عصب: عصب: قارن ما ذكره لين 2057 في الآخر بما جاء في أخبار (ص152) مع تعليقي عليه.
عصب: المعنى الثاني عشر في معجم فريتاج. ويقال مجازاً: افلت بعد عصب الريق.
عَصَّب (بالتشديد): ضمدَّ أو لأم جرحاً.
(هلو) وفي البكري: عصب جراحه.
عصب عَيْنيهَ: غطى عينيه، غمى عينيه.
(ألف ليلة 1: 35، 77).
عصَّب: كسا البرج وغطاه بقطعة قماش (مملوك 222: 212).
أعصب: فسر شارح ديوان مسلم قولهم معتدل الهوى بقوله: ليس لك أعْصِبْ. ويرى الناشر أن هذا الفعل للتعجب= ليس لك أن يقال أَعْصِبْ بيعقوب أي ليس لك أن يقال ما أشد يعقوب وأقواه. وهذا فيما أرى مشكوك فيه.
تعصبَّ. والمصدر منه تعصُّب: وهي المحاماة عن عصبته وقومه والغضب لهم. (بوشر).
تعصَّب بأو مع: تحزَّب له وانضم إلى حزبه وجماعته، وتحالف. (بوشر).
تعصَّب: دبر مؤامرة. (بوشر).
تعصَّب: تألب. (بوشر).
تعصَّب: اعتنق رأيا، انتمى إلى حزب. (بوشر).
تعصب برأي أحد: تعلق برأيه وارتبط به.
تعصَّب: تآمر على، ائتمر، ويقال: تعصب مع ناس على: دبر مكيدة معهم، تآمر معهم.
(بوشر، ياقوت 1: 521).
اعتصبْ ب: انضم إلى لوائه، اعتنق رأيه، انتمى إلى حزمه. ويقال: اعتصب مع: تحالف مع، وتحزب معه (بوشر).
اعصوصب: يقال اعصوصب على دعوة فلان: أعلنوا أنهم من عصبته ومؤيديه. (تاريخ البربر 1: 27) ويقال: أعصوصب على فلان. تاريخ البربر 1: 87).
اعصوصب بفلان: لم يتضح لي معناها، ففي حيان- بسام (1: 120و): فارتاعت صنهاجة من معسكر المرتضى واعصوصبوا بأميرهم زاوي مسلمين له بالتدبير.
عَصْب أو عُصْب: اسم نبات، وتجمع على عصاب (معجم الادريسي) وانظر ابن البيطار (2: 196) ففيه: هو النبات المسمى باليونانية نوارس، وهذا في مخطوطة أب (2: 563) وفي مخطوطة أب (2: 196): العصب، وكذلك عند ديسقوريدوس 3: 15).
عَصَب: رباط عظم، ويقول صاحب المعجم المنصوري أن هذه الكلمة ليست من فصيح اللغة بهذا المعنى.
وفي معجم فوك: عصب: وتر العضلة، وجمعها أعصاب.
عَصَب: معنى هذه الكلمة في المعجم اللاتيني- العربي محك للعظام، وهذا غريب.
عصِب: أحذف من معجم فريتاج معنى آلة تعذيب. وانظر: فليشر (معجم ص32).
عصبة (عَصْبة أو عِصْبة): رَبْط الجرح بالعِصاب وهو ما يشدّ به منديل أو خرقة. ففي مجمع الأنهر (2: 259) واختلف في عصبة الجراحة بالحرير.
عَصْبة: هي في مصر طرحة من الحرير مربعة الشكل سوداء اللون لها حاشية حمراء وصفراء، وهي تبطن بصورة منحرفة، ثم يلف بها الرأس، وتعقد من الخلف عقدة واحدة. (الملابس ص300). وهي في دمشق= منديل (زيشر 22: 147).
عصبة: نوع من القلانس تلبس عند النوم. (بوشر).
عَصْبة؟: محبة، تعلق، حنان. ففي قصة عنتر (ص6): زادت عصبته لعنتر.
عُصْبَة. وجمعها عُصَب: حزب، جماعة من الناس. زمرة، عصابة، متآمرون، طغمة، تحالف، ائتلاف، اتحاد، مؤامرة. (بوشر).
عصبة الشعب: ثورة الشعب وعصيانه وهيجانه. وثورة الغوغاء. (بوشر).
عَصَبَة: الذين نطلق عليهم كلمة عصبة في الفرائض من ليست لهم فريضة مسماة في الميراث وانما يأخذون ما أبقى ذوو الفروض. وقد ذكرهم فنست في دراسات في الشريعة الإسلامية (ص65).
عَصبة: سلسلة صغيرة تربط بالقرطين وتعلق على الجبهة بصورة تشكل نوعاً من الأكاليل.
(دوماس حياة العرب ص173).
عصبة الساق: ربلة الساق. (همبرت ص5)، ويقال أيضاً: عصبة فقط (هلو) وفيه الجمع أعصاب.
عَصَبَة: شريط، رباط، عِصاب، عصابة. وهي عَصّبة في معجم فريتاج.
عصبي: سريع التأثر والانفعال.
عصبية: لاحظ قولهم: كانت دعوته عصبية المولدين على العرب. (حيان ص11 ق).
عصبان: مصارين تقطع قطعاً صغيرة وتخلط باللحم وتتبل مع الرز والفلفل والملح وكثير من الاباريز والتوابل (دوماس حياة العرب ص252).
عِصاب: منديل يوضع فوق العمامة لتثبيتها (بوشر).
عِصَابة: رباط، ما يشد به من منديل أو خرقة.
عِصَاب. وجمعها في معجم بوشر: عُصَب.
عصابة انظر الملابس (ص300) وزيشر (22: 147). وفي معجم بوشر: عمارة للرأس تتكون من منديل يلف حول الرأس.
عصابة الطاقية: القسم الأعلى المدور المقبب منها. والقسم الأعلى منها الذي لا يمس الرأس.
(الملابس ص282). عصابة: راية من الحرير مزركشة بالذهب تحمل خلف السلطان تعلوها خصلة من الشعر وكانت شارة السلطنة. (مملوك 1، 1: 135، 192، 227، د 228، 250، دي ساسي طرائف 2: 268 (وقد ترجمت ترجمة سيئة، المقدمة 2: 46).
عِصَابة: عند اليهود قدة من جلد كتب عليها آيات من التوراة تجعل على الجبهة أو المصدر أو العنق أو اليد علامة للتقوى والديانة، وربما اتخذوها عوذة. (محيط المحيط).
عصَابية- دهماوية (بوشر).
عَصَاب: هو بالمغرب نبات اسمه العلمي. Lipidium Latifolium ففي المستعيني: شيطرج: وهو العَصَّاب (والشدة بالمخطوطتين) وفي معجم المنصوري مادة شيطرج: وأكثر المتأخرين على إنه المسمى بالمغرب العَصَّاب (وضبط الكلمة في في المخطوطة) وفي ابن البيطار مادة شيطرج هو العصاب بالبربرية، وفيه بعد ذلك (2: 196) (ولم يذكر سونثمير هذه المادة): عُصاب هو الشيطرج بالبربرية. وضبط الكلمة هذا في مخطوطة ب.
تعْصيب: قوة الأعصاب (الكالا).
معَصَّب: عصبي، سريع التأثر والانفعال (فوك، الكالا).

عصب

1 عَصَبَ, aor. ـِ (K,) inf. n. عَصْبٌ, (S, A, Mgh, O, K,) He twisted [a thing], or wound [it] round: (A, K, TA:) this is the primary signification: (TA:) and he folded [it]; (A, K;) or he folded [it] tightly: (S, O, TA:) and he bound [it], or tied [it]: (A, Mgh, K, TA:) عَصْبٌ denotes the binding, or tying, a thing with another thing, lengthwise, or [more commonly] around. (O.) See also 2, first sentence. [And see مَعْصُوبٌ.] b2: He twisted, or spun, thread. (K, * TA.) And He put together thread, and bound it, previously to dyeing it. (TA.) b3: عَصَبَ الكَبْشَ, (S, O, Msb, K, *] aor. as above, (K,) and so the inf. n., (S, Msb, K,) He bound, or tied, (tightly, TA) the testicles of the ram, in order that they might fall, without his extracting them: (S, O, Msb, K:) and in like manner one says of a goat, (K,) and of other beasts. (TA.) b4: عَصَبَ النَّاقَةَ, (O, Msb, K, *) aor. as above, (K,) and so the inf. n., (Msb, K, TA,) and عِصَابٌ also; (TA;) and ↓ اعتصبها; (O, K;) He bound the thighs of the she-camel, (Msb, K, TA,) or the lower parts of her nostrils, (TA,) with a cord, (Msb, TA,) in order that she might yield her milk copiously: (Msb, K, TA:) and (O) عَصَبَ فَخِذَ النَّاقَةِ [He bound the thigh of the she-camel] for that purpose. (S, O.) [See عَصُوبٌ.] Hence one says, أَعْطَى عَلَى العَصْبِ (tropical:) He gave by means of force. (TA.) And مِثْلِى لَا يَدِرُّ بِالعِصَابِ (assumed tropical:) Such a one as I am will not give by means of force. (A, TA.) b5: عَصَبَتْ فَرْجَهَا She (a woman) bound her vulva with a bandage. (Msb.) b6: عَصَبَ الشَّجَرَةَ, (S, O, K,) aor. ـِ inf. n. عَصْبٌ, (K,) He drew together the branches of the tree (S, O, K, TA) that were straggling, (K, TA,) by means of a rope, (TA,) and then beat it, (S, O, K, TA,) in order that its leaves might fall. (S, O, TA.) [Golius assigns this signification also to عَصَّبَ, as on the authority of the S, in which I do not find it.] El-Hajjáj said, (S, TA,) when preaching to the people at El-Koofeh, (TA,) لَأَعْصِبَنَّكُمْ عَصْبَ السَّلَمِ (S) or السَّلَمَةِ (TA) [I will assuredly draw you together and beat you as one does the selem or the selemeh]. The سَلَمَة is a tree of the kind called عِضَاه, having thorns, and its leaves are the قَرَظ with which hides are tanned: [but see قَرَظٌ:] the removal of the leaves with the hand being difficult on account of the many thorns, its branches are drawn together and bound tightly with a rope; then the beater pulls them towards him, and beats them with his staff; whereupon the leaves become scattered for the cattle and for him who desires to gather them. (TA.) Or this is done, (S, O, TA,) accord. to A 'Obeyd, (S, O,) only (TA) when they desire to cut down the selemeh, that they may get at the stock. (S, O, TA.) [Hence,] one says, فُلَانٌ لَا تُعْصَبُ سَلَمَاتُهُ [Such a one will not have his selemehs bound round with a rope, and beaten]: a prov., applied to a strong, mighty man, not to be subdued nor abased. (A, * TA.) And one says also of winds, تَعْصِبُ الشَّجَرَ عِنْدَ دُرُوجِهَا فِيهِ (assumed tropical:) [They compress the branches of the trees, as though they bound them round, in their passage among them]: and such winds are termed ↓ عَصَائِبُ. (O.) And عَصَبَ القَوْمَ, aor. ـِ inf. n. عَصْبٌ, (assumed tropical:) It (an affair, or event,) drew the people together, and became severe to them. (Az, TA.) b7: عَصَبَ صَدْعَ الزُجَاجَةِ بِضَبَّةٍ مِنْ فِضَّةٍ He (a smith) repaired the crack of the glass vessel by putting round it a band of silver. (O, TA.) b8: عَصَبَ بِرَأْسِ قَوْمِهِ العَارَ (assumed tropical:) He made disgrace to befall his people [as though he bound it upon the head of their chief or upon the head of each of them]. (O.) It is related in a trad. respecting the battle of Bedr, that 'Otbeh the son of Rabee'ah said, اِرْجِعُوا وَلَا تُقَاتِلُوا وَاعْصِبُوهَا بِرَأْسِى (assumed tropical:) [Return ye, and fight not; and bind it upon my head]; meaning attach and attribute to me the disgrace that will befall you for relinquishing the battle and inclining to peace. (IAth, TA.) And it is said in another trad., قُومُوا بِمَا عَصَبَكُمْ بِهِ (assumed tropical:) Fulfil ye the obligations with which He (meaning God) has bound you; or which He has imposed upon you and attached to you; by his commands and prohibitions. (TA.) b9: عَصَبَ الشَّىْءَ and عَلَى

الشَّىْءِ, aor. ـِ inf. n. عَصْبٌ and عِصَابٌ, He grasped the thing with his hand. (K, * TA.) A poet, cited by IAar, says, وَكُنَّا يَا قُرَيْشُ إِذَا عَصَبْنَا يَجِىْءُ عِصَابُنَا بِدَمٍ عَبِيطِ [And we were, O Kureysh, when we grasped our opponents, such that our grasping brought fresh blood]; عِصَابُنَا meaning our grasping those whom we opposed with the swords. (TA.) b10: and عَصَبَ, aor. ـِ inf. n. عَصْبٌ, He clung, or kept, to a thing. (K.) One says, عَصَبَ المَآءَ He kept to, or by, the water. (IAar, TA.) And عَصَبَ الرَّجُلُ بَيْتَهُ The man remained, or stayed, in his house, or tent, not quitting it. (O, TA.) b11: And He went round, encompassed, or surrounded, a thing. (K.) It is said in a trad., of the angel Gabriel, on the day of Bedr, قَدْ عَصَبَ رَأْسَهُ الغُبَارُ The dust had overspread, [or surrounded,] and clung to, his head: or, as some relate it, قَدْ عَصَمَ ثَنِيَّتَيْهِ الغُبَارُ; and if this be not a mistake, the latter verb is syn. with the former: ب and م being often interchangeable: (L, TA:) the latter phrase means, as also with عَصَبَ, the dust had stuck to his two central incisors. (TA in art. عصم.) And Ibn Ahmar says, إِذْ عَصَبَ النَّاسَ شَمَالٌ وَقُرٌ [وَقُرْ being for وَقُرٌّ] i. e. When north wind and cold environ me. (L, TA.) And one says also, عَصَبَ الغُبَارُ بِالجَبَلِ The dust encompassed, or surrounded, the mountain. (L, TA.) And عَصَبُوا بِهِ They encompassed, or surrounded, him: (S, A, Mgh, O, TA:) and they encompassed, or surrounded, him, looking at him: (S, O:) and, (Msb, K,) as also عَصِبُوا, (K,) aor. of the former عَصِبَ, (Msb, K,) and inf. n. عَصْبٌ, (Msb,) and aor. of the latter عَصَبَ, (K,) they assembled around him (Msb, K) for fight or defence. (Msb. For another explanation of عَصَبَ and عَصِبَ, see 12.) And عَصَبَ القَوْمُ بِالنَّسَبِ i. q. أَحَاطُوا بِهِ [app. meaning The people, or party, included, or comprehended, the relations, or kinsmen; for النَّسَبُ is often used for ذَوُو النَّسَبِ]. (Msb.) and عَصَبَتِ الإِبِلُ بِالمَآءِ The camels surrounded, or encircled, the water. (S, O.) b12: عَصَبَ الرِّيقُ بِفِيهِ, (S, O, K, * TA,) aor. ـِ inf. n. عَصْبٌ; (K, TA;) and عَصِبَ, aor. ـَ (TA;) The saliva became dry in his mouth. (S, O, K, * TA.) And عَصَبَ الرِّيقُ فَاهُ (S, O, TA) The saliva by its drying made his mouth dry: and the saliva adhered to his mouth. (TA.) Aboo-Mohammad El-Fak'asee says, يَعْصِبُ فَاهُ الرِّيقُ أَىَّ عَصْبِ عَصْبَ الجُبَابِ بِشَفَاهِ الوَطْبِ

[The saliva makes his mouth dry, with what a drying ! as the drying of the spume of camels' milk on the lips of the skin]. (S, O.) and عَصَبَ فُوهُ, aor. ـِ inf. n. عَصْبٌ, His mouth, with his saliva, became dry. (O.) And عَصَبَ الفَمُ, (K, * TA,) aor. ـِ inf. n. عَصْبٌ and عُصُوبٌ, meaning [The mouth, or teeth, (the latter accord. to the explanation in the K,)] became foul, or dirty, from dust and the like, (K, TA,) as from vehement thirst, or fear. (TA.) b13: عَصَبَ, aor. ـِ inf. n. عُصُوبٌ, He was, or became, [hungry; or] very hungry; or his bowels were almost dried up with hunger: because it is said of the practice of a hungry man's binding round his belly, as expl. voce مَعْصُوبٌ [q. v.]. (TA.) b14: عَصَبَ الأُفُقُ The horizon became red. (S, O. [In Freytag's Lex. عَصِبَ, as from the K, in which I do not find it. See عَصْبٌ.]) A2: عَصِبَ, (S, O, K,) with kesr, (S, O,) like فَرِحَ, (K,) said of flesh, or flesh-meat, It had many عَصَبَ [i. e. sinews, or tendons]. (S, O, K.) b2: And عَصِبَ, aor. ـَ inf. n. عَصْبٌ, [so in the TA, and so in a verse there cited, not عَصَبٌ,] He was, or became, firm and compact in flesh. (TA.) b3: [Other meanings of this verb have been mentioned above.]2 عصّب, (S, A, O, &c.,) inf. n. تَعْصِيبٌ, (S, A, O,) [He bound, or wound round, a thing with several circumvolutions:] he bound [or wound round] a man's head with a turban, fillet, bandage, or the like; (S, * O, * Msb, K, * TA;) as also ↓ عَصَبَ, inf. n. عَصْبٌ: (MA:) and he bound a broken limb, or a wound, with a piece of rag or a bandage. (L, TA.) He turbaned a man; attired him with a turban. (A, TA.) b2: Hence, (A, O,) تَعْصِيبٌ signifies (tropical:) [The crowning a man: (see the pass. part. n.:)] the making a man a chief: (A, O, K, TA:) for turbans are the crowns of the Arabs: (O:) when a man's people made him a chief, they bound his head with a turban: (A, TA:) as kings wore crowns, so the chiefs of the Arabs wore red turbans: (L, TA:) there were brought to the desert, from Haráh (هَرَاة), red turbans, which the nobles among the Arabs wore. (Az, TA.) b3: [Hence also,] عصّبهُ بِالسَّيْفِ i. q. عَمَّمَهُ بِهِ (assumed tropical:) [He cut, or wounded, him in the place of the turban, with the sword]. (A, TA.) b4: And عصّبهُ, inf. n. as above, He, or it, [caused him to bind his waist by reason of hunger: (see the pass. part. n.:) and hence,] made him to hunger: (K:) and عَصَّبَتْهُمُ السِّنُونَ The years of drought, or sterility, made them to hunger: (TA:) or عصّبتهُ السِّنُونَ The years of drought, or sterility, ate up his property, or cattle. (A 'Obeyd, S, O.) And It [i. e. drought or the like] destroyed him: (K:) and عصّب الدَّهْرُ مَالَهُ Adverse fortune destroyed his cattle, or camels &c. (TA.) b5: And He called him مُعَصَّب [meaning poor]: so says IAar; and he cites as an ex., يُدْعَى المُعَصَّبَ مَنْ قَلَّتْ حَلُوبَتُهُ وَهَلْ يُعَصَّبُ مَاضِى الهَمِّ مِقْدَامُ [He is called the poor, whose milch-cattle have become few: but should one whose purpose is effectual, one of great boldness, be called poor?]. (TA.) b6: الذَّكَرُ يُعَصِّبُ الأُنْثَى means The male makes the female to be such as is termed عَصَبَةٌ [by his being consociated with her as such]. (Mgh.) 4 أَعْصَبَ see 12. b2: [Golius explains this v. as meaning “ Firmiter religavit: ” or, as a trans. v. governing an accus., “constringi jussit: ” as on the authority of the S, in which I do not find it in any sense.]5 تعصّب i. q. شَدَّ العِصَابَةَ [i. e. He bound the turban, or fillet, round his (own) head; a meaning well known, whence that explained in the next sentence: (see also 8:) and he bound a bandage of some kind round his (own) body, by reason of hunger: see مُعَصَّبٌ]. (S, O, Msb, * K.) b2: And (assumed tropical:) He was made a chief; quasi-pass. of 2 [q. v.]. (L, TA.) b3: And it has also another signification, from العَصَبِيَّة; (S, O;) [i. e.] it signifies also أَتَى بِالعَصَبِيَّةِ; (K, TA;) which means [He aided his people, or party, against hostile conduct: or he was angry, or zealous, for the sake of his party, and defended them: (see عَصَبِىٌّ and عَصَبِيَّةٌ:) or] he invited, or summoned, others to the aid of his party, and to combine, or league, with them against those who acted towards them with hostility, whether they were wrongdoers or wronged. (TA.) And you say, تَعَصَّبُوا عَلَيْهِمْ They leagued, or collected themselves, together against them: and تَعَصَّبْنَا لَهُ, and مَعَهُ, We [leagued together for him, and with him, and] defended him. (TA.) [See also De Sacy's Chrest. Ar., see. ed., i. 445-6; where it is shown that التَّعَصُّبُ in religion means The being zealous, or a zealot: and see Har pp.423 and 573.] b4: And تعصّب بِالشَّىْءِ He was, or became, content with the thing; as also ↓ اعتصب.

بِهِ. (K.) 7 انعصب i. q. اِشْتَدَّ [app. meaning, as seems to be indicated by the context (both before and after) in the S, It was, or became, hard, firm, or strong]. (S, O, K.) 8 اعتصب بِالعِمَامَةِ [He attired himself, or surrounded his head, with the turban], and بِالتَّاجِ [with the crown]. (S, O.) And اعتصب التَّاجَ عَلَى

رَأْسِهِ He encircled his [own] head with the crown. (Az, TA.) b2: اعتصب النَّاقَةَ: see 1, in the middle of the first quarter. b3: اعتصبوا They became formed, or collected, into companies such as those whereof one is called عُصْبَة: (K:) or, into one of such companies. (M, L, TA.) [See also 12.] b4: اعتصب بِهِ: see 5, last sentence.12 اِعْصَوْصَبَ القَوْمُ The people, or party, collected themselves together: (TA:) or did so, and became companies such as are called عَصَائِب, (S, O, TA,) and became one of such companies: [see also 8; and see عُصْبَةٌ:] and in like manner, [did so, and] strove, or exerted themselves, in journeying, or pace. (TA.) And اعصوصبت الإِبِلُ The camels strove, or exerted themselves, in journeying, or pace; as also ↓ اعصبت: and collected themselves together; (K;) [and] so ↓ عَصَبَت and ↓ عَصِبَت: (Fr, S, O:) or collected themselves together so as to become one عِصَابَة, and strove, or exerted themselves, in journeying, or pace. (TA.) b2: اعصوصب is also said of a day, [app. in relation to heat,] meaning It was, or became, vehement, or severe: (S, O:) and of evil, meaning it was, or became, vehement, or severe, (K, TA,) and concentrated. (TA.) عَصْبٌ: see عِصَابَةٌ, in two places. b2: And see also عُصْبٌ. b3: Also A particular sort of the garments called بُرُود, (S, A, Mgh, O, K,) of the fabric of El-Yemen; (S, Mgh, O;) a بُرْد of which the yarn is dyed, and then woven; (Msb;) or of which the yarn is put together and bound, then dyed, and then woven; (A, Mgh, TA; *) not of the sort called بُرُودُ الرَّقْمِ: (TA:) it has no pl., (Nh, Msb, TA,) nor dual: (Msb:) you say بُرْدُ عَصْبٍ (Nh, Mgh, TA) and بُرُودُ عَصْبٍ (Nh, Mgh, Msb, TA) and يُرْدَا عَصْبٍ, (Msb,) and also يُرْدٌ عَصْبٌ and بُرُودٌ عَصْبٌ, (Nh, TA,) and ثَوْبٌ, عَصْبٌ, (Msb,) and أَرْدِيَةُ العَصْبِ; (A, TA;) and sometimes they say عَصْبٌ alone, the بُرْد being known by this name: (TA:) or garments of the kind called بُرُود, of the fabric of El-Yemen, the yarn of which is put together and bound, and then dyed, and woven, so that they become partycoloured, because what has been bound thereof remains white, the dye not having taken it; and such garments a woman in the period termed عِدَّة [q. v.] is allowed to wear, but not garments that are [wholly] dyed: or striped garments of the kind called بُرُود: and what is forbidden in that case is a garment that has been dyed after it has been woven; or what are forbidden are the عَصْب of El-Yemen, which are said to have been dyed with urine; so in the L &c.: (TA:) or, accord. to Sub, garments of the kind called بُرُود of the fabric of El-Yemen; so called because they are dyed with عَصْب, which grows only in El-Yemen; [he says that العَصْبُ is a certain dyed that does not grow but in El-Yemen; (Msb;)] but in this he opposes the generality of authorities; for they agree in stating that the garments in question are thus called from العَصْبُ, “the act of binding,” because the yarn is bound in order that the dye may not pervade the whole of the بُرْد. (MF, TA.) b4: Hence, (assumed tropical:) Clouds like such as are termed لَطْخ [q. v.]: (S, O:) or red clouds or mist (K, TA) seen in the western horizon (TA) in a time of drought, or sterility; as also ↓ عِصَابَةٌ, (K, TA,) pl. عَصَائِبُ. (TA.) A2: In a trad., mention occurs of a necklace made of عَصْب: ElKhattábee says, if it do not mean the garments of El-Yemen, I know not what it is; yet I see not how a necklace can be made of these: Aboo-Moosà thinks it may be عَصَب, meaning the tendons of joints, as they may have taken the tendons of certain clean animals, and cut them in pieces, and made them like beads, and, when dry, made neck laces of them; but he adds his having been told by some of the people of El-Yemen that عَصْبٌ is the name of A certain beast of the sea, or of the great river, called also فَرَسُ فِرْعَوْنَ [i. e. Pharaoh's horse, perhaps meaning the hippopotamus], of which [meaning of the teeth or bones of which] beads and other things, as the handles of knives &c., are made, and which is white. (L, TA.) A3: And Saliva that sticks and dries in the mouth: whence the saying, لَفَظَ فُلَانٌ عَصْبَهُ, meaning (assumed tropical:) Such a one died. (T and TA in art. لفظ.) A4: And A light, or an active, and sharp-headed, boy, or young man; (IAar, TA;) [and] so عَضْبٌ. (IAar, TA in art. عضب.) عُصْبٌ and ↓ عَصْبٌ and ↓ عَصَبٌ (K, TA) Certain trees that twine round other trees, having weak leaves; (TA;) the kind of tree called لَبْلَاب [dolichos lablab of Linn.]; (K;) said by Sh to be a kind of plant that twines round trees, i. q. لَبْلَابٌ: [coll. gen. ns.:] the ns. un. are عُصْبَةٌ and عَصْبَةٌ and عَصَبَةٌ: (TA:) accord. to Abu-lJarráh, (O, TA,) عَصْبَةٌ signifies a certain thing [app. meaning plant] that twines about a قَنَادَة [or tragacanth], (O, K, TA,) thus, correctly, in many copies of the K, but in some فَتَاة, and in some قَنَاة, both of which are wrong, though some assert the latter to be correct, (TA,) not to be pulled off from it but with an effort: (O, K, TA:) [see عِطْفَةٌ:] one says of a man strong in struggling for the mastery, قَتَادَةٌ لُوِيَتْ بِعُصْبَةٍ (assumed tropical:) [A tragacanth twined about by a lebláb; the strong man being app. likened to a tragacanth, and his antagonist to a lebláb]: (TA:) and in a trad. of Ez-Zubeyr Ibn-El-'Owwám, he is related to have said, عَلِقْتُهُمْ إِنِّى خُلِقْتُ عُصْبَهْ قَتَادَةً تَعَلَّقَتْ بِنُشْبَهْ (O, TA:) he puts عصبه for علقه, [evidently, I think, a mistranscription for عَلِقًا, (see نُشْبَةٌ, in its proper art., for a confirmation,)] the meaning being خلقت علقة لخصومى [in which for علقة I read عَلِقًا]; then he likens himself to a tragacanth in respect of his excessive tenaciousness; for بنشبه means “ by the help of a thing of great tenaciousness: ” [or نشبه may be here an inf. n., i. e. of نَشِبَ: the meaning of the verse may therefore be, I clung to them: verily I have been created a grasper, and a tragacanth that has clung by means of a strong holdfast, or that has clung with great tenaciousness:] (TA:) Sh explains عُصْبَة (O, TA) with damm on the authority of Ed-Deenawaree [i. e. AHn], and عَصْبَة with fet-h on the authority of AA, (O,) as meaning a certain plant that twines about a tree, and is called لَبْلَاب; and نُشْبَة as meaning a man who, when he sports with a thing (عَبِثَ بِشَىْءٍ [but probably the right reading is شَبِثَ بشىء or تَشَبَّثَ i. e. clings to a thing]), hardly, or never, quits it. (O, TA.) عَصَبٌ [The sinews, or tendons; though the following explanation seems rather to denote the ligaments;] the أَطْنَاب of the joints, (S, O, Msb, K, TA,) which connect and bind together the structure thereof, in man and in others, such as the ox-kind, and sheep or goats, and gazelles, and ostriches; so says AHn; (TA;) i. q. عَقَبٌ: (S and K &c. in art. عقب:) or such as are yellow of the اطناب (Mgh, Msb) of the joints; the عَقَب being the white: (Mgh:) [it is also used as meaning ligaments: (see an ex. of its n. un. in an explanation of الصَّدَفَتَانِ, voce صَدَفٌ:) and sometimes it means nerves: (see a usage of its pl. voce صَرْعٌ:) it is a coll. gen. n.:] the n. un. is with ة: (S, O, TA:) and the pl. is أَعْصَابٌ. (S, Mgh, O, Msb.) b2: And (assumed tropical:) The best (in a pl. sense) of a people or party. (K.) b3: See also عُصْبٌ.

عَصِبٌ Flesh, or flesh-meat, having many عَصَب [i. e. sinews, or tendons]. (TA.) عَصْبَةٌ n. un. of عَصْبٌ as syn. with عُصْبٌ [q. v.]. (TA.) عُصْبَةٌ n. un. of عُصْبٌ [q. v.]. (TA.) b2: and A party, or company, of men (Az, S, O, Msb) who league together to defend one another; (O; [See also عَصَبَةٌ;]) in number from ten to forty; (Az, S, O, Msb;) or, about ten: (IF, Msb:) or accord. to Akh, a company [of men]; as also ↓ عِصَابَةٌ; having no sing.: (O:) or ↓ the latter, (S, O, Msb,) or each, (K,) signifies a company, or an assemblage, of men, and of horses, (S, O, Msb, K,) or of horses with their riders, (TA,) and of birds, (S, O, Msb, K,) and of other things, (TA,) in number from ten to forty, (K, TA,) or the former from three to ten, or consisting of forty, or of seventy, but said to be originally applied to an unlimited number: its pl. is عُصَبٌ: (IAth, Msb, TA:) and the pl. of ↓ عِصَابَةٌ is عَصَائِبُ. (S, O, Msb, TA.) It is said in a trad. of 'Alee that the أَبْدَال are in Syria; and the نُجَبَآء, in Egypt; and the ↓ عَصَائِب, in El-'Irák; meaning, by the last, Companies assembled for wars: or a company of devotees, because coupled with the ابدال and the نجباء. (TA.) عِصْبَةٌ A mode, or manner, of binding, or winding round, one's head with a turban or the like. (L, TA.) عَصَبَةٌ n. un. of عَصَبٌ. (S, &c. [See the latter word in the paragraph headed by it and also voce عُصْبٌ.]) b2: Also A man's people, or party, who league together for his defence: (K, TA: [see also عُصْبَةٌ:]) thus accord. to the leading lexicologists. (TA.) b3: And The heirs of a man who has left neither parent nor offspring: and [particularly], with respect to the [portions of inheritances termed] فَرَائِض [pl. of فَرِيضَةٌ q. v.], all such as have not a فَرِيضَة named, and who receive if there remain anything after [the distribution of] the فَرَائِض: (K, TA:) thus accord. to those who treat of the فرائض, and accord. to the [other] lawyers: (TA:) or the relations by the side of the males: this is the meaning of what is said by the leading lexicologists: (Msb:) or, as is said by Az, a man's heirs consisting of male relations: (Msb, TA:) or his sons, and relations on the father's side: (S:) so called because they encompass him; the father being a طَرَف [i. e. an extremity in the right line], and so the son, and the paternal uncle being a جَانِب [i. e. a collateral relation], and so the brother: (Az, S, TA:) or a man's relations on the father's side; (Mgh, TA;) because they encompass him and he is strengthened by them: (TA:) afterwards it became applied to a single person as well as to a pl. number, and both a male and a female: (Mgh:) or the lawyers apply it to a single person when there is no other than he, because he stands in the place of the collective number in receiving the whole of the property; and in the language of the law it is applied to a female in certain cases relating to emancipation and inheritances, but not otherwise either in the proper language or in the language of the law: (Msb:) and ↓ عُصُوبَةٌ is used as its inf. n. [meaning the state of being persons, or a person, to whom the term عَصَبَةٌ is applied]: (Mgh:) it is said [by Az] in the T, “I have not heard any sing. of عَصَبَةٌ: accord. to analogy it should be عَاصِبٌ, like as طَالِبٌ is sing. of طَلَبَةٌ: ” (TA: [and the like is also said in the Mgh: in the Msb it is said that عَصَبَةٌ is pl. of عَاصِبٌ, like as كَفَرَةٌ is pl. of كَافِرٌ:]) the pl. is عَصَبَاتٌ. (Az, S, TA.) عَصَبِىٌّ One who aids his people, or party, against hostile conduct: or who is angry [or zealous] for the sake of his party, and defends them: [or one who invites others to the aid of his party, or to combine, or league, with them against those who act towards them with hostility, whether they be wrongdoers or wronged: or one who leagues with others: or one who defends others: or a partisan; a person of party-spirit; or one zealous in the cause of a party: (see 5, and see the paragraph next following this:)] occurring in a trad. (TA.) عَصَبِيَّةٌ [The quality of him who is termed عَصَبِىٌّ: i. e., of him who aids his people, or party, against hostile conduct: or of him who is angry, or zealous, for the sake of his party, and defends them: or of him who invites others to the aid of his party, and to combine, or league, with them against those who act towards them with hostility, whether they be wrongdoers or wronged: or of him who leagues with others: or of him who defends others: or partisanship; party-spirit; or zeal in the cause of a party: or (as expl. by De Sacy, Chrest. Ar., sec. ed., i. 411,) a strong attachment, which holds several persons closely united by the same interest or the same opinion: see 5, and see the paragraph next preceding this]. (S, K, TA.) عِصَابٌ A cord with which the thigh of a she-camel is bound in order that she may yield her milk copiously. (S.) b2: See also عِصَابَةٌ, in two places.

عَصُوبٌ A she-camel that will not yield her milk copiously unless her thigh, (S, O,) or thighs, (A, K,) be bound with a cord: (S, A, O, K:) or unless the lower parts of her nostrils be bound with a cord, and she be then urged to rise, and not loosed until she is milked. (Az, TA.) b2: And A woman having little flesh in her posteriors and thighs: or light in the hips, or haunches. (Kr, K.) عَصِيبٌ Lights [of an animal] bound round with guts, and then roasted, or broiled: (S, O, K:) pl. [of pauc.] أَعْصِبَةٌ (K) and [of mult.] عُصُبٌ. (S, O, K.) And Such as are twisted, of the guts of a sheep or goat. (TA.) And its pl. عُصُبٌ, Guts of a sheep or goat, folded, and put together, and then put into one of the winding guts of the belly. (L, TA.) A2: Also, and ↓ عَصَبْصَبٌ A vehement, or severe, day: (Fr, S, O, K:) or a vehemently-hot day: (Fr, K:) and the former is in like manner applied to a night (لَيْلَة), without ة: (TA:) and ↓ the latter signifies also a cold, and very cloudy, day, in which nothing is seen of the sky. (Abu-l- 'Alà, L, TA.) عِصَابَةٌ A thing with which another thing is bound, or wound round; as also ↓ عِصَابٌ (K, TA) and ↓ عَصْبٌ: (L, TA:) or a thing with which the head is bound, or wound round: (S, A, Mgh, O, TA;) and ↓ عِصَابٌ signifies a thing with which a thing other than the head is bound, or wound round; (A, TA;) anything, such as a piece of rag, or a fillet, or bandage, with which a broken limb, or a wound, is bound, is termed thus, i. e. عِصَابٌ: (L, TA:) and عِصَابَةٌ signifies also a turban; syn. عِمَامَةٌ: (A, Mgh, Msb, K, TA:) or this [in the TA by mistake written عمامة] signifies a small thing that serves as a covering for the head, [such as a kerchief or a fillet,] being wound round it; and what is larger is termed عِمَامَةٌ: ('Ináyeh of Esh-Shiháb, MF, TA:) or whatever is bound, or wound, round the head, whether it be a turban or a kerchief or a piece of rag: (TA, from an explanation of a trad.:) and ↓ عَصْبٌ [likewise] signifies a turban, and anything with which the head is bound, or wound round: (S, O:) the pl. of عِصَابَةٌ is عَصَائِبُ. (Mgh, TA.) El-Farezdak says, وَرَكْبٌ كَأَنَّ الرِّيحَ تَطْلُبُ مِنْهُمُ لَهَا سَلَبًا مِنْ جَذْبِهَا بِالعَصَائِبِ [And a company of riders in such a state that it seemed as though the wind desired to take for itself spoil from them, by its dragging away the turbans]: he means that the wind untwisted their turbans by its violence, as though it despoiled them thereof. (TA.) b2: And [hence] (assumed tropical:) A crown. (A, TA.) b3: See also عَصْبٌ, latter half. b4: and see عُصْبَةٌ, in four places. b5: And for the pl. applied to winds, see 1, former half.

عُصُوبَةٌ: see عَصَبَةٌ, near the end.

عَصَبْصَبٌ: see عَصِيبٌ, in two places.

عَصَّابٌ A vender, or spinner, of thread, or yarn; syn. غَزَّالٌ. (AA, S, O.) فُوهُ عَاصِبٌ His mouth is dry from the drying up of the saliva: and رَجُلٌ عَاصِبٌ A man in whose mouth the saliva has dried up. (TA.) مُعَصَّبُ, (S, O, TA,) accord. to the author of the K ↓ مُعَصِّبٌ, like مَحَدِّثٌ, in all its senses there explained, but accord. to others like مُعَظَّمٌ, (TA,) One having his waist bound round in consequence of hunger; (S, O;) one who binds round his body (يَتَعَصَّبُ) with pieces of a garment or of cloth, by reason of hunger; (K, TA;) one who, in consequence of leanness occasioned by hunger, binds round his belly with a stone [placed under the bandage: see مَعْصُوبٌ]: (TA:) or, accord. to A 'Obeyd, one whose property, or cattle, years of drought, or sterility, have eaten up: (S, O:) [or] it signifies also a poor man. (K, TA.) b2: And Turbaned; attired with a turban; (O, L, TA;) [as also ↓ مُعْتَصِبٌ.] b3: And [hence] (assumed tropical:) A chief; (K;) one made a chief. (Az, L, TA. [See 2.]) b4: And [hence] (assumed tropical:) Crowned: (O:) or a crowned king; as also ↓ مُعْتَصِبٌ: (A, TA:) because the crown encircles the head like a turban. (Az, TA.) مُعَصِّبٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

مَعْصُوبٌ [Twisted, or wound round: and folded, or folded tightly: and bound, or tied: see 1, first sentence. b2: And hence,] (assumed tropical:) Firm, or strong, in the compacture of the flesh. (S, O,) You say رَجُلٌ مَعْصُوبُ الخَلْقِ (assumed tropical:) [A man firm, or compact, in respect of make]; (S, A, O;) strongly, or firmly, knit, or compacted; not flabby in flesh. (TA.) And جَارِيَةٌ مَعْصُوبَةٌ, meaning حَسَنَةُ العَصْبِ i. e. مَجْدُولَةُ الخَلْقِ (assumed tropical:) [A girl, or young woman, goodly in respect of compacture; well compacted in respect of make]. (S, O.) b3: And (assumed tropical:) A slender, or an elegant, sword. (K.) b4: And (assumed tropical:) Hungry, having his belly bound round: (A:) or [simply] hungry; in the dial. of Hudheyl: (S, O:) or very hungry: (K:) or one whose bowels are almost dried up by hunger: an epithet said to be applied to a hungry man because he binds round his belly with a stone [within the bandage] on account of his hunger: it is said to have been the custom of any hungry man, among the Arabs, to bind his belly with a bandage, under which he sometimes put a stone. (TA.) b5: And (assumed tropical:) A letter (كِتَابٌ); thus called because bound round with a thread, or string: so in the saying, وَرَدَ عَلَىَّ مَعْصُوبٌ [A letter came to me]. (A, TA.) مُعْتَصِبٌ: see مُعَصَّبٌ, in two places.

رَجُلٌ يَعْصُوبٌ, A strong, or sturdy, man. (TA.)

ربع
رَبَعَ بالمَكانِ: أقَامَ به، رَبْعاً. ورَبَعْتُهم رَبْعاً: كانوا ثلاثة فَصِرْنا أرْبَعَةً. وربَعْتُ الجَيْشَ رَبْعاً ومِرْباعاً ورِبْعَةً: أخَذْتَ رُبْعُ الغَنيمَةِ منهم، وجَمْعَ الرِّبْعَةِ: الرِّبَعُ، ولم يأتِ على وَزْن المِرْباع في تَجْزئة الشيء غيرُ المِعْشار. والأرْباعُ: جَمْعُ الرُّبْعِ من الغَنيمة. واسْمُ مَوْضِعٍ.
والمِرْبَعُ: الذي يأخُذُ المِرْباعَ. ورُبِعَ وأُرْبعَ: حُمَّ رِبْعاً. وقد يُقال: رَبَعَتْ عليه الحُمّى وأرْبَعَتْ، وهي حُمّىً رِبْعٌ. وهُمُ اليَوْمَ رَبْعٌ: أي كَثُروا. وأكْثَرَ اللَّهُ رَبْعَك: أي أهْلَ بَيْتِك.
والجَميعُ: رُبُوعٌ. والرَّبْعُ: الدّارُ بِعَيْنها. وتُجْمَعُ على الرُّبُوْع أيضاً.
وحَمَلَ حَمَالةً كَسَرَ فيها رِبَاعَه: أي باعَ مَنَازِلَه.
والمَرْبَعُ: المَنْزِلُ في الرَّبيع خاصَّةً. وتَرَبَّعَ: أقَامَ رَبيعاً. والرَّبِيْعُ: النَّهْرُ الصَّغيرُ؛ وجَمْعَه: أرْبِعاء. والكَلَأُ أيضاً، ويُجْمَعُ حينئذٍ: أرْبَعَة. واسْتَرْبَعَ الغُبَارُ: سَطَعَ. وهو جَلْدٌ مُسْتَرْبعٌ: أي صَبُوْرٌ مُطِيْقٌ للشَّيْء قائمٌ به. وهو مُرْبعٌ: أي كَثيرُ النِّكاحِ. وإِنَّكَ لَتُرْبعُ عَلَيَّ: إِذا سَأَلَ ثمَّ ذَهَبَ ثمَّ عادَ. وارْتَبَعَ ارْتِباعاً ورِبْعَةً: سَمِنَ من الرَّبيع. وأرْبَعَ إبله: رَعَاها في الرَّبيع. وأوْرَدَها الماءَ رِبْعاً أيضاً. والرِّبْعُ: أن تَحْبِسَ الإبِلَ ثلاثة أيّامٍ ثم تُوْرِدَها الرابعَ. وإِذا أُرْسِلَتِ الإبلُ فَتَرِدُ الماءَ كلَّما شَاءتْ بلا وَقْتٍ فهو الإِرْبَاعُ أيضاً. يُقال: ترَكتها هَملاً مُرْبَعاً. وأرْبَعَ: وُلدَ له في شَبابِه. ووَلَدهُ رِبْعِيُّون.
وكانوا ثلاثةً فأرْبَعُوا: أي صارُوا أرْبَعَةً، هذا من غيرِ أنْ تقولَ: رَبَعْتُ. وناقَةٌ مُرْبعٌ: لها رُبَعٌ. وإذا لَحِقَتْ في أوَّلِ الرَّبيع أيضاً. وكذلك المِرْباعُ التي تُبَكِّرُ بالحَمْل. وجَمْعُ الرُّبَعِ - وهو ما نُتِجَ في الرَّبيع -: الرِّبَاعُ. ويُقال: ما له هُبَعٌ ولا رُبَعٌ. والمِرْبَاعُ: المكان الباكِرُ بالنَّبات. والمِرْبَعُ والمِرْباع: واحِدُ مَرَابِيْع النُّجُوم، وهي التي يرزُقُ الله المَطَرَ في وَقْت أنْوائها.
والرُّبُعُ: المَطَرُ لا يَهْبِط منه سَيْلٌ. وهو جَمْع الرَّبيع. وقد يُسَمَّى الوَسْمِيُّ رَبيعاً أيضاً.
وأرْبَعُوا: وَقَعُوا في الرَّبيع. وارْتَبَعُوا: أصابُوا رَبيعاً. ويَوْمٌ رَابعٌ: من الرَّبيع؛ كما يُقال يَوْمٌ صَائفٌ من الصَّيْف.
وعامَلْتُه مَرَابَعَةً: أي رَبيْعاً إلى رَبيع. وأرْبَعَني من دَيْنٍ عَلَيَّ: أي أنْعَشني، وكأنَّه من رُبِعَتِ الأرْضُ: أصَابَها الرَّبيعُ. ورَجُلٌ مَرْتَبِعٌ ومَرْبُوعٌ ورَبْعَةٌ: ليس بِطَوِيلٍ ولا قَصيرٍ. وكذلك رُمْحٌ مَرْبُوعٌ. والمِرْباعُ والمَرْبُوْعُ: الحَبْلُ على أرْبَع قُوى. والرَّبْعَةُ الجُوْنَة.
واليَرَابِيْعُ: لَحْمُ المَتْنِ؛ على التَّشْبِيه، كأنَّ بَضِيْعَه حين يَتَحَرَّكُ يَرَابِيْعُ تَنْزُو.
وأرْضٌ مَرْبَعَةٌ: كَثيرةُ اليَرابِيْع. وجاءَ وعَيْناه تَدْمَعان بأرْبَعَةٍ: أي يَسِيْلُ من نَواحيها.
ورَبَعَ الحمارَ: شَواه في الماء إذا أدْخَلَ قَوائمه الأرْبَعَ فيه. وهذا الصَّبِيُّ رابعُ بَطْن أُمِّه: أي رابعُ أَوْلادِها. والرَّبِيعَةُ: الصَّخْرَةُ تُشَالُ: وبها سُمِّيَتْ رَبِيعَة. وقد رَبَعْتُها وارْتَبَعْتُها: أشَلْتَها.
والرَّبِيْعَةُ: البَيْضَةُ من السِّلاح. ويُقال: أرْبَعْ على ظَلْعِكَ وعلى نَفْسِك وعليكَ - وكلُّها واحِد -: أي انْتَظِرْ.
ويَوْمُ الأرْبِعَاءِ والأرْبَعَاء - بفَتْحِ الباء - والإِربِعاءِ - بكَسْر الهَمْزة -، ويُجْمَعُ على الأرْبِعَاوات والأرَابِيْع. ويُقال: في جَمْعِ الأوَّل ورَبيع الآخِر: هذه الأرْبِعَةُ الأوائلُ والأرْبِعَةُ الأواخِر. وسُمِّيَ الرَّبَاعِيَتَانِ من الأسْنان لأنَّهما مع الثَّنِيَّتيْنِ أرْبَعَةٌ. وأَرْبَعَ الفَرَسُ: ألْقى رَبَاعِيَتَه. وهو رَبَاعٌ، والجَمْعُ: رُبْعٌ.
وارْتَبَعَتِ الناقَةُ وارْبَعَتْ: اسْتَغْلَقَ رَحِمُها فلم تَقْبلِ الماءَ. والرَّبَعَةُ: أقْصى غايةِ العَدْو، وقيل: عَدْوٌ ليس بِشَدِيدٍ فوق المَشْيِ فيه مَيَلانٌ. ومالَكَ تَرْتَبعُ: أي تَعْدُو.
ورَبَعُوا: رَفَعُوا في السَّيْر. والرَّبَعَةُ: حَيٌّ من بني أَسْدٍ.
وتَرَبَّعْتُه ورَبَعْتُه: حَمَلْتَه. ورابَعْتُه: أَخَذْتُ بيدِه وأَخَذَ بيَدي تحت الحِمْل ورفَعْناه على البَعير. والمِرْبَعُ والمِرْبَعَةُ: خَشَبَةٌ تُشَالُ بها الأحْمَالُ.
ورِبَاعَةُ الرَّجُلِ: قَوْمُه. وما فيهم أَحَدٌ يَضْبِطُ رِباعَتَهم: أي أَمْرَهُم. والنّاسُ على رَبِعَاتِهم ورِباعَتِهم: أي على استِقَامَتِهم. وتَرَكْنَاهم على سَكِنَاتِهم ورِبَاعَتِهم: أي على حالهم وكانت حَسَنَةً ولا يُقال في غير الحَسَنَة. وقيل: معناه حيثُ يَسْكُنون ويَرْتَبِعون.
وهو على رِبَاعَةِ قَوْمِهِ: أي هو سَيِّدُهم. والرَّبَاعَى: العِيَرَاتُ يَمْتَارُوْنَ عليها في أوَّل الرَّبِيْع. ويُقال: امْتَاروْا في المِيْرَةِ الرِّبْعِيَّةِ. والرِّبْعِيَّةُ: باكُوْرَةُ الأثْمار.
ورِبْعِيَّةُ المَجْدِ: قَدِيمُه. والرَّوْبَعُ والرَّوْبَعَةُ: دَاءٌ يَأْخُذُ الفِصَالَ في مَنَاكِبِها، وقيل: في أكْبادِها.
والرَّوْبَعُ: القَصِيرُ العُرْقُوْبِ من الفُصْلان، وقيل النّاقِصُ الخَلْقِ. وقَعَدَ الأرْبُعَاءَ والأرْبُعَاوى والأرْبُعَاواءَ: إذا تَرَبَّعَ في الجُلُوْس. ومَشَى الأرْبُعَاء: إذا أسْرَعَ؛ وكأنَّه من الرَّبَعَة. وبَيْتٌ أُرْبُعَاوى وأُرْبُعَاوَاءُ: إذا كانَ على أرْبَعَة أعْمِدَةٍ.

ربع: رَبّع. ربع الفرس: ركض بقوائمه الأربع (محيط المحيط).
رَبَّع (بالتشديد): صلَّب، جعل القماش على أربع ثنيات (بوشر).
رَبَّع رِجْلَيْه: ثناهما وهو جالس فصارتا أربعاً (مارتن ص67).
قعد مربعا: ثنى رجليه وهو جالس كما يقعد الخياط (بوشر).
رَبَّع، رَبَع: أخذ رُبْع ما يملكه الشعب المغلوب (ألكالا) وهذا ما فعله الموحدون حين استولوا على الأندلس. انظر كرتاس (ص122) نجد فيه أن كسبرس استسلم لهؤلاء الفاتحين فكافئوه بأن حُرِّرَت أموالهم فليس في أملاكهم رباعة وجميع بلاد الأندلس مربَّعة.
ورَبَّع. مشتقة من الربيع، يقال: رَبَّع الفرس أي علفه القصيل (مملوك 11: 16).
ورَبَّع الفرس: أكل عشب الربيع في أيامه (محيط المحيط).
وربَّع بالمكان: عامية رَبَع بالمكان (محيط المحيط).
رابع: في ألف ليلة (طبعة بولاق 1: 373) نجد: وعلم لأنه لا أوفق له من قعوده في البستان عند الخولي ويعمل عنده مرابعاً، فقال للخولي: هل تقبلني عندك مرابعاً. وقد ترجمها لين بما معناه: يكون مساعده لقاء ربع الحاصل. غير أنك إذا رجعت إلى معجم لين وجدت فيه: عمل عنده في فصل الربيع. غير أن من الصعب اختيار أحد التفسيرين.
ونجد في ألف ليلة (طبعة ماكن 1: 877): هل تقبلني عندك لأجل المرابع في هذا البستان. وكلمة مرابع هذه غير واضحة المعنى لدي.
رابع: أخضر، عدا الفرس سريعاً (بوشر جزائرية، هلو، دلابورت ص150).
رَبْع: حيٌّ في المدينة، حارة (فريتاج ولم يذكر شاهداً عليه)، وفي حيان (ص51 ق): رجل من البربر من بعض أرباع فرمونة. وفي كتاب عبد الواحد (ص208): وقد قسموا مدينة مراكش أرباعاً.
أصحاب أرْباع: هم في المشرق العسس، حرس الليل (المقري 1: 125).
رَبْع: حقل، مزرعة (ترجمة العقد الصقلي ليلو ص 9، 12، 18) وانظر أيضاً أبلا أبود بُرمانُّس (مجلد 8 ص74) فهو يقول: يوجد عدد من الرباع في مالطة (أناري مخطوطات)، وفيه (ص41): حصن يتصل به رُبْع (رَبْع) عامر. في (ص37، 42) منه: رباع طيبة المزارع. وفي كرتاس (ص33) غلاف الرباع والأرضين (ص170، 197) وفي المطبوع منه جمعه أرباع، غير أنه في مخطوطتنا رباع (ص208، ابن يطوطة 1: 235، الجريدة الآسيوية 1851، 1: 56) (ولم يفهم المترجم في ص 68 هذه العبارة) (جريجور ص34، 36) واقرأ فيه رباعه وفقاً لما جاء في المخطوطة.
ولابد من أن نشير إلى أنه في بعض هذه العبارات يمكن أن يترجم الجمع رباع وأرباع بالمنازل أو المساكن وذلك لأنها تدل على المعنى العام وهو البناء من عدة مساكن والعقار الذي يذكره فوك.
الربع الدِيوانيّ في صقلية (جريجور ص34)، والرباع الديوانية (ص36): أراضي الدولة، أملاك الدولة.
الربع المعمور: الأرض المسكونة (بوشر).
الرَبْع: القبيلة التي ينتسب إليها (زيشر 22: 119).
الرَبْع: السمين الممتلئ (بوشر).
رُبْع: مكيال للبن وهو ربع محلبة (ميهون ص28) رُبْع: في أوارجله مكيال للسمن وهو إناء من الخزف يسع ربع رطل (كاريت جغرافية ص 208).
رُبْع: ربع المصحف الشريف (القرآن) انظر هذا التقسيم في عواده (ص718).
رَبْع: قطعة مقدارها ربع الشاة. ويقال أيضاً: الرُبَع شاة ويتردد ذكره في رياض النفوس.
رُبْع: ضريبة على الصناعة، وهي ضريبة الرْبْع وتجبى من كل الحوانيت (الدكاكين) التي تؤجر للبيع بالمفرد كما تجبى من كل الأعمال الصناعية (بليسييه ص322 - 323).
رُبْع: قسم من القبيلة (سندوفال ص269، دوماس عادات ص16).
رُبْع: في أسطورة سخيفة في كردفان أن نساء الحسَّانية يخصصن ليلة من كل أربع ليال لعشاقهن أو للمسافرين وتسمى هذه الليلة الرُب~ع (دسكارياك ص294).
ربع الموجب: ربع دائرة المزاولة، وهي آلة غاية في البساطة تستعمل لمعرفة ساعات الزمن من ارتفاع الشمس (بربروجر من 260).
رَبْعَة، بدل ربعة مُصْحَف أو ربعة قرآن. أي عليه مزخرفة يحفظ فيها المصحف الشريف وتستعمل بمعنى نسخة من القرآن الكريم (ابن جبير من 298، ابن بطوطة 1: 245)، المقري 2: 641، وفي كتاب الخطيب، مخطوطة الاسكوريال، في ترجمة عبد الله بن بُلُقِين بن باديس: حسن الخط كانت بغرناطة ربعة مصحف بخطّه في نهاية الصفة والإتقان.
وتستعمل كلمة رَبْعَة وحدها أيضاً (ابن بطوطة 2641، 4: 400، كرتاس ص39).
ورَبْعَة: المصحف مجزءً ثلاثين جزءً (عوادة ص718).
رُبْعيّ: نوع من السفن البحرية، وكل سفينة منها تتبعها ثلاثة أخرى: النِصْفِيّ والثُّلْثِيّ والرُبَعيَ (ابن بطوطة 4: 92).
رَبْعيَّة: صاحبة ما يسمى بمصر رَبْعاً أي مساكن فوق الحوانيت (الدكاكين) والمخازن وهي تؤجر هذه المساكن (ألف ليلة برسل 11: 343، 344).
رُبْعَيَّة: زِرّ الذهب (نبات) (بوشر).
رَبِيع: يطلق على العشب عامة (فوك) وأحدته ربيعة والجمع ربائع (ألكالا، دومب ص39، 75). ويطلق أيضاً على الحشيش الجاف (ألكالا) وفيه كُدس من ربيع.
رَبيع: مزرعة فيها الشعير، وفيها النَفَل. وفيها نباتات أخرى وفيها العشر أيضاً ترعاها السائمة من الخيل (مملوك 1، 1: 16، زيشر 11: 477 رقم 3، بارت 1: 97).
في البيع: في القصيل، في المخضرة، في المرج (بوشر).
وهذه الكلمة ليست واضحة لدي في بيت ذكره المقري (1: 893).
ربيع الخُطاف: برق (ألكالا) ويجب أن تبدل به الباء بالفاء.
رَبَاعَة: جمعية، جماعة (شيرب).
رِبَاعَة: ربع من الأملاك العامة التي يستولي عليها المنتصر من أموال المغلوبين (انظر رُبَّع).
رَبِيعة: في المشرق الحماية التي يحصل عليها من البدوي (برتون 2: 113).
رَبِيعَة: نبات اسمه العلمي: Danthonia forskali ( دوماس حياة العرب ص382). رُبَيْعَة: مِزولة، ساعة شمسية (ألكالا).
رُباعِيّ: ما ركب من أربع وحدات (بوشر).
رُباعِيّ: مرادف دوبيت (انظر دوبيت وسمي به لأنه يتألف من أربعة أشطر) (الجريدة الآسيوية 1839، 2: 164، ألف ليلة 1: 70).
ورُباعيّ وجمعه رباعيات اسم لنقد صغير من الذهب يساوي ربع دينار، وهو يساوي نحو أربع فرنكات (ابن جبير معجم، أماري ستوريا 2: 457 - 458) وانظر العبدري (ص48 و) ففيه: فكان حساب الويبة قريباً من ثلاثة أرباع الدينار.
والرُباعي في مصر يساوي نصف دينار لأنا نجد في ألف ليلة (برسل 2: 155): وأخذت معي رباعي يجي نصف دينار.
والرباعي في أيامنا اسم قطعة من النقد غير أنها لا تساوي إلا خمسة وأربعين سنتيماً (مجلة الشرق والجزائر السلسلة الجديدة 12: 397).
رباعي: اسم مكيال للسوائل، وهو حسب ما يقول بليسييه (ص367: 64): رباعي تساوي مَطَر (انظر مَطَر).
رُباعي: سعة ونصف (ألكالا).
رباعي: أرق أنواع الحلوى المسماة بالقطائف، ففي ابن البيطار (2: 309): ابن جزلة: القطائف المحشوة أَجْوده الرباعي المختمر النضيج. ويذكر ابن جزلة طريقة عملها في مادة قطائف محشو.
رَبِيعيّ: نسبة إلى فصل الربيع (بوشر). رَبّاع: بستاني، جناني، حدائقي (درب ص103).
رابع. الرابع. البرج الرَابع في فلك البروج وهو برج السرطان (المقدمة 2: 187) مع تعليقة المترجم.
أرْبَع. الأربعة: اليدان والرجلان (ألف ليلة 1: 89).
أربعة وأربعين: حريش (ابن البيطار 2: 32، باين سميث 1554) وأنظره في مادة جنجباسة.
يوم الأربع: يوم الأربعاء (بوشر).
أَرْبعاء: والعامة تجمعه على أرابع (محيط المحيط).
أَرْبَعُون. جُمْعَة الأربعين أو الأربعين وحدها: أول جمعة تلي الأربعين يوماً بعد تشييع الجنازة (لين عادات 2: 342).
صَوْم الأربعين: الصوم الكبير (بوشر).
يوم الأربعين: اليوم الأربعون بعد الزواج (لين عادات 2: 305).
أَرْبَعِينيَّة: الأربعون يوماً وهي أشد الأيام برداً في الشتاء، وتكون في صبارَّة الشتاء، وهي مرادف الليالي السود (أنظرها في مادة لَيْل). يقول ابن البيطار (2: 34) في كلامه عن السقنقور في الفيوم: وأكثر ما يقع صيده عندهم فيما زعموا في أيام الشتاء في الأربعينية منها، وهو إذا اشتد عليه برد الماء خرج منه الخ.
أُرْبُوع، ويجمع على أَرَابِيع: أسبوع عمل ذو أربعة أيام (معجم المنصوري في مادة أرابيع وأسابيع).
تَرْبِعَة: قطعة حجر (كرتاس ص31) وفي مخطوطات أخرى (انظر الترجمة ص45) تَرْبِيعة.
تَرْبيع، ويجمع على تَرابِيع: صخرة مربعة سطحها مستو يمكن أن تكون دكَّة. ففي كوسج طرائف (ص143): فرأيت صخرة عظيمة مَلساء فيها تربيع بقدر ما يجلس عليه النفر كالدكَّة.
وتربيع: قطعة من الصخر فيما يظهر (كرتاس ص34).
وتربيع: صالة أو غرفة للاستقبال وهي عادة مربعة (ألكالا). تربيع: مجموعة من الحوانيت (الدكاكين) في موضع مستدير أو مربع أو أنها على خط واحد (دلابورت في الجريدة الآسيوية 1830، 1: 320، كرتاس ص26) وتستعمل كلمة تربيعة في نفس هذا المعنى (كرتاس ص41) حيث عليك أن تقرأ تربيعة القّزَّازين، وفقاً لما جاء في مخطوطتنا.
تربيع: مزولة، ساعة الشمس (ألكالا).
تربيع: هلال، ربع القمر أو مسيره (ابن العوام 1: 223).
تربيع: مسح الأراضي وتقييمها (بوشر).
ميزان التربيع: مقياس الاستواء، آلة يعرف بها إذا كان السطح مستوياً (ألكالا).
تربيعة: أنظرها في تَرْبِعَة وتَرْبيع.
مَرْبَع: روضة (بوشر).
مَرْبَع: قطعة نسيج (هوست ص269).
مِرْبَع: إزميل (فوك: مَرْبَع عامية مِرْبع).
مُرْبع. وتجمع على مَرابع، وهي الإبل التي لا ترد الماء إلا رِبُعاً، ويقال التي تأكل الربيع (ديوان الهذليين ص251).
مُرَبَّع، مربع القد: وسيط القامة (فوك)، وفي كتاب العقود في وصف أمة: مربعة القد. وكذلك في وصفه بغلة: مربعة الإقامة (تصحيف قامة).
ومُرَبَع: سمين ممتلئ (بوشر).
مُرَبَّع. حجر مربع: حجر منحوت مربع يستعمل قاعدة للأحجار الأخرى (ألكالا).
ومُرَبّع: صالة أو غرفة للاستقبال وتكون مُربَّعة عادة (ألكالا).
ومُرَبَّع فيما يظهر بمعنى تربيع وتربيعة وهي مجموعة من الحوانيت (الدكاكين) في موضع مستدير أو مربع، أو بالأحرى على خط واحد.
ففي رياض النفوس (ص22 ق): فلما صاروا جميعاً إلى مربع السماط الذي يؤخذ منه إلى السقطيين الخ.
ومُرَبَّع: إناء مربع عند أهل الشام (همبرت ص198).
ومُرَبَّع: لعبة الشطرنج الهندية المربَّعة وفيها (8 × 8 = 64 خانة) فإن درلند، تاريخ الشطرنج (1: 108).
الآلة المرَبَّعة: لعبة الشَطرنج الكبرى المربعة عند العرب وهي (10 × 10 = 100 خانة) (نفس المصدر السابق).
مُرَبَّع: قطعة شعر ذات أربعة أبيات، وذلك بأن تضيف إلى كل شطر من أبيات قصيدة قديمة ثلاثة أشطر جديدة وذلك لتوضيح الفكرة أو تغييرها وتبديلها (دي سلان المقدمة 3: 405 رقم 3).
مرجان مُرَبَّع: عينة كبيرة منه تتخذ حلية (براكس ص28).
مُرَبَّعَة: رُبْع حجر (كرتاس ص31).
ومُرَبَّعَة: صالة أو غرفة للاستقبال تكون عادة مربعة. ففي مخطوطة كوبنهاجن المجهولة الهوية (ص98): وكان يسكن - بدا من ديار القصر وكان جلوسه غدواً وعشياً في مربعة الدار للنهي والأمر.
مُرَبَّعَة: حيّ من أحياء المدينة (فيث، لبت، اللباب، تكملة ص84).
مُرَبَّعَة: براءة، مرسوم، شهادة (مملوك 1، 1: 161، 203) وسميت مربعة بسبب شكلها المربع، ولأنا نجد فيه (ص219): المراسيم المربَّعة.
مُرَبَّعَة: نوع من المناديل تغطي به النسوة رؤوسهن. ففي رياض النفوس (ص94 ق) في كلامه عن رجل كان بسيطاً في لباسه: وكان يجعل على رأسه مربَّعة زوجته وهي خرقة لطيفة.
مُرَبَّعَة: بوقال، قمقم، وعاء زجاجي لا عروة له تحفظ فيه الحبوب والسوائل وأصناف الأطعمة وسواها (بوشر).
مُرَبَّعة: لا أدري أي معنى تعنيه هذه الكلمة التي جاءت في عبارة نشرت في الجريدة الآسيوية (1852، 2: 213) في الكلام عن بني مرين اللذين غلبوا في المعركة إذ تقول: ورجعت بنو مرين مشات بالمربعات إلى المغرب. وقد ترجمها السيد شربونّو (نفس المصدر ص226) بما معناه: وتشتت بنو مرين على الخيل في اتجاه مراكش. غير أن بالمربعات لا يمكن أن تعنى ((على الخيل))، وكلمة مُشاة (وهذا هو صواب كتابة الكلمة تدل دلالة صريحة على الضد من ذلك أي أنهم كانوا يمشون راجلين فقد استولى العدو على خيلهم).
مِرْباع: رَبْع، موضع ينزل فيه زمن الربيع (المقدمة 3: 369).
مَرْبُوع، وتجمع على مرابيع: إزميل (فوك، دومب ص96، هلو).
مُتَّرَّبَع: رُبْع، موضع ينزل فيه زمن الربيع (كوسج، طرائف ص144).

ربع

1 رَبَعَهُمْ, aor. ـَ and رَبُعَ and رَبِعَ, (Msb, K,) inf. n. رَبْعٌ, (TA,) He took the fourth part of their property, or possessions. (Msb, K.) And (so in the K, but in the Msb “ or,”) رَبَعَهُمْ, (S, Sgh, Msb, K,) aor. ـَ (S, Sgh, Msb) and رَبُعَ and رَبِعَ, (Sgh, Msb,) not, as is implied in the K, رَبِعَ only, (TA,) [or rather, not رَبَعَ only,] inf. n. as above, and رباعة [most probably رباعَةٌ] also, (L,) He took the fourth part of their spoil: (S, Sgh, Msb, K:) i. e., of the spoil of an army: this was done in the Time of Ignorance, but El-Islám reduced it to a fifth part; (K;) as is declared in the Kur viii.

42. (TA.) It is said in a trad., أَلَمْ أَجْعَلْكَ تَرْبَعُ وَتَدْسَعُ, (S, * TA,) mentioned [and explained] in art. دسع, q. v.: the meaning [intended] is, Did I not make thee an obeyed chief? (TA.) b2: and رَبَعَهُمْ, (S, Sgh, Msb,) or رَبَعَ الثَّلَاثَةَ, (K,) aor. ـَ (S, Sgh, Msb, K) and رَبُعَ and رَبِعَ, (Sgh, Msb, K,) [inf. n., app., رَبْعٌ,] He became the fourth of them; (S, Sgh, Msb;) or, the fourth of the three: (TA:) or he made the three to be four by [adding to them] himself. (K.) And رَبَعَهُمْ also signifies He made them, by adding himself to them, forty: or, four and forty. (K, * TA.) And He made them (namely thirteen) to be fourteen. (T in art. ثلث.) b3: رَبَعَهُ, aor. ـَ (S, K,) inf. n. رَبعٌ, (S,) He twisted it (namely a bow-string, S, TA, and a rope, or cord, K, TA) of four twists, or strands. (S, K.) A2: رَبَعَت الإِبِلُ, (S, K,) aor. ـَ inf. n. رَبْعٌ, (TA,) i. q. ↓ وَرَدَتِ الرِّبْعَ; (S, K;) i. e., The camels, having been kept from the water three days [counting two portions of days as one of those days], or four days [counting two portions of days as two days (for the difference is only verbal)], and three [whole] nights, came to the water on the fourth day [counting the day of the next preceding watering as the first]. (K.) [See رِبْعٌ, below. Another meaning of this phrase will be found later in the present paragraph.] Hence, أَرْبَعَ المَرِيضَ: see 4. (TA.) b2: رَبَعَتْ عَلَيْهِ الحُمَّى, (S, Msb, K,) aor. ـَ inf. n. رَبْعٌ; (Msb;) and عَلَيْهِ ↓ أَرْبَعَتْ, (S, Msb, K,) and ↓ أَرْبَعَتْهُ, but not رَبَعَتْهُ; (IAar;) or the phrase used by the Arabs is عليه الحمّى ↓ أَرْبَعَتْ: (Az, TA:) The fever seized him on one day and left him two days and then came again on the fourth day [counting the day of the next preceding fit as the first], (S, Msb, K,) and so on. (Msb.) and رُبِعَ, and ↓ أْرْبِعَ, (S, K,) and ↓ أَرْبَعَ is said to be also used in the same sense, (TA,) He had, or was seized by, a quartan fever; a fever of the kind described above. (S, K, TA.) b3: رَبَعَ said of a horse, He came fourth in the race. (T, M, L, all in art. ثلث.) A3: رُبِعَ, said of a man, also signifies He was hit, or hurt, in the أَرْبَاع, meaning regions, of his head. (TA.) A4: رَبَعَ المَطَرُ الأَرْضَ [The rain watered the earth and made it to produce herbage: see رَبِيعٌ]. (TA.) And رُبِعَتِ الأَرْضُ The land was watered by the rain in the season called رَبِيع. (S.) And رُبِعُوا They were rained upon by the rain of the season called رَبِيع; (K, * TA;) similar to قِيظُوا and صِيفُوا: (TA in art. قيظ:) and in like manner, رُبِعَتِ الإِبِلُ The camels were rained upon by that rain: and مَرْبَعٌ may be an inf. n. thereof. (Ham p. 425.) b2: Hence, i. e. from رَبَعَ المَطَرُالأَرْضَ, the phrase, رَبَعَ الفَرَسُ عَلَى قَوَائِمِهِ (assumed tropical:) The horse sweated in his legs. (TA.) b3: And [hence also,] رَبَعَهُ اللّٰهُ (tropical:) God restored him from a state of poverty to wealth or competence or sufficiency; recovered him from his embarassment or difficulty, or from a state of perdition or destruction. (TA.) A5: رَبَعَ الرَّبِيعُ, aor. ـَ inf. n. رُبُوعٌ, The [season called] ربيع commenced. (TA.) b2: رَبَعَ بِالمَكَانِ, (K, TA,) aor. ـَ inf. n. رَبْعٌ, (TA,) in its primary acceptation, signifies He remained, abode, or dwelt, in the place in the [season called]

رَبِيع; (TA;) as also بِهِ ↓ ارتبع. (S, K.) b3: and hence, (TA,) (tropical:) He remained, abode, or dwell, in the place, (K, TA,) in any circumstances, and at any time; (TA;) he took it as his home. (K.) b4: Also He alighted and abode wherever he would, in the place, in abundance of herbage, and pasturage. (K, * TA.) b5: رَبَعَتِ الإِبِلُ, (K,) aor. ـَ inf. n. رَبْعٌ, (TA,) The camels fed by themselves in the pasturage, and ate as they pleased, and drank. (K.) [Another meaning of this phrase has been mentioned before.] b6: رَبَعَ فِى المَآءَ He (a man, TA) acted according to his own opinion or judgment, or did what he judged fit, with respect to the water. (K.) b7: رَبَعَ, (K,) aor. ـَ inf. n. رَبْعٌ, (TA,) said of a man, also signifies He had, or obtained, abundance of herbage (K, TA) [arising] from the [season, or rain, called] رَبِيع. (TA.) b8: Also, [app. from رَبَعَ بِالمَكَانِ in the second of the senses explained above, and if so, tropical, or doubly tropical,] aor. َ0, (assumed tropical:) He (a man, ISk, S) paused, (ISk, S, K,) and acted, or behaved, with deliberation or in a leisurely manner, (K,) and withheld himself. (ISk, S, K.) And [hence,] رَبَعَ عَلَيْهِ, (K,) inf. n. رَبْعٌ, (TA,) (assumed tropical:) He was affectionate, or pitiful, or compassionate, towards him: (K:) or he acted gently towards him. (TA.) And رَبَعَ عَنْهُ (K,) inf. n. رَبْعٌ, (TA,) (assumed tropical:) He restrained himself, refrained, abstained, or desisted, from it. (K.) The phrases اِرْبَعْ عَلَى نَفْسِكَ and اربع على ظَلْعِكَ (S, K) and اربع عَلَيْكَ (K) are from رَبَعَ in the sense of “ he paused,” &c., (S, K,) as explained by ISk, (S,) [or in one of the senses following that,] meaning (assumed tropical:) Deal thou gently with thyself; moderate thyself; restrain thyself: (S, TA:) or behave thou with deliberation, or in a leisurely manner: or the second of these phrases may mean continue thou notwithstanding thy slight lameness: or it may be from رَبَعَ الحَجَرَ, [q. v. infrà,] meaning take thou it, or reach it, notwithstanding thy slight lameness. (TA.) The phrase اِرْبَعِى بِنَفْسِكِ, or عَلَى نَفْسِكِ, in the trad. of Subey'ah El-Aslameeyeh, accord. to two different relations, admits of two interpretations: one is, (assumed tropical:) Pause thou, and wait for the completion of the عِدَّة [q. v.] of decease; and this is accord. to the persuasion of those who say that her عدّة is the more remote of the two periods, which is the persuasion of 'Alee and I'Ab: the second is, from رَبَعَ الرّجُلُ signifying “ the man had, or obtained, abundance of herbage,” and the meaning is, (assumed tropical:) relieve thou thyself, and release thyself from the straitness of the عدّة, and the evil of thy condition; and this is accord. to the persuasion of those who hold that her عدّة is the nearer of the two periods; and hence 'Omar said, “If she bring forth when her husband is on his bier, meaning, not buried, it is allowable for her to marry. ” (TA.) It is also said, in another trad., لَا يَرْبَعُ عَلَى ظَلْعِكَ مَنْ لَا يُحْزِنُهُ أَمْرُكَ, i. e. (assumed tropical:) He will not restrain himself, and be patient with thee, whom thy case does not grieve. (TA.) And it is said in a prov., حَدِّثِ امْرَأَةً حَدِيثَيْنِ فَإِنْ أَبَتْ فَارْبَعْ, i. e. (assumed tropical:) Speak thou to a woman twice; and if she refuse, abstain thou: or, accord. to one relation, it is ↓ فَأَرْبِعْ: and accord. to another, فَارْبَعْهُ, i. e., then add; for she is very weak in understanding; if she understand not, then make thou the two speeches to be four: Aboo-Sa'eed says, فَإِنْ لَمْ تَفْهَمْ بَعْدَ الأَرْبَعَةِ فَالْمِرْبَعَة, i. e., [and if she understand not after the four, then] the stick [is to be used; or, then use thou the stick]: the prov. applies to the hearing and answering in an evil manner. (TA.) You say also, رَبَعَتْ عَلَى عَقْلِ فُلَانٍ وَكَسَرَ فِيهَا رِبَاعَهُ, inf. n. رِبَاعَةٌ, (tropical:) [app. She behaved in a gentle and coaxing manner so as to get the better of the reason, or understanding, of such a one, and he sold his houses one after another to expend upon her;] i. e., he expended upon her all that he possessed, so that he sold his dwellings. (TA. [The و before كسر is not in the TA; but as it seems to have been dropped by inadvertence, I have supplied it.]) A6: رَبَعَ الفَصِيلُ The young camel widened his stepping, and ran; as also ↓ ارتبع. (TA.) A7: رَبَعَ الحَجَرَ, (S, K,) aor. ـَ inf. n. رَبْعٌ; (TA;) and ↓ ارتبعهُ; (S;) He raised, or lifted, the stone, (S, K, TA,) with the hand; (K, TA;) or carried it; (TA;) for trial of strength. (K.) It is said in a trad., مَرَّ بِقَوْمٍ يَرْبَعُونَ حَجَرًا, [He passed by a company of men raising, &c., a stone]; and ↓ يَرْتَبِعُونَ [signifies the same]; (S;) and ↓ يَتَرَبَّعُونَ. (Z, TA.) b2: رَبَعَ الحِمْلَ, (S, K,) aor. ـَ inf. n. رَبْعٌ (TA,) He put the [staff, or small staff, called] مِرْبَعَة beneath the load, and took hold of one end of the former, while another took hold of the other end, and then raised it, (S, K,) with the help of his companion, (K,) upon the camel, (S,) or upon the beast. (K,) [See also 3.]

A8: رَبِعَ بِعَيْشِهِ He (a man) approved his life; was satisfied, or content, with it. (TA.) 2 ربّعهُ, inf. n. تَرْبِيعٌ, He made it four. (EshSheybánee, K voce وَحَّدَهُ.) b2: He made it (a thing) مُرَبَّع; (S, K;) i. e. he made it to have four portions [or sides or faces or angles &c.]: or he made it of the form of a thing having four legs; or of the form of a quadruped. (TA.) b3: فُلَانٌ يُثَلِّثُ وَلَا يُرَبَبّعُ Such a one counts three Khaleefehs, [namely, Aboo-Bekr and 'Omar and 'Othmán,] and [does not count a fourth, i. e.,] rejects [' Alee,] the fourth. (TA in art. ثلث.) b4: رَبَّعَتْ She brought forth her fourth offspring. (TA in art. بكر.) b5: ربّع لِامْرَأَتِهِ, or عِنْدَهَا, He remained four nights with his wife: and in like manner the verb is used in relation to any saying or action. (TA voce سَبَّعَ.) b6: تَرْبِيعٌ also signifies [The watering of seed-produce on the fourth day, counting the day of the next preceding watering as the first;] the watering of seed-produce that is [next] after the تَثْلِيث. (TA.) [You say, ربّع الزَّرْعَ He watered the seed-produce on the fourth day, &c.]3 عَامَلَهُ مُرَابَعَةً, (Ks, S, K,) or اِسْتَأْجَرَهُ مُرَابَعَةً, and رِبَاعاً, (K,) [He bargained with him for work, or he hired him, or took him as a hireling, by, or for, the season called رِبَيع,] is from الرَّبِيع, (K,) like مُشَاهَرَةً (Ks, S, K) from الشَّهْرُ, (K,) and مُصَايَفَةً (Ks, S, TA) from الصَّيْفُ, &c. (TA.) A2: مُرَابَعَةٌ also signifies The taking hold of the hand of another person beneath a load, and so raising it upon the camel, without a [staff, or small staff, such as is called] مِرْبَعَة. (S, * K, * TA.) You say, رَابَعَهُ He took hold of his hand &c. (IAar.) [See also 1; last signification but one.]4 اربع القَوْمُ The party of men (three in number, Msb) became four: (S, Msb, K: [but in the last of these, mentioned after another signification with which it is connected by the conjunction أَوْ “ or ”]) or, became forty. (TA.) A2: أَرْبَعَتْ عَلَيْهِ الحُمَّى, and أَرْبَعَتْهُ, and أُرْبِعَ, and أَرْبَعَ: see رَبَعَتْ عليه الحمّى, [which is from رَبَعَتِ الأِبِلُ,] in three places; and رُبِعَ, in two places. b2: أَغِبُّوا فِى عِيَادَةِ المَرِيضِ وَأَرْبِعُوا, occurring in a trad., [Come ye every third day, and every fourth day, counting the day of the next preceding visit as the first, in visiting the sick; or, which is the same, leave ye him one day, and] leave ye him two days, and come to him on the third day, in visiting the sick; unless he be overcome [by his sickness]: (S, TA:) this is [in like manner] from the water-ing of camels termed رِبْعٌ. (TA.) You say also, أَرْبَعَ المَرِيضَ He omitted visiting the sick man two days, and came to him on the third; (O, K;) or, as in the L, and in [some of] the copies of the S, on the fourth [if counting the day of the next preceding visit as the first]. (TA.) b3: [Hence also,] اربع عَلَيْهِ السَّائِلُ The asker, or beggar, asked, or begged, then went away, and then returned. (Ibn-' Abbád, Sgh, K. *) b4: And اربع بِالْمَرْأَةِ He returned to the مُجَامَعَة of the woman without langour: (L:) or اربع alone, said of a man, multum coïvit. (Ibn-' Abbád, K.) b5: and اربع الوِرْدُ, (O, K,) i. e. أَرْبَعَتِ الإِبِلُ بِالْوِرْدِ, (TA,) The camels quickly returned to watering, (O, * K, * TA,) so that they came to water without any appointed time: (TA:) mentioned by A 'Obeyd as written with the pointed غ, which is a mistranscription. (L, TA.) b6: And اربع said of the water of a well, It [returned quickly so that it] became abundant, or copious. (K.) b7: Said of a man, it also signifies ↓ وَرَدَتْ إِبِلُهُ رِبْغًا; (S;) [meaning] He was, or became, one whose camels came in the state in which they are termed رَوَابِع [i. e. being watered on the fourth day, counting the day of the next preceding watering as the first: from رَبَعَتِ الإِبِلُ: whence, likewise, what next follows]. (TA.) b8: اربع الإِبِلَ He watered the camels in the manner termed رِبْعًا [i. e. on the fourth day, counting the day of the next preceding watering as the first]. (TA.) b9: This last phrase, also, (K,) or اربع الإِبِلَ عَلَى المَآءِ, (As,) signifies He sent and left the camels to go to the water whenever they pleased. (As, K. *) [Another signification of the verb thus applied will be found below.]

A3: اربع, (inf. n. إِرْبَاعٌ, S, Msb) He (a sheep or goat, a bull, a solid-hoofed beast, and a camel,) became what is termed رَبَاعٍ: i. e., he shed the tooth called رَبَاعِيَة: (S, Msb, K:) it is when they do this that the camel and the horse begin to be strong. (TA.) A4: اربع القَوْمُ The people, or company of men, entered the [season called] رَبِيع: (S, K:) or [app. a mistake for “ and ”] it has the first of the significations mentioned in this paragraph. (K.) b2: And (so in the S, but in the K “ or ”) The people, or company of men, remained in the place where they had alighted and taken up their abode in the [season called] رَبِيع, abstaining from seeking after herbage; (S, K, TA;) the rain having been general, they remained where they were, because of the general fertility, not needing to remove for seeking after herbage. (TA.) [See also رَبَعَ بِالمَكَانِ.] b3: And The people, or company of men, came to, or arrived at, land of seed-produce and fruitfulness, and water. (TA.) b4: اربع الغَيْثُ The rain caused the [herbage called] رَبِيع to grow: (TA:) or the rain confined the people in their رِبَاع [or dwellings] by reason of its abundance. (Msb.) b5: اربعت الأَرْضُ The earth, or land, produced herbage. (Msb in art. جمد.) b6: اربع said of a man, (tropical:) He had offspring born to him in the prime of his manhood: (S, TA:) this being likened to the [season called] رَبِيع (TA.) b7: اربع إِبِلَهُ بِمَكَانِ كَذَا He pastured his camels in the [season called] رَبِيع in such a place. (S.) b8: اربعت النَّاقَةُ The she-camel's womb was, or became, closed, (اِسْتَغْلَقَتْ رَحِمُهَا,) so that it did not admit the seminal fluid; (Lth, K;) [perhaps because this commonly takes place in the season called رَبِيع, meaning either the spring or the season called رَبِيعُ الكَلَأِ; the usual season of the coupling of camels being winter;] as also ↓ ارتبعت. (TA.) A5: اربع لَهَا بِا لكَلَامِ He made an abominable request to her; mentioned in the T in art. عذم; (TA;) meaning سَأَلَهَا الوَطْءَ فِى الدُّبُرِ. (TA in art. عذم.) A6: See also a prov. mentioned in the latter part of the first paragraph.5 تربّع فِى جُلُوسِهِ (S, K) [He crossed his legs in his sitting; i. e. he sat cross-legged; because a person who does so puts himself in such a posture as to occupy nearly a square space;] contr. of جَثَا and أَقْعَى. (K.) A2: تربّع said of a camel, (S, K,) and of a horse, (TA,) He ate the [herbage called] رَبِيع (S, K, TA,) and in consequence became brisk, lively, or sprightly, (TA,) and fat; (K, TA;) and ↓ ارتبع signifies the same: (S, K:) or تربّعوا and ↓ ارتبعوا signify they lighted on, or found, [herbage called] رَبِيع: or they lighted on it, or found it, and remained among it: and تربّعت الإِبِلُ بِمَكَانِ كَذَا The camels remained, or abode, in such a place. (TA.) You say also, تَرَبَّعْنَا فِى الحَزْنِ وَالصَّمَّانِ We pastured upon the herbs, or leguminous plants, during the winter, upon the rugged ground and the hard and stony ground by the side of sand. (TA.) b2: تربّعت النَّخِيلُ The palm-trees had their fruit cut off; (TA, and in some copies of the K;) [because this is done in the autumn, which is called الرّبِيع.]

A3: See also 1, near the end of the paragraph. b2: [Hence,] تربّعت النَّاقَةُ سَنَامًا طَوِيلًا The she-camel carried a tall hump. (K.) 6 ترابعوا حَجَرًا [They vied, one with another, in lifting a stone, for trial of strength: see رَبَعَ الحَجَرَ]. (TA in art. جذو.) 8 ارتبع He (a. camel) beat [the ground] with all his legs, in going along; (S;) and went quickly. (TA.) b2: See also 1, near the end of the paragraph.

A2: He (a man) was of middling stature, neither tall nor short. (S.) A3: See also رَبَعَ بِالمَكَانِ: b2: and see 5, in two places: b3: and 4, near the end of the paragraph: A4: see also رَبَعَ الحَجَرَ, in two places, near the end of 1.

A5: ارتبع أَمْرَ القَوْمِ He looked for, expected, or awaited, his being made commander, or lord, over the people, or party of men. (TA.) 10 استربعهُ He had power, or ability, for it, to do it, or to bear or endure it: (IAar:) from رَبَعَ الحَجَرَ. (Az.) b2: [Hence also,] استربع said of a camel, He was, or became, strong, لِلسَّيْرِ for journeying. (ISk, K.) b3: It (sand) became heaped up. (Az, K.) b4: It (dust) rose; or rose high. (Az, K.) رَبْعٌ A place where people remain, abide, or dwell, in the [season called] رَبِيع; (K, TA;) as also ↓ مَرْبَعٌ, (S, Msb, K,) and ↓ مُرْتَبَعٌ: (K, TA:) this is the primary signification: (TA:) and hence, (TA,) (tropical:) a place of alighting or abode, (Sh, S, Msb, K, TA,) of a people, or company of men; (Msb;) a settled place of abode; a place of constant residence; a dwelling; a home; whenever and wherever it be; as also ↓ مَرْبَعٌ, and ↓ مُرْتَبَعٌ: (TA:) and (assumed tropical:) a house, wherever it be: (S, Mgh, K:) [in Egypt, a range of distinct lodgings over shops or magazines, separate from the shops or magazines, but generally having one common entrance and staircase:] pl. [of mult.] رِبَاعٌ and رُبُوعٌ (S, Mgh, Msb, K) and [of pauc.] أَرْبَاعٌ and أَرْبُعٌ: (S, Msb, K:) and the pl. of ↓ مَرْبَعٌ is مَرَابِعُ. (S.) You say, مَا أَوْسَعَ رَبْعَ بَنِى فُلَانٍ (tropical:) How ample, or spacious, is the place of alighting, or abode, of the sons of such a one! (S, TA.) b2: Hence, also, (tropical:) The people of a place of alighting or abode; (Sh, Msb, TA;) the people of a house or tent: (Aboo-Málik, TA:) a company of men or people: (K:) a large number: (IB:) pl. as above: (Msb:) رُبُوعٌ signifies the people of places of alighting or abode: (Sh:) and also tribes. (TA.) You say, أَكَثَرَ اللّٰهُ رَبْعَكَ (tropical:) May God multiply the people of thy house or tent. (TA.) And هُمُ اليَوْمَ رَبْعٌ (tropical:) They now, or to-day, [are a large number; or] have become many, and have increased. (TA.) b3: [Hence, also,] (assumed tropical:) A bier; or a bier with a corpse upon it; syn. نَعْشٌ. (K, TA: [in the CK نَفْس.]) So in the saying, حَمَلْتُ رَبْعَهُ (assumed tropical:) [I bore, or carried, his bier, or his bier with his corpse upon it]. (TA.) b4: (assumed tropical:) The extremity of a mountain. (TA.) [App. because travellers often stop and rest there.]

A2: Also i. q. ↓ رَبْعَةٌ, (L, Msb, K,) which signifies, (S, L, &c.,) as also ↓ رَبَعَةٌ, and ↓ مَرْبُوعٌ, (L, Msb, K,) or الخَلْقِ ↓ مَرْبُوعُ, (S, Mgh, L,) and ↓ مُرْتَبِعٌ, (S, L, K,) and ↓ مُرْتَبَعٌ, (L, K,) and ↓ مِرْبَاعٌ, (K, but this last [says SM] I have not seen in the lexicons, except applied by the author of the “ Mo-heet ” as an epithet to a rope, TA,) applied to a man, (S, L, &c.,) Of middling stature; (Msb;) neither tall nor short; (S, L;) between tall and short: (K:) and so, applied to a woman, ↓ رَبْعَةٌ (S, Mgh, L, Msb, K) and ↓ رَبَعَةٌ, (L, Msb,) though originally applied to a man, like خَمْسَةٌ &c.: (L:) the pl. of رَبْعٌ is رَبْعُونَ: (Fr:) and that of ↓ رَبْعَةٌ is رَبَعَاتٌ, applied to men and to women, (S, Mgh, L, K,) and رَبْعَاتٌ also; (IAar, Fr, L, K) the former of these two pls. being anomalous, because a word of the measure فَعْلَةٌ has not its medial radical movent when it is an epithet, but only when it is a subst. and has not و or ي for that radical; (S, O, K;) or the medial radical is movent in this instance because رَبْعَةٌ is originally a fem. subst. applied to a male and a female, and used as an epithet; (L;) or because it resembles a subst. in its being applied alike to a man and a woman. (Az.) رُبْعٌ (S, Mgh, Msb, K) and ↓ رُبُعٌ, (S, Msb, K,) the former a contraction of the latter, (Msb,) [which is the more chaste, but the former is the more common,] A fourth part; (S, Msb, K;) one of four parts; (Mgh;;) as also ↓ رَبِيعٌ, (Msb, K,) like عَشِيرٌ; (TA;) and ↓ مِرْبَاعٌ, like مِعْشَارٌ: (Ktr, and S:) or the last signifies, (Msb, K,) or signifies also, (S,) the fourth part of the spoil, which the chief used to take (S, Msb, K) in the Time of Ignorance: (K:) the pl. of رُبْعٌ and ↓ رُبُعٌ is أَرْبَاعٌ [a pl. of pauc.] (Msb, TA) and رُبُوعٌ [a pl. of mult]: (TA:) and that of ↓ رَبِيعٌ is رُبُعٌ (K.) b2: الرُّبْعُ الهَاشِمِىُّ The same as the صَاع; because the قَفِيز is twelve times what is termed مَنّ: but الرُّبْعُ الحَجَّاجِىُّ is the same as the مُدّ, which is a quarter of what is termed الصَّاعُ الحَجَّاجِىُّ. (Mgh.) [In Egypt, the رُبْع is the fourth part of a وُيْبَة, q. v.] b3: أَرْبَاعُ الرَّأْسِ The [four] regions of the head. (TA.) رِبْعٌ The ظِمْء [or interval between two water-ings, or keeping from water during that interval,] which is meant in the phrase رَبَعَتِ الإِبِلُ [q. v.]; (S;) a certain ظِمْء of camels, respecting which authors differ: (TA:) it is when camels are kept from the water three days [counting two portions of days as one of those days], or four days [counting two portions of days as two days (for the difference is only verbal)], and three [whole] nights, and come to the water on the fourth day [counting the day of the next preceding watering as the first]; (K;) or [in other words] their coming to the water one day, and leaving it two days, and then coming to it on the fourth day; or a period of three [whole] nights and four days [of which the first and last are incomplete]; as is indicated in the K: or, as some say, [but this at variance with common usage,] their being kept from the water four [nights (for the n. of number is here fem.)], and then coming to it on the fifth [day (for the n. of number is here masc.)]. (TA.) You say, وَرَدَتِ الإِبِلُ الرِّبْعَ: see رَبَعَتِ الإِبِلُ. (S, K.) And وَرَدَتْ إِبِلُهُ رِبْعًا: see 4. (S.) And أَوْرَدَ الإِبِلَ رِبْعًا i. q. أَرْبَعَ الإِبِلَ [q. v.]. (TA.) b2: [Also, for سَيْرُ رِبْعٍ, A journey in which the camels are watered only on the first and fourth days.] b3: [In like manner,] with respect to fever, it signifies The seizing on one day and leaving two days and then coming again on the fourth day [counting the day of the next preceding fit as the first]. (S, K.) [The fever is termed] حُمَّى الرِّبْعِ [The quartan fever;] the fever that occurs on one day and intermits two days and then comes again on the fourth, and so on. (Msb.) And you say, جَآءَتْهُ الحُمَّى رِبْعًا, i. q. رَبَعَتْ عَلَيْهِ الحُمَّى [q. v.]. (K.) b4: Also The fourth young one, or offspring. (A in art. ثلث.) رُبَعَ: see رُبَاعُ.

A2: رُبَعٌ A young camel brought forth in the [season called] رَبِيع [here meaning autumn], which is the beginning of the breedingtime: (S, Msb, K:) so called because he widens his stepping, and runs: [see 1, near the end of the paragraph:] (TA:) fem. with ة: pl. masc.

رِبَاعٌ [a pl. of mult.] and أَرْبَاعٌ [a pl. of pauc.]; (S, Msb, K;) both irreg.; for accord. to the rule given by Sb, the pl. should be رِبْعَانٌ [like صرْدَانٌ pl. of صَرَدٌ]: (TA:) pl. fem. رُبَعَاتٌ (S, Msb, K, TA [in the CK, erroneously, رَبْعاتٌ]) and رِبَاعٌ. (K.) Hence the saying, مَا لَهُ هُبَعٌ وَلَا رُبَعٌ He has not a young camel brought forth in the end of the breeding-time nor one brought forth in the beginning thereof. (S, TA.) [See another ex. voce بُلَعٌ.] b2: [Hence, also,] الرُّبَعِ (assumed tropical:) A very small star in the midst of the عَوَائِذ, which are in the head of التِّنِّين [or Draco]. (Kzw.) رُبُعٌ: see رُبْعٌ, in two places.

رَبْعَةٌ: see رَبْعٌ, last signification, in three places.

A2: [A small round basket, covered with leather, in which perfumes are kept by him who sells them;] the جُونَة of the عَطَّار; (S, Mgh, K;) which is a سُلَيْلَة covered with leather: (Mgh:) or a four-sided vessel, like the جُونَة: said by El-Isbahánee to be so called because originally having four طَاقَات [app. meaning compartments, one above another, for different kinds of perfume]; or because having four legs. (TA.) b2: Hence, app., A chest in which the volumes of a copy of the Kur-án are kept; (Sgh, K;) called رَبْعَةُ المُصْحَفِ: (Mgh:) but thus applied, it is post-classical, (Sgh, K,) belonging to the conventional language of the people of Baghdád. (Sgh.) b3: Its application to A household utensil proper for women requires consideration. (Mgh.) رِبعَةٌ The beasts' collecting of themselves together in the [season called] رَبِيع: [whence] a a country, or region, is said to be طَيِّبُ الرِّبْعَةِ [good for the beasts' collecting of themselves together &c.]. (TA.) b2: [Hence, app.,] تَرَكْنَاهُمْ عَلَى رِبْعَتِهِمْ We left them in their former, or first, or original, and right, or good, state, or condition. (TA.) ↓ رَبَاعَةٌ, also, and ↓ رِبَاعَةٌ, signify An affair, a business, or a concern, in which one continues occupied; or a case, a state, or a condition, in which one abides, or continues; (K, TA;) meaning a former, or first, affair, &c.; (TA;) and only relating to a good state or condition: (Yaakoob, K:) or one's way, course, mode, or manner, of acting, or conduct, or the like: (K:) or one's right, or good, state, or condition, (K, TA,) in which he has been before: (TA:) or his [tribe such as is termed] قَبِيلَة: or [the portion thereof which is termed] his فَخِذَ: (K:) or ↓ هُمْ عَلَى رِبَاعَتِهِمْ, (S, K,) and ↓ رَبَاعَتِهِمْ, and ↓ رَبَاعِهِمْ, and ↓ رَبَعَاتِهِمْ, and ↓ رَبِعَاتِهِمْ, and ↓ رِبَعَتِهِمْ, (K,) means They are in their right, or good, state, or condition: (K, TA:) or they are occupied in their affair, or business, or concern, in which they were occupied before; or they are in their case, or state, or condition, in which they were before: (S, K:) or ↓ على رَبَعَاتِهِمْ, (S, K,) and ↓ رَبِعَاتِهِمْ, (Fr, S, K,) signifies in their right, or good, state, or condition, and in their former, or first, case; or in their right, or good, state, or condition, and occupied in their former, or first, affair, or business, or concern: (S:) or it means in their places of abode. (Th, K.) Yousay also, غَيْرُ ↓ مَافِى بَنِى فُلَانٍ مَنْ يَضْبِطُ رِبَاعَتَهُ فُلَانٍ i. e. [There is not among the sons of such a one he who manages thoroughly, or soundly,] his case, or affair, or business, or concern, in which he is occupied [except such a one]. (S.) And [hence,] قَوْمِهِ ↓ هُوَ عَلَى رِبَاعَةِ and هُوَ ذُو رِبَاعَةِ قَوْمِهِ He is the chief of his people. (Ham p. 313.

[See also رِبَاعَةٌ below.]) رَبَعَةٌ A quick pace of a camel, in which he goes along beating the ground with his legs: (TA:) or the most vehement running: (K:) or the most vehement running of camels: (S and K:) or a kind of running of camels which is not vehement. (K.) A2: See also رَبْعٌ, last signification, in two places. b2: See also its pl., رَبَعَات, voce رِبْعَةٌ, in two places.

رَبِعَةٌ: see its pl., رَبِعَات, voce رِبْعَةٌ, in two places.

رِبَعَةٌ: see رِبْعَةٌ.

رِبْعِىٌّ Of, or relating to, the رَبِيع; (S, Msb, K;) i. e., the season so called; [and the rain, and the herbage, so called;] a rel. n. irregularly formed. (Msb.) b2: Born in the [season called]

رَبِيع; applied to a young camel: born in the beginning of the breeding-time; [which means the same;] so applied. (TA.) b3: And hence, (TA,) (tropical:) A son born in the prime [or spring-time] of his father's manhood; (S, * TA;) because the ربيع is the beginning, and the most approved part, of the breeding-time: (TA:) pl. رِبْعِيُّونَ. (S, TA.) Saad Ibn-Málik says, (TA,) إِنَّ بَنِىَّ صِبْيَةٌ صَيْفِيُّونْ أَفْلَحَ مَنْ كَانَ لَهُ رِبْعِيُّونْ [Verily my sons are boys born in the summer of my age: happy is he who has sons born in the spring-time of his manhood.] (S, TA.) b4: A palm-tree (سِبْطٌ, i. e. نَخْلَةٌ,) of which the fruit ripens in the end of the summer, or hot season; AHn says, because then is the time of the [rain called] وَسْمِىّ. (TA.) b5: The Arabs say, صَرَفَانَةٌ رِبْعِيَّهْ تُصْرَمُ بِالصَّيْفِ وَتُؤْكَلُ بِالشَّتِيَّةْ [A hard kind of date that would ripen in the season called رَبِيع (meaning autumn) that is cut in the summer and eaten in the winter-season]. (TA.) b6: نَاقَةٌ رِبْعِيَّةٌ A she-camel that brings forth [in the season called رَبِيع,] before others. (TA.) b7: رِبْعِيَّةٌ [used as a subst., or as an epithet in which the quality of a subst. is predominant, for مِيرَةٌ رِبْعِيَّةٌ,] signifies The مِيرَة [or corn brought for provision, or the bringing thereof,] in the beginning of winter: (S, K:) or the مِيرَة of the [season called] رَبِيع; which is the first ميرة; next after. which is the صَيْفِيَّة; and next after this, the دَفَئِيَّة; and next after this, the رَمَضِيَّة. (TA.) [See art. مير.] b8: Also, the same, [used in like manner, for عِيرٌ رِبْعِيَّةٌ,] Camels that bring provision of corn in the [season called] رَبِيع; or, which means the same, in the beginning of the year: pl. رَبَاعِىُّ. (TA.) b9: And [used in the same manner, for غَزْوَةٌ رِبْعِيَّةٌ,] A warring, or warring and plundering, expedition in the [season called] رَبِيع. (TA.) b10: رِبْعِىٌّ also signifies (tropical:) The first, or beginning, or former part, of anything; for instance, of youthfulness, or the prime of manhood; and of glory: and رِبْعِيَّةٌ likewise, the beginning of breeding, and of summer. (TA.) b11: رِبْعِىُّ الطِّعَانِ (assumed tropical:) The sharpest kind of thrusting, or piercing. (Th, TA.) رِبْعِيَّةٌ fem. of رِبْعِىٌّ: [and also used as a subst., or as an epithet in which the quality of a subst. predominates: see the latter word, in several places.]

رَبَاعٌ: see an ex. in the phrase هُمْ عَلَى رَبَاعِهِمْ, voce رِبْعَةٌ.

A2: رَبَاعٍ, (S, Msb, K,) like ثَمَانٍ (S, K) and يَمَانٍ [in the CK ثَمَانٌ and ثَمَانٍ] and شَنَاحٍ and [pls. like] جَوَارٍ, which are the only words of this form, (K,) and رَبَاعٌ, (Kr, K,) accus. of the former رَبَاعِيًا, (S, Msb, K,) and fem. رَبَاعِيَةٌ, (S, K,) Shedding its tooth called the رَبَاعِيَة, q. v.; applied to the sheep or goat in the fourth year, and to the bull and cow and the solid-hoofed animal in the fifth year, and to the camel in the seventh year: (S, Msb, K:) [see 4:] pl. [of pauc.] أَرْبَاعٌ (Az, K) and [of mult.] رُبُعٌ (Az, S, Msb, K) and رُبْعٌ, (Th, Az, K,) but the former is the more common, (Az,) and رُبَعٌ (IAar, K) and رِبْعَانٌ (S, Msb, K) and رِبَاعٌ and رَبَاعِيَاتٌ. (K.) You say, رَكِبْتُ بِرْذَوْنًا رَبَاعِيًا [I rode a hackney shedding his رَبَاعِيَة, or in his fifth year]. (S, Msb, K.) b2: Hence, حَرْبٌ رَبَاعِيَةٌ (assumed tropical:) Vehement and youthful war. (TA.) رُبَاعُ [Four and four: four and four together: or four at a time and four at a time:] is a deviation from the original form, (S, K,) or أَرْبَعَةٌ أَرْبَعَةٌ; for which reason, [and, accord. to general opinion, because it is at the same time an epithet, (see ثُلَاثُ,)] it is imperfectly decl.: (K:) but the dim. is ↓ رُبَيِّعٌ, perfectly decl. (S voce ثُلَاثُ, q. v.) [See exs. voce ثُلَاثُ.] In the Kur iv. 3, El-Aamash read ↓ وَرُبَعَ instead of وَرُبَاعَ. (IJ, K.) رَبُوعٌ A she-camel that yields four أَقْدَاح [pl. of قَدَحٌ] of milk. (IAar.) A2: See also الأَرْبِعَآءُ.

رَبِيعٌ: see رُبْعٌ, in two places.

A2: It has also a twofold application; to months and to seasons: and it has a twofold application to months; denoting Two months, (S, Msb, K,) [next] after صَفَرٌ; (S, K;) and they say, (Msb,) one should only say, in speaking of them, شَهْرُ رَبِيعٍ الأَوَّلُ and شَهْرُ رَبِيعٍ الآخِرٌ; (S, Msb, K;) [but in the margin of the copy of the S which I have here followed, I find it stated that in the handwriting of the author the former is شهر ربيعِ الاول (with a single kesreh, and with no syll. sign to الاول); and in another copy of the S I find شهرُ ربيع الاولِ and شَهرُ رَبيع الآخِر;] with the addition of شهر: but it is allowable to say also شَهْرُ رَبِيعِ الأَوَّلِ and شَهْرُ رَبِيعِ الآخِرِ: the word شهر is necessarily added in order to discriminate between the months thus called and the season called ربيع: Az says, the Arabs mention all the months without the word شهر except the two months of ربيع and the month of رَمَضَان: and they say also شَهْرَا رَبِيعٍ and أَشْهُرُ رَبِيعٍ and شُهُورُ رَبِيعٍ: (Msb:) these months were thus called because, when they received this name, they occurred in the season when the earth produced herbage. (Msb in art. جمد.) It has a twofold application also to seasons; الرَّبِيعُ الأَوَّلُ being The season in which the truffles and the blossoms come, (S, Msb, K,) and this is [also called] رَبِيعُ الكَلَأِ [the rabeea of the herbage, properly called the spring of Arabia]; (S;) and الرَّبِيعُ الثَّانِى The season in which fruits ripen; (S, Msb, K;) [also called رَبِيعُ الثِّمَارِ;] but some people call this الرَّبِيعُ الأَوَّلُ; (S, TA;) and the season which follows the winter, and in which the truffles and the blossoms come, they call الرَّبِيعُ الثَّانِى; but all of them agree that the خَرِيف [or autumn] is called الرَّبِيعُ: AHn says, the two divisions of the winter [by which he means the half-year commencing at the autumnal equinox] are called رَبِيعَانِ; the former being رَبِيعُ المَآءِ وَالأَمْطَار ِ [the rabeea of the water and the rains, in which the rain called الوَسْمِىّ, which is termed the first of the rains, commences]; and the second being رَبِيعُ النَّبَاتِ [or رَبِيعُ الكَلَأِ the rabeea of the herbage], because the herbage therein attains to its last stage: and he adds, that رَبِيعٌ is applied by the Arabs to the whole winter, [meaning, again, the half-year commencing at the autumnal equinox,] because of the moisture, or rain: (TA:) or the year consists of six seasons; (so in the K; but in the S, “and I heard Abu-l-Ghowth say, the Arabs make the year to be six seasons; ”) two months thereof are called الرَّبِيعُ الأَوَّلُ; and two months, صَيْفٌ; and two months, قَيْظٌ; (S, K;) and two months, ربيع الثانى, (so in a copy of the S,) or رَبِيعٌ الثّانى, (so in another copy of the S, [but in the margin of this latter, I find it stated that in the handwriting of the author it is ربيعُ الثانى, without tenween,]) or الرَّبِيعُ الثَّانِى; (K;) and two months, خَرِيفٌ; and two months, شِتَآءٌ. (S, K.) Az relates, with respect to the seasons and divisions of the year, on the authority of Aboo-Yahyà Ibn-Kibáseh, who possessed very great knowledge thereof, that the year consists of four seasons; namely, الرَّبِيعُ الأَوَّلُ, which the vulgar call الخَرِيفُ [The autumn]; then الشِّتَآءُ [the winter]; then الصَّيْفُ, which is الرَّبِيعُ الآخِرُ [or الثَّانِى, i. e. the spring]; then القَيْظُ [the summer, or hot season]: all this is what the Arabs in the desert say: the ربيع which is with the Persians the خريف, he says, commences on the third of أَيْلُول [September O. S.]; and the شِتَآء, on the third of كَانُون الأَوَّل [December O. S.]; and the صيف which is with the Persians the ربيع. on the fifth of آذَار [March O. S.]; and the قيظ which is with the Persians the صيف, on the fourth of حَزِيرَان [June O. S.]: and Aboo-Yahyà adds, the ربيع of the people of El-' Irák agrees with the ربيع of the Persians, which is after the شتاء [or winter], and which is the season of the flowers, or roses, and is the most temperate of the seasons: the people of El-' Irák, he says, have rain in all the winter, and have abundance of herbage in the خريف, which the Arabs call الربيع الاوّل: and Az says, the quarter of the خريف is called خريف because the fruits are gathered therein; and the Arabs call it ربيع because the first rain [which is called الوَسْمِىّ] falls therein. (TA.) The pl. of ربيع is أَرْبِعَةٌ [a pl. of pauc.] and أَرْبِعَآءُ [a pl. of mult.] (S, Msb, K) and رِبَاعٌ; (AHn, K;) or the first of these is pl. of ربيع الكلأ (Fr, Yaakoob, S, Msb, K) and of the ربيع of the months; (Fr, Msb;) but the second is pl. of ربيع in the sense of جَدْوَلٌ, to be explained below. (Fr, Yaakoob, S, Msb, K.) Hence the phrase in a supplication, mentioned in a trad., اَللّٰهُمَّ اجْعَلِ القُرْآنَ رَبِيعَ قَلْبِى [O God, make Thou the Kur-án to be the life, or ease, of my heart]; because the heart of man becomes lively, or at ease, in the season called رَبِيع. (TA.) Hence also, (TA,) أَبُو الرَّبِيعِ The هُدْهُد [or hoopoe]; (K;) because it appears with the [season called] ربيع. (TA.) [See also, respecting the seasons &c., the word زَمَنٌ.] b2: Also The rain in the [season called] رَبيع [as meaning the half-year commencing at the autumnal equinox, (which includes what is really the spring of Arabia, called “ the rabeea of the herbage,”) accord. to a statement of AHn cited above, and accord. to what is stated on the authority of Az voce نَوْءٌ]: (S, K:) or [only, accord. to some,] the rain which is after the وَسْمِىّ, and after which is [that called] the صَيْف, and then the حَمِيم: or, accord. to AHn, rain whenever it comes: Az says, I have heard the Arabs call thus the first rain falling upon the earth in the days of the خَرِيف [or autumn]: (TA:) the pl. [of pauc.] is أَرْبِعَةٌ and [of mult.] رِبَاعٌ. (AHn, TA.) [See also, respecting the rains, the word زَمَنٌ.] b3: Also Herbage; green herbage which the beasts eat; (TA;) [properly] the herbage that is produced by the first rain in the quarter which is called the رَبِيع, and which is commonly called the خَرِيف [or autumn], (Msb in art. زمن,) [continuing its growth during the winter-quarter, which is also called the رَبِيع, and which includes, as stated above, what is really the spring of Arabia, called “ the rabeea of the herbage,” wherein, as AHn says, the herbage attains to its last stage: it seems generally to mean the spring-herbage, which is earlier or later in different latitudes:] pl. أَرِْبعَةٌ. (TA.) [Hence,] a poet says, يَدَاكَ يَدٌ رَبِيعُ النَّاسِ فِيهَا وَفِى الأُخْرَى الشُّهُورُ مِنَ الحَرَامِ meaning (assumed tropical:) [Thy two hands are such that] one hand has in it the means of the plentiful subsistence of mankind, [and in the other are the sacred months, i. e.] in the other is [that which causes] security, and safeguard, and the preservation of what is to be regarded as sacred and inviolable. (TA.) [Compare Proverbs iii. 16.] b4: Also (assumed tropical:) A rivulet, or streamlet; (Msb, K;) i. q. جَدْوَلٌ: (S, Msb, K:) or i. q. نَهْرٌ: (Mgh:) or نَهْرٌ صَغِيرٌ: (Har p. 402:) (tropical:) a rivulet, or streamlet, that runs to palmtrees: and رَبِيعُ السَّاقِى, a subst prefixed to its epithet, occurring in a trad., (assumed tropical:) the river [or rivulet] that waters seed-produce: (TA:) pl. أَرْبِعَآءُ (Fr, Yaakoob, S, Msb, K) and رِبْعَانٌ. (TA.) A poet says, describing one drinking much, فُوهُ رَبِيعٌ وَكَفُّهُ قَدَحٌ (assumed tropical:) His mouth is a river [and his hand is a bowl]. (TA.) b5: Also A share, or portion, of water for [irrigating] land, (IDrd, K, TA,) whatever it be: or, as some say, a share, or portion, thereof for the quarter of a day or night; but this is not of valid authority. (TA.) You say, لِفُلَانٍ مِنْ هٰذَا المَآءِ رَبِيعٌ, (K, TA,) or, as in some copies of the K, فِى, instead of مِنْ, i. e. To such a one belongs a share, or portion, of this water [for irrigating land]. (TA.) b6: The dim. of رَبِيعٌ is ↓ رُبَيِّعٌ. (Msb.) رُبَيِّعٌ: see رُبَاعٌ: A2: and see also رَبِيعٌ, last sentence.

رَبَاعَةٌ: see رِبْعَةٌ, in two places.

رِبَاعَةٌ: see رِبْعَةٌ, in four places. b2: It also signifies A kind of حَمَالَة [meaning obligation, or responsibility, that must be discharged, or performed, taken upon himself by a person for others; and here, particularly, such as is taken upon himself by the head, or chief, of a people]. (S, K.) You say, هُوَ عَلَى رِبَاعَةِ قَوْمِهِ, [properly He is over the affairs of his people, as indicated above, voce رِبْعَةٌ, last sentence,] meaning He is the head, or chief, of his people. (TA.) Abu-l- Kásim El-Isbahánee says, رِبَاعَةٌ is metaphorically used to signify (tropical:) The being a head, or chief; or the office of head, or chief; in consideration of the taking of the مِرْبَاع [or fourth part of the spoil, which was the share of the chief]: and hence one says, لَايُقِيمُ رِبَاعَةَ القَوْمِ غَيْرُ فُلَانٍ (tropical:) [None will act vigorously in the office of head, or chief, of the people, except such a one]. (TA.) رَبِيعَةٌ A stone that is raised, or lifted, (S, K, TA,) for trial of strength: (K, TA:) applied only to a stone. (Az, TA.) A2: A helmet of iron. (Lth, S, K.) A3: A meadow; or a garden; syn. رَوْضَةٌ. (IAar, K.) A4: A [leathern water-bag, such as is called] مَزَادَة. (K.) b2: A kind of receptacle for perfume and the like; syn. عَتِيدَةٌ, q. v. (K.) رُبَاعِىٌّ A boy four spans (أَشْبَار) in height. (S and Msb voce خُمَاسِىٌّ, q. v.) It is also applied to a camel, like سُبَاعِىٌّ; [app. meaning Four cubits in height:] fem. with ة. (TA in art. سبع.) b2: [Also A word composed of four letters, radical only, or radical and augmentative.]

رَبَاعِيَةٌ The tooth that is between the ثَنِيَّة [or central incisor] and the نَاب; (S, Msb, K;) i. e. each of the four teeth which are next to the ثَنَايَا, (Mgh, * TA,) pertaining to man and to others: (TA:) pl. رَبَاعِيَاتٌ: (S, Mgh, Msb, K:) a man has, above, [two teeth called] ثَنِيَّتَانِ, and [two called] رَبَاعِيَتَانِ, after them, and [two called]

نَابَانِ, and [two called] ضَاحِكَانِ, and six أَرْحَآء, on each side [three], and [two teeth called]

نَاجِذَانِ; and the like below: (As, TA:) and the solid-hoofed animal has, after the ثَنَايَا, four رَبَاعِيَات, and four قَوَارِح, and four أَنْيَاب, and eight أَضْرَاس. (Az, TA.) A2: Also fem. of رَبَاعٍ [q. v.]. (S, K.) رَبَّاعٌ One who often buys, or sells, رِبَاع, meaning houses, or places of abode. (IAar, K.) رَابِعٌ [act. part. n. of رَبَعَ]. b2: The chief who used to take the fourth part of the spoil, in the Time of Ignorance. (Ham p. 336.) b3: هُوَ رَابِعُ أَرْبَعَةٍ He is [the fourth of four, or] one of four. (TA.) b4: [رَابِعَ عَشَرَ and رَابِعَةَ عَشْرَةَ, the former masc. and the latter fem., meaning Fourteenth, are subject to the same rules as ثَالِثَ عَشَرَ and its fem., expl. in art. ثلث, q. v.] b5: إِبِلٌ رَوَابِعُ [Camels coming to water, or being watered, on the fourth day, counting the day of the next preceding watering as the first: pl. of رَابِعَةٌ]: from رَبَعَتِ الإِبِلُ, meaning وَرَدَتِ الرِّبْعَ. (S, K.) In like manner, also, رَوَابعُ is applied, metaphorically, to birds of the kind called قَطًا, as an epithet denoting their coming to water, by El-'Ajjáj. (TA.) A2: رَبِيعٌ رَابِعٌ A fruitful, or plentiful, ربيع [meaning the season so called]. (ISk, K.) b2: One does not say يَوْمٌ رَابِعٌ like as one says يَوْمٌ قَائِظٌ &c., because there is no corresponding verb, like قَاظَ, &c., for such a verb would have no meaning of heat nor of cold. (IB.) A3: هُوَ رَابِعٌ عَلَى حَالِهِ He is abiding, or continuing, in his state, or condition. (TA.) أَرْبَعٌ: see أَرْبَعَةٌ.

A2: هِىَ أَرْبَعُهُنَّ لَقَاحًا She is the quickest of them in conceiving, or becoming pregnant. (Th.) أَرْبَعَةٌ [Four;] a masc. n. of number; fem.

↓ أَرْبَعٌ. (S, K.) [Respecting a peculiar pronunciation of the people of El-Hijáz, and a case in which اربعة is imperfectly decl., see ثَلَاثَةٌ. See also سِتَّةٌ.] b2: ذَوَاتُ الأَرْبَعِ The quadrupeds. (The Lexicons passim.) b3: جَآءَتْ عَيْنَاهُ بِأَرْبَعَةٍ (tropical:) His two eyes shed tears running from their four sides: or it means, accord. to Z, he came weeping most vehemently. (TA.) [See another ex. voce ثَمَانِيَةٌ.] b4: أَرْبَعَةَ عَشَرَ [indecl. in every case, meaning Fourteen,] is pronounced by some of the Arabs أَرْبَعَةَ عْشَرَ: and [the fem.] أَرْبَعَ عَشْرَةَ, thus in the dial. of El-Hijáz [and of most of the Arabs], is pronounced أَرْبَعَ عَشِرَةَ in the dial. of Nejd. (S in art. عشر.) الأَرْبِعَآءُ, [also written without tenween when not rendered determinate by the article or otherwise accord. to most authorities, who make it fem., but with tenween when indeterminate accord. to those who make it masc.,] and الأَرْبَعَآءُ, (As, S, Msb, K,) the latter on the authority of some of the BenooAsad, (S, Msb,) and الأَرْبُعَآءُ, (As, Msb, K,) which is a form of the word seldom used, (Msb,) and الإِرْبِعَآءُ, and الإِرْبَعَآءُ, the last two mentioned by IHsh, the first of all the most chaste, (MF,) but it is the only sing. word of its measure, (El-Kutabee, Msb,) except أَرْمِدَآءُ, (Az, O,) the name of A certain day; (S, Msb, K;) [namely Wednesday;] the fourth day of the week; (L;) as also ↓ الرَّبُوعُ; but this is post-classical: (TA:) the dual of أَرْبِعَآء is أَرْبِعَاوَانِ; (L;) and the pl. is أَرْبِعَاوَاتٌ, (S, L,) [accord. to those who make the sing. fem.;] or the dual is أَرْبِعَآءَانِ, and the pl. is أَرْبِعَآءَاتٌ; (K;) thus says Aboo-Jukhádib, regarding the noun as masc.: (Fr:) Aboo-Ziyád used to say, مَضَى الأَرْبِعَآءُ بِمَا فِيهِ [Wednesday passed with what (occurred) in it], making it sing. and masc. [because he meant thereby يَوْمُ الأَرْبِعَآءُ]; but Abu-l-Jarráh used to say, مَضَتِ الأَرْبِعَآءُ بِمَا فِيهِنَّ, making it fem. and pl., and employing it like a n. of number: (Lh:) Th is related to have mentioned أَرَابِيعُ as a pl. of الأَرْبِعَآءُ; but ISd says, I am not sure of this. (TA.) The word has no dim. (Sb, S in art. امس.) أَرْبَعُونَ [Forty;] a certain number, (TA,) after ثَلَاثُونَ. (S, K.) b2: [Also Fortieth.]

أَرْبِعَاوِىٌّ One who fasts alone on the أَرْبِعَآء [or Wednesday]. (IAar.) مَرْبَعٌ; see رَبْعٌ in three places.

مُرْبَعٌ, applied to a camel, [That is watered on the fourth day, counting the day of the next preceding watering as the first: (see 4:) and] that is brought to the water at any time. (TA.) b2: See also مَرْبُوعٌ.

مُرْبِعٌ: b2: see مَرْبُوعٌ.

A2: Applied to rain, (S, Msb, TA,) That comes in the [season called]

رَبِيع: [in the Ham p. 425, written مَرْبَع:] or that induces the people to remain in their abodes and not to seek after herbage: (TA:) or that confines the people in their رِبَاع [or dwellings] by reason of its abundance: (Msb:) or that causes the [herbage called] رَبِيع to grow: (TA:) or that causes the growth of that in which the camels may pasture at pleasure. (S.) b2: With ة, applied to land (أَرْضٌ), Abounding with [the herbage called]

رَبِيع; as also ↓ مِرْبَاعٌ. (TA.) b3: Without ة, applied to a she-camel, (As, S, K,) That brings forth in the [season called] رَبِيع: (S, K:) or that has her young one with her; (As, S, K;) the young one being called رُبَعٌ: (As, S:) as also ↓ مِرْبَاعٌ: (As, TA:) or the latter signifies one that usually brings forth in the [season called]

رَبِيع: (S, K:) or that brings forth in the beginning of the breeding-time: (As, S, K:) or that is early, or before others, in becoming pregnant: (TA:) and the former, so applied, signifies also one whose womb is, or becomes, closed, [app. in the season called رَبِيع, (see 4,)] so that it does not admit the seminal fluid. (TA.) b4: Applied to a man, (tropical:) Having offspring born to him in the prime of his manhood. (TA.) [See 4]

A3: Also The sail of a full ship: (AA, K:) that of an empty ship is called رُومِىٌّ. (AA, TA.) مِرْبَعٌ: see مِرْبَعَةٌ.

مُرَبَّعٌ (S, K,) Having four portions [or sides or faces or angles &c.; generally meaning either square or quadrilateral]: or of the form of a thing having four legs; or of the form of a quadruped. (TA.) [See also مُثَلَّثٌ.] b2: مُرَبَّعُ الحَاجِبَيْنِ (assumed tropical:) A man whose eyebrows have much hair; as though he had four eyebrows. (TA.) b3: مُرَبَّعٌ الجَبْهَةِ [Having a square forehead; meaning] (tropical:) a slave. (TA.) أَرْضٌ مَرْبَعَةٌ A land containing, or having, يَرَابِيع [or jerboas]; (S, K;) as also ↓ أَرْضٌ مُرْتَبِعٌ. (TA.) مِرْبَعَةٌ A staff, (K,) or small staff, (S,) of which two men take hold of the two ends in order to raise a load (S, K) and put it upon the back of the camel, (S,) or upon the beast; (K;) as also ↓ مِرْبَعٌ: (K:) which latter is also expl. as signifying a piece of wood with which a thing is taken. (TA.) [See 1, last signification but one.]

مِرْبَاعٌ: see رُبْعٌ: A2: and مَرْبُوعٌ: A3: and رَبْعٌ.

A4: Rain that comes in the beginning of the [season called] رَبِيع: [an epithet used in this sense as a subst.:] pl. مَرَابِيعُ. (S, * K, * TA, * [in which only the pl. is mentioned,] and EM p. 140.) Hence, مَرَابِيعُ النُّجُومِ, as used in a verse of Lebeed cited in the first paragraph of art. رزق; by the نُجُوم being meant the أَنْوَآء; (S;) i. e. the Mansions of the Moon [which by their rising or setting at dawn were supposed to bring rain or wind or heat or cold]. (EM ubi suprà.) b2: Applied to a place, That produces herbage in the beginning of the [season called] رَبِيع. (K, TA.) b3: Applied to land (أَرْضٌ): see مُرْبِعٌ. b4: Applied to a she-camel: see مُرْبِعٌ.

مَرْبُوعٌ Twisted of four twists, or strands; (S, TA;) applied to a rope, (TA,) as also ↓ مِرْبَاعٌ, (Ibn-' Abbád, TA,) and to a bow-string, and a bridle. (S, TA.) b2: Applied to a spear, Four cubits in length: (TA:) or neither long nor short; (S, TA;) and in like manner applied to a man: see رَبْعٌ, in two places: (S, Mgh, L, &c.:) and [hence its pl.] مَرَابِيعُ, applied to horses, compact in make. (TA.) A2: Also, applied to a man, Having a fever which seizes him on one day and leaves him two days and then comes again on the fourth day [counting the day of the next preceding fit as the first; i. e. having, or seized by, a quartan fever]; as also ↓ مُرْبَعٌ; (S, K;) and ↓ مُرْبِعٌ is said to be used in the same sense; but the Arabs say مُرْبَعٌ. (Az, TA.) A3: أَرْضٌ مَرْبُوعَةً, and شَجَرٌ مَرْبُوعٌ, Land, and trees, watered by the rain in the season called رَبِيع. (S, TA.) b2: [Hence,] مَرْبُوعٌ, applied to a man, also signifies (tropical:) Restored from a state of poverty to wealth or competence or sufficiency; recovered from his embarassment or difficulty, or from a state of perdition or destruction. (TA.) مَرَابِيعُ, pl. of مَرْبُوعٌ [q. v.]: A2: and pl. of مِرْبَاعٌ [q. v.].

مُرْتَبَعٌ: see رَبْعٌ, in three places.

مُرْتَبِعٌ, applied to a beast, That has pastured upon the [herbage called] رَبِيع, and become fat, and brisk, lively, or sprightly. (TA.) A2: See also رَبْعٌ: A3: and see أَرْضٌ مَرْبَعَةٌ.

جَلَسَ مُتَرَبِّعًا He sat cross-legged; i. q. تَرَبَّعَ فِى

جُلُوسِهِ. (TA.) مُسْتَرْبِعٌ شَيْئًا Having power, or ability, for, or to do, a thing; as, for instance, war, or battle; (IAar;) or to bear, or endure, a thing; (IAar, Sgh;) as when relating to an envier, meaning his envy. (Sgh.) You say also رَجُلٌ مُسْتَرْبِعٌ بِعَمَلِهِ A man who is able by himself to execute his work, having power, or strength, to do it, and very patient. (K.) يَرْبُوعٌ, in which the ى is augmentative, (Kr, S, Msb,) because there is not in the language of the Arabs any word of the measure فَعْلُولٌ, (Kr, S,) except what is extr., such as صَعْفُوقٌ, (K,) which is a foreign word [introduced into their language], (S in art. صعفق,) [The jerboa;] a certain wellknown beast; (K;) a small beast like the فَأْرَة [or rat], but longer in the tail and ears, and of which the hind legs are longer than the fore-legs, the reverse of what is the case in the زَرَافَة [or giraffe]; called by the vulgar جَرْبُوع; (Msb;) a rat (فَأْرَة) of which the burrow has four entrances; Az says, it is a small beast larger than the جُرَذ, [q. v.; but in the L, in art. جرذ, the reverse of this is said;] and the name is applied alike to the male and the female: (TA:) [Forskål (“ Descr. Animalium,”

p. iv.,) terms it mus jaculus: see the questions appended to Niebuhr's “ Descr. de l' Arabie,” p.

177:] pl. يَرَابِيعُ. (S, Msb.) [See ذُو الرُّمَيْحِ, voce رُمْحٌ.] b2: Hence, (TA,) اليَرْبُوعُ also signifies لَحْمَةُ المَتْنِ (tropical:) [The portion of flesh and sinew next the back-bone, on either side]; (S * K;) as being likened to the فأَرة [thus called]: (TA:) or this is with damm [اليُرْبُوعُ]: (K:) or the يَرَابِيعُ of the مَتْن are its portions of flesh; (T, S, K;) and the word has no sing.: (K:) Az says, I have not heard any sing. thereof. (TA.) الجَارُ اليَرْبُوعِىُّ The neighbour that is variable in his actions [like the jerboa, which is noted for having recourse to various expedients, in the formation of its burrow, &c., to avoid capture]; like الجَارُ البَرَاقِشِىُّ. (IAar, TA in art. جور.)

ربع
الرَّبْع: الدارُ بعَينِها حيثُ كَانَت، كَمَا فِي الصِّحَاح. وأنشدَ الصَّاغانِيّ لزُهيرِ بن أبي سُلْمى:
(فلمّا عَرَفْتُ الدارَ قلتُ لرَبْعِها ... أَلا انْعَمْ صَباحاً أيُّها الرَّبْعُ واسْلَم)
قَالَ الجَوْهَرِيّ: ج: رِباعٌ بالكَسْر، ورُبوعٌ، بالضَّمّ، وأَرْبُعٌ، كأَفْلُسٍ، وأَرْبَاعٌ، كزَنْدٍ وأَزْنَادٍ. شَاهد الرُّبوع قَوْلُ الشَّمَّاخ:
(تُصيبُهمُ وتُخْطِئُني المَنايا ... وأَخْلُفُ فِي رُبوعٍ عَن رُبوعِ)
وشاهِدُ الأَرْبُعِ قولُ ذِي الرُّمَّة:
(أَلِلأَرْبُعِ الدُّهْمِ اللَّواتي كأنَّها ... بَقِيَّةُ وَحْيٍ فِي بُطونِ الصَّحائفِ)
الرَّبْع: المَحَلَّة. يُقَال: مَا أوسعَ رَبْعَ فلانٍ. نَقله الجَوْهَرِيّ. الرَّبْع: المَنزِلُ والوطَن، مَتى كَانَ، وبأيِّ مَكَان، كلُّ ذَلِك مُشتقٌّ من رَبَعَ بالمكانِ يَرْبَع رَبْعَاً، إِذا اطمَأَنَّ، والجَمعُ كالجَمع، وَمِنْه الحَدِيث: وَهل تَرَكَ لنا عَقيلٌ مِن رَبْع ويُروى: مِن رِباعٍ، أرادَ بِهِ المَنزِلَ ودارَ الإقامةِ. وَفِي حديثِ عائشةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهَا: أنّها أرادتْ بَيْعَ رِباعِها. الرَّبْع: النَّعْش، يُقَال: حَمَلْتُ رَبْعَه، أَي نَعْشَه. وَيُقَال أَيْضا: رَبَعَه الله، إِذا نَعَشَه. ورجلٌ مَرْبُوعٌ، أَي مَنْعُوشٌ مُنَفَّسٌ عَنهُ. وَهُوَ مَجاز.
الرَّبْع: جماعةُ النَّاس. وَقَالَ شَمِرٌ: الرُّبوع: أهلُ المَنازلِ. وَبِه فُسِّرَ قولُ الشّمّاخِ المُتقدِّم: وأَخْلُفُ فِي رُبوعٍ عَن رُبوعِ أَي فِي قومٍ بعدَ قومٍ. وَقَالَ الأَصْمَعِيّ: يريدُ فِي رَبْعٍ من أَهلِي، أَي فِي مَسْكَنِهم. وَقَالَ أَبُو مالكٍ: الرَّبْع: مِثلُ السَّكَن، وهما أهلُ البيتِ، وَأنْشد: (فإنْ يكُ رَبْعٌ مِن رِجالي أصابَهُم ... مِن اللهِ والحَتْمِ المُطِلِّ شُعوبُ)
وَقَالَ شَمِرٌ: الرَّبْع: يكونُ المَنزِلَ، ويكونُ أهلَ المَنزلِ. قَالَ ابنُ بَرّيّ: والرَّبْعُ أَيْضا: العددُ الْكثير. الرَّبْع: المَوضِعُ يَرْتَبِعونَ فِيهِ فِي الرّبيع خاصّةً، كالمَرْبَع كَمَقْعَدٍ، وَهُوَ مَنْزِلُ القومِ فِي الربيعِ خاصّةً. تَقول: هَذِه مَرابِعُنا ومَصايِفُنا، أَي حيثُ نَرْتَبِعُ ونَصِيفُ، كَمَا فِي الصّحاح.
الرَّبْع: الرجلُ المُتَوَسِّطُ القامةِ بَين الطُّولِ والقِصَر، كالمَرْبوعِ والرَّبْعَة، بالفَتْح ويُحرّك، والمِرْباعِ كمِحرابٍ، مَا رَأَيْتُه فِي أُمَّهاتِ اللُّغَة إلاّ صَاحب المُحيط، ذَكَرَ حبلٌ مِرْباعٌ بمَعنى مَرْبُوع فَأَخذه المُصَنِّف وعَمَّ بِهِ، والمُرْتَبَعُ مَبْنِيَّاً للفاعلِ وللمَفعولِ، وَبِهِمَا رُوِيَ قولُ العَجّاج:) رَباعِياً مُرْتَبعاً أَو شَوْقَبا وَقد ارْتَبَعَ الرجلُ، إِذا صارَ مَرْبُوعَ الخِلْقَة، وَفِي الحَدِيث: كَانَ النبيُّ صلّى الله عَلَيْهِ وسلَّم أطولَ من المَرْبوعِ، وأَقصرَ من المُشَذَّب وَفِي حديثِ أمِّ مَعْبَدٍ رَضِيَ الله عَنْهَا: كَانَ النبيُّ صلّى الله عَلَيْهِ وسلَّم رَبْعَةً، لَا يَأْسَ من طُولٍ، وَلَا تَقْتَحِمُه عَينٌ مِن قِصَرٍ أَي لم يكُن فِي حدِّ الرَّبْعةِ غيرَ مُتجاوِزٍ لَهُ، فجعلَ ذَلِك القَدرَ من تَجاوُز حدِّ الرَّبْعةِ عَدَمَ يَأْسٍ من بعضِ الطُّول، وَفِي تنكيرِ الطُّولِ دليلٌ على معنى البَعْضِيَّة، وَهِي رَبْعَةٌ أَيْضا بالفَتْح والتحريك، كالمُذَكَّر وجَمْعُهما جَميعاً رَبْعَاتٌ بسكونِ الْبَاء، حَكَاهُ ثعلبٌ عَن ابْن الأَعْرابِيّ، رَبَعَات، مُحرّكةً، وَهُوَ شاذٌّ، لأنّ فَعْلَةً إِذا كَانَت صفة لَا تُحرَّكُ عَيْنُها فِي الجَمع وإنّما تُحرّكُ إِذا كَانَت اسْما، وَلم تكنِ العَين، أَي مَوْضِعُ العَينِ واواً أَو يَاء، كَمَا فِي العُباب والصحاح. وَفِي اللِّسان: وإنّما حرَّكوا رَبَعَاتٍ، وإنْ كَانَ صفة لأنّ أَصْلَ رَبْعَة اسمٌ مُؤَنَّثٌ وَقَعَ على المُذَكَّر والمُؤَنَّث، فوُصِفَ بِهِ.
وَقَالَ الفَرّاء: إنّما حُرِّكَ رَبَعَاتٌ لأنّه جاءَ نَعْتَاً للمُذكَّرِ والمؤنَّث، فكأنّه اسمٌ نُعِتَ بِهِ. وَقَالَ الأَزْهَرِيّ: خُولِفَ بِهِ طريقُ ضَخْمَةٍ وضَخْمَاتٍ لاستِواءِ نَعْتِ الرجلِ والمرأةِ فِي قولِه: رجلٌ رَبْعَةٌ وامرأةٌ رَبْعَةٌ، فصارَ كالاسم، والأصلُ فِي بَاب فَعْلَة من الْأَسْمَاء مثل: تَمْرَةٍ وجَفْنَةٍ أَن يُجمَع على فَعَلاتٍ، مثلَ تَمَرَاتٍ وجَفَنَات، وَمَا كَانَ من النُّعوتِ على فَعْلَةٍ، مثلُ شاةٍ لَجْبَةٍ، وامرأةٍ عَبْلَةٍ، أَن يُجمَع على فَعْلاتٍ بسُكونِ العَين، وإنّما جُمِعَ رَبْعَةٌ على رَبَعَات وَهُوَ نعتٌ لأنّه أَشْبَهُ الأسماءَ لاستِواءِ لَفْظِ المُذكَّرِ والمؤنَّثِ فِي واحدِه. قَالَ: وَقَالَ الفَرّاء: من العربِ من يَقُول: امرأةٌ رَبْعَةٌ، ونِسوةٌ رَبْعَاتٌ، وَكَذَلِكَ رجلٌ رَبْعَةٌ ورِجالٌ رَبْعُون، فيجعلُه كسائرِ النُّعوت. قَالَ ابْن السِّكِّيت: رَبَعَ الرجلُ يَرْبَعُ، كَمَنَعَ: وَقَفَ وانتظرَ وتحبَّسَ، وليسَ فِي نَصِّ ابْن السِّكِّيت: انتظَرَ، على مَا نَقَلَه الجَوْهَرِيّ والصَّاغانِيّ وصاحبُ اللِّسان وَمِنْه قولُهم: ارْبَعْ عَلَيْك، أَو ارْبَعْ على نَفْسِك، أَو ارْبَعْ على ظَلْعِك، أَي ارْفُقْ بنَفسِك، وكُفَّ، كَمَا فِي الصِّحَاح، وَقيل: مَعْنَاهُ انتَظِرْ. قَالَ الأَحْوَص:
(مَا ضَرَّ جِيرانَنا إِذا انْتَجَعوا ... لَو أنَّهم قَبْلَ بَيْنِهم ربَعُوا)
وَفِي المُفرَداتِ: وقَولُهم: ارْبَعْ على ظَلْعِكَ، يجوز أَن يكونَ من الإقامَةِ، أَي أَقِمْ على ظَلْعِكَ، وأَن يكون من رَبَعَ الحَجَرَ، أَي تناولْهُ على ظَلْعِك انْتهى. وَفِي حَدِيث سُبَيْعَةَ الأَسلَمِيَّة ارْبِعي بنفسِك، ويُروَى: على نفسِكِ. ولهُ تأْويلانِ:أَحدُهما بِمَعْنى تَوَقَّفي وانتَظِري تَمامَ عِدَّةِ الوَفاةِ)
على مَذْهب مَن يَقُول: عِدَّتُها أَبْعَدُ الأَجَلَيْنِ، وَهُوَ مذهبُ عليٍّ وابنِ عَبّاسٍ رَضِي الله عَنْهُم.
وَالثَّانِي أَن يكونَ من رَبَعَ الرَّجُلُ، إِذا أَخْصَبَ، وَالْمعْنَى: نَفِّسي عَن نَفسِكِ وأَخْرِجيها عَن بُؤْسِ العِدَّة وسوءِ الحالِ، وَهَذَا على مَذْهَبِ مَنْ يَرى أَنَّ عِدَّتَها أَدْنى الأَجلين، وَلِهَذَا قَالَ عُمَرُ: إِذا وَلَدَتْ وزَوْجُها على سَريرِه، يَعْنِي لم يُدْفَنْ، جازَ أَن تتَزَوَّج. وَفِي حديثٍ آخَرَ: فإنَّه لَا يَرْبَعُ على ظَلْعِكَ مَنْ لَا يَحْزُنُه أَمرُكَ، أَي لَا يَحْتَبِسُ عَلَيْك ويَصبر إلاّ مَنْ يُهِمُّهُ أَمْرُكَ. وَفِي المَثَلِ: حَدِّثْ حَديثَيْنِ امْرأَةً، فإنْ أَبَتْ فارْبَعْ، أَي كُفَّ، ويُروَى بقَطْعِ الهَمزةِ، ويُروَى أَيضاً فأَربعَة، أَي زِدْ، لأَنَّها أَضعَفُ فَهْماً، فَإِن لمْ تفهَمْ فاجعلْها أَربعة، وأَرادَ بالحَديثينِ حَديثاً واحِداً تُكَرِّرُه مرَّتين، فكأَنَّكَ حدَّثْتَها بحديثينِ. قَالَ أَبو سعيدٍ: فإنْ لمْ تفهم بعدَ الأَربعَةِ فالمِرْبَعَة، يَعْنِي العَصا. يُضرَبُ فِي سوءِ السَّمْعِ والإجابَةِ. رَبَعَ يَرْبَعُ رَبْعاً: رفَعَ الحَجَرَ باليَد وشالَهُ: وَقيل: حملَه امْتِحاناً لِلقوَّةِ، قَالَ الأَزْهَرِيّ: يُقال ذَلِك فِي الحَجَرِ خاصَّةً، وَمِنْه الحديثُ أَنَّه مَرَّ بقومٍ يَرْبَعونَ حَجَراً فَقَالَ: مَا هَذَا فَقَالُوا: هَذَا حَجَرُ الأَشِدَّاءِ. فَقَالَ: أَلا أُخْبِرُكُمْ بأَشَدِّكُمْ مَنْ ملَكَ نفسَه عندَ الغَضَب. وَفِي رِوَايَة: ثمَّ قَالَ: عُمَّالُ الله أَقوَى من هؤلاءِ. رَبَعَ الحَبْلَ، وكذلكَ الوَتَرَ: فتلَه من أَربَع قُوىً، أَي طاقاتٍ، يُقال: حَبْلٌ مَرْبوعٌ ومِرْباعٌ، الأَخيرَةُ عَن ابنِ عَبّادٍ. ووَتَرٌ مَربوعٌ، وَمِنْه قولُ لَبيد:
(رابِطُ الجأْشِ على فَرْجِهِمُ ... أَعْطِفُ الجَوْنَ بمَرْبُوعٍ مِتَلّْ) قيل: أَي بعِنانٍ شَديدٍ من أَربَعِ قُوىً، وَقيل: أَرادَ رُمْحاً، وسيأْتي. وأَنشدَ أَبو اللَّيْث عَن أَبي ليلى:
(أَتْرَعَها تَبَوُّعاً ومَتَّا ... بالمَسَدِ المَرْبوعِ حتَّى ارْفَتّا)
التَّبَوُّع: مَدُّ الباعِ. وارْفَتَّ: انْقَطَع. رَبَعَتِ الإبِلُ تُرْبَعُ رَبْعاً: وَرَدَت الرِّبْعَ، بالكَسرِ، بأَنْ حُبِسَتْ عَن الماءِ ثلاثةَ أَيّامٍ،، أَو أَربَعةً، أَو ثلاثَ ليالٍ، ووَرَدَتْ فِي اليَوْمِ الرَّابِعِ. والرِّبْعُ: ظِمءٌ مِنْ أَظْماءِ الإِبِلِ، وَقد اختُلِفَ فِيهِ، فَقيل: هُوَ أَن تُحبَسَ عَن الماءِ أَرْبعاً، ثُمَّ تَرِدَ الخامِسَ، وَقيل: هُوَ أَن تَرِدَ الماءَ يَوْمًا وتَدَعَهُ يَوْمَيْنِ، ثمَّ تردَ اليومَ الرَّابع، وَقيل: هُوَ لثلاثِ ليالٍ وأَربَعَةِ أَيّامٍ. وقدْ أَشارَ إِلَى ذلكَ المُصنِّفُ فِي سِياقِ عِبارَتِهِ معَ تأَمُّلٍ فِيهِ. وَهِي إبِلٌ رَوابِعُ، وكذلكَ إِلَى العِشْرِ.
واسْتَعارَه العَجّاج لوِرْدِ القَطا، فَقَالَ:
(وبَلْدَةٍ يُمْسي قَطاها نُسَّسَا ... رَوابِعاً وقدْرَ رِبْعِ خُمَّسا)
) رَبَعَ فلانٌ يَرْبَعُ رَبْعاً: أَخْصَبَ، من الرَّبيعِ، وَبِه فَسَّرَ بعضٌ حديثَ سُبيعَةَ الأَسلَمِيَّةِ، كَمَا تقدَّمَ قَرِيبا. وَعَلِيهِ الحُمَّى: جاءتْهُ رِبْعاً، بالكَسْرِ، وَقد رُبِعَ، كعُنِيَ، وأُرْبِعَ، بالضَّمِّ، فَهُوَ مَرْبوعٌ ومُرْبَعٌ، وَهِي أَي الرِّبْعُ من الحُمَى أَن تأْخُذَ يَوْمًا وتَدَعَ يَومَيْنِ ثمَّ تجيءَ فِي اليَومِ الرَّابِعِ. قَالَ ابنُ هَرْمَةَ:
(لَثِقاً تُجَفْجِفُهُ الصِّبَا وكأَنَّهُ ... شاكٍ تَنكَّرَ وِرْدُهُ مَربوعُ)
وأَرْبَعَتْ عَلَيْهِ الحُمَّى: لغةٌ فِي رَبَعَت، كَمَا أَنَّ أُرْبِعَ لُغَةٌ فِي رُبِعَ. قَالَ أُسامةُ الهُذَلِيّ: (إِذا بلَغوا مِصْرَهُمْ عُوجِلوا ... مِنَ المَوتِ بالهِمْيَغِ الذَّاعِطِ)

(مِنَ المُرْبَعِينَ ومِنْ آزِلٍ ... إِذا جَنَّهُ اللَّيْلُ كالنَّاحِطِ)
وَيُقَال: أَرْبَعتُ عَلَيْهِ: أَخَذْتُه رِبْعاً. وأَغَبَّتْه: أخذتُه غِبَّاً. ورجلٌ مُرْبِعٌ ومُغِبٌّ، بكسرِ الْبَاء. قَالَ الأَزْهَرِيّ: فَقيل لَهُ: لمَ قلتَ: أَرْبَعتِ الحُمَّى زَيْدَاً، ثمّ قلتَ: منَ المُرْبِعين، فَجَعَلتَه مَرَّةً مَفْعُولاً ومرَّةً فاعِلاً فَقَالَ: يُقَال: أَرْبَعَ الرجلُ أَيْضا. قَالَ الأَزْهَرِيّ: كلامُ العربِ أَرْبَعَتْ عَلَيْهِ الحُمّى، والرجلُ مُرْبَعٌ، بفَتحِ الْبَاء. وَقَالَ ابْن الأَعْرابِيّ: أَرْبَعَتْه الحُمّى، وَلَا يُقَال: رَبَعَتْه. رَبَعَ الحِمْلَ يَرْبَعُه رَبْعَاً، إِذا أَدْخَلَ المِرْبَعَةَ تَحْتَه، وأخذَ بطَرَفِها، وَأخذ آخَرُ بطرفها الآخر ثمَّ رَفَعَاهُ على الدّابَّةِ. قَالَ الجَوْهَرِيّ: فإنْ لم تكن مِرْبَعَةً أَخَذَ أحدُهما بيدِ صاحبِه، أَي تَحت الحِملِ حَتَّى يَرْفَعاه على الْبَعِير، وَهِي المُرابَعَة. وأنشدَ ابْن الأَعْرابِيّ:
(يَا لَيْتَ أمَّ العَمْرِ كَانَت صَاحِبي ... مكانَ مَن أَنْشَا على الركائبِ)

(ورابَعَتْني تَحْتَ لَيْلٍ ضارِبِ ... بساعِدٍ فَعْمٍ وكَفٍّ خاضِبِ)
أَنْشَا: أصلُه أَنْشَأَ، فلَيَّنَ الهمزةَ للضرورةِ. وَقَالَ أَبُو عمر الزاهدُ فِي اليَواقِيت: أَنْشَأ: أَي أَقْبَل. رَبَعَ القَومَ يَرْبَعُهم رَبْعَاً: أَخَذَ رُبْعَ أموالِهم، مِثلَ عَشَرَهُم عَشْرَاً. رَبَعَ الثلاثةَ: جَعَلَهُم بنَفسِه أَرْبَعةً و: صارَ رابِعَهُم يَرْبُعُ ويَرْبِعُ ويَرْبَع، بالتَّثْليث فيهمَا، أَي فِي كلٍّ من رَبَعَ القومَ، وَرَبَعَ الثلاثةَ. رَبَعَ الجيشَ، إِذا أَخَذَ مِنْهُم رُبْعَ الغَنيمةِ، ومُضارِعُه يَرْبُع، من حدِّ ضَرَبَ فَقَط، كَمَا هُوَ مُقتَضى سِياقِه، وَفِيه مُخالفةٌ لنَقلِ الصَّاغانِيّ. فإنّه قَالَ: رَبَعْتُ القومَ أَرْبُعُهم وأَرْبِعُهم وأَرْبَعُهم، إِذا صِرتَ رابِعَهم أَو أَخَذْتَ رُبْعَ الغَنيمة، قَالَ ذَلِك يونُسُ فِي كتاب اللُّغَات واقتصرَ الجَوْهَرِيّ على الْفَتْح، ثمّ إنّ مصدرَ رَبَعَ الجيشَ رَبْعٌ ورَباعَةٌ. صرَّحَ بِهِ فِي اللِّسان. وَفِي الحَدِيث: أَلَمْ أَجْعَلكَ تَرْبَعُ وتَدْسَعُ أَي تأخذُ المِرْبَاع، وَقد مرَّ الحديثُ فِي دسص وَقيل فِي)
التَّفْسِير: أَي تأخذُ رُبْعَ الغَنيمة وَالْمعْنَى: ألم أَجْعَلْكَ رَئِيسا مُطاعاً كَانَ يُفعَلُ ذَلِك، أَي أَخْذُ رُبْع مَا غَنِمَ الجيشُ فِي الجاهِليَّة، فرَدَّه الإسلامُ خُمُساً، فَقَالَ تَعَالَى جلَّ شَأْنُه: واعْلَموا أنّ مَا غَنِمْتُم من شيءٍ فأنَّ للهِ خُمُسَه وللرَّسول. رَبَعَ عليهِ رَبْعَاً: عَطَفَ، وَقيل: رَفَقَ. رَبَعَ عَنهُ رَبْعَاً: كَفَّ وأَقْصَرَ. رَبَعَت الإبلُ تَرْبَعُ رَبْعَاً: سَرَحَتْ فِي المرعى، وأكلتْ كَيفَ شاءَتْ وشَرِبَتْ، وَكَذَلِكَ رَبَعَ الرجلُ بِالْمَكَانِ، إِذا نزلَ حيثُ شاءَ فِي خِصبٍ ومَرعىً. رَبَعَ الرجلُ فِي المَاء: تحَكَّمَ كيفَ شَاءَ. رَبَعَ القومَ: تمَّمَهُم بنَفسِه أَرْبَعةً، أَو أَرْبَعينَ، أَو أَرْبَعةً وأَرْبَعين، فعلى الأوّل: كَانُوا ثَلَاثَة فكمَّلَهم أَرْبَعةً، وعَلى الثَّانِي: كَانُوا تِسعةً وثلاثينَ فكمَّلَهم أَرْبَعين، وعَلى الثَّالِث: كَانُوا ثَلَاثَة وَأَرْبَعين فكمَّلَهم أَرْبَعةً وأَرْبَعين. رَبَعَ بِالْمَكَانِ: اطمأَنَّ وأقامَ. قَالَ الأَصْبَهانيّ فِي المُفردات وأصلُ رَبَعَ: أقامَ فِي الرَّبيع، ثمّ تُجُوِّزَ بِهِ فِي كلِّ إقامةٍ، وكلِّ وَقْتٍ، حَتَّى سُمِّي كلُّ مَنْزِلٍ رَبْعَاً، وإنْ كَانَ ذَلِك فِي الأصلِ مُختَصّاً بالرَّبيع. ورُبِعوا، بالضَّمّ: مُطِروا بالرَّبيع، أَي أصابَهُم مَطَرُ الرّبيع، وَمِنْه قولُ أبي وَجْزَةَ:
(حَتَّى إِذا مَا إيالاتٌ جَرَتْ بُرُحاً ... وَقد رَبَعْنَ الشَّوى مِن ماطِرٍ ماجِ) أَي أَمْطَرْن، ومِن ماطِرٍ: أَي عَرَقٍ مَأْج، أَي مِلْح. يَقُول: أَمْطَرْنَ قَوائِمَهُنَّ مِن عَرَقِهِنَّ.
والمِرْبَع والمِرْبَعَة، بكَسرِهما، الأُولى عَن ابنِ عَبّادٍ وصاحبِ المُفردات: العَصا الَّتِي تُحمَلُ بهَا الْأَحْمَال. وَفِي الصِّحَاح: عُصَيَّةٌ يَأْخُذُ رَجُلانِ بطَرَفَيْها ليَحمِلا الحِملَ ويَضعاه على ظَهْرِ الدّابَّةِ.
وَفِي المُفردات: المِرْبَع: خَشَبٌ يُرْبَعُ بِهِ، أَي يُؤخَذُ الشيءُ بِهِ. قَالَ الجَوْهَرِيّ: وَمِنْه قولُ الراجز:
(أَيْن الشِّظاظانِ وأينَ المِرْبَعَهْ ... وأينَ وَسْقُ الناقةِ الجَلَنْفَعَهْ)
مَرْبَعٌ، كَمَقْعَدٍ: ع، قيل هُوَ جبلٌ قُربَ مكَّةَ. قَالَ الأَبَحُّ بنُ مُرَّة أَخُو أبي خِراشٍ:
(عليكَ بَني مُعاوِيَةَ بنِ صَخْرٍ ... فَأَنْتَ بمَرْبَعٍ وهمُ بضِيمِ)
والرِّوايةُ الصَّحِيحَة: فَأَنْتَ بعَرْعَرٍ. مِرْبَع، كمِنْبَرٍ بنُ قَيْظِيّ بنِ عمروٍ الأنصاريّ الحارثيّ، وَإِلَيْهِ نُسِبَ المالُ الَّذِي بالمدينةِ فِي بَني حارِثَة، لَهُ ذِكرٌ فِي الحَدِيث، وَهُوَ والِدُ عَبْد الله، شَهِدَ أُحُداً، وقُتِلَ يومَ الجِسْر، وعبدِ الرَّحْمَن شَهِدَ أُحُداً وَمَا بَعْدَها، وقُتِلَ مَعَ أخيهِ يومَ الجِسْرِ، وزَيدٍ نَقَلَه الحافظُ فِي التبصير. وَقَالَ يَزيدُ بنُ شَيْبَان: أَتَانَا ابنُ مِرْبَعٍ ونحنُ بعَرَفَةَ. يَعْنِي هَذَا، ومُرَارَة، ذَكَرَه ابنُ فَهْدٍ والذَّهَبيّ الصَّحابِيِّين، وَكَانَ أبوهم مِرْبَعٌ أَعْمَى مُنافِقاً، رَضِيَ الله عَن) بَنيه. مِرْبَع: لقَبُ وَعْوَعَةَ بنِ سعيد بنِ قُرْطِ بنِ كَعْبِ بنِ عَبْدِ بن أبي بَكْرِ بنِ كِلاب روايةِ جَريرٍ الشَّاعِر، وَفِيه يقولُ جَريرٌ:
(زَعَمَ الفَرَزْدَقُ أنْ سيَقتُلُ مِرْبَعاً ... أَبْشِرْ بطُولِ سَلامَةٍ يَا مِرْبَعُ)
وأرضٌ مَرْبَعةٌ، كَمَجْمَعَةٍ: ذاتُ يَرابيعَ نَقَلَه الجَوْهَرِيّ. وَذُو المَرْبَعِيّ: قَيْلٌ من الأَقْيال.
والمِرْباع، بالكَسْر، المكانُ يَنْبُتُ نَبْتُه فِي أوّلِ الرَّبيع. قَالَ ذُو الرُّمَّة:
(بأَوَّلِ مَا هاجَتْ لكَ الشَّوْقَ دِمْنَةٌ ... بأَجْرَع مِرْباعٍ مَرَبٍّ مُحَلَّلِ)
وَيُقَال: رُبِعَت الأرضُ فَهِيَ مَرْبُوعةٌ، إِذا أصابَها مَطَرُ الرّبيع. ومُرْبِعَةٌ ومِرْباعٌ: كثيرةُ الرَّبيع.
المِرْباع: رُبُعُ الغَنيمةِ الَّذِي كَانَ يأخذُه الرئيسُ فِي الجاهليّة، مأخوذٌ من قولِهم: رَبَعْتُ الْقَوْم، أَي كَانَ القومُ يَغْزُونَ بَعْضَهم فِي الجاهليّة، فَيَغْنَمون، فيأخذُ الرئيسُ رُبُعَ الغَنيمةِ دون أصحابِه خالِصاً، وَذَلِكَ الرُّبُعُ يُسمّى المِرْباع. ونقلَ الجَوْهَرِيّ عَن قُطرُب: المِرْباع: الرُّبُع، والمِعْشار: العُشْر، قَالَ: وَلم يُسمَعْ فِي غيرِهما. قَالَ عَبْد الله بنُ غَنَمَةَ الضَّبِّيِّ:
(لكَ المِرْباعُ مِنْهَا والصَّفايا ... وحُكمُكَ والنَّشيطةُ والفُضولُ)
وَفِي الحَدِيث قَالَ لعَدِيّ بنِ حاتمٍ قبلَ إسلامِه: إنّك لتأكلُ المِرْباعَ وَهُوَ لَا يحِلُّ لكَ فِي دِينِك. المِرْباع: الناقةُ المُعتادةُ بِأَن تُنتَجَ فِي الرّبيع. ونَصُّ الجَوْهَرِيّ ناقةٌ مُرْبِعٌ: تُنتَجُ فِي الرّبيع، فَإِن كَانَ ذَلِك عَادَتهَا فَهِيَ مِرْباعٌ، أَو هِيَ الَّتِي تَلِدُ فِي أوّلِ النِّتاج، وَهُوَ قولُ الأَصْمَعِيّ.
وَبِه فُسِّرَ حديثُ هشامِ بنِ عبدِ المَلِكِ فِي وَصْفِ نَاقَة: إنّها لهِلْواعٌ مِرْباعٌ، مِقْراعٌ مِسْياعٌ، حَلْبَانةٌ رَكْبَانةٌ، وَقيل المِرْباع: هِيَ الَّتِي ولَدُها مَعهَا، وَهُوَ رِبْعٌ، وَقيل: هِيَ الَّتِي تُبَكِّرُ فِي الحَمل.
والأربَعَةُ فِي عددِ المُذَكَّر، والأرْبَعُ فِي عددِ المُؤنَّث، وَالْأَرْبَعُونَ فِي العددِ بعد الثَّلَاثِينَ. قَالَ اللهُ تَعَالَى: أَرْبَعينَ سَنَةً يتِيهونَ فِي الأَرْض وَقَالَ: أَرْبَعينَ لَيْلَة. والأَرْبِعاءُ من الأيّام: رابِعُ الأيّامِ من الأحَد، كَذَا فِي المُفرَدات، وَفِي اللِّسان: من الأُسبوع، لأنّ أوّل الأيّام عندَهم يَوْمُ الأحَد، بدَليل هَذِه التَّسْمِيَة، ثمّ الِاثْنَان، ثمَّ الثُّلَاثَاء، ثمّ الأَرْبِعاء، ولكنّهم اخْتَصُّوه بِهَذَا الْبناء، كَمَا اختصُّوا الدَّبَران والسِّماك لِما ذهَبوا إِلَيْهِ من الفَرْق مُثَلَّثَةَ الباءِ مَمْدُودةً. أمّا فَتْحُ الباءِ فقد حُكِيَ عَن بعضِ بَني أسَدٍ، كَمَا نَقَلَه الجَوْهَرِيّ، وَهَكَذَا ضَبَطَه أَبُو الحسنُ مُحَمَّد بنُ الْحُسَيْن الزُّبَيْديّ فِيمَا استدركَه على سِيبَوَيْهٍ فِي الأبنِيَة، وَقَالَ: هُوَ أَفْعَلاء، بفتحِ العَين. وَقَالَ الأَصْمَعِيّ: يَوْمُ الأَرْبُعاء، بالضَّمّ، لغةٌ فِي الفتحِ والكَسر. وَقَالَ الأَزْهَرِيّ: وَمن قَالَ: أَرْبِعاء حَمَلَه على أَسْعِداء،)
وهما أَرْبِعاءان، ج: أَرْبِعاءاتٌ، قَالَ الجَوْهَرِيّ: وَحكى عَن بعضِ بني أسَدٍ فتح الباءِ فِي الأربَعاءِ والتَّثْنية أَرْبَعاوان. حُمِلَ على قياسِ قَصْبَاءِ وَمَا أَشْبَهها. وَقَالَ الفَرّاءُ عَن أبي جَخادِب: تَثْنِيةُ الأربَعاءِ أَرْبَعاءان، والجَمعُ أَرْبَعاءات، ذهبَ إِلَى تذكيرِ الِاسْم. وَقَالَ اللِّحْيانيُّ: كَانَ أَبُو زِيَاد يَقُول: مضى الأَرْبَعاءُ بِمَا فِيهِ، فيُفرِدُه ويُذَكِّرُه. وَكَانَ أَبُو الجَرّاح يَقُول: مَضَتِ الأربعاءُ بِمَا فيهِنَّ، فيُؤَنِّثُ ويَجمَع، يُخرِجُه مُخرَجَ الْعدَد. وَقَالَ القُتَيْبِيّ: لم يَأْتِ أَفْعِلاء إلاّ فِي الجَمع، نَحْو أَصْدِقاء وأَنْصِباء، إلاّ حرفٌ واحدٌ لَا يُعرَفُ غيرُه، وَهُوَ الأَرْبِعاء. وَقَالَ أَبُو زَيْدٍ: وَقد جاءَ أَرْمِداء، كَمَا فِي العُباب. قَالَ شَيْخُنا: وأَفصحُ هَذِه اللُّغَاتِ الكَسرُ، قَالَ: وَحكى ابنُ هشامٍ كَسْرَ الهمزةِ مَعَ الباءِ أَيْضا، وكَسْرَ الهمزةِ وفَتحَ الْبَاء، فَفِي كلامِ المُصَنِّف قُصورٌ ظَاهر. انْتهى. قَالَ اللِّحْيانيُّ: قَعَدَ فلانٌ الأُرْبُعاءُ والأُرْبُعاوَى، بضمِّ الهمزةِ والباءِ مِنْهُمَا، أَي مُتَرَبِّعاً. وَقَالَ غيرُه: جَلَسَ الأُرْبَعا، بضمِّ الهمزةِ وفَتحِ الباءِ والقَصْر، وَهِي ضَرْبٌ من الجِلَسِ، يَعْنِي جَمْعَ جِلسَة.
وَحكى كُراع: جَلَسَ الأُرْبَعاوى، أَي مُتَرَبِّعاً، قَالَ: وَلَا نَظيرَ لَهُ. قَالَ القُتَيْبيّ: لم يَأْتِ على أُفْعُلاءِ إلاّ حرفٌ واحدٌ، قَالُوا: الأُرْبُعاء. وَهُوَ أَيْضا: عمودٌ من: عُمُدِ البِناء. قَالَ أَبُو زَيْدٍ: يُقَال: بَيْتٌ أُرْبُعاواء، على أُفْعُلاء، بالضَّمّ والمَدّ، أَي على عَمُودَيْنِ وثلاثةٍ وأربَعَةٍ وواحدةٍ، قَالَ: والبُيوتُ على طريقتَيْن وثلاثٍ وأرْبَعٍ، وطريقةٍ وَاحِدَة، فَمَا كَانَ على طريقةٍ واحدةٍ فَهُوَ خِباءٌ، وَمَا زادَ على طريقةٍ واحدةٍ فَهُوَ بَيْتٌ، والطريقةُ: العَمودُ الْوَاحِد، وكلُّ عمودٍ طريقةٌ، وَمَا كَانَ بَين عمودَيْن فَهُوَ مَتْنٌ، وَحكى ثَعْلَب: بنى بَيْتَه على الأَرْبُعاءِ وعَلى الأَرْبُعاوى وَلم يَأْتِ على هَذَا المثالِ غيرُه: إِذا بَناه على أَرْبَعةِ أَعْمِدةٍ. والربيعُ: جُزءٌ من أجزاءِ السَّنَة، وَهُوَ عِنْد العربِ رَبيعان: رَبيع ُ الشُّهور، ورَبيعُ الأَزمِنَة. فرَبيعُ الشُّهُور: شَهْرَانِ بَعْدَ صَفَر سُمِّيا بذلك لأنّهما حُدَّا فِي هَذَا الزَّمن، فلَزِمَهُما فِي غيرِه، وَلَا يُقَال فيهمَا إلاّ شَهْرُ رَبيعٍ الأوّل، وشهرُ رَبيعٍ الآخِر. وَقَالَ الأَزْهَرِيّ: العربُ تَذْكُرُ الشهورَ كلّها مُجرَّدةً، إلاّ شَهْرَيْ رَبيعٍ، وشهرَ رَمَضَان.
وأمّا ربيعُ الأزمنةِ فرَبيعان: الرَّبيعُ الأوّل وَهُوَ الفَصلُ الَّذِي يَأْتِي فِيهِ النَّوْرُ والكَمْأَة، وَهُوَ رَبيعُ الكَلإِ. والرَّبيعُ الثَّانِي، وَهُوَ الفصلُ الَّذِي تُدرِكُ فِيهِ الثِّمارُ، أَو هُوَ أَي، وَمن العربِ من يُسمّي الفَصلَ الَّذِي تُدرِكُ فِيهِ الثِّمار، وَهُوَ الخريف الرَّبيع الأوّل، ويُسمّى الفَصلَ الَّذِي يَتْلُو الشتاءَ وَيَأْتِي فِيهِ الكَمْأَةُ والنَّوْرُ الرَّبيعَ الثَّانِي، وكلُّهم مُجمِعونَ على أنّ الخريفَ هُوَ الرَّبيع. وَقَالَ أَبُو حنيفةَ: يُسمّى قِسْما الشتاءِ رَبيعَيْن: الأوّلُ مِنْهُمَا: رَبيعُ الماءِ والأمطار، وَالثَّانِي: ربيعُ النَّباتِ)
لأنّ فِيهِ يَنْتَهي النباتُ مُنتَهاه. قَالَ: والشتاءُ كلُّه رَبيعٌ عِنْد العربِ لأجلِ النَّدى. وَقَالَ أَبُو ذُؤَيْبٍ الهُذَلِيّ يصفُ ظَبْيَةً:
(بِهِ أَبْلَتْ شَهْرَيْ رَبيعٍ كِلَيْهِما ... فَقَدْ مارَ فِيهَا نَسْؤُها واقْتِرارُها)
بِهِ أَي بِهَذَا الْمَكَان. أَبْلَتْ: جَزَأَتْ. أَو السنةُ عِنْد العربِ سِتّةُ أَزْمِنةٍ: شَهْرَانِ مِنْهَا الرَّبيعُ الأوّل، وشَهْرَانِ صَيْفٌ، وشَهْرَانِ قَيْظٌ، وشَهْرَانِ الرَّبيعُ الثَّانِي، وشَهْرَانِ خريفٌ، وشَهْرَان شِتاءٌ، هَكَذَا نَقَلَه الجَوْهَرِيّ عَن أبي الغَوْث. وأنشدَ لسَعدِ بنِ مالكِ بنِ ضُبَيْعةَ:
(إنّ بَنِيَّ صِبْيَةٌ صَيْفِيُّونْ ... أَفْلَحَ مَن كَانَ لَهُ رِبْعِيُّونْ)رَبيعٌ: صَحابِيُّون، رَضِي الله عَنْهُم. رِبْعِيُّ بنُ حِراشٍ: تابعِيٌّ يُقَال: أَدركَ الجاهليَّةَ، وأَكْثَرَ الصَّحابة، تقدَّم ذِكرُه فِي حر) ش. وَكَذَا ذِكْرُ أَخَوَيهِ مَسعود والرَّبيع. روَى مَسعودٌ عَن أَبي حُذَيْفَةَ، وأَخوه الَّذِي تكلَّمَ بعدَ المَوْتِ، فَكَانَ الأَولَى ذِكرَه عِنْد أَخيهِ، والتَّنويهَ بشأْنِهِ لأَجل هَذِه النُّكْتَةِ، وَهُوَ أَوْلَى من ذِكْرِ مِرْبَع بأَنَّه كانَ أَعمى مُنافِقاً. فتأَمَّلْ. ورِبْعِيَّةُ القَومِ: مِيرَتُهم أَوَّل الشتاءِ، وَقيل: الرِّبْعِيَّة: مِيرَةُ الرَّبيع، وَهِي أَوَّل المِيَرِ، ثمَّ الصَّيفِيَّةُ، ثمَّ الدّفَئِيَّة، ثمَّ الرَّمَضِيَّةُ. وجَمْعُ الرَّبيعِ: أَرْبِعاءُ، وأَرْبِعَةٌ، مثلُ نَصيبٍ، وأَنصِباءَ، وأَنصِبَةٍ، نَقله الجَوْهَرِيّ. يُجمَعُ أَيضاً على رِباعٍ، عَن أَبي حَنيفَةَ، أَو جَمْعُ رَبيعِ الكَلأِ أَرْبِعَةٌ، وجَمْعُ ربيعِ الجَداوِلِ، جَمْعَ جَدْوَلٍ، وَهُوَ النَّهر الصَّغير، كَمَا سيأْتي للمصنِّف أَربِعاءُ، وَهَذَا قولُ ابْن السِّكِّيت، كَمَا نقلَه الجَوْهَرِيّ، وَمِنْه الحَدِيث أَنَّهم كَانُوا يُكرُونَ الأَرْضَ بِمَا يَنْبُتُ على الأَرْبِعاءِ، فنُهِيَ عَن ذَلِك. أَي كَانُوا يُكرُونَ الأَرضَ بشيءٍ مَعلومٍ، ويَشترطون بعدَ ذلكَ على مُكتَريها مَا يَنْبُتُ على الأَنهار والسَّواقي. أَمّا إكْراؤُها بدراهِمَ أَو طَعامٍ مَسمَّىً، فَلَا بأْسَ بذلكَ. وَفِي حديثٍ آخر: أَنَّ أَحدَهم كَانَ يشترِطُ ثلاثةَ جَداوِلَ، والقُصارَةَ، وَمَا سَقى الرَّبيع، فنُهوا عَن ذَلِك. وَفِي حَدِيث سهل بنِ سَعدٍ: كَانَت لنا عَجوزٌ تأْخُذُ من أُصولِ سِلْقٍ كنَّا نَغرِسُه على أَرْبِعائِنا. ويَوْمُ الرَّبيعِ: من أَيّام الأَوسِ والخَزْرَج، نُسِبَ إِلَى مَوضِع بالمدينةِ من نَوَاحِيهَا. قَالَ قيس بن الخَطيمِ:
(ونَحْنُ الفَوارِسُ يومَ الرَّبي ... عِ قد عَلِموا كيفَ فُرْسانُها) وأَبو الرَّبيعِ: كُنيَةُ الهُدْهُدِ، لأَنَّه يَظْهَرُ بظُهورِهِ، وكُنيَةُ جَماعَةٍ من التَّابِعين والمُحَدِّثين، بل وَفِي الصَّحابَةِ رَجُلٌ اسْمه أَبو الرَّبيعِ، وَهُوَ الَّذِي اشْتَكَى فعادَه النَّبيُّ صلّى الله عَلَيْهِ وسلَّم، وأَعطاه خَميصَةً. أَخرَج حديثَه النِّسائيّ. وَمن التَّابعين: أَبو الرَّبيع المَدَنيّ، حديثُه فِي الكُوفِيّينَ، روَى عَن أَبي هُريْرَةَ، وَعنهُ علقَمَةُ بنُ مَرْثَدٍ. وَمن المُحَدِّثينَ: أَبو الرَّبيعِ المَهْرِيُّ الرَّشْدينِيّ، هُوَ سليمانُ بنُ داوودَ بنِ حَمَّادِ بنِ عَبْد الله بنِ وَهْبٍ، روَى عَنهُ أَبو داوودَ. وأَبو الرَّبيع الزَّهرانِيّ، اسمُه سليمانُ بنُ داوودَ، عَن حَمَّادِ بنِ زَيْدٍ، وَعنهُ البُخارِيُّ ومسلِمٌ. وأَبو الرَّبيعِ السَّمّان، اسمُه أَشْعَثُ بنُ سعيد، روَى عَن عاصِمِ بنِ عُبَيدٍ، وَعنهُ وَكِيعٌ. ضَعَّفُوه. والرَّبيعُ، كأَميرٍ: سَبعةٌ صَحابِيُّون، وهم: الرَّبيعُ بنُ عَدِيِّ بنِ مالِكٍ الأَنصارِيّ، شَهِدَ أُحُداً، قَالَه ابنُ سَعْدٍ، والرَّبيع بنُ قارِبٍ العَبْسِيّ، لَهُ وِفادَةٌ، ذكرَه الغسَّانِيّ، والرَّبيع بنُ مُطَرِّفٍ التَّميميّ الشَّاعِر، شَهِدَ فتحَ دِمشقَ، والرَّبيع بنُ النُّعمان بنِ يَساف، قَالَه العديّ، والرَّبيع بن النُّعمان أَنصارِيٌّ أُحُدِيٌّ، ذكرَه الأَشيريّ. والرَّبيع بن سهل بن الْحَارِث الأَوْسِيّ الظَّفَرِيّ، شهدَ أُحُداً. والرَّبيع بن ضَبُعٍ)
الفَزارِيّ، قَالَه ابنُ الجَوْزِيّ، عاشَ ثلاثمائةٍ وستِّينَ سنة، مِنْهَا سِتُّونَ فِي الْإِسْلَام، فهؤلاءِ السَّبْعَةُ الذينَ أَشارَ إِلَيْهِم. وأَمّا الرَّبيع بن مَحْمُود الماردِينيّ فإنَّه كَذَّابٌ، ظهَرَ فِي حُدودِ سنة تِسْعٍ وتِسعين وَخَمْسمِائة، وادَّعَى الصُّحْبَةَ، فلْيُحْذَرْ مِنْهُ.المَطَرُ يكونُ بعدَ الوَسْمِيِّ، وَبعده الصَّيْف، ثمَّ الحَميمُ. وَقَالَ أَبو حنيفَة: والمَطَرُ عندَهم رَبيعٌ مَتى جاءَ، والجَمْعُ أَرْبِعَةٌ، ورِباعٌ. وَقَالَ الأَزْهَرِيّ: وسَمِعْتُ العَرَب يَقُولُونَ لأَوَّل مَطَرٍ يَقع بالأَرضِ أَيّام الخريف: رَبيعٌ، وَيَقُولُونَ إِذا وقَعَ رَبيعٌ بالأَرضِ بَعَثْنا الرُّوَّادَ، وانْتَجَعْنا مَساقِطَ الغَيْثِ. قَالَ ابْن دُرَيد: الرَّبيعُ: الحَظُّ من الماءِ للأرضِ مَا كانَ، وَقيل: هُوَ الحَظُّ مِنْهُ رُبْعَ يَومٍ أَو ليلَةٍ، وَلَيْسَ بالقَوِيِّ. يُقالُ: لفلانٍ مِنْ، وَفِي بعضِ النُّسَخ: فِي هَذَا المَاء رَبيعٌ، أَي حَظٌّ. الرَّبيعُ: الجَدْوَلُ، وَهُوَ النَّهر الصَّغير، وَهُوَ السَّعيدُ أَيضاً. وَفِي الحَدِيث: فعَدَلَ إِلَى الرَّبيعِ فتَطَهَّرَ. وَفِي حديثٍ آخرَ: بِمَا يَنْبُتُ على رَبيعِ السَّاقِي، هَذَا من إِضَافَة الموصوفِ إِلَى الصِّفَةِ، أَي النَّهر الَّذِي)
يسْقِي الزَّرْعَ، وأَنشدَ الأَصمعيُّ قَول الشَّاعِر:
(فُوهُ رَبيعٌ وكَفُّهُ قَدَحٌ ... وبَطْنُهُ حينَ يَتَّكِي شَرَبَهْ)

(يَسَّاقَطُ النّاسُ حَولَهُ مَرَضاً ... وَهُوَ صَحيحٌ مَا إنْ بهِ قَلَبَهْ)
أَرادَ بقولِه: فُوهُ ربيعٌ، أَي نَهْرٌ، لكَثرةِ شُرْبِه، والجَمْعُ أَربِعاءُ. الرَّبيعَةُ، بهاءٍ: حَجَرٌ تُمْتَحَنُ بإشالَتِهِ، ويُجَرِّبونَ بِهِ القُوَى، وَقيل: الرَّبيعة: الحَجَر المَرفوع، وَقيل: الَّذِي يُشالُ. قَالَ الأَزْهَرِيّ: يُقال ذَلِك فِي الحَجَر خاصَّةً. الرَّبيعَةُ: بَيْضَةُ الحَديدِ، وأَنشدَ الليثُ: رَبيعَتُه تَلوحُ لَدَى الهِياجِ قَالَ ابْن الأَعرابيّ: الرَّبيعة: الرَّوْضَة.رَبيعَةُ: ثلاثونَ صحابِيَّاً رَضِي الله عَنْهُم، وهُم: رَبِيعة بن أَكثم، وَرَبِيعَة بن الحارثِ الأوسي وَرَبِيعَة بن الحارثِ الأَسْلَمِيّ، وَرَبِيعَة بن الْحَارِث بن عبد المُطَّلب، وَرَبِيعَة بن حُبَيْشٍ، وَرَبِيعَة خَادِم رَسُول الله صلّى الله عَلَيْهِ وسلَّم، وَرَبِيعَة بن خِراش، وربيعةُ بن أَبي خَرَشَةَ، ورَبيعَةُ بن خُويلد، وربعةُ بنُ رُفَيْعِ بن أَهبانِ، ورَبيعةُ بن رُواء العَنَسِيّ، وَرَبِيعَة بنُ رُفَيْعٍ يأْتي ذِكره فِي رفع وَرَبِيعَة بن رَوْحٍ، وربيعةُ بن زُرْعَةَ،)
وَرَبِيعَة بن زيادٍ، وربيعةُ بن سَعدٍ، وَرَبِيعَة بن السَّكَن ورَبيعة بن يَسارٍ، وَرَبِيعَة بن شرحبيلَ، وَرَبِيعَة بن عامِرٍ، وربيعةُ بن عِبادٍ وربيعةُ بن عَبْد الله، وربيعةُ بن عُثمانَ، وربيعةُ بن عَمروٍ الثَّقفيُّ، وربيعةُ بنُ عَمْروٍ الجُهَنِيُّ، وربيعةُ بنُ عَيْدانَ، وربيعةُ بن الفِراسِ، وربيعَةُ بنُ الفَضْلِ، وربيعةُ بنُ قَيْسٍ، وربيعةُ بن كَعْبٍ. والرَّبائع: أَعلامٌ مُتَقاوِدَةٌ قُربَ سَميراءَ، وسَميراءُ: من مَنازل حاجِّ الْكُوفَة. قَالَ الشَّاعر:
(جَبَلٌ يَزيدُ على الجِبالِ إِذا بَدا ... بينَ الرَّبائعِ والجُثومِ مُقيمُ)
والرُّبْع، بالضَّمِّ، ويُثَقَّلُ، فيقالُ: الرُّبُعُ بضمَّتين، مثالُ عُسْرٍ وعُسُرٍ، نَقله الجَوْهَرِيّ هَكَذَا. يُقال أَيضاً: الرَّبيع، كأَميرٍ، كالعَشيرِ والعُشْرُ: جُزءٌ من أَربَعَةٍ، يَطَّرِدُ ذَلِك فِي هَذِه الكَسورِ عندَ بعضِهم. قَالَ الله تَعَالَى: وَلَهُنَّ الرُّبُعُ مِمّا تَرَكْتُمْ. وجَمْعُ الرَّبيعِ رُبُعٌ، بضمَّتين، وجَمْعُ الرُّبْعِ، بلُغَتَيْهِ: أَرْباعٌ ورُبوعٌ. الرُّبَعُ، كصُرَدٍ: الفَصيل يُنْتَجُ فِي الرَّبيع، وَهُوَ أولُ النَّتاجِ، ورَبَعَ، أَي وَسَّعَ خَطْوَهُ وعَدا. قَالَ الأَعشى يصف ناقتَه:
(تَلوِي بعِذْقِ خِصابٍ كُلَّما خَطَرَتْ ... عَن فَرْجِ مَعقُومَةٍ لمْ تَتَّبِعْ رُبَعا)
ج: رِباعٌ، وأَرباعٌ، كرُطَبٍ ورِطابٍ وأَرطاب، وَهِي بهاءٍ، ج: رُبَعاتٌ ورِباعٌ، قَالَ الرَّاجِز:
(وعُلْبَةٍ نازَعْتُها رِباعِي ... وعُلْبَة عندَ مَقيلِ الرَّاعي)
وَفِي الحَدِيث: مُرِي بَنيكِ أَنْ يُحْسِنوا غِذاءَ رِباعِهم وإحسانُ الغِذاءِ أَلاّ يُسْتَقْصَى حَلَبُ أُمَّهاتِها، إبْقَاء عَلَيْهَا. وَقَالَ الشَّاعِر:
(سَوفَ تَكفي من حُبِّهِنَّ فَتاةٌ ... تَرْبُقُ البَهْمَ أَو تَخُلُّ الرِّباعا)
أَي تَخُلُّ اَلْسِنَةَ الفِصالِ، تَشُقَّها وتَجعلُ فِيهَا عُوداً، لئلاّ تَرْضَعَ. وَمعنى تَرْبُق، أَي تَشُدُّ البَهْمَ عَن أُمَّهاتِها لئلاّ تَرْضَعَ، ولئلاّ تَفَرَّقَ، فكأَنَّ هَذِه الفتاةَ تَخدُمُ البَهْمَ والفِصالَ. والرِّباعُ فِي جَمعِ رُبَعٍ شاذٌّ، وكذلكَ أَرْباعٌ، لأَنَّ سِيبَوَيْهٍ قَالَ: إنَّ حُكْمَ فُعَلٍ أَنْ يُكَسَّرَ على فِعْلانٍ فِي غَالب الأَمْرِ. فَإِذا نُتِجَ فِي آخر النِّتاجِ فهُبَعٌ، وَهِي هُبَعَةٌ، وَمِنْه قولُهم: مَا لَهُ هُبَعٌ وَلَا رُبَعٌ، وسيأْتي فِي موضعِه، وإنَّما تعرَّضَ لَهُ هُنَا اسْتِطْراداً على خِلاف عادَتِهِ. ورِبْعٌ، بالكَسْر: رَجُلٌ من هُذَيْلٍ، ثمَّ من بني حارثٍ، وَهُوَ والِدُ عبدِ مَنافٍ، ويُقال: عَبد مَناةَ، أَحَدِ شُعراءِ هُذَيْلٍ. قَالَ ساعِدَةُ:
(مَاذَا يُفيدُ ابْنَتِي رِبْعٍ عَويلُهُما ... لَا تَرْقُدانِ وَلَا بُؤْسَى لِمَنْ رَقَدا)
والرِّباعَةُ، بِالْفَتْح، وتُكسَرُ: شَأْنُكَ. وَقيل: حالُكَ الَّتِي أَنْتَ رابِعٌ، أَي مُقيمٌ علَيْها، والمُرادُ بِهِ أَمرُه)
الأَوَّلُ. قَالَ يَعْقُوب: وَلَا تكونُ فِي غير حُسْنِ الحالِ، أَو على رَباعَتِكَ، أَي طريقَتِكَ، أَو اسْتِقامَتِكَ. وَفِي كِتَابه للمهاجِرينَ والأَنصار: إنَّهم أُمَّةٌ واحِدَةٌ على رَباعَتِهِم، أَي على اسْتِقامَتهم، يريدُ أَنَّهم على أَمرهِم الَّذِي كَانُوا عَلَيْهِ. رَباعَتُكَ: قبيلَتُكَ أَو فَخِذُكَ، أَو يُقَال: هُمْ على رَباعَتِهم، بِالْفَتْح، ويُكْسَرُ، ورَباعِهِم، ورَبَعاتِهم، محرَّكَةً، ورَبِعاتِهم، ككَتِفٍ، ورَبِعَتِهِمْ، كعِنَبَةٍ، أَي حالةٍ حَسَنةٍ من اسْتِقامَتِهمْ. أَو أَمْرُهُم الَّذِي كَانُوا عَلَيْهِ أَوّلاً، ورَبَعاتِهِمْ، مُحَرَّكَة، وتُكسَر الْبَاء أَي منازِلُهُم، عَن ثَعْلَبٍ. وَقَالَ الفرَّاءُ: النّاسُ على سكَناتِهم ونَزَلاتِهم، ورَباعَتِهم، ورَبَعاتِهم، يَعْنِي على اسْتِقامَتِهِم. ووَقَعَ فِي كتابِ رَسُول الله صلّى الله عَلَيْهِ وسلَّم لِيَهُودَ: على رِبْعَتِهِمْ بالكَسْر، هَكَذَا وُجِدَ فِي سيرة ابْن إسحاقَ، وعَلى ذلكَ فَسَّرَه ابنُ هشامٍ. والرِّباعة، بالكَسر: نَحوٌ من الحِمالَةِ. وَهُوَ على رِباعَةِ قومِه، أَي سيِّدُهم. ويقالُ: مَا فِي بني فُلانٍ مَنْ يَضْبطُ رِباعَتَهُ غيرُ فلانٍ، أَي أَمْرَهُ وشأْنَهُ الَّذِي عَلَيْهِ. وَقَالَ أَبو الْقَاسِم الأَصبهانِيّ: استُعيرَ الرِّباعةُ للرِّياسَةِ اعْتِبَارا بأَخْذِ المِرْباع، فَقيل: لَا يُقيمُ رِباعَةَ القَوْمِ غيرُ فلانٍ. وَقَالَ الأَخطل يَمدَح مَصْقَلَةَ بنَ رَبيعَةَ:
(مَا فِي مَعَدٍّ فَتىً تُغْنِي رِباعَتُهُ ... إِذا يَهُمُّ بِأَمْرٍ صالِحٍ عَمِلا)
والرَّبْعَةُ، بِالْفَتْح: الجُونَةُ، جُونَة العَطَّارِ، وَفِي حَدِيث هِرَقْلَ: ثُمَّ دَعَا بشيءٍ كالرَّبْعَةِ العَظيمَةِ، الرَّبْعَةُ: إناءٌ مُرَبَّعٌ كالجُونَةِ. قَالَ الأَصبهانيّ: سُمِّيَتْ لكونِها فِي الأَصلِ ذاتَ أَرْبَعِ طاقاتٍ، أَو لكونِها ذاتَ أَرْبَعِ أَرْجُل، وَقَالَ خَلَفُ بنُ خليفَةَ:
(وَقد كانَ أَفضَلَ مَا فِي يديكَ ... مَحاجِمُ نُضِّدْنَ فِي رَبْعَه)
قَالَ الصَّاغانِيُّ: أَمَّا الرَّبْعَةُ بمَعنى صُندوق فِيهِ أَجزاء المُصْحَفِ الْكَرِيم، فإنَّ هَذِه مُوَلَّدَةٌ لَا تَعرِفُها العَرَب، بل هِيَ اصطِلاحُ أَهل بغدادََ، أَو كأَنَّها مأْخوذَةٌ من الأُولَى، وَإِلَيْهِ مالَ الزَّمخشريّ فِي الأَساس. الرَّبْعَةُ: حَيٌّ من الأَسَدِ، بِسُكُون السِّين، وهم بَنو الرَّبْعَةِ بنِ عَمروٍ مُزَيْقِياءَ، قَالَه شيخُ الشَّرَفِ النَّسَّابَةُ. مِنْهُم أَبو الجَوزاءِ أَوسُ بنُ عَبْد اللهِ الرَّبْعِيُّ التّابِعِيُّ، روَى عَن ابنِ عبّاس، وَعنهُ عَمرو بن مالكٍ اليَشْكُرِيّ، وَقد تقدَّم ذِكرُه فِي جوز، هَكَذَا ضبطَه ابنُ نُقطَةَ بتسْكين الباءِ، نقلا عَن خَطِّ مُؤتَمَنٍ السَّاجِيّ، وخالفَه ابْن السَّمعانِيّ، فضبطَه بالتَّحريكِ، وتَبِعَهُ ابْن الأَثيرِ. قلْتُ: وَهَكَذَا رأَيته بخَطِّ ابْن المُهندس مُحرَّكَةً، وَكَذَلِكَ هُوَ مَضبوطٌ فِي المُقدِّمَة الفاضِليَّة بخطِّ الإِمَام المُحَدِّث عبد القادِرِ التَّميمِيّ، رَحمَه الله تَعَالَى. الرَّبْعَةُ، بالتَّحريكِ: أَشَدُّ الجَرْيِ، أَو أَشَدُّ عَدْوِ الإبلِ، أَو ضَرْبٌ من عَدْوِهِ وليسَ بالشَّديد، وبالمعنى الثَّانِي فُسِّرَ قولُ) أَبي دُوَادٍ الرُّؤاسِيّ فِيمَا أَنشدَه الأَصمعيّ:
(واعْرَوْرَتِ العُلُطَ العُرْضِيَّ تَرْكُضُه ... أُمُّ الفوارِسِ بالدِّئدَاءِ والرَّبَعَهْ)
وَفِي اللِّسَان: وَهَذَا البيتُ يُضرَبُ مثَلاً فِي شِدَّة الأَمر، يَقُول: رَكِبَتْ هَذِه المَرأَةُ الَّتِي لَهَا بنونَ فوارِسُ بَعيراً من عُرْضِ الإبِلِ لَا مِنْ خِيارِها. وَفِي العُبابِ: قَالَ ابْن دُريد: يَقُول: إنَّ هَذِه قد أُغيرَ عَلَيْهَا فرَكِبَتْ من الدَّهَشِ بَعيراً عُلُطاً بِلَا خِطامٍ، فحمَلَتْهُ على الدِّئْداءِ والرَّبَعَةِ، وهما أَشَدُّ العَدْوِ، وبَنُوها فَوارِسُ لَمْ يَحموها، فَإِذا كَانَت أُمُّ الفَوارِسِ هَذِه حالُها، فغيرُها أَسْوأُ حَالا مِنْهَا.
الرَّبَعَةُ: حَيٌّ من الأَزْدِ. قَالَ ابنُ دُريد: الرَّبَعَة: المَسافَةُ بينَ أَثافِي القِدْرِ الَّتِي يَجتَمِعُ فِيهَا الجَمْرُ، قَالَ: وذَكَروا عَن الخَليل أَنَّه قَالَ: كَانَ مَعنا أَعرابِيٌ على خِوانٍ، فَقُلْنَا: مَا الرَّبْعَةُ: فأدْخَلَ يَدَهُ تحتَ الِخِوانِ فَقَالَ: بَين هذهِ القوائمِ رَبَعَةٌ. والرَّوْبَعُ، كجَوْهَرٍ: الضَّعيفُ الدنيءُ، قَالَه ابْن دُريدٍ، وأَنشدَ لرُؤْبَةَ: على إسْتِه رَوْبَعَةً أَو رَوْبَعا الرَّوْبَعَةُ، بهاءٍ: القصيرُ من الرِّجالِ، وتصَحَّفَ على الجَوْهَرِيّ فجعلَها زَوْبَعاً، بالزَّاي، وسيأْتي إِن شَاءَ الله تَعَالَى. فِي زبع، ثمَّ إنَّ ابنَ برِّي قَالَ: ذَكَرَه ابنُ دُرَيدٍ والجَوْهَرِيّ بالزَّاي، وصوابُه بالرَّاءِ، قَالَ: وَكَذَلِكَ فِي شِعرِ رُؤْبَةَ، وفُسِّرَ بأَنَّه القصيرُ الحَقيرُ، وَهَكَذَا أَنشدَه ابْن السِّكِّيت أَيضاً بالرَّاءِ، فتأَمّلْ. قيل: الرَّوْبَعَةُ فِي شِعرِ رُؤْبَةَ هُوَ قِصَرُ العُرقُوبِ، أَو أَصلُ الرَّوْبَعَةِ: داءٌ يأْخُذُ الفِصالَ كأَنَّها صُرِعَتْ، وَهَذَا الدَّاءُ بهَا، فلذلكَ نَصَبَ رَوْبَعَةً، يُقَال: أَخذَه رَوْبَعَةٌ ورَوْبَعٌ، أَي سُقوطٌ من مَرَضٍ وغيرِه. قَالَ جَريرٌ:
(كانتْ قُفيْرَةُ باللِّقاحِ مُرِبَّةً ... تَبكي إِذا أَخَذَ الفَصيلَ الرَّوْبَعُ)
واليَرْبُوعُ واحِدُ اليَرابيعِ، والياءُ زائدةٌ، لأَنَّه لَيْسَ فِي كلامِ العربِ فَعلولٌ سِوى مَا نَدَرَ، مثلَ صَعْفُوقٍ. قَالَه كُراع: دابَّةٌ، م، وَهِي فَأْرَةٌ لجُحْرِها أَربَعَةُ أَبوابٍ. وَقَالَ الأَزْهَرِيّ: دُوَيْبةٌ فوقَ الجُرَذِ، الذَّكَرُ والأُنثى فِيهِ سَواءٌ. منَ المَجاز: اليَرْبُوع: لَحْمَةُ المَتْنِ، على التَّشْبِيه بالفأْرَةِ، أَو هِيَ بالضَّمِّ، أَو يَرابيعُ المَتْنِ: لحَماتُه، لَا واحِدَ لَهَا، قَالَ الأَزْهَرِيّ: لمْ أَسمعْ لَهَا بواحِدٍ، يُقال: مَرَّ تَنْزُو حَرابِيُّ مَتْنِهِ ويَرابيعُهُ، وَهِي لحَماتُ المَتْنِ. ويَرْبوعُ بنُ حَنظَلَةَ بنِ مالِك بن عَمْرو بن تميمٍ: أَبو حَيٍّ من تَميمٍ، مِنهم: مُتَمِمُ بنُ نُوَيْرَةَ اليَربُوعِيُّ الصَّحابِيُّ وأَخوه مالكٌ، وَقد تقدَّم ذِكرُه فِي نور. يَرْبوعُ بنُ غَيْظ بنِ مُرَّةَ: أَبُو بَطْنٍ من مُرَّةَ بنِ عَوْفِ بنِ سَعْدِ بن ذُبْيانَ، مِنْهُم)
الحارثُ بنُ ظالمِ المُرِّيُّ اليَرْبوعِيُّ، نَقله الجَوْهَرِيّ. قَالَ ابْن الأَعْرابِيّ: الرَّبَّاع: كشَدّادٍ: الكثيرُ شِراءِ الرِّبَاع، وَهِي المَنازل. قد سَمَّوْا رُبَيْعاً، كزُبَيْرٍ، ورَبْعَانَ، مثل سَحْبَان. وكتصغيرِ رَبيعٍ، كأَميرٍ، الرُّبَيِّعُ بنتُ مُعَوِّذ بنِ عَفْرَاء، بايعَتْ تحتَ الشَّجَرَة. الرُّبَيِّعُ بنتُ حارِثةَ بنِ سِنانٍ الخُدْرِيَّة، من المُبايِعات، ذَكَرَها الواقِديُّ، الرُّبَيِّعُ بنتُ الطُّفَيْلِ بنِ النعمانِ بن خنساءَ بنِ سِنانٍ، من المُبايِعات، الرُّبَيِّعُ بنتُ النَّضْر، عمَّةُ أَنَس بنِ مالكٍ، أمُّ الرُّبَيِّعِ وَهِي أمُّ حارثةَ بنِ سُراقَة، وَهِي الَّتِي قَالَ لَهَا النبيُّ صلّى الله عَلَيْهِ وسلَّم: يَا أمَّ الرُّبَيِّعِ كتابُ اللهِ القِصَاص، حِين كَسَرَتْ ثَنِيَّةَ حارثةَ، فَطَلَبوا القِصاصَ، وَقد وقعَ لنا هَذَا الحديثُ عالِياً فِي ثُمانِيات النَّجيب، وَفِي عُشارِياتِ الحافظِ بنِ حَجَرِ: صَحابِيَّاتٌ، رَضِيَ الله عنهُنَّ. وعبدُ الْعَزِيز بنُ الرُّبَيْع أَبُو العَوّام الباهليُّ، بَصْرِيٌّ، وابنُه رُبَيِّعُ بن عبد الْعَزِيز: مُحدِّثان، روى عبد العزيزِ عَن عَطاءِ بنِ أبي رَباحٍ، وَعنهُ النَّضْرُ بنُ شُمَيْلٍ، وغيرُه. وفاتَه: مُحَمَّد بنُ عليّ بن الرُّبَيِّعِ السُّلَميُّ، روى عَنهُ سُفيانُ بن عُيَيْنة. وبِهاءٍ: رُبَيِّعَةُ بنُ حِصن بنِ مُدْلِجِ بنِ حِصْنِ بن كَعْبِ، كَانَ اسمُه رَبيعة، فصَغَّرَ اسمَه، وَقَالَ:
(ولكنِّي رُبَيِّعَةُ بنُ حِصْنٍ ... فقد عَلِمَ الفَوارِسُ مَا مَثابي)
رُبَيِّعةُ بنُ عبدِ بنِ أَسْعَدَ بنِ جَذِيمَةَ بنِ مالكِ بنِ نَصْرِ بن قُعَيْنٍ الأسَديّ: شاعِران وابنُه ذُؤاب بنُ رُبَيِّعةَ بنِ عَبْدٍ، قاتِلُ عُتَيْبةَ بنِ الحارثِ بنِ شِهاب. وعَبْد الله بنُ رُبَيِّعةَ بن فَرْقَدٍ السُّلَميّ الكُوفيّ، مُختَلَفٌ فِي صُحبَتِه، قَالَ شُعبةُ وَحْدَه: لَهُ صُحبةٌ، وَله حديثٌ فِي سُنَنِ النَّسائيّ، وروى أَيْضا عَن ابنِ مَسْعُودٍ وعُبَيْد اللهِ بنِ خالدٍ، وعُتْبَةَ بنِ فَرْقَدٍ، وَعنهُ عَطاءُ بن السَّائِب، ومالكُ بنُ الْحَارِث وعبدُ الرحمنِ بن أبي لَيْلَى، وعَمْرُو بنُ مَيْمُونٍ، وعليُّ ابنُ الأَقْمَر، وابنُ ابنِ أَخِيه مَنْصُورُ بنُ المُعتَمِرِ بنِ عَتّابِ بنِ رُبَيِّعةَ، وغَيرُهم. وفاتَه: رُبَيِّعةُ بن حَزْنٍ العُقَيْليّ، من أجدادِ رافِعِ بن مقلدٍ، وعَبْد الله بنُ حبيبِ بنِ رُبَيِّعةَ السُّلَميّ أَبُو عبد الرَّحْمَن التابعيّ الْمَشْهُور، ضَبَطَه فِي تَهْذِيب الكمالِ هَكَذَا. قلتُ: وَهَذَا روى عَن عليٍّ، وَعنهُ عَلْقَمةُ بنُ مَرْثَدٍ. وكزُبَيْرٍ: رُبَيْعُ بن قُزَيْعٍ، بالزايِ كَمَا ضَبطه الْحَافِظ، الغَطَفانيّ: تابعيٌّ، عَن ابنِ عمر، وَقيل فِيهِ: كأميرٍ. رُبَيْع بنُ الحارثِ بنِ عَمْرِو بن كَعْبِ بن سَعْدِ بن زَيْدِ مَناة بن تَميمٍ: شاعرٌ جاهليٌّ. رُبَيْع بنُ عمروٍ التَّيْميُّ جدّ مِحجَنِ بنِ سَلامةَ بنِ دَجاجةَ بن عَبْدِ قَيْسِ بن امرئِ القَيس بنِ عَلْبَاءَ بن رُبَيْع، وَكَانَ دَجاجةُ أَيْضا شَاعِرًا، وَمن ذُرَيِّةِ رُبَيْعِ بن عمروٍ أَيْضا: النعمانُ بنُ مالكِ بن الْحَارِث، كَانَت)
مَعَه رايةُ الرِّباب يَوْمَ الكُلاب، ومُزاحِمُ بنِ عِلاجِ بن مَالك بن الْحَارِث، كَانَ شَريفاً بالكُوفة، وَقد تقدّم ذِكرُه فِي جسس والشيخُ القائلُ:
(أَلا أَبْلِغْ بَنِيَّ بَني رُبَيْعٍ ... فَأَشْرارُ البَنينَ لكُم فِداءُ)
الأبياتُ الخمسةُ المَشهورة. وَمن ذُرِّيَتِه حَنْظَلةُ بن عَرادَةَ الشَّاعِر فِي أيّامِ بَني أُمَيّة. وفاتَه: رُبَيْع بنُ عامرِ بن صُبْح بن عَدِيِّ بن قَيْسِ بن الحارثِ بن فِهْرٍ، من ولَدِه إبراهيمُ بنُ عليّ بن مُحَمَّد بن سَلَمَةَ بن عامرِ بن هَرَمَةَ بنِ هُذَيْل بن رُبَيْع الشاعرُ المَشهور، وَسَيَأْتِي ذكره فِي هرم.
ورُبَيْع بن أَصْرَمَ بن خارِجَةَ العَنْبَريّ: شاعرٌ ذَكَرَه الآمِديُّ. واختُلِفَ فِي رُبَيْع بنِ ضَبُعٍ الفَزاريِّ أحَدِ المُعَمِّرين، وَهُوَ الْقَائِل:
(إِذا جاءَ الشِّتاءُ فَأَدْفِئوني ... فإنَّ الشيخَ يُهرِمُه الشِّتاءُ)
فَقيل: هَكَذَا مُصَغَّراً، وَقيل: كأَميرٍ، وَقد تقدّم ذِكرُه فِي الصَّحابةِ فِيمَن اسمُه رَبيعٌ، كأميرٍ.
ورُباع، بالضَّمّ، مَعْدُولٌ من أَرْبَعةٍ أَرْبَعةٍ. وقَوْله تَعالى: مَثْنَى وثُلاثَ ورُبَاع، أَي أَرْبَعاً أَرْبَعاً، فَعَدَله، فَلذَلِك تُرِكَ صَرْفُه أَي للعَدْلِ والتعريف. قَالَ ابنُ جِنّيّ: وقرأَ الأعمشُ: مَثْنَى وثُلاثَ ورُبَعَ كزُفَر، على إرادةِ رُبَاع، فَحَذَف الألِفَ. والرَّباعِيَةُ، كَثَمَانِيَة: السِّنُّ الَّتِي بَيْنَ الثَّنِيَّةِ والناب، وَهِي إِحْدَى الْأَسْنَان الأربعةِ الَّتِي تلِي الثَّنايا، تكونُ للإنسانِ وغَيرِه، ج رَبَاعِيَاتٌ. وَقَالَ الأَصْمَعِيّ: للإنسانِ من فَوْقٍ ثَنِيَّتَان، ورَباعِيَتانِ بَعْدَهما، ونابان، وضاحِكان، وستّةُ أرحاءٍ من كلّ جانبٍ، وناجِذان، وَكَذَلِكَ من أَسْفَل. قَالَ أَبُو زَيْدٍ: يُقال لكلِّ خُفٍّ وظِلْفٍ ثَنِيَّتانِ من أسفلَ فَقَط، وأمّا الحافِرُ والسِّباعُ كلهَا فلهَا أَرْبَعُ ثَنايا، وللحافرِ بعدَ الثَّنايا أَرْبَعُ رَباعِيَاتٍ، وأَرْبَعةُ قَوارِح، وأَرْبَعةُ أَنْيَابٍ، وثَمانِيةُ أَضْرَاس. وَيُقَال للَّذي يُلقيها أَي يُلقي رَباعِيَتَه: رَبَاعٍ، كَثَمَانٍ، فَإِذا نَصَبْتَ أَتْمَمْتَ، وقلتَ: رَكِبْتُ بِرْذَوْناً رَباعِياً وَفِي الحَدِيث: لم أَجِدْ إلاّ جَمَلاً خِيَاراً رَبَاعِياً.
قَالَ العَجّاج يصفُ حِماراً وَحْشِيّاً:
(كأنَّ تَحْتِي أَخْدَرِيّاً أَحْقَبا ... رَباعِياً مُرْتَبِعاً أَو شَوْقَبا)
وجمَلٌ وفرَسٌ رَبَاعٌ ورَبَاعٍ، الأخيرُ عَن كُراع، قَالَ: وَلَا نَظيرَ لَهَا سِوى ثَمانٌٍ ويَمانٌٍ وشَناحٌٍ.
والشَّناح: الطويلُ، كَذَلِك جوارٌٍ ج: رُبْعٌ: بالضَّمّ: عَن ثعلبٍ، وبضمَّتَيْن، كَقَذَالٍ وقُذُلٍ، ورِبَاعٌ ورِبْعانٌ: بكسرِهما: الأخيرُ كَغَزَالٍ وغِزْلان، ورُبَعٌ: كصُرَدٍ، عَن ابْن الأَعْرابِيّ وأَرْبَاعٌ ورَباعِيَاتٌ، والأُنثى رَباعِيَةٌ. كلُّ ذَلِك للَّذي يُلقي رَباعِيَته. وتقولُ للغنَمِ فِي السنَةِ الرابعةِ وللبقَر،)
وذاتِ الحافرِ فِي السنةِ الخامسةِ، ولذاتِ الخُفِّ فِي السنةِ السابعةِ: أَرْبَعَتْ تُرْبِعُ إرْباعاً، وَحكى الأَزْهَرِيّ عَن ابْن الأَعْرابِيّ قَالَ: الخَيلُ تُثْني وتُربِع وتُقرِح، والإبلُ تُثني وتُربِع وتُسدِس وتَبْزُل، والغنَمُ تُثني وتُربِع وتُسدِس وتَصْلَغ، قَالَ: وَيُقَال للفرَسِ إِذا استَتَمَّ سَنَتَيْن: جَذَعٌ، فَإِذا استتَمَّ الثالثةَ فَهُوَ ثَنِيٌّ، وَذَلِكَ عِنْد إلقائِهِ رَواضِعَه، فَإِذا استتَمَّ الرابعةَ فَهُوَ رَباع، قَالَ: وَإِذا سَقَطَتْ رَواضِعُه ونَبَتَ مكانَها سِنٌّ، فَنَبَاتُ تلكَ السِّنِّ هُوَ الإثْناء، ثمَّ تَسْقُطُ الَّتِي تَلِيهَا عِنْد إرْباعِه، فَهِيَ رَباعِيَتُه، فَيَنْبتُ مكانَه سِنٌّ فَهُوَ رَبَاعٌ، وجَمعُه رُبُعٌ، وأكثرُ الْكَلَام رُبُعٌ وأَرْبَاعٌ، فَإِذا حانَ قُروحُه سَقَطَ الَّذِي يَلي رَباعِيَتَه فَيَنْبتُ مكانَه قارِحُه، وَهُوَ نابُه، وَلَيْسَ بعدَ القُروحِ سُقوطُ سنٍّ، وَلَا نَباتُ سِنٍّ، قَالَ: وَقَالَ غيرُه: إِذا طَعَنَ البعيرُ فِي السنةِ الخامسةِ فَهُوَ جَذَعٌ، فَإِذا طَعَنَ فِي السادسةِ فَهُوَ ثَنِيٌّ، فَإِذا طَعَنَ فِي السابعةِ فَهُوَ رَباعٌ، وَالْأُنْثَى رَباعِيَةٌ، فَإِذا طَعَنَ فِي الثامنةِ فَهُوَ سَدَسٌ وسديسٌ، فَإِذا طَعَنَ فِي التاسعةِ فَهُوَ بازِلٌ. وَقَالَ ابْن الأَعْرابِيّ: تُجذِع العَناقُ لسنَة، وتُثْنى لتمامِ سَنَتَيْن، وَهِي رَباعِيَةٌ وصالِغٌ لتمامِ خَمْسِ سِنِين. وَقَالَ أَبُو فَقْعَسٍ الأسَديُّ: ولَدُ البقرةِ أوّلَ سَنَةٍ تَبيعٌ، ثمّ جَذَعٌ، ثمّ ثَنِيٌّ، ثمّ رَباعٌ، ثمّ سَدَسٌ، ثمّ صالِغٌ، وَهُوَ أقْصَى أسنانِه.
وأَرْبَعَ القومُ: صَارُوا فِي الرَّبيع أَو دخلُوا فِيهِ، أَو أَرْبَعوا: صَارُوا أَرْبَعةً أَو أَرْبَعين. أَو أَرْبَعوا: أَقَامُوا فِي المَرْبَعِ عَن الارْتِيادِ والنُّجْعة، لعُمومِ الغَيث، فهم يُربِعون حيثُ كَانُوا، أَي يُقيمون للخِصبِ العامِّ، وَلَا يَحْتَاجُونَ إِلَى الانتِقالِ فِي طَلَبِ الكَلإ. والمُرْبِع، كمُحسِنٍ: الناقةُ الَّتِي تُنتَجُ فِي الرّبيع، فإنْ كَانَ ذَلِك عادَتَها فَهِيَ مِرْباعٌ، نَقَلَه الجَوْهَرِيّ، وَقد تقدّم. أَو المُرْبِع: هِيَ الَّتِي ولَدُها مَعهَا وَهُوَ رُبَعٌ، وَكَذَلِكَ المِرْباع، عَن الأَصْمَعِيّ. قَالَ أَبُو عمروٍ: المُرْبِع: شِراعُ السفينةِ المَلأَى، والرُّومِيُّ: شِراعُ الفارِغَة، والمُتَلَمِّظَة: مَقْعَدُ الاسْتِيام، وَهُوَ رئيسُ الرُّكاب. والمَرابيع: الأمطارُ الَّتِي تجيءُ فِي أوّلِ الرّبيع، قَالَ لَبيدٌ رَضِيَ الله عَنهُ يذكُرُ الدِّمَنَ:
(رُزِقَتْ مَرابيعَ النُّجوم وصابَها ... وَدْقُ الرَّواعِدِ جَوْدُها فرِهامُها)
وعنى بالنجومِ الأنْواء. قَالَ الأَزْهَرِيّ: قَالَ ابْن الأَعْرابِيّ: مَرابيعُ النُّجُوم: الَّتِي يكونُ بهَا المطَرُ فِي أوّلِ الأَنْواء. قَالَ الليثُ: أَرْبَعَتِ الناقةُ فَهِيَ مُرْبِعٌ، إِذا استَغْلَقَتْ رحِمُها فَلم تَقْبَلْ الماءَ، وَكَذَلِكَ ارتبَعَتْ. قَالَ غَيْرُه: أَرْبَعَ ماءُ هَذِه الرَّكِيَّة، أَي كَثُرَ. أَرْبَعَ الوِرْدُ: أَسْرَعَ الكَرَّ، كَمَا فِي العُباب، أَي أَرْبَعَتْ الإبلُ بالوِرْد: إِذا أَسْرَعتِ الكَرَّ إِلَيْهِ، فَوَرَدتْ بِلَا وَقْتٍ، وَحَكَاهُ أَبُو عُبَيْدٍ بالغَين المُعجَمة، وَهُوَ تَصحيفٌ، كَمَا فِي اللِّسان. وَقَالَ الأَصْمَعِيّ: أَرْبَعَ الإبلَ على المَاء: إِذا) أَرْسَلها وتَرَكَها تَرِدُ الماءَ مَتى شاءَت. وَقَالَ ابنُ عَبّادٍ: أَرْبَعَ فلانٌ: إِذا أَكْثَرَ من النِّكاح. وَفِي اللِّسان: أَرْبَعَ بالمرأةِ: إِذا كَرَّ إِلَى مُجامَعَتِها من غَيْرِ فَتْرَةٍ. قَالَ ابنُ عَبّادٍ: أَرْبَعَ عَلَيْهِ السائلُ، إِذا سَأَلَ ثمّ ذَهَبَ، ثمّ عَاد، نَقَلَه الصَّاغانِيّ هَكَذَا. أَرْبَعَ المريضَ: تَرَكَ عِيادَتَه يَوْمَيْن، وأتاهُ فِي اليومِ الثَّالِث، هَكَذَا فِي النّسخ، ومِثلُه فِي العُباب، وَهَكَذَا وُجِدَ بخطِّ الجَوْهَرِيّ. وَوَقَعَ فِي اللِّسان: فِي اليومِ الرَّابِع، وَهَكَذَا هُوَ فِي نسخ الصِّحَاح، وصَحَّحَ عَلَيْهِ، وَبِه فُسِّرَ الحَدِيث: أَغِبُّوا فِي عِيادَةِ الْمَرِيض، وأَرْبِعوا، إلاّ أَن يكونَ مَغْلُوباً وأصلُه من الرِّبْع: من أَوْرَادِ الإبلِ. والتَّرْبيع: جَعْلُ الشيءِ مُرَبَّعاً، أَي ذَا أَرْبَعةِ أَجْزَاءٍ، أَو على شُكْل ذِي أَرْبَعٍ. ومُرَبَّعٌ، كمُعَظَّمٍ: لقَبُ أبي عَبْد الله مُحَمَّد بن إبراهيمَ الأَنْماطيِّ صاحبِ يحيى بن مَعينٍ، وَهُوَ حافظُ بغدادَ مَشْهُورٌ تقدّم ذِكرُه فِي الأَنْماطِيِّين. وَمُحَمّد بن عَبْد الله بن عَتّابٍ المُحدِّثُ يُعرَفُ بابنِ مُرَبَّعٍ أَيْضا، وَهَذَا نَقَلَه الصَّاغانِيّ فِي التكملة، وكُنيَتُه أَبُو بكر، ويُعرَفُ أَيْضا بالمُرَبَّعيّ، وَقد روى عَن يحيى بن مَعينٍ وعليّ بن عاصمٍ، مَاتَ سنةَ مائتَيْن وستّةٍ وثَمانين، كَذَا فِي التَّبصير. واسْتأْجَره أَو عامَلَه مُرابَعَةً عَن الكِسائيّ، ورِباعاً، بالكَسْر، عَن اللِّحْيانيّ، وكِلاهُما من الرَّبيع، كمُشاهَرَة من الشَّهْر، ومُصايَفَة من الصَّيف، ومُشاتاة من الشتَاء، ومُخارَفَةً من الخريف، ومُسانَهَةً من السَّنَة، وَيُقَال: مُساناة أَيْضا، والمُعاوَمَة من الْعَام، والمُياوَمَة: من الْيَوْم، والمُلايَلَة: من اللَّيْل، والمُساعاة: من السَّاعَة، وكلُّ ذَلِك مُستعمَلٌ فِي كلامِ الْعَرَب. وارْتَبَعَ بمكانِ كَذَا: أقامَ بِهِ فِي الرّبيع، والمَوضِعُ مُرْتَبَعٌ، كَمَا سَيَأْتِي للمُصنِّف قَرِيبا. ارْتَبَعَ الفرَسُ، والبَعيرُ: أَكَلَ الرَّبيعَ، كَتَرَبَّعَ فنَشِطَ وسَمِنَ، قَالَ طَرَفَةُ بنُ العَبدِ يصفُ ناقتَه:
(ترَبَّعَتِ القُفَّيْنِ فِي الشَّوْلِ تَرْتَعي ... حَدائقَ مَوْلِيِّ الأَسِرَّةِ أَغْيَدِ)
وَقيل: ترَبَّعوا، وارتَبَعوا: أَصَابُوا رَبيعاً، وَقيل: أَصَابُوهُ فأقاموا فِيهِ، وَتَرَبَّعَتِ الإبلُ بمكانِ كَذَا: أقامَتْ بِهِ. قَالَ الأَزْهَرِيّ: وأنشدَ أَعْرَابيٌّ:
(ترَبَّعَتْ تَحْتَ السُّمِيِّ الغُيَّمِ ... فِي بَلَدِ عافِي الرِّياضِ مُبْهِمِ)
عافي الرِّياضِ، أَي رِياضُه عافِيَةٌ وافِيَةٌ لم تُرْعَ. مُبْهِم: كثير البُهْمى. وَيُقَال: ترَبَّعْنا الحَزْنَ والصَّمَّان، أَي رَعَيْنا بُقولَها فِي الشتَاء. وَتَرَبَّعَ فِي جُلوسِه: خِلافُ جَثا وأَقْعَى. يُقَال: جَلَسَ مُتَرَبِّعاً، وَهُوَ الأُرْبَعاوَى الَّذِي تقدّم. ترَبَّعَتِ الناقةُ سَناماً طَويلا، أَي حَمَلَتْه. قَالَ النابغةُ الجَعدِيُّ رَضِيَ الله عَنهُ:)
(وحائلٍ بازِلِ ترَبَّعَتِ الصَّيْ ... فَ عَلَيْهَا العِفاءُ كالأُطُمِ)
يريدُ رَعَتِ بالصيفِ حَتَّى رَفَعَتْ سَناماً كالأُطُم. والمُرْتَبَع، بالفَتْح، أَي بفتحِ الباءِ: المنزلُ يُنْزَلُ فِيهِ أيّامَ الرَّبيعِ خاصّةً، كالمَرْبَع، ثمّ تُجُوِّزَ فِيهِ حَتَّى سُمِّيَ كلُّ منزلٍ مَرْبَعاً ومُرْتَبَعاً، وَمِنْه قَوْلُ الحَريريّ:
(دَعِ ادِّكارَ الأَرْبُعِ ... والمَعْهَدِ المُرْتَبَعِ)
قَالَ أَبُو زَيْدٍ: اسْتَرْبَعَ الرَّملُ: إِذا تراكَم. والغُبار: إِذا ارتفعَ، وَأنْشد: مُسْتَرْبِعٌ مِن عَجَاجِ الصيفِ مَنْخُولُ قَالَ ابْن السِّكِّيت: اسْتَربعَ البعيرُ للسَّيْرِ: إِذا قَوِيَ عَلَيْهِ. ورجلٌ مُسْتَربَعٌ بعَملِه، أَي مُستَقِلٌّ بِهِ، قَوِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ، صَبُورٌ. قَالَ أَبُو وَجْزَة:
(لاعٍ يكادُ خَفِيُّ الزَّجْرِ يُفْرِطُهُ ... مُسْتَرْبِعٍ بسُرى المَوْماةِ هَيَّاجِ)
اللاّعي: الَّذِي يُفزِعُه أدنى شَيْءٍ، ويُفرِطُه: يَمْلَؤه رَوْعَاً حَتَّى يذهبَ بِهِ. وَقَالَ ابْن الأَعْرابِيّ: اسْتَربعَ الشيءَ: أطاقَه، وَأنْشد:
(لَعَمْري لَقَدْ ناطَتْ هَوازِنُ أَمْرَها ... بمُسْتَرْبِعينَ الحربَ شُمِّ المَناخِرِ)
أَي بمُطيقينَ الحربَ. قَالَ الصَّاغانِيّ: وأمّا قولُ أبي صَخْرٍ الهُذَليّ يَمْدَحُ خالدَ بنَ عبدِ الْعَزِيز: (رَبيعٌ وبَدرٌ يُسْتَضاءُ بوَجهِه ... كَريمُ النَّثَا مُسْتَرْبِعٌ كلَّ حاسِدِ)
فَمَعْنَاه أنّه يَحْتَملُ حَسَدَه، ويَقْوَى عَلَيْهِ. وَقَالَ الأَزْهَرِيّ: هَذَا كلُّه من رَبْعِ الحجَرِ وإشالَتِه. قَالَ الصَّاغانِيّ: والتركيبُ يدُلُّ على جُزْءٍ من أَرْبَعةِ أَجْزَاءٍ، وعَلى الإقامةِ، وعَلى الإشالة، وَقد شَذَّت الرَّبْعَة: المَسافةُ بَيْنَ أثافِي القِدْر. ومِمّا يُسْتَدْرَك عَلَيْهِ: يُقَال: هُوَ رابِعُ أَرْبَعةٍ، أَي واحدٌ من أَرْبَعة. وجاءَت عَيْنَاهُ بأَرْبَعَةِ، أَي بدُموعٍ جَرَتْ من نواحي عَيْنَيْه الأَرْبَع، وَقَالَ الزَّمَخْشَرِيّ: أَي جاءَ باكياً أشَدَّ البُكاء. وَهُوَ مَجاز. وأَرْبَعَ الإبلَ: أَوْرَدَها رِبْعاً. وأَرْبَعَ الرجلُ: جاءَتْ إبلُه رَوابِعَ. ورُمْحٌ مَرْبُوعٌ: لَا طَويلَ وَلَا قَصير. والتَّرْبيع فِي الزَّرْع: السَّقْيَةُ الَّتِي بَعْدَ التثْليث. وناقةٌ رَبُوعٌ، كصَبُورٍ: تَحْلُبُُ أَرْبَعةَ أَقْدَاحٍ، عَن ابْن الأَعْرابِيّ. ورجلٌ مُرَبَّعُ الحاجِبَيْن: كثيرُ شَعْرِهما، كأنّ لَهُ أَرْبَعَ حَواجِبَ. قَالَ الرَّاعِي:
(مُرَبَّعُ أَعْلَى حاجبِ العَينِ، أمُّهُ ... شَقيقَةُ عَبْدِ مِن قَطينٍ مُوَلَّدِ)
وَقَالَ الزَّمَخْشَرِيّ: فلانٌ مُرَبَّعُ الجَبهَةِ، أَي عَبْدٌ. وَهُوَ مَجاز. ورُبِعَ الرجلُ، كعُنِيَ: أُصيبَتْ) أَرْبَاعُ رَأْسِه، وَهِي نَواحيه. وارْتَبعَ الحجَرَ: شالَه، وَذَلِكَ المُتَناوَلُ مَرْبُوعٌ، كالرَّبيعَة. ومَرَّ بقومٍ يَرْبَعونَ حَجَرَاً، ويَرْتَبِعون، ويَتَرَبَّعون، الأخيرُ عَن الزَّمَخْشَرِيّ وأَكْثَرَ اللهُ رَبْعَكَ: أَهْلَ بَيْتِك.
وهم اليومَ رَبْعٌ، إِذا كَثُروا ونَمَوْا. وَهُوَ مَجاز. والرَّبْع: طَرَفُ الجلَل. والمَرْبوعُ من الشِّعْر: الَّذِي ذَهَبَ جُزءٌ من ثَمانيةِ أَجْزَاءٍ من المَديدِ والبَسيط. قَالَ الأَزْهَرِيّ: وسَمِعْتُ العربَ يَقُولُونَ: ترَبَّعَتِ النَّخيلُ: إِذا خُرِفَتْ وصُرِمَتْ. وَقَالَ ابنُ بَرّيّ: يُقَال: يومٌ قائظٌ وصائفٌ وشاتٍ، وَلَا يُقَال: يومٌ رابِعٌ، لأنّهم لم يَبْنُوا مِنْهُ فِعلاً على حَدِّ قاظَ يَوْمُنا، وشَتَا، فيقولوا: رَبَعَ يَوْمُنا، لأنّه لَا معنى فِيهِ لحَرٍّ وَلَا بَرْدٍ، كَمَا فِي قاظَ وشَتا. وَفِي حديثِ الدُّعاء: اللَّهُمَّ اجْعلْ القُرآنَ رَبيعَ قَلْبِي، جَعَلَه رَبيعاً لَهُ لأنّ الإنسانَ يَرْتَاحُ قَلْبُه فِي الرَّبيعِ من الأزمانِ ويَميلُ إِلَيْهِ، وربّما سُمِّيَ الكَلأُ والغَيثُ رَبيعاً. والرَّبيعُ: مَا تَعْتَلِفُه الدَّوابُّ من الخُضَرِ، والجَمعُ أَرْبِعَةٌ. والرِّبْعَة، بالكَسْر: اجتِماعُ الماشِيةِ فِي الرَّبيع. يُقَال: بلَدٌ مَيِّتٌ أَنيثٌ، طَيِّبُ الرِّبْعة، مَرِئُ العُودِ. ورَبَعَ الرَّبيعُ يَرْبَعُ رُبوعاً: دَخَلَ. وأَرْبَعَ القومُ: صَارُوا إِلَى الرِّيفِ وَالْمَاء. والمُتَرَبَّع: الموضِعُ الَّذِي يُنزَلُ فِيهِ أيّامَ الرَّبيع. وغَيثٌ مُرْبِعٌ: يَأْتِي فِي الرَّبيع، أَو يَحْمِلُ الناسَ على أَن يَرْبَعوا فِي دِيارِهم، وَلَا يَرْتَادون، وَهُوَ مَجاز. أَو أَرْبَعَ الغَيثُ: إِذا أَنْبَتَ الرَّبيع. وقولُ الشَّاعِر:
(يَداكَ يَدٌ رَبيعُ الناسِ فِيهَا ... وَفِي الأُخرى الشُّهورُ من الحَرامِ)
أرادَ أنَّ خِصْبَ الناسِ فِي إِحْدَى يَدَيْه، لأنّه يُنعِشُ الناسَ بسَيْبِه، وَفِي يدهِ الأُخرى الأَمْنُ والحَيطَةُ ورَعيُ الذِّمام. والمُرْتَبِعُ من الدَّوابِّ: الَّذِي رَعى الرَّبيعَ، فسَمِنَ ونَشِطَ. وأرضٌ مُرْبِعةٌ: كثيرةُ الرَّبيعِ. وأَرْبَعَ إبلَه بمكانِ كَذَا وَكَذَا: رعاها فِيهِ فِي الرّبيع. والرِّبْعِيَّةُ: الغَزْوَة فِي الربيعِ. قَالَ النابغةُ:
(وكانتْ لَهُم رِبْعِيَّةٌ يَحْذَرونَها ... إِذا خَضْخَضتْ ماءَ السماءِ القَنابِلُ)
يَعْنِي أنّه كَانَ لَهُم غَزْوَةٌ يَغْزُونَها فِي الرَّبيع. وأَرْبَعَ الرجلُ، فَهُوَ مُرْبِع: وُلِدَ لَهُ فِي شَبابِه، على المثَلِ بالرَّبيع، وولَدُه رِبْعِيُون. وَفِي المُفرَدات: ولمّا كَانَ الرَّبيع أوّل وَقْت الوِلادةِ واَحْمَدَهُ استُعير لكلِّ ولَدٍ يُولَدُ فِي الشَّباب، فَقيل: أَفْلَحَ مَن كَانَ لَهُ رِبْعِيُّون وفَصيلٌ رِبْعِيٌّ: نُتِجَ فِي الرَّبيع، نسبَ على غيرِ قياسٍ. ورِبْعِيَّة النِّتاج والقَيْظ: أوَّله، ورِبْعِيُّ كلِّ شيءٍ: أوّلُه، وَكَذَا رِبْعِيُّ الشبابِ والمَجد، وَهُوَ مَجاز، وأنشدَ ثعلبٌ:)
(جَزِعْتَ فَلم تَجْزَعْ من الشَّيْبِ مَجْزَعا ... وَقد فاتَ رِبْعِيُّ الشبابِ فوَدَّعا)
ورِبْعِيُّ الطِّعان: أحَدُّه، أنْشد ثعلبٌ أَيْضا:
(عليكُم برِبْعِيِّ الطِّعانِ فإنّه ... أشَقُّ على ذِي الرَّثْيَةِ المُتَصَعِّبِ) وسَقْبٌ رِبْعيٌّ، وسِقابٌ رِبْعِيَّةٌ: وُلِدَتْ فِي أوّل النِّتاج. والسِّبط الرَّبْعِيُّ: نَخْلَةٌ تدرِك آخرَ القَيظِ.
قَالَ أَبُو حنيفَة: سُمِّي رِبْعِيَّاً لأنّ آخِرَ القَيظِ وَقْت الوَسْمِيّ. وناقةٌ رِبْعيّة: مُتقَدِّمة النِّتاج، والعربُ تَقول: صَرَفَانةٌ رِبْعِيَّةٌ، تُصرَمُ بالصيفِ وتُؤكَلُ بالشَّتِيَّة. وارْتَبَعتْ الناقةُ: اسْتَغلَقَتْ رَحِمُها. والمَرابيع من الخَيل: المُجتَمِعةُ الخَلْق. والرَّبيع: الساقِيَةُ الصغيرةُ تَجْرِي إِلَى النّخل. حِجازِيّةٌ، والجمعُ أَرْبِعاء، ورُبْعان. وتركناهم على رِبْعَتِهم، بالكَسْر، أَي حالِهم الأوّل، واستِقامَتِهم. وَهُوَ رابِعٌ عَلَيْهَا، أَي ثابتٌ مُقيمٌ. وَيُقَال: إنّ فلَانا قد ارْتَبَعَ أَمْرَ الْقَوْم، أَي يَنْتَظرُ أنْ يُؤَمَّرَ عَلَيْهِم. وحَربٌ رَباعِيَةٌ، كَثَمَانِيَةٍ: شديدةٌ فَتِيَّةٌ وَذَلِكَ لأنّ الإرْباعَ أوّلُ شِدَّةِ البعيرِ والفرَس، فَهِيَ كالفرَسِ الرَّباعيّ، والجمَلُ الرَّباعيّ، وَلَيْسَت كالبازِلِ الَّذِي هُوَ فِي إدبارٍ، وَلَا كالثَّنِيِّ فتكونُ ضَعِيفَة. والمُرْبَعُ من الإبلِ: الَّذِي يُورَدُ الماءَ كلَّ وَقْتٍ. وَفِي التَّهْذِيب فِي تَرْجَمة عذم قَالَ: والمرأةُ تَعْذِمُ الرجلَ إِذا أَرْبَعَ لَهَا بالْكلَام، أَي تَشْتُمُه إِذا سامَها المَكروه، وَهُوَ الإرباع.
والرَّبُوع، كصَبُورٍ، لغةٌ فِي الأَرْبِعاءِ مُوَلَّدَة، وحُكِيَ عَن ثعلبٍ فِي جَمْعِ الأَرْبِعاء: أرابيع. قَالَ ابنُ سِيدَه: ولستُ من هَذَا على ثِقة، وحُكِيَ أَيْضا عَنهُ عَن ابْن الأَعْرابِيّ: لَا تَكُ أَرْبَعاوِيَّاً أَي ممّن يصومُ الأَرْبِعاءَ وَحْدَه. والأَرْبَعاء: مَوْضِعٌ: ضَبَطَه أَبُو الحسَنُ الزُّبَيْديّ بفتحِ الْبَاء، وَأنْشد:
(أَلَمْ تَرَنَا بالأَرْبَعاءِ، وخَيْلُنا ... غَداةَ دَعانا قَعْنَبٌ واللَّياهِمُ) قَالَ: وَقد قيل فِيهِ أَيْضا: الأُرْبُعاء بضمِّ أوّلِه وَالثَّالِث، وسُكونِ الثَّانِي. قَالَ ياقوت: وَالْمَعْرُوف سُوقُ الأَرْبَعاء: بَلْدَةٌ من نواحي خُوزِسْتانَ على نهرٍ، ذاتُ جانبَيْن وَبهَا سُوقٌ، والجانبُ العِراقيّ أَعْمَرُ، وَفِيه الْجَامِع. وأَرْبَاعٌ: مَوْضِعٌ، عَن ياقوت. وَمَشَتِ الأرنبُ الأُرْبَعا، بضمِّ الهمزةِ وفتحِ الباءِ والقَصْر، وَهُوَ ضربٌ من المَشي. وارْتَبعَ البعيرُ يَرْتَبِعُ ارْتِباعاً: أَسْرَعَ، ومَرَّ يضربُ بقوائمِه، والاسمُ الرَّبَعَة. وَهِي أَرْبَعُهُنَّ لِقاحاً: أَي أَسْرَعَهُنَّ، عَن ثعلبٍ. ورَبَعَ الرجلُ بعَيشِه، إِذا رَضِيَ بِهِ، واقتصرَ عَلَيْهِ. والرُّبوع، بالضَّمّ: الأَحْياء. والرَّوْبَع، كَجَوْهَرٍ: الناقِصُ الخَلْق، وأصلُه فِي ولَدِ الناقةِ إِذا خرجَ ناقِصَ الخَلْق. وأرضٌ مُرْتَبِعَةٌ: ذاتُ يَرابيع، كَمَا فِي المُفردات.
وشجَرٌ مَرْبُوعٌ: أصابَه مطَرُ الربيعِ فاخْضَلَّ. وسَمَّت العربُ رابِعةً ومِرْباعاً. وقولُ أبي ذُؤَيْبٍ:)
(صَخِبُ الشَّوارِبِ لَا يزالُ كأنّهُ ... عَبْدٌ لآلِ أبي رَبيعَةَ مُسْبَعُ)
أرادَ آلَ رَبيعةَ بن عَبْد الله بنِ عَمْرِو بنِ مَخْزُومٍ، لأنّهم كَثيرو الأموالِ وَالْعَبِيد، وأكثرُ مكَّةَ لَهُم، وَسَيَأْتِي فِي سبع. والتِّرْباع، بالكَسْر: مَوْضِعٌ، قَالَ:
(لِمَنْ الدِّيار عَفَوْنَ بالرَّضْمِ ... فَمَدَافِعِ التِّرْباعِ فالزُّخْمِ) والرَّوْبَعة: قِعدَةُ المُتَرَبِّع، تَقول: يَا أيُّها الزَّوْبَعةُ، مَا هَذِه الرَّوْبَعة ورَبَعَ الفرَسُ على قوائمِه: عَرِقَتْ، من رَبَعَ المطرُ الأرضَ. ورَبَعَه اللهُ: نَعَشَه. ورُبِعَتْ على عَقْلِ فلانٍ رِبَاعةٌ، كَسَرَ فِيهَا رِباعَه، أَي بَذَلَ فِيهَا كلَّ مَا مَلَكَ حَتَّى باعَ فِيهَا مَنازِلَه، وَهُوَ مَجاز. والرُّبْعَة، بالضَّمّ وفتحِ الْمُوَحدَة، ابنُ رَشْدَان بن جُهَيْنة: أَبُو بطنٍ يَنْتَمي إِلَيْهِ جماعةٌ من الصحابةِ وغيرِهم. وأحمدُ بنُ الحسينِ بن الرَّبْعَة بالفَتْح فالسُّكون أَبُو الْحَارِث، عَن أبي الْحُسَيْن بن الطُّيوريّ، وَعنهُ ابْن طَبَرْزد. وَأَبُو مَنْصُور نَصْر بن الْفَتْح الفامي المُرَبَّعي: مُحدِّث. وَأَبُو الرّبيع: الْحُسَيْن بنُ ماهان الرّازيّ، عُرِفَ بالكِسائيّ، مُحدِّث. ومِرْبَعُ بنُ سُبَيْع، كمِنْبَرٍ، الَّذِي قَتَلَ غَضُوبَ، كَمَا سَيَأْتِي فِي ضبع.

سبع: سبع: ورد هذا الفعل في المعجم اللاتيني - العربي مقابل اللفظة اللاتينية Lobo ولا ادري لماذا؟.
سَبَعَهُ: أبهته من الخوف (محيط المحيط).
سَبَّع (بالتشديد): طاف حول الكعبة سبعاً.
(معجم بدرون).
استسبع: ارتاع من السَبُع (مرجريت ص312) سَبْع. السبع: اختصار الروايات السبع (المقري 1: 885) أو الروايات السبع أو قراءات القرآن السبع (المقري 1: 562، 843، 870).
سبع معادن: ذوب معادن، مزج معادن (بوشر) سَبُع وسَبْع: ذئب (الكالا) وفيه: bobo ( سَبَع).
سَبُع وسَبْع وسَبَع: فهد (الكالا). سبع الأرض = كزبرة البئر (ابن البيطار 2: 4).
سبع البحر: ذئب البحر (الكالا).
سبع الشعراء: الافتيمون (ابن البيطار 2: 5) سبع الكتّان: نبات اسمه العلمي: Cuscuta epithymum ( ابن البيطار 2: 4) سَبْعَة، السبعة: مختصر قراءات السبعة (المقري 1: 834) وهي قراءات القرآن السبعة لأئمة القراء السبعة (المقري 1: 490، 828).
سبعة بذراع: صنف من التمر، وقد أطلق عليه هذا الاسم لأنه من الطول بحيث يكون طول سبعة منها ذراعاً. (باجني ص150).
سبعة وسَبْعين: حريش، أم أربعة وأربعين. (بابن سميث 1554) وفي محيط المحيط: أبو سبعة وسبعين.
السَّبْعِيَّة: فرقة من غلاة الشيعة ذهبوا إلى أن النطقاء بالشريعة وهو آدم ونوح وإبراهيم وموسى وعيسى ومحمد ومحمد المهدي سابع النطقاء، وبين كل اثنين من النطقاء سبعة أئمة، ولابد في كل شريعة من سبعة يقتدى بهم (محيط المحيط: الشهرستاني طبعة هاربروكر 2: 514) سُبْعِيّ. دابّة سُبُعية: حيوان مفترس (فوك) وعند دي يونج فان رودنبورج (ص113): Zoebia وجار الأسد.
سَبْعُونّي. المصحف السبعوني: الترجمة السبعينية (بوشر).
سُبُوع: اليوم السابع من مرض المريض، واليوم السابع بعد وفاة الميت (محيط المحيط).
سِبِاعِيّ: أسدي، مختص بالأسد (بوشر).
سُبَاعّي: غلام طوله سبعة أشبار من الكعب حتى طرف أذنه، فإن كان طوله أقل من ستة أشبار قلت قيمته كما إذا زاد طوله على سبعة أشبار لأنه يكون عندئذ في هيئة الرجال فلا يصلح للخدمة في الحرم (عوادة ص632، وأنظر داسكرياك ص506). سُباعي: ذو سبعة أركان (الكالا، محيط المحيط).
سباعي: ما كان على سبعة احرف (محيط المحيط).
سُباعي: من المواليات: ما كان سبعة مصاريع، كل ثلاثة منها على قافية والسابع على قافية الثلاثة الأولى، ويقال له النعماني أيضاً (محيط المحيط).
سُباعّي: من ولد لسبعة اشهر من الحمل به (محيط المحيط).
سُباعّي انظر مُسَبَّع.
سُباعي: جمل يقطع مسافة سبعة أيام في يوم واحد (جاكسون ص40).
سباعيات: أحاديث رواها سبعة رواة بعضهم عن بعض (حاجى خليفة 3: 574، المقري 2: 769) سُبْوعي: تطلق على كل سبعة سنوات من عمر الإنسان (بوشر).
سُبَاعّية: كراسة ذات سبع ورقات، وتطلق على كل كراسة اتساعاً (بوشر) سابع: يوم السبعة بعد الزواج، ويسمى يوم الأسْبُوع (لين، ألف ليلة 2: 374) ويوم السبوع (لين) ويوم السابع (ألف ليلة برسل 5: 91) ويحتفل به كل من المرأة والرجل، غير أن الأغنياء منهم يحتفلون في كل يوم من أيام الزواج السبعة الأولى (أين عادات 2: 305) وقد أطلق سابع العروس على الأيام السبعة الأولى من الزواج اعتباطاً. وهذا ما يستنتج من عبارة للمقري يقول فيها في كلامه عن المظفر (1: 277): وكانت أيام حكمه كلها أعياداً. وقد استمر حكمه سبع سنوات أطلق عليها اسم السابع إشارة إلى سابع العروس.
ونجد في رحلة ابن بطوطة (1: 175) عبارة أربكت الناشرين يقول فيها ان التقي ادهم كان بدل أن يضاجع ابنة السلطان التي تزوجها مكرهاً، ينزوي في كل ليلة في زاوية من الغرفة ليصلى فيها حتى الصباح واستمر على ذلك طوال ليالي السابع أي طوال ليالي الأسبوع الأول من الزواج، وهذا هو صواب كتابتها بدل سبع ليالٍ كما في المطبوع منها.
سَوَابع: اليوم الثامن لوداع العيد في الكنيسة الرومانية وهو اليوم الثامن منذ الاحتفال بيوم العيد الكبير (فوك) وفيه أيضاً أسبوع (الكالا) أسبوع: كل سبع سنوات من حياة الإنسان (بوشر) أسبوع: اليوم الثامن لوداع العيد (فوك) انظر سابع.
مُسَبَّع: (عند المهندسين): سطح تحيط به سبعة أضلاع متساوية، ويقال له ذو سبعة أضلاع إن كانت غير متساوية (محيط المحيط).
مُسَبَّع (عند أهل التكسير). وفق مشتمل على تسعة وأربعين مربعا صغيراً ويسمى بمربع سبعة في سبعة أيضاً، وبالوفق السباعي (محيط المحيط) مُسَبَّع (عند الشعراء): قسم من المسمط (محيط المحيط) انظر: مسمط في مادة سمَّط.
مَسبوع: الذي ذعره السبع، والعامة تطلقه على كل مذعور (محيط المحيط).

سبع

1 سَبَعَهُمْ, aor. ـَ (S, Msb, K) and سَبِعَ (Yoo, Msb, K) and سَبُعَ, (Yoo, Msb,) inf. n. سَبْعٌ, (Msb,) He was, or became, the seventh of them: (S, Msb, K:) or he made them, with himself, seven: (S in art. ثلث:) or it signifies, (S, and so in some copies of the K,) or signifies also, (Msb, and so in some copies of the K,) he took the seventh part of their property, or possessions. (S, Msb, K.) And He made them, they being sixty-nine, to be seventy with himself. (A 'Obeyd, S in art. ثلث.) And سَبَعَ also signifies He made sixteen to be seventeen. (T in art. ثلث.) b2: سَبَعْتُ لَهُ الأَيَّامَ, aor. ـَ inf. n. as above, I completed to him the days by making them seven: and ↓ سَبَّعْتُهَا signifies the same in an emphatic manner. (Msb.) [See also 2.] b3: سَبَعَ الحَبْلَ, (K,) aor. ـَ inf. n. as above, (TA,) He made the rope, or cord, of seven strands. (K, TA.) b4: سُبِعَ المَوْلُودُ The infant had its head shaven, and an animal [generally a goat] sacrificed by way of expiation for it, on the seventh day [after its birth, (commonly called يَوْمُ السُّبُوعِ,) agreeably with an ordinance of Mohammad; the sacrifice being for the expiation of original sin]. (IDrd.) A2: سَبَعَ الغَنَمَ He (a wolf) seized the sheep, or goats, and broke their necks, or killed them, or made them his prey, (S, K, TA,) and ate them. (TA.) b2: سُبِعَتِ الوَحْشِيَّةٌ The female wild animal had her young, or young one, eaten by the سَبُع [or beast, or bird, of prey]. (TA.) b3: سَبَعَهُ He stole it; [as though, like a سَبُع, he made it his prey;] as also ↓ استبعهُ. (AA, K.) b4: He shot him [with an arrow or the like], or hurled at him and struck him [with a lance, or a missile of any kind]; namely, a wolf: or he frightened him; namely, a wolf; (K;) and also, a man. (TA.) b5: (assumed tropical:) He reviled, vilified, or vituperated, him; charged him with a vice or fault or the like; (S, K, TA;) assailed him with foul language, such as displeased him: (TA:) or he bit him (K, TA) with his teeth, like as does the سَبُع. (TA.) 2 سبّعهُ, inf. n. تَسْبِيعٌ, He made it seven; or called it seven; (S, K;) as also ↓ اسبعهُ. (TA.) See also 1. b2: He made it to have seven angles, or corners; to be heptagonal. (K.) b3: He (God) gave him his reward, or recompense, seven times, or seven fold. (K.) An Arab of the desert said to a man who had done a good act to him, (TA,) سَبَّعَ اللّٰهُ لَكَ May God give thee thy reward, or recompense, seven times, or seven fold. (K, TA.) The Arabs also said, سَبَّعَ اللّٰهُ لَكَ أَجْرَهَا May God multiply to thee the reward, or recompense, for it; meaning, for this good act: (Aboo-Sa'eed:) [for] تَسْبِيعٌ is used by them to signify the act of multiplying, though it be more than seven fold. (TA.) And سَبَّعَ اللّٰهُ لِفُلَانٍ is used as meaning May God make a thing to be followed by another thing to such a one; in relation to good and to evil; as also تَبَّعَ لَهُ. (TA.) and سَبَّعَ اللّٰهُ لَكَ meaning May God bless thee with seven children. (TA.) b4: He washed it (namely, a vessel,) seven times. (K.) Hence the saying of Aboo-Dhu-eyb, كَنَعْتِ الَّتِى قَامَتْ تُسَبِّعُ سُؤْرَهَا [Like her who has arisen to wash out seven times her remains of beverage in the bottom of a vessel, left by a drinker; that drinker, as is said in a marginal note in my copy of the TA, being her dog]: or, accord. to Es-Sukkaree, the meaning is, to give as alms her سُؤْر [remains of beverage in the bottom of a vessel after one had drunk, or remains of food &c.,], thereby seeking to have her reward, or recompense, multiplied; سُؤْرَهَا being used by the poet for بِسُؤْرِهَا. (TA.) b5: سبّع القُرْآنَ [app. followed by لَهُ or عَلَيْهِ] He appointed him the reading, or recitation, of the Kur-án [in seven portions so that he should complete the whole] in every seven nights. (O, L, K.) b6: سبّع لِامْرَأَتِهِ, (K, TA,) or عِنْدَهَا and لَهَا ↓ أَسْبَعَ, (TA,) He remained with his wife seven nights. (K, TA.) In like manner one says ثَلَّثَ; and thus of every number from one to ten; in relation to any saying or action. (TA.) b7: سبّعت She (a woman) brought forth at seven months. (TA.) b8: سبّع دَرَاهِمَهُ He made his dirhems to be seventy complete; but this is post-classical; (K;) and in like manner, دراهمه ↓ سَبْعَنَ, meaning the same, and also post-classical, and not allowable; the proper phrase to express the meaning “ I made it to be seventy ” being كَمَّلْتُهُ سَبْعِينَ. (TA.) b9: سَبَّعَتِ القَوْمُ The people, or company of men, completed the number of seven hundred men: (K, TA:) occurring in a trad, (TA.) 3 سِبَاعٌ (K,) inf. n. of سابع, (TK,) The performing of the act of coïtus, (IAar, Th, K,) with a woman. (TK.) b2: The vying with another in the endeavour to surpass him in obscene, or lewd, language, and in frequency of coïtus, and in speaking plainly of such subjects as should only be alluded to, in relation to women: (IAar, K: *) such seems to be its meaning in a trad. in which the doing this is forbidden. (IAar.) b3: (assumed tropical:) Mutual reviling, vilifying, or vituperating; (K, TA;) when each of two men assails the other with foul language, such as displeases him: (TA:) this is said by some to be its meaning in the trad. in which it is forbidden. (TA.) 4 اسبع, said of a party of men, It became seven: (S, K:) also, it became seventy. (M and L in art. ثلث.) b2: Said of a man, it signifies He was, or became, one whose camels came to the water on the seventh day [counting the day of the next preceding watering as the first]. (S, K.) b3: اسبع لِامْرَأَتِهِ: see 2. b4: أَسْبَعَتْ She brought forth her seventh offspring. (TA in art. بكر.) b5: اسبعهُ: see 2, first signification.

A2: It (a road) abounded with سِبَاع [or animals of prey]. (TA.) b2: اسبع الرُّعْيَانُ The pastors had their beasts fallen upon by the سَبُع [or animal of prey]. (Yaakoob, S, K.) A3: اسبعهُ i. q. أَطْعَمَهُ السَّبُعَ [which may be rendered He gave him as food the animal of prey, or he gave him as food to the animal of prey; but it seems from what here follows that the former is meant]: (S, K:) in the “ Mufradát,” [he gave him as food] the flesh of the سَبُع. (TA.) A4: He gave him, or delivered him, (namely, his son,) to the ظُؤُورَة [which means both nurse and nurses]. (S, K.) b2: He left him to himself; or left him without work, or occupation; namely, his slave; syn. أَهْمَلَهُ. (S, K.) [See مُسْبَعٌ.]8 إِسْتَبَعَ see 1.

Q. Q. 1 سَبْعَنَ: see 2. last sentence but one.

سَبْعٌ fem. of سَبْعَةٌ, q. v.

A2: See also سَبُعٌ in two places.

A3: السَّبْعُ The place to which mankind shall be congregated (K, TA) on the day of resurrection. (TA.) Hence the trad., (K, TA,) which relates that while a pastor was among his sheep, or goats, the wolf rushed upon him, and took from them a sheep, or goat, and the pastor pursued him until he rescued it from him; whereupon the wolf looked aside towards him, and said to him, (TA,) مَنْ لَهَا يَوْمَ السَّبْعِ, meaning Who will be for it [namely, the sheep, or goat, as aider, or defender,] on the day of resurrection? (K, TA:) thus expl. by I Aar, and mentioned by Sgh and the author of the L: (TA:) but to this is contradictory, or repugnant, يَعْكُرُ, [in the CK erroneously written يَعْكَرُ,]) the saying of the wolf, (K, TA,) after the words mentioned above, (TA,) “ the day when it shall have no pastor but me; ” for the wolf will not be a pastor on the day of resurrection: or the meaning is, who shall be for it on the occasion of trials, when it shall be left to itself, without pastor, a spoil to the animals of prey: the animal of prey being thus made to be a pastor to it: (K, TA:) this is in the way of a trope: and accord. to this explanation, it may be [↓ يَوْمَ السَّبُعِ] with damm to the ب: (TA:) or يَوْمُ السَّبْعِ was a festival of their's in the Time of Ignorance, on which they were diverted from everything by their sport: (AO, K, TA:) and accord. to one relation [of the trad.] it is with damm to the ب. (L, K.) سُبْعٌ (S, Msb, K) and ↓ سُبُعٌ, (Mgh, Msb,) of which the former is a contraction, (Msb,) A seventh part; one of seven parts; (S, Mgh, Msb, K;) as also ↓ سَبِيعٌ; (S, Msb, K;) the last not heard by Sh on any authority beside that of Az: (TA:) pl. of the first (Msb) and second (Mgh, Msb) أَسْبَاعٌ. (Mgh, Msb, TA.) Hence, أَسْبَاعٌ القُرْآنِ [The seven sections, or volumes, of the Kur-an,] in which one reads: said to be postclassical. (Mgh.) A2: See also أُسْبُوعٌ, in three places.

سِبْعٌ A certain ظِمْء of the أَظْمَآء of camels; (T, S, K;) i. e. their coming to the water on the seventh day [counting the day of the next preceding watering as the first]; (K;) or [in other words, which have virtually the same meaning,] their remaining in their places of pasturing five complete days, and coming to the water on the sixth day, not reckoning the day of the [next preceding] return from the water. (Az, TA.) You say, وَرَدَتْ إِبْلُهُ سِبْعًا His camels came to the water &c. (S, K.) b2: Also The seventh young one, or offspring. (A in art. ثلث.) سَبَعٌ: see what next follows.

سَبُعٌ (S, Sgh, Msb, K) and ↓ سَبْعٌ, (Sgh, Msb, K,) a dial. var., (Sgh, Msb,) and the form in common use with the vulgar, (Msb,) adopted also by several readers of the Kur in v. 4, (Msb, TA,) and often occurring in the poems of the Arabs, (TA,) and ↓ سَبَعٌ, (Sgh, K,) a form adopted by two readers of the Kur in the place above mentioned, and perhaps a dial. var., (Sgh, TA,) The animal of prey; the rapacious animal; (K;) [whether beast or bird; being sometimes applied to the latter, as, for instance, in the K, voce مِخْلَبٌ; but generally to the former:] or whatsoever has a fang, or canine tooth, with which it makes hostile attacks, and seizes its prey; (Msb;) such as the lion, [to which it is particularly applied by most of the Arabs in the present day,] and also (TA) such as the wolf and the lynx and the leopard, (Msb, TA,) and the like of these, that has a fang, and attacks men and beasts and makes them its prey: (TA:) the fox, however, is not thus called, though having a fang, (Msb, TA,) because he does not attack with it nor take prey, (Msb,) or because he does not attack small beasts, nor seize with his fang any animal; (TA;) and in like manner the hyena (Msb, TA) is not reckoned among the hostile animals thus called, wherefore the Sunneh allows that its flesh may be eaten, and requires that a compensation be made for it [by the sacrifice of a ram] if it be smitten [and killed] in the sacred territory or by a person in the state of ihrám: but as to the jackal, it is a noxious سبع, and its flesh is unlawful, because it is of the same kind as wolves, except that it is smaller in size and weaker in body: thus says Az: but some others say that the سبع is any hostile beast having a مِخْلَب [or tearing claw]: and it is said in the Mufradát to be thus called because of the perfectness of its strength; for السَّبْعُ [seven] is one of the perfect numbers: (TA:) the pl. is سِبَاعٌ, (Sb, S, Msb, K,) i. e., of سَبُعٌ, which has no other pl.; (Sb, Msb;) أَسْبُعٌ is also a pl., (Sgh, Msb, K,) but this is pl. of pauc. of ↓ سَبْعٌ, (Sgh, Msb,) which, not being a contraction [of سَبُعٌ, but a dial. var. thereof], has also for its pls. [of mult.]

سُبُوعٌ and سُبُوعَةٌ, like صُقُورٌ and صُقُورَةٌ, pls. of صَقْرٌ. (TA.) See also سَبْعٌ: [and see سَبُعَةٌ.] You say of him who is very injurious, or mischievous, مَا هُوَ إِلَّا سَبُعٌ مِنَ السِّبَاعِ (tropical:) [He is none other than one of the animals of prey]. (TA.) b2: السَّبُعُ is also the name of (assumed tropical:) The constellation [Lupus] behind [i. e. on the east of] Centaurus, containing nineteen stars in the figure. (Kzw.) سُبُعٌ: see سُبْعٌ.

سَبْعَةٌ, (S, K,) sometimes pronounced ↓ سَبَعَةٌ but some disallow this latter, and say that it is pl. of سَابِعٌ, (K,) [Seven;] a well-known number; and called one of the perfect numbers: (TA:) fem. سَبْعٌ. (S, K.) You say, سَبْعَةُ رِجَالٍ [Seven men]: and سَبْعُ نِسْوَةٍ [seven women]. (S, K.) b2: أَخَذَهُ أَخْذَ سَبْعَةٍ: see سَبُعَةٌ. b3: وَزْنَ سَبْعَةٍ means Of the weight of seven مَثَاقِيل: (S, K:) one says, أَخَذْتُ مِنْهُ مِائَةَ دِرْهَمٍ وَزْنَ سَبْعَةٍ, meaning [I took, or received, from him a hundred dirhems] every ten whereof were of the weight of seven mithkáls. (TA.) [But see دِرْهَمٌ.] b4: إِحْدَى مِنْ سبْعٍ [lit. One of seven;] means (assumed tropical:) a great, momentous, or difficult, thing, or affair: (Sh, K: *) an affair difficult to decide: perhaps as being likened to one of the seven nights in which God sent the punishment upon [the tribe of]

'Ád: or, as some say, the seven years [of famine in the days] of Joseph. (Sh, TA.) b5: السَّبْعُ المَثَانِى The Fátihah; [or first chapter of the Kur-án;] because it consists of seven verses: or the long chapters from البَقَرَة to الأَعْراف [a mistake for الأَنْفَال]; as in the Mufradát: or, as in the L, to التَّوْبَة, reckoning التوبة and الانفال as one chapter, for which reason they are not separated by the بَسْمَلَة. (TA.) [See also مَثْنًى.]

b6: El-Farezdak says, وَكَيْفَ أَخَافُ النَّاسَ وَاللّٰهُ قَابِضٌ عَلَى النَّاسِ وَالسَّبْعَيْنِ فِى رَاحَةِ اليَدِ meaning [And how should I fear men when God is comprehending mankind and] the seven heavens and seven earths [in the palm of the hand?]. (K.) b7: See also أُسْبُوعٌ; last sentence. b8: [سَبْعَةٌ is also used in a vague manner, as meaning Seven or more; or several; or many; as Bd says, in ix. 81, and as is indicated, though not plainly declared, in the TA. See 2: and see also سَبْعُونَ. b9: Respecting a peculiar pronunciation of the people of El-Hijáz, and a case in which سَبْعَة is imperfectly decl., see ثَلَاثَةٌ. See also سِتَّةٌ.] b10: سَبْعَةَ عَشَرَ [indecl. in every case, meaning Seventeen,] is pronounced by some of the Arabs سَبْعَةَ عْشَرَ: and [the fem.] سَبْعَ عَشْرَةَ, thus in the dial. of El-Hijáz [and of most of the Arabs], is pronounced سَبْعَ عَشِرَةَ in the dial. of Nejd. (S in art. عشر.) A2: See also سَبُعَةٌ, in two places.

سَبَعَةٌ: see سَبْعَةٌ.

سَبُعَةٌ and ↓ سَبْعَةٌ, the latter a contraction of the former, The lioness. (ISk, S, Msb, K.) Hence the saying, ↓ أَخَذَهُ أَخَذَ سَبْعَةٍ, (ISk, S, K,) or السَّبْعَةِ, (Msb,) He seized him with the seizing of a lioness, (ISk, S, K,) or of the lioness, (Msb,) which is more impetuous (أَنْزَقُ) than the lion, (ISk, S,) or more bold than the lion: (Msb:) or the saying is, أَخَذَهُ أَخْذَ سَبْعَةَ (S, K) he seized him with the seizing of Seb'ah, who was a certain strong man, (Ibn-El-Kelbee, S,) or a certain insolent and audacious rebel, (Ibn-El-Kelbee, Lth, K,) of the Arabs, (TA,) whom one of the kings of El-Yemen seized, and, after having cut off his hands and feet, or arms and legs, crucified; [so that the meaning is, he punished him with the punishment of Seb'ah;] and hence it was said, لَأُعَذِّبَنَّكَ عَذَابَ سَبْعَةَ [I will assuredly punish thee with the punishment of Seb'ah]; (El-Kelbee, Lth, K; *) and لَأَعْمَلَنَّ بِكَ عَمَلَ سَبْعَةَ I will assuredly do with thee as was done with Seb'ah: (O:) or the man's name was سَبُعٌ, and it was contracted, and made fem. by way of contempt: or the meaning of the first saying is, he seized him with the seizing of seven men: (K:) and in like manner the last saying is expl. by some [who say سَبْعَةٍ instead of سَبْعَةَ]. (TA.) The dim. is ↓ سُبَيْعَةٌ. (Msb.) [See also سَبُعٌ.]

سَبُعِىٌّ Of, or relating to, an animal of prey.]

سَبْعُونَ [Seventy;] a well-known number; (K;) the round number that is between سِتُّونَ and ثَمَانُونَ. (TA.) b2: The Arabs also use it as meaning [Seventy or more; or] many. (TA.) Thus it is used in the Kur [ix. 81], where it is said, إِنْ تَسْتَغْفِرْ لَهُمْ سَبْعِينَ مَرَّةً فَلَنْ يَغْفِرَ اللّٰهُ لَهُمْ, meaning If thou beg forgiveness for them many times, even then God will not forgive them; not that God would forgive them if forgiveness were begged more than seventy times: (Bd, * TA:) and سَبْعَةٌ and سَبْعُمِائَةٍ and the like are used in the same manner. (Bd.) b3: [Also Seventieth.]

سُبَاعَ as meaning Seven and seven, or seven and seven together, or seven at a time and seven at a time, seems not to have been used; for] A'Obeyd says that more than أُحَادَ and ثُنَآءَ and ثُلَاثَ and رُبَاعَ has not been heard, excepting عُشَارَ. (TA in art. عشر.) سَبُوعٌ [app. Wont to frighten]: (TA: [in which the meaning here given seems to be indicated.]) سُبُوعٌ: see أُسْبُوعٌ, in four places.

سَبِيعٌ: see سُبْعٌ: b2: and سَابعٌ.

سُبَيْعَةٌ dim. of سَبُعَةٌ, q. v.

سُبَاعِىٌّ A garment, or piece of cloth, seven cubits, or seven spans, in length. (TA.) b2: A great and tall camel; (En-Nadr, K;) [as though seven cubits in height:] fem. with ة. (K.). and سُبَاعِىُّ البَدَنِ, (S, K,) applied to a man, has the like meaning; (K;) complete, or full-grown, in body; (S, TA;) [or seven spans in height; for] when a boy has attained seven spans, he is a man. (S, voce خُمَاسِىٌّ, q. v.) سَابِعٌ [act. part. n. of 1: generally meaning Seventh]: pl. سَبَعَةٌ. (K.) You say, كُنْتُ سَابِعَهُمْ [I was the seventh of them]. (S, K.) And هٰذَا هٰذَا ↓ سَبِيعُ, meaning سَابِعُهُ [This is the seventh of this: not the seventh part; though the former has also this latter meaning]. (TA.) And هُوَ سَابِعُ سَبْعَةٍ [He is the seventh of seven]. (TA.) And هُوَ سَابِعٌ سِتَّةً [He is making six to become seven]. (TA.) b2: إِبِلٌ سَوَابِعُ [pl. of سَابِعَةٌ] Camels coming to the water on the seventh day [counting the day of the next preceding watering as the first]. (TA.) [See سِبْعٌ.] b3: [سَابِعَ عَشَرَ and سَابِعَةَ عَشْرَةَ, the former masc. and the latter fem., meaning Seventeenth, are subject to the same rules as ثَالِثَ عَشَرَ and its fem., expl. in art. ثلث, q. v.]

أُسْبُوعٌ A certain number of days; (S, * Msb, K; *) i. e. seven days; a week; (Msb;) also termed ↓ سُبُوعٌ, (Lth, Msb, K,) by some of the Arabs; (Lth, Msb;) [and ↓ سُبْعٌ, as shown by what follows:] pl. of the first أَسَابِيعُ. (Msb, TA.) One says, ↓ أَقَمْتُ عِنْدَهُ سُبْعَيْنِ [in the sense of أُسْبُوعَيْنِ, which is more common,] i. e. I remained at his abode two weeks. (TA.) b2: Also The seventh day; and so ↓ سُبُوعٌ; as in a trad., where it is said, إِذَا كَانَ يَوْمَ سُبُوعِهِ, meaning When his seventh day after the celebration of his marriage is come. (TA.) [↓ يَوْمُ السُّبُوعِ is used in this sense in the present day: and also as meaning The seventh day after childbirth; in which sense it is generally to be understood when used unrestrictedly; as this day is celebrated with more rejoicing than the former: also as meaning the seventh day after the return from pilgrimage.] b3: And Seven circuitings [round the House of God, meaning the Kaabeh]: (Lth, Mgh, Msb:) pl. أَسَابِيعُ (S, Mgh, Msb) and أُسْبُوعَاتٌ. (Lth, Mgh, Msb.) You say, طَافَ بِالبَيْتِ أُسْبُوعًا, (S, Mgh, * K,) and ↓ سُبُوعًا, (Lth, IDrd, K,) but A boo Sa'eed says, I know not any one who has said this except IDrd, and the former is the word commonly known, (TA,) and ↓ سَبْعًا, (K,) and ↓ سُبْعًا, (TA,) He circuited round the House [of God] seven times, (S, TA,) or seven circuitings; (Mgh;) and ثَلَاثَةَ أَسَابِيعَ [thrice seven times, or thrice seven circuitings]. (S.) مُسْبَعٌ Given, or delivered, to the ظُؤُورَة [which means both nurse and nurses]: (Skr, S, TA:) this is the primary signification: (Skr:) or whose mother dies, and who is therefore suckled by another; (K; in which the next following signification may be regarded as implied, TA;) left to himself; or left without work, or occupation; applied to a slave; syn. مُهْمَلٌ: (Skr, S:) or مُتْرَفٌ, (Sgh, K,) [which has the same and other significations; or] which is [here] nearly the same as مُهْمَلٌ, for he who is مُهْمَل is usually مُتْرَف: (TA:) or one who is left to himself with the سِبَاع [or animals of prey] so that he becomes like one of them in mischievousness, or noxiousness, or evilness: (AO, K:) or who is left to himself and not restrained from his daringness, so that he remains daring: and a slave left to himself, and daring; left until he has become like the سَبُع: (TA:) or one whose origin is suspected; (K;) whose father is not known: (Er-Rághib, Sgh:) or a bastard: (K:) or one whose lineage is of slaves, (K, TA,) or ignoble, (TA,) up to seven male ancestors, (K, TA,) or, to seven female ancestors; (TA;) or, to four male ancestors; (En-Nadr, K;) or whose lineage is traced up to four female ancestors all of them slaves: (TA:) or born at seven months; (K, TA;) not matured by the womb, his months not being completed. (Az, IF, TA.) مُسْبِعٌ One whose camels come to the water on the seventh day [counting the day of the next preceding watering as the first]. (TA.) A2: A slave finding a سَبُع [or rapacious animal] among his sheep, or goats. (Aboo-Sa'eed Ed-Dareer, S.) أَرْضٌ مَسْبَعَةٌ, (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) with fet-h (S, Msb) to the first and third letters, (Msb,) like مَرْحَلَةٌ, (K) and مَذْأَبَةٌ, with an inseparable ة, (Sb,) A land containing, (S,) or abounding with, (Mgh, Msb, K,) سِبَاع [or animals of prey]. (S, Mgh, Msb, K.) مُسَبَّعٌ A verse consisting of seven feet. (TA.) b2: A camel having, in the middle part of his back, between the withers and the rump, seven vertebrae redundant [app. meaning in size]. (TA.) b3: [See also مُثَلَّثٌ.]

مَسْبُوعٌ A rope consisting of seven strands. (M, voce مَثْلُوثٌ.) A2: With ة, A cow, (S, TA,) [app. meaning a wild cow,] or [other] female wild animal, (TA,) whose offspring has been eaten by the سَبُع [or beast, or bird, of prey]. (S, TA.) مُتَسَبَّعٌ The place of a سَبُع [or beast, or bird, of prey]. (TA.)

ثن

ى1 ثَنَاهُ, (T, S, M, Mgh, Msb, K,) said in the K to be like سَعَى, implying that the aor. is ثَنَىَ, but this is a mistake, (MF, TA,) [for it is well known that] the aor. is ثَنِىَ, (Msb,) inf. n. ثَنْىٌ, (S, M, Msb, &c.,) He doubled it, or folded it; (T;) he turned one part of it upon another; (M, K;) he bent it; (T, S, Mgh, Msb, TA;) he drew, or contracted, one of its two extremities to [or towards] the other; or joined, or adjoined, one of them to the other; thus bending it; (Mgh;) namely, a stick, or branch, or twig, (Mgh,) or a thing, (T, S, M, Msb, K,) of any kind. (T.) One says of a man with the mention of whom one begins, in relation to an honourable or a praiseworthy quality, or in relation to science or knowledge, بِهِ تُثْنَى الخَنَاصِرُ, (T,) meaning With [the mention of] him, (T, and Msb in art. خصر,) among others of his class, (Msb ib.,) the little fingers are bent. (T, and Msb ubi suprá. [For the Arabs, in counting with the fingers, first bend the tip of the little finger down to the palm of the hand; then, the tip of the next; and so on; bending the thumb down upon the other fingers for five; and then continue by extending the fingers, one after another, again commencing with the little finger.]) And a poet says, فَإِنْ عُدَّ مَجْدٌ أَوْ قَدِيمٌ لِمَعْشَرٍ

فَقَوْمِى بِهِمْ تُثْنَى هُنَاكَ لأَصَابِعُ [And if glory, or any old ground of pretension to honour, be reckoned as belonging to a body of men, it is my people, with the mention of them, in that case, the fingers are bent]; meaning that they are reckoned as the best; (IAar, M;) for the best are not many. (M.) One says also, ثَنَى وَرِكَهُ فَنَزَلَ [lit. He bent his hip, and alighted], meaning he alighted from his beast. (T.) and ثَنَى رِجْلَهُ عَنْ دَابَّتِهِ, meaning He drew up his leg to his thigh, and alighted. (M.) But قَبْلَ أَنْ يَثْنِىَ رِجْلَهُ, occurring in a trad., means Before he turned his leg from the position in which it was in the pronouncing of the testimony of the faith. (IAth.) ثَنَى صَدْرَهُ, aor. and inf. n. as above, [lit. He folded his breast, or bosom,] means (assumed tropical:) he concealed enmity in his breast, or bosom: or he folded up what was in it, in concealment. (TA.) It is said in the Kur [xi. 5], أَلَا إِنَّهُمْ يَثْنَونَ صُدُورَهُمْ, meaning [Now surely] they infold and conceal [in their bosoms] enmity and hatred: (Fr, T:) or they bend their breasts, or bosoms, and fold up, and conceal, what is therein: (Zj, T:) I'Ab read, صُدُورُهُمْ ↓ تَثْنَوْنِى: you say, اِثْنَوْنَى صَدْرُهُ عَلَى البَغْضَآءِ, meaning his breast, or bosom, infolded, or concealed, vehement hatred: (T:) or the phrase in the Kur, accord. to the former reading, means they bend, or turn, their breasts, or bosoms, from the truth; they turn themselves away therefrom: or they incline their breasts, or bosoms, to unbelief, and enmity to the Prophet: or they turn their backs: (Bd:) [for] b2: ثَنَاهُ, (T, S, Msb, TA,) aor. as above, (Msb,) and so the inf. n., (T, Msb, TA,) also signifies He turned him, or it, away or back. (T, S, Msb, TA.) Also He turned him, or turned him away or back, (Lth, T, S,) from the course that he desired to pursue, (Lth, T,) or from the object of his want: (S:) or you say, ثَنَاهُ عَنْ وَجْهِهِ, (Mgh,) and عَنْ حَاجَتِهِ, (TA,) and عَنْ مُرَادِهِ, (Msb,) he turned him, or turned him away or back, (Mgh, Msb, TA,) from his course, (Mgh,) and from the object of his want, (TA,) and from the object of his desire. (Msb.) One says also, فُلَانٌ لَا يُثْنَى عَنْ قِرْنِهِ وَلَا عَنْ وَجْهِهِ [Such a one will not be turned, or turned away or back, from his antagonist, nor from his course]. (T.) b3: Also He tied it; or tied it in a knot or knots; or tied it firmly, fast, or strongly. (TA.) You say, ثَنَيْتُ البَعِيرَ بِثِنَايَيْنِ, meaning, accord. to As, as related by A'Obeyd, I bound both the fore legs of the camel with two bonds: but correctly, I bound the two fore legs of the camel with the two ends of a rope; the last word meaning a single rope: (T:) عَقَلْتُهُ بِثَنْيَيْنِ means I bound one of his fore shanks to the arm with two ties, or tyings. (T, M.) b4: ثَنْىٌ [as inf. n. of ثَنَى] also signifies The act of drawing, or joining, or adjoining, one [thing] to another; (Lth, T, Mgh;) and so ↓ تَثْنِيَةٌ [inf. n. of ثنّى]. (Mgh.) b5: [As ثَلَثَهُمْ signifies “ he took the third of their property,” and “ he made them, with himself, three,” and other verbs of number are used in similar senses, so] ثَنَاهُ signifies He took the half of their property: or he drew, or adjoined, to him what became with him two: (TA:) or ثَنَيْتُهُ, (S, Msb,) aor. and inf. n. as above, (Msb,) signifies I became (S, Msb) to him, (S,) or with him, (Msb,) a second; (S, Msb;) or I was a second to him, or it: (Er-Rághib:) or one should not say thus, but that Az says, (M,) هُوَ وَاحِدٌ فَاثْنِهِ (M, K [but in the latter, هٰذَا in the place of هُوَ, and in the CK, ↓ فأَثْنِه,]) he is one, and be thou a second to him. (M, K.) b6: ثَنَى, aor. as above, also signifies He made eleven to be twelve. (T in art. ثلث.) b7: ثَنَى الأَرْضَ, inf. n. as above, He turned over the land, or ground, twice for sowing, or cultivating: (Mgh, and A * and TA * in art. ثلث:) and ↓ تَثْنِيَةٌ [inf. n. of ثنّى] and ثُنُيَانٌ [app. another inf. n. of ثَنَى, and app. correctly written ثُنْيَانٌ] are often used by [the Imám] Mohammad in the sense of ثَنْىٌ: he who explains تَثْنِيَةٌ as signifying the turning over [the land, or ground,] for sowing, or cultivating, after the harvest, or as signifying the restoring land to its owner turned over for sowing, or cultivating, commits an inadvertence. (Mgh.) b8: فَاثْنِنِى, occurring in a poem of Kutheiyir 'Azzeh, is explained as meaning Then give thou to me a second time: (M, TA:) but this is strange: (TA:) [ISd says,] I have not seen it in any other instance. (M.) b9: لَا يَثْنِى وَلَا يَثْلِثُ, (a phrase mentioned by IAar, M,) or وَلَا يُثَلِّثُ ↓ لَا يُثَنِّى, or وَلَا يُثْلِثُ ↓ لَا يُثْنِى: see 1 in art. ثلث.2 ثنّاهُ, (S, M, Msb, K,) inf. n. تَثْنِيَةٌ, (S, K,) He made it two; or called it two. (S, M, MS b, K.) [Hence,] ثَنَّى means also He counted two; whence the saying, فُلَانٌ يُثَنِّى وَلَا يُثَلِّثُ; see art. ثلث: (A and TA in art. ثلث:) [and so, app., ↓ اِثَّنَى; for] a poet says, بَدَا بِأَبِى ثُمَّ اثَّنَى بِأَبِى أَبِى

[which seems plainly to mean He began with my father; then counted two with the father of my father]. (M.) b2: [He dualized it, namely, a word; made it to have a dual. b3: He marked it with two points, namely, a ت or a ى.] b4: He repeated it; iterated it. (Mgh.) See 1, in three places. b5: ثنّى لِامْرَأَتِهِ, or عِنْدَهَا, He remained two nights with his wife: and in like manner the verb is used in relation to any saying or action. (TA voce سَبَّعَ.) b6: ثنّى بِالأَمْرِ He did the thing immediately after another thing. (T.) b7: تَثْنِيَةٌ also signifies A man's requesting others [who are playing with him at the game called المَيْسِر] to return, for [a chance of] the stakes, his arrow, when it has been successful, and he has been secure, and has won. (Lh, M.) A2: See also 4.4 أَثْنَتْ, or ↓ اِثْتَنَتْ, She brought forth her second offspring. (TA in art. بكر.) b2: See also 1, in two places. b3: اثنى, (inf. n. إِثْنَآءٌ, TA,) He shed his tooth called the ثَنِيَّة; (S, Mgh, Msb;) he became what is termed ثُنِىّ; said of a camel [&c.]: (M, K:) he shed his رَوَاضِع [pl. of رَاضِعَة which is the same, in this case, as ثَنِيَّة]; said of a horse [&c.]. (IAar, T.) A2: اثنى عَلَيْهِ, (T, S, M, Msb, K, &c.,) inf. n. إِثْنَآءٌ; (T;) and ↓ ثنّى, inf. n. تَثْنِيَةٌ, accord. to the K, but this is a mistake for ↓ ثبّى, inf. n. تَثْبِيَةٌ; (TA;) He praised, eulogized, commended, or spoke well of, him: and he dispraised, censured, discommended, or spoke ill of, him: (T, * M, Msb, K:) the object is either God or a man: (T:) or it has the former meaning only: (M, K;) or the former meaning is the more common: (Msb:) accord. to IAar, اثنى signifies he spoke, or said, well, or good; and ill, or evil; and انثى, “he defamed,” or “did so in the absence of the object;” and “he disdained, scorned, shunned, disliked, or hated,” a thing: (T:) and you say, اثنى عَلَيْهِ خَيْرًا [He spoke, or said, well, or good, of him]; (S, and TA from a trad.;) and شَرًّا [ill, or evil], also. (TA from the same trad.) One says also, أَثْنَيْتُ فِعْلَهُ [I praised his deed]; meaning عَلَى فِعْلِهِ; or because أَثْنَى means مَدَحَ. (Ham p. 696.) 5 تثنّى: see 7. b2: Also He affected an inclining of his body, or a bending, or he inclined his body, or bent, from side to side; syn. تَمَايَلَ: (Har pp. 269 and 271:) and he walked with an elegant and a proud and self-conceited gait, with an affected inclining of the body from side to side; or with a twisting of the back, and with extended steps; syn. تَبَخْتَرَ. (Idem p. 271.) Yousay, تثنّى فِى مِشْيَتِهِ (S, and Har p. 269) He affected an inclining of his body, or a bending, or he inclined his body, or bent, from side to side, in his gait. (Har ib.) [And in like manner, and more commonly, one says of a woman.]7 انثنى, (T, S, M, K,) and ↓ تثنّى, and ↓ اِثَّنَى, of the measure اِفْتَعَلَ, (M, K,) originally اِثْتَنَى, (M,) and ↓ اِثْنَوْنَى, (T, S, K,) of the measure اِفْعَوْعَلَ, (T, S,) It was, or became, doubled, or folded; (T;) it had one part turned upon another; (M, K;) it was, or became, bent. (T, S.) b2: [Hence,] انثنى signifies also He turned, or turned away or back, (Har pp. 44 and 120,) عَنْ أَمْرٍ from an affair, after having determined to do it. (Lth in TA art. زمع.) 8 إِثْتَنَىَ see 7, and 4: b2: and see also 2.10 استثناهُ He set it aside as excluded; or he excluded it, or excepted it; مِنْ شَىْءٍ from a thing; syn. حَاشَاهُ: (M:) or he set it aside, or apart, for himself: and in the conventional language of the grammarians, [he excepted it; i. e.] he excluded it from the predicament in which another thing was included, or in which other things were included: (Mgh:) الاِسْتِثْنَآءُ [in grammar] is the turning away the agent from reaching the object of the اِسْتِثْنَآء: (Msb:) in the case of an oath [and the like], it means the saying إِنْ شَآءَ اللّٰهُ [If God will]. (Mgh.) [See ثُنْيَا.]12 اثنونى: see 7; and see also 1.

ثِنْىٌ A duplication, or doubling, of a thing: (T, * S, Msb:) pl. أَثْنَآءٌ; (S, Msb;) or the sing. may be ↓ ثَنًى. (Msb.) b2: A folding: so in the saying, أَنْفَذْتُ كَذَا ثِنْىَ كِتَابِى, (S, TA,) or فِى ثِنْىِ كِتَابِىِ (so in a copy of the S,) i. e., فِى طَيِّهِ [lit. I sent, or transmitted, such a thing within the folding of my writing, or letter; meaning infolded, or enclosed, in it; and included in it]. (S, TA.) b3: A duplicature, or fold, of a garment, or piece of cloth: (TA:) or what is turned back of the extremities thereof: (T:) pl. as above: whence, in a trad. of Aboo-Hureyreh, كَانَ يَثْنِيهِ عَلَيْهِ أَثْنَآءً مِنْ سَعَتِهِ [He used to fold it upon him in folds by reason of its width]; meaning the garment. (TA.) [Hence the saying,] وَكَانَ ذٰلِكَ فِى أَثْنَآءِ كَذَا, i. e., فى غُضُونِهِ [lit and that was in the folds, meaning, in the midst, of such a thing, or such an affair, or event]. (TA.) And جَاؤُوا فِى أَثْنَآءِ الأَمْرِ They came in the midst of the affair, or event. (Msb.) [And hence, app.,] مَضَى ثِنْىٌ مِنَ اللَّيْل An hour, or a period, or a short portion, of the night passed; (M, K; *) syn. سَاعَةٌ, (Th, M, K,) or وَقْتٌ. (Lh, M, K.) [See also what is said below respecting its pl. in relation to a night.] b4: Also sing. of أَثْنَآءٌ meaning The parts of a thing that are laid together like the strands of a rope, or that are laid one upon another as layers or strata, or side by side as the things that compose a bundle; (قُوَاهُ, and طَاقَاتُهُ; [rendered by Freytag “ virtutes, facultates rei; ”]) and ↓ مَثَانٍ, of which the sing. is ↓ مَثْنَاةٌ and ↓ مِثْنَاةٌ, signifies the same. (M, K.) b5: Also A bending of the neck of a sheep, or goat, not in consequence of disease: (K: but in the M, ثَنْىٌ [inf. n. of 1]:) and a serpent's bending, or folding, of itself: (M, K:) and also (thus in the M, but in the K “or”) a curved part of a serpent that has folded itself; (M, K;) pl. أَثْنَآءٌ, (M,) i. e. the folds of a coiled serpent. (T.) The pl. is used metaphorically [as though meaning (tropical:) The turns] of a night. (M. [But see explanations of the sing. as used in relation to a night in what precedes.] b6: A part that is bent, or folded, or doubled, of a وِشَاح [q. v.]; (TA;) pl. as above: (T, TA:) and so of a rope: (S:) or a portion of the extremity of a rope folded, or doubled, [so as to form a loop,] for binding therewith the pastern of the fore leg of a beast, to serve as a tether. (T.) Tarafeh says, لَعَمْرُكَ إِنَّ المَوْتَ مَا أَخْطَأَ الفَتَى

لَكَالطِّوَلِ المُرْخَى وَثِنْيَاهُ بِالْيَدِ [By thy life, death, while missing the strong young man, is like the tether that is slackened while the two folded extremities thereof are upon the fore leg, or in the hand: see طِوَلٌ]: (T, S:) he means that the young man must inevitably die, though his term of life be protracted; like as the beast, though his tether be lengthened and slackened, cannot escape, being withheld by its two extremities: (so in a copy of the T:) or by ثنياه he means its extremity; using the dual form because it is folded, or doubled, upon the pastern, and tied with a double tie: (so in another copy of the T:) or he means, while its two extremities are in the hand of its owner: (EM p. 91:) by ما اخطأ, he means فِى إِخْطَائِهِ, (S in art. طول,) or مُدَّةَ إِخْطَائِهِ: and the ل [prefixed to the ك of comparison] is for corroboration. (EM ubi suprá.) You say also, رَبَّقَ أَثْنَآءَ الحَبْلِ, meaning He made loops in the middle of the rope to put upon the necks of the young lambs or kids. (T.) b7: Also A bend, or place of bending, of a valley, (S, M, * K,) and of a mountain: (S:) pl. as above: (M, K:) and ↓ مَثَانٍ [likewise] signifies the bends of a valley. (T, K.) A2: A she-camel that has brought forth twice, (S,) or two, (M,) or a second time: (K:) or, as some say, that has brought forth once: but the former is more analogical: (M:) one does not say ثِلْثٌ [as meaning “ that has brought forth thrice ”], nor use any similar epithet above this: (S, TA:) pl. ثُنَآءٌ, like ظُؤَارٌ pl. of ظِئْرٌ, accord. to Sb, (M, TA,) and أَثْنَآءٌ accord. to others: (TA:) in like manner it is applied to a woman, (S, M,) metaphorically: (M:) and to the she-camel's second young one: (S, M:) accord. to As, as related by A'Obeyd, a she-camel that has brought forth once: also that has brought forth twice: [so says Az, but he adds,] but what I have heard from the Arabs is this; that they term a she-camel that has brought forth her first young one بِكْر; and her first young one, her بِكْر; and when she brought forth a second, she is termed ثِنْىٌ; and her young one, her ثِنْى: and this is what is correct. (T.) [Hence the saying,] مَا هٰذَا الأَمْرُ مِنْكَ بِكْرًا وَلَا ثِنْيًا (tropical:) This thing, or affair, is not thy first nor thy second. (A and TA in art. بكر.) b2: See also ثُنْيَانٌ.

ثَنًى: see ثِنْىٌ, first sentence.

ثُنًى: see ثِنًى: b2: and see also ثُنْيَانٌ: b3: and اِثْنَانِ.

ثِنًى The repetition of a thing; doing it one time after another: (Aboo-Sa'eed, TA:) or a thing, or an affair, done twice: (S, Msb, TA:) this is the primary signification: (TA:) and ↓ ثُنًى signifies the same. (IB, TA.) It is said in a trad., لَا ثِنَى فِى الصَّدَقَةِ There shall be no repetition in the taking of the poor-rate; (IAth, TA;) [i. e.] the poor-rate shall not be taken twice in one year: (As, Ks, T, S, M, Mgh, K:) or two she-camels shall not be taken in the place of one for the poor-rate: (M, IAth, K: *) or there shall be no retracting of an alms; or no revoking it: (Mgh, K, * TA:) this last is the meaning accord. to Aboo-Sa'eed, (Mgh, TA,) i. e. Ed-Dareeree, (Mgh,) who, in explaining this trad., as relating to the giving an alms to a man and then desiring to take it back, says he does not deny that ثِنًى

has the meaning first assigned to it above in this paragraph. (TA.) b2: See also ثُنْيانٌ: b3: and اِثْنَانِ.

ثَنْوَى and ثُنْوَى: see ثُنْيَا, in four places.

ثُنْيَةٌ: see ثُنْيَا, in three places.

ثِنْيَةٌ The lowest, most ignoble, or meanest, of the people of his house; applied to a man. (S, TA.) b2: Also pl. of ثُنْيَانٌ, q. v. (S, K.) ثُنْيَا a subst. from اِسْتِثْنَآءٌ; (S, Mgh, Msb;) as also ↓ ثَنْوَى; the former with damm, and the latter with fet-h: (S, Msb:) both are syn. with اِسْتِثْنَآءٌ [used as a subst., meaning An exception]; (T;) as also ↓ ثَنِيَّةٌ, (T, K,) or ↓ ثُنْيَةٌ, (accord. to one copy of the T,) and ↓ مَثْنَوِيَّةٌ: (T:) so in the saying, حَلَفَ يَمِينًا لَيْسَ فِيهَا ثُنْيَا and ↓ ثُنْوَى and ↓ ثَنِيَّةٌ or ↓ ثُنْيَةٌ and ↓ مَثْنَوِيَّةٌ [he swore an oath in which there was not an exception]; for when the swearer says, “By God I will not do such and such things unless God will otherwise,” he reverses what he [first] says by God's willing otherwise: (T: [see 10:]) [and so in the saying,] ↓ حَلْفَةٌ غَيْرُ ذَاتِ مَثْنَوِيَّةٍ a swearing not made lawful [by an exception]: (M:) [so too in the saying,] ↓ بَيْعٌ مَا فِيهِ مَثْنَوِيَّةٌ [and ثُنْيَا &c.] (K in art. لحج) a sale in which there is not an exception: (TA in that art.:) or ثُنْيَا signifies a thing excepted, (M, Mgh, K,) whatever it be; (K) as also ↓ ثَنْوَى, (M, K,) with و substituted for ى, (M,) or ↓ ثُنْوَى, (so in the TA, [but probably through inadvertence,]) and ↓ ثَنِيَّةٌ, (M, K,) or ↓ ثُنْيَةٌ. (TA.) In a sale, it is unlawful when it is the exception of a thing unknown; and when one sells a slaughtered camel for a certain price and excepts the head and extremities: (T, TA:) or when an exception is made from things sold without measuring or weighting or numbering: and in a contract with another for labour upon land on the condition of sharing the produce, it is when one excepts a certain measure after the half or the third. (IAth, TA.) The saying of Mo-hammad, مَنِ اسْتَثْنَى فَلَهُ ثُنْيَاهُ means Whoso maketh an exception, his shall be what he excepteth: (M, TA: *) as, for instance, when one says, “I divorce her thrice, save once: ” or “ I emancipate them, except such a one. ” (TA.) b2: It also means particularly The head and legs of a slaughtered camel; (T, M, * K;) because the seller of the camel used, in the Time of Ignorance, to except them; (T;) and IF adds, but incorrectly, the back-bone: (Sgh, TA:) whence, applied to a she-camel, مُذَكَّرَةُ الثُّنْيَا, (T, M,) meaning Resembling the make of the male in [the largeness of] her head and legs; (Th, M;) or جُمَالِيَّةُ الثُّنْيَا, having thick legs, like those of the male camel in thickness. (T.) [Also, app., The exception, or omission, of a day, in irrigation: see 3 in art. ثلث, and ثِلْثٌ in the same art.] and ↓ ثَنِيَّةٌ signifies also A palm-tree that is excepted from a bargain. (M, K.) And The martyrs whom God has excepted from those who shall fall down dead or swooning: (M, K:) these, accord. to Kaab, are اللّٰهِ فِى الأَرْضِ ↓ ثَنِيّةُ [those whom God has excepted on the earth]; (T, M;) alluded to in the Kur [xxxix. 68], where it is said, “and the horn shall be blown, and those who are in the heavens and those on the earth shall fall down dead, or swooning, except those whom God shall please [to except]. ” (T.) ثُنْيَانٌ The second chief; the person who comes second as a chief; (A'Obeyd, T;) the person who is [next] below the سَيِّد, (S, M, K, [in some copies of the K, erroneously, سيل,]) in rank; (S;) as also ↓ ثِنًى (A'Obeyd, T, S, M, K) and ↓ ثُنًى (A'Obeyd, T, S, K) and ↓ ثِنْىٌ: (K:) pl. (of the first, S) ثِنْيَةٌ [which is also a sing., mentioned above]. (S, K.) [See an ex. in a verse cited voce بَدْءٌ.] b2: A man having no judgment nor intelligence, or understanding. (M, K.) b3: Applied to judgment, or an opinion, (M, K,) (tropical:) Wrong, or having a wrong tendency; (M;) bad, corrupt, unsound, or wrong. (K, TA.) A2: Also a pl. of ثَنِىٌّ [q. v.]. (S, M, &c.) ثَنَوِىٌّ rel. n. of اِثْنَانِ, and of اِثْنَا عَشَرَ, when either or these is used as the proper name of a man; as also ↓ اِثْنِىٌّ [with ا when connected with a preceding word]; like بِنَوِىٌّ and اِبْنِىٌّ as rel. ns. of اِبْنٌ. (S.) b2: And الثَّنَوِيَّةُ [The Dualists;] the sect who assert the doctrine of Dualism [الاِثْنَيْنِيَّة]. (TA.) ثَنَآءٌ, [and accord. to the CK, ثَنِيَّةٌ, but this is a mistranscription for تَثْنِيَة, inf. n. of ثَنَّى, and تَثْنِيَة is a mistake for تَثْبِيَة, inf. n. of ثَبَّى, (see 4,)] Praise, eulogy, or commendation, (T, S, M, Msb, K,) of a man, (T, M,) and of God: (T:) and dispraise, censure, or discommendation, (T, M, Msb, K,) of a man: (T, M:) or the former only: (M, K:) or more frequently the former: (Msb:) so termed because it is repeated: (Ham p. 696:) that it relates to good speech and evil is asserted by many. (TA.) ثُنَآءُ and ثُنَآءَ: see مَثْنَى.

ثِنَآءٌ The cord, or rope, with which a camel's fore shank and his arm are bound together; (S, K;) and the like; consisting of a folded, or doubled, cord, or rope: each of the folds, or duplicatures, thereof would be thus termed if the word were used in the sing. form: (S:) Ibn-EsSeed [in the CK, erroneously, Ibn-Es-Seedeh] allows it; and therefore it is given as on his authority in the K: (TA:) and Lth allows it; but in this instance he allows what the Arabs do not allow: (T:) you say, عَقَلْتُ البَعِيرَ بِثِنَايَيْنِ, meaning I bound together the fore shanks and the arms of the camel with a rope, (S,) or with two ropes, (M, [but this is probably a mistake of a copyist,]) or with the two ends of a rope; (Az, T, S, M;) without ء because the word has no sing.: (Kh, Sb, T, S:) Lth allows one's saying بِثِنَآءَيْنِ also; but the Basrees and Koofees [in general] agree that it is without ء: (T:) IB says that it has no sing. because it is a single rope, with one end of which one fore leg is bound, and with the other end the other leg; and IAth says the like: (TA:) this rope is also called ↓ ثِنَايَةٌ; but a single rope for binding one fore shank and arm is not thus called. (T.) See also ثِنَايَةٌ. b2: And see ثَانٍ.

A2: The فِنَآء [or court, or open or wide space, in front, or extending from the sides,] (M, K,) of a house: (M:) [in the CK, الغِناءُ is erroneously put for الفِناءُ:] accord. to IJ, from ثَنَى, aor. ـْ because there one is turned back, by its limits, from expatiating; but A'Obeyd holds the ث to be a substitute for ف. (M.) ثَنِىٌّ Shedding his tooth called the ثَنِيَّة [q. v.]: (S, M, Msb:) or that has shed the tooth so called: (T, Mgh:) applied to a camel &c., as follows: (T, S, M, &c.:) or, as some say, to any animal that has shed that tooth, except man: (M:) fem. with ة: (T, S, M, Msb, K:) a camel in the sixth year; (T, S, M, IAth, Mgh, Msb, K;) the least age at which he may be sacrificed: (T:) and a horse in the fourth year; (IAar, T, Mgh, K;) or in the third year: (S, Msb:) and a cloven-hoofed animal, (S, Mgh, Msb,) or a sheep or goat and an animal of the bovine kind, [respecting which last see عَضْبٌ,] (T, IAth, K,) in the third year: (T, S, IAth, Mgh, Msb, K:) or a sheep and a goat, (M,) the latter accord. to the persuasion of Ahmad [Ibn-Hambal], (TA,) in the second year: (M:) and a gazelle after the age at which he is termed جَذَعٌ: (M: [see شَصَرٌ:]) in all cases, after what is termed جَذَعٌ and before what is termed رَبَاعٍ: (Mgh:) pl. (masc., S, TA) ثُنْيَانٌ and ثِنَآءٌ (S, M, Mgh, Msb) and ثُنَآءٌ, and, accord. to Sb, ثُنٍ; (M;) and pl. fem. ثَنِيَّاتٌ. (S.) الثُّنَىُّ, or الثُّنِىُّ: see اِثْنَانِ.

ثَنِيَّةٌ I. q. عَقَبَةٌ: (AA, M, Mgh, K:) or the latter means a long mountain that lies across the road, and which the road traverses; and the former, any such mountain that is traversed: (T:) so called because it lies before the road, and crosses it; or because it turns away him who traverses it: (Mgh:) or the road of what is termed عَقَبَة: (S; and so in copies of the K:) or a high road of what is thus termed: (K accord. to the TA:) or a road in, or upon, a mountain, (M, K,) like that which is termed نَقْبٌ [q. v.]: (M:) or a road to a mountain: (M, K:) or a mountain (M, K) itself: (M:) or a part of a mountain that requires one, in traversing it, to ascend and descend; as though it turned the course of journeying: (Er-Rághib, TA:) pl. ثَنَايَا: (T, S:) which signifies also [such roads as are termed] مَدَارِج. (T.) Hence the phrase, فُلَانٌ طَلَّاعُ الثَّنَايَا Such a one rises to eminences, or to lofty things or circumstances, or to the means of attaining such things; like the phrase طَلَّاعُ أَنْجُدٍ

[q. v.]: (S:) or, like the latter phrase, is accustomed to embark in, or undertake, or to surmount, or master, lofty and difficult things: (Mgh:) or is hardy, strong, or sturdy; one who embarks in, or undertakes, great affairs. (TA. [See an ex. under the heading of اِبْنُ جَلَا, in art. جلو: and see also art. طلع.]) b2: Also, (T, S, M, &c.,) pl. ثَنَايَا (T, S, Mgh, Msb) and ثَنِيَّاتٌ, (Msb,) One of certain teeth, (T, S, M, Mgh, Msb, K,) the foremost in the mouth, (M,) [namely, the central incisors,] four in number, (T, M, Mgh, Msb,) to man, and to the camel, (T, M, &c.,) and to the wild beast, (M,) in the fore part of the mouth, (T, Mgh, K,) two above and two below: (T, M, Mgh, K:) so called as being likened to the ثَنِيَّة of a mountain, in form and hardness; (TA;) or because each of them is placed next to its fellow. (Mgh.) A2: Also fem. of ثَنِىٌّ [q. v.]. (T, S, M, &c.) A3: See also ثُنْيَا, in five places.

ثِنَايَةٌ A cord, or rope, of goats' hair (شَعَر), or of wool, (S, K,) or of other material; (K;) as also ↓ ثِنَآءٌ (K) and ↓ مِثْنَاةٌ and ↓ مَثْنَاةٌ; (M, K;) which last is explained by IAar as signifying [simply] a cord, or rope: (M:) [or] the first has the meaning assigned to it above, voce ثِنَآءٌ; syn. with ثِنَايَانِ: and signifies also a long rope; whence the saying of Zuheyr, describing the [she-camel termed] سَانِيَة, تَمْطُو الرِّشَآءَ وَتُجْرِى فِى ثِنَايَتِهَا مِنَ المَحَالَةِ قَبًّا رَائِدًا قَلِقَا (T,) meaning [She draws the well-rope, and causes to run,] with her ثناية upon her, (ISk, T,) [a wabbling, unsteady, sheave (?) of the large pulley;] the ثناية here being a rope of which the two ends are tied to the saddle (قَتَب) of the سانية; the [upper] end of the well-rope being tied to its ↓ مِثْنَاة [which here means the folded middle part]: (T:) but Aboo-Sa'eed says that it [here] means a piece of wood by which are connected the two extremities of the cheeks, or side-pieces, (طرفا الميلين, [the latter of which words I here render conjecturally, supposing it to be similar in meaning to القَعْوِ or القَعْوَيْنِ,]) above the محالة, and a similar piece below; the محالة and [qu. or] the sheave turning between the tow pieces thus called. (T, in a later portion of the art.) ثُنَائِىٌّ [a rel. n. from اِثْنَانِ, anomalously formed, but analogous with other rel. ns. from ns. of number, as رُبَاعِىٌّ ثُلَاثِىٌّ, &c., Of, or relating to, two things]. b2: كَلِمَةٌ ثُنَائِيَّةٌ A word comprising, or composed of, two letters; as يَدٌ, and دُمْ [or دَمٌ?]. (TA.) ثِنْتَانِ a fem of اِثْنَانِ, q. v.

ثَانٍ [act. part. n. of 1; Doubling, or folding; &c.]. Hence, هُوَ ثَانٍ رِجْلَهُ While he was bending his leg before rising, or standing up. (TA from a trad.) [And جَآءَ ثَانِىَ عِطْفِهِ: see art. عطف.] One says of a horseman who has bent the neck of his beast on the occasion of his vehement running, جَآءَ ثَانِىَ العِنَانِ [He came bending the rein by pulling it with both hands a little apart]: (T:) or جَآءَ ثَانِيًا مِنْ عِنَانِهِ [he came bending a part of his rein]. (S.) And of the horse himself, one says, جَآءَ سَابِقًا ثَانِيًا, i. e. He came outstripping, with bent neck, by reason of briskness; because when he is fatigued, he stretches out his neck; and when he is not fatigued nor jaded by running, but comes in his first run, he bends his neck: and hence the saying of the poet, وَمَنْ يَفْخَرْ بِمِثْلِ أَبِى وَجَدِّى

يَجِئْ قَبْلَ السَّوَابِقِ وَهُوَ ثَانِى

i. e. [And he who glories in the like of my father and my grandfather, let him come before the mares that outstrip,] he being like the horse that outstrips [all others], with bent neck; or it may mean, he bending the neck of his horse which has outstripped the others. (T.) [Hence also,] شَاةٌ ثَانِيَةٌ A sheep, or goat, bending the neck, not in consequence of disease. (M, K.) b2: [Also Second; the ordinal of two: fem. with ة.] You say, هٰذَا ثَانِى هٰذَا [This is the second of this]; i. e. this is what has made this a pair, or couple: (M:) and فُلَانٌ (T) or هٰذَا (S) ثَانِى اثْنَيْنِ, (T, S,) i. e. Such a one, or this, is [the second of two, or] one of the two; (T, S;) like as you say ثَالِتُ ثَلَاثَةٍ; and so on to عَشَرَة: but not with tenween: (S:) [i. e.,] you may not say ثانٍ اثْنَيْنِ: (T: [see ثَالِثٌ:]) but if the two [terms] disagree, you may use either mode; (S;) you may say, هٰذَا (S) or هُوَ (Mgh) ثَانِى وَاحِدٍ and ثَانٍ وَاحِدًا, (S, Mgh,) i. e. This has become a second to one, (S,) [or rather, becomes &c. (i. e. يَثْنِى rather than ثَنَى),] or he, or it, makes one, with himself, or itself, to be two. (Mgh.) ↓ ثِنَآء also signifies the same in a trad. respecting the office of commander, or governor, or prince; where it is said, أَوَّلُهَا مَلَامَةٌ وَثِنَاؤُهَا نَدَامَةٌ وَثِلَاثُهَا عَذابُ يَوْمِ القِيَامَةِ إِلَّا مَنْ عَدَلَ, i. e. [The first result thereof is blame, and] the second [is regret, and] the third [is the punishment of the day of resurrection, except in the case of him who acts equitably]: so says Sh. (T.) b3: And الثَّوَانِى [pl. of الثَّانِيَةُ] signifies [The second horns;] the horns that are [next] after the أَوَائِل. (M.) b4: [ثَانِىَ عَشَرَ and ثَانِيَةَ عَشْرَةَ, the former masc. and the latter fem., meaning Twelfth, are subject to the same rules as ثَالِثَ عَشَرَ and its fem., explained in art. ثلث.]

أَثْنَآءٌ pl. of ثِنْىٌ and of اِثْنَانِ: and also syn. with this latter, q. v.

اِثْنِىٌّ: see ثَنَوِىٌّ.

اِثْنَانِ a noun of number; (S, Msb;) applied to the dual number; (Msb;) meaning [Two;] the double of وَاحِدٌ; (M, K;) with a conjunctive ا [when not immediately preceded by a quiescence, written اثْنَانِ]; (T, S, Msb;) but this is sometimes made disjunctive when connected with a preceding word by poetic license: (T, S:) of the masc. gender: (S:) fem. اِثْنَتَانِ, (T, S, Msb,) in which, also, the ا is conjunctive; (T, Msb;) and ↓ ثِنْتَانِ; (T S, M, Msb, K;) the latter sometimes used, (T,) [much less frequently than the former, though the only fem. form mentioned in the M and K,] and of the dial. of Temeem; (Msb;) like as one says, هِىَ ابْنَةُ فُلَانٍ and هِىَ بِنْتُهُ: (T:) the ت in the dual is a substitute for the final radical, ى, (M, TA,) as it is in أَسْنَتُوا, the only other instance of this substitution except in words of the measure اِفْتَعَلَ: (Sb, M, TA:) in اِثْنَانِ, the final radical, ى is suppressed: (Msb:) it has no sing.: (Lth, T:) if it were allowable to assign to it a sing., it would be اِثْنٌ [for the masc.] and اِثْنَةٌ [for the fem.], like اِبْنٌ and اِبْنَةٌ: (S:) accord. to some, (Msb,) it is originally ثِنْىٌ; (T, Msb, CK;) and hence the dual ثِنْتَانِ: (Msb:) or it is originally ثَنَىٌ, (M, Msb, and so in a copy of the K,) the conjunctive ا being then substituted for the ى whence the dual اثْنَانِ, like ابْنَانِ: (Msb:) this is shown by the form of its pl., which is أَثْنَآءٌ, (M, K,) like أَبْنَآءٌ [pl. of ابْنٌ, which is originally بَنَىٌ or بَنَوٌ,] and آخَآءٌ [pl. of أَخٌ, which is originally أَخَوٌ]. (M.) In the saying in the Kur [xvi. 53], لَا تَتَّخِذُوا إِٰلهَيْنِ اثْنَيْنِ [Take not to yourselves two gods], the last word is added as a corroborative. (M.) The phrase ثِنْتَا حَنْظَلٍ occurs, by poetic license, for اِثْنَتَانِ مِنْ حَنْظَلٍ, meaning حَنْظَلَتَانِ [Two colo-cynths]. (S.) You say also, القَدَحِ ↓ شَرِبْتُ أَثْنَآءَ, and شَرِبْتُ اثْنَىْ هٰذَا القَدَحِ, meaning [I drank] twice as much as the bowl, and as this bowl: and in like manner, شَرِبْتُ اثْنَىْ مُدِّ البَصْرَةِ and اثْنَيْنِ بِمُدِّ البَصْرَةِ [I drank twice the quantity of the مُدّ of El-Basrah]. (M.) And a poet says, ↓ فَمَا حُلِبَتْ إِلَّا الثَّلَاثَةَ وَالثُّنَى

وَلَا قُيِّلَتْ إِلَّا قَرِيبًا مَقَالُهَا meaning [And she was not milked save] three vessels and two, [nor was she given her middaydrink save when her midday-resting was near.] (IAar, M.) b2: Hence, (Msb,) يَوْمُ الاِثْنَيْنِ, (S, Msb,) or الاِثْنَانِ alone, (M, K,) One of the days of the week; [the second; namely, Monday;] because the first, with the Arabs, is الأَحَدُ; (M;) as also ↓ الثِّنَى, like إِلَى; (K;) so in the copies of the K; [or,] accord. to some, ↓ الثُّنِىُّ, [originally الثُّنُوىُ,] of the measure فُعُول, like ثُدِىٌّ [pl. of ثَدْىٌ], is used in this sense; (TA;) or ↓ اليَوْمُ الثُّنَىُّ, [so in the M, accord. to the TT,] mentioned by Sb, on the authority of certain of the Arabs: (M:) the pl. is أَثْنَآءٌ and أَثَانِينُ, (M, K,) the latter mentioned on the authority of Th: but it has no dual: and those who say أَثْنَآءٌ form this pl. from الاِثْنُ, although this has not been in use: (M:) or it has neither dual nor pl., (S, Msb,) being itself a dual; (S;) but if you would form a pl. from it, you would regard it as itself a sing., and make its pl. أَثَانِينُ: (S, Msb:) IB says that أَثَانِينُ has not been heard [from the Arabs], and is only mentioned by Fr, on the ground of analogy; that it is far-fetched in respect of analogy; and that the pl. heard is أَثْنَآءٌ: Seer and others mention, as heard from the Arabs, إِنَّهُ لَيَصُومُ الأَثْنَآءَ [Verily he fasts on the Mondays]. (TA.) الثنين in يوم الثنين has no dim. (Sb, S in art. امس.) IJ says that the article ال in الثنين is not redundant, though the word is not an epithet: Abu-l-'Abbás says that the prefixing of the article in this case is allowable because the virtual meaning is اليَوْمُ الثَّانِى [the second day]. (M.) The saying اليَوْمُ الاِثْنَانِ means The name of to-day [is الاثنان]; and is like the saying اليَوْمُ يَوْمَانِ [to-day is two days] and اليَوْمُ خَمْسَةَ عَشَرَ مِنَ الشَّهْرِ [to-day is fifteen of the month]. (Sb, M.) Sometimes, يَوْمُ اثْنَيْنِ, without the article ال, occurs in poetry. (M, K.) When a pronoun refers to الاثنان [as meaning Monday], this word may be treated in two ways, [as a sing. and as a dual,] but the more chaste way is to treat it as a sing., as meaning the day: (Msb:) [thus,] Aboo-Ziyád used to say, مَضَى الاِثْنَانِ بِمَا فِيهِ [Monday passed with what occurred in it]; making it sing. and masc.; and thus he did in the case of every day of the week, except that he made الجُمْعَة fem.: Abu-I-Jarráh used to say, مَضَى الاِثْنَانِ بِمَا فِيهِمَا, treating the word as a numeral; and thus he treated the third and fourth and fifth days, saying in each of these cases بِمَا فِيهِنَّ. (M.) b3: [اِثْنَا عَشَرَ, fem. اِثْنَتَا عَشْرَةَ; respectively, in a case of nasb and khafd, اِثْنَىْ عَشَرَ and اِثْنَتَىْ عَشْرَةَ; and with ا when not immediately preceded by a quiescence; mean Twelve: see عَشَرَةٌ.]

اِثْنَوِىٌّ, [with ا when not immediately preceded by a quiescence, in the CK erroneously written اَثْنَوِىّ,] One who fasts alone on the second day of the week. (IAar, Th, M, K.) الاِثْنَيْنِيَّةُ [The doctrine of dualism: see ثَنَوِىٌّ]. (TA.) مَثْنَى (S, Mgh) and ↓ ثُنَآءُ (T, S) [Two and two; two and two together; or two at a time and two at a time]: they are imperfectly decl., in like manner as [مَثْلَثُ and] ثُلَاثُ, as explained in art. ثلث; (S, TA;) [because] changed from the original form of اِثْنَانِ اثْنَانِ; (T, Mgh, TA;) or because of their having the quality of epithets and deviating from the original form of اِثْنَانِ; (Sb, S in art. ثلث, q. v.;) or because they deviate from their original as to the letter and the meaning; the original word being changed as above stated, and the meaning being changed to اِثْنَانِ اثْنَانِ. (S ibid.) You say, جَاؤُوا مَثْنَى and ↓ ثُنَآءَ (M, K) or مَثْنَى مَثْنَى, (S,) but this is a repetition of the word only, not of the meaning, (Mgh,) and in like manner one says of women, (M, K, *) i. e. They came two [and] two. (S, M, K.) And it is said in a trad., صَلَاةُ اللَّيْلِ مَثْنَى مَثْنَى, i. e. The prayer of night is two rek'ahs [and] two rek'ahs (رَكْعَتَانِ رَكْعَتَانِ). (TA.) [See also other exs. voce ثُلَاثُ.] b2: مَثْنَى الأَيَادِى The repeating a benefit, or benefaction; or reiterating it; conferring it twice, or thrice; (As, T, K;) or twice, or more than twice: (K:) or the shares remaining of the slaughtered camel (A'Obeyd, T, S, M, K) in the game called المَيْسِر, (A'Obeyd, T, S, K,) which shares a bountiful man used to purchase, and give for food to the أَبْرَام, (A'Obeyd, T, S, M, K,) i. e., those who took no part in the game, not contributing: (M:) or the taking a portion time after time. (AA, T, S, M.) b3: مَثَانٍ [is pl. of مَثْنًى as signifying A place of doubling, or folding &c.: and hence means b4: ] The knees and elbows of a horse or similar beast. (T, K.) b5: And The bends of a valley. (T, K. See ثِنْىٌ.) b6: And, as pl. of مَثْنًى, The chords of the lute that are after the first: (M, K:) or مثنى signifies a chord [of a lute] composed of two twists: or, as some say, the second chord. (Har p. 244. See مَثْلَثٌ.) b7: مَثْنًى also signifies The زِمَام [or noserein] of a she-camel: and Er-Rághib says that the مثناة [i. e. ↓ مَثْنَاة or ↓ مِثْنَاة] is the doubled, or folded, part of the extremity of the زِمَام. (TA.) b8: المَثَانِى as relating to the Kur-án is pl. of مَثْنًى, (Mgh,) or of ↓ مَثْنَاةٌ: (AHeyth, T, Mgh:) it has three applications, accord. to A'Obeyd: (T, Mgh:) it signifies The Kur-án altogether; (A'Obeyd, T, S, M, Mgh, K;) so in the Kur xxxix 24; (A'Obeyd, T, Mgh;) meaning that the mention of reward and punishment is repeated, or reiterated, in it; (Fr, T;) or so called because the verse of mercy is conjoined with that of punishment; (S;) or because narratives and promises and threats are repeated in it; or because one peruses it repeatedly without being wearied: (Mgh:) or it signifies, (M, K,) or signifies also, (A'Obeyd, T, S, Mgh,) [the first chapter, called] the فَاتِحَة, (A'Obeyd, T, S, M, Mgh,) or الحَمْدُ, (K,) which means the same; (TA;) so in the Kur xv. 87; (A'Obeyd, T, Mgh;) because it is repeated, or recited twice, in every [act of prayer termed a] رَكْعَة, (Fr, Zj, AHeyth, T, S,) or with every chapter, (Th, M,) or in every prayer; (Mgh;) or because containing praise of God: (Zj, T, Mgh:) [but see السَّبْعُ المَثَانِى voce سَبْعَةٌ:] or it signifies, (M, K,) or signifies also, (A'Obeyd, T, S, Mgh,) the chapters that are less than those containing a hundred verses, (S, M, Mgh,) or that are less than the long ones (الطُّوَل, q. v.), and less than those containing a hundred verses, (A'Obeyd, T, K, but in [most of] the copies of the K دُونَ المِأَتَيْنِ is put in the place of دُونَ المِئِينَ, which is the right reading, TA,) and more than [those of the portion called] the مُفَصَّل, (A'Obeyd, T, Mgh, K,) as is related on the authority of the Prophet by Ibn-Mes'ood and 'Othmán and Ibn-'Abbás; (AHeyth, T;) because, (Mgh,) or as though, (T,) occupying the second place after those containing a hundred verses: (T, Mgh:) or the chapters, (T, K,) six and twenty in number, (T,) entitled الحَجّ and القَصَص and النَّمْل and النُّور and الأَنْفَال and مَرْيَم and العَنْكَبُوت and الرُّوم and يَاسِين and الفُرْقَان and الحِجْر and الرَّعْد and سَبَا and المَلَائِكَة and إِبْرَاهِيم and صَاد and مُحَمَّد and لُقْمٰن and الغُرَف and المُؤْمِن and الزُّخْرُف and السَّجْدَة and الأَحْقَاف and الجَاثِيَة and الدُّخَان (T, K) and الأَحْزَاب, (K,) which last has been omitted by the copyists of the T: (TA:) or the chapters of which the first is the بَقَرَة, and the last is بَرَآءَة: or what is repeated, of the Kur-án, time after time. (M, K.) مَثْنَاةٌ; pl. مَثَانٍ: see ثِنْىٌ: and ثِنَايَةٌ: and مَثْنًى; the last in two places. b2: It is said in a trad. that one of the signs of the resurrection will be the public reading, or reciting, of the مَثْنَاة, (T, S,) which means That which has been desired to be transcribed from a source other than the Book of God: (T:) or a certain book, (T, K,) [the Mishna,] which the learned men, and the recluses, of the Children of Israel, after Moses, composed after their own desire, from a source other than the Book of God, as A'Obeyd says on the authority of a man learned in the books of the earlier times, (T,) containing the histories of the Children of Israel after Moses, in which they allowed and disallowed what they pleased: (K:) or what is sung: (K:) or what is called in Persian دُو بَيْتِى, (S, K,) which means two verses, each composed of a pair of hemistichs; (TA;) i. e. what is sung; but A'Obeyd explains it otherwise than thus: (S:) it is what is known among the 'Ajam by the term ↓ مَثْنَوِىٌّ, as though this were a rel. n. from مَثْنَاةٌ: the vulgar say [erroneously] ذُو بَيْت, with the pointed ذ. (TA.) مِثْنَاةٌ; pl. مَثَانٍ: see ثِنْىٌ: and ثِنَايَةٌ; the latter in two places: and see also مَثْنًى.

مُثَنًّى [pass. part. n. of 2. b2: Dualized: a dual. b3: مُثَنَّاةٌ فَوْقِيَّةٌ Marked with two points above: an epithet added to تآء to prevent its being mistaken for بآء or ثآء or يآء. And مُثَنَّاةٌ تَحْتِيَّةٌ Marked with two points below: an epithet added to يآء to prevent its being mistaken for بآء or تآء or ثآء.]

b4: الطَّويلُ المُثَنَّى (assumed tropical:) That which passes away [out of sight, or disappears,] by length; mostly used of a thing that is long without breadth. (TA.) مَثْنِىٌّ [pass. part. n. of 1; Doubled or folded &c.] b2: أَرْضٌ مَثْنِيَّةٌ Land, or ground, turned over twice for sowing, or cultivating. (Mgh, and A and TA in art. ثلث.) مَثْنَوِىٌّ: see مَثْنَاةٌ.

مَثْنَوِيَّةٌ: see ثُنْيَا, in four places.