عصر

1 عَصَرَهُ, (S, Msb, K,) aor. ـِ (O, Msb, K,) inf. n. عَصْرٌ; (S, Msb;) and ↓ اعتصرهُ; (S, O, Msb, K;) [He pressed it, or squeezed it, so as to force out, i. e. he expressed, its juice, sirup, honey, oil, water, or moisture;] he extracted, or fetched out by labour or art [i. e. by pressure or wringing], (Msb, K,) its water, or juice, or the like, (Msb,) or what was in it, (K,) namely, what was in grapes, (S, Msb, K,) and the like, (Msb, K,) of things having oil, or sirup, or honey: (TA:) or عَصَرَهُ signifies he performed that act himself; (K;) as also ↓ عصّرهُ, inf. n. تَعْصِيرٌ: (Sgh, TA:) or the latter, he superintended the pressing thereof, i. e., of grapes: (O:) and ↓ اعتصرهُ, he had it done for him: (K:) or this last, he did it for another, or others: (Mgh, as implied by an explanation of مُعْتَصِرٌ:) and عَصِيرًا ↓ اعتصر he prepared expressed juice or the like. (S, O.) [See also 8 below.] عُصْرَ is used as a contraction of عُصِرَ. (S, O.) b2: [Hence,] عَصَرَ الثَّوْبَ, inf. n. as above, He wrung out the water of the garment, or piece of cloth; he forced out its water by wringing it. (Msb.) b3: And عَصَرَ الدُّمَّلَ لِتَخْرُجَ مِدَّتُهُ [He squeezed, or pressed, the pustule in order that its thick purulent matter might come forth]. (Msb.) b4: And عَصَرَ حَلْقَهُ [He squeezed his throat]. (Mgh and Msb in art. خنق.) b5: and عَصَرَ, aor. ـِ (assumed tropical:) He took, or collected, the produce of the earth: from the same verb in the first of the senses expl. above: and hence, accord. to Abu-l-Ghowth, in the Kur [xii. 49], وَفَيهِ يَعْصِرُونَ (assumed tropical:) And in it they shall take, or collect, the produce of the earth: (S:) or the meaning is, and in it they shall press grapes, or olives, or the like: or they shall milk the udders. (Bd.) [And there are other explanations, which see below.]

A2: عُصِرُوا, (S, IKtt, O,) or ↓ أُعْصِرُوا, (O, K,) They were rained upon; they had rain; syn. مُطِرُوا, (S, O,) or أُمْطِرُوا [which is less correct]. (IKtt, K.) Hence, in the Kur [ubi suprà], accord. to one reading, وَفِيهِ يُعْصَرُونَ [And in it they shall have rain]. (S, O.) [See also above, and below.]

A3: عَصَرَهُ also signifies He saved him; preserved him: and hence, in the Kur [ubi suprà], accord. to one reading, وَفِيهِ يُعْصَرُونَ [And in it they shall be saved, or preserved]. (Bd.) b2: Hence also, perhaps, the other reading, وَفِيهِ يُعْصِرُونَ And in it they shall aid, or succour, one another. (Bd.) b3: See also 8, last quarter, in two places.

A4: Also, عَصَرَهُ, (O, TA,) inf. n. عَصْرٌ, (O, K, TA,) It [or he] withheld, hindered, or prevented, him: (O, K, * TA:) one says, مَا عَصَرَكَ What withheld, hindered, or prevented, thee? (O, TA.) And He refused, and withheld, it; (K, * TA;) namely, anything. (TA.) [See also 8, which signifies the same.] b2: And عَصَرَهُ, (K,) aor. ـِ inf. n. عَصْرٌ, He gave (O, K, TA) to him. (K, TA.) Thus it has two contr. significations. (IKtt, TA.) Tarafeh says, لَوْ كَانَ فِى أَمْلَاكِنَا أَحَدٌ يَعْصِرُ فِينَا كَالَّذِى تَعْصِرُ (S, O, TA, but in the S with مَلِكٌ in the place of أَحَدٌ,) i. e. [If there were, or would that there were, among our kings one] giving to us the like of what thou givest: (TA:) and another reading is, مِثْلَ مَا تَعْصِرُ; (O;) and it is expl. (by A'Obeyd, TA) as meaning, doing to us benefits (O, TA) like as thou dost: (O:) but Aboo-Sa'eed relates it thus; يُعْصَرُ فِينَا كالَّذِى تُعْصَرُ i. e. يُصَابُ مِنْهُ [app. from عَصَرَ signifying “ he pressed ” grapes and the like; and thus meaning, (assumed tropical:) from whom is gotten, among us, like what is gotten from thee; or, as it may be less freely rendered, who has his bounty drawn forth, among us, like as thou hast thine drawn forth]; and he disallowed the reading [يَعْصِرُ and] تَعْصِرُ. (TA.) See also 8, first quarter.

A5: See also 4, second sentence: b2: and last two sentences.

A6: And see the paragraph here following.2 عَصَّرَ see 1: A2: and see also 4, second sentence.

A3: عصّر الزَّرْعُ, inf. n. تَعْصِيرٌ; (K, TA;) but in the Tekmileh written الزَّرْعُ ↓ عَصَرَ, without teshdeed; (TA;) The corn put forth its glumes: (K, TA:) app. from عَصَرٌ meaning “ a place of protection: ”

i. e. [the rudiments of its ears] became protected in its glumes. (TA.) 3 عاصر فُلَانًا, inf. n. مُعَاصَرَةٌ and عِصَارٌ, He was contemporary with such a one: or he attained to, or reached, the time of such a one. (O, TA.) Hence the saying, المُعَاصَرَةُ مُعَاسَرَةٌ وَالمُعَاصِرُ لَا يُنَاصِرُ [The being contemporary is an occasion of hard, or harsh, treatment; and the contemporary will not render reciprocal aid to his fellow]. (TA. [But I have substituted معاسرة for معاصرة, which latter seems to have been written by mistake for the former.]) A2: See also 8, last quarter.4 اعصر He (a man, TA) entered upon the time called العَصْر: (K, TA:) and also he entered upon the evening, or last part of the day; like اقصر. (TA.) b2: And اعصرت, (S, Msb, K,) and ↓ عصّرت, (K,) so in all the copies of the K, but in a copy of the Tahdheeb of IKtt ↓ عَصَرَتْ, without tesh-deed, (TA,) (tropical:) She (a girl, S, Msb, or woman, K) attained the عَصْر of her youth, (TA,) or [simply] attained the period of her youth, (K,) and arrived at the age of puberty: (K, TA:) or entered upon the time of puberty, and began to have the menstrual discharge; (S, O;) because of her womb's being pressed; (O;) or as though she entered upon the عَصْر of her youth: (S, O, TA:) or she attained the age of puberty: (S, IKtt:) or she had the menstrual discharge: (Msb:) or she entered upon the time of that discharge: (K:) or she approached that time; for, said of a girl, it is like رَاهَقَ said of a boy; accord. to Abu-lGhowth el-Aarábee: (S:) or she approached the age of twenty: (K:) or she became confined in the house, (K,) and had a retreat (عَصَرٌ) appointed for her, (TA,) at the time of her having the menstrual discharge: (K:) or she brought forth; (K;) in which sense it is of the dial. of Azd. (TA.) The woman, or girl, is termed ↓ مُعْصِرٌ (S, O, Msb, K) and ↓ مُعْصِرَةٌ, with ة: (IDrd, O, TA:) pl. مَعاصِرٌ (S, K) and مَعَاصِيرُ. (K.) A2: أَعْصَرَتِ السَّحَائِبُ (assumed tropical:) The clouds were at the point of having rain pressed forth from them by the winds. (O, and Bd in lxxviii. 14. [But see مُعْصِرٌ.]) b2: أُعْصِرُوا: see 1.

A3: اعصرت الرِّيحُ, (O, TA,) and ↓ عَصَرَت, (TA,) The wind brought what is termed إِعْصَار [q. v. infrà.]. (O, TA.) And you say also, الرِّيحُ بِالتُّرَابِ فِى الهَوَآءِ ↓ عَصَرَتِ [The wind raised the dust into the air in the form of a pillar]. (TA.) 5 تعصّر: see 7: A2: and 8, latter half.

A3: I. q.

تَعَسَّرَ [it was, or became, difficult, strait, or intricate]. (TA.) A4: (tropical:) He wept. (A.) 7 انعصر quasi-pass. of 1 in the first of the senses expl. above; [It became pressed, or squeezed, so that its juice, sirup, honey, oil, water, or moisture, was forced out; its juice, or the like, became extracted, or fetched out by labour or art, i. e. by pressure or wringing;] (S, O, Msb, K;) as also ↓ تعصّر. (S, O, K.) b2: You say also, انعصر الخِنَاقُ فِى حَلْقِهِ [The strangling-rope, or the like, became compressed upon his throat]. (TA in art. خنق.) 8 اعتصرهُ: see عَصَرَهُ, in three places. b2: [Hence, app.,] اعتصر (tropical:) He voided his ordure. (O, K, * TA.) [See the act. part. n., below.] b3: And اعتصر بِالمَآءِ (assumed tropical:) He swallowed the water by little and little in order that some food by which he was choked might be made to descend easily in his throat. (S, O, K.) b4: And اعتصر مَالَهُ (tropical:) He extracted, or extorted, his property from his hand, or possession: (S, Msb, TA:) from the same verb as syn. with عَصَرَ expl. in the beginning of this art.: (Msb:) he took forth his property for a debt or for some other reason: (K, * TA:) and اعتصر, (assumed tropical:) he took; (K;) as also ↓ عَصَرَ, aor. ـِ (TA:) (assumed tropical:) he took of, or from, a thing: (TA:) (assumed tropical:) he got, and took, of, or from, a thing: (S, as implied in an explanation of the act. part. n.:) (assumed tropical:) he got a thing from a person: (L:) or, accord. to El-'Itreefee, (assumed tropical:) he took the property of his son for himself; or he suffered the property of his son to remain in his (the latter's) possession: you do not say اعتصر فُلَانٌ مَالَ فُلَانٍ [such a one took for himself the property of such a one] unless he be a relation to him: [you say so of a father:] and of a boy you say, اعتصر مَالَ أَبِيهِ, meaning, (assumed tropical:) he took the property of his father. (TA.) [See اعتسر.] And بِالمَالِ ↓ اعتصر العَصَّارُ [or المَالَ?

i. e. (tropical:) The extorter, or exacter, extorted, or exacted the property]. (A, TA.) b5: Also اعتصر, (tropical:) He took back a gift: (A, Mgh, L, TA:) in the K, the inf. n. is expl. by اِنْتِجَاعُ العَطِيَّةِ; but in the L, the verb is expl. by اِرْتَجَعَ العَطِيَّةَ, [and in like manner in the A and Mgh,] and رَجَعَ فِيهَا: (TA:) (assumed tropical:) he revoked, recalled, or retracted, the gift; syn. اِرْتَجَعَ, (Mgh, O,) and اِسْتَرَدَّ. (Mgh.) Hence the trad. of 'Omar, الوَالِدُ يَعْتَصِرُ وَلَدَهُ فِيمَا

أَعْطَاهُ وَلَيْسَ لِلْوَلَدِ أَنْ يَعْتَصِرَ مِنْ وَالِدِهِ, i. e., (tropical:) The father may take from his child what he has given him; [but it is not for the child to take from his father what he has given him.] (Mgh, O.) But as to the trad. of Esh-Shaabee, يَعْتَصِرُ الوَالِدُ عَلَى

وَلَدِهِ فِى مَالِهِ [(tropical:) The father may take back what he has given to his child], the verb is made trans. by means of على because it implies the meaning of يَرْجِعُ عَلَيْهِ, and يَعُودُ عَلَيْهِ: (IAth, Mgh, O: *) or this latter trad. means, the father may forbid his child his property, and withhold it from him: (S:) and [in like manner] the former trad., the father may withhold his child from giving his property, and forbid it to him: (TA:) for اعتصر also signifies he prevented, hindered, withheld, or refused; syn. مَنَعَ. (K, TA.) Hence, اِعْتِصَارُ الصَّدَقَةِ [The withholding, or refusing, the poorrate]. (TA.) [See also 1.] b6: اعتصر also signifies (assumed tropical:) He was niggardly, or avaricious, (K, TA,) عَلَيْهِ towards him. (TA.) A2: اعتصر بِهِ; (S, A, K;) and به ↓ تعصّر, (S, K,) or إِلَيْهِ; (O;) and به ↓ عَصَرَ, inf. n. عَصْرٌ; (TA;) and ↓ عاصرهُ; (A;) (tropical:) He had recourse to him for refuge, protection, or preservation; (S, A, K;) and sought, desired, or asked, aid, or succour, of him. (A.) In the Kur [xii. 49], ↓ وَفِيهِ تُعْصَرُونَ [sic], which is one reading, is expl. by Lth as signifying And in it ye shall have recourse for refuge, or protection; but Az disapproves of this: (TA:) [the common reading] وفيه يَعْصِرُونَ, accord. to AO, (so in one copy of the S,) or A'Obeyd, (as in another copy of the S,) signifies and in it they shall be safe; from عُصْرَةٌ signifying “ a cause, or means, of safety: ” (S:) or they shall be safe from trial, or affliction, and shall preserve themselves by plenty, or fruitfulness. (TA.) عَصْرٌ [which is the most common form] and ↓ عُصُرٌ (S, A, O, Msb, K) and ↓ عُصْرٌ (S, A, O, K) and ↓ عِصْرٌ (A, O, K) i. q. دَهْرٌ [as meaning Time; or a time; or a space or period of time]; (S, A, O, Msb, K;) or any unlimited extent of time, during which peoples pass away and become extinct; (Esh-Shiháb, in the “ Sharh esh-Shifè; ”) [a succession of ages:] such is said by Fr to be its meaning in the Kur ciii. l: (TA:) pl. (of pauc., O) أَعْصُرٌ (O, K) and أَعْصَارٌ; (K;) and [of mult.] عُصُورٌ (S, O, K) and عُصُرٌ. (K.) You say, مَا فَعَلْتُهُ عَصْرًا, and بِعَصْرٍ, I did it not in its time. (A.) And ↓ جَآءُ لٰكِنَّ لَمْ يَجِئْ لِعُصْرٍ He came, but he came not at the [proper] time of coming. (Az, O, K: but Az relates it without لكنّ. TA.) And ↓ نَامَ وَمَا نَامَ لِعُصْرٍ, (K,) or, accord. to Az and Sgh and the author of the L and others, ما ↓ نام عُصْرًا, (TA,) He slept, but hardly, or scarcely, slept. (Az, K, &c.) And نَامَ فُلَانٌ وَلَمْ يَنَمْ عَصْرًا, and بِعَصْرٍ, Such a one slept, but slept not during a [considerable period of] time, or day; (A;) agreeably with other significations, here following. (TA.) b2: عَصْرٌ also signifies An hour, or a time, (سَاعَةٌ,) of the day. (Katádeh, O.) b3: A day: (K:) [or day, as opposed to night:] and a night: (K:) [or night, as opposed to day:] also the morning, before, or after, sunrise; syn. غَدَاةٌ: and the afternoon; or evening; or last part of the day; until the sun becomes red; as also ↓ عَصَرٌ, (IDrd, K.) Hence, العَصْرَانِ The night and the day: (O, TA:) or night and day: (Msb:) and the morning, before, or after, sunrise, and the afternoon or evening; or the first part of the day and the last part thereof: الغَدَاةُ وَالعَشِىُّ. (ISk, S, O, Msb.) [See also الأَبْرَدَانِ.] A poet says, وَأَمْطُلُهُ العَصْرَيْنِ حَتَّى يَمَلُّنِى

وَيَرْضَى بِنِصْفِ الدَّيْنِ وَالأَنْفُ رَاغِمُ [And I put him off, delaying the payment of his debt, morning and evening, or from morning to evening, so that he loathes me, and is content with half of the debt, though unwilling]: meaning, when he comes to me in the first part of the day, I promise to pay him in the last part of it: (ISk, S:) or, accord. to Sgh, the right reading (instead of والانف راغم) is فِى غَيْرِ نَائِلِ [without liberality]: and the verse is by 'Abd-Allah Ibn-Ez-Zubeyr El-Asadee. (TA.) b4: Hence also (S, O) صَلَاةُ العَصْرِ, (S, O, Msb,) and ↓ صلاة العَصَرِ, (O, TA,) fem. only, and simply العَصْرُ, [and ↓ العَصَرُ,] mase. and fem., (Msb,) [The prayer of afternoon; the time of which commences about mid-time between noon and nightfall; or accord. to the Shá-fi'ees, Málikees, and Hambelees, when the shade of an object, cast by the sun, is equal to the length of that object, added to the length of the shade which the same object casts at noon; and accord. to the Hanafees, when the shadow is equal to twice the length of the object added to the length of its mid-day shadow: its end being sunset, or the time when the sun becomes red:] so called because performed in one of the عَصْرَانِ, i. e., in the last portion of the day: (O:) also called الصَّلَاةُ الوَسْطَى [accord. to some], because it is between the two prayers of the day [that of daybreak and that of noon] and the two prayers of the night [that of sunset and that of nightfall]: (Abu-l-'Abbás:) pl. [of pauc.] أَعْصُرٌ; and [of mult.] عُصُورٌ. (Msb.) [And hence likewise,] العَصْرَانِ is applied in a trad. to The prayer of daybreak and that of the عَصْر; one being made predominant over the other; (Msb, TA;) as is the case in القَمَرَانِ applied to the sun and the moon; (TA;) or they are so called because they are performed at the two extremities of the عَصْرَانِ, meaning the night and the day; (Msb, TA;) but the former is the more likely. (TA.) [See an ex. of the dim., العُصَيْرُ, voce مُرْهِقَة, in art. رهق.]

b5: You say also, جَآءَ فُلَانٌ عَصْرًا, meaning Such a one came late. (Ks, S, O.) A2: See also عَصِيرٌ. b2: عَصْرٌ also signifies (assumed tropical:) Rain from the [clouds called] مُعْصِرَات. (K.) A3: Also A man's [near kinsfolk such as are termed his] رَهْط and عَشِيرَة: (O, K, * TA:) or his عَصَبَة [q. v.]. (TA.) عُصْرٌ: see عَصْرٌ, in four places.

A2: And see also عَصَرٌ.

عِصْرٌ: see عَصْرٌ.

عَصَرٌ: see عَصْرٌ, in three places.

A2: Also A place to which one has recourse for refuge, protection, preservation, concealment, covert, or lodging; a place of refuge; an asylum; a refuge: (S, O, K:) and a cause, or means, of safety; syn. مَنْجَاةٌ: (S, K:) as also ↓ عُصْرٌ (K) and ↓ عُصْرَةٌ (S, O, TA) and ↓ مُعَصَّرٌ (O, K) and ↓ مُعْتَصَرٌ (TA) and ↓ عُصُرٌ, from which عُصْرٌ is said to be contracted, (TA,) [and ↓ عَصِيرَةٌ.] You say, ↓ زَيْدٌ عُصْرَتِى and ↓ عَصِيرَتِى and ↓ مَعْتَصَرِى (tropical:) [Zeyd is my refuge]. (A.) A3: Also Dust; or dust raised and spreading; syn. غُبَارٌ: (S, O, K:) or vehement dust; (TA;) which latter is also the signification of ↓ عِصَارٌ and ↓ عَصَرَةٌ: (O, K, TA:) or this last, or, accord. to some, ↓ عُصْرَةٌ, has the former signification. (L.) It is said in a trad., مَرَّتِ امْرَأَةٌ مُتَطَيِّبَةٌ لِذَيْلِهَا عَصَرٌ, (S, O,) or ↓ عُصْرَةٌ.

or, as some relate it, ↓ عَصَرَةٌ, (l.,) A perfumed woman passed by, her skirt having a dust proceeding from it, (S, A, L,) occasioned by her dragging it along [upon the ground], (l.,) or occasioned by the abundance of the perfume: (A:) or ↓ عَصَرَةٌ may mean (tropical:) an exhalation of perfume: (L, TA: *) [for] it has this meaning also: (IDrd, O:) but accord. to one relation, it is إِعْصَارٌ, (L,) which also signifies dust raised by wind. (TA.) عُصُرٌ: see عَصْرٌ: A2: and see عَصَرٌ.

عُصْرَةٌ [app., A thing from which water or the like may, or may almost, be expressed, or wrung out]. You say, بَلَّ المَطَرُ ثِيَابَهُ حَتَّى صَارَتْ عُصْرَةً

The rain wetted his clothes so that their water was almost wrung out. (TA.) A2: See also عَصَرٌ, in four places.

A3: Also i. q. دِنْيَةٌ: one says, هٰؤُلَآءِ مَوَالِينَا عُصْرَةً i. e. دِنْيَةً [These are sons of our paternal uncle, or the like, closely related], exclusively of others: (S, O:) and so قُصْرَةً. (TA.) عَصَرَةٌ: see عَصَرٌ, in three places.

عُصَارٌ: see عُصَارَةٌ.

عِصَارٌ: see عَصَرٌ, and إِعْصَارٌ.

عَصُورٌ: see عَاصِرٌ.

عَصِيرٌ i. q. ↓ مَعْصُورٌ [Pressed, or squeezed, or wrung, so that its juice, sirup, honey, oil, water, or moisture, is forced out]; (K;) as also ↓ عَصْرٌ. (TA.) See also عُصَارَةٌ, in two places.

عُصَارَةٌ Expressed juice or the like; what flows (S, O, Msb, K) from grapes and the like, (Msb, K,) of things having oil or sirup or honey, (TA,) on pressure or squeezing or wringing; (IDrd, S, O, Msb, TA;) [an extract; but properly, such as is expressed;] as also ↓ عَصِيرٌ (Mgh, Msb, K) and ↓ عُصَارٌ; (K;) or, as some say, عُصَارٌ is a pl. of [or rather a coll. gen. n. of which the n. un. is]

عُصَارَةٌ. (TA.) b2: Also What remains of dregs, after pressing to force out the juice or the like. (S, O, TA.) b3: Also The choice part, or the refuse, (نُقَايَة [which has these two contr. significations]) of a thing. (TA.) b4: Also (tropical:) The produce (IF, A, O) of a land. (A.) b5: وَلَدُ فُلَانٍ عُصَارَةُ كَرَمٍ and مِنْ عُصَارَاتِ الكَرَمِ [means (tropical:) The children of such a one are of generous race, or of generous disposition]. (A.) b6: رَجُلٌ كَرِيمُ العُصَارَةِ, (K,) and ↓ المَعْصَرِ, (S, O, K,) and ↓ المُعْتَصَرِ, (K,) (tropical:) A man generous, or liberal, when asked. (S, O, K.) And ↓ مَنِيعُ المُعْتَصَرِ (tropical:) One with whom one cannot take refuge, or whose protection is unobtainable. (TA.) And ↓ كَرِيمُ العَصِيرِ, (O, L,) or كَثِيرُ العَصِيرِ, not كَرِيمُ العَصْرِ as in the [O and] K, (TA,) (tropical:) Of generous race. (O, L, K.) [See also عُنْصُرٌ.]

عَصِيرَةٌ: see عَصَرٌ, in two places.

عَصَّارٌ A presser of [grapes or] oil [and the like]. (MA, KL.) b2: [And hence, (tropical:) An extorter, or exacter.] See 8, former half.

عَاصِرٌ act. part. n. of 1. b2: لَا أَفْعَلُهُ مَا دَامَ لِلزَّيْتِ عَاصِرٌ [I will not do it as long as there is an expresser of the oil of the olive]; i. e., ever. (S, O.) b3: ↓ عَوَاصِرُ [as though pl. of عَاصِرٌ or of عَاصِرَةٌ] Three stones with which grapes are pressed so as to force out the juice, (K,) being placed one upon another. (TA.) b4: عَاصِرٌ and ↓ عَصُورٌ (tropical:) One who takes of the property of his child without the latter's permission. (TA.) b5: فُلَانٌ عَاصِرٌ (tropical:) Such a one is tenacious, or avaricious. (TA.) عُنْصُرٌ (S, O, Msb, K) and عُنْصَرٌ, (S, O, K,) the former of which is the more commonly known, but the latter [accord. to my copy of the Msb عَنْصر, but this I regard as a mistake of the copyist,] is the more chaste, (TA,) Origin; syn. أَصْلٌ: (S, O, Msb, K:) race, lineage, or family: (Msb:) rank or quality, nobility or eminence, reputation or note or consideration, derived from ancestors, or from one's own deeds or qualities; syn. حَسَبٌ: (S, O, K:) pl. عَنَاصِرُ. (Msb.) You say فُلَانٌ كَرِيمُ العُنْصُرِ [Such a one is of generous origin, or race, &c.,] like as you say كَرِيمُ العَصِيرِ. (L.) b2: An element (أَصْلٌ) [of those] whereof are composed the material substances of different natures; [an element considered as that from which composition commences:] it is of four kinds; namely, fire, air, earth, and water. (KT.) [But this application belongs to the conventional language of philosophy. See also مَادَّةٌ, and جِسْمٌ.]

عَوَاصِرُ: see عَاصِرٌ.

إِعْصَارٌ A whirlwind of dust [or sand], resembling a pillar; a wind that raises dust [or sand] between the sky and the earth, and revolves, resembling a pillar; called also by the Arabs a زَوْبَعَة; of the masc. gender; (Msb;) a wind that raises the dust [or sand], and rises towards the sky, as though it were a pillar; (S, O;) a wind that blows from the ground, (K, TA,) and raises the dust [or sand], and rises (TA) like a pillar towards the sky; (K, TA;) called by the people a زَوْبَعَة: (TA:) unless it blow in this manner, with vehemence, it is not thus called: (Zj, TA:) [see عَمُودٌ:] a wind that rises into the sky: (Az:) or a wind that raises the clouds, (S, O, K,) with thunder and lightning: (S, O:) or in which is fire: (K:) mentioned in the Kur ii. 268: (S, O:) or in which is ↓ عِصَار, which signifies vehement dust, (K,) or this latter word signifies dust raised into the air, by the wind, in the form of a pillar (مَا عَصَرَتْ بِهِ الرِّيحُ مِنَ التُّرَابِ فِى الهَوَآءِ): (TA:) [see also عَصَرٌ:] pl. أَعَاصِيرُ, (Msb, TA,) and أَعَاصِرُ [occurring in poetry]. (Ham p. 678.) b2: إِنْ كُنْتَ رِيحًا فَقَدْ لَاقَيْتَ إِعْصَارًا [If thou be a wind, thou hast met with a whirlwind of dust like a pillar] is a prov. of the Arabs, (O, TA,) relating to a man in whom is somewhat of power and who meets with one superior to him, (O,) or to a man who meets his adversary with courage. (TA.) b3: And one says, وَعْدُهُ إِعْصَارٌ [His promising is unprofitable like a whirlwind of dust]. (A, TA.) كَرِيمُ المَعْصَرِ: see عُصَارَةٌ.

مُعْصِرٌ and مُعْصِرَةٌ: see 4, near the end. b2: مُعْصِرَاتٌ signifies (assumed tropical:) Clouds; (Az, K;) so called because they press forth water: (Aboo-Is-hák, TA:) this explanation is most agreeable with what is said in the Kur lxxviii. 14, because the winds called أَعَاصِيرُ [pl. of إِعْصَارٌ] are not of the winds of rain: (Az, TA:) or clouds at the point of having rain pressed forth from them by the winds: (Bd in lxxviii. 14; and TA: *) or clouds ready to pour forth rain: (TA:) or clouds pressing forth rain: (S, O:) or clouds that flow with [or ooze forth] rain but have not yet collected together; like as مُعْصِرٌ is applied to a girl who has almost had the menstrual discharge but has not yet had it: (Fr, TA:) or winds ready to press forth the rain from the clouds: (Bd, ubi suprà:) or winds having أَعَاصِير; (Bd, ubi suprà; and TA;) i. e., dust. (TA.) مِعْصَرٌ (K, TA) and مِعْصَرَةٌ (S, O, TA) The thing in which grapes (S, O, K) and olives (S) are pressed, to force out their juice (S, O, K) and oil. (S.) [See also مِعْصَارٌ.]

مَعْصَرَةٌ A place in which grapes and the like are pressed, to force out their juice or the like. (K, * TA.) مُعَصَّرٌ: see عَصَرٌ.

مِعْصَارٌ That in which a thing is put and pressed, in order that its water, or the like, may flow [or ooze] out. (K, * TA.) [See also مِعْصَرٌ.]

مَعْصُورٌ: see عَصِيرٌ. b2: Also (tropical:) A tongue dry (O, TA) by reason of thirst. (TA.) مُعْتَصَرٌ: see عَصَرٌ, in two places: b2: and see عُصَارَةٌ, in two places.

مُعْتَصِرٌ: One who expresses the juice of grapes, to make wine, for another or others. (Mgh.) [But see 1.] b2: (tropical:) Voiding ordure: (Mgh, K, * TA:) from عَصْرٌ, or from عَصَرٌ signifying “ a place of refuge or concealment. ” (TA.) b3: and (tropical:) One who gets, and takes, of, or from, a thing. (S, O.)

عفر

1 عَفَرَهُ, aor. ـِ (S, O, Msb, K,) inf. n. عَفْرٌ, (S, O, Msb,) He rubbed it (namely a vessel) with dust: and ↓ عفّرهُ he rubbed it much with dust: (Msb:) or the latter, he defiled, or soiled, it with dust: (Mgh:) and the former, and ↓ latter, (S, O, K,) of which the inf. n. is تَعْفِيرٌ, (S, O,) he rolled, or turned over, him, or it, فِى التُّرَابِ in the dust: (S, O, K:) or he hid (دَسَّ) him, or it, therein. (K.) It is is said in a trad. of Aboo-Jahl, مُحَمَّدٌ وَجْهَهُ بَيْنَ أَظْهُرِكُمْ ↓ هَلْ يُعَفِّرُ [Doth, or shall, Mohammad defile his face with dust, or rub his face in the dust, in the midst of you?], meaning his prostrating himself in the dust: and at the end he says, ↓ لَأَطَأَنَّ عَلَى رَقَبَتِهِ أَوْ لَأُعَفِّرَنَّ وَجْهَهُ فِى التُّرَابِ [I will assuredly trample upon his neck, or I will defile, or roll, his face in the dust]; meaning that he would abase him, or render him abject. (TA.) b2: He dragged him, being about to roll him in the dust: and you say ثَوْبَهُ فِى االتُّرَابِ ↓ اِعْتَفَرَ [He dragged his garment in the dust]. (Aboo-Nasr, L, TA.) b3: And عَفَرَهُ, (K,) inf. n. عَفْرٌ, (TA,) He cast him upon the ground; as also ↓ اعتفرهُ. (K.) You say, ↓ اعتفرهُ الأَسَدُ The lion cast him upon the ground: (A:) or the lion seized him, and broke his neck, (S, O, TA,) and cast him upon the ground, and shook him about. (TA.) And ↓ اعتفرهُ He leaped, or sprang, upon him, or at him, (سَاوَرَهُ, O, K, for which شَاوره is erroneously put in some copies of the K, TA,) and dragged him, and cast him upon the ground. (TA.) [See also 2.]

A2: عَفِرَ, aor. ـَ (Msb, K,) inf. n. عَفَرٌ, (Msb,) He, or it, was of the colour termed عُفْرَة: (Msb, K:) or of a colour resembling that. (Msb.) 2 عَفَّرَ see 1, in four places. b2: عفّر قِرْنَهُ, and فَأَلْزَقَهُ بِالعَفَرِ ↓ عافرهُ, He wrestled with his adversary, and made him cleave to the dust. (A.) A2: عفّر, inf. n. تَعْفِيرٌ, He mixed his black sheep or goats with others of the colour termed عُفْرَةٌ: (O, K, TA:) or he took white sheep or goats in exchange for black; because the former have more increase. (S, O, TA.) b2: And He made, or rendered, white. (S, O.) 3 عَاْفَرَ see the next preceding paragraph.5 تَعَفَّرَ see 7, in three places. b2: تعفّر الوَحْشُ (tropical:) The wild animals became fat. (O, K, TA.) 6 تعافر said of [food of the kind called] ثَرِيد, It was made white. (K. [See أَعْفَرُ, latter half.]) 7 انعفر and ↓ اعتفر It (a vessel) became rubbed with dust: and ↓ تعفّر it became much rubbed with dust: (Msb:) or the first and ↓ second, (S, O,) and ↓ the last also, (O,) it (a thing) became defiled with dust: (S, O:) or the first and ↓ last, he or it, became rolled, or turned over, فِى التُّرَابِ in the dust: or became hidden therein. (K.) b2: And one says, دَخَلْتُ المَآءَ فَمَا انْعَفَرَتْ قَدَمَاىَ I entered the water, and my feet did not reach the ground. (A, TA.) 8 إِعْتَفَرَ see 1, in four places.

A2: See also 7, in two places. Q. Q. 2 تَعَفْرَتَ He became, or acted like, an عِفْرِيت; (K, TA;) from which latter word this verb is derived, the [final] augmentative letter being preserved in it, with the radical letters, to convey the full meaning, and to indicate the original. (TA.) عَفْرٌ: see عَفَرٌ, in four places.

عُفْرٌ: see عِفْرٌ.

A2: Also pl. of أَعْفَرُ [q. v.]. (S, &c.) عِفْرٌ A boar; (S, O, K;) as also ↓ عُفْرٌ: or a swine, as a common term: or the young one of a sow. (K.) A2: عِفْرٌ (S, A, O, K) and ↓ عَفِرٌ (Sgh in TA in art. نفر) and ↓ عِفْرِيَةٌ, (A, O, K,) in which the ى is to render the word quasi-coordinate to شِرْذِمَةٌ, [I substitute this word for شِرْذِوَةٌ, in the L, and شِرْذِذَةٌ in the TA,] and the ة to give intensiveness, (L, TA,) and ↓ عِفْرِيتٌ, (A, O, K,) in which the ت is to render the word quasicoordinate to قِنْدِيلٌ, (TA,) [or to render it a contraction of عِفْرِيَةٌ,] and ↓ عَفْرِيتٌ, which occurs in one reading of the Kur, [xxvii. 39, and is agreeable with modern vulgar pronunciation,] (O, CK,) and ↓ عِفْرَاتٌ, (CK,) and ↓ عُفَارِيَةٌ, (A, O, L, K,) in which the ى is to render the word quasi-coordinate to عُذَافِرَةٌ, and the ة is to give intensiveness, (TA,) and ↓ عِفِرٌّ, (O, K,) and ↓ عِفْرِىٌّ, (Sgh, K,) and ↓ عُفَرْنِيَةٌ, (Sgh, K,) and ↓ عِفْرِينٌ, and ↓ عِفِرِّينٌ, (Lh, TA,) and ↓ عَفَرْنًى, (Lth, TA,) [respecting which last, see the latter portion of this paragraph,] applied to a man, (S, O, K,) and to a jinnee, or genie, (Kur, ubi suprá,) Wicked, or malignant; (S, O, K;) crafty, or cunning; (S, O;) abominable, foul, or evil; (K;) abounding in evil; (TA;) strong, or powerful; (A;) insolent and audacious in pride and in acts of rebellion or disobedience; (A, TA;) who roils his adversary in the dust: (A:) and the epithet applied to a woman is عِفْرَةٌ, (S, O,) and ↓ عِفْرِيتَةٌ, (Lh, K,) and ↓ عِفِرَّةٌ: (Sh, O:) or ↓ عِفْرِيتٌ signifies anything that exceeds the ordinary bounds; and ↓ عُفَارِيَةٌ is syn. with it: (AO, S, O:) and ↓ عِفْرِيتٌ and ↓ عِفْرِينٌ and ↓ عِفِرِّينٌ (Zj, K) applied to a man, and as applied in the Kur, ubi suprá, [to a jinnee,] (Zj,) sharp, vigorous, and effective, in an affair, exceeding the ordinary bounds therein, with craftiness, or cunning, (Zj, O, K,) and wickedness, or malignity: (Zj:) or ↓ عِفْرِيتٌ is properly applied to a jinnee, and signifies evil in disposition, and wicked or malignant; and is metaphorically applied to a man, like as is شَيْطَانٌ: (B:) it is applied to an evil jinnee that is powerful, but inferior to such as is termed مَارِدٌ: (Mir-át ez-Zemán:) ↓ عِفْرِيَةٌ also signifies i. q. دَاهِيَةٌ [app. meaning very crafty or cunning, rather than a calamity]: (S, O:) ↓ عِفْرِيَةٌ and ↓ عِفْرِيتٌ are also applied as epithets to a شَيْطَان [or devil]: (Kh, S:) the pl. of the former of these two epithets is عَفَارِيَةٌ, (Kh, S, O,) or عَفَارِىُّ; (Fr;) and that of ↓ عفريت is عَفَارِيتُ; (Kh, Fr, S, O;) and that of ↓ عِفِرٌّ is عِفِرُّونَ; (Sh;) and that of عِفْرٌ is أَعْفَارٌ. (TA in art. جشم.) You say, فُلَانٌ نِفْرِيتٌ ↓ عِفْرِيتٌ, and نِفْرِيَةٌ ↓ عِفْرِيَةٌ; [Such a one is wicked, or malignant; &c.;] the latter of these two words being an imitative sequent. (AO, S, O.) And in a trad. it is said, إِنَّ اللّٰهَ يَبْغُضُ النِّفْرِيَةَ الَّذِى لَا يُرْزَأُ فِى أَهْلٍ وَلَامَالٍ ↓ العِفْرِيَةَ (AO, S) [Verily God hates] the crafty or cunning, the wicked or malignant, the abounding in evil; or him who collects much and refuses to give; or him who acts very wrongfully or unjustly or tyrannically; [who will not suffer loss in his family nor in his property.] (TA.) b2: أَسَدٌ عِفْرٌ, and ↓ عِفْرِيَةٌ, and ↓ عِفْرِيتٌ, and ↓ عُفَارِيَةٌ, (K,) and ↓ عِفِرٌّ, (TA,) and ↓ عَفَرْنًى, (K, [respecting which see what follows: in the CK عَفَرْتٰى, which is wrong in two respects:]) A strong, (K,) powerful, great, (TA,) lion: (K, TA:) or العَفَرْنَى the lion; so called because of his strength: (S, O:) and لَبُؤَةٌ عَفَرْنًى, (S, O, TA,) like the masc., (TA. [or it may be in this case with the fem. ى, i. e. without tenween,]) or ↓ عَفَرْنَاةٌ, (K, TA,) a strong lioness: (S, O, K:) or the epithet, of either gender, signifies bold: from عَفَرٌ signifying

“ dust,” or from عَفْرٌ in the sense of اِعْتِفَارٌ, or from the strength and hardiness of the animal: (TA:) and نَاقَةٌ عَفَرْنَاةٌ a strong she-camel; pl. عَفَرْنَيَاتٌ: (S, O:) but you do not say جَمَلٌ عَفَرْنًى; (Az:) the alif [which is in this case written ى] and ن in عَفَرْنًى are to render it quasi-coordinate to سَفَرْجَلٌ [which shows that it is with tenween]. (S.) عَفَرٌ (IDrd, S, A, O, Msb, K) and ↓ عَفْرٌ (IDrd, A, O, K) Dust: (IDrd, S, O, Msb:) [like عَفَارٌ the dust of the earth: (Freytag, from Meyd:)] or the exterior of the dust or earth: (A, K:) and the surface of the earth; (Msb;) as also الأَرْضِ ↓ عَفْرُ: (TA:) pl. أَعْفَارٌ. (K.) You say الأَرْضِ مِثْلُهُ ↓ مَا عَلَى عَفْرِ There is not upon the face of the earth the like of him, or it. (O, TA.) And كَلَامٌ لَا عَفَرَ فِيهِ, (K,) or لَهُ ↓ لَا عَفْرَ, (TS, TA,) [lit., Language in which is no dust; or which has no dust; like the saying كَلَامٌ لَا غُبَارَ عَلَيْهِ “ language on which is no dust; ” meaning] (assumed tropical:) language in which is nothing difficult to be understood. (K.) And IAar mentions, but without explaining it, the saying, وَالدَّبَارْ وَسُوْءُ ↓ عَلَيْهِ العَفَارْ الدَّارْ [app. meaning, May the dust, and perdition, and evil of the dwelling, be his lot. See دَبَرَ]. (O, TA.) عَفِرٌ [part. n. of عَفِرَ]. أَرْضٌ عَفِرَةٌ Land of the colour termed عُفْرَةٌ [q. v.]. (O and TA in art. عثر.) A2: See also عِفْرٌ.

عِفِرٌّ, and the fem., with ة: see عِفْرٌ, in four places.

عُفْرَةٌ A dust-colour inclining to whiteness; a whitish dust-colour: (TA:) or whiteness that is not clear: (Mgh, Msb:) or whiteness that is not very clear, (Az, As,) like the colour of the surface of the earth: (Az, As, Mgh:) or whiteness with a tinge of redness over it: (A:) the colour of an antelope such as is termed أَعْفَرُ. (K.) b2: See also عِفْرِيَةٌ, in three places.

عَفْرَى, or عَفْرًى: see عِفْرِيَةٌ.

عِفْرِىٌّ: see عِفْرٌ, first quarter.

عِفْرَاةٌ: see عِفْرِيَةٌ.

عِفْرَاتٌ: see عِفْرٌ, first quarter: A2: and see the next paragraph, in three places.

عِفْرِيَةٌ: see عِفْرٌ, in six places.

A2: The hair, and the feathers, of the back of the neck, of the lion, and of the cock, &c., which it turns back towards the top of its head when exasperated; as also ↓ عُفْرَةٌ (S, O) and ↓ عِفْرَاتٌ, (S,) or ↓ عِفْرَاةٌ: (O, TA:) and ↓ عُفْرَةٌ, the feathers around the neck of a cock and of a bustard (حُبَارَى) &c.: (S in art. برل:) or عِفْرِيَةٌ and ↓ عَفْرَى, or عَفْرًى, [whether without or with tenween is not shown, but I think it is more probably without,] of a cock, the feathers of the neck; (K;) as also ↓ عُفْرَةٌ: (TA:) and of man, the hair of the back of the neck: (K:) or the hair of the part over the forehead: (TA:) and of a beast, the hair of the fore-lock: (K:) or the hair of the back of the neck: (TA:) and [of a man,] the hairs that grow in the middle of the head, (K,) that stand up on an occasion of fright; (TA;) as also ↓ عِفْرَاتٌ and ↓ عُفَرْنِيَةٌ. (K.) You say جَآءَ فُلَانٌ نَافِشًا عِفْرِيَتَهُ, meaning Such a one came in a state of anger. (S, O.) And جَآءنَاشِرًا عِفْرِيَتَهُ, and ↓ عِفْرَاتَهُ, He came spreading his hair, by reason of covetousness, and inordinate desire. (ISd, TA.) عِفْرِيتٌ; and عَفْرِيتٌ: and the fem., عِفْرِيتَةٌ: see عِفْرٌ, in ten places.

عِفْرِينٌ: see عِفْرٌ, in two places.

عِفِرِّينٌ: see عِفْرٌ, in two places.

A2: لَيْثُ عِفِرِّينَ The lion. (AA, K.) So in the prov., إِنَّهُ لَأَشْجَعُ مِنْ لَيْثِ عِفِرِّينَ [Verily he is more courageous than the lion]. (AA, TA.) عِفِرِّينُ is the name of a certain place in which are lions, or abounding with lions: (S, O, K:) or the name of a certain country or town. (As, AA, S, M.) A3: A certain insert, whose retreat is the soft dust at the bases of walls; (O, K:) that rolls a ball, and then hides itself within it; and when it is roused, throws up dust: (O, TA:) the word [عفرّين] is of one of those forms not found by Sb: (TA:) or a certain creeping animal (دَابَّة), like the chameleon, that opposes itself to the rider [upon a camel or horse], and that strikes with its tail. (O, K.) [See also طُحَنٌ: and see Ham p. 131.]

b2: Also (tropical:) A complete man; [i. e., complete with respect to bodily vigour, having attained the usual term thereof;] (O, K, TA;) fifty years old. (O, TA.) b3: And (tropical:) Resolute, or firm-minded; strong, or powerful. (S, O, K, TA.) عَفَرْنًى and عَفَرْنَاةٌ: see عِفْرٌ, in three places. b2: The latter also signifies The [kind of goblin, or demon, called] غُولٌ. (O, K.) عُفَرْنِيَةٌ: see عِفْرٌ; first quarter.

A2: and see عِفْرِيَةٌ.

عَفَارٌ: see عَفَرٌ.

A2: Also A certain kind of tree, (S, O, K,) by means of which fire is produced; (S, O;) زِنَاد [or pieces of wood, or stick, used for that purpose,] being made of its branches: (K, * TA:) accord. to information given to AHn by certain of the desert-Arabs of the Saráh (السَّرَاة), it resembles the kind of tree called the غُبَيْرَآء, by reason of its smallness, so that when one sees it from afar he doubts not its being the latter kind of tree; its blossom, also, is like that of the latter tree; and it is a kind of tree that emits much fire, so that the زناد made of it are excellent: (TA:) pl. of عَفَارَةٌ; (K;) or, more properly, [a coll. gen. n., and] its n. un. is with ة: (O, TA:) it and the مَرْخ contain fire that is not in any other kind of tree: Az says, I have seen them both in the desert, and the Arabs make them the subject of a prov., relating to high nobility: (TA:) they say فِى كُلِّ شَجَرٍ نَارْ وَاسْتَمْجَدَ المَرْخُ وَالعَفَارْ (S, O, TA) In all trees is fire; but the markh and 'afár yield much fire, more than all other trees. (O, * TA.) [See also مَرْخٌ, and استمجد.] It is also said, in another prov., اِقْدَحْ بِعَفَارٍ أَوْ مَرْخِ ثُمَّ اشْدُدْ إِنْ شِئْتَ أَوْ أَرْخِ [Produce thou fire with markh or with 'afár: then tighten, if thou please, or loosen]. (TA.) A3: See also عَافُور.

عَفَارَةٌ The quality, or disposition, of him who is termed عِفْرٌ and عِفْرِيَةٌ and عِفْرِيتٌ &c.; i. e., wickedness, or malignity, &c. (K, * TA.) عُفَارِيَةٌ: see عِفْرٌ, in three places.

عَافِرٌ and ↓ مُنْعَفِرٌ and ↓ مَعْفُورٌ and ↓ مُعَفَّرٌ Defiled with dust: hence, العَافِرُ الوَجْهِ He whose face is defiled with dust: and الوَجْهِ فِى التُّرَابِ ↓ هُوَ مُنْعَفِرُ, and ↓ مُعَفَّرُهُ, He has the face defiled in the dust. (TA.) وَقَعُوا فِى عَافُورِ شَرٍّ, (S, K,) and شَرٍّ ↓ فِى عَفَارِ, (TA,) i. q. فِى عَاثُورِ شَرٍّ, (Fr, S, K,) i. e., They fell into difficulty, or distress. (S.) Some say that the ف is substituted for ث. (TA.) [But see عاثور.]

أَعْفَرُ Dust-coloured inclining to white; of a whitish dust-colour: (TA:) or white, but not of a clear hue: (Msb:) or, applied to a buckantelope, white, but not of a very clear white, (Az, As, S, O, K,) being like the colour of the surface of the earth: (Az, As, Mgh:) or a buck-antelope having a tinge of red over his whiteness, (AA, S, A, K,) with a short neck; and such is the weakest of antelopes in running: (AA, S, O:) or having a redness in his back, with white flanks: (K:) [in the CK, after the words thus rendered, is an omission, of the words أَوِ الأَبْيَضُ وَ:] or such as inhabits elevated, rugged, stony tracts, and hard grounds; and such is red: (Az:) or having white horns: (A:) fem. عَفْرَآءُ: (S, K, &c.:) also applied to a she-goat, meaning of a clear white colour: (TA:) pl. عُفْرٌ. (S, A, O.) b2: El-Kumeyt says, وَكُنَّا إِذَا جَبَّارُ قَوْمٍ أَرَادَنَا بِكَيْدٍ حَمَلْنَاهُ عَلَى قَرْنِ أَعْفَرَا [And we used, when an insolent tyrant of a people desired to execute against us a plot, to carry him upon the horn of an antelope of a whitish dustcolour, or white but not of a clear hue, &c.]; meaning, we used to slay him, and to carry his head upon the spear-head; for the spear-heads, in time past, were of horns. (S, O.) b3: Hence the saying رَمَانِى عَنْ قَرْنِ أَعْفَرَ i. q. رمانى بِدَاهِيَةٍ (tropical:) [He sent upon me a calamity; or he made a very crafty man to be my assailant]: for the same reason, also, قَرْنُ أَعْفَرَ is proverbially used to signify (tropical:) A difficulty, or distress, that befalls one: and one says to a man who has passed the night in disquieting distress, كُنْتَ عَلَى قَرْنِ أَعْفَرَ (tropical:) [Thou wast pierced by grief]. (TA.) One says also, of him who is frightened and disquieted, كَأَنَّهُ عَلَى قَرْنِ أَعْفَرَ [He is as though he were upon the horn of an antelope of a whitish dustcolour, &c.: meaning, upon the head of a spear]: the like of this phrase is used by Imra-el-Keys. (A.) b4: Also عَفْرَآءُ, A ewe of a colour inclining to whiteness. (O.) b5: And أَعْفَرُ, Red sand. (S, O.) b6: [Food of the kind called] ثَرِيد made white: (K, TA:) from عُفْرَةٌ signifying the “ colour of the earth. ” (TA.) b7: عَفْرَآءُ White. (K.) b8: أَرْضٌ عَفْرَآءُ Untrodden land. (K, TA.) b9: العَفْرَآءُ The thirteenth night [of the lunar month]: (S, O:) or the night of blackness: (A:) but accord. to IAar, اللَّيَالِى العُفْرُ signifies the white nights; (A;) and so says Th, without particularizing: (TA:) or the nights thus called are the seventh and eighth and ninth nights of the lunar month; (K;) because of the whiteness of the moon [therein]. (TA.) It is said in a trad. لَيْسَ عُفْرُ اللَّيَالِى

كَالدَّآدِئِ The moon-lit nights are not like the black nights: some say that this is a proverb. (TA.) مُعَفَّرٌ: see عَافِرٌ, in two places.

مُعَفِّرٌ One whose sheep or goats are of the colour termed عُفْرَةٌ: there is no tribe among the Arabs to whom this appellation applies, except Hudheyl. (A, TA.) [Accord. to analogy, this should rather be written مُعْفِرٌ; and perhaps it is thus in correct copies of the A.]

مَعْفُورٌ: see عَافِرٌ. b2: أَرْضٌ مَعْفُورَةٌ Land of which the herbage has been eaten. (S, O.) مَعَافِرُ: see مَعَافِرِىٌّ, in three places.

مُعَافِرٌ (tropical:) One who walks with companies of travellers, (S, O, K, TA,) and so, accord. to the L, ↓ مُعَافِرِىٌّ, (TA,) and obtains of their superabundance [of provisions]. (S, O, TA.) ثَوْبٌ مَعَافِرِىٌّ, (S, Mgh, O, Msb,) pl. ثِيَابٌ مَعَافِرِيَّةٌ, (S, O, K,) and بُرْدٌ مَعَافِرِىٌّ, (Az,) and hence, simply, ↓ مَعَافِرُ, (Az, Mgh,) as a subst., (Az,) without the relative ى, (Az, Mgh,) accord. to As, (Mgh,) A kind of garment, or piece of cloth, (S, Mgh, O, Msb,) and a garment of the kind called بُرْد, (Az,) so called in relation to ↓ مَعَافِرُ, (S, O, K, &c.,) a word imperf. decl., (S, O, K,) because of its being of the form of an imperf. decl. pl., (S, O,) as the name of a tribe of Hemdán; (S, O;) or as being the name of a son of Murr, (Sb, Mgh, Msb,) brother of Temeem the son of Murr, (Sb, Mgh,) and father of the tribe above mentioned, (Msb, K,) which was a tribe of El-Yemen; (Msb;) or as being the name of a place, (IDrd, O,) or a town, or district, (K, TA,) of El-Yemen, (IDrd, O, TA,) in which Ma'áfir Ibn-Udd took up his abode, accord. to Z: (TA;) معافرىّ is perfectly decl. because the relative ى is added to it: (S:) and it is thus formed because مَعَافِرُ is sing. in its application; whereas, in a rel. n. from a pl. used as a pl., the formation is from the sing., as in the instance of مَسْجِدِىٌّ as a rel. n. from مَسَاجِدُ: (TA:) ↓ معافر should not be pronounced with damm to the م: (Msb, K:) and it is wrong to call the kind of garment above mentioned مُعَافِرِىٌّ, with damm, and مَعَافِرِىُّ, without tenween, and مَعَافِيرُ. (Mgh.) مُعَافِرِىٌّ: see مُعَافِرٌ.

مُنْعَفِرٌ: see عَافِرٌ, in two places.

يَعْفُورٌ The dust-coloured gazelle: (K:) or the gazelle, as a general term: (K, * TA:) as also يُعْفُورٌ: (K:) and the [young gazelle such as is called] خِشْف: (S, O, K:) or the buck-gazelle: (S, Mgh, O:) and (S, IAth, O, in the Mgh “ or ”) the young one of the wild cow: (S, IAth, Mgh, O:) n. un. with ة: (TA:) pl. يَعَافِيرُ. (S, O.) b2: Also A light, or an active, ass. (IAar.) b3: And it is said to mean (assumed tropical:) The form of a man, seen from a distance, resembling a يَعْفُور [in one of the senses expl. above]. (L, TA.) A2: And One of the divisions of the night, (K, TA,) which are five, called سُدْفَةٌ and سُتْفَةٌ and هَجْمَةٌ and يَعْفُورٌ and خُدْرَةٌ. (TA.)

عقر

1 عَقَرَهُ, (S, Mgh, O, &c.,) aor. ـِ (Mgh, O, Msb, K,) inf. n. عَقْرٌ, (S, * Mgh, O, Msb, K,) He wounded him; (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K;) [and so, app., accord. to the K, ↓ عقّرهُ, inf. n. تَعْقِيرٌ; or the latter signifies he wounded him much; for it is said that] تَعْقِيرٌ signifies more than عَقْرٌ: (S, O:) you say of a lion, and of a lynx, and of a leopard, and of a wolf, يَعْقِرُ النَّاسَ [He wounds men]. (Az, Msb.) b2: And عَقَرَهُ, (S, O, Msb, K, &c.,) and عَقَرَهَا, (L, Mgh, &c.,) aor. ـِ (K,) inf. n. عَقْرٌ; (Mgh, &c.;) and ↓ عقّرهُ, (K,) and عقّرها, (L,) inf. n. تَعْقِيرٌ; (TA;) [or the latter has an intensive signification, or applies to many objects; see above;] He hocked, houghed, or hamstrung, (عَرْقَبَ,) him, or her, namely, a beast; (TA;) he laid bare his [or her] (namely, a camel's) عُرْقُوب [or hock-tendon]; such being the meaning of عقر with the Arabs; (Az, TA;) he struck, (S, IAth, Mgh, Msb,) or cut, (TA,) his, (a camel's, S, IAth, O, Msb, or a horse's, S, O, or a sheep's or goat's, IAth,) or her, (a camel's, L, Mgh,) legs, بِالسَّيْفِ with the sword, (S, IAth, Mgh, O, Msb, TA,) while the beast was standing; (IAth;) he cut one of his, or her, (a camel's,) legs, previously to stabbing the animal, that it might not run away when being stabbed, but might fall down, and so be within his power; he moved [his or] her (a camel's) legs with the sword; (IKtt, TA;) he made a mark, or wound, like a notch, in his, or her, (a horse's, or a camel's,) legs. (K.) [See عَقْرٌ, below.] b3: Hence (Az, TA,) عَقَرَهُ, aor. and inf. n. as above, He stabbed him, namely, a camel; slaughtered him by stabbing: (Az, Msb, TA:) because the slaughterer of the camel first lays bare its عَرْقُوب [or hocktendon; or hocks it; or strikes or cuts its legs, or one of its legs, with a sword: see above]. (Az, TA.) So in the saying of Imra-el-Keys, وَيَوْمَ عَقَرْتُ لِلْعَذَارَى مَطِيَّتِى

[And the day when I slaughtered for the virgins my riding-camel]. (TA.) And so in the trad. لَا عَقْرَ فِى الإِسْلَامِ [There shall be no slaughtering of camels at the grave in the time of El-Islám]: for they used to slaughter camels at the graves of the dead, saying, The occupant of the grave used to slaughter camels for guests in the days of his life; so we recompense him by doing the like after his death. (IAth, TA.) b4: Hence also, He slew him; he destroyed him: of this signification we have an ex. in the story of Umm-Zara: وَعَقْرَ جَارَتِهَا And [a cause of] the destruction of her fellow-wife through [the latter's] envy [of her] and rage [against her]. (TA.) b5: حَلْقَى ↓ عَقْرَى, (Mgh, O, Msb, K, &c.,) said of a woman, (TA,) occurring in a trad. of Safeeyeh, (Mgh, Msb, TA,) in which Mohammad is related to have used this expression, on the day of the return of the pilgrims from Minè, when he was told that she had her menstrual flux, to which he added, “I see her not to be aught but a hinderer of us; ” thus accord. to the relaters of traditions, each word being an inf. n., like دَعْوَى; (O, * TA;) of the measure فَعْلَى; or, as some say, the ى is to mark a pause; (Mgh;) and عَقْرًا حَلْقًا, (O, K,) which are also inf. ns.; (TA;) and this is accord. to the usage of the Arabs; (Az, TA;) being a form of imprecation, though not meant to express a desire for its having effect, (Az, Msb, TA,) for what is meant by it is only blame; (Msb;) expl. by وَعَقَرَهَا اللّٰهُ تَعَالَى وَحَلَقَهَا, (K,) i. e., [May God (exalted be He) wound her, &c., and] shave her hair, or afflict her with a pain in her throat: (TA:) or may her body be wounded (عُقِرَ), and may she be afflicted with a disease in her throat: (Mgh, O: *) so accord. to A'Obeyd: or may her leg and her throat be cut: or may her leg be cut and her head shaven: (Mgh:) [or may she be destroyed, and may her throat be cut:] or the two words عقرى and حلقى are epithets, applied to a woman of ill luck; and the meaning is, (Z, O, TA,) she is one who extirpates [or destroys, and cuts the throats of,] her people, by the effect of her ill luck upon them; (Z, O, K, * TA;) being virtually in the nom. case, as enunciatives; i. e., وَحَلْقَى ↓ هِىَ عَقْرَى. (Z, TA.) Lh mentions the phrase, ↓ لَا تَفْعَلْ ذٰلِكَ أُمُّكَ عَقْرَى [app. meaning, Do thou not that: may thy mother be childless: (see عَقُرَت:)] without explaining it: but he mentions it with the phrases أُمُّكَ ثَاكِلٌ and أُمُّكَ هَابِلٌ. (TA.) Or ↓ عَقْرَى signifies Having the menstrual flux. (K.) One says also, imprecating a curse upon a man, جَدْعًا لَهُ وَعَقْرًا وَحَلْقًا, meaning, May God [maim him, and] wound (عَقَرَ) his body, and afflict him with a pain in his throat: and sometimes, حَلْقَى ↓ عَقْرَى, without tenween. (S.) [See also 1 in art. حلق.] b6: عَقَرَبِهِ He killed the beast which he was riding, and made him to go on foot: he hocked, houghed, or hamstrung, his beast. (TA.) b7: Hence, عَقَرْتَ بِى Thou hast long detained me, or restrained me; as though thou hadst hocked (عَقَرْتَ) my camel and I were therefore unable to journey: ISk cites as an ex.

قَدْ عَقَرَتْ بِالْقَوْمِ أُمُّ خَزْرَجِ [Umm-Khazraj has long detained the party, or people]. (S, O, TA.) And in the A it is said that عَقَرَتْ فُلَانَةُ بِالرَّكْبِ means Such a woman, or girl, came forth to the riders on camels, and they staid long in her presence; as though she hocked (عَقَرَت) the camels upon which they rode. (TA.) One says also قَدْ كَانَتْ لِى حَاجَةٌ فَعَقَرَنِى

عَنْهَا I had a want, and he withheld me from it, and hindered me. (Ibn-Buzurj, L.) Hence, عَقْرُ النَّوَى, (Az, TA,) meaning صَرْفُهَا حَالًا بَعْدَ حَالٍ

[i. e. The shifting about of the course of a journey by successive changes: see صَرْفٌ, third sentence]. (O, TA.) b8: And عَقَرَ بِالصَّيْدِ i. q. وَقَعَ بِهِ [app. meaning He made much slaughter among the objects of the chase]. (O, K.) b9: And عَقَرَتْ بِهِمْ She (a woman) smote their souls, and wounded their hearts. (O.) b10: عَقَرَ النَّخْلَةَ, (inf. n. عَقْرٌ, TA, and subst. [or quasi-inf. n., like جَدَادٌ and صَرَامٌ and قَطَافٌ &c.,] ↓ عَقَارٌ, T, S, O, TA,) He cut off the head of the palm-tree, (T, S, O, K,) altogether, with the heart (الجُمَّار), (T, S, O,) so that it dried up, (K,) and nothing came forth from its trunk. (IKtt.) b11: لَا تَعْقِرَنَّ شَجَرًا Thou shalt by no means cut down trees. (Mgh.) b12: عَقَرَ المَرْعَى He cut down the trees of the pasture-land: he cut down the herbage, or pasture, and spoiled it. (TA.) b13: عَقَرَ الكَلَأَ He ate the herbage, or pasture. (O, K.) And He had the herbage for pasturage. (O.) b14: You say of wine, يَعْقِرُ العَقْلَ [It disables the intellect; like as a man disables a beast by hocking him]. (IAar.) b15: عَقَرَهُ, (S, O, TA,) aor. ـِ (TA,) inf. n. عَقْرٌ, (S, O, TA,) He (a man) galled his (a camel's) back: (TA:) he galled it; namely, a camel's back: (S, O:) it (a camel's saddle, TA, and a horse's saddle, S, O, TA) galled his (the beast's) back. (S, O, TA.) b16: And عُقِرَتْ رَكِيَّتُهُمْ Their well was demolished. (O.) A2: عَقِرَ, (S, K,) aor. ـَ (K,) inf. n. عَقَرٌ, (S, O,) His (a man's) legs betrayed him, so that he was unable to fight, by reason of fright and stupefaction: (S, O:) he became stupified, or deprived of his reason: (S, K:) or he was taken by sudden fright, (K, TA,) and stupified, or deprived of his reason, (TA,) so that he could not advance nor retire. (K, TA.) عَقِرْتُ حَتَّى خَرَرْتُ إِلَى الأَرْضِ [My legs betrayed me, &c., so that I fell to the earth] was said by 'Omar. (S.) And one says, عَقِرْتُ حَتَّى مَا أَقْدِرُ عَلَى الكَلَامِ [I am stupified, or taken by sudden fright, &c., so that I am not able to talk]. (M, TA.) [And عَقِرَ alone means He became unable to speak. In one place in the L, this verb is written عُقِرَ; but this is probably a mistake.]

A3: عَقُرَتْ, aor. ـُ (S, IJ, M, IKtt, L, Msb;) in the K, عُقِرَتْ, of the class of عُنِىَ; but the authorities indicated above show that عَقُرَتْ is the correct form; (TA;) and عَقَرَتْ, aor. ـِ (M, IKtt, L, Msb, K;) and عَقِرَتْ, aor. ـَ (M, IKtt, L;) inf. n. عُقْرٌ, (S, M, IKtt, L, Msb, K,) of the first, (S, Msb, like as حُسْنٌ is inf. n. of حَسُنَتْ, (S,) or of the second, (M, L, K,) and عَقَارَةٌ (M, L, K) and عُقَارَةٌ, (K,) or عِقَارَةٌ, (M and L, as in the TA,) which are of the first, (M, L, K,) and عَقْرٌ, (M, IKtt, L, Msb, K,) which is of the second, (M, L, Msb, K,) and عَقَارٌ, or عُقَارٌ, (accord. to different copies of the K,) or عِقَارٌ, (M and L, as in the TA,) also of the second, (K,) or of the third; (M, L;) She (a woman [and a camel &c.]) was, or became, barren: (K, TA:) or did not conceive: (S:) or ceased to conceive. (IKtt, Msb.) b2: عَقَرَ, aor. ـِ and عَقِرَ, aor. ـَ He (a man [and a beast]) was barren; did not generate. (TA.) b3: عَقُرَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. عُقْرٌ, (assumed tropical:) It (an affair) did not produce any issue, or result. (K.) A4: عَقَرَهَا He (God) made her [to be barren, or] to cease to conceive. (Msb.) 2 عقّرهُ: see 1, first and second sentences. b2: جَدَّعْتُهُ وَعَقَّرْتُهُ I said to him جَدْعًا لَكَ وَعَقْرًا. (Sb.) [See 1.]3 عاقرهُ He contended with him for superior glory (K, TA) and generosity and excellence (TA) in the hocking, or slaughtering, (عَقْر [see 1],) of camels. (K, TA.) It was customary for two men thus to contend for superior munificence, [giving away the flesh of the victims,] but they did so for the sake of display and vain glory; wherefore the eating of the flesh of camels slaughtered on an occasion of this kind is forbidden in a trad., and they are likened to animals sacrificed to that which is not God. (TA.) b2: And عاقرهُ, (TK,) inf. n. مُعَاقَرَةٌ, (S, K,) He held a dialogue or colloquy, or a disputation or debate, with him, (S, K,) and encountered him with mutual reviling and satire (S, TA) and cursing. (TA.) A2: Also عاقرهُ, (K,) inf. n. مُعَاقَرَةٌ, (S, O, K,) He, or it, kept, confined himself or itself, clave, clung, or held fast, to him, or it: (S, O, K: *) he kept, or applied himself, constantly, or perseveringly, to him, or it. (TA.) You say عاقر الخَمْرَ, (S, * TA,) and simply عاقر, (TA,) He kept, or applied himself, constantly, or perseveringly, to the drinking of wine: (S, TA:) or مُعَاقَرَةُ الشَّرَابِ signifies the contending with wine for superiority; as when a man says, I have more, or most, strength for drinking, and so contending with it for superiority, and being overcome thereby. (Aboo-Sa'eed, TA.) You say also, عَاقَرَتِ الخَمْرُ الدَّنَّ The wine remained long confined to the [jar called] دَنّ; syn. لَازَمَتْهُ. (S, K.) And عاقرت الخَمْرُ العَقْلَ [app., The wine took hold upon the intellect: or contended with it for superiority]. (S.) 4 اعقرهُ He stupified him [so that his legs betrayed him and he was unable to fight or to advance or retire: see عَقِرَ]. (S, O.) A2: اعقر اللّٰهُ رَحِمَهَا God rendered her womb barren; (O, TA;) God affected her womb mith a disease (K, TA) so that she did not conceive. (TA.) A3: اعقر فُلَانًا He assigned to such a one a grant of land; syn. أَطْعَمَهُ عُقْرَةً i. e. طُعْمَةً. (K.) b2: and one says, أَعْقَرْتُكَ كَلَأَ مَوْضِعِ كَذَا I have given thee permission to pasture thy beasts upon the herbage of such a place. (O.) A4: And اعقر He became possessed of much property such as is termed عَقَار. (S, IKtt, O.) 6 تَعَاقَرَا, (K,) or تعاقرا إِبِلَهُمَا, (S, O,) They two hocked, or hamstrung, their camels, (عَرْقَبَا

إِبِلَهُمَا, S, O, or عَقَرَاهَا, K,) vying, each with the other, therein, (S, O,) that it might be seen which of them should do so most. (K.) [See 3.]7 انعقر He (a camel, and a horse, [&c.,]) [became hocked, houghed, or hamstrung; had his hock-tendon laid bare;] had his legs struck [or cut] with a sword. (S.) [See 1.] b2: It (a camel's or a horse's back) became galled by the saddle; as also ↓ اعتقر. (S, K.) 8 إِعْتَقَرَ see what next precedes.

عَقْرٌ The act of wounding; &c.: [see 1:] a mark, or wound, (أَثَرٌ,) like a notch, (كالحَزِّ, K, TA, [in the CK, كالخَرِّ,]) in the legs of a horse, and of a camel. (K.) [Hence, عَقْرًا حَلْقًا, and عَقْرَى حَلْقَى: see 1.]

A2: See also عُقْرٌ, first sentence: A3: and again in the last quarter.

A4: Also What is, or constitutes, the most essential part, of anything; or the prime, or the principal part, thereof; syn. أَصْلٌ: [such appears to me to be the meaning of اصل as here used, from what follows.] (S, IF, Msb.) b2: The principal part (أَصْل) of a دَار [i. e., a country]; (As, S, Msb, K;) which is the place where the people dwell, or abide; (As, S;) as also ↓ عُقْرٌ: (As, S, Msb, K:) the former of the dial. of Nejd; (As, TA;) and the latter of the dial. of the people of El-Medeeneh, (As, S,) or of the dial. of El-Hijáz; (TA;) or both of the dial. of the people of El-Hijáz; and the latter, in the dial. of others, signifies the chief, or main, part of a دار; (Msb;) and the latter also signifies the middle [or heart] of a دار: (K:) or عَقْرُ الدَّارِ and ↓ عُقْرُهَا both signify the principal part (اصل) of the place of abode of a people, upon which they rest their confidence. (Mgh, O.) This last signification is exemplified by the trad. of 'Alee, مَا غُزِىَ قَوْمٌ فِى عَقْرِ دَارِهِمْ إِلَّا ذَلُّوا [No people have had war waged against them in the principal part of their country, upon which they rest their confidence, but they have become abased, or brought into subjection]: (Mgh, O:) or the meaning here is, in the midst [or heart] of their country, &c.; i. e., in the place where they abide, or lodge. (L.) It is said in another trad., عَقْرُ دَارِ الْإِسْلَامِ الشَّأْمُ, meaning, The principal part (اصل), and the place, of the country of El-Islám is Syria: apparently pointing to a time of conflicts and factions, or seditions, when Syria should be free from them, and the Muslims should there be more secure. (TA.) Lth has confounded in explaining what is the عُقْر of a دار and what is the عُقْر of a tank or trough for watering beasts &c. (Az.) عُقْرٌ (S, M, &c.) and ↓ عَقْرٌ, (M,) or ↓ عَقْرَةٌ and ↓ عُقْرَةٌ, (A, K,) Barrenness, in a woman, (S, K, &c.,) and in a man. (S, TA.) You say also لَقِحَتِ النَّاقَةُ عَنْ عُقْرٍ [The she-camel conceived after having been barren]. (S, O.) And لَقِحَ لِقَاؤُكَ عَنْ عُقْرٍ [app., (assumed tropical:) The meeting thee hath been productive of good after barrenness thereof]. (A, TA.) And لَقِحْنَ إِلَى عُقْرٍ, a phrase used by Dhu-r-Rummeh, referring to wars; i. e. (assumed tropical:) They returned to stillness. (TA.) And رَجَعَتِ الحَرْبُ

إِلَى عُقْرٍ (assumed tropical:) The war became languid. (A, TA.) b2: عُقْرٌ in a palm-tree means [Barrenness, or a drying up, and perishing, occasioned by] having the [fibrous substance called] لِيف stripped off (O, K, TA) from the heart, (O, TA,) and the heart itself taken away; (O, K, TA;) which being done, it dries up and perishes. (Az, O, TA.) A2: Also, or ↓ عُقُرٌ, or the latter is used only by poetic license, Anything which a man drinks, and in consequence thereof has no offspring born to him. (O, TA.) A3: Also, عُقْرٌ, A kind of dowry, (S,) or compensation, (IAth,) which is given to a woman when connection has been had with her in consequence of dubiousness, or a likeness [on her part to the man's wife]: (إِذَا وُطِئَتْ عَنْ شُبْهَةٍ, S; or بِشُبْهَةٍ, Mgh; or عَلَى وَطْءِ الشُّبْهَةِ, IAth:) or a recompense which is given to a woman for connection with her: (AO:) or a mulct, or fine, which is paid to a woman for ravishing her: (Lth, Msb, K:) or what is given to a female slave who has been ravished, like a dowry in the like case to a free woman: (Ahmad Ibn-Hambal:) so called because devirgination wounds the object of it: pl. أَعْقَارٌ. (IAth, TA.) b2: Hence, in consequence of frequency of usage, (Msb,) A woman's dowry; (Msb, K;) i. q. بُضْعُهَا. (O.) b3: Also The exploration of a woman to see if she be a virgin or not: (Kh, O, K, TA:) but Az says that this is unknown. (TA.) [Perhaps it is a meaning inferred from what here follows.] b4: بَيْضَةُ العُقْرِ is That [egg] with which a woman is tested on the occasion of devirgination: (K: [but what is meant by this, I have not been able to learn:]) or the first egg of the hen; (K, TA;) because it wounds her: (TA:) or the last egg of the hen; (O, K, TA;) when she is old and weak: (TA:) or the egg of the cock, which [they say] he lays once in the year, (O, K,) [or once in his life, for] they assert that it is the egg of the cock, because he lays, in his life, one egg, somewhat inclining to length; so called because the virginity of the girl, or young woman, is tested with it: hence, they say of a thing given one time [only], كَانَتْ بَيْضَةَ العُقْرِ: or, as some say, it is like the phrases بَيْضُ الأَنُوقِ and الأَبْلَقُ العَقُوقُ; so that it is a phrase proverbially used as applied to a thing that never is: (S, O:) accord. to A'Obeyd, when a niggard gives once, and not again, one says [of the gift], كَانَتْ بَيْضَةَ الدِّيكِ; and when he gives a thing, and then stops doing so, one says of the last time [of his giving], كَانَتْ بَيْضَةَ العُقْرِ. (TA.) One says also, كَانَ ذٰلِكَ بَيْضَةَ العُقْرِ meaning * That happened once, not a second time. (TA.) and بَيْضَةُ العُقْرِ means also (tropical:) He who has no offspring. (K, TA. [See also عَاقِرٌ.]) And (assumed tropical:) He who stands another in no stead. (TA.) A4: Also A grant of land; syn. طُعْمَةٌ; (O, K;) and so ↓ عُقْرَةٌ. (K. [See 4.]) b2: And A place where people alight (مَحَلَّةُ قَوْمٍ, K, TA) between the house, or abode, and the trough, or tank, for watering beasts &c.; (TA;) as also ↓ عَقْرٌ: (K, TA:) or (TA, but in the K “ and ”) the hinder part of a trough, or tank, for watering beasts &c., (S, K, TA,) where the camels stand when they come to water; as also ↓ عُقُرٌ: (S:) or the station of the drinker; (K;) as in all the copies of the K; but accord. to the T and Nh, the station of the animals drinking: (TA:) or the place where the bucket is emptied, at the hinder part of the trough, or tank; the place at the fore part being called its إِزَآء: (IAar:) pl. أَعْقَارٌ. (S, O.) It is said in a prov., إِنَّمَا يُهْدَمُ الحَوْضُ مِنْ عُقْرِهِ [lit., The trough, or tank, for watering beasts &c. is demolished only by commencing from its hinder part]; meaning, an affair is performed only by setting about it in the proper way. (TA.) b3: Also The part of a well where the fore feet of the animals watering stand when they drink. (TA.) b4: See also عَقْرٌ, in two places.

عَقِرٌ: fem. عَقِرَةٌ: see the latter voce عَقِيرٌ: A2: and see عَاقِرٌ.

A3: نَاقَةٌ عَقِرَةٌ, accord. to the K, A she-camel that will not drink save from fear: but accord. to IAar [and the S and O], that will not drink save from the عُقْر of the trough, or tank; and أَزِيَةٌ signifies one “ that will not drink save from its إِزَآء,” i. e. “ from its fore part. ” (TA.) عُقَرٌ: see مِعْقَرٌ, in two places.

عُقُرٌ: see عُقْرٌ, in two places.

عَقْرَةٌ: see عُقْر, first sentence.

عُقْرَةٌ: see عُقْرٌ, first sentence: A2: and again in the last quarter.

عُقَرَةٌ: see مِعْقَرٌ, in two places; and عَقُورٌ.

A2: Also A kind of bead (خَرَزَةٌ, S, O, K) which a woman binds upon her flanks, in order that she may not conceive; (T, S, O;) or which a woman bears, or carries, in order that she may not bear offspring: (K:) accord. to IAar, a kind of bead which is hung upon her who is barren, in order that she may bear offspring; but this is strange. (TA.) Hence the saying, عُقَرَةُ العِلْمِ النِّسْيَانُ [That which renders knowledge barren is forgetfulness]. (S, O.) A3: See also عَاقِرٌ, in two places.

عَقْرَى: see 1, in five places.

عُقْرَى: see the paragraph here following.

عَقَارٌ: see عَقَرَ النَّخْلَةَ.

A2: Also Real, or immovable, property, (كُلُّ مَالٍ لَهُ أَصْلٌ, Mgh, or مِلْكٌ ثَابِتٌ لَهُ أَصْلٌ, Msb, or مَا لَهُ أَصْلٌ وَقَرَارٌ, KT,) [an estate] consisting of a house or land yielding a revenue; (Mgh;) or such as land and a house; (KT;) or such as a house and palm-trees: (Msb:) or simply, land yielding a revenue; syn. ضَيْعَةٌ; (Mgh, K:) as also ↓ عُقْرَى: (Sgh, K:) or land; or lands yielding revenues (syn. ضِيَاعٌ); and palmtrees; (S, O, TA;) and the like: (TA:) and palm-trees (L, K) in particular: (L:) pl. عَقَائِرُ. (Msb.) You say مَا لَهُ دَارٌ وَلَا عَقَارٌ He has not a house nor land, or lands yielding revenues, or palm-trees. (S, O.) b2: Also (sometimes, Msb) Household goods, or furniture and utensils, (S, O, Msb, * K, TA,) which are not used except on the occasions of festivals, (K, TA,) and necessary affairs of great importance, (TA,) and the like: (K, TA:) thus, with fet-h, accord. to Az and IAar; (TA;) and sometimes with damm [↓ عُقَارٌ], (K,) thus accord. to As; (O, TA;) but in saying so, he differs from the generality of authorities: (TA:) or the best of furniture and the like, because none but the best is spread on the occasions of festivals: (TA:) and the best of anything. (O, TA.) One says فِى البَيْتِ عَقَارٌ حَسَنٌ In the house, or tent, are goodly furniture and utensils. (S, O.) عُقَارٌ Wine: (S, O, K:) or wine that does not delay to intoxicate: (TA:) so called because of its taking hold upon the intellect, or contending with it for superiority, (لِأَنَّهَا عَاقَرَتِ العَقْلَ,) accord. to Aboo-Nasr; (S;) or because of its remaining long confined to the [jar called] دَنّ, (S, O, K,) accord. to AA; (S, O;) [see 3;] or because the drinker keeps closely to it; (TA;) or because it prevents the drinker from walking; (K;) or because it disables (يَعْقِرُ) the intellect. (IAar.) A2: See also عَقَارٌ.

عَقُورٌ, applied to a dog, (S, O, Msb, K,) and to any animal of prey, as a lion, and a lynx, and a leopard, and a wolf, (Az, IAth, Msb,) and the like, (IAth,) each of these being called كَلْبٌ عَقُورٌ, (Az, IAth, Msb,) because of the same rapacious nature as the dog, (IAth,) meaning, That wounds, (Az, * IAth, O, Msb,) and kills, and seizes its prey and breaks its neck: (IAth:) [or that wounds, &c., much; for] it is an intensive epithet: (TA:) only applied to an animal; (S, K; [in the latter of which, the words thus rendered are preceded by “ or; ” the epithet in what precedes being restricted to a dog, but not explained;]) ↓ عُقَرَةٌ being applied to an inanimate thing: (K:) pl. عُقُرٌ, (Msb, and so in some copies of the K,) or عُقْرٌ. (So in some copies of the K, and in the TA.) عَقِيرٌ i. q. ↓ مَعْقُورٌ; (IF, O, K;) applied to a man, Wounded: (S, O:) pl. عَقْرَى. (S, Mgh, O, K.) b2: Applied to a camel, (S, Mgh, O,) both to a male and to a female, (TA,) and to a horse [or mare, &c.], (S, O,) [Hocked, houghed, or hamstrung;] having the [hock-tendon or] two hock-tendons laid bare, so as to be unable to run; applied to a horse; (TA;) struck [or cut] in the legs with a sword; (S, Mgh, O;) [a camel having one of the legs cut, previously to being stabbed; having a mark, or wound, like a notch, made in his, or her, (a camel's or a horse's) legs: see 1:] pl. as above. (S, Mgh.) [See also عَقِيرَةٌ.] b3: [Hence,] applied to a camel, (male, Msb, and female, L,) Stabbed; slaughtered by stabbing: (L, Msb, TA:) pl. as above. (Msb.) b4: Applied to a palm-tree (نَخْلَةٌ), as also ↓ مَعْقُورَةٌ, (Az, TA,) and, accord. to the copies of the K, ↓ عَقِيرَةٌ, but correctly ↓ عَقِرَةٌ, as in the M, (TA,) Having its head cut off, (Az, K, TA,) altogether, with the heart, (Az, TA,) and having in consequence dried up, (K, TA,) so that nothing comes forth from its trunk. (IKtt, TA.) A2: A man unable to walk, or to fight, by reason of fright and stupefaction; (TA;) taken by sudden fright, so as to be unable to advance or retire: or stupified: (K:) in which last sense it is applied to an antelope. (TA.) A3: See also عَاقِرٌ.

عَقِيرَةٌ signifies مَا عُقِرَ [What is wounded, or hocked, or struck or cut in the legs,] of wild animals that are snared or hunted or chased, and the like; (K;) of the measure فَعِيلَةٌ in the sense of the measure مَفْعُولَةٌ. (TA.) See عَقِيرٌ. b2: A man of high rank who is slain. (S, K.) So in the saying, مَا رَأَيْتُ كَالْيَوْمِ عَقِيرَةً وَسْطَ قَوْمٍ [I have not before seen, as on this day, a man of high rank who is slain in the midst of a people]. (S.) b3: A leg, or shank, cut. (S, O, K.) b4: Hence, The voice, or a cry; (S;) the voice of a singer (K, TA) singing; (TA;) the voice of a weeper (K, TA) weeping; (TA;) the voice of a reciter or reader (K, TA) reciting or reading; (TA;) the utmost extent of the voice or of a cry. (TA.) You say رَفَعَ فُلَانٌ عَقِيرَتَهُ Such a one raised his voice: the origin of the saying was this: a man had one of his legs cut, or cut off, and he raised it, and put it upon the other, and cried out with his loudest voice: so this was afterwards said of any one who raised his voice: (S, O:) or it is expl. thus: a man had one of his limbs wounded, and he had camels which were accustomed to his singing in driving them, and which had become dispersed from him; so he raised his voice, crying, by reason of the wound; and his camels, hearing, and thinking that he was singing to drive them, came together to him: and hence this was afterwards said of any one who raised his voice, singing. (Az, TA.) عُقَيْرَى a dim. n., of the occurrence of which the only instance known to KT is in a trad. cited and expl. voce أَصْحَرَ: said by IAth to be derived from عَقْرٌ in the phrase عَقْرُ الدَّارِ. (TA.) عَقَّارٌ [A simple; a drug;] any of the elements (أُصُول) of medicines; (S, O;) what is used medicinally, of plants and of their roots (أُصُول) and of trees: (K, TA:) [accord. to the CK, what is used medicinally, of plants, or of their roots: and trees: the last word being in the nom. case:] as also ↓ عِقِّيرٌ: (K:) or what is used medicinally, of plants and trees: (L, TA:) or a medicine that is used for moving the bowels: (Az, TA:) or any curative plant; as also its pl., (AHeyth,) which is عَقَاقِيرُ: (AHeyth, S:) nothing thus termed is called فُوهٌ. (AHeyth.) b2: [Hence,] حَدِيدٌ جَيِّدُ العَقَاقِيرِ (assumed tropical:) Iron of excellent manufacture. (O, K.) عِقِّيرٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

عَاقِرٌ; see مِعْقَرٌ.

A2: Also, applied to a woman, Barren: (O, K, TA:) that does not conceive: (S, O:) or that has ceased to conceive: (Msb:) as being from عَقُرَتْ, it is an instance of the confusion of dialects; [being properly from عَقَرَتْ;] or it is a possessive epithet [meaning having the quality of barrenness]: (IJ:) pl. عُقَّرٌ, (K, TA,) which is applied to women and to she-camels, (TA,) or عَوَاقِرُ and عَاقِرَاتٌ: (Msb:) and ↓ عُقَرَةٌ is in like manner applied to a woman, signifying, having a disease in her womb, (O, K, TA,) in consequence of which she does not conceive. (TA.) b2: Applied to a man, Barren; that has no offspring born to him; (S, O, Msb, K;) as also ↓ عَقِيرٌ: (K:) the former غَيْرُ قِيَاسِىٍّ and غَيْرُ مَقِيسٍ or شَاذٌّ or نَادِرٌ">anomalous; [if regarded as from عَقُرَ, not from عَقَرَ; but عَقُرَ said of a man, I do not find;] the latter regular; [if from عَقُرَ;] and the latter has not been heard applied to a woman: (TA:) pl. عُقَّرٌ: (Msb, TA:) and ↓ عُقَرَةٌ is also applied to a man, and signifies, one who comes to women, and feels them, and indulges himself with them in mutual embracing, or pressing to the bosom, (يُحَاضِنُهُنَّ,) but has no offspring born to him. (IAar, TA.) b3: (tropical:) A tree (شَجَرَةٌ) that does not bear; barren: and in like manner ↓ عَقِرَةٌ, occurring in a trad., as the name of a certain tract of land (أَرْضٌ), which name Mohammad changed to خَضِرَةٌ; or this may be from the same epithet applied to a palm-tree. (TA.) [See also عَقِيرٌ.] b4: Applied to a tract of sand (رَمْلَةٌ), (tropical:) That produces no plants or herbage; (O, K, TA;) likened to a [barren] woman: (TA:) or of which the sides produce plants or herbage, but the middle does not produce: (TA:) or such as is large: (K:) or large and producing no plants or herbage. (S.) عَاقُورٌ: see مِعْقَرٌ.

أَعْقَرُ مِنْ بَغْلَةٍ [More barren than a she-mule]. (TA in art. بغل.) مُعْقِرٌ A man having much properly such as is termed عَقَارٌ. (S, K.) A2: See also the next paragraph.

مِعْقَرٌ (S, O, K) and ↓ مِعْقَارٌ and ↓ مُعْقِرٌ (K) and ↓ عُقَرٌ (Az, S, O, K) and ↓ عُقَرَةٌ (S, O, K) and ↓ عَاقُورٌ, (O, K,) applied to the saddle of a horse (S, K) and that of a camel, (TA,) That galls the back; (S, * O, * K;) i. e., that usually galls the back: if it galls it but once it is only termed ↓ عَاقِرٌ. (A' Obeyd.) b2: Also مِعْقَرٌ and ↓ عُقَرٌ and ↓ عُقَرَةٌ A man who galls the backs of camels by fatiguing them with labour, or by urging them much in a journey. (L, K.) مُعْقَرَةٌ Having her womb rendered barren by God. (TA.) مِعْقَارٌ: see مِعْقَرٌ.

مَعْقُورٌ and مَعْقُوَرةٌ: see عَقِيرٌ.

مُعْتَقَرٌ A place of عَقْر [or اِعْتِقَار, i. e. of galling, or being galled, upon the back of a camel or the like]. (TA in art. ارى.)

عور

1 عَوِرَ, (O, K,) said of a man, (O,) aor. ـْ inf. n. عَوَرٌ, (S, O, K,) He was, or became, blind of one eye: (K:) [or he became one-eyed; wanting one eye: or one of his eyes sank in its socket: or one of his eyes dried up: see what next follows:] as also عَارَ, aor. ـَ and ↓ اعورّ; (K;) and ↓ اعوارّ. (Sgh, K.) And عَوِرَتْ عَيْنُهُ, (Az, S, IKtt, O, Msb,) aor. ـْ (Az, Msb,) inf. n. عَوَرٌ; (IKtt, Msb;) and عَارَتْ, aor. ـَ (Az, S, IKtt, O) and تِعَارُ; (IKtt, TA;) and ↓ اعورّت; (Az, S, IKtt, O;) and ↓ اعوارّت; (Az, O, TA;) His eye became blind: (TA:) or became wanting: or sank in its socket: (Msb:) or dried up. (IKtt, TA.) Ibn-Ahmar says, أَعَارَتْ عَيْنُهُ أَمْ لَمْ تَعَارَا [Has his eye become blind or has it not indeed become blind?] meaning تَعَارَنْ; but, pausing, he makes it to end with ا: in عَوِرَتْ, the و is preserved unaltered because it is so preserved in the original form, which is اِعْوَرَّتْ, on account of the quiescence of the letter immediately preceding: then the augmentatives, the ا and the teshdeed, are suppressed, and thus the verb becomes عَوِرَ: for that اعورّت is the original form is shown by the form of the sister-verbs, اِسْوَدَّ and اِحْمَرَّ; and the analogy of verbs significant of faults and the like, اِعْرَجَّ and اِعْمَىَّ as the original forms of عَرِجَ and عَمِىَ; though these may not have been heard. (S, O. [See also صَيِدَ.]) b2: عَارَتِ الرَّكِيَّةُ, aor. ـُ [or تَعْوَرُ or تَعَارُ?], (tropical:) The well became filled up. (TA.) A2: عَارَهُ, (O, K,) aor. ـُ (TA;) and ↓ أَعُوَرَهُ, (K,) inf. n. إِعْوَارٌ; (TA;) and ↓ عوّرهُ, (K,) inf. n. تَعْوِيرٌ; (TA;) He rendered him blind of one eye. (K.) And عَارَ عَيْنَهُ, (S, M, IKtt, O, Msb,) aor. ـُ (S, O, Msb,) inf. n. عَوْرٌ: (IKtt;) and (more commonly, M) ↓ أَعْوَرَهَا; and ↓ عوّرها; (S, M, IKtt, Msb;) He put out his eye: (IKtt, Msb: *) or made it to sink in its socket. (Msb.) Some say that عُرْتُ عَيْنَهُ and ↓ أَعَارَهَا [sic] are from عَائِرٌ, q. v. (TA.) b2: عَارَ الرَّكِيَّةَ and ↓ اعارها signify the same as ↓ عوّرها, (tropical:) He marred, or spoiled, the well, so that the water dried up: (A, TA:) or he filled it up with earth, so that the springs thereof became stopped up: and in like manner, عُيُونَ الميَاهِ ↓ عوّر he stopped up the sources of the waters: (Sh, TA:) and عَيْنَ الرَّكِيَّةِ ↓ عوّر he filled up the source of the well, so that the water dried up. (S.) A3: عَارَهُ, aor. ـُ and يَعِيرُهُ, (S, K,) or the aor. is not used, or, accord. to IJ, it is scarcely ever used, (TA,) or some say يُعُورُهُ, (Yaakoob,) or يَعِيرُهُ, (Aboo-Shibl,) He, or it, took, and went away with, him, or it: (S, O, K:) or destroyed him, or it. (K, TA.) One says, مَا أَدْرِى أَىُّ الجَرَادِ عَارَهُ I know not what man went away with him, or it: (S, O, TA:) or took him, or it. (TA.) It is said to be only used in negative phrases: but Lh mentions أَرَاكَ عُرْتَهُ, and عِرْتَهُ, I see thee, or hold thee, to have gone away with him, or it: [see also art. عير:] IJ says, It seems that they have scarcely ever used the aor. of this verb because it occurs in a prov. respecting a thing that has passed away. (TA.) A4: See also 3 in art. عر.2 عَوَّرَ see 1, in five places: A2: and see 3.3 عاورهُ الشَّىْءَ He did with the thing like as he (the other) did with it: (S:) [or he did the thing with him by turns; for] المُعَاوَرَةُ is similar to المُدَاوَلَةُ, with respect to a thing that is between two, or mutual. (TA. [See also 6.]) b2: See also 4.

A2: عاور المَكَايِيلَ i. q. عَايَرَهَا; [q. v. in art. عير;] (S, O, K;) as also ↓ عوّرها. (K.) 4 أَعْوَرَ see 1, in four places.

A2: اعارهُ الشَّىْءَ, (Az, Msb, K,) inf. n. إِعَارَةٌ and ↓ عَارَةٌ; like as you say أَطَاعَهُ, inf. n. إِطَاعَةٌ and طَاعَةٌ, and أَجَابَهُ, inf. n. إِجَابَةٌ and جَابَةٌ; (Az, Msb;) [or rather عَارَةٌ is a quasi-inf. n.; and so is طَاعَةٌ, and جَابَةٌ;] and اعارهُ مِنْهُ; and إِيَّاهُ ↓ عاورهُ; (K;) [accord. to the TK, all signify He lent him the thing: but the second seems rather to signify he lent him of it: and respecting the third, see 3 above.] For three exs., see 10. سَيْفٌ أُعِيرَتْهُ المَنِيَّةُ (tropical:) [A sword which fate has had lent to it] is an appellation applied to a man, by En-Nábighah. (TA.) [See also 4 in art. عير.]

A3: أَعُوَرَ (tropical:) It (a thing) appeared; and was, or became, within power, or reach. (IAar, K, TA.) One says, أَعْوَرَ لَكَ الصَّيْدُ (tropical:) The object of the chase has become within power, or reach, to thee; (S, O, TA;) and so أَعُوَرَكَ. (TA.) b2: (assumed tropical:) It (a thing) had a place that was a cause of fear, i. e. what is termed عَوْرَةٌ, appearing [in it]. (Ham p. 34.) (tropical:) He (a horseman) had, appearing in him, a place open and exposed to striking (S, O, TA) and piercing. (TA.) (tropical:) It (a place of abode) had a gap, or breach, appearing in it: (TA:) and [so] a house, or chamber, by its wall's being in a state of demolition. (IKtt, TA.) 5 تَعَوَّرَ see 6: see also 10, in two places: and see 5 in art. عير.6 تعاوروا الشَّىْءِ, and ↓ اِعْتَوَرُوهُ, (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K,) and ↓ تعوّروهُ, (S, O, K,) They took the thing, or did it, by turns; syn. تَدَاوَلُوهُ, (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K,) فِيمَا بَيْنَهُمْ: (S, O, TA:) the و is apparent [not changed into ا] in اعتوروا because it signifies the same as تعاوروا. (S.) Aboo-Kebeer says, وَإِذَا الكُمَاةُ تَعَاوَرُوا طَعْنَ الكُلَى

[And when the men clad in armour interchange the piercing of the kidneys]. (TA.) And in a trad. it is said, يَتَعَاوَرُونَ عَلَى مِنبرِى They will ascend my pulpit one after another, by turns; whenever one goes, another coming after him. (TA.) One says also, تعاور القَوْمُ فُلَانًا, meaning The people aided one another in beating such a one, one after another. (TA.) And تَعَاوَرْنَا فُلَانًا ضَرْبًا We beat such a one by turns; I beating him one time, and another another time, and a third another time. (TA.) And القَتِيلَ رَجُلَانِ ↓ اعتور Each of the two men [in turn] struck the slain man. (Mgh.) And تَعَاوَرَتِ الرِّيَاحُ رَسْمَ الدَّارِ (tropical:) (tropical:) The winds blew by turns upon, or over, the remains that marked the site of the house, or dwelling; (S, O; *) syn. تَنَاوَبَتْهُ, (S,) or تَدَاوَلَتْهُ; one time blowing from the south, and another time from the north, and another time from the east, and another time from the west: (Az, TA:) or blew over them perseveringly, so as to obliterate them; (Lth, TA;) a signification doubly tropical: but Az says that this is a mistake. (TA.) And doubly tropical is the saying ↓ الاِسْمُ تَعْتَوِرُهُ حَرَكَاتُ الإِعْرَابِ (tropical:) (tropical:) [The noun has the vowels of desinential syntax by turns; having at one time رَفْعٌ, at another نَصْبٌ, and at another خَفْضٌ]. (TA.) تَعَاوُرٌ and ↓ اِعْتِوَارٌ denote that this has the place of this, and this the place of this: one says هٰذَا مَرَّةً وَهٰذَا مَرَّةً ↓ اِعْتَوَارَاهُ [They two took it, or did it, by turns; this, one time; and this, one time]: but you do not say اِعْتَوَرَ زَيْدٌ عَمْرًا. (IAar.) b2: تَعَاوَرْنَا العَوَارِىَّ (tropical:) We lent loans, one to another: (Az:) and هُمْ يَتَعَاوَرُونُ العَوَارِىَّ (tropical:) They lend loans, one to another. (S, * Msb.) [See also 10.]8 إِعْتَوَرَ see 6, in five places.9 إِعْوَرَّ see 1, first quarter, in two places.10 استعار and ↓ تعوّر (O, K) He asked, or demanded, or sought, what is termed عَارِيَّة [a loan]. (K.) It is said in the story of the [golden] calf, بَنُو إِسْرَائِيلَ ↓ مِنْ حَلْىٍ تَعَوَّرَهُ i. e. اِسْتَعَارُوهُ [Of ornaments which the children of Israel had asked to be lent, or had borrowed]. (TA.) b2: You say also ↓ اِسْتَعَرْتُ مِنْهُ الشَّىْءَ فَأَعَارَنِيهِ, (Mgh, Msb, K, *) and اِسْتَعَرْتُهُ الشَّىْءَ, (Mgh, TA,) suppressing the preposition, (Mgh,) I asked of him the loan of the thing [and he lent it to me]. (K, TA.) and ↓ اِسْتَعَرْتُ مِنْهُ عَارِيَّةً فَأَعَارَنِيهَا [I asked of him a loan and he lent it to me]. (TA.) And اِسْتَعَارَهُ ثَوْبًا

إِيَّاهُ ↓ فَأَعَارَهُ [He asked him to lend to him a garment, or piece of cloth, and he lent it to him]. (S, O.) b3: استعار سَهْمًا مِنْ كِنَانَتِهِ (tropical:) He raised and transferred an arrow from his quiver. (TA in arts. عور and عير.) b4: [Hence, استعار لَفْظًا (tropical:) He used a word metaphorically.]11 إِعْوَاْرَّ see 1, first quarter, in two places.

عَارٌ: see art. عير.

عَوَرٌ inf. n. of عَوِرَ [q. v.]. (S, O, K.) See also عَوَرَةٌ. b2: Also Weakness, faultiness, or unsoundness; and so ↓ عَوْرَةٌ: badness, foulness, or unseemliness, in a thing: disgrace, or disfigurement. (TA.) [See also عَوَارٌ.]

A2: هٰذَا الأَمْرُ بَيْنَنَا عَوَرٌ means This is a thing, or an affair, that we do by turns. (TA, voce رَوَحٌ.) عَوِرٌ (tropical:) A thing having no keeper or guardian; [lit., having a gap, or an opening, or a breach, exposing it to thieves and the like;] as also ↓ مُعْوِرٌ. (TA.) You say ↓ مَكَانٌ مُعْوِرٌ (tropical:) A place in which one fears: (TA:) a place in which (فِيهِ [in one of my copies of the S مِنْهُ]) one fears being cut [or pierced (see 4)]; (S, TA;) as also ↓ مَكَانٌ عَوْرَةٌ; which is doubly tropical: (TA:) and ↓ طَرِيقٌ مُعْوِرَةٌ (tropical:) a road in which is an opening, in which one fears losing his way and being cut off: and ↓ مُعْوِرٌ signifies within the power of a person; open, and exposed: appearing; and within power, or reach: and a place feared. (TA.) I'Ab and some others read, in the Kur [xxxiii. 13], إِنَّ بُيُوتَنَا عَوِرَةٌ, meaning, ذَاتُ عَوْرَةٍ; (O, K;) i. e., (tropical:) Verily our houses are [open and exposed,] not protected, but, on the contrary, within the power of thieves, having no men in them: (O, TA:) or it means مُعْوِرَةٌ, i. e., next to the enemy, so that our goods will be stolen from them. (TA.) See also عَوْرَةٌ, last sentence but one.

عَارَةٌ: see 4: b2: and see also عَارِيَّةٌ.

عَوْرَةٌ The pudendum, or pudenda, (S, O, Msb, K,) of a human being, (S, O,) of a man and of a woman: (TA:) so called because it is abominable to uncover, and to look at, what is thus termed: (Msb:) said in the B to be from عَارٌ, meaning مَذَمَّةٌ: (TA:) [but see what is said voce عَارِيَّةٌ: the part, or parts, of the person, which it is indecent to expose:] in a man, what is between the navel and the knee: and so in a woman: (Jel in xxiv. 31:) or, in a free woman, all the person, except the face and the hands as far as the wrists; and respecting the hollow of the sole of the foot, there is a difference of opinion: in a female slave, like as in a man; and what appears of her in service, as the head and the neck and the fore arm, are not included in the term عورة. (TA.) [العَوْرَةُ المُغَلَّظَةُ means The anterior and posterior pudenda: العَوْرَةُ المُخَفَّفَةُ, the other parts included in the term عورة: so in the law-books.] The covering what is thus termed, in prayer and on other occasions, is obligatory: but respecting the covering the same in a private place, opinions differ. (TA.) The pl. is عَوْرَاتٌ: (S, O, Msb:) for the second letter of the pl. of فَعْلَةٌ as a subst. is movent only when it is not و nor ى: but some read [in the Kur xxiv. 31], عَوَرَاتِ النِّسَآءِ, (S, O,) which is of the dial. of Hudheyl. (Msb.) b2: A time in which it is proper for the عَوْرَة to appear; each of the following three times; before the prayer of daybreak; at midday; and after nightfall. (K.) These three times are mentioned in the Kur xxiv. 57. (TA.) b3: Anything that a man veils, or conceals, by reason of disdainful pride, or of shame or pudency: (Msb:) anything of which one is ashamed (S, O, K, TA) when it appears. (TA.) b4: See also عَوَرٌ. b5: (assumed tropical:) A woman: because one is ashamed at her when she appears, like as one is ashamed at the pudendum (العَوْرَة) when it appears: (L, TA:) or women. (Msb.) b6: Any place of concealment (مَكْمَنٌ) [proper] for veiling or covering. (K.) b7: A gap, an opening, or a breach, (T, Msb, K,) or any gap, opening, or breach, (S, O,) in the frontier of a hostile country, (T, S, O, Msb, K,) &c., (K,) or in war or battle, from which one fears (T, S, O, Msb) slaughter. (T.) b8: Sometimes it is applied as an epithet to an indeterminate subst.; and in this case it is applied to a sing. and to a pl., without variation, and to a masc. and a fem., like an inf. n. (TA.) It is said in the Kur [xxxiii. 13], إِنَّ بُيُوتَنَا عَوْرَةٌ (O, TA) [Verily our houses are open and exposed: or, as expl. by Bd and others, defenceless]: the epithet being here sing.; and the subst. to which it is applied, pl.: (TA:) but in this instance it may be a contraction of ↓ عَوِرَةٌ; and thus it has been read: (Bd:) see عَوِرٌ. b9: Also, (K,) or [the pl.] عَوْرَاتٌ, (S,) Clefts, or fissures, of mountains. (S, K.) عَوَرَةٌ a subst. meaning ↓ عَوَرٌ [q. v.]: (O:) [it is mentioned in the S as a subst., and app., from the context, as signifying عَوَرٌ, i. e. A blindness of one eye: (but expl. by Golius as meaning the succession of a worse after a better:) after the mention of رَجُلٌ أَعْوَرُ, and the phrase بَدَلٌ أَعْوَرُ and خَلَفٌ أَعْوَرُ, in the S, it is added, وَالاِسْمُ العَوَرَةُ, or, accord. to one copy, العَوْرَةُ; and then follows, وَقَدْ عَارَتِ العَيْنُ.]

عُورَانٌ a pl. of أَعْوَرُ [q. v.]; as also عِيرَانٌ. b2: It is also used as a sing.; رَكِيَّةٌ عُورَانٌ meaning (assumed tropical:) A well in a state of demolition. (O, K.) عَارِيَّةٌ (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K) and sometimes عَارِيَةٌ, without teshdeed, (Msb, K,) when used in poetry, (Msb,) and ↓ عَارَةٌ, (S, O, K,) What is taken by persons by turns; expl. by مَا تَدَاوَلُوهُ بَيْنَهُمْ: (K:) [generally meaning a loan: and the act of lending;] the putting one in possession of the use of a thing without anything given in exchange: (KT, and Kull p. 262:) the returning of the thing thus termed is obligatory, when the thing itself remains in existence; and if it has perished, then one must be responsible for its value, accord. to Esh-Sháfi'ee, but not accord. to Aboo-Haneefeh: (TA:) pl. [of the first] عَوَارِىُّ, (S, O, Msb, K,) and [of the second] عَوَارٍ. (Msb, K.) A poet says, وَالْعَوَارِىُّ قَصَارٌ أَنْ تُرَدْ إِنَّمَا أَنْفُسُنَا عَارِيَّةٌ [Our souls are only a loan: and the end of loans is their being given back: تُرَدْ being for تُرَدَّ]. (S, O.) عَارِيَّةٌ is of the measure فَعْلِيَّةٌ: Az says that it is a rel. n. from عَارَةٌ, which is a subst. from

إِعَارَةٌ: (Mgh, * Msb:) Lth says that what is thus called is so called because it is a disgrace (عار) to him who demands it; and J says the like; and some say that it is from عَارَ الفَرَسُ, meaning, “the horse went away from his master: ” but both these assertions are erroneous; since عاريّة belongs to art. عور, for the Arabs say هُمْ يَتَعَاوَرُونَ العَوَارِىَّ, meaning they lend [loans], one to another; and عَارٌ and عَارَ الفَرَسُ belong to art. عير: therefore the correct assertion is that of Az. (Msb.) عَوَارٌ (S, Mgh, Msb, K) and ↓ عُوَارٌ (Az, S, Msb, K) and ↓ عِوَارٌ (K) A fault; a defect; an imperfection; a blemish; something amiss; (S, Mgh, Msb, K;) in an article of merchandise, (S, Mgh, Msb,) and in a garment, or piece of cloth, (TA,) and in a slave, (Msb,) and in a beast: (TA:) or in a garment, or piece of cloth, a hole, and a rent; (Lth, Mgh, Msb, K, TA;) and so in the like, and in a house or tent and the like; (TA;) and in a garment, or piece of cloth, also a burn; and a rottenness: (Mgh:) and some say that عَوَارٌ, with fet-h, is only in goods, or commodities, or articles of merchandise. (Msb.) Yousay سِلْعَةٌ ذَاتُ عَوَارٍ, and ↓ عُوَارٍ, accord. to Az, An article of merchandise having a fault, or the like. (S.) [See also عَوَرٌ.]

عُوَارٌ: see عَوَارٌ, in two places.

عِوَارٌ: see عَوَارٌ.

عُوَيْرٌ: see أَعْوَرُ, of which it is the dim.

عَيِّرَةُ عَيْنَيْنِ: see عَائِرٌ.

عُوَّارٌ: see عَائِرٌ, in four places.

عَائِرٌ Anything that causes disease in the eye, (K, TA,) and wounds: so called because the eye becomes closed on account of it, and the person cannot see, the eye being as it were blinded: (TA:) ophthalmia; syn. رَمَدٌ; (S, O, K;) as also ↓ عُوَّارٌ: (Msb:) which latter also signifies foul, thick, white matter, that collects in the inner corner of the eye; not fluid; syn. رَمَصٌ: (Msb:) or both signify a fluid matter that makes the eye smart, as though a mote, or the like, had fallen into it: (Lth:) and both signify a mote, or the like, (S, O, K,) in the eye: (S:) or (TA, in the K “ and ”) عَائِرٌ signifies pimples, or small pustules, in the lower eyelid: (K:) a subst., not an inf. n., nor an act. part. n.: (TA:) the pl. of ↓ عُوَّارٌ is عَوَاوِيرُ, and, by poetic license, عَوَاوِرُ. (TA.) One says ↓ بِعَيْنِهِ عُوَّارٌ, meaning, In his eye is a mote, or the like. (S.) b2: عَيْنٌ عَائِرَةٌ An eye in which is the fluid matter called ↓ عُوَّار: but when the eye has this, you do not say of it عَارَتْ. (Lth.) b3: عَائِرُ العَيْنِ (assumed tropical:) What fills, or satisfies, the eye (مَا يَمْلَؤُهَا), of مَال [meaning camels or the like], so as almost to put it out; and in like manner عَائِرَةُ عَيْنَيْنِ. (TA.) One says, عِنْدَهُ مِنَ المَالِ عَائِرَةُ عَيْنٍ, (S, O,) or عَائِرَةُ عَيْنَيْنِ and ↓ عَيِّرَةُ عَيْنَيْنِ, (K, but with عَلَيْهِ in the place of عِنْدَهُ, and in the CK عِتْرَةُ is put for عَيِّرَةُ,) both of these mentioned by Lh, (TA,) i. e. (assumed tropical:) [He has, of camels or the like], what fill, or satisfy, (تَمْلَأُ,) his sight by the multitude thereof; (K;) or that at which the sight is confounded, or perplexed, by reason of the multitude thereof, as though it filled, or satisfied, the eye, and put it out: (S, O:) [and A'Obeyd says the like:] or, accord. to As, the Arab in the Time of Ignorance used, when his camels amounted to a thousand, to put out an eye of one of them; and hence, by عَائِرَةُ العَيْنِ they meant a thousand camels, whereof one had an eye put out. (TA.) A2: عَائِرٌ also signifies An arrow of which the shooter is not known; (S, O, K;) and in like manner, a stone: (S, O:) pl. عَوَائِرُ: (TA:) عَوَائِرُ نَبْلٍ means arrows in a scattered state, of which one knows not whence they have come. (IB, TA.) [See also art. عير.] and عَوَائِرُ (S, O, K) and ↓ عِيرَانٌ (K) signify Swarms of locusts in a scattered state: (S, O, K: [or] the first thereof going away in a scattered state, and few in number. (TA.) أَعْوَرُ Blind of one eye: (K:) one-eyed; wanting one eye: or having one of his eyes sunk in its socket: (Msb:) or having one of his eyes dried up: (IKtt:) applied to a man, (S, Msb,) and to a camel, &c.: (TA:) fem. عَوْرَآءُ: (Msb:) pl. عُورٌ and عُورَانٌ (O, K) and عِيرَانٌ. (K.) The أَعْوَر is considered by the Arabs as of evil omen. (TA.) It is said in a prov., أَعْوَرُ عَيْنَكَ وَالحَجَرَ [O oneeyed, preserve thine eye (thine only eye) from the stone]. (Meyd, TA.) b2: Squint-eyed; syn. أَحْوَلُ: (TA:) and عَوْرَآءُ the same, applied to a woman. (K, TA.) b3: A crow: (S, O, K:) so called as being deemed inauspicious; (S, O, TA;) or by antiphrasis, (TA,) because of the sharpness of his sight; (S, O, TA;) or because, when he desires to croak, he closes his eyes; (O, TA;) and ↓ عُوَيْرٌ is the dim., (S, O,) and signifies the same. (K.) b4: فَلَاةٌ عَوْرَآءُ (assumed tropical:) A desert in which is no water. (S, O.) b5: طَرِيقٌ أَعْوَرُ (tropical:) A road in which is no sign of the way. (K, TA.) b6: عَوْرَآءُ القُرِّ (assumed tropical:) A night (لَيْلَةٌ), (O, TA,) and a morning (غَدَاةٌ), and a year (سَنَةٌ), (TA,) in which is no cold. (Th, O, TA.) b7: أَعْوَرُ also signifies (assumed tropical:) Anything, (O, K, TA,) and any disposition, temper, or nature, (TA,) bad, corrupt, abominable, or disapproved: (O, K, TA:) fem. as above. (TA.) b8: بَدَلٌ أَعْوَرُ (assumed tropical:) [A bad substitute]: a prov. applied to a man who is dispraised succeeding one who is praised: and sometimes they said خَلَفٌ أَعْوَرُ: and Aboo-Dhu-eyb uses the expression خِلَافٌ عُورٌ; as though he made خِلَافٌ pl. of خَلَفٌ, like as جِبَالٌ is pl. of جَبَلٌ. (S, O.) b9: عَوْرَآءُ (tropical:) A bad, an abominable, or a foul, word or saying; (AHeyth, S, A, O, K;) opposed to عَيْنَآءُ: (AHeyth, A, TA:) i. q. سَقْطَةٌ; (S, O;) i. e. a bad word or saying, that swerves from rectitude: (TA:) or a word or saying that falls inconsistent with reason and rectitude: (Lth:) or a word or saying which the ear rejects; and in the pl. sense you say عُورَانُ الكَلَامِ: (Az:) or a bad, an abominable, or a foul, action: (K:) as though the word or saying, or the action, blinded the eye: the attribute which it denotes is transferred to the word or saying, or the action; but properly its author is meant. (TA.) b10: مَعَانٍ عُورٌ, in a trad. of 'Omar, (assumed tropical:) Obscure, subtile, meanings. (TA.) b11: See also the pl. عِيرَانٌ voce عَائِرٌ, last sentence.

اِسْتِعَارَةٌ [inf. n. of 10. b2: And hence, (tropical:) A metaphor].

مُعْوِرٌ: see عَوِرٌ, in four places.

مُسْتَعَارٌ [Borrowed; or asked, demanded, or sought, as a loan;] pass. part. n. of 10 as used in the phrase اِسْتَعَارَهُ ثَوْبًا [q. v.] so in the following verse of Bishr (S, O) Ibn-Abee-Házim, describing a horse: (O:) كَأَنَّ حَفِيفَ مَنْخِرِهِ إِذَا مَا كَتَمْنَ الرَّبْوُ كِيرٌ مُسْتَعَارُ

[As though the sound of the wind of his nostril, when they (i. e. other horses) suppressed loud breathing, were the sound of the wind of a borrowed blacksmith's bellows]: or, as some say, مستعار here means مُتَعَاوَرٌ i. e. مُتَدَاوَلٌ [app. worked by turns]: (S, O:) he means that his nostril was wide, not suppressing the loud breathing, when other beasts suppressed the breath by reason of the narrowness of the place of exit thereof. (S in art. كتم.) b2: [And hence, (tropical:) A word, or phrase, used metaphorically.]

عرس

1 عَرِسَ بِهِ, (S, O, Msb, K,) aor. ـَ (Msb, K,) inf. n. عَرَسٌ, (TA,) He kept, or clave, to him or it; (S, O, Msb, K;) as also ↓ أَعْرَسَهُ. (O, K.) From this, and from another signification of the same verb, which see below, عَرُوسٌ is said [by some] to be derived. (Msb.) You say, عَرِسَ الرَّجُلُ بِقِرْنِهِ The man kept, or clave, to his opponent or adversary, in fight. (Mgh.) And عَرِسَ الصَّبِىُّ بِأُمِّهِ, (TA,) or أُمَّهُ, (Mgh,) The child kept to his mother. (Mgh, TA.) And عَرِسَ الشَّرُّ بِهِمْ Evil clung, or stuck fast, to them, and continued. (TA.) b2: [Hence, perhaps,] عَرِسَ الشَّىْءُ, [or, perhaps, الشَّرُّ,] inf. n. as above, The thing [or evil or mischief] became vehement, or severe, or distressful. (TA.) A2: عَرِسَ, aor. ـَ inf. n. عَرَسٌ, He (a man) was, or became, fatigued: (TA:) or عَرِسَ, (IKtt,) or عَرِسَ عَنِ الجِمَاعِ, (Msb,) he (a man) was, or became, fatigued, or weak, and so disabled, or incapacitated, from copulation; syn. كَلَّ, (Msb,) and أَعْيَا, (IKtt, Msb,) عن الجماع. (IKtt.) From this, and from another signification of the same verb, mentioned above, عَرُوسٌ is said [by some] to be derived. (Msb.) b2: Also He was, or became, confounded or perplexed, and unable to see his right course; syn. دَهِشَ: (S, O, K:) and so عَرِشَ. (TA.) b3: and عَرِسَ عَنْهُ He held back, or refrained, from him, or it, through cowardice. (TA.) b4: And عَرِسَ عَلَىَّ مَا عِنْدَهُ i. q. اِمْتَنَعَ [i. e. What he had was unattainable, or difficult of attainment, to me]. (IAar, O, K. [In the CK, علَى is put for عَلَىَّ.]) A3: عَرَسَ البَعِيرَ, (S, O, K,) aor. ـُ (S, O, TA) and عَرِسَ, (TA,) inf. n. عَرْسٌ, (S, O,) He bound the camel's fore shank to his neck, (S, O, K,) while he was lying down, (S, O,) with the rope called ↓ عِرَاسٌ: (S, O, K:) or, as some say, he bound the neck of the camel to both of his fore legs. (TA.) 2 عرّسوا, (Msb, K,) inf. n. تَعْرِيسٌ; (S, Mgh, O, Msb;) and ↓ اعرسوا; (S, O, K;) but the former is the more common; (K;) the latter, rare; (S, O;) They alighted (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K) during a journey, (S, Mgh, O, Msb,) in the last part of the night, (S, Mgh, O, K,) for a rest, (S, O, Msb, K,) and made their camels lie down, and took a nap, or slight sleep, (TA,) and then departed, (S, Msb,) and continued their journey, at daybreak: (TA:) [see also 2 in art. عوه:] or they journeyed all the day, and alighted in the first part of the night: (TA:) or they alighted (Az, Msb, TA) in a usual place of resort (TA) at any time of the night or day. (Az, Msb, TA.) [Hence,] لَيْلَةُ التَّعْرِيسِ The night in which the Apostle of God slept: (O, K:) the story of which is well known, in the biographies of him and in the traditions. (TA.) [It was when he was returning from the siege and capture of Kheyber: he halted in the latter part of the night, and unintentionally slept until the time of the prayer of daybreak had passed. See “ Mishcàt ul-Masábìh,” vol. i., p. 146.]

A2: See also 4.

A3: عُرِّسَ, inf. n. as above, It (a chamber) had an عَرْس [q. v.] made to it. (TA.) 4 اعرس He made, or prepared, a marriagefeast. (S, O, Msb, K, TA.) b2: [He became a bridegroom.] And اعرس بِأَهْلِهِ, (S, O, K,) or بِامْرَأَتِهِ, (Mgh, * Msb,) He had his wife conducted to him on the occasion of the marriage; syn. بَنَى

بِهَا, (T, S,) or بَنَى عَلَيْهَا; (Mgh, O, K;) as also بها ↓ عرّس; (TA;) or this latter is only used by the vulgar; (S, O, TA;) or is a mistake: (Mgh, Msb:) and he abode with his wife during the days of and after that event: (TA:) [and] he went in to his wife (IAth, Msb) [a signification which may be meant to be included in the explanation بني بها or بنى عليها] on the occasion of that event; meaning, he compressed her; وَطْءٌ being thus called إِعْرَاسٌ because it is a consequence of إِعْرَاس [properly so termed]: (IAth:) the phrase also signifies [simply] he compressed his wife. (S, TA.) A2: See also 2: A3: and see عَرِسَ بِهِ.5 تعرّس لِامْرَأَتِهِ He manifested, or showed, love, or affection, to his wife, (A, Ibn-'Abbád, O, K,) and kept to her. (TA.) [App. originally signifying He behaved like a bridegroom (عَرُوس) to his wife.]

عَرْسٌ A wall which is placed between the two [main lateral] walls of the winter-chamber, not reaching to the further end thereof, (S, O, K, TA,) then the beam is laid from the inner extremity of that wall to the further end of the chamber, (TA,) and it is roofed over, (S, O, K, TA,) i. e. the whole chamber is roofed over: what is between the two walls [above mentioned] is [called] a سَهْوَة [q. v.], and what is beneath the beam [app. with what is screened by the middle wall from the portion (of the chamber) in which is the entrance] is the مُِخْدَع: (TA:) this is done for the sake of more warmth, and only in cold countries: (S, O, K, TA:) and it is called in Pers\. بيجه [correctly پيچه]: (S, TA:) and عَرْصٌ is [said to be] a dial. var. thereof. (TA.) عُرْسٌ (Az, S, Msb, K) and ↓ عُرُسٌ (Az, S, K) substs. from أَعْرَسَ as signifying “ he had his wife conducted to him on the occasion of his marriage,” and “ he went in to her: ” (Az, TA:) The ceremony of conducting a bride to her husband: (Msb:) or the ministration, or performance, of a marriage, and of the ceremony of conducting the bride to her husband: (TA:) or [simply] marriage: or coitus: syn. نِكَاحٌ: (K, TA:) because this is the real thing intended by الإِعْرَاس: (TA:) in the first of these senses, it is masc. and fem.; or, accord. to some, fem. only: as masc., its pl. is أَعْرَاسٌ; and as fem., its pl. is عُرُسَاتٌ. (Msb.) Hence [the trad.], إِذَا دُعِىَ أَحَدُكُمْ إِلَى وَلِيمَةِ عُرْسٍ فَلْيُجِبْ When any one of you is invited to a marriage-feast, or a feast given on the occasion of the conducting of a bride to her husband, let him consent. (Mgh.) b2: And hence, (Az, TA,) A marriage-feast: (A 'Obeyd, Az, S, O, K:) or a feast made on the occasion of conducting a bride to her husband: (Msb:) in this sense it is masc.: (Msb:) or mase, and fem.: (S, O:) or fem., and sometimes mase. (Az, TA.) A rájiz says, إِنَّا وَجَدْنَا عُرُسَ الحَنَّاطِ لَئِيمَةً مَذْمُومَةَ الحُوَّاطِ [Verily we found the marriage-feast of the wheatseller to be mean, discommended for the managers: see also حُوَاطَةٌ]. (Az, S, O, TA.) Pl. as above, i. e., أَعْرَاسٌ and عُرُسَاتٌ. (S, O, K.) [See an ex. voce خُرْسٌ.] b3: [And hence,] A state of rejoicing. (IB, voce مَأْتَمٌ, q. v.) b4: The dim. is [عُرَيْسٌ,] without ة; which is extr., [accord. to those who hold it to be fem. only,] for [accord, to them] it should have ة, being a fem. n. of three letters. (TA.) عِرْسٌ A man's wife: (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K:) and a woman's husband: (O, Msb, K:) pl. (in both senses, TA) أَعْرَاسٌ: (S, O, Msb, K, TA:) the dual, عِرْسَانِ, is sometimes applied to the male and female, (S, O,) or husband and wife: (TA:) and to a male and female ostrich: (IB:) and the sing., to the mate of the lion: (S, A, O, K:) and the pl. is applied, metaphorically, by Málik Ibn-Khuweylid El-Hudhalee, to lions. (TA.) A2: اِبْنُ عِرْسٍ [The weasel; and a weasel;] a certain small animal, (Lth, S, O, Msb, K,) well known, (TA,) resembling the rat (الفَأْرَة), (Msb,) smaller than the cat, (Lth, O, TA,) having the lower lip cleft (أَشْتَرُ), and very short ears, as though they were amputated, (Lth, O, K,) and having a canine tooth; (TA;) called in Persian رَاسُوْ: (S, Mgh:) the name is determinate and indeterminate: (TA:) pl. بَنَاتُ عِرْسٍ, (S, Msb, K,) applied to the males and the females; (O, K;) like as you say اِبْنُ آوَى and اِبْنُ مَخَاضٍ and اِبْنُ لَبُونٍ and اِبْنُ مَآءٍ, and in the pl. بَنَاتُ آوَى and بَنَاتُ مَخَاضٍ and بَنَاتُ لَبُونٍ and بَنَاتُ مَآءٍ; or, accord. to Akh, you say بَنَاتُ عِرْسٍ and بَنُو عِرْسٍ, like بَنَاتُ نَعْشٍ and بَنُو نَعْشٍ. (S, O.) عِرِسٌ One who quits not the place of conflict, by reason of courage. (TA.) b2: العَرِسُ The lion: (O, K:) because he keeps to the preying upon men; or because he keeps to his covert, or retreat. (O, * TA.) A2: Also Confounded, or perplexed, and unable to see his right course; syn. دَهِشٌ. (S, O, K.) عُرُسٌ: see عُرْسٌ.

عِرْسِىٌّ A certain dye; (K;) a certain colour of dye, likened to the colour of the اِبْنُ عِرْس [or weasel]. (S, O.) عِرَاسٌ: see 1, last sentence.

عَرُوسٌ A bridegroom: and a bride: i. e., a man, and a woman, during the period of their إِعْرَاس or أَعْرَاس [thus differently written in different MSS.]; (S, A, O, Msb, K;) or when the one goes in to the other: (IAth:) you say رَجُلٌ عَرُوسٌ [a bridegroom, vulgarly, in the present day, ↓ عَرِيس,] and اِمْرَأَةٌ عَرُوسٌ [a bride, vulgarly, in the present day, ↓ عَرُوسَة]: (S:) and عُرُوسٌ is a dial. var. of the same: (IAar, TA:) pl. mase.

عُرُسٌ (S, O, Msb, K) and أَعْرَاسٌ; (TA;) and pl. fem. عَرَائِسُ. (S, O, Msb, K.) [See عَرِسَ, in two places.] It is said in a prov., كَادَ العَرُوسُ يَكُونُ أَمِيرًا [The bridegroom was near to being a prince]. (S: in the O, مَلِكًا.) The dim. is عُرَيِّسٌ, without the addition of ة to distinguish the fem., because of the fourth letter. (TA.) b2: [Hence,] أَبْيَاتٌ عَرَائِسُ (tropical:) Verses of which the words are marked with diacritical points: for, as Esh-Shereeshee says, the Arabs used to adorn the bride by speckling her cheeks with saffron: opposed to أَبْيَاتٌ عَوَاطِلُ. (Har p. 610.) b3: [Hence also,] عَرَائِسُ الإِبِلِ (assumed tropical:) The high-bred of camels. (A.) عَرِيس: see the next preceding paragraph.

عَرُوسَة: see the next preceding paragraph.

عِرِّيسٌ and عِرِّيسَةٌ, [the latter the more common,] A thicket: (L:) the covert, or retreat, of the lion, (S, O, K, TA,) in a thicket. (TA.) [It is said in a prov.,] كَمُبْتَغِى الصَّيْدِ فِى عِرِّيسَةِ الأَسَدِ [Like the seeker of game in the covert of the lion]: from a verse of Et-Tirimmáh. (Z, O. [See Freytag's Arab. Prov., ii. 360.] (TA.) b2: Also the former, The place of growth [or origin] of the stock of a man, among his people. (TA.) عِرِّيسَةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

مُعْرَسٌ: see what next follows.

مُعَرَّسٌ (S, O, K) and ↓ مُعْرَسٌ, (O, K,) [the former of which is the more common,] A place where people alight (S, O, K) during a journey, (S,) in the last part of the night, for a rest, (S, O, K,) and make their camels lie down, and take a nap, or slight sleep, (TA,) after which they depart, (S,) and continue their journey, at daybreak: (TA:) or a place where people alight in the first part of the night, after journeying all the day: or a usual place of resort where people alight at any time of the night or day. (TA.) b2: Also the former, A chamber (بَيْت) having an عَرْس [q. v.] made to it. (S, O, K.)

عقص

1 عَقَصَتْ شَعَرَهَا, aor. ـِ (Msb,) inf. n. عَقْصٌ, (Lth, S, Mgh, IAth, Msb,) She (a woman, Lth, Msb) twisted her hair, and inserted the ends thereof into the parts next the roots: (Mgh, IAth, Msb:) this is the primary signification: (IAth:) or she took each lock of her hair, and twisted it, then tied it, so that there remained in it a twisting, and then let it hang down; (Lth, O; *) each of the said locks is termed عَقِيصَةٌ: (Lth:) and she tied her hair upon the back of her neck: (TA:) and she plaited her hair: (Msb:) or عَقْصُ الشَّعَرِ signifies the gathering of the hair together upon the head: (Mgh:) or the plaiting of the hair: and the twisting it upon the head: (S:) and you say, عَقَصَ شَعَرَهُ, aor. as above, (and so the inf. n., O,) meaning, he plaited his hair: and he twisted it. (A, O, K.) A2: عَقِصَ, (S, TA,) aor. ـَ (TA,) inf. n. عَقَصٌ, [q. v.], (S, O, TA,) (tropical:) He was, or became, niggardly, or close-handed, (S, O, * TA,) and evil in disposition. (S.) b2: And عَقِصَتْ عَلَىَّ الدَّابَّةُ [as also عَكِصَتْ] (tropical:) The beast became restive, or refractory, to me, and stopped. (TA.) 2 عقّص أَمْرَهُ (tropical:) He rendered his affair difficult, or intricate, and involved in confusion, or doubt. (TA.) 3 أَخَذْتُهُ مُعَاقَصَةً (assumed tropical:) I took it striving to overcome; (O, K; *) as also مُقَاصَعَةً. (O.) عَقَصٌ [app. an inf. n. of which the verb is عَقِصَ] A twisting, or contortion, in the horn of a sheep or goat: (A:) or a twisting, or contortion, of the horns of a goat, upon his ears, backwards. (S.) عَقِصٌ Sand accumulated, or congested, in which there is no way: (S, O, K:) said to be syn. with عَقِدٌ: and ↓ عَقَصَةٌ signifies sand like such as is termed سِلْسِلَةٌ [q. v.]; or عَقَصَةٌ and ↓ عَقِصَةٌ, as expl. by Aboo-'Alee, signify sand contorted, one part upon another, and extended; like عَقَدَةٌ and عَقِدَةٌ. (TA.) b2: And The neck of the كَرِش [or stomach of a ruminant animal]. (IF, O, K. [In the CK, for وَعُنُقُ الكَرِشِ is erroneously put وكعُنُقٍ الكَرِشُ; after which a و should have been inserted.]) b3: Also, (S, O, K,) and ↓ عِقِّيصٌ, (O, K,) and ↓ عَيْقَصٌ, (IDrd, O, K,) and ↓ أَعْقَصُ, (TA,) (tropical:) Niggardly, stingy, or close-handed, (S, O, K, TA,) and evil in disposition: (S:) and عقيص [app. ↓ عِقِّيصٌ, or perhaps ↓ عَقِيصٌ,] signifies evil and perverse in disposition. (TA.) عُقْصَةٌ A knot of a horn: (O, K:) pl. عُقَصٌ. (O.) عِقْصَةٌ: see عَقِيصَةٌ, in two places.

عَقَصَةٌ and عَقِصَةٌ: see عَقِصٌ.

عِقَاصٌ A string with which the ends of the ذَوَائِب [or locks of hair hanging down loosely from the middle of the head to the back] are tied: (O, Msb, K:) or a thong with which the hair is gathered together: (Mgh:) pl. عُقُصٌ: (Msb:) or, as some say, عُقُصٌ, (Mgh,) or عُقُوصٌ, (TA,) signifies black strings, (Mgh,) or strings of twisted wool, dyed black, (TA,) which a woman joins to her hair: (Mgh, TA:) of the dial. of El-Yemen: (TA:) [in Egypt, in the present day, the term عُقُوص is applied to red silk strings, each with a tassel at the end, worn by women of the lower orders, who divide their hair behind into two tresses, and plait, with each tress, three of these strings, which reach more than half-way towards the ground, so that they are usually obliged to draw aside the tassels before they sit down:] MF says that, accord. to some, عِقَاصٌ signifies a thorn, or the like, with which a woman arranges, or puts in order, her hair: which is strange: (TA:) and IAar says that it signifies مَدَارِىُّ [i. e. horns with which people scratch their heads; or things like packing-needles, with which the female hair-dresser arranges, or puts in order, the locks of women's hair]; and this meaning he assigns to it in explaining a verse of Imra-el-Keys [which see below, voce عَقِيصَةٌ, of which word, as well as of عِقْصَةٌ, the word عِقَاصٌ is also a pl.]. (O, * TA.) عُقُوصٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

عَقِيصٌ: see عَقِصٌ, last sentence.

عَقِيصَةٌ A portion of a woman's hair which is twisted, and of which the ends are inserted into the parts next the roots; (IAth, * Msb;) as also ↓ عِقْصَةٌ: (Msb:) or a lock of a woman's hair which she twists, then ties, so that there remains in it a twisting, and then lets hang down: (Lth, A:) [i. e., a twisted lock of a woman's hair, which either has its end inserted into the part next the roots, or is tied, and left to hang down:] or i. q. ضَفَيرَةٌ; as also ↓ عِقْصَةٌ; (S, O, K;) the latter on the authority of A'Obeyd: (S:) pl. (of the former, S, A, Msb, TA) عَقَائِصُ, (S, A, Msb, K,) and (of the latter, S, Msb) عِقَصٌ, (S, O, Msb, K,) and (of the former also, S, Msb, and of the latter also, S, TA) عِقَاصٌ, (S, O, Msb, K,) of which A'Obeyd cites the following ex. in a verse of Imra-el-Keys: غَدَائِرُهُ مُسْتَشْزِرَاتٌ إِلَى العُلَى

تَضِلُّ العِقَاصُ فِى مُثَنًّى وَمُرْسَلِ [Its pendent locks being twisted upwards, the twists becoming concealed among hair doubled and hair made to hang down]: or, as some say, it [عقاص] signifies what a woman makes, of her hair, like a pomegranate; each lock of which is termed عَقِيصَةٌ; the pl. being عِقَاصٌ and عَقَائِصُ. (S, O.) [See also عِقَاصٌ as expl. by IAar, above.] عِقَاصٌ is also used in the sense of ذَوَائِبُ [or Locks of hair hanging down loosely from the middle of the head to the back]. (Mgh. [But this is said in relation to an instance of its occurrence in which it may with propriety be regarded as pl. of عَقِيصَةٌ or عِقْصَةٌ in any of the senses before explained.]) عِقِّيصٌ: see عَقِصٌ, last sentence, in two places.

عَيْقَصٌ: see عَقِصٌ, last sentence.

أَعْقَصُ A goat (S, O, Msb, K) or sheep (Msb) whose horns are twisted, or contorted, upon his ears, (S, O, Msb, K,) backwards: (S, O, K:) fem. عَقْصَآءُ: (Msb:) or عَقْصَآءُ القَرْنِ signifies a شَاة [i. e. sheep or goat] having a twisting, or contortion, in the horn: (A:) and ↓ مِعْقَاصٌ, a sheep or goat crooked in the horn. (K.) b2: Also Having the fingers twisting, one upon another. (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K.) b3: And Whose central incisors enter into his mouth, (O, K, TA,) and are twisted. (TA.) b4: See also عَقِصٌ, last sentence.

مِعْقَصٌ A crooked arrow: (S, O, K:) and, (K,) or accord. to As, (TA,) an arrow of which the head breaks, and its tongue, or tang, remaining therein, is extracted, and beaten until it becomes long, and then restored in its place; (K, TA;) but it does not perfectly serve in its stead: (TA:) pl. مَعَاقِصُ. (S.) مِعْقَاصٌ: see أَعْقَصُ. b2: See also مِعْفَاصٌ.

عسف

1 عَسَفَ فِى الأَمْرِ, (Msb,) [aor. ـِ inf. n. عَسْفٌ, (TA,) He did the affair [or he acted in it] without consideration; (Msb, TA; *) and ↓ تعسّف and ↓ اعتسف have the like meaning: (Msb, * TA:) whence what next follows. (Msb.) b2: عَسَفَ الطَّرِيقَ He travelled the road not following a right direction: (Msb:) [or you say,] عَسَفَ عَنِ الطَّرِيقِ, (O, K,) aor. ـِ (K,) inf. n. عَسْفٌ; (TA;) and ↓ اعتسف, and ↓ تعسّف; (O, K;) he declined from the road, (O, K, TA,) and journeyed without direction and without pursuing a right course: (TA:) or عَسَفَ الطَّرِيقَ (K, * TA) he travelled the road, (K, TA,) seeking an object of want, (TA,) without direction: (K, TA:) and ↓ اعتسفهُ, and ↓ تعسّفه, he travelled it without aiming at and hitting upon a right course: (TA:) and عَسَفَ الفَلَاةَ, (Mgh,) or المَفَازَةَ, inf. n. as above, (TA,) he traversed, or crossed, the desert, or waterless desert, without direction, (Mgh, TA,) and without any travelled road; as also ↓ اعتسفها: (Mgh:) or عَسْفٌ signifies the taking a course not along the road, (S, IAth, O, TA,) and without knowledge: (IAth, TA:) this is said by IAth to be the primary meaning: (TA:) or, accord. to IDrd, the primary meaning is the travelling the road without direction: (O:) and ↓ الاِعْتِسَافُ signifies the taking a course at random, without direction and without knowledge. (Ham p. 613.) And one says, بَاتَ يَعْسِفُ اللَّيْلَ, inf. n. as above, He passed the night journeying therein without direction, seeking a thing. (Msb.) And عَسْفٌ [alone] signifies The going round about by night seeking an object of quest, or desire. (O, K.) [See also 2, and 4.]

b3: Hence, i. e. from the frequent usage of the verb in its primary sense, عَسَفَ فُلَانٌ فُلَانًا, meaning Such a one treated, or used, such a one wrongfully, unjustly, injuriously, or tyrannically; (O;) as also ↓ تعسّفهُ: (O, * K:) and عَسَفَ السُّلْطَانُ (O, K) i. e. [The Sultán, or ruling power,] acted wrongfully, unjustly, &c.: (K:) inf. n. as above. (IAth, Mgh, TA.) b4: And [hence,] عَسَفَ فُلَانَةَ He violated such a woman. (TA.) b5: And الدَّمْعُ يَعْسِفُ الجُفُونَ (assumed tropical:) The tears are copious so that they flow in other than their [proper] channels. (A, TA.) b6: And عَسَفَهُ, aor. and inf. n. as above, He took him, or it, with strength, or force. (Msb.) b7: And عَسَفَهُ He took him as a servant, (O, K, TA,) or an عَسِيف; (TA;) as also ↓ اعتسفهُ. (O, K, TA.) b8: عَسَفَ عَلَيْهِ and لَهُ He worked, or wrought, for him [as a hired servant]. (K.) One says, كَمْ أَعْسِفُ عَلَيْكَ (O) or لَكَ (TA) i. e. [How long shall I] work for thee, (O, TA,) and earn, or gain, for thee, going repeatedly to and fro for thee like him who goes round about in the night seeking an object of quest, or desire? (TA.) b9: And عَسَفَ ضَيْعَتَهُمْ, (K,) aor. as above, (O,) He kept, minded, or managed, their estate, and ordered its affairs in their stead, (O, K, TA,) and went to and fro occupied in that which should put it [or keep it] in a good, or right, state. (TA.) A2: عَسْفٌ signifies also The breathing of death, (O, K.) And عَسَفَ, (O, K,) aor. ـِ inf. n. عَسْفٌ (O, TA) and عُسُوفٌ, (TA,) said of a camel, (O, K,) He was at the point of death, and had [the affection, or disease, termed] عُسَاف: or, as some say, he had the affection, or disease, termed غُدَّة [q.v.]: (O:) or he was at the point of death by reason of the [affection, or disease, termed] غُدَّة, and began to breathe [or pant] so that his حَنْجَرَة [or head of the windpipe] became convulsed. (K.) [See also عَزَفَ.]2 تَعْسِيفٌ The journeying without any sign of the way and without track; (TA;) and so ↓ تَعَسُّفٌ. (TA in art. سمت: see a verse cited in the first paragraph of that art.) [See also 1, and 4.]

A2: عسّفهُ, inf. n. as above, He fatigued, or jaded, him, (O, K, TA,) namely, his camel, (O, TA,) by journeying. (TA.) 4 اعسف He journeyed by night, [going at random, in a headstrong and reckless manner,] like the weak-sighted she-camel that beats the ground with her fore feet as she goes along, not guarding herself from anything. (IAar, O, K, TA.) [See also 1, and 2.] b2: And He punished his young man with hard work. (IAar, O, K.) A2: Also He (a man, O) had his camel taken with the breathing of death, (IAar, O, K,) termed العَسْف. (IAar, O.) A3: And He kept to drinking from the large cup or bowl [termed عَسْف]. (IAar, O, K.) 5 تَعَسَّفَ see 1, first quarter, in three places: and see 2. b2: تَعَسُّفٌ in language is from عَسَفَ الفَلَاةَ, [and the like,] expl. above: (Mgh:) it signifies [in its general application The using, or use of, a discommendable license in language: and particularly vague, or vagueness of, expression; or] the making language to accord with [or to hear] a meaning which it does not plainly indicate. (KT.) b3: See also 1, third quarter. b4: [Hence,] one says, وَقَعَ عَلَيْهِ السَّيْفُ فَتَعَسَّفَهُ i. e. [The sword fell upon him, and] hit the bone that was the main stay of the limb, falling short of the joint. (TA.) 7 انعسف It bent, or inclined; syn. انعطف. (O, K.) Hence, (TA,) Aboo-Wejzeh says, ↓ وَاسْتَيْقَنَتْ أَنَّ الصَّلِيفَ مُنْعَسِفْ meaning [And she knew, or became sure, that] the side of the week [was bending, or inclining]. (O, TA.) 8 إِعْتَسَفَ see 1, in six places.

عَسْفٌ [inf. n. of 1, q. v. passim.

A2: Also] A large drinking-cup or bowl; (S, O, K, TA;) like عُسٌّ: pl. عُسُوفٌ. (TA.) عَسَفَاتٌ: see what next follows.

عُسَافٌ, in a camel, as expl. by As on the authority of an Arab of the desert, is [The suffering experienced] when the حَنْجَرَة [or bead of the windpipe] is convulsed (تَرْجُفُ, O, or تَقْمُصُ, i. e. تَرْجُفُ, S) by the breathing (S, O) at death: (O) they say that it is to camels like نِزَاعٌ to man. (TA.) One says of a she-camel, بِهَا عُسَافٌ (O, K) and ↓ عَسَفَاتٌ, (K,) meaning In her is the suffering expl. above: (O:) or the [affection, or disease, termed] غُدَّة (O, K) occasioning her to be at the point of death and to breathe [or pant] so that her حَنْجَرَة is convulsed. (K.) عَسُوفٌ Travelling without following a right direction; [as also ↓ عَاسِفٌ; and, app., in like manner, ↓ عِسِّيفٌ, but in an intensive sense, occurring in a verse of Esh-Shenfarà, (see Dc Sacy 's Chrest. Ar., see. ed., ii. 359-60,) but not found by me in any of the lexicons:] pl. عُسُفٌ, like as رُسُلٌ is pl. of رَسُولٌ. (Msb.) Applied to a she-camel as meaning That goes along at random, heedlessly, or in a headlong manner, not obeying a guide to the right course, and that is not turned by anything. (TA.) b2: And [hence,] Acting wrongfully, unjustly, injuriously, or tyrannically; syn. جَائِرٌ: (TA:) or one who acts wrongfully, &c., much, or often; syn. ظَلُومٌ: (S, Mgh, O, * K, TA:) and ↓ عَسَّافٌ also has the former [or rather the latter] meaning. (TA.) b3: And One who takes with strength, or force; and so, but in an intensive sense, ↓ عَسَّافٌ. (Msb.) عَسِيفٌ A hired man; a hireling: (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K:) or a slave who is held in light, or mean, estimation, or in contempt: (O, L, TA:) in the K, المُسْتَعَانُ بِهِ is erroneously put for المُسْتَهَانُ بِهِ, the reading in the O and L: (TA:) a poet says, (O,) namely, Nubeyh Ibn-El-Hajjáj, (TA,) أَطَعْتُ النَّفْسَ فِى الشَّهَوَاتِ حَتَّى

أَعَادَتْنِى عَسِيفًا عَبْدَ عَبْدِ [I obeyed the soul in respect of appetites until it rendered me a despised bondman, a slave of a slave]: (O, TA:) it is of the measure فَعِيلٌ in the sense of the measure فَاعِلٌ, from عَسَفَ لَهُ meaning “ he worked for him; ” or in the sense of the measure مَفْعُولٌ, from عَسَفَهُ meaning “ he took him as a servant: ” (K: [and the like is said in the O:]) pl. عُسَفَآءُ (S, Mgh, O, Msb) and عِسَفَةٌ, which latter is غَيْرُ قِيَاسِىٍّ and غَيْرُ مَقِيسٍ or شَاذٌّ or نَادِرٌ">anomalous. (TA.) عَسَّافٌ: see عَسُوفٌ, last two sentences.

عِسِّيفٌ: see عَسُوفٌ, first sentence.

عَاسِفٌ: see عَسُوفٌ.

A2: Also, applied to a she-camel, (Aboo-Yoosuf, S, O, K,) without ة, (O,) as well as to a he-camel, (TA,) At the point of death, and having [the affection, or disease, termed]

عُسَاف: or, as some say, having the affection, or disease, termed غُدَّة [q. v.]: (O:) or at the point of death by reason of the غُدَّة, and beginning to breathe [or pant] (Aboo-Yoosuf, S, K) so that the حَنْجَرَة [or head of the windpipe] becomes convulsed. (K.) هُوَ رَاكِبُ التَّعَاسِيفِ means He is one who has no known place of aim, or pursuit: (Msb in art. ركب:) the last word is app. pl. of تَعْسَافٌ, which is of a form common to triliteral-radical verbs, in general. (Msb in the present art.) مَعْسِفٌ A place in which one travels without direction: (O, TA:) [in which is no sign of the way nor any track: pl. مَعَاسِفُ:] one says, أَخَذُوا فِى مَعَاسِفِ البِيدِ [They took their way in the tracts of the deserts, or of the waterless deserts, in which one travels without direction]. (TA.) مَعْسُوفَةٌ, applied to a woman, Violated. (TA.) مُنْعَسِفٌ part. n. of 7, q. v. (O, TA.)

علف

1 عَلَفَ الدَّابَّةَ, (S, Mgh, O, Msb,) aor. ـِ (O, Msb, TA,) inf. n. عَلْفٌ; (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K;) and ↓ اعلفها, (Mgh, Msb,) inf. n. إِعْلَافٌ; (K;) He fed the beast (S, * Mgh, O, * Msb, * K) with عَلَف [i. e. fodder, or provender], (S, * Mgh, O, * Msb,) [i. e. he foddered the beast,] in the مِعْلَف [or manger]: (Mgh:) or ↓ the latter signifies he repaired to it often, putting عَلَف for it. (TA.) Fr cites the following verse: عَلَفْتُهَا تِبْنًا وَمَآءً بَارِدًا حَتَّى شَتَتْ هَمَّالَةً عَيْنَاهَا [meaning I fed her with straw, and gave her to drink cool water, so that she passed the winter with her eyes flowing abundantly with tears]: (S, O:) i. e. وَسَقَيْتُهَا مَآءً. (S.) b2: And عَلْفٌ signifies also The drinking much. (AA, O, K.) [Accord. to the TK, one says, عَلَفَهُ, aor. ـِ inf. n. عَلْفٌ, meaning He drank it much.]2 عَلَّفَ see the next paragraph, in two places.

A2: [Accord. to Golius, علّف signifies He fed well with fodder: but for this he mentions no authority.]4 أَعْلَفَ see 1, in two places.

A2: اعلف الطَّلْحُ The [trees called] طلح put forth their عُلَّف [q. v.]; (S, O, K;) as also ↓ علّف; but this is extr., for a verb of this meaning is [regularly] of the measure أَفْعَلَ only: (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K:) accord. to AA, as AHn states in mentioning the حُبْلَة, (O, TA,) ↓ علّف, (O, K,) inf. n. تَعْلِيفٌ, (K,) signifies they scattered their blossoms, and organized and compacted their fruit [i. e. their pods with the seeds therein]; expl. by تَنَاثَرَ وَرْدُهُ وَعَقَدَ [meaning عَقَدَ الثَّمَرَ]; (O, K;) like أَحْبَلَ. (O.) 5 تعلّف He sought عَلَف [i. e. fodder, or provender,] repeatedly, or leisurely, in the places in which it was thought, or known, usually to be. (Mgh.) 8 تَعْتَلِفُ, said of a beast, (دَابَّة, O,) It eats (O, TA) [fodder, or provender, or] green herbage. (TA in art. ربع.) b2: And اُعْتُلِفَ [perhaps a mistranscription for اِعْتَلَفَ] (tropical:) He was a great eater. (TA.) 10 استعلفت الدَّابَّةُ The beast [meaning horse] sought, or demanded, عَلَف [i. e. fodder, or provender,] by neighing. (O, K.) عِلْفٌ A great eater; one who eats much; (AA, O, K;) as also ↓ مُعْتَلَفٌ [perhaps a mistranscription for ↓ مُعْتَلِفٌ, but see 8]. (TA.) A2: Also A certain tree, or plant, (شَجَرَةٌ,) of ElYemen, the leaves of which are like [those of] the grape [-vine]: they are pressed [app. in the nosebags of horses, the TA here inserting فى المخابى, for which I read فى المَخَالِى, and it is there added وَيُسَوَّى, app. as meaning and made into a flat mass,] and dried, and flesh-meat is cooked therewith instead of with vinegar; (K;) and they [i. e. the leaves] are used as a ضِمَاد [or dressing for wounds] (وَيُضَمَّدُ بِهِ). (K accord. to the TA. [But in the place of these words, the CK and my MS. copy of the K have وَبِضَمٍّ, as relating to a form of the pl. of عَلُوفَةٌ, there mentioned in the next sentence.]) عَلَفٌ is for beasts, or horses and the like; (S, O;) a word of well-known meaning; (K;) i. e. Fodder, or provender for beasts; (KL;) food of cattle, or of animals, (TA,) or of quadrupeds; (MA;) food with which the beast is fed (Mgh, Msb *) in the مِعْلَف [or manger]: (Mgh:) accord. to ISh, applied to herbs, or leguminous plants, both fresh and dry: (TA voce حَشِيشٌ:) said by ISd to be the قَضِيم [generally meaning barley] of the beast: (TA in the present art.:) [see also عَلُوفَةٌ:] pl. [of mult.] عِلَافٌ (S, O, Msb, K) and عُلُوفَةٌ (Mgh, O, K) and [of pauc.] أَعْلَافٌ. (O, K.) See also عَلَفَةٌ. b2: [Hence,] one says, هُمْ عَلَفُ السِّلَاحِ وَجَزَرُ السِّبَاعِ (assumed tropical:) [They are the provender of the weapons, and the flesh that is food of the beasts, or birds, of prey]. (TA.) عَلَفَةٌ The food, or victuals, of soldiers; as also ↓ عُلُوفَةٌ [which is a pl. of ↓ عَلَفٌ, or perhaps it is correctly ↓ عَلُوفَةٌ, which is expl. by Golius as meaning a stipend, peculiarly of a soldier]. (KL.) العَلْفَى, from عَلَفٌ, What a man assigns, on the occasion of the reaping of his barley, to a guardian [thereof] from the birds, or to a friend. (El-Hejeree, TA.) عَلِيفٌ, (K, TA,) applied to a sheep or goat (شَاة), (TA,) i. q. ↓ مَعْلُوفَةٌ [i. e. Fed with fodder, or provender; foddered]: (K, TA:) accord. to Az, applied to a ram; and having for its pl. عَلَائِفُ: and expl. by Lh as meaning tied up, and fed with fodder, or provender; not sent forth to pasture where it pleases, nor led to pasture. (TA.) [See also عَلُوفَةٌ.]

عِلَافَةٌ The seeking, and buying, and bringing, of عَلَف [i. e. fodder, or provender for beasts]. (Mgh.) عَلُوفَةٌ A sheep or goat and other animal, and sheep or goats and other animals, fed with fodder, or provender: (Mgh, Msb:) or, as also ↓ عَلِيفَةٌ, a sheep or goat (شَاة), and a she-camel, fed with fodder, or provender, and not sent forth to pasture; (S, O, K, TA;) in order that it may become fat, (TA,) by means of the fodder collected: (Az, TA:) the pl. of each is عَلَائِفُ, accord. to Lh: or the pl. of the former is عُلُفٌ and عَلَائِفُ: (TA:) accord. to Lth, they said عَلُوفَةُ الدَّوَابِّ, as though the former word were a pl.; and it is more properly to be regarded as a pl. (O.) [See also عَلِيفٌ.] b2: Also The food of the beast: pl. عُلُفٌ (K, TA) [and accord. to the CK and my MS. copy of the K عُلْفٌ also; but see what is said above, voce عِلْفٌ, respecting this latter]. [See also عَلَفٌ.] And see عَلَفَةٌ.

عُلُوفَةٌ: see عَلَفَة.

عَلِيفَةٌ: see عَلُوفَةٌ.

عِلَافِىٌّ [for رَحْلٌ عِلَافِىٌّ], (S, O,) and رِحَالٌ عِلَافِيَّةٌ, (S, O, K,) A camel's saddle, (S, O,) and camels' saddles, [of a particular sort,] so called in relation to عِلَافٌ (S, O, K) the son of حُلْوَان, (O, TA,) in the K, erroneously, طُوَار, (TA,) a man of Kudá'ah, (S, O,) because he was the first maker thereof; (O, K;) or, (K,) accord. to Lth, (O,) the largest of رِحَال in the [hinder part and the fore part which are called] آخِرَة [in the CK اَخَرَة] and وَاسِط: in a verse of Homeyd Ibn-Thowr, ↓ العُلَيْفِىّ occurs as an abbreviated dim. [of العِلَافِىّ]: (O, K:) the pl. of عِلَافِيَّةٌ is عِلَافِيَّاتٌ. (O.) العُلَيْفِىّ: see what next precedes.

عُلَّفٌ The fruit of the [trees called] طَلْح, which resembles the fresh bean, (S, O, K,) and upon which, when they come forth, the camels pasture: (S, O:) or the pods, or receptacles of the fruit, thereof: (TA:) [i. e.] the fruit of the طلح when it succeeds the بَرَمَة; resembling the [kidney-bean called]

لُوبِيَآء: (IAar, TA:) the n. un. is عُلَّفَةٌ: (S, O, K:) AHn says that this is like the great Syrian carob (خَرُّوَبَة [n. un. of خَرُّوب q. v.]), except that it is bigger, and in it are grains like lupines, of a tawny colour, upon which the cattle pasturing at their pleasure feed, but which men eat not save in case of necessity: and the like thereof in size, of the fruit of the عِضَاه, is also termed عُلَّفٌ: what is smaller than it, like the fruit of the سَلَم and of the سَمُر and of the عُرْفُط, is [properly] termed حُبْلَة: the عُلَّف are long, and expanded, or extended: (O:) [it is also said that] عُلَّفٌ signifies the fruit of the أَرَاك. (Ham p. 196.) عَلَّافٌ A seller of عَلَف [i. e. fodder, or provender for beasts]: (O, K:) and ↓ عَلَّافَةٌ [as a coll. gen. n.] signifies [sellers thereof: or] possessors of عَلَف: and seekers thereof. (Mgh.) شَيْخٌ عِلَّوْفٌ An old man very aged. (Lth, O, K.) عَلَّافَةٌ: see عَلَّافٌ. b2: Also A place in which عَلَف [i. e. fodder] is produced: like مَلَّاحَةٌ signifying “ a place in which salt is generated. ” (Mgh.) علْفُوفٌ (applied to a man, S, O) Coarse, rough, rude, or churlish, and advanced in age: (Yaa-koob, S, O, K:) and in this sense also applied to a woman: (TA:) or, thus applied, it signifies old, or aged. (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K, TA.) And An old man, fleshy, and having much hair: (K, TA: [in the CK, المُشْعَرَانِىُّ is put for الشَّعْرَانِىُّ:]) or, accord. to Az, شَيْخٌ عُلْفُوفٌ signifies an old man having much flesh and hair. (O.) And it is also expl. as signifying A man in whom is negligence. (TA.) b2: Also, applied to a horse, Generous, or high-bred, or a male, or a stallion, large, big, or bulky; syn. حِصَانٌ ضَخْمٌ. (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K. *) b3: And, applied to a goat, Having much hair. (TA.) b4: And نَاقَةٌ عُلْفُوفُ السَّنَامِ A she-camel having the hump much enveloped with fur [so I render مُلَفَّفَتُهُ (see art. لف)], as though wrapped with a كِسَآء. (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K.) مَعْلُفٌ: see what next follows.

مِعْلَفٌ, (S, Mgh, O,) with kesr (S, Mgh) to the م; (Mgh;) or ↓ مَعْلَفٌ, like مَقْعَدٌ; (K;) [A manger; thus called in the present day; i. e.] a place of عَلَف [i. e. fodder, or provender for beasts]: (S, Mgh, O, K:) [pl. مَعَالِفُ.] b2: [Hence,] المِعْلَفُ, (Ibn-'Abbád, O,) or المَعْلَفُ, (K,) is the name of Certain stars, disposed in a round form, [but] separate; (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K;) also called الخِبَآءُ: (Ibn-'Abbád, O:) [the latter appellation is app. wrongly identified in the TA in art. خبى with الأَخْبِيةُ: what is here meant seems to be the group of stars called by our astronomers Præsepe; agreeably with the former appellation, and with the following statement:] in the مجسطى, [i. e.

المِجِسْطِى, (thus the Arabs term the great work of Ptolemy, which we, imitating them, commonly call “ Almagest,”)] النَّثْرَة (in Cancer) is mentioned by the name of المعلف: (Kzw, descr. of Cancer:) [but it is also said that] the Arabs thus call the seven stars that compose the constellation البَاطِيَة [i. e. Crater]. (Kzw, descr. of Crater.) b3: [Accord. to Golius, مِعْلَفٌ signifies also A bag for fodder, which, with fodder, is hung on the neck of a beast.]

مُعَلَّفَةٌ Fattened; applied to a شَاة [i. e. sheep or goat]; (Lth, O, K;) with teshdeed because of its owner's frequent and continual attention to it. (Lth, O.) مَعْلُوفَةٌ: see عَلِيفٌ.

مُعْتَلَفٌ: see عِلْفٌ.

مُعْتَلَفٌ: see عِلْفٌ. b2: المُعْتَلِفَةُ is a metaphorical appellation applied to The midwife. (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K.)

عنف

1 عَنُفَ بِهِ (S, MA, Mgh, O, Msb, K) and عَلَيْهِ, (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K,) with damm, (S, O,) like قَرُبَ, (Mgh, Msb,) or like كَرُمَ, (K,) aor. ـُ (MA, TA,) inf. n. عُنْفٌ (S, * MA, Mgh, O, * Msb, TA) and عَنَافَةٌ; (MA, Mgh, TA;) and عَنِفَ بِهِ, aor. ـَ (MA;) [and عَنَفَ, inf. n. عَنْفٌ, is mentioned as syn. with عَنُفَ by Golius and Freytag, by the latter as on the authority of the S and K, in neither of which do I find it;] He was ungentle, rough, harsh, rigorous, severe, violent, or vehement, with him, or to him: (S, MA, Mgh, O, Msb, K, TA:) hence the phrase, عَنُفَ عَلَيْهِمْ فِى السَّوْقِ [He was ungentle, rough, &c., to them in driving]: (Mgh:) and ↓ عنّفهُ and عنّف عَلَيْهِ signify the same as عَنُفَ بِهِ: (MA:) you say عَنَّفْتُهُ, inf. n. تَعْنِيفٌ; and ↓ أَعْنَفْتُهُ; (Lth, O, K;) both meaning عَنُفْتُ عَلَيْهِ; (TK; [and the same is implied in the K;]) both from العُنْفُ: (Lth, O:) or ↓ التَّعْنِيفُ signifies the upbraiding, or reproaching; and blaming, reproving, or censuring: (S, O:) you say عنّفهُ, inf. n. تَعْنِيفٌ, (Msb, K, TA,) meaning he blamed, reproved, or censured, him; (Msb;) or did so with roughness or harshness, and vehemence; (K, TA;) omitted in some of the copies of the K; (TA;) or did so in anger or displeasure; (Msb;) upbraided, or reproached, him; blamed, reproved, or censured, him with reproach. (TA.) 2 عَنَّفَ see the preceding paragraph, in two places.4 أَعْنَفَ see 1. b2: اعنف الشَّىْءَ He took the thing (أَخَذَهُ [or this may mean he took to it, or set about it,]) with violence, or vehemence. (TA.) [See also 8, in two places. b3: In Har p. 386, اعنفت الشىء is expl. as meaning ايتنفته اذا استقبلته: but in the lexicons I find only اعتنفته in this sense.]5 تعنّف is expl. by Golius as signifying Incommodè et imperitè aggressus fuit rem, et incepit; on the authority of the S: but it is اعتنف that has this, or a similar, meaning.]8 اِعْتَنَفْتُ الأَمْرَ I took to, or set about, the affair (أَخَذْتُهُ [for أَخَذْتُ فِيهِ or أَخَذْتُ أَفْعَلُهُ]) with ungentleness, roughness, violence, or vehemence. (S, O, Msb, K, TA. [See also 4.]) I entered into, engaged in, did, or performed, the affair, (أَتَيْتُهُ,) not having knowledge in it: (O, K, TA:) or (K) I was ignorant of the affair; (O, K, TA;) and found it troublesome, or difficult, and hard, to do; (TA;) whence the saying (O, TA) of Ru-beh, (TA,) بِأَرْبَعٍ لَا يَعْتَنِفْنَ العَنَقَا [With four legs not ignorant of the pace termed عَنَق]: (O, TA:) and [simply] I had no knowledge in the affair: (O:) and اعتنفت الشَّىْءَ I took to, or set about, the thing, (أَخَذْتُهُ [as above],) or I entered into, engaged in, did, or performed, the thing, (أَتَيْتُهُ,) not being skilled, nor having knowledge, in it. (TA. (See, again, 4.]) b2: Also [simply] I began, or commenced, the affair: (O, * K:) some of the Benoo-Temeem use the phrase [thus] in the sense of اِئْتَنَفْتُهُ: (Lth, O, TA:) an instance of العَنْعَنَةُ. (TA.) See also عُنْفَة. b3: And اِعْتَنَفْنَا المَرَاعِىَ We pastured [our cattle] upon the herbage that had not been pastured upon before, of the pasturages: (O, K: but the latter has اعتنف in the place of اعتنفنا:) an instance of the عَنْعَنَة of Temeem. (O.) b4: And اعتنف المَجْلِسَ He removed from the sitting-place; (K, TA;) like اِئْتَنَفَ: (TA:) Esh-Sháfi'ee, after recommending that a man when he is drowsy in the sitting-place [in the mosque] on Friday, and finds another sitting-place without his treading therein upon any one, should remove from it, says, وَاعْتِنَافُ المَجْلِسِ مَا يَذْعَرُ عَنْهُ النَّوْمَ [i. e. and the removing from the sitting-place is a cause of scaring from him sleep]: making الاِعْتِنَافُ to be the putting himself in motion, and removing from place to place; which is like الاِئْتِنَاف [or the beginning, or commencing, anew]. (Az, O.) b5: اِعْتَنَفْتُ الطَّعَامَ I disapproved, or disliked, the food that I had eaten; (El-Báhilee, O, K, * TA;) it disagreeing with me. (Az, TA.) And اِعْتَنَفْتُ الأَرْضَ I disliked the land, (S, O, K, TA,) and deemed it insalubrious. (TA.) And اِعْتَنَفَتْنِى

البِلَادُ, (O,) or الأَرْضُ, (K,) The country, or the land, disagreed with me, or was unsuitable to me. (O, K.) b6: اعتنف الطَّرِيقُ [perhaps اُعْتُنِفَ (see the part. n.)] The road swerved from the right course. (TA.) عَنْفٌ: see the next paragraph.

A2: هُمْ يَخْرُجُونَ عَنْفًا عَنْفًا means [They go forth one after another, or] first and then first; as also ↓ عُنْفُوَانًا. (O, K.) عُنْفٌ (S, Mgh, O, K, &c.) and ↓ عَنْفٌ and ↓ عِنْفٌ [the first of which is an inf. n.] Ungentleness, roughness, harshness, rigorousness, severity, violence, or vehemence; (TA;) contr. of رِفْقٌ. (S, Mgh, O, K, TA.) It is said of God, in a trad., يُعْطِى عَلَى الرِّفْقِ مَا لَا يُعْطِى عَلَى العُنْفِ [He gives on account of gentleness in the petitioner, what He will not give on account of ungentleness]. (O.) عِنْفٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

عَنِفٌ: see عَنِيفٌ.

عُنُفٌ, with two dammehs, Roughness, and hardness: so expl. by Lh as used in the saying, فَقَذَفَتْ بِبَيْضَةٍ فِيهَا عُنُفْ [And she cast forth an egg in which were roughness and hardness]. (TA.) كَانَ ذٰلِكَ مِنَّا عُنْفَةً, and ↓ عُنُفَةً, i. q. ↓ اِعْتِنَافًا, meaning اِئْتِنَافًا [i. e. That was, on our part, a beginning, or commencing]. (Ks, O, K.) عَنَفَةٌ A thing [app. a wheel] which, being smitten [or put in motion] by water, turns a mill. (AA, O, K.) b2: And The space between two lines of corn, or seed-produce. (AA, O, K.) عُنُفَة: see عُنْفَة.

عَنِيفٌ Ungentle, [rough, harsh, rigorous, severe, violent, or vehement,] (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K, TA,) in his affair; as also ↓ عَنْفٌ and ↓ أَعْنَفُ and ↓ مُعْتَنِفٌ; (TA;) [thus] as applied to a driver; (Mgh;) [and particularly] in the riding of horses; (S, O, K;) or who does not ride well; or who is not acquainted with the riding of horses: (TA:) pl. عُنُفٌ. (S, O.) And Hard, severe, violent, or vehement, applied to a saying, (O, K,) and to journeying, or a pace. (K.) عُنْفُوٌّ: see عُنْفُوَانٌ.

عُنْفُوَةٌ Such as is dried up of the [plant called]

نَصِىّ, (TA in this art.,) or of the حَلِىّ, when it has become black, and old and withered, or wasted. (TA in art. عنث.) عُنْفُوَانٌ, (S, O, Msb, K,) of the measure فُعْلُوَانٌ from العُنْفُ, or it may be originally أُنْفُوَانٌ, having the أ then changed into ع, (TA,) or it is from اِعْتَنَفْتُ الشَّىْءَ meaning “ I began, or commenced, the thing,” (Ham p. 269,) and ↓ عُنْفُوٌّ also, (Ibn-'Abbád, TA,) The first of a thing: (S, O, Msb, K:) or the first of the beauty and brightness thereof: (Lth, O, K:) and (S, O, TA) predominantly (TA) of youth, or youthfulness, and of plants, or herbage. (S, O, TA.) You say, هُوَ فِى عُنْفُوَانِ شَبَابِهِ [He is in the prime, spring, or bloom, of his youth]. (S, O, Msb.) b2: See also عَنْفٌ. b3: عُنْفُوَانٌ also signifies The juice that flows from grapes without their being pressed. (TA.) b4: And The force, or strength, of wine. (TA.) أَعْنَفُ: see عَنِيفٌ.

مُعْتَنَفٌ: see the next paragraph.

مُعْتَنِفٌ: see عَنِيفٌ. b2: إِبِلٌ مُعْتَنِفَةٌ Camels in a district, or country, that disagrees with them, or is unsuitable to them. (S, O, K. *) b3: And طَرْيقٌ مُعْتَنِفٌ, (K,) or ↓ مُعْتَنَفٌ, (so in the O,) A road swerving from the right course. (O, K.)