فسد
1 فَسَدَ,
aor. ـُ (
S,
M,
A,
O,
L,
Msb,
K, &c.,) which is the
aor. commonly known, (
TA,) and فَسِدَ, (
IDrd,
M,
O,
L,
K,) which is of weak authority; (
IDrd,
O,
TA;) and فَسُدَ,
aor. ـُ (
S,
M,
O,
L,
K;)
inf. n. فَسَادٌ (
S.
M,
A,
O,
L,
K) and فُسُودٌ, (
M,
O,
L,
K,) the former being
inf. n. of فَسَدَ,
aor. ـُ (
S,
A,
O,) and so the latter, and the former being also
inf. n. of فَسُدَ, (
O,) or the former is of فَسُدَ and the latter is of فَسَدَ, (
TA,) or the former is a simple
subst., and the latter is the
inf. n.; (
Msb;) It (a thing,
S,
A, O) [and he (a man)] was, or became, bad, evil, corrupt, unsound, wrong, wrongful, improper, unrighteous, wicked, vitious, depraved, or dishonest; devoid of virtue, or efficacy; in a corrupted, vitiated, perverted, marred, spoiled, injured, impaired, deteriorated, tainted, or infected, state; in a state of disorder or disturbance, destruction, annihilation, consumption, waste, or ruin; (
MA,
KL,
PS, &c.;) and so ↓ استفسد: (
KL:)
contr. of صَلَحَ: (
M, *
L,
K:) it became altered in its state [for the worse]: and it became null, void, of no force, or of no account; or it came to nought, or perished;
accord. to the explanation by most of the expositors of the
ex. in the
Kur xxi. 22. (
MF.) 2 فَسَّدَ see 4, first sentence.
3 فاسدهُ He became at variance with him; he cut, severed, or broke, the tie of friendship [or kindred] with him. (
L in art. كشح.) And فُلَانٌ يُفَاسِدُ رَهْطَهُ [Such a one cuts the ties of friendship, or kindred, with his people, tribe, or near kinsfolk]. (
A.) 4 افسد, (
S,
M,
O,
L,
Msb,
K, &c.,)
inf. n. إفْسَادٌ and [quasi-inf.
n.] فَسَادٌ; (
L;) and ↓ فسّد, (
O,
L,
Msb,
K,)
inf. n. تَفْسِيدٌ; (
O,
K;) He, or it, made, or rendered, bad, evil, corrupt, unsound, wrong, wrongful, improper, unrighteous, wicked, vitious, depraved, or dishonest; deprived of virtue, or efficacy; corrupted, vitiated, perverted, marred, spoiled, injured, impaired, deteriorated, tainted, or infected; [constituted, disposed, arranged, or qualified, ill, wrongly, or improperly;] disordered, or disturbed, [disorganized,] destroyed, annihilated, consumed, wasted, or ruined; (
MA,
KL, &c.;)
contr. of أصْلَحَ. (
M,
L,
K.) One says, افسد المَالَ [He rendered the property in a bad state; marred, impaired, consumed, or wasted, it]. (
L.) [and افسد عَلَيْهِمْ He corrupted, perverted, or marred, their state, case, affair, scheme, plot, or the like; أَمْرَهُمْ, or the like, being understood. And افسدهُ عَلَىَّ He corrupted him and rendered him disaffected towards me.] إِفْسَادُ صَبِىٍّ, occurring in a
trad., means The injuring a child by rendering its mother pregnant while she is suckling it and so vitiating her milk: which act is also termed الغِيلَهُ. (
L.) [And افسد as
contr. of أَصْلَحَ signifies also He acted in a bad, an evil, or a corrupt, manner; acted ill, corruptly, wrongly, wrongfully, improperly, unrighteously, wickedly, vitiously, or dishonestly; or did evil, or mischief; إِلَيْهِ to him: and he created, or excited, disorder, disturbance, disagreement, discord, dissension, strife, or quarrel-ling; or made, or did, mischief; بَيْنَ القَوْمِ between, or among, the people, or party. (See also 10.)]
6 تفاسدوا They became at variance, one with another; (
M,
L;) they cut, severed, or broke, the tie of kindred, (
M,
L,
K,) and of friendship, (
L,) one with another. (
M,
L,
K.) 7 انفسد [as quasi-
pass. of أَفْسَدَهُ] is not allowable, (
S,
L,) or has not been heard. (
K.) 10 استفسد
contr. of اِسْتَصْلَحَ. (
S,
O,
L,
K.) [Hence, He regarded, or esteemed, a thing, or man, as bad, evil, corrupt, unsound, wrong, wrongful, improper, unrighteous, wicked, vitious, depraved, or dishonest; &c.: see 1.
b2: And] He wished, or desired, [a thing, or man,] to be bad, evil, corrupt, &c. (
KL.)
b3: [And He sought to render bad, evil, corrupt, &c.
b4: And hence, He treated in such a manner as to render disaffected, or rebellious.] One says, الأَمِيرُ يَسْتَفْسِدُ رَعِيَّتَهُ [The prince, or governor, treats his subjects in such a manner as to render them disaffected, or rebel-lious]. (
A.) And استفسدالسُّلْطَانُ قَائِدَهُ The Sultán provoked the leader of his forces to rebel-lion by his evil conduct to him. (
L.)
b5: [and He sought to act in a bad, an evil, or a corrupt, manner; to act ill, corruptly, wrongly, wrongfully, improperly, unrighteously, or dishonestly.] One says, استفسد فُلَانٌ إِلَى فُلَانٍ [Such a one sought to act in a bad, an evil, or a corrupt, manner, or to act ill, &c., to such a one]. (
M.)
b6: [And He sought discord, or dissension.
b7: and It (an event) happened in a bad, or an evil, manner.]
b8: See also 1.
فَسَادٌ an
inf. n. of 1: (
S,
M,
A, &c.:) or a simple
subst.: (
Msb:) [as a
subst. signifying] Badness, evilness, corruptness, unsoundness, wrongness, wrongfulness, impropriety, unrighteousness, wickedness, vitiousness, depravity, or dishonesty; the state of being devoid of virtue or efficacy; a corrupted, vitiated, perverted, marred, spoiled, deteriorated, or tainted, state; a state of disorder or disturbance, or of destruction, annihilation, consumption, waste, or ruin: (
MA,
KL,
PS, &c.:)
contr. of صَلَاحٌ. (
Lth,
M,
Msb.) And it is also [frequently used as a quasi-
inf. n.]
syn. with إِفْسَادٌ [signifying The making, or rendering, bad, evil, corrupt, &c.: (see 4:) and, oftener, the acting ill, corruptly, wrong, wrongfully, improperly, unrighteously, wickedly, vitiously, or dishonestly; doing evil, or mischief; and creating, or exciting, disorder, disturbance, disagreement, discord, dissension, strife, or quarrelling]: (
L:) and [particularly] the taking property wrongfully. (
O,
K.) [Hence,] حَرْبُ الفَسَادِ [The war of evildoing]: thus was termed a war that happened between [the two sub-tribes] بَنُوشك [in which the latter word is
app. a mistranscription for شِبْكٍ] and غَوْث, of the tribe of طَىِّء: it was so termed because one party patched their sandals with the cars of the other, and one party drank wine out of the skulls of the other. (
MF.)
b2: Also Drought, barrenness, dearth, or scarcity of good: (
M,
L,
K:) so in the
Kur [xxx. 40], ظَهَرَ الْفَسَادُ فِى البَرِّ وَ الْبَحْرِ i. e. Drought, &c., hath appeared in the land, and in the cities that are upon the rivers; (
M,
L,
TA;)
accord. to
Zj; (
M;) or
accord. to Ez-Zejjájee. (
L,
TA.) فَسِيدٌ: see the next paragraph.
فَاسِدٌ, (
S,
M,
A,
O,
L,
Msb,
K, &c.,) part.
n. of فَسَدَ; (
S,
M,
A, &c.;) and ↓ فَسِيدٌ, (
S,
M,
O,
L,
K,) part.
n. of فَسُدَ; (
S, O;) Bad, evil, corrupt, unsound, wrong, wrongful, improper, unrighteous, wicked, vitious, depraved, or dishonest; devoid of virtue, or efficacy; in a corrupted, vitiated, perverted, marred, spoiled, injured, impaired, deteriorated, tainted, or infected, state; in a state of disorder or disturbance, destruction, annihilation, consumption, waste, or ruin: (
MA,
KL,
PS, &c.: [
contr. of صَالِحٌ and صَلِيحٌ, as is indicated in the
S and
M &c.:])
pl. (of the former,
S,
O,
Msb, [
dev. from general
analogy, and of the latter agreeably therewith,]) فَسْدَى, (
S,
M,
O,
Msb,
K,) applied to a people, (
S,
M,
O,) like as they said سَاقِطٌ and سَقْطَى; (
S, O;) the
pl. being made of the same form as هَلْكَى because these two words are nearly the same in meaning. (
Sb,
M.) أَفْسَدُ is [a noun denoting the comparative and superlative degrees] from الفَسَادُ; as in the
prov., أَفْسَدُ مِنْ بَيْضَةِ البَلَدِ i. e. [More corrupt, or unsound, &c.,] than the egg that the ostrich leaves in the desert, not returning to it, in consequence of which it becomes corrupt, or unsound, &c.: and, anomalously, from الإِفْسَادُ; as in the
prov., أَفْسَدَ مِنَ الجَرَادِ [i. e. More corrupting, or marring, &c., than the locust], because it strips the trees and the herbage; and as in other provs. (
Meyd.) مَفْسَدَةٌ A cause, or means, or an occasion, of فَسَاد [i. e. badness, evilness, corruptness, unsoundness, &c.; or making, or rendering, bad, evil, corrupt, &c.]; (
M, A;)
contr. of مَصْلَحَةٌ: (
S,
O,
Msb,
K:)
pl. مَفَاسِدُ. (
A,
Msb.) One says, هٰذَا الأَمْرِ مَفْسَدَةٌ لِكَذَا [This affair, or event, is cause of evil, &c., to such a thing]. (
M.) And هُمْ مِنْ
أَهْلِ المَفَاسِدِ لَا المَصَالِحِ [They are of the people who do actions that are causes of evil, not actions that are causes of good]. (
A.)
