فغم

1 فَغَمَهُ الطِيبُ, (S, K,) aor. ـَ inf. n. فَغْمٌ and فُغُومٌ, (K,) The perfume stopped the air-passages of his nose. (S, K.) b2: And فَغَمَتِ الرَّائِحَةُ السُّدَّةَ The odour opened the obstruction of the nose: thus the verb has two contr. significations. (K.) b3: See also a trad. cited in art. فعم, conj. 4.

A2: فَغَمَ said of a rose, or flower, (S, TA,) aor. ـَ inf. n. فُغُومٌ, (TA,) It opened; as also ↓ تفغّم. (S, TA.) A3: فَغَمَ, (S, K, TA,) inf. n. فَغْمٌ; (TA;) and ↓ فاغم, (S, * K, TA,) inf. n. فِغَامٌ (S, TA) and مُفَاغَمَةٌ; (S;) He kissed (S, K, TA) him, or it, (S,) or a woman. (K, TA.) b2: And فَغَمَ said of a kid, (K, TA,) inf. n. فَغْمٌ, (TA,) He sucked (K, TA) the dug of his mother. (TA.) A4: فَغِمَ بِهِ, (S, K,) aor. ـَ (K,) inf. n. فَغَمٌ, (S,) He was, or became, attached to it, fond of it, or eagerly desirous of it. (S, K.) And فَغَمٌ الكَلْبِ signifies The dog's being attached, or accustomed, or habituated, to the chase. (TA.) b2: And فَغِمَ بِالمَكَانِ, (K, TA,) inf. n. فَغَمٌ, (TA,) He resided, stayed, dwelt, or abode, in the place; and kept, or clave, to it; (K, TA;) not quitting it. (TA.) 3 فَاْغَمَ see the preceding paragraph.4 افغم He filled a vessel: (K:) and so افعم. (TA.) b2: And It filled its place with its odour; (K;) as also افعم [q. v.]. (TA.) 5 تَفَغَّمَ see 1.7 انفغم, said of a زُكَام [or defluxion from the head], It was, or became, removed, cleared away, or dispelled; syn. اِنْفَرَجَ; (K;) as also ↓ افتغم. (TA.) 8 إِفْتَغَمَ see what next precedes.

فَغْمٌ What one extracts from the interstices of his teeth, (K, TA,) of what has clung thereto. (TA.) It is said in a trad., كُلُوا الوَغْمَ وَاطْرَحُوا الفَغْمَ [Eat ye the وغم and throw ye away the فغم]; in which, accord. to IAth, by the فغم is meant what is expl. above; and by the وغم, what falls, portion after portion, of the food: but some, he adds, say that the converse is the case. (TA.) فُغْمٌ and ↓ فُغُمٌ The mouth, altogether: or the chin with the two lateral portions of its jaw; (K, TA; [i. e. بِلَحْيَيْهِ; for which the CK has بلِحْيَتِهِ;]) and so فُقْمٌ: (TA:) or, accord. to Sh, فُغْمٌ signifies the nose: but accord. to Kr, it is ↓ فَغْمٌ that has this meaning. (TA.) أَخَذَ بِفُغْمِهِ, a phrase mentioned by Az, is expl. as meaning He took hold of his chin together with the two lateral portions of its jaw: or, accord. to Sh, it means he took hold of his nose: (TA:) or it means (assumed tropical:) he distressed, afflicted, troubled, or molested, him. (K, TA.) فَغَمٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

هُوَ فَغِمٌ بِهِ (S, TA) and بِهِ ↓ مُفْغَمٌ (K, TA) He is attached to it, fond of it, or eagerly desirous of it. (S, K, TA.) And كَلْبٌ فَغِمٌ عَلَى الصَّيْدِ [A dog attached, &c., or accustomed, or habituated, (see 1,) to the chase]: (S:) or كَلْبٌ فَغِمٌ [alone] a dog eagerly desirous of the chase. (TA.) فُغُمٌ: see فُغْمٌ.

فَغْمَةُ الطِّيبِ The odour of perfume: (S, TA:) and so فَغْوَتُهُ. (TA.) And فَغْمَةُ رِيحِ الخَمْرِ The fragrance of the odour of wine]. (Z, TA voce عَصْفَةٌ.) مُفْغُومٌ: see فَغِمٌ.

مَفْغُومٌ A thing perfumed with aromatics. (TA.) A2: And [A man] affected with a زُكَام [or defluxion from the head]. (TA.)

لعب

1 لَعِبَ, aor. ـَ inf. n. لَعِبٌ (which is the original [and most common] form, TA) and لِعْبٌ (S, K: the latter of these inf. ns. contracted from the former, Msb) and لَعْبٌ (K: also contracted from the first: not heard by IKt; but authorized by Mekkee, and, accord. to him, agreeable with a constant rule, applicable in the case of any word of a similar measure having a guttural letter as its medial radical, whether a noun or verb: (TA:) and أُلْعُوبَةٌ (S, K) and تَلْعَابٌ; (K; but this last has an intensive, or a frequentative, signification; S;) and ↓ لعّب (K) and ↓ تلعّب (S, K: but this last has a frequentative [or an intensive] signification; S; [and so too has that immediately preceding it;]) and ↓ تلاعب; (K;) He played, sported, gamed, jested, or joked: contr. of جَدَّ, which signifies “ he was serious, or in earnest. ” (K.) [You say] بَيْنَهُمْ أُلْعُوبَةٌ Between them is playing, sporting, or the like. (K.) [And so] ↓ لَاعَبَهَا, (inf. n. مُلَاعَبَةٌ and لِعَابٌ, TA,) He played, sported, gamed, jested, or joked, with her: (K:) [he toyed, dallied, or wantoned, with her:] and لَاعَبْتُ الرَّجُلَ, inf. n. ملاعبة, I played, &c., with the man. (S) b2: لَعِبَتِ الرِّيحُ بِالمَنْزِلِ, and ↓ تَلَاعَبَت, (tropical:) [The wind sported with the lighting-place, or place of abode]: i. e., obliterated the traces of it. (TA.) b3: لَعِبَ بِنَا المَوْجُ [The waves sported with us]: the commotion of the waves is called “ sporting ” because it does not convey the voyagers to the quarter whither they desire to go. (TA, from a trad.) A2: لَعَبَ, (and لَعِبَ, K,) aor. ـَ inf. n. لَعْبٌ; (S, K;) and ↓ العب; (K;) He (a child, S) slavered; drivelled; emitted a flow of slaver or drivel from his mouth. (S, K.) The first word is the most approved: (TA:) or الصَّبِىُّ ↓ العب signifies the child became slavering, or drivelling. (S.) 3 لَاْعَبَ see 1.4 أَلْعَبَهَا He made her to play, sport, or game, &c., (with him: accord. to the CK:) or he brought her a thing with which to play, &c. (K.) A2: See 1.5 تلعّب He played time after time. (S.) See 1.6 تَلَاْعَبَ see 1.10 استلعبت النَّخْلَةُ The palm-tree produced some unripe dates after its other we had been cut off: (K:) or produced, or put forth, a spadix or more, having yet upon it some remains of its first produce of fruit. (Aboo-Sa'eed.) لَعْبٌ for عَلْبٌ: see the latter.

لِعْبٌ: see لَعِبٌ لَعِبٌ and ↓ لِعِبٌ (with two kesrehs, agreeably with a constant rule obtaining in cases of this kind, [whereby the measure فَعِلٌ is changed into فِعِلٌ, the medial radical letter being a guttural,] TA, [but in the CK and a MS. copy, ↓ لِعْبٌ, which is also regularly changed from the first,]) and ↓ أُلْعُبَانٌ and ↓ لُعَبَةٌ (K) and ↓ لُعْبَةٌ (TA, as from the K, [but not found by me in any copy of the latter work,]) and ↓ تِلْعِيبَةٌ and ↓ تِلْعَابٌ (K) and ↓ تِلْعَابَةٌ (S, K) and ↓ تَلْعَابٌ and ↓ تَلْعَابَةٌ and ↓ تِلِعَّابٌ and ↓ تِلِعَّابَةٌ (K: the last like تِلِقَّامَةٌ: the ة is added to give [additional] intensiveness to the signification, as in the cases of عَلَّامَةٌ and نَسَّابَةٌ: it is also used by En-Nábighah El-Jaadee in the place of an inf. n.: TA) and ↓ لَعُوبٌ [which is common to both genders] and ↓ لَعَّابٌ (A, &c.) One who plays, sports, games, jests, or jokes, much, or often; a great player, sporter, &c. (S, K.) لِعِبٌ: see لَعِبٌ.

لَعْبَةٌ (Th, S) and ↓ لُعْبَةٌ (ISk, S, K) A turn in play, in a game, &c.; a single act of a play or game &c. (S, K, &c.) [You say] ↓ لِمَنَ اللُّعْبَةُ [Whose turn is it to play?] with dammeh to the ل, because it is a subst.; (ISk;) [and] أُقْعُدْ أَفْرُغَ مِنْ

↓ هٰذِهِ اللُّعْبَةِ [Sit until I finish this turn of the game]: but accord. to Th, it is better to say من هذه اللَّعْبَةِ, with fet-hah; because what is meant is a single turn in the game. (S.) b2: لَعِبْتُ لَعْبَةً وَاحِدَةً [I played one game]. (Fr.) A2: اللَّعْبَةُ البَرْبَرِيَّةُ (in some copies of the K, ↓ اللُّعْبَةُ) A certain medicine, resembling what is called السُّورَنْجَانُ, which fattens. (K.) لُعْبَةٌ Anything with which one plays, as شِطْرَنْج and the like, (S, K,) and نَرْد. (S.) See also لَعْبَةٌ. b2: A man with whom one plays, sports, or jests: (K:) one who is a laughing-stock: (TA:) a stupid fellow, or fool, whom one mocks, laughs at, or ridicules; a stupid laughing-stock (K.) b3: An image or effigy [with which to play: a puppet: so the word signifies in the present day]. (K.) [It was probably sometimes applied to A crucifix. And hence, or perhaps from its resemblance to a man with outstretched arms, it is applied by some post-classical writers to A cross; and anything in the form of a cross.]

b4: The image that is seen in the black of the eye when a thing faces it; also called عَيْرٌ. (Aboo-Tálib, in L, art. عير.) b5: See لَعِبٌ.

لِعْبَةٌ A mode, or manner, of playing, sporting, gaming, &c. You say, فُلَانٌ حَسَنُ اللِّعْبَةِ [Such a one has a good manner of playing, &c. (S.) لُعَبَةٌ: see لَعِبٌ.

لُعَابٌ What flows from the mouth; slaver; drivel. (S, K.) b2: [Mucilage of plants. See S, art. لزج &c.] b3: لُعَابُ النَّخْلِ (tropical:) The honey of the date-palm. (S, K.) b4: لُعَابُ الشَّمْسِ (tropical:) A thing (that one sees, TA) as though descending from the sky, at the time of the mid-day heat; (K;) what one sees in a time of intense heat, resembling cobwebs: [i. e. gossamer:] also said to be the سَرَاب, or mirage: (S:) it is what is called مُخَاطُ الشَّيْطَانِ, and سَهَامٌ, and رِيقُ الشَّمْسِ, resembling threads, seen in the air when the heat is intense and the air calm: and he who asserts the لعاب الشمس to be the سراب says what is false; for that is the سراب that is seen at mid-day resembling running water: only he knows these things who has been constantly in the deserts, and has journeyed during the mid-day heats. (Az.) [In Egypt, in very hot and calm weather, I have seen, though very rarely, great quantities of the filmy substances above mentioned, resembling delicate and silky white cobwebs, generally of stringy forms, floating in the air.]

جَارِيَةٌ لَعُوبٌ A playful, sportive, or gamesome, damsel: (S:) one who coquets prettily, with affected coyness: (K:) pl. لَعَائِبُ. (TA.) See also لَعِبٌ.

لَعَّابٌ One whose business or occupation is playing, gaming, or the like; a player by profession. (TA.) See also لَعِبٌ.

لَاعِبٌ Playing, sporting, gaming, jesting, or joking. (TA.) See also لَعِبٌ. b2: لَا يَأْخُذَنَّ

أَحَدُكُمْ مَتَاعَ أَخِيهِ لَاعِبًا جَادًّا [By no means shall any one of you take the property of his brother in play (and) in earnest]: by this is meant taking a thing without meaning to steal it, but meaning to vex and anger the owner; so that the taker is in play with respect to theft, but in earnest in annoying. (TA, from a trad.) b3: إِنَّمَا أَنْتَ لَاعِبٌ [Thou art only playing]: said to anyone who does what is unprofitable. (TA.) أُلْعُوبَةٌ A thing with which one plays (Mz, 40th نوع.) [See also لُعْبَةٌ.] b2: Also an inf. n. of لَعِبَ. (S, K.) أُلْعَبَانٌ: see لَعِبٌ.

مَلْعَبٌ A place of playing, sporting, gaming, or the like; a place where plays, games, or sports, are performed: (S, K:) pl. مَلَاعِبُ. (TA.) b2: مَلَاعِبُ الرِّيحِ [pl. (tropical:) The sporting-places of the wind;] places where the wind blows, or has blown, vehemently: syn. مَدَارِجُهَا. (K.) b3: تَرَكْتُهُ فِى

مَلَاعِبِ الجِنِّ (tropical:) [I left him in the sporting-places of the Jinn, or genii]: i. e., in such a place that he did not know where he was. (TA.) مُلْعِبَةٌ and (as in the CK and a MS. copy) ↓ مِلْعَبَةٌ A garment without sleeves, in which a boy plays. (K.) مُلَعِّبٌ [Exuding mucilage]; applied to a plant: likened to a foolish person slavering: (TA, in art. حمق.) [See البَقْلَةُ الحَمْقَاءُ in art. حمق.]

مُلَاعِبُ ظِلِّهِ A certain bird; (S, K;) found in the desert; (TA;) sometimes called خَاطِفُ ظِلِّهِ, (S, Msb,) [see art. خطف,] because of the swiftness with which it pounces down: it has a green (or gray, أَخْضَر,) back, white belly, long wings, and short neck. (Msb.) Of two you say مُلَاعِبَا ظِلَّيْهِمَا; and of three, مُلَاعِبَاتُ أَظْلَالِهِنَّ; because the appellation becomes determinate. (TA. [But see ظِلٌّ.]) ثَغْرٌ مَلْعُوبٌ Teeth, or fore teeth, &c., having slaver or drivel, upon or about them. (S, K.) تَلعَابٌ and تِلْعَابٌ, تَلْعَابَةٌ and تِلْعَابَةٌ, تِلْعِيبَةٌ, تِلِعَّابٌ and تِلِعَّابَةٌ, see لَعِبٌ.

خرم

1 خَرَمَهُ, aor. ـِ inf.n. خَرْمٌ, He perforated, or pierced, it; namely, a thing. (Msb.) [And so خَزَمَهُ. (Mgh in art. خزم.)] b2: And He cut it, or cut it off. (Msb.) You say, مَا خَرَمْتُ مِنْهُ شَيْئًا I did not diminish, and did not cut off, from it, or him, anything. (S.) And مَا خَرَمَ مِنَ الحَدِيثِ حَرْفًا He did not diminish [from the narrative, or tradition, a letter, or a word]. (TA.) and خَرَمَ فُلَانًا, (K,) aor. and inf. n. as above, (TA,) He slit the partition between the nostrils of such a one: (K:) or خَرْمٌ signifies the mutilating (قَطْع) of the nose: (JK:) or mutilation (قَطْع) in the partition between the nostrils and in the نَاشِرَتَانِ [or two alœ], or in the extremity of the أَرْنَبَة [or lobule of the nose]; not amounting to what is termed جَدْعٌ; (Lth, TA;) and the epithet is ↓ أَخْرَمُ, fem. خَرْمَآءُ: (Lth, JK, TA:) and the like in the lip; or in the upper part of the فُوق [app. meaning the front edge of the lobe, which at its termination above forms a crena,] of the ear: (Lth, TA: [see أَخْرَمُ, as relating to the ear:]) accord. to Sh, it is both in the nose and in the ear; but in the nose, it is the mutilation (قطع) of the fore part of the nostril of a man, and the أَرْنَبَة [or lobule of the nose], after the mutilation of the upper part of this, so as to reach the interior of the nose; and the epithet applied to the man is ↓ أَخْرَمُ. (TA.) And خَرَمَهُ, inf. n. as above, also signifies He hit, or hurt, his خَوْرَمَة [q. v.]. (TA.) You say also, خَرَمَ الخُرْزَةَ, (K, TA, in the CK [erroneously] الخَرَزَةَ,) aor. as above, (K,) and so the inf. n.; (TA;) and ↓ خرّمها, (K,) inf.n. تَخْرِيمٌ; (TA;) He cracked, or tore without separating, the suture, or seam, of a skin; syn. فَصَمَهَا: (K, TA, in the CK قَصَمَها:) or خَرَمْتُ الخَرْزَ, aor. and inf. n. as above, i. q. أَثْأَيْتُهُ [meaning I spoiled the sewing of the skin, or hide; as when one uses a thick instrument for sewing or perforating, and a thin thong; or as when one rends two stitch-holes into one]. (S.) [And خَرَمَهُ سَيْلٌ app. A torrent cut into it, or trenched it; namely, the ground, or the side of a mountain: see خَرْمٌ.] And ↓ خَرَمَتْهُ خَوَارِمُ [lit. Cutting-off events cut him off]; meaning (assumed tropical:) he died: like as one says, شَعَبَتْهُ شَعُوبُ. (TA. [See also 8.]) b3: خَرَمَ القِرْطَاسَ He hit the target with his arrow without perforating it. (TA.) b4: مَا خَرَمَ عَنِ الطَّرِيقِ He (a guide) did not turn aside from the way. (JK, S.) A2: خَرِمَ, (S, K,) aor. ـَ (K,) inf. n. خَرَمٌ, (S,) said of a man, (S, K,) He had the partition between his nostrils cut, or mutilated: or the extremity of his nose, but not to the extent denoted by the term جَدْعٌ: the epithet applied to the man in this case is ↓ أَخْرَمُ: (S:) or he had the partition between his nostrils slit; i. e. وَتَرَتُهُ ↓ تَخَرَّمَتْ. (K.) A3: خَرُمَ, aor. ـُ He cared not for what he did nor for what was said to him. (K.) 2 خَرَّمَ see 1. b2: [Hence,] ضَرْعٌ فِيهِ تَخْرِيمٌ An udder in which are incisions [or crackings of the skin]; and so فيه تَشْرِيمٌ. (TA.) 5 تخرّمت وَتَرَتُهُ: see 1, last sentence but one.

تخرّمت الخُرْزَةُ (K, TA, in the CK [erroneously]

خَرَمَهَا,) The suture, or seam, of a skin cracked, or became torn without separating; quasi-pass. of خَرَمَهَا [q. v.]. (K, TA.) ↓ انخرم [in like manner] signifies It became slit; said of the bore of the ear. (S.) And you say also, تخرّم الزَّنْدُ [The wooden instrument for producing fire cracked, or split]. (TA.) Hence the phrase, أَرَاكَ يَتَخَرَّمُ زَنْدُكَ, mentioned by IAar, meaning (assumed tropical:) I see thee to have no good in thee: for when the زند cracks, or splits, (إِذَا تَخَرَّمَ,) one cannot produce fire by mean of it, and there is no good in it. (TA.) [Hence likewise,] تخرّم زَنْدُهُ means also (tropical:) His anger became appeased: [or,] accord. to the S, تخرّم زَبَدُهُ has this meaning: and accord. to the A, تخرّم أَنْفُهُ has the same meaning. (TA.) Accord. to IAar, (TA,) جَآءَنَا فُلَانٌ يَتَخَرَّمُ زَبَدُهُ means (tropical:) Such a one came to us doing to us that which was wrongful, or injurious, and foolish, or stupid. (K, * TA.) A2: See also 8, in two places.

A3: تخرّم also signifies He followed, or adopted, the religion of the خُرَّمِيَّة. (S, K, TA: in the CK, the مَخْرِمِيَّة.) 7 انخرم It became cut, or cut off. (Msb.) See also 5. Said of a writing, or book, it means It became deficient; part of it went. (TA.) And said of a generation, It went away; came to an end. (TA.) See also أَخْرَمُ.8 اِخْتَرَمَهُمُ الدَّهْرُ Time, or fortune, cut them off; and extirpated them; as also ↓ تَخَرَّمَهُمْ: (S:) or destroyed them by its calamities. (Msb.) And اِخْتَرَمَتْهُمُ المَنِيَّةُ and ↓ تَخَرَّمَتْهُمْ Death, or the decree of death, cut them off; and extirpated them. (K.) And اِخَْرَمَتْهُ المَنِيَّةُ Death, or the decree of death, [cut him off, or] took him away, (JK, K, TA,) مِنْ بَيْنِ أَصْحَابِهِ [from amidst his companions. (TA. [A phrase similar to خَرَمَتْهُ خَوَارِمُ: see 1.]) And اُخْتُرِمَ عَنَّا (JK, * K,) [He was cut off from us by death;] he was taken away [from us by death]; (JK;) he died, (K, TA,) and went away [from us]. (TA.) Accord. to some, اِخْتِرامٌ [as an inf. n. of اُخْتُرِمَ] signifies The dying suddenly. (Har p. 123.) خَرْمٌ A prominence, or projecting part, of a mountain: (JK, S, K:) pl. خُرُومٌ. (JK.) and A bed trenched by a torrent (مَا خَرَمَ سَيْلٌ [see 1]): (JK:) so some say: (TA:) or a road in a [tract of high ground such as is termed]

قُفّ; or on the summit of a mountain. (JK, TA.) [See also مَخْرِمٌ.]

خُرْمٌ The place of the bore, or perforation, of a thing. (Msb.) The eye of a needle. (TA.) b2: See also مَخْرِمٌ.

خَرَمَةٌ The place of perforation of the ear: (S:) or the place of slitting, of the nose, in the partition between the nostrils [and in either of the alœ, as appears from what here follows]. (K.) It is said in a trad., فِى الخَرَمَاتِ الثَّلَاثِ مِنَ الأَنْف الدِّيَةُ, by الخرمات being app. meant

↓ المَخْرُومَات, i. e. [In the case of the mutilation of] the two alœ and the partition between the nostrils [the blood-wit, or fine for homicide, shall be paid]. (TA.) خُرْمَانٌ A lie, or falsehood. (S, K.) One says, جَآءَ فُلَانٌ بِالخُرْمَانِ (S, TA) i. e. [Such a one uttered] that which was a lie. (TA.) خَرِيمٌ One who cares not for what he does nor for what is said to him. (K.) الخُرَّمِيَّةُ The sect who held the doctrine of the transmigration of the soul, and allowed general license: (S, K, TA:) they were in the time of El-Moatasim: their sheykh, Bábak [El-Khurramee, i. e. of Khurram, in Persia], was then slain, and they scattered themselves in the countries; and there remains of them a remnant in the mountains of Syria. (TA.) خُرَّامٌ [a pl. of which the sing. is not mentioned,] Young men (TA) such as follow the licentious ways of the خُرَّمِيَّة [so I render ↓ مُتَخَرِّمُونَ] in acts of disobedience. (K, TA.) [See what next follows.]

خَارِمٌ [act. part. n. of خَرَمَ: fem. with ة; and pl. of the latter خَوَارِمُ]. One says, خَرَمَتْهُ خَوَارِمُ [explained above]: see 1. (TA.) b2: Corrupting; acting corruptly; doing evil, or mischief. (K.) [See خُرَّامٌ, which is probably a pl. thereof.] b3: Neglecting; or leaving undone [what ought to be done]. (K.) A2: Cold, as an epithet (K.) b2: A cold wind: (K:) so accord. to A'Obeyd: but accord. to Kr, [خَازِمٌ,] with زاى. (TA.) خَوْرَمٌ: see what next follows.

خَوْرَمَةٌ The end, or tip, of the nose (JK, S) of a man: (S:) or the fore part of the nose: or the part between the nostrils. (K.) b2: Also, (JK, K,) as being likened thereto, (TA,) (assumed tropical:) A rock in which are holes; (JK, K;) n. un. of ↓ خَوْرَمٌ: (K:) [or] the latter has this signification. (S. [But this seems to be a mistake.]) أَخْرَمُ [Having the nose mutilated in any of the manners explained in the first paragraph of this art.]: fem. خَرْمَآءُ: see 1, in three places. b2: and Having the ear perforated, when it is not slit: (S:) or having the ear slit after it has been pierced: (S and Msb* and TA in art. خرب:) and ↓مُخَرَّمٌ, likewise, signifies having the ear slit; as also أَخْرَبُ and مُخَرَّبٌ. (TA in that art.) And the fem., applied to a she-goat, Having her ear slit crosswise. (K. [See also خَذْمَآءُ.]) Also, the fem., applied to an ear, Slit, or perforated, or mutilated. (K, * TA.) A2: Also A pool of water left by a torrent; because one part thereof passes a way (↓ يَنْخَرِمُ) to another: pl. خُرْمٌ. (TA.) b2: And the fem. also signifies Any hill, or rising ground, sloping down into a [hollow such as is termed] وَهْدَة; (K;) and so the masc.: (TA:) or any [hill such as is termed] أَكَمَة having a side whereby it cannot be ascended. (K.) A3: أَخْرَمُ الكَتِفِ The extremity of the spine of the scapula: (S:) or a notch, or small hollowed place, [app. the glenoid cavity,] at the extremity of the spine of the scapula, (JK, T, TA,) next the socket: (T, TA:) pl. أَخَارِمُ: (JK, T, TA:) or أَخْرَمَا الكَتِفَيْنِ, in the K miswritten آخِرُ مَا فِى الكَتَِفَيْنِ, signifies the heads of the two scapulæ, next the upper arms: (K, * TA:) or the two extremities, or edges, of the lower portion of the two scapulæ, which surround, or border, the كُعْبُرَة [app. here meaning the thick part next to the inferior angle] of the scapula: and الأَخْرَمُ the end of the spine [of the scapula]. (K, * TA. [In the K is here added, accord. to different copies, حَيْثُ يَنْخَدِعُ, as in the TA; or حيث يَنْخَدِمُ, as in the CK; or حيث يَنْخَذِمُ: the right reading seems to be حَيْثُ يَنْخَرِمُ, where it forms a kind of cleft; app. meaning where it forms the glenoid cavity. In the CK, for مُنْقَطَعُ العَيْرِ, is erroneously put مُنْقَطِعُ العَيْنِ; and و is erroneously prefixed to the former noun.]) b2: الأَخْرَمَانِ Two cleft bones at the extremity of the interior of the upper part of the inside of the mouth. (K.) A4: أَخْرَمُ الرَّأْىِ (tropical:) A man weak in judgment. (JK, TA.) مَخْرِمٌ The end of a prominence, or projecting part, of a mountain: pl. مَخَارِمُ: (S:) or مَخْرِمُ جَبَلٍ signifies the prominence, or projecting part, of a mountain: [like خَرْمٌ:] and مَخْرِمُ سَيْلٍ, the extremity of a torrent: (K: [accord. to the TK, of a sword; for مخرم السيف is there put in the place of مخرم السِيل:]) pl. as above: (TA:) and مَخْرِمُ أَكَمَةٍ and اكمةٍ ↓ خُرْمُ signify the place where a hill such as is termed اكمة ends. (K.) Also A [road such as is termed] ثَنِيَّة, between two mountains: (TA:) [or the pl.] مَخَارِمُ signifies the mouths of [mountain-roads such as are termed]

فِجَاج: (S:) or roads in rugged tracts: (Skr, K:) or roads in mountains, and in sands. (IAth, TA.) [Hence,] يَمِينٌ ذَاتُ مَخَارِمَ (tropical:) An oath in which are ways of evasion. (S, TA.) and لَا خَيْرَ فِى يَمِينٍ لَا مَخَارِمَ لَهَا (tropical:) There is no good in an oath that has not ways of evasion: from مَخْرِمٌ signifying “ a ثَنِيَّة between two mountains. ” (TA.) And هٰذِهِ يَمِينٌ قَدْ طَلَعَتْ فِى

المَخَارِمِ (tropical:) [This is an oath that has come forth in expressions that admit of ways of evasion]: said of an oath that affords a way [or rather ways] of evasion to the utterer thereof. (Az, TA.) b2: [The pl.] المَخَارِمُ [or مَخَارِمُ اللَّيْلِ] also signifies The first portions of the night. (K.) It occurs in an instance in which some read المَحَارِمُ [pl. of مَحْرَمٌ, q. v.]. (TA.) مُخّرَّمٌ: see أَخْرَمُ. It is said in a trad., نَهَى أَنْ يُضَحَّى بِالمُخَرَّمَةِ الأُذُنِ He forbade the sacrificing as an أُضْحِيَّة [q. v.] the animal having the ear cut, or cut off, or mutilated: or having many perforations, and slits, in its ear. (TA.) مَخْرُومَاتٌ: see خَرَمَةٌ.

مُتَخَرِّمُونَ: see خُرَّامٌ.

ستر

1 سَتَرَ, aor. ـُ (S, M) and سَتِرَ, (M,) inf. n. سَتْرٌ (S, M) and سَتَرٌ, (M,) He, or it, veiled, concealed, or hid, a thing; (M;) covered it: (S:) and ↓ ستّر signifies the same, (M,) [or has an intensive sense, or denotes frequency or repetition of the action, or its application to many objects: accord. to Golius, “sub velo, obtenso eo [sic], ne quis vir intueretur eam, custodivit puellam: et clam asservavit habuitque eam: ” as on the authority of the KL: in which I find nothing of the kind but تَسْتِيرٌ expl. by the words در پرده داشتن (to have or hold, within a curtain.] b2: (assumed tropical:) He protected another. (The Lexicons passim.) A2: سَتُرَتْ, inf. n. سَتَارَةٌ, (tropical:) She (a woman) was, or became, سَتِيرَة, (A,) i. e., modest, or bashful. (M.) b2: and سَتُرَ, inf. n. سِتْرٌ, (assumed tropical:) He was, or became, intelligent. (M.) 2 سَتَّرَ see the preceding paragraph.3 سَاتَرَهُ العَدَاوَةَ, inf. n. مُسَاتَرَةٌ, (tropical:) [He concealed enmity with him]. (A.) [See also the act. part. n., below.]5 تَسَتَّرَand 7: see the next paragraph.8 استتر and ↓ تستّر (S, M, K) and ↓ انستر (IAar, M) It became veiled, concealed, or hidden; or it veiled, concealed, or hid, itself: (M:) it became covered; or it covered itself. (S, K.) b2: [Hence,] فُلَانٌ لَا يَسْتَتِرُ مِنَ اللّٰهِ بِسِتْرٍ (tropical:) [Such a one does not protect himself from the displeasure of God by piety; i. e.,] such a one does not fear God. (A, TA.) سِتْرٌ and ↓ سُتْرَةٌ [which latter see also below] and ↓ سِتَارَةٌ (S, M, K) and ↓ سِتَارٌ (K) and ↓ سَتَرَةٌ and ↓ إِسْتَارٌ (TA) and ↓ إِسْتَارَةٌ, (M, K,) which last is only known to occur in one instance, in a trad., (M, TA,) and ↓ مِسْتَرٌ, (M, K,) Anything by which a person or thing is veiled, concealed, hidden, or covered; a veil; a curtain; a screen; a cover; a covering; a covert; (S, M, K:) [and the first and second, anything by which one is protected, or sheltered:] the pl. of سِتْرٌ is سُتُورٌ and أَسْتَارٌ (S, M, K) [the latter a pl. of pauc.] and سُتُرٌ; (M, TA;) which last is also pl. of ↓ سِتَارٌ, (K,) like as كُتُبٌ is of كِتَابٌ; (TA;) and the pl. of ↓ سِتَارَةٌ is سَتَائِرُ. (S, K.) ↓ [Hence the phrase] هَتَكَ اللّٰهُ سِتْرَهُ [lit., God rent open, or may God rend open, his veil, or covering; meaning,] (tropical:) God manifested, or made known, or may God manifest, or make known, his vices, or faults: (A:) [or God disgraced, or dishonoured, him, or exposed him to disgrace, or dishonour, or may God disgrace or dishonour him &c.] and مَدَّ اللَّيْلُ أَسْتَارَهُ (tropical:) [Night spread its curtains]. (A.) And اللَّيْلِ ↓ أَمُدُّ إِلَى اللّٰهِ يَدَىَّ تَحْتَ سِتَارِ (tropical:) [I stretch forth my hands in supplication to God beneath the veil of night]. (A.) b2: سِتْرٌ also signifies (tropical:) Fear. (K.) [Because by it one protects himself from the displeasure of God. See 8.] And (tropical:) Modesty, or bashfulness. (K.) One says, مَا لِفُلَانٍ سِتْرٌ وَ لَا حِجْرٌ (tropical:) Such a one has not modesty nor intelligence. (TA.) b3: And Intelligence; syn. عَقْلٌ. (M.) In the K it is explained by عَمَلٌ; but this appears to be a mistranscription, for عَقْلٌ. (TA.) سَتَرٌ A shield. (M, K.) سُتْرَةٌ: see سِتْرٌ. b2: Its predominant application is to A thing which a person praying sets up before him; [sticking it in the ground, or laying it down if the ground be hard, in order that no living being or image may be the object next before him;] such as a whip, and a staff having a pointed iron at its lower extremity. (Mgh.) [See عَنَزَةٌ: and see my “ Modern Egyptians,”

5th ed., p. 72.] b3: Also A parapet, or surrounding wall, of a flat house-top. (Mgh.) b4: And i. q. ظُلَّةٌ [q. v.]. (Mgh.) سَتَرَةٌ: see سِتْرٌ.

سِتَرَةٌ: see سَتِيرٌ, in two places.

سِتَارٌ: see سِتْرٌ, in three places.

سَتِيرٌ (S, M, K) and ↓ مَسْتُورٌ, (S, A, K,) applied to a man, (S, A, &c.,) and سَتِيرَةٌ (S, M, A, K) and سَتِيرٌ and ↓ سَتِرَةٌ, (M,) applied to a girl (S) or female, (M, &c.,) [properly Veiled, concealed, or covered. b2: And hence,] (tropical:) Modest; bashful; (M;) chaste: (S, K:) pl. of سَتِيرٌ, as masc., سُتَرَآءُ; (M;) and of ↓ مَسْتُورٌ, [مَسْتُورُونَ and] مَسَاتِيرُ; (A;) and, app. of سَتِيرٌ [as fem.] and سَتِيرَةٌ also, سَتَائِرُ; and the pl. of ↓ سَتِرَةٌ is سَتِرَاتٌ only, accord. to a rule laid down by Sb. (M.) b3: شَجَرٌ سَتِيرٌ (tropical:) Trees having many boughs or branches. (A.) A2: سَتِيرٌ applied to God is of the measure فَعِيلٌ in the sense of the measure فَاعِلٌ, meaning (assumed tropical:) Veiling, or protecting; a veiler, or protector. (TA.) سِتَارَةٌ: see سِتْرٌ, in two places. b2: Also The piece of skin that is upon the nail. (K.) سَتَّارٌ One who veils, or conceals, [much, or often; or who does so] well. (KL.) [Hence,] اَللّٰهُ سَتَّارُ العُيُوبِ (tropical:) God is He who is wont to veil vices, or faults]. (A.) b2: And The keeper of the curtain [that hangs over, and closes, the door of a chamber]. (MA.) إِسْتَارٌ: see سِتْرٌ.

A2: Also Four: (S, M, A, K:) said by Aboo-Sa'eed and Az to be arabicized, from the Pers\. چَهَارْ: pl. أَسَاتِيرُ and أَسَاتِرُ. (TA.) It is applied to men: (S, M:) and you also say, أَكَلْتُ إِسْتَارًا مِنَ الخَبْزِ meaning I have eaten four cakes of bread. (TA.) b2: And The fourth of a party of people. (TA.) b3: And The weight of four mithkáls (مَثَاقِيل) and a half: (S, K: [see رِطْلٌ:]) likewise arabicized: (Az:) [app. from the Greek σατὴρ:] pl. أَسَاتِيرُ. (S.) إِسْتَارَةٌ: see سِتْرٌ.

مِسْتَرٌ: see سِتْرٌ.

مَسْتُورٌ: see سَتِيرٌ, in two places. b2: حِجَابًا مَسْتُورًا, in the Kur xvii. 47, means A veil covered by another veil; implying the thickness of the veil: (S:) or مستورا is here of the measure مَفْعُولٌ in the sense of the measure فَاعِلٌ, like مَأْتِيًّا in the Kur xix. 62, (S, M,) which some say is the only other instance of the kind; (TA;) and Th explains it as signifying preventing, or hindering, or obstructing; and says that it is of the measure مَفْعُولْ because the veil itself is hidden from man. (M.) جَارِيَةٌ مُسَتَّرَةٌ A girl kept behind, or within, the curtain. (S.) هُوَ مُدَاجٍ مُسَاتِرٌ (tropical:) [He is a wheedler, or cajoler, who conceals enmity]. (A.)

سرط

1 سَرِطَهُ, aor. ـَ inf. n. سَرَطٌ (S, M, Msb, K) and سَرَطَانٌ; (M, K;) and سَرَطَهُ; (Sgh, K;) but the former is the more chaste, and is the form commonly known, and the latter is by some disallowed; (TA;) He swallowed it: (S, M, Msb, K:) or, as in some of the copies of the S, without chewing: or, accord. to the A, by little and little: (TA:) and ↓ استرطهُ signifies the same; (S, M, Msb, K;) and so ↓ تسرّطهُ: (As, K:) and in like manner, زَرِدَهُ and ازدردهُ (TA) [and تزرّدهُ]. It is said in a prov., لَا تَكُنْ حُلْوًا فَتُسْرَطَ وَلَا مُرًّا فَتُعْقَى

Be not thou sweet, so that thou shouldest be swallowed; nor bitter, so that thou shouldest be put out of the mouth because of thy bitterness: (S, TA:) or, accord. to one relation, فَتُعْقِىَ, i. e., so that thou shouldest be disliked for being very bitter: used in enjoining the taking of a middle course of conduct: so in the O. (TA.) 4 أَسْرَطْتُهُ ذِرَاعِى I put my fore arm upon his throat [from behind him], to strangle him, or throttle him. (TA in art. ذرع.) 5 تَسَرَّطَ see 1.7 انسرط فِى حَلْقِهِ It (a thing, M) passed easily in his throat. (M, K.) 8 إِسْتَرَطَ see 1.

Q. Q. 1 سَرْطَمَ: see art. سرطم.

سُرَطٌ A man that swallows quickly; (Ibn-'Abbád, O;) as also ↓ سُرَطَةٌ (Ibn-'Abbád, O) and ↓ سُرَطْرِطٌ: (O:) or ↓ سَرَطْرَطٌ (so accord. to the TA) and ↓ مِسْرَطٌ and ↓ سَرَّاطٌ a man that eats quickly: (TA:) or the first, and ↓ سَرَطَانٌ and ↓ سِرْطِيطٌ, (M, K,) a man (M) that swallows well, (M,) or largely. (K.) [See also سُرَاطِىٌّ.] b2: Also, and ↓ سَرَطَانٌ, (M, K,) (tropical:) A horse (M, TA) that runs vehemently. (M, * K, TA.) [See again سُرَاطِىٌّ.]

سُرَطَةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

سِرْطِمٌ and سَرْطَمٌ: see سُرَاطِىٌّ, in three places. b2: Hence, (M,) the former also signifies (assumed tropical:) An eloquent speaker; (M, K;) as also ↓ سَرَطَانٌ. (TA.) [See also art. سرطم.]

سَرَطَانٌ: see سُرَطٌ, in two places: and سُرَّيْطَى: and سِرْطِمٌ.

A2: Also [The crab;] a certain aquatic creature; (S) a certain animal of the sea; (Msb;) a certain creeping thing (دَابَّة), of aquatic creatures; (M;) a certain fluvial creeping thing (دابّة); and also a marine kind, which is an animal that becomes hard like stone: the former kind is of much utility; the quantity of three مَثَاقِيل of its ashes, when burnt in a cooking-pot of copper (نُحَاسٍ أَحْمَرَ [for the latter of which words we find in the CK خُمِّرَ]), with water or wine, or with half its weight of gentian (جِنْطِيَانَا), is very good against the bite of the mad dog; if its eye be hung upon a person affected with a tertian fever, he is cured; and if its leg be hung upon a tree, its fruit falls spontaneously: (K:) this is [said of] the سرطان that is bred in rivers: (TA:) of the marine kind, what is burnt is an ingredient in collyriums, (K,) for removing whiteness, (TA,) and in dentifrices (سَنُونَات, so in copies of the K and in the TA [but in the CK, erroneously, سُفُوفَات]), and strengthens the gum: (TA:) pl. سَرَطَانَاتٌ. (Msb.) b2: السَّرَطَانُ is also the name of (assumed tropical:) A certain sign of the Zodiac; (S, M, K;) [Cancer;] the fourth sign; so called because resembling the creature above mentioned in form. (TA.) b3: [The disease called cancer;] a black-biliary tumour, which begins like an almond, and smaller, and when it becomes large, there appear upon it veins, red and green, resembling the legs of the سَرَطَان: there is no hope for its cure; and it is treated medicinally only in order that it may not increase: (K:) a certain disease that attacks men and beasts: (M:) it is also (K) a certain disease in the pastern of a beast, rendering it hard, or rigid, so that the animal inverts his hoof: (S, K:) a certain disease that appears in the legs of beasts: (T, TA:) some say that it is a disease which affects a man in his fauces, having relation to the blood, and resembling the دُبَيْلَة [which is explained by ISh, in describing the disease termed ذَاتُ الجَنْبِ, as an ulcer that perforates the belly]: and some say, that it is [the disease called] دَآءُ الفِيلِ. (TA.) سِرْطِيطٌ: see سُرَطْ.

سُرَطْرِطٌ or سَرَطْرَطٌ: see سُرَطٌ.

سِرِطْرَاطٌ (Lth, Lh, S, M, K) and سَرَطْرَاطٌ, (Lth, M, K,) the former said by Az to be a good form, like جِلِبَّابٌ and سِجِلَّاطٌ, but the latter to be the only instance of its form known to him, (TA,) and ↓ سُرَيْطٌ, like زُبَيْرٌ, (accord. to the K,) or ↓ سُرَّيْطٌ, (as in the M,) like قُبَّيْطٌ, (TA, [in which this is said to be the right form,]) [The kind of sweet food called] فَالُوذٌ, [Lh, S, M, K,) or فَالُوذَجٌ; (as in some copies of the K and in the TA;) so called because very delicious to eat and swallow, from سَرَطٌ signifying the “ act of swallowing; ” (Az, TA;) of the dial. of Syria: (Lh, M:) or [the kind of sweet food called] خَبِيصٌ. (M, K.) سُرَاطٌ: see سُرَاطِىٌّ.

سِرَاطٌ A road, or way: (Msb:) or a conspicuous road or way; (M, K;) so called because he who goes away on it disappears like food that is swallowed; (K) i. q. صِرَاطٌ, (S, M, Msb, K,) which is of the dial. of the early Kureysh, (Fr,) and is the more approved, on account of the mutual resemblance [of the ص and ط], (M, K,) though the former is the original; (M, Msb, K;) and زِرَاطٌ; for the saying that the pronunciation with the pure ز is a mistake, is [itself] a mistake: (K:) [ISd says,] As mentions the reading الزِّرَاط, with the pure ز; but this is a mistake; for he only heard the resemblance, and imagined it to be ز; and As was not a grammarian, that he should be trusted in this matter: (M:) this is [itself, however,] a mistake; for AA is related to have read الزّراط, and the same is related of Hamzeh, by Ks. (TA.) One says also, هُوَ فِى

دِينِهِ عَلَى سِرَاطٍ مُسْتَقِيمٍ (tropical:) [He is, in respect of his religion, on, or in, a right way]. (TA.) [It is fem. as well as masc.: see زُقَاقٌ.]

سِرْوَطٌ: see سُرَاطِىٌّ.

سُرَيْطٌ: see سِرِطْرَاطٌ: b2: and سُرَّيْطَى.

سُرَيْطَى: see سُرَيْطَآءُ: b2: and سُرَّيْطَى.

سُرَاطِىٌّ A great eater; (K;) as also ↓ سِرْوَاطٌ (Seer, M, K,) and ↓ سِرْطِمٌ: (K:) or one who swallows everything; as also ↓ سِرْوَاطٌ (M) and ↓ سِرْطِمٌ and ↓ سَرْطَمٌ; (Lh, M;) from الاِسْتِرَاطُ; the م, accord. to IJ, being augmentative; (M;) and so ↓ سِرْوَطٌ. (TA.) [See also سُرَطٌ.] b2: Also, (S, M, K,) and ↓ سُرَاطٌ, (M, K,) (tropical:) A sword that cuts (S, K, TA) much, or well; (K, TA;) that passes into the object that is struck with it; (M, TA;) that goes quickly into the flesh. (Ibn-Habeeb, O, in explanation of the former word.) b3: سُرَاطِىُّ الجَرْىِ (tropical:) A horse that runs vehemently. (K, TA.) [See again سُرَطٌ.]

سُرَيْطَآءُ, (JM, M, K, TA,) or ↓ سُرَيْطَى, (L,) A kind of soup, or food that is supped, (JM, M, K, TA,) like خَزِيرَة [q. v.]; (JM, M, TA;) in the K, erroneously, like حَرِيرَة: (TA:) or resembling خَزِيرَة. (L in explanation of the latter word.) b2: See also سُرَّيْطَى.

سِرْوَاطٌ: see سُرَاطِىٌّ, in two places.

سَرَّاطٌ: see سُرَطٌ.

سُرَّيْطٌ: see سِرِطْرَاطٌ: b2: and see also the paragraph here following.

سُرَّيْطَى a word occurring in the following prov.: الأَخْذُ سُرَّيْطَى وَالقَضَآءُ ضُرَّيْطَى, (S, K,) or ↓ سُرَيْطَى and ضُرَيْطَى, (so in a copy of the M, without teshdeed,) and one says also ↓ سِرِّيطَى and ضِرِّيطَى, (O, K,) and ↓ سُرَيْطَآءُ and ضُرَيْطَآءُ, (O, K, TA, in the CK سُرَيْطا and ضُرَّيْطٌ,) and ↓ سُرَيْطٌ and ضُرَيْطٌ, (K, and so in a copy of the S,) each like زُبَيُرٌ, (TA,) or ↓ سُرَّيْطٌ and ضُرَّيْطٌ, (so in another copy of the S,) or both, (M,) [Taking, or receiving, is a swallowing, and paying is a making with the mouth a sound like that of the emission of wind from the anus; i. e.] one takes, or receives, a loan, or the like, (S, M, O, K,) and swallows it, (M, O, K,) and when payment is demanded of him he makes with his mouth a sound like that of the emission of wind from the anus: (S, M, O, K, TA:) meaning that taking, or receiving, is liked, and paying is disliked: (TA:) and ↓ الأَخْذُ سَرَطَانٌ, (O, K,) or, as some relate it, سَلَجَانٌ, (O,) وَالقَضَآءُ لَيَّانٌ. (O, K. [See 1 in art. سلج.]) سِرِّيطَى: see the next preceding paragraph.

مَسْرَطٌ and ↓ مِسْرَطٌ The gullet: (M, K:) also written with ص. (M.) مِسْرَطٌ: see what next precedes: b2: and see also سُرَطٌ.

زيد

1 زَادَ, (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K,) aor. ـِ (S, Mgh, Msb,) inf. n. زِيَادَةٌ (S, A, * Msb, K *) and زَيْدٌ, (S, Mgh, Msb, K, *) with which are syn. زِيدٌ (S, K) and زَيَدٌ (K) and مَزِيدٌ (S, K) and زَيْدَانٌ, which last is anomalous, like شَنْآنٌ (K) and لَيَّانٌ, said to be the only instances of the kind, (TA,) all as inf. ns., (TK,) and so is مَزَادٌ, (TA,) and J adds that زُوَادَةٌ is mentioned by Yaakoob, from Ks, from El-Bekree, as syn. with زِيَادَةٌ, but this is a mistake, which is unfairly imputed to J by the author of the K, (MF,) [who says,] as to الزُّوَادَةُ, it is a mistranscription by J, for the words are الزُّوَارَةُ and الزِّيَارَةُ, [in the CK الرُّوادةُ and الرِّيادةُ,] with ر, and without the mention of [the signification of] النُّمُوُّ, (K, TA,) It (a thing, S, Mgh, Msb, [as, for ex.,] water, and property, A) increased, or augmented, or grew; (S, A, TA;) [and in like manner said of a man, and of any animal;] as also ↓ اِزْدَادَ: (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K:) or this latter has a more intensive signification than the former, like اِكْتَسَبَ in relation to كَسَبَ. (MF. [See also 5.]) In this sense it has a single objective complement; as in زَادَ كَذَا It, or he, increased, or augmented, or grew, in such a thing; as also ↓ اِزْدَادَ. (TA.) [The latter is more commonly used in this manner.] You say, ↓ اِزْدَدْتُ مَالًا (A, Mgh, Msb) [I increased in property: also] meaning I increased to myself, or for myself, property. (Mgh, * Msb.) And الأَمْرُ ↓ ازداد صُعُوبَةً [The affair increased in difficulty]. (A.) b2: [Also It exceeded; it was, or became, redundant, or superfluous; it remained over and above. And زَادَ عَلَيْهِ It exceeded it; as also ↓ تزايد.] You say, زَادَ عَلَى الشَّىْءِ ضِعْفَهُ [It exceeded the thing by the like thereof, or more]. (A.) and زَادَ عَلَى مَا أَرَادَ [It exceeded what he desired]. (A.) b3: Also He gave an addition: so in the saying, فَقَدْ أَرْبَى ↓ مَنْ زَادَ وَازْدَادَ He who gives an addition, and who takes it, [each of these] practises usury. (Msb.) b4: [And He added, or exaggerated.] يَزِيدُ فِى حَدِيثِهِ [He adds, or exaggerates, in his narration, or talk, or discourse,] is said of a liar. (A and TA voce سَرَّاجٌ. [See also 5.]) A2: It is also trans.: (Msb:) you say, زَادَهُ, aor. ـِ inf. n. زِيَادَةٌ, He increased it, or augmented it. (L.) And in this sense it is doubly trans.: (MF:) you say, زَادَهُ اللّٰهُ خَيْرًا, (S, K,) or مَالًا, (A,) [God increased to him, or added to him, good fortune or prosperity or the like, or property; increased, or added to, his good fortune, &c.; or may God increase &c.;] as also ↓ زَيَّدَهُ: (K:) and زَادَ فِيمَا عِنْدَهُ, (S,) or فِى مَالِهِ, (A,) [He increased, or added to, what he possessed or his possessions, or his property; or may He (i. e. God) increase &c.] b2: زَادَهُ also signifies He gave him an increase, or an addition, or more. (Msb.) See 10. b3: You say also, مَا يَزِيدُكَ أَحَدٌ عَلَيْهِ [No one is more sufficient for thee than he]. (K in art. زند. [See 4 in that art.]) And لَا يَزِيدُكَ عَلَيْهِ جَمَلٌ No camel will be more sufficient for thee than he; i. q. لَا يَضُرُّكَ. (ISk, S in art. ضر [in which see other exs.].) 2 زيّد, [inf. n. تَزْيِيدٌ,] said of property, It increased, or augmented, much. (A.) A2: See also 1, latter part.3 زايد أَحَدُ المُتَبَايِعَيْنِ الآخَرَ, inf. n. مُزَايَدَةٌ, [One of the two persons buying together outbade the other: see also 6.] (A.) 5 تزيّد It (a price, S, A) was, or became, excessive, or dear; (S, A, K;) as also ↓ تزايد. (A, TA.) b2: He added, or exaggerated, (MA,) or lied, (S, MA, K,) in narration, or discourse. (S, MA. [See also 1, latter half.]) And He affected to exceed the due bounds in his narration, or discourse, and his speech; (TA;) he affected excess in speech, &c.; (K, TA;) i. e. in speech and in action; (TA;) as also ↓ تزايد: (K:) or التَّزَيُّدُ فِى الحَدِيثِ means the embellishing narration, or discourse, with lies, and adding in it what does not belong to it. (Har p. 195.) In the verse of 'Adee cited in art. زند, the last word is تَزَيَّدِ as some relate it, or تَزَنَّدِ as others relate it. (TA.) b3: He went a pace exceeding that termed العَنَق. (S, K. [See also ذَمَلَ, and نَصَبَ السَّيْرَ, and وَسَجَ.]) And تزيّدت She (A camel) stretched forth her neck, and went a pace exceeding that termed العَنَق, as though she were swimming with her rider?? (A, TA:) and in like manner one says of a mare, or horse. (TA.) And تزيّدت الإِبِلُ فِى سَيْرِهَا The camels tasked themselves in their pace beyond their ability. (TA.) 6 تزايد [It increased, augmented, or grew, gradually; contr. of تَنَاقَصَ]. See also 1. and see 5, in two places. تزايدوا عَلَى السِّلْعَةِ [They bade, one against another, for the commodity, or article of merchandise, successively raising the price]: said of the people of a market when a commodity is sold to him who bids more than others. (L.) And تزايدوا فِى الثَّمَنِ حَتَّى بَلَغَ مُنْتَهَاهُ [They augmented the price, one outbidding another, until it attained its utmost]. (A, TA.) 8 اِزْدَادَ [originally اِزْتَادَ]: see 1, in four places. b2: Also He took an addition. (Msb.) See, again, 1. b3: Also He took in addition: so in the saying, إِذَا ازْدَادَ الرَّاهِنُ دَرَاهِمَ مِنَ المُرْتَهِنِ [When the pledger takes money in addition from the receiver of the pledge]. (Mgh.) One says also, اِزْدَدْ مِنَ الخَيْرِ [Obtain thou, or gain thou, somewhat in addition of what is good: or it may mean seek thou, or desire thou, an increase, or addition, of what is good]. (A.) See what next follows, in two places.

10. استزاد He sought, or desired, or demanded, an increase, an addition, or more; (A, Mgh, Msb;) as also ↓ اِزْدَادَ; whence the saying, to a man to whom a thing has been given, ↓ هَلْ تَزْدَادُ Dost thou seek, or desire, or demand, more than what I have given thee? (L.) b4: [Hence,] هُوَ يَسْتَزِيدُ فِى حَدِيثِهِ [He seeks, or desires, to add, or exaggerate, or to exceed the due bounds, or to embellish with lies and additions, in his narration, or discourse]. (A, TA. [See also 5.]) b5: استزادهُ He sought, or desired, or demanded, of him an increase, an addition, or more. (Msb, K.) Yousay, ↓ لَوِ اسْتَزَدْتُهُ لَزَادَنِى If I had sought, or desired, or demanded, an increase, &c., he had given me an increase, &c. (Msb.) b6: [And hence,] (tropical:) He reckoned him, or held him, to have fallen short of doing what he ought to have done, (S, A, K, TA,) and complained of him, (A, TA,) or reproved him, for a thing that he did not approve. (TA.) And كَتَبَ إِلَيْهِ كِتَابَ اسْتِزَادَةٍ (tropical:) [He wrote to him a letter of complaint, or reproof, for his having fallen short, &c.; requiring him to do more]. (A.) زَيْدٌ an inf. n. of زَادَ. (S, Mgh, Msb.) b2: [Hence,] هُمْ زَيْدٌ عَلَى مِائَةٍ (S, A, L) and ↓ زِيدٌ (S, L) and ↓ زِياَدَةٌ (A) (tropical:) [They are more than a hundred].

زِيدٌ an inf. n. of زَادَ. (S, * K, * TK.) b2: See the next preceding paragraph.

زِيَادَةٌ an inf. n. of زَادَ. (S, Msb.) Using it as an inf. n., (Msb,) you say, اِفْعَلْ ذٰلِكَ زِيَادَةً [meaning Do thou that in addition]: (S, Msb:) the vulgar say ↓ زَائِدَةً, (S,) which one should not say. (Msb.) [Hence also,] حُرُوفُ الزِّيَادَةِ [The letters of augmentation; or the augmentative letters; i. e. the letters that are added to the radical letters in Arabic words]: they are ten, and are comprised in the saying, سَأَلْتُمُونِيهَا [“ Ye asked me for them ”], (TA,) and in أَلْيَوْمَ تَنْسَاهُ [“ Today thou wilt forget it ”]; (K, TA;) and more than a hundred and thirty other combinations comprising them have been mentioned: (MF:) [these letters are also called زَوَائِدُ, of which the sing. is ↓ زَائِدَةٌ.] See also زَيْدٌ. b2: [As a simple subst., or a subst. properly so termed, it signifies An increase, or increment; and augmentation, or augment; an addition, additament, adjunct, or accessory: an accession: excess, redundance, or superfluity: and a redundant part or portion or appertenance; a surplus; a residue: an excrescence: pl. زِيَادَاتٌ and زَيائِدُ. b3: Hence,] إِبِلٌ كَثِيرَةُ الزَّيَائِدِ i.e. الزِّيَادَات [Camels having much increase; lit., much, or many, increases]. (K.) A poet says, بِهَجْمَةٍ تَمْلَأُ عَيْنَ الحَاسِدِ ذَاتِ سُرُوحٍ جَمَّةِ الزَّيَائِدِ [With a herd of forty or more camels, that fill, or glut, the eye of the envier, enjoying pasturing by themselves, having much increase]: some say, [in citing this verse,] الزَّوَائِدِ, which is pl. of ↓ زَائِدَةٌ; but الزوائد is said only in relation to the legs of a beast. (L.) b4: [Hence also,] زِيَادَةُ الكَبِدِ, (so in a copy of the S, and in the A and L, and in several places in the K,) or الكَبِدِ ↓ زَائِدَةُ, (so termed by Zj, and so in the T, and in two copies of the S, and in the L,) both of which are correct, (TA,) [The redundant appertenance of the liver;] a certain small piece to which the liver is attached, or suspended: (Zj, in his “ Khalk el-Insán: ”) or a certain small appertenance of the liver (هُنَيَّةٌ مِنْهَا صَغِيرَةٌ), at its side, going away from it (مُتَنَحِّيَةٌ عَنْهَا): (S, L:) or a certain piece appended, or attached, to the liver (مُعَلَّقَةٌ بِهَا): (A:) or a certain appendage of the liver; [so I render هَنَةٌ مُتَعَلِّقَةٌ مِنْهَا, agreeably with the next preceding explanation; though it may be rendered a thing suspended from it, i.e. from the liver; or the right reading may be هنة متعلّقة بِهَا, which is virtually the same as the explanation in the A, and agreeable with what here follows: so called] because it is a redundance (تَزِيدُ) upon its upper surface: (L:) [all of these explanations seem to denote the round ligament of the liver: the Hebrew יֹחֶרֶח הַכּבֵד, in Ex. xxix. 22, literally signifies the same; like the slightly-varying appellations in Ex. xxix. 13 and Lev. iii. 4, and Lev. ix. 10: but the real meaning thereof is much disputed: the rendering of the LXX. is lobos tou* h>/patos; which is said to mean extrema pars hepatis: that of the Vulg., reticulum hepatis: that of our authorized Engl. Vers., the caul above the liver; (with this marginal note: “ it seemeth by anatomy, and the Hebrew Doctors, to be the midriff: ”) and it is remarkable that this is one of the meanings assigned to الخِلْبُ, which some hold to be syn. with زَيَادَةُ الكَبِدِ: (see خِلْبٌ:) Bochart (in his Hieroz. t. i., p. 498, seq.,) and Gesenius (in his Lex.) explain the Hebrew term as meaning the greater lobe of the liver: but this is hard to reconcile with the Hebrew or the Arabic; and utterly irreconcileable with the explanations given by the Arabs; among whom, it should be observed, were many of the Jewish religion, who cannot reasonably be supposed to have not known the correct meaning of a term relating to their sacrifices:] the pl. of زيادة is زَيَائِدُ, (L,) and that of ↓ زائدة is زَوَائِدُ. (S, L.) Hence the saying, الوَلَدُ كَبِدُ ذِى الوَلَدِ وَوَلَدُ الوَلَدِ زِيَادَةُ الكَبِدِ [The child is as the liver of the parent, and the grandchild is as the redundant appertenance of the liver]. (A, TA.) زَائِدٌ act. part. n. of زَادَ, (Msb,) [Increasing, augmenting, or growing. b2: Exceeding; in excess; redundant; superfluous; remaining over and above: excrescent: additional; in addition; adscititious.] You say, أَخَذْتُهُ بِدِرْهَمٍ فَزَائِدًا [I took it, i. e. bought it, for a dirhem and more]. (A.) [See also the next paragraph.]

زَائِدَةٌ [fem. of زَائِدٌ: and also a subst.; being transferred from the category of epithets to that of substs. by the affix ة: pl. زَوَائِدُ]: see زِيَادَةٌ, in five places. b2: [Hence,] الزَّوَائِدُ [Certain excrescences, or pendent hairs, termed] زَمَعَات, in the hinder part of the kind leg or foot. (K. [In the explanations there given, I read الرِّجْل, as in one copy, instead of الرَّحْل. It has been stated above, voce زِيَادَةٌ, on the authority of the L, that الزَّوَائِد is said only in relation to the legs of a beast.]) b3: [But] ذُو الزَّوَائِدِ means The lion: (S, K:) by the زوائد being mean this claws and his canine teeth and his roaring and his impetuosity. (S.) b4: زَائِدَةُ السَّاقِ The shin-bone. (L.) زَوَائِدِىٌّ a rel. n. from زَوَائِدُ pl. of زَائِدَةٌ; and used, app., as meaning Having something redundant; for] Sa'eed Ibn-'Othmán was surnamed الزَّوَائِدِىُّ because he had three بَيْضَات: so they assert. (S.) بُرُودٌ تَزِيدِيَّةٌ, (S, K,) and تَزِيدِيَّاتٌ [alone], (S,) [Garments of the kind termed] بُرُود having in them red stripes, (S, K,) to which streaks of blood are likened: (S:) so called in relation to تَزِيد the son of حُلْوَان, the father of a tribe: (S, K:) or, as some say, تَزِيد the son of حَيْدَان: (MF:) or from تَزِيد, a city, or town, of ElYemen, in which such برود were woven: (TA:) or, accord. to some, J and F are in error; and the truth is, that there were some merchants in Mekkeh, called بَنُو يَزِيدٍ, thus with ى and in relation to them certain [camel-vehicles for women of the kind called] هَوَادِج were termed ↓ يَزِيدِيَّةٌ. (MF.) مَزَادٌ: see مَزَادَةٌ, in two places.

مَزِيدٌ an inf. n. of زَادَ. (S, K.) You say, لَا مَزِيدَ عَلَى مَا فَعَلْتَ and ↓ لَا مُسْتَزَادَ, (A, Msb,) both meaning the same [i.e. There is no exceeding what thou hast done: or rather the latter means there is no desire for more than thou hast done, or there is no one of whom is desired more than thou hast done; for ↓ مُسْتَزَاد may be here an inf. n., and it may be a pass. part. n.]. (Msb.) A2: [It is also the pass. part. n. of زَادَ, signifying Increased, or augmented; as also مَزِيدٌ فِيهِ.]

مَزَادَةٌ [A leathern water-bag, one of a pair which is borne by a camel or other beast;] the half (شَطْر) of a رَاوِيَة: (Msb in art. زود:) [a water-bag of this kind is represented in a sketch of “ Sakkàs ” in my work on the Modern Egyptians:] it has two loops, and two kidney-shaped pieces of leather (كُلْيَتَانِ), the former of which are sewed to the latter: (TA voce خُرْبَةٌ:) the رَاوِيَة consists of two mezádehs (مَزَادَتَانِ), which are bound upon the two sides of the camel with the [cord called] رِوَآء: the pl. is مَزَايِدُ [often written مَزَائِدُ]; and sometimes the Arabs elided the ة, saying ↓ مَزَادٌ: (T, TA:) [both of these forms are mentioned in the S and K as pls.:] and ↓ مَزَادٌ without ة, is [also] applied to the single one (فَرْدَة [meaning the single water-skin]) which the rider attaches behind his camel's saddle, having no عَزْلَآء, [or spout (which is closed by means of a thong tied round it) at one of the lower extremities for pouring out the water; thus] differing from the مَزَادَة: (T, TA:) or the مزادة is a رَاوِيَة, [app. accord. to some who applied this latter term to a single water-bag,] (S, A, K,) or only (K) such as is composed of two skins with a third inserted between them to widen it: (A 'Obeyd, S, M, A, K:) and so are the سَطِيحَة and the شَعِيب: (A 'Obeyd, S:) or the سَطيحة is made of two skins put face to face; and the مزادة is of two skins and a half, or of three skins: (ISh, TA:) or it is [a water-bag] joined (مَشْعُربَة) at one side; if consisting of two faces (ان خرجت من وجهين [i. e. of two pieces of skin whereof each forms one face or side]) it is called a شَعِيب: or it is like a راوية having no عَزْلَآء [expl. above]: AM and the author of the Msb and some others assert that its medial radical letter is و, and that it is from الزَّوْدُ, (TA,) being so called because one furnishes himself with water in it for travellingprovision: (Msb in art. زود:) but this is a mistake: (TA:) it is thus called because it is enlarged by the addition of a third skin: (AO, El-Khafájee, TA:) [Fei says that] accord. to analogy it should be مِزَادَةٌ. (Msb in art. زود.) مُسْتَزَادٌ: see مَزِيدٌ, in two places.

يَزِيدِيَّةٌ, applied to هَوَادِج: see تَزِيدِيَّةٌ.

سنه

1 سَنِهَ see 5, in two places.3 سانههُ, inf. n. مُسَانَهَةٌ and سِنَاهٌ; and سَاناهُ, inf. n. مُسَانَاةٌ; (K;) or عَامَلَهُ مُسُانَهَةً, and مُسَانَاةً; (Msb;) He made an engagement, or a contract, with him for work or the like, by the year: (K:) and اِسْتَأْجَرْتُهُ مُسَانَهَةً, and مُسَانَاةً, [I hired him by the year:] (S:) مُسَانَهَةٌ and مُسَانَاةٌ from السَّنَةُ are like مُعَاوَمَةٌ from العَامُ, and مُشَاهَرَةٌ from الشَّهْرُ, and مُرَابَعَةٌ from الرَّبِيعُ, &c. (TA in art. ربع.) b2: سانهت النَّخْلَةُ The palm-tree bore one year and not another; (As, K;) as also عَاوَمَت. (As, TA.) 4 أَسْنَهَ In this form of the verb, the final radical letter is changed into ت, so that they say أَسْنَتُوا, meaning They experienced drought, or barrenness. (TA. [See also art. سنت.]) 5 تَسَنَّهْتُ عِنْدَهُ, (S,) and تَسَنَّيْتُ عنده, (S, Msb,) I remained, stayed, dwelt, or abode, with him, or at his abode, a year: (Msb:) both signify the same. (TA.) [See also 5 in art. سنو and سنى.]

b2: تسنّهت النَّخْلَةُ (assumed tropical:) The palm-tree underwent the lapse of years; (S, Msb;) as also ↓ سَنِهَت: (S:) and in like manner one says of other things. (Msb.) b3: تسنّه said of food and of beverage, (Fr, S, TA,) (assumed tropical:) It became altered [for the worse]; as also ↓ سَنِهَ, aor. ـَ inf. n. سَنَهٌ: (TA:) or it became altered [for the worse] by the lapse of years: (Fr, S, TA:) and التَّسَنُّهُ in relation to bread and beverage &c. means the becoming mouldy, or musty, or spoiled. (S: and so in some copies of the K and in the TA: in other copies of the K, السَّنِهُ, like كَتِف, is put in the place of التَّسَنُّهُ; and المُتَكَرِّجُ in the place of the explanation التَّكَرُّجُ.) فَانْظُرْ إِلَى طَعَامِكَ وَشَرَابِكَ لَمْ يَتَسَنَّهْ, in the Kur [ii. 261], means (assumed tropical:) [But look at thy food and thy beverage,] it has not become altered [for the worse] by the lapse of years: (Fr, S, TA:) Az says that this is the right way of reading, by pronouncing the ه in يتسنّه in pausing after it and in continuing without pausing: Ks used to suppress the ه in the latter case and to pronounce it in the former: and Aboo-'Amr EshSheybánee says that the original form [of يَتَسَنَّ] is يَتَسَنَّنْ; the like change being made in it as is made in تَظَنَّيْتُ [for تَظَنَّنْتُ] and in قَصَّيَتُ أَظْفَارِى

[for قَصَّصْتُ اظفارى]. (TA. [See also 5 in art. سنو and سنى, last sentence.]) سَنَةٌ a word of which the final radical letter is rejected, (S, Msb,) and of which there are two dial. vars., (Msb,) being, accord. to some, originally سَنْهَةٌ, (S, Msb,) like جَبْهَةٌ (S) or سَجْدَةٌ, (Msb,) and accord to others, سَنْوةٌ, (S, * Msb,) like شَهْوَةٌ, and upon each of these originals are founded modifications of the word, (Msb,) therefore it is mentioned in the K [and S and other lexicons] in the present art. and again in art. سنو, (TA,) A year; syn. حَوْلٌ; (Msb;) or عَامٌ: (M, K:) or, as Suh says, in the R, the سَنَة is longer than the عَام; the latter word being applied to the [twelve] Arabian months [collectively], and thus differing from the former word: (TA:) with the Arabs it consists of four seasons, mentioned before [in art. زمن, voce زَمَنٌ]: but sometimes it is tropically applied to (tropical:) a single فَصْل [or quarter]; as in the saying, دَامَ المَطَرُ السَّنَةَ كُلَّهَا, meaning [The rain continued] during the فَصْل [or quarter, all of it]: (Msb:) [see more in art. سنو and سنى:] the dim. is ↓ سُنَيْهَةُ (S, Msb) accord. to those who make the original of سَنَةٌ to be سَنْهَةٌ, (Msb,) and ↓ سُنَيَّةٌ (S, Msb) accord. to those who make the original of سَنَةٌ to be سَنْوَةٌ; (Msb;) and some say سُنَيْنَةٌ, but this is rare: (TA:) the pl. is سَنَهَاتٌ (Msb, K) accord. to those who make the original of سَنَةٌ to be سَنْهةٌ, (Msb,) and سَنَوَاتٌ (Msb, K) accord. to those who make the original of سَنَةٌ to be سَنْوَةٌ; (Msb;) and سِنُونَ also, (S, Msb, K,) like the masc. perfect pl., (Msb,) [agreeably with a rule applying to other cases of this kind,] with kesr, to the س, (S, TA,) and سِنِينَ [in the accus. and gen. cases], (Msb, TA,) so that one says, هٰذِهِ سِنُونَ [These are years], and رَأَيْتُ سِنِينَ [I saw years], (TA,) and the ن is elided when it is prefixed to another noun, governing the latter in the gen. case, (Msb,) and some say سُنُونَ, with damm to the س; (S, TA;) and in one dial., the ى is retained in all the cases, and the ن is made a letter of declinability, with tenween when the word is indeterminate, [so that one says سِنِينٌ,] and is not elided when the word is prefixed to another noun, governing the latter in the gen. case, because it is [regarded as] one of the radical letters of the word; and of this dial. is the saying of the Prophet, اَللّٰهُمَّ اجْعَلْهَا عَلَيْهِمْ سِنِينًا كَسِنِينِ يُوسُفَ [O God, make them to be to them years like the years of Joseph]; (Msb; [but in my copy of the Mgh, I find كَسِنِى يُوسُفَ;]) or with respect to سِنِينٌ, like مِئِينٌ, with refa [and tenween], there are two opinions; one is, that it is of the measure فِعْلِينٌ, like غِسْلِينٌ, with a rejection [of one letter], though this is an anomalous pl., for there sometimes occurs among pls. that which has no parallel, as عِدًى, and this is the opinion of Akh; the other is, that it is of the measure فَعِيلٌ, changed to فِعِيلٌ because of the kesreh of the second letter; the pl. being in some instances of the measure فَعِيلٌ, like كَلِيبٌ and عَبِيدٌ; but he who holds this opinion makes its final ن to be a substitute for و, and that of مِائَةٌ a substitute for ى: (S:) you may also suppress the tenween in سِنِينٌ; [in which case it seems that one says سِنِينَ in the nom. case (assimilating it to سِنُونَ) as well as in the accus. and the gen.; like as one does in the instances of بُرِين and بِرِين, pls. of بُرَةٌ, accord. to the K, though, as I have shown in art. برو, there is some doubt on this point;] but the suppression of the tenween in سِنِينٌ is more rare than its pronunciation: (I' Ak p. 18:) and another pl. is سُنِىٌّ, [originally سُنُوٌّ,] of the measure فُعُولٌ. (Er-Rághib, TA in art. سنو.) The phrase ثَلٰثَ مِائَةٍ سِنِينَ, in the Kur [xviii. 24], is said by Akh to be for ثَلٰثَمِائَةٍ مِنَ السِّنِينَ [Three hundred of years]: and he says that if the سِنُون be an explicative of the مِائَة, it is in the gen. case [to agree with مِائَةٍ]; and if an explicative of the ثَلٰث, it is in the accus. case [to agree with ثَلٰثَ]. (S. [See also Bd on this phrase; and see De Sacy's Ar. Gr., 2nd ed., i. 423.]) [لِسَنَةٍ, relating to an animal or a plant or the like, means To the completion of a year: and لِسَنَتِهِ, to the completion of his, or its, year; i. e. in his, or its, first year.] And one says, ↓ لَقِيتُهُ مُنْذُ سُنَيَّاتٍ [I met him some years ago; three or more, to ten, years ago]: a phrase like لَقِيتُهُ ذَاتَ العُوَيْمِ. (Az, TA in art. عوم.) And ↓ سُنَيَّةٌ is a dim. of enhancement, of سَنَةٌ: one says سُنَيَّةٌ حَمْرَآءُ A severe year of drought or barrenness or dearth: (TA:) and البِيضِ ↓ وَقَعُوا فِى السُّنَيَّاتِ [They lapsed into the severe years of scantiness of herbage]: these were years that pressed hard upon the people of ElMedeeneh. (K, TA.) b2: سَنَةٌ [alone] also signifies (tropical:) Drought, or barrenness: (Msb, K, TA:) or vehement, or intense, drought: (TA in art. سنو:) an instance of a noun used especially in one of its senses, like دَابَّةٌ applied to “ a horse,” and مَالٌ applied to “ camels: ” pl., in this, as in the former, sense, سَنَهَاتٌ [and سَنَوَاتٌ] and سِنُونَ and سِنِينٌ. (TA.) One says of a land (أَرْضٌ), أَصَابَتْهَا السَّنَةُ (tropical:) Drought, or barrenness, befell it. (Msb.) And in like manner one says of people, أَصَابَتْهُمُ السَّنَهُ (tropical:) [Drought, &c., befell them]. (TA.) A seeker of herbage and of a place in which to alight was sent to a tract, and found it dried up by want of rain, and when he returned, being asked respecting it, he said, السَّنَةُ, meaning (tropical:) Drought, &c. [has befallen it]. (TA.) And it is said in a trad., اَللّٰهُمَّ أَعِنِّى عَلَى مُضَرَبِالسَّنَةِ, i. e. (tropical:) [O God, aid me against Mudar] by drought &c. (TA.) A2: It is also [used as an epithet,] applied to land (أَرْضٌ), as meaning (tropical:) Affected with drought, or barrenness; (As, S, K;) as also ↓ سَنْهَآءُ and سَنْوَآءُ. (Msb.) One says likewise, هٰذِهِ بِلَادٌ سِنِينٌ (tropical:) These are countries, or tracts, affected with drought &c.: and Et-Tirimmáh says بِمُنْخَرَقٍ تَحِنُّ الرِّيحُ فِيهِ حَنِينَ الحُلْبِ فِى البَلَدِ السِّنِينِ (tropical:) [In a gusty tract, the wind moaning therein like the moaning of the milch ewes or goats (see حَلُوبٌ) in the country affected with drought, or the countries, &c., بَلَد being regarded as a coll. gen. n. and therefore qualified by a pl., like قَوْمٌ in the phrase قَوْمٌ كَافِرُونَ]. (TA.) سَنَهْ سَنَهْ, also pronounced with teshdeed to the ن: see سَنًا, in art. سنو and سنى, last sentence.

طَعَامٌ سَنِهٌ (assumed tropical:) [Food, or wheat,] that has undergone the lapse of years; (Az, K;) as also سَنٍ. (Az, TA.) b2: See also مُتَسَنِّهٌ.

نَخْلَةٌ سَنْهَآءُ (assumed tropical:) A palm-tree that bears one year and not another: (S, K:) or a palm-tree affected by a year of drought. (S.) And سَنَةٌ سَنْهَآءُ A year in which is no herbage nor rain. (TA.) b2: See also سَنَةٌ, last sentence but one.

سُنَيْهَةٌ and سُنَيَّةٌ (dims. of سَنَةٌ), and the pl. سُنَيَّات: see سَنَةٌ, in five places: and see also سُنَيَّةٌ in art. سنو and سنى.

مُتَسَنِّهٌ, applied to bread, (S, K,) and so ↓ سَنِهٌ applied to bread and to beverage &c., (CK, but see 5, third sentence,) (assumed tropical:) Mouldy, or musty, or spoiled. (S, K.)