بصر

1 بَصُرَ, [aor. ـُ (Sb, M, K,) and بَصِرَ, [aor. ـَ (Lh, K, ) inf. n. بَصَرٌ and بَصَارَةٌ and بِصَارَةٌ, (M, K,) [He saw; i. e.] he became seeing; syn.صَارَ مُبْصِرًا; (Sb, M, K;) with بِ prefixed to the noun following. (K.) But see 4, in four places. بَصُرَ is seldom used to signify the sense of sight unless to this meaning is conjoined that of mental perception. (B.) b2: [Hence,] بَصُرَ, [and بَصِرَ.] inf. n. بَصَارَةٌ [and بَصَرٌ], He was, or became, endowed with mental perception; or belief, or firm belief; or knowledge, understanding, intelligence, or skill. (S, * M, TA.) And بَصُرَبِهِ, (S Msb, B,) and بَصِرَبِهِ, and sometimes بَصُرَهُ and بَصِرَهُ, but more chastely with بِ, inf. n. [بَصَارَةٌ and] بَصَرٌ; (Msb;) and * ابصرهُ; (B;) He perceived it mentally; (B;) he knew it [or understood it]. (S, Msb.) بَصُرْتُ بِمَا لَمْ يَبْصُرُوا بِهِ, in the Kur [xx. 96], means I knew that which they knew not. (S.) A2: بَصَرَ الأَدِيمَيْنِ, aor. ـُ (T, K,) inf. n. بَصْرٌ, (S, M, K,) He put the two hides together, and sewed them, like as the two edges of a garment, or piece of cloth, are sewed, one being put upon the other; which [mode of sewing] is contrary to, or different from, that in which a garment, or piece of cloth, is sewed before it is sewed the second time: (S:) or he put together the two edges of the two hides, when they were being sewed, (M, K,) like as a garment, or piece of cloth, is sewed. (M.) 2 بصّر He (a whelp) opened his eyes. (M, K.) A2: بصّرهُ, (S, K,) inf. n. تَبْصِيرٌ; (TA;) or * ابصرهُ; (accord. to some copies of the K; [see مُبْصِرٌ, as confirmatory of the latter; but both seem to be correct;]) It [or he] made him [or caused him] to see, or to have sight: or to have mental perception, or knowledge, or skill: syn. جَعَلَهُ بَصِيرًا. (S, K.) b2: And the former, (K,) inf. n. as above, (S, K,) He made him to know. (S, K) You say, بَصَّرْتُهُ بِهِ, (A, Msb,) inf. n. as above, (Msb,) I made him to know it; acquainted him with it. (A, Msb.) And بصّرهُ الأَمْرَ, inf. n. as above and تَبْصِرَةٌ, He made him to understand the affair, or case. (M.) b3: Also He rendered it apparent, or plainly apparent, conspicuous, manifest, or evident. (S, K.) A3: بُصِّرَتْ بِدِمَامٍ, said of the feathers of an arrow, They were besmeared بِالبَصِيرَةِ, i. e. with blood: (S:) or were strengthened and fastened with glue. (M.) A4: Also بصّر, inf. n. تَبْصِيرٌ; (S, K) and ↓ ابصر; (K;) He went, (S,) or came, (M, K,) to the city of El-Basrah (البَصْرَة). (S, M, K.) 3 باصرهُ He looked with at a thing, trying which of them two would see it before the other. (M.) And بَاصَرَا They two looked, trying which of them would see first. (K.) b2: He elevated himself, or rose up, or stood up, so as to be higher than the surrounding objects, (أَشْرَفَ,) looking at him, or towards him, from afar. (S.) b3: See also 4.4 ابصرهُ, (Lh S M, A, &c.,) inf. n. إِبْصَارٌ, (Msb,) He saw him, or it, (Lh, S, A, Mgh, Msb,) بِرُؤْيَةِ العَيْنِ by the sight of the eye; (Msb;) as also بِهِ ↓ بَصُرَ: (A:) or he looked (M, K) at, or towards, him, or it, (M,) trying whether he could see him, or it; (M, K;) as also بِهِ ↓ بَصُرَ, inf. n.بَصَرٌ and بَصَارَةٌ and بِصَارَةٌ; (M;) and به ↓بَصِرَ; (Lh, M;) and ↓ تبّصرهُ; (M, K;) and ↓ باصرهُ: (M:) or, accord. to Sb, ↓ بَصُرَ [is used when no object of sight is mentioned, and] signifies he [saw, or] became seeing: and ابصرهُ is said when one mentions that upon which his eye has fallen. (M.) You say also, أَبْصِرَ إِلَىَّ Look thou at me: or turn thy face towards me. (Ibn-Buzurj, TA.) b2: See also 1.

A2: And see 2.

A3: أَبْصِرْ بِهِ وَ أَسْمِعْ, in the Kur [xviii. 25], means مَا أَبْصَرَهُ وَ مَا أَسْمَعَهُ (Jel) (tropical:) How clear is his sight! and how clear his hearing! the pronoun relating to God; (Bd, Jel;) and thus used, the phrase is tropical; i. e., nothing escapes his sight and hearing. (Jel.) And أَسْمِعْ بِهِمْ وَ أَبْصِرْ, in the same [xix. 39], means مَا أَسْمَعَهُمْ وَ مَا أَبْصَرَهُمْ (S in art. سمع, and Jel) How clearly shall they hear! and how clearly shall they see! (S, Bd, Jel:) or the meaning is, do thou make them to hear, and make them to see, the threats of that day which is afterwards mentioned, and what shall befall them therein. (Bd.) A4: أَبْصَرَ also signifies He relinquished infidelity, and adopted the true belief. (IAar.) A5: See also 10.

A6: He hung upon the door of his dwelling a بَصِيرَة, i. e. an oblong piece of cotton or other cloth. (TA.) A7: See also 2, last sentence.5 تبصّرهُ He looked at it; namely, a thing: or looked long at it: or glanced lightly at it: like رَمَقَهُ: (TA:) or he sought, or endeavoured, to see it: (Mgh:) or i. q. أَبْصَرَهُ, in a sense explained above; see 4. (M.) You say also, تَبَصَّرْ لِى فُلَانًا [Consider thou, or examine thou, for me, such a one, that thou mayest obtain a clear knowledge of him]. (TA.) And تبصّر فِى شَىْءٍ He considered a thing, endeavouring to obtain a clear knowledge of it; he looked into it, considered it, examined it, or studied it, repeatedly, until he knew it: he sought, or sought leisurely, or repeatedly, after the knowledge of it, until he knew it. (S, * K, * TA.) And تبصّر فِى رَأْيِهِ signifies the same as فِيهِ ↓ استبصر, i. e. He sought, or endeavoured, to see, or discover, what would happen to him, of good and evil. (M.) 6 تباصروا They saw one another. (M, K.) b2: [تباصر also signifies He feigned himself seeing, either ocularly or mentally; contr. of تَعَامَى.]10 استبصر [He sought, or endeavoured, to see, or to perceive mentally]. You say, استبصر فِى

رَأْيِهِ: see 5, last sentence. b2: He had, or was endowed with, [mental perception, or] knowledge, (Msb,) [or understanding, intelligence, or skill: as in the phrase,] استبصر فِى شَىْءٍ [He had a mental perception, or knowledge, &c., of, or in relation to, a thing]. (S.) [See مُسْتَبْصِرٌ.]

A2: It (a road, TA) was, or became, plain, clear, manifest, or conspicuous; (K, * TA;) as also ↓ ابصر. (A.) بَصْرٌ: see بَصْرَةٌ, in four places: and see بُصْرَةٌ.

بُصْرٌ The thickness of anything; (M;) as of the heaven, (TA,) or of each heaven [of the seven heavens], (S, A, TA,) and of the earth, [or of each of the seven earths,] and of the skin of a man, (TA,) and of a garment, or piece of cloth. (A.) You say ثَوْبٌ جَيِّدُ البُصْرِ A thick garment or piece of cloth. (M.) صُبْرٌ, formed by transposition, signifies the same. (S in art. صبر.) b2: A side: (S, M, K:) the edge of anything: (S, K:) formed by transposition from صُبْرٌ. (M.) A2: Cotton: (K:) whence بَصِيرَةٌ signifying “an oblong piece of cotton cloth.” (TA.) A3: See also بَصْرَةٌ.

بِصْرٌ: see بَصْرَةٌ, in five places.

بَصَرٌ The sense of sight, (Lth, S,) or of the eye: (M, K:) or the light whereby the organ [of sight] (الجَارِحَة) perceives the things seen (المُبْصَرَات): (Msb:) pl. أَبْصَارٌ. (M, Msb, K.) [Hence,] صَلَاةُ البَصَرِ The prayer of sunset: or, as some say, of daybreak: because performed when the darkness becomes mixed with the light: (TA:) or because performed when the stars are seen: also called صَلَاةُ الشَّاهِدِ: (TA in art. شهد:) or because performed at a time when the eyes see corporeal forms, after the intervention of darkness, or before it. (JM.) And لَقِيَهُ بَصَرًا He met him when eyes saw one another: or at the beginning of darkness, when there remained enough light for objects to be distinguished thereby: [accord. to some,] the noun is used [in the sense which it here bears] only as an adv. n. [of time]. (M.) And رَأَيْتُهُ بَيْنَ سَمْعِ الأَرْضِ وَبَصَرِهَا (tropical:) I saw him in a vacant tract of land, or of the earth, where nothing but it heard or saw me. (A.) [See also سَمْعٌ, in two places.] b2: See also بَصِيرَةٌ, first sentence, in four places. b3: Also The eye; [and so ↓ بَاصِرَةٌ;] syn. عَيْنٌ; but of the masc. gender: (TA:) pl. as above: (Kur ii. 6, &c.:) but the sing. is also used in a pl. sense [like سَمْعٌ]. (TA in art. سمع.) See two exs. voce بَصِيرةٌ.

بَصْرَةٌ Soft stones; (AA, M, Msb;) i. q. كَذَّانُ; (AA, M;) as also ↓ بِصْرٌ (M, Msb) and ↓ بَصْرٌ; or, accord. to Zj, this last is not allowable: (Msb:) or soft stones in which is whiteness: (K:) or in which is some whiteness: (TA:) or soft stones inclining to white; as also ↓ بِصْرٌ, with kesr if without ة: (S:) [i. e. whitish soft stones:] or soft white stone; as also ↓ بِصْرٌ (M) and ↓ بَصْرٌ: (TA:) or glistening stones; as also ↓ بِصْرٌ: (Fr:) pl. بِصَارٌ: (M:) and rugged ground: (K:) or stones of rugged ground; (TA;) as also ↓ بِصْرٌ and ↓ بَصْرٌ and ↓ بُصْرٌ: (Kz, TA:) or these three words, without ة, signify thick, or rough, or rugged, stone: (K:) or the same three, hard, or strong, and thick, or rough, or rugged, stone: (Lh, M:) and بَصْرَةٌ signifies, also, land that is as though it were a mountain of gypsum: (ISh, L:) or land of which the stones are gypsum; (M, TA;) as also ↓ بَصَرَةٌ and ↓ بَصِرَةٌ; (so in a copy of the M, but accord. to the TA ↓ بُصْرَةٌ and ↓ بِصْرَةٌ;) but the last is app. an epithet: (M: [see بَصِرَةٌ, below; and بُصْرَةٌ:]) also tough clay in which is gypsum; (TA;) and ↓ بَصِرَةٌ signifies tough clay: (M, TA:) or بَصْرَةٌ, (M,) or ↓ بَصْرٌ, (TA,) tough and good clay, containing pebbles. (Lh, M, TA.) بُصْرَةٌ [in the TA, as on the authority of ISd, ↓ بَصْرَةٌ,] Good red land. (M, K.) See also بَصْرَةٌ.

بِصْرَةٌ: see بَصْرَةٌ.

بَصَرَةٌ: see بَصْرَةٌ.

أَرْضٌ بَصِرَةٌ Land in which are stones that cut the hoofs of beasts. (TA.) See also بَصْرَةٌ, in two places.

بَصِيرٌ Seeing; i. q. ↓ مُبْصِرٌ; (M, K;) contr. of ضَرِيرٌ: (S:) of the measure فَعِيلٌ in the sense of the measure مُفْعِلٌ, (M,) or of the measure فَاعِلٌ [i. e. ↓ بَاصِرٌ] : (TA:) pl. بُصَرَآءُ. (M, K.) One says, إِنَّهُ لَبَصِيرٌ بِالعَيْنَيْنِ Verily he is one who sees with the two eyes. (Lh, M.) [Hence,] البَصِيرُ, as a name of God, The All-seeing; He who sees all things, both what are apparent thereof and what are occult, without any organ [of vision]. (TA.) And The dog; (M;) as also أَبُو بَصِيرٍ: (Msb:) because it is one of the most sharp-sighted of animals. (M.) b2: Endowed with mental perception; (B;) knowing; skilful; possessing understanding, intelligence, or skill: (S, M, A, Msb, K:) pl. as above. (A.) One says, أَنَا بَصِيرٌ بِهِ I am knowing in it, or respecting it. (Msb.) and إِنَّهُ لَبَصِيرٌ بِالأَشْيَآءِ Verily he is knowing, or skilful, in things. (Lh, M.) And رَجُلٌ بَصِيرٌ بِالعِلْمِ A man knowing, or skilful, in science. (M.) and هُوَ مِنَ البُصَرَآءِ بِالِتّجَارَةِ He is of those who are knowing, or skilful, in commerce. (A.) b3: It is also an epithet applied to A blind man; (A'Obeyd, M, B;) and so أَبُو بَصِيرٍ: (TA in art. عور:) so applied as meaning endowed with mental perception; (B;) or as meaning a believer; (A'Obeyd, M;) or as an epithet of good omen: (M:) and أَبُو بَصِيرٍ is used as meaning الأَعْشَى [the weaksighted, &c.,] for this last reason. (M.) A2: See also بَصِيرَةٌ.

بَصِيرَةٌ Mental perception; the perceptive faculty of the mind; as also ↓ بَصَرٌ: (B:) knowledge; (Msb;) as also ↓ بَصَرٌ (S, Msb) and اِسْتِبْصَارٌ: (Msb:) understanding; intelligence; skill: (M, K:) البَصِيرَةُ signifies الاِ سْتِبْصَارُ فِى الشَّىْءِ [which implies all the meanings above: see 10]: (S:) and القَلْبِ ↓ بَصَرُ [in like manner] signifies mental perception or vision or view; idea, or opinion, occurring to the mind: (M, K:) the pl. of بَصِيرَةٌ is بَصَائرُ; (M, B;) and the pl. of ↓ بَصَرٌ, as syn. therewith, أَبْصَارٌ. (B.) [Sometimes it is opposed to بَصَرٌ, as in the first and second of the following exs.] أَهُونُ مِنْ عِمَى البَصَائِرِ ↓ عَمَى الأَبْصَارِ [Blindness of the eyes is a lighter thing than blindness of the perceptive faculties of the mind]. (A.) When Mo'áwiyeh said to Ibn-(??)Abbás, يَابَنِى

↓ هَاشِمٍ تُصَابُونَ فِى أَبْصَارِكُمْ [O sons of Háshim, ye are afflicted in your eyes], the latter replied, وَأَنْتُمْ يَا بَنِى أُمَيَّةَ تُصَابُونَ فِى بَصَائِرِكُمْ [And ye, O sons of Umeiyeh, are afflicted in your perceptive faculties of the mind]. (M.) and the Arabs say, أَعْمَى اللّٰهُ بَصَائِرَةُ May God blind his faculties of understanding! And one says, لَهُ فِرَاسَةٌ ذَاتُ بَصِيرَةٍ, and بَصَائِرَ, (tropical:) He possesses true intuitive perception. (A.) And رَأَيْتُ عَلَيْكَ ذَاتَ البَصَائِرِ (tropical:) [I saw impressed upon thee the signs of perceptive faculties of the mind]. (A.) b2: Also Belief, or firm belief, of the heart, or mind. (M, K.) And عَلَى بَصِيرَةٍ According to, or agreeably with, knowledge and assurance: (TA:) and purposely; intentionally. (M, TA.) And عَلَى غَيْرِ بَصِيرَةٍ

Without certainty. (M, TA.) b3: Constancy, or firmness, in religion. (TA.) b4: An evidence, a testimony, a proof, an argument, or the like; as also ↓ مَبْصَرَةٌ (S, K) and ↓ مَبْصَرٌ. (K.) b5: [and hence,] Blood, (M,) or somewhat thereof, (As, S, K,) by which one is directed to an animal that has been shot, or to the knowledge thereof: (As, AA, S, M, K:) or blood upon the ground; (Az, S;) what sticks upon the ground, not upon the body: (M:) what adheres to the body is termed جَدِيَّةٌ: (Az, S:) or a portion of blood of the size of a dirhem: (TA:) or what is of a round form, like a shield: or what is of an oblong form: or what is of the size of the فِرْسِن [or foot] of the camel: in all these explanations, blood being meant: or blood not flowing: or what flows thereof at one single time: (M:) or a portion of blood that glistens: (B:) and (as some say, M) the blood of a virgin: (M, K:) and blood-revenge: and a fine for homicide: (TA:) pl. بَصَائِرُ, as above: (S, M:) and ↓ بَصِيرٌ, which occurs in a verse cited by AHn, may also be a pl. of بَصِيرَةٌ, applied to blood, [or rather a coll. gen. n., of which بصيرة is the n. un.,] like as شَعِيرٌ is of شَعِيرَةٌ; or it may be for بصيرة, the ة being elided by poetic license; or it may be a dial. var. of بصيرة, like as one says بَيَاضٌ and بَيَاضَةٌ. (M.) ElAs'ar El-Joafee says, رَاحوا بَصَائِرُهُمْ عَلَى أَكْتَافِهِمْ وَبَصِيرَتِى يَعْدُو بِهَا عَتَدٌ وَأَى

[They went with their blood upon their shoulderblades; but my blood, a ready and swift and strong horse runs with it]; meaning, they neglected the blood of their father, and left it behind them; i. e., they did not take revenge for it; but I have sought my blood-revenge: (S, M: *) but see another explanation in what follows. (S. [See also Ham p. 59.]) b6: (tropical:) A witness: (Lh, S, * M, Mgh, K:) an observer and a witness. (A.) بَلِ الإِنْسَانُ عَلَى نَفْسِهِ بَصِيرَةٌ, in the Kur [lxxv. 14], means (tropical:) Nay, the man shall be witness against himself: (S, Mgh:) or it means that his arms, or hands, and his legs, or feet, and his tongue, shall be witnesses against him on the day of resurrection: (M:) Akh says that it is like the saying to a man, أَنْتَ حُجَّةٌ عَلَى نَفْسِكَ: (S:) the ة is added because the members are meant thereby; (B;) or to give intensiveness to the signification, (Mgh, B,) as in عَلَّامَةٌ and رَاوِيَةٌ; (B;) or because the meaning is عَيْنٌ بَصِيرَةٌ. (Mgh.) You say also, اِجْعَلْنِى بَصِيرَةً عَلَيْهِمْ (tropical:) Make thou me an observer of them and a witness against them. (Lh, * M, * A.) b2: An example by which one is admonished: (K:) pl. بَصَائِرُ; which is said to be used agreeably with this interpretation in the Kur xxviii. 43. (TA.) You say, أَمَا لَكَ بَصِيرَةٌ فِيهِ (tropical:) Hast thou not an example whereby thou shouldst be admonished in him? (TA.) A2: A shield: (AO, S, M, K:) or a glistening shield: or an oblong shield: (TA:) and a coat of mail: (AO, S, M, K:) and any defensive armour: (M, TA:) and بَصَائِرُ السِّلَاحِ any arms that are worn: and بِصَارٌ, as well as بَصَائِرُ, is a pl. thereof. (TA.) Accord. to AO, the verse of El-Joafee cited above commences thus: حَمَلُوا بَصَائِرَهُمْ عَلَى أَكْتَافِهِمْ and the meaning is, [They bore] their shields [upon their shoulder-blades]; or their coats of mail. (S.) A3: An oblong piece of cloth (K, TA) of cotton or other material. (TA.) [See بُصْرٌ.] Such is hung upon the door of a dwelling. (TA.) And you say, رَأَيْتُ عَلَيْهِ بَصِيرَةً, i. e. شُقَّةً مُلَفَّقَةً

[app. meaning I saw upon him a garment composed of two oblong pieces of cloth joined and sewed together]. (TA.) b2: What is between the two oblong pieces of cloth [i. e. between any two of such pieces] of a بَيْت [or tent]; (S, K;) and what is between the two pieces of a مَزَادَة and the like; what is sewed, thereof, in the manner termed بَصْرٌ [inf. n. of بَصَرَ: see 1, last sentence]: (B:) pl. بَصَائِرُ: (S:) and ↓ بَاصِرٌ signifies [in like manner] what is joined and sewed together (مُلَفَّق) between two oblong pieces of cloth or two pieces of rag. (TA.) بَاصِرٌ: see بَصِيرٌ. b2: لَمْحٌ بَاصِرٌ (tropical:) An intent, or a hard, glance: (M, K:) or a very intent or hard glance. (S.) You say, أَرَيْتُهُ لَمْحًا بَاصِرًا (tropical:) I showed him a very intent or hard glance: (S, M: *) باصرا being here used for the augmented epithet [مُبْصِرًا]; (M;) or it is a possessive epithet, (Yaakoob, M,) like لَابِنٌ and تَامِرٌ, meaning ذُو بَصَرٍ, from أَبْصَرْتُ, like مَوْتٌ مَائِتٌ from

أَمَتُّ; and it means I showed him a severe thing. (S.) And لَقِىَ مِنْهُ لَمْحًا بَاصِرًا (tropical:) He experienced from him a manifest, or an evident, thing. (M. [See also art. لمح.]) And رَأَى فُلَانٌ لَمْحًا بَاصِرًا (tropical:) Such a one beheld a terrible thing. (Lth, TA.) And أَرَانِى الزَّمَانُ لَمْحًا بَاصِرًا (tropical:) Fortune showed me a terrifying thing. (A.) b3: It is said in a prov., خَيْرُ الغَدَآءِ بَوَاكِرُهُ وَخَيْرُ العَشَآءِ بَوَاصِرُهُ, [the word بَوَاصِرُ being pl. of ↓ بَاصِرَةٌ,] meaning [The best kinds of morning-meal are those thereof that are early; and the best kinds of evening-meal are those thereof] in which the food is seen, before the invasion of night. (Meyd. See Freytag's Arab. Prov. i. 442.) b4: بَاصِرَةٌ [as an epithet in which the quality of a subst. predominates]: see بَصَرٌ.

A2: See also بَصَيرَةٌ, last sentence.

بَاصِرَةٌ: see بَصَرٌ: and see بَاصِرٌ.

بَاصُورٌ: see بَاسُورٌ.

بِنْصِرٌ: see art. بنصر.

أَبْصَرُ [More, and most, sharp-sighted or clearsighted: see an ex. voce حَيَّةٌ].

مَبْصَرٌ: see بَصَيرةٌ.

مُبْصَرٌ and its fem. مُبْصَرَةٌ: see the next paragraph, in three places.

مُبْصِرٌ: see بَصِيرٌ. b2: [Hence,] (tropical:) A watcher, or guard, set in a garden. (A.) b3: And المُبْصِرُ (assumed tropical:) The lion, which sees his prey from afar, and pursues it. (K.) A2: [Making, or causing, to see, or to have sight: and hence, giving light; shining; illumining: and conspicuous; manifest; evident; apparent: also making, or causing, to have mental perception, or knowledge, or skill.] وَالنَّهَارَ مُبْصِرًا, in the Kur [x. 68, &c. (in the CK ↓ والنّهارُ مُبْصَرًا)], means, And the day [causing to see; or] in which one sees; (K;) giving light; shining; or illumining. (TA.) And فَلَمَّا جَآءَتْهُمْ آيَاتُنَا مُبْصِرَةً, also in the Kur [xxvii. 13], (assumed tropical:) And when our signs came to them, making them to have sight, or to have mental perception, or knowledge, or skill; expl. by تَجْعَلُهُمْ بُصَرَآءَ: (Akh, S, K:) or giving light; shining; or illumining: (S:) or being conspicuous, manifest, or evident: or we may read ↓ مُبْصَرَةً, meaning having become manifest, or evident. (Zj, M.) And آتَيْنَا ثَمُودَ النَّاقَةَ مُبْصِرَةً, also in the Kur [xvii. 61], (assumed tropical:) And we gave to Thamood the she-camel, by means of which they had sight, or mental perception, or knowledge, or skill: (Akh:) or a sign giving light, shining, or illumining; (Fr, T;) and this is the right explanation: (T:) or a manifest, or an evident, sign: (Zj, L, K:) and some read ↓ مُبْصَرَةً, meaning having become manifest, so as to be seen. (Zj, L.) And جَعَلْنَا آيَةَ النَّهَارِ مُبْصِرَةً, also in the Kur [xvii. 13], (tropical:) We have made the sign of the day manifest, or apparent. (K, TA.) A3: One who hangs upon his door a بَصِيرَة, i. e. an oblong piece of cloth (K, TA) of cotton or other material. (TA.) مَبْصَرَةٌ: see بَصِيرَةٌ.

مُسْتَبْصِرٌ One who seeks, or endeavours, to see a thing plainly or clearly [either with the eyes or with the mind]. (TA, from a trad.) b2: وَكَانُوا مُسْتَبْصِرِينَ, in the Kur [xxix. 37], means, and they were endowed with perceptive faculties of the mind, or of knowledge, or of skill: (Jel:) or they clearly perceived, when they did what they did, that the result thereof would be their punishment. (M.) And you say, هُوَ مُسْتَبْصِرٌ فِى دِينِهِ وَعَمَلِهِ He is endowed with mental perception, or knowledge, or understanding, intelligence, or skill, in his religion and his actions. (TA.)

بنق

1 بَنَقَ, (K,) aor. ـُ inf. n. بَنْقٌ, (TK,) He joined [a thing to another thing, like as the بَنِيقَة of a shirt is joined: see the pass. part. n., below]; syn. وَصَلَ. (K.) 2 بنّق القَمِيصَ, inf. n. تَبْنِيقٌ, He put a بَنِيقَة to the shirt. (K.) b2: بنّق الجَعْبَةَ (tropical:) He made the upper part of the quiver wide [by adding to it the like of a بَنِيقَة (see the pass. part. n., below,)], and the lower part narrow: (K, TA:) or he widened its upper part, the lower part being [or remaining] narrow. (JK.) بِنَقٌ: see what next follows.

بِنَقَةٌ: see what next follows.

بِنَيقٌ: see what next follows.

بِنَيقَةٌ The لِبْنَة, (Az, Abu-l-Hajjáj El-Aalam, JK, S, K,) or دِخْرِصَة, (Abu-l-'Abbás El-Ahwal, TA,) [both of which signify the gore,] of a shirt, (Az, S, K,) or of a garment; (JK;) or the دخرصة is longer than the لبنة: (Seer, TA:) and any piece that is added in a garment or a leathern bucket to widen it: (Abu-l-Hajjáj ElAalam, TA:) or, accord. to IDrd, the دخاريص of a shirt: (TA: [but this is app. a mistranscription for its sing. دِخْرِيص, q. v., a dial. var. of دِخْرِصَة:]) or the جُرُبَّان [or opening at the neck and bosom] of a shirt: (K:) جربّان is prefixed to البنيقة in a verse of Jereer, governing the latter in the gen. case, to show that both these words have the same meaning: (TA:) ↓ بِنَقَةٌ, also, signifies the same as بنيقة; (JK, K; [in the latter of which it is mentioned in such a manner as perhaps to denote that it has only the last of the significations above; but I think that this restriction is not meant;]) and its pl. [or rather the coll. gen. n.] is ↓ بِنَقٌ: (Ibn-'Abbád, TA:) Th mentions بَنَائِقٌ and بِنَقٌ, and says that the latter is a pl. pl. ; [i. e., pl. of the former;] but this is unintelligible: (TA:) بَنَائِقٌ is pl. of بَنِيقَةٌ, (JK, S, &c.,) and syn. with دَخَارِيصٌ. (JK.) Az cites, from Mejnoon, كَمَا ضَمَّ أَزْرَارَ القَمِيصِ البَنَائِقٌ (S, IB,) which is an inverted phrase; the meaning being, كَمَا ضَمَّ أَزْرَارُ القَمِيصِ البَنَائِقَا [Like as the buttons of the shirt draw together the gores: if the last word mean the gores]: or, if the بنيقة of the shirt be really its جربّان, the meaning is intelligible [without inversion]; for its جربّان is the part around the neck, upon which are sewed the buttons; and when one desires to draw it together, he puts its buttons into the loops, and so draws together the bosom [of the shirt, with its buttons,] to the uppermost part of the chest. (IB, TA.) Aboo-'Amr Esh-Sheybánee explains البنائق, here, as meaning the loops into which the buttons are inserted; and accord. to this explanation the meaning is plain, not requiring the supposition of inversion nor of deviation from the usual way: but the first explanation is that which is generally given. (TA.) In the saying, ↓ قَدْ أَغْتَدِى وَ الدَّهْرُ ذُو بَنِيقِ [in the last word of which, ة is elided; lit., Sometimes I go forth early in the morning, when the time has a بَنِيقَة;] Lth says that the whiteness of the dawn is likened to the whiteness of the بنيقة; citing another verse, in which a shirt is described as having white بنائق. (TA.) جَعْبَةٌ مُبنَّقَةٌ (tropical:) A quiver that is widened: (Ibn-'Abbád, TA:) or in the upper part of which is added what resembles a بَنِيقَة, to enlarge it. (A, TA.) b2: طَرِيقٌ مُبَنَّقٌ (tropical:) A wide road. (TA.) أَرْضٌ مَبْنُوقَةٌ (assumed tropical:) Land joined (مَوْصُولَة) to other land, like as the بَنِيقَة of a shirt is joined. (ISd, TA.) And مَفَازَةٌ مَبْنُوقَةٌ, (JK,) or مَبْنُوقَةٌ بِأُخْرَى, (TA,) (tropical:) [A desert, or a desert in which is no water, &c.,] joined to another. (JK, TA.)

ضمن

1 ضَمِنَ الشَّىْءَ, (IAar, S, K,) or المَالَ, (Mgh, Msb,) and ضَمِنَ بِهِ, (Msb, K,) aor. ـَ (K,) inf. n. ضَمَانٌ (IAar, S, Msb, K) and ضَمْنٌ, (K,) He was, or became, responsible, answerable, accountable, amenable, surety, or guarantee, (S, Mgh, K,) for the thing, (S, K,) or for the property: (Mgh:) or he made himself responsible, &c., for it; syn. اِلْتَزَمَهُ; (Msb;) and so, in this sense, ↓ تضمّنهُ, (S, * K,) quasi-pass. of ضَمَّنَهُ: (S, K:) [as though he had it within his grasp, or in his possession; for] the primary signification of الضَّمَانُ is التَّحْصِيلُ: (Msb:) some of the lawyers say that it is from الضَّمُّ; but this is a mistake; (Msb, TA;) for the ن is radical. (Msb.) And ضَمِنَ لَهُ كَذَا He was, or became, responsible, &c., to him for such a thing. (MA.) And ضَمِنَ المَالَ مِنْهَ He was, or became, responsible, &c., to him for the property [received from him]. (Mgh.) b2: See also 5, in four places. b3: ضَمِنَهُ signifies also (assumed tropical:) He learned it; acquired a knowledge of it. (TA.) A2: And ضَمِنَ, (S, Msb, K,) aor. ـَ (K,) inf. n. ضَمَنٌ, (S, Msb, K, *) (assumed tropical:) He (a man, S) had, or was affected with, a malady of long continuance, or such as crippled him; (S, Msb, K;) was afflicted in his body (S, * K, TA) by some trial, or fracture, or other ailment. (S, * TA.) And ضَمِنَتْ يَدُهُ, inf. n. ضَمَانَةٌ, (assumed tropical:) His arm, or hand, was affected with a malady of long continuance, or such as crippled. (Fr, TA.) 2 ضمّنهُ الشَّىْءَ, (S, MA, K,) or المَالَ, (Mgh, Msb,) inf. n. تَضْمِينٌ, (S,) He made him to be responsible, answerable, accountable, amenable, surety, or guarantee, (S, MA, Mgh, Msb, K,) for the thing, (S, MA, K,) or for the property. (Mgh, Msb.) [See an ex. in a verse cited voce مُعَبَّدٌ.] b2: ضَمَّنْتُ الشَّىْءَ كَذَا I made the thing to comprise, comprehend, or contain, such a thing. (Msb.) Hence, ضَمَّنَ اللّٰهُ أَصْلَابَ الفُحُولِ النَّسْلَ [God has made the loins of the stallions to comprise, in the elemental state, the progeny]. (Msb.) And ضمّنهُ الوِعَآءَ He put it (i. e. anything) into the receptacle. (S, K.) And ضمّن المَيِّتَ القَبْرَ He deposited the dead body in the grave. (TA.) And ضمّن الكِتَابَ كَذَا (assumed tropical:) He made the writing to comprise, or include, such a thing. (MA.) [And ضمّن الكَلَامَ كَذَا (assumed tropical:) He made, or held, the sentence, or speech, or phrase, to imply such a thing. And ضمّن الكَلِمَةَ مَعْنَى كَذَا (assumed tropical:) He made the word to imply or import, such a meaning.] b3: التَّضْمِينُ as a conventional term of those who treat of elegance of speech is (assumed tropical:) The making poetry to comprise a verse [of another poet]: (TA:) or the introducing into poetry a hemistich, or a verse, or two verses, of another poet, to complete the meaning intended, and for the purpose of corroborating the meaning, on the condition of notifying it as borrowed, beforehand, or of its being well known, so that the hearer will not imagine it to be stolen: and if it is a hemistich, or less than that, it is termed رَفْوٌ. (Har p. 267.) and as a conventional term of those who treat of versification, (assumed tropical:) The making a verse to be not complete otherwise than with what follows it. (TA.) 5 تَضَمَّنَ see 1, first sentence. b2: تضمّن الشَّىْءُ كَذَا The thing comprised, comprehended, or contained, such a thing. (Msb.) Hence, تَضَمَّنَتْ أَصْلَابُ الفُحُولِ النَّسْلَ and ↓ ضَمِنَتْهُ [The loins of the stallions comprised, in the elemental state, the progeny]. (Msb.) And تضمّن القَبْرُ المَيِّتَ The grave had the dead body deposited in it. (TA.) and تضمّن الكِتَابُ كَذَا [and ↓ ضَمِنَهُ] (assumed tropical:) The writing comprised, or included, such a thing. (S, MA, K.) And تضمّن الكَلَامُ كَذَا [and ↓ ضَمِنَهُ, as is indicated in the first sentence of this art.,] (assumed tropical:) The sentence, or speech, or phrase, comprehended, or comprised, within its scope, [or implied,] such a thing; syn. حَصَّلَهُ. (Msb.) [And تَضَمَّنَتِ الكَلِمَةُ مَعْنَى كَذَا and ↓ ضَمِنَتْهُ (assumed tropical:) The word implied such a meaning.]

ضِمْنٌ (tropical:) The طَىّ, (S, MA, K,) i. e. the inside, (MA, TK,) [lit. the folding,] of a writing, or letter. (S, MA, K, TA.) You say, أَنْفَذْتُهُ ضِمْنَ كِتَابِى i. e. فِى طَيِّهِ (tropical:) [I sent it, or transmitted it, within the folding of my writing or letter; mean-ing infolded, or enclosed, in it; included in it; or in the inside of it]. (S, TA.) And فِى ضِمْنِ كَلَامِهِ [and كِتَابِهِ] means (assumed tropical:) Among the contents, or implications, of his speech [and of his writing or letter] (فى مَطَاوِيهِ); and the indications thereof. (Msb.) A2: A thing that satisfies the stomach: thus, مَا أَغْنَى عَنِّى فُلَانٌ ضِمْنًا meansSuch a one did not stand me in stead, or supply my want, of anything, even as much as a thing that would satisfy the stomach. (IAar, TA.) ضَمَنٌ (S, K) and ↓ ضَمَانٌ and ↓ ضَمَانَةٌ (S, Msb, K) (tropical:) A malady of long continuance, or such as cripples; (S, Msb, K, TA;) an affliction in the body, (S, * K, TA,) by some trial, or fracture, or other ailment; (S, TA;) and ↓ ضُمْنَةٌ signifies the same; (K;) and [simply] a disease, or malady; (S, K;) as in the saying, كَانَتْ ضُمْنَةُ فُلَانٍ أَرْبَعَةَ أَشْهُرٍ (tropical:) [The disease of such a one was four months in duration]. (S, TA.) [See also 1, last two sentences.] b2: ضَمَنٌ also signifies (assumed tropical:) A burden; syn. كَلٌّ: so in the saying, فُلَانٌ ضَمَنٌ عَلَى أَصْحَابِهِ [Such a one is a burden upon his companions]. (Az, TA.) A2: It is also an epithet: see the next pargaraph.

ضَمِنٌ (applied to a man, S) (assumed tropical:) Affected with a malady of long continuance, or such as cripples; (S, Msb, K, TA;) afflicted in the body, (S, * K, TA,) by some trial, or fracture, or other ailment: (S, TA:) and ↓ ضَمَنٌ signifies [the same; or simply] affected with a disease, or malady; applied to a man [and to two and more and to a female; being originally an inf. n.]; having no dual nor pl. nor fem. form: (TA:) pl. of the former ضَمْنَى (S, * Msb, K, * TA) and ضَمِنُونَ, or the former of these is pl. of ↓ ضَمِينٌ [which signifies the same as ضَمِنٌ]. (TA.) اِكْتَتَبَ ضَمِنًا [in the CK ضَمَنًا] means (assumed tropical:) He wrote himself down [as one affected with a malady of long continuance, &c., or] in the register of the ضَمْنَى, i. e. the زَمْنَى; (S, K, TA;) i. e. he asked that he might write himself down [as such], and took for himself a billet from the commander of the army in order to excuse himself from fighting against the unbelievers: (TA:) of such it is said that God will raise him in that state on the day of resurrection. (S, TA.) مَعْبُوطَةٌ غَيْرُ ضَمِنَةٍ, occurring in a trad., means Slaughtered not having any disease. (TA.) b2: Also (tropical:) [Loving: (See ضَمَانَةٌ:) or] loving excessively, or admiringly. (K, TA.) ضُمْنَةٌ: see ضَمَنٌ.

ضَمَانٌ an inf. n.: [see 1, first sentence:] (IAar, S, Msb, K:) [used as a simple subst.,] Responsibility, answerableness, accountability, amenability, suretiship, or guaranteeship; syn. كَفَالَةٌ: (Mgh:) but it is more common [in signification] than كَفَالَةٌ; for it sometimes signifies what is not كَفَالَةٌ, namely, [indemnification; or] restoration of the like, or of the value, of a thing that has perished. (Kull.) [ضَمَانُ مَالٍ, and غُرْمٍ, signify Responsibility, &c., for property, and for a debt, owed by another person. And ضَمَانُ نَفْسٍ, and حُضورٍ, signify Responsibility, &c., for the appearance, or presence, of another person, to answer a suit.] ضُمَان دَرَك is a vulgar phrase; correctly ضَمَانُ الدَّرَكِ [expl. in art. درك]. (TA.) A2: See also ضَمَنٌ.

ضَمِينٌ: see ضامِنٌ: A2: and see also ضَمِنٌ.

ضَمَانَةٌ: see ضَمَنٌ. b2: Also (tropical:) Love: (K, TA:) [or] excessive, or admiring, love. (TA.) ضَامِنٌ and ↓ ضَمِينٌ One who is responsible, answerable, accountable, amenable, surety, or guarantee: (S, Msb, K:) both are mentioned by IAar as syn., like سَامِنٌ and سَمِينٌ. (TA.) God is represented by the Prophet as saying, مَنْ خَرَجَ مُجَاهِدًا فِى سَبِيلِى وَابْتِغَآءِ مَرْضَاتِى فَأَنَا عَلَيْهِ ضَامِنٌ وَهُوَ عَلَىَّ ضَامِنٌ, meaning [Whoso goes forth as a warrior in my cause, and seeking, or seeking earnestly, to obtain my approval,] I am responsible to him for what I have promised him, to recompense him living and dead; ضامن being made trans. by means of على because it implies the meaning of مُحَامٍ and رَقِيبٌ; and the last clause means nearly the same, but is rendered as meaning and he is one who has [a claim to] responsibility on my part, as though care and mindfulness [of him] were obligatory on me. (Mgh.) And it is said in a trad., الإِمَامُ ضَامِنٌ وَالمُؤَذِّنُ مُؤْتَمَنٌ: (Mgh, JM, * TA:) [the latter clause has been expl. in art. أمن (voce أَمِينٌ):] the former clause means, The imám [or leader of prayer] is as though he were responsible for the correctness of the prayer of those who follow him: (JM, TA: [and the like is said, with other, similar, explanations, in the Mgh:]) or it means, the imám is careful, or mindful, for the people [who follow him], of [the correctness of] their prayer. (TA.) b2: ضَامِنٌ and ↓ مِضْمَانٌ applied to a she-camel, signify Having a fœtus in her belly: and the pls. are ضَوَامِنُ and مَضَامِينُ. (IAar, L and TA in art. لقح and in the present art.) b3: ضَامِنَةٌ applied to rights, or dues, (حُقُوق,) is used by Lebeed as meaning مَضْمُونَةٌ; [see مَضْمُونٌ;] like as رَاحِلَةٌ is used as meaning مَرْحُولَةٌ. (TA.) ضَامِنَةٌ [fem. of ضَامِنٌ, q. v.]. b2: الضَّامِنَةُ signifies What is included within the middle of any town or country or the like. (TA.) الضَّامِنَةُ مِنَ النَّخْلِ, (AO, S, K, * TA,) occurring in a letter of the Prophet, (AO, S, TA,) means What are included within the cities or towns or villages, of the palmtrees: (AO, S, K, * TA:) or what are surrounded, thereof, by the wall of the city: (K:) but Az says that they are so called because their owners are responsible for their culture and keeping: (TA:) opposed to الضَّاحِيَةُ من البَّعْلِ, which means what are in the open country, of the palm-trees that imbibe with their roots, without being watered. (AO, S, TA. *) مُضَمَّنٌ Water included in a mug or other vessel: and milk included in the udder. (TA.) b2: Also (assumed tropical:) Poetry made to comprise a verse [from another poem]. (S, K. [See 2, last sentence but one.]) And (assumed tropical:) A verse [made to be] not complete otherwise than with what follows it. (S, K. [See 2, last sentence.]) b3: And (assumed tropical:) A sound [made to comprehend with it somewhat of another:] upon which one cannot pause without conjoining it with another: (K:) in the T it is said to be [such as is exemplified in] a man's saying قِفْ فُلَ [or فُلُ, for قِفْ فُلَانُ Pause thou, such a one], with making the ل to have a smack of the vowel-sound (بِإِشْمَامِ اللَّامِ إِلَى الحَرَكَةِ). (TA.) مِضْمَانٌ: see ضَامِنٌ, last sentence but one.

مَضْمُونٌ pass. part. n. of 1 in the first of the senses assigned to the latter above: you say شَىْءٌ مَضْمُونٌ [meaning A thing, such as property, or the payment of a debt, &c., ensured by an acknowledgment of responsibility for it]. (TA.) b2: مَضْمُونُ كِتَابٍ means مَا فِى ضِمْنِهِ and طَيِّهِ [i. e. The contents of a writing or letter; or what is infolded, or included, in a writing or letter; what is implied therein; and what is indicated therein]: pl. مَضَامِينُ. (TA.) b3: And المَضَامِينُ, (A 'Obeyd, S, Msb, K,) of which the sing. is مَضْمُونٌ, (A 'Obeyd, Msb, K,) and one may also say مَضْمُونَةٌ, as meaning نَسَمَةٌ, (Msb,) signifies What are [comprised] in the loins of the stallions; (A 'Obeyd, S, Msb, K;) i. e. the progeny [thereof, in the elemental state]: (Msb:) or, accord. to Aboo-Sa'eed, [though the reverse is generally held to be the case,] المَلَاقِيحُ signifies what are in the backs of the he-camels, and المَضَامِينُ what are in the bellies of the females. (L in art. لقح.) The selling of the مضامين and the ملاقيح is forbidden. (S.) [مَضَامِينُ is also pl. of مِضْمَانٌ, q. v.]

b4: مَضْمُونُ اليَدِ i. q. مَخْبُونُهَا, (K,) meaning مَعْلُولُهَا [i. e. Diseased in the arm, or hand]; (TK;) applied to a man. (TA. [See 1, last sentence, which indicates a more particular meaning.])

غرم

1 غَرِمَ, (JK, S, Msb, K,) aor. ـَ (JK, K,) inf. n. غُرْمٌ (JK, Msb, TA) and غَرَامَةٌ (Msb, TA) and مَغْرَمٌ, (TA,) He paid, or discharged (A K, S, * Msb, K, *) a thing that was obligatory upon him, (JK,) or a bloodwit, (S, Msb, K,) and a responsibility, and the like thereof, after it had become obligatory upon him: (Msb:) (or, accord. to an explanation of الغَرَامَةُ in Har p. 36, he gave property against his will: or the meaning intended in the S and K (in both of which it is very vaguely indicated) may be, he took upon himself to pay, or discharge, a blood wit, &c.: for, sometimes,] غُرْمٌ and مَغْرَمٌ and غَرَامَةٌ signify the taking upon oneself that which is not obligatory upon him: (Mgh; and the Ksh gives this explanation of مَغْرَمٌ in lii. 40:) [or the taking upon oneself a fine or the like: for, sometimes,] مَغْرَمٌ signifies اِلْتِزَامُ غُرْمٍ. (Bd in lii. 40. [See also 5, and 8.]) And you say, غَرِمْتُ عَنْهُ مَا لَزِمَهُ مِنَ الدِّيَةِ [I paid for him, i. e., in his stead, what was obligatory upon him, of the bloodwit]. (Msb in art. عقل.) b2: And غَرِمَ فِى تِجَارَتِهِ He lost, or suffered loss, in his traffic; i. q. خَسِرَ; contr. of رَبِحَ. (Msb.) A2: غُرِمَ أَنْفًا: see رُغِمَ [from which it is app. formed by transposition].2 غرّمهُ i. q. اغرمهُ, q. v. (S, Mgh, &c.) b2: [Hence, app.] غُرِّمَ السَّحَابُ (assumed tropical:) The clouds rained; [as though they were made to discharge a debt that they owed;] Aboo-Dhn-eyb says, describing clouds.

وَهَى خَرْجُهُ وَاسْتُحِيلَ الرَّبَا بُ مِنْهُ وَعُزِّمَ مَآءً صَرِيحَا (assumed tropical:) [The clouds that were the first thereof in rising and appearing became rent, and such of them as were suspended beneath other clouds were looked at in order that it might be seen whether they woved, and they discharged clear water CCC (TA.) 4 أَغْرَمْتُهُ and ↓ غَرَّمْتُهُ, (S Msb, K,) inf. n. [of the former إِغْرَامٌ and [of the latter تَغْرِيمٌ, (TA,) both signify the same; (S, Msb, K;) i. e. I made him to pay, or discharge, a bloodwit, and a responsibility, and the like, (see 1,)] after it had became obligatory upon him; (Msb, K: *) [or the meaning intended in the S and K (in the latter of which it is vaguely indicated and in the farmer more so) may be, I made him to take upon himself to pay, or discharge, a bloodwit, &c. : for some- CCC times,] غرّمهُ and اغرمهُ signify he made him to incur the taking upon himself that which was not obligatory upon him; (Mgh:) [and sometimes the inf. ns.] إِغْرَامٌ and تَغْرِيمٌ signify the making to he final; and, to he indebted; (PS;) أَغْرَمْتُهُ

إِيَّاهُ in the copies of the K is a mistake for أَغْرَمْتُهُ

أَنَا. CCC (TA.) b2: إِغْرَامٌ also signifies The throwing [one] into destruction. (KL.) b3: And The rendering [one] eagerly desirous [of a thing; fond of it; or attached to it]. (KL.) You say, أُغْرِمَ بِالشَّىْءِ He became eagerly desirous of the thing; fond of it; or attached to it; syn. أُولِعَ بِهِ (S, Msb, TA.) 5 تغرّم [app. He took upon himself an obligation, such as the payment of a fine. &c]. (Ham p. 707. [See also 1, and 8.]) 8 اِغْتِرَامٌ The making obligatory upon oneself what is termed غَرَامَة, which signifies difficulty or trouble, and damage or detriment or loss, and the giving of property against one's will. (Har p. 36.

[See also 1, and 5.]) غُرْمٌ an inf. n. of غَرِمَ [q. v.]. (JK, Msb, TA.) b2: And A thing that must be paid, or discharged; (K, TA;) and so ↓ غَرَامَةٌ, and ↓ مُغْرَمٌ, (S, K, TA,) and ↓ مَغْرَمٌ: (S, TA:) accord. to Er-Rághib, a damage, detriment, or loss, that befalls a man, in his property, not for an injurious action, of his, requiring punishment (TA:) a debt, (S, TA:) a fine, or mulet: (MA:) the pl. of ↓ مَغْرَمٌ is مَغَارِمُ, agreeably with analogy; or this is pl. of غُرْمٌ, anomalously, like as مَحَاسِنُ is of حُسْنٌ. (TA.) [See exs. voce غَلِقَ: and see also غُنْمٌ.]

غَرْمَى A woman heavy, or sluggish; syn. ثَقِيلَةٌ: (K:) or, accord. to IAar, i. q. مُغَاضِيَةٌ [that makes, and is made, angry: or that breaks off from, or quits, one, in anger, or enmity]. (TA.) A2: It is also syn. with أَمَا, as a word denoting an oath [or used in swearing]: one says غَرْمَى وَجَدِّكَ [Verily, or now surely, by thy grandfather, or by thy fortune or good fortune]; like as one says أَمَا وَجَدِّكَ: (AA, K, TA:) and عَرْمَى and حَرْمَى are dial. vars. thereof. (TA.) غَرَامٌ A thing from which one is unable to free himself, [a thing] such as cleaves fast. (BA and Jel in xxv. 66.) Lasting evil. (IAar, S, K.) Perdition: (K:) in the Kur xxv. 66, (S, Ksh,) accord. to AO, (S,) it means perdition, (S, Ksh,) persistent, (Ksh,) and such as cleaves fast. (S, Ksh.) And Punishment, or torment; (S, K) or, accord. to Zj, the most vehement punishment or torment; and accord to Er-Rághib, hardship, or difficulty, and an affliction, or a calamity or misfortune, that befalls a man. (TA.) b2: Also Eager desire [بِشَىْءٍ for a thing]; fondness [ for it]; or attachment [to it]; syn. وَلُوعٌ: (S, K:) or love that torments the heart. (Har p. 36.) [See 4, last sentence.]

غَرِيمٌ A debtor; (S, Msb, K:) one says, خُذْ مِنْ غَرِيمِ السَّوْءِ مَا سَبَحَ [Take them from the (??) debtor what has become easy of attachment, (S:) and ↓ غَارِمٌ signifies the same as غَرِيمٌ ; CCC whom lies the obligation of a bloodwit or the like; or [it virtually signifies thus, but properly] it is a possessive epithet signifying ذُو غَرَامٍ or غَرَامَةٍ or تَغْرِيمٍ. (TA.) And (sometimes, S) it signifies A creditor also: (S, Msb, K:) thus having two contr. meanings; (K) Kutheiyir says, * قَضَى كُلُّ ذِى دَيْنٍ فَوَفَّى غَرِيمَهُ

* وَعَزَّةُ مَمْطُولٌ مُعَنًّى غَرِيمُهَا [Every debtor has paid, and fully rendered to his creditor; but as to Azzeh CCC, her creditor is put off, and wearied]. (S.) The pl. of غَرِيمٌ is غُرَمَآءُ (I Ath, Msb, TA) and غُرَّامٌ, which is a strange [i. e. an anomalous] pl., (I Ath, TA;) or this is pl. of ↓ غَارِمٌ as syn. with غَرِيمٌ [and thus is agree able with analogy]; or it is pl. of ↓ مُغْرِمٌ [signifying “ burdened with debt. ”], formed by the rejection of the augmentative letter [of the sing]. (TA.) b2: And hence, An adversary in contention, dispute, or litigation; an antagonist; a litigant; because, by his pressing upon his adversary [like the creditor upon his debtor], he becomes one who cleaves, or clings. (Msb.) غَرَامَةٌ: see غُرْمٌ.

غَارِمٌ: see غَرِيمٌ, in two places.

مَغْرَمٌ; pl. مَغَارِمُ: see غُرْمٌ, in two places.

مُغْرَمٌ Shackled, (K,) or burdened, (TA,) with debt; (K;) an epithet applied to a man from الغُرْمُ and الدَّيْنُ. (S.) See غَرِيمٌ. b2: And A captive of love; (K, TA;) i. e., of the love of women: (TA:) or one to whom love cleaves: (Ham p. 558:) or you say رَجُلٌ مُغْرَمٌ بِالحُبِّ [a man to whom love cleaves, or clung to by love]; from the love of women: (S:) and هُوَ مُغْرَمٌ بِالنِّسَآءِ He is one who clings to women, like as does the غَرِيم [or “ creditor ” to the debtor]. (Er-Rághib, TA.) and مُغْرَمٌ بِشَىْءٍ Eagerly desirous of a thing; fond of it; or attached to it; syn. مُولَعٌ بِهِ; (Msb, K, TA;) and حَرِيصٌ عَلَيْهِ; (Har p. 585;) not having patience to refrain from it. (TA.) A2: See also غُرْمٌ.

جنب

1 جَنَبَهُ He broke his side: (S, K:) or he hit, or hurt, his side. (TA.) [The aor. of the verb in this sense is probably جَنُبَ, and the inf. n., accord. to the TK, is جَنْبٌ.] b2: He led him by his side; (S, A, * Msb, K;) namely, a horse (S, A, Msb, TA) or the like, (S, A,) and a captive. (S, TA.) In this sense, its aor. is جَنُبَ, (A, Msb, TA,) and the inf. n. جَنَبٌ (S, A, Msb, K) and مَجْنَبٌ. (K.) Hence, طَوْعُ الجَنَبِ: see جِنَابٌ.

جَنَبٌ which is forbidden (S, A, TA) in a trad., [in which it is said, لَا جَلَبَ وَلَا جَنَبَ] (A, TA) relating to horse-racing and to [the collecting of] the poor-rate, (TA,) means [in the former case] A man's leading, by the side of a horse that he rides in a race, another horse, (S, A, K,) without a rider, (TA,) and when the horse that he rides has become languid and weak, (K,) or when he fears that he will not outstrip upon it, (S,) or when he draws near to the goal, (A,) transferring himself to the other, (S, A, K,) in order that he may outstrip: (A:) and in relation to the poorrate, it means the collector's alighting in the most remote of the places whence the portion appointed for the poor-rate is to be collected, and then ordering that the camels or the like [that constitute that portion] shall be led to him: or the going of the owner of the property to a distance, [or aside, or out of the way,] with his property, so that the collector is obliged to go to a distance in quest of it. (K. See more in art. جلب, first paragraph.) b3: He placed, or put, at a distance, or he put, or sent, away, or far away, or far off, or he removed far away, alienated, or estranged, him, or it; (K;) as though he put him, or it, aside, or as though he walked aside; as also ↓ جانبهُ (TA.) And He pushed, thrust, or drove, him, or it, away, aside, or to a distance. (K, * TA.) and جَنَبَهُ الشَّىْءَ (S, K, *) or الشَّرَّ (Fr, Zj, Msb,) aor. ـُ (S, Msb, K;) and ↓ جنّبهُ, (Fr, Zj, S, A, Msb, K,) but this has an intensive signification; (Msb;) and ↓ اجنبهُ; (Fr, Zj, A, K;) He put aside, or away, or he warded off, from him, (S,) or he removed from him, (S, Msb, K,) or removed far from him, (Msb, K,) the thing, (S, K, *) or evil. (Fr, Zj, A, Msb.) It is said in the Kur [xiv. 38], وَاجْنُبْنِى وَبَنِىَّ أَنْ نَعْبُدَ الأَصْنَامَ [and put Thou away from me and my sons our worshipping of idols], (S,) or, accord. to one reading, ↓ وَأَجْنِبْنِى. (TA.) b4: He yearned towards, longed for, or desired, him, or it. (K, * TA.) A2: جَنَبَ بِهِ, aor. ـُ [He went aside, apart, out of the way, to a distance, or far away, with him, or it: or, like جَنَبَهُ, in a sense explained above,] he placed, or put, at a distance, or he put, or sent, away, or far away, or far off, him, or it. (K, TA.) b2: جَنَبَ فِى بَنِى فُلَانٍ, (S, K, *) aor. ـُ inf. n. جَنَابَةٌ; (S;) and ↓ تجنّب; (so, app., in the TA;) He alighted, or descended and abode, or settled, as a stranger, among the sons of such a one. (S, K, * TA.) One says, نِعْمَ القَوْمُ هُمْ لِجَارِ الجَنَابَةِ [Excellent are the people, they,] to the neighbour who is a stranger. (S. [See also جُنُبٌ.]) And لَا تَحْرِمَنِّى عَنْ جَنَابَةٍ Do not thou by any means refuse me because of being remote (S, A, TA) in respect of relationship. (A, TA.) [See also جَنَابَةٌ mentioned below as a subst.] b3: جَنَبَتِ الرِّيحُ, (S, A, K,) aor. ـُ (TA,) inf. n. جُنُوبٌ; (K;) and ↓ اجنبت; (TA;) The wind was, or became, such as is termed جَنُوب [i. e. south, or southerly]; (K;) it blew in the direction of the wind thus called: (A, TA:) or the former, (S,) or جَنِبَت, (TA,) the wind changed, or veered, so as to become جَنُوب (S, TA.) b4: [And hence, (see جَنُوبٌ,)]

جَنَبَ إِلَيْهِ, (IAar, K,) or إِلَى لِقَائِهِ, (TA,) aor. ـُ (K;) and جَنِبَ, aor. ـَ (Th, K;) [inf. n., app., جَنْبٌ, for the verb is said in the K to be like نَصَرَ and سَمِعَ;] (assumed tropical:) He was, or became, disquieted by vehement desire to see him, or to meet him. (K, * TA.) A3: جَنِبَ, aor. ـَ (S,) inf. n. جَنَبٌ, (S, K,) He (a camel) limped, or halted, by reason of [pain in] his side: (S:) or he had an affection resembling ظَلْع [i. e. limping, or halting], (K, TA,) but not the same as this: (TA:) and, (K,) or accord. to As, (S,) his lungs clave to his side by reason of vehement thirst: (S, K:) or, accord. to the Arabs of the desert, as ISk says, he became bent, or contorted, by reason of vehemence of thirst: (S:) and he (a camel) had a pain in his side from vehemence of thirst. (TA.) The epithet is ↓ جَنِبٌ; which is applied by Dhu-r-Rummeh to an ass. (S, TA.) b2: جنبت الدَّلْوُ [app. جَنِبَت] The bucket inclined to one side in consequence of the breaking of one or two of the thongs attacking it to the cross-bars. (L, TA.) A4: جَنِبَ and جَنُبَ and جَنَبَ are syn. with أَجْنَبَ in a sense explained below: see 4.

A5: جُنِبَ He had, or became affected by, the disease termed ذَاتُ الجَنْبِ [or pleurisy]: (S, Mgh, Msb:) he had a complaint of his side. (K.) A6: جُنِبُوا They were, or became, affected by the [south, or southerly, wind called] جُنُوب. (S, A, K.) And also, [in allusion to the fertilizing effect attributed to the wind so called,] They were, or became, affected by that wind in their cattle. (L, TA.) 2 جنّبهُ: see 1: b2: and see also 3.

A2: جنبّ, inf. n. تَجْنِيبٌ, He did not send the stallion-camel among his she-camels, nor the ram or he-goat among his ewes or she-goats. (K.) b2: جنّب القَوْمُ The milk of the people's camels became little: (S:) or the people's milk ceased; (K, TA;) or became little: or the people's camels had no milk: and جنّب said of a man, his camels had no milk, nor had his sheep or goats. (TA.) Hence, عَامُ تَجْنِيبٍ [A year of little, or no, milk]. (S, TA.) b3: جنّبت الأِبِلُ The camels, with the exception of one or two, brought forth no young. (Az, TA.) The camels did not conceive, so as to have milk. (TA.) A3: تَجْنِيبٌ [as an inf. n. of which the verb, if it have one in any of the following senses, is جُنِّبَ,] also signifies A bending, or curving, and tension [of the sinews] (تَوْتِيرٌ), of the hind leg of a horse; which is a quality approved: (S, K:) or, accord. to AO, a turning aside of his fore legs in raising them and putting them down: but accord. to As, it is in the kind legs, and تَحْنِيبٌ is in the back-bone and in the fore legs. (TA.) [See also 2 in art حنب; and see also مُجَنَّبٌ.]3 جانبهُ, (A, K,) inf. n. مُجَانَبَةٌ and جِنَابٌ, (K,) He was, or became, at, or by, his side: (A, K:) and he walked, or went, by his side. (A.) A2: Also i. q. بَا عَدَهُ; (A, K;) i. e. He was, or became, [distant, remote, far off, or aloof, from him; or] apart from him; or in a part, quarter, or tract, different from that in which he (the other) was; (TA;) thus bearing two contr. significations. (A, K.) جانبهُ and ↓ تجانبهُ and ↓ تجنّبُهُ and ↓ اجتنبهُ all signify the same, (S, K,) i. e. He was, or became, distant, remote, far off, or aloof, or he went, or removed, or retired, or withdrew himself, to a distance, or far away, or far off, or he alienated, or estranged, himself, or he stood, or kept, aloof, from him, or it; he shunned, or avoided, him, or it; as also ↓ جِنّبه (K) [and مِنْهُ ↓ تجنّب]. You say, جَانِبِ اللِّئَامَ [Remove thyself far from the mean, or ignoble; stand, or keep, aloof from them; shun, or avoid, them]. (A.) And لَجَّ فِى جِنَابٍ قَبِيحٍ He persisted in removing himself to a distance, or estranging himself, from his family. (S, A, K. [In two copies of the S, I find جناب here written with fet-h to the ج; but it is expressly said in the TA to be with kesr.]) b2: See also 1.4 اجنبهُ: see 1, in the former half of the paragraph, in two places.

A2: اجنب, (S, IAth, Mgh, Msb, K, &c.,) inf. n. إِجْنَابٌ; (IAth, TA;) and ↓ جَنِبَ; (IB, K;) but the former is more common than the latter; and the latter, than the next here following; (IB, TA;) and ↓ جَنُبَ (S, Msb, K,) [inf. n. جَنَابَةٌ, agreeably with analogy;] and ↓ جَنَبَ, aor. ـُ (L, TA;) and أُجْنِبَ, and ↓ استجنب, (K,) and ↓ تجنّب; (L, TA;) He was, or became, in the state of one who is termed جُنُب; (S, IAth, Mgh, L, Msb, K;) i. e., under the obligation of performing a total ablution, by reason of sexual intercourse and discharge of the semen. (IAth, TA.) لَا يُجْنِبُ, said by I' Ab, of a man, and of a garment, and of the ground, (TA,) and of water, (Mgh, TA,) means (tropical:) He, or it, will not become polluted (Mgh, TA) by the touch of him who is جُنُب so that one should need total ablution in consequence of the touching thereof. (TA.) A3: اجنبوا They entered upon [a time in which blew] the [south, or southerly,] wind termed الجُنُوب. (S, A, K.) b2: See also 1 in the latter half of the paragraph.5 تَجَنَّبَ see 1: b2: and 3, in two places: b3: and 4.6 تَجَاْنَبَ see 3.8 إِجْتَنَبَ see 3.10 إِسْتَجْنَبَ see 4.

جَنْبٌ, a word of well-known meaning; (S;) The side, or half, or lateral half, syn. شِقٌّ, (A, K,) of a man &c.; as also ↓ جَانِبٌ and ↓ جَنَبَةٌ: (K:) or the part of a man that is beneath the arm-pit, extending to the flank; as also ↓ جَانِبٌ, because it is the side of the person: (Msb:) pl. (of the first, Msb) جُنُوبٌ (Msb, K) and [of the same, a pl. of pauc.,] أَجْنَابٌ (CK) and [of جَانِبٌ]

جَوَانِبُ (Lh, ISd, K, but not in the CK) and [app. of جَنْبٌ (like as لَيَائِلُ is a pl. of لَيْلٌ) or of جَنَبَةٌ (like as حَوَائِجُ is pl. of حَاجَةٌ which is originally حَوَجَةٌ) or of both these] ↓ جَنائِبُ (M, K,) which is extr. (M, TA.) [Hence,] قَعَدْتُ إِلَى جَنْبِ فُلَانٍ and فلان ↓ الى جَانِبِ [I sat by the side of such a one]: both meaning the same. (S.) And ↓ إِنَّهُ لَمُنْتَفِخُ الجَوَانِبِ [Verily he is inflated in the side]: جوانب being here one of those words which are used in the sing. sense though in the pl. form. (Lh, TA.) And أَعْطَاهُ الجَنْبَ [lit. He gave him the side; meaning] he was, or became, submissive, manageable, easy, or tractable, to him. (A.) And جَارُ الجَنْبِ He who cleaves to one, keeping by one's side. (K. [Differing from جَارُ الجُنُبِ, q. v. infrà.]) And الصَّاحِبُ بِالجَنْبِ [in the Kur iv. 40] The travelling-companion; the companion in a journey: (S, K:) or he who is near one; or by one's side: or the companion in every good affair: or the husband: or the wife. (TA.) And ذَاتُ الجَنْبِ, (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K, &c.,) with which ↓ الجُنَابُ is syn., (K,) [and sometimes الجَنْبُ, as will be seen in what follows,] A well-known disease; (Mgh;) [the pleurisy; called by the first of these three appellations in the present day;] a severe disease, being an inflammatory tumour in the [pleura, or] membrane within the ribs: (Msb:) or an ulcer, or a purulent pustule, that comes within a man's side: (S, TA:) it is a severe disease in the side: accord. to El-Hejeree, it is in either side; and they assert that when it is in the left side, the patient perishes: accord. to ISh, the دُبَيْلَة; which is an ulcer that penetrates into the belly: or the ulcer (دُبَيْلَة and دُمَّل) that comes forth within the side, and discharges internally; the sufferer from which seldom recovers: he who suffers from it [and dies in consequence], or, as some say, he who is afflicted by a complaint of the side (absolutely) while warring in the cause of God, is reckoned a martyr: (TA:) [soldiers in a campaign are notoriously more subject to it than persons in most other circumstances; and it is app. for this reason that] it is termed دَآءُ الصَّنَادِيدِ [the disease of the courageous chiefs]. (A, TA.) ذُو الجَنْبِ, of which ذَاتُ الجُنْبِ is the fem., signifies Having a complaint of his side by reason of [the disease above mentioned, or what is termed] الدُّبَيْلَة. (TA. [See also مَجْنُوبٌ.]) b2: A poet says, النَّاسُ جَنْبٌ وَالأَمِيرُ جَنْبُ [The people are a side and the prince is a side]: (Akh, S, TA:) as though he reckoned the latter equal to all the people. (TA. [This is cited in the S and TA as though it were an ex. of جنب in the sense here next following: but it seems to be rather an ex. of this word in the sense first explained in the present paragraph.]) b3: I. q. نَاحِيَةٌ [A side; meaning a lateral, or an outward or adjacent, part or portion, region, quarter, or tract; or a part, region, quarter, or tract, considered with respect to its collocation or juxtaposition or direction, or considered as belonging to a whole; a vicinage, or neighbourhood]; (S, K;) as also ↓ جَانِبٌ (S, Msb, K) and ↓ جَنَابٌ and ↓ جَنْبَةٌ (S, K) and ↓ جَنَبَةٌ (S) and ↓ جَنَابَةٌ. (L, TA.) It is said that the primary signification of جَنْبٌ is the part of the body mentioned in the beginning of this paragraph, and that its use in the sense of نَاحيَةٌ is metaphorical, as is the case of يَمِينٌ and شِمَالٌ; but نَاحِيَةٌ is mentioned in the Msb as the primary signification of ↓ جَانِبٌ; (MF, TA;) though its primary signification accord. to the K and ISd seems to be that first mentioned. (TA.) You say, ↓ مَشَوْا جَانِبَيْهِ and ↓ جَنَابَيْهِ and ↓ جَنْبَتَيْهِ and ↓ جَنَابَتَيْهِ [They walked, or went on foot, on either side of him]. (A, TA. *) And ↓ مَرُّوا يَسِيرُونَ جَنَابَيْهِ (S, L) and ↓ جَنْبَتَيْهِ and ↓ جَنَابَتَيْهِ (L, TA) They went along journeying on either side of him. (S, L.) And كُنَّا عَنْهُمْ

↓ جَنَا بَيْنِ and ↓ جَنَابًا We were apart from them [on two sides and on one side]. (TA.) And نَزَلُوا الوَادِى ↓ فِى جَنَابَاتِ [They alighted in the sides of the valley, or in the tracts beside the valley]. (A.) And ↓ فُلَانٌ لَا يَطُورُ بِجَنَبَتِنَا Such a one will not approach our quarter: (S:) thus accord. to AO; with fet-h to the ن: IJ, however, says, people are wont to say, ↓ أَنَا فِى ذَرَاكَ وَجَنَبَتِكَ [meaning I am under thy protection and in thy quarter]; but that the correct expression is ↓ جَنْبَتِكَ, with the ن quiescent. (IB, TA.) The Arabs also said, سُهَيْلٍ ↓ الحَرُّ جَانِبَىْ, meaning (assumed tropical:) The heat is on either side of Suheyl [or Canopus: i. e., during the period next before, and that next after, the auroral rising of Canopus; which rising began, in central Arabia, at the commencement of the era of the Flight, about the 4th of August, O. S.]: this is the greatest heat. (TA.) One also says, ↓ أَحَاطُوا بِهِ مِنْ جَانِبَيْهِ [meaning They surrounded him on all his sides; lit., on his two sides]; dividing the surrounding parts into two, but not meaning that any of these remained vacant. (Expos. of the exs. cited as testimonies by Sb, TA in art. حول.) b4: Also, [and ↓ جَانِبٌ, which is thus used in the L in art. جنح, and by many authors,] A part, or portion, of a thing; (L;) the greater, or main, or chief, part or portion thereof; most thereof; (L, K;) or a great part or portion thereof; much thereof. (L.) Hence, [or perhaps from جَنْبٌ in the second of the senses assigned to it above, conveying the idea of juxtaposition, and thus of comparison,] هٰذَا قَلِيلٌ جَنْبِ مَوَدَّتِكَ [This is little in comparison with the magnitude of thy love; or simply, in comparison with thy love]. (TA.) b5: يَا حَسْرَتَا عَلَى مَا فَرَّطْتُ فِى جنْبِ اللّٰهِ [in the Kur xxxix. 57] means ↓ فى جَانِبِه, i. e. (assumed tropical:) [O my grief, or regret, for my negligence, or remissness,] in respect of that which is the right, or due, of God! (A, Bd, TA,) i. e., (Bd,) in respect of obedience to God! (Bd, Jel:) or, in respect of [the means of attaining] nearness to God! (Fr, TA;) or, nearness to God in Paradise! (IAar, TA:) or, in respect of the way of God, to which He hath called me! i. e., the profession of his unity, and the confession of the prophetic office of Mohammad. (Zj, TA.) The saying of the Arabs, اِتَّقِ اللّٰهَ فِى جَنْبِهِ وَلَا تَقْدَحْ فِى سَاقِهِ [may be rendered (assumed tropical:) Fear God in respect of his (thy brother's) right, or due, and impugn not his honour, or reputation: or] means, accord. to the copies of the K, لَا تَقْتُلْهُ [slay him not], or, as in the L, and in the original draught of the author [of the K] لا تَغْتَلْهُ [slay him not clandestinely, or on an occasion of inadvertence], from الغِيلَةُ, and throw him not into trouble, or trial: (TA:) or, accord. to some, فى جنبه means in detracting from his reputation, or reviling him. (K, TA. [See also Freytag's Arab. Prov. i. 240.]) A poet, cited by IAar, says, خَلِيلَىَّ كُفَّا وَاذْكُرَا اللّٰهَ فِى جَنْبِى (assumed tropical:) [O my two friends, refrain, and be mindful of God in respect of my reputation; (see also جَانِبٌ;)] meaning, in detracting from my reputation, or reviling me: or, accord. to MF, in my case. (TA.) And one says, مَا فَعَلْتَ فِى جَنْبِ حَاجَتِى (assumed tropical:) What didst thou, or what hast thou done, in the case of the thing that I want? (L, TA.) جَنَبٌ: see جَنِيبٌ.

A2: طَوْعُ الجَنَبِ: see جِنَابٌ.

A3: جَنَبٌ also signifies Short; (K;) applied to a man. (TA.) جَنِبٌ: see جَنِبَ. b2: It is also applied as an epithet to a wolf, because he pretends to halt, from guile, or cunning. (L, TA.) b3: Also A man who goes aside, or to a distance, from the beaten way, for fear of guests' coming to him for entertainment. (K, TA.) جُنُبٌ, (El-Fárábee, S, A, Msb, K,) which is sometimes used in the sing. form as pl., and has no fem. form, (TA,) and ↓ جَانِبٌ and ↓ أَجْنَبِىٌّ, (El-Fárábee, S, Msb, K,) which is said by Az in art. روح to be seldom or never used by the Arabs, but is mentioned by him in its proper art., (Msb,) and ↓ أَجْنَبُ, (Az, S, Msb, K,) are syn., (El-Fárábee, S, Msb, K,) signifying A stranger; (K;) as also ↓ جَنِيبٌ: (S:) or a man who is distant, or remote: (Msb:) or distant, or remote, in respect of relationship: (Az and Msb in explanation of the third and fourth:) [or not a relation; as will be seen from what follows:] and ↓ جَانِبٌ [as an act. part. n.] signifies one alighting, or descending and abiding, or settling, as a stranger, among a tribe: (S:) pl. of the first أَجْنَابٌ, (A, TA,) and of the second جُنَّابٌ, (S, TA,) and of the fourth أَجَانِبُ. (Msb.) الجَارُ الجُنُبُ [occurring in the Kur iv. 40] (T, S, A, Msb, K) and جَارُ الجُنُبِ (TA) The person who is one's neighbour, but who belongs to another people; (T, S, A, Msb, K;) who is not of one's family nor of one's lineage; (A;) who is of another lineage than he of whom he is a neighbour; (T, TA;) who is not a relation: (MF:) or one who is distant, or remote, in an absolute sense: (TA:) or the person who is not a relation to another, and who comes to him, and asks him to protect him, and abides with him: such has the title to respect that belongs to him as neighbour of the other, and to his protection, and as relying upon his safeguard and promise. (TA in art. جور. [Differing from جَارُ الجَنْبِ, q. v. suprà.]) It is said in a trad., هُمْ أَجْنَابُ النَّاسِ They are the strangers of mankind, or of the people. (TA.) And in another trad., قَالَ لِجَارِيّةٍ هَلْ مِنْ مُغَرِبَةِ الخَبَرُ ↓ خَبَرٍ قَالَتْ عَلَى جَانِبٍ [He said to a girl, Is there any news from abroad? She answered,] It is for a stranger coming from a journey [to give such news]. (TA.) And one says, هُوَ مِنِّى ↓ أَجْنَبِىٌّ [He is a person not related to me]. (A.) b2: Also, ↓ the same four words, (of which only the last is mentioned in this sense in the S,) That will not be led; intractable. (K.) b3: جُنُبٌ is also an epithet from الجَنَابَةُ; (S, Mgh, Msb, K;) signifying A man under the obligation of performing a total ablution, by reason of sexual intercourse and discharge of the semen: (IAth, TA: [see 4:]) and is used alike as masc. and fem. (S, Mgh, Msb) and sing. (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K) and dual (Msb, TA) and pl.; (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K;) being regarded as quasi-coordinate to the class of inf. ns.; for the inf. n., when used as an epithet, must remain, in form, sing. and masc.: (MF in art. عفت:) or one may use the dual form جُنُبَانِ; (K;) and sometimes they used the pl. أَجْنَابٌ (S, Msb, K *) and جُنُبُونَ, (S, Msb,) and the fem. pl. جُنُبَاتٌ; (Msb;) but not جُنُبَةٌ, (K, TA,) applied to a female. (TA.) It is said in a trad., لَا تَدْخُلُ المَلَائِكَةُ بِيْتًا فِيهِ جُنُبٌ, meaning [The angels will not enter a house, or chamber, or tent, in which is] one who usually neglects the total ablution when under an obligation to perform it for the cause above mentioned. (IAth, TA.) جَنْبَةٌ: see جَنْبٌ, in four places: b2: and see جَانِبٌ. b3: Also Retirement, or secession, from others: (K, TA:) and in a trad., in which it is enjoined, used as meaning retirement from women; avoiding the sitting by them, and the approaching the place that they occupy. (TA.) You say, رَجُلٌ ذُو جَنْبَةٍ A man of retirement. (TA.) and نَزَلَ جَنْبَةً He alighted, or descended and abode, or settled, in a place aside, or apart. (S, TA.) and قَعَدَ جَنْبَةً He [sat apart, or] retired from others. (A, TA.) b4: The state of being a stranger; as also ↓ جَنَابَةٌ. (K. [Both are there mentioned as simple substs.; but the latter is an inf. n.: see جَنَبَ فِى بَنِى فُلَانٍ; and what next follows it: and see also 4.]) Both also signify Remoteness in respect of relationship. (TA.) A2: Also, جَنْبَةٌ, A piece of skin from the side of a camel, (S, L, K, *) of which is made a kind of milking vessel (عُلْبَة), (S, L,) larger than the مِــعْلَق, but smaller than the جَوْبَة. (L.) A3: And Every kind of plant, (S,) or every kind of tree in general, (K,) that produces [new leaves such as are termed] رَبْل in the season of the صَيْف [which may mean either summer or spring]: (S, K:) or every kind of plant that produces leaves in that season without rain: (TA:) or a name given to many plants, all of them عُرُوق [perhaps meaning resembling roots, i. e. straggling, or spreading like roots]; so called because less than large trees and higher than those that have no root-stock (أَرُومَة) in the earth; comprising the نَصِىّ and صِلِّيَان and حَمَاط and مَكْر and حذر [so in the TA, but I do not find it elsewhere, and think it may be a mistranscription for حَزْر, of which حَزْرَة (the name of a certain sour tree) is probably the n. un.,] and دَهْمَآء; which are smaller than شَجَر and superior to بُقُول: all this has been heard from the Arabs: (T, TA:) or green and fresh صلّيان: (TA:) or what is [of a kind] between بَقْل and شَجَر; (AHn, K, TA;) being [in the TA وهما, but this is evidently a mistake for وَهِىَ,] of the kind of which the root remains in the winter while the branches perish: (AHn, TA:) or herbage of which the root is deep in the earth; such as the نَصِىّ and the صِلِّيَان. (TA voce خَضِرٌ.) جَنَبَةٌ: see جَنْبٌ, in four places: b2: and see جَانِبٌ.

جُنَبَةٌ A thing from which one retires, or withdraws himself, to a distance, or far away, or far off; from which one stands, or keeps, aloof. (K.) جَنَابٌ: see جَنْبٌ, in five places. [Hence,] كُنَّا عَنْهُمْ جَنَابَيْنِ and جَنَابًا We were remote, or retired, from them; or out of their way. (TA.) b2: Also, (S, A, Msb, K,) and ↓ جَانِبٌ, (Msb, * TA,) A court, or yard, or an open or a wide space in front of a house or extending from its sides: (S, A, K, TA:) and a place of alighting or abode; or a settlement, or place of settling: (A:) a mansion; an abode; a habitation; or a place to which a man betakes himself, or repairs, for lodging, covert, or refuge, in a city or town or village or other place of settled habitations; syn. رَحْلٌ: (K:) and a vicinage, neighbourhood, or tract adjacent to the place of abode or settlement, of a people or company of men: pl. أَجْنِبَةٌ. (S.) You say, أَنَا فِى جَنَابِ زَيْدٍ I am in the court, or yard, of Zeyd; and in his place of alighting or abode, or settlement. (A, TA.) and فُلَانٌ رَحْبُ الجَنَابِ, (A, TA,) and خَصِيبُ الجَنَابِ, (S, A,) the former meaning Such a one is possessed of an ample رَحْل [or mansion, &c., as explained above]: (TA:) [and the latter, such a one is surrounded by a plentiful, or fruitful, tract:] or both mean (tropical:) such a one is generous or bountiful [or hospitable]. (A.) And فَلَانٌ جَدِيبُ الجَنَابِ (S, TA) [meaning Such a one is environed by a tract affected with drought, or barrenness; as explained in the S in art. جدب: but generally used tropically, as meaning (assumed tropical:) such a one is ungenerous, illiberal, or inhospitable]. And أَخْصَبَ جَنَابُ القَوْمِ [The neighbourhood of the people, or the tract surrounding them, became plentiful, or fruitful]. (S, TA.) And أَجْدَبَ بِنَا الجَنَابُ [Our neighbourhood, or the tract surrounding us, became affected with drought, or barrenness]. (TA from a trad.) b3: رَجُلٌ لَيِّنُ الجَنَابِ [perhaps a mistranscription for الجَانِبِ] (tropical:) A man easy to deal with, compliant, or obsequious. (A.) b4: [الجَنَابُ is also a title often given by writers of letters and the like to any great man to whom others betake themselves, or repair, for protection; and sometimes to God; meaning (tropical:) The object of recourse; the refuge; the asylum: similar to الحَضْرَةُ, q. v., and used in the same manner, i. e., alone, and, without the article, prefixed to the name of the person to whom it is applied, or to a pronoun; but the latter is generally considered as implying greater respect than the former.]

الجُنَابُ i. q. ذَاتُ الجَنْبِ: see جَنْبُ. (K.) جِنَابٌ A cord tied to the head and neck of a beast, by which he is led, or drawn. (KL.) [Hence,] فَرَسٌ طَوْعُ الجَنَابِ A horse easily led; or easy to be led; tractable; [obedient to the جناب;] (S, A, K, TA;) as also ↓ طَوْعُ الجَنَبِ. (TA. [See 1, near the beginning.]) جَنُوبٌ, of the fem. gender, and, accord. to Sb, both a subst. and an epithet, [so that one says رِيحٌ جَنُوبٌ, as well as جَنُوبٌ alone and رِيحُ الجَنُوبِ,] (TA,) [The south wind: or a southerly wind:] the wind that is opposite to that called the شَمَال: (S, K:) [consequently, the wind that blows from the direction of the south pole, accord. to the S;] the wind that blows from the direction of the left hand of a person standing opposite to the kibleh [by which is here meant that corner of the Kaabeh in which is set the Black Stone; which corner is towards the east]: (Th, TA:) or the wind that blows from the quarter between the place where Canopus rises [S. 29? E. in central Arabia] and the place where the same star sets [S. 29? W. in the same latitude]: ('Omárah, TA:) or from the quarter between the place where Canopus rises and the place where the sun sets in winter [W. 26? S. in central Arabia]: (As, TA:) or it is a hot wind, that blows in every season; blowing from that part of the tract between the quarter whence blows the east wind (الصَّبَا) and that whence blows the west wind (الدَّبُور) which is next to the place where Canopus rises: (T, TA:) or the wind that blows from the quarter between the place where Canopus rises and that where the Pleiades set [W. 26? N. in central Arabia]: (IAar, K:) [the points whence it usually blows seem to differ somewhat in different parts:] As says that the جنوب is attended by good, and by fecundating influence; and the شمال by drying up [of the earth &c.]: (TA:) accord. to IAar, it is hot in every place, except in Nejd, where it is cold, or cool: (MF:) pl. جَنَائِبُ (T, K) and [of pauc.]

أَجْنُبٌ. (T, TA.) b2: One says, of two persons, when they are on terms of sincere friendship, رِيحُهُمَا جَنُوبٌ (assumed tropical:) [Their wind is south, or southerly]; and when they are separated, شَمَلَتْ رِيحُهُمَا (assumed tropical:) [Their wind has become north, or northerly]. (TA.) جَنِيبٌ, applied to a horse and a captive, (TA,) Led by one's side; as also ↓ مَجْنُوبٌ and ↓ مُجَنَّبٌ: (K:) or you say ↓ خَيْلٌ مَجَنَّبَةٌ, meaning horses led by the side; the teshdeed denoting application to many objects: (S, TA:) pl. [of the first, and of جَنِيبَةٌ, q. v., or only of this last,] جَنَائِبُ and [quasi-pl. n.] ↓ جَنَبٌ. (K.) One walking by the side of another; (A;) [and] so ↓ جُنَّابٌ. (K.) b2: Any animal or man that is obedient, tractable, or submissive. (S, TA.) You say, أَصْبَحَ جَنِيبَهُ He became compliant to him. (A.) A2: See also جُنُبٌ.

A3: Also, applied to a man, [app. Having a pain in the side; or having the pleurisy; like مَجْنُوبٌ: and hence, or from جَنِبَ, q. v., irregularly formed,] as though walking on one side, bent or crooked, مُتَعَقِّفًا: so in the L: in the M and K, on the authority of IAar, مُتَعَقِّبًا [to which I am unable to assign an appropriate meaning, except its modern one of lagging behind]: so in the saying of a poet, رَبَا الجُوعُ فِى أَوْنَيْهِ حَتَّى كَأَنَّهُ جَنِيبٌ بِهِ إِنَّ الجَنِيبَ جَنِيبُ [Hunger increased in him (lit. in the two sides of his saddle-bags); so that he seemed as though he walked on one side, bent thereby; for he who has a pain in his side walks on one side, in that manner]. (TA.) A4: Also An excellent kind of dates, (K, TA,) well known; (TA;) one of the best kinds of dates. (Mgh in art. جمع, Msb.) جَنَابَةٌ: see جَنْبٌ, in four places: and see جَانِبٌ.

A2: See also جَنْبَةٌ. b2: Accord. to IAth, its primary signification is Distance: and hence it signifies The state of him who is under the obligation of performing a total ablution, by reason of sexual intercourse and discharge of the semen. (TA.) b3: The sperma genitalis [itself]. (K. [But in a marginal note in my copy of that work I find this last signification rejected as erroneous.]) A3: See also the next paragraph.

جَنِيبَةٌ A led horse or mule or ass; (S, TA;) a horse that is led [by one's side], not ridden: (Msb:) pl. جَنَائِبُ. (A, TA.) b2: جَنِيبَتَا البَعِيرِ The [two equal] loads on the two sides of the camel. (K.) b3: [Hence, app.,] اِتَّقِ اللّٰهَ الَّذِى لَا جَنيبَةَ لَهُ (tropical:) Fear thou God, to whom there is no equal. (A, TA.) b4: Also جَنِيبُةٌ, (S,) or ↓ جَنَابَةٌ, (K,) or both, (TA,) A she-camel that one gives [or lends] to people, (S, M, K,) with money, (M, TA,) in order that they may bring corn or other provision for him; (S, M, K;) also called عَلِيقَةٌ: pl. جَنَائِبُ. (S.) A2: Also, (Kr, M, K,) and خَبِيبَةٌ, (M, TA,) The wool of a ثَنِّى [or sheep in its third year]: (Kr, M, K:) it is better and cleaner than what is termed عَقِيقَة, which is the wool of a جَذَع [or sheep in or before its second year]. (TA.) جَنُوبِىٌّ Of, or relating to, the quarter of the wind termed the جَنُوب; south, or southerly.]

جَنَائِبٌ as an extr. pl.: see جَنْبٌ, first sentence.

جُنَّابٌ: see جَنِيبٌ.

جَانِبٌ; pl. جَوَانِبُ: see جَنْبٌ, in eleven places. [Hence, لَانَ جَانِبُهُ (assumed tropical:) He was, or became, gentle, easy to deal with, compliant, or obsequious. and رَجُلٌ لَيِّنُ الجَانِبِ (assumed tropical:) A man who is gentle, easy to deal with, compliant, or obsequious; contr. of غَلِيظُ الجَانِبِ; see art. غلظ: and see جَنَابٌ.

And] تُزَنُّ بِلِينِ الجَانِبِ (assumed tropical:) [She is suspected of easiness, or compliance], (K in art. لمس,) towards him who desires of her that he may lie with her. (TA in that art.) [Hence also,] جَانِبَا الأَنْفِ (CK) and ↓ جَنَابَتَا and ↓ جَنْبَتَا and ↓ جَنَبَتَا (K) The two sides of the nose: (K:) or the two lines that surround the two sides of the nose of a doe-gazelle: (Sb, TA:) pl. [of the second, agreeably with analogy,] جَنَائِبُ. (TA.) b2: See also جَنَابٌ. [It often signifies The vicinage or neighbourhood of a people &c.: and a region or quarter or tract of a people or country: like ناحية. b3: The bank of a river; and any bank, or steep acclivity. b4: and A limit, bound, or boundary: see a tropical usage of its pl. (جَوَانِبُ) voce. حِنْوٌ. b5: And عَلَى جَانِبٍ means Beside, aside, or apart; and so جَانِبًا, and فِى جَانِبٍ. b6: جَانِبٌ مِنْ مَالٍ, in posi-classical writings, means A portion, and particularly a large portion, of property: and جَانِبٌ alone, in the same, a sum, and particularly a large sum, of money. b7: The latter, also, in post-classical writings, signifies, like جَنْبٌ, q. v., (assumed tropical:) A man's honour, or reputation, which should be preserved inviolate; so used in the K voce عِرْضٌ, in an explanation of the latter word taken from IAth; i. q. نَامُوسٌ and حُرْمَةٌ, as in the TK in that case.]

A2: Avoided and despised. (K, TA.) b2: [Hence, perhaps, دَعْ كَذَا جَانِبًا Let thou, or leave thou, such a thing alone: see an ex. voce أَوٌّ.] b3: See also جُنُبٌ, in four places. b4: And see مُجَنَّبٌ.

أَجْنَبُ: see جُنُبٌ, in two places.

أَجْنَبِىٌّ: see جُنُبٌ, in three places b2: You say also, هُوَ أَجْنَبِىٌّ مِنْ كَذَا, (A,) or عِنْ كذا, (TA,) (tropical:) He has no concern nor acquaintance with such a thing. (A, TA.) مَجْنَبٌ (S, AAF, K) and ↓ مِجْنَبٌ (AAF, K) Much (A'Obeyd, S, AAF, K) of good (A'Obeyd, K) and of evil. (K.) You say, إِنَّ عِنْدَنَا لَخَيْرًا مَجْنَبًا Verily with us is much good, and شَرًّا مَجْنَبًا much evil. (S.) And طَعَامٌ مَجْنَبٌ means Much [wheat or food]. (Sh, TA.) مُجْنِبٌ: see what next follows.

مِجْنَبٌ A shield; (S, A, K;) because it wards off from its possessor what is displeasing to him; (A, TA;) also with damm to the م [app. ↓ مُجْنِبٌ, act. part. n. of 4]. (K.) b2: A thing by which a person or thing is veiled, concealed, or hidden; a veil, curtain, or covering; (K, TA;) for a house, or chamber, or tent. (TA.) b3: A thing like a door, upon which the gatherer of honey stands; (K, TA;) he being let down [upon it] by means of ropes to [the place of] the honey [in the face of a rock or mountain]. (TA.) b4: A thing (شَبَحٌ [app. here meaning a wooden implement]) resembling a comb without teeth (K, TA) and thinedged in its lowest part, (TA,) with which earth is raised upon, or against, the أَعْضَاد and فُلْجَان [or raised borders of watering-troughs or the like, and streamlets for irrigation]. (K, TA. [In the CK, الفِلْجانِ is put for الفُلْجانِ.]) b5: The extreme part of the territory of the foreigners towards that of the Arabs: (S, K:) and the nearest part of the territory of the Arabs to that of the foreigners. (S) A2: See also مَجْنَبٌ.

مُجَنَّبٌ; and its fem., with ة: see جَنِيبٌ. b2: Also, the former, (TA,) or ↓ جَانِبٌ, (K, [but this is said in the TA to be a mistake,]) A horse wide in the space between the two kind legs, (K, TA,) without what is termed فَجَجٌ [which is an awkward kind of straddling, with the hocks wide apart]: it is a quality approved. (TA. [See also 2; and see مُحَنَّبٌ.]) مُجَنِّبٌ A man whose sheep or goats [&c.] have few young ones; [and therefore, having little milk;] (TA in art. يسر;) contr. of مُيَسَرٌ. (S and TA in that art. [See also 2.]) مُجَنَّبَةٌ The van, or fore part, (K, TA,) of an army. (TA.) المُجَنِّبَتَانِ The right and left wings of an army: (K: [Golius has erroneously written مِجْنَبَتَانِ, and has given J as the authority instead of the K:]) or مُجَنَّبَةٌ signifies a portion of an army (كَتِيبَةٌ) that takes one of the two sides of a way: but the former meaning is the more correct. (IAar, TA.) مَجْنُوِبٌ pass. part. n. of 1 [q. v.]. b2: See also جنِيبٌ. b3: Also Affected by the disease termed ذَاتُ الجَنْبِ [or pleurisy]: (S, Mgh, Msb, TA:) and said to mean also having a complaint of his side, absolutely. (TA.) b4: And Affected by the [south, or southerly, wind called] جَنُوب. (S, TA.) [And Affected by that wind in one's cattle: see 1, last sentence.] سَحَابَةٌ مَجْنُوبَةٌ A cloud brought by the blowing of that wind. (S, A, K.) The saying of Aboo-Wejzeh, مَجْنُوبَةُ الأُنْسِ مَشْمُولٌ مَوَاعِدُهَا means Her familiarity passes away with the جَنُوب [or south-wind], and her promises pass away with the شَمَال [or north wind]. (IAar, TA.)

جون

1 جَانَ, (K, TA, [in the CK, erroneously, جانَّ,]) inf. n. جَوْنٌ, (TA,) It (the face) became black. (K.) جَوْنٌ White: and black: (S, Msb, K:) thus bearing two contr. significations: (S:) and ↓ جُونِىٌّ, also, has the latter signification: (IAth, TA in art. حوت:) or جَوْنٌ signifies black tinged over with red: (T, M, TA:) and black intermixed with red; the colour of the قَطَا: (T, TA:) and also red: (K:) or of a pure red colour: (TA:) and, applied to a horse and a camel, of the colour termed أَدْهَم, (S, K,) intensely black: (S:) every camel, and every wild ass, seen from a distance, is of this colour: fem. with ة: (T, TA:) and, applied to a plant, or herbage, green, (K,) or intensely green, (TA,) inclining to blackness: (K, TA:) pl. جُونٌ; (S, TA;) like as صُتْمٌ is of صَتْمٌ, (S,) and وُرْدٌ of وَرْدٌ. (M, TA.) You say also, الشَّمْسُ جَوْنَةٌ The sun is characterized by what is termed جُونَةٌ: (S:) or is intensely glistening and clear. (Az, TA.) [See also جَوْنَةٌ below.] See also جُونِىٌّ. Accord. to ISk, أَبُو الجَوْنِ meansThe white man: opposed to أَبُوالبَيْضَآءِ meaning the negro. (TA in art. بيض.) b2: Also (assumed tropical:) Day: (AO, S, K:) pl. as above. (K.) So in the saying, غَيَّرَ يَا بِنْتَ الحُلَيْسِ لَوْنِى

مَرُّ اللَّيَالِى وَاخْتِلَافُ الجُوْنِ [The passing of the nights, and the alternating of the day, have changed, O daughter of El-Holeys, my colour]. (AO, S.) b3: And, accord. to certain of the lawyers, metaphorically, (tropical:) The light: and the darkness. (Msb.) b4: And accord. to IAar, (assumed tropical:) The فرق [app. فَرَق, meaning day-break]. (TA.) A2: الجَوْنَانِ The two extremities of the bow. (Fr, Az, K.) جَوْنَةٌ The sun; (K;) [i. e.] the sun's disc; because it becomes black [or of a blackish colour tinged with red] at setting; (S;) or it may be because of its whiteness and clearness; but it is said to be only applied to the sun when it is setting; opposed to غَزَالَةٌ; as observed by MF: (TA:) [see also جَوْنٌ:] the sun is also called ↓ جَوْنَآءُ, (K,) because of its becoming black [or of a blackish colour tinged with red] at setting. (TA.) b2: A [jar such as is called] خَابِيَة: (IAar, TA:) or a خابية smeared with tar, or pitch. (S.) [See an ex. in a verse of Lebeed cited in art. دكن.] See also جُونَةٌ. b3: And A bucket (دَلْو) that has become black. (IAar, TA.) b4: And i. q. فَحْمَةٌ [which may here mean either A piece of charcoal, or the blackness of night or the like]. (IAar, K.) b5: And i. q. أَحْمَرُ [perhaps as a subst., meaning A red thing]. (K.) b6: See also جَونِىٌّ.

جُونَةٌ The quality [i. e. colour], in horses, denoted by [the epithet] جَوْنٌ; like غُبْسةٌ and دُهْمَةٌ; (S;) in horses, i. q. جَوْنَةٌ: (K:) and in the sun, also, the quality denoted by جَوْنَةٌ [as fem. of جَوْنٌ, q. v.]: and blackness; as in the saying, لَا أَفْعَلُهُ حَتَّى تَبْيَضَّ جُونَةُ القَارِ [I will not do it until the blackness of pitch, or tar, become white]: but if you say القَارِ ↓ جَوْنَةُ, the meaning is the خَابِية [smeared with tar, or pitch]. (S.) A2: A small basket (سُلَيْلَة), (K,) or سَفَط, (K in art. جأن,) of a round form, (TA,) that is with the sellers of perfumes, (S, K,) used for containing their perfumes: (K in art. جأن:) called in Persian شِيشَهْ دَانٌ [a receptacle for bottles or the like]: (KL:) originally with ء: (K:) or sometimes pronounced with ء: (S:) El-Fárisee approved the suppression of the ء: (M, TA:) pl. جُوَنٌ. (S, M, K.) [See also رَبْعَةٌ.]

A3: A small mountain. (K.) جَوْنَآءُ: see جَوْنَةٌ. b2: Also A cooking-pot; (K;) because it is black. (TA.) b3: And A she-camel such as is termed دَهْمَآءُ [of an intense, or a dark, gray colour, without any admixture of white]; from جَانَ said of the face. (K.) جُونِىٌّ: see جَوْنٌ. b2: Also A species of the kind of bird called قَطًا, (S, K,) black in the belly and wings, larger than the [species called] كُدْرِىّ, one of the former species being equal to two of the latter: (S, TA:) or, accord. to ISk, the قطا compose two species; one called جُونِىٌّ and كُدْرِىٌّ; and the other, غَطَاطٌ; and the former is dusky, or dingy, or of a hue inclining to black and dust-colour, (أَكْدَر,) in the back, black in the inner side of the wing, yellow in the throat, short in the legs, having in the tail two feathers longer than the rest of the tail: (T, TA:) or, as some say, the كُدْرِيَّة and جُونِيَّة are one of the two species of the قطا, and the other is the غطاط; and the former are short in the legs, yellow in the necks, black in the primary feathers of the wings, of a white hue tinged with red (صُهْب) in the tertials: (TA voce غطاط, q. v.:) [but see كُدْرِىٌّ: the جونىّ is described by De Sacy, on the authority of the book entitled درّة المنتقاة من عجائب المخلوقات وغرائب الموجودات, thus: “ le djouni a les barbes internes des ailes et les pennes primaires noires; il a la gorge blanche, ornée de deux colliers, l'un jaune et l'autre noir; son dos est d'un gris cendré, moucheté, mêlé d'un peu de jaune: on appelle cette espèce djouni, parce que sa voix ne rend pas un son clair et sonore, mais qu'elle fait entendre seulement une sorte de gargouillement dans le gosier: ” (Chrest. Arabe, 2nd ed., ii. 369:)] it is stated in the handwriting of As, on the authority of the Arabs, that جونىّ, applied to the قطا, is with ء; app. meaning that it was pronounced جُؤُنِىٌّ: (M, TA:) a single bird of this species is termed جُونِيَّةٌ: (S:) and you say also ↓ قَطَاةٌ جَوْنَةٌ, with fet-h: (TA:) [but جُونِىٌّ seems to be also used as a n. un., like رُومِىٌّ: for it is said that] جُونٌ is pl. [or rather coll. gen. n.] of جُونىٌّ, like as تَمْرٌ is of تَمْرَةٌ. (Ham p. 605.)

كنز

1 كَنَزَ المَالَ, aor. ـِ (T, S, M, Mgh, Msb, K, &c.,) and, accord. to MF, كَنُزَ also, but the former is that which commonly obtains, (TA,) inf. n. كَنْزٌ, (Mgh, Msb,) He buried the property, or treasure, (S, K, TA,) in the earth: (TA:) he collected the property together, (Mgh, Msb,) and treasured it, hoarded it, laid it up, reposited it, stowed it, or stored it, in secret: (Msb:) and المَالَ ↓ اكتنز signifies the same as كَنَزَهُ. (TA.) b2: كَنَزَ الشَّىْءَ, (K,) aor. ـِ inf. n. كَنْزٌ, (TA,) He pressed the thing, meaning anything, (K,) with his hand or foot, (TA,) in a receptacle, or in the earth. (K.) b3: كَنَزَالتَّمْرَ, (S, A, Msb, K,) aor. ـِ (K,) inf. n. كَنْزٌ, (Msb, TA,) and, accord. to Az, كَنَازٌ and كِنَازٌ, [but see the former of these two words below,] (Msb,) He stowed, or packed, the dates, (TA,) فِى الوِعَآءِ in the receptacle, (A, Msb,) or فِى الجِلَالِ in the large receptacles of palm-leaves, [pl. of جُلَّة,] by throwing [the contents of] a bag (جِرَاب) into the bottom of the جُلَّة and pressing them with the feet until they became compacted, or commixed in a mass, and then bag after bag until the جلّة was pressed full, when it was sewed up with palm-leaf cord. (TA.) b4: كَنَزَ البُرَّ فِى الجِرَابِ [He stored up, or packed, the wheat in the bag]. (TA.) [See an ex. of the pass. part. n. voce دَرٌّ.] b5: كَنَزَ الجِرَابَ He filled the bag very full. (A.) And كَنَزَ السِّقَآءَ He filled the skin of milk or water. (TA.) and شَدَّ كَنْزَ القِرْبَةِ He filled the water-skin. (TA.) b6: كَنَزَ الرٌّمْحَ, (Sgh, TA,) inf. n. كَنْزٌ, (Sgh, K,) He stuck the spear into the ground. (Sgh, K, * TA.) 8 اكتنز It (a thing, S, Mgh, Msb,) became collected together, or compacted; and full. (S, Mgh, Msb, K.) b2: اكتنز التَّمْرُ [The dates became closely packed, or pressed together so as to be compact or commixed in a mass: see 1]. (TA; and K in art. وجأ; &c.) The like is also said of wheat. (TA.) b3: اكتنز اللَّحْمُ The flesh became compact, or hard. (From an explanation of the part. n. in the A; &c.) A2: اكتنز الجِرَابُ The bag became very full. (A.) And اكتنز السِّقَآءُ The skin of milk or water became full. (TA.) A3: اكتنز المَالَ: see 1.

كَنْزٌ Treasure; property buried (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K) in the earth: (TA:) an inf. n. used as a subst.: pl. كُنُوزٌ. (Mgh, Msb.) b2: Hence, (TA,) it is applied in a trad. to (tropical:) Any property whereof the portion that should be given in alms is not given. (S, TA.) b3: Property that is preserved in a receptacle. (TA.) b4: Anything abundant, collected together, that is desired with emulation. (Sh, TA.) b5: Gold: and silver. (K.) It is said in a trad., أُعْطِيتُ الكَنْزَيْنِ مِنَ الأَحْمَرِ وَالأَبْيَضِ I have been given gold and silver. (TA.) b6: (tropical:) [A treasure of knowledge or science]. Yousay, مَعَهُ كَنْزٌ مِنْ كُنُوزِ العِلْمِ (tropical:) [With him is a treasure of the treasures of knowledge or science]. (A, TA.) In the Kur, xviii. 81, it is said to be used in a similar manner, as signifying not gold nor silver, but (tropical:) Science and books. (TA.) and it is said in like manner in a trad., أَلَا أُعَلِّمُكَ كَنْزًا مِنْ كُنُوزِ الجَنَّةِ لَا حَوْلَ وَلَا قُوَّةَ إِلَّا بِاللّٰهِ (tropical:) [Ho! I will teach thee a treasure of the treasures of paradise: There is no power nor strength but in God]: meaning, that a reward is stored up [in paradise] for him who says this, and who describes himself thereby, like as a treasure is stored up. (TA.) b7: Aboo-'Alee El-Kálee says, that it is used in a verse of 'Alkamah, which he does not quote, as signifying (tropical:) Fat; as a subst.; and adds, that it is the only instance known to him of its being thus used. (TA.) A2: Also, That in which property is preserved, or guarded: (K, * TA:) and ↓ مَكْنِزٌ [or rather both] that in which property is buried, treasured, hoarded, laid up, reposited, or stored, in secret: pl. of the latter, مَكَانِزُ. (A, TA.) كَنِزٌ: see مُكْتَنِزٌ.

كَنَازٌ and ↓ كِنَازٌ: see كَنَزَ التَّمْرَ. [Accord. to Az, they are inf. ns.; but some seem to regard them as simple substs.] You say, هٰذَا زَمَنُ الكَنَازِ, (S, Msb, K. *) and ↓ الكِنَازِ, (K,) This is the time of packing the dates. (K, * TA.) And El-Umawee says, أَتَيْتُهُمْ عِنْدَ الكَنَازِ, and ↓ الكِنَازِ, I came to them when they were packing the dates. (TA.) ISk says, that it has been heard only with fet-h; (S, Msb;) but some say, that it is like جَدَادٌ and جِدَادٌ, and صَرَامٌ and صِرَامٌ. (S.) b2: Also, sometimes, [The storing, or packing,] of wheat. (TA.) كِنَازٌ: see كَنَازٌ: A2: and see also مُكْتَنِزٌ, throughout.

كَنِيزٌ Dates packed in [the receptacles called]

قَوَاصِر [pl. of قَوْصَرَّةٌ] (K, TA) and جِلَال [pl. of جُلَّةٌ]. (TA,) for winter; (K, TA;) as also ↓ مَكْنُوزٌ. (TA.) See كَنَزَ التَّمْرَ. b2: See also مُكْتَنِزٌ.

كَنَّازٌ One who takes extraordinary pains in treasuring, or hoarding, gold and silver. (TA.) مَكْنِزٌ: see كَنْزٌ.

مَكْنُوزٌ: see كَنِيزٌ: b2: and مُكْتَنِزٌ.

مُكْتَنِزُ اللَّحْمِ, and ↓ كَنِيزُهُ, (A, TA,) and ↓ كَنِزَهُ, and ↓ مَكْنُوزُهُ, (TA,) Compact, or hard, in flesh: (A:) and [in like manner] ↓ كِنَازٌ compact and strong in flesh. (TA.) You say, نَاقَةٌ كِنَازٌ, (S, K,) or كِنَازُ اللَّحْمِ, (A,) and جَارِيَةٌِ كِنَازٌ, (K,) and هَنٌ كِنَازٌ, (TA,) A she-camel, (S, A, K,) and a girl, (K,) and a woman's pudendum, (TA,) compact, (مُكْتَنِزَة, S, or كَنِيزَة, or, as in the K, abundant, كَثِيرَة, TA,) in flesh, (S, K,) and hard, or firm: (K:) pl. كُنْزٌ and كِنَازٌ; the latter being like the sing.; (K;) but the two vowels [namely the two kesrehs] and the two alifs are regarded as different; for the word is not, as some assert, of the same class as جُنُبٌ, since it has a dual form, namely كِنَازَانِ. (TA.) b2: كِتَابٌ مُكْتَنِزٌ بِالفَوَائِدِ (tropical:) [A book, or writing, stored with useful things]. (A, TA.)

مرد

1 مَرَدَ, (aor.

مَرُدَ, inf. n. مَرْدٌ, S, L,) He steeped bread, (S, L, K,) or corn, (Msb,) in water, and mashed it with his hand, so as to soften it: (S, L, Msb, K:) or he soaked bread in water; (M, L;) and so مَرَثَ, and مَرَذَ, with the dotted ذ; or he softened bread in water, and crumbled it with his fingers. (As, L.) b2: مَرَدَهُ He rubbed it (a thing) in water. (TA.) b3: مَرَدَهُ, inf. n. مَرْدٌ, He crumbled it [namely bread &c.], or broke it into small pieces, with his fingers; syn. ثَرَدَهُ. (TA [but only the inf. n. is there mentioned.]) b4: مَرَدَهُ, aor. ـُ inf. n. مَرْدٌ, He made it (a thing) soft. (L.) b5: مَرَدَهُ and ↓ مرّدهُ He made it (a thing) soft and smooth; he polished it. (L.) See also 2. b6: مَرَدَ, (inf. n. مَرْدٌ, S, L,) He (a child, S, L) mumbled (مَرَسَ) the breast (S, * L, * K) of his mother: (S, L:) or sucked it. (IKtt.) b7: مَرِدَ, aor. ـ, He continued to eat مَرِيد, i. e., dates soaked in milk until rendered soft. (K.) b8: مَرِدَ (tropical:) It (a branch) was, or became, destitute of leaves. (IAar, L.) b9: مَرِدَتِ الأَرْضُ, inf. n. مَرَدٌ, (tropical:) The land was, or became, destitute of herbage, excepting a small quantity. (TA.) b10: مَرِدَ He (a horse) was, or became, without hair upon the fetlock. (IKtt.) b11: مَرِدَ, aor. ـَ (L, Msb, K,) inf. n. مَرَدٌ (S, L, Msb, K) and مُرُودَةٌ; (L, K;) and ↓ تمرّد; (S, A, L, K;) He (a youth, or young man,) was as yet beardless: (Msb:) or had no hair upon his cheeks: (IAar, L:) or remained to a late period without his beard having grown, (L, K,) or without the hair of his face having grown forth. (S, L, Msb) A2: مَرَدَ aor. ـُ (A, L, Msb, K,) inf. n. مُرُودٌ (A, L, K) and مَرْدٌ; (IAar, L;) and مَرُدَ, aor. ـُ (S, L, Msb, K,) inf. n. مَرَادَةٌ (S, L, K) and مُرُودَةٌ; (TA, and some copies of the K;) and ↓ تمرّد; (A, L;) He exalted himself, or was insolent and audacious, in pride and in acts of rebellion or disobedience; (IAar, L;) he was hold, or audacious; (M, L, K;) and immoderate, inordinate, or exhorbitant; or excessively, immoderately, or inordinately, proud, or corrupt, or unbelieving, or disobedient or rebellious; or exalted himself and was inordinate in infidelity; or was extravagant in acts of disobedience and in wrongdoing; or was refractory, or averse from obedience: (S, M, A, L, Msb, K:) or he went to such an extreme as thereby to pass from out of the general state [or category] of that species [to which he belonged]. (M, L, K.) b2: So in the phrase مرد عَلَى الأَمْرِ He was bold or audacious, and immoderate, &c., in the affair: (M, L:) and in like manner, على الشَّرِّ, in evil, or mischief: عَلَيْنَا ↓ تمرّد He acted immoderately, inordinately, or exorbitantly, &c., towards us, or against us. (L.) b3: Some explain مَرُدَ as syn. with خَبُثَ [signifying He was bad, evil, wicked, malignant, noxious, corrupt, &c.]. (MF.) b4: مَارِدٌ وَعَزَّ الأَبْلَقُ ↓ تَمَرَّدَ (tropical:) [Márid hath resisted the attempt to take it, and El-Ablak hath proved strong]: a proverb: (S:) originally said by Ex-Zebbà, the Queen of the Arabs, with reference to two fortresses which she had failed to take. (TA.) A3: مَرَدَ, (L,) inf. n. مَرْدٌ, (L, K,) He (a sailor) pushed, or propelled, a ship or boat, with a مُرْدِىّ. (L, K.) b2: He drove vehemently. (L, K.) A4: مَرَدَ عَلَى شَىْءٍ, [aor. ـُ (K,) inf. n. مُرُودٌ; (S, L;) and ↓ تمرّد; (L.) (tropical:) He became accustomed, habituated, or inured, to a thing. (S, L, K.) b2: مَرَدُوا عَلَى النِّفَاقِ [Kur., ix., 102,] (tropical:) They have become accustomed, habituated, or inured, to hypocrisy: (Fr., A, L:) or they have exalted themselves, or become insolent and audacious, in hypocrisy: (IAar:) accord. to Er-Rághib, it is from شَجَرَةٌ مَرْدَآءُ “ a tree without leaves; ”

meaning, (assumed tropical:) they have become destitute of good. (TA.) b3: مَرَدَ عَلَى الكَلَامِ (tropical:) He became accustomed, or habituated, to what was said, so that he cared not for it. (L.) 2 مرّدهُ, inf. n. تَمْرِيدٌ, (tropical:) He stripped it (a branch) of its leaves. (S, A, L.) b2: (tropical:) He stripped it (a branch) of its peel; as also مَرَدَهُ. (TA.) See 1. b3: مرّدهُ, (A, L,) inf. n. تَمْرِيدٌ, (S, L, K,) He made it (a building) smooth (S, A, L, K) and even (L, K) and tall or long; (A;) and plastered it with mud. (L.) 5 تَمَرَّدَ see 1 in five places.

مَرْدٌ [Coll. gen. n.] Bread crumbled, or broken into small pieces, with the fingers, and then moistened with broth; syn. ثَرِيدٌ. (T, L.) b2: What is fresh and juicy of the fruit of the أَرَاك: (T, S, L, K:) what is ripe thereof is called كَبَاثٌ: (T, L:) or [in the CK, and] what is ripe thereof: (L, K:) what has become black being called كباث: (TA in art. برم:) or certain red and large things pertaining thereto: n. un. with ة. (AHn, L.) مَرَدَى: see مَرَطَى.

مُرْدِىٌّ a pole with which a ship, or boat, is pushed, or propelled: (L, K:) or an oar; syn. مِجْذَافٌ. (IKtt.) مَرَادٌ (S, L, K:) and ↓ مَرَّادٌ (K) The neck: (S, L, K:) pl. [of the latter] مَرَارِيدُ. (K.) مَرُودٌ: see مَارِدٌ.

مَرِيدٌ Bread steeped in water, and mashed with the hand: or soaked in water. (L.) b2: Dates soaked in milk until they become soft: (S, L, K:) or dates thrown into milk to become soft, and then mashed with the hand: (As, L:) or moistened, and rubbed and pressed with the fingers till soft, in water or in milk; as also مَرِيسٌ. (Mgh, art. مرس.) b3: Water with milk. (K.) b4: Anything rubbed and pressed with the hand until it becomes flaccid. (As, L.) A2: See مَارِدٌ.

مَرَّادٌ: see مَرَادٌ.

مِرِّيدٌ: see مَارِدٌ.

مَارِدٌ [from مَرَدَ] and ↓ مَرِيدٌ [from مَرُدَ] (S, M, A, L, Msb, K) and ↓ مُتَمَرِّدٌ (A, K) [One who exalts himself, or is insolent and audacious, in pride and in acts of rebellion or disobedience; an insolent and audacious rebel or unbeliever; see 1;] bold or audacious; (M, L, K;) and immoderate, inordinate, or exorbitant; or excessively, immoderately, or inordinately, proud, or corrupt, or unbelieving, or disobedient or rebellious; &c.; see 1; (S, M, A, L, Msb, K;) and strong: (L:) these epithets are applied to evil beings of mankind and of the jinn, (L,) and to any animal: (M, L:) the first is said to be applied to an evil jinnee of the most powerful class: (Mir-át ez-Zemán, &c.) pl. (of the first, M, L,) مَرَدَةٌ (M, L, K) and مُرَّادٌ; (A;) and (of the second, M, L) مُرَدَآءُ. (M, L, K.) ↓ مِرِّيدٌ signifies the same in an intensive degree. (S, L, K.) b2: مَارِدٌ Lofty, high: (L, K:) applied to a building. (TA.) b3: مَارِدٌ and ↓ مَرُودٌ One who often goes and comes, by reason of his briskness, liveliness, or sprightliness. (L.) أَمْرَدُ. b2: شَجَرَةٌ مَرْدَآءُ (tropical:) A tree having no leaves upon it: (Ks, A, L, K:) or, of which the leaves have altogether gone: (AHn, L:) and in like manner, غُصْنٌ أَمْرَدُ (tropical:) a branch having no leaves upon it: (Ks, S, L:) or the latter expression is not used. (T, L.) b3: رَمْلَةٌ مَرْدَآءُ (tropical:) A sand that is plain (L) and produces no plants: (S, A, L, K:) pl. مَرَادٍ, as though it were a subst. (M, L.) b4: أَرْضٌ مَرْدَآءُ (tropical:) An expanse of sands in which nothing grows: pl. مَرَادِى [or مَرَادِىُّ]. (As, T, L.) b5: أَمْرَدُ A youth, or young man, as yet beardless: (Msb:) or having no hair upon his cheeks: (IAar, L:) or who has remained to a late period without the hair of his face having grown forth: (S, Msb:) or whose mustache has grown forth, but not his beard, (L, K,) he having attained the usual age at which the beard grows: (L:) pl. مُرْدٌ: (L:) dim. أُمَيْرِدُ. (A.) You do not apply the epithet مَرْدَآءُ to a girl [in the sense above explained]. (S, L.) It is said in a trad., أَهْلُ الجَنَّةِ جُرْدٌ مُرْدٌ [The people of paradise are without hair upon their bodies, and beardless]. (L.) b6: مَرْدَآءُ A woman having no hair upon her pubes. (M, L, K.) [In some copies of the K, for لَا إِسْبَ لَهَا, we find لا است لها: and the like is found in copies of the A.] b7: أَمْرَدُ A horse having no hair upon the fetlock. (S, L.) مُمَرَّدٌ A building made smooth, and tall or long: (A:) or made smooth: (L:) or made tall or long. (A 'Obeyd, L, K.) جَبَلٌ مُتَمَرِّدٌ (tropical:) [A mountain that opposes obstacles to one's ascent]: pl. جِبَالٌ مُتَمَرِّدَاتٌ. (A.) b2: See مَارِدٌ.

مُرْدَاسَنْجٌ: see مَرْتَكٌ in art. رتك.

مسك

1 يُمْسِكُ الرَّمَقَ : see art. رمق.2 مَسَّكَ بِالنَّارِ : see ثقّب.4 أَمْسَكَ He retained; he withheld. (Msb.) b2: He maintained: he was tenacious, or niggardly. b3: He, or it, held fast a thing: and arrested it. b4: أَمْسَكَهُ He held, retained, detained, restrained, stayed, confined, imprisoned, or withheld, him. (K.) b5: أَمْسَكَ عَنِ الأَمْرِ He held, refrained, or abstained, from the thing. (Msb.) b6: أَمْسَكَهُ He grasped it, clutched it, laid hold upon it; or seized it, (بِيَدِهِ (قَبَضَ عَلَيْهِ with his hand: (Msb:) or he took it; or took it with his hand, (أَخَذَهُ,) namely, a rope, &c.: (Mgh:) or he held, or clung, to it: (TA:) [as also تَمَسكَ ↓ بِهِ]. Also, أَمْسَكَ بِهِ signifies [the same; or] he laid hold upon, or seized, somewhat of his body, or what might detain him, as an arm or a hand, or a garment, and the like: but أَمْسَقَهُ may signify he withheld him, or restrained him, from acting according to his own free will. (Mugh, art. بِ.) b7: أَمْسَكَ بَطْنَهُ [It bound, or confined, his belly (or bowels)]: said of medicine. (S, O, Msb, K; all in art. عقل.) b8: الإِمْسَاك, in relation to تَحْجِيل: see an unusual application of it in art. طلق, conj. 4.5 تَمَسَّكَ see 4 and 8. b2: تَمَسَّكَ بِحَبْلِهِ He held fast by his covenant: see أَعْصَمَ.6 تَمَاسَكَ He withheld, or restrained, himself: (PS:) he was able, or powerful; as also تَمَالَكَ, q. v. (KL.) b2: مَا تَمَاسَكَ أَنْ فَعَلَ كَذَا He could not restrain himself from doing so; syn. مَا تَمَالكَ. (S.) b3: تَمَاسَكَ It held together. b4: إِنَّهُ لَذُو تَمَاسُكٍ (assumed tropical:) Verily he possesses intelligence. (TA.) and مَابِهِ تَمَاسُكٌ (tropical:) There is no good in him. (TA.) See مُسْكَةٌ.8 اِمْتَسَكَ بِهِ He clutched, or griped, him, or it; i. q. بِهِ ↓ تَمَسَّكَ. (MA.) 10 اِسْتَمْسَكَ البَطْنُ [The belly (or bowels) became bound, or confined]. (TA in art. عقل.) b2: اِسْتَمْسَكَ بِهِ [sometimes] He sought to lay hold upon it. (Bd, in ii. 257.) b3: اِسْتَمْسَكَ: see an ex. voce صِرْعَةٌ.

مِسْكٌ [Musk: it is obtained from the muskdeer, moschus moschiferus; being found in the male animal, in a vesicle near the navel and prepuce.] It is masc. and fem. (IAmb, TA voce ذَكِىٌّ.) مَسَكٌ Tortoise-shell; syn. ذَبْلٌ: (K:) bracelets made of tortoise-shell (ذَبْلٌ), or of عاج [ivory]: (S, Msb:) bracelets and anklets made of horn and of عاج: n. un. with مُسْكَةٌ. (K.) مُسْكَةٌ Intelligence: (Msb:) or full intelligence, (K, TA,) and judgment; judgment and intel-ligence to which one has recourse; as also مُسْكٌ, not ↓ مَسِيكٌ, as in the K; (TA;) i. q. تَمَاسُكٌ. (Mgh.) You say, لَيْسَ لَهُ مُسْكَةٌ He has no intel-ligence. (Msb.) b2: لَيْسَ بِهِ مُسْكَةٌ He has no strength. (Msb.) مُسْكَانٌ : see art. سكن.

مِسَاكٌ or مَسَاكٌ A kind of needles: see مِدَادٌ.

مَسِيكٌ : see مُسْكَةٌ.

مَسَّاكاتٌ [in the CK, art. روض, written مُسّاكات,] Places, in land, or in the ground, to which the rain-water flows, and which retain it. (TA.) See ضَابِطَةٌ.

مُمْسَكٌ , said of a horse, white on both fore and kind leg on the same side: see مُحَجَّلٌ.

مُتَمَاسِكٌ Compact in the limbs, (TA in art. بدن,) or flesh. (TA in this art.)