روع

1 رَاعَهُ, (IAar, Az, S, Msb, K, *) aor. ـُ (Mgh,) inf. n. رَوْعٌ (Msb, TA) and رُوعٌ and رُوُوعٌ and رُؤُوعٌ, (IAar, TA,) [He, or it, affected his رُوع, i. e. heart, or mind, with fright, or fear;] fear of it (namely an affair or event) reached his رُوع; (Az, TA;) he, or it, (a man, S, or an affair or event, IAar, TA, or a thing, Msb,) frightened him; put him in fear; made him afraid; (S, Mgh, Msb, K;) as also ↓ روّعهُ, (S, Msb, K, *) inf. n. تَرْوِيعٌ: (TA:) or its beauty and abundance or multitude frightened him: (Lth, TA:) and ↓ the latter also, it frightened him by its abundance or multitude, or its beauty. (TA.) Hence the saying, in a trad., إِذَا شَمِطَ لإِنْسَانُ فِى عَارِضَيْهِ فَذٰلِكَ الرَّوْعُ, as though meaning [When the man becomes grizzled in the hair of the two sides of his face, that is] the warning of death. (TA.) You say also, [using the pass. form,] رِيعَ, aor. ـَ (TA,) inf. n. رَوْعٌ, (S, K,) He was, or became, frightened, or afraid; or he feared; (S, * K, * TA;) as also ↓ ارتاع, and ↓ تروّع. (S, K, TA.) And رَاعَ مِنْهُ, aor. ـُ inf. n. رَوْعٌ, He was, or became, frightened at it, or afraid of it; or he feared it. (TK. [But I know of no authority on which this is founded, except a prov. (cited in art. جعر) , in which some read رُوعِى جَعَارِ instead of رُوغِى.]) To a man, you say, لَا تُرَعْ [Be not thou frightened;] fear not thou; let not fear overtake thee: and to a woman, لَا تُرَاعِى. (S, TA.) And hence the saying, in a trad., لَنْ تُرَاعَوْا مَا رَأَيْنَا مِنْ شَىْءٍ [Ye shall not be frightened, or afraid: we saw not, or have not seen, anything]. (TA.) You also say, مِنْهُ ↓ ارتاع and لَهُ He was, or became, frightened at, or afraid of, him, or it; or he feared him, or it. (TA.) b2: (tropical:) [It affected his رُوع, i. e. heart, or mind, with a sudden surprise; it took him by surprise.] One says, مَا رَاعَنِى إِلَّا مَجِيؤُكَ meaning (tropical:) [Nothing took me by surprise but thy coming; i. e. I was surprised by thy coming; or] I knew not save thy coming; as though he said, nothing struck my رُوع but thy coming. (TA.) And خَرَجْتُ وَ مَا رَاعَنِى إِلَّا فُلَانٌ لِالبَابِ (assumed tropical:) [I went forth, and nothing took me by surprise but such a one at the door]; which is equivalent to saying, and lo, such a one was at the door. (Har p. 207.) And it is said in a trad. of I'Ab, فَلَمْ يَرُعْنِى إِلَّا رَجُلٌ آخِذٌ بِمَنْكِبِى, i. e. I knew not [save a man taking hold of, or seizing, my shoulder-joint]; as though he came upon him suddenly, or unexpectedly, without any previous appointment, and without knowledge, and so that event frightened him. (TA.) b3: [It affected his رُوع, i. e. heart, or mind, with admiration, or pleasure;] it excited his admiration and approval; it pleased him, or rejoiced him; (S, Msb, K;) said of beauty [&c.]. (Msb.) It is said in a trad., describing the people of Paradise, فَيَرُوعُهُ مَا عَلَيْهِ مِنَ اللِّبَاسِ And what is upon him, of apparel, excites his admiration &c., by its beauty. (TA.) b4: [It (drink) cooled it, (namely, the heart,) or allayed its thirst.] A poet says, سَقَتْنِى شَرْبَةً رَاعَتْ فُؤَادِى

سَقَاهَا اللّٰهُ مِنْ حَوْضِ الرَّسُولِ [She gave me to drink a draught that cooled, or allayed the thirst of, my heart: may God give her to drink from the pool of the Apostle in Paradise]. (TA.) You say also, هٰذِهِ شَرْبَةٌ رَاعَ بِهَا فُؤَادِى [which may be rendered This is a draught by which he has cooled, or allayed the thirst of, my heart; and it is implied in the TA that this is the right meaning: or it means] this is a draught by which the thirst, or vehement thirst, of my heart has been allayed: (so accord. to the pointing in the copies of the K:) mentioned by Az. (TA.) A2: The verb from رَوَعٌ [q. v. infrà] is one and the same [whether trans. or intrans.; i. e., you say رَاعَهُ, aor. ـُ inf. n. رَوْعٌ, meaning “He,” or “it, excited his admiration and approval,” &c., as expl. above; and رَاعَ, app. with the same aor. and inf. n., meaning He possessed the quality of exciting admiration and approval by his beauty and the pleasingness of his aspect, or by his courage, &c.; and in like manner, رَاعَتْ, said of a woman]; the trans. verb [in this case] being like the trans. [in other cases], and the intrans. [in this case] like the intrans. [in other cases]: but the regular form, accord. to Az, of the [intrans.] verb hence derived is رَوِعَ, aor. ـْ inf. n. رَوَعٌ. (TA.) A3: رَاعَ فِى يَدِى

كَذَا: see art. ريع. b2: And رَاعَ, aor. ـُ and يَرِيعُ, inf. n. of the former رُوَاعٌ, and of the latter رَيْعٌ: see art. ريع.2 رَوَّعَ see 1, first sentence, in two places.5 تَرَوَّعَ see 1, in the former half of the paragraph.8 إِرْتَوَعَ see 1, in the former half of the paragraph, in two places. b2: ارتاع لِلْخَيْرِ i. q. ارتاح لَهُ [He was affected by alacrity, cheerfulness, briskness, liveliness, or sprightliness, disposing him to promptness to do good; he inclined to, and loved, doing good]. (Az.) رَوْعٌ [see 1, of which it is an inf. n. b2: ] Fright, or fear; (S, K;) as also ↓ رَوعٌ [accord. to some, but this seems to be little known]. (TA.) Hence the saying, أَفْرَخَ رَوْعُهُ His fright, or fear, departed. (S.) Az says, All the lexicologists whom I have met say أَفْرَخَ رَوْعُهُ, with fet-h to the ر [in روعه], except El-Mundhiree, who informs me that AHeyth used to say, It is only ↓ افرخ رَوْعُكَ, with damm. (TA.) Accord. to different relations of a trad., you say, ↓ أَفْرَخَ رُوعُكَ, meaning Fright, or fear, hath departed from thy heart; or may fright, or fear, depart from thy heart; (K, TA;) thus expl. by AHeyth; (TA;) and افرخ رَوْعُكَ, with fet-h; or this latter, only, is the right, and means what thou fearest hath quitted thee, and departed from thee, and become removed; or may what thou fearest quit thee, &c.; as though it were taken from the young bird's going forth from the egg, (K, TA,) and the darkness' becoming removed from it; thus expl. by Aboo-Ahmad El-Hasan Ibn-' Abd-Allah Ibn-Sa'eed El-' Askeree; and AO says that افرخ روعك [thus in the TA, without any syll. signs,] means let thy fright, or fear, depart, for the case is not as thou fearest it to be. (TA.) It is also said, in a trad. of Mo'áwiyeh, that he wrote in a letter to Ziyád, ↓ لِيُفْرِخْ رُوعُكَ, with damm; (K, TA;) but the opinion commonly obtaining with the leading lexicologists is, that it is with fet-h; except AHeyth, who relates it thus, with damm; (TA;) meaning Dismiss thou the رَوْع from thy رُوع; (K, TA;) i. e., the fright, or fear, from thy heart: (TA:) for you say أَفْرَخَتِ البَيْضَةُ when the young bird quits the egg; and رَوْع is fright, or fear, which does not depart from itself, but from its place, which is the رُوع, with damm; (AHeyth, K;) the رَوْع in the رُوع being like the young bird in the egg: in like manner also one says أَفْرَخَ فُؤَادُ الرَّجُلِ when a man's fright, or fear, departs: but Dhu-r-Rummeh, though knowing the meaning, has made an inversion, saying, قَدْ أَفْرَخَتْ عَنْ رُوعِهِ الكُرَبُ [for قَدْ أَفْرَخَ عَنِ الكُرَبِ رُوعُهُ His heart had freed itself from griefs]. (AHeyth, TA.) AHeyth adds, (TA,) one also says, عَنِ الأَمْرِ ↓ أَفْرِخَ رُوعَكَ, or عَلَى الأَمْرِ, [accord. to different copies of the K, the latter being the reading in the TA, but the former probably the right,] meaning [Free thy heart from the affair; i. e.] be thou tranquil, and without fear. (K, TA.) Az observes, What AHeyth says is clear; but I am averse from it because of his being alone in his saying; though sometimes later authorities correct things in which the earlier have erred; therefore the correctness of AHeyth may not be [absolutely] denied in this matter, seeing that he had an ample share of knowledge. (TA.) [See also art. فرخ, in several places.] b3: Also (tropical:) War, or battle; as in the phrase, شَهِدَ الرَّوْعَ (tropical:) [He witnessed, or was present at or in, war, or battle]. (TA.) [See also an ex. in a verse cited voce سَعَفٌ.]

رُوعٌ The heart: (S, Msb, K:) or the part thereof which is the place of رَوْع, i. e. fear: (K, * TA:) or the سَوَاد [or core, &c.,] thereof: (K:) and the mind: (S, Msb, K, * TA:) and the understanding; or intellect. (S, K.) See رَوْعٌ, in five places. You say, وَقَعَ ذٰلِكَ فِى رُوعِى That came into my mind. (S, Msb, * TA.) And it is said in a trad., إِنَّ الرُّوحَ نَفَثَ فِى رُوعِى [Verily the Trusted, or Trusty, Spirit (meaning Gabriel) inspired into my mind, or heart]. (S.) You say also, ثَابِ رُوعُهُ, meaning (assumed tropical:) He went to [app. a mistake for from] a thing, and then returned to it. (TA.) رَوَعٌ The quality of exciting admiration and approval by beauty (S, K) and pleasingness of aspect, or by courage; (K;) the quality denoted by the epithet أَرْوَعُ, applied to a man, (S, K, *) and رَوْعَآءُ, applied to a woman. (S.) [See also 1, near the end of the paragraph.]

رَوِعٌ: see رَائِعٌ; last sentence.

رَوْعَةٌ A fit of fright or fear: (S, K, TA:) pl. رَوَعَاتٌ; (TA;) which is applied by Tarafeh to the frights occasioned by a stallion-camel to a she-camel when he desires to cover her. (EM, p. 66.) It is said in a trad., فَأَعْطَاهُمْ بِرَوْعَةِ الخَيْلِ, meaning And he gave them something for the fright occasioned to their women and their children by the horsemen. (TA.) b2: A trait, or sign, or mark, of beauty [that affects the رُوع, or heart]: (IAar, K:) beauty that excites admiration and approval, or pleases, or rejoices. (TA.) رُوَاعُ الفُؤَادِ and رُوَاعَةُ الفُؤَادِ, applied to a she-camel, Quick, spirited, vigorous; sharp in spirit; syn. شَهْمَةٌ ذَكِيَّةٌ: (K:) and [in like manner]

↓ رَوْعَآءُ, applied to a she-camel and a mare, (S, K,) but not to a male [in this sense, i. e. its masc. form, أَرْوَعُ, is not thus used], (S,) sharp in spirit; syn. حَدِيدَةُ الفُؤَادِ: (S, K:) in the T, رُوَاعٌ, without ة, is applied as an epithet to a mare: and IAar says that ↓ رَوْعَآءُ, thus applied, is not from رَائِعَةٌ, but means one that is as though she were fearful, by reason of her sharpness, and briskness, or lightness, of spirit: he says also, that ↓ أَرْوَعُ, applied to a horse, is like this epithet applied to a man; and IB says, in art. عجس, that, applied to a man, it signifies quickly frightened or afraid: it is also applied to a heart, meaning that is frightened, [or startled,] by reason of its sharpness, at everything that is heard or seen; and so رُوَاعٌ. (TA.) [See also رَائِعٌ, and أَرْوَعُ mentioned and expl. therewith.]

رَائِعٌ [act. part. n. of رَاعَهُ, q. v.,] Frightening; putting in fear; making afraid; [and particu-larly] by its beauty and abundance or multitude. (Lth, TA.) b2: Applied to beauty, That excites admiration and approval in the رُوع [i. e. heart, or mind,] of him who beholds it, and pleases him, or rejoices him. (TA.) Applied to a man, (K, * TA,) as also ↓ أَرْوَعُ (S, K, TA) so applied, (S, TA,) Who excites admiration and approval by his beauty (S, K, TA) and pleasingness of aspect, (K, TA,) with generousness, or nobleness, and excellence, and lordly condition; (TA;) or by his courage: (K, TA:) or the former, beautiful in countenance, who excites admiration and approval by his pleasingness of aspect and by the goodliness of his form or figure or state of apparel and the like: or, as some say, who frightens men by his aspect, inspiring reverence or awe: but the former explanation is the more reasonable: and ↓ the latter epithet, a beautiful man, who excites admiration and approval in him who beholds him: or, as some say, sharp; lively in spirit, and sharp in intellect: (TA:) [see also the next preceding paragraph:] the fem. of the former is with ة: (TA:) that of the latter, ↓ رَوْعَآءُ: (S:) the pl. of رَائِعٌ is أَرْوَاعٌ, (K, * TA,) applied to men, like as رَوَائِعُ [the pl. of رَائِعَةٌ] is to women: (TA:) and the pl. of أَرْوَعُ and رَوْعَآءُ is ↓ رُوعٌ, (K, TA,) applied to men and to women. (TA.) You say also, فَرَسٌ رَائِعٌ A beautiful horse, that frightens (يُرُوعُ, i. e. يُخَوِّفُ, [or rather startles, but better rendered excites admiration and approval in, or pleases, or rejoices,]) the beholder by his beauty: (Mgh:) and فَرَسٌ رَائِعَةٌ, and ↓ رَوْعَآءُ, [but see, respecting the latter, a remark of IAar in the next preceding paragraph,] a mare that excites admiration and approval, or pleases, or rejoices, (تَرُوعُ,) by her generousness, or excellence, or high blood, and her description. (TA.) [See also art. ريع, to which, as well as to the present art., رَائِعٌ, applied to a horse, is said, in the TA, to belong.] And زِينَةٌ رَائِعَةٌ Beautiful ornament. (TA.) And كَلَامٌ رَائِعٌ (tropical:) Surpassing, or excelling, speech, or language. (TA.) A2: Also Frightened, or afraid; and so ↓ رَوِعٌ, with the و unaltered, as though it were of the measure فَعِيلٌ: [or both signify having fright or fear: for] each is a possessive epithet: or the former may be of the measure فَاعِلٌ in the sense of the measure مَفْعُولٌ [and therefore have the signification first given]. (TA.) أَرْوَعُ: fem. رَوْعَآءُ: pl. رُوعٌ: see the two paragraphs next preceding; the former in three places; the latter, in five.

ردف

1 رَدِفَهُ, (T, S, O, Msb, K &c.,) aor. ـَ (K,) inf. n. رَدْفٌ, (MA, KL,) He rode behind him [on the same beast]; (Az, Sh, Zj, T, MA, Msb;) [and] so رَدَفَهُ, [aor. ـُ (M;) and ↓ اردفهُ; (Az, Sh, T, M;) said by IAar to signify the same as رَدِفَهُ: (T:) [or, in other words,] رَدِفَهُ signifies he became to him a رِدْف [meaning a رَدِيف]; and so رَدِفَ لَهُ; for the Arabs often add the ل with a trans. v. that governs an accus. noun; so that they say, سَمِعَ لَهُ and شَكَرَ لَهُ and نَصَحَ لَهُ, meaning سَمِعَهُ and شَكَرَهُ and نَصَحَهُ: (Fr, T:) [and also] he, or it, followed, or came after, him, or it; (S, O, K, and Ham p. 148;) and so رَدِفَ لَهُ; (Ham ibid.;) and رَدَفَهُ, aor. ـُ (K;) and ↓ اردفهُ; (S, K, and Ham ubi suprà;) and ↓ ارتدفهُ also signifies the same as رَدِفَهُ; (K;) رَدِفَهُ and ↓ اردفهُ being like تَبِعَهُ and أَتْبَعَهُ in [form and] meaning: (S:) [↓ رَدَّفَهُ, likewise, appears to be syn. with رَدِفَهُ; or, probably, رُدِّفَهُ, which seems to signify lit. he was made to ride behind him; &c.; for it is said that] the inf. n. تَرْدِيفٌ signifies the coming, or going, behind; as also تَرْدَافٌ: (KL:) and رَدِفْتُهُ also signifies I overtook him and outwent him. (Msb: [explained in my copy by لحقته وسبقته: but I think that سبقته is a mistranscription for تَبِعْتُهُ; and that the meaning therefore is, I overtook him and followed him.]) One says, كَانَ نَزَلَ بِهِمْ أَمْرٌ فَرَدِفَ لَهُمْ آخَرُ أَعْظَمُ مِنْهُ [An event had befallen them, and another, of greater magnitude than it, happened afterwards to them]. (Lth, * T, * S, O.) And أَمْرٌ ↓ اردفهُ is a dial. var. of رَدِفَهُ, meaning An event happened to him afterwards: (S, O:) or رَدِفَهُمُ الأَمْرُ and ↓ أَرْدَفَهُم signify the event came upon them suddenly, or unexpectedly; or came upon them so as to overwhelm them. (M.) It is said in the Kur [xxvii. 74], عَسَى أَنْ يَكُونَ رَدِفَ لَكُمْ بَعْضُ الَّذِى تَسْتَعْجِلُونَ, meaning [Perhaps a portion of that which ye desire to hasten] may have drawn near to you; (Yoo, Fr, T, O,) as though the ل were introduced because the meaning is دَنَا لَكُمْ: or it may mean يَكُونَ رَدِفَكُمْ [may have become close behind you]; (Fr, T, O;) the ل being introduced for a reason mentioned above, as in سَمِعَ لَهُ &c. for سَمِعَهُ &c.: (Fr, T:) El-Aaraj read رَدَفَ لكم. (O.) and Khuzeymeh Ibn-Málik Ibn-Nahd says, الثُّرَيَّا ↓ إِذَا الجَوْزَآءُ أَرْدَفَتِ ظَنَنْتُ بِآلِ فَاطِمَةَ الظُّنُونَا [When Orion, or Gemini, shall ride behind, or closely follow, the Pleiades, (an event which will never occur,) I will form in my mind, respecting the family (meaning the father) of Fátimeh, opinions]: (S, O:) cited by Fr [and by J] as an ex. of اردفت in the sense of رَدِفَت: (T:) he means Fátimeh the daughter of Yedhkur Ibn-'Anazeh, who [i. e. Yedhkur] was one of the قَارِظَان. (S, O. [Respecting the قارظان, see art. قَرظ.]) 2 رَدَّفَ see 1, in the former half of the paragraph.3 رادفت الدَّابَّةُ The beast allowed a رَدِيف [to ride it], and was strong enough to bear him; as also ↓ اردفت [accord. to some]. (Msb.) You say, هَذِهِ دَابَّةٌ لَا تُرَادِفُ (T, S, M, O, K) and ↓ لَا تُرْدِفُ, (Lth, M, O, K,) but the latter is rare, (K,) or post-classical, of the language of the people of towns and villages, (T, O,) and not allowable, (T,) This beast will not allow a رَدِيف (Lth, T, M) to ride it; (Lth, T;) will not bear a رديف. (S, O, K.) b2: مُرَادَفَةُ الجَرَادِ signifies The mounting of [locusts one behind, or upon, another;] the male locust upon the female, and the third upon those two. (S, O, K.) b3: And مُرَادَفَةُ المُلُوكِ is [a phrase meaning The acting as a رِدْف, or as أَرْدَاف, to the kings,] from الرِّدَافَةُ [q. v.]. (O, K.) Jereer, who was of the Benoo-Yarbooa, to whom pertained the رِدَافَة in the Time of Ignorance, says, رَبَعْنَا وَرَادَفْنَا المُلُوكَ فَظَلِّلُوا وطَابَ الأَحَالِيبِ الثُّمَامَ المُنَزَّعَا [We have taken the fourth part of the spoils, and we have acted as أَرْدَاف to the kings; therefore shade ye the skins of the camel-loads of milk collected from the camels in the pasture with panic grass plucked up, and so make it cool for us]: (S, * O:) وِطَاب is the pl. of the وَطْب of milk. (S.) b4: [In the conventional language of lexicology, رادفهُ, inf. n. مُرَادَفَةٌ, signifies It was synonymous with it; i. e. a word with another word: as though the former supplied the place of the latter, like as the رِدْف supplied the place of the king. See also 6.]4 أَرْدَفْتُهُ, (T, S, Msb,) inf. n. إِرْدَافٌ, (Msb,) I made him to ride (Sh, Zj, T, S, Msb) behind me, (Sh, * Zj, T, Msb,) or with me, (S,) on the back of the [same] beast; and so ↓ اِرْتَدَفْتُهُ: (Msb:) or ↓ ارتدفهُ signifies he placed him behind him on the beast: (M:) and أَرْدَفْتُهُ مَعَهُ I made him to ride with him [or behind him, on the same beast]. (O, K.) b2: And اردف الشَّىْءَ بِالشَّىْءِ and اردفهُ عَلَيْهِ He made the thing to follow the thing. (M.) b3: See also 1, in six places. b4: اردفت النُّجُومُ, [بَعْضُهَا بَعْضًا being app. understood,] The stars followed one another. (S, O, K.) [See also 6.]

b5: See also 3, in two places.6 تَرَادُفٌ is syn. with تَتَابُعٌ. (T, S, O.) Yousay, تَرَادَفَا They followed each other. (K.) and ترادف القَوْمُ The people, or party, followed one another: and in like manner one says of anything following another thing. (Msb.) [See also 4.] And ترادف الشَّىْءُ The thing was, or became, consecutive in its parts; one part of the thing followed another. (M.) b2: It is also a word alluding to a certain foul act: (M, O:) from الرِّدْفُ signifying العَجُزُ. (M.) You say, (of two boys, or young men, TK,) تَرَادَفَا meaning تَنَاكَحَا. (K.) b3: And تَرَادَفُوا عَلَيْهِ They aided, helped, or assisted, one another against him. (As, S.) And تَرَادَفَا They aided, helped, or assisted, each other; (O, K;) as also ترافدا. (O.) b4: As a conventional term in lexicology, تَرَادُفٌ signifies Synonymousness; or the being synonymous. (Mz, 27th نوع; and Kull p. 130.) [You say, of two words, يَتَرَادَفَانِ They are synonymous. See also 3: and see مُتَرَادِفٌ.]8 إِرْتَدَفَ see 1, in the former half of the paragraph: b2: and see also 4, in two places. b3: You say also, ارتدفهُ meaning He came behind him; syn. اِسْتَدْبَرَهُ. (S, O.) And ارتدف العَدُوَّ He took the enemy, or seized him, or took him captive, or gained the mastery over him and slew him, coming from behind him; syn. أَخَذَهُ مِنْ وَرَائِهِ

أَخْذًا. (K.) أَتَيْنَا فُلَانًا فَارْتَدَ فْنَاهُ is explained by Ks as meaning أَخَذْنَاهُ &c. as above [i. e. We came to such a one, and took him, &c.]. (T, S, M, * O.) 10 استردفهُ He asked him to make him [or to let him] ride behind him on the back of the beast. (S, * O, Msb, K. *) رِدْفٌ: see رَدِيفٌ, in two places. b2: Also A sequent of a thing; (T, S, M, O, Msb, K;) whatever that sequent be: (S, O, Msb, K:) pl. أَرْدَافٌ, which is its pl. in all its senses; (M;) and is particularly applied to the [stars that are] followers of [other] stars; (T, M, O;) [and] its pl. is [also]

رُدَافَى; (T;) which is particularly applied to drivers of camels; or drivers who urge camels, or excite them, by singing to them: (T, S, K:) and to aids, assistants, or auxiliaries; (S, K;) [as being a man's followers; or] because, when any one of them is fatigued, another takes his place: (S:) or, as some say, رُدَافَى is syn. with رَدِيفٌ: (T:) or it is also syn. with رَدِيفٌ, and (O, K) some say, (O,) a pl. thereof. (O, K.) b3: The night: and the day: (K:) الرِّدْفَانِ signifying the night and the day, (T, S, O, K,) because each of them is a رِدْف to the other: (T:) and the morning, between daybreak and sunrise, and the evening, between sunset and nightfall; as also الأَبْرَدَانِ and البَرْدَانِ. (T in art. برد.) b4: The consequence of an event, or affair; (S, O, K;) as also ↓ رَدَفٌ. (O, K.) So the former in the saying, هٰذَا أَمْرٌ لَيْسَ لَهُ رِدْفُ [This is an event, or affair, that has not, or will not have, any consequence, or result]. (S, O.) [So too ↓ رَدِيفٌ; the phrase ↓ الرَّدِيفُ وَالمَرْدُوفُ meaning The consequence and that of which it is the consequence.] b5: The hinder part of anything. (M.) b6: The posteriors, or buttocks, (S, M, O, Msb,) or peculiarly, accord. to some, (M,) of a woman: pl. أَرْدَافٌ; (M, Msb;) with which رَوَادِفُ is syn., but [ISd says,] I know not whether it be an extr. pl. of رِدْفٌ, or pl. of ↓ رَادِفَةٌ. (M.) b7: رِدْفُ المَلِكِ He who, in the Time of Ignorance, supplied the place of the king, (T, M,) in the management of the affairs of the realm, like the وَزِير in the time of El-Islám, (T,) or like the صَاحِبُ الشُّرْطَة in this our age: (M:) in the Time of Ignorance, (S,) he who sat on the right hand of the king, and, when the king drank, drank after him, before others, and, when the king went to war, sat in his place, (S, O, K, *) and was his vicegerent over the people until he returned, and, on the return of the king's army, took the fourth of the spoil: (S, O:) he also rode behind the king upon his horse: (Har p. 321:) pl. أَرْدَافٌ. (T, S, M.) [See also الرِّدَافَةُ.] b8: الرِّدْفُ [is also a name of] The bright star [a] on the tail of the constellation الدَّجَاجَة [i. e. Cygnus; which star is also called الذَّنَبُ, and ذَنَبُ الدَّجَاجَةِ]; (Kzw;) a certain star near to النَّسْرُ الوَاقِعُ [or a of Lyra]; (Lth, M, O, K;) and (M) so ↓ الرَّدِيفُ; (S, M, O;) or this is another star near to النسر الواقع. (K.) And رِدْفُ الثُّرَيَّا i. q. الجَوْزَآءُ [i. e. either Orion or Gemini]. (O.) b9: Lebeed applies the dual رِدْفَانِ to Two sailors in the hinder part of a ship. (O, K.) رَدَفٌ: see رِدْفٌ, in the former half of the paragraph.

بَهْمٌ رَدْفَى Lambs, or kids, brought forth in the خرِيف [or autumn], and in the صَيْف [meaning spring], in the last part of the period in which sheep, or goats, bring forth. (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K.) رِدَافٌ The place upon which the رَدِيف, or رِدْف rides. (S, M, O, K.) b2: See also the next paragraph.

رَدِيفٌ One who rides behind another (S, M, O, Msb, K) on the back of the [same] beast; (Msb;) as also ↓ رِدْفٌ (S, M, O, Msb, K) and ↓ مُرْتَدِفٌ: (S, K:) the pl. (M, K) of the first (M) is رُدَافَى, (M, K, [in my copy of the Msb ردفى, which is app. a mistranscription, and there said to be irreg.,]) or the pl. of رَدِيفٌ is رِدَافٌ, (S, [so in both of my copies,]) and رُدَفَآءُ: (M:) and ↓ رُدَافَى is used as a sing., syn. with رَدِيفٌ, (T, K,) accord. to some, (T,) as well as pl. [thereof]: (K:) or it is pl. of رِدْفٌ [q. v.]. (T.) [Hence,] one says, جَاؤُوا رُدَافَى They came following one another. (K.) [Hence,] also, A حَقِيبَة, and the like, that is [conveyed] behind a man; [i. e. a bag, or receptacle, in which a man puts his travellingprovisions; and any other thing that is conveyed behind a man on his beast;] and so ↓ رِدْفٌ. (M.) b2: See also رِدْفٌ, in two places. b3: Also A star rising in the east, when its opposite star is setting in the west. (S, O, K.) And (K) A star facing a rising star: (Lth, M, O, * K:) used in this sense by Ru-beh; who terms the rising star رَاكِبُ المِقْدَارِ. (Lth, M.) b4: Also One who brings his arrow after the winning of one of the players at the game called المَيْسِر, or of two of them, and asks them to insert his arrow among theirs: (O, K:) or ↓ رِدَافٌ [so in the M accord. to the TT, but app. a mistranscription,] signifies one who brings his arrow after they have divided among themselves the slaughtered camel, and who is not turned back by them disappointed, but is assigned by them a portion of what has become their shares. (M.) الرِّدَافَةُ The function of the رِدْف of a king, (S, O, K,) in the Time of Ignorance: (S: [see رِدْفٌ:]) a term similar to الخِلَافَةُ: (K:) it pertained to the Benoo-Yarbooa, in that time; because there were not among the Arabs any who waged war more than they did against the kings of El-Heereh, who therefore made peace with them on the condition that the ردافة should be assigned to them and that they should abstain from waging war against the people of El-'Irák: (S, O:) it was of two kinds; one being the riding behind the king upon his horse; and the other, what has been explained above, as from the S, voce رِدْفٌ. (Har p. 321.) رُدَافَى: see رَدِيفٌ [of which it is said to be a syn. and also a pl., or pl. of رِدْفٌ, q. v.].

الرَّادِفَةُ, in the Kur lxxix. 7, means The second blast [of the horn on the day of resurrection]: (S, O, Bd, Jel, and K in art. رجف:) or the heaven, and the stars, which shall be cleft and scattered. (Bd.) [See also الرَّاجِفَةُ.] b2: See also رِدْفٌ. b3: رَوَادِفُ is pl. of رَادِفَةٌ and of ↓ رَادُوفٌ. (K.) It signifies The [shoots that are termed] رَوَاكِيب [pl. of رَاكُوبٌ q. v. voce. رَاكِبٌ] of the palm-tree. (S, O, K.) And Streaks [or layers] of fat, overlying one another, in the hinder part of a camel's hump: those in the fore part are called رَوَاكِبُ. (O * and K * in the present art., and A and K and TA in art. ركب.) رَادُوفٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

المَرْدُوفُ as opposed to الرَّدِيفُ: see رِدْفٌ.]

مُرَادِفُ لَفْظٍ, in the conventional language of lexicology, A synonym of a word or expression. (Mz, 27th نوع.) [See 3, last signification: and see also مُتَرَادِفُ.]

مُرْتَدِفٌ: see رَدِيفٌ, first sentence.

مُتَرَادِفٌ, as a conventional term in lexicology, Synonymous: you say أَلْفَاظٌ مُتَرَادِفَةٌ synonymous words or expressions. (Mz, 27th نوع.) [Loosely explained in the K by the words أَنْ يَكُونَ اسْمًا لِشّىْءٍ وَاحِدٍ, meaning significant of one thing; which is the contr. of مُشْتَرَكٌ, i. e. “ homonymous: ” and in like manner, المُتَرَادِفَةُ is expl. in the O, ان تكون أَسْمَآءً لشىءٍ واحدٍ; and is said to be post-classical.] مُتَرَادِفَاتٌ [its pl. when used as a subst.] signifies Synonyms; i. e. single, or simple, words denoting the same thing considered in one and the same respect or light: thus the مُتَرَادِفَانِ differ from the noun and the definition [thereof], because these [generally] are not both single words; and from the مُتَبَايِنَانِ [or “ two disparates ”] such as السَّيْفُ and الصَّارِمُ, because these denote the same thing considered in two different respects, the one in respect of the substance, and the other in respect of the quality: (Fakhred-Deen [Er-Rázee] in the Mz, 27th نوع:) or they may be two simple words, as اللَّيْثُ and الأَسَدُ; and two compound expressions, as, جُلُوسُ اللَّيْثِ and قُعُودُ الأَسَدِ; and a single word and a compound expression, as المُزُّ and الحُلْوُ الحَامِضُ. (Kull p. 130.) [See also مُرَادِفُ لَفْظٍ.] [This art. is wanting in the copies of the L and TA to which I have had access.]

ربق

1 رَبَقَهُ, aor. ـُ (S, Msb, K) and رَبَقَ, (S, K,) inf. n. رَبْقٌ, (JK, S, Msb,) He put his head (i. e. the head of a kid, S, K, or of a lamb, K, or of a sheep or goat, Msb) into the رِبْقْة, (S, K,) or into the رِبْق: (Msb:) or, accord. to the M, he made fast, or bound or tied fast or firmly, him, or it, in the رِبْقَة: (TA:) or he made fast, or bound or tied fast or firmly, his (a sheep's or goat's) neck with the رِبْق, or cord: (JK:) and ↓ ربّقهُ, inf. n. تَرْبِيقٌ, he made fast, or bound or tied fast or firmly, him, or it, in the رِبَاق [pl. of رِبْقٌ or of رِبْقَةٌ]. (TA.) b2: [Hence,] رَبَقَهُ فِى الأَمْرِ, (Msb, K,) aor. ـُ inf. n. رَبْقٌ, (Msb,) (assumed tropical:) He made him to fall into the thing, or affair. (Msb, K.) b3: رَبْقٌ also signifies The act of making fast; or binding, or tying, fast, or firmly; and so رِبْقٌ; (K;) each as an inf. n. of رَبَقَهُ. (TK.) 2 ربّق [He prepared the أَرْبَاق, pl. of رِبْقٌ]. One says, رَمَّدِتِ الضَّأْنُ فَرَبّقْ رَبّقْ, i.e. [The ewes have secreted milk in their udders: therefore] prepare thou the أَرْبَاق: prepare thou the ارباق: for they will bring forth soon: (S, K:) because they [begin to] secrete milk in their udders عَلَى

رَأْسِ الوَلَدِ [i. e. at the time of bringing forth, or when about to produce the young]. (S.) It is not thus in the case of she-goats: therefore, (S,) in the case of these, one says رَنّقْ, with ن, (S, K,) meaning “ wait thou: ” because they show sings of pregnancy in the state of their udders, and bring forth after some length of time: and [in the case of these] one says also رَمِّقْ, with م. (K. [See arts. رمق and رنق.]) b2: One also says, رَبَّقَ أَثْنَآءَ الحَبْلِ, meaning He made loops in the middle of the rope to put upon the necks of the young lambs or kids. (T in art. ثنى.) b3: See also 1. b4: رَبَّقْتُ الكَلَامَ I interlarded, or embel-lished, the speech, or discourse, with falsehood; as also رَمَّقْتُهُ; syn. لَفَّقْتُ بَيْنَهُ; (JK;) [or لَفَّقْتُهُ; for] تَرْبِيقُ الكَلَامِ signifies تَلْفِيقُهُ; (Ibn-'Abbád, K;) as also تَرْمِيقُهُ. (Ibn-'Abbád.) 5 تَرَبَّقْتُ الشَّىْءَ, (JK,) or تربّقتهُ مِنْ عُنُقِى, (Ibn-'Abbád, K,) (tropical:) I hung the thing upon my neck. (JK, Ibn-'Abbád, K, TA.) 8 ارتبق He (a kid) had his head put into the رِبْقَة. (S.) b2: [Hence,] ارتبق فِى حِبَالَتِى He (a gazelle, S, K) became caught in my snare. (Lh, JK, S, K.) b3: And ارتبقتُ فِى حِبَالَتِهِ (tropical:) I became caught in [the snare of] his deceit. (TA.) b4: And ارتبق فِى الأَمْرِ (assumed tropical:) He fell into the thing, or affair. (Msb, K.) A2: اِرْتَبَقْتُهُ لِنَفْسِى I tied, bound, or made fast, him, or it, for myself. (TA.) رِبْقٌ A cord having in it a number of loops wherewith lambs, or kids, are tied, or made fast; any one of which loops is termed ↓ رِبْقَةٌ (S, Msb, K) and ↓ رَبْقَةٌ: (K:) or a cord which is doubled in the form of a ring, into which is put the head of a sheep or goat, and which is then tied, or made fast: so, says Az, I have heard from the Arabs of the desert of Benoo-Temeem: (TA:) pl. [of mult.] رِبَاقٌ (S, Msb, K) and رِبَقٌ and [of pauc.] أَرْبَاقٌ. (S, K.) b2: Hence, (TA,) خَلَعَ الإِسْلَامِ مِنْ عُنُقِهِ ↓ رِبْقَةَ, (S, Msb, TA,) occurring in a trad., (S,) (tropical:) He cast off the tie of El-Islám, (Msb, TA,) with which he had bound himself, (TA,) [from his neck.] (Msb, TA. [See also خَلَعَ.]) And لَكُمُ العَهْدُ مَا لَمْ تَأْكُلُوا الرِّبَاقَ, also occurring in a trad., (S,) meaning (tropical:) [The covenant is yours] as long as ye sever not the tie with which ye are bound; this tie being likened to the رِبْق upon the necks of lambs or kids; and the severing thereof, to the beast's eating its رِبْق, and severing it; for thereby the beast becomes free from the tie. (TA.) And in a trad. of 'Omar, حُجُّوا بِالذُّرِّيَّةِ لَا تَأْكُلُوا أَرْزَاقَهَا وَتَذَرُوا أَرْبَاقَهَا فِى

أَعْنَاقِهَا [Perform ye the pilgrimage with the women: devour not their means of subsistence, while ye leave their ties upon their necks]: he likens the obligations imposed upon them to ارباق. (TA.) One says also, ↓ حَلَّ رِبْقَتَهُ, meaning (tropical:) He removed from him his anxiety: (K, TA:) and so ↓ قَطَعَ رِبْقَتَهُ. (TA.) رَبْقَةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

رِبْقَةٌ: see رِبْقٌ, in four places. b2: Also A thing woven of black wool, of the width of the تِكَّة [or band of the drawers or trowsers], in which is a red stripe of dyed wool: its extremities are tied together, and then it is hung upon the neck [or shoulder] of a boy, so that one of his arms comes forth from it like as when a man puts forth one of his arms from the suspensory of the sword: the Arabs of the desert hang the رِبَق [pl. of رِبْقَةٌ] upon the necks of their boys only as a preservative from the [evil] eye. (T, TA.) رِبِقَّانٌ and رِبِقَّانَةٌ Evil in disposition: applied to a man; and in like manner to a woman: mentioned by As and in the K in art. عبق [where, in some copies, it is written رَبْقَانُ]. (TA.) رَبِيقٌ, (TA,) or رَبِيقَةٌ, (S, Msb, K,) applied to a lamb or kid (بَهْمَة), (ISk, S, K,) or to a sheep or goat (شَاة), (Msb, TA,) Having its head put into the رِبْقَة; (ISk, S, Msb, K, TA;) as also ↓ مَرْبُوقَةٌ (ISk, JK, S, Msb, K) and ↓ مُرَبَّقَةٌ. (JK, TA.) أُمُّ الرُّبَيْقِ Calamity, or misfortune: (JK, S, K:) whence the prov., جَآءَنَا بِأمِّ الرُّبَيْقِ عَلَى أُرَيْقِ, (TA,) meaning He brought us a great calamity, or misfortune: (K in art. ارق:) As says that the Arabs assert it to have been said by a man who saw the ghool upon a dusky white camel (جَمَل

أَوْرَق); (S in that art., and TA;) أُرَيْق being the dim. of أَوْرَق: (K in that art.:) or امّ الربيق is a name of war, or battle: or the viper: (JK, Ibn-'Abbád, TA:) this last signification is held to be correct by Z, because, he says, the viper is short, and when it folds itself it resembles the رِبَق (TA.) تِرْبِيقٌ A cord with which a ewe, or goat, is tied (K, TA) by the neck. (TA.) مُرْبِقٌ i. q. مُطْرِقٌ [Silent: or lowering the eyes, looking towards the ground: &c.]. (JK, TA.) مُرَبَّقَةٌ: see رَبِيقٌ.

A2: Also, [or خُبْزَةٌ مُرَبَّقَةٌ,] A cake of bread, or one baked in ashes, into which fat has been put; syn. خُبْزَةٌ مُشَحَّمَةٌ. (K.) مَرْبُوقَةٌ: see رَبِيقٌ

رمق

1 رَمَقَهُ, (S, Mgh, K,) aor. ـُ (S, Mgh,) inf. n. رَمْقٌ, (S,) He looked at him, or it; (S, TA;) as also ↓رَامقهُ: (TA:) or he glanced lightly at him, or it; looked at him, or it, lightly, from the outer angle of the eye: (IDrd, K, TA:) or he looked long at him, or it; (Mgh;) or so رَمَقَهُ بِعَيْنِهِ, aor. and inf. n. as above: (Msb:) whence, in a trad., فَرَمَقَهُ النَّاسُ بِأَبْصَارهِمْ [And the people looked long at him]: (Mgh:) or رَمَقْتُهُ بِبَصَرِى and ↓ رَامَقْتُهُ signify I followed him with my eye, paying attention to him, and watching him: (TA:) and ↓ رامقهُ, (TA,) inf. n. رِمَاقٌ, (K, * TA,) he looked at him from the outer angle of the eye with a look of enmity: (K, * TA:) and ↓ رمّقهُ, inf. n. تَرْميقٌ, he looked at him long from the outer angle of the eye with anger or aversion: (TA:) and ↓ رمّق, inf. n. as above, he continued looking; like رنّق. (S, TA.) 2 رمّقهُ He, or it, stayed, or arrested, what remained in him of life. (TA.) [Hence,] هُمْ يُرَمِّقُونَهُ بِشَىْءٍ They give him something sufficient to stay, or arrest, what remains in him of life. (O, TA.) b2: [The inf. n.] تَرْمِيقٌ also signifies The scanting of fodder and drink. (JK.) b3: [and The drinking little by little.] One says, رَمَّدَتِ المِعْزَى فَرَمِّقْ رَمِّقْ, meaning [The she-goats have secreted milk in their udders: therefore] drink thou their milk little by little; drink thou &c.: (IF, K, TA:) because they secrete milk some days before their bringing forth: (IF, TA:) or because they will bring forth after a while. (K, TA. [See also arts. رمد and ربق and رنق : and see 5 in the present art.]) b4: Also The doing a work not well, yet so as to satisfy oneself, or to attain one's desire, thereby. (K, TA. [See also 3.]) You say, هُوَيُرَمِّقُ فِى الشَّىْءِ He does not exert himself, or take pains, or exceed the usual bounds, in doing the thing. (TA.) And رَمِّقْ عَلَى مَزَادَتَيْكَ Repair thou thy pair of leathern water-bags sufficiently to satisfy thyself. (O, TA.) b5: And The interlarding, or embellishing, of speech, or discourse, with falsehood; تَرْمِيقُ الكَلَامِ signifying تَلْقِيقُهُ; (Ibn-'Abbád, K;) as also تَرْبِيقُهُ. (Ibn-'Abbád and K in art. ربق.) You say, رمّق الكَلَامَ He interlarded, or embellished, the speech, or discourse, with falsehood, (لَفَّقَهُ, Z, or لَفَّقَ بَيْنَهُ, JK,) [adding] thing after thing, or thing by thing. (Z, TA.) A2: See also 1, in two places.3 رَاْمَقَ [رامق seems to signify He strove, or contended, to retain what remained in him of life. And hence, as implying this meaning, He was at the last gasp: see مُرَامِق, below. Whence, app.,] the inf. n. مُرَامَقَةٌ signifies (assumed tropical:) The having little friendship [remaining in the heart]. (KL. [See, again, مُرَامِقٌ.]) One says, هٰذِهِ النَّخْلَةُ تُرَامِقُ بِعِرْقٍ

لَا تَحْيَا وَلَا تَمُوتُ; or لَا يَحْيَا وَلَا يَمُوتُ; [as though meaning, accord. to the former reading, This palm-tree strives to retain life with a root, being neither alive nor dead; or, accord. to the latter reading, with a root that is neither alive nor dead;] (S; [in one of my copies of which I find only the former reading; and in the other, both readings;]) or هٰذِهِ النَّخْلَةُ تُرَامِقُ بِعِرْقٍ means this palm-tree is neither alive nor dead. (K.) and فُلَانٌ يُرَامِقُ عَيْشَهُ i. e. يُدَارِيهِ [app. meaning Such a one strives by artful means to preserve his life]. (TA.) b2: [The inf. n.] رِمَاقٌ also signifies The being hypocritical, or acting hypocritically; (K, TA;) [like رِفَاقٌ; see 3 in art. رفق;] which is nearly the same in meaning as مُدَارَاةٌ; because the hypocrite strives to deceive by lying: mentioned by Hr in the “ Ghareebeyn. ” (TA.) b3: رامق الأَمْرَ, (S, K,) inf. n. مُرَامَقَةٌ, (TA,) He did, or performed, the thing, or affair, unfirmly, or unsoundly. (S, K, TA. [See also 2.]) A2: See also 1, in three places.4 أَرْمَقَ [ارمق is said by Golius, on the authority of a gloss in the KL, to signify He rendered water turbid; for ارنق.]5 ترمّق He drank milk little by little. (K. [See also 2.]) And He supped, or sipped, water, (S, K,) &c., sup after sup, or sip after sip. (K.) 9 ارمقّ It (a skin, or hide, إِهَابٌ,) was, or became, thin. (K.) b2: Hence, said of life or the means of subsistence (العَيْشُ) [as meaning (assumed tropical:) It was, or became, narrow in its circumstances, or scanty; like رَقَّ]. (TA.) b3: It (an affair, S, or a thing, IDrd, K,) was, or became, weak; (IDrd, S, K;) and so ↓ ارماقّ said of a rope: (S, K:) or the former verb, said of a rope, it was, or became, weak in its strands. (IDrd, TA.) b4: ارمقّت الغَنَمُ The sheep, or goats, died: (IDrd, K:) and ↓ ارماقّت they (sheep, or goats,) perished, or died, by reason of leanness, or emaciation: (Ibn-'Abbád, TA:) or ارماقّ signifies he perished, or died, by reason thereof. (K.) b5: ارمقّ الطَّرِيقُ The road was, or became, long. (TA: but the verb is there written without the sheddeh.) 11 إِرْمَاْقَّ see 9, in two places.

رَمَقٌ The remains of life, (Lth, K,) or of the spirit, (S, Mgh, Msb,) or of the soul; (IDrd, TA;) or the last breath: (TA:) and applied also to strength: (Msb:) pl. أَرْمَاقٌ. (K.) It is said that a man in a case of necessity may eat of that which has died a natural death مَايَسُدُّ الرَّمَقَ, i. e. [What will stay, or arrest, the remains of life; or] what will maintain, and preserve, the strength. (Msb.) [In like manner, also,] one says, of sustenance, يُمْسِكُ الرَّمَقَ [It stays, or arrests, the remains of life; or maintains the strength]. (S, Msb, K.) b2: See also رُمْقَةٌ.

A2: Also A flock of sheep, or herd of goats: (S, K:) a Pers\. word, (S,) arabicized, (S, K,) from رَمَهْ. (K.) عَيْشً رَمِقٌ Sustenance that stays, or arrests, the remains of life; or that maintains the strength; expl. by يُمْسِكُ الرَّمَقَ. (IF, Msb, K.) A2: [and accord. to Golius, on the authority of a gloss in the KL, رَمِقٌ is used for رَوْنَقٌ, as signifying Fairness, beauty, or brightness: and also as meaning Bright, and clear.]

رُمُقٌ, a pl., signifying Poor men, who are satisfied with little sustenance, such as suffices to stay, or arrest, the remains of life, or to maintain the strength: b2: and envying persons: sing. ↓ رَامِقٌ and ↓ رَمُوقٌ: (IAar, K, TA:) which signifies one. who looks at men from the outer angle of the eye and with envy. (IAar, TA.) مَا فِى عَيْشِهِ إِلَّا رُمْقَةٌ, (JK, K,) with damm, (K,) or ↓ رَمَقَةٌ, (S, [so in both of my copies,]) and ↓ رِمَاقٌ, (S,) or ↓ رَمَاقٌ, (JK,) or both, and ↓ رَمَقٌ, (K,) There is not in his means of subsistence save what is but just sufficient: (S, K:) or a small supply, that may stay, or arrest, the remains of life, or that may maintain the strength. (K.) The Arabs said, مَوْتٌ لَا يَجُرُّ إِلَى عَارٍ خَيْرٌ

↓ مِنْ عَيْشٍ فِى رَمَاقٍ [Death that does not lead to disgrace is better than life with a bare sufficiency of sustenance]. (Yaakoob, TA.) رَمَقَةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

رَمَاقٌ: see رُمْقَةٌ, in two places.

رِمَاقٌ, Straitness, or narrowness, of the means of subsistence. (K. [In the CK, for الضِّيقُ is put الضَّيِّقُ, which makes the meaning to be “ strait,” or “ narrow,” as applied to the means of subsistence.]) b2: See also رُمْقَةٌ.

رَمُوقٌ: see رُمُقٌ.

رُمَّقٌ Weak; (K;) applied to a man. (TA.) رَامِقٌ, applied to a man, i. q. ذُو رَمَقٍ [i. e. Having, or retaining, remains of life: a possessive epithet, of the class of لَابِنٌ and تَامِرٌ & c.]. (TA.) b2: See also رُمُقٌ. [And see مُرَامِقٌ.]

A2: Also The bird that the sportsman sets up in order that the falcon, or hawk, may alight upon it and so he may capture it; (K;) also called رَامِجٌ and مِلْوَاحٌ: he takes an owl, and ties something black to its leg, and sews up its eyes, and ties to its shanks a long string; and when the falcon, or hawk, alights upon it, he captures it from his lurking-place: mentioned by Lth and by IDrd; and thought by the latter to be not a genuine Arabic word. (TA.) حَبْلٌ أَرْمَاقٌ [in which the latter word is a pl., like أَرْمَاثٌ in the phrase حَبْلٌ أَرْمَاثٌ,] A rope that is weak, (S, K, TA,) old and worn out. (TA.) عَيْشٌ مُرْمَقٌّ and ↓ مُرَمَّقٌ Mean, paltry, or scanty, means of subsistence. (S, O.) And هُوَ مُرْمَقُّ العَيْشِ, (A 'Obeyd, K,) and ↓ مُرَمَّقُهُ, (IDrd, K,) He is one who has mean, paltry, or scanty, means of subsistence: (A 'Obeyd, K:) or he is straitened in the means of subsistence. (IDrd, K.) b2: مُرْمَقٌّ also signifies Anything bad, or corrupt. (TA.) مُرَمَّقٌ: see the next preceding paragraph, in two places.

مُرَامِقٌ One who is at the last gasp. (TA.) [See also رَامِقٌ.] b2: And (assumed tropical:) One who has but little love, or affection, for thee remaining in his heart. (S, K.) يَرْمُوقٌ A weak-sighted man. (IDrd, K.)

رذل

1 رَذُلَ, (T, S, M, Msb, K,) aor. ـُ (T, S, K,) inf. n. رَذَالَةٌ (T, S, M, Msb, K) and رُذُلَةٌ; (S, M, Msb, K;) and رَذِلَ, aor. ـَ (Sgh, K;) He (a man) was, or became, low, base, vile, mean, or contemptible; (T, S, M, K;) in his aspect, and in his states, or circumstances: (T:) or it (a thing, M, Msb, K, of any kind, M, K) was, or became, bad, corrupt, vile, base, abominable, or disapproved. (M, Msb, K.) A2: رَذَلَهُ, (S, M, K,) aor. ـُ inf. n. رَذْلٌ; (M, TA;) and ↓ ارذلهُ; (S, K;) He made, or pronounced, him (a man) to be low, base, vile, mean, or contemptible: (S, * M, K, * TA:) or he made, or pronounced, it (a thing of any kind) to be bad, corrupt, vile, base, abominable, or disapproved. (M, K. *) You say, دَرَاهِمَ ↓ ارذل, (T,) or مِنْ دَرَاهِمِى كَذَا, (TA,) He (a man, T, or a money-changer, TA) pronounced, or showed, dirhems or pieces of money, or such of my dirhems or pieces of money, to be bad; syn. فَسَّلَهَا. (T, TA.) And غَنَمِى ↓ ارذل [He pronounced my sheep, or goats, to be bad; or he disapproved, or refused, them]. (T, TA.) And مِنْ رِجَالِهِ كَذَا وَكَذَا رَجُلًا ↓ ارذل (T, TA) He disapproved, or refused, [as low, base, &c.,] of his men, such and such men. (TA.) 4 ارذل He had low, base, vile, mean, or contemptible, companions. (K.) A2: As a trans. v.: see 1, in four places.10 استرذلهُ [He reckoned him or esteemed him, or he found him to be, or he desired that he might be, low, base, vile, mean, or contemptible: or he reckoned it or esteemed it, or found it to be, or desired that it might be, bad, corrupt, vile, base, abominable, or disapproved:] contr. of اِسْتَجَادَهُ. (O, K.) Hence the trad., مَا اسْتَرْذَلَ اللّٰهُ عَبْدًا إِلَّا حَظَرَ عَنْهُ العِلْمَ وَالأَدَبَ [God desires not that a servant (meaning a man) may be low, base, vile, mean or contemptible, but He withholds from him knowledge, or science, and discipline of the mind, or good qualities and attributes of the mind or soul, &c.]. (O, TA.) رَذْلٌ (T, S, M, Msb, K) and ↓ رُذَالٌ (S, K) and ↓ رَذِيلٌ and ↓ أَرْذَلُ (M, K) applied to a man, Low, base, vile, mean, or contemptible; (T, S, M, K;) in his aspect, and in his states, or circumstances: (T:) or, applied to a thing (M, Msb, K) of any kind, (M, K,) bad, corrupt, vile, base, abominable, or disapproved: (M, Msb, K:) fem. of the first with ة: (M, Msb:) pl. [of pauc.], of the first, أَرْذُلٌ, (Msb,) or [of the same,] أَرْذَالٌ, (T, S, M, O, and so in some copies of the K,) [or this is more probably pl. of ↓ رَذِيلٌ, accord. to analogy,] and رُذُولٌ (S, M, K) and رُذَالٌ, (M, K,) which is of a rare form, (M,) [in the CK رُذّالٌ,] and رَذْلُونَ, (T,) [which is applied only to rational beings,] and (of ↓ رَذِيلٌ, TA) رُذَلَآءُ, (S, M, K,) and, of the pl. أَرْذُلٌ, (Msb, [but] said in the O to be of [the pl.] أَرْذَالٌ, TA,) أَرَاذِلُ, (T, Msb, TA, and so in some copies of the K in the place of أَرْذَالٌ,) and [of ↓ الأَرْذَلُ,] الأَرْذَلُونَ, (T, M, K,) [which is applied only to rational beings, and is said in the M and TA to be used only with the article ال prefixed to it, but is written without the ال in the K.] You say رَجُلٌ رَذْلُ الثِّيَابِ and الفِعْلِ [A man mean, or bad, &c., in respect of clothes and of action]. (T, TA.) And ثَوْبٌ رَذْلٌ A dirty, bad, or vile, garment; (TA;) and so ↓ ثوب رَذِيلٌ: (M, TA:) or ↓ ثوب رَذِلٌ [so accord. to a copy of the T, but perhaps a mistranscription for رَذْلٌ,] a dirty garment: and ↓ ثوب رَذِيلٌ a bad, or vile, garment. (T.) رَذِلٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

رُذَالٌ: see رَذْلٌ [of which it is both a syn. and a pl.]. b2: Also, (S,) or ↓ رُذَالَةٌ, (T,) or both, (M, Msb, K,) The worse or viler, or the worst or vilest, (T,) or the bad, or vile, (S,) of anything: (T, S:) [or the refuse thereof; i. e.] a thing of which the good has been picked out, (M, Msb, K,) and the bad or vile, (M,) or the worse or viler, or worst or vilest, (Msb,) remains. (M, Msb.) You say also, النَّاسِ ↓ هُمْ رُذَالَةُ and رُذَالُهُمْ [They are the lower or baser &c., or lowest or basest &c., or the refuse, of mankind, or of the people]. (T.) رَذِيلٌ: see رَذْلٌ, in five places.

رُذَالَةٌ: see رُذَالٌ, in two places.

رَذِيلَةٌ A low, base, vile, mean, contemptible, or bad, quality; contr. of فَضِيلَةٌ; (M, K:) pl. رَذَائِلُ. (TA.) رُذَالَى: see the next paragraph.

أَرْذَلُ: see رَذْلٌ, in two places. b2: Also The worse, or worst: so in the phrase أَرْذَلُ العُمُرِ [The worse, or worst, part of life]. (O, K.) [In the K, immediately after the words وَأَرْذَلَ صَارَ أَصْحَابُهُ رُذَلَآءَ, we find, in some copies, وَرُذَالَى كَحُبَارَى

وَأَرْذَلُ العُمُرِ أَسْوَؤْهُ; and in other copies, وَرُذَالَى

كَحُبَارَى أَرْذَلُ العُمُرِ أَسْوَؤُهُ: accord. to the former reading, the meaning is, that ↓ رُذَالَى is syn. with رُذَلَآءُ; and such SM holds to be the case: accord. to the latter reading, that رُذَالَى is syn. with

أَرْذَلُ العُمُرِ. I have no doubt that the latter is the original reading in the K, and that it is taken from the O, where (with a preceding context different from that in the K) the words are, وَرُذَالَى اَرذَلِ العُمُرِ اَسْوَؤُهُ; thus, with ارذل in the gen. case: but I believe, as this word thus written suggests, and as some persons, alluded to by MF, have supposed, that كحبارى has been foisted into the text of the K in consequence of a misunderstanding or of a mistranscription of the words in question in some work earlier than the O; that the correct reading is, وَرُدَّ إِلَى أَرْذَلِ العُمُرِ

أَسْوَئِهِ; and that this is taken from what here follows.] It is said in the Kur [xvi. 72 and xxii. 5], وَمِنْكُمْ مَنْ يُرَدُّ إِلَى أَرْذَلِ العُمُرِ, (T, TA,) i. e. [And of you is he who is brought back to] the worse, or worst, [part] of life, (Ksh and Bd and Jel,) and the more, or most, contemptible thereof; (Ksh in xvi. 72;) a state of decrepitude and dotage; (Ksh and Bd and Jel;) which resembles the state of a young infant: (Ksh and Bd:) meaning he who dotes by reason of old age, so that he has no intellect; as is shown by the words in the same [immediately following], لِكَيْلَا يَعْلَمَ بَعْدَ عِلْمٍ شَيْئًا or مِنْ بَعْدِ عِلْمٍ شَيْئًا. (T, TA. *) مَرْذُولٌ A man made, or pronounced, to be low, base, vile, mean, or contemptible: (S, * TA:) and a thing made, or pronounced, to be bad, corrupt, vile, base, abominable, or disapproved. (TA.)

ردم

1 رَدَمَ, (S, M, Msb, K,) aor. ـِ (S, K,) or ـُ (M, Msb,) inf. n. رَدْمٌ, (Lth, T, S, M, Msb,) He stopped up, or closed, syn. سَدَّ, (Lth, T, S, M, Msb, K,) a door, (Lth, T, M, K,) or a place of entrance, (T,) and a gap, or breach, (Lth, T, S, M, Msb, K,) and the like, (Lth, T, M, Msb,) wholly: (Lth, T, K:) or to the extent of a third thereof: (K:) or it signifies more than سَدَّ; (M, K;) [i. e. he stopped up by putting one thing upon another; as in building up a doorway or the like;] for الرَّدْمُ is “ that of which one part is put upon another. ” (M.) b2: And رَدَمَ, (S, TA,) inf. n. رَدْمٌ; (TA;) and ↓ ردّم, inf. n. تَرْدِيمٌ; (S, TA;) and ↓ تردّم; (S, K, TA;) He patched, or pieced, a garment, or piece of cloth; or patched, or pieced, it in several places. (S, K, TA.) b3: And رُدِمَ It (anything) was put, and joined, or sewed, one part to another. (TA.) A2: رَدَمَ القَوْسَ, (M,) inf. n. رَدْمٌ, He caused the bow to make a sound, [i. e., to twang,] by pulling the string and then letting it go. (M, K. *) And رُدِمَتِ القَوْسُ The bow was so caused to make a sound. (T, M.) A3: رَدَمَ, aor. ـْ or يَرْدُمُ, with damm, (accord. to different copies of the S, [in one copy رَدُمَ, with damm, which is a mistake,]) inf. n. رُدَامٌ; (S, K; *) or رَدَمَ, said of a camel, and of an ass, aor. ـْ (M,) inf. n. رَدْمٌ, (M, K, *) and رُدَامٌ is the subst.; or رَدَمَ بِهَا, inf. n. رَدْمٌ, used in a general manner; (M;) He broke wind, with a sound. (S, M, K. *) A4: See also 4, in two places.2 رَدَّمَ see 1. b2: [Hence,] ردّم كَلَامَهُ, and ↓ تردّم [i. e. تردّم كلامه] (tropical:) He considered repeatedly his saying, or speech, so as to rectify it, and repair what was defective thereof. (TA.) A2: See also 5.4 أَرْدَمَتِ الحُمّى The fever continued, or was continuous; (T, S, M, K;) as also ↓ رَدَمَت: and in like manner one says of the سَحَاب [or clouds]; and of the وِرْد [or coming to water, or company of men &c. coming to water, &c.]. (K.) Yousay, أَرْدَمَتْ عَلَيْهِ الحُمَّى The fever continued upon him: (M:) did not quit him. (T.) And اردم عَلَيْهِ المَرَضُ The disease clave to him. (M.) b2: أَرْدَمَتِ الشَّجَرَةُ The tree became green after it had become dry; as also ↓ رَدَمَت. (K.) A2: اردم البَعِيرَ He felt the camel, to know if he were fat. (K.) 5 تَرَدَّمَ see 1: b2: and 2. b3: Also تردّم فُلَانًا (tropical:) He sought to find in such a one something that he should be ashamed to expose, or some slip or fault, and obtained a knowledge of the state, or case, in which he was; (K, TA;) as though he imputed some error to him. (TA.) b4: And تردّم القَوْمُ الأَرْضَ (assumed tropical:) The people, or party, consumed, or ate, the pasture (مَرْتَع) of the land time after time [or part after part, app. so as to make the ground appear as though it were patched]. (M.) A2: تردّم also signifies It (a garment, or piece of cloth,) was, or became, old, and worn out, requiring to be patched: (S, K: [see also 8:]) this verb being intrans. as well as trans. (S.) A3: تردّمت, [or تردّمت عَلَى وَلَدِهَا, as seems to be implied in the K,] She (a camel, M) inclined to, or affected, her young one; (M, K;) [perhaps from رَدَمَ القَوْسَ, because of her yearning cry;] as also عَلَى وَلَدِهَا ↓ ردّمت, inf. n. تَرْدِيمٌ. (K.) A4: تردّمت الخُصُومَةُ The contention, or altercation, was, or became, far-extending, and long. (K. [See also 4.]) 8 ارتدم, said of a place, [a door, or a place of entrance, a gap, or breach, and the like, (see 1, first sentence,)] It was, or became, stopped up, or closed. (Msb.) b2: [And app., said of a garment, or piece of cloth, It was, or became, old, and worn out, and patched, or pieced; or patched, or pieced, in several places: see its part. n., مُرْتَدِمٌ: and see also 5.] b3: [Also He put on, or he was, or became, clad with, old and worn-out garments. (Freytag, from the “ Deewán el-Hudhaleeyeen. ”)]

رَدْمٌ is an inf. n. and also a subst. [in the proper sense of this term]: (S, M, TA:) as the latter, i. q. سَدٌّ (S, K *) or سُدٌّ (M) [as meaning A thing intervening between two other things, preventing the passage from one to the other; an obstruction; a barrier; any building with which a place is obstructed]; a meaning erroneously assigned in the B to رَدَمٌ: (TA:) or a thing of which one part is put upon another: (M:) a rampart, or fortified barrier: it is larger than a سدّ; and is [said to be] from ثَوْبٌ مُرَدَّمٌ meaning “ [a garment, or piece of cloth,] having patches upon patches: ” (Bd in xviii. 94:) and signifies also anything having parts put, and joined or sewed, one upon another: (M:) pl. رُدُومٌ. (M, K.) الرَّدْمُ also signifies particularly The rampart (السُّدُّ, M, or السَّدُّ, K) that is between us [meaning the people of the territory of the Muslims] and Yájooj and Májooj [or Gog and Magog]: (M, K, * TA:) mentioned in the Kur xviii. 94. (TA.) and What falls, [and lies in a heap, one part upon another,] of a wall in a state of demolition. (M, K.) A2: Also A sound, (M, K,) in a general sense: (K:) or particularly the sound [or twang] of a bow. (M, K.) b2: And An emission of wind from the anus, with a sound; (M, K;) as also ↓ رُدَامٌ: (S, K:) or this is a subst. from رَدَمَ said of a camel, and of an ass, meaning “ he broke wind with a sound. ” (M.) b3: And, applied to a man, (M,) (assumed tropical:) One in whom is no good; and so ↓ رُدَامٌ, (M, K,) and ↓ مِرْدَامٌ. (K.) رُدَامٌ: see the next preceding paragraph, last two sentences.

رَدُومٌ One who often breaks wind, with a sound: used in this sense by Jereer. (Freytag.)]

رَدِيمٌ An old, and worn-out, garment, or piece of cloth: (T, S, K:) and a garment, or piece of cloth, patched, or pieced; or patched, or pieced, in several places; (S;) and so ↓ مُرَدَّمٌ; (Lth, T, S, K;) like مُلَدَّمٌ: (Lth, T:) or ↓ مُرَدَّمٌ signifies having patches upon patches: (Bd in xviii. 94:) or this last, and ↓ مُرْتَدِمٌ and ↓ مُتَرَدِّمٌ, a garment, or piece of cloth, old, and worn-out, and patched, or pieced, or patched or pieced in several places: (M:) or ↓ مُتَرَدِّمٌ, a garment, or piece of cloth, old, and worn out, requiring to be patched: (S:) the pl. of رَدِيمٌ is رُدُمٌ. (Lth, T, K.) رَدِيمَةٌ [in some copies of the K رَدِيمَانِ, which, as is said in the TA, is a mistranscription,] Two garments, or pieces of cloth, that are sewed together; (M, K;) like what is called لِفَاق; (M, TA;) in the copies of the K, erroneously, لِفَاف: (TA:) pl. رُدُمٌ, (M, K, [in a copy of the M, accord. to the TA, رُدُوم,]) as though the ة [in the sing.] were imagined to be rejected. (M.) حُمَّى مُرْدِمٌ, (S, M,) and سَحَابٌ مُرْدِمٌ, (S,) and وِرْدٌ مُرْدِمٌ, (TA,) [A fever, and clouds, and a coming to water, or a company of men &c. coming to water, &c.,] continuing, or continuous. (S, M, TA.) مُرَدَّمٌ: see رَدِيمٌ, in two places.

مِرْدَامٌ: see رَدْمٌ, last sentence.

مُرْتَدِمٌ: see رَدِيمٌ.

مُتَرَدَّمٌ A place, of a garment, or piece of cloth, that is to be patched, or pieced, (T, S, K,) syn. مُتَرَقَّعٌ; and to be repaired, or mended, syn. مُتَصَلَّحٌ. (T.) 'Antarah says, [commencing his mo'allakah,] هَلْ غَادَرَ الشُّعَرَآءُ مِنْ مُتَرَدَّمِ

أَمْ هَلْ عَرَفْتَ الدَّارَ بَعْدَ تَوَهُّمِ (T, S, M,) i. e. (assumed tropical:) [Have the poets left any deficiency to be supplied? or,] any discourse to be annexed to other discourse? meaning, they have preceded me in saying, and left no say for a sayer [after them]: (M:) or have the poets left any place to be patched, or pieced, which they have not patched, or pieced, and repaired? meaning, the former has not left for the latter anything respecting which to mould his verses; i. e. poets have preceded me not leaving for me any place that I may patch, or piece, nor any place that I may repair: then he digresses, and says, address-ing himself, [Nay but I have somewhat to say:] hast thou known the abode of thy beloved, 'Ableh, after thy doubting respecting it? (EM pp. 219 — 220.) مُتَرَدِّمٌ: see رَدِيمٌ, in two places.

رغم

1 رَغِمَ الأَنْفُ, [and, as will be seen from what follows, رَغَمَ, and رَغُمَ, inf. n. رَغْمٌ and رُغْمٌ and رِغْمٌ,] His nose clave to the رَغَام [i. e. earth, or dust]. (TA.) b2: [Hence,] رَغَمَ أَنْفُهُ, aor. ـُ inf. n. رَغْمٌ [&c. as above]; and رَغِمَ, aor. ـَ [and رَغُمَ, aor. ـُ (tropical:) He was, or became, abased, or humble, or submissive; as though his nose clave to the رَغَام by reason of abasement &c. (Msb.) And رَغِمَ أَنْفِى

لِلّٰهِ, and رَغَمَ, (S, K,) and رَغُمَ, (El-Hejeree, K,) inf. n. رَغْمٌ and رُغْمٌ and رِغْمٌ, (S,) [and app. مَرْغَمَةٌ also, as seems to be indicated in the S and TA,] (tropical:) My nose [meaning my pride] was, or became, abased, or humbled, to God, against my will; (K, TA;) i. e. لِأَمْرِهِ [to his command]. (TA.) And فُلَانٌ رُغِمَ أَنْفًا and غُرِمَ أَنْفًا (assumed tropical:) [Such a one is, or has been, abased, or humbled]. (TA.) b3: and رَغَمَ فُلَانٌ, (S, TA,) or رَغِمَ, aor. ـَ inf. n. رَغْمٌ [&c. as above], (JK,) (tropical:) Such a one was unable to obtain his right, or due; (JK, S, TA;) as also رَغَمَ أَنْفُهُ: the part. n. is ↓ رَاغِمٌ. (Har p. 369.) A2: رَغَمَ as a trans v.: see 4, [with which it is app. syn. properly as well as tropically,] in three places. b2: [Hence,] رَغَمْتُهُ, (K,) inf. n. رَغْمٌ; (JK, TA;) and ↓ تَرَغَّمْتُهُ; (so in the JK; [perhaps a mistranscription for رَغَمْتُهُ;]) (assumed tropical:) I did a thing against his will: (JK, K, TA:) or, so as to anger him; and vexed him. (TA.) b3: [And (assumed tropical:) I made him to do a thing against his will; forced him to do a thing: for] الرَّغْمُ is also syn. with القَسْرُ; (IAar, K, TA;) in some copies of the K erroneously written القَشْرُ. (TA.) b4: And رَغِمَهُ and رَغَمَهُ, aor. ـَ (K,) inf. n. رَغْمٌ (TA) [and app. رُغْمٌ and رِغْمٌ and مَرْغَمَةٌ, as seems to be indicated in the K] (tropical:) He disliked it, disapproved it, or hated it. (K, TA.) You say, مَا أَرْغَمُ مِنْهُ شَيْئًا (tropical:) I dislike not, &c., of it, anything. (JK, TA.) and رَغَمَتِ السَّائِمَةُ المَرْعَى (tropical:) The pasturing beasts disliked, &c., the pasture. (TA.) b5: See also 2. b6: [And see رَغْمٌ, below.]2 رَغَّمَ see 4, in three places. b2: رغّمهُ, (JK, M, K,) inf. n. تَرْغِيمٌ, (K,) also signifies He said to him رَغْمًا; (JK; [see رَغْمٌ, below;]) or رَغْمًا رَغْمًا; so in the K; but in the M, رَغْمًا وَدَغْمًا: (TA:) and ↓ رَغَمَهُ inf. n. رَغْمٌ, [in like manner,] he said to him رَغْمًا: or he did with him that which made his nose to cleave to the earth, or dust, (مَا يُرْغِمُ أَنْفَهُ,) and that which abased him. (Ham p. 97.) 3 مُرَاغَمَةٌ signifies (tropical:) The breaking off from, or quitting, another in anger: (S, K, TA:) and the cutting off another from friendly, or loving, communion; cutting one, or ceasing to speak to him; or forsaking, abandoning, deserting, or shunning or avoiding, one: and the becoming alienated, or estranged; or the going, removing, retiring, or withdrawing, to a distance, far away, or far off, one from another: (K, TA:) [or]

راغمهُ signifies (assumed tropical:) He left, forsook, abandoned, or relinquished, him, or separated himself from him, against his [the latter's] wish: (Mgh:) or he broke off from him, or quitted him, in anger: (Msb:) and أَهْلَهُ ↓ ارغم (tropical:) He cut off his family from loving communion, or forsook them, or deserted them, against their wish. (TA.) It is said in a trad., لِيُرَاغِمُ رَبَّهُ إِنْ أَدْخَلَ أَبَوَيْهِ النَّارَ, i. e. (tropical:) He will assuredly break off in anger from his Lord [if he cause his two parents to enter the fire of Hell]. (TA.) And you say, رَاغَمَ فُلَانٌ قَوْمَهُ (tropical:) Such a one retired apart from his people, or party; or disagreed with them; or opposed them; (S, K, * TA;) and went forth from them; (S, TA;) and cut them off from friendly, or loving, communion; or forsook them; and treated them, or regarded them, with enmity, or hostility. (K, TA.) b2: And فُلَانٌ لَا يُرَاغِمُ شَيْئًا (assumed tropical:) Such a one does not want, need, or require, and is not unable to attain, anything. (JK, TA.) 4 ارغمهُ [He cast it upon the رَغَام, i. e. earth, or dust: and he made it to cleave to the earth, or dust]. You say, ارغم اللُّقْمَةَ مِنْ فِيهِ He cast the morsel from his mouth upon the earth, or dust. (TA.) And it is said in a trad. of 'Áïsheh, respecting the material for dyeing the hair, and the hands of women, اُسْلُتِيهِ وَأَرْغِمِيهِ [Wipe thou it off from thy hand, or hands, and cast it upon the earth, or dust]. (S. [There said to be from the phrase here next following.]) You say also, ارغم أَنْفَهُ He, (i. e. God, JK, S,) or it, (i. e. abasement, or humility, or submissiveness, K, * TA, *) made his nose to cleave to the رَغَام, i. e. earth, or dust; (JK, * S, TA;) [or may He (i. e. God) make his nose to cleave to the earth, or dust;] and ↓ رَغَمَ

أَنْفَهُ signifies the same [app. in this (the proper) sense, as well as in that next following]. (Mgh, TA.) b2: And [hence] the former of these two phrases means (tropical:) He (i. e. God, Msb) abased him, humbled him, or rendered him submissive, (Msb, TA,) against his will; (TA;) [or may He abase him, &c.;] and so ↓ the latter of the same two phrases: and the former, (assumed tropical:) He angered him; likewise said of God; (Ham p. 551;) and so ارغمهُ alone; (K, TA;) like ادغمهُ; (TA;) or both signify (tropical:) he did evil to him, and angered him: (TA in art. دغم:) and أُرْغِمَ (assumed tropical:) He was abased, or humbled, or rendered submissive: (Ham p. 617:) and اللّٰهُ بِهِ الأُنُوفَ ↓ رَغَمَ, inf. n. رَغْمٌ, (assumed tropical:) God abased, or may God abase, the noses by means of him, or it. (Har p. 369.) [↓ رغّمهُ, also, signifies (assumed tropical:) He abased him, humbled him, or rendered him submissive: you say,] لَهُ ↓ هٰذَا تَرْغِيمٌ (assumed tropical:) This is an abasing, or a humbling, to him: (Msb:) and لِلشَّيْطَانِ ↓ تَرْغِيمًا (occurring in a trad., TA) means (assumed tropical:) For the abasing, or humbling, of the devil. (Mgh.) b3: And ارغمهُ (assumed tropical:) He urged him, or made him, to do that from which he was not able to hold back, or that which he could not refuse to do, or that which he could not resist doing. (JK, TA, and Ham p. 97, from Kh.) b4: See also 3.5 ترغّم (assumed tropical:) He became angered, or angry, (S, K, TA,) with speech, and otherwise: (TA:) and sometimes it occurs with ز [i. e. تزغّم]. (S, TA.) Hence the saying of El-Hotei-ah, [app. describing a she-camel,] تَرَى بَيْنَ لَحْيَيْهَا إِذَا مَا تَرَغَّمَتْ لُغَامًا كَبَيْتِ العَنْكَبُوتِ الُمَدَّدِ [Thou seest between her two jaws, when she is angered, foam like the web of the spider stretched out]. (TA.) A2: See also 1.

رَغْمٌ and ↓ رُغْمٌ and ↓ رِغْمٌ are inf. ns. of رَغِمَ and رَغَمَ said of the nose; and ↓ مَرْغَمَةٌ is syn. therewith; (S;) as is also ↓ مَرْغَمٌ. (TA.) One says to another, [by way of imprecation,] رَغْمًا [ for رَغِمَ أَنْفُكَ رَغَمًا May thy nose cleave fast to the earth, or dust; meant to be understood in the proper sense, or in a tropical sense explained by what follows]; (JK, M, K;) and [sometimes]

دَغْمًا is added, (M,) which is an imitative sequent to رَغْمًا. (K in art. دغم.) And لِأَنْفِهِ الرَّغْمُ and ↓ المَرْغَمَةُ [May cleaving to the earth, or dust, befall his nose; which may likewise be meant to be understood properly, or tropically]. (TA.) b2: [Hence,] the first also signifies, (IAar, K, TA,) and so ↓ مَرْغَمَةٌ also, (TA,) (tropical:) Abasement. (IAar, Mgh, K, TA.) The Prophet said, ↓ بُعِثْتُ مَرْغَمَةً, (S,) i. e. (tropical:) I was sent for abasement to the believers in a plurality of gods, [or] by reason of dislike or disapproval [of their state; agreeably with the explanation next following]. (TA.) b3: رَغْمٌ and ↓ رُغْمٌ (Msb, K, TA) and ↓ رِغْمٌ and ↓ مَرْغَمَةٌ (K, TA) also signify (tropical:) Dislike, disapproval, or hatred. (Msb, K, TA.) You say, فَعَلَهُ رَغْمًا or ↓ رُغْمًا or ↓ رِغْمًا, (TA,) and عَلَى رَغْمٍ, (ISh, TA,) and على رَغْمِهِ, and على الرَّغْمِ مِنْهُ, (TA,) and على رَغْمِ أَنْفِهِ and أَنْفِهِ ↓ رُغْمِ, (Msb,) and على الرَّغْمِ مِنْ أَنْفِهِ, (S,) i. e. (tropical:) [He did it against his wish; in spite of him; or] notwithstanding his dislike, or disapproval, or hatred. (Msb, TA.) b4: حَتَّى يَخْرُجَ

↓ مَنْهُ الرُّغْمُ, [or الرَّغْمُ, in the TA without the vowel-sign,] occurring in a trad., means (assumed tropical:) In order that he may become humble and abased, and the pride of the Devil may go forth from him. (Mgh, TA.) A2: See also رَغَامٌ.

رُغْمٌ: see the next paragraph above, in six places.

رِغْمٌ: see رَغْمٌ, in three places.

شَاةٌ رَغْمَآءُ A sheep, or goat, having upon the extremity of its nose a whiteness, (JK, K,) or a colour different from that of the rest of its body. (K.) رَغْمَانُ: see the next following paragraph.

رَغَامٌ Earth, or dust; (S, Msb, K;) as also ↓ رَغْمٌ: (IAar, K:) [or] soft earth or dust, (K, TA,) but not fine: (TA:) or fine earth or dust: (AA, TA:) or sand mixed with earth or dust: (K:) or sand such as does not flow from the hand: (As, TA:) or, as IB says on the authority of AA, sand that dazzles the sight; as also ↓ رَغْمَانُ; which latter, accord. to the K, is the name of a certain tract of sands. (TA.) رُغَامَةٌ A thing that one desires, or seeks; (JK, K;) as also ↓ مَرْغَمَةٌ: (TA:) so in the saying, لِى عِنْدَهُ رُغَامَةٌ (JK, TA) and مَرْغَمَةٌ (TA) [I have a thing that I desire, or seek, to obtain from such a one].

رُغَامَى The nose; as also ↓ مَرْغَمٌ and ↓ مَرْغِمٌ, (K,) of which the pl. is مَرَاغِمُ: (TA:) or رُغَامَى signifies the nose with what is around it: (IKoot, TA:) and in this sense also the pl. above mentioned is used; as in the saying, لَأَطَأَنَّ مَرَاغِمَكَ [I will assuredly trample upon thy nose with the parts around it]. (TA.) b2: And The [appertenance called the] زِيَادَة [q. v.] of the liver; as also رُعَامَى; (S, K;) but the former is the more approved. (TA.) b3: And, (K,) some say, (S, TA,) [The bronchi, or the windpipe; i. e.] the tubes, (قَصَب, S,) or the tube, (قَصَبَة, K,) of the lungs. (S, K.) A2: Also A certain plant: a dial. var. of رُخَامَى [q. v.]. (K.) رَاغِمٌ: see 1. You say, هُوَ رَاغِمٌ and رَاغِمُ الأَنْفِ [He has the nose cleaving to the dust: and hence,] (assumed tropical:) he is abased, or humble, or submissive: and (assumed tropical:) he is unable to obtain his right, or due: and [رُغْمٌ is its pl.:] you say, هُمْ رُغْمُ الأُنُوفِ. (Har p. 369.) And دَاغمٌ is used as an imitative sequent thereto. (K.) b2: Also (assumed tropical:) Angry. (TA.) b3: And (assumed tropical:) Disliking, disapproving, or hating. (TA.) b4: and (assumed tropical:) Fleeing. (TA.) مَرْغَمٌ: see رَغْمٌ, first sentence: A2: and see also رُغَامَى: A3: and مُرَاغَمٌ.

مَرْغِمٌ: see رُغَامَى, first sentence.

مَرْغَمَةٌ: see رَغْمٌ, in five places: A2: and see also رُغَامَةٌ.

A3: Also A certain game of the Arabs. (K.) مُرَغَّمٌ: see the next paragraph but one.

مِرْغَامَةٌ (tropical:) A woman who angers her husband. (K, TA.) مُرَاغَمٌ (S, Mgh, K, TA) and ↓ مُتَرَغَّمٌ (JK, TA) and ↓ مَرْغَمٌ, (JK,) thus accord. to one reading in the Kur iv. 101, (Ksh,) or ↓ مُرَغَّمٌ, (TA, [perhaps a mistranscription,]) (assumed tropical:) A road by the travelling of which one leaves, or separates himself from, his people, against their wish, or so as to displease them: (Ksh and Bd in iv. 101:) and a place to which one emigrates: (Zj and Ksh and Jel ibid.:) or a place to which one shifts, removes, or becomes transferred: (Bd ibid.:) or a way by which one goes or goes away: (Fr, JK, S, K:) and a place to which one flees; a place of refuge: (Fr, S, Mgh, K:) and i. q. مُضْطَرَبٌ [meaning a place in which one goes to and fro seeking the means of subsistence: see art. ضرب]: (Fr, JK, S, K:) and a fortress, or fortified place; syn. حِصْنٌ. (IAar, K.) It is said in the Kur, [iv. 101, of him who emigrates for the cause of God's religion], يَجِدٌ فِى الأَرْضِ مُرَاغَمًا كَثِيرًا [He shall find in the earth many a road &c.]. (S, TA.) And a poet says, إِلَى بَلَدٍ غَيْرِ دَانِى المَحَلِّ بَعِيدِ المُرَاغَمِ وَالمُضْطَرَبْ

[To a country not near in respect of the place of alighting, remote in respect of the road &c. and of the region in which people go to and fro seeking the means of subsistence]. (Zj, TA.) مُتَرَغَّمٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

روم

1 رَامَ, (T, S, M, Msb,) aor. ـُ (T, S, Msb,) inf. n. رَوْمٌ (T, S, M, Msb, K) and مَرَامٌ, (Msb, K, TA,) He sought, sought for or after, or desired, syn. طَلَبَ, (T, * M, Msb, K, *) a thing. (S, M, Msb.) b2: [And hence, He attempted another person in fight &c., and a thing.] b3: And [hence also] الرَّوْمُ, (K,) or رَوْمُ الحَرَكَةِ, mentioned by Sb, (S,) [as though signifying The desiring to pronounce the vowel-sound without fully accomplishing that desire,] means [the pronouncing] a vowel-sound (حَرَكَة) slurred (مُخْتَلَسَة) and rendered obscure, (S, K,) for, or by, [accord. to different copies of the S,] a sort of alleviation [of the utterance]; (S;) it is more [in effect] than what is termed الإِشْمَام, because it is heard; (S, K;) and it is of the same measure [in prosody] as the vowel-sound [fully pronounced]; as [in the case of what is termed] هَمْزَةٌ بَيْنَ بَيْنَ, such as in the saying of the poet, أَاَنْ زُمَّ أَجْمَالٌ وَــفَارَقَ جِيرَةٌ وَ صَاحَ غُرَابُ البَيْنِ أَنْتَ حَزِينُ [Is it because that camels have had the nose-reins attached to them, and neighbours have separated, one from another, and the raven of disunion has uttered its cry, thou art mourning?]; أَاَنْ زُمْ being scanned as فَعُولُنْ; and it not being allowable to make the ع [in فعولن] quiescent: it is such also as in the phrase in the Kur [ii. 181]

شَهْرُ رَمَضَانَ with him who makes [the dammeh] obscure; it being only with a slurred vowel-sound (حَرَكَة مُخْتَلَسَة); and it not being allowable for the former ر [i. e. the ر of شهر] to be quiescent, because the ه before it is quiescent, for this would lead to the combination of two quiescent letters in a case of continuity, [i. e. when there is no pause after them,] without there being before them a soft letter [i. e. ا or و or ى, as in دَوَابّ &c.], which is not found in any of the dialects of the Arabs: and it is such also as in the instances in the Kur [xv. 9 and x. 36 and xxxvi. 49] إِنَّا نَحْنُ نَزَّلْنَا الذِّكْرَ and أَمَّنْ لَا يَهِدِّى and يَخِصِّمُونَ [ for يَهْتَدِى and يَخْتَصِمُونَ], and the like thereof: no regard should be paid to the saying of Fr, that in this [last] and the like instances a letter [which in this instance and in the next preceding it is ت] is incorporated into another [following it]; for they [i. e. the Arabs] do not realize this mode [of incorporation]; and he who combines two quiescent letters in an instance in which the slurring of the vowel-sound (اِخْتِلَاسُ الحَرَكَةِ) is not proper errs; as in the reading of Hamzeh, in the Kur [xviii. 96], فَمَا اسطَّاعُوا; for the س of الاِسْتِفْعَالُ may not be made movent in any manner [and therefore it may not be incorporated into the following letter]. (S, TA.) الرَّوْمُ is [also] in a case of pausing after a word ending with any letter except the fem. ة, [in like manner] meaning The indicating the vowel with an obscure sound: (I' Ak p. 351:) رَوْمُ الحَرَكَةِ in pausing after a word that is مَرْفُوع or مَجْرُور is from رَامَ الشَّىْءَ signifying طَلَبَهُ: Sb says that those of whom one says رَامُوا الحَرَكَةَ [They slurred the vowel-sound] are induced to do what this signifies [instead of suppressing the vowel-sound entirely] by eagerness to exclude it from the case of that which is necessarily made quiescent in every instance, and to show that its case is, in their opinion, not like the case of that which is made quiescent in every instance. (M.) [See also 4 in art. شور.]2 روّم فُلَانًا (Msb, K) followed by الشَّىْءَ, (Msb,) and (K) روّم بِفُلَانٍ, (IAar, S, K,) He made such a one to seek, seek for or after, or desire, the thing. (IAar, S, Msb, K.) b2: And روّم رَأْيَهُ He meditated, intended, purposed, desired, or endeavoured, to do one thing after another. (K.) A2: And روّم He tarried; paused; tarried and waited or expected; or was patient, and tarried and waited or expected. (K.) Quasi 4. أَرَمْتَ, for أَرْمَمْتَ: see the latter, near the end of the first paragraph of art. رم.5 تروّم بِهِ, or بِهَا, accord. to different copies of the K, (TA,) He mocked at, scoffed at, laughed at, derided, or ridiculed, him, or her. (K, TA.) رَامٌ A certain species of trees. (S, K. *) رَوْمٌ inf. n. of 1 [q. v.]. (T, S, M, &c.) A2: See also what next follows.

رُومٌ The lobe, or lobule, of the ear; (M, K;) as also ↓ رُومٌ. (K.) A2: الرُّومُ A certain nation, (M, K,) well known; (M;) [said by the Arabs to be] descendants of Er-Room, the son of Esau (عيصُو [so called by the Arabs]), (T, * S, K,) the son of Isaac the Prophet; (TA;) [i. e. the Greeks; generally meaning, of the Lower Empire; but sometimes, only those of Asia; and sometimes those of the Lower Empire together with all the nations of Europe beside: the ancient Greeks are more properly called by the Arabs اليُونَانُ:] one says ↓ رُومِىٌّ and رُومٌ; (S, K;) the former of these two appellations being applied to a single person, (M, K,) and the latter being the pl., (S, K,) [or rather a coll. gen. n.,] like زِنْجِىٌّ and زِنْجٌ; (AAF, S, M;) the former being distinguished from the latter only by the doubled ى, like as تَمْرَةٌ is distinguished from تَمْرٌ its pl. [or coll. gen. n.] only by the ة: (S:) and رُومِىٌّ has for [its proper] pl. ↓ أَرْوَامٌ. (TA.) [It is also applied to The country of the nation, or people, so called, both in Europe and Asia, and sometimes only in Asia. Hence, بَحْرُ الرُّومِ The Sea of the Greeks; meaning the Mediterranean Sea.]

رُومَةٌ Glue, with which the feathers of an arrow are stuck: (M, K:) said by A'Obeyd to be [thus] without ء; but mentioned by Th with ء. (M, TA. [See art. رأم.]) رُومِىٌّ The sail of an empty ship: (AA, T, K:) that of a full ship is called مُرْبِعٌ. (AA, T.) A2: See also رُومٌ.

رُوَامٌ i. q. لُغَامٌ [The foam of the mouth of a camel]: (K:) mentioned also in art. رُؤَامٌ [as written رُؤَامٌ, and signifying slaver]. (TA.) رُوَّامٌ [pl. of ↓ رَائِمٌ, which signifies Seeking, &c.; act. part. n. of 1:] i. q. طُلَّابٌ [pl. of طَالِبٌ]. (TA.) رَائِمٌ: see what next precedes.

أَرْوَامٌ pl. of رُومِىٌّ. (TA.) See رُومٌ.

مَرَامٌ i. q. مَطْلَبْ (S, M, K) [accord. to the PS A place of seeking or searching: but it should be observed that مَطْلَبٌ is an inf. n., and also a n. of place and of time: also that مَرَامٌ is expressly said in the Msb and TA to be an inf. n. of رَامَ, though not in the S nor in the M: and that it is mentioned in the K in the beginning of this art. as syn. with رَوْمٌ in the sense of طَلَبٌ, and at the end of the art. as signifying the same as مَطْلَبٌ]. One says, هُوَ ثَبْتُ المَقَامِ بَعِيدُ المَرَامِ [which may mean He is firm, or steady, in respect of the place of standing; far-aiming in respect of the place of seeking: or, agreeably with an explanation voce ثَبْتٌ, he is one who does not quit his station, or abode, without necessity, though far-aiming &c.: but it is obvious that both المقام and المرام may here be inf. ns.]. (TA.) مَرُومٌ Sought, sought for or after, or desired. (Msb.)

ريم

1 رَيْمٌ is syn. with بَرَاحٌ; (Lth, T, M, K;) and the verb is رَامَ, aor. ـِ [He went away, or departed; and he quitted a place: and he ceased doing a thing:] (Lth, T, TA:) رَيْمٌ being the inf. n. (TA.) IAar used to say, in relation [or reply] to the saying مَا رِمْتُ [I did not go away, &c., or I have not gone away, &c.], بَلَى قَدْ رِمْتُ [Nay, I did go away, &c., or I have gone away, &c.]: but others use the verb only with a negative particle: (T:) or it is mostly used in negative phrases. (TA.) You say, رَامَهُ, aor. ـِ (S, Mgh,) inf. n. as above, (S,) He went away from it, departed from it, or quitted it; syn. بَرِحَهُ; (S;) or زَالَ مِنْهُ, and فَارَقَــهُ; namely, his place. (Mgh.) And رِمْتُ فُلَانًا and رَمْتُ مِنْ عِنْدِ فُلَانٍ

[I went away from such a one]: both meaning the same. (S.) And لَا تَرِمْهُ Go not thou away from him, or it; syn. لَاتَبْرَحْهُ. (S.) And مَا رِمْتُ المَكَانَ and مَا رِمْتُ مِنْهُ (M, K) I went not from the place; syn. مَا بَرِحْتُ. (K.) And مَا رِمْتُ أَفْعَلُ ذٰلِكَ (M, * K, * TA) I ceased not doing that; syn. مَا بَرِحْتُ. (TA.) b2: And i. q. تَبَاعُدٌ [The being, or becoming, distant, remote, far off, or aloof; &c.]: (T, K:) [you say,] مَا يَرِيمٌ [He does not become distant, &c.]. (T.) [Accord. to the TK, it is, in this sense, inf. n. of رَامَهُ, aor. as above, meaning He was, or became, distant, &c., from it.] b3: And An inclining, or a leaning, in the load of a camel, (K, TA,) by reason of excess and heaviness thereof. (TA.) One says, لِهٰذَا العِدْلِ رَيْمٌ عَلَى هٰذَا [There is to this side-burden an inclining, or a leaning, by reason of an excess of weight over this: or,] a heaviness [exceeding that of this], by reason of which it inclines, or leans. (TA.) [And accord. to the TK, you say of the load of a camel, رَامَ, meaning It inclined, or leaned.] b4: And The becoming drawn together, of the mouth of a wound, in order to heal; as also رَيَمَانٌ. (K.) [Both are said in the TK to be inf. ns. of رَامَ, aor. as above, said of a wound, meaning Its mouth became drawn together, in order to heal.]

A2: رِيمَ بِهِ i. q. قُطِعَ بِهِ [He was or became, disabled from prosecuting, or unable to prosecute, his journey]. (S, K.) A rájiz says, وَرِيمَ بِالسَّاعِى الَّذِى كَانَ مَعِى

[And the messenger that was with me became disabled from prosecuting his journey]. (S, TA.) 2 ريّم عَلَيْهِ, (T, K,) inf. n. تَرْيِيمٌ, (TA,) He exceeded him; (T, K, TA;) i. e., one man, another; (T;) in journeying, or pace, and the like: from رَيْمٌ as signifying زِيَادَةٌ and فَضْلٌ [i. e.

“ excess,” &c.], or as signifying بَرَاحٌ [expl. above]. (TA.) b2: ريّم بِالمَكَانِ, (ISk, S, M,) inf. n. as above, (ISk, S,) He (a man, ISk, S) remained, stayed, dwelt, or abode, in the place. (ISk, S. M.) And رَيَّمَتِ السَّحَابَةُ فَأَغْضَنَتْ The cloud remained without clearing away [and rained continually]. (S, TA.) b3: And ريّم, inf. n. as above, He journeyed all the day. (TA.) رَيْمٌ Excess, redundance, or superiority; syn. فَضْلٌ, (ISk, T, S, M, K,) and زِيَادَةٌ, (S, K,) which is like فَضْلٌ. (TA.) One says, لِهٰذَا رَيْمٌ عَلَى هٰذَا This has excess, or superiority, (فَضْلٌ, ISk, T,) over this. (ISk, T, S. *) الرَّيْمُ عَلَىالمَزْجُورِ, a phrase used by El-'Ajjáj, means مَنْ زُجِرَ فَعَلَيْهِ الفَضْلُ [which may be rendered He who is chidden, it is incumbent on him to exceed; or he who is chidden is exceeded]: (T, S:) such being always the case; for one is chidden only on account of an affair in which he has fallen short of doing what was requisite. (S.) b2: A thing such as is termed عِلَاوَة [q. v.] between the two side-loads of a camel. (IAar, T, K.) Hence the saying, الرَّيْمُ

أَثْقَلُ عَلَى الدَّوَابِّ مِنَ الحِمْلِ [The additional burden that is put between the two side-loads is more onerous to the beasts than the (usual) load]. (TK) after the flesh of the slaughtered camel has been distributed (T, S) in the game called المَيْسِر, (T,) and which is given to the slaughterer: (M, K:) accord. to Lh, the camel for slaughter is brought, and its owner slaughters it, then puts it upon something laid upon the ground to preserve it from pollution, having divided it into ten portion, namely, the two haunches, and the two thighs, and the rump, and the withers, and the breast, and [the part of the back called] the مَلْحَآء [q. v.], and the two shoulders together with the two arms; then he betakes himself to the طَفَاطِف [or soft parts, such as the flanks, or the soft parts of the belly], and the vertebræ of the neck, and distributes them upon those portions equally; and if there remain a bone, or a small piece of flesh, that is the رَيْم: then the slaughterer waits with it for him who desires it, and he whose arrow wins, his it is; otherwise, it is for the slaughterer. (M, TA.) b3: The last portion of the day-time, extending to the confusedness (اِخْتِلَاط, for which اِخْتِلَاف is erroneously put in the copies of the K, TA) of the darkness. (M, K, TA.) A long [indefinite period such as is termed] سَاعَة: (S, K:) so in the saying, قَدْ بَقِىَ رَيْمٌ مِنَ النَّهَارِ [A long period of the day-time had remained; or, emphatically, remains]. (S.) And نَهَارٌ رَيْمٌ meansA long day or day-time: so in the saying, عَلَيْكَ نَهَارٌ رَيْمٌ [app. meaning A long day is appointed thee for the performance of a work or task]. (Az, T.) A2: Also i. q. دَرَجَةٌ [as meaning A series of stairs:] (IAar, JM, T, S, M, K:) of the dial. of El-Yemen. (S.) Aboo-'Amr Ibn-'Alà says, as related by As, I was in El-Yemen, and I came to the house of a man, inquiring for him, and a man of the house said to me, اُسْمُكْ فِى الرَّيْمِ, meaning اِصْعَدِ الدَّرَجَةِ [Ascend thou the stairs]. (JM, cited in the PS.) b2: And i. q. دُكَّانٌ [meaning A kind of wide bench, of stone or brick; and also a shop]: (M, TA:) likewise of the dial. of El-Yemen. (TA.) b3: And Small mountains. (IAar, T, K.) b4: And A grave: (IAar, T, S, M, K:) or the middle thereof. (M, K.) A3: See also what next follows.

رِيمٌ, (JM, T, PS,) with kesr, (JM, PS,) [accord. to the K, erroneously, ↓ رَيْمٌ, The antilope leucoryx;] a white antelope; (JM, PS;) an antelope (ظَبْىٌ) that is purely white: (IAar, T, K:) written with and without ء: [see رِئْمٌ, in art. رأم:] pl. أَرْآمٌ (JM, PS) [and آرَامٌ].

مَرْيَمٌ A woman who loves the discourse of men, but does not act vitiously or immorally, or commit adultery or fornication. (K.) Also a [female] proper name. (K.) It is said by AA to be of the measure مَفْعَلٌ from رَامَ, aor. ـِ (S, Sgh, Msb, TA:) but some say that, as a proper name, it is arabicized, from مَارِيَة. (TA.)

سكت

1 سَكَتَ, (S, Msb, TA,) aor. ـُ (Lth, TA,) inf. n. سُكُوتٌ and سَكْتٌ (S, A, Msb, K) and سُكَاتٌ (S, K) and سَاكُوتَةٌ, (K,) [all these ns. said in the K to signify the same, but this is not exactly the case, for the last is of an intensive form,] He was, or became, silent, mute, or speechless; contr. of نَطَقَ; (TA;) i. q. صَمَتَ: (Lth, Msb, TA:) or سَكَتَ is said of him who has the power, or faculty, of speech, but abstains from making use of it; whereas صَمَتَ is sometimes said of that which has not the power, or faculty, of speech: (Er-Rághib, MF, TA:) or سَكَتَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. سُكُوتٌ and سَكْتٌ, signifies he (a man) ceased, or stopped, speaking; and سَكَتَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. سَكْتٌ, (assumed tropical:) he (a man) was, or became, still, or quiet; syn. سَكَنَ: (Zj, TA:) [it is said that] ↓ اسكت, also, is syn. with صَمَتَ, like سَكَتَ; (Msb;) accord. to Az, one says of a man, صَمَتَ and أَصَمَتَ and سَكَتَ and ↓ أَسْكَتَ: (TA:) or, as some say, ↓ اسكت signifies he was, or became, silent, or he spoke not; and he ceased [from speech], or broke off [therefrom], or became cut short [therein]: (Msb:) or سَكَتَ signifies he was, or became, silent intentionally; and ↓ اسكت, he was, or became, silent by reason of thought or disease or fear: (TA:) or you say تَكَلَّمَ ثُمَّ سَكَتَ without ا [when you mean he spoke and then became silent, i. e., intentionally]; (S) but you say ↓ اسكت when you mean his speech became broken off, or cut short, and so he spoke not. (S, K.) It is said in a prov., سَكَتَ أَلْفًا ونَطَقَ خَلْفًا He held his tongue from a thousand words (سَكَتَ عَنْ أَلْفِ كَلِمَةٍ), and then uttered what was wrong. (ISk, S and Msb in art. خلف.) and you say [of the quiescent ه that is sometimes added at the end of a word, after a vowel or a letter of prolongation, as in لَمْ يَرْضَهْ and وَا زَيْدَاهْ], هٰذِهِ هَآءُ السَّكْتِ [This is the هاء of pausation]. (A, TA.) One says also, of a she-camel, سَكَتَتْ, inf. n. سُكُوتٌ, meaning She uttered not the [grumbling] cry termed رُغَآء when the saddle was put upon her. (ISd, TA.) b2: [Hence سَكَتَ, aor. as above, inf. n. سَكْتٌ, as syn. with سَكَنَ, meaning as expl. above; and also (assumed tropical:) It was, or became, still, quiet, motionless, at rest, stilled, quieted, appeased, tranquillized, calm, allayed, assuaged, or quelled; it remitted; it subsided; and so ↓ اسكت.] You say, ضَرَبَهُ حَتَّى سَكَتَتْ حَرَكَتُهُ (A) or حركته ↓ أَسْكَتَتْ (TA) (tropical:) [He beat him until his motion became stilled]; and ↓ حتّى أَسْكَتَ (assumed tropical:) [until he became still]. (TA.) And سَكَتَ الغَضَبُ i. q. سَكَنَ, (S, Msb, TA,) meaning فَتَرَ [i. e. (assumed tropical:) The anger remitted; or became stilled, appeased, or allayed]; (TA:) as also ↓ اسكت: (Msb:) and سَكَتَ عَنْهُ الغَضَبُ (tropical:) [Anger, or the anger, became stilled so that it departed from him]. (A.) Hence, in the Kur [vii. 153], وَلَمَّا سَكَتَ عَنْ مُوسَى

الغَضَبُ, (S,) meaning, accord. to Zj, سَكَنَ [i. e. (assumed tropical:) And when the anger became stilled so that it departed from Moses]: or, as some say, the phrase is inverted, the meaning being وَلَمَّا سَكَتَ مُوسَى عَنِ الغَضَبِ [And when Moses was silent, ceasing from anger]: but the former is the explanation of those skilled in the Arabic language. (TA. [See also 4.]) You say also, سَكَتَ الحَرُّ, meaning (assumed tropical:) The heat became vehement, or intense, the wind being still. (TA.) b3: [Hence also,] (assumed tropical:) He died: (K:) occurring in this sense in a trad. (TA.) b4: سَاكَتَنِى فَسَكَتُّ: see 3.

A2: سَكَتَ said of a horse, [from السُّكَيْتُ,] He came in tenth in a race. (TA.) 2 سَكَّتَ see 4, in two places.3 سَاْكَتَ ↓ سَاكَتَنِى فَسَكَتُّ [may mean He kept silence with me and I was silent: or he vied with me in keeping silence and I surpassed therein: or it may have both of these meanings; both being agreeable with analogy]. (S, TA; in neither of which it is explained.) 4 اسكت as an intrans. verb: see 1, in nine places. b2: He turned away, and spoke not; occurring in this sense in a trad.: and اسكت عَنِ الشَّىْءِ He turned away from the thing. (TA.) A2: اسكتهُ and ↓ سكّتهُ (S, A, Msb) both signify the same, said of God (S) [and of a man]; He made him, or rendered him, silent, mute, or speechless; (Msb;) [he silenced, or hushed, him;] namely, a person speaking. (A.) And اسكتهُ عَنِى [He made him to abstain from speaking of, or to, me]. (As, TA in art. نصت.) And اسكت الصَّبِىَّ بِسُكْتَةٍ

[He silenced, or hushed, the child with a سُكْتَة]. (Lh, S, A, K.) And أُسْكِتَ means He was silenced in a dispute or the like. (A, TA.) b2: [And hence, (assumed tropical:) He stilled, quieted, appeased, tranquillized, calmed, allayed, assuaged, or quelled, it.] In the Kur vii. 153, some read, ↓ وَلَمَّا سُكِتَ عَنْ مُوسَى الغَضَبُ and أُسْكِتَ [i. e. (assumed tropical:) And when the anger was stilled so that it was made to depart from Moses]. (Bd. [For the usual reading see 1, latter part.]) سَكْتٌ an inf. n. of 1 [q. v.]. (S, &c.) b2: and [hence,] A division [or pause] between two musical sounds, or notes, without breathing; (T, K, TA;) as also ↓ سَكْتَةٌ. (TA.) A2: See also سِكِّيتٌ, in two places.

سَكْتَةٌ A single state of silence, muteness, or speechlessness. (Msb.) One says, لِلْجُبْلَى صَرْخَةٌ ثُمَّ سَكْتَةٌ [To the pregnant woman is attributable a vehement cry, then a silence]. (A, TA.) b2: In prayer, A silence [or pause] after the commencement; [i. e. after what precedes the first recitation of the Opening Chapter of the Kur-án;] which is approved: and, in like manner, after the ending of the recitation of the Opening Chapter of the Kur-án. (T, TA.) b3: See also سَكْتٌ. b4: Also A certain disease [by which a person loses his powers of speech and motion], (S, K, TA,) well known among the physicians; (TA;) [i. e. apoplexy; thus called in the present day:] accord. to some, the word in this sense should be written ↓ سِكْتَةٌ, because it denotes a mode [of silence or stillness]; but this is incorrect, being at variance with the authority of transmission. (TA.) b5: See also the next paragraph: A2: and see سِكِّيتٌ.

سُكْتَةٌ: see سِكْتَةٌ. b2: Also A thing (S, A, Msb, K) of any kind (S) with which one silences, or hushes, or quiets, a child, (S, A, Msb, K,) or other person; (S, K;) [generally meaning a lullaby of any kind for a child:] and somewhat remaining in a bag or other receptacle, (K, TA,) i. e. of food. (TA.) One says, مَا لَهُ سُكْتَةٌ لِعِيَالِهِ, and ↓ سَكْتَةٌ, meaning He has not any food with which to silence, or quiet his family, or household. (Lh, TA.) سِكْتَةٌ is a subst. from سَكَتَ; [signifying Silence, &c.; like سُكُوتٌ used as a subst.;] as also ↓ سُكْتَةٌ. (Lh, TA.) b2: See also سَكْتَةٌ.

سُكَاتٌ Constant, or continual, silence. (Msb.) Hence, by way of comparison, one says, الإِفْحَامُ سُكَاتٌ [as though meaning The state of being silenced in a dispute, &c., is a state of constant, or continual, silence: but it seems to mean, more probably, الافحام (as an act. inf. n.) is an act that silences; agreeably with what here follows]. (Msb.) b2: رَمَاهُ بِسُكَاتٍ (Az, M, K) and ↓ سُكَاتَةٍ, (Az, S, M, A, K,) to which latter is generally added وَصُمَاتَةٍ, (M, TA,) He (a man, S, M, and God, TA) smote him, or afflicted him, with a thing that silenced him; (S, A, K;) thought by ISd to mean, with anxiety, or grief, that silenced him, or a thing in consequence of which he became silent: not expl. by Az. (TA.) b3: [In like manner] one says also, ↓ رَمَاهُ بِالمُسْكِتَاتِ [He smote him, or afflicted him, with the words, or acts, that silenced him]. (T in art. رم, from Aboo-Málik.) And بِهِ سُكَاتٌ [He has in him that which makes him silent]: said of one long silent in consequence of disease (A, TA) or of some evil in him. (TA.) And أَصَابَ سُكَاتًا He met with, or experienced, a disease that prevented him from speaking. (TA.) b4: هُوَعَلَى سُكَاتِ الأَمْرِ He is at the point of accomplishing the affair. (K.) And كُنْتُ عَلَى سُكَاتِ هٰذِهِ الحَاجَةِ I was at the point of attaining this want, or needful affair. (S.) b5: حَيَّةٌ سُكَاتٌ (tropical:) A serpent that bites before one has knowledge of it; (S, A, K, TA;) as also ↓ سَكُوتٌ. (TA.) سَكُوتٌ: see سِكِّيتٌ. b2: Applied to a she-camel, That does not utter the [grumbling] cry termed رُغَآء when the saddle is put upon her. (M, TA.) b3: See also سُكَاتٌ, last sentence.

سُكَيْتٌ: see سِكِّيتٌ. b2: السُّكَيْتُ and ↓ السُّكَّيْتُ, (S, Msb, K,) sometimes pronounced thus with teshdeed, (S,) the former being the more common, (Msb,) The tenth horse in a race; i. e. the last of them; (Msb;) the last horse among those that start together in a race, (S, K,) of the ten that are reckoned; (S;) also called الفِسْكِلُّ (S, Msb) and القَاشُورُ; those that come in after this one not being reckoned. (S.) The other nine are thus called, beginning with the first of these: المُجَلِّى, المُصَلِّى, المُسَلِّى, التَّالِى, المُرْتَاحُ, العَاطِفُ, الحَظِىُّ, المُؤَمَّلُ, and اللَّطِيمُ. (TA.) Sb says that سُكَيْتٌ is a contracted dim. of سُكَّيْتٌ; the uncontracted dim. of which is سُكَيْكِيتٌ. (TA.) b3: [Hence,] one says, فُلَانٌ سُكَيْتُ الحَلْبَةِ [lit. Such a one is the tenth horse of those that are started together for a wager], meaning (tropical:) such a one is scrupulously nice and exact, or neat, [and therefore deliberate,] in his handicraft. (A, TA.) سُكَاتَةٌ: see سُكَاتٌ.

سُكَّيْتٌ: see سِكِّيتٌ. b2: السُّكَّيْتُ: see السُّكَيْتُ.

سِكِّيتٌ (S, A, Msb, K) and ↓ سَاكُوتٌ (S, A, K) and ↓ سَكُوتٌ (A, TA) and ↓ سُكَيْتٌ and ↓ سُكَّيْتٌ and ↓ سِكْتِيتٌ and ↓ سَاكُوتَةٌ, (K,) [all intensive epithets, and the last doubly intensive,] A man constantly, or continually, silent: (S in explanation of the first and second:) or much, or often, silent, (Msb in explanation of the first, and K in explanation of all above-cited therefrom,) restraining himself from speech; (Msb;) and ↓ سَكْتٌ signifies the same: (K:) and ↓ this last, [which is originally an inf. n., and therefore used as an intensive epithet, like عَدْلٌ &c.,] (Az, K,) and ↓ سَاكُوتٌ and ↓ سَاكُوتَةٌ and ↓ سَكْتَةٌ, (TA,) [but the last, which is written in the TA without any syll. signs, is doubly intensive, as is also that next preceding it,] a man who speaks little, (Az, K, TA,) without inability to express his mind, or to express what he would say, (Az, TA,) and, when he speaks, does so well. (Az, K, TA.) سِكْتِيتٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

سَاكِتٌ [part. n. of 1; Silent, &c.: pl. سُكُوتٌ]. (TA.) سَاكُوتٌ: see سِكِّيتٌ; each in two places.

سَاكُوتَةٌ: see سِكِّيتٌ; each in two places.

اسْكَاتٌ The temperate days in the latter, or last, part of the صَيْف [app. here meaning summer]. (K.) b2: Remains of anything: (K:) as though pl. of سُكْتَةٌ, before mentioned. (TA.) b3: Also, (K,) or أَسْكَاتٌ مِنَ النَّاسِ, (IAar, Lh,) Sundry, or scattered, parties, or classes, of people: (IAar:) or i. q. أَوْبَاشٌ [i. e. a medley, or mixed multitude; or the lowest or basest or meanest sort, or refuse, or riffraff]: (Lh, K:) IAar does not assign to it a sing.: some say that its sing. is سكت [app. سَكْتٌ]; but this demands consideration. (TA.) إِسْكَاتَةٌ, of the measure إِفْعَالَةٌ from السُّكُوتُ; A silence [or pause] of short duration, requiring something to be said or read or recited after it: or an abstaining from elevating the voice in speech; not an absolute silence, in which one ceases, or abstains, from reading or reciting or speaking; for it occurs in a trad. in the words, مَا تَقُولُ فِى إِسْكَاتَتِكَ [What dost thou say in thy اسكاتة?]. (IAth, TA.) رَمَاهُ بِالمُسْكِتَاتِ: see سُكَاتٌ.

المُسَكَّتُ The last of the قِدَاح [or arrows used in the game called المَيْسِر]. (K.) This is omitted in some of the copies of the K. (MF.) الحِكْمَةُ المَسْكُوتُ عَنْهَا The secrets of the science of the Divine Essence. (TA in art. حكم, q. v.)