applied, Abounding with milk: (L, K:) and, that vies with the other camels in abundance of milk, (L, K,) and surpasses them therein, (L,) or yields abundance when they have little: (K:) [but for إِذَا غَزُرْنَ, in the copies of the K in my hands, meaning “ when they yield abundance of milk,”

I read اذا غَرَزْنَ:] pl. as above. (K.) b4: Also, so applied, That lies down upon a high, or elevated, place: (K:) or that will not lie down save upon high ground: (L:) pl. as above. (K.) b5: Also, An intelligent woman; sharp, or quick, in intellect: (K:) possessing judgment; as though she exerted her judgment in affairs: a strange meaning in which the word is used in a trad.: (Sh, L:) pl. as above. (K.) b6: See مَنْجُودٌ, and مُنَاجِدٌ.

A2: نَجُودٌ One who works in shaking and spreading and stuffing and arranging [those articles of household furniture which are called] نُجُود [pl. of نَجْدٌ]. (M, L.) See also نَجَّادٌ.

نَجِيدٌ: see نَجِدٌ, and مُنْجُودٌ.

نَجَّادٌ One who manufactures (يُعَالِج) beds and the like, and pillows; and sews them: (S, L, K:) [and, accord. to present usage, who teases, separates, or loosens, cotton, for stuffing beds &c., with the bow and mallet: as also ↓ مُنَجِّدٌ:] one who ornaments, or decorates, houses, and beds and the like, and carpets. (AHeyth, L.) See also نَجُودٌ.

نَاجِدٌ and ↓ مَنْجُودٌ Stupid, dull, wanting in intelligence; not penetrating, sharp, vigorous, or effective, in the performing of affairs; soft, without strength, or sturdiness, and without endurance: and weary, or fatigued. (TA.) b2: See نَجِدٌ.

نَاجِدَةٌ, sing. of نَوَاجِدُ (L,) which signifies Streaks of fat (L, K) upon the shoulders of a camel: occurring in a trad.: so called because of their elevation. (L.) نَاجُودٌ Wine: (As, L, K:) or excellent wine: or the first wine that comes forth when the clay is removed from the mouth of the jar: (As, L:) of the masc. gender. (L.) b2: A wine-vessel: (K:) any vessel into which wine is put, (A 'Obeyd, S, K, *) such as a بَاطِيَة, (L,) or a جَفْنَة &c.: (A 'Obeyd, S, L:) or a wine-cup, or a cup of wine; syn. كَأْسٌ: (L:) or a vessel in which wine is cleared; (A;) a clarifier, or strainer for wine; syn. رَاوُوقٌ; (Lth, L;) which last is the meaning that most assign to the word. (TA.) b3: Saffron. (As, L, K.) b4: Blood. (As, L, K.) مِنْجَدٌ A small mountain (K, [in the CK, for جُبَيْل is put حُبَيْل,]) overlooking a valley. (TA.) b2: مِنْجَدٌ A kind of ornament, (L, K,) worn by women, (L,) adorned with gems, or jewels, (L, K,) one over another: (L:) a necklace of pearls and gold, or of cloves, a span in breadth, extending from the neck to the part beneath the breasts, and lying upon the place of the نِجَاد; (L, K;) i. e. of the نجاد of a man's sword: from نَجَّدَ البَيْتَ: (L:) pl. مَنَاجِدُ. (L, K.) مِنْجَدَةٌ A light staff or stick with which a beast of carriage is urged on. (K.) b2: A stick, or wooden instrument, with which wool is teased, or separated, i. q. مِنْدَفٌ (?) (TA,) and with which the حَقِيبَة of a camel's saddle is stuffed. (K, TA.) مِنْجَادٌ A man who aids, or assists, much or well. (Lh, L.) مَنْجُودٌ Overcome; conquered; subdued; overpowered: and fatigued. (L.) b2: مَنْجُودٌ and ↓ نَجِيدٌ (and ↓ نَجُودٌ applied to a female, R,) Afflicted, distressed, or oppressed, by sorrow, grief or anxiety. (S, L, K.) See also نَجِدٌ. b3: مُنْجُودٌ In a state of perishing or destruction. (L, K.) b4: See نَاجِدٌ.

مُنَجَّدٌ, as also مُنَجَّذٌ, (S, L,) which latter is the more approved, (L,) A man tried and strengthened by experience; expert, or experienced; (S, L, K;) who has had experience in affairs, and has estimated and understood them, and become well informed. (L.) مُنَجِّدٌ: see نَجَّادٌ.

مُنَاجِدٌ A fighter; a combatant. (S, L, K.) b2: An aider; an assistant; (K;) [and so, app., ↓ نَجْدٌ and ↓ نَجْدَةٌ and ↓ نَجُودٌ, mentioned in the A].