ريب

1 رَابَنِى, (T, S, M, &c.,) aor. ـِ (M, Mgh, Msb, K,) inf. n. رَيْبٌ (T, M, Mgh, Msb, &c.) and رِيبَةٌ, (M, K,) or the latter is a simple subst., (S, Msb,) It (a thing) occasioned in me disquiet, disturbance, or agitation, of mind: (Ksh and Bd in ii. 1:) [this is the primary signification; (see رِيبَةٌ;) a signification also borne by ↓ أَرَابَنِى; (see the verses of Khálid cited in this paragraph;) whence the other significations here expl. in what follows:] it (a thing) made me to doubt: (Msb: and in like manner رَابَهُ is expl. in the Mgh:) or it (a thing, M) caused me to have what is termed رِيبَة [i. e. doubt, or suspicion or evil opinion, or doubt combined with suspicion or evil opinion]; as also ↓ أَرَابَنِى: (M, K: in both of which this meaning is indicated, but not expressed:) but the latter is said by Lth to be bad: (T:) or, (T, M, Msb,) accord. to Az, (T, Msb,) the former signifies he, (T, M, *) or it, i. e. his case, (M, * Msb,) made me to know that there was on his part what is termed رِيبَة [i. e. something occasioning doubt, or suspicion or evil opinion, or doubt combined with suspicion or evil opinion]; (T, M, Msb;) made me to be certain, or sure, of it: (Msb:) and ↓ the latter signifies made me to think that there was in him what is so termed; (Sb, T, M, Msb, K;) without my being certain, or sure, of it: (Msb:) [Az says that] these are the right explanations of the two phrases: (T:) [or] the latter signifies also جَعَلَ فِىَّ الرِّيَبَةَ [he put into me, i. e. into my mind, doubt, or suspicion &c.]; (Sb, M, K; and in a similar manner أَرَبْتُهُ is expl. in the latter;) or أَوْهَمَنِى الرِّيبَةَ [he made me to think that which occasioned doubt, or suspicion &c.]: (K: and in like manner ارابهُ is expl. in the Ham p. 363:) and رِبْتُهُ signifies أَوْصَلْتُ إِلَيْهِ الرِّيبَةَ [I made doubt, or suspicion &c., or that which occasioned doubt, or suspicion &c., to come to him, or to reach him]; (K;) [app. by some act; for it is said that] رَابَهُ signifies أَتَاهُ بِرِيبَةٍ [he did to him a thing that occasioned doubt, or suspicion &c.]: (Ham ubi suprà:) or, (K,) accord. to Lh, the Arabs say, (M,) رَابَنِى أَمْرُهُ, aor. ـِ inf. n. رَيْبٌ and رِيبَةٌ: when they speak allusively [with respect to the cause of doubt &c., not expressing it,] (إِذَا كَنَوْا [misinterpreted in the TA as meaning “ when they affix a pronoun to the verb,” for the meaning here intended is clearly shown by what follows,]) they prefix ا [to the verb, saying ↓ أَرَابَ, and أَرَبْتُ, &c., expl. in the latter part of this paragraph]; and when they do not speak allusively [with respect to the cause of doubt &c., but express it,] (إِذَا لَمْ يَكْنُوا) they reject that letter; but [so accord. to the M, but in the K “ or,”] it is allowable to say, الأَمْرُ ↓ أَرَابَنِى; (M, K;) i. e., to prefix the ا when the verb is made trans.: (M:) accord. to As, (T,) رَابَنِى [signifies he did what made me to doubt, or to have doubt, or suspicion &c, and what I disliked, or hated; for it] is said of a man when thou seest, on his part, what makes thee to doubt, &c., (مَا يُرِيبُكَ, [or مَا يَرِيبُكَ,]) and what thou dislikest, or hatest: (T, S:) and Hudheyl say, ↓ أَرَابَنِى, (T, S, Msb,) or ارابنى أَمْرُهُ, as As says on the authority of 'Eesà

Ibn-'Omar; (M;) and رِبْتُ and ↓ اِرْتَبْتُ, meaning I doubted: (Msb:) accord. to IAth, رَابَنِى

الشَّكُّ [an evident mistranscription for رابنى الشَّىْءُ] and ↓ ارابنى both mean شَكَّكَنِى وَ أَوْهَمَنِى الرِّيبَةَ بِهِ [i. e. the thing made me to doubt, and caused me to think that there was that which occasioned doubt, or suspicion &c., in it]; but when you are certain, or sure, of it, you say [only] رَابَنِى, without [an incipient] ا: (TA:) accord. to Lth, رَابَنِى

الأَمْرُ, inf. n. رَيْبٌ, signifies the thing, or event, [app. said only of that which is evil,] betided me, or befell me: and رَابَنِى أَمْرُهُ, his affair, or case, brought upon me doubt (شَكًّا [in the TA شَرًّا i. e. evil]) and fear. (T.) It is said in a trad., of Fátimeh, يَرِيبُنِى مَا يَرِيبُهَا, meaning That displeases and disquiets me which displeases and disquiets her. (TA.) And in another, respecting a gazelle lying curled in sleep, لَا يَرِيبُهُ أَحَدٌ بِشَىْءٍ, meaning No one shall oppose himself to it and disquiet it, or disturb it. (TA.) And in another, مَا رَابَكَ إِلَى قَطْعِهَا, i. e. What disquieted thee and constrained thee to cut it off? as Aboo-Moosà

thinks the phrase may be read: but see another reading voce رَابٌ. (TA.) And in another, دَعْ مَا وَ إِنَّ ↓ يَرِيبُكَ إِلَى مَا لَا يَريبُكَ فَإِنَّ الكَذِبَ رِيبَةٌ الصِّدْقَ طُمَأْنِينَةٌ, (Mgh, TA, *) or, as some relate it, ↓ يُرِيبُكَ, (TA,) i. e. Leave thou that which causeth thee to doubt, (Mgh, TA, *) and occasioneth in thee الرِّيبَة, which originally signifies disquiet, or disturbance, or agitation, of mind, [and hence suspicion &c., and betake thyself to that which will not cause thee to doubt, &c., for verily lying is a thing that occasions disquiet of mind, or doubt, or suspicion &c., and verily veracity is a thing that occasions tranquillity;] because the mind is not at rest when it doubts, but becomes tranquil when it is certain, or sure. (Mgh.) And the Hudhalee, (S, TA,) Khálid Ibn-Zuheyr, (TA,) says, يَا قَوْمِ مَا لِى وَ أَبَا ذُؤَيْبِ كُنْتُ إِذَا أَتَوْتُهُ مِنْ غَيْبِ يَشُمُّ عِطْفِى وَ يَجُرُّ ثَوْبِى

بِرَيْبِ ↓ كَأَنَّنِى أَرَبْتُهُ [O my people, what aileth me with Aboo-Dhueyb? I was (such that) when I came to him after absence, or from being absent, he would smell my side, or my armpit, and pull my garment, as though I disquieted his mind with doubt, or suspicion &c.]: (S and TA, in this art. and in art. بز; but in the latter with يَبُزُّ in the place of its syn. يَجُرُّ:) it is said in the L that اراب is trans. and intrans.; and that he who makes it trans. makes it syn. with رَابَ; and thus it is in the saying of Khálid cited above; the last hemistich of which is also related thus: كَأَنَّنِى قَدْ رِبْتُهُ بِرَيْبِ but ↓ اراب when intrans. signifies أَتَى بِرِيبَةٍ

[meaning he did an act that occasioned doubt, or suspicion &c.]; like as أَلَامَ signifies أَتَى بِمَا يُلَامُ عَلَيْهِ [he did an act for which he was to be blamed]: and agreeably with this signification is expl. the verse ascribed to El-Mutalemmis, or to Beshshár Ibn-Burdeh, أَخُوكَ الَّذِى إِنْ رِبْتَهُ قَالَ إِنَّمَا وَ إِنْ لَايَنْتَهُ لَانَ جَانِبُهْ ↓ أَرَبْتُ [Thy brother is he who, if thou make him to doubt, &c., (or if thou do to him an act occasioning doubt, or suspicion &c., as expl. in the Ham p. 363, where عَاتَبْتَهُ is put in the place of لَايَنْتَهُ,) says, Only I have done what occasions doubt, &c.; and if thou act gently with him, becomes gentle]: thus the verse is correctly related: he who relates it differently, saying أَرَبْتَ, [and thus I find it in two copies of the T,] asserts that إِنْ رِبْتَهُ means if thou make him of necessity to have doubt, or suspicion &c.; and ↓ اربت [here said in the TA to be “ with damm,” but this is evidently a mistranscription for “ with fet-h,” for it cannot mean with damm to the ا, as أُرِبْتَ does not bear an appropriate signification, nor can it mean with damm to the ت, as the explanation relates to the reading of اربت with fet-h to the ت,] means thou hast caused [me] to think that there was that which occasioned doubt, or suspicion &c., when it was not decidedly necessary. (TA.) 4 اراب, as a trans. verb: see 1, in eight places.

A2: As intrans., it signifies He (a man) was, or became, one in whom was something occasioning doubt, or suspicion or evil opinion, or doubt combined with suspicion or evil opinion; i. e. صَارَ ذَا رِيبَةِ: (Sb, T, S, M:) and he did a thing that occasioned doubt, or suspicion &c.: (As, T:) it is said when one is told something of a person, or thinks it, or imagines it: (Msb:) see 1, in the former half of the paragraph; and also, in three places, in the latter part of the same paragraph. Also It (a thing, or an affair, or a case,) was, or became, one in which was something occasioning doubt, or suspicion &c.; i. e. صَارَ ذَا رَيْبٍ (T, K) or ذا رِيبَةٍ. (M.) 5 تَرَيَّبَ see the next paragraph.8 ارتاب He doubted, (S, Msb, K,) فِيهِ [respecting him, or it]. (S.) See 1, in the former half of the paragraph. And ارتاب بِهِ He suspected him, or thought evil of him: (T, M, K:) or he saw on his part [or in him] what caused him to have doubt, or suspicion &c.; as also به ↓ تريّب; (Har p. 257;) and به ↓ استراب; i. e. رَأَى مِنْهُ مَا يَرِيبُهُ: (S, K, and Har ubi suprà:) the last used by [the tribe of] Hudheyl. (TA.) b2: [It often means particularly He was sceptical in matters of religion.]10 استراب He fell into that which occasioned doubt, or suspicion or evil opinion; meaning he feared so that he doubted of safety or security: (Har pp. 256 and 257:) [he conceived doubt, or suspicion or evil opinion:] he doubted: and became infected with suspicion or evil opinion. (Idem p. 309.) See also 8.

رَابٌ Want, or need. (TA.) Hence, in a trad., مَا رَبُكُمْ إِلَيْهِ What is [the reason of] your want of him? or your wanting to ask him? (TA.) And, in another trad., مَا رَابُكَ إِلَى قَطْعِهَا What is [the reason of] thy wanting to cut it off? thus, says El-Khattábee, they relate it, with damm to the ب: but IAth says that it is properly مَا أَرَبُكَ, meaning the same: or, accord. to Aboo-Moosà, the right reading may be ما رَابَكَ, expl. in the preceding paragraph. (TA.) رَيْبٌ is an inf. n. of 1, (T, M, Mgh, Msb, &c.,) as also ↓ رِيبَةٌ, (M, K,) or the latter is a simple subst.: (S, Msb:) the primary signification of the latter [and of the former also when it is used as a simple subst.] is Disquiet, disturbance, or agitation, of mind: (Ksh and Bd in ii. 1:) [and hence] the former signifies doubt; (T, S, Msb;) as also ↓ the latter; (S, Mgh;) because doubt disquiets, or disturbs, the mind: (Ksh and Bd ubi suprà, and Mgh:) and opinion; syn. ظَنٌّ: (Msb:) and ↓ the latter, (S, M, A, Mgh, K,) and the former also, (M, A, K,) doubt, or suspicion or evil opinion; syn. تُهَمَةٌ (S, M, A, Mgh, K) and ظِنَّةٌ: (M, A, K:) or the former, [and ↓ the latter also,] doubt combined with suspicion or evil opinion: (IAth, TA:) and a thing, or an event, or a case, that occasions one doubt, or suspicion or evil opinion, or doubt combined with suspicion or evil opinion; i. e. مَا رَابَكَ مِنْ أَمْرٍ: (S, TA:) [in this last sense, the latter is the more common: hence,] lying is termed رِيبَةٌ in a trad. cited above: see 1: (Mgh:) the ↓ pl. of the latter is رِيَبٌ. (Msb.) A man, and a thing or an event or a case, is said to be ↓ ذُو رِيبَةٍ [as meaning Having in him, or it, something occasioning doubt, or suspicion &c.]. (A.) [لَا رَيْبَ often occurs as meaning There is no doubt; without doubt; undoubtedly.] b2: Hence, رَيْبُ الزَّمَانِ The accidents, or evil accidents, of time, (Ksh and Bd ubi suprà, [in Fleischer's ed. of the latter رِيَب الزمان, which is more agreeable with the explanation, but رَيْب الزمان is more usual,]) that disquiet, or disturb, the minds and hearts: (Ksh:) and رَيْبُ المَنُونِ (S, A) [which likewise signifies] the accidents, or evil accidents, of time: (S:) and رَيْبُ الدَّهْرِ signifies the same; i. e. صَرْفُهُ, (M, K,) or صُرُوفُهُ, (T, Msb,) and حَوَادِثُهُ. (T. [This is said in the TA to be tropical; but I do not find it so characterized in the A.]) b3: [Hence, likewise,] رَيْبٌ also signifies A want; a needful, or requisite, thing, affair, or business; syn. حَاجَةٌ. (S, A, Msb, K.) A poet says, (S,) namely, Kaab Ibn-Málik El-Ansáree, (TA,) قَضَيْنَا مِنْ تِهَامَةَ كُلَّ رَيْبٍ

وَ خَيْبَرَ ثُمَّ أَجْيَيْنَا السُّيُوفَا [We accomplished, from Tihámeh, every want, and from Kheyber: then we gave rest to our swords]. (S.) A2: [ريب mentioned by Freytag as applied in art. دلس of the S to a certain plant, and written رَيْب in both of my copies of the S in that art., is a mistake for رَبَب, which is the reading in the TA, pl. of رِبَّةٌ.]

رِيبَةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph, in six places. b2: [It often means particularly Scepticism in matters of religion.]

أَمْرٌ رَيَّابٌ A thing, or an event, or a case, that frightens, or terrifies. (M, K.) رَائِبٌ [act. part. n. of 1; Causing, or occasioning, doubt, or suspicion or evil opinion, &c.] IAar says that Aboo-Bekr is related to have said, in his charge to 'Omar, عَلَيْكَ بِالرَّائِبِ مِنَ الأُمُورِ وَ إِيَّاك وَ الرَّائِبَ مِنْهَا, which Th explains as meaning Keep thou to what is clear, free from dubiousness or confusedness, of affairs, and beware thou of, or avoid thou, what has in it dubiousness, or confusedness, thereof: (T, TA:) the first is from رَابَ of which the aor. is يَرُوبُ, said of milk; and the second is from رَابَ of which the aor. is يَرِيبُ. (TA.) [See also a verse cited voce رَائِبٌ in art. روب, and my remark thereon.]

مُرِيبٌ, applied to a man, (T, S, A,) and to a thing or an event, (M, A,) i. q. ذُو رِيبَةٍ [expl. above, voce رَيْبٌ]. (T, S, M, A.) إِنَّهُمْ كَانُوا فِى

شَكٍّ مُرِيبٍ, in the Kur xxxiv. last verse, means Verily they were in doubt causing to fall into suspicion or evil opinion: or it means ذِى رِيبَةٍ

[having in it something occasioning suspicion &c.]: (Ksh and Bd:) or ذِى رَيْبٍ [which means the same: or attended with disquiet, or disturbance, or agitation, of mind]: (M, TA:) [see its verb, 4:] it may be from the trans. or from the intrans. verb. (Ksh.) مُرْتَابٌ Doubting [or suspecting]. (Msb.) b2: [It often means particularly Sceptical, or a sceptic, in matters of religion.

A2: And مُرْتَابٌ فِيهِ, or بِهِ, Doubted of, or suspected.]

رجع

1 رَجَعَ, aor. ـِ inf. n. رُجُوعٌ (S, Msb, K, &c.) and رَجْعٌ, (M, Msb,) but the former is that which commonly obtains and is agreeable with analogy as inf. n. of the intrans. v., and the latter as inf. n. of the trans. v., (MF, TA,) and مَرْجَعٌ, (S, Msb, K, &c.,) which is anomalous, because inf. ns. [of this kind] of verbs of the measure فَعَلَ having the aor. of the measure يَفْعِلُ are [by rule] only with fet-h [to the medial radical], (S, K,) and مَرْجِعَةٌ, which is in like manner anomalous, (K,) and رُجْعَى, (S, Msb, K,) [not رُجْعًى as in the Lexicons of Golius and Freytag,] and رُجْعَانٌ, (K,) He returned; he went, or came, back [to the same place, or person, or (assumed tropical:) state, or (assumed tropical:) occupation, or (assumed tropical:) action, or (assumed tropical:) saying, &c.]; he reverted; contr. of ذَهَبَ; (ISk, Msb;) i. q. انْصَرَفَ: (K:) رُجُوعٌ signifies the returning to a former place, or (assumed tropical:) quality, or (assumed tropical:) state; (Kull p. 196;) the returning to that from which was the commencement, or from which the commencement is supposed to have been, whether it be a place, or (assumed tropical:) an action, or (assumed tropical:) a saying, and whether the returning be by the [whole] person or thing, or by a part thereof, or by an action thereof. (Er-Rághib.) Hence the saying in the Kur [lxiii. 8], لَئِنْ رَجَعْنَا إِلَى المَدِينَةِ [Verily if we return to the city]. (Er-Rághib.) And [in the same, xii. 63,] فَلَمَّا رَجَعُوا إِلَى أَبِيهِمْ [And when they returned to their father]. (Idem.) And in the same, [vi. 164, and xxxix.

9,] ثُمَّ إِلَى رَبِّكُمْ مَرْجِعُكُمْ [Then unto your Lord shall be your return]: (S:) the like of which occurs in the same, vi. 60: but it may be either from [the intrans. inf. n.] رُجُوعٌ or from [the trans.] رَجْعٌ: (Er-Rághib:) it cannot be a n. of place, because it is made trans. by means of إِلَى, and also because it occurs in the Kur [v. 53, &c.], followed by جَمِيعًا, as a denotative of state: (L:) in like manner الرُّجْعَى also occurs in the Kur xcvi. 8. (TA.) You say also, رَجَعَتِ المَرْأَةُ إِلَى

أَهْلِهَا The woman returned to her family by reason of the death of her husband or by reason of divorcement. (Msb.) b2: رَجَعَ إِلَى الصِّحَّةِ (assumed tropical:) [He returned to soundness, or health], or المَرَضِ [disease, or sickness]; and إِلَى حَالَةِ الفَقْرِ (assumed tropical:) [to the state of poverty], or الغِنَى (assumed tropical:) [wealth, or competence, or sufficiency]. (Kull p. 196.) b3: رَجَعَ عَوْدَهُ عَلَى بَدْئِهِ He returned in the way by which he had come. (Kull ibid.) b4: رَجَعَ مِنْ سَفَرِهِ He returned from his journey. (Msb.) b5: رَجَعَ عَنِ الأِمْرِ (assumed tropical:) He returned [or reverted] from the affair. (Msb.) b6: رَجَعَ عَنِ الشَّىْءِ (assumed tropical:) He left, or relinquished, the thing. (Kull p. 197.) b7: رَجَعَ عَنِ الذَّنْبِ (assumed tropical:) [He relinquished sin; i. e.] he repented; and so رَجَعَ alone, agreeably with the usage in the Kur iii. 65, &c. (Er-Rághib.) b8: [Several other phrases, in which this verb occurs, will be found in other arts.: as رَجَعَ عَلَى ظَهْرِهِ in art. ظهر: رَجَعْتُ القَهْقَرَى in art. قهقر: رَجَعَ دَرَجَهُ, and variations thereof, in art. درج: &c.] b9: رَجَعَ إِلَيْهِ [sometimes signifies the same as رَجَعَ عَلَيْهِ] He returned against him; he returned to attack him. (TA.) b10: صَرَمّنِى ثُمَّ رَجَعَ يَكَلِّمُنِى (tropical:) [He cut me, or ceased to speak to me; then he returned to speaking to me]. (TA.) b11: خَالَفَنِى ثُمَّ رَجَعَ إِلَى

قَوْلِى (tropical:) [He opposed me, or disagreed with me; then he returned, or had regard, to my saying]. (TA.) b12: مَا رُجِعَ إِلَيْهِ فِى خَطْبٍ إِلَّا كَفَى (tropical:) [Re course was not had to him in an affair, or an affliction, but he sufficed.] (TA.) [رَجَعَ إِلَيْهِ often means He had recourse, or he recurred, to him, or it.] b13: رَجَعَ بِهِ عَلَى شَرِيكِهِ (assumed tropical:) He made a claim for restitution of it upon his co-partner. (IAth, TA in art. خلط.) And [in like manner you say,] عَلَى الغَرِيمِ ↓ اِرْتَجَعَ, and المُتَّهَمِ, (assumed tropical:) He sued, prosecuted, or made a demand upon, the debtor, and the suspected, for his right, or due. (TA: [in which it is said, immediately before this, that ارتجع is like رَجَعَ.]) b14: رَجَعَ الكَلْبُ فِى قَيْئِهِ The dog returned to his vomit, (Msb, TA,) and ate it. (Msb.) b15: Hence, رَجَعَ فِى هِبَتِهِ (tropical:) He took back his gift; repossessed himself of it; restored it to his possession; (Msb;) as also ↓ ارتجعها, (Mgh, Msb, TA,) and ↓ استرجعها. (Msb, TA.) and مِنْهُ الشَّىْء ↓ استرجع (assumed tropical:) He took back from him the thing which he had given to him. (S, K.) b16: [Hence also, رَجَعَ فِى قَوْلِهِ, and فِى حُكْمِهِ (assumed tropical:) He retracted, or revoked, his saying, and his judgment, or sentence.] b17: هُوَ يَرْجِعُ إِلَى مَنْصِبِ صِدْقٍ (assumed tropical:) He traces back his lineage to an excellent origin. (TA in art. نصب.) b18: [يَرْجِعُ إِلَى مَعْنَى كَذَا (assumed tropical:) It (a word used in a certain sense) is referrible, or reducible, to such a meaning. And يُرْجِعُ إِلَى كَذَا, said of a word, also means (assumed tropical:) It relates to such a thing; i. e., to such another word, in grammatical construction.] b19: رَجَعَ إِلَى قَدْرِ كَذَا (assumed tropical:) It (wine when cooked) became reduced to such a quantity; syn. آلَ. (S in art. اول.) b20: رَجَعَ الحَوْضُ إِلَى إِزَائِهِ The water of the trough, or tank, became much in quantity [so that it returned to the height of the place whence it poured in]. (TA.) b21: ↓ رِجَاعٌ, also, is an inf. n. of this verb, (L,) and is used as signifying The returning of birds after their migrating to a hot country. (S, L, K.) You say, رَجَعَتِ الطَّيْرُ القَوَاطِعُ, inf. n. رِجَاعٌ and رَجْعٌ, The migratory birds returned. (L.) b22: Also inf. n. of رَجَعَتْ said of a-she camel, and of a she-ass, signifying (assumed tropical:) She raised her tail, and compressed her two sides (قُطْرَيْهَا), and cast forth her urine in repeated discharges, so that she was imagined to be pregnant, (S, K,) and then failed of fulfilling her [apparent] promise: (S: [in some copies of which, as is said in the TA, the inf. n. of the verb in this sense is written رُجُوع:]) or she conceived, and then failed of fulfilling her promise; because she who does so goes back from what is hoped of her: (TA:) or, said of a she-camel, she cast forth her fœtus in an imperfect state: (Az, TA,) or, as some say, her embryo in a fluid state: (TA:) or in an unformed state; inf. n. رِجَاعٌ. (Msb in art. خدج.) [See also رَاجِعٌ, below.]

A2: , (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) aor. ـَ (Mgh,) inf. n. رَجْعٌ and مَرْجَعٌ and مَرْجِعٌ, (K,) He made, or caused, him, or it, to return, go back, come back, or revert; sent back, turned back, or returned, him, or it; syn. رَدَّهُ; (Mgh, Msb, K;) and صَرَفَهُ; (K;) عَنِ الشَّىْءِ from the thing; and إِلَيْهِ to it; (Msb, K;) as also ↓ ارجعهُ; (S, Msb, K;) but the former is the more chaste word, and is that which is used in the Kur-án, in ix. 84 [and other places]: (Msb:) the latter is of the dial. of Hudheyl; (S, Msb;) and is said by MF to be of weak authority, and bad; but [SM says,] I do not find this asserted by any of the leading authorities: (TA:) ↓ ارتجعهُ, also, signifies [the same, i. e.] the same as رَدَّهُ in like manner followed by إِلَى. (TA.) Thus in the Kur ix. 84, referred to above, فَإِنْ رَجَعَكَ اللّٰهُ [And if God make thee to return, or restore thee]. (Msb.) b2: رَجَعَ فُلَانٌ عَلِى أَنْفِ بَعِيِرهِ Such a one put back, or restored, the nose-rein [الخِطَامَ being understood] upon the nose of his camel; it having become displaced. (TA.) b3: رَجَعَ إِلَىَّ الجَوَابَ, aor. ـِ inf. n. رَجْعٌ and رُجْعَانٌ, He returned to me the answer. (S, TA: [in the latter of which, this is said to be tropical; but when a written answer is meant, it is evidently not so.]) b4: رَجَعْتُ الكَلَامَ (assumed tropical:) I returned the speech; or I repeated it; or I rebutted, or rejected, or repudiated, it, in reply, or replication; syn. رَدَدْتُهُ. (Msb.) [In like manner,] يَرْجِعُ بَعْضُهُمْ

إِلَى بَعْضٍ القَوْلَ, in the Kur [xxxiv. 30], means (assumed tropical:) Holding a colloquy, or a disputation, or debate, one with another: (Bd:) [or it means (assumed tropical:) rebutting one another's sayings:] or (assumed tropical:) blaming one another. (S.) b5: الرَّجْعُ, (K,) or رَجْعُ الدَّابَّةِ يَدَيْهَا فِى السَّيْرِ, (S,) (tropical:) The stepping of the beast, (S, K,) or her returning her fore legs, [drawing the fore feet backwards towards the body, by lifting them high,] in going; (K;) and ↓ التَّرْجِيعُ, (K,) or تَرْجِيعُ الدَّابّةِ يَدَيْهَا فِى السَّيْرِ, (S,) signifies the same: (S, K:) or رَجْعٌ signifies a beast's elevating, or lifting high, the fore foot and hind foot, in going. (KL.) You say, الدَّابَّةُ يَدَيْهَا فِى ↓ رَجَّعَتِ السَّيْرِ (tropical:) [The beast stepped, &c.; like as you say, رَجَعَت]. (TA.) b6: رَجْعُ الوَاشمَةِ, and ↓ تَرْجَيعُهَا, (assumed tropical:) The female tattooer's making marks or lines [upon the skin]: (S, K: *) [or rather, as the former phrase is explained in the EM p. 143, “ her retracing ” those marks or lines, and renewing their blackness; for] you say also, النَقْشَ ↓ رَجَّعَ, and الوَشْمَ, [and رَجَعَهُ,] (assumed tropical:) He retraced the marks, or lines, of the variegated work, and of the tattooing, and renewed their blackness, one time after another. (TA.) And الكِتَابَةَ ↓ رَجَّعَ, [and رَجَعَهَا,] (assumed tropical:) He retraced, or renewed, the writing. (TA.) b7: رَجَعَ نَاقَةً, and ↓ ارتجعها, and ↓ ترجّعها, He purchased a she-camel with the price of another that he sold: (S, TA:) or he purchased a she-camel with the price of a he-camel that he sold; and ↓ رِجَعٌ, which is app. an inf. n., signifies the selling males and purchasing females: (TA:) or مَالًا ↓ ارتجع signifies he sold the aged and the younglings of his came's, and purchased such as were in a state of youthful vigour: or, as some say, he sold the males, and purchased females: (Lh:) or ↓ اِرْتِجَاعٌ signifies the selling a thing, and purchasing in its place what one imagines to be more youthful, and better: (Lh in another place:) regard is bad, therein, to the meaning of a return, virtual, or understood, though not real: (Er-Rághib:) also إِبِلًا ↓ ارجع he sold old and weak camels, and purchased such as were in a state of youthful vigour: or he sold male camels, and purchased females: (TA:) and إِبِلًا ↓ ارتجع بِإِبِلِهِ he took camels in exchange for his camels: or, as some say, ↓ اِرْتِجَاعٌ signifies the taking one in the place, and with the price, of two. (Mgh.) b8: رَجَعَ العَلَفُ فِى الدَّابَّةِ (tropical:) The fodder, or food, produced an effect, or showed its effect, upon the beast. (K, * TA.) And رَجَعَ كَلَامِى فِيهِ (tropical:) My speech produced a beneficial effect upon him. (K, * TA.) 2 رجّعهُ, inf. n. تَرْجِيعٌ, He, or it, made, or caused, him, or it, to return, go back, come back, or revert, again and again, or time after time; sent back, turned back, or returned, him, or it, again and again, or time after time; made, or caused, him, or it, to go, or move, repeatedly to and fro; so to go and come; to reciprocate: he repeated it; iterated it; or rather reiterated it: he reproduced it: he renewed it: syn. رَدَّدَهُ. (Mgh.) [All these significations are well known, as pertaining to the two verbs here mentioned, and of frequent occurrence in classical and postclassical writings: and hence several phrases here following.] b2: See 1, last quarter of the paragraph, in five places. b3: Hence, (Mgh,) التَّرْجِيعُ فِى الأَذَانِ, (S, Mgh, K,) because the two professions of the faith [for which see the word أَذَانٌ] are uttered in the اذان [or call to prayer] in a low voice [and then repeated in a high voice]; (Mgh;) [for] this phrase means (tropical:) The repeating the two professions of the faith in a raised, or loud, voice, after uttering them in a low, or faint, voice; (Sgh, K, TA;) or the lowering of the voice in the اذان in uttering the two professions of the faith, and then raising it in uttering them: (KT:) or رجّع فِى أَذَانِهِ signifies he uttered the two professions of the faith in his اذان once to repeat them. (Msb: [but this is a strange explanation; and probably corrupted by a copyist: it seems that, instead of “ to repeat them,” we should read “ and repeated them. ”]) b4: [Hence also,] التَّرْجِيعُ, (K, TA,) or تَرْجِيعُ الصَّوْتِ, (S,) (assumed tropical:) [The act of quavering, or trilling; rapidly repeating many times one very short note, or each note of a piece; a general characteristic of Arabian chanting and singing and piping, and often continued throughout the whole performance;] the reiterating (تَرْدِيد) of the voice in the throat, or fauces, (S, K, TA,) like [as is done in] chanting, (S,) or which is practised in reading or reciting, or singing, or piping, or other performances, of such as are accompanied with quavering, or trilling: (TA:) or, as some say, the mutual approximation of the various kinds of movements in the voice: 'Abd-Allah Ibn-Mughaffal, in his ترجيع, by the prolonging of the voice, in reading, or reciting, imitated the like of آا آا آا. (TA.) You say also, رجّع الحَمَامُ فِى

غِنَائِهِ (assumed tropical:) [The pigeons quavered in their singing, or cooing]; as also ↓ استرجع. (TA.) And رجّع البَعِيرُ فِى شِقْشِقَتِهِ (assumed tropical:) The camel brayed, or reiterated his voice, in his شقشقة [or bursa faucium]. (TA.) And رجّعت النَّاقَةُ فِى حَنِينِهَا (assumed tropical:) The she-camel interrupted her yearning cry to, or for, her young one [and then, app., quickly repeated it, and did so again and again]. (TA.) and رجّعت القَوْسُ (assumed tropical:) The bow made a sound [by the vibration of its string; because the sound so made is a repeated sound]. (AHn.) b5: See also 4. b6: And see 10.3 راجع He (a man) returned to good or to evil. (TA.) [See also 6.] b2: راجعت النَّاقَةُ, (K,) inf. n. رِجَاعٌ, (TA,) The she-camel returned, or reverted, from one kind of pace, which she had been going, to another pace. (K, * TA.) b3: راجعهُ (assumed tropical:) It returned to him: said of pain [&c.]. (TA in art. عد.) b4: راجع امْرَأَتَهُ (tropical:) [He returned to his wife, or restored her to himself, or took her back by marriage or to the marriage-state, after having divorced her; (see also 6;)]; (S;) and ↓ ارتجعها signifies the same. (TA.) b5: [See also a verse cited voce رَدَادٌ; whence it seems that راجع also signifies He restored, or brought back, anything.] b6: راجعهُ signifies also He endeavoured to turn him [from, or to, a thing]; syn. رَاوَدَهُ, and رَادَّهُ. (L in art. رود.) b7: راجعهُ الكَلَامَ, (S and K in this art., and A and Mgh and Msb in art. حور,) and فِى الكَلَامِ, (Bd in xviii. 32,) and simply رَاجعهُ, (Msb in this art., and Jel. in lviii. l,) inf. n. مُرَاجَعَةٌ (S, TA) and رِجَاعٌ, (TA,) (assumed tropical:) He returned him answer for answer, or answers for answers; held a dialogue, or colloquy, or conference, or a disputation, or debate, with him; bandied words with him; syn. حَاوَرَهُ, (A and Mgh and Msb in art. حور, and Bd in xviii. 32,) [i. e.] حَاوَرَهُ الكَلَامَ; (TA;) or عَاوَدَهُ; (S and Msb and K in this art.;) or جَادَلَهُ. (Jel in lviii. 1.) And راجعهُ, or راجعهُ القَوْلَ, (assumed tropical:) He disputed with him, rebutting, or rejecting, or repudiating, in reply to him, what he said; he bandied words with him; syn. رَادَّهُ القَوْلَ. (A in art. رد.) Yousay, راجعهُ فِى مُهِمَّاتِهِ He held a colloquy, or conference, or a disputation, or debate, with him respecting his affairs of difficulty; syn. حَاوَرَهُ. (TA.) [And راجعهُ فِى كَذَا He addressed him repeatedly, or time after time, respecting such a thing.] And رَاجَعُوا عُقُولَهُمْ [They consulted their understandings, or minds; as though they held a colloquy, or conference, or a disputation, or debate, therewith]. (Bd in xxi. 65.) [راجع often signifies He consulted, or referred to, a person, a book, a passage in a book, &c.]4 ارجعت النَّاقَةُ (assumed tropical:) [The she-camel returned to her former condition, either of leanness or fatness:] (assumed tropical:) the she-camel became lean [after having been fat]: and (assumed tropical:) became in good condition after leanness: (Ks, T, TA:) or ارجعت الإِبِلُ (assumed tropical:) the camels became lean and then became fat; (S, O, K;) so says Ks. (S.) You say also, الشَّيْخُ يَمْرَضُ يُوْمَيْنِ فَلَا يُرْجِعُ شَهْرًا (assumed tropical:) i. e. [The old man is sick two days, and] does not return to a healthy state of body, and to strength, in a month. (K, TA: [in the CK, erroneously, فلا يُرْجَعُ.]) And [in like manner] اِنْتَقَصَ الفَرَسُ ثُمَّ

↓ تَرَاجَعَ (assumed tropical:) [The horse wasted, and then gradually returned to his former condition]. (TA.) A2: ارجعهُ: see رَجَعَهُ, first signification. b2: ارجعهُ نَاقَتَهُ He gave him [back] his she-camel in order that he might return upon her, he [the latter] having sold her to him. (Lh.) b3: ارجع إِبِلًا: see 1, near the end of the paragraph. b4: ارجع اللّٰهُ بَيْعَتَهُ (tropical:) God made his sale to be productive of gain, or profit. (S, K.) b5: ارجع اللّٰهُ هَمَّهُ سُرُورًا (assumed tropical:) God converted his grief, or disquietude of mind, into happiness or joy; and Sb mentions ↓ رَجَّعَهُ [in this sense]. (TA.) b6: ارجع also signifies He extended, or stretched out, his arm, or hand, backwards, to reach, or take hold of, a thing. (S, K.) [In this case, يَدَهُ seems to be understood: for] you say [also], ارجع الرَّجُلُ يَدَيْهِ The man put his arms, or hands, backwards in order to reach, or take hold of, a thing. (Lh.) And ارجع يَدَهُ إِلَى سَيْفِهِ لِيَسْتَلَّهُ He extended, or stretched out, his arm, or hand, to his sword, to draw it: or إِلَى كِنَانَتِهِ لِيَأْخُذَ سَهْمًا to his quiver, to take an arrow. (TA.) b7: Also (tropical:) He ejected excrement, or ordure; said of a man. (S, K.) [See رَجِيعٌ.]

A3: See also 10.5 ترجّع فِى صَدْرِى كَذَا (tropical:) Such a thing became agitated to and fro in my mind, or bosom; syn. تَرَدَّدَ. (TA.) A2: ترجّع نَاقَةً: see 1; in the last quarter of the paragraph.6 تَرَاجَعَا (tropical:) They two (a man and his divorced wife) returned to each other by marriage; (Bd in ii. 230;) or returned together to the marriagestate. (Jel ibid.) b2: تراجع الشَّىْءُ إِلَى خَلْفٍ [The thing went backward or back, receded, retrograded, retired, retreated, or reverted, by degrees, gradually, by little and little, or part after part: and تراجع alone, He, or it, returned by degrees: the form of the verb denoting a gradual continuation, as in تَسَاقَطَ, and تَزَايَدَ, and تَنَاقَصَ, &c.]. (S.) تراجع and تَرَادَّ and تَرَدَّدَ are syn. (M and L in art. رد.) You say, تراجعوا فِى مَسِيرٍ They returned, retired, or retreated, by degrees, or by little and little, in a journey, or march; syn. تَرَادُّوا. (TA in art. ثبجر.) And تَفَرَّقُوا فِى أَوَّلِ النَّهَارِ ثُمَّ تَرَاجَعُوا مَعَ اللَّيْلِ i. e. [They separated, or dispersed themselves, in the first part of day; then] they returned, [one after an every one to his place of abode. (TA.) b3: تَرَاجَعَتْ أَحْوَالُ فُلَانٍ (tropical:) [The circumstances of such a one gradually reverted to their former condition; meaning either a better condition, agreeably with an ex. mentioned above, see 4; or, as is most commonly the case, a worse condition; i. e. retrograded; or gradually went back to a worse state; contr. of advanced, or improved]: (TA:) [whence the saying,] زَالَتْ دَوْلَتُهُمْ وَأَخَذَ

أَمْرُهُمْ يَتَرَاجَعُ (assumed tropical:) [Their good fortune ceased, and their affairs began to retrograde, or gradually go back to a worse state]. (A in art. ركد.) and تَرَاجَعَ الجُرْحُ إِلّى البُرْءِ (assumed tropical:) [The wound gradually recovered]. (Msb in art. دمل.) A2: تَرَاجَعَا بَيْنَهُمَا They two (copartners) made claims for restitution, each upon the other. (IAth, TA in art. خلط.) [See this more fully explained, and illustrated, voce خَلِيطٌ.] b2: تراجعوا الكَلَامَ, (Msb and K in art. حور,) and فِى الكَلَامِ, (Bd in lviii. 1,) and simply تراجعوا, (Jel in lviii. 1,) (assumed tropical:) They returned one another answer for answer, or answers for answers; held a dialogue, or colloquy, or conference, or a disputation, or debate, one with another; bandied words, one with another; syn. تَحَاوَرُوا. (Bd, Jel, Msb, K, in the places mentioned above.) 8 ارتجع عَلَى الغَرِيمِ, and المُتَّهَمِ: see رَجَعَ, with which it is syn. (TA.) A2: ارتجعهُ i. q. رَدَّهُ, like رَجَعَهُ, q. v. (TA.) So in the phrase, ارتجعت المَرْأَةُ جِلْبَابَهَا The woman put back her جلباب [q. v.] upon her face, and covered herself with it. (TA.) b2: ارتجع الهِبَةَ: see رَجَعَ فِى هِبَتِهِ. b3: ارتجع امْرَأَتَهُ: see 3. b4: ↓ بَاغَ إِبِلَهُ فَارْتَجَعَ مِنْهَا رِجْعَةً

صَالِحَةً He sold his camels, and obtained by the expenditure of their price a good return, or profit. (S, K.) b5: ارتجع نَاقَةً, and the like: see 1, near the end of the paragraph, in five places. b6: ارتجع إِبِلًا also signifies He (and Arab of the desert) purchased camels [app. in exchange for others] not of his own people's breeding nor bearing their marks. (TA.) 10 استرجع الهِبَةَ, and استرجع مِنْهُ الشَّىْءَ: see رَجَعَ فِى هِبَتِهِ, and the sentence next following it. b2: طَعَامٌ يُسْتَرْجَعُ عَنْهُ (assumed tropical:) Food, both of beasts and of men, from which profit, or advantage, [or a good return (رِجْعَة),] is obtained; which is found to be wholesome, or approved in its result; and from eating which one becomes fat. (TA.) A2: استرجع الحَمَامُ: see 2, near the end of the paragraph. b2: استرجع also signifies (tropical:) He said, on the occasion of an affliction, or a misfortune, [using the words of the Kur ii. 151,] إِنَّا لِلّٰهِ وَإِنَّا

إِلَيْهِ رَاجِعُونَ, (S, K,) meaning Verily to God we belong as his property and his servants, so that He may do with us what He pleaseth, and verily unto Him we return in the ultimate state of existence, and He will recompense us; (Jel;) as also ↓ رجّع, (S, * K,) inf. n. تَرْجِيعٌ; (S; [accord. to the TA, only the former verb is mentioned in this sense by J; but I find the latter also in two copies of the S;]) and ↓ ارجع. (K.) رَجْعٌ; originally an inf. n.: [see رَجَعَ and رَجَعَهُ:] b2: and see رَجْعَةٌ, in two places. b3: (tropical:) Rain: so in the Kur [lxxxvi. 11], وَالسَّمَآءِ ذَاتِ الرَّجْعِ [by the heaven that hath rain]: (S, Bd:) because God returns it time after time: or because the clouds raise the water from the seas and then return it to the earth; and if so, by اسماء may be meant the clouds: (Bd:) or rain after rain; (K;) because it returns time after time; or because it is repeated, and returns, every year: (TA:) or the said words of the Kur mean by the heaven that returns in every revolution to the place whence it moved. (Bd.) b4: (assumed tropical:) Hail; because it gives back the water that it takes. (TA.) b5: Accord. to El-Asadee, as recorded by AHeyth, (assumed tropical:) Thunder. (Az.) b6: Accord. to some, in the passage of the Kur cited above, (S, TA,) (assumed tropical:) Profit, benefit, advantage, or good return. (S, K, TA.) You say, لَيْسَ لِى مِنْ فُلَانٍ رَجْعٌ (assumed tropical:) There is no profit to me from such a one. (TA.) and مَا هُوَ إِلَّا سَجْعٌ لَيْسَ تَحْتَهُ رَجْعٌ (assumed tropical:) [It is nothing but rhyming prose, beneath which is to be found no profit]. (TA.) [See also رِجْعَةٌ.] b7: Accord. to Ks, in the ex. cited above from the Kur, (TA,) (assumed tropical:) The place that retains water: (K, TA:) pl. رُجْعَانٌ. (TA.) b8: (assumed tropical:) A pool of water left by a torrent; (S, K;) because of the rain that is in it; or because of its fluctuating to and fro in its place; (Er-Rághib;) as also ↓ رَجِيعٌ, and ↓ رَاجِعَةٌ: (K:) pl. as above: (S:) or (assumed tropical:) a place in which the torrent has extended itself, (اِمْتَدَّ, accord. to Lth and the O and K,) or in which it has returned, or reverted, (اِرْتَدَّ, accord. to AHn,) and then passed through: (Lth, AHn, O, K:) pl. رُجْعَانٌ and رِجْعَانٌ and رِجَاعٌ; (K;) or this last, accord. to some, is a sing., having the signification next preceding the last here mentioned, and is found prefixed to its syn., namely غَدِير, to show that it is used in this sense, and is qualified by a sing. epithet, namely رَائِع; but some say that it is thus qualified becanse it has a form which is that of a sing. noun: (TA:) or رَجْعٌ signifies (assumed tropical:) water, (AO, K,) in general; (K;) and a sword is likened to it, to denote its whiteness: (AO, S: [but accord. to the latter, in this case it signifies “ a pool of water left by a torrent ”:]) and also (assumed tropical:) a tract of ground, or land, in which the torrent has extended itself: (K:) but this, it should be observed, is a repetition of the saying of Lth mentioned above: (TA:) and (assumed tropical:) the part that is above a تَلْعَة [q. v.]; (K, TA;) the upper, or highest, part thereof, before its water collects together: (TA:) pl. رُجْعَانٌ. (K.) b9: (assumed tropical:) The herbage of the [season, or rain, called] رَبِيع; (K;) [because it returns year after year;] as also ↓ رَجِيعٌ. (TA.) b10: (assumed tropical:) The [membrane called] غِرةس which is in the belly of the woman, and which comes forth upon, or over, the head of the child. (TA.) b11: See also رَجِيعٌ, in three places, in the latter part of the paragraph. b12: سَيْفٌ نَجِيحُ الرَّجْعِ, and ↓ الرَّجِيعِ, A sword which penetrates into the thing that is struck with it [so that it is quickly drawn back]. (TA.) b13: رَجْعُ الكَتِفِ: see مَرْجِعٌ.

رِجْعُ سَفَرٍ: see رَجِيعُ سَفَرٍ.

رُجَعٌ: see رِجْعَةٌ.

رِجَعٌ: see رَجَعَ نَاقَةً: and see رِجْعَةٌ.

رَجْعَةٌ inf. n. of un. of 1; A return; a single act of returning, of going back, coming back, or reverting: (TA:) [and] i. q. رُجُوعٌ, i. e. the act of returning, &c. (Msb.) b2: The returning to the present state of existence (S, Msb, K) after death. (S, K.) So in the phrase, فُلَانٌ يُؤْمِنُ بِالرَّجْعَةِ [Such a one believes in the returning to the present state of existence after death]. (S, Msb, K. *) This was a tenet of some of the Arabs in the Time of Ignorance, and of a sect of Muslim innovators, and of a sect of the رَافِضَة, who say that 'Alee the son of Aboo-Tálib is concealing himself in the clouds, to come forth when he shall be summoned to do so. (L.) b3: The returning, or homeward course, of a military expedition; opposed to بَدْأَةٌ, q. v. (T and Mgh in art. بدأ.) b4: The return of a party of warriors to war after their having come back from an expedition. (TA.) b5: Also, and ↓ رِجْعَةٌ, (S, A, Nh, Mgh, Msb, K,) but the former is the more chaste, (S, Msb, TA,) though the latter is mentioned before the former in the K, (TA,) (tropical:) A man's returning to his wife, or restoring her to himself, or taking her back by marriage or to the marriage-state, after having divorced her; (IF, Msb;) the returning of the divorcer to the divorced woman: (K:) or the taking back to marriage a woman who has been divorced, but not by an absolutely-separating sentence, without a new contract. (Nh.) You say, لَهُ عَلَى امْرَأَتِهِ رَجْعَةٌ and ↓ رِجْعَةٌ (tropical:) [He has a right of returning to, or taking back, his wife after having divorced her]: (S, Mgh:) and يَمْلِكُ الرَّجْعَةَ عَلَى زَوْجَتِهِ (tropical:) [He possesses the right of returning &c.]: (Msb:) and طَلَّقَ فُلَانٌ فُلَانَةَ طَلَاقًا يَمْلِكُ فِيهِ الرَّجْعَةَ (tropical:) [Such a man divorced such a woman by a divorce in which he possessed the right of returning &c.]. (TA.) b6: Also the former, (S, Msb, TA,) and ↓ رِجْعَةٌ likewise, (Msb,) and ↓ رُجْعَةٌ (K) and ↓ رُجْعَى [which is originally an inf. n.] and ↓ رُجْعَانٌ [which is also originally an inf. n.] and ↓ مَرْجُوعٌ (S, K) and ↓ مَرْجُوعَةٌ and ↓ رَجُوعَةٌ and ↓ رَجْعٌ, (K,) the last of these is allowable, (TA,) [being an inf. n. used in the sense of a pass. part. n.,] (tropical:) The reply, or answer, of an epistle. (S, Msb, * K, TA.) You say, هَلْ جَآءَ رَجْعَةُ كِتَابِكَ (S, TA) and ↓ رُجْعَانُهُ (TA) (tropical:) Hath the reply, or answer, of thine epistle come:? (S, TA:) and ↓ أَرْسَلتُ إِلَيْكَ فَمَا جَآءَنِى رُجْعَى

رِسَالَتِى (tropical:) I sent to thee, and the reply, or answer, of my epistle came not to me; i. e. ↓ مَرْجُوعُهَا: (S, K, * TA:) and فُلَانٍ عَلَيْكَ ↓ مَا كَانَ مِنْ مَرْجُوعِ (tropical:) What was [the purport] of the reply, or answer, of such a one to thee? (S, TA.) And [in like manner] الرِّشْق ↓ رَجْعُ signifies (assumed tropical:) What is returned against, or in opposition to, [or in reply to,] the simultaneous discharge of a number of arrows in a particular direction. (TA.) b7: See also رِجْعَةٌ.

رُجْعَةٌ: see رَجْعَةٌ, in the latter half of the paragraph.

رِجْعَةٌ: see رَجْعَةٌ, in three places. b2: A return, or profit, obtained by the expenditure of the price of camels sold: see an ex. above, voce اِرْتَجَعَ: (S, K:) or camels taken in exchange for other camels: or one that is taken in the place, and with the price, of two: (Mgh:) also the young, or younglings, of camels, which are purchased from the market with the price of others, or taken from the market in exchange for others: (K:) or, as Khálid says, the [return obtained by] bringing bad camels into the market and taking back good ones: or, as some say, the [return obtained by] bringing in males and taking back females: (TA:) [the words which I have here twice inserted in brackets are perhaps not necessary to complete the sense intended, as will be seen at the close of this sentence; but they seem to be required in the opinion of SM, for he has immediately added the further explanation which here next follows, and which is also, but less fully, given by J, immediately after the first explanation in this paragraph:] and رِجْعَةٌ has a similar meaning in relation to the poor-rates; being applied to camels taken by the collector of the poor-rates older or younger than those which their owner is bound to give: (S, * TA:) and camels which are purchased by the Arabs of the desert, [app. in exchange-for others,] not of their own breeding nor bearing their marks; as also ↓ رَجْعَةٌ: (TA, [see 8:]) IB says that the pl. of رِجْعَةٌ is ↓ رُجَعٌ; and that it was said to a tribe of the Arabs, “By what means have your beasts become many? ” and they answered, أَوْصَانَا أَبُونَا بِالنُّجَعِ وَالرُّجَعِ: but Th says, ↓ بالنِّجَعِ والرِّجَعِ: [both are probably correct; for it seems that the original forms are النُّجَع and الرِّجَع; and that, in one case, the latter is assimilated to the former; in the other, accord. to a usage less common, the former to the latter:] accord. to Th, the meaning is, [Our father charged us with the seekings after herbage in the places thereof, and] the selling the old and weak beasts and purchasing others in a state of youthful vigour: or, accord. to another explanation, the meaning is, the selling males and purchasing females: thus explained, رِجَعٌ seems to be an inf. n. (TA. [See رَجَعَ نَاقَةً.]) [See also رَجِيعَ.] b3: [(assumed tropical:) Any return, profit, or gain, accruing from a thing, or obtained by the sale or exchange thereof; as also ↓ مَرْجُوعٌ; and رَجْعٌ, q. v.] You say, جَآءَتْ رِجْعَةُ الضِّيَاعِ (assumed tropical:) The return, or increase, accruing to the owner of the lands came, or arrived. (Lh.) And جَآءَ فُلَانٌ بِرِجْعَةٍ حَسَنَةٍ (assumed tropical:) Such a one brought a good thing which he had purchased in the place of a bad thing; or in the place of a thing that was inferior to it. (TA.) And ↓ هٰذَا مَتَاعٌ لَهُ مَرْجُوعٌ (assumed tropical:) This is a commodity for which there will be a return, or profit, or gain. (S, * TA) And ↓ دَابَّةٌ لَهَا مَرْجُوعٌ (assumed tropical:) A beast that may be sold after having been used. (El-Isbahánee.) And ↓ لَيْسَ لِهٰذَا البَيْعِ مَرْجُوعٌ (tropical:) There is not, or will not be, any return, or profit, or gain, for this sale. (TA.) b4: (assumed tropical:) An argument, or allegation, by which one rebuts in a litigation, or dispute; a proof; an evidence. (Ibn-'Abbád.) رُجْعَى: see رَجْعَةٌ, in the latter half of the paragraph, in two places.

طَلَاقٌ رَجْعِىٌّ, and رِجْعِىٌّ, (assumed tropical:) A divorce in which one reserves to himself the right of returning to his wife, or restoring her to himself, or taking her back to the marriage-state. (Mgh, * Msb.) b2: رَجْعِىٌّ applied to a beast: see رَجِيعُ سَفَرٍ.

رَجْعِيَّةٌ: see رَجِيعَةٌ.

رُجْعَانٌ: see رَجْعَةٌ, in the latter half of the paragraph, in two places.

رِجَاعٌ The nose-rein of a camel: (IDrd, K:) or the part thereof which falls upon the nose of the camel: pl. [of pauc.] أَرْجِعَةٌ and [of mult.]

رُجُعٌ: (K:) from رَجَعَ in the phrase رَجَعَ فُلَانٌ عَلَى أَنْفِ بَعِيرِهِ [q. v.]. (IDrd.) b2: It is also an inf. n.: see 1, in the middle of the paragraph.

رَجِيعٌ. [Made, or caused, to return, go back, come back, or revert; sent back, turned back, or returned: repeated: rebutted, rejected, or repudiated, in reply, or replication: like ↓ مَرْجُوعٌ: and used in all these senses; as will be seen from what follows: and also, like ↓ مُرَجَّعٌ,] made, or caused, to return, go back, come back, or revert, again and again, or time after time; sent back, turned back, or returned, again and again, or time after time; made, or caused, to go, or move, repeatedly to and fro; so to go and come; to reciprocate: reiterated: reproduced: renewed: syn. مُرَدَّدٌ: [in the CK مَرْدُودٌ:] applied to anything: (S, K:) or to anything that is said or done: (Msb, TA:) because meaning ↓ مَرْجُوعٌ, i. e. مَرْدُودٌ: (S, Msb, TA:) or, applied to speech, (assumed tropical:) returned to its author; or repeated to him; or rebutted, rejected, or repudiated, in reply to him; syn. مَرْدُودٌ إِلَى صَاحِبِهِ: (Lth, K:) or, so applied, (tropical:) repeated: (A, TA:) or, so applied, (assumed tropical:) reiterated: (Er-Rághib, TA:) or, so applied, (assumed tropical:) disapproved, or disliked. (TA.) You say, إِيَّاكَ وَالرَّجِيعَ مِنَ القَوْلِ (tropical:) Avoid thou the saying that is repeated; (A, TA;) [or rebutted, &c.;] or disapproved. (TA.) b2: Applied to a beast, (S, TA,) and [particularly] to a camel, (K,) it signifies Made to return from journey to journey: (S, TA:) and also means (assumed tropical:) fatigued, or jaded, (S, K,) by journeying: (K:) fem. with رُجُعٌ (S, K:) or (tropical:) lean, or emaciated: (Er-Rághib, K:) in the K is here added, or which thou hast made to return from a journey, meaning from journey to journey; but this is identical with the first explanation of the word applied to a beast: (TA:) pl. رُجُعٌ; (K;) or [app. of the fem., agreeably with analogy, and as seems to be indicated by J,] رَجَائِعُ. (S.) رَجِيعُ سَفَرٍ and سَفَرٍ ↓ رِجْعُ [in like manner] signify Made to return repeatedly, or several times, in journeying; applied to a she-camel: (K:) and the former signifies, applied to a beast, and [particularly] to a camel, a he-camel, (بَعِير,) which one makes to return again and again, or time after time, or to come and go repeatedly, in journeying, and drags along: (TA:) both also mean (tropical:) lean, or emaciated: and are in like manner applied to a man: (Er-Rághib, TA:) and ↓ رَجْعِىٌّ and ↓ مَرْجَعَانِىٌّ, also, but the latter is vulgar, (assumed tropical:) lean, or emaciated, by journeying; applied to a beast. (TA.) You say also سَفْرٌ رَجِيعٌ Travellers returning from a journey. (TA.) And سَفَرٌ رَجِيعٌ A journey in which are repeated returnings. (IAar.) b3: Any food returned to the fire [to be heated again], having became cold: (K:) [and particularly] roasted meat heated a second time. (As.) b4: A rope, or cord, undone, and then twisted a second time: (L, K:) and, as some say, anything done a second time. (L.) b5: (assumed tropical:) Writing retraced with the pen, in order that it may became more plain: (KL:) and ↓ مَرْجُوعٌ [signifies the same: and also] (assumed tropical:) tattooing repeated and renewed; (EM p. 108;) tattooing of which the blackness has been restored: (TA:) pl. of the latter مَرَاجِيعُ. (TA, and EM ubi suprà.) b6: (tropical:) Dung, ordure, or excrement, of a solid-hoofed animal; (S, Mgh, Msb, K;) as also ↓ رَجْعٌ; (K;) and of a man; (S, Mgh, Msb, K;) as also ↓ the latter word; (TA;) and of a beast of prey; as also ↓ the latter: (S, TA:) because it returns from its first state, (Mgh, Msb, TA,) after having been food or fodder &c.; (TA;) having the meaning of an act. part. n., (Er-Rághib, Msb,) or, it may be, of a pass. part. n. (Er-Rághib.) b7: (tropical:) The cud which is ruminated by camels and the like: (S, * K:) because it returns to be eaten. (TA.) So in the saying of El-Aashà, وَفَلَاةٍ كَأَنَّهَا ظَهْرُ تُرْسٍ

لَيْسَ إِلَّا الرَّجِيعَ فِيهَا عَلَاقُ i. e. [Many a desert, or waterless desert, as though it were the back of a shield,] in which there is not found by the camels anything to serve for the support of life except the cud. (S.) b8: (assumed tropical:) Sweat: (K:) because, having been water, it returns as sweat. (TA.) b9: See also رَجْعٌ, in three places. b10: Also (assumed tropical:) The [part called] فَأْس of a bit: (Ibn-' Abbád, K:) [because of its returning motion.] b11: And (assumed tropical:) Niggardly, tenacious, or avaricious; syn. بَخِيلٌ [in the CK and a MS. copy of the K, نَخِيل]. (Ibn-' Abbád, K, TA.) رَجُوعَةٌ: see رَجْعَةٌ, in the latter half of the paragraph.

رَجِيعَةٌ A she-camel that is purchased with the price of another she-camel; as also ↓ رَاجِعَةٌ: (S:) or a female that is purchased with the price of a male. (' Alee Ibn-Hamzeh.) [See also رِجْعَةٌ: and see رَجِيعٌ, of which it is originally the fem.] Accord. to ISk, ↓ رَجْعِيَّةٌ signifies A camel which one has purchased from men who have brought him from another place for sale; which is not of the district in which he is: [but this appears to be a mistranscription, for رَجِيعَةٌ; for he adds,] the pl. is رَجَائِعُ. (TA.) رَجَّاعٌ (assumed tropical:) One who returns much, or often, unto God. (TA.) رَاجِعٌ [act. part. n. of 1. Hence the saying, إِنَّا لِلّٰهِ وَإِنَّا إِلَيْهِ رَاجِعُونَ, explained above: see 10. b2: Also, without ة,] (assumed tropical:) A woman who returns to her family in consequence of the death of her husband (Az, S, Msb, K) or in consequence of divorcement; (Az, Msb;) as also ↓ مُرَاجِعٌ: (Az, K:) or, accord. to some, (Msb,) she who is divorced [and sent back to her family] is termed مَرْدُودَةٌ. (S, Msb.) b3: [In like manner without ة,] applied to a she-camel, and to a she-ass, it signifies (assumed tropical:) That raises her tail, and compresses her two sides (قُطْرَيْهَا), and casts forth her urine in repeated discharges, so that she is imagined to be pregnant, (S, K,) and then fails of fulfilling her [apparent] promise: (S:) or (assumed tropical:) that conceives, and then fails of fulfilling her promise; because she goes back from what is hoped of her: (TA:) or, applied to a she-camel, (assumed tropical:) that has appeared to have conceived, and is then found to be not pregnant: (As:) pl. رَوَاجِعُ. (S, TA.) [See also رَجَعَتْ.] b4: (assumed tropical:) A sick man whose soul [or health] has returned to him after his being debilitated by disease: and (assumed tropical:) a man whose soul [or health] has returned to him after severe and constant illness. (TA.) رَاجِعَةٌ [originally fem. of رَاجِعٌ, q. v.]: see رَجِيعَةٌ: b2: and see رَجْعٌ. b3: Also, [app. from the returning of its water time after time,] (assumed tropical:) A water-course of a valley. (ISh, TA.) b4: رَوَاجِعُ [is its pl., and] signifies Varying winds; because of their coming and going. (TA.) b5: Hence also, رَوَاجِعُ الأَبْوَابِ [The leaves of doors]. (TA.) أَرْجَعُ (tropical:) More [and most] productive of return, or profitable. (TA.) You say, هٰذَا أَرْجَعُ فِى

يَدى مِنْ هٰذَا (tropical:) This is more productive of return, or profitable, in my hand than this. (TA.) مَرْجِعٌ an inf. n. of the intrans. verb رَجَعَ [q. v.]. (S, Msb, K, &c.) b2: [Hence it signifies sometimes (assumed tropical:) Recourse. See مَنَابٌ, in art. نوب.]

A2: [A place to which a person, or thing, returns after going or moving therefrom; agreeably with analogy. See an ex. voce مَحْضَرٌ.] b2: [Hence,] مَرْجِعُ الكَتِفِ (tropical:) The lower part of the shoulderblade, (S, K, TA,) next the arm-pit, [that on the left side being] in the region where the heart beats; (TA;) as also الكَتِفِ ↓ رَجْعُ: (S, K:) and مَرْجِعُ المِرْفَقِ (tropical:) [the place to which the elbow returns when, after it has been removed from its usual place, it is brought back thereto; which place in a beast is next the arm-pit: see فَرِيصٌ, in three places]: (TA:) pl. مَرَاجِعُ. (TA.) b3: [مَرْجِعٌ also signifies (assumed tropical:) The place, or thing, to which a person, or thing, is referred, as his, or its, source: see مَنْصِبٌ. b4: Also, (assumed tropical:) A state, or condition, to which a person, or thing, returns. b5: And (assumed tropical:) The place, and the state, or condition, or result, to which a person, or thing, ultimately, or eventually, comes. A goal.]

A3: It is also an inf. n. of رَجَعَهُ. (K.) مُرْجِعٌ, [without ة,] applied to a she-camel, (assumed tropical:) Becoming in good condition after leanness. (Ks, TA.) [See 4, of which it is the act. part. n.]

b2: هٰذَا مَتَاعٌ مُرْجِعٌ (assumed tropical:) This is a commodity for which there will be a return, or profit, or gain. (S, * TA.) b3: سَفْرَةٌ مُرْجِعَةٌ (tropical:) A journey having a recompense, or reward, and a good issue or result. (K, TA.) مُرَجَّعٌ: see رَجِيعٌ; first sentence.

مَرْجَعَانِىٌّ: see رَجِيعٌ, in the latter half of the paragraph.

مَرْجُوعٌ [pass. part. n. of رَجَعَهُ]: see رَجِيعٌ, in three places: b2: and رَجْعَةٌ, in the latter half of the paragraph, in three places: b3: and رِجْعَةٌ, near the end of the paragraph, in four places.

مَرْجُوعَةٌ: see رَجْعَةٌ, in the latter half of the paragraph.

مُرَاجِعٌ: see رَاجِعٌ.

رفع

1 رَفَعَهُ, (S, Msb, K,) aor. ـَ (K, TA,) inf. n. رَفْعٌ, (S, Mgh, Msb,) He raised it: [this is generally the best rendering, as it serves to indicate several particular significations which will be found explained in what follows:] he elevated it; upraised it; uplifted it: he took it up: contr. of خَفَضَهُ: (Msb:) or of وَضَعَهُ: (S, Mgh, K:) as also ↓ رفّعهُ, (K,) inf. n. تَرْفِيعٌ; (TA;) and ↓ ارتفعهُ; (K;) for accord. to the “ Nawádir,” you say, ارتفعهُ بِيَدِهِ and رَفَعَهُ [he raised it, lifted it, heaved it, or took it up, with his hand]; but Az says that ارتفع is intrans., and that he has heard no authority for its being trans., in the sense of رَفَعَ, except that which he had read in the “ Nawádir el-Aaráb:” (TA:) رَفْعٌ is sometimes applied to corporeal things, meaning the raising, or elevating, a thing from the resting-place thereof: sometimes to a building, meaning the rearing it, uprearing it, or making it high or lofty: (Er-Rághib:) or in relation to corporeal things, it is used properly to denote motion, and removal: (Msb:) it signifies the putting away or removing or turning back a thing after the coming or arriving thereof; like as دَفْعٌ signifies the putting away or removing or turning back a thing before the coming or arriving [thereof]: (Kull p. 185:) but in relation to ideal things, it is [tropically used, as it is also in many other cases, and] accorded in meaning to what the case requires. (Msb.) [In its principal senses, proper and tropical, رَفْعٌ agrees with the Latin Tollere..] It is said in the Kur [ii. 60 and 87], رَفَعْنَا فَوْقَكُمُ الطُّورَ We raised above you from its resting-place the mountain: and in the same [xii. 2], اَللّٰهُ الَّذِى رَفَعَ السَّمٰوَاتِ بِغَيْرِ عَمَدٍ تَرَوْنَهَا [God is He who raised the heavens without pillars that ye see; or, as ye see them]: and in the same [ii. 121], وَإِذْ يَرْفَعُ إِبْرٰهِيمُ القَوَاعِدَ مِنَ البَيْتِ [And when Abraham] was rearing or uprearing or making high or lofty [the foundations of the House of God, at Mekkeh]. (Er-Rághib.) And you say, اِرْفَعْ هٰذَا Take thou this: (Mgh:) or take it and carry it [away; or take it up and remove it]. (TA.) And رَفَعَ الزَّرعَ, (Lh, K,) or رَفَعَهُ إِلَى البَيْدَرِ, (Msb,) aor. ـَ (Lh,) inf. n. رَفْعٌ (Lh, S) and رِفَاعَةٌ and رِفَاعٌ [perhaps a mistranscription for رَفَاعُ, which see below], (Lh, TA,) He removed, or transported, the seed-produce from the place in which he had reaped it, (Lh,) or carried it after the reaping, (S, K,) to the place in which the grain was to be trodden out. (Lh, S, K.) [This last signification is said in the TA to be tropical; but according to a passage of the Msb quoted in the first sentence of this art., it is proper. In most of the phrases here following, the verb is undoubtedly used tropically.] b2: رَفَعُوا إِلَىَّ عُيُونَهُمْ (tropical:) [They raised towards me their eyes]. (TA.) b3: دَخَلْتُ عَلَى فُلَانٍ فَلَمْ يَرْفَعْ بِى

رَأْسًا (Mgh, TA *) (tropical:) I went in to such a one, and he did not look towards me, nor pay any regard, or attention, to me. (Mgh.) [بِى is not here a mistake for لِى, for the phrase is often found thus written.] b4: رُفِعَ لِىَ الشَّىْءُ (assumed tropical:) [The thing was, as it were, raised into view, i. e. it rose into view, to me;] I saw the thing from afar. (TA.) b5: رَفَعَ السَّرَابُ الشَّخْصَ, aor. ـَ inf. n. رَفْعٌ, (tropical:) The mirage raised, or elevated [to the eye, (see an ex. near the end of the first paragraph of art. زول)] the figure of a man or some other thing seen from a distance; [or it may be allowable to render it, made it to appear tall, and as though quivering, vibrating, or playing up and down;] syn. زَهَاهُ [of which, when it relates to the mirage, the meaning is best expressed by the latter of the two explanations here given]. (TA.) b6: وَرَفَعْنَا بَعْضَهُمْ فَوْقَ بَعْضٍ دَرَجَاتٍ, in the Kur [xliii. 31], means (assumed tropical:) And we have exalted some of them above others in degrees of rank, or station: and نَرْفَعُ دَرَجَاتٍ

مَنْ نَشَآءُ, in the same, [vi. 83, and xii. 76,] (assumed tropical:) We exalt in degrees of rank, or station, whom We please: (Er-Rághib:) and وَاللّٰهُ يَرْفَعُ مَنْ يَشَآءُ وَيَخْفِضُ (assumed tropical:) And God exalteth whom He pleaseth, and abaseth: (S and TA:) and [in like manner,] رَفْعُ الذِّكْرِ means the exalting of one's fame; as in the Kur xciv. 4. (Er-Rághib.) But the words, وَإِلَى السَّمَآءِ كَيْفَ رُفِعَتْ, in the Kur [lxxxviii. 18], indicate two meanings; And to the heaven, how it is elevated in respect of its place; and (assumed tropical:) how it is exalted in respect of excellence, and exaltation of rank. (Er-Rághib.) [In like manner also,] فِى بُيُوتٍ أَذِنَ اللّٰهُ أَنْ تُرْفَعَ, in the Kur [xxiv. 36], means In houses which God hath permitted to be built; (Bd, TA;) accord. to some: (TA:) or, (assumed tropical:) to be honoured; (Zj, Bd;) so says El-Hasan; (Zj;) or, (assumed tropical:) to be exalted in estimation. (Er-Rághib.) It is said in a trad., إِنَّ اللّٰهَ يَرْفَعُ العَدْلَ وَيَخْفِضُهُ (assumed tropical:) Verily God exalteth the just, and maketh him to have the ascendency over the unjust, and at one time abaseth him, so that He maketh the unjust to overcome him, in order to try his creatures, in the present world. (Az, TA.) [See also art. خفض.] And you say, رَفَعَهُ عَلَى صَاحِبِهِ فِى المَجْلِسِ (assumed tropical:) He advanced him above his companion [in the sitting-place, or sitting-room, or assembly]. (TA.) And رَفَعْتُكَ عَنْ كَذَا (assumed tropical:) [I exalted thee, or held thee, above such a thing]: (M voce رَبَأَ:) and إِنِّى لَأَرْفَعْكَ عَنْ هٰذَا الأَمْرِ (assumed tropical:) [Verily I exalt thee, or hold thee, above this thing]. (S voce رَبَأَ, q. v.) b7: رَفَعَ اللّٰهُ عَمَلَهُ (assumed tropical:) [God honoured his work by acceptance; or] God accepted his work. (Msb.) It is said in the Kur [xxxv. 11], وَالْعَمَلُ الصَّالِحُ يَرْفَعُهُ (assumed tropical:) And righteous work He will accept: (Jel:) or the meaning is يَرْفَعُ العَمَلُ الصَّالِحُ الكَلِمَ الطَّيَّبَ (assumed tropical:) [righteous work will cause praise, or the like, (mentioned immediately before the above-cited words of the Kur,) to ascend, and obtain acceptance]: (Mujáhid, TA:) Katádeh says, [that the meaning is,] speech will not be accepted without work. (TA.) b8: رَفْعٌ Also signifies (assumed tropical:) The bringing a thing near; or presenting, or offering, it; syn. تَقْرِيبٌ. (S.) And hence, رَفَعْتُهُ إِلَى السُّلْطَانِ, (S, Mgh, K,) and إِلَى الحَكَمِ, (TA,) inf. n. رَفْعٌ (S, * TA) and رُفْعَانٌ (S, K) and رِفْعَانٌ, (TA,) (tropical:) I presented him to, or brought him before, or brought him forward to, the Sultán, (S, * Mgh, * K, * TA,) and the judge, to arraign him and contest with him: (TA:) and إِلَى الحَاكِمِ ↓ رَافَعَهُ, (S K,) inf. n. مُرَافَعَةٌ, (TA,) [in like manner] signifies (tropical:) he preferred a complaint against him to the governor, or judge: (K:) or (tropical:) he presented him to, or brought him before, or brought him forward to, the governor, or judge, to arraign him and contest with him, and preferred a complaint against him: (TA:) [or it denotes the doing so mutually; for, accord. to Mtr,] خَصْمَهُ إِلَى السُّلْطَانِ ↓ رَافَعَ signifies (tropical:) he brought his adversary before the Sultán (قَرَّبَهُ

إِلَيْهِ), the latter doing the same with him. (Mgh.) [See also 2.] b9: رَفَعَ القُرْآنَ عَلَى السُّلْطَانِ (tropical:) [He adduced, or brought forward, the Kur-án against the Sultán;] he interpreted the Kur-án against the Sultán, and judged thereby that he should rebel against him. (TA.) b10: رَفْعْتُ الرَّجُلَ also signifies (tropical:) I traced up the man's lineage to his greatest ancestor; or I mentioned his lineage, saying, He is such a one the son of such a one, or He is of such a tribe, or city, &c.; syn. نَمَيْتُهُ, and نَسَبْتُهُ. (TA.) b11: And hence, رَفَعَ الحَدِيثَ

إِلَى النَّبِىِّ (tropical:) [He traced up, or ascribed, or attributed, the tradition to the Prophet, mentioning, in ascending order, the persons by whom it had been handed down, up to the Prophet; in the manner more fully explained in the sentence here next following]. (TA.) You say also, رَفَعَ الحَدِيثَ إِلَى قَائِلِهِ, meaning أَسْنَدَهُ [i. e. (assumed tropical:) He traced up, or ascribed, or attributed, the tradition to the author thereof, by mentioning him, or by mentioning, uninterruptedly, in ascending order, the persons by whom it had been transmitted, up to the Prophet; or by mentioning the person who had related it to him from the Prophet if only one person intervened, saying, “Such a one told me, from such a one,” (and so on if more than one intervened between him and the Prophet,) “ from the Apostle of God; ” or with an interruption in the mention of the persons by whom it had been transmitted]. (S * and Msb in art. سند.) [And hence what next follows.] It is said in a trad., رَفَعَتْ إِلَيْنَا مِنَ البَلَاغِ ↓ كُلُّ رَافِعَةٍ

فَقَدْ حَرَّمْتُهَا أَنْ تُعْضَدَ أَوْتُخْبَطَ, (S, * TA, [in a very old and excellent copy of the former of which I find, as above, إِلَيْنَا, and so in some copies of the K and in the O and TA in art. بلغ; but in one copy of the S and in the TA in the present art., I find in its place عَلَيْنَا, and so in the CK in art. بلغ, where the verb preceding it is erroneously written رُفِعَتْ; and in the L, in the place of الينا is put عَنَّا; of all which three readings I prefer the first; though the last is agreeable with an explanation of رَفَعْتُهُ given in the Msb and in the sentence next following;]) i. e. (assumed tropical:) Every company of men (جَمَاعَة, S, TA), or person (نَفْس, TA), that communicates, or announces, from us, (S, TA,) and makes known, [lit. traces up to us,] what we say, (TA,) [or rather, aught of what is communicated, or announced,] or [aught] of what is communicated, or announced, of the Kur-án and of the [statutes, or ordinances, &c., termed]

سُنَن, (K in art. بلغ,) or the meaning is مِنْ ذَوِى

البَلَاغِ, i. e., التَّبْلِيغِ, [of those who have the office of communicating, or announcing,] the simple subst. being put in the place of the inf. n., (T, O, K, TA, all in art. بلغ,) let that company, or person, communicate, or announce, and relate, that I have forbidden [its trees' being lopped, or being beaten with a stick in order that their leaves may fall off,] referring to El-Medeeneh: (S, * TA:) but some relate it differently, saying, مِنَ البُلَّاغِ [of the communicaters, or announcers,] like حُدَّاث in the sense of مُحَدِّثُون: (TA:) and some say, مِنَ البِلَاغِ, meaning من المُبَالِغِينَ فِى التَّبْلِيغِ, i. e. of those who do their utmost in communicating, or announcing. (Hr, and K in art. بلغ.) b12: [Hence,] رَفَعْتُهُ [alone] signifies (tropical:) I made it known. (Msb.) You say, رَفَعَ عَلَيْهِ كَلَامًا (assumed tropical:) [He told, or related, a saying against him; informed against him]. (S and K voce رَقَّى, q. v.) And رَفَعَ عَلَى

العَامِلِ رَفِيعَةً (tropical:) He communicated, (S,) or made known, (Msb,) [or submitted, or referred,] a case [to the administrator of the law]; (S;) and إِلَى

الحَاكِمِ [to the governor, or judge]. (TA.) And رَفَعْتُ الأَمْرَ إِلَى السُّلْطِانِ, inf. n. رُفْعَانٌ, (tropical:) I made known [or submitted, or referred, by way of appeal,] the affair, or matter, to the Sultán. (Msb.) [See also 2.] b13: [And hence, app.,] رُفِعَتْ لَهُ غَايَةٌ فَسَمَا لَهَا (tropical:) [An object to be reached, or accomplished, was proposed to him, and he aspired to it]. (TA.) b14: رَفَعَ البَعِيرَ, (Sb, K,) and النَّاقَةَ, (TA,) or رَفَعَ النَّاقَةَ فِى السَّيْرِ, and الدَّابَّةَ, (M in art. نص,) inf. n. رَفْعٌ, (TA in that art.,) (tropical:) He made the camel, (S, Msb, K,) and the she-camel, (TA,) and the beast, (M ubi suprà,) to exert himself, or herself, to the full, or to the utmost, or beyond measure, in going, or pace; (S, K, TA;) or to go quickly; (Msb;) or to go with the utmost celerity: (TA in art. نص:) or constrained him, or her, to go the pace termed مَرْفُوع [q. v. infrà], (TA,) which is an inf. n. of the intrans. verb رَفَعَ [q. v. infrà] said of a camel (S, TA) and of a beast: (TA:) and ↓ رفّعهُ, (S, TA,) [and رفّعها,] and رفّع مِنْهُ, (TA,) [and مِنْهَا,] inf. n. تَرْفِيعٌ, signify the same: (S, TA:) or the phrase used by the Arabs is اِرْفَعْ مِنْ دَابَّتِكَ (tropical:) [Make thou thy beast to exert itself, &c.]. (L, TA.) [You say also, app. in like manner, رَفَعَتْنِى

أَرْضٌ: or in this case the verb may have a different meaning: see an ex. in the first paragraph of art. خفض.] b15: [Hence,] رَفَعْتُهُ إِلَى حَدِّ مَا عِنْدَهُ مِنَ العِلْمِ (assumed tropical:) [I urged him to tell the utmost of what he knew;] (A in art. نص;) i. e. I went to the utmost point [with him] in questioning him, or asking him. (TA in that art.) b16: [رَفَعَ النَّارَ (assumed tropical:) He stirred up the fire; made it to burn up.]

b17: رَفَعَتِ النَّاقَةُ لَبَنَهَا (tropical:) The she-camel [drew up, or withdrew, or withheld, her milk; i. e.,] did not yield her milk: (A, TA:) and رَفَعَتِ اللِّبَأَ فِى

ضَرْعِهَا (tropical:) [She (a camel) drew up, & c., or refused to yield, the biestings in her udder]. (As, S, K.) b18: رَفَعَهُ فِى خِزَانَتِهِ, and صُنْدُوقِهِ, (tropical:) He kept it, preserved it, laid it up, stowed it, or reposited it, in his repository, store-room, or closet, and his chest. (TA.) b19: هُوَ لَا يَرْفَعُ العَصَا عَنْ عَاتِقِهِ, (Msb, TA,) or عَصَاهُ عن عاتقه, or عَنْ أَهْلِهِ, (Mgh,) (tropical:) [lit. He does not put away the staff, or stick, or his staff, or stick, from his shoulder, or from his wife,] is an allusion to discipline, chastisement, or punishment, (Mgh, TA,) or to severity thereof, (Msb,) and to beating (Mgh, TA) of women; (Mgh;) not meaning that the staff, or stick, is on the shoulder: (Msb:) or the first is an allusion to many journeyings. (TA.) b20: رُفِعَ القَلَمُ عَنْ ثَلَاثٍ; (Mgh, Msb;) so in the “ Firdows,” on the authority of 'Alee and I' Ab and 'Áïsheh, meaning ثَلَاثِ

أَنْفُسٍ; (assumed tropical:) [The pen of the recording angel is withheld from three persons;] a saying of Mohammad, which means that nothing is recorded either for or against three persons; (Mgh, Msb; *) these three being the sleeper until he awakes, the afflicted with disease or the like, or the demented, until he recovers, and the child until he becomes big, or attains to puberty. (El-Jámi' -es-Sagheer of Es-Suyootee; in which we find ثَلَاثَةٍ in the place of ثَلَاثٍ.) This is like the saying next before mentioned; the pen having never been put [to the tablet to record aught] against the child. (Msb.) b21: [رَفَعَ often signifies (assumed tropical:) He withdrew, put away, removed, did away or did away with, annulled, revoked, or remitted.] You say, اَللّٰهُمَّ ارْفَعْ عَنَّا هٰذِهِ الضُّغْطَةَ (assumed tropical:) [O God, withdraw, put away, or remove, from us this straitness, difficulty, distress, or affliction]. (S in art. ضغط.) [And in like manner also you say, رَفَعَ عَنْهُ العَذَابَ (assumed tropical:) He withdrew, or put away, from him the punishment; he annulled, revoked, or remitted, his punishment.] رَفَعُوا الحَرْبَ [may also be rendered in a similar manner; (assumed tropical:) They gave over, or relinquished, war; as though they put it away; like وَضَعُوهَا: but] is used by Moosà Ibn-Jábir [in the contr. sense, (assumed tropical:) they raised, or made, war;] in opposition to وضعوها. (Ham p. 180.) b22: اِخْتَلَفُوا فَقَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ نَرْفَعُ طَرِيقًا وَقَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ لَا نَرْفَعُ means (assumed tropical:) [They disagreed; and some of them said,] We will exclude a way, or passage, from among the portions, or shares, (قِسْمة, [q. v.,]) of the land, or the house; and [some of them said,] We will not exclude it. (Mgh.) b23: In the conventional language of the grammarians, رَفْعٌ, in the inflection of words, is like ضَمٌّ in the non-inflection. (S) [You say, رَفَعَ الحَرْفَ, aor. ـَ inf. n. رَفْعٌ, (assumed tropical:) He made the final letter to have Bٌ or رَفُعَ in its inflection.]

A2: رَفَعَ القَوْمُ (tropical:) The people, or company of men, went up, or upwards, through the countries, or lands. (As, K, TA.) b2: رَفَعَ البَعِيرُ, (S, Msb, K,) فِى السَّيْرِ, (S,) or فِى سَيْرِهِ, (Msb, K,) inf. n. مَرْفُوعٌ (Sb, S, TA) and رَفْعٌ, (S, A, K, all in art. خفض,) the former an inf. n. (Sb, S, TA) of the measure مَفْعُولٌ, (Sb, TA,) like [its contr. مَخْفُوضٌ, and] مَجْلُودٌ, and مَعْقُولٌ, (S, TA,) and مَوْضُوعٌ, (Sb, TA,) (tropical:) The camel exerted himself to the full, or to the utmost, or beyond measure, in going, or pace, or in his going, or his pace: (S, K, TA:) or was quick therein: (Msb:) or went the pace termed مَرْفُوع, [q. v. infrà,] which is a running below that termed حُضْر: (S, TA:) as though he had that [manner of going] which raised him, as well as that which lowered him. (Sb and TA with reference to the inf. n. مرفوع and موضوع.) And رَفَعُوا فِى مَسِيرِهِمْ (assumed tropical:) They [namely men] rose above the [easy and quick pace termed] هَمْلَجَة in their going, or journeying. (ISk.) A3: رَفُعَ, inf. n. رِفْعَةٌ; (S, K;) or, accord. to Aboo-Bekr Mohammad Ibn-Es-Sereé, [so in two copies of the S, but in others, accord. to the TA, Ibn-EsSarráj,] they did not say رَفُعَ from رَفِيعٌ in the sense of شَرِيفٌ; (S, O;) so says Sb; and he adds, but [they said] ↓ ارتفع; (TA;) (tropical:) He (a man, S) was, or became, high, elevated, exalted, lofty, or eminent, in rank, condition, or state; (S, K, TA;) noble, honourable, glorious, or illustrious. (TA.) And رَفُعَ فِى حَسَبِهِ وَنَسَبِهِ (assumed tropical:) He was, or became, of high or exalted rank, or noble, or honourable, in his grounds of pretension to respect, and his relationship, or race, or lineage. (Msb.) b2: رَفُعَ الثَّوْبُ (assumed tropical:) The garment, or piece of cloth, was fine, fine in texture, delicate, or thin. (Msb.) b3: رَفُعَ, (S, K,) inf. n. رَفَاعَةٌ, (K,) (tropical:) He (a man, S) was, or became, high, or loud, (رَفِيع,) in voice. (S, K.) [See رَفَاعَةٌ below.]2 رفّعهُ, inf. n. تَرْفِيعٌ: see 1, in the first sentence. b2: He took it, namely, a thing, and raised it, (رَفَعَهُ,) the first [part thereof] and then the first [or next in succession]: En-Nábighah EdhDhubyánee says, خَلَّتْ سَبِيلَ أَتِىٍّ كَانَ يحْبِسُهُ وَرَفَّعَتْهُ إِلَى السِّجْفَيْنِ فَالنَّضَدِ [She had cleared the way of a torrent coming from another quarter, which it (meaning the barrier raised around the tent to keep away the torrent, which barrier is mentioned two verses before,) confined, and raised it by degrees, the first part and then the next, to the two curtains meeting together at the entrance of the tent, and then to the goods piled up therein: or the meaning here intended is, brought it forward, or advanced it; syn. قَدَّمَتْهُ; agreeably with the next explanation of رَفَّعَ here following: see some observations on the above-cited verse in De Sacy's Chrest. Ar., 2nd. ed., vol. ii. pp. 430 and 431]. (Lth, TA.) b3: رَفَّعَهُمْ He put them, brought them, or sent them, forward; or advanced them; لِلْحَرْبِ to the war, or fight: or, accord. to Ibn-'Abbád and the K, he put them, sent them, or removed them, far away; [app. meaning, far in advance;] فِى الحَرْبِ in the war, or fight. (TA.) You say also, رَفَّعْتُ هٰذَا الأَمْرَ إِلَى الأَمِيرِ (assumed tropical:) I brought forward this affair, or matter, to the commander, governor, or prince. (From an Arabic note on the above-cited verse of En-Nábighah, cited by De Sacy, ubi suprà.) [See also 1, in two places in which reference is made to this paragraph.] b4: رفّع البَعِيرَ, and النَّاقَةَ, and رفّع مِنْهُ, and مِنْهَا: see 1, in the latter half of the paragraph.

A2: رفّع الحِمَارُ, (Lth, K,) inf. n. as above, (Lth,) (assumed tropical:) The ass ran with a running of which one part was quicker (أَرْفَع) than another. (Lth, K.) 3 رافعهُ إِلَى الحَاكِمِ, inf. n. مُرَافَعَةٌ: and رافع خَصْمَهُ إِلَى السُّلْطَانِ: see 1, in the former half of the paragraph. b2: رَافَعَنِى فُلَانٌ وَخَافَضَنِى فَلَمْ أَفْعَلْ (tropical:) Such a one endeavoured in every way to induce me to turn or incline, or endeavoured in every way to turn me by deceit or guile, but I did not [that which he desired]. (K, * TA.) b3: رافع بِهِمْ (assumed tropical:) He spared them; or pardoned them, and forbore to slay them. (K.) And رَافَعْتُهُ (assumed tropical:) I left him; or left him unmolested; or left him, being left by him; or made peace, or reconciled myself, with him; syn. تَارَكْتُهُ. (TA.) 5 ترفّع (tropical:) He exalted himself; he was, or became, haughty, proud, or disdainful; syn. تَجَالَّ; (S in art. جل;) [and so فِى نَفْسِهِ ↓ ارتفع, occurring in the S in art. دكل, on the authority of Az.] You say, فُلَانٌ يَتَرَفَّعُ عَنْ ذٰلِكَ (S ubi suprà, TA *) (tropical:) Such a one exalts himself above that; holds himself above it; disdains it; or is disdainful of it; syn. يَتَجَالُّ. (S ubi suprà.) And تَرَفَّعَتْ بِى هِمَّتِى عَنْ كَذَا (tropical:) [My ambition raised me above such a thing; made me to hold myself above it, or to disdain it]. (TA.) b2: See also 8.6 تَرَافَعْنَا إِلَى الحَاكِمِ (tropical:) [Each of us preferred a complaint against the other to the governor, or judge: or each of us presented the other to, or brought him before, or brought him forward to, the governor, or judge, to arraign him and contest with him, and preferred a complaint against him: agreeably with explanations of the phrase رَافَعَهُ إِلَى الحَاكِمِ]: (S:) or each of us communicated, or made known, his case [against the other] to the governor, or judge. (TA.) 8 ارتفع It became raised; or it rose: it rose high, or became high or elevated or lofty: [it became raised, upraised, uplifted, or elevated, or it rose, from its resting-place: and, said of a building, it became reared, upreared, or made high or lofty:] it became taken up: [it became taken away, put away, or removed; or it went away; after its coming or arriving: thus when said of corporeal things: but when said of ideal things, it is tropically used, as it is also in many other cases, and accorded in meaning to what the case requires:] quasi-pass. of رَفَعَهُ as signifying the contr. of وَضَعَهُ. (S, K.) [See 1; first sentence.] b2: It (the water of a well) rose, by its becoming copious: and also it went away: (A in art. قلص:) [in which latter sense, likewise, it is said of milk in the udder; or as meaning it became drawn up, or withdrawn, or withheld: see 1. See also a usage of this verb voce رَقَأَ.] b3: (tropical:) Said of a man: see 1, voce رَفُعَ, near the end of the paragraph. b4: ارتفع قَدْرُهُ (tropical:) [His rank became high, elevated, exalted, lofty, or eminent]. (S, TA.) b5: اِرْتَفِعْ, said to a man entering a sittingplace, sitting-room, or assembly, means (tropical:) Advance thou: it is not from اِرْتِفَاعٌ denoting height. (TA.) b6: See also 5. b7: ارتفعت الضُّحَى (tropical:) [The morning became advanced; meaning] the sun became high: الضُّحَى being originally a pl., namely, of الضَّحْوَةُ; [wherefore the verb is fem.;] but afterwards used as a sing. [as in the next ex. here following]. (Msb.) You say also, الضُّحَى ↓ تَرَفَّعَ (tropical:) [meaning the same]. (TA.) And ارتفع النَّهَارُ (assumed tropical:) [The day became advanced, the sun being somewhat high: a phrase said by the doctors of the law in the present day to be employed when the sun has risen the measure of a رُمْح or more]. (S and K in art. متع; &c.) b8: ارتفع السِّعْرُ وَانْحَطَّ (tropical:) [The price rose, or advanced, and became low, or abated]. (TA.) b9: [ارتفعوا (assumed tropical:) They removed from, or to, a place. b10: ارتفع عَنْهُ, said of a disease, pain, an affliction, and the like, (assumed tropical:) It quitted him; became withdrawn from him.] b11: النَّقِيضَانِ لَا يَجْتَمِعَانِ وَلَا يَرْتَفِعَانِ (assumed tropical:) [What are termed نقيضان cannot be coexistent in the same thing, nor simul taneously nonexistent in the same thing]; as existence itself and nonexistence, and motion and rest. (Kull pp. 231 and 232.) A2: ارتفعهُ: see 1; first sentence.10 استرفعهُ He desired, required, demanded, or asked, that it should be raised, elevated, taken up, or removed. (K.) You say, استرفع الوَاعِظُ الأَيْدِىَ لِلدُّعَآءِ The preacher asked that the hands of the people should be raised for supplication. (TA.) b2: [And hence, as though meaning استرفع نَفْسَهُ i. e. It required that itself should be re moved,] استرفع الخُوَانُ (assumed tropical:) What was on the table became consumed, and it was time for it to be taken up, or removed. (K.) رَفْعٌ [see رَفَعَ, (of which it is the inf. n.,) throughout].

رِفْعَةٌ [see رَفُعَ, near the end of the first para graph: used as a simple subst., which it seems properly to be accord. to some of the lexicologists,] (tropical:) High, elevated, exalted, lofty, or eminent, rank or condition or state; nobility, honourableness, gloriousness, or illustriousness; (TA;) as also ↓ رِفَاعَةٌ, a subst. from رَفُعَ. (Msb.) هٰذِهِ أَيَّامُ رَفَاعٍ, and ↓ رِفَاعٍ; (AA, ISk, Az, S, Mgh, * Msb, * K;) but As disallows the latter; (TA;) and Ks says, I have heard الجِرَام and الجَرَام, and their coordinates, [such as الصِّرَام and الصَّرَام, &c.,] but الرفاع with kesr I have not heard; (S, TA;) These are days of removal, or transport, of seed-produce from the place in which it has been reaped, (TA,) or of carriage thereof after reaping, (S, Mgh, K,) to the place in which the grain is trodden out. (S, Mgh, K, TA.) [See 1, near the beginning.] b2: رَفَاعٌ, or ↓ رِفَاعٌ, (accord. to different copies of the K,) or each, (TA,) also signifies The storing-up of seed produce. (K.) رِفَاعٌ: see the next preceding paragraph, in two places.

رَفِيعٌ (tropical:) High, elevated, exalted, lofty, or eminent, in rank, condition, or state; noble, honourable, or glorious; (S, Msb, K, TA;) applied to a man: (S, Msb, TA:) fem. with ة. (TA.) You say, هُوَ رَفِيعُ الحَسَبِ وَالقَدْرِ (tropical:) [He is high, &c., in respect of grounds of pretension to honour, and of rank]. (TA.) And hence the phrase used by letter-writers, الجَنَابُ الرَّفِيعُ (tropical:) [The exalted object of recourse]. (TA.) Hence also the phrase in the Kur [xl. 15], رَفِيعُ الدَّرَجَاتِ (assumed tropical:) The Exalted in respect of degrees of dignity: (Er-Rághib:) or this means (assumed tropical:) Great in respect of attributes: or the Exalter of the degrees of dignity of the believers in Paradise. (Jel.) b2: Applied to a garment, or piece of cloth, (assumed tropical:) Fine, fine in texture, delicate, or thin. (Msb.) b3: رَفِيعُ الصَّوْتِ (tropical:) [High, or loud, in voice]; (K, TA;) applied to a man. (TA.) b4: سَيْرٌ رَفِيعٌ (tropical:) [A pace in which a beast is made to exert itself to the full, or to the utmost, or beyond measure; or in which the utmost pos sible celerity is elicited: see رَفَعَ البَعِيرَ, in the latter half of the first paragraph: and see also مَرْفُوعٌ]. (K in art. نص.) رَفَاعَةٌ [an inf. n., (see 1, last sentence,)] and ↓ رُفَاعَةٌ, (ISk, S, K,) and ↓ رِفَاعَةٌ, (Sgh, K,) (tropical:) [Highness, or loudness, or] vehemence, (K, TA,) in the voice, (ISk, S,) or of the voice. (K.) رُفَاعَةٌ A string (خَيْط) whereby he who is shackled (مُقَيَّد) raises his shackles (قَيْد), (Yoo, S, K,) to which that string is fastened; (TA;) as also ↓ رِفَاعَةٌ. (K.) b2: Also, (S, K,) and ↓ رِفَاعَةٌ, (Az, K,) A thing by means of which a woman having little flesh in the posteriors makes herself to appear large [in that part]; (S;) i. q. عُظَّامَةٌ: (K:) pl. رَفَائِعُ. (TA.) A2: See also رَفَاعَةٌ.

رِفَاعَةٌ: see رِفْعَةٌ: b2: and رَفَاعَةٌ: A2: and see also رُفَاعَةٌ, in two places.

رَفِيعَةٌ (tropical:) A case which one communicates, or makes known, to the administrator of the law: (S, TA:) pl. رَفَائِعُ. (TA.) You say, لِى عَلَيْهِ رَفِيعَةٌ (tropical:) [I have, against him, a case to communicate, or make known, &c., or which I have communicated, or made known, &c.]. (TA.) رَفَّاعٌ (tropical:) One who traces up traditions to the Prophet, or to his Companions; or who communicates them, or makes them known. (TA.) [See رَفَعَ الحَدِيثَ &c.]

رَافِعٌ act. part. n. of رَفَعَهُ; Raising; &c. (Msb, TA.) b2: الرَّافِعُ, one of the names of God, meaning (tropical:) The Exalter of the believer by prospering [him], and of his saints by teaching [them]. (TA.) خَافِضَةٌ رَافِعَةٌ, in the Kur lvi. 3, is explained in art. خفض. b3: رَافِعَةٌ, for جَمَاعَةٌ رَافِعَةٌ, (S, TA,) or نَفْسٌ رَافِعَةٌ: (TA:) see a trad. (commencing with the words كُلُّ رَافِعَةِ) in the first paragraph of this art. b4: نَاقَةٌ رَافِعٌ (tropical:) A she-camel [drawing up, or withdrawing, or withholding, her milk; i. e.,] not yielding her milk: (A, TA:) or when she draws up, &c., or refuses to yield, (إِذَا رَفَعَتْ,) the biestings in her udder. (As, S, K.) [See also دَافِعٌ, to which it is opposed.]

A2: (tropical:) A man going up, or upwards, through the countries, or lands: pl. with ون. (TA.) b2: (tropical:) Lightning rising. (Lth, K, TA.) b3: رَوَافِعُ [pl. of رَافِعةٌ for جَمَاعَةٌ رَافِعَةٌ] (assumed tropical:) People going the pace termed مَرْفوع [on their camels or beasts]. (ISk.) b4: أَرْضٌ رَافِعَةُ السُّقْيَا (assumed tropical:) Land difficult of irrigation; contr. of خَافِضَةٌ السقيا. (TA in art. خفض.) رَافِعَةٌ [as a subst., or an epithet in which the quality of a subst. predominates,] A hard and elevated tract of land. (ISh, TA voce خَافِضَةٌ [which signifies the contr.]) [See also رَافِعٌ.]

أَرْفَعُ [Higher, or more elevated &c.: and highest, or most elevated &c.]. b2: أَرْفَعُ لِلْحَدِيثِ (tropical:) More skilled in tracing up, or ascribing, or attributing, a tradition to its author; i. q. أَنَصُّ, q. v. (TA in art. نص.) b3: عَدَا عَدْوًا بَعْضُهُ أَرْفَعُ مِنْ بَعَضٍ (assumed tropical:) [He ran with a running of which one part was quicker than another]; said of an ass. (Lth, K.) مَرْفَعٌ [A place of elevation: and hence, b2: ] A chair, or throne; syn. كُرْسِىٌّ: of the dial. of El Yemen. (TA.) مِرْفَعٌ A thing with which one raises, elevates, or takes up. (TA.) مَرْفُوعٌ pass. part. n. of رَفَعَهُ. b2: وَفُرُشٍ مَرْفُوعَةٍ, (S, K, *) in the Kur [lvi. 32], (S,) means [and beds raised] one upon another: (Fr, S, Bd, K:) or (assumed tropical:) of high estimation: (Bd:) or (tropical:) brought near to them: (S, K:) or wives elevated upon couches: (Bd:) or (assumed tropical:) honoured wives. (S, K.) b3: حَدِيثٌ مَرْفُوعٌ (tropical:) A tradition related by a Companion of the Prophet, and ascribed, or attributed, to the Prophet himself, by the mention of him as its author, or of the person, or persons, up to the Prophet, by whom it has been handed down. (Kull p. 152.) A2: It is also an inf. n.: [see رَفَعَ البَعِيرُ, in the latter half of the first paragraph:] and signifies (tropical:) A certain pace of a beast, (S, TA,) of a horse and of a camel; (L;) contr. of مَوْضُوعٌ; (S, TA;) and of مَخْفُوضٌ; (A in art. خفض;) it is a run below that termed حُضْر: (S, TA:) or above that which is termed مَوْضُوع, and below that which is termed عَدْو: (TA: [but probably عدو is here a mistake for حُضْر:]) or a pace of a camel rising above the [easy and quick rate of going termed] هَمْلَجَة. (ISk.) You say, لَيْسَ لَهُ مَرْفُوعٌ (tropical:) He (a beast) has not the pace termed مرفوع. (S.) جَبَلٌ مُرْتَفِعٌ A high mountain. (TA.)

رجل

1 رَجِلَ, (T, S, M, Msb, K,) aor. ـَ (Msb, K,) inf. n. رَجَلٌ (T, S, M, Msb) and رُجْلَةٌ, (T, TA,) or the latter is a simple subst., (Msb,) He (a man) went on foot, in a journey, by himself, [i. e.] having no beast whereon to ride; (T, TA;) he had no beast whereon to ride, (M, K, TA,) in a journey, so went on his feet: (TA:) or he remained going on foot: so says Az; and Ks says the like: (S:) or he was, or became, strong to walk, or go on foot: (Msb:) and ↓ ترجّل [in like manner] signifies he went on foot, (S, K, TA,) having alighted from his beast: (TA:) [used in the present day as meaning he alighted from his beast:] and ↓ ترجُلوا they alighted [upon their feet, or dismounted,] in war, or battle, to fight: and ↓ ارتجل he (a man) went on his legs, or feet, for the purpose of accomplishing the object of his want. (TA.) b2: رَجِلَ, (M, K,) aor. ـَ (K,) [inf. n. رَجَلٌ, being similar to رَكِبَ, aor. ـَ inf. n. رَكَبٌ,] also signifies He (a man) was, or became, large in the رِجْل [i. e. leg, or foot]. (M, K: but omitted in some copies of the K.) b3: And رُجِلَ, like عُنِىَ; and رَجِلَ, aor. ـَ inf. n. [of the former] رِجْلَةٌ and [of the latter]

رِجْلٌ; [so in the CK; but accord. to the rule of the K they should be رَجْلَةٌ and رَجْلٌ, as neither is expressly said to be with kesr; or the latter may be correctly رِجْلٌ, as رَجِلَ is said to be like عَلِمَ, of which the inf. n. is عِلْمٌ;] He had a complaint of his رِجْل [i. e. leg, or foot]: (CK; but omitted in other copies: both mentioned in the TA:) the latter verb is mentioned in this sense by El-Fárisee, and also on the authority of Kr. (TA.) b4: And رَجِلَ مِنْ رِجْلِهِ He was, or became, affected in his leg, or foot, by something that he disliked. (TA.) b5: And رَجِلَ, aor. ـَ (K, TA,) inf. n. رَجَلٌ, (TA,) He (a beast, such as a horse or the like,) had a whiteness in one of his رِجْلَانِ [i. e. hind legs or feet], (K, TA,) without a whiteness in any other part. (TA.) A2: رَجِلَ, aor. ـَ (Msb, K,) inf. n. رَجَلٌ, (Msb, TA,) is also said of hair, (Msb, K,) meaning It was, or became, [wavy, or somewhat curly, i. e.] of a quality between lankness and crispness or curliness, (K,) or neither very crisp or curly, nor very lank, but between these two. (Msb, TA.) A3: رَجَلَهُ, (CK, TA, omitted in some copies of the K,) [aor. ـُ as in similar verbs,] inf. n. رَجْلٌ, (TA,) He, or it, hit, or hurt, his رِجْلِ [i. e. leg, or foot]. (CK, TA.) b2: رَجَلَ الشَّاةَ, (S, K,) or, accord. to the O and the Mufradát, رَجَلَ الشَّاةَ بِرِجْلِهَا, (TA,) and ↓ ارتجلها, (K,) He suspended the sheep, or goat, by its hind leg or foot: (S, O, K:) or the meaning is عَقَلَهَا بِرِجْلَيْهِ [app. he confined its shank and arm together with his feet, by pressing his feet upon its folded fore legs while it was lying on the ground], (K,) or, as in the M, بِرجْلِهِ [with his foot]. (TA.) b3: رَجَلَتْ وَلَدَهَا, (K,) inf. n. رَجْلٌ; in the copies of the M written ↓ رَجَّلَتْ, with teshdeed; (TA;) She (a woman) brought forth her child preposterously, so that its legs came forth before its head. (K.) A4: رَجَلَهَا, namely, the mother of a young camel, (K,) aor. ـُ inf. n. رَجْلٌ, (TA,) He sent the young one with her [to suck her whenever he would; as is implied by what immediately precedes]; as also ↓ أَرْجَلَهَا: (K:) or الفَصِيلَ ↓ أَرْجَلْتُ (so in two copies of the S and in the O) I left the young camel with his mother to such her whenever he pleased: (S, * O: [in one of my copies of the S رَجَلْتُ, which appears from what here follows to be a mistake:]) so says ISk: and he cites as an ex., حَتَّى فُطِمَا ↓ مُسَرْهَدٌ أُرْجِلَ [Fat, and well nourished: he was left with his mother to such her when he pleased until he was weaned]. (O.) [See also رَجَلٌ, below; where it is explained as though a quasi-inf. n. of أَرْجَلْتُ in the sense here assigned to it in the S and O, or inf. n. of رَجَلْتُ in the same sense.] b2: And رَجَلَ

أُمَّهُ, (S, K,) aor. ـُ inf. n. رَجْلٌ, (S,) He (a young camel, S, or a lamb, or kid, or calf, K, TA) sucked his mother. (S, K.) b3: رَجَلٌ also signifies The act of [the stallion's] leaping the mare: (O, K, TA:) [i. e., as inf. n. of رَجَلَ; for] one says, بَاتَ الحِصَانُ يُرْجُلُ الخَيْلَ The stallion-horse passed the night leaping the mares. (TA; and so in the O, except that الخيل is there omitted.) b4: And رَجَلَ المَرْأَةَ He compressed the woman. (TA.) A5: [Golius says that رَجُلَ signifies Vir et virili animo fuit; as on the authority of J; and that رُجْلَةٌ is its inf. n.: but it seems that he found الرُّجْلَةُ incorrectly explained in a copy of the S as مَصْدَرُ رَجُلَ instead of مَصْدَرُ الرَّجُلِ: ISd expressly says that رُجْلَةٌ and its syns. (explained below) are of the number of those inf. ns. that have no verbs.]2 رَجَّلَتْ وَلَدَهَا [app. a mistranscription]: see 1, in the latter half of the paragraph.

A2: تَرْجِيلٌ [the inf. n.] signifies The making, or rendering, strong. (Ibn-'Abbád, K.) A3: رجّل الشَّعَرَ, (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) inf. n. تَرْجِيلٌ, (S, Msb, K,) He made the hair to be [wavy, or somewhat curly, i. e.] not very crisp or curly, nor lank, (S,) or in a state between that of lankness and that of crispness or curliness: (K:) or he combed the hair; (Msb, TA;) either his own hair, [see 5,] or that of another: (Msb:) or he combed down the hair; i. e., let it down, or made it to hang down, by means of the comb: (Mgh:) Er-Rághib says, as though he made it to descend at the رِجْل [or foot], i. e. from its places of growth; but this requires consideration: (MF:) or he combed and anointed the hair: (TA voce عَسِبٌ:) or he washed and combed the hair. (Ham p. 356.) 4 ارجلهُ He made him to go on foot; (S, K, TA;) to alight from his beast. (TA.) A2: and He granted him some delay, or respite; let him alone, or left him, for a while. (S, K.) b2: أَرْجَلْتُ الحِصَانَ فِى الخَيْلِ I sent-the stallion-horse among the mares. (TA.) b3: See also 1, in the latter half of the paragraph, in three places.5 تَرَجَّلَ see 1, first sentence, in two places. b2: ترجّل فِى البِئْرِ, (S, Msb, K,) and ترجّل البِئْرَ, (K,) He descended into the well (S, Msb, K) [by means of his feet, or legs, alone, i. e.,] without his being let down, or lowered, or suspended [by means of a rope]. (S, Msb.) b3: ترجّل الزَّنْدَ, and ↓ ارتجلهُ, [or, more probably, ارتجل الزَّنْدَةَ, and ترجّلها, (see مُرْتَجِلٌ,)] He put the زند [or the زندة; (the former meaning the upper, and the latter the lower, of the two pieces of wood used for producing fire,)] beneath his feet: (M, K:) or ↓ ارتجل signifies he (a man come from a distant country) struck fire, and held the زَنْد [here app. meaning (as in many other instances) the زند properly so called and the زندة] with his hands and his feet, [i. e. the زند with his hands and the زندة with his feet,] because he was alone. (TA. [See مُرْتَجِلٌ.]) A2: [ترجّل He became a رَجُل, or man; he rose to manhood. (See an explanation of ترجّل النَّهَارُ, in what follows.) And] ترجّلت She (a woman, TA) became like a رَجُل [or man] (K, TA) in some of her qualities, or states, or predicaments. (TA.) b2: ترجّل النَّهَارُ i. q. اِرْتَفَعَ (tropical:) [i. e. The day became advanced, the sun being somewhat high]; (S, IAth, O, K, TA;) it being likened to the rising of a man from youth; (IAth, TA;) and so النهار ↓ ارتجل: or, accord. to Er-Rághib, the former means the sun went down from [or below] the walls; as though it alighted (كَأَنَّهَا تَرَجَّلَتْ [in a proper sense of this verb: see 1, first sentence]). (TA.) A3: and ترجّل He combed his own hair: (Msb:) or he combed down his own hair; i. e., let it down, or made it to hang down, by means of the comb: (Mgh:) or he anointed [or washed] and combed his own hair. (TA. [See 2.]) Hence, نَهَى

عَنِ التَّرَجُّلِ إِلَّا غِبًّا (Mgh, TA) He [Mohammad] forbade the anointing and combing of one's own hair except it be less frequent than every day. (TA.) 8 ارتجل: see 1, first sentence. b2: Said of a horse, (in his running, TA,) He mixed the pace termed العَنَق with that termed الهَمْلَجَة, (T, TA,) or the former pace with somewhat of the latter, and thus, (S,) he went those two paces alternately, (S, K,) somewhat of the former and somewhat of the latter. (S.) A2: He took a man by his رِجْل [i. e. leg, or foot]. (S, TA.) b2: ارتجل الشَّاةَ: see 1, in the middle of the paragraph. b3: ارتجل الرَّنْدَ [or الزَّنْدَةَ], and ارتجل alone in a similar sense: see 5, in two places.

A3: [He extemporized a speech or verses; spoke it or them extemporaneously, impromptu, or without premeditation;] he began an oration (a خُطْبَة), and poetry, without his having prepared it beforehand; (S;) he spoke a speech (Msb, K) without consideration or thought, (Msb,) or without his having prepared it; (K;) he recited it, or related it, standing, without forecast, consideration, thought, or meditation; so accord. to Er-Rághib [who seems to have held this to be the primary signification of the verb when relating to a speech or the like]; or without reiteration, and without pausing, halting, or hesitating. (TA.) and ارتجل الشَّىْءَ [He did, performed, or produced, the thing without premeditation, or previous preparation]. (TA in art. خرع.) [And ارتجل اسْمًا He coined a name.] b2: ارتجل بِرَأْيِهِ He was, or became, alone, or independent of others, with none to take part or share or participate with him, in his opinion, (Msb, K, TA,) without consulting any one respecting it, (Msb, TA,) and kept constantly, or perseveringly, to it. (Msb.) [Hence,] أَمْرُكَ مَا ارْتَجَلْتَ Thine affair [to which thou shouldst keep] is that respecting which thou art alone [&c.] in thine opinion. (K.) and اِرْتَجِلْ مَا ارْتَجَلْتَ مِنَ الأَمْرِ is explained in the T as meaning اِرْكَبْ مَا رَكِبْتَ مِنْهُ [i. e. Undertake thou what thou hast undertaken of the affair: but it may rather signify keep thou to what thou hast undertaken of the affair; agreeably with what here follows]. (TA.) One says also, ↓ اِرْتَجِلْ رَجْلَكَ Keep thou to thine affair: (IAar, M, K, TA:) in [some of] the copies of the K, erroneously, رَجَلَكَ. (TA.) A4: He collected a detached number (قِطْعَة [or رِجْل]) of locusts, to roast, or fry, them. (S.) A5: He set up a مِرْجَل [q. v.], to cook food in it: (T, TA:) or he cooked food in a مِرْجَل. (K.) A6: ارتجل النَّهَارُ: see 5.10 استرجل He desired, or requested, to be, or to go, on foot. (KL.) رَجْلٌ: see رَجُلٌ: b2: and رَاجِلٌ; the latter in two places.

A2: See also رَجِلٌ, in two places.

A3: اِرْتَجِلْ رَجْلَكَ, in some of the copies of the K, erroneously, رَجَلَكَ: see 8, near the end of the paragraph.

رِجْلٌ [The leg of a human being and of a bird, and the kind leg of a quadruped; in each of these senses opposed to يَدٌ;] the part from the root of the thigh to the [sole of] the foot of a man [and of any animal]; (Mgh, Msb, K:) رِجْلُ الإِنْسَانِ meaning that [limb] with which the man walks: (Msb:) or the foot of a man [and of a bird, and the kind foot of a quadruped: or rather it signifies thus in many instances; but generally as before explained: and sometimes, by a synecdoche, it is used in a yet larger sense, as will be explained below]: (K:) of the fem. gender: (Zj, Msb, TA:) pl. أَرْجُلٌ: (S, Msb, K, &c.:) it has no other pl. (Msb, TA) known to Sb; (TA;) the pl. of pauc. being also used as a pl. of mult. in this instance. (IJ, TA.) [Hence,] الرِّجْلُ جُبَارٌ [The hind leg or foot, or it may here mean the leg or foot absolutely, is a thing of which no account, or for which no retaliation or mulct, is taken]: i. e., if a beast tread upon a man with its رِجْل, there is no retaliation or mulct, if in motion; but if the beast be standing still in the road, or way, the rider is responsible, whether it strike with a يَد or a رِجْل. (TA.) And هُوَ قَائِمٌ عَلَى رِجْلٍ [lit. He is standing upon a single leg; meaning] (assumed tropical:) he is setting about, or betaking himself to, an affair that presses severely, or heavily, upon him, or that straitens him. (T, K, TA. [In the CK, حَزَنَهُ is erroneously put for حَزَبَهُ.]) And أَنَا عَلَى رِجْلٍ (assumed tropical:) I am in fear, or fright, lest a thing should escape me. (TA.) b2: ذُو الرِّجْلِ [as though meaning The onelegged;] a certain idol, of El-Hijáz. (TA.) b3: رِجْلُ الجَبَّارِ (assumed tropical:) The very bright star [3, called by our astronomers “ Rigel,” and also called by the Arabs رِجْلُ الجَوْزَآءِ اليُسْرَى,] upon the left foot of Orion. (Kzw.) [And رِجْلُ الجَوْزَآءِ اليُمْنَى (assumed tropical:) The star k upon the right leg of Orion.] b4: رِجْلُ الغُرَابِ (assumed tropical:) A certain plant, (K,) called also رِجْلُ الرَّاغِ, the root, or lower part, of which, when cooked, is good for chronic diarrhœa; mentioned in art. غرب [q. v.]. (TA.) Also A certain mode of binding the udder of a camel, so that the young one cannot suck, therewith, nor will it undo: (S, K:) whence the phrase صَرَّ رِجْلَ الغُرَابِ, for صَرَّ صَرًّا مِثْلَ صَرِّرِجْلِ الغُرَابِ. (TA.) El-Kumeyt says, صَرَّ رِجْلَ الغُرَابِ مُلْكُكَ فِى النَّا سِ عَلَى مَنْ أَرَادَ فِيهِ الفُجُورَا (assumed tropical:) [Thy dominion among the people has bound with a bond not to be undone him who desires, within the scope of it, transgression]: (S, TA:) i. e. thy dominion has become firm so that it cannot be undone; like as what is termed رجل الغراب cannot be undone by the young camel. (TA.) And one says, صُرَّ عَلَيْهِ رِجْلُ الغُرَابِ, meaning (tropical:) The affair was, or became, difficult to him: (K and TA in art. غرب:) or his life, or subsistence, was, or became, difficult to him. (TA in that art.) b5: رِجْلُ الجَرَادِ (assumed tropical:) A certain plant, like البَقْلَةُ اليَمَانِيَّةُ [see art. بقل: accord. to Golius, the former appellation is applied to a species of atriplex, or orache]. (IAar, K.) b6: [And several other plants have similar appellations in the present day.] b7: رِجْلُ الطَّائِرِ (assumed tropical:) A certain مِيسَم [i. e. branding-instrument, or brand]. (S, K.) b8: رِجْلُ البَابِ (assumed tropical:) The foot, or heel, of the door, upon which it turns in a socket in the threshold. (MA.) b9: رِجْلُ القَوْسِ (assumed tropical:) The lower curved extremity of the bow; (Kh, S, K;) the upper curved extremity being called its يَد: (Kh, S:) or the part below its كَبِد [q. v.]: accord. to AHn, it is more complete, or perfect, than its يد: accord. to IAar, أَرْجُلُ القَوْسِ means, when the string is bound, or braced, the upper parts of the bow; and أَيْدِيهَا, its lower parts; and the former are stronger than the latter: and he cites the saying, لَيْتَ القِسىَّ كُلُّهَا مِنْ أَرْجُلِ [Would that the bows were all of them, or wholly, of what are termed أَرْجُل]: the two extremities of the bow, he says, are called its ظُفْرَانِ; and its two notches, its فُرْضَتَانِ; and its curved ends, its سِئَتَانش; and after the سئتان are the طَائِفَانِ; and after the طائفان, the أَبْهَرَانِ; and the portion between the ابهران is its كَبِد; this being between the two knots of the suspensory. (TA.) b10: رِجْلَا السَّهْمِ (assumed tropical:) The two extremities of the arrow. (K, * TA. [In the former it is implied that the phrase is رِجْلُ السَّهْمِ.]) b11: رِجْلُ بَحْرٍ (tropical:) A canal (خليج) of a بحر [or large river]. (Kr, K, TA.) b12: رِجْلٌ also signifies (tropical:) A part, or portion, of a thing: (K, TA:) of the fem. gender. (TA.) It is said in a trad. of 'Áïsheh, أَهْدَى لَنَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ رِجْلَ شَاةٍ مَشْوِيَّةٍ فَقَسَمْتُهَا إِلَّا كَتِفِهَا, meaning (tropical:) [Aboo-Bekr gave to us] the half of a roasted sheep, or goat, divided lengthwise [and I divided it into shares, except its shoulder-blade, or its shoulder]: she called the half thus by a synecdoche: (IAth, O, TA:) or she meant the leg (رجْل) thereof, with what was next to it [for مما يَلِيهَا in the O and TA, I read بِمَا يَلِيهَا] of the lateral half: or she thus alluded to the whole thereof, like as one does by the term رَأْس. (O, TA. [But see what here next follows.]) And in another trad., the رِجْل of a [wild] ass is mentioned as a gift, meaning (tropical:) One of the two lateral halves: or, as some say, the thigh: (TA:) and it is explained as meaning the whole; but this is a mistake. (Mgh.) b13: Also (assumed tropical:) The half of a رَاوِيَة [or pair of leathern bags, such as are borne by a camel, one on each side,] of wine, and of olive-oil. (AHn, K.) b14: It is also applied by some to (assumed tropical:) A pair of trousers or drawers; and رِجْلُ سَرَاوِيلَ occurs in this sense in a trad., for رِجْلَا سَرَاوِيلَ; like زَوْجُ خُفٍّ and زَوْجُ نَعْلٍ, whereas each is properly زَوْجَانِ; for the سراويل are of the articles of clothing for the two legs: (IAth, TA:) this is what is meant by the saying in the K [and in the O likewise] that الرِّجْلُ also signifies السَّرَاوِيلُ [app. for مِنَ السَّرَاوِيلِ الطَّاقُ]. (TA.) b15: Also (assumed tropical:) A swarm, or numerous assemblage, of locusts: (S:) or a detached number (قِطْعَةٌ) thereof: (K:) [or] one says [or says also] رِجْلُ جَرَادٍ, (S, TA,) and رِجْلٌ مِنْ جَرَادٍ: it is masc. and fem.: (TA:) a pl. without a proper sing.; like عَانَةٌ (a herd of [wild] asses, S) and خِيطٌ (a flock of ostriches, S) and صُِوَارٌ (a herd of [wild] bulls or cows, S): (S, K:) pl. أَرْجَالٌ; (K:) and so in the next two senses here following. (TA.) b16: And hence, as being likened thereto, (TA,) (assumed tropical:) An army: (K:) or a numerous army. (TA.) b17: Also (assumed tropical:) A share in a thing. (IAar, K.) So in the saying, لِى فِى

مَالِكَ رِجْلٌ (assumed tropical:) [To me belongs a share in thy property]. (TA.) b18: And (tropical:) A time. (TA.) One says, كَانَ ذٰلِكَ عَلِى رِجْلِ فُلَانٍ (tropical:) That was in the time of such a one; (S, K, TA;) in his life-time: (K, TA:) like the phrase على رَأْسِ فُلَانٍ. (TA.) b19: Also (assumed tropical:) Precedence. (Abu-l- Mekárim, K.) When the files of camels are collected together, an owner, or attendant, of camels says, لِىَ الرِّجْلُ, i. e. (assumed tropical:) [The precedence belongs to me; or] I precede: and another says, لَا بَلِ الرِّجْلُ لِى (assumed tropical:) [Nay, but the precedence belongs to me]: and they contend together for it, each unwilling to yield it to the other: (Abu-l-Mekárim, TA:) pl. أَرْجَالٌ: (K:) and so in the senses here following. (TA.) b20: And (assumed tropical:) Distress; straitness of the means of subsistence or of the conveniences of life; a state of pressing want; misfortune; or calamity; and poverty. (O, K.) A2: Also A man who sleeps much: (O, K:) fem. with ة. (TA.) b2: And A man such as is termed قَاذُورَةٌ [which means foul in language; evil in disposition: one who cares not what he does or says: very jealous: one who does not mix, or associate as a friend, with others, because of the evilness of his disposition, nor alight with them: &c.: see art. قذر]. (O, K.) A3: Also Blank paper; (O, K, * TA;) without writing. (TA.) رَجَلٌ: see رَاجِلُ, first sentence: A2: and see also رَجِلٌ, in two places.

A3: [It is also explained as here follows, as though a quasi-inf. n. of 4 in a sense mentioned in the first paragraph on the authority of the S and O, or inf. n. of رَجَلَ in the same sense; thus:] The sending, (S, O,) or leaving, (K, TA,) a lamb or kid or calf, (S, O, TA,) or a young camel, (K, TA,) and a colt, (TA,) with its mother, to such her whenever it pleases: (S, O, K:) [but I rather think that this is a loose explanation of the meaning implied by رَجَلٌ used as an epithet; for it is added in the S and O immediately, and in the K shortly after, that] one says بَهْمَةٌ رَجَلٌ (S, O, K) and ↓ رَجِلٌ (K) [meaning, as indicated in the S and O, A lamb, or hid, or calf, sent with its mother to such her whenever it pleases, or, as indicated in the K, sucking, or that sucks, its mother]: pl. أَرْجَالٌ. (S, O, K.) b2: Also A horse [i. e. a stallion] sent upon the خَيْل [meaning mares, to leap them]: (K:) and in like manner one says خَيْلٌ رَجَلٌ, [using it as a pl., app. meaning horses so sent,] (K accord. to the TA,) or ↓ خَيْلٌ رَجِلَةٌ. (CK, and so in my MS. copy of the K: [perhaps it should be رَجَلَةٌ.]) رَجُلٌ (S, O, Mgh, Msb, K &c.) and ↓ رَجْلٌ, (O, K,) the latter a dial. var., (O,) or, accord. to Sb and El-Fárisee, a quasi-pl. n., [but app. of رَاجِلٌ, not of رَجُلٌ,] called by Abu-l-Hasan a pl., (TA,) A man, as meaning the male of the human species; (Msb;) the opposite of اِمْرَأَةٌ: (S, O, Mgh:) applied only to one who has attained to puberty and manhood: (K, * TA:) or as soon as he is born, (K, TA,) and afterwards also: (TA:) pl. رِجَالٌ, (S, Mgh, Msb, K, &c.,) [applied in the Kur lxxii. 6 to men and to jinn (or genii), like نَاسٌ and أُنَاسٌ, and likewise a pl. of رَاجِلٌ, and of its syn. رَجْلَانُ,] and رجَالَاتٌ, (S, K,) said by some to be a pl. pl., (TA,) and ↓ رَجْلَةٌ, (Sb, Msb, K, TA, in the CK رِجْلَةٌ, [which is a mistake, as is shown by what follows,]) of the measure فَعْلَةٌ, with fet-h to the ف, (Msb,) [but this is, properly speaking, a quasi-pl. n.,] said to be the only instance of its kind except كَمْأَةٌ, which, however, some say is a n. un. like others of the same form belonging to [coll.] gen. ns., (Msb,) used as a pl. of pauc. instead of أَرْجَالٌ, (Sb, Ibn-Es-Serráj, Msb, TA,) because they assigned to رَجُلٌ no pl. of pauc., (Sb, TA,) not saying أَرْجَالٌ (TA) [nor رِجْلَةٌ], and ↓ رَجِلَةٌ, mentioned by Az as another pl., but this [also] is a quasi-pl. n., and of it Abu-l-' Abbás holds ↓ رَجْلَةٌ to be a contraction, (TA,) and رِجَلَةٌ (Ks, K) and أَرَاجِلُ (Ks, S, K) and [another quasi-pl. n. is] ↓ مَرْجَلٌ. (IJ, K.) شَهِيدَيْنِ مِنْ رِجَالِكُمْ, in the Kur [ii. 282], means [Two witnesses] of the people of your religion. (TA.) [رَجُلٌ also signifies A woman's husband: and the dual] رَجُلَانِ [sometimes] means A man and his wife; predominance being thus attributed to the former. (IAar, TA.) And ↓ رَجُلَةٌ signifies A woman: (S, K:) or, accord. to Er-Rághib, a woman who is, or affects to be, or makes herself, like a man in some of her qualities, or states, or predicaments. (TA.) It is said of 'Áïsheh, (S, TA,) in a trad., which confirms this latter explanation, (TA,) كَانَتْ الرَّأْىِ, ↓ رَجُلَةَ, (S, TA,) meaning She was like a man in judgment. (TA. [See also مَرْجَلَانِيَّةٌ.]) The dim. of رَجُلٌ is ↓ رُجَيْلٌ and ↓ رُوَيْجِلٌ: (S, K:) the former reg.: (TA:) the latter irreg., as though it were dim. of رَاجِلٌ: (S, TA:) [but it seems that رُوَيْجِلٌ is properly the dim. of رَاجِلٌ, though used as that of رَجُلٌ.] One says, هُوَ رَجُلُ وَحْدِهِ [He is a man unequalled, or that has no second], (IAar, L in art. وحد,) and وَحْدِهِ ↓ رُجَيْلُ [A little man (probably meaning the contrary) unequalled, &c.]. (S and L in that art.) and it is said in a trad., إِنْ صَدَقَ ↓ أَفْلَحَ الرُّوَيْجِلُ [The little man prospers if he speak truth] (TA.) b2: Also One much given to coition: (Az, O, K:) used in this sense by the Arabs of ElYemen: and some of the Arabs term such a one عُصْفُورِىٌّ. (O, TA.) b3: And i. q. رَاجِلٌ, q. v. (Mgh, Msb, K.) b4: And Perfect, or complete [in respect of bodily vigour or the like]: ('Eyn, O, K, TA: [in the CK, والرّاجِلُ الكَامِلُ is erroneously put for والراَجل والكامل:]) or strong and perfect or complete: sometimes it has this meaning, as an epithet: and when thus used, Sb allows its being in the gen. case in the phrase, مَرَرْتُ بِرَجُلٍ رَجُلٍ أَبُوهُ [I passed by a man whose father is strong &c.]; though the nom. case is more common: he says, also, that when you say, هُوَ الرَّجُلُ, you may mean that he is perfect or complete, or you may mean any man that speaks and that walks upon two legs. (M, TA.) A2: [In the CK, شَعَرٌ رَجُلٌ is erroneously put for شَعَرٌ رَجْلٌ: and, in the same, رَجُلُ الشَّعَرِ, as syn. with رَجِلُ الشَّعَرِ, is app. a mistake for رَجْلُ الشَّعَرِ; but it is mentioned in this sense by 'Iyád:] see the paragraph here following.

رَجِلٌ; and its fem., with ة: see رَاجِلٌ.

A2: شَعَرٌ رَجِلٌ (ISk, S, Msb, K) and ↓ رَجَلٌ (ISk, S, K) and ↓ رَجْلٌ, (Msb, K, [in the CK, erroneously, رَجُلٌ,]) Hair [that is wavy, or somewhat curly, i. e.] of a quality between [بَيْنَ, for which بَيِّنُ is erroneously put in the CK,] lankness and crispness or curliness, (K,) or not very crisp or curly, nor lank, (ISk, S,) or neither very crisp or curly, nor very lank, but between these two. (Msb, TA.) b2: And رَجِلُ الشَّعَرِ and ↓ رَجَلُهُ (ISd, Sgh, K) and ↓ رَجْلُهُ (ISd, K, TA, but accord. to the CK as next follows,] and ↓ رَجُلُهُ, with damm to the ج, added by 'Iyád, in the Meshárik, (MF, TA,) A man having hair such as is described above: pl. أَرْجَالٌ and رَجَالَى; (M, K;) the former, most probably, accord. to analogy, pl. of رَجْلٌ; but both may be pls. of رَجِلٌ and رَجَلٌ: accord. to Sb, however, رَجَلٌ has no broken pl., its pl. being only رَجَلُونَ. (M, TA.) A3: See also رَجَلٌ, in two places.

رَجْلَةٌ: see رَجُلٌ, first sentence, in two places: b2: and رَاجِلٌ.

A2: See also the next paragraph.

رُجْلَةٌ The going on foot; (T, S, * M, TA;) the act of the man who has no beast [to carry him]; (T, TA;) an inf. n. (T, S, TA) of رَجِلَ: (T, TA: [see 1, first sentence:]) or it signifies strength to walk, or go on foot; (Msb, K;) and is a simple subst.: (Msb:) and also excellence of a دَابَّة [meaning horse or ass or mule] and of a camel in endurance of long journeying; in which sense [Az says] I have not heard any verb belonging to it except [by implication] in the epithets رَجِيلَةٌ, applied to a she-camel, and رَجِيلٌ, applied to an ass and to a man: (T, TA:) and (M) ↓ رِجْلَةٌ, with kesr, signifies vehemence, or strength, of walking or going on foot; (M, K;) as also ↓ رَجْلَةٌ. (K. [In the K is then added, “or with damm, strength to walk, or go on foot; ” but it seems evident that we should read “ and with damm,”

&c., agreeably with the passage in the M, in which the order of the two clauses is the reverse of their order in the K.]) One says, حَمَلَكَ اللّٰهُ عَنِ الرُّجْلَةِ and مِنَ الرُّجْلَةِ, i. e. [May God give thee a beast to ride upon, and so relieve thee from going on foot, or] from the act of the man who has no beast. (T, TA.) And هُوَ ذُو رُجْلَةٍ He has strength to walk, or go on foot. (Msb.) b2: And The state, or condition, of being a رَجُل [or man, or male human being; generally meaning manhood, or manliness, or manfulness]; (S, K;) as also ↓ رُجُولَةٌ (Ks, S, TA) and ↓ رُجُولِيَّةٌ (IAar, S, K) and ↓ رَجُولِيَّةٌ (Ks, T, K) and ↓ رُجْلِيَّةٌ; (K) of the class of inf. ns. that have no verbs belonging to them. (ISd, TA.) A2: And The having a complaint of the رِجْل [i. e. leg, or foot]. (TA.) b2: And in a horse, (S,) or beast, (دَابَّة, K,) A whiteness, (K,) or the having a whiteness, (S,) in one of the رِجْلَانِ [i. e. hind legs or feet], (S, K,) without a whiteness in any other part; (TA;) as also ↓ تَرُجِيلٌ (K.) This is disliked, unless there be in him some other [similar] وَضَح. (S.) رِجْلَةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph, first sentence.

A2: [Also, accord. to the K, a pl. of رَاجلٌ or of one of its syns.]

A3: And A herd, or detached number collected together, of wild animals. (IB, TA.) A4: And A place in which grow [plants, or trees, of the kind called] عَرْفَج, (K,) accord. to Az, in which grow many thereof, (TA,) in one رَوْضَة [or meadow]. (K.) b2: and A water-course, or channel in which water flows, (S, K,) from a [stony tract such as is called] حَرَّة to a soft, or plain, tract: (K:) pl. رِجَلٌ; (S, K;) a term similar to مَذَانِبُ [pl. of مِذْنَبٌ]: so says Er-Rághib: the waters (he says) pour to it, and it retains them: and on one occasion he says, the رِجْلَة is like the قَرِيّ; it is wide, and people alight in it: he says also, it is a water-course of a plain, or soft, tract, such as is ملباث, or, as in one copy, مِنْبَات [which is app. the right reading, meaning productive of much herbage]. (TA.) A5: الرِجْلَةُ also signifies A species of the [kind of plants called] حَيْض. (K.) b2: And, accord. to [some of] the copies of the K [in this place], The عَرْفَج; but correctly the فَرْفَخ [as in the CK here, and in the K &c. in art. فرفخ]; (TA;) i. q. البَقْلَةُ الحَمُقَآءُ; (S, Msb, TA;) thus the people commonly called it; i. e. البقلةالحمقآء; (TA;) [all of these three appellations being applied to Purslane, or purslain; and generally to the garden purslane:] it is [said to be] called الحمقآء because it grows not save in a water-course: (S: [i. e. the wild sort: but see art. حمق:]) whence the saying, أَحْمَقُ مِنْ رِجْلَةٍ [explained in art. حمق], (S, K,) meaning this بَقْلَة: (TA:) the vulgar say, مِنْ رِجْلِهِ. (S, K, TA. [In the CK, erroneously, من رَجْلَةٍ.]) رَجُلَةٌ: see رَجُلٌ in two places.

رَجِلَةٌ a quasi-pl. n. of رَجُلٌ q. v. (TA.) A2: [Also fem. of the epithet رَجِلٌ.]

رجْلَي fem. of رَجْلَانُ: see رَاجِلٌ near the end of the paragraph. b2: حَرَّةٌ رَجْلَي and ↓ رَجْلَآءُ A [stony tract such as is called] حَرَّة that is rough [or rugged], in which one goes on foot: or level, but abounding with stones: (K:) or rough and difficult, in which one cannot go except on foot: (TA:) or the latter signifies level, but abounding with stones, in which it is difficult to go along: (S:) or hard and rough, which horses and camels cannot traverse, and none can but a man on foot: (AHeyth, TA:) or that impedes the feet by its difficulty. (Er-Rághib, TA.) A2: رَجْلَي is also a pl. of رَجْلَانُ: (S:) [and app. of رَجِيلٌ also.]

رَجْلَآءُ fem. of أَرْجَلُ [q. v.]. b2: See also the next preceding paragraph.

رَجَلِيٌّ sing. of رَجَلِيُّونَ, which latter is applied, with the article ال to Certain men who used to run (كَانُوا يَعْدُونَ, so in the O and K, but in the T يَغْزُونَ [which is evidently a mistranscription], TA) upon their feet; as also ↓ رُجَيْلَآءُ, in like manner with the article ال: (O, K, TA:) in the T, the sing. is written رَجْلِيٌّ; and said to be a rel. n. from الرُّجْلَةُ; which requires consideration: (TA:) they were Suleyk El-Makánib, (O, K, TA,) i. e. Ibn-Sulakeh, (TA,) and El-Munteshir Ibn-Wahb El-Báhilee, and Owfà Ibn-Matar ElMázinee. (O, K, TA. [All these were famous runners.]) رُجْلِيَّةٌ: see رُجْلَةٌ.

رَجْلَانُ; and its fem., رَجْلَي: see رَاجِلٌ.

رُجَالٌ [a quasi-pl. n.] : see رَاجِلٌ.

رَجِيلٌ: see رَاجِلٌ, in two places. b2: Also i. q. مَشَّآءٌ; and so ↓ رَاجِلٌ; (K;) i. e. (TA) [That walks, or goes on foot, much; or a good goer; or] strong to walk, or go, or go on foot; (S, in explanation of the latter, and TA;) applied to a man, (S, K, TA,) and to a camel, and an ass: (TA:) or the latter, a man that walks, or goes on foot, much and well: and strong to do so,. with patient endurance: and a beast, such as a horse or an ass or a mule, and a camel, that endures long journeying with patience: fem. with ة: (T, TA:) or, applied to a horse, that does not become attenuated, or chafed, abraded, or worn, in the hoofs [by journeying] : (S, O:) or, so applied, that does not sweat: and rendered submissive, or manageable; broken, or trained: (K, * TA:) the fem., with ة is also applied to a woman, as meaning strong to walk, or go on foot: (TA:) pl. رَجْلَي [most probably of رَجِيلٌ, agreeably with analogy,] and رَجَالَي. (K.) b3: Also A place of which the two extremities are far apart: (M, K, * TA:) in the copies of the K, الطَّرِيقَيْنِ is here erroneously put for الطَّرَفَيْنِ: and the M adds, trodden, or rendered even, or easy to be travelled: (TA:) or rugged and hard land or ground: (O, TA:) and a hard place: and a rugged, difficult, road, in a mountain. (TA.) A2: Also, applied to speech, i. q. ↓ مُرْتَجَلٌ [i. e. Extemporized; spoken extemporaneously, impromptu, or without premeditation]. (O, K, TA.) رُجَيْلٌ dim. of رَجُلٌ, which see, in two places.

رُجُولَةٌ: see رُجْلَةٌ.

رَجُولِيَّةٌ: see رُجْلَةٌ.

رُجُولِيَّةٌ: see رُجْلَةٌ.

رُجَيْلَآءُ: see رَجَلِيٌّ b2: وَلَدَتْهَا الرُّجَيْلَآءَ They (sheep or goats) brought them forth [i. e. their young ones] one after another. (El-Umawee, T, S, O, K.) رَجَّالٌ i. q. رَاجِلٌ, q. v. (Az, TA.) رَجَّالَةٌ: quasi-pl. ns. of رَاجِلٌ, q. v.

رُجَّالَي: quasi-pl. ns. of رَاجِلٌ, q. v.

رَاجِلٌ (S, Mgh, Msb, K, &c.) and ↓ رَجُلٌ, (Mgh, Msb, K,) the latter of the dial. of El-Hijáz, (MF,) in copies of the M written ↓ رَجَلٌ, (TA,) and ↓ رَجِلٌ (S, K) and ↓ رَجِيلٌ [afterwards mentioned as a quasi-pl. n.] (K) and ↓ رَجْلَانُ (S, K) and ↓ رَجْلٌ, (K,) but this last is said by Sb to be a quasi-pl. n., (TA,) Going, or a goer, on foot; a pedestrian; a footman; the opposite of فَارِسٌ; (S, Msb;) one having no beast whereon to ride, (K, TA,) in a journey, and therefore going on his feet: (TA:) see also رَجِيلٌ : pl. ↓ رَجَّالَةٌ, (Ks, T, S, M, Msb, K,) [or rather this is a quasi-pl. n.,] written by MF رِجَالَةٌ, as on the authority of AHei, but the former is the right, (TA,) and رُجَّالٌ (Ks, T, S, M, Msb, K) and ↓ رَجْلٌ, (S, Msb, TA,) this last mentioned before as being said by Sb to be a quasi-pl. n., (TA,) like صَحْبٌ (S, Msb, TA) and رَكْبٌ, and occurring in the Kur xvii. 66, (TA,) all of رَاجِلٌ, (S, Msb,) and رِجَالٌ, (S, M, K,) of رَجْلَانُ (S) and of رَاجِلٌ, (TA,) [but more commonly of رَجُلٌ, q. v.,] and رَجْلَي, (S, O, K,) of رَجْلَانُ, (S, O,) and رَجَالَي, (S, M, K,) of رَجِلٌ, (S,) or of رَجْلَانُ, (TA,) and رُجَالَي and رُجْلَانٌ, (M, K,) which last is of رَاجِلٌ or of رَجِيلٌ, (TA,) and رِجْلَةٌ [a pl. of pauc.], (M, K,) written by MF رَجَلَةٌ, and if so, of رَاجِلٌ, like as كَتَبَةٌ is pl. of كَاتِبٌ, (TA,) and ↓ رَجْلَةٌ, (T, M, K,) [but this is a quasi-pl. n., mentioned before as of رَجُلٌ, q. v.,] and أَرْجِلَةٌ, (M, K,) which may be pl. of رِجَالٌ, which is pl. of رَاجِلٌ, (IJ,) and أَرَاجِلُ, (M, K,) which may be pl. of the pl. أَرْجِلَةٌ, (IJ,) and أَرَاجِيلُ, (M, K,) and to the foregoing pls. mentioned in the K are to be added (TA) رِجَلَةٌ, (Ks, M, TA) which is of رَجُلٌ, (TA,) and رُجَّلٌ, like سُكَّرٌ, (AHei, TA,) and [the quasi-pl. ns.]

↓ رُجَّالَي, (Ks, T, M, AHei, TA,) termed by MF an anomalous pl., (TA,) and ↓ رُجَالٌ, (AHei, TA,) said by MF to be extr., of the class of رُخَالٌ, (TA,) and ↓ رَجِيلٌ, (AHei, TA,) said to be a quasi-pl. n. like مَعِيزٌ and كَلِيبٌ. (TA.) Az says, I have heard some of them say ↓ رَجَّالٌ as meaning رَاجِلٌ; and its pl. is رَجَاجِيلُ. (TA.) And رَاجِلَةٌ and ↓ رَجِلَةٌ are applied in the same sense to a woman, (Lth, TA,) and so is ↓ رَجْلَي [fem. of رَجْلَانُ, like غَضْبَي fem. of غَضْبَانُ]: (S:) and the pl. [of the first] is رَوَاجِلُ (TA) and ([of the first or second or] of the third, S) رِجَالٌ (Lth, S, TA) and رَجَالَي. (S.) b2: Lh mentions the saying, لَا تَفْعَلْ كَذَا أُمُّكَ رَاجِلٌ, but does not explain it: it seems to mean [Do not thus:] may thy mother mourn, and be bereft of thee. (TA.) A2: نَاقَةٌ رَاجِلٌ عَلَى وَلَدِهَا means A she-camel [left to give suck to her young one,] not having her udder bound with the صِرَار [q. v.]. (K.) رَاجِلَةٌ The pastor's كَبْش [or ram] upon which he conveys, or puts to be borne, his utensils. (AA, O, K.) So in the saying of a poet, فَظَلَّ يَعْمِتُ فِى قَوْطٍ وَرَاجِلَةٍ

يُكَفِّتُ الدَّهْرَ إِلَّا رَيْثَ يَهْتَبِدُ (AA, TA,) meaning [And he passed the day] spinning from a portion of wool [wound in the form of a ring upon his hand], termed عَمِيتَه, [amid a flock of sheep, with a ram upon which he conveyed his utensils,] ever collecting [to himself], and coveting, or labouring to acquire, save when he was sitting cooking هَبِيد [i. e. colocynths or their seeds or pulp]. (T and TA in art. عمت: where راجلة is likewise explained as above.) رُوَيْجِلٌ: see رَجُلٌ, in two places.

أَرْجَلُ A man large in the رِجْل [i. e. leg, or foot]: (S, K:) like أَرْكَبُ “ large in the knee,” and أَرْأَسُ “ large in the head. ” (TA.) b2: And A horse, (S,) or beast, (دَابَّة, K,) having a whiteness in one of his رِجْلَانِ [i. e. hind legs or feet], (S, K,) without a whiteness in any other part. (TA.) This is disliked, unless there be in him some other [similar] وَضَح. (S. [See also 2 in art. خدم.]) The fem. is رَجْلَآءُ, (S, K,) which is applied in like manner to a sheep or goat: (S:) or to a ewe as meaning whose رِجْلَانِ [or hind legs] are white to the flanks, (M, TA,) or with the flanks, (T, TA,) the rest of her being black. (TA.) b3: حَرَّةٌ رَجْلَآءُ: see رَجْلَى.

A2: هُوَ أَرْجَلُ الرَّجُلَيْنِ means [He is the more manly, or manful, of the two men; or] he has رُجْلِيَّة that is not in the other [of the two men]: (T, TA:) or he is the stronger of the two men. (K.) ISd thinks ارجل in this case to be like أَحْنَكُ, as having no verb. (TA.) أَرَاجِيلُ app. a pl. of أَرْجِلَةٌ, which may be pl. of رِجَالٌ, which is pl. of رَاجِلٌ [q. v.] (TA.) b2: Also Men accustomed to, or in the habit of, taking, capturing, catching, snaring, or trapping, game or wild animals or the like, or birds, or fish; hunters, fowlers, or fishermen. (Sgh, K.) تَرْجِيلٌ: see رُجْلَةٌ, last signification.

تَرَاجِيلُ i. q. كَرَفْسٌ [q. v., i. e. The herb smallage]; (K;) of the dial. of the Sawád; one of the herbs, or leguminous plants, of the gardens. (TA.).

مَرْجَلٌ: see رَجُلٌ, of which it is a quasi-pl. n. : A2: and مِرْجَلٌ.

مُرجِلٌ A woman that brings forth men-children; (M, TA;) i. q. مُذْكِرٌ, (M, K, TA,) which is the epithet commonly known. (M, TA.) مِرْجَلٌ A copper cooking-pot: (S, Mgh, Msb:) or a large copper cooking-pot: (Ham p. 469:) or a cooking-pot of stones [or stone], and of copper: (K:) or any cooking-pot (Mgh, Msb, TA, and Ham ubi suprà) or vessel in which one cooks: (TA:) of the masc. gender: (K:) pl. مَرَاجِلُ. (Ham ubi suprà.) b2: And A comb. (Mgh, K.) b3: Also, and ↓ مَرْجَلٌ, (K,) the latter on the authority of IAar alone, (TA,) A sort of [garment of the kind called] بُرْد, of the fabric of El-Yemen: (K:) pl. as above, مَرَاجِلُ; with which مَرَاحِل, occurring in a trad., is said in the T, in art. رحل, to be syn.: [and ↓ بُرْدٌ مِرْجَلِىٌّ signifies the same as مِرْجَلٌ:] it is said in a prov., حَدِيثًا كَانَ بُرْدُكَ مِرْجَلِيَّا [Recently thy بُرْد was of the sort called مِرْجَلِىّ;] i. e. thou hast only recently been clad with the مَرَاجِل, and usedst to wear the عَبَآء: [whence it appears that the مِرْجَل may be thus called because worn only by full-grown men:] so says IAar: it is said in the M that ثَوْبٌ مِرْجَلِىٌّ is from الممرجل [i. e. المُمَرْجَلُ, perhaps a mistranscription for المَرْجَلُ]: (TA:) [but] ↓ مُمَرْجَلٌ signifies a sort of garments, or cloths, variegated, or figured; (S and K in art. مرجل;) similar to the مَرَاجِل, or similar to these in their variegation or decoration, or their figured forms; as explained by Seer and others; (TA in that art.;) [wherefore] Sb holds the م of مَرَاجِلُ to be an essential part of the word; (S in that art.;) and hence Seer and the generality of authors also say that it is a radical, though Abu-l-'Alà and some others hold it to be augmentative. (MF and TA in that art.) مِرْجَلِىٌّ A maker of cooking-pots [such as are called مَرَاجِلَ, pl. of مِرْجَلٌ]. (MA.) b2: See also the next preceding paragraph.

مَرْجَلَانِيَّةٌ A woman who is, or affects to be, or makes herself, like a man in guise or in speech. (TA. [See also رَجُلَةٌ, voce رَجُلٌ.]) مُرَجَّلٌ A skin, (Fr, TA,) or such as is termed a زِقّ, (K,) that is stripped off [by beginning] from one رَِجْل [or hind leg]; (Fr, K, TA;) or from the part where is the رِجْل (M, TA.) And شَاةٌ مُرَجَّلَةٌ A sheep, or goat, skinned [by beginning] from one رِجْل: (Ham p. 667:) and in like manner ↓ مَرْجُولٌ applied to a ram. (Lh, K voce مَزْقُوقٌ, which signifies the contr. [like مُزَقَّقٌ].) b2: Also A [skin such as is termed] زِقّ full of wine. (As, O, K.) A2: A [garment of the kind called] بُرْد upon which are the figures of men; (K;) or upon which are the figures of of men. (TA.) b2: And A garment, or piece of cloth, (O, TA,) and a بُرْد, (TA,) ornamented in the borders. (O, K, TA.) A3: Combed hair. (O, TA. [See its verb, 2.]) A4: جَرَادٌ مُرَجَّلٌ Locusts the traces of whose wings are seen upon the ground. (ISd, K.) مَرْجُولٌ A gazelle whose رِجْل [or hind leg] has fallen [and is caught] in the snare: when his يَد [or fore leg] has fallen therein, he is said to be مَيْدِىٌّ. (TA.) b2: See also the next preceding paragraph.

مُرْتَجَلٌ: see رَجِيلٌ, last sentence.

مُرْتَجِلٌ A man holding the زَنْد with his hands and feet, (K, TA,) because he is alone: (TA:) [i. e.] one who, in producing fire with the زَنْد, holds the lower زَنْدَة with his foot [or feet]. (AA, TA. [See 5.]) A2: One who collects a detached number (قِطْعَة [or رِجْل]) of locusts, to roast, or fry, them: (S:) one who lights upon a رِجْل of locusts, and roasts, or fries, some of them, (K, TA,) or, as in the M, cooks. (TA.) مُمَرْجَلٌ: see مِرْجَلٌ.

رحم

1 رَحِمَهُ, (S, Msb, K, &c.,) aor. ـَ (K,) inf. n. رَحْمَةٌ and رُحْمٌ [and رَحَمَةٌ and رُحُمٌ] and مَرْحَمَةٌ, (S, * Msb, K, *) [He had mercy, or pity, or compassion, on him; or he treated him, or regarded him, with mercy or pity or compassion; i. e.] he was, or became, tender [or tender-hearted] towards him; and inclined to favour him [and to benefit him]: (S, Msb, K: [see also رَخِمَهُ and رَخَمَهُ:]) and he pardoned him, or forgave him: (K:) said of a man: (S, Msb, K:) and also of God [in the former sense, but tropically, or anthropopathically: or as meaning He favoured him, or benefited him; or pardoned, or forgave, him: see explanations of رَحْمَةٌ below]: (Msb, K:) and عَلَيْهِ ↓ ترحّم signifies the same, (MA, [and the same seems to be indicated in the S,]) said of a man: (S:) [and so does ↓ ترحّمهُ, (occurring in the S and K in art. رعى, &c.,) accord. to Ibn-Maaroof, for he says that] تَرَحُّمٌ signifies the regarding [another] with mercy or pity or compassion; or pardoning [him], or forgiving [him]: and also the being merciful or pitiful or compassionate or favourably inclined [عَلَى غَيْرِهِ to another]. (KL: but respecting this latter verb, see 2.) A2: رَحُمَتْ, and رَحِمَتْ, (S, K,) and رُحِمَتْ, (K,) inf. n. رَحَامَةٌ, (S, K,) which is of the first, (S, TA,) and رَحَمٌ, (S, K,) which is of the second, (S, TA,) and رَحْمٌ, (K,) which is of the third, (TA,) She had a complaint of her womb after bringing forth, (S, K,) and died in consequence thereof: (K:) said of a camel, (S, TA,) and of a ewe or goat, and of a woman, and of any animal having a womb: (TA:) or she had a disease in her womb, in consequence of which she did not receive impregnation: or she brought forth without letting fall her secundine: (K, TA:) or, accord. to Lh, the bringing forth without letting fall her secundine, by a sheep or goat, is termed ↓ رُحَامٌ. (TA.) b2: رَحِمَ, aor. ـَ inf. n. رَحَمٌ, is also said of a water-skin, meaning It was left, or neglected, by its owners, after its being seasoned with rob, [for غيته, in the phrase بعد غيته, an evident mistranscription, I read, conjecturally, تَمْتِينِهِ, as the only word at all resembling غيته, that I can call to mind, having an apposite signification,] and they did not anoint it, or grease it, so that it became spoilt, or in a bad state, and did not retain the water: the epithet applied to it in this case is ↓ رَحِمٌ. (TA.) b3: and رَحَامَةٌ is also an inf. n. [of which the verb, if it have one, is app. رَحُمَ,] signifying The being connected by relationship. (TA.) 2 رحّم عَلَيْهِ, inf. n. تَرْحِيمٌ; and ↓ ترحّم; but the former is the more chaste; He said to him, رَحِمَكَ اللّٰهُ [May God have mercy on thee; &c.]. (K.) 5 ترحّم عَلَيْهِ and ترحّمهُ: for both see 1; and for the former see also 2. [Accord. to different authorities, it appears that both may be rendered He had mercy, or pity, or compassion, on him; or he pitied, or compassionated, him: (see 1:) or he pitied him, or compassionated him, much: (see what follows:) and the former, he said to him, May God have mercy on thee; &c.; (see 2;) or he expressed a wish that God would have mercy on him; or he expressed pity, or compassion, for him: and also he affected, or constrained himself to have or to show, pity, or compassion.] Though تَرَحَّمْتُ عَلَيْهِ is mentioned by J, and not رَحَّمّهُ, some say that the former is incorrect: and it is said that تَرَحُّمٌ implies self-constraint, and therefore is not to be attributed to God: but some repudiate this assertion, because it occurs in correct traditions, and because تَفَعُّلٌ is not restricted to the denoting peculiarly self-constraint, but has other properties, as in the instances of تَوَحُّدٌ and تَكَبُّرٌ, denoting intensiveness and muchness. (TA.) 6 تراحموا signifies رَحِمَ بَعْضُهُمْ بَعْضًا [They had mercy, or pity, or compassion, one on another; &c.]. (S, TA.) 10 استرحمهُ He asked, or demanded, of him الرَّحْمَة [i. e. mercy, or pity, or compassion; &c.]. (TA.) رَحْمٌ: see its syn. رَحِمٌ, in two places.

رُحْمٌ: see its syn. رَحْمَةٌ. b2: [Hence,] أُمُّ رُحْمٍ

one of the names of Mekkeh; (S, K; *) as also أُمُّ الرُّحْمِ; (K;) meaning the source of الرَّحْمَة [or mercy, &c.]. (TA.) [See also زُحْمٌ.]

رِحْمٌ: see its syn. رَحِمٌ, in two places.

رَحَمٌ The coming forth of the womb, in consequence of a disease. (IAar, TA.) [See also رَحِمَتْ and رَحِمَ, of each of which it is an inf. n.]

رَحِمٌ The womb, i. e. the place of origin, (Mgh, Msb, K,) and the receptacle, (Mgh, K,) of the young, (Mgh, Msb, K,) in the belly; (Mgh;) as also ↓ رِحْمٌ, (Msb, K,) a contraction of the former, and ↓ رَحْمٌ, which is of the dial. of Benoo-Kiláb: (Msb:) in this sense, (Msb,) which is the primary signification, (Mgh,) [i. e.] as meaning the رَحِم of the female, (S,) it is fem.; (S, Msb;) or, as some say, masc.; (Msb;) but IB cites a verse in which رِحْم is fem.: (TA:) pl. أَرْحَامٌ. (MA.) b2: Hence, (Mgh, Msb,) as also ↓ رِحْمٌ (S, Msb, K) and ↓ رَحْمٌ, (Msb,) (tropical:) Relationship; i. e. nearness of kin; syn. قَرَابَةٌ: (S, Mgh, Msb, K:) [by some restricted to relationship by the female side; as will be shown below:] and connexion by birth: (Mgh, Msb:) or relationship connecting with a father or an ancestor: or near relationship: so in the T: (TA:) or a connexion, or tie, of relationship: (A, TA:) or the ties of relationship: (M, K, TA:) accord. to the K, الرَّحِمُ signifies القَرَابَةُ or أَصْلُهَا and أَسْبَابُهَا: but in the M it is said, الرَّحِمُ أَسْبَابُ القَرَابَةِ وَأَصْلُهَا الرَّحِمُ الَّتِى هِىَ مَنْبِتُ الوَلَدِ; in which وَأَصْلُهَا forms no part of the explanation of الرحم, as the author of the K asserts it to do: (TA:) as meaning relationship, رحم is in most instances masc.: (Msb:) pl. as above. (K.) It is said in a holy tradition (حَدِيث قُدْسِىّ [i. e. an inspired or a revealed tradition]) that God said, when He created الرَّحِم [meaning “ relationship,” &c.], أَنَا الَّحْمٰنُ وَأَنْتَ الرَّحِمُ شَقَقْتُ اسْمَكَ مِنِ اسْمِى فَمَنْ وَصَلَكَ وَصَلْتُهُ وَمَنْ قَطَعَكَ قَطَعْتُهُ (assumed tropical:) [I am الرحمٰن and thou art الرحم: I have derived thy name from my name: therefore whoso maketh thee close, I will make him close; and who severeth thee, I will sever him]. (TA.) [وَصَلَ رَحِمَهُ means (assumed tropical:) He made close his tie, or ties, of relationship, by kind behaviour to his kindred: and قَطَعَ رَحِمَهُ, He severed his tie, or ties, of relationship, by unkind behaviour to his kindred: see art. وصل: and see also بَلَّ رَحِمَهُ, in the first paragraph of art. بل; and a verse there cited.] b3: ذُو الرَّحِمِ means (assumed tropical:) [The possessor of relationship, &c.; i. e.] the contr. of الأَجْنَبِىُّ: (Mgh, Msb:) the pl. ذَوُو الأَرْحَامِ, [or, as in the Kur viii. last verse, and xxxiii. 6, أُولُو الأَرْحَامِ,] in the classical language, means any relations: and in law, any relations that have no portion [of the inheritances termed فَرَائِض] and are not [such heirs as are designated by the appellation]

عَصَبَة [q. v.]; (KT, TA in art. ذو;) [i. e.,] with respect to the فَرَائِض, it means the relations by the women's side. (IAth, TA in the present art.) ذُو رَحِمٍ مَحْرَمٍ and [some say] مُحَرَّمٍ [and ذُو رَحِمٍ

مَحْرَمٌ also (see art. حرم)] mean (assumed tropical:) A relation whom it is unlawful to marry, [whether male or female, the latter being included with the former, but the female, when particularly meant, is termed ذَاتُ رَحِمٍ مَحْرَمٍ &c.,] such as the mother and the daughter and the sister and the paternal aunt and the maternal aunt [and the male relations of such degrees]: and most of the learned, of the Companions and of the generation following these, and Aboo-Haneefeh and his companions, and Ahmad [Ibn-Hambal], hold that when one possesses a person that is termed ذُو رَحِمٍ مَحْرَمٍ, this person becomes emancipated, whether male or female; but Esh-Sháfi'ee and others of the Imáms and of the Companions and of the generation following these hold that the children and the fathers and the mothers become emancipated, and not any others than these. (IAth, TA.) b4: [حَاسَّةُ رَحِمٍ means (assumed tropical:) A feeling of relationship or consanguinity, or sympathy of blood; and in like manner, elliptically, رَحِمٌ alone. You say, أَطَّتْ لَهُ مِنِّى حَاسَّةُ رَحِمٍ; expl. in art. حس: and أَطَّتْ لَهُ رَحِمِى; and أَطَّتْ بِكَ الرَّحِمُ; expl. in art. اط. b5: رَحِمٌ is also often used for فَرْجٌ or حَيَآءٌ, meaning (assumed tropical:) The vulva: see, for exs., شُفْرٌ, and 1 in art. ظآر, and 8 in art. حوص.]

A2: As an epithet, with ة, applied to a she-camel: see رَحُومٌ. b2: And as an epithet without ة, applied to a water-skin: see 1, last sentence but one.

رُحُمٌ: see the next paragraph.

A2: It is also pl. of رَحُومٌ. (TA.) رَحْمَةٌ (S, Msb, K) and ↓ رَحَمَةٌ (Sb, K) and ↓ رُحْمٌ (S, Msb, K) and ↓ رُحُمٌ, (S, K,) thus in a verse of Zuheyr, (S, TA,) and thus in the Kur xviii. 80 accord. to the reading of Aboo-'Amr Ibn-El-'Alà, (TA,) and ↓ مَرْحَمَةٌ, (S, Msb, K,) of which last مَرَاحِمُ is pl., (TA,) [all inf. ns.; when used as simple substs. signifying Mercy, pity, or compassion; i. e.] tenderness (S, Msb, K, and Bd on the بَسْمَلَة) of heart; (Bd ibid.;) and inclination to favour, (S, Msb, K,) or inclination requiring the exercise of favour and beneficence: (Bd ubi suprà:) and pardon, or forgiveness: (K:) accord. to Er-Rághib, رَحْمَةٌ signifies tenderness requiring the exercise of beneficence towards the object thereof: and it is used sometimes as meaning tenderness divested of any other attribute: and sometimes as meaning beneficence divested of tenderness; as when it is used as an attribute of the Creator: when used as an attribute of men, it means tenderness, and inclination to favour [without necessarily implying beneficence]: accord. to El-Káshánee, it is of two kinds; namely, gratuitous, and obligatory: the former is that which pours forth favours, or benefits, antecedently to works; and this is the رحمة that embraces everything: the obligatory is that which is promised to the pious and the doers of good, in the Kur vii. 155 and vii. 54: but this, he says, is included in the gratuitous, because the promise to bestow it for works is purely gratuitous: accord. to the explanation of the Imám Aboo-Is-hák Ahmad Ibn-Mohammad-Ibn-Ibráheem Eth-Thaalebee, it is God's desire to do good to the deserving thereof; so that it is an essential attribute: or the abstaining from punishing him who deserves punishment, and doing good to him who does not deserve [this]; so that it is an attribute of operation. (TA.) The saying in the Kur [xxi. 75] وَأَدْخَلْنَاهُ فِى رَحْمَتِنَا (tropical:) [And we caused him to enter into our mercy] is tropical: so says IJ. (TA.) b2: وَاللّٰهُ يَخْتَصُّ بِرَحْمَتِهِ مَنْ يَشَآءُ, in the Kur [ii. 99 and iii. 67], means (assumed tropical:) [And God distinguishes] with his gift of prophecy [whom He will], or his prophetic office or commission. (K, * TA.) b3: رَحْمَةٌ also means (assumed tropical:) Sustenance, or the means of subsistence: this is said to be its meaning as used in the Kur xli. 50. (TA.) b4: And (assumed tropical:) Rain: (TA:) so in the Kur vii. 55. (Bd, Jel.) b5: And (assumed tropical:) Plenty; or abundance of herbage, and of the goods, conveniences, or comforts, of life: so in the Kur x. 22 and xxx. 35. (TA.) رَحَمَةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

رُحْمَى [The saying رَحِمَكَ اللّٰهُ May God have mercy on thee; &c.;] a subst. from رَحَّمَ عَلَيْهِ [like بُقْيَا from أَبْقَى عَلَيْهِ]. (K.) رَحْمَآءُ: see رَحُومٌ.

الرَّحْمٰنُ [thus generally written when it has the article ال prefixed to it, but in other cases رَحْمَانُ, imperfectly decl.,] and ↓ الرَّحِيمُ are names [or epithets] applied to God: (TA:) [the former, considered as belonging to a large class of words expressive of passion or sensation, such as غَضْبَانُ and عَطْشَانُ &c., but, being applied to God, as being used tropically, or anthropopathically, may be rendered The Compassionate: ↓ the latter, considered as expressive of a constant attribute with somewhat of intensiveness, agreeably with analogy, may be rendered the Merciful: but they are variously explained: it is said that] they are both names [or epithets] formed to denote intensiveness of signification, from رَحِمَ; like الغَضْبَانُ from غَضِبَ, and العَلِيمُ from عَلِمَ; and الرَّحْمَةُ, in the proper language, is “ tenderness of heart,” and “ inclination requiring the exercise of favour and beneficence; ” but the names of God are only to be taken [or understood] with regard to the ultimate imports, which are actions, exclusively of the primary imports, which may be passions: and the former is more intensive in signification than the latter; the former including in its objects the believer and the unbeliever, and ↓ the latter having for its peculiar object the believer: (Bd on the بَسْمَلَة:) accord. to J, (TA,) they are two names [or epithets] derived from الرَّحْمَةُ, and are like نَدْمَانُ and نَدِيمٌ, and are syn.; the repetition being allowable when the [mode of] derivation is different, for the purpose of corroboration: (S, TA:) or the repetition is because the former is Hebrew, [originally 165,] and ↓ the latter is Arabic: (I'Ab, TA:) but the former is applicable to God only; though Museylimeh the Liar was called رَحْمَانُ اليَمَامَةِ; (S, TA;) and it is said to mean the Possessor of the utmost degree of الرَّحْمَة; and accord. to Zj, is a name of God mentioned in the most ancient books: (TA:) whereas ↓ the latter is syn. with

↓ الرَّاحِمُ: (S, TA:) or [rather] ↓ رَاحِمٌ is the act. part. n. [signifying having mercy, &c.], and ↓ رَحِيمٌ has an intensive signification [i. e. having much mercy, &c.]: (Msb:) the latter is applied also to a man; and so is ↓ رَحُومٌ, in the same sense, and likewise to a woman: (TA:) the pl. of ↓ رَحِيمٌ is رُحَمَآءُ; (Msb, TA;) occurring in the trad., إِنَّمَا يَرْحَمُ اللّٰهُ مِنْ عِبَادِهِ الرُّحَمَآءَ, or الرُّحَمَآءُ, as related by different persons; [i. e. God has mercy on the merciful only of his servants, or verily those on whom God has mercy, of his servants, are the merciful;] الرحماء being in the accus. case as the objective complement of يرحم, and in the nom. case as the enunciative of ما in the sense of الَّذِى. (Msb.) رَحَمُوتٌ is from رَحْمَةٌ, [with which it is syn.,] (S, TA,) but it is used only coupled with its like in form: (K, TA:) one says, رَهَبُوتٌ خَيْرٌ لَكَ مِنْ رَحَمُوتٍ [Fear is better for thee than pity, or compassion], meaning thy being feared is better than thy being pitied, or compassionated: (S, K: but in the former, without لك:) or, accord. to Mbr, ↓ رَهَبُوتَى خَيْرٌ مِنْ رَحَمُوتَى. (Meyd. [See art. رهب.]) رَحَمُوتَى: see what next precedes.

رُحَامٌ: see 1, last sentence but two.

رَحُومٌ (Lh, S, K) and ↓ رَحْمَآءُ, (K,) applied to a she-camel, (Lh, S, TA,) and to a ewe or she-goat, and to a woman, (TA,) [and app. to any animal having a womb, (see رَحُمَتْ)] Having a complaint of her womb (Lh, S, M, K) after bringing forth, (Lh, S, K,) and dying in consequence thereof; (K;) and ↓ رَحِمَةٌ, applied to a she-camel, signifies the same: the pl. of رَحُومٌ is رُحُمٌ, with two dammehs. (TA.) b2: For the first, see also الرَّحْمٰنُ, near the end of the paragraph.

رَحِيمُ: see الرَّحْمٰنُ, in seven places. b2: Sometimes it is syn. with ↓ مَرْحُومٌ [i. e. Treated, or regarded, with mercy or pity or compassion; &c.: see 1, first sentence]: 'Amelles Ibn-'Akeel says, (using it in this sense, Ham p. 628,) فَأَمَّا إِذَا عَضَّتْ بِكَ الحَرْبُ عَضَّةً فَإِنَّكَ مَعْطُوفٌ عَلَيْكَ رَحِيمُ (S, and Ham,) i. e. [But at all events,] when war becomes [once] severe to thee, and thine enemy has almost overcome thee, [verily thou art regarded with favour,] treated with mercy, and defended, by us. (Ham.) رَاحِمٌ: see الرَّحْمٰنُ, in two places, in the latter half of the paragraph. b2: Also, applied to a ewe, and to a she-goat, Having the womb swollen. (Lh, K.) أَرْحَمُ [More, and most, merciful, &c.]. God is أَرْحَمُ الرَّاحِمينَ [The Most Merciful of those that have mercy]. (TA.) مَرْحَمَةٌ: see رَحْمَةٌ.

مُرَحَّمٌ [Treated, or regarded, with much mercy or pity or compassion; &c.]: it is with teshdeed to denote intensiveness of the signification. (S, TA.) b2: [See also 2, of which it is the pass. part. n.]

مَرْحُومٌ: see رَحِيمٌ. b2: المَرْحُومَةُ is a name of El-Medeeneh. (K.) b3: [And المَرْحُومُ, which may be rendered The object of God's mercy, is commonly used in the present day as an epithet applied to the person, whoever he be, that has died in what is believed to be the true faith; as though meaning merely the deceased.]

رحو and رحى1 رَحَتِ الحَيَّةُ, (S, K,) aor. ـْ (S) [and app. تَرْحَى also (see رَحْيَةٌ)]; and ↓ ترحّت; (S, K;) The serpent turned round about, (S, K, TA,) and twisted, or wound, or coiled, itself; ISd adds, كَالرَّحّى [i. e. like the mill, or millstone]; for which reason it is said to be إِحْدّى بَنَاتِ طِبَقٍ. (TA.) A2: رَحَوْتُ الرَّحَا or الرَّحَى, (S, K,) inf. n. رَحْوٌ; (TA;) and رَحَيْتُهَا, (S, K,) inf. n. رَحْىٌ; (TA;) I turned round the رحا or رحى [i. e. the mill, or mill-stone]: (S, K:) or I made it: (K:) in the K, the latter verb is said to be extr.; but not so in the T or S or M: in the M it is said to be the more common. (TA.) A3: And رَحَاهُ He magnified him, or honoured him. (IAar, TA.) 5 تَ1َ2َّ3َ see above, first sentence.

رَحًى (S, Msb, K, &c.) and رَحًا, (Msb, * K,) the former of which is the more approved, (TA,) and some say ↓ رَحَآءٌ, (S,) A mill; syn. طَاحُونٌ: (Msb:) [and] a mill-stone; i. e. the great round stone with which one grinds: (TA:) of the fem. gender: (Zj, S, Msb, K:) dual of the first رَحَيَانِ, (S, Msb, K,) and of the second رَحَوَانِ, (Msb, * K,) and of the third, رَحَاآنِ: (S:) the pl. (of pauc., S) of رَحًى (Msb) [and of رَحًا] is أَرْحٍ and (of mult., S) أَرْحَآءٌ, (S, Msb, K,) which latter is the pl. that is preferred accord. to IAmb, (Msb,) and رُحِىٌّ and رِحِىٌّ, (Msb, K, TA,) with damm and with kesr (Msb, TA) to the ر (Msb,) [for the last of which رَحِىٌّ is substituted in the CK,] and أُرْحِىٌّ, (K, TA,) with damm, and with kesr to the ح and teshdeed to the ى (TA,) [in the CK أَرْحِىٌّ,] and أَرْحِيَةٌ, (Msb, K,) which is extr., (K,) said by AHát to be wrong, and by IAmb to be anomalous, and by Zj to be not allowable, (Msb,) in the T said to be as though it were a pl. pl., (TA,) or it is pl. of رَحَآءٌ [and therefore regular]: (S:) the dim. is ↓ رُحَيَّةٌ. (Zj, Msb.) رَحَا اليَدِ [or رَحَى اليَدِ] signifies The hand-mill. (MA.) b2: [Hence, A molar tooth, or grinder:] i. q. ضِرْسٌ; (S, Msb, K;) pl. أَرْحَآءٌ i. q. أَضْرَاسٌ: (S:) [or rather] the أَرْحَآء, also called the طَوَاحِن, are the twelve teeth, three on each side [above and below], next after the ضَوَاحِك [or bicuspids]. (Zj, in his “ Khalk el-Insán. ”) b3: [And app. A roller with which land is rolled to crush the clods; as being likened to a mill-stone: see 1 in art. ختم, near the end of the paragraph.] b4: Stones: and a great rock, or mass of stone. (TA.) b5: A round piece of ground, rising above what surrounds it, (S, K,) about as large in extent as a mile: (K:) pl. أَرْحَآءٌ: (K, TA:) or this latter, i. e. the pl., signifies pieces of rugged ground, less than mountains, round, and rising above what surrounds them: (M, TA:) or رَحًا مِنَ الأَرْضِ means a round and rugged place [or piece of ground] among sands: (Sh, TA:) or a large and rugged [elevation such as is termed]

قَارَة or أَكَمَة, round, rising above what surrounds it, not spreading upon the surface of the earth, nor producing herbs, or leguminous plants, nor trees. (ISh, TA.) b6: A round cloud; [as being likened to a mill-stone;] (A in art. رجح:) or so رَحَى سَحَابٍ. (S.) b7: The كِرْكِرَة [or callous protuberance upon the breast] of a camel; (T, S, K;) so called because of its roundness: (TA:) pl. أَرْحَآءٌ: (K:) which likewise signifies the callous protuberances upon the knees of the camel. (T, TA.) b8: The foot (فِرْسِن) of the camel and of the elephant: pl. أَرْحَآءٌ. (M, K.) b9: A دَائِرَة [app. meaning a circling border] around the nail. (TA.) b10: The breast, or chest: pl., as in the other senses following, أَرْحَآءٌ. (K.) b11: Spinage, or spinach; (M, K;) because of the roundness of its leaves. (TA.) b12: (tropical:) A collective body of the members of a household. (ISd, K, TA.) b13: (tropical:) An independent tribe: (K, TA:) أَرْحَآءٌ (which is its pl., K, TA) signifies (tropical:) independent tribes, that are in no need of others. (S, TA.) b14: (assumed tropical:) A large number of camels, crowding, or pressing, together; (S, K, TA;) also called طَحَّانَةٌ: (S, TA:) or رَحَا الإِبِلِ means the collective herd of the camels: and in like manner, رَحَا القَوْمِ the collective body of the people, or party. (ISk, TA.) b15: رَحَى القَوْمِ signifies [also] (tropical:) The chief of the people, or party. (T, S, M, K, TA.) [It is added in the TA that 'Omar Ibn-El-Khattáb was called رَحَى الحَرْبِ, as though meaning (assumed tropical:) The chief of war; because of his warlike propensities: but it seems from what here follows, as well as from what precedes, that this may be a mistranscription, for رَحَى القَوْمِ or رَحَى العَرَبِ.] b16: رَحَى الحَرْبِ signifies (tropical:) The most vehement part [or the thickest] of the fight; syn. حَوْمَتُهَا: (S, Msb:) in the K it is said that الرَّحَى signifies حَوْمَةُ الحَرْبِ, and مُعْظَمُهُ; as also ↓ المَرْحَى: but it seems that there is an omission; for الحرب is [generally] fem., and in the M it is said that رَحَى المَوْتِ signifies مُعْظَمُهُ [app. meaning the main stress, or the thickest, of death in battle]. (TA.) In a saying relating to 'Alee's having made an end of الجَمَلِ ↓ مَرْحَي, this expression is expl. by A 'Obeyd as meaning The place around which revolved the thickest of the fight (المَوْضِعُ الَّذِي دَارَتْ عَلَيْهِ رَحَي الحَرْبِ) [in the Battle of the Camel]. (TA.) And دَارَتْ عَلَيْهِ رَحَي المَوْتِ [which may be rendered (assumed tropical:) The main stress of death beset him round about] meansdeath befell him. (Msb, TA.) رَحْيَةٌ [or حَيَّةٌ رَحْيَةٌ meaning A serpent folding, or coiling, itself, so as to resemble a neck-ring]: see رَحَّةٌ, in art. رح.

رَحَآءٌ: see رَحًي, first sentence.

رُحَيَّةٌ dim. of رَحًي, q. v. (Zj, Msb.) قَصْعَةٌ رَحَّآءُ A shallow, or a wide, [bowl such as is termed] قصعة. (TA. [It is there mentioned in art. رحو, but belongs to art. رح q. v.]) مَرْحًي A place of a mill or mill-stone. (MA.) b2: See also رَحًي (near the end of the paragraph), in two places. b3: [Accord. to Freytag, it occurs in the Deewán of the Hudhalees as meaning (assumed tropical:) A place where any one stands firmly.]

مُرَحٍ A maker of mills or mill-stones. (K, TA.) A2: And Moisture in the ground to the extent of a palm. (AHn, TA.)

رهن

1 رَهَنَ, (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) aor. ـَ (Msb,) inf. n. رَهْنٌ, (S, TA,) or رُهُونٌ, (Msb,) It (a thing, S, Msb, TA) continued, subsisted, lasted, endured, remained, or remained fixed or stationary; it was, or became, permanent, constant, firm, steady, stead fast, stable, fixed, fast, settled, or established. (S, Mgh, Msb, K, TA.) This is the primary signification. (Mgh, TA. *) b2: Hence, (Mgh,) رَهَنَ بِالمَكَانِ (tropical:) He remained, stayed, dwelt, or abode, in the place. (A, Mgh, TA.) b3: And رَهَنَ, (JK, S, K,) aor. ـَ (K, TA,) or ـُ (JK, [but this I think to be a mis take,]) inf. n. رُهُونٌ, (K,) said of a man, and of a camel, (JK, S, * TA,) and of any beast (TA,) He was, or became, lean, or emaciated; (JK, S, K, TA;) and fatigued, tired, weary, or jaded. (JK, TA.) You say, رَكِبَ حَتَّى رَهَنَ He rode until he became lean, or emaciated. (ISh, TA. [See رَاهِنٌ.]) A2: As trans., see 4, first signification. b2: [Hence,] as a law term, رَهْنٌ signifies The putting, or placing, an article of real property [to remain] as a pledge, or security, or making it to be such, for a debt that is obligatory or that will become obligatory. (TA.) You say, رَهَنَهُ الشَّىْءَ, and رَهَنَهُ عِنْدَهُ, (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) aor. ـَ (K,) inf. n. رَهْنٌ (Msb, TA) [and رَهِينَةٌ, q. v. voce رَهْنٌ]; and ↓ ارهنهُ الشَّىْءَ; (S, K;) all signify the same; (S;) i. e. He deposited the thing with him (Msb, K) [as a pledge] to be in lieu of that which he had taken, or received, from him: (K:) [i. e. he pledged the thing to him, or with him:] and رَهَنْتُ المَتَاعَ بِالدَّيْنِ, inf. n. رَهْنٌ, I restricted the commodity or placed it in custody, for, or by reason of, the debt; and بالدين ↓ ارهنتهُ is a dial. var. thereof, but of rare occurrence, and disallowed by those who are held in esteem: (Msb:) for, properly, they say, (Msb,) زَيْدًا الثَّوْبَ ↓ أَرْهَنْتُ signifies I gave to Zeyd the garment, or piece of cloth, in order that he should deposit it as a pledge (Msb, K *) with some one. (Msb.) 'Abd-Allah Ibn Hemmám Es-Saloolee says, (S,) or Hemmám Ibn-Murrah, (TA,) مَالِكَا ↓ نَجَوْتُ وَ أَرْهَنْتُهُمْ فَلَمَّا خَشِيتُ أَظَافِيرَهُمْ [And when I dreaded their nails, I escaped, and gave them, or left with them, as a pledge, Málik]: thus, says Th, all relate the verse, except As, who says وَ أَرْهَنُهُمْ مالكا [i. e. leaving with them, as a pledge, Málik]: he likens this phrase to the say ing قُمْتُ وَ أَصُكُّ وَجْهَهُ; and this is a good way of explaining it; for the و is that which is a deno tative of state; the meaning being صَاكًّا وَجْهَهُ: [accord. to the former reading, in the opinion of Th,] the poet means I left Málik remaining with them; not as a pledge; because [when the leaving a thing as a pledge is meant, in his opinion,] one does not say, الشَّىْءَ ↓ أَرْهَنْتُ, but only رَهَنْتُهُ. (S, TA.) [See, however, 4.] You say also, رَهَنَهُ عَنْهُ, inf. n. رَهْنٌ, meaning He made him, or it, to be a pledge in lieu of him, or it: a poet, asserted by IJ to be a pagan, says, اِرْهَنْ بَنِيكَ عَنْهُمُ أَرْهَنْ بَنِىْ [Make thou thy sons to be pledges in lieu of them: in that case I will make my sons to be pledges: بَنِى being for بَنِىَّ]. (TA.) And رَهَنْتُهُ لِسَانِى (assumed tropical:) [I made my tongue to be as though it were a pledge to him, to be restrained, or to be used, for his sake or benefit]: in this case one should not say ↓ أَرْهَنْتُهُ; (IAar, K;) though one says thus of a garment, or piece of cloth, [&c.,] as well as رَهَنْتُهُ. (TA.) 3 رَاهُنْتُ فُلَانًا عَلَى كَذَا, (S, Msb,) inf. n. مُرَاهَنَةٌ, (S,) or رِهَانٌ, (Msb,) or both, (K, and so in a copy of the S,) I laid a bet, or wager, or stake, with such a one, for such a thing, (S, Msb, K, *) mostly (TA) said in relation to horses running a race, (JK, TA, *) to be taken by him who should outstrip, or overcome. (Msb.) b2: The inf. ns. also signify (tropical:) The contending [of two persons] to outstrip [in a race] upon horses, (K, TA,) and otherwise. (TA.) Hence the prov., هُمَا كَفَرَسَىْ رِهَانٍ [explained in art. فرس]. (JK.) 4 ارهن He made (a thing, Msb,) to continue, subsist, last, endure, remain, or remain fixed or stationary; to be, or become, permanent, can stant, firm, steady, steadfast, stable, fixed, fast, settled, or established; (S, * Mgh, * Msb, K; *) and so ↓ رَهَنَ; (K;) but the former is the more ap proved: (TA:) and also he found it to be so. (Msb.) You say, ارهن لَهُمُ الطَّعَامَ, (T, S, K, TA,) and الشَّرَابَ, (T, S, TA,) and المَالَ, (TA,) (tropical:) He continued, or made permanent, to them the food, (T, S, K, TA,) and the beverage, (T, S, TA,) and the property. (TA.) [And accord. to an expla nation of أُرْهِنَتْ (referring to dates), by 'Alee Ibn Hamzeh, cited in a marginal note in a copy of the S, in art. أَرْهَنَ, وهب signifies He prepared food, and continued it, or made it permanent.]

b2: [Hence ارهنهُ as used by some in another sense of رَهَنَهُ:] see 1, in six places. [That it is allowable to use it thus may be inferred from phrases here following.] b3: You say, أَرْهَنْتُ مَالِى I staked my property. (JK.) And أَرْهَنُوا بَيْنَهُمْ خَطَرًا They gave, of their own free will, what the party approved, whatever were its amount, to be to them a stake at a race. (TA.) And أَرْهَنْتُ بِهِ وَلَدِى (S, K, *) inf. n. إِرْهَانٌ, (S,) (assumed tropical:) I made my children to be as a stake for him, or it. (S, K. *) And ارهنهُ لِلْمَوْتِ (assumed tropical:) He resigned him to death. (IAar, TA.) And ارهن المَيِّتَ القَبْرَ (tropical:) He deposited the dead body in the grave [as a pledge to be rendered up on the day of resurrection]. (K, TA.) b4: Accord. to Az, (S, TA, in one copy of the S it is A'Obeyd,) أَرْهَنْتُ فِى السِّلْعَةِ signifies I bought the commodity for a dear, or an excessive, price; (S, K, TA;) gave largely for it until I obtained it: (TA:) accord. to ISk, I paid in advance for the commodity; syn. أَسْلَفْتُ; (S, TA;) and in the T it is said, [and in like manner in the JK,] that ارهن فِى كَذَا وَ كَذَا signifies اسلف فِيهِ: (TA:) [in the K it is said that أَرْهَنَهُ signifies أَسْلَفَهُ, as though it meant he lent him a sum of money &c.:] accord. to Er-Rághib, the proper meaning [of إِرْهَانٌ] is one's giving a com modity before [the full payment of] the price, and so making it to be pledged for the completion of its price. (TA.) A2: ارهنهُ also signifies He, or it, weakened him: (K:) [like أَوْهَنَهُ:] and rendered him lean, or emaciated. (TA.) And ارهن اللّٰهُ قُوَّتَهُ God weakened him; syn. أَوْهَنَهُ. (JK.) 6 تراهنا They two laid bets, wagers, or stakes, each with the other; syn. تَوَاضَعَا الرُّهُونَ. (TA.) And تراهن القَوْمُ The party contended together, every one of them laying a bet, wager, or stake, in order that the person outstripping should take the whole when he overcame. (Msb.) 8 ارتهن مِنْهُ He took, or received, from him a pledge. (K.) [Or] ارتهنهُ He took, or received, it as a pledge: (JK, Mgh:) or ارتهنهُ مِنْهُ he took, or received, it from him; namely, a pledge. (Msb.) b2: [Accord. to Freytag, ارتهنهُ بِهِ signifies He had him, or held him, as a pledge to him for it. And اُرْتُهِنَ He, or it, was given as a pledge. But for neither of these has he mentioned any authority.]10 إِسْتَرْهَنَ [استرهنهُ He asked him, or desired him, to pledge a thing with him: and, to give a pledge.] You say, اِسْتَرْهَنَنِى كَذَا فَرَهَنْتُهُ عِنْدَهُ [He asked me, or desired me, to pledge such a thing, or to deposit such a thing as a pledge, and I pledged it with him, or deposited it with him as a pledge]. (Mgh.) رَهْنٌ, originally an inf. n., (Msb,) is syn. with

↓ مَرْهُونٌ; (Mgh, Msb;) i. e. (Msb) it signifies [A pledge;] a thing deposited with a person (Msb, * K) to be in lieu of a thing that has been taken, or received, from him; (K;) or a thing that is deposited as a security for a debt: and ↓ رِهَانٌ has a similar meaning, but is specially applied to a thing that is deposited as a bet, or wager, or stake; and is likewise originally an inf. n.: (Er-Rághib, TA:) ↓ رَهِينَةٌ, also, is syn. with رَهْنٌ [as meaning the act of giving as a pledge], like as شَتِيمَةٌ is syn. with شَتْمٌ; the ة being added to give intensiveness to the significa tion: then, like رَهْنٌ, it is used as syn. with مَرْهُونٌ [in the sense explained above, as will be seen in what follows in this paragraph]; (IAth, TA;) [i. e.] رَهِينَةٌ is an inf. n. like شَتِيمَةٌ, applied to denote the pass. part. n. [used as a subst. pro perly so termed] like رَهْنٌ, not as an epithet; (Bd in lxxiv. 41;) [or, in other words,] رَهِينَةٌ signifies anything by reason of which a thing [such as a debt or the like] is restricted, or appro priated, to oneself; as also ↓ مُرْتَهَنَةٌ: (K: [I here follow two copies of the K, in which it is said, كُلُّ مَا احْتُبِسَ بِهِ شَىْءٌ فَرَهِينَةٌ وَ مُرْتَهَنَةٌ: in the CK, and in the copy of the K followed in the TA, فَرَهِينُهُ وَ مُرْتَهَنُهُ, which perverts the meaning, though ↓ رَهِينٌ and ↓ مُرْتَهَنٌ may be used in the same sense as رَهِينَةٌ and مُزْتَهَنَةٌ, as will be seen in the course of this paragraph: and in the TA, in the place of احْتُبِسَ, is put يحبس, meaning يُحْبَسُ: there is, however, this difference between ↓ رَهِينَةٌ and ↓ مُرْتَهَنَةٌ; that the former properly signifies a thing deposited as a pledge; and the latter, a thing taken, or received, as a pledge:]) the pl. of رَهْنٌ is رِهَانٌ (S, Mgh, Msb, K) and رُهُونٌ (Mgh, Msb, K) and رُهُنٌ, (Mgh, K,) this last said to be a pl. of رَهْنٌ by Aboo-' Amr Ibn-El-' Alà, but disap proved by Akh, because a word of the measure فَعْلٌ has not a pl. of the measure فُعُلٌ except in rare and anomalous instances, though he says that it may be [as it is said to be in the Msb] pl. of رِهَانٌ, which is pl. of رَهْنٌ, (S,) and Fr says that رُهُنٌ is pl. of رِهَانٌ, but this is denied in the M, because any pl. may not be pluralized except when there is express authority for it and when the case does not admit of any other decision; (TA;) and رُهْنٌ, also, is another pl. of رَهْنٌ, (TA,) [or rather it is a contraction of رُهُنٌ;] and another pl. of رَهْنٌ [or rather a quasi-pl. n.] is ↓ رَهِينٌ, (IJ, K,) like as عَبِيدٌ is of عَبْدٌ: (TA:) the pl. of ↓ رَهِينَةٌ is رَهَائِنُ. (S, K.) غَلِقَ الرَّهْنُ بِمَا فِيهِ. [The pledge became, or has become, per manent as a possession, with what was, or is, comprised in it,] is a prov., applied to him who has fallen into a case from which he cannot hope to escape: it is said in a trad., لَا يَغْلَقُِ الرَّهْنُ, (Meyd,) [i. e. The pledge shall not remain, or let not the pledge remain, in the hand of its receiver when its depositer is able to release it; for] لا is here either negative or prohibitive: you say, غَلِقَ الرَّهْنُ, aor. ـْ inf. n. غُلُوقٌ [or غَلَقٌ], meaning The pledge remained in the hand of the receiver when the depositor was able to release it: (Nh, cited in a copy of the “ Jámi' es-Sagheer: ”) the trad. means that the receiver of the pledge shall not have a right to it when the depositer has not released it within a certain time: for it was a custom in the Time of Ignorance for the receiver to keep possession of the pledge in this case; but El-Islám abolished it. (Meyd, * Nh.) Yousay also, هُوَ رَهْنٌ بِكَذَا and بكذا ↓ رَهِينَةٌ He, or it, is [a person, or thing,] pledged for such a thing: (IAth, TA:) or taken [as a pledge] for such a thing; as also ↓ رَهِينٌ and ↓ مُرْتَهَنٌ. (TA.) and أَنَا رَهْنٌ بِكَذَا and ↓ رَهِينٌ and ↓ رَهِينَةٌ I am taken [as a pledge] for such a thing. (Mgh.) and [hence,] أَنَا لَكَ رَهْنٌ بِكَذَا (JK, TA) and ↓ رَهِينَةٌ (TA) I am responsible, or a surety, to thee for such a thing. (JK, TA.) And بِقَيْدِهِ ↓ رِجْلُهُ رَهِينَةٌ [His leg, or foot, is a pledge for the safe-keeping of his shackle: for if the meaning were مَرْهُونَةٌ it would be رَهِينٌ, without ة]. (TA.) And الخَلْقُ المَوْتِ ↓ رَهَائِنُ [Mankind, or all created beings, are the pledges of death]. (TA.) And هُوَ رَهْنُ يَدِ المَنِيَّةِ [He is the pledge of the hand of death, or of fate, or destiny]; said of one when he has sought, or courted, death. (TA.) And يَدِى لَكَ رَهْنٌ [My hand is a pledge to thee]; by which is meant responsibility, or suretiship. (TA.) and قَبْرٍ ↓ إِنَّهُ لَرَهِينُ [Verily he is the pledge of a grave, which will render him up on the day of resurrection]. (TA.) It is said in the Kur lxxiv. 41, ↓ كُلُّ نَفْسٍ بِمَا كَسَبَتْ رَهِينَةٌ, meaning [Every soul is a thing] pledged with God [for what it shall have wrought; its works being regarded as a debt, for which it will be either released or held in custody to be punished everlastingly]: رهينة being an inf. n. like شَتِيمَةٌ applied to denote the pass. part. n. [in a manner before mentioned] like رَهْنٌ; for if it were an epithet [i. e. used in the proper sense of a pass. part. n.] the word would be رَهِينٌ. (Bd.) And in lii. 21 of the same, كُلُّ

↓ امْرِئٍ بِمَا كَسَبَ رَهِينٌ, i. e. [Every man is] pledged (مَرْهُونٌ, Bd, Jel) with God (عِنْدَ اللّٰهِ) for what he shall have wrought; so that if he have done good, He will release him; but other wise, He will destroy [or hold in confinement and punish] him; (Bd;) or to be punished for evil, and recompensed for good. (Jel.) And it is said in a trad., بِعَقِيقَتِهِ ↓ كُلُّ غُلَامٍ رَهِينَةٌ [Every boy that is born is a pledge for his عقيقة, i. e. for the victim that is to be sacrificed for him when his head is shaven the first time; which is com monly regarded as his ransom from the fire of Hell]: i. e., the عقيقة is absolutely necessary for him; wherefore he is likened, when not released from it, to a pledge in the hand of the receiver: El-Khattábee says that the best explanation of it is that of Ahmad Ibn-Hambal; that if the عقيقة be not sacrificed for the boy and he die an infant, he will not intercede for his parents. (TA.) b2: See also what next follows.

هُوَ رِهْنُ مَالٍ, (JK, K, TA,) with kesr, (K,) and ↓ رَهْنُهُ, (JK,) He is a manager, tender, or superintendent, of cattle, or camels &c.; or a good pastor thereof. (K, * TA.) رِهَانٌ, as a sing: see رَهْنٌ. b2: It is also a pl. of the latter word. (S, Mgh, Msb, K.) رَهِينٌ: see مَرْهُونٌ: and see also رَهْنٌ in six places.

رَهِينَةٌ, and its pl. رَهَائِنُ: see رَهْنٌ, in ten places.

رَاهِنٌ Continuing, subsisting, lasting, enduring, remaining, or remaining fixed or stationary, permanent, constant, firm, steady, steadfast, stable, fixed, fast, settled, or established. (S, * Mgh, Msb.) You say طَعَامٌ رَاهِنٌ (S, Mgh) Food that continues, or is permanent, &c. (Mgh.) And خَمْرٌ رَاهِنَةٌ Wine of which there is a con tinual, or constant, supply; uninterrupted, or unfailing. (TA.) And نِعْمَةُ اللّٰهِ رَاهِنَةٌ, i. e. [The bounty of God is] continual, permanent, or constant. (TA.) And حَالَةٌ رَاهِنَةٌ A state, or condition, continuing; remaining to the present time. (Es-Semeen, TA.) And هٰذَا رَاهِنٌ لَكَ meaning This is continual, or permanent, to thee; beloved by thee; and also as explained below. (TA.) b2: (tropical:) Remaining, staying, dwelling, or abid ing, in a place. (JK.) b3: Prepared. (K.) One says, هٰذَا رَاهِنٌ لَكَ meaning as explained above, and also This is prepared for thee. (TA.) b4: As an epithet applied to a man, and a camel, (JK, S, TA,) and any beast, (TA,) Lean, or emaciated; (JK, S, K, TA;) accord. to ISh, in consequence of riding, or disease, or some [other] accident: (TA:) and fatigued, tired, weary, or jaded. (JK, TA.) b5: And إِبِلٌ رَاهِنَةٌ Camels that will not, or do not, pasture upon the [plants, or tress, termed] حَمْض. (JK.) رَاهِنَةٌ The navel, with what surrounds it, (JK, Az, K,) in the outer part of the belly (JK) of the horse. (JK, Az, K.) إِرْهَانٌ A thong, or strap, that is bound upon the middle of the نِير [or yoke] that is upon the two bulls [drawing a plough]. (JK.) أُرْهُونٌ A girl, or young woman menstruating: (K:) seen by Az in the handwriting of Aboo Bekr El-Iyádee, but not seen by him on any other authority. (TA.) مَرْهُونٌ [Pledged; deposited as a pledge; or] restricted, or placed in custody, for, or by reason of, a debt; (S, * Msb;) originally مَرْهُونٌ بِالدَّيْنِ [or بِدَيْنٍ]; (Msb;) and ↓ رَهِينٌ signifies the same; (S, Msb;) and the fem. of this [or rather the subst. formed from it, for when it is used as a fem. epithet, having the sense of a pass. part. n., it is without ة, as remarked above, voce رَهْنٌ,] is رَهِينَةٌ. (S.) الأُمُورُ مَرْهُونَةٌ بِأَوْقَاتِهَا is expl. by مَكْفُولَةٌ [app. meaning Events are guaranteed, or pledged, for their times, to which they are limited by the decrees of God]. (TA.) See also رَهْنٌ.

مُرْتَهَنٌ: see رَهْنٌ, in two places.

مُرْتَهِنٌ One who takes, or receives, a رَهْن [or pledge]. (S.) مُرْتَهَنَةٌ: see رَهْنٌ, in two places.

سلف

1 سَلَفَ, (S, M, Msb, K,) aor. ـُ (S, M, Msb,) or, accord. to some, سَلِفَ, and accord. to IKtt, سَلَفٌ and سَلِفَ, (MF,) inf. n. سَفٌ, (S, K,) or سُلُوفٌ, (Msb,) [both app. correct,] It (a thing, K) [and also he (a man)] passed; passed away; (S, Msb, K;) came to an end, or to nought; or became cut off: (Msb:) and, (K,) inf. n. سَلْفٌ, (M, MF, and so in copies of the K,) or سَفٌ, (so in the CK,) and سُلُوفٌ, (M, K,) he (a man, K) [and also it (a thing)] went before, or preceded; (M, K;) and so ↓ سالف, said of a camel. (K.) In a verse cited voce سَلْفَ رَدَادٌ is used by poetic license for سَلَفَ: but this kind of contraction is allowed by the Basrees only in verbs of which the medial radical letter is with kesr or damm, as in عَلْمَ for عَلِمَ, and كَرْمَ for كَرُمَ. (M. [See سَرُعَ.]) b2: You say also, سَلَفَ لَهُ عَمَلٌ صَالِحٌ, meaning A good, or righteous, deed of his preceded [so as to prepare for him a future reward]. (TA.) b3: And سَلَفَتِ النَّاقَةُ, inf. n. سُلُوفٌ, The she-camel was, or became, among the foremost of the camels in arriving at the water. (TA.) b4: [Golius and Freytag mention also سَلَفَ as a trans. verb; the former explaining it as signifying “ Præteriit, præcessit, rem; ” and the latter adding “ tempore,” and assigning to it the inf. ns. سَلْفٌ and سُلُوفٌ; as on the authority of the K; in which I find no indication of such a usage of this verb.]

A2: سَلَفَ الأَرْضَ, (S, M, K;) aor. ـُ inf. n. سَلْفٌ; (S, M;) and ↓ اسلفها; (M, K;) He turned over the land for sowing: (M, K:) or (so in the K, but in the M “ and ”) he made it even with the مِسْلَفَة [q. v.]. (S, M, K.) b2: سَلَفَ المَزَادَةَ, inf. n. سَلْفٌ, [in some copies of the K سَلَف,] He oiled, or greased, the مزادة [or leathern water-bag]. (K.) 2 تَسْلِيفٌ signifies The making [a thing] to go before, or precede. (S, K.) b2: And I. q. إِسْلَافٌ. (K.) See 4, in six places. b3: And The giving to another the portion of food termed سُلفَة [q. v.]. (S.) You say, سلّف الرَّجُلَ, (S,) or القَوْمَ, (M,) inf. n. as above, (S,) He gave to the man, (S,) or to the people or party, (M,) the portion of food so called; (S, M;) as also [سلّف لَهُ, or]

سلّف لَهُمْ. (M.) b4: And The eating of the [portion of food termed] سُلْفَة. (K.) [See also 5.]3 سالف: see 1, first sentence.

A2: سالفهُ فِى

الأَرْضِ, (Ibn-'Abbád, K,) inf. n. مُسَالَفَةٌ, (Ibn-'Abbád, TA,) i. q. سَايَرَهُ [i. e. He went, or kept pace, or ran, with him, or he vied, contended, or competed, with him in going or running, in the land; as though striving to be before him]. (Ibn-'Abbád, K.) b2: And سالفهُ He equalled him in an affair. (Ibn-'Abbád, K.) 4 اسلفهُ He did it previously, or beforehand. (O and TA in art. زلف.) b2: [Hence,] اسلف فِى, كَذَا, (S, Mgh, Msb, TA,) inf. n. إِسْلَافٌ; (TA;) and فِيهِ ↓ سلّف, (Mgh, Msb, TA,) inf. n. تَسْلِيفٌ; (Msb, TA;) He paid in advance, or beforehand, for such a thing, (S, Mgh, TA,) i. e. a commodity described to him, (S,) or wheat or the like, for which the seller became responsible, [with something additional to the equivalent of the current price at the time of the payment, (see سَلَفٌ,)] (TA,) to be delivered at a certain period: (S:) and أَسْلَمَ signifies the same. (TA.) You say, أَسْلَفْتُ إِلَيْهِ فِى كَذَا and إِلَيْهِ ↓ سَلَّفْتُ [I paid in advance to him for such a thing, &c.]. (Msb.) Hence the saying in a trad., فَيُسَلِّفْ ↓ مَنْ سَلَّفَ فِى كَيْلٍ مَعْلُومٍ وَوَزْنٍ مَعْلُومٍ إِلَى أَجَلٍ مَعْلُومٍ i. e. He who pays in advance for a commodity for which the seller is responsible, let him pay in advance for a certain measure, and a certain weight, to be delivered at a certain period. (TA.) b3: And اسلفهُ مَالًا, (S, M, Mgh, TA,) and ↓ سلّفهُ, (M, Mgh, TA,) He lent him property [to be repaid, or returned, without any profit]. (M, Mgh, TA. [See, again, سَلَفٌ.]) [Whence one says, اسلفهُ إِحْسَانًا and سلّفهُ, and ↓ سلّفهُ, meaning (assumed tropical:) He did to him, to be requited it, a good action and an evil action; as is shown by the words مَا أَسْلَفْتَ مِنْ إِسَآءَةٍ أَوْ إِحْسَانٍ وَمَا تُعْطِيهِ لِتُقْضَاهُ in art. قرض in the K, and by the corresponding words مَا سَلَّفْتَ مِنْ إِحْسَانٍ وَمِنْ إِسَآءَةٍ in the same art. in the S: see also Bd in xxxvi. 11: and see زَلَّفَهُ. And hence,] a poet says, تُسَلِّفُ ↓ الجَارَ شِرْبًا وَهْىَ حَائِمَةٌ وَالمَآءُ لَزْنٌ بَكِىْءُ العَيْنِ مُقْتَسَمُ (assumed tropical:) [They (referring to camels) yield promptly to the neighbour a draught of milk, while they are thirsty, and going round about the water, when the water is crowded upon, scanty in the source, divided by lot]. (TA. [See also some verses of El-Akra' Ibn-Mo'ádh, in which the former hemistich occurs with a different latter hemistich, in the Ham p. 753.]) A2: See also 1, last sentence but one.5 تسلّف He received payment in advance: and ↓ استسلف [perhaps a mistranscription for ↓ استلف] signifies [the same; or] he took, or received, what is termed سَلَف. (Msb.) b2: [and hence,] تسلّف مِنْهُ He received from him a loan; syn. اِقْتَرَضَ; as also ↓ استلف. (A in art. قرض.) And تسلّف مِنْهُ كَذَا He received as a loan from him such a thing. (TA.) b3: See also 10. b4: And تسلّف He ate the [portion of food termed] سُلْفَة. (MA.) [See also 2.]6 تسالفا They two took as their wives two sisters. (M, K.) 8 إِسْتَلَفَ see 5, in two places.10 اِسْتَسْلَفْتُ مِنْهُ دَرَاهِمَ I sought, or demanded, of him money as a loan; as also ↓ تَسَلَّفْتُ. (S, * TA.) Hence, استسلف مِنْ أَعْرَابِىٍّ بَكْرًا He sought, or demanded, as a loan, from an Arab of the desert, a [youthful he-camel such as is termed]

بَكْر. (TA.) b2: And استسلف ثَمَنَهُ He sought, or demanded, its price in advance; syn. اِسْتَقْرَضَهُ. (Har p. 530.) b3: See also 5.

A2: [And استسلف He took as his wife the wife of his deceased brother: so in a version of the Bible, in Deut. xxv. 5: mentioned by Golius.]

سَلْفٌ A [bag for travelling-provisions &c., such as is termed] جِرَاب, (M, K,) of any sort: (M:) or a large جِرَاب: (S, M, K:) [and the contr., i. e. a small one: (Freytag, from the Kitáb el-Addád:)] or a hide not well, or not thoroughly, tanned: (M, K, TA:) pl. [of pauc.] أَسْلُفٌ and [of mult.] سُلُوفٌ. (M, K.) سُلْفٌ [perhaps a mistranscription for سُلَفٌ, q. v.,] A certain species of bird, not particularized. (TA.) b2: See also مِسْلَفٌ.

سِلْفٌ; and its fem., with ة; and their duals: see سَلِفٌ, in five places: A2: and see سَلَفٌ, last sentence.

سَلَفٌ Such as have gone before, or preceded; (M, Msb; *) [i. e. the preceding generations;] as also ↓ سَلِيفٌ and ↓ سُلْفَةٌ and ↓ سَلُوفٌ; all quasipl. ns.; (M;) of which the sing. is ↓ سَالِفٌ: (M, Msb: *) or such as have gone before, or preceded, of a man's ancestors (S, K) and of his relations, (K,) that are above him in age and in excellence; [but this addition is not always agreeable with usage;] one of whom is termed ↓ سَالِفٌ: (TA:) the pl. of سَلَفٌ is أَسْلَافٌ and سُلَّافٌ, (S, K,) [the former a pl. of pauc. and the latter of mult.,] or the latter is pl. of ↓ سَالِفٌ, and so is سَلَفٌ [said to be, though this is more properly termed, as it is in the M, a quasi-pl. n.]: (IB, Msb, TA:) and, accord. to Zj, سُلُفٌ is pl. of ↓ سَلِيفٌ, and سُلَفٌ is pl. of ↓ سُلْفَةٌ, which means a company (عُصْبَةٌ) that has passed away: (M:) or ↓ سَالِفٌ and ↓ سَلِيفٌ signify the same; going before; preceding; syn. مُتَقَدِّمٌ. (S.) [Accord. to Abu-lMahásin, السَّلَفُ is particularly applied to 'Áïsheh the wife of Mohammad, the three Khaleefehs Aboo-Bekr and 'Omar and 'Othmán, Talhah and Ez-Zubeyr, the Khaleefeh Mo'áwiyeh, and 'Amr Ibn-El-Ás. (De Sacy's Chrest. Ar., sec. ed., i. 156.)] And السَّلَفُ الصَّالِحُ is applied to the first chief persons of the Tábi'ees. (TA.) and السَّلَفُ المُقَدَّمُ is an appellation of the prophet Mohammad. (Ham p. 780.) [Hence, مَذَاهِبُ السَّلَفِ The tenets of the early Muslims.] b2: Also A people, or party, going before, or preceding, in journeying. (TA.) b3: And [simply] A company of men; as in the saying, جَآءَنِى سَلَفٌ مِنَ النَّاسِ [A company of men came to me]. (M.) b4: and Any good, or righteous, deed, that one has done beforehand [by way of preparing a future reward]: or any فَرَط [i. e. cause of reward, or recompense, in the world to come, such as a child dying in infancy], that [as it were] goes before one. (A 'Obeyd, O, K.) b5: And i. q. سَلَمٌ; (T, Hr, Mgh, O, K, TA;) i. e. Any money, or property, paid in advance, or beforehand, as the price of a commodity for which the seller has become responsible and which one has bought on description: (T, TA:) or payment for a commodity to be delivered at a certain [future] period with something additional to [the equivalent of] the current price at the time of such payment; this [transaction] being a cause of profit to him who makes such payment; and سَلَمٌ also has this meaning: (TA:) or a sort of sale in which the price is paid in advance, and the commodity is withheld, on the condition of description, to a certain [future] period: (S, O:) it is a subst. from الإِسْلَافُ. (Msb, * K, TA.) b6: and A loan (قَرْضٌ) in which is no profit (Hr, O, Mgh, K, TA) to the lender (Hr, O, K, TA) except recompense [in the world to come] and thanks, (TA,) and which it is incumbent on the recipient thereof to return as he received it: (Hr, O, K, TA:) thus the Arabs term it: (Hr, O, TA:) and in this sense also the word is a subst. from الإِسْلَافُ. (TA.) A2: Also A stallion-camel. (IAar, M, TA.) A3: Also, (M,) or ↓ سُلْفَةٌ, (O, TA,) The prepuce of a boy; (M, O, TA;) so says Lth; (O, TA;) and ↓ سَلِفٌ and ↓ سِلْفٌ signify the same; for this is meant by الجِلْدُ as an explanation of السَّلِفُ and السِّلْفُ in the K, in some copies of which الخُلْدُ is erroneously put for الجِلْدُ. (TA.) سَلِفٌ and ↓ سِلْفٌ The husband of the sister of the wife of a man: (S, K:) and [the duals]

سَلِفَانِ (M, TA) and ↓ سِلْفَانِ (M, K) signify the two husbands of two sisters: (M, K:) accord. to IAar, the epithet سَلِفَةٌ [or ↓ سِلْفَةٌ] is not applied to a woman; (M;) one only uses the term سَلِفَانِ applied to two men: (M:) or, (M, K,) accord. to Kr, سَلِفَتَانِ, (M,) or ↓ سِلْفَتَانِ, (K,) is applied to the two wives of two brothers: (M, K:) [in the present day, ↓ سِلْفَةٌ is used as meaning a woman's husband's sister, and her brother's wife:] the pl. applied to men is أَسْلَافٌ, (M, K, TA,) and that applied to women is سَلَفٌ. (TA.) A2: See also سَلَائِفُ, last sentence.

سَلَفٌ The young one of the حَجَل [or partridge]: (S, M, K:) or, accord. to Kr, of the قَطَاة [n. un. of قَطًا, q. v.]: (M:) AA says that he had not heard سُلَفَةٌ, applied to the female; but if one said سُلَفَةٌ, like as one says سُلَكَةٌ as meaning a single female of what are termed سِلْكَانِ, it would be approvable: (S:) the pl. is سِلْفَانِ (S, M, K) and سُلْفَانٌ: (M, K:) some say that سِلْفَانٌ signifies a species of bird, not particularized. (M.) [See also سُلَحٌ and سُلَكٌ.]

سُلْفَةٌ: see سَلَفٌ, first sentence, in two places. [Hence,] one says, جَاؤُوا سُلْفَةً سُلْفَةً, meaning They came [one before another; or, which is virtually the same,] one after, or near after, or at the heels of, another. (Az, K.) b2: Also A portion of food (S, M, TA) which a man takes betimes, (S,) or with which one contents, or satisfies, himself [so as to allay the craving of his stomach], (M,) before the [morning-meal called]

غَدَآء; (S, M, TA;) i. q. لُمْجَةٌ (K, TA) and لُهْنَةٌ: (TA:) or a لُهْنَة that is supplied betimes for a guest, before the غَدَآء. (TA.) b3: And السُّلْفَة also signifies That which a woman reposits, or prepares, or provides, [app. of food,] to present to her visiter. (M.) A2: Also A piece, or portion, of land of seed-produce made even [with the مِسْلَفَة, q. v.]: pl. سُلَفٌ. (Az, O, K.) A3: and Thin skin (M, O, K) which is put as a lining to boots, (O, K,) sometimes red, and [sometimes] yellow. (O.) b2: See also سَلَفٌ, last sentence.

سِلْفَةٌ; and its dual: see سَلِفٌ, in three places.

أَرْضٌ سَلِفَةٌ Land in which are few trees. (AA, K.) A2: [See also سَلَفٌ.]

سُلَافٌ (T, S, M, Mgh) and ↓ سُلَافَةٌ (T, M, Mgh) The portion that flows before its being expressed, (S, Mgh,) of the juice of the grape; (S;) and this is the most excellent of wine: (Mgh:) or the first that is expressed, of wine: or the portion that flows without its being expressed: or the first that descends, thereof: (M:) or the clearest, or purest, and most excellent, of wine, such as flow from the grapes without their being pressed, and without steeping, or maceration; (T, TA;) and in like manner, such as flows from dates, (T, TA,) and from raisins, before water has been added to it (T, M, * TA) after the exuding of the first thereof; (T, TA:) or the latter signifies the first that is expressed, of anything: (M:) or it has this meaning also: and the former is a name for wine [absolutely]: (S:) or each has this meaning: (K:) or each signifies the clear, or pure, of wine, and of anything. (M.) b2: سُلَافُ العَسْكَرِ: see سَالِفٌ.

سَلُوفٌ: see سَلَفٌ, first sentence. b2: Also, applied to a she-camel, (S, M, K,) That is among the foremost of the camels when they come to the water: (S, K:) or that precedes the [other] camels to the watering-trough or tank: (M:) or that precedes, or leads, the other camels; opposed to عَنُودٌ. (El-Keysee, TA in art. عند.) b3: And A swift, or fleet, horse: (M, K:) pl. سُلْفٌ. (K.) b4: And An arrow having a long head: (M:) or a long arrow-head. (K.) سَلِيفٌ: see سَلَفٌ, first sentence, in three places.

A2: Also A road, or way. (TA.) سُلَافَةٌ: see سُلَافٌ.

سَالِفٌ Passing; passing away; coming to an end, or to nought; becoming cut off: (Msb:) and going before; preceding: (S:) pl. سُلَّافٌ and [quasi-pl. n.] سَلَفٌ: (IB, Msb, TA:) see سَلَفٌ, first sentence, in four places. [Hence,] الأُمَمُ السَّالِفَةُ The peoples going before, or preceding, [or that have gone, or passed away, before,] those remaining, or continuing: (K, * TA:) pl. سَوَالِفُ. (TA.) One says, كَانَ ذٰلِكَ فِى الأُمَمِ السَّالِفَةِ وَالقُرُونِ السَّوَالِفِ [That was in the time of the preceding peoples, and the preceding generations]: the pl. in this instance being used because every portion of the قرون is termed سَالِفَةٌ. (TA.) [Hence also,] العَسْكَرِ سُلَّافٌ, in the K, by implication, العسكر ↓ سُلَافُ, the former word like غُرَاب, whereas it is correctly like رُمَّان, The van of the army, as expl. in the K. (TA.) سَالِفَةٌ [fem. of سَالِفٌ, q. v. b2: And hence, as a subst.,] The side of the fore part of the neck, from the place of suspension of the ear-ring to the hollow (قَلْت [in the CK erroneously قَلْب]) of the collar-bone: (S, K:) or the upper, or uppermost, part of the neck: (M:) or the side of the neck, (M, Mgh, TA,) from the place of suspension of the ear-ring to the حَاقِنَة [here meaning the pit of the collar-bone]: pl. سَوَالِفُ. (M.) In the saying إِنَّهَا لَوَضَّاحَةُ السَّوَالِفِ [Verily she is fair in respect of the سَالِفَة], mentioned by Lh, the term سالفة is made applicable to every part thereof, and then the pl. is used accordingly. (M.) It is said in a trad. respecting [the covenant at] El-Hodeybiyeh, لَأُقَاتِلَنَّهُمْ حَتَّى تَنْفَرِدَ سَالِفَتِى

i. e. [I will assuredly fight with them, or combat them,] until the side of my neck shall become separate from what is next to it: an allusion to death. (TA.) b3: And [hence, i. e.] by the application of the name of the place to that which occupies the place, (assumed tropical:) The locks of hair that are made to hang down upon the cheek [or rather upon the side of the fore part of the neck]: said by MF to be metonymical, or tropical. (TA.) b4: Also The fore part of the neck of a horse (K, TA) &c.: so in the O and L. (TA.) بَيْنَهُمَا أُسْلُوفَةٌ Between them two is صِهْرٌ [i. e. affinity, app. by their having married to sisters: see سَلِفٌ]. (O, K.) مُسْلِفٌ, (S, M, O, L,) thus in some copies of the K, as in the S &c., but in other copies of the K, erroneously, ↓ سُلْفٌ, (TA,) A woman that has attained the age of five and forty years, (S, M, O, K,) and the like: (S, M, O:) or i. q. نَصَفٌ [i. e. middle-aged, or forty-five years old, or fifty years old]: (M:) an epithet specially applied to a female. (S, O.) A poet says, وَكَاعِبٌ وَمُسْلِفُ فِيهِ ثَلَاثٌ كَالدُّمَى

[Among them three females like the images of ivory, or of marble, &c., and one with swelling breasts, and one of middle age, &c.]. (S, M: in the O with إِلَى in the place of فِيهَا.) مِسْلَفَةٌ An instrument with which land is made even, (S, M, O, K, TA,) of stone: A 'Obeyd says, I think it is a stone made round [or cylindrical, i. e. a stone roller,] which is rolled upon the land to make it even. (TA.) [In the present day, applied to A harrow.]

أَرْضٌ الجَنَّةِ مَسْلُوفَةٌ, occurring in a trad., The ground of Paradise is made even: (As, T, S, O, TA:) said by As to be of the dial. of El-Yemen and Et-Táïf: accord. to IAth, smooth and soft. (TA.)

ترق

Q. Q. 1 تَرْقَيْتُهُ, (ISk, JK, S, K,) inf. n. تَرْقَاةٌ, (ISk, S, K,) I hit, or hurt, his (a man's, ISk, JK, S) تَرْقُوَة [or collar-bone]. (ISk, JK, S, K.) تَرْقُوَةٌ The collar-bone; the bone between the pit at the uppermost part of the chest and the shoulder, (JK, S, Mgh, K,) on either side, connecting those two parts, (JK, Mgh,) of a man &c.; (TA;) each of the two prominent bones in the uppermost part of the chest, from the head of each shoulder to the edge of the pit above mentioned: (TA in art. ترب:) [and sometimes, as in a phrase which see below,] the fore part of the حَلْق [here app. meaning the throat], at the uppermost part of the chest, the place into which the soul [for النَّفَسُ, in copies of the K, I read النَّفْسُ] rises [when one is at the point of death]: (K in art. رقو:) pl. تراقٍ (JK, Mgh, K) and ترائِق; (JK, K;) the latter formed by transposition: (JK:) Fr says that the latter pl. is used by some for the former: (TA:) the sing. is of the measure فَعْلُوَةٌ, (JK, S, K,) as is shown by the verb mentioned above, (K,) though it is repeated in the K in art. رقو: (TA:) one should not say تُرْقُوَةٌ, with damm to the ت. (S K.) إِذَا بَلَغَتِ التَّرَاقِىَ, in the Kur lxxv. 26, means When it (the soul) reaches the uppermost parts of the chest; [or, the parts of the throat next the chest;] for النَّفْسُ is understood: (Bd:) said when one is at the point of death. (TA.) تِرْيَاقٌ, an arabicized word, (S, Msb, K,) from the Greek, (Msb, K,) [i. e. from

θηριακὰ,] or originally Persian, (S, O,) also written and pronounced دِرْيَاقٌ, (JK, Msb,) and طِرْيَاقٌ; (Msb;) or, as some say, from الرِّيقُ, because containing the spittle of serpents, and, if so, it is Arabic [in origin]: (Msb:) [Theriac; also called treacle;] an antidote for poisons; (S, O;) a certain compound medicine, (K,) comprising many ingredients, at most ninety or ninety-six, and at least sixty-four, (TA,) sometimes including the flesh of vipers, (K, TA,) and that of asses, which cause it to be prohibited and impure, or, as some say, it is prohibited without restriction: (TA:) it is a remedy against the bite or sting of rapacious venomous reptiles and the like, and poisonous potions: (K: [I omit some unprofitable and absurd particulars respecting the compounds thus termed, in the K and other lexicons &c.:]) pl. تَرَايِيقُ. (K in art. فرق.) The best kind is called التِّرْيَاقُ الفَارُوقُ, (K in art. فرق,) vulgarly تِرْيَاقٌ فَارُوقِىٌّ. (TA in that art.) [A principal ingredient of this kind is the best sort of Jews-pitch, i. e. asphaltum, also called mumia, and in Arabic مُومِيَا:) (see De Sacy's “ Rel. de l'Égypte par Abdallatif,” ” p. 274:) and this mumia, by itself, is called التِّرْيَاقُ التُّرْكِىُّ.] b2: [It is sometimes applied to Treacle, as meaning the sirop that drains from sugar.] It is also said to be applied to the فَادْزَهْر [or Bezoar-stone], likewise termed مَسُوسٌ. (TA in art. مس.) b3: Also, and ↓ تِرْيَاقَةٌ, (assumed tropical:) Wine; (S, O, K;) because it dispels anxiety; (S;) or because it is a remedy for anxieties; (O;) wherefore it is also termed صَابُونُ الهُمُومِ. (TA.) تِرْيَاقَةٌ: see the last sentence above. [بَاذِنْجَانُ تِرْيَاقِىٌّ Zanthium.]

وسط

1 وَسَطَ القَوْمَ, aor. ـِ inf. n. وَسْطٌ (S, Msb, K) [and وُسُوطٌ (as shown below)] and سِطَةٌ, (S, K,) He sat, [or was, or became,] in the middle, or midst, of the people, or company of men; (K;) or among them: (TA;) i. q. ↓ توسّطهُمْ; (S, K;) or بَيْنَهُمْ ↓ توسّط: (Msb:) and in like manner, وَسَطَ المَكَانَ [he was, or became, or sat, in the middle, or midst, of the place]: (Msb:) and وَسَطَ الشَّىْءَ, and ↓ وسّطهُ, and ↓ توسّطهُ, he was, or became, in the middle, or midst, of the thing: and [in like manner] وُسُوطُ الشَّمْسِ signifies السَّمَآءَ ↓ تَوَسُّطُهَا [The sun's being, or becoming, in the middle, or midst, of the sky]. (M.) b2: وَسَطَ الشَّىْءَ also signifies He, or it, was, or became, in the best part of the thing, most remote from the two extremes. (TA.) And وَسَطَهُ He alighted, or took up his abode, in, or among, the best, or most generous, thereof. (M.) and وَسَطَ الرَّجُلُ قَوْمَهُ, and فِى قَوْمِهِ, inf. n. وَسَاطَةٌ, The man occupied, or held, a middle place, [meaning the best place, or one of the best places,] among his people, in respect of truth and equity. (Msb.) And وَسَطَ قَوْمَهُ فِى الحَسَبِ, aor. ـِ inf. n. سِطَةٌ, [He held a middle, or good, or the best, rank among his people in regard of grounds of pretension to respect.] (M.) And وَسُطَ فِى

حَسَبِهِ, [aor. ـْ inf. n. وَسَاطَةٌ and سِطَةٌ, [He held a middle, or good, or the best, rank in regard of his grounds of pretension to respect;] (M, TA;) and وَسَطَ signifies the same; (M;) and so does ↓ وسّط, (M, TA,) inf. n. تَوْسِيطٌ. (TA.) [See وَسَطٌ, below.]2 وسّطهُ, (K,) inf. n. تَوْسِيطٌ, (S, K,) He put it in the middle, or midst. (S, K.) b2: And [so in the S, but in the K “ or,”] He cut it [in the middle, or midst, i. e.] in two halves. (S, K.) [See the pass. part. n., below.] b3: [In the Kur, c. 5,] some read, فَوَسَّطْنَ بِهِ جَمْعًا [which may mean And have put in the midst, thereby, a company of the enemy: or have divided in two halves, thereby, &c.: or have thereby become in the midst of a company of the enemy]: (S, TA:) others read فَوَسَطْنَ. (TA.) See 1, first sentence. b4: وسّط فى حَسَبِهِ: see 1, last sentence.5 تَوَسَّطَ see 1, first sentence, in four places. b2: توسّط بَيْنَ النَّاسِ He mediated, or interceded, between the men, or people, for the purpose of accommodation; from وَسَطَ الرَّجُلُ قَوْمَهُ and فِى

قَوْمِهِ, explained above; (Msb;) or from وَسَاطَةٌ; (S;) he made mediation, or intercession, (عَمِلَ الوَسَاطَةَ,) between them. (K.) b3: توسّط also signifies He took what was of a middle sort, between the good and the bad. (K.) وَسْط, with the س quiescent, is an adv. n.; [as such written وَسْطَ, meaning In the middle of: in the midst of; or among;] (S, M, IB, Mgh, K;) and it is for this reason that it has its middle letter quiescent, (S, IB,) like بَيْنَ (IB) with which it is syn.; (IB, Msb;) [for] it may be used in any case in which بَيْنَ may be substituted for it; (S, IAth, K;) and, like بَيْنَ, it does not denote a part of the thing denoted by the noun to which it is prefixed, wherein differing from ↓ وَسَط. (S, IB, K.) You say, جَلَسْتُ وَسْطَ القَوْمِ (S, IB, Msb) I sat [in the middle of, or in the midst of,] or among, the people, or company of men, (IB, Msb;) not being one of them. (IB.) And وَسْطَ رَأْسِهِ دُهْنٌ [In the middle of his head is oil]; not meaning a component part of the head. (IB.) And it is said in a trad.

الجَالِسُ وَسْطَ الحَلْقَةِ مَلْعُونٌ [The sitter in the midst of the ring is cursed]: for he must of necessity turn his back towards some of those who surround him, and so displease them; wherefore they curse him and revile him. (IAth.) b2: It may not [properly] be used as a decl. n., (IB,) i. e. as an inchoative, (Mgh,) nor as an agent, nor as an objective complement; (IB, Mgh) &c.; thus, also, differing from ↓ وَسَط; unless it have the adverbial particle [فِى] prefixed to it; in which case it has the sense of وَسَط, and you say, جَلَسْتُ فِى وَسْطِ القَوْمِ and فى وَسْطِ رَأْسِهِ دُهْنٌ [like as you say جَلَسْتُ وَسْطَ القَوْمِ and وَسْطَ رَأْسِهِ دُهنٌ, explained above]: and sometimes it is used as a subst., preserving the quiescence [and the adverbial form], like as بَيْنَ is used as a subst. though virtually an adv. n., in cases like that where it is said in the Kur, [vi. 94,] لَقَدْ تَقَطَّعَ بَيْنَكُمْ [meaning مَا بَيْنَكُمْ, or, as explained in the Expos. of the Jel., وَصْلُكُمْ بَيْنَكُمْ]: (IB:) or وَسْط is sometimes used for ↓ وَسَط, improperly; (S;) or it may be so used; (Msb;) or it is so used by poetic license; (M;) or, as some say, each of them may take the place of the other; and this seems the most likely: (IAth:) or one says وَسْط, with sukoon, only, of that whereof the component parts are separate, or distinct, (IAth, K *,) such as a number of men, and beasts of carriage, &c.; (IAth;) and ↓ وَسَط, (IAth,) or both, (K,) of that whereof the component parts are united, (IAth, K *,) such as a house, and the head, (IAth,) or such as a ring: (K:) it is related, as on the authority of Th, that الشَّىْءِ ↓ وَسَطُ and وسْطُهُ [both meaning The middle, or midst, of the thing] are said when the thing is solid; but when its component parts are separate, or distinct, the word is وَسْطٌ, with sukoon, exclusively. (M.) وَسَطٌ [The middle, midst, or middle part, of a thing; i. e.,] properly, the part of which several lateral, or outer, portions are equal; as, for instance, the middle finger: but also meaning the part which is surrounded, or enclosed, on its several sides, although unequally: (Msb:) or the part that is between the two sides or extremities of a thing; (M, IB, Mgh, K;) [or the part, or point, that is between every two opposite extremities of a thing; and properly when equidistant;] as, for instance, the centre of a circle: (Mgh:) as also ↓ أَوْسَطُ, (M, K,) which is [likewise] a subst., like أَفْكَلٌ and أَزْمَلٌ [but imperfectly decl. because originally an epithet]: (M:) وَسَطٌ has its middle letter with fet-h in order that it may agree in measure with its contr., which is طَرَفٌ; the like agreement being frequent: (IB:) and it is only used in cases in which بَيْنَ may not be substituted for it, herein [and in other respects, mentioned in the next preceding paragraph,] differing from وَسْط: (S, IB, K:) [respecting the similar and dissimilar usages of وَسَط and وَسّط, sufficient observations have been made in the next preceding paragraph, which see throughout, and more especially in its latter part:] the pl. of وَسَطٌ is أَوْسَاطٌ; and that of its syn. ↓ أَوْسَطُ is أَوَاسِطُ; or this may be a pl. of ↓ وَاسِطٌ, and originally وَوَاسِطُ. (M.) You say, جَلَسْتُ فِى

وَسَطِ الدَّارِ [I sat in the middle, or middle part, of the house]; (S, Mgh, Msb;) because وَسَط is a subst. (S.) And إِتَّسَعَ وَسَطُهُ [The middle, or middle part, thereof, became wide]. (Mgh, Msb.) And ضَرَبْتُ وَسَطَ رَأْسِهِ [I smote the middle, or middle part, of his head]. (Mgh, * Msb.) And كَسَرْتُ وَسَطَ الرُّمْحِ [I broke the middle, or middle part, of the spear]. (IB.) And وَسَطُهُ خَيْرٌ مِنْ طَرَفِهِ [The middle, or middle part, thereof is better than the extremity]. (Mgh, Msb.) And خَيَرُ الأُمُورِ أَوْسَاطُهَا The best of affairs, or actions, or cases, are such of them as are between two extremes. (M. [See R. Q. 1, in art. حق.]) It is sometimes put in the accus. case as an adv. n.; as in the saying, جَلَسْتُ وَسَطَ الدَّارِ; but this is an instance of departure from the original usage; and [the meaning is جَلَسْتُ فِى وَسَطِ الدَّارِ signifying as explained above; so that] it is not here syn. with بَيْنَ, like as وَسْطَ is. (IB.) b2: It is also used as an epithet: (IB, Mgh:) [as such signifying Middle; intermediate; midway, or equidistant, between the two extremities or extremes; in place, or position: but in this sense superseded in usage by ↓ أَوْسَطُ and ↓ وَاسِطٌ and ↓ مُتَوَسِّطٌ: and in time; but in this sense also superseded in usage by ↓ أَوْسَطُ:] middling; of middle sort, kind, or rate; (Msb;) as also ↓ أَوْسَطُ (S, * M, Mgh, Msb, K) and ↓ مُتَوَسِّطٌ (M, Mgh, Msb) and ↓ وَسُوطٌ (M, TA) [and ↓ وَسِيطٌ]; between good and bad; (Msb, TA;) as also ↓ أَوْسَطُ: (Msb:) conforming, or conformable, to the just mean; just; equitable: (Zj, S, K:) good; (Zj, M, Msb, K;) as also ↓ وَسِيطٌ: (M:) most conforming, or conformable, to the just mean; most just; most equitable; applied to what is so of a thing; (S, M, K;) whatever it be; (S, K;) as also ↓ أَوْسَطَ: (M:) best; (Msb;) as also ↓ أَوْسَطُ: (S, * Msb, K *:) most generous: (M:) and when used as an epithet, it is applied alike to a masc., fem., sing., dual, and pl., subst.: (Mgh:) the fem. of ↓ أَوْسَطُ is وُسْطَى; (Mgh, Msb;) and the pl. masc. أَوَاسِطُ; and pl. fem. وُسَطٌ. (Msb.) Hence, (Msb,) ↓ الإِصْبَعُ الوُسْطَى (S, Msb, K) The middle finger. (Msb.) And ↓ اليَوْمُ الأَوْسَطُ [The middle day]. (Msb.) And ↓ اللَّيْلَةُ الوُسْطَى [The middle night. (Msb.) And ↓ العَشَرَةُ الأَوَاسِطُ, meaning The [ten middle] days. (Msb.) And العَشْرُ

↓ الوُسَطُ, meaning The [ten middle nights: not ↓ العَشْرُ الأَوْسَطُ; for this is a vulgar mistake, into which relaters of traditions have fallen; or it may be a mistake of transcription. (Msb.) and ↓ الصَّلٰوةُ الوُسْطَى, (M, Mgh, &c.,) mentioned in the Kur, [ii. 239,] (M, K,) meaning The middle prayer (Bd, TA) between the other prayers, (Bd,) or between the prayers of the night and the day; (TA;) or the most excellent of them in particular: (Bd:) i. e. the prayer of the afternoon; ('Alee Ibn-Abee-Tálib, I'Ab, and others, Mgh, Bd, K;) because the prophet said, on the day of the Ahzáb, “they have diverted us from الصلوة الوسطى, the prayer of the afternoon: ” (Bd:) or the prayer of daybreak; (also said to be on the authority of 'Alee, Mgh, Bd, K;) because it is between the prayers of the night and the day; (Bd;) for the saying of the prophet mentioned above does not contravene this and other assertions, since what is meant in the trad. is not what is meant in the Kur: (K:) or, (M, K,) accord. to Abu-l-Hasan, (M,) the prayer of Friday; (M, K;) because it is the most excellent of the prayers; (M;) and he who says otherwise errs, unless he trace up the assertion to the prophet: (M, K:) these three opinions are of the strongest authority; (B;) and the first is that which commonly obtains: (Mgh:) or the prayer of noon; (Mgh, Bd, Msb, K;) because it is in the middle of the day: (Bd:) or the prayer of Friday on the day thereof; but on other days the prayer of noon: (K, and also said to be on the authority of 'Alec:) or the prayer of sunset: (Mgh, Bd, K:) or the prayer of nightfall: (Bd, K:) or [the night-prayer called] الوِتْر: (K:) or the prayer of the breaking of the fast: (K:) or the prayer of sacrifices: (K:) or the prayer of the period called the ضُحَى: (K:) or the prayer of the congregation: (K:) or the prayer of fear: (K:) or the prayers of nightfall and daybreak together: (K, and said to be on the authorities of 'Omar and 'Othmán:) or the prayers of daybreak and the afternoon together: (K:) or any of the five prayers; because before it are two prayers and after it are two prayers: (K:) or all the divinely-appointed prayers: (K:) or certain prayers not particularized: (K:) or prayer of middling length, between long and short. (K.) Hence also, شَىْءٌ وَسَطٌ A middling thing; a thing of middle sort or kind; (Msb;) between good and bad; (S, Msb;) as also ↓ أَوْسَطُ: (Msb:) and in like manner it is applied to a male slave, and a female slave, (Msb,) and two male slaves, and two sheep or goats. (Mgh.) And مَا تُطْعِمُونَ ↓ مِنْ أَوْسَطِ

أَهْلِيكُمْ, in the Kur, [v. 91,] Of the middle sort of that which ye give for food to your families, (Mgh, Msb,) between what is prodigal and what is niggardly. (Mgh.) And ↓ النَّمَطُ الأَوْسَطُ The middle class of men: occurring in a saying of 'Alee, cited in full in art. غط. (M.) And عَلِّمْنِى

↓ دِينًا وَسُوطا Teach thou to me a religion of the middle sort: occurring in a saying of an Arab of the desert to El-Hasan, cited in full voce فَرَطَ. (M, TA.) And جَعَلْنَاكُمْ أَمَّةً وَسَطًا, in the Kur, [ii. 137,] (S, Mgh, Msb,) [We have made you to be a nation] conforming, or conformable, to the just mean; just; equitable: (Zj, S, IB, Bd, K:) or good. (Zj, Bd, Msb, K.) And مَرْعًى

وَسَطٌ Choice pasturage. (M.) And رَجُلٌ وَسَطٌ A good man; as also ↓ وَسِيطٌ: (M:) or a man having good grounds of pretension to respect. (TA.) And فِى قَوْمِهِ ↓ فُلَانٌ وَسِيطٌ, (S, K *,) or بَيْنَهُمْ, (as in some copies of the K,) Such a one is the best of his people (↓ أَوْسَطُهُمْ) in race, and the highest of them in station. (S, K.) and الدَّارِ وَالحَسَبِ ↓ فُلَانٌ وَسِيطُ [Such a one is of good quality, or of the best quality, in respect of tribe, and of grounds of pretension to honour]. (Lth.) And هُوَ مِنْ وَسَطِ قَوْمِهِ, and ↓ من أَوْسَطِهِمْ, He is of the best of his people. (Msb.) And in like manner, هُوَ مِنْ وَسَطِ الشَّىْءِ, and ↓ من أَوْسَطِهِ, It is of the best of the thing. (Msb.) And قَالَ

↓ أَوْسَطُهُمْ in the Kur, lxviii. 28, The best of them said: (Jel:) or the most rightly directed, of them, to the truth: (Msb:) or it means ↓ أَوْسَطُهُمْ رَأْيًا [the most remote, of them, from either extreme, in judgment]; or سِنًّا [in age]. (Bd.) وَسُوطٌ: see وَسَطٌ, as an epithet, in two places.

وَسِيطٌ: see وَسَطٌ, as an epithet, in five places. b2: A mediator, or an intercessor, for the purpose of accommodation, (O, K,) between people, (O,) or between two persons engaged in mutual altercation or litigation. (K.) وَسَاطَةٌ [originally an inf. n.: (see 1:) b2: and hence, as a subst., Mediation, or intercession]. (S, K: see 5.) b3: وَسَاطَةُ الدَّنَانِيرِ The best of deenárs. (TA.) وَسِيطَةٌ A mean, or means: pl. وَسَائِطُ.]

وَاسِطٌ: see وَسَطٌ, as a subst., and also as an epithet. b2: وَاسِطُ الكُورِ, (Lth, S, K,) or الرَّحْلِ, (ISh, Az, M,) and ↓ وَاسِطَتُهُ, (Lth, M, K,) and ↓ مَوْسِطَتُهُ, (Lh, M, [or perhaps ↓ مُوسِطَتُهُ, corresponding to ↓ مُؤْخِرَتُهُ,]) The fore-part of the camel's saddle: (S, K:) accord. to Lth, (Az, TA,) the part, of the camel's saddle, which is between the تَادِمَة and the آخِرَة; (Az, M, L;) but this is a mistake; (Az, L;) for the واسط of the camel's saddle is one of the شَرْخَانِ, (ISh, Az, L,) which are its two extremities, [or upright pieces of wood,] like the قَرَبُوسُانِ of the horse's saddle, (Az, L,) between which the rider sits; (ISh, Az, L;) it is the extremity which is next to the head of the camel; (Az, L;) the tall forepart next to the breast of the rider, (ISh, Az, L,) against which the breast of the rider sometimes strikes; (TA, in art. نحز;) the آخِرةَ being the extremity which is next to the tail of the camel; (Az, L;) the hinder part of the saddle, which is its tall and broad piece of wood that is against (تُحَاذِى) the head of the rider: (ISh, Az, L:) the former of these is not called واسط as being a middle part between the آخرة and the قادمة, as Lth says; nor has the camel's saddle any [part called] قادمة. (Az, L.) b3: الوَاسِطُ also signifies The piece of wood that is in the middle, between the two pieces called the عِضَادَتَانِ, in the yoke that is upon the neck of a bull which draws a cart or the like. (L in art. عضذ.) وَاسِطَةٌ The jewel that is in the middle of a قِلَادَة [or necklace], which is the best thereof; (S;) the large pearl (دُرَّة) that is in the middle thereof, which is the most precious of the beads thereof. (L.) b2: [In modern Arabic, A means of doing a thing. You say, بِوَاسِطَةِ كَذَا By means of such a thing. b3: Also, An intermediary, interposer, or agent between parties; a go-between.] b4: See also وَاسِطٌ. b5: هُوَ فِى

وَاسِطَةٍ مِنَ العَيْشِ (assumed tropical:) He is in a good condition of life. (Er-Rághib, TA, in art. حف.) أَوْسَطُ; fem. وُسْطَى; pl. masc. أَوَاسِطُ; pl. fem.

وُسَطٌ: see وَسَطٌ, as a subst., in two places; and as an epithet, throughout.

مُوسَطٌ What is in the middle of a بَيْت [i. e. house, or tent, &c.], particularly. (Ibn-'Abbád, K.) مَوْسِطَةٌ, or مُوسِطَةٌ: see وَاسِطٌ.

قَتَلَ فُلَانًا مُوَسَّطًا He slew such a one cut [in the middle, or midst,] in two halves. (TA.) [This mode of slaughter, termed تَوْسِيطٌ, was often practised under the rule of the Egyptian Sultáns; many instances thereof being mentioned by ElMakreezee and other historians. See De Sacy's Chrest. Ar., 2nd ed., vol. i. p. 468.]

مُتَوَسِّطٌ: see وَسَطٌ, as an epithet, in two places.