مسك

1 يُمْسِكُ الرَّمَقَ : see art. رمق.2 مَسَّكَ بِالنَّارِ : see ثقّب.4 أَمْسَكَ He retained; he withheld. (Msb.) b2: He maintained: he was tenacious, or niggardly. b3: He, or it, held fast a thing: and arrested it. b4: أَمْسَكَهُ He held, retained, detained, restrained, stayed, confined, imprisoned, or withheld, him. (K.) b5: أَمْسَكَ عَنِ الأَمْرِ He held, refrained, or abstained, from the thing. (Msb.) b6: أَمْسَكَهُ He grasped it, clutched it, laid hold upon it; or seized it, (بِيَدِهِ (قَبَضَ عَلَيْهِ with his hand: (Msb:) or he took it; or took it with his hand, (أَخَذَهُ,) namely, a rope, &c.: (Mgh:) or he held, or clung, to it: (TA:) [as also تَمَسكَ ↓ بِهِ]. Also, أَمْسَكَ بِهِ signifies [the same; or] he laid hold upon, or seized, somewhat of his body, or what might detain him, as an arm or a hand, or a garment, and the like: but أَمْسَقَهُ may signify he withheld him, or restrained him, from acting according to his own free will. (Mugh, art. بِ.) b7: أَمْسَكَ بَطْنَهُ [It bound, or confined, his belly (or bowels)]: said of medicine. (S, O, Msb, K; all in art. عقل.) b8: الإِمْسَاك, in relation to تَحْجِيل: see an unusual application of it in art. طلق, conj. 4.5 تَمَسَّكَ see 4 and 8. b2: تَمَسَّكَ بِحَبْلِهِ He held fast by his covenant: see أَعْصَمَ.6 تَمَاسَكَ He withheld, or restrained, himself: (PS:) he was able, or powerful; as also تَمَالَكَ, q. v. (KL.) b2: مَا تَمَاسَكَ أَنْ فَعَلَ كَذَا He could not restrain himself from doing so; syn. مَا تَمَالكَ. (S.) b3: تَمَاسَكَ It held together. b4: إِنَّهُ لَذُو تَمَاسُكٍ (assumed tropical:) Verily he possesses intelligence. (TA.) and مَابِهِ تَمَاسُكٌ (tropical:) There is no good in him. (TA.) See مُسْكَةٌ.8 اِمْتَسَكَ بِهِ He clutched, or griped, him, or it; i. q. بِهِ ↓ تَمَسَّكَ. (MA.) 10 اِسْتَمْسَكَ البَطْنُ [The belly (or bowels) became bound, or confined]. (TA in art. عقل.) b2: اِسْتَمْسَكَ بِهِ [sometimes] He sought to lay hold upon it. (Bd, in ii. 257.) b3: اِسْتَمْسَكَ: see an ex. voce صِرْعَةٌ.

مِسْكٌ [Musk: it is obtained from the muskdeer, moschus moschiferus; being found in the male animal, in a vesicle near the navel and prepuce.] It is masc. and fem. (IAmb, TA voce ذَكِىٌّ.) مَسَكٌ Tortoise-shell; syn. ذَبْلٌ: (K:) bracelets made of tortoise-shell (ذَبْلٌ), or of عاج [ivory]: (S, Msb:) bracelets and anklets made of horn and of عاج: n. un. with مُسْكَةٌ. (K.) مُسْكَةٌ Intelligence: (Msb:) or full intelligence, (K, TA,) and judgment; judgment and intel-ligence to which one has recourse; as also مُسْكٌ, not ↓ مَسِيكٌ, as in the K; (TA;) i. q. تَمَاسُكٌ. (Mgh.) You say, لَيْسَ لَهُ مُسْكَةٌ He has no intel-ligence. (Msb.) b2: لَيْسَ بِهِ مُسْكَةٌ He has no strength. (Msb.) مُسْكَانٌ : see art. سكن.

مِسَاكٌ or مَسَاكٌ A kind of needles: see مِدَادٌ.

مَسِيكٌ : see مُسْكَةٌ.

مَسَّاكاتٌ [in the CK, art. روض, written مُسّاكات,] Places, in land, or in the ground, to which the rain-water flows, and which retain it. (TA.) See ضَابِطَةٌ.

مُمْسَكٌ , said of a horse, white on both fore and kind leg on the same side: see مُحَجَّلٌ.

مُتَمَاسِكٌ Compact in the limbs, (TA in art. بدن,) or flesh. (TA in this art.)

نوح

1 نَاحَتِ المَرْأَةُ, aor. ـُ inf. n. نَوْحٌ and نِيَاحٌ (S, K) and نُوَاحٌ, (L, K,) or this is a simple subst., (Msb,) and نِيَاحَةٌ, (A, L, K,) or this also is a simple subst., (S, Msb, [and as such it is also mentioned in the K,]) and مَنَاحٌ (K) and مَنَاحَةٌ, (L,) [The woman wailed]. You say نَاحَتْ عَلَى

المَيِّتِ, (Msb,) and عَلَى زَوْجِهَا, and نَاحَتْهُ, (L, K,) but ناحت عَلَيْهِ is preferred, (TA,) [She wailed for, or bewailed, the dead, and, her husband]. Also, نَاحَ على الميّت. (A.) نَاحَ and ↓ استناح are syn. (L, K.) [In the S it is implied that it is tropical: see نَائِحَة: but in the A it is said to be proper.] b2: نَاحَتِ الحَمَامَةُ, (L,) inf. n. نَوْحٌ, (L, K,) The pigeon cooed (L, K) in a plaintive or wailing manner. (L.) Some say that this is tropical; but most, that it is proper. (MF.) b3: الطَّيْرُ تَنُوحُ [The birds warble plaintively.] (A.) 3 ناوح بَعْضُهَا بَعْضًا One of them was opposite to, or faced, another. Said of mountains, and in like manner of winds. (S, L.) 5 تنوّح It (a thing) moved about, hanging down; it dangled. (S, K.) 6 الطَّيْرُ تَتَنَاوَحُ [The birds warble plaintively, one to another]. (A.) See an ?? in art. فوح, conj. 6. b2: تناوحتِ الرِّيَاحُ The winds blew violently [as is generally the case when they blow from opposite directions]. (TA.) See an ex. voce سهو. b3: تناوحا They two were opposite, one to the other; they faced each other. (S, K.) You say so of two mountains, and of two winds. (S, L.) 10 إِسْتَنْوَحَ see 1. b2: استناح He (a wolf) howled, (L, K,) and was listened to and followed by other wolves. (L.) b3: He (a man) wept and induced another, or others, to weep: (K:) or he wept so as to induce another, or others, to weep. (L.) نَوْحٌ: see نَائِحَةٌ.

نَوْحَةٌ and ↓ نَيْحَةٌ Strength; force. (L.) نَيْحَةٌ: see نَوْحَةٌ.

نُوَاحٌ: see نِيَاحَةٌ.

نِيَاحَةٌ (S, Msb, K) and ↓ نُوَاحٌ (Msb) substs. from نَاحَتِ المَرْأَةُ, q. v. [A wailing, or bewailing a dead person].

نُوَّحٌ: see نَائِحَةٌ.

نَيِّحَةُ رِيحٍ أُخْرَى A counterwind, or wind which is the opposite, of another wind. (S, A. L.) One that blows transversely with respect to another is called the نَسِيجَة of the latter. (S, L.) نَوَّاحَةٌ: see نائِحَةٌ.

النَّوَاحِى: see نَائِحَةٌ.

نَائِحَةٌ [A wailing woman]: (Msb:) pl. نَوَائِحُ and نَائِحَاتٌ: and you also say ↓ نِسَآءٌ نَوْحٌ, and أَنْوَاحٌ, and ↓ نُوَّحٌ: (S, K:) نَوَائِحُ is an epithet applied to women who assemble in a مَنَاحَة: and ↓ مَنَاحَةٌ (also) and ↓ نَوْحٌ signify women who assemble together for the purpose of mourning. (L.) نَوَائِحُ are so called from التَّنَاوُح, signifying “ the being opposite, one to another: ” (S:) [if so, it is app. a tropical term: but accord. to the A, التناوح, as above explained, is tropical]. Also

↓ نَوَّاحَةٌ [A woman who wails much, or frequently; who is in the habit of wailing: a professional wailing woman]. Ex. هِىَ نَوَّاحَةُ بَنِى

فُلَانٍ [She is the professional wailing woman of the sons of such a one]. (A.) b2: حَمَامَةٌ نَائِحَةٌ. and ↓ نَوَّاحَةٌ, A pigeon that cooes in a plaintive or wailing manner. (L.) b3: نَوَائِحُ also signifies Standards, or ensigns, opposite one to another, in battle. (L.) b4: Also, Swords. In this sense, it occurs written ↓ النَّوَاحِى, by transposition. (Ks, L.) مَنَاحَةٌ A place of نَوْح [or wailing for a dead person]: (Msb:) pl. مَنَاحَاتٌ and مَنَاوِحُ. (A, L.) Ex. كُنَّا فِى مَنَاحَةِ فُلَانٍ [We were in the place of wailing of, or for, such a one]. (S, K.) b2: See نَائِحَةٌ.

الرِّيَاحُ المُتَنَاوِحَةُ The winds called النُّكْبُ: [see نَكْبَآءُ:] so called because they are opposite, one to another: they blow in times of drought, when rains are scanty, and when the air is dry, and the cold severe. (L.)

نجر

نَجَرَ, (S, A, Msb,) aor. ـُ (S, Msb,) inf. n. نَجْرٌ, (S, A, Msb, K,) He worked wood as a carpenter; cut or hewed it; formed or fashioned it by cutting; cut it out; hewed it out; shaped it out; syn. نَحَتَ; (Lth, S, A, K;) or, as some say, قَطَعَ. (TA.) A2: نَجَرَتْ, (TA,) [aor. as above, accord. to the rule of the K,] inf. n. نَجْرٌ, (K,) She (a woman) made, or prepared, the kind of food called نَجِيرَة, (K, * TA,) for her children, and her pastors. (TA.) نَجْرٌ (assumed tropical:) The shape, or form, of a man [or beast]; his appearance, or external state or condition: (TA:) (assumed tropical:) species; distinctive quality or property; syn. لَوْنٌ; as also ↓ نِجَارٌ and ↓ نُجَارٌ: (S, TA:) (tropical:) nature; natural or native disposition or temper or other quality or property; (A, TA;) of a man [&c.]; as also ↓ نِجَارٌ or ↓ نُجَارٌ: (A [in my copy of the A written erroneously نَجَارٌ:]) his place of growth; as also نجار: (A:) origin; syn. أَصْلٌ; as also ↓ نِجَارٌ and نُجَارٌ: (S, * K:) grounds of pretension to respect; rank or quality, nobility, honourableness, or estimableness; syn. ↓ حَسَبٌ; (S, * TA;) as also ↓ نِجَارٌ (S, * Msb, TA) and ↓ نُجَارٌ: (S, TA:) generosity of mind or spirit (A.) It is said in the prov., ↓ كُلٌّ نِجَارِ إِبِلٍ نِجَارُهَا وَنَارُ إِبْلِ العَالَمِينَ نَارُهَا Every species of camels is their species: (S:) or every origin &c.: (K:) [and every mark of the camels of the various peoples of the world is their mark: (the latter hemistich is omitted in the S, K, but inserted in the TA:)] the camels here mentioned by the poet were stolen from among a variety of camels, and comprised every species [with every mark]. (TA.) The proverb is applied to him who confounds things; (S;) and means, he has in him every sort of disposition, and has no opinion in which he is settled. (A 'Obeyd, S, K.) [See Freytag's Arab. Prov., ii. 317. See also نَارٌ.]

نَجْرَانٌ The piece of wood in which is the foot of a door: (K:) or the piece of wood upon which the foot of a door turns: (S:) or the foot of a door, upon which it turns: (A:) or the دَرْوَنْد [a Persian word signifying a bolt, and a hook,] of a door. (IAar, TA.) [Chald. נַנְרָא vectis, pessulus: (Golius:) which suggests that the original signification may be that assigned by IAar: but the first and second and third are alone agreeable with the following verse.] AO, cites this ex.: صَبَبْتُ المَآءَ فِى النَّجْرَانِ حَتَّى

تَرَكْتُ البَابَ لَيْسَ لَهُ صَرِيرُ [I poured water into, or upon, the نجران, so that I made the door to have no creaking]. (S.) نُجَارٌ and نِجَارٌ: see نَجْرٌ, throughout.

نُجَارَةٌ [Cuttings, chips, parings, shavings, or the like, of wood;] what is cut, or hewn, (K, TA,) from wood, (TA,) when it is worked by the carpenter. (TA.) نِجَارَةٌ The art of carpentry. (Msb, K.) نَجِيرَةٌ Milk mixed with flour: or with clarified butter: (K:) or, accord. to Abu-l-Ghamr ElKilábee, fresh milk to which clarified butter is added. (S.) See حَرِيرَةٌ.

نَجَّارٌ A carpenter. (S, A, Msb, K.) أَنْجَرٌ The anchor of a ship, (A, K,) composed of pieces of wood, (K, TA,) which are put with their heads in contrary directions, and the middles of which are bound together in one place, after which, (TA,) molten lead is poured between them, so that they become like a rock; (K, TA;) the heads of the pieces of wood project, and to these are tied ropes; then it is lowered in the water, (TA,) and when it becomes fast, the ship becomes fast: (K, TA:) it is a Persian word, (TA,) arabicized, from لَنْكَرْ: (K, TA:) [or from the Greek ἄγκυρα:] accord. to the T, a word of the dial. of El-'Irák. (TA.) You say هُوَ أَثْقَلُ مِنْ أَنْجَرٍ He is heavier than an anchor. (A.) إِنْجَارٌ: see إِجَّارٌ.

مَنْجُورٌ Wood worked, cut, hewed, formed, or fashioned by the carpenter. (A.)

نظر

1 نَظَرَ إِلَيْهِ, (S, M, A, Msb, K,) and نَظَرَهُ, (M, A, Msb, K,) aor. ـُ (M, A, &c.,) and أَنْطُورٌ is substituted for أَنْظُرُ in the dial. of certain Arabs, (IDrd, TS, K,) or, accord. to Lb, in the Bughyetel-Ámál, the و is here added only [by poetic license,] to make the sound of the dammeh full, agreeably with other instances; (TA;) and نَظِرَ إِلَيْهِ, and نَظِرَهُ, aor. ـَ (A, K,) the verb being like سَمِعَ accord. to the correct copies of the K, [and so in the A,] but in one copy of the K, like ضَرَبَ; (TA;) inf. n. نَظَرٌ, (S, M, A, Msb, K,) and نَظْرٌ is allowable, as a contraction of the former, (Lth,) and نَظَرَانٌ (S, K,) and مَنْظَرٌ (M, A, K) and مَنْظَرَةٌ and تَنْظارٌ, (M, K,) [which last is an intensive form; He looked at, or towards, in order to see, him, or it;] he considered, or viewed, him or it with his eye; (S, A, K;) with the sight of the eye; (Msb;) [i. e. looked at him or it;] as also ↓ تنظّرهُ: (K:) and ↓ انتظرهُ signifies the same as تنظّرهُ and نَظَرَهُ [but app. in another sense, to be mentioned below, and not in the sense explained above, though the latter is implied in the TA; and the same may be meant when it is said that ↓ تنظّر is syn. with نَظَرَ, if this assertion, which I find in the M, have been copied without consideration, and be not confirmed by an example]: (TA:) or نَظَرَ إِلَيْهِ signifies he extended, or stretched, or raised, [or directed,] his sight towards him or it, whether he saw him or did not see him. (TA.) The usage of النَّظَرٌ as relating to the sight is most common with the vulgar, but not with persons of distinction, who use it more in another sense, to be explained below. (TA.) You say, نَظَرَ إِلَيْهِ نَظْرَةً حُلْوَةً [He looked at him, or towards him, with one sweet look.] (A.) And نَظَرَ فِى المِنْظَارِ [He looked in the mirror]. (A.) And نَظَرَ فِى الكِتَابِ [He looked into, or inspected, the writing or book], (A, Msb,) which is for نَظَرَ المَكْتُوبَ فِى الكِتَابِ [he looked at what was written in the writing or book], or has a different meaning to be explained below. (Msb.) And هُوَ يَنْظُرُ حَوْلَهُ [lit., He looks around him; meaning,] he looks much. (A.) [See also نَظَرٌ below.] b2: نَظَرَتِ الأَرْضُ, (Sgh, K,) and نَظَرَتِ الأَرْضُ بِعَيْنٍ, and بِعَيْنَيْنِ, (A,) (tropical:) The earth, or land, showed (A, Sgh, K) to the eye (Sgh, K) its plants or herbage. (A, Sgh, K.) b3: نَظَرَ إِلَيْهِ (tropical:) It looked towards, meaning faced, him or it. So in the Kur, [vii. 197,] وَتَرَاهُمْ يَنْظُرُونَ إِلَيْكَ وَهُمْ لَا يُبْصِرُونَ (tropical:) Thou seest them look towards thee, i. e., face thee, but they see not; referring to idols, accord. to A'Obeyd. (TA.) And you say, دَارِى يَنْظُرُ إِلَى دَارِ فُلَانٍ (tropical:) My house faces the house of such a one. (S.) And نَظَرَ إِلَيْكَ الجَبَلُ (tropical:) The mountain faced thee:(A:) as in the following ex.: إِذَا أَخَذْتَ فِى طَرِيقِ كَذَا فَنَظَرَ إِلَيْكَ الجَبَلُ فَخُذْ عَنْ يَمِينِهِ أَوْيَسَارِهِ (tropical:) [When thou takest such a road, and the mountain faces thee, then take thou the way by the right of it or the left of it.] (S.) b4: [Hence, perhaps,] نَظَرَ الدَّهْرُ إِلَى بَنِى فُلَانٍ فَأَهْلَكَهُمْ [app. meaning, (assumed tropical:) Fortune opposed the sons of such a one and destroyed them]: (S [immediately following there the ex. which immediately precedes it here:]) or نَظَرَ إِلَيْهِمُ الدَّهْرُ signifies (tropical:) Fortune destroyed them: (M, A:) but (says ISd) I am not certain of this. (M.) b5: النَّظَرُ also signifies (assumed tropical:) The turning the mind in various directions in order to perceive a thing [mentally], and the seeing a thing: and sometimes it means (assumed tropical:) the considering and investigating: [and as a subst., speculation, or intellectual examination:] and sometimes, (assumed tropical:) the knowledge that results from [speculation or] investigation. (El-Basáïr.) It is mostly used as relating to the intellect by persons of distinction; and as relating to the sight, most commonly by the vulgar. (TA.) [It is said that] when you say نَظَرْتُ إِلَيْهِ, it means only [I looked at, or towards, him or it] with the eye: but when you say نَظَرْتُ فِى الأَمْرِ, it may mean [(assumed tropical:) I looked into, inspected, examined, or investigated, the thing or affair] by thought and consideration, intellectually, or with the mind: (TA:) [this remark, however, is not altogether correct, as may be seen from what follows: the truth seems to be, that نَظَرَهُ and نَظَرَإِلَيْهِ may be used in the latter of these two senses, though نَظَرَ فِيهِ is most common in this sense.] It is said in the Kur, [x. 101,] قُلِ انْظُرُوا مَا ذَا فِى السَّمٰوَاتِ (assumed tropical:) Say, Consider ye what is in the heavens. (TA.) And you say, نَظَرَ إِلَيْهِ He saw it, and (assumed tropical:) thought upon it, and endeavoured to understand it, or to know its result. (TA.) [And He looked to it, or at it, or examined it, intellectually; regarded it; had a view to it.] And نَظَرَ فِيهِ (assumed tropical:) He considered it: (TA:) or thought upon it; namely a writing or book; or when such is the object it may have another meaning, explained before; and an affair: and with this is held to accord the saying وَفِيهِ نَظَرٌ, q. v. infrà, voce نَظَرٌ: (Msb:) and (tropical:) he though upon it, measuring it, or comparing it. (M, K, TK. In the M and K, only the inf. n., نَظَرَ فِى أَمْوَالِ الأَيْتَامِ, of the verb in this sense is mentioned.) And فَنَطَرَ نَظْرَةً فِى النُّجُومِ (assumed tropical:) He considered, or examined, [or estimated,] the possessions of the orphans, in order to know them. (Msb.) And similar to this is the phrase [in the Kur, xxxvii. 86,] النَّظَرُ, meaning, (assumed tropical:) and he examined the science of the stars: (Msb:) [or he took a mental view of the stars, as if to divine from them.] الاِعْتِبَارُ when used unrestrictedly by those who treat of scholastic theology means الاِعْتِبَارُ [(assumed tropical:) The thinking upon a thing, and endeavouring to understand it, or to know its result; or judging of what is hidden from what is apparent; or reasoning from analogy]. (MF.) b6: نَظَرَ بَيْنَهُمْ, inf. n. نَظَرٌ, [app. for نَظَرَ فِى مَا بَيْنَهُمْ,] (assumed tropical:) He judged between them. (K.) b7: نَظَرَتْ, (TA,) inf. n. نَظَرٌ, (assumed tropical:) She practised divination; (K, * TA;) which is a kind of examination with insight and skill. (TA, from a trad.) b8: أُنْظُرْ لِى فُلَانًا (tropical:) [look thou out for such a one for me;] seek thou for me such a one. (A, TA.) b9: أُنْظُرْنِى (assumed tropical:) Listen thou to me. (M, K, TA [in the CK, erroneously, أُنْطِرْنِى.]) The verb [says ISd] has this meaning in the Kur, ii. 98. (M.) b10: أَنَا أَنْظُرُ إِلَى اللّٰهِ ثُمَّ إِلَيْكَ [lit., I look to God, then to thee; meaning,] (tropical:) I look for the bounty of God, then for thy bounty. (A.) b11: نَظَرَ اللّٰهُ إِلَيْهِ (tropical:) God chose him, and compassionated him, pitied him, or regarded him with mercy; because looking at another is indicative of love, and not doing so is indicative of hatred: (IAth:) or (assumed tropical:) God bestowed benefits upon him; poured blessings, or favours, upon him: (El-Basáïr:) and نَظَرَ لَهُمْ (tropical:) he compassionated them, and aided them; (Sgh, K;) and simply, he aided them: (K, * TA:) and نَظَرَ لَهُ (assumed tropical:) he accomplished his want, or that which he (another) wanted. (Msb.) A2: نَظَرَهُ is also syn. with ↓ إِتْنَظَرَهُ, q. v. b2: Also syn. with أَنْظَرَهُ, q. v. b3: Also نَظَرَهُ, (K, TA,) inf. n. نَظْرٌ; (TA;) or ↓ نَظَّرَهُ; (so in a copy of the M, and in the CK; but from the mention of the inf. n. in the TA, the former seems to be the right reading;) He sold it (a thing, M) with postponement of the payment; he sold it upon credit. (M, * K, * TA.) See also 4. b4: [In these last three acceptations, accord. to the A, the verb is used properly, not tropically.]

A3: نُظِرَ He was, or became, affected by what is termed a نَظْرَة; (K, TA;) i. e., a stroke of an [evil] eye; (TA;) [or of an evil eye cast by a jinnee;] or a touch, or slight taint of insanity, from the jinn; (K;) or a swoon. (K, TA.) 2 نَظَّرَ see 1, last signification but one. b2: نظّر فِيهِ [He said of it فِيهِ نَظَرٌ, q. v.]. (TA passim.) 3 نَاظَرَهُ فِى أَمْرٍ, inf. n. مُنَاظَرَةٌ, (T, S, *) (tropical:) He considered, or examined, or investigated, with him a thing or an affair, to see how they should do it: (T, TA:) he investigated, or examined, with him a thing, and emulated him, or vied with him, in doing so, each of them adducing his opinion: (TA:) [he held a discussion with him respecting a thing:] or نَاظَرَهُ is syn. with جَادَلَهُ: (Msb:) or مناظرة signifies the examining mentally, or investigating, by two parties, the relation between two things, in order to evince the truth; (KT; and Kull, p. 342;) and sometimes with one's self; but مجادلة signifies the disputing respecting a question of science for the purpose of convincing the opponent, whether what he says be wrong in itself or not. (Kull.) b2: Also ناظرهُ [(tropical:) He, or it, looked towards, or faced, him, or it; was opposite, or corresponded, to him or it. (See نَظِيرٌ.)] b3: (tropical:) He was, or became, like him: (A, K:) or like him in discourse or dialogue. (TA.) b4: جَيْشٌ يُنَاظِرُ أَلْفًا (tropical:) An army that is nearly equal to a thousand. (A.) b5: نَاظَرَ فُلَانًا بِفُلَانٍ (tropical:) He made, or called, such a one like such a one. (K.) Hence the saying of Ez-Zuhree, (K,) Mohammad Ibn-Shiháb, (TA,) لَا تُنَاظِرْ بِكِتَابِ اللّٰهِ وَلَا بِكَلَامِ رَسُولِ اللّٰهِ, i. e., Thou shalt not call anything like the book of God, nor like the words of the apostle of God: (A'Obeyd, T, K:) or thou shalt not compare anything, nor call anything like, to the book of God, &c.: (A,) or thou shalt not apply [aught of] the book of God, nor the words of the apostle of God, as a proverb to a thing that happens: (A'Obeyd, T, K; in which last, we read لِشَىْءٍ لِغَرَضٍ, in the place of the right reading, لِشَىْءٍ يَعْرِضُ: TA:) for, as Ibráheem En-Nakha'ee says, they used to dislike the mentioning a verse of the Kur-án on the occasion of anything happening, of worldly events; (T;) as a person's saying to one who has come at a time desired by the former, (TA,) or to one named Moosà, who has come at a time desired, (K,) جِئْتَ عَلَى قَدَرٍ يَا مُوسَى [Thou hast come at a time appointed, O Moosà: (Kur, xx. 42:)] (T, K:) and the like: (T:) but the first explanation is the most probable (TA, as from Az; but I do not find it in the T) 4 أُنْظِرَ بِهِ (tropical:) [He, or it, was made like]. Yousay, مَا كَانَ هٰذَا نَظِيرًا لِهٰذَا وَلَقَدْ أُنْظِرَ بِهِ (tropical:) [This was not like this, but has been made like]. (T, K:) like as you say, مَا كَانَ خَظِيرًا لَهُ وَلَقَدْ

أُخْطِرَ بِهِ. (T.) A2: انظرهُ He postponed him; delayed him: (M, A, Msb, K:) he granted him a delay or respite; let him alone, or left him, for a while: (T, TA:) as, for instance, a debtor, (T, Msb, TA,) and a man in difficult circumstances: (TA:) and ↓ نَظَرَهُ signifies the same. (Msb.) You say, بِعْتُهُ شَيْئًا فَأَنْظَرْتُهُ I sold to him a thing, and granted him a delay. (T.) And a person speaking says to him who hurries him, أَنْظِرْنى أَبْتَلِعْ رِيقِى Grant me time to swallow my spittle. (T.) And it is said in the Kur, [xv. 36 and xxxviii. 80,] فَأَنْظِرْنِى إِلَى يَوْمِ يُبْعَثُونَ Then delay me until the day when they shall be raised from the dead. (TA.) See also 8. b2: He sold to him a thing with postponement of the payment; he sold to him a thing upon credit. (M.) See also 1 last signification but one.5 تَنَظَّرَ see 1, first signification.

A2: See also 8.6 تناظرا (tropical:) They faced each other. (K.) You say, تناظرت الدَّارَانِ (tropical:) The two houses faced each other. (M.) And دُورُنَا تَنَاظَرُ, (S,) or تَتَنَاظَرُ, [which is the original form,] (A,) (tropical:) Our houses faced one another. (S, A.) b2: See also تَرَاوَضَا.8 انتظره: see 1, first sentence.

A2: He looked for him; expected him; awaited him; waited for him; watched for his presence; syn. اِرْتَقَبَ حُضُورَهُ; (TA;) and تَأَنَّى عَلَيْهِ; (M, K;) and ↓ نَظَرَهُ (aor. ـُ T &c., inf. n. نَظَرٌ S, K) signifies the same; (T, M, A, Msb, K;) and so ↓ تنظرّهُ, (M, A, K,) and ↓ أَنْظَرَهُ; (Zj, TA;) [but respecting the last two, see what is said below:] but when you say انتظر without any objective complement, the meaning is, [he waited; or] he paused, and acted or behaved with deliberation, or in a patient, or leisurely, manner. (Lth, T.) It is said in the Kur, [lvii. 13,] اُنْظُرُونَا نَقْتبِسْ مِنْ نُورِكُمْ Wait for us (اِنْتَظِرُونَا) that me may take of your light: and accord. to Zj, أَنْظِرُونَا [which is another reading] is said to mean the same: or the latter means delay us: accord. to Fr, however, the Arabs say أَنْظِرْنِى meaning Wait thou for me (اِنْتَظِرْنِى) a little, (T.) ↓ التَّنَظُّرُ also signifies The expecting, or waiting for a thing: (TA:) or the expecting, or waiting for, a thing expected: (M, K, TA:) or ↓ تنظّرهُ signifies he expected, or waited for, (انتظر,) him, or it, leisurely, and so ↓ استنظرهُ. (S.) You say also, انتظر بِهِ خَيْرًا أَوْ شَرَّا (M, A, K, in art. ربص, in the last of which is added يَحُلٌّ بِهِ) [He looked for expected, awaited, or waited for, something good or evil to befall him, or betide him]10 استنظرهُ: see 8, last signification but one b2: He asked of him, or desired of him, a postponement, or delay. (M, A, K.) نِظْرٌ: see نَظِيرٌ.

A2: A man says to another, بَيْعٌ, [or perhaps بِيعٌ, like the word used in reply to it. here following and like خِطْبٌ and نِكْحٌ meaning, I sell and the other says, نِظْرٌ, meaning, Grant me a delay (أَنْظِرْنِى) that I may buy (أَشْتَرِى) of thee. (M, TA.) نَظَرٌ: see 1. [Used as a subst., as well as when used as an inf. n.,] it has no pl. (Sb, in TA, voce فِكْرٌ.) b2: ضَرَبْنَاهُمْ بِنَظَر, and مِنْ نَظَرِ, (tropical:) We saw them. (A, TA.) b3: بَيْنَنَا نَظَرٌ (tropical:) Between as is the extent of a look in expect of ?? (A, TA.) b4: حَىٌّ نَظَرٌ, (K, * TA,) and حَىٌّ جِلَالٌ وَنَظَرٌ, (S,) and حَىٌّ حِلَالٌ وَرِيَآءٌ وَنَظَرٌ, (A,) (tropical:) A tribe went together, (S, A, K, *) of which the several portions see one another. (S, A.) b5: وَفِيهِ نَظَرٌ (assumed tropical:) But it requires consideration, by reason of its want of clearness, or perspicuity: (Msb:) [a phrase used to imply doubt, and also to insinuate politely that the words to which it relates are false, or wrong:] like فِيهِ تَأَمُّلٌ. (MF, art. صفح.) b6: هُوَ بِخَيْرِ النَّظَريْنِ, said in a trad., of one who has purchased a ewe or she-goat that has been kept from being milked for some days; meaning, (assumed tropical:) He has the option of adopting the better of the two things; he may either retain it or return it. (TA.) نَظْرَةٌ A look: a quick look or glance: (T:) pl. نَظَرَاتٌ. (A.) Hence the trad., لَا تُتْبِعِ النَّطْرَةَ النَّظْرَةَ فَإِنَّ لَكَ الأُوْلَى وَلَيْسَتْ لَكَ الآخِرَةُ [Thou shalt not make a look to follow a look; for the former is thine or right, lad the latter is not thine: i. e., when thou hast once looked at anything forbidden, unintentionally, thou shalt not look at it a second time]. (T, TA.) And the saying of a certain wise man, مَنْ لَمْ تَعْمَلْ نَظْرَتُهُ لَمْ يَعْمَلْ لِسَانُهُ [He whose look does not produce an effect, his tongue does not produce an effect]; (T;) meaning, that he who is not restrained from a fault or offence by being looked at is not restrained by speech. (TA.) b2: A stroke of an [evil] eye: (TA:) a stroke of an [evil] eye by which one is affected from the jinn's looking at him; (T, S; *) as also سَفْعَةٌ: (T;) or a touch, or a slight taint or infection of insanity. (طَائِفٌ,) from the jinn: or a swoon. (M, K.) b3: An alteration of the body or complexion by emaciation or hunger or travel &c. (S, M, K.) b4: Foulness; ugliness: (AA, TA:) evilness; or badness, of form or appearance; a fault: a defect; an imperfection. (M, K.) b5: (assumed tropical:) Reverence, veneration, awe, or fear, (I Aar, T, K,) b6: (tropical:) Compassion, pity, merry. (I Aar, T, K,) نَظِرَةٌ A postponement; a delay. (T, S, M, Msb, K.) It is said in the Kur. [ii. 280.]

فَنَظرَةٌ إِلَى مَيْسَرَةٍ [Then let there be a postponement, or delay, until he shall be in an easy state of circumstances]; (T, M, Msb) a. c., فَإِنْظَارٌ, (T,) or فَتَأْخِيرٌ: (Msb) and accord. to another reading, ↓ فَنَاظِرَةٌ, like كَاذِبَةٌ, in the Kur, lvi. 2. (M.) You say also, بَاعَ مِنْهُ الشَّىْءَ بِنَظِرَةٍ He sold to him the thing with postponement of the payment, he sold to him the thing upon credit. (M.) and اِشْتَرَيْتُهُ مِنْهُ بِنَظِرَةٍ, and بِإِنْظَارٍ, I bought a of him with postponement of the payment; I bought a of him upon credit. (T.) نَظَرِىٌّ (assumed tropical:) [Speculative knowledge or science; such as is acquired by study;] that of which the origination rests upon speculation. and acquisition by study; as the conception of the intellect or mind, and the assent of the mind or the position, that the world has had a ??? (K, T.) [It is opposed to بَدِيهِىٌ and to صرورِىٌّ.]

سُمْعُنَّةٌ نُظْرُنَّةٌ, and vars. thereof, see in art. سمع.

نَظَارِ, like قَطَامِ, (S, K,) an imp. n., (T.) meaning, Wait thou: syn إِنْتَظِرْ. (T, S, K.) نَظُورٌ and ↓ نَظُورَةٌ and ↓ نَاظُورَةٌ and ↓ نُظِيرَةٌ A chief person, whether male or female, to whom one looks. (M, K.) You say, ↓ فُلَانٌ نَظِيرَةٌ قَوْمِهِ, and قَوْمِهِ ↓ نَظُورَةُ, Such a one is the person to whom his people look, (Fr, T, S,) and whom they imitate, or to whose example they conform. (Fr, T.) All these words are also used in a pl. sense: (M, K:) or [so in some copies of the K; but in others, and,] نظيرة and نظورة have نَظَائِرُ for their pl., (S, K,) sometimes. (K.) b2: Also, نَظُورٌ A man who neglects not to look at, (M, L, K,) or to consider, (A,) that which, (M, A, L,) or him who, (K,) disquiets him, or renders him solicitous. (M, A, L, K.) نَظِيرٌ (tropical:) Looking to, or facing, another person or thing; opposite or corresponding to another person or thing; as also ↓ مُنَاظِرٌ; syn. مُقَابِلٌ. (A.) [Hence, نَظِيرُ السَّمْتِ, and النَّظِيرُ, (tropical:) The nadir; the point opposite to the zenith.] نَظِيرُكَ signifies أَلَّذِى يُنَاظِرُكَ, (M,) or الذى تُنَاظِرُهُ وَيُنَاظِرُكَ, (T,) [which I suppose to mean (tropical:) He who looks towards, or faces, thee; who is opposite, or corresponds, to thee; or he towards whom thou lookest, &c., and who looks towards thee, &c.: though susceptible of other interpretations: see 3.] b2: (tropical:) Like; a like; a similar person or thing: (AO, T, S, M, A, K;) equal; an equal: (Msb:) applied to anything: (TA:) as also ↓ نِظْرٌ; (AO, S, K;) like نَدِيدٌ and نِدٌّ; (AO, S;) and ↓ مُنَاظِرٌ: (K:) fem. نَظِيرَةٌ: (T, M, A:) pl. masc., نُظَرَآءُ: (M, A, Msb, K:) and pl. fem. نَظَائِرُ, (T, A,) applied to words and to all things. (T.) You say, فُلَانٌ نَظِيرُكَ (tropical:) Such a one is thy like. (T.) And هٰذَا نَظِيرٌ لِهٰذَا, (T,) or نَظِيرُ هٰذَا, (Msb,) (tropical:) This is the like of this, (T,) or the equal of this. (Msb.) And عَدَدْتُ إِبِلَ فُلَانٍ نَظَائِرَ (tropical:) I counted, or numbered, the camels of such a one in pairs, or two by two; (As, T, K; *) if by looking at their aggregate, you say, عَدَدْتُهَا جَمَارًا. (As, T.) نَظُورَةٌ: see نَظُورٌ, in two places. b2: See also نَظِيرَةٌ.

نَظِيرَةٌ: see نَظُورٌ, in two places. b2: Also, A scout, or scouts; (T, Sgh, K;) and so ↓ نَظُورَةٌ: (Sgh, K:) pl. of both, نَظَائِرُ. (TA.) b3: Fem. of نَظِيرٌ, q. v. (T, &c.). [And hence,] النَّظَائِرُ [the pl.] The more excellent of men: (K, * TA:) because they resemble one another in dispositions and actions and sayings. (TA.) نَظَّارٌ (tropical:) A horse (A, K) that raises his eye by reason of his sharpness of spirit: (A:) or sharpspirited, and raising his eye. (T, K.) نَظَّارَةٌ A people looking at a thing; (S, K;) as also ↓ مَنْظَرَةٌ. (K.) b2: See also مِنْظَارٌ.

نَاظِرٌ act. part. n. of نَظَرَ; Looking; &c.: pl. نُظَّارٌ. (Msb.) b2: النَّاظِرُ [The pupil, or apple, of the eye, the smallest black of the eye, (S, Msb,) in which is [seen] what is termed إِنْسَانُ العَيْنِ, (S,) [and] with which the man sees; (Msb;) the black spot in the eye; (M, K;) the clear black spot that is in the middle of the [main] black of the eye, with which the looker sees what he sees: or that part of the eye which resembles a mirror, in which, when one faces it, he sees his person: (TA:) or a duct (عِرْق) in the nose, wherein is the water of sight: (M, K:) [app. a loose description of the optic nerve:] or the sight itself: (M, K:) or the eye: (K:) or the eye is called ↓ النَّاظِرَةُ; (S, A; *) the pl. of which is نَوَاظِرُ. (A.) b3: شَدِيدُ النَّاظِرِ, (so in a copy of the M and of the A and in some copies of the K,) or سَدِيدُ النَّاظِرِ, (so in some copies of the K and in the TA,) A man clear of suspicion, who looks with a full gaze: (M, K:) or clear of that with which he is upbraided. (A.) b4: النَّاظِرَانِ Two veins at the two edges of the nose, commencing from the inner angles of the eyes, towards the face. (Zj, in his Khalk el-Insán.) b5: Also, نَاظِرٌ (assumed tropical:) A guardian; a keeper; a watcher: (S, Msb:) and, as also ↓ نَاظُورٌ, i. q. نَاطُورٌ, (K, TA,) [which last is] a word of the Nabathean dialect. (TA.) b6: [The dim. is نُوَيْظِرٌ.] You say, عُيَيْنَتِى نُوَيْظِرَةٌ إِلَى اللّٰهِ ثُمَّ إِلَيْكُمْ (tropical:) My eye (lit. my little eye) is looking to God for His bounty, then to you for your bounty. (A.) A2: In the Kur, [lxxv. 23,] the words إِلَى رَبِّهَا نَاظِرَةٌ have been explained as signifying Waiting for (مُنْتَظِرَةٌ) their Lord: but this is a mistake; for the Arabs do not say نَطَرْتُ إِلَى الشَّىْءِ in the sense of إِنْتَظَرْتُهُ, but they say نَظَرْتُ فُلَانًا in that sense. (T.) نَاظِرَةٌ: see نَاظِرٌ.

A2: See also نَظِرَةٌ.

نَاظُورٌ: see نَاظِرٌ.

نَاظُورَةٌ: see نَظُورٌ.

أَنْظُورُ for أَنْظُرُ: see 1.

مَنْظَرٌ [A place in which a thing is looked at]: a place, or state, in which one likes to be looked at. (T, A, TA.) You say, فُلَانٌ فِى مَنْظَرٍ وَمَسْمَعٍ

وَفِى رِىٍّ ومَشْبَعٍ (tropical:) Such a one is in a state in which he likes to be looked at and listened to [and in a state in which he is satisfied with drink and food]. (T, A, TA.) And لَقَدْ كُنْتَ عَنْ هٰذَا المَقَامِ بِمَنْظَرٍ (tropical:) Thou wast in a state [in] which thou likedst [to be looked at], away from this place of abode. (T, TA.) b2: The aspect, or outward appearance, of a thing; opposite of مَخْبَرٌ: (S, art. خبر:) [when used absolutely, a pleasing, or goodly, aspect; or beauty of aspect; as also ↓ مَنْظَرَةٌ: this is implied by the usage of مَنْظَرَانِىٌّ, q. v., and is well known:] or what one looks at and is pleased by or displeased by; as also ↓ مَنْظَرَةٌ: (M, K:) or the former, a thing that pleases and rejoices the beholder when he looks at it: (T:) and the ↓ latter, the aspect (مَنْظَر) of a man when one looks at it and is pleased by it or displeased by it. (T, TA. *) You say, لَهُ مَنْظَرٌ حَسَنٌ [He has a goodly aspect]. (A.) And اِمْرَأَةٌ حَسَنَةُ المَنْظَرِ, and ↓ المَنْظَرَةِ, [A woman goodly of aspect.] (S.) And مَنْظَرُهُ خَيْرٌ مِنْ مَخْبَرِهِ [His aspect is better than his internal state]. (S.) And إِنَّهُ لَذُو مَنْظَرٍ بِلَا مَخْبَرٍ, (T,) and بَلَا مَخْبَرَةٍ ↓ ذُو مَنْظَرَةٍ, (A,) [Verily he has a pleasing aspect without a pleasing internal state.]

مَنْظَرَةٌ A high place on which a person is stationed to watch; (S;) a place on the top of a mountain, where a person observes and watches the enemy: (T:) and مَنَاظِرُ [the pl.] eminences; or elevated parts of the earth; or high grounds: (M, K:) because one looks from them. (M.) b2: Its application to A certain separate place of a house, [generally an apartment on the groundfloor overlooking the court, and also a turret, or rather a belvedere, and any building, or apartment, commanding a view,] is vulgar. (TA.) b3: See also نَظَّارَةٌ. b4: And see مَنْظَرٌ, in five places.

مَنْظَرِىٌّ: see what next follows.

مَنْظَرَانِىٌّ (S, M, A, K) and ↓ مَنْظَرِىٌّ, (M, K,) the latter contr. to analogy, (M,) A man (M,) of goodly aspect. (M, K.) You say, رَجُلٌ مَنْظَرَانِىٌّ مَخْبَرَانِىٌّ [A man of goodly aspect and of pleasing internal, or intrinsic, qualities]; (S, A;) i. e., ذُو مَنْظَرٍ and ذُو مَخْبَرٍ. (TA, art. خبر.) مِنْظَارٌ A mirror (A, K) in which the face is seen. (TA.) b2: Also, A telescope; a thing in which what is distant is seen [as though it were] near: vulgarly, ↓ نَظَّارَةٌ. (TA.) مَنْظُورٌ A man looked at with an evil eye: (A, TA;) affected by what is termed a نَظْرَة; (T, TA;) i. e., a stroke of an [evil] eye; [or of an evil eye cast by a jinnee; or a touch, or slight taint of insanity, from the jinn;] or a swoon. (TA.) b2: A person, (T,) or chief person, (A,) whose bounty is hoped for, (T, A,) and at whom eyes glance. (A.) b3: مَنْظُورَةٌ A woman in whom is a نَظْرَة, meaning, a fault, defect, or imperfection. (K, * TA.) مُنَاظِرٌ: see نَظِيرٌ.

نظف &c.

نهر

1 نَهَرَ, (S, Msb,) aor. ـَ (Msb,) It (water) ran upon, or along, the ground, (S, TA,) and made for itself a نَهْر [or channel like that of a river]. (S.) See also 10. b2: It (anything, as in one copy of the S, or anything copious, as in another copy of the S and in the TA) ran, or flowed; (S, TA;) as also ↓ استنهر, (S,) or ↓ انتهر. (TA.) b3: It (blood) flowed with force: (Msb:) and ↓ أَنْهَرَ it (blood) flowed (K, TA) like a river: (TA:) and the latter also, it (a vein) flowed and would not stop; (K, TA;) meaning, it flowed like a river; (TA;) as also ↓ انتهر: (Sgh, K, TA:) and ↓ انهر also signifies the same said of the belly; (TA;) or it (the belly) became loose, or relaxed; or it discharged itself; (JK;) as also ↓ انتهر. (JK, K.) A2: نَهَرَ, (S, K.) aor. ـَ (K,) inf. n. نَهْرٌ, (TA,) He (a man, S) dug a نَهْر [or channel for a river]: (S, TA:) he made a نَهْر [or river] to run, or flow. (K, TA.) A3: نَهرَ, inf. n. نَهْرٌ, He made an inroad or incursion, or inroads or incursions, into the territory or territories of enemies, in the day-time. (TA.) A4: نَهَرَهُ, (S, Mgh, Msb, K, &c.,) aor. ـَ inf. n. نَهْرٌ; (TA;) and ↓ انتهرهُ; (S, Mgh, Msb, K, &c.;) He chid him; he checked him, restrained him, or forbade him, with rough speech; syn. زَجَرَهُ, (Mgh, Msb, K, and so in a copy of the S,) or زَبَرَهُ, (as in another copy of the S,) بِكَلَامٍ غَلِيظٍ: (Mgh:) be addressed him with chiding speech, (JK, A,) forbidding him from doing evil. (JK. [in the TA, citing the last explanation from the T, عَنْ خَيْرٍ is erroneously put for عَنْ شَرٍّ.]) It is said in the Kur, [xciii. 10,] وَأَمَّا السَّائِلَ فَلَا تَنْهَرْ [And as for the beggar, thou shalt not chide him, or address him with rough speech]. And in a trad., مَنِ انْتَهَرَ صَاحِبَ بِدْعَةٍ مَلَأَ اللّٰهُ قَلْبَهُ أَمْنًا وِإِيمَانًا وَأَمَّنَهُ اللّٰهُ مِنَ الفَزَعِ الْأَكْبَر [Whoso chideth, or checketh with rough speech, the author of an innovation in religion, God will fill his heart with security and faith, and God will preserve him from the greatest terror]. (TA.) 4 انهر: see 1. in three places.

A2: (tropical:) He made blood to flow: (S:) or to appear and flow: (K:) or to flow amply and copiously: (Mgh:) or to flow with force: (Msb:) or he poured it forth copiously. (TA.) It is said in a trad., أَنْهِرِ الدَّمَ بِمَا شِئْتَ إِلَّا مَا كَانَ مِنْ سِنِّ أَوْ ظُفُرٍ [Make thou the blood to flow, &c., with what thou pleasest, except with what is made of a tooth or a talon.] (Mgh, Msb.) The issuing forth of the blood from the place of slaughter is likened to the flowing of water in a river. (TA.) b2: (assumed tropical:) He made it wide; (S, K;) namely, a spear-wound or the like, (S, TA,) or a نَهْر [or channel of a river], as is implied in the K, but in other lexicons as in the S. (TA.) A3: He was, or became, in day-time: (S, * K, * TA:) he entered upon day-time: (MS:) from النَّهَارُ. (S.) 8 إِنْتَهَرَ see 1, in five places.10 إِسْتَنْهَرَ see 1. b2: It (a river [in the CK النَّهْرَ is put by mistake for النَّهْرُ]) took a place, (JK,) or a settle place, (K,) for its channel. (JK, K.) b3: It (a thing) became wide. (S.) نَهْرٌ and ↓ نَهَرٌ (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K) A channel in which water runs: (A, K:) so most say: or the water itself [that runs therein; i. e., a river; a rivulet; a brook; a canal of running water]: (TA:) or a wide channel in which water runs: originally, the water [that runs therein]: (Mgh:) or properly, wide running water: and by a secondary application, which is tropical. (tropical:) the trench or channel [in which it runs]: (Msb, TA *:) pl. [of pauc.] أَنْهُرٌ, (Msb, K,) a pl. of the former, (Msb,) and أَنْهَارٌ, (S, Msb, K,) a pl. of the latter, (Msb,) [but used as a pl. of either, both of pauc. and of mult. and the most common of all the pls.,] and نُهُرٌ, (Msb, and so in some copies of the K,) with two dammehs, a pl. of the former, (Msb,) or نُهْرٌ, (as in some copies of the K and in the TA,) and نُهُورٌ, (IAar, K.) You say, جَرَى النَّهْرُ [The river ran, or flowed]; like as you say, جَرَى المِيزَابُ. (Msb.) And نَهْرٌ كَثِير المَآءِ [A channel of running water having much water]. (A.) And ↓ نَهَرٌ is also used in a pl. sense: as in the Kur, [liv. 54], فِى جَنَّاتٍ وَنَهَرٍ [In gardens and among rivers], i. e., أَنْهَارِ; like the phrase in the Kur, (same chap. verse 45,] وَيُوَلُّونَ الدُّبْرَ, (Fr, S.) meaning الأَدْبَارَ, (Fr, TA:) but it is otherwise explained. (S.) See نَهَرٌ below.

نَهَرٌ: see نَهْرٌ, in two places.

A2: Amplitude: (K:) or light and amplitude: so, accord. to some, in the Kur, liv. 54, differently explained above: see نَهْرٌ, (S, TA.) or, accord. to Th, نَهَر is a pl. [or rather quasi pl.] of نُهُرٌ, which is a pl. of نهَارٌ. (TA.) نَهِرٌ Much, (TA;) as also ↓ نَهيرٌ; (K, TA;) both applied to water. (TA.) b2: A wide نَهْر [or river, or channel in which water runs]. (K.) A2: رَخُلٌ نَهِرٌ A man of day-time; syn. صَاحِبُ نَهَارٍ; (S, K;) who makes inroads or incursions into the territories of enemies therein: (S:) or who works therein: (A:) a kind of rel. n.; as is shown by the ex.

لَسْتُ بِلَيْلِىٍّ وَلٰكِنِّى نهِرٌ لَا أُدْلِجُ اللَّيْلَ وَلٰكِنْ أَبْتَكِرْ [I am not one of the night-time, but I am one of the day-time; I do not journey in the night, but I go forth early in the morning]: as though he said ↓ نَهَارِىّ. (Sb.) The verse is correctly related as above; not as it is given in the S. (IB.) b2: See also أَنْهَرُ.

نَهَارٌ Day; or day-time; contr. of لَيْلٌ: (S, TA:) or broad daylight, (Mgh,) from sunrise to sunset: (Mgh, Msb, K:) this is the original signification: (TA;) or this is the signification in the vulgar conventional language: but in the classical language it signifies the time from the rising of the dawn to sunset: (Msb:) or the light between the rising of the dawn and sunset: (K:) and so accord. to the lawyers: (TA:) in the trads., it is the whiteness of the نهار, and the blackness of the ليل; and there is nothing intervening between the ليل and the نهار: but sometimes the Arabs amplified, and applied نهار to the time from the clear shining of the dawn to the setting [of the sun]: (Msb.) or (so accord. to the TA. but in some copies of the K, and the spreading of the light [which is a cause] of sight and its dispersion: (K:) in this explanation in the L, in the place of وَافْتِرَاقُهُ we find وَاجْتِمَاعُهُ [and its collecting together]: (TA:) it is also syn. with يَوْمٌ; and is so when used without restriction in the non-fundamental sciences of religion, (الفُرُوع,) as in the phrases صُمْ نَهَارًا [fast thou a day] and إِعْمَلْ نَهَارًا [work thou a day]: and it may be so used, or in its proper classical sense, when prefixed to يَوْم, governing the latter in the gen. case: (Msb:) it has no proper dual, (Mgh, Msb,) and no proper pl., (S, Mgh, Msb, K, (like عَذَابٌ and سَرَابٌ; (S, K;) the former of which, however, has a pl. assigned to it [by Zj and] in the K, namely, أَعْذِبَةٌ; (MF;) [and respecting the latter see شَرَابٌ, with ش;] [for] نهار is a name applied to every يَوْم [or day]; and لَيْلٌ, to every لَيْلَة [or night]: one does not say نَهَارٌ وَنَهَارَانِ, nor لَيْلٌ وَلَيْلَانِ: but the sing. of نهار is يَوْمٌ (TA.) and the dual, يَوْمَانِ, (Msb, TA:) and the pl., أَيَّامٌ. (Msb:) and the contr. of يوْمٌ is لَيْلَةٌ, so says Az, on the authority of AH(??) (TA:) or it has pls.: namely, أَنْهُرٌ, (IAar, S, K,) a pl. of pauc., (S,) in some lexicons أَنْهِرَةٌ, (TA,) also a pl. of pauc.,] and نُهُرٌ, (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) a pl. of mult. (S) [See also نَهَرٌ.] Ibn-Keys(??) cites the following ex., لَوْلَا الثَّرِيدَان لَمُتْنَا بِالضُّمُرْ ثَرِيدُ لَيْلٍ وَثرِيدٌ بِالنَّهُرْ [Were it not for the two thereeds (or messes of crumbled bread moistened with broth), we had died of leanness: the thereed of night, and thereed in the day-times]. (S.) نَهِيرٌ: see نَهِرٌ.

نَهَارِىٌّ: see نَهِرٌ. b2: Food that is eaten in the beginning of the day. (TA.) نَهَارٌ أَنْهَرُ, and ↓ نَهرٌ, [A bright day:] in each of these phrases the epithet has an intensive effect, (K, * TA,) as the epithet in لَيْلٌ أَلْيَلُ. (TA.) مَنْهَرٌ The place of a river. (T, TA.) b2: A place which the water hollows out in a نَهْر [or channel of a river]. (K.) b3: A cleft, (K, TA,) or hole, (TA,) in a fortress, passing through [the wall], whence water runs. (K, TA,) or by which water enters: (TA:) pl. مَنَاهِرُ. (TA.)

نور

1 نَارَ intrans., in the sense of أَنَارَ: see the latter, in two places.

A2: نَارُوا النَّارَ: see 5.

A3: نُرْتُ البَعِيرَ (tropical:) I made a mark upon the camel with a hot iron. (M, K.) See نَارٌ.2 نوّر, intrans., in the sense of أَنَارَ, from النُّورُ: see 4, in two places. b2: نوّر بِالفَجْرِ, (Mgh, Msb,) inf. n. تَنْوِيرٌ, (Msb,) He performed the prayer of daybreak when the dawn had become light (Mgh, Msb:) (tropical:) or when the horizon had become bright: (TA:) تَنْوِيرُ الفَجْرِ, without بِ is an amplification. (Mgh.) تَنْوِيرٌ as a subst. from this verb, see below.

A2: نوّر, trans. in the sense of أَنَارَ, from النُّورُ: see 4. in three places.

A3: نوّر, (S, A, Msb, K.) inf. n. تَنْوِيرٌ, (S, K,) It (a tree. S, A, Msb, K, and a plant, Msb) blossomed, or flowered it put forth its نَوْر; (S, A, Msb, K;) as also ↓ أَنَارَ, (S, Msb, K,) originally أَنْوَرَ, (TA,) See also 4. b2: It (seed-produce) attained to maturity: (K:) [see an ex. in a verse cited in art. سمو, conj. 3:] تَنْوِيرٌ, the inf. n. of the verb in this sense, has a pl. تَنَاوِيرُ. (TA.) A4: نوّرهُ He smeared him or it with نُورَة. (Mgh, Msb.) b2: نوّر ذِرَاعَهُ, (S, K,) inf. n. تَنْوِيرٌ, (TA,) He pricked his fore-arm with a needle, and then sprinkled نَوُور, [q. v.] upon it. (S, K.) 4 انار, (inf. n. إِنَارَةٌ, Msb,) It (a thing) (S, Msb) gave light; or shone; or shone brightly; (S, A, * Msb, K; *) as also ↓ نوّر, (Lh, S, * A, Msb, K,) inf. n. تَنْوِيرٌ; (S, Msb;) and ↓ استنار; (S, A, Msb, K;) and ↓ نَارَ, (A, Msb, K,) aor. ـُ (Msb,) inf. n. نَوْرٌ, (K, TA,) or نُورٌ, (as in a copy of the A,) or نِيَارٌ: (Msb;) and ↓ تنوّر: (K:) نوّر (S, * Mgh, Msb, K) and انار (Mgh, Msb) and استنار, (Msb,) said of the dawn, signify as above; (Mgh, Msb;) or its light appeared. (S, * K) b2: [Hence,] الفِتْنَةُ ↓ نَارَتِ, aor. ـُ Sedition, or discord, or the like, happened and spread. (Msb.) b3: [Hence also,] انار and أَنْوَرَ, (K.) the latter being the original form; said of a plant; (TA;) It became beautiful: and it became apparent. (K, TA.) And أَنْوَرَتِ الشَّجَرَةُ The tree became beautiful in its verdure: or, as some say, put forth its blossoms or flowers. (TA.) See also 2.

A2: انار and ↓ نوّر He made to give light; to shine; or to shine brightly. (Msb.) ↓ التَّنْوِيرُ and الإِنَارَةُ signify the same. (S.) You say, انار السِّرَاجَ, and ↓ نوّرهُ, (A,) and المِصْبَاحَ ↓ نوّر, (Msb,) He made the lamp to give light; or to become bright. (Msb.) b2: انار المَكَانَ He illumined, or lighted, the place; (K;) i. e., put light [or a light] in it. (TA.) b3: [Hence,] انارهُ (tropical:) He elucidated it; rendered it apparent or plainly apparent, conspicuous, manifest, or evident; (TA;) as also ↓ نورّهُ. (A, TA. *) b4: And hence, انار اللّٰهُ بُرْهَانَهُ (tropical:) God taught him, or dictated to him, his proof. (TA.) 5 see 4, first signification.

A3: تنورّوا النَّارَ مِنْ بِعِيدٍ, (S, K,) and ↓ نَارُوهَا, (K,) They looked at the fire, or endeavoured to see it (تَبَصَّرُوهَا,) from afar: (S, K:) or تنوّر النَّارَ he looked at the fire, or endeavoured to see it, (تَبَصَّرَهَا) and repaired towards it: (A:) or he came to the fire: it has this signification as well as the first. (TA.) b2: تنوّر الرَّجُلَ, and المَرْأَةَ, He looked at the man, and the woman, at or by a fire, from a place where the latter did not see him; he stood in the dark to see the man, and the woman, by the light of the latter's fire, without the latter's seeing him; تَنَوُّرٌ being like تَضَوُّؤٌ. (TA.) A4: See also 8.8 انتار, (Th, T, S, M, K,) imp. إِنْتَرْ; (T;) and إِنْتَوَرَ, (T, K,) imp. إِنْتَوِرْ; (T;) and ↓ تنوّر; (S, M, A, Mgh, Msb, K;) or only انتار and انتور; not تنوّر; (T;) or some say انتار; [implying that most say تنوّر;] (S;) He smeared himself with نُورَة [which is differently explained in the lexicons, so that these verbs are made to bear different meanings by different lexicons]. (Th, T, S, M, A, Mgh, Msb, K.) 10 إِسْتَنْوَرَ see 4, first signification.

A2: استنار بِهِ He sought the aid of its light: (TA:) or of its rays. (M, K.) نَارٌ a word of which the meaning is well known; (M, K;) [Fire; not well explained as signifying] the flaming, or blazing, (لَهِيب,) that is apparent to the sense: (TA:) its ا is originally نُوَيْرَةٌ: (S, TA:) it is fem.: (S, M, Msb:) and sometimes masc.: (AHn, M, K:) and the dim. is أَنْوَارٌ, with و because it is the original medial radical, (S,) and with ة because نار is fem.: (Msb:) pl. [of pauc.] أَنْوُرٌ, (S, M, L,) in the K أَنْوَارٌ, [which is a mistake, though this is also said to be a pl. of نار,] (TA,) and [of mult.] نِيرَانٌ [which is the most common form] (S, M, K) and نُورٌ (AAF, S, M, Msb, K) and نِيَرَةٌ and نِيَارٌ, (M, K,) and أَنْيَارٌ also occurs, in the phrase نَارُ الأَنْيَارِ, in a trad. respecting the prison of hell; this phrase, if correctly related, perhaps meaning نَارُ النِّيِرَانِ, and انيار being originally أَنْوَار. (IAth.) النَّارُ is also applied to The fire of hell. (TA:) The Arabs say, in cursing their enemies, أَبْعَدَ اللّٰهُ دَارَهُمْ وَأَوْقَدَ نَارًا أَثَرَهُمْ [May God make their abode distant, and kindle a fire after them!] And it was a custom of Arab women, as related by IAar, on the authority of El-'Okeyleeyeh, when they feared evil from a man, and he removed from them, to kindle a fire behind him, with the view of causing his evil to depart with him. (T.) b2: نَارُ الْمُهَوِّلِ A fire which the Arabs used to kindle, in the time of ignorance, on the occasion of entering into a confederacy: they threw into it some salt, which crackled (يُفَقِّعُ) when the fire burned it: with this they frightened [one another] in confirmation of the swearing. (T.) b3: نَارُ الحُبَاحِبِ has been explained in art. حب. b4: نَارٌ also signifies simply Heat. (TA.) b5: Also, (tropical:) [The fire, meaning] the evil, and excitement, or rage, or war; as also ↓ نَائِرَةٌ. (TA.) Yousay, أَوْقَدَ نَارَ الحَرْبِ (tropical:) [He kindled the fire of war]. (A.) b6: Also, (tropical:) Opinion; counsel; advice. (IAar, T, K.) So in the trad., لَا تَسْتَضِيؤُوا بِنَارِ المُشْرِكِينَ, (T,) or بنار أَهْلِ الشِّرْكِ, (K,) (tropical:) [Seek ye not to enlighten yourselves by the counsel of the polytheists; i. e.,] seek ye not counsel of the polytheists. (IAar, T, A. *) b7: Also, (tropical:) Any brand, or mark, made with a hot iron, upon a camel; (As, T, S, M, A, K;) as also ↓ نُورَةٌ (M, K) and ↓ نُورٌ: (TA:) pl. as above: (M:) or the pl. is نِيَارٌ, and the pl. of the نار that burns is نِيرَانٌ. (IAar, Th, T.) The Arabs say, مَا نَارُ هٰذِهِ النَّاقَةِ (tropical:) What is the brand, or mark, of this she-camel, with which she is burned? (T, S, A. *) And they say, in a proverb, بِجَارُهَا نَارُهَا (T, S) Their origin is indicated by their mark with which they are burned. (T.) The Rájiz says, حَتَّى سَقَوْا آبَالَهُمْ بِالنَّارِ وَالنَّارُ قَدْ تَشْفِى مِنَ الأُوَارِ [Until, or so that, they watered their camels because of the brand that they bore: for the fire, or the brand, sometimes cures of the heat of thirst]: (T, S: *) he means, that, when they saw their marks with which they were burned, they left the water to them. (S. For another reading of this verse, see بِ.) See also نَجْرٌ.

نَوْرٌ Blossoms, or flowers, (M, Msb, K,) of a tree, and of a plant: (Msb:) or white blossoms or flowers; the yellow being called زَهْرٌ; (M, K;) for they become white, and then become yellow: (M:) and ↓ نَوْرَةٌ and ↓ نُوَّارٌ signify the same as نَوْرٌ: (M, K:) or [rather] نَوْرٌ and نُوَّارٌ signify the same; (S, Msb;) [but the former is often used as a generic n., signifying a kind of blossom or flower: though both are coll. gen. ns.;] and نَوْرَةٌ is the n. un. of نَوْرٌ, like as تَمْرَةٌ is of تَمْرٌ; (Msb;) and نُوَّارَةٌ is the n. un. of نُوَّارٌ: (S, M, L:) and the pl. of نَوْرٌ is أَنْوَارٌ. (M, Msb, K.) نُورٌ Light; syn. ضِيَآءٌ, (S,) or ضَوْءٌ; (M, A, Msb, K;) whatever it be; (M, A, K;) contr. of ظُلْمَةٌ: (Msb:) or the rays thereof: (M, A, K:) accord to Z, ضِيَآءٌ [with which ضَوْءٌ is syn.] is more intense than نُورٌ: in the Kur, x. 5, the sun is termed ضياء, and the moon نور: and it is said that ضياء is essential, but نور is accidental [light]: (TA:) it is of two kinds, the light of the present world and that of the world to come; and the former is either perceived sensibly, by the eye, and this is what diffuses itself from luminous bodies, as the sun and moon and stars, and is mentioned in the Kur, 10. 5, referred to above; or perceived by the eye of the intellect, and this is what diffuses itself of the divine lights, as the light of reason and the light of the Kur-án; of which divine light mention is made in the Kur, 5., former part of verse 15, and 24., latter part of verse 35; and both of these in common are spoken of in the Kur, 6. 1 and 39. 69: that of the world to come is mentioned in the Kur in lvii. 12 [and lxvi. 8]: (B:) the pl. is أَنْوَارٌ (S, M, Msb, K) and نِيرَانٌ; (M, K;) the latter mentioned by Th: (M:) and ↓ نَوْرَانيَّةٌ signifies the same as نُورٌ. (TA.) As نور is a convenience of the pious in the present world and the world to come, it is said in the Kur, [lvii. 13,] اُنْظُرُونَا نَقْتَبِسْ مِنْ نُورِكُمْ [Wait ye for us that we may take of your light]. (B.) [See also ظُلَمْةٌ.] b2: It is also applied to Mohammad: (T, M, K:) it is said by Aboo-Is-hak to be so applied in the Kur, v. 18. (T.) b3: And That which manifests things, (K, TA,) and shows to the eyes their true or real state: and therefore النُّور is applied in the Kur, vii.

156, to (tropical:) that [revelation] which the Prophet brought. (TA.) b4: النُّورُ is also one of the names of God; meaning, accord. to IAth, He by whose light the obscure in perception sees, and by whose guidance the erring is directed aright: or the Manifest, by whom is every manifestation. And أَللّٰهُ نُورُ السَّمٰوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ [in the Kur, xxiv. 35,] means God is the enlightener of the heavens and of the earth: like as فُلَانٌ غِيَاثُنَا means مُغِيثُنَا: (TA:) or, as some say, the right director of the inhabitants of the heavens and of the inhabitants of the earth. (T.) b5: See also نَارٌ, last signification.

نَوْرَةٌ: see نَوْرٌ.

نُورَةٌ: see نَارٌ, last signification.

A2: I. q. هِنَآءٌ [a word well known to mean Tar, or liquid pitch, or a kind thereof; but I do not know this signification as applying to نُورَةٌ, nor, app., did SM, for he has made it to be the same with that which here next follows, from the T]. (M, K:) or a kind of stone burned and made into كِلْس [or quick-lime] and used as a depilatory for the pubes: (T:) or lime-stone; syn. حَجَرُ الكِلْسِ: and by a secondary and predominant application, a mixture of quick lime (كلس) with arsenic, or orpiment, (زِرْنِيخ,) and other things, used for removing hair: (Msb:) [a depilatory composed of quick lime with a small proportion (about an eighth part) of orpiment: it is made into a paste with water, before application; and loosens the hair in about two minutes; after which it is immediately washed off: thus made in the present day:] some say that it is an Arabic word; and others, that it is arabicized. (Msb) See 8.

نَوْرَانِيَّةٌ: see نُورٌ.

نَيِّرٌ Giving light, shining, bright, or shining brightly; (A, Msb;) as also ↓ مُنِيرٌ and ↓ مُسْتَنِيرٌ (A) [and ↓ نَائِرٌ.] b2: Beautiful in colour, and bright; as also ↓ مُنِيرٌ and ↓ أَنْوَرُ: (TA:) or the last signifies [simply] beautiful; (K;) or conspicuous and beautiful. (TA.) It is said of Mohammad.

كَانَ أَنْوَرَ ↓ المُتَجَرَّدِ: He was beautiful and bright in the colour [of what was unclad] of his body. (TA.) نَوُورٌ, (S, Msb, and so in some copies of the K,) or نَؤُورٌ, (T, M, and so in some copies of the K,) or both, the former being the original form, (S, TA,) i. q. نِيلَجٌ [i. e. Indigo-pigment]; (S, K;) or نِيلَنْجٌ; [which appears from what follows to be the right reading, though both نيلج and نيلنج are used in the present day for the purpose described in explanations of نوور, to give a greenish colour to the marks made in tatooing;] (Msb;) i. e., (so accord. to the S and Msb; but in the K, and) the smoke [meaning the smokeblack] of fat, (IAar, T, S, M, Msb, K,) that adheres to the طَسْت, (IAar, T,) with which the punctures made in tatooing are dressed, (S, Msb,) or filled in, (M,) that they may become green; (S, Msb;) or with which the women of the Arabs of the time of ignorance tattooed themselves: (T:) i. q. غُنْجٌ [q v.]; (IAar, T:) or, accord. to to Lth, the smoke [or smoke-black] of the wick, used as a collyrium or for tatooing; but, [says Az,] I have not heard that the women of the Arabs used this as a collyrium in the time of ignorance nor in the time of El-Islám; their using it for tatooing, however, is mentioned in their poems: (T:) or lamp-black; the black pigment (نِقْس) prepared from the smoke of the lamp; used for tattooing. (Comm. on the Mo'allakát, printed at Calcutta, p. 143.) b2: Also, A kind of small stone, resembling إِثْمِد, which is bruised, or brayed, and then taken up, like as medicine is by the lip. (M.) [The same is found in the K, excepting that, in this latter lexicon, the explanation is less full, and اللِّثَةُ is substituted for الشَّفَةُ, the reading in the M.

نُوَّارٌ and نُوَّارَةٌ: see نَوْرٌ.

نَائِرٌ: see نَيِّرٌ. b2: (tropical:) Apparent or plainly apparent. conspicuous, manifest, or evident; as also ↓ مُنِيرٌ. (Thus the pl. fem. of each of these is explained in the TA.) b3: فِتْنَةٌ نَائِرَةٌ Sedition, or discord, or the like, happening and spreading. (Msb.) b4: And نَائِرَةٌ alone, Sedition, or discord, or the like: (Msb:) or sedition, or discord, or the like, happening: (TA:) and rancour, malevolence, or spite. (T:) enmity, or hostility, (T, S, A, Msb,) and violent hatred. (S, A, Msb.) See also نَارٌ.

You say, سَعَيْتُ فِى إِطْفَآءِ النَّائِرَةِ I laboured in stilling the sedition, or discord, or the like. (Msb.) And بَيْنَهُمْ نَائِرَةٌ Between them is enmity, or hatred, and violent hatred. (A, Msb.) A2: One who occasions evils among men. (T.) انْوَرُ: see نَيِّرٌ, in two places. b2: ذَا أَنْورُ مِنْ ذَاكَ [This is lighter, or brighter, than that], (TA.) تَنْوِيرٌ The time when the dawn shines, or becomes light. (T, Mgh.) You say, صَلَّى الفَجْرَ فِى التَّنْوِيرِ He performed the prayer of daybreak when the dawn shone, or became light. (Mgh.) See also 2.

مَنَارٌ [originally مَنْوَرٌ] A place of light; as also ↓ مَنَارَةٌ. (M. K.) b2: A sign, or mark, set up to show the way: (As, T, S, M, K:) and a thing that is put as a limit or boundary between two things; (M, K;) or between two lands, (As, T,) made of mud or clay or of earth: (As, TA:) pl. مَنَاثِرُ [respecting which see مَنَارَةٌ]. (A.) It is [also used as a coll. gen. n.; as, for instance, where it is] said, in a trad., لَعَنَ اللّٰهُ مَنْ غَيَّرَ مَنَارَ الأَرْضِ May God curse him who alters the marks of the limit between two lands: (T, TA:) or it may mean مَنَارَ الحَرَمِ the boundary-marks of the Haram [or sacred territory of Mekkeh], which [it is said] were set up by Abraham. (T, TA. *) And it is said in another trad, إِنَّ لِلْإِسْلَامِ صُوًى

وَمَنَارًا (tropical:) Verily there are to El-Islám signs and ordinances whereby it is known. (TA.) b3: See also صَوْمَعَةٌ. b4: The middle, or main part and middle, or part along which one travels, (مَحَجَّة,) of a road. (M, K.) مُنِيرٌ: see نَيِّرٌ, in two places. b2: See also نَائِرٌ.

مَنَارَةٌ, originally مَنْوَرَةٌ; (A, K;) see مَنَارٌ. b2: A stand for a lamp; a thing upon which a lamp is put: (T, S, M, A, K;) of the measure مَفْعَلَةٌ.

with fet-h (S, Msb) to the م; (S:) but by rule it should be with kesr, because it is an instrument (Msb.) Aboo-Dhu-eyb uses it, for the sake of metre, in the place of مِصْبَاح, in likening a bright spear-head, without rust, to a lamp. (M.) b3: Also, A candle having a سِرَاج [or lighted wick]. (T.) b4: [A pharos, or lighthouse.] b5: The mená reh [or turret of a mosque, whence the English term “ minaret,” so written in imitation of the Turkish pronunciation,] upon which the time of prayer is proclaimed; (S, Msb:) syn. مِئْذَنَةٌ, (K, TA,) vulgarly مَأَذَنَةٌ [which is the form given in the CK]. (TA.) b6: [Any pillar-like structure. (See زُرْنُوقٌ.) b7: The perch of a hawk, or falcon. (See مَرْبَأٌ.)] b8: The pl. is مَنَاوِرُ and مَنَائِرُ: he who uses the latter likens the radical letter to the augmentative; (S, Msb, K;) like as they say مَصَائِبُ, which is originally مَصَاوِبُ (S, Msb.) مُسْتَنِيرٌ: see نَيِّرٌ.

نفض

1 نَفَضَ, (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K,) aor. ـُ (S, Msb,) inf. n. نَفْضٌ, (S, Mgh, Msb,) He shook (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K) a thing, (Mgh, Msb,) or a garment, or piece of cloth, (S, A, K,) in order that what was upon it, of dust &c., might fall off (S, * A, * Mgh, K, *) or to remove from it dust and the like; (Msb:) he took a thing with his hand, and shook it, or shook it violently, to remove the dust from it: (TA:) and in like manner a tree, in order that what was upon it [of face or of leaves] might fall of; (S, A;) ??

instance,] a tree of the kind called عِضاه, to shake off its leaves. (TA) You say also, نَفَضَ عَنَهُ الغُبَارَ and التُّرَابَ [He shook off from it the dust (A.) And نَفَضَتُ الوَرَقَ مِنْ الشَّجَرَة. inf. n. ??

above, [He shook off the leaves from the tree;] be made the leaves to fall from the tree. (Msb,) And نَفْضٌ also signifies The sprinkling or ??

tering in drops, (syn. رَشٌّ,) water and blood. ??

K, in art. رش,) and tears, (K, ??: &c. ??

bid.) b2: [Hence,] ?? (S, A, K) (tropical:) The fever made him to shiver, or tremble (As, TA b3: And نَفَضَتِ المَرْأَةُ, (K,) or نَفضَتٌ كَرشَهَا (??) or نَفَضَتْ وَلَدَهَا مِنْ بَطْنها, (A,) The woman have many children; was prolific (S, K. TA) and نَفَضَت الإِبِلُ (assumed tropical:) The she-camels brought forth, (S, L, K,) all of them: (L;) and ↓ انعضت signifies the same. (IDrd, S, K.) And ??

بَيْضَها (tropical:) [The ?? la?? hen eggs. or all ??

A. TA.) b4: Hence also,] فَامَ يَنَفُضُ الكرَى, He arose, shaking off drowsiness]. (A. TA.) and نَفَضَ الأَسْفَامَ عَنْهُ وَاسْتَصَحّ; [He shook off water-dust from him, and ?? ?? from his ??

i. e. his health became in a ?? state (A. TA.) And نَفَضَ مِنْ مَرَضِهِ (A,) inf. n. نُفُوضٌ, (TA, K,) (tropical:) He recovered, or became free, from his ?? (A, K, * TA.) b5: And ?? ??

shored him what was in my heart (?? R ??

TA, in art. شكو and شكى b6: And ?? (tropical:) He cleared the road of robbers, and ?? of travellers: (tropical:) he guarded the road ?A. TA [The latter signification is shown by an explanation or the act. part. n.] It is said in the trad. of Aboo-Bekr and the cave [in which Mohammad was hiding himself], أَنَا أَنَفُضُ مَا حَوْلَكَ ??

guard what is around thee, and go round ??

to try if I can see a pursuer. (TA.) You say also, نَفَضَ المَكَان, (S, K,) aor. as above, (TA.) inf. n. نَفَضٌ (S, TA.) and ↓ ??, and ↓ تنفّضهُ; (S, K;) (tropical:) He looked trying to see all that was in the place: (S;) or he looked at all that was in the place so as to know it. (K) and hence نَفَضَ signifies (tropical:) He searched to the at most. (L.) And إِذَا تَكَلَّمُت نَهَارًا فَانْفُضْ وَإِذَا تَكَلَّمْتَ لَيْلًا فَاخْفِضْ (S, K, * TA) (tropical:) When thou speakest by day, look aside, or about, to try if thou see any one whom thou dislikest; (S, K, TA;) and when thou speakest by night, lower thy voice. (TA.) and القَوْمَ ↓ استنفض (tropical:) He looked at the people, or company of men, endeavouring to obtain a clear knowledge of them; or considered, or examined, them repeatedly, in order to know them. (TA.) The saying of El-'Ojeyr Es-Saloolee, القَوْمَ طَرْفُهُ ↓ إِلَى مَلِكٍ يَسْتَنْفِضُ means (tropical:) [To a king whose eye] looks at the people, or company of men, and knows who among them has the right on his side: or looks to see in whom among them is mental perception, sagacity, intelligence, forecast, or skill in affairs, and which of them is of the contrary description: (TA:) [or] طَرْفُهُ القَوْمَ ↓ فُلَانٌ يَسْتَنْفِضُ means (tropical:) [The eye of] such a one makes the people, or company of men, to tremble, by reason of his awfulness. (A, TA.) b7: You also say, الإِبِلُ تَنْفُضُ الأَرْضَ (assumed tropical:) The camels traverse the land. (IAar.) b8: And نَفَضَ القُرْآنَ, (IAar,) or السُّوَرَ, (K,) aor. ـُ inf. n. نَفْضٌ, (IAar,) (tropical:) He read, or recited, (IAar, K,) the Kur-án, (IAar,) or the chapters thereof. (K.) b9: And نَفَضْنَا حَلَائِبَنَا, inf. n. نَفْضٌ; and ↓ اِسْتَنْفَضْنَاهَا; (tropical:) We milked our milch beasts to the uttermost, not leaving any milk in their udders: (TA:) and الفَصِيلُ مَا فِى الضَّرْعِ ↓ انتفض (tropical:) the young camel sucked out all that was in the udder. (A, TA.) A2: [It is also used intransitively in the following exs., as well as in some instances given above. Thus نَفَضَ الشَّجَرُ app. signifies The trees shook off, or dropped, their leaves or fruit. (See an ex. voce عَتِيقٌ, last sentence but one.) b2: And hence] one says, نَفَضَ مَا فِى الجُلَّةِ [app. meaning What was in the palm-leaf basket became exhausted; like نَفِدَ; or it may be syn. with انتفض]; (A, K;) or جَمِيعُ مَا فِيهَا [all that was in it; which shows that ما in the former instance is virtually in the nom. case]. (TA.) See also 4, in two places. b3: And نَفَضَ الصِّبْغُ, (ISh, Mgh, K,) inf. n. نَفْضٌ, (ISh, TA,) or نُفُوضٌ, (TA,) (tropical:) The dye (ISh, K, TA,) of a red or yellow garment, or piece of cloth, (ISh, TA,) lost somewhat of its colour. (ISh, K, TA.) And hence, (Mgh,) نَفَضَ الثَّوْبُ, (A, Mgh,) aor. ـُ (A,) inf. n. نُفُوضٌ, (A, Mgh,) (tropical:) The garment, or piece of cloth, lost its dye: (A:) or lost somewhat of its colour, of redness, or yellowness: (Mgh:) or the colour of its dye faded away so that there remained nothing but the trace. (TA.) نَفْضٌ, accord. to the lawyers, signifies (assumed tropical:) The being scattered, strewn, strewed, or dispersed: and accord. to [the Hanafee Imám] Mohammad, the non-transition of the trace of the dye to another thing: or its exhaling a sweet odour. (Mgh [but it seems that the particle لا, which I have rendered “ non,” is inserted by mistake in my copy of the Mgh.]) b4: نَفَضَ الزَّرْعُ, (K,) or نَفَضَ الزَّرْعُ سَبَلًا, (TA,) (assumed tropical:) The seed-produce put forth the last of its ears. (K, TA.) And نَفَضَ الكَرْمُ (assumed tropical:) The grape-vine opened its bunches, or racemes. (K.) [See also 8.]2 نفّض, (S, TA,) inf. n. تَنْفِيضٌ, (TA,) He shook a garment, or piece of cloth, and a tree, much, or vehemently, in order that what was upon it might fall off. (S, TA. *) b2: Said of a horse, i. q. رَفَّضَ, q. v. (TA in art. رفض.) 4 أَنْفَضَتِ الجُلَّةُ i. q. مَا فِى الجُلَّةِ ↓ نَفَضَ, (A, K,) or جَمِيعُ مَا فِيهَا: (TA:) see 1. b2: انفضوا originally signifies They shook their provision-bags, in order that the dust or the like might fall from them. (A.) And hence, (A,) (tropical:) Their travellingprovisions became consumed, (S, M, A, K, TA,) and their wheat, or food; (M, TA;) like أَرْمَلُوا; (S, M, K, * TA;) as though they shook their provision-bags in order that the dust or the like might fall from them, because of their being empty; (TA;) as also ↓ نَفَضُوا: (K:) or انفضوا, (K,) or, as IDrd says, انفضوا زَادَهُمْ, making the verb trans., (TA,) They consumed their travellingprovisions. (IDrd, K.) And (tropical:) Their camels, or the like, (أَمْوَالُهُمْ,) died, or perished. (S, K.) إِنْفَاضٌ [the inf. n.] also signifies (assumed tropical:) The suffering hunger, or famine: and want. (TA.) b3: انفضت الإِبِلُ: see نفضت.5 تنفّض المَكَانَ: see 1.8 انتفض It (a thing, Mgh, Msb, or a garment, or piece of cloth, S, A, K, and a tree, S, A) shook, or became shaken, (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K,) so that what was upon it, of dust &c., fell off, (Mgh,) or so that the dust and the like became removed from it. (Msb.) Hence the saying in a trad., يَنْتَفِضُ بِهِ الصِّرَاطُ, i. e. [The bridge extending over hell will shake with him so that he will fall from it: or] will shake him, or shake him violently, or [app. a mistake for and] make him to fall. (Mgh.) b2: (tropical:) He trembled, quaked, or shivered: said of a man, and of a horse. (A, TA.) b3: (assumed tropical:) It (a grapevine) became beautiful and bright in its leaves: (K:) [as though its dust became shaken off.]

A2: It is also used transitively: see 1, latter half: and see 10, in three places.10 استنفض القَوْمُ (tropical:) The people, or company of men, sent forth a نَفِيضَة, (S, K, * TA,) or party of scouts: (TA:) or sent forth نَفَضَة, or persons to clear the roads of robbers and of intercepters of travellers, or to guard the roads. (A, L, TA.) b2: استنفض المَكَانَ: and القَوْمَ: see 1, in four places. b3: استنفضهُ also signifies (tropical:) He extracted, educed, or elicited, it. (A, Mgh, * K.) You say, اِسْتَنْفَضْتُ مَا عِنْدَهُ (tropical:) I extracted, educed, or elicited, what he had. (A, TA. *) b4: And hence, (Mgh,) استنفض (tropical:) He performed the act of cleansing termed اِسْتِنْجَآء, (Mgh, K,) with three stones, (Mgh,) or with the stone: (K:) or this is from نَفَضَ الثَّوْبَ; because the person who performs this act shakes off from himself what is annoying, with the stone; i. e., removes it. (TA.) Yousay also, استنفض الذَّكَرَ (tropical:) He took extraordinary pains in cleansing, or he cleansed entirely, (إِسْتَبْرَأَ,) the penis from the remains of the urine; as also ↓ انتفضهُ; (K;) and ↓ انتفض [alone]: (TA:) and ↓ this last, he sprinkled some water upon his pudendum after the ablution termed وُضُوْء. (TA in art. نصح.) b5: [Hence also,] استفضنا حَلَائِبَنَا: see 1.

نَفَضٌ What has fallen, of the produce of a tree; (TA;) what has fallen, of leaves, and of fruit: (S, Msb, K:) or a thing that one shakes [or has shaken] off: (T in art. ذرى:) of the measure فَعَلٌ in the sense of the measure مَفْعُولٌ, (S, Msb, TA,) like قَبَضٌ in the sense of مَقْبُوضٌ, (S, TA,) and هَدَمٌ in the sense of مَهْدُومٌ: (TA:) and (K, TA) what has fallen, (TA,) of grapes, [in the CK we find حَبُّ العِنَبِ for حَبِّ العِنَبِ, the reading in other copies of the K,] when they are found (يُوجَدُ [in the CK يُؤْخَدُ, thus, with خ, and with the unpointed د,]) one with another, (K. TA,) or cleaving one to another: (L, TA:) or what has fallen, of dates, at the feet of the palm-trees: (M, TA:) or what has fallen, of fruit, at the feet of trees; as also ↓ أَنَافِيضُ: (A:) or ↓ this last signifies leaves that are shaken off upon the نِفَاض, q. v.; as also ↓ نِفَاضٌ [which is app. pl. of نَفَضٌ, like as جِبَالٌ is pl. of جَبَلٌ]: (Sgh, K:) the sing. of انافيض is ↓ أُنْفُوضَةٌ. (TA.) [See also نُفَاضَةٌ.]

A2: قوْمٌ نَفَضٌ [app. quasi-pl. of ↓ نَافِضٌ, like as خَدَمٌ is of خَادِمٌ,] (tropical:) A people, or company of men, whose travelling-provisions have become consumed. (ISh.) نُفْضَةٌ (tropical:) The shivering, or trembling, attending a fever termed النَّافِض; (S, K;) as also ↓ نُفَضَهٌ (Sgh, K) and ↓ نُفَضَآءُ. (S, K.) [See also نِفِّضَى.] The subst. [from these words, which seems to indicate that they are inf. ns. or from نَفَضَتْهُ الحُمَّى, which precedes them in the K,] is ↓ نَفَاضٌ [app. signifying (tropical:) A shivering, or tremour, attending that fever]. (K.) A2: (assumed tropical:) A rain which falls upon a piece of land and misses another piece. (S.) [In the O and K in art. عهد, written نَفْضَة.]

نَفَضَةٌ: see نَفِيضَةٌ, in two places.

نُفَضَةٌ: see نُفْضَةٌ.

نَفَضَى: see نِفِّيضَى.

نُفَضَآءُ: see نُفْضَةٌ.

نَفَاضٌ: see نُفْضَةٌ: A2: and see نُفَاضٌ.

نُفَاضٌ: see نُفَاضَةٌ.

A2: Also, and ↓ نَفَاضٌ, (tropical:) The failure of travelling-provisions; i. e. their being consumed: or dearth, or drought: (S, K:) the latter of the words, and of the explanations, on the authority of Th. (S.) Hence, النفاضُ يُقَطِّرُ الجَلَبَ, (S, K,) a proverb, meaning, (tropical:) The failure of provisions, (TA,) or dearth, or drought, (S, K, TA,) causes the camels, driven or brought from one place to another, to be disposed in files for sale, (S, K, TA,) in order that their owners may buy provisions with their price. (TA.) نِفَاضٌ: see نُفَاضَةٌ: and نَفَضٌ.

A2: A piece of cloth upon which the leaves of the سَمُرُ and the like fall, it being spread, (K, TA.) and the tree being beaten with a staff, or stick: (TA:) pl. نُفُضٌ: (K:) and [in like manner] ↓ مِنْفَضٌ and ↓ مِنْفَاضٌ signify a garment of the kind called كِسَآء, upon which the نَفَض [or leaves or fruit of a tree] fall: (A, TA:) or ↓ مِنْفَضٌ signifies i. q. مِنْسَفٌ, (S, K,) i. e. a vessel (وِعَآء) in which dates [and grain] are shaken to remove the dust &c. (TA.) b2: A garment of the kind called إِزَار worn by boys: (S, K:) pl. as above. (TA.) Yousay also, مَا عَلَيْهِ نِفَاضٌ, (S, K,) meaning He has not upon him any clothing. (Ibn-'Abbád, K.) نَفُوضٌ (tropical:) A woman having many children: prolific. (S, A, K.) A2: رَجُلٌ نَفُوضٌ لِلْكَلَامِ (tropical:) A man who considers, examines, or studies, speech, or language, or does so repeatedly, in order to obtain a clear knowledge of it. (TA.) نُفَاضَةٌ What has fallen in consequence of shaking to cause something upon it to fall; (S;) what has fallen from a thing so shaken; (IDrd, K;) whatever it be; as, for instance, of leaves; and mostly, of leaves of the سَمُر in particular, when collected and beaten off [or rather beaten off and collected] in a garment, or piece of cloth; (IDrd, L, TA;) [like نَفَضٌ, q. v.;] and ↓ نُفَاضٌ signifies the same; (S, K;) and ↓ نِفَاضٌ also. (K.) And What remains in one's mouth, of a سِوَاك [or tooth-stick], and is spit out; or a particle broken off therefrom, remaining in the mouth, and spit out; i. q. نُفَاثَةُ سِوَاكٍ, (IAar, K,) and ضُوَازَتُهُ. (IAar.) نَفِيضَةٌ (tropical:) A company sent forth into the land to see whether there be in it an enemy, (S, K,) or not, (K,) or any [cause of] fear; (S;) like طَلِيعَةٌ; (S, TA;) as also ↓ نَفَضَةٌ; [pl. of ↓ نَافِضٌ, like as طَلَبَةٌ is of طَالِبٌ:] (S, K:) or the former signifies men going before an army as scouts, or explorers: (As, in TA, voce حَضِيرَةٌ:) or men who explore a place thoroughly: and also, a single person: (A 'Obeyd, in TA, ibid.:) or a scout, or scouts, stationed on a mountain or other elevated place: (TA:) or one who guards the road: (A, TA:) or a company [of men]: (TA:) and ↓ the latter, persons who clear the roads of robbers and of intercepters of travellers; or who guard the roads; (A, TA:) the pl. of the former is نَفَائِضُ; (S;) which also signifies persons who throw pebbles in order to know if there be behind them anything that they dislike, or an enemy. (K.) b2: Also, the pl., (assumed tropical:) Lean, or emaciated, camels; (S, K:) accord to AA, as occurring in a verse of Aboo-Dhu-eyb, in which he says, تُلْقِى النَّفَائِضُ فِيهِ السَّرِيحَا (S, TA,) In which the lean, or emaciated, camels cast the shoes; meaning that these have become dissundered; or, as Akh says, the thongs so called [by which their shoes are fastened], these being dissundered; فيه referring to the road; but some read, فِيهَا, referring to the roads, mentioned before: (TA:) As reads نفائض, as well as AA: (S, TA:) but others read the word with ق, as pl. of نِقْضٌ, and signifying “ jaded ” camels: (so in a copy of the S:) or نفائض signifies camels which traverse the land. (IAar, K.) b3: The sing. is also said to signify Waters where there is not any one. (IAar, Sh; both in the TA. voce حَضِيرَةٌ, q. v., and the former also in this art.) نِفِّضَى Motion: and tremour; or shivering; as also ↓ نِفِضَّى and ↓ نَفَضَى. (O, K.) [See also نُفْضَةٌ.]

نَافِضٌ (assumed tropical:) A fever attended with shivering, or trembling: (S, A. * K:) of the masc. gender: (ISd, K:) but applied as an epithet to حُمَّى

[which is fem.] (TA.) Contr. of صَالِبٌ. (S, in art. صلب.) You say, أَخَذَتْهُ حُمَّى نَافِضٍ, (S, K,) and حُمَّى بِنَافِضٍ, (K,) which is the more approved form, (TA,) and حُمَّى نَافِضٌ, (K,) the latter word being sometimes thus used as an epithet; the second meaning (tropical:) Fever took him, or affected him, with [a shivering, or trembling, or] violent shivering or trembling; (TA;) [and the first and third, fever attended with shivering, or trembling, took him, or affected him.]

A2: See also نَفِيضَةٌ

A3: and نَفَضٌ

A4: ثَوْبٌ نَافِضٌ (tropical:) A garment, or piece of cloth, which has lost its dye: (A:) or which has lost somewhat of its colour, of redness, or yellowness. (Mgh.) أُنْفُوضَةٌ: pl. أَنَافِيضُ: see نَفَضٌ, in three places.

دَجَاجَةٌ مُنْفِضٌ, (A,) or منفضة [i. e. مُنْفِضَةٌ], (TA,) (tropical:) A hen that has laid her eggs, or all her eggs, (نَفَضَتْ بَيْضَهَا, A, TA,) and desisted, (A,) or become weary. (TA.) مِنْفَضٌ: see نِفَاضٌ; for the former, in two places.

مِنْفَاضٌ: see نِفَاضٌ; for the former, in two places.

مَنْفُوضٌ (tropical:) Made to shiver, or tremble, by fever (S, K.)