عرن

1 عَرَنَ البَعِيرَ, aor. (S, K) and عَرِنَ, (K,) inf. n. عَرْنٌ, (S, TA,) He put the wooden thing called عِرَان [q. v.] into the nose of the camel. (S, K.) b2: And عُرِنَ, like عُنِىَ, He (a camel, TA) had a complaint of his nose arising from the عِرَان [above mentioned]. (K.) A2: عَرَنَ السَّهْمَ, (K,) [aor. ـُ inf. n. عَرْنٌ, (TA,) He bound, or wound, a sinew upon the socket of the head of the arrow. (K.) A3: And عَرَنَ, (K,) aor. ـُ (TK,) inf. n. عُرُونٌ, (TA,) is syn. with مَرَنَ, (K,) inf. n. مُرُونٌ, (TA,) i. e. He became accustomed, or habituated; as in the phrase عَرَنَ عَلَى الشَّىْءِ [he became accustomed, or habituated, to the thing]. (TK.) A4: عَرَنَتِ الدَّارُ, (so in copies of the K,) or عَرِنَت, (so accord. to the TK,) inf. n. عِرَانٌ, The house, or dwelling, or abode, was, or became, distant, or remote, (K, TA,) and in a quarter, or direction, that he who loved it did not desire. (TA.) A5: عَرِنَتْ, (S, K,) aor. ـَ inf. n. عَرَنٌ, (TA,) said of the hind leg of a horse, or similar beast, (S,) or said of such a beast itself, (TK, [and this is plainly indicated in the K,]) It had the disease termed عَرَن (S, K) and عُرْنَة and عِرَان. (K.) b2: And عَرِنَ, aor. ـ, inf. n. عَرَنٌ, is said of a camel as meaning He had the disease termed عَرَن expl. below on the authority of ISk. (S.) 2 عرّن الرُّمْحَ is app. said, as meaning He nailed its head to the shaft of the spear: see the pass. part. n., مُعَرَّنٌ, below.]4 اعرن He (a man) continually ate what is termed عَرَن, meaning cooked flesh-meat. (IAar, K, * TA.) A2: And He had the shanks of his young weaned camels much cracked or chapped. (K.) b2: And He had the حِكَّة, [i. e. mange, or scab, or dry mange or scab], (K, TA,) or, as ISk says, purulent pustules (قَرْح) that arise in the neck and occasion a scratching or scraping, (TA, [see عَرَنٌ,]) among his camels. (K, TA.) عِرْنٌ: see the next paragraph, latter half: A2: and see also عِرْنَةٌ, last sentence but one.

عَرَنٌ A callousness in the hind leg of a horse or similar beast, above the pastern, in the hinder part thereof; and it is what is called شُقَاق [q. v.]: and, as ISk says, purulent pustules (قَرْح) that arise in the neck of a camel, in consequence of which he scratches, or scrapes, himself, and sometimes he lies down against the stem of a tree and scratches, or scrapes, himself therewith; and its cure, he says, is the burning of fat upon him. (S:) and an eruption like pustules, or purulent pustules, in the necks of young weaned camels, in consequence of which they scratch, or scrape, themselves: (IB, TA:) or, as also ↓ عُرْنَةٌ and ↓ عِرَانٌ, a certain disease in the hinder part of the hind leg of a horse or similar beast, (K, TA,) like an abrasion in the skin, (TA,) causing the hair to fall off: or a cracking, or chapping, (K, TA,) incident to horse, (TA,) in their fore legs and their hind legs: or a callousness that arises in the pastern of a horse (K, TA) or similar beast, and in the place of its fetlock, in the hinder part, and a شُقَاق [q. v.] that betides it from the kicking against a mountain or stone. (TA.) A2: Also The foul smell, or foulness [of the hands] with the smell, of flesh-meat and its grease; syn. غَمَرٌ: (K:) so in the saying, أَجِدُ رَائِحَةَ عَرَنِ يَدَيْكَ [I perceive the odour of the foulness of thy hands with the smell of flesh-meat and its grease]: (IAar, TA:) or عَرَنٌ signifies the odour of flesh-meat that has عَرْم [i. e. grease, or gravy]: and also i. q. عَرْم [itself, q. v.]. (TA.) And The odour of cooked flesh-meat; (Kr, K;) as also ↓ عِرْنٌ. (K.) And A mark, or relic, [or soil,] of broth upon the hand of the cater. (El-Hejeree, TA.) And Cooked flesh-meat: (IAar, K:) or, as some say, flesh, or flesh-meat, in an absolute sense. (TA.) b2: And Smoke. (K.) A3: Also A species of tree, with which one tans. (K.) Dioscorides asserts the عرن to be A plant having leaves resembling those of the small lentil, except that they are longer than they, and having a stem about a span tall, and a red flower, and a small root; growing in neglected, or uncultivated, places: a poultice of its leaves with olive-oil is sudorific; its bruised leaves applied as a poultice act as a discutient to wounds and inflamed pustules; and taken in a beverage. or sirup, they cure the dribbling of the urine. (Avicenna, i. e. Ibn-Seenà book ii. p. 235.) عَرِنٌ the masc. epithet applied to a horse, or similar beast, signifying Having the disease termed عَرَن [q. v.]: (TA:) the fem. epithet having this meaning is عَرِنَةٌ; with which ↓ عَرُونٌ is syn. (K, TA.) A2: Also One who keeps close to the يَاسِر [or slaughterer, or superintendent of the slaughtering and of the division, of the camel for the game called المَيْسِر], in order that he may eat of the slaughtered camel. (K.) عُرْنَةٌ: see عَرَنٌ, former half. b2: عُرْنَتَانِ signifies Two specks, or spots, above the eye of a dog: so in a trad. in which men are commanded to kill every dog that is entirely black having عرنتان. (TA.) عِرْنَةٌ One who prostrates, or throws down, his antagonists much, or often; with whom one cannot cope: (S, K, TA: [in the CK, الصَرِيعُ is erroneously put for الصِّرِّيعُ:]) accord. to IB, as signifying صِرِّيعٌ, it is used in commendation: Fr says that when a man is one who prostrates, or throws down, his antagonists much, or often, abominable, wicked, or crafty, [with whom one cannot cope,] it is said that he is عِرْنَةٌ لَا يُطَاقُ. (TA.) b2: Also A man coarse, rough, or rude, and niggardly. (TA.) b3: And One who serves houses, or tents. (TA.) A2: Also The roots of the عَرَنْتُن, (AA, S, TA, in the K, erroneously, of the عِرْنِين, TA,) which is a plant used for tanning. (S in art. عرتن.) b2: And The wood of the ظِمَخ, (S, K,) a species of tree, (S, TA,) having the form of the دُلْب [or plane-tree], (TA,) with which skins for water or milk are tanned, (S, K,) and from which is cut the wood of the beaters and washers and whiteners of clothes, which is buried: accord. to ISk, [but the same is also said of the عَرْتُن,] it is a species of tree resembling the عَوْسَج [or box-thorn], except that it is bigger than it, full and luxuriant in the branch, and not having tall stems: (TA:) or it is called ↓ عِرْنٌ, [which is a coll. gen. n.,] and عِرْنَةٌ is the n. un. (AA, T in art. ظمخ.) And [it is also expl. as signifying] The piece of wood of the beaters and washers and whiteners of clothes upon which the beating is performed with that which is called the مِيجَنَة. (IKh, TA.) عِرْنِينٌ The first part or portion of anything. (S, Msb, K.) b2: And hence, (Msb,) [particularly,] the first [or upper] part [i. e. the bridge] of the nose, beneath the place where the eyebrows come together; the place of what is termed الشَّمَمُ: (S, Msb, TA:) or the head of the nose: (TA:) or the hard part of the bone of the nose: (K:) or it signifies, (K,) or is sometimes applied to, (Msb,) the nose, (Msb, K,) altogether: (K:) pl. عَرَانِينُ. (TA.) One says, هُمْ شُمُّ العَرَانِينِ [They are high in respect of the noses, or of the bridges thereof; often meaning (assumed tropical:) they are haughty, or disdainful]. (S, Msb.) And one of the learned has used it metaphorically, saying, وَأَصْبَحَ الدَّهْرُ ذُو العِرْنِينِ قَدْ جُدِعَا [lit. And nosed fortune became mutilated in the nose; by nosed being app. meant (assumed tropical:) haughty, or disdainful; and by mutilated in the nose, (assumed tropical:) marred, or abased]. (TA.) Hence also, عَرَانِينُ السَّحَابِ The first of the rains of the clouds. (TA.) b3: And (tropical:) A noble chief: (K, TA:) عَرَانِينُ signifies (tropical:) the chiefs, (S, TA,) and noble, (TA,) of a people, or party, (S,) or of the people, or of men. (TA.) عِرَانٌ A piece of wood, or stick, which is inserted in the partition between the nostrils of a camel (S, K) of the species called بُخْتِىّ. (S. [See also خِشَاشٌ.]) b2: And (hence, as being likened thereto, TA) The wooden thing [app. meaning the pin, or axis,] of the sheave of a pulley, (S, K, TA,) by which the خُطَّاف [or iron thing in which is the pin whereon the sheave turns] is made firm: (S, TA:) pl. أَعْرِنَةٌ. (TA.) b3: And A nail; (S, K, TA;) accord. to El-Hejeree, that conjoins the spear-head and the shaft. (TA.) And A horn. (K.) A2: Also Trees occupying an extended, or oblong, tract. (TA.) b2: And Roads: in this sense a pl. having no singular. (TA.) A3: See also عَرِينٌ.

A4: And see عَرَنٌ, former half.

A5: Also Distance, or remoteness, (S, K,) of a house, or dwelling, or abode. (S.) b2: And [hence,] دَارٌ عِرَانٌ (TA) and ↓ دَارٌ عَارِنَةٌ (S) A distant, or remote, house or dwelling or abode; (S, TA;) and دِيَارٌ عِرَانٌ and ↓ دِيَارٌ عَارِنَةٌ distant, or remote, houses &c.; (K, TA;) عِرَانٌ being an inf. n. used as an epithet [and therefore applicable to a pl. and to a fem. as well as a masc. sing.]: ISd says, it is not in my opinion a pl., as the lexicologists hold it to be. (TA.) A6: Also Fight, or conflict. (K.) عَرُونٌ: see عَرِنٌ.

عَرِينٌ A collection of trees, (S, Msb, K, TA,) tangled, or luxuriant, or abundant and dense; a thicket, wood, or forest: (TA:) this is the primary signification; (S, Msb, TA;) whether there be in it a lion or not. (TA.) And [particularly] A collection of thorn-trees, (K, TA,) and of such as are called عِضَاه; whether there be a lion therein or not. (TA.) b2: And [hence], as also ↓ عَرِينَةٌ, The covert, or place of resort, of the lion, (S, Msb, K,) and of the hyena, as also ↓ عِرَانٌ, and of the wolf, and of the serpent: and the former signifies also the burrow of the [lizard called]

ضَبّ: pl. عُرُنٌ. (K, TA.) b3: And (hence, TA) عَرِينٌ signifies also (tropical:) An open, or a wide, space, in front, or extending from the sides, of a house, [in this case meaning a yard,] and of a town, as, for instance, in this latter case, of Mekkeh, occurring in this sense in a trad., likened to the place of resort of the lion, because of its resistibility. (TA.) b4: And (hence also, TA) (tropical:) Eminence, or nobility; and might, strength, or resistibility. (K, TA.) A2: Also Such as is dry and broken of the [trees called] عِضَاه. (K.) A3: And Flesh: (S, K:) so it is said to signify. (S.) b2: And The prey of the lion, or the like. (K.) A4: And The cry of the [dove called] فَاخِتَة: (K, TA:) so in the T in art. عزهل. (TA.) عَرِينَةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

عُرَانِيَةٌ The crests, or upper parts, of waves, rising high; as in the phrase, مَآءٌ ذُو عُرَانِيَةٍ, (S, TA,) meaning water having many and high waves or billows or surges; (TA;) used by 'Adee Ibn-Zeyd in describing the flood of Noah: (S:) or the middle, and main body, or deepest part, of the sea: and the flow, or extending, of a torrent. (K.) عَرَّانٌ A seller of the wood called عِرْنَة. (TA.) عَارِنٌ: see its fem., with ة, voce عِرَانٌ, last sentence but one, in two places.

A2: العَارِنُ The lion: (K:) [app. a possessive epithet, meaning ذُو العَرِينِ: but he is said to be thus called] because of his abominable nature, and his strength. (TA.) مُعَرَّنٌ A spear having its head nailed [to the shaft] with the nail called عِرَان. (S, K.) A2: See also the following paragraph.

مَعْرُونٌ A camel having the wooden thing called عِرَان [q. v.] put into his nose. (TA.) A2: Also, applied to a سِقَآء [or skin for water or milk], Tanned with the wood called عِرْنَة; (S, K, TA;) and so ↓ مُعَرَّنٌ. (TA.) And, so applied, Tanned with the tree called عَرَن. (TA.)

عمن

1 عَمَنَ بِالمَكَانِ, (S, Msb, K,) aor. ـِ and عَمِنَ, aor. ـَ (K;) inf. n. عَمْنٌ; (TK;) He remained, stayed, dwelt, or abode, in the place. (S, Msb, K.) 2 عَمَّنَ see the next paragraph.4 اعمن, (S, K,) and ↓ عمّن, (K,) He (a man, S) betook himself, or repaired, to, or towards, [the region of] 'Omán (عُمَان): (S, K: * [accord. to the K, app., عَمَّان, a town of Syria; but correctly عُمَان, as is clearly shown by quotations from poets in the TA:]) or he entered it: (K:) and also, (K,) or the former verb, accord. to AA, (TA,) he continued to remain, stay, dwell, or abide, (K, TA,) there. (TA. [For دَامَ عَلَى المُقَامِ, in this last explanation, the CK has قامَ على

المَقامِ.]) عَمَّنْ a contraction of عَنْ مَنْ.]

عَمُونٌ and ↓ عَامِنٌ, (TA,) and the pl. عُمُنٌ, [pl. of عَمُونٌ accord. to analogy, like صُبُرٌ pl. of صَبُورٌ,] (IAar, K, TA,) Residing, staying, dwelling, or abiding, (IAar, K, TA,) in a place. (IAar, TA.) عَمِينَةٌ Plain, or soft, land; (K, TA;) of the dial. of El-Yemen. (TA.) عُمَانِيَّةٌ A sort of palm-tree in El-Basrah, that ceases not to have upon it, during the year, (K, TA,) i. e. all the year, (TA,) new spadixes, and racemes putting forth fruit, and others bearing ripe dates. (K, TA.) عَامِنٌ [act. part. n. of 1]: see عَمُونٌ.

طهر

1 طَهَرَ and طَهُرَ, (S, A, Msb, K,) aor. of each ـُ (Msb, K,) inf. n. طَهَارَةٌ, (S, Msb, K,) which is of each verb, (S, Msb,) and طُهْرٌ, (Sb, K,) or the latter is a simple subst., (S, Msb,) It was, or became, clean, free from dirt or filth, or pure. (A, * Msb, K. *) طهارة is of two kinds; [properly] corporeal and [tropically] spiritual. (TA.) b2: And طَهَرَتْ, (M, Mgh, K,) or طَهَرَتْ مِنَ الحَيْضِ, aor. ـُ (Msb;) and طَهُرَتْ, (M, Msb, K,) which is allowable, (IAar,) but of rare occurrence, (Msb,) and طَهِرَتْ, [which is of more rare occurrence;] (M, El-Isnawee;) inf. n. طُهْرٌ and طَهَارَةٌ and طُهُورٌ and طَهُورٌ; (TA;) She was, or became, pure from the menstrual discharge; (Mgh;) her discharge of blood stopped. (Mgh, K.) See also 5. The saying, إِنَّ الشَّاةَ تَقْذِى عَشْرًا ثُمَّ تَطْهُرُ [Verily the ewe, or she-goat, emits a white fluid from her womb during ten nights, and then becomes pure,] is mentioned on the authority of Lh: but ISd says, whether he mentioned this as heard from the Arabs, or did so presumptuously, I know not. (TA.) A2: طَهَرَهُ, aor. ـَ (K,) inf. n. طَهْرٌ,) (TK,) signifies He made it, or caused it, to be, or become, distant, or remote; syn. أَبْعَدَهُ: (O, K:) and so طَحَرَهُ; (O, TA;) the ح being substituted for ه. (TA.) 2 طهّرهُ, inf. n. تَطْهِيرٌ, [He cleansed, or purified, him, or it:] (S:) and طهّرهُ بِالمَآءِ he washed him, or it, with water: (K:) and ↓ أَطْهَرَهُ signifies the same as طهّرهُ. (Bd in lvi. 78.) b2: طَهِّرَا بَيْتِى, in the Kur [ii. 119], Cleanse ye my house [the Kaabeh] of the idols (Aboo-Is-hák, Bd, Jel) and impurities; and what does not become it: (Bd:) or clear ye it: (Bd:) or cleanse ye my house from [pollution by] disobediences and forbidden actions: (Az:) or, accord. to some, it means an incitement to purify the heart. (TA.) b3: وَثِيَابَكَ فَطَهِّرْ, in the Kur [lxxiv. 4], means And cleanse thy clothes from dirt: (Jel:) or shorten thy clothes, to prevent their being rendered dirty by trailing along the ground: (Jel, TA:) or (assumed tropical:) purify thy heart: or (assumed tropical:) thy soul: or (assumed tropical:) make thy conduct right: (TA:) and see other explanations voce ثَوْبٌ. b4: طهّر وَلَدَهُ (assumed tropical:) He performed the rite of circumcision upon his son [and so purified him]. (TA.) b5: طهّرهُ اللّٰهُ (tropical:) [God purified him from sin]. (A.) b6: طهّرهُ الحَدُّ (assumed tropical:) The prescribed punishment, such as stoning &c., cleansed him from his sin. (TA.) b7: لَمْ يُرِدِ اللّٰهُ أَنْ يُطَهِّرَ قُلُوبَهُمْ, in the Kur [v. 45], means (assumed tropical:) God hath not pleased to cleanse their hearts from infidelity: (Bd, Jel:) or to direct. (TA.) 4 أَطْهَرَ see 2, first sentence.5 تطهّر, inf. n. تَطَهُّرٌ, is sometimes changed into اِطَّهَّرَ, inf. n. اِطَّهُّرٌ, the ت being incorporated into the ط, and this requiring a conjunctive ا, (Sgh, K,) in order that the word may not begin with a quiescent letter: (Sgh:) and طَهُورٌ is also an inf. n. [or rather a quasi-inf. n.] (Sb, K) of تَطَهَّرَ, (Mgh, TA,) like as وَضُوْءٌ is [said to be] of تَوَضَّأَ. (TA.) The meaning is, [He became cleansed, or purified: or he cleansed, or purified, himself: and] he washed himself. (Mgh.) Yousay, تطهّر بِالمَآءِ [He cleansed, or purified, or washed, himself with water]: (S:) he performed the ablution termed الوُضُوْء: and that termed الاِسْتِنْجَآء; (A;) as also تطهّر alone, as used in the Kur ix. 109: (Mgh, TA:) and the same verb, alone, is expl. as signifying he made use of water, or what supplied its place; thus used in the Kur v. 9. (TA.) In the Kur vii. 80 and xxvii. 57, the verb is used derisively. (TA.) You say also, تطهّرت, (Mgh, Msb, K,) and اِطَّهَّرَتْ, (Mgh,) meaning, She cleansed, or purified, herself by washing, from [the pollution of] the menstrual discharge, (Mgh, Msb, K,) &c.; (K;) as also ↓ طَهَرَتْ and طَهُرَتْ; (Msb, * K;) agreeably with what is said in the B, that طَهَرَ and طَهُرَ and اطّهّر and تطهّر have the same signification: (TA:) or تطهّرت and اطّهّرت have this signification; but the unaugmented verb has the signification first assigned to it, or “ her discharge of blood stopped: ” (Abu-l-'Abbás, IAar:) in the Kur ii. 222, some read حَتَّى يَطْهُرْنَ; and others, حَتَّى يَطَّهَّرْنَ: but the latter reading is the preferable, on account of the difference between the two forms of the verb, just mentioned: (Abu-l-'Abbás:) or the law which allows not the touching a woman until she has performed the ablution mentioned above shows the two forms of the verb to be the same in signification. (TA.) b2: Also (tropical:) He removed himself far from unclean things, or impurities. (S, Mgh, K. *) b3: (tropical:) He refrained from sin, (K, TA,) and from what was not good: (TA:) he removed himself far from low, or ignoble, habits: and in this sense, accord. to some, it is used in the Kur vii.80 and xxvii. 57. (TA.) And تطهّر مِنَ الإِثْمِ (tropical:) He removed himself far from sin. (A.) طُهْرٌ [see 1: b2: ] Cleanness; freedom from dirt or filth; or pureness. (S, * Msb.) b3: The state of pureness from the menstrual discharge: (S, A, Mgh, Msb:) pl. أَطْهَارٌ. (A, Msb.) And the pl. signifies The days of a woman's state of pureness from the menstrual discharge. (K.) طَهِرٌ: see طَاهِرٌ, in three places.

طُهْرَةٌ a subst. from التَّطْهِيرُ [and signifying A cleansing, or purification: and in this sense it was applied by the Christians to baptism]: (Mgh:) or from طَهَّرَهُ بِالمَآءِ [and signifying a cleansing, or purification, by water]: (K:) or cleanness, or pureness. (TK.) طَهُورٌ inf. n. of 1; as also طُهُورٌ: (TA:) and inf. n. [or rather quasi-inf. n.] of 5. (Sb, Mgh, TA.) b2: A thing [such as water] with which one cleanses or purifies: (T, S, Mgh, Msb, K:) a word similar to فَطُورٌ and سَحُورٌ and وَقُودٌ: (S:) and the author of the “ Matáli' el-Anwár ” mentions طُهُورٌ also in this sense; but this is strange and anomalous: (En-Nawawee:) the former occurs in the Kur xxv. 50: (S:) or it signifies water with which the ablution termed وُضُوْء is performed: (A, IAth:) or it has the signification next following. (K.) It is said, التَّوْبَةُ طَهُورٌ لِلْمُذْنِبِ (tropical:) [Repentance is a means of purifying the sinner, or criminal]. (A.) Lth says that it is that which is [accompanied] by the execution of the prescribed punishment, such as stoning &c. (TA.) [See also مَطْهَرَةٌ.]

A2: It is also an epithet, (Mgh, TA,) and signifies Clean and cleansing, or pure and purifying: (Th, T, Mgh, Msb:) whatever God has created descending from the sky, or welling forth from the earth as a spring or river or sea, in which a human being does nothing but drawing water, and of which the colour is not changed by anything mixing with it, nor the taste thereby, is طَهُور: and what is otherwise, as the water of roses and of the leaves of trees, and what flows from the grape-vine, though it be طَاهِر, is not طَهُور: (Esh-Sháfi'ee:) the former removes impurities: the latter, if not at the same time طَهُور, does not: (TA:) or very clean or pure: (A, Msb:) the explanation by Th, if meant to show that the word signifies of the utmost cleanness or pureness, is correct and good: otherwise, it is not so; for فَعُولٌ is not formed from تَفْعِيلٌ: (Mgh, O:) it is also explained as signifying, simply, cleansing, or purifying: (B, TA:) also as syn. with طَاهِرٌ, as in the phrase رِيقُهُنَّ طَهُورٌ [their saliva is pure]: but here it is either an intensive epithet or used for طَاهِرٌ for the sake of the measure. (Msb.) طَهِيرٌ: see طَاهِرٌ, in two places.

طَهَارَةٌ [see 1. b2: ] The act of performing the ablution termed الغُسْل, and that termed الوُضُوْء, and that termed الاِسْتِنْجَآء. (Msb, TA.) طُهَارَةٌ What remains of that with which one has performed the ablution termed طَهَارَة. (TA.) طَهُورِيَّةٌ The quality of being طَهُور. (Msb.) طَاهِرٌ Clean; free from dirt or filth; or pure; (Msb, K;) as also ↓ طَهِرٌ (IAar, K) and ↓ طَهِيرٌ: (M, K:) fem. طَاهِرَةٌ: (S, A, Msb:) pl. (of طَاهِرٌ, TA) أَطْهَارٌ (K) and طَهَارَى, (S, K,) which latter is anomalous, as though its sing. were طَهْرَانُ, (S,) and, applied to men, طَاهِرُونَ: (TA:) and (of ↓ طَهِرٌ, TA) طَهِرُونَ; (K;) the only form; there being no broken pl.: (TA:) and of طَاهِرَةٌ, طَاهِرَاتٌ (TA) and طَوَاهِرُ. (A.) You say, رَجُلٌ طَاهِرٌ and ↓ طَهِيرٌ [A clean, or pure, man]. (O.) And اِمْرَأَةٌ طَاهِرَةٌ مِنَ النَّجَاسَةِ [A woman pure from dirt or filth]. (S.) And مَآءٌ طَاهِرٌ Clean, or pure, water: and also, fit to cleanse or purify with. (Msb.) And ثِيَابٌ طَهَارَى [Clean clothes]. (S.) [See also طَهُورٌ.] b2: Pure from the menstrual discharge; in this sense without ة: (IAar:) as also طَاهِرٌ مِنَ الحَيْضِ. (S, Msb.) b3: هُوَ طَاهِرُ العِرْضِ (assumed tropical:) He is clear from vice, or fault. (Msb.) اِمْرَأَةٌ طَاهِرَةٌ مِنَ العُيُوبِ (assumed tropical:) [A woman pure from vices, or the like]. (S.) and رَجُلٌ طَاهِرُ الثِّيَابِ, (S, A, TA,) and طَاهِرُ الأَثْوَابِ, (TA,) (tropical:) A man free, or far-removed, from low, or ignoble, habits: (S, * A, TA:) and in like manner, طَاهِرُ الخُلُقِ, and الخُلُقِ ↓ طَهِرُ: fem. طَاهِرَة. (TA.) أَطْهَرُ [More, and most, clean or pure]. b2: [Hence,] هُنَّ أَطْهَرُ لَكُمْ [Kur xi. 80] (assumed tropical:) They are more lawful to you. (O, TA.) مَطْهَرَةٌ and مِطْهَرَةٌ, (S, A, K, &c.,) the former of which is the more approved, (S,) A vessel, (A, K,) or any vessel, (Mgh, Msb,) [for purification, i. e.,] with which one washes himself, (A, Mgh, Msb, K,) and performs the ablution termed وُضُوْء, such as a سَطْل, or رَكْوَة: (TA:) and (A, Mgh, Msb, K) i. q. إِدَاوَةٌ [a kind of leathern vessel for water]: (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K:) pl. مَطَاهِرُ. (S, Msb.) Hence, [or from مَطْهَرَةٌ as signifying, agreeably with analogy, A means of cleansing or purifying,] the saying, (Msb,) السِّوَاكُ مَطْهَرَةٌ لِلْفَمِ [The tooth-stick is a means of purifying to the mouth]. (S, Msb.) b2: Also A house, or chamber, in which one washes himself, (K, TA,) and performs the ablutions termed وُضُوْء and غُسْل and اِسْتِنْجَآء. (TA.) صُحُفًا مُطَهَّرَةً, in the Kur [xcviii. 2], signifies Writings cleansed from impurities and falsehood. (TA.) b2: And أَزْوَاجٌ مُطَهَّرَةٌ, in the same [ii. 23], Wives purified from the pollution of the menstrual discharge and the other natural evacuations. (O, TA.) b3: And لَا يَمَسُّهُ إِلَّا المُطَهَّرُونَ, in the same [lvi. 78], is said by some to mean, (assumed tropical:) None shall attain to the knowledge of its true meanings except those who have purified themselves from the filth of corrupt conduct, and ignorances, and acts of disobedience. (TA.) وَمُطَهِّرُكَ مِنَ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا, in the Kur [iii. 48], signifies And will take thee forth from those who have disbelieved, and make thee to be far from doing as they do. (TA.) وَيُحِبُّ المُتَطَهِّرِينَ, in the Kur [ii. 222], signifies And He loveth those who purify their spirits. (TA.) طهو and طهى 1 طَهَا, aor. ـْ and يَطْهَى, inf. n. طَهْوٌ (S, K) and طُهُوٌّ (K) and طَهْىٌ, (S, [so in both of my copies,]) or طُهِىٌّ, (K,) and طَهَايَةٌ, thus app. accord. to the K, [and thus in my MS. copy and in the CK,) but in the M with kesr [i. e. طِهَايَةٌ], (TA,) He cooked flesh-meat in the manner termed طَبْخ [meaning by boiling or stewing or the like], (S, K,) or by roasting or broiling or frying: (K:) and [he made, or kneaded and baked, bread; for] الطَّهْوُ signifies also الخَبْرُ. (TA.) b2: [And hence, (assumed tropical:) He performed, or executed, an affair firmly, soundly, or thoroughly; and matured it: see the pass. part. n., below; and see also طَهْوٌ.]

A2: And طَهَا, (S, K,) inf. n. طَهْوٌ, (TA,) said of a man, (S,) He went away into the country, or in the land: (S, K:) like طَحَا: (S:) [or] you say, طَهَا فِى الأَرْضِ, inf. n. طَهْوٌ; and طَهَى فِى الأَرْضِ, inf. n. طَهْىٌ: both signify the same. (TA.) And in like manner, طَهَتِ الإِبِلُ, (S, TA,) aor. ـْ inf. n. طَهْوٌ and طُهُوٌّ, (TA,) The camels went away into the country, or in the land, (S, TA,) having become scattered, or dispersed: (TA:) or went away at random into the country, or in the land. (Ham p. 12.) b2: and طَهَا, inf. n. طَهْوٌ, He leaped. (IAar, TA.) A3: And طَهَى, inf. n. طَهْىٌ, He committed a sin, crime, fault, or misdemeanour. (TA. [See also طُهًى.]) 4 اطهى He was, or became, skilled in his work, art, or craft. (Az, K.) طَهَا is used by Abu-n-Nejm for طٰهٰ meaning the Chapter of the Kur-án [thus called, because commencing with these two letters, namely, the 20th,] in his saying, مَدَّ لَنَا فِى عُمْرِهِ رَبُّ طَهَا [May the Lord of طٰهٰ lengthen for us his life]. (TA.) [See art. طه.]

طَهْوٌ [The cooking of flesh-meat: see 1, first sentence. b2: And hence,] (assumed tropical:) A deed, or a performance. (S, K, TA.) Thus in a trad., (S, TA,) in which it is related that it was said to Aboo-Hureyreh, “Didst thou hear this from the Apostle of God? ” and he replied وَمَا كَانَ طَهْوِى

i. e. (assumed tropical:) And what was my deed, or performance? or, accord. to A 'Obeyd, أَنَا مَا طَهْوِى [I, what is my deed, or performance?] (TA) or فَمَا طَهْوِى

What then is my deed, or performance, (S,) if I have not made that relation to be soundly, or well, performed, (S, * TA,) like as the cook does the cooking of food? (TA.) See also طُهًى.

طَهْىٌ: see طُهًى.

A2: Also Thin clouds. (TA.) [See also طَهَآءٌ.]

A3: And it is said in the “ Nawádir ” that سَمِعْتُ طَهْيَهُمٌ, as also دَغْيَهُمْ and طَغْيَهُمْ, means I heard their sound, or voice: [or their sounds, or voices:] and one says, فلان فى طهى ونهى [app. فى طَهْىٍ وَنَهْىِ, as though meaning Such a one is engaged in clamour and prohibition]. (TA.) طَهًى Broken bits of straw. (K, TA.) طُهًى Cooked flesh-meat. (IAar, K.) [It is said in one place in the TA that الطُهى, with damm, (as though it were الطُّهْىُ, but I suppose الطُّهَى to be meant,) is the subst. from طَهَا اللَّحْمَ.]

A2: Also A sin, crime, fault, misdemeanour, or misdeed; syn. ذَنْبٌ; (K, TA; [in some copies of the K, الذَّنَبُ is put (erroneously, as is said in the TA,) in the place of الذَّنْبُ; and in the CK, الذِّئْبُ;]) as also ↓ طَهْىٌ: and ↓ مَا طَهْوِى

in the trad. of Aboo-Hureyreh [mentioned above] is expl. by some as meaning مَا ذَنْبِى [What is my fault?]. (TA.) طَهَآءٌ, (S, K, TA,) with the lengthened ا, (S, TA,) is like طَخَآءٌ; (K, TA; [in some copies of the K, each of these is erroneously written with the shortened ا, without ء;]) i. e. it is a dial. var. of the latter word, signifying High, or elevated, clouds: (S, TA:) or thin clouds: (Ham p. 12: [see also طَهْىٌ:]) [and طَهَآءَةٌ is the n. un.:] one says, مَا فِى السَّمَآءِ طَهَآءَةٌ, meaning There is not in the sky a portion of cloud. (S.) طُهَاوَةٌ The thin skin that is upon milk or blood. (ISd, K.) مَا أَدْرِى أَىُّ الطَّهْيَآءِ هُوَ means I know not what one of mankind, or of the people, he is: (K, TA:) like اىّ الضَّحْيَآءِ: mentioned by Az. (TA.) طَهَيَانٌ The top of a mountain. (K.) b2: and A بَرَّادَة [meaning a stand, or shelf, upon which vessels of porous earth, containing water, are placed, in order that the water may become cool]. (K, TA. [In the CK, erroneously, بُرادَة: as is said in the TA, and shown by what here follows, it is with teshdeed; and it is written in my MS. copy of the K بَرَّادَة.]) b3: In the saying of ElAhwal El-Kindee, فَلَيْتَ لَنَا مِنْ مَآءِ زَمْزَمَ شَرْبَةً

مُبَرَّدَةً بَاتَتْ عَلَى الطَّهَيَانِ [And would that there were for us, of the water of Zemzem, a cooled draught that had passed the night upon the طَهَيَان], it has been expl. as having the former of these meaning, and as having the second thereof, and as meaning a certain mountain in El-Yemen. (TA.) طَاهٍ A cook; (S, K;) a roaster, broiler, or fryer: and a maker, or kneader and baker, of bread: (K:) and, (K, TA,) as some say, (TA,) any dresser, or preparer, of food, (K, TA,) &c., who qualifies it well, rightly, or properly: (TA:) pl. طُهَاةٌ and طُهِىٌّ: (K, TA: [in the CK the latter is written طُهًى, which is evidently wrong; whereas طُهِىٌّ is agreeable with analogy, being originally طُهُوْىٌ:]) the fem. is طَاهِيَةٌ, and its pl. is طَوَاهٍ. (TA.) A2: لَيْلٌ طَاهٍ A dark night. (TA.) أَمْرٌ مَطْهُوٌّ (tropical:) An affair performed, or executed, firmly, soundly, or thoroughly; and matured. (TA.)

طرس

1 طَرَسَهُ, inf. n. طَرْسٌ, He wrote it; namely, a writing or book; as also سَطَرَهُ. (TA.) b2: See also 2.

A2: طَرِسَ, a verb like فَرِحَ, He (a man) became worn out in body, and aged. (Sgh, TA.) 2 طرّسهُ, (M, A,) so written by El-Urmawee, (TA,) inf. n. تَطْرِيسٌ; (A;) or ↓ طَرَسَهُ, aor. ـِ (K;) He obliterated it, or effaced it; (K, TA; [compare دَرَسَهُ;]) and (TA) he marred, or spoiled, it: (M, TA:) or he obliterated it, or effaced it, well. (A.) A2: Also, the former, (M,) inf. n. as above, (K,) He blackened it; namely, a door. (M, K.) A3: And طرّس, (TK,) inf. n. as above, (Lth, K,) He restored the writing upon a thing whereon the writing had been obliterated, or effaced. (Lth, K. *) 5 تطّرس He ate not, nor drank, aught save what was good; (K, TA;) like تنطّس: so says IF. (TA.) b2: تطرّس عَنْهُ He shunned it; kept aloof, or preserved himself, from it; (Sgh, K, TA;) and held himself above the commission of it. (Sgh, TA.) طِرْسٌ A written paper or the like; syn. صَحِيفَةٌ, (S, A, Msb, K;) or صَحِيفَةٌ إِذَا كُتِبَتْ; as also طِلْسٌ: (Sh, TA:) or one of which the writing has been obliterated, or effaced, and which has then been written upon [again]; (S, A, Msb, K;) [a palimpsest;] as also طِلْسٌ: (S:) or one of which the writing has been obliterated, or effaced, well: (Az, in TA, art. طلس:) or a writing that has been obliterated, or effaced, and then written [again]; as also طِرْصٌ: (M:) or an obliterated, or effaced, writing upon which one is able to renew the writing: (Lth, TA:) pl. [of pauc.]

أَطْرَاسٌ (S, M, Msb, K) and [of mult.] طُرُوسٌ. (M, A, Msb, K.) مُتَطَرِّسٌ One who seeks, pursues, or desires, the most pleasing of things; who picks, or chooses. (T, K, TA.)

طوف

1 طَوڤفَ The inf. n. طَوَافٌ primarily signifies, accord. to Er-Rághib, The act of going, or walking, in an absolute sense: or the going, or walking, around, or otherwise. (MF, TA.) [Hence,] طَافَ حَوْلَ الشَّىْءِ, (S,) or بِالشَّىْءِ, (Msb,) or حَوْلَ الكَعْبَةِ, (O, K,) and بِهَا, (K,) aor. ـُ (S, O, Msb,) inf. n. طَوْفٌ (S, O, Msb, K) and طَوَافٌ (O, Msb, K, and mentioned also in the S but not there said to be an inf. n.) and طَوَفَانٌ, (S, O, K,) [and perhaps طُوفَانٌ, q. v.,] He went round or round about, circuited, or circuited around, or compassed, (Msb, TA,) the thing, (S, Msb,) or the Kaabeh; (O, K;) and so طَافَ, aor. ـِ (Msb; [but this I think doubtful;]) and ↓ تطوّف, (S, Msb, K,) and ↓ اِطَّوَّفَ, a variation of that next preceding, (Msb, TA,) inf. n. اِطِّوَّافٌ; (TA;) and ↓ استطاف, (S, Msb, K,) as also ↓ استطافهُ; (TA;) and بِهِ ↓ اطاف, (Msb,) or عَلَيْهِ; (TA;) and ↓ طوّف, inf. n. ↓ تَطْوِيفٌ; (K;) or this last signifies he did so much, or often. (S, TA.) And طاف بِالقَوْمِ, aor. ـُ inf. n. طَوْفٌ and طَوَفَانٌ and مَطَافٌ, He went round about [or round about among] the people, or party; as also ↓ اطاف: the aor. of the former verb occurs in the Kur lvi. 17 and lxxvi. 19, trans. by means of عَلَى. (TA.) and طُفْتُ بِهِ عَلَى البَيْتِ [I went round the House of God, i. e. the Kaabeh, with him; or] I made him to go round, or to circuit, or compass, the House. (Msb. [The vulgar in the present day say ↓ طَوَّفْتُهُ: and they apply the appellation ↓ مُطَوِّف to One who makes the circuits round the Kaabeh with a pilgrim, and serves to conduct him round about to the other sacred objects, or places.]) You say also, طاف فِى البِلَادِ, inf. n. طَوْفٌ and تَطْوَافٌ, He journeyed [or journeyed round about] in the countries, or tracts of country; and so [or as meaning he did so much or often] ↓ طوّف, inf. n. تَطْوِيفٌ and تَطْوَافٌ. (TA. [In one place in the TA, the latter inf. n. is said to be with kesr, so that it is like تِبْيَانٌ; but see this latter, which is very extr.: see also تِطْوَافٌ below.]) ↓ لَأَطُوفَنَّ طَوْفَهُ means the same as لَأَسْعَرَنَّ سَعْرَهُ [app. I will assuredly practise circumvention like his practising thereof]. (Fr, O and K in art. سعر, q. v.) b2: See also 4, in two places.

A2: طَافَ, (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K,) aor. as above, (S, O, Msb,) inf. n. طَوْفٌ, (S, Mgh, O, Msb,) from طَوْفٌ signifying غَائِطٌ; (S, O;) as also ↓ اِطَّافَ, (IAar, S, K, TA, [in the CK, erroneously, اطَّأَفَ,]) He voided his excrement, or ordure; (Mgh, Msb; *) or he went away (S, O, K) to the field, or open tract, (S, O,) to void his excrement, or ordure. (S, O, K.) 2 طَوَّفَ see 1, in three places. b2: You say also, طوّف النَّاسُ, and الجَرَادُ, The men, or people, and the locusts, filled the land like the طُوفَان [or flood]. (TA.) 4 أَطْوَفَ see 1, in two places. b2: اطاف بِالشَّىْءِ signifies also He, or it, surrounded, or encompassed, the thing. (Msb.) b3: And اطاف بِهِ He came to him; visited him; or alighted at his abode as a guest; syn. أَلَمَّ بِهِ: and he approached him; or drew, or was, or became, near to him; syn. قَارَبَهُ. (S, K.) [And] طَافَ ↓ بِالنِّسَآءِ , aor. ـُ and اطاف; He came to women, or the women; visited them; or alighted at their abodes as a guest; syn. أَلَمَّ (Msb.) And اطاف بِهِ and عَلَيْهِ He came to him by night: and sometimes improperly used as meaning by day: a poet says, أَطَفْتُ بِهَا نَهَارًا غَيْرَ لَيْلٍ وَأَلْهَى رَبَّهَا طَلَبُ الرِّحَالِ [I came to her by day, not by night, while the seeking for the camels' saddles, or for the things necessary for his journey, or for the places of alighting, diverted her lord, or husband, from attending to her]. (TA.) And بِهِ الخَيَالُ ↓ طاف, aor. ـُ inf. n. طَوْفٌ; and, as As used to say, طاف, aor. ـِ inf. n. طَيْفٌ; The خيال [i. e. apparition, or phantom,] came to him, or visited him, (أَلَمَّ بِهِ,) in sleep. (TA.) 5 تطوّف and اِطَّوَّفَ: see 1, first sentence.8 اِطَّافٌ: see 1, last sentence.10 إِسْتَطْوَفَ see 1, first sentence, in two places.

طَافٌ A man who goes round, or round about, much, or often; (S, O, K;) [and] so ↓ طَوَّافٌ: and ↓ طَوَّافَةٌ a woman who goes round, or round about, much, or often, to the tents, or houses, of her female neighbours. (Msb.) A2: See also طُوف.

طَوْفٌ in the phrase أَصَابَهُ مِنَ الشَّيْطَانِ طَوْفٌ, i. q. طَائِفٌ. (TA. See طَائِفٌ below, and in art. طيف.) b2: [Also A kind of float composed of] inflated water-skins bound together, (S, O, Msb, K,) with wood [or planks] laid upon them, (Msb,) so as to have the form of a flat roof, (S, O, Msb, K,) upon the water; (Msb;) used for embarking thereon upon the water and for carriage thereon (S, O, K, TA) of wheat or other provisions and of men, and for the crossing [of rivers] thereon: (TA:) i. q. رَمَثٌ: and sometimes it is of wood, or timber: (S, O:) accord. to Az, a thing upon which large rivers are crossed, made of canes and of pieces of wood bound together, one upon another, and then bound round with ropes of the fibres or leaves of the palm-tree so as to be secure from its becoming unbound; after which it is used for embarking thereon and crossing, and sometimes it is laden with a load proportionate to its strength and its thickness: and it is also called عَامَةٌ, without teshdeed to the م: (TA:) pl. أَطْوَافٌ. (Msb, TA.) b3: And The bull (ثَوْر) around which turn the oxen in the treading [of corn]. (TA.) [See طَائِفٌ.] b4: And i. q. قِلْدٌ [app. as meaning A portion of water for irrigation: for it is immediately added], and طَوْفُ القَصَبِ signifies the quantity of water with which the canes are irrigated. (TA.) A2: Also The foul matter that comes forth from the child after suckling: (El-Ahmar, Msb, TA:) and by a secondary application, (Msb,) human excrement, or ordure, (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K,) in an absolute sense: (Msb:) what Er-Rághib says respecting it indicates that this is metonymical. (TA.) أَخَذَهُ بِطُوفِ رَقَبَتِهِ and رقبته ↓ بِطَافِ i. q. بِصُوفِ رقبته (S, K) and بِصَافِهَا. (K.) طُوفَانٌ An overpowering rain: and overpowering water, [a meaning erroneously assigned in the CK to طَوَّاف instead of طُوفَان,] that covers [or overwhelms] everything; (S, K, TA;) in the common conventional acceptation, water abounding to the utmost degree; [i. e. a flood, or deluge;] such as befell the people of Noah; (TA;) or طُوفَانُ المَآءِ signifies the water that covers [or overwhelms] everything: (Msb:) and a drowning torrent: (K:) and (assumed tropical:) much of anything, [like as we say a flood of anything,] such as includes the generality of persons, or things, within its compass: (K, TA:) and particularly (assumed tropical:) death; or quick, or quick and wide-spreading, death; or death commonly, or generally, prevailing; (TA;) or quick, or quick and wide-spreading, death, commonly, or generally, prevailing: and (assumed tropical:) quick [and extensive] slaughter: (K:) and (assumed tropical:) any accident [or evil accident] that besets a man: and (assumed tropical:) trial, or affliction: (TA:) and El-'Ajjáj likens to the rain, or water, thus called, the darkness of night; using the phrase طُوفَانُ الظَّلَامِ; (Kh, S;) by which he means (assumed tropical:) the intensity of the darkness of the night: (TA:) طُوفَانٌ is said to be a pl. [or coll. gen. n.]; (Msb, TA;) and its sing. [or n. un.] is طُوفَانَةٌ, (S, Msb, K, TA,) accord. to analogy: (S:) thus says Akh: (S, TA:) or it is an inf. n., like رُجْحَانٌ and نُقْصَانٌ; and is from طَافَ, aor. ـُ (Msb, TA:) thus says Abu-l- 'Abbás; and he says that there is no need of seeking for it a sing.: some say that it is of the measure فُلْعَانٌ, from طَفَا المَآءُ, aor. ـْ meaning “ the water rose,” or “ became high; ” the ل being transposed to the place of the ع; but this is strange. (TA.) طَوَافٌ [is an inf. n. of 1, q. v., sometimes used as a simple subst., and] has for its pl. أَطْوَافٌ [which is regularly pl. of طَوْفٌ]. (TA.) طَوَّافٌ; and its fem., with ة: see طَافٌ. b2: The former signifies also A servant who serves one with gentleness and carefulness: (K, TA:) pl. طَوَّافُونَ: so says AHeyth: IDrd explains the pl. as meaning servants, and male slaves. (TA.) It is said in a trad., respecting the she-cat, that it is not unclean, but is مِنَ الطَّوَّافِينَ عَلَيْكُمْ, or الطَّوَّافَاتِ; [i. e. of those that go round about waiting upon you;] she being thus put it. the predicament of the slaves: whence the saying of En-Nakha'ee, that the she-cat is like some of the people of the house, or tent. (TA.) [In the CK, a meaning belonging to طُوفَان is erroneously assigned to طَوَّاف.]

A2: Also A maker of the طَوْف that is composed of [inflated] water-skins [&c.] upon which one crosses [rivers &c.]. (TA.) طَائِفٌ part. n. of طَافَ, signifying Going round or round about, &c. (Msb.) b2: [And hence,] The عَسَس [quasi-pl. n. of عَاسٌّ]; (S, O, K, TA;) [i. e.] the patrol, or watch that go the round of the houses; thus expl. by Er-Rághib; and said to mean particularly those who do so by night. (TA.) b3: And The bull that is next to the extremity, or side, of the كُدْس [or wheat collected together in the place where it is trodden out]. (Ibn-'Abbád, K.) [See طَوْفٌ.] b4: The طَائِف of the bow is The part between the سِئَة [or curved portion of the extremity] and the أَبْهَر [q. v.]: (S, K:) or near [the length of a cubit or] the bone of the fore arm from its [middle portion called the] كَبِد [thus I render قَرِيبٌ مِنْ عَظْمِ الذِّرَاعِ مِنْ كَبِدِهَا, which, I think, can have no other meaning]: or the طَائِفَانِ are [two parts]exclusive of the two curved ends (دُونَ السِّئَتَيْنِ): (K: [this last explanation seems to leave one of the limits of each طائف undefined:]) or, accord. to AHn, the طائف of the bow is the part beyond its كُلْيَة [q. v.], above and below, [extending] to the place of the curving of the end of the bow: the pl. is طَوَائِفُ. (TA.) b5: لَأَقْطَعَنَّ مِنْهُ طَائِفًا occurs in a trad. respecting a runaway slave, as meaning [I will assuredly cut off] some one, or more, of his أَطْرَاف [app. meaning fingers]: or, as some relate it, the word is طَابَِقًا. (TA.) And Aboo-Kebeer El-Hudhalee says, تَقَعُ السُّيُوفُ عَلَى طَوَائِفَ مِنْهُمُ meaning, it is said, [The swords fall upon] arms and legs or hands and feet [of them: but in this case, طَوَائِف may be pl. of ↓ طَائِفَةٌ]. (TA.) A2: One says also, أَصَابَهُ مِنَ الشَّيْطَانِ طَائِفٌ [A visitation from the Devil befell him]; and ↓ طَوْفٌ likewise, in the same sense. (TA. [See also طَيْفٌ.]) طَائِفَةٌ A detached, or distinct, part or portion; a piece, or bit; [or somewhat;] of a thing: (S, Msb, K:) and a فِرْقَة of men [i. e. a party, portion, division, or class, thereof; as those of one profession or trade: a body, or distinct community: a sect: a corps: and sometimes a people, or nation]: (Msb:) and a company, or congregated body, (Msb, KL,) of men, at least consisting of three; and sometimes applied to one; and two: (Msb:) or one: and more than one: (S, K:) so, accord. to I' Ab, in the Kur xxiv. 2: (S:) or up to a thousand: (Mujáhid, K:) or at least two men: ('Atà, K:) or one man; (K;) as is said also on the authority of Mujáhid; (TA;) so that it is syn. with نَفْسٌ [as meaning a single person, or an individual]: (K:) [and sometimes it is applied to a distinct number, or herd &c., of animals:] Er-Rághib says that when a plural or collective number is meant thereby, it is [what lexicologists term] a pl. of طَائِفٌ; and when one is meant thereby, it may be a pl. metonymically used as a sing., or it may be considered as of the class of رَاوِيَةٌ and عَلَّامَةٌ and the like: (TA:) [pl. طَوَائِفُ.] b2: See also طَائِفٌ, last sentence but one.

طَائِفِىٌّ A sort of raisins, of which the bunches are composed of closely-compacted berries: app. so called in relation to [the district of] Et-Táïf. (AHn, TA.) تِطْوَافٌ, (JM, TA,) with kesr, (TA,) [and app. تَطْوَافٌ also, as it is sometimes written,] for ذُو تطوافٍ, (JM,) A garment in which one goes round, or curcuits, (JM, TA,) the House [of God, i. e. the Kaabeh]. (JM.) مَطَافٌ A place of طَوَاف (O, Msb, K *) i. e. of going round or round about, or circuiting. (Msb.) مُطَوِّفٌ: see 1, latter half.

حرب

1 حَرَبَهُ, (S, A, K,) aor. ـُ inf. n. حَرَبٌ, (S, K,) He despoiled him of his wealth, or property; or plundered him; (S, A, K;) leaving him without anything. (S.) b2: [Hence,] حُرِبَ, (A, Mgh, Msb,) or حُرِبَ مَالَهُ, (S,) He was, or became, despoiled, or plundered, (S, A, Mgh, Msb,) of his wealth, or property, (S,) or of all his wealth, or property; as also حَرِبَ, (Mgh, Msb,) aor. ـَ (Msb,) inf. n. حَرَبٌ. (Mgh, Msb.) You say, مَا لَهُ جَرِبَ وحَرِبَ: see art. جرب. (TA.) And حُرِبَ دِينَهُ (assumed tropical:) He was despoiled of his religion; was rendered, or became, an unbeliever. (TA.) b3: [And hence,] حَرِبَ, aor. ـَ inf. n. حَرَبٌ, He said وَا حَرَبَا, or وَا حَرَبَاهْ: [see حَرَبٌ, below.] (TA.) b4: and حَرِبَ, (S, A, K,) aor. ـَ (K,) inf. n. حَرَبٌ, (A, TA,) (tropical:) He (a man, S, A) was, or became, angry, (A,) or violently angry. (S, K.) And i. q. كَلِبَ [meaning (assumed tropical:) He was, or became, affected with canine madness: see حَرِبٌ]. (K.) And (assumed tropical:) He (an enemy) was, or became, like a lion; as also ↓ استحرب. (TA.) 2 حرّب, inf. n. تَحْرِيبٌ, He sharpened a spearhead. (S, K.) b2: (tropical:) He angered: (S, A:) or angered violently: (K:) and he provoked, or exasperated. (S, K, TA.) And it is said to signify (assumed tropical:) He acquainted a person with a thing that angered him: but where it is said to have this meaning, it is accord. to one reading with ج and hemzeh [in the places of ح and ب]. (TA.) 3 حاربهُ, (S, A, Msb, K,) inf. n. مُحَارَبَةٌ (Msb, K) and حِرَابٌ, (K,) He waged, or contended in, war with him; warred, or battled, with him. (S, * A, Msb, K.) See also 6. b2: He was, or became, hostile, or an enemy, to him. (S, * TA.) b3: He disobeyed Him; namely, God. (TA.) 4 احرب الحَرْبَ He excited, provoked, or stirred up, war. (K.) b2: احربهُ He guided him to spoil, or plunder; guided him, or showed him the way, to obtain spoil, or plunder, of an enemy; (S, K, TA;) acting as a spy. (TA.) b3: He found him to be despoiled, or plundered, of his wealth, or property, or of all his wealth, or property. (TA.) 6 تحاربوا and ↓ احتربوا (S, A, K) and ↓ حاربوا (S) They waged, or contended in, war, one with another; warred, or battled, one with another. (S, A, K.) 8 إِحْتَرَبَ see 6. b2: اُحْتُرِبَ It was all plundered, taken, or carried off. (Har p. 313.) 10 إِسْتَحْرَبَ see 1, last meaning.

حَرْبٌ War, battle, fight, or conflict; (Msb, TA;) contr. of سِلْمٌ; (TA;) consisting, first, in shooting arrows, one at another; then, in thrusting, one at another, with spears; then, in combating one another with swords; and then, in grappling and struggling together: (Suh, TA:) it is [generally] fem.; (S, L Msb;) but its dim. is ↓ حُرَيْبٌ, without ة, (Kh, S, L, Msb,) contr. to rule, (L, Msb,) like ذُرَيْعٌ, and قُوَيْسٌ, and فُرَيْسٌ in a fem. sense, (L,) because originally an inf. n. [of which the verb (حَرَبَ) seems not to have been used as meaning “ he waged, or contended in, war ”], (El-Mázinee, S,) or in order that it may not be confounded with the dim. of حَرْبَةٌ: (Msb:) Seer makes its origin to be the epithet حَرْبٌ, which, however, is originally an inf. n.: (L:) sometimes it is masc.; (IAar, Mbr, S, Msb, K;) but this is extr.: (L:) the pl. is حُرُوبٌ. (S, K.) You say, وَقَعَتْ بَيْنَهُمْ حَرْبٌ [War happened between them]. (S.) And قَامَتِ الحَرْبُ عَلَى سَاقٍ

The war, or battle, became vehement, so that safety from destruction was difficult of attainment. (Msb.) And making it masc., as meaning قِتَالٌ, you say حَرْبٌ شَدِيدٌ A vehement fight or battle. (Msb.) [Hence,] اِبْنُ حَرْبٍ A warrior: (Er-Rághib, TA in art. بنى:) and اِبْنُ الحَرْبِ [the warrior; or] he who suffices for war, and who defends. (Msb in that art.) And دَارُ الحَرْبِ The country, or countries, of the unbelievers, (Msb,) or of [those called by the Muslims] the polytheists, (K,) between whom and the Muslims there is not peace. (Msb, K.) In the saying of Aboo-Haneefeh, كَانَتْ مَكَّةُ إِذْ ذٰاكَ حَرْبًا, the meaning is دَارَ حَرْبٍ [Mekkeh was at that time a place of which the people were at war with the Muslims]. (Mgh.) A2: It is also an epithet; originally an inf. n. (L.) You say رَجُلٌ حَرْبٌ, (K, TA,) [in the CK حَرِبٌ, but it is] like عَدْلٌ, (TA,) A man vehement in war, and courageous; as also ↓ مِحْرَبٌ and ↓ مِحْرَابٌ: (K:) or ↓ مِحْرَبٌ signifies a man of wars; (S;) or a man of war, as also ↓ مِحْرَابٌ; and a known, experienced warrior. (TA.) [Being originally an inf. n.,] حَرْبٌ as an epithet is used in the same form as masc. and fem. and sing. and pl.: (K:) so that one says اِمْرَأَةٌ حَرْبٌ and قَوْمٌ حَرْبٌ, (TA,) as also ↓ قَوْمٌ مِحْرَبَةٌ. (S, K.) b2: Also An enemy, (S, K,) whether, or not, actually at war. (K.) So in the saying, أَنَا حَرْبٌ لِمَنْ حَارَبَنَىِ [I am an enemy to him who wars with me, or who is an enemy to me]. (S.) And فُلَانٌ حَرْبُ فُلَانٍ Such a one is the enemy of such a one. (TA.) Some hold that حَرْبٌ is a pl. [or rather a quasi-pl. n.] of حَارِبٌ or مُحَارِبٌ. (TA.) حَرَبٌ inf. n. of حَرِبَ. (A, Mgh, Msb.) وَاحَرَبَا is an ejaculation expressive of grief, lamentation, or regret, [meaning Alas, my spoliation! or my loss! or my grief!] (ISd, Mgh, TA,) used in an absolute manner, like وَا أَسَفَا, (ISd, TA,) or يَا أَسَفَا, (Mgh,) from حَرَبَهُ “ he despoiled him of his wealth, or property: ” (K:) [or from حَرِبَ, q. v.:] or it originated from the fact that Harb the son of Umeiyeh, when any one died, used to ask his family what they required to expend on the occasion, and used to supply them therewith; (TA;) and when he himself died, the people of Mekkeh and its neighbourhood bewailed him, saying, وَا حَرْبَا, (Th, K, * TA,) or وَا حَرْبَاهْ, (TA,) [Alas for Harb!] and then they changed the expression to وَا حَرَبَا, (Th, K,) or وَاحَرَبَاهْ, and it became used in the case of bewailing any person who was dear, and in the cases of other calamities: but this account of the origin did not please ISd. (TA.) b2: Also Perdition. destruction, or death. (Har p. 158.) حَرِبٌ: see حَرِيبٌ.

A2: Also (tropical:) Angry: (A:) or violently angry: (S, K:) applied to a man and to a lion. (S, A.) And i. q. كَلِبٌ [meaning Affected with canine madness]: pl. حَرْبَى, (K,) syn. with كَلْبَى, but unknown to Az in this sense except in one instance. (TA.) حَرْبَةٌ [A dart, or javelin;] a certain weapon (K) resembling a spear, (Msb,) but smaller, (TA,) having a wide head; (As, TA;) not reckoned among رِمَاح: (IAar, TA:) dim. ↓ حُرَيْبَةٌ: (Msb:) pl. حِرَابٌ. (S, A, Msb, K.) You say, أَخَذُوا الحِرَابَ لِلْحِرَابِ [They took the darts, or javelins, for contending in war, or battle]. (A.) A2: A thrust, stick, or stab. (K.) b2: Spoliation. (K.) b3: Corruptness of religion. (K.) A3: حَرْبَةُ a name of Friday; (K, TA;) accord. to the Námoos, because it is a time for warring with oneself: (TA:) pl. حَرَبَاتٌ and حَرْبَاتٌ. (K.) حِرْبَةٌ A mode, or manner, of war, battle, fight, or conflict. (K.) حِرْبَاءٌ [The male chameleon;] the male of what is called أُمُّ حُبَيْنٍ; (S, Msb, K; [but see the latter appellation in art. حبن;]) a well-known animal: (TA:) or a certain reptile, like the عَظَآءَة, (K,) said to be larger than this latter, (Msb,) somewhat larger, (S,) that turns itself, (S, Msb,) or its head, (K,) towards the sun, (S, Msb, K,) turning with the sun as the sun turns, and assuming various colours (S, Msb) by reason of the heat of the sun: (S:) Az describes it as a reptile resembling in form what is called سَامُّ أَبْرَصَ, with four legs, slender head, [which is not correct as applied to the chameleon,] and striped back; that all the day looks towards the sun; and he adds that its flesh is impure, and the Arabs never eat it: (TA:) [accord. to Freytag, the word, thus applied, is said (but I know not on what authority) to be from خُرْبَا, meaning حافظ الشمس (guardian of the sun):] the fem. is with ة: (S:) and the pl. حَرَابِىُّ. (S, Msb.) [The word حرباء is used in passages cited in the TA as masc. and fem.; whence it seems that it may be written حِرْبَآءُ as well as حِرْبَآءٌ.] The Arabs used the expression حِرْبَآءُ تَنْضُبٍ or تَنْضُبَ, like ذئْبُ غَضًا: (S:) [the latter word in each of these cases being the name of a tree:] the former is proverbially applied to a prudent man; because the حرباء does not quit the first branch but to leap upon the second. (TA.) The phrase اِنْتَصَبَ العُودُ فِى

الحِرْبَآءِ is used, by inversion, for انتصب الحرباءُ فى العودِ [The male chameleon stood erect upon the branch]: for it stands erect upon stones, and upon the roots or trunks of trees, looking towards the sun, and declines as the sun declines. (TA.) b2: Also (tropical:) The back: or its flesh: (K:) or حِرْبَآءُ المَتْنِ means the flesh along either side of the backbone: (TA:) or this, (TA,) or الحرباءُ, (K,) the ridge of the backbone: (K, TA:) or حَرَابِىُّ المَتْنِ (S, L, TA) signifies the portions of flesh, (S,) or the flesh, (L, TA,) along either side of the backbone: (S, L, TA:) the sing. is حِرْبَآءٌ; likened to the حرباء [or male chameleon] of the desert, and therefore tropical: Kr says that the sing. of حَرَابِىُّ الظُّهُورِ is حِرْبَآءٌ accord. to rule; showing that it has no known sing. on the authority of hearsay. (L, TA.) A2: The nails, (S,) or a nail, (K,) of a coat of mail: (S, K:) or the head of a nail in a ring of a coat of mail: (K:) pl. as above. (TA.) A3: And Rugged ground: (K:) or rugged and hard ground; accord. to Th; but the word commonly known is حِزْبَآءٌ, with záy. (TA.) [This meaning has been supposed to be assigned in the K to مُحْرَبِئَةٌ; but the TA shows that such is not the case.]

حَرِيبٌ and ↓ مَحْرُوبٌ (S, Mgh, Msb, K) and ↓ حَرِبٌ (MF) Despoiled of his wealth, or property; plundered; (S, Mgh, Msb, K, MF;) and left without anything: (S, Mgh, Msb:) pl. (of the first, TA) حَرْبَى and حُرَبَآءُ. (K.) And حَرِيبَةٌ and ↓ مَحْرُوبَةٌ A woman deprived of her child, or children. (TA.) And ↓ محروب (assumed tropical:) Despoiled of his religion; rendered, or become, an unbeliever. (TA.) حُرَيْبٌ dim. of حَرْبٌ, q. v.

حَرَابَةٌ: see what next follows.

حَرِيبَةٌ (S, A, K) and ↓ حَرَابَةٌ (A) Wealth, or property, of which one is despoiled, or plundered: (A, K:) a man's property is not so called until he has been despoiled of it: (TA:) or (K, but in the A “ and ”) wealth, or property, by means of which one lives, or subsists: (S, A, K:) pl. of the former [and of the latter also accord. to analogy] حَرَائِبُ. (TA.) حُرَيْبَةٌ dim. of حَرْبَةٌ, q. v.

حَرَّابَةٌ A troop of plunderers. (TA.) حَارِبٌ [act. part. n. of حَرَبَ]. b2: It occurs in a trad. as signifying One who strips people forcibly of their clothes. (TA.) مِحْرَبٌ and مِحْرَبَةٌ: see حَرْبٌ, in three places.

أَرْضٌ مُحَرْبِئَةٌ (S, K, in the CK مُحَرْبِيَةٌ) A land containing, (S,) or abounding with, (K,) animals of the kind called حِرْبَآء [i. e. male chameleons]. (S, K.) المُحَرَّبُ and ↓ المُتَحَرِّبُ The lion. (K, TA.) مِحْرَابٌ: see حَرْبٌ, in two places.

A2: Also The upper end of a sitting-room, (Msb, and so accord. to an explanation of the pl. مَحَارِيبُ, in the S, on the authority of Fr,) or of a house, or tent, or chamber; (K;) the chief, or most honourable, sitting-place; (AO, L, Msb, K; *) whence, in a trad., كَانَ يَكْرَهُ المَحَارِيبَ [he used to dislike the uppermost, or chief, sitting-places in rooms]: (L:) the place where kings and chiefs and great men sit: (Msb:) a high place: (As, Hr, TA:) a [chamber of the kind called] غُرْفَة: (S, Msb, K:) the highest chamber in a house: a chamber to which one ascends by stairs: (Zj, TA:) a king's closet, or private chamber, into which he retires alone, out of the way of the people: (K:) a [pavilion, or building of the kind called] قَصْر: (As, TA:) the station of the Imám in a mosque: (K:) the مِحْرَاب [or niche which shows the direction of the kibleh] of a mosque; from the same word as signifying the “ upper end of a sittingroom; ” (Fr, S, Msb;) or, as some say, because the person praying wars with the devil and with himself by causing the attention of his heart: (Msb:) the highest place in a mosque: (Zj, TA:) the kibleh: (L, TA:) a mosque, or place of worship; so in the Kur xix. 12: (S, L:) a place of assembly. (As, TA.) مَحَارِيبُ بَنِى إِسْرَائِيلَ meansThe places of worship of the Children of Israel, (T, K,) in which they used to assemble for prayer, (T, TA,) or in which they used to sit; (K;) as though they sat therein to consult respecting war. (TA.) [See also مَذْبَحٌ.] b2: I. q. أَجَمَةٌ, (K,) meaning The haunt of a lion. (TA.) b3: The neck of a beast. (Lth, K, TA.) مَحْرُوبٌ and مَحْرُوبَةٌ: see حَرِيبٌ, in three places.

المُتَحَرِّبُ: see المُحَرَّبُ.

حدث

1 حَدَثَ, (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K,) aor. ـُ (Mgh, Msb,) inf. n. حُدُوثٌ (S, Mgh, Msb, K) and حَدَاثَةٌ, (A, K,) It was new, or recent; contr. of قَدُمَ: (S, * A, K:) it (a thing) came into existence; began to be; had a beginning; began, or originated; existed newly, for the first time, not having been before: (S, Mgh, Msb, TA:) but when mentioned with قَدُمَ, it is written حَدُثَ, with damm to the د, (S, Mgh, K,) as in the saying, أَخَذَنِى مَا قَدُمَ وَمَاحَدُثَ, (S,) or أَخَذَهُ الخ, (A, Mgh,) meaning Old and new anxieties and thoughts [came into my mind, or his mind, or overcame me, or him]; (TA;) or old and new griefs or sorrows; (Mgh;) the former saying occurring in a trad.: (TA:) the verb is not thus in any other case [in this sense]. (S.) You say, حَدَثَ بِهِ عَيْبٌ A vice, or fault, or the like, originated in him, or it, not having been before. (Msb.) And حَدَثَ أَمْرٌ An affair, or event, originated: (Mgh:) or happened, or came to pass. (S.) حُدُوثٌ is of two kinds: حُدُوثٌ زَمَانِىٌّ, which is A thing's being preceded by non-existence: and حُدُوثٌ ذَاتِىٌّ, which is a thing's being dependent upon another for its existence. (KT.) b2: حَدَاثَةٌ and حُدُوثَةٌ, [as inf. ns. of which the verb, if they have one, is, accord. to analogy, حَدُثَ,] relating to a man, signify The being young; or [as simple substs.] youthfulness. (ISd, K.) 2 حدّثهُ [He told him, or related to him, something; he discoursed to him, or talked to him: see also 5]. You say, حدّثهُ الحَدِيثَ, (L,) and حدّثهُ بِهِ, (A, * L,) inf. n. تَحْدِيثٌ, a word of well-known meaning, (S,) He told him, or related to him, the story, or narrative, or tradition. (L.) [And حدّث He related traditions of Mohammad: and حدّث عن فُلَانٍ he related such traditions heard, or learned, from such a one: the verb in this sense being an Islámee term.] b2: [Hence,] تَرِكْتُ البِلَادَ تُحَدِّثُ (assumed tropical:) I left the countries, or towns, resounding with a buzzing, or confused noise. (Th, ISd.) 3 حادث سَيْفَهُ, (TA,) inf. n. مُحَادَثَةٌ, (S, K,) He polished his sword; (S, * K, * TA;) [as though he made it new by doing so;] as also ↓ احدثهُ, (TA,) inf. n. إِحْدَاثٌ. (K.) b2: Hence, حَادِثُوا هٰذِهِ القُلُوبَ بِذِكْرِ اللّٰهِ فَإِنَّهَا سَرِيعَةُ الدُّثُورِ (assumed tropical:) Polish and cleanse ye these hearts by the remembrance of God, like as the sword is polished: [for they quickly become sullied:] a trad. of El-Hasan. (TA.) A2: مُحَادَثَةٌ and ↓ تَحَادُثٌ, words of wellknown meaning, (S,) are syn.: (K:) [but the former generally relates to two persons: the latter, to more than two:] you say, حادث صَاحِبَهُ [He talked, or conversed in words, with his companion]: (A:) and حادثوا and ↓ تحادثوا [They talked, or conversed in words, together, or one with another]. (TK.) 4 احدثهُ (S, A, Msb, TA) and ↓ استحدثهُ (A) He (God, S, or a man, Msb) brought it into existence, caused it to be, made it, produced it, effected it, or did it, newly, for the first time, it not having been before; began it, or originated it; invented it; innovated it. (S, Msb, TA.) [Hence,] احدث

أَمْرَا [He brought to pass an event]. (Kur lxv. 1.) And احدث حَدَثًا He originated an innovation [see حَدَثٌ]. (TA.) b2: See also 3. b3: Also احدث, (S, L, Msb, K,) inf. n. إِحْدَاثٌ, (Msb,) from الحَدَثُ, (S,) (assumed tropical:) He voided his ordure; or broke wind: (L, K:) it has both these meanings: (L:) or he did a thing that annulled his state of legal purity. (Msb.) [See حَدَثٌ.] b4: And (tropical:) He committed adultery, or fornication: (K, TA:) and in like manner one says of a woman [احدثت]. (TA.) 5 تحدّث [He talked; conversed in words; told, or related, stories, or narratives]. (S.) and تحدّث بِهِ [He talked of it; told it; related it]; (S, A, Msb, K;) namely, a حَدِيث, (Msb,) or what is termed أُحْدُوثَة. (S, K.) And يَتَحَدَّثُ

إِلَى النِّسَآءِ [He talks to women]. (S, A. *) [See also 2.] b2: It is said in a trad., يَبْعَثُ اللّٰهُ السَّحَابَ فَيَضْحَكُ أَحْسَنَ الضَّحِكِ وَيَتَحَدَّثُ أَحْسَنَ الحَدِيثِ (tropical:) [God shall send the clouds, and they shall laugh with the best laughing, and talk with the best talking]: the talking here mentioned, says IAth, is said to mean thundering; and the laughing, lightning; thundering being likened to talking because it announces rain, and its near coming: or by laughing may be meant the smiling of the earth, and the appearing of the flowers or blossome; and by talking, the talking of men in describing and mentioning the plants or herbage: this figure of speech is termed مَجَازٌ تَعْلِيقِىٌّ, and is one of the most approved kinds of مجاز. (TA.) 6 تَحَاْدَثَ see 3, in two places.10 إِسْتَحْدَثَ see 4. b2: You say also, استحدث خَبَرًا He found new tidings or information: (S:) or he gained, or acquired, tidings or information. (A.) رَجُلٌ حِدْثٌ and ↓ حَدُثٌ and ↓ حَدِثٌ and ↓ حِدِّيثٌ (K) and ↓ مُحَدِّثٌ (L) A man of many stories or narratives, (L, K,) and who relates them well: (L:) or ↓ رَجُلٌ حَدُثٌ and ↓ حَدِثٌ signify a man who relates stories, or narratives, well: and رَجُلٌ

↓ حِدِّيثٌ signifies a man of many stories or narratives; (S, A, El-Wá'ee;) but is used by the vulgar to signify a man who relates stories, or narratives, well. (El-Wá'ee, TA.) And you say رَجُلٌ حِدْثُ مُلُوكٍ A man who is a companion of kings in talk (S, A, K) and in their nocturnal conversations: (S:) and حِدْثُ نِسَآءٍ one who talks to women; (S, A;) or who talks with women. (Az, TA in art. تبع.) And ↓ هُوَ حِدِّيثُهُ [He is his story-teller]. (A.) حَدَثٌ A novelty, or new thing; an innovation; a thing not known before: and particularly relating to El-Islám [i. e. to matters of religious doctrine or practice or the like]: (Mgh:) [and so ↓ أَمْرٌ مُحْدَثٌ; for] مُحْدَثَاتُ الأُمُورِ (pl. of مُحْدَثٌ, TA) signifies innovations of people of erroneous opinions, (Msb, TA,) inconsistent with the doctrines, or practices, of the just of preceding times: or what is not known in revealed scripture, nor in the Sunneh, nor in the general conventional tenets of the doctors of the law: and حَدَثٌ, [in like manner,] an innovation that is disapproved, not agreeable with custom, or usage, and not known in the Sunneh. (TA.) ↓ آوَى مُحْدَثًا, occurring in a trad., means He entertained an innovation; [i. e. he embraced, or held, it;] or he was content, or pleased, with it; or he bore it patiently: or, as some say, it is ↓ آوَى مُحْدِثًا, meaning he entertained, or harboured in his dwelling, a criminal, or an offender, and protected him from retaliation. (TA.) b2: Also i. q. ↓ حَادِثَةٌ and ↓ حَدَثَانٌ [in some copies of the S ↓ حِدْثَان] and ↓ حُدْثَى [signifying An accident, an event, a hap, or a casualty: and generally an evil accident or event, a mishap, a misfortune, a disaster, a calamity, or an affliction]: (S:) [the most common of these words is ↓ حَادِثَةٌ; and its pl., حَوَادِثُ, is more common than the sing.:] the pl. of حَدَثٌ is أَحْدَاثٌ. (TA.) أَحْدَاثُ الدَّهْرِ and ↓ حَوَادِثُهُ (A, K) and ↓ حِدْثَانُهُ, (K,) or, as is said by Fr and others, this last is ↓ حَدَثَانُهُ, (TA,) signify The accidents, or casualties, of time or fortune; or the evil accidents, or calamities, of time or fortune. (A, K.) ↓ حَوَادِثُ occurs used as a sing., said to be put by poetic license for ↓ حَدَثَانٌ: and this latter is also used [as a pl.] for حَوَادِثُ: so say Az and AAF: and it is said to be a noun in the sense of حَوَادِثُ الدَّهْرِ and نَوَائِبُ الدَّهْرِ: accord. to Fr, the Arabs say, [using it as a pl.,] أَهْلَكَتْنَا الحَدَثَانُ [The accidents, or evil accidents, of time, or fortune, destroyed us]: some say الحَدَثَانِ, making it dual of حَدَثٌ, and meaning thereby the night and day; like as they say [in the same sense] الجَدِيدَانِ and المَلَوَانِ &c. (TA.) b3: [Hence] حَدَثٌ is a term applied by Sb to The مَصْدَر [or infinitive noun]; because all مصادِر are [significant of] accidents [considered as subsisting in, or proceding from, agents]: and the pl. which he assigns to it in this sense is أَحْدَاثٌ. (TA.) b4: (assumed tropical:) The voiding of ordure; or the breaking of wind; syn. إِبْدَآءٌ: (K:) or legal impurity that forbids, or prevents, one's performing prayer &c.: (KT:) or a state annulling legal purity: pl. أَحْدَاثٌ. (Msb.) [See 4.] b5: I. q. وَلِىٌّ (assumed tropical:) [The rain following that called the وَسْمِىّ]: (L:) or الأَحْدَاثُ [pl. of الحَدَثُ] signifies the rains of the commencement, or first part, of the year. (K.) b6: Young, applied to a man, (A, * L, Msb, *) and to a horse or an ass or the like, and a camel, and, accord. to IAar, to a mountain-goat: (L:) pl. أَحْدَاثٌ (A, L, Msb,) and حُدْثَانٌ. (L.) Yousay رَجُلٌ حَدَثٌ, (Th, S, L, &c.,) and ↓ حَدِيثُ السِّنِّ, (Th, S, A, Msb, K,) and حَدَثُ السِّنّ, (IDrd, K, [but this is by some disallowed, as will be seen below,]) A young man: (S, L, Msb, K:) and in the pl. sense you say غِلْمَانٌ أَحْدَاثٌ and حُدْثَانٌ [pls. of حَدَثٌ], (S,) and رِجَالٌ أَحْدَاثُ السِّنِّ and حُدْثَانُ السِّنِّ, [or these, as is implied above, are not allowable,] and حُدَثَآءُ السِّنِّ [pl. of ↓ حَدِيثٌ]. (ISd, TA.) J says, [in the S,] if you mention the سِنّ, you say السِّنِّ ↓ حَدِيثُ [lit. Young of tooth]: and IDrst says, the vulgar say, هُوَ حَدَثُ السِّنِّ, like as you say حديث السِّنِّ; but it is a mistake; for حَدَثٌ is an epithet applied to the man himself, and is originally an inf. n.; one should not apply it as an epithet to the سِنّ nor to the ضِرْس nor to the ناب; but ↓ حَدِيثٌ is an epithet applied to anything recent. (TA.) حَدُثٌ: see حَدَثٌ, first sentence; each in two places.

حَدِثٌ: see حَدَثٌ, first sentence; each in two places.

حَدِثٌ: see حَدَثٌ.

حُدْثَى: see what next follows.

حِدْثَانٌ The first, or beginning, or commencement, of a state, or a case, or an affair; (S, A, Mgh, K;) as also ↓ حَدَاثَةٌ: (S, Mgh, K:) and its freshness; which is also a signification of both these words. (S, Mgh.) So in the saying, اِفْعَلْ ذٰلِكَ الأَمْرَ بِحِدْثَانِهِ and ↓ بِحَدَاثَتِهِ [Do thou that thing while it is in its first and fresh state]. (S, Mgh. *) One says also, أَتَيْتُهُ فِى حِدْثَانِ شَبَابِهِ and شبابه ↓ حِدْثَى and شبابه ↓ حَدِيثِ (assumed tropical:) I came to him in the beginning, or first period, of his youth. (Aboo-'Amr Esh-Sheybánee, TA.) and it is said in a trad., addressed to 'Áïsheh, لَوْلَا حِدْثَانُ قَوْمِكِ بِالكُفْرِ لَهَدَمْتُ الكَعْبَةَ وَبَنَيْتُهَا, (Mgh, * TA,) or, as some relate it, قومك ↓ حَدَاثَةُ, which means the same, (Mgh,) i. e. Were it not for the shortness of the period that has elapsed since thy people were in the state of infidelity, I would pull down the Kaabeh, and build it [anew]. (TA.) b2: See also حَدَثٌ, in two places.

حَدَثَانٌ, used as a sing. and as a pl.: see حدثٌ, in three places.

حَدِيثٌ New, recent; (K;) contr. of قَدِيمٌ: (S:) having, or having had, a beginning; existing newly, for the first time, not having been before; as also ↓ حَادِثٌ: (Msb:) brought into existence, caused to be, made, produced, or done, newly, for the first time, not having been before; begun, or originated; invented; innovated; as also ↓ مُحْدَثٌ. (TA.) b2: See حَدَثٌ, last two sentences, in four places. And see حِدْثَانٌ. Yousay also, هُوَ حَدِيثُ عَهْدٍ بِالإِسْلَامِ He is, or was, recently become a Muslim. (Msb.) And حَدِيثُو عَهْدٍ بِكُفْرِهِمْ, (TA,) or بِالجَاهِلِيَّةِ, or حَدِيثٌ عَهْدُهُمْ, (Mgh,) Men lately in their state of infidelity [or in the state of paganism or ignorance]; who have but recently ceased to be in their state of infidelity [&c.]. (TA.) A2: Also i. q. خَبَرٌ [Information; a piece of information; intelligence; an announcement; news, or tidings; a piece of news; an account; a narration, or narrative; a story; &c.]; (S, K;) employed to signify little and much; (S;) and ↓ حِدِّيثَى signifies the same: (K:) or a thing, or matter, that is talked of, told, or narrated, and transmitted: (Msb:) [and talk, or discourse:] and [in like manner] ↓ أُحْدُوثَةٌ signifies a thing that is talked of, told, or narrated: (S, K:) or this last signifies a wonderful thing: (IB, TA:) it has been asserted, says MF, that there is no difference between احدوثة and حديث in usage, and in denoting what is good and what is evil; in contradiction to such as say that the former peculiarly signifies that [kind of story] in which there is no profit nor any truth; such as amatory stories, and the like fictions of the Arabs: Fr asserts it to signify peculiarly a laughable and an absurd story; differing from حديث: and Ibn-Hishám El-Lakhmee, in his Expos of the Fs, says that it is only used to denote what is bad, or evil: but Lb replies against him, in his Expos., that it is sometimes used to denote what is good; as in a saying mentioned by Yaakoob, which see below: (TA:) the pl. of حَدِيثٌ is أَحَادِيثُ, contr. to analogy, (S, K,) said by Fr to be pl. of ↓ أُحْدُوثَةٌ, and then used as pl. of حديث, (S,) but IB says that this is not the case; (TA;) and حِدْثَانٌ and حُدْثَانٌ are also pls. of حديث, (K, TA,) sometimes occurring; the latter, rare. (TA.) Yousay, سَمِعْتُ حَدِيثًا حَسَنًا (TA) and حَسَنَةً ↓ حِدِّيثَى (S, A, * TA) [I heard a good story or narrative &c.]; both meaning the same. (TA.) And اِنْتَشَرَ حَسَنَةٌ ↓ لَهُ فِى النَّاسِ أُحْدُوثَةٌ [A good story of him became spread abroad among the people]: a saying mentioned by Yaakoob in his “ Isláh. ” (TA.) And مَلِيحَةٌ ↓ أثحْدُوثَةٌ [A pretty story], and أَحَادِيثُ مِلَاحٌ [pretty stories]. (A.) and ↓ قَدْ صَارَ فُلَانٌ أَحْدُوثَةً [(tropical:) Such a one has become the subject of a story, or of a wonderful story: and in like manner, as is said in the A, صَارُوا أَحَادِيثَ: there said to be tropical]. (IB, TA.) b2: Hence the حَدِيث of the Apostle of God: (Msb:) [i. e.] حَدِيثٌ also signifies A narration of a مُحَدِّث: (L:) [meaning حَدِيثٌ نَبَوِىٌّ, i. e. a tradition, or narration, relating, or describing, a saying or an action &c. of Mo-hammad:] this word and خَبَرٌ both signify a tradition that is traced up to Mohammad, or to a Sahábee, or to a Tábi'ee: (TA in art. رقأ:) or حديث is applied to what comes from the Prophet: خَبَرٌ, to what comes from another than the Prophet; or from him or another: and أَثَرٌ to what comes from a Companion of the Prophet; but it may also be applied to a saying of the Prophet: (Kull p. 152:) the word in this sense, i. e. the حديث of the Prophet, has for its pl. only أَحَادِيثُ; and therefore Sb mentions it in the category of those words which have pls. anomalously formed; such as عَرُوضٌ, pl. أَعَارِيضُ; and بَاطِلٌ, pl. أَبَاطِيلُ. (TA.) [الحَدِيثَ written at the end of a quotation of a part of a trad. is for اِقْرَأِ الحَدِيثَ Read the tradition.] b3: حَدِيثٌ قُدْسِىٌّ [A holy tradition or narration] means what God has told to his prophet by inspiration, or by a dream, or in sleep, and the prophet has told in his own phraseology: the Kur-án is esteemed above this, because [it is held that] its words also were revealed: (KT:) that of which the words are from the apostle, but the meaning is from God, by inspiration, or by a dream, or in sleep. (Kull p. 288.) حَدَاثَةٌ: see حِدْثَانٌ, in three places. [Hence,] حَدَاثَةُ السِّنِّ (tropical:) Youth; the first period of life. (TA.) حُدَّاثٌ: see مُحَدِّثٌ.

حِدِّيثٌ: see حِدْثٌ, in three places.

حِدِّيثَى: see حَدِيثٌ, in two places.

حَادِثٌ: see حَدِيثٌ, first sentence.

حَادِثَةٌ; and its pl., حَوَادِثُ: see حَدَثٌ, in four places.

أَحْدَثُ More, and most, new, or recent: fem.

حُدْثَى; as in the phrase اِمْرَأَتِى الحُدْثَى, occurring in a trad., My wife who was more, or most, recently married. (TA.) أُحْدُوثَةٌ: see حَدِيثٌ, in five places.

مُحْدَثٌ: see حَدِيثٌ: b2: and see also حَدَثٌ, in two places. b3: Also, applied to a poet, i. q. مُوَلَّدٌ [A post-classical author: itself a post-classical term]. (Mz 49th نوع.) [And المُحْدَثُونَ The moderns; or people of later times; opposed to القُدَمَآءُ.]

مُحْدِثٌ: see حَدَثٌ.

مُحَدَّثٌ A true, or veracious, man: (K:) a man of true opinion: (S:) of true conjecture: (A, TA:) inspired; into whose mind a thing is put, and who tells it conjecturally and with sagacity; as though he were told a thing, and said it: occurring in a trad.: (TA:) such was 'Omar. (A, TA.) مُحَدِّثٌ A teller, or relater, of stories, narratives, or traditions: [and particularly a relater of, or one skilled in, the traditions of Mohammad:] ↓ حُدَّاثٌ in the sense of مُحَدِّثُونَ, signifying a company of men telling, or relating, stories &c., is an anomalous pl., formed by assigning it to the same predicament as words of similar meaning, of which سُمَّارٌ, pl. of سَامِرٌ, is an ex. (L.) See also حِدْثٌ.

أَرْضٌ مَحْدُوثَةٌ (assumed tropical:) Land upon which the rain called حَدَث has fallen. (L.)

حبر

1 حَبَرَهُ, (S, Msb, TA,) aor. ـُ (Msb,) inf. n. حَبْرٌ; (S, Msb, TA;) and ↓ حبّرهُ, (TA,) inf. n. تَحْبيرٌ; (S, K, TA;) or the latter has an intensive signification; (Msb;) He made it beautiful, beautified it, (S, K, TA,) or adorned it, or embellished it, (Msb,) and made it plain; (TA;) namely, handwriting, and poetry, &c., (S, K, both in relation to the latter verb, and TA in relation to both verbs,) such as language, or speech, and science, (S, TA,) and pronunciation, and a recitation; meaning, with respect to the last, the voice [with which he recited]. (TA.) b2: Also حَبَرَهُ, (S, A, L, Msb, but in the Msb “ or,” not “ also,”) aor. ـُ inf. n. حَبْرٌ (S, Msb) and حَبْرَةٌ; (S;) and ↓ احبرهُ; (K;) and in an intensive sense ↓ حبّرهُ; (Msb;) He, (God, A,) or it, (a thing, or an affair or event, S, L,) made him happy, joyful, or glad; (S, A, L, Msb, K;) affected him with a happiness, joy, or gladness, that made his face to shine, or of which the mark, or sign, (حَبَار, i. e. أَثَر,) appeared upon his countenance; (Bd in xliii. 70, in explanation of the pass. form of the first of these verbs;) he made him to enjoy a state of ease and plenty; and treated him with honour: (Lth and S in explanation of the pass. form of the first verb as used in the Kur xxx. 14:) or treated him with extraordinary honour. (Bd in xliii. 70, and TA.) [حُبِرَ, properly signifying He was made happy, &c., may be used as meaning he was, or became, happy, &c.; like سُرَّ; and حُبُورٌ, and its syns. mentioned with it below, may be regarded as its inf. ns. Golius, app. from his finding حَبَرٌ explained in the KL as an inf. n. meaning The being happy, &c., (شَادْ شُدَنْ,) assigns to حُبِرَ جِلْدُهُ, as on the authority of that lexicon, the meaning of “ hilaris lætusque fuit; ” but I have not found this verb in any Arabic work.]

A2: حُبِرَ جِلْدُهُ His skin was beaten so that there remained the mark of the beating. (K.) A3: حَبِرَ الجُرْحُ, (S, K,) aor. ـَ (K,) inf. n. حَبَرٌ, (S,) The wound broke out afresh: (S, K:) or became healed, but left scars. (Ks, S, K.) b2: حَبرَتْ أَسْنَانُهُ, aor. ـَ (S, A, * Msb, K,) inf. n. حَبَرٌ, (S, Msb, *) His teeth became of a yellow colour mingled with the whiteness: (K:) or became yellow; (A, Msb;) syn. قَلِحَتْ. (S.) [See also حِبِرٌ.]2 حبّرهُ: see 1, in two places. b2: Also, inf. n. تَحْبِيرٌ, He pared it well; namely, an arrow. (TA.) 4 احبرهُ: see 1.

A2: احبر بِهِ He, or it, left a mark upon him, or it. (TA.) And احبرِت الضَّرْبَةُ جِلْدَهُ and بِجِلْدِهِ The blow made a mark, or marks, upon his skin. (TA.) حَبْرٌ: see حُبُورٌ, in two places: b2: and حِبْرٌ, in two places: b3: and حِبِرٌ.

A2: Also حَبْرٌ and ↓ حِبْرٌ; (S, A, Msb, K, &c.;) but As says, I know not whether it be the former or the latter: (S:) IAar says both: A 'Obeyd says that some of the lawyers say the former; and some, the latter; (TA;) and that in his opinion it is the former: (S, TA:) AHeyth, that it is the former only: (TA:) Th mentions the former only: (Msb:) Fr says it is the latter only: (TA:) and the latter is [said to be] the more chaste because the pl. is of the measure أَفْعَالٌ, and not فُعُولٌ: (S, TA:) [but a pl. of the latter measure is also mentioned:] A learned man (As, S, Msb, K) of the Jews: (S, A:) or whether he be a Christian or Jewish or Sabean subject of a Muslim government, who pays a poll-tax for his freedom and toleration, or one who, having been such, has become a Muslim: or one skilled in the beautifying of language: (A 'Obeyd, S:) or a good, or righteous, man: (Kaab, K, TA:) pl. (of the former, Msb) حُبُورٌ, (Msb, K,) [but this is seldom used,] and (of the latter, Msb) أَحْبَارٌ. (IDrst, S, A, Msb, K, &c.) حِبْرٌ Ink, syn. مَدَادٌ, (Msb,) and نِقْسٌ, (K,) with which one writes: (S, Msb:) so called because it is one of the means of beautifying writings; (Mohammad Ibn-Zeyd, TA;) or because it beautifies, and makes plain, handwriting; (Hr, TA;) or because of the marks that it leaves: (As, TA:) pl. [of pauc.] أَحْبَارٌ (IDrst, TA) and [of mult.]

حُبُورٌ. (TA.) b2: I. q. وَشْىٌ [The variegation, or figuring, of cloth or of a garment; or a kind of variegated, or figured, cloth or garment]: (IAar, K:) pl. حُبُورٌ. (K, * TA.) [See also حِبَرَةٌ.] b3: A mark, or sign, of the enjoyment of ease and plenty: (As, S, K: [in one copy of the S, and in the CK, for أَثَرُ النَّعْمَةِ, I find, erroneously, أَثَرُ النِّعْمَةِ:]) and [hence,] beauty; (As, S, A, K;) beauty of aspect; or a beautiful and pleasing aspect, that satisfies the eye by its comeliness: (As, S, TA:) colour; complexion: (Fr, IAar, S, TA:) pl. أَحْبَارٌ (S) and حُبُورٌ. (K, * TA.) One says, إِنَّهُ لَحَسَنُ الحِبْرِ وَالسِّبْرِ Verily he is beautiful, and of goodly appearance: (As, S:) or of beautiful complexion. (IAar.) And ذَهَبَ حِبْرُهُ وَسِبْرُهُ His colour, or complexion, (Fr, S,) or beautiful, (A,) and goodliness of form or aspect, departed: (Fr, S, A:) from the saying, جَآءَتِ الأَبِلُ حَسَنَةَ الأَحْبَارِ وَالأَسْبَارِ [The camels came beautiful in colours and in appearances]. (Fr, S, A. *) One says also, وَالسَّبْرِ ↓ فُلَانٌ حَسَنُ الحَبْرِ: where حبر seems to be the inf. n. of حَبَرْتُهُ “ I made him, or it, beautiful. ” (S.) b4: Also, (S, K,) and ↓ حَبْرٌ (TA) and ↓ حَبَرٌ (K) and ↓ حَبَارٌ (S, K) and ↓ حِبَارٌ, (A, K,) A mark, or trace, (S, A, K,) of beating, (A,) or of a blow that has not brought blood, or of a healed wound, (TA,) or of work, or labour: (A, TA:) pl. of the first [or second] حُبُورٌ (Yaakoob, S, K) and [of the first and third, accord. to analogy,] أَحْبَارٌ; (TA;) and of the fourth حَبَارَاتٌ, (Yaakoob, S, TA,) it having no broken pl. (TA.) One says, بِهِ حُبُورٌ Upon him are marks [of beating, &c.]. (S.) and الضَّرْبِ ↓ بِجِلْدِهِ حِبَارُ Upon his skin is the mark of beating. (A.) And العَمَلِ ↓ بِيَدِهِ حِبَارُ Upon his hand is the mark of work, or labour. (A.) b5: See also حِبِرٌ. b6: And see حُبُورٌ.

A2: Also, [like the Hebrew ?, and the Chaldee ?,] A like; an equal; a fellow. (K.) b2: See also حَبْرٌ.

حَبَرٌ: see حُبُورٌ: A2: and حِبْرٌ: b2: and حِبَرَةٌ.

حَبِرٌ: see حَبِيرٌ.

حِبَرٌ: see حِبَرَةٌ.

حِبِرٌ, (Msb, K,) the only subst. of this form beside إِبِلٌ, (Msb,) [and a few rare dial. vars.,] and ↓ حِبْرٌ (K) and ↓ حَبْرٌ (A, K) and ↓ حِبِرَةٌ (S, Msb, K) and ↓ حَبْرَةٌ (A, K,) and ↓ حُبْرَةٌ; (K;) or حِبِرٌ, without ة, [as also حِبْرٌ and حَبْرٌ,] is a pl. [or rather a coll. gen. n.], (S,) and with ة it is said to be a n. un. ; (Msb;) A yellowness that mingles with the whiteness of the teeth; (K;) a yellowness of the teeth; (Sh, A, Msb;) what is termed قَلَحٌ in the teeth: (S:) or قَلَحٌ is when they become green: and when the crust increases so as to encroach upon the gums, and to make the roots of the teeth to appear, this is what is termed حَفْرٌ and حَفَرٌ: (Sh, Msb, TA:) pl. حُبُورٌ. (K.) حَبْرَةٌ: see حُبُورٌ, in three places. b2: Also Extraordinariness (مُبَالَغَةٌ) in a thing that is described as beautiful. (K.) [See 1.] b3: A musical performance, or concert, instrumental or vocal or both, (سَمَاعٌ,) in Paradise; (Zj, K;) agreeably with which signification Zj explains [the verb in] the verse of the Kur [xxx. 14, or xliii. 70]: (TA:) and any sweet melody. (K.) A2: See also حِبِرٌ.

حُبْرَةٌ: see حِبِرٌ.

حَبَرَةٌ: see حُبُورٌ: A2: and see also the next paragraph, in two places.

حِبَرَةٌ (S, Mgh, Msb, K) and ↓ حَبَرَةٌ (K) A [garment of the kind called] بُرْد, (S, Mgh,) or a sort of بُرْد, (K,) of the fabric of El-Yemen, (S, Mgh, K,) striped (مُنَمَّرٌ [or this word, q. v., may perhaps signify spotted]); (TA;) a kind of garment of the fabric of El-Yemen, of cotton or linen, striped (مُخَطَّطٌ): (Msb:) pl. حِبَرٌ and حِبَرَاتٌ (S, Mgh, Msb, K) and حَبَرٌ and حَبَرَاتٌ: (TA:) [or rather ↓ حِبَرٌ and ↓ حَبَرٌ are coll. gen. ns.] Accord. to Lth, (Az, Mgh, TA,) حبرة is not a place, nor a known thing, but only signifies وَشْىٌ [see حِبْرٌ]; (Az, Mgh, Msb, TA;) and one says بُرْدٌ حِبَرَةٌ (Msb, TA) and بُرُودٌ حِبَرَةٌ, (TA,) and بُرْدُ حِبَرَةٍ (Mgh, Msb, TA) and بُرُودُ حِبَرَةٍ, (Mgh, TA,) like as one says ثُوْبُ قِرْمِزٍ, the word قرمز signifying a certain dye. (Az, Msb, TA.) [The term ↓ حَبَرَةٌ is now applied in Egypt to A lady's outer covering of silk, black for the married, and white for the unmarried, worn in ridding and walking abroad; the former worn also by concubine slaves. See also حَبِيرٌ.]

حِبِرَةٌ: see حِبِرٌ.

حِبْرِىٌّ A seller of ink. (K.) ↓ حَبَّارٌ, also, is mentioned as having the same signification; and some say that analogy is a sufficient authority for it: but it is disallowed by F. (TA.) حِبَرِىٌّ, not ↓ حَبَّارٌ, (K,) or the latter is allowable on the ground of analogy, (MF,) A seller of the garments called حِبَرٌ. (K.) [See حِبَرَةٌ.]

حُبْرُورٌ (Msb, K) and ↓ حِبْرِيرٌ and ↓ حَبَرْبَرٌ and ↓ حُبُرْبُورٌ and ↓ يَحْبُورٌ [in the CK بَحْبُورٌ] and ↓ حُبُّورٌ (K) The young one of the حُبَارَى: (Msb, K:) pl. حَبَارِيرُ and حَبَابِيرُ. (K.) [See also يَحْبُورٌ below.]

حِبْرِيرٌ: see what next precedes.

حَبَرْبَرٌ: see what next precedes.

حُبُرْبُورٌ: see what next precedes.

حَبَارٌ: see حِبْرٌ. b2: Also The هَيْئَة [i. e. form, or aspect, or the like, or goodliness of form or aspect,] of a man. (Aboo-Safwán, Lh.) حِبَارٌ: see حِبْرٌ, in three places.

حُبُورٌ and ↓ حَبْرٌ, (S, K,) or ↓ حِبْرٌ, with kesr, (Msb,) and ↓ حَبَرٌ, which last occurs in a verse of El-'Ajjáj, for حَبْرٌ, [by poetic license,] (S,) and ↓ حَبْرَةٌ (A, K) and ↓ حَبَرَةٌ, (K,) Happiness, joy, or gladness: (S, Msb, K:) or the first signifies cheerfulness; i. e. pleasure, or delight, and dilatation of the heart, which has a visible effect in the aspect: (TA voce سُرُورٌ:) and the same word (IAth) and ↓ حَبْرَةٌ (Az, IAth, K) and ↓ حَبْرٌ, (K,) a state of ease and plenty; syn. نَعْمَةٌ: (IAth, K: [in the CK and in a MS. copy of the K, erroneously, نِعْمَة:]) or a state of complete, or perfect, ease and plenty: (Az:) and ampleness of the circumstances of life. (IAth.) [See 1. Hence the saying,] بَعْدَهَا عَبْرَةٌ ↓ كُلُّ حَبْرَةٍ [After every state of happiness, or joy, &c., is a tear]. (A.) حَبِيرٌ A [garment of the kind called] بُرْد, variegated, (مُوَشَّىِ,) (K,) [i. e.] striped. (TA.) One says بُرْدٌ حَبِيرٌ and بُرْدُ حَبِيرٍ. (TA.) [See also حِبَرَةٌ. Hence the saying,] لَبِسَ حَبِيرَ الحُبُورِ وَاسْتَوَى

عَلَى سَرِيرِ السُّرُورِ (tropical:) [He clad himself with the mantle of cheerfulness, and seated himself firmly upon the couch of happiness]. (A.) b2: Also, applies to a garment, or piece of cloth, New: (S, K:) and soft and new; (K, TA;) applied to the same; (TA;) and so ↓ حَبِرٌ; (K;) which also signifies a soft thing: (TA:) pl. of the former حُبْرٌ. (K.) b3: And Clouds; syn. سَحَابٌ: (S:) or clouds spotted (مُنَمَّرٌ); (K;) in which one sees what resembles تَنْمِير, by reason of the abundance of their water; but Er-Riyáshee disapproves of this. (TA.) حُبَارَى [a word respecting which J says,] its alif [written ى] is not the fem. alif nor the alif of quasi-coordination; [as F says of the alif of قَبَعْثَرًى, though he finds fault with J for saying thus of the alif of حُبَارَى; (see أَلِفُ التَّكْثِيرِ, in art. ا)] the name [says J] being only composed with it, so that it is as it were a part of the word itself, which is imperfectly decl. when determinate and when indeterminate; i. e., without tenween: (S:) but its alif is the fem. alif; for were it not so, it would be perfectly decl.; (K;) and J says that it is imperfectly decl.: (TA:) and his saying that the alif is [as it were] a part of the word itself is a strange expression, for which it would be difficult to give an answer, and which therefore requires not exorbitance: but “ it is sufficient excellence for a man that his faults may be counted: ” (M:) [A species of bustard;] a certain bird, (S, Msb, K,) well known, of the form of the goose, with a dustcolour upon its head and belly, and the back and wings of which are for the most part of the colour of the quail; (Msb;) or it is a long-necked bird, of an ash-colour, of the form of the goose, with a beak somewhat long, and that is preyed upon, but does not itself prey: Az says that it does not drink water, and that it lays its eggs in distant sands: [the truth is, that it drinks seldom: the male bird has a pouch, extending from beneath the tongue to the breast, said to be large enough to contain seven quarts of water; and it has been supposed by some that he fills this with water for the supply of himself and his mate:] and Az further says, We used, when we journeyed, to proceed in the mountains of EdDahnà, and sometimes we picked up in one day between four and eight of its eggs: it lays four eggs, of a bluish colour, more delicious in taste than those of the domestic hen and than those of the ostrich: and others say that it brings its food from a greater distance than any other bird; sometimes from a distance of many days' journey: also, that it is constantly provided with a thin excrement, or dung, which it voids upon the hawk when pursued by the latter; thus saving itself, by preventing the hawk from continuing its flight, and, as some say, causing its feathers to drop off: whence the prov., أَسْلَحُ مِنْ حُبَارَى: [see art. سلح:] (TA:) حُبَارَى is applied alike to the male and the female, and used as sing. and pl.: (S, K:) but it has pl. forms, (TA,) namely, حُبَارَيَاتٌ (S, Msb, K, TA) and حُبَارَاتٌ: (TA:) accord. to Sb, it has not حَبَارٍ, [in the TA incorrectly written حَبَارِى, as though it had the article ال prefixed to it, or were prefixed to another noun,] nor حَبَائِرُ, [though both of these are mentioned as pls. of it in several of the grammars of the Arabs,] in order to distinguish between حُبَارَى and nouns of the measures فَعْلَآءُ and فِعَالَةٌ and the like. (TA.) It is said in a prov., وَكُلُّ شَىْءٍ قَدْ يُحِبُّ وَلَدَهْ حَتَّى الحُبَارَى وَتَطِيرُ عَنَدَهُ [And everything certainly loves its offspring: even the bustard; and it flies by its side]: (S, Mgh: *) [in the TA, وَيَدِفُّ عَنَدَهْ:] it flies by the side of its young one to teach it to fly before its wings have grown, because of its stupidity: (TA:) the حبارى is thus specially mentioned because it is proverbial for stupidity, and, notwithstanding its stupidity, loves its offspring, and teaches it to fly. (S, Mgh.) Another prov. is, فُلَانٌ مَيِّتْ كَمَدَ الحُبَارَى [Such a one is dying with the concealed grief of the bustard]: because the حبارى moults with other birds, but its new feathers are slow in coming: so when the other birds fly, it is unable to do so, and dies of concealed grief. (TA.) [See also حُبْرُورٌ, and يَحْبُورٌ.]

حَبَّارٌ: see حِبْرِىٌّ: b2: and حِبَرِىٌّ.

حُبُّورٌ: see حُبْرُورٌ.

حَابُورٌ A sitting-place, or a company sitting together, (مَجْلِس,) of unrighteous persons [or revellers]: (S, K:) from حَبَرَهُ “ it made him happy,” &c. (S.) مًحْبَرَةٌ, (Msb, K,) which is the most approved form, (Msb, TA,) and ↓ محْبَرَةٌ, (S, Msb,) because it is an instrument, (Msb, TA,) a correct form, though said in the K to be incorrect, (TA,) and ↓ مَحْبُرَةٌ (Msb, K) and ↓ مَحْبُرَّةٌ, (K,) the last used by poetic license, (TA,) The place, (S, K,) or earthern pot, or glass bottle, (TA,) in which ink is put: (S, K, TA:) pl. مَحَابِرُ. (Msb.) A2: Also, the first of these words, A thing, or things, in which happiness, joy, or gladness, is usually found: such are women said to be. (TA from a trad.) [A cause of happiness, joy, or gladness; agreeably with analogy: of the same class as مَجْبَنَةٌ and مَبْخَلَةٌ.]

مَحْبُرَةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

مِحْبَرَةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

مَحْبُرَّةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

مُحَبَّرٌ A man (T) having his skin marked by the bites of fleas. (T, K.) b2: An arrow well pared. (K.) يَحْبُورٌ, applied to a man, [Very happy, joyful, glad, or cheerful;] of the measure يَفْعُولٌ from الحُبُورُ: (S:) a soft, tender, or delicate, man: pl. يَحَابِيرُ. (AA, TA.) A2: A certain bird: or the male of the حُبَارَى: or its young one. (K.) See حُبْرُورٌ.

حمر

1 حَمَرَ, (S, K,) aor. ـُ (S,) inf. n. حَمْرٌ, (TA,) He pared a thong; stripped it of its superficial part: (S, K:) or he (a sewer of leather or of skins) pared a thong by removing its inner superficial part, and then oiled it, previously to sewing with it, so that it became easy [to sew with; app. because this operation makes it to appear of a red, or reddish, colour]. (Yaakoob, S.) b2: and [hence,] He pared, or peeled, anything; divested or stripped it of its superficial part, peel, bark, coat, covering, crust, or the like: and ↓ حمرّ, inf. n. تَحْمِيرٌ, signifies the same in an intensive degree, or as applying to many objects; syn. قشّر. (TA.) b3: Also, (S, K,) aor. and inf. n. as above, (S,) He skinned a sheep [and thus made it to appear red]. (S, K.) b4: He shaved the head [and thus made it to appear red, or of a reddish-brown colour, the common hue of the Arab skin]. (K.) And حَمَرَتِ المَرْأَةُ جِلْدَهَا [The woman removed the hair of her skin]. (TA.) The term حَمْرٌ is [also] used in relation to soft hair, or fur, (وَبَر,) and wool. (TA.) b5: حَمَرَهُ بِالسَوْطِ He excoriated him (قَشَرَهُ) with the whip. (TA.) b6: حَمَرَ الأَرْض, aor. and inf. n. as above, It (rain) removed the superficial part of of the ground. (TA.) b7: حَمَرَهُ بِاللِّسَانِ (assumed tropical:) He galled him (قَشَرَهُ) with the tongue. (TA.) A2: حَمِرَ, aor. ـَ (Lth, S, K,) inf. n. حَمَرٌ, (Lth, S,) He (a horse) suffered indigestion from eating barley: or the odour of his mouth became altered, or stinking, (K, TA,) by reason thereof: (TA:) or he became diseased from eating much barley, (Lth,) or he suffered indigestion from eating barley, (S,) so that his mouth stank: (Lth, S:) and in like manner one says of a domestic animal [of any kind]: part. n. ↓ حَمِرٌ. (TA.) A3: حَمِرَ عَلَىَّ, (Sh, K, *) aor. and inf. n. as above, (Sh,) He (a man) burned with anger and rage against me. (Sh, K. *) A4: حَمِرَتِ الدَّابَّةُ, (K,) aor. and inf. n. as above, (TA,) [The horse] became like on ass in stupidity, dulness, or want of vigour, by reason of fatness. (K.) 2 حمّر, inf. n. تَحْمِيرٌ: see 1. b2: Also He cut [a thing] like pieces, or lumps, of flesh-meat. (K.) b3: He dyed a thing red. (Msb.) b4: [He wrote with red ink. b5: See also تَحْمِيرٌ, below.]

A2: He called another an ass; saying, O ass. (K.) A3: He rode a مِحْمَر; i. e. a horse got by a stallion of generous race out of a mare not of such race; or a jade. (A, TA.) A4: He spoke the language, or dialect, of Himyer; (S, K;) as also ↓ تَحَمْيَرَ. (K.) 4 احمر He (a man, TA) had a white child (وَلَدٌ أَحْمَرُ,) born to him. (K.) A2: He fed a beast so as to cause its mouth to become altered in odour, or stinking, (K, TA,) from much barley. (TA.) 5 تحمّر He asserted himself to be related to [the race of] Himyer: or he imagined himself as though he were one of the Kings of Himyer: thus explained by IAar. (TA.) 7 انحمر مَا عَلَى الجِلْدِ [What was upon the skin became removed]: said of hair and of wool. (TA.) 9 احمرّ, (S, Msb, K,) inf. n. اِحْمِرَارٌ, (K,) It became أَحْمَر [or red]; (Msb, K;) as also ↓ احمارّ: (K:) both these verbs signify the same: (S:) or the former signifies it was red, constantly, not changing from one state to another: and ↓ the latter, it became red, accidentally, not remaining so; as when you say, جَعَلَ يَحْمَارُّ مَرَّةً وَيَصْفَارُّ أُخْرَى

He, or it, began to become red one time and yellow another. (TA.) [It is also said that] every verb of the measure اِفْعَلَّ is contracted from اِفْعَالَّ; and that the former measure is the more common because [more] easy to be pronounced. (TA.) b2: احمرّ البَأْسُ (tropical:) War, or the war, became vehement, or fierce: (S, A, IAth, Msb, K:) or the fire of war burned fiercely. (TA.) 11 إِحْمَاْرَّ see 9, in two places. Q. Q. 2 تَحَمْيَرَ: see 2. b2: Also He (a man, TA) became evil in disposition. (K.) حَمرٌ, applied to a horse &c.: see حَمِرَ.

A2: Also A man burning with anger and rage: pl. حَمِرُونَ. (Sh.) حُمَرٌ (incorrectly written, by some physicians and others, ↓ حُمَّرٌ, with teshdeed, MF) and ↓ حَوْمَرٌ (which is of the dial. of the people of 'Omán, a form disallowed by MF, but his disallowal requires consideration, TA) The tamarindfruit: (K:) it abounds in the Saráh (السَّرَاة) and in the country of 'Omán, and was seen by AHn in the tract between the two mosques [of Mekkeh and El-Medeeneh]: its leaves are like those of the خِلَاف called البَلْخِىّ: AHn says, people cook with it: its tree is large, like the walnut-tree; and its fruit is in the form of pods, like the fruit of the قَرَظ. (TA.) A2: Also, the former word, Asphaltum, or Jews' pitch; bitumen Judaicum; syn. قَفْرٌ يَهُودِىٌّ. (Ibn-Beytár: see De Sacy's Abd-allatif,” p. 274.) A3: See also حُمَّرٌ.

حُمْرَةٌ [Redness;] a well-known colour; (Msb, K;) the colour of that which is termed أَحْمَرُ: (S, A:) it is in animals, and in garments &c.; and, accord. to IAar, in water [when muddy; for it signifies brownness, and the like: but when relating to complexion, whiteness: see أَحْمَرُ]. (TA.) b2: الحُمْرَةُ [Erysipelas: to this disease the term is evidently applied by Ibn-Seenà, in vol. ii. pp. 63 and 64 of the printed Arabic text of his قانون; and so it is applied by the Arabian physicians in the present day:] a certain disease which attacks human beings, in consequence of which the place thereof becomes red; (ISk, TA;) a certain swelling, of the pestilential kind; (T, K;) differing from phlegmone. (Ibn-Seenà ubi suprà.) b3: ذُو حُمْرَةٍ Sweet: applied to fresh ripe dates. (K.) b4: See also حِمِرٌّ.

حَمْرَى: see حَمَارَّةٌ.

حَمْرَآءُ [originally fem. of أَحْمَرُ, q. v.]: see حَمَارَّةٌ.

حِمِرٌّ Violent rain, (S,) such as removes the superficial part of the ground. (S, K.) b2: A severe night-journey to water. (TA.) A2: The most copious portion of rain; and violence thereof. (TA.) b2: (assumed tropical:) The violence, vehemence, or intenseness, of anything; as also ↓ حِمِرَّةٌ and ↓ حُمْرَةٌ. (TA.) b3: See also حَمَارَّةٌ, in two places. b4: Also The evil, or mischief, of a man. (K.) حِمِرَّةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

حِمَارٌ [The ass;] the well-known braying quadruped; (TA;) i. q. عَيْرٌ; (Az, S;) applied to the male; (Msb;) both domestic and wild: (Az, K:) the former is also called حِمَارٌ أَهْلِىٌّ; (Msb;) and the latter, حِمَارٌ وَحْشِىٌّ, (K,) and حِمَارُ الوَحْشِ, and ↓ يَحْمُورٌ: (S, K:) أَتَانٌ is the appellation applied to the female; and sometimes ↓ حِمَارَةٌ: (S, Msb, K: *) pl. [of pauc.] أَحْمِرَةٌ and [of mult.]

↓ حَمِيرٌ [more properly termed a quasi-pl. n.] and حُمُرٌ (S, Msb, K) and حُمْرٌ (S) and حُمُورٌ and ↓ مَحْمُورَآءُ, (K,) the last [a quasi-pl. n.] of a very rare form [of which see instances voce شَيْخٌ], (TA,) and حُمُرَاتٌ, (S, K,) which is said to be a pl. of حُمُرٌ. (TA.) b2: [Hence,] مُقَييِّدَةُ الحِمَارِ (assumed tropical:) A stony tract, of which the stones are black and worn and crumbling, as though burned with fire; syn. حَرَّةٌ: because the wild ass is impeded in it, and is as though he were shackled. (TA.) b3: and [hence,] بَنُو مُقَيِّدَةِ الحِمَارِ (assumed tropical:) Scorpions: because they are generally found in a حَرَّة. (TA. [See an ex. in verses cited voce رُمْحٌ.]) A2: A piece of wood in the fore part of the [saddle called] رَحْل, (K, TA,) upon which a woman [when riding] lays hold: and in the fore part of the [saddle called]

إِكَاف: and, accord. to Aboo-Sa'eed, the stick upon which [the saddles called] أَقْتَاب [pl. of قَتَبٌ] are carried. (TA.) b2: The wooden implement of the polisher, upon which he polishes iron [weapons &c.]. (Lth, K. *) b3: Three pieces of wood, (T, K,) or four, (T,) across which is placed another piece of wood; with which one makes fast a captive. (T, K.) [The last words of the explanation are يُؤْسَرُ بِهَا.]) b4: حِمَارُ الطُّنْبُورِ [The bridge of the mandoline;] a thing well-known. (TA.) b5: حَمَارُ قَبَّانَ [The wood-louse; so called in the present day;] a certain insect; (S, K;) a certain small insect, (Msb, TA,) that cleaves to the ground, (TA,) resembling the beetle, but smaller, (Msb,) and having many legs: (Msb, TA:) when any one touches it, it contracts itself like a thing folded. (Msb.) The حمار قبّان is also called حِمَارُ البَيْتِ; app. because its back resembles a قُبَّة. (TA in art. قب, q. v.) b6: حِمَارَانِ Two stones, (S, K,) which are set up, (S,) and upon which is placed another stone, (S, K,) which is thin, (TA,) and is called عَلَاةٌ, (S,) whereon [the preparation of curd called]

أَقِط is dried. (S, K.) b7: الحِمَارَانِ The two bright stars [a and حَمِيرٌ] in Cancer. (Kzw.) حَمِيرٌ Anything pared, or peeled; divested, or stripped, of its superficial part, peel, bark, coat, covering, crust, or the like; as also ↓ مَحْمُورٌ. (TA.) [See 1.] b2: Also, and ↓ حَمِيرَةٌ, i. q. أُشْكُزٌّ, i. e. A thong, or strap, (S, K,) white, and having its outside pared, (S,) in a horse's saddle, (K,) or with which horses' saddles are bound, or made fast: (S:) so called because it is pared. (TA.) A2: See also حِمَارٌ.

حَمَارَةٌ: see حَمَارَّةٌ.

حِمَارَةٌ: see حِمَارٌ. b2: Also A great, (K,) or great and wide, (TA,) mass of stone, or rock: (K:) and stones set up around a watering-trough or tank, to prevent its water from flowing forth: (S:) and a stone, (K,) or stones, (S,) set up around the booth in which a hunter lurks: (S, K:) but J should have said that حَمَائِرُ signifies stones: that حِمَارَةٌ is the sing.: that this latter signifies any wide stone: and the pl., stones that are set round a watering-trough or tank, to prevent the water from overflowing: (IB:) and حَمَائِرُ المَآءِ signifies four large and smooth masses of stone at the head of the well, upon which the drawer of the water stands. (TA in art. خلق.) Also, the sing., A wide stone that is put upon a trench or an oblong excavation, in the side of a grave, in which the corpse is placed: (K:) or upon a grave: (TA:) pl. as above. (K.) b3: A piece of wood in the [woman's vehicle called] هَوْدَج. (K.) b4: Three sticks, or pieces of palm-branches, having their [upper] ends bound together and their feet set apart, upon which the [vessel of skin called]

إِدَاوَة is hung, in order that the water may become cool. (TA.) And its pl., حَمَائِرُ, Three pieces of wood bound together [in like manner], upon which is put the وَطْب [or milk-skin], in order that the [insect called] حُرْقُوص may not eat it. (TA.) b5: حِمَارَةُ القَدَمِ, (K,) or القدم ↓ حمارّة [thus, without any vowel-sign written], with teshdeed to the ر, (IAth,) The elevated, or protuberant, part of the foot, above the toes (K, TA) and their joints, where the food of the thief is directed, in a trad., to be cut off. (TA.) حِمَارِىٌّ Of, or relating to, asses; asinine.]

حِمَارِيَّةٌ [Asinineness]. (A in art. خطب.) حَمِيرَةٌ: see حَمِيرٌ.

حُمَيْرَآءُ dim. of حَمْرَآءُ, fem. of أَحْمَرُ, q. v.

الحِمْيَرِيَّةُ The language, or dialect, of [the race of] Himyer, who had words and idioms different from those of the rest of the Arabs. (TA.) حَمَارٌّ: see what next follows.

حَمَارَّةٌ, (S, K, &c.,) a word of a rare form, of which the only other instances are said to be حَبَالَّةٌ and زَرَافَّةٌ and زَعَارَّةٌ and سَبَارَّةٌ and صَبَارَّةٌ and عَبَالَّةٌ, (TA,) and sometimes ↓ حَمَارَةٌ, without teshdeed, in poetry, (S, K,) and in prose also, as is said by Lh and others, (TA,) (tropical:) The intenseness of heat (Lth, Ks, S, A, K) of summer; (Lth, Ks, S, A;) and so ↓ حَمْرَآءُ; (TA;) which also signifies the same in relation to the noon, or summer-noon; (K;) and ↓ حَمْرَى, (Az, TA in art. بيض,) and ↓ حِمِرٌّ: (TA:) or the most intense heat of summer; (TA;;) as also ↓ حِمِرٌّ: (K, TA:) and sometimes, though rarely, used in relation to winter [as signifying the intenseness of cold; like صَبَارَّةٌ]: (TA:) pl. [or rather coll. gen. n.] ↓ حَمَارٌّ. (S.) A2: See also حِمَارَةٌ, last sentence.

حُمَّرٌ and ↓ حُمَرٌ, (S, Msb, K,) the former of which is the more common, (S, Msb,) [coll. gen. ns.,] A kind of bird, (S, Msb, K,) like the sparrow: (S, Msb:) accord. to Es-Sakháwee, the lark; syn. قُبَّرٌ [q. v.]: and حُمَّرَةٌ is said in the Mujarrad to be an appellation applied by the people of El-Medeeneh to the [bird commonly called] بُلْبُل; as also نُغَرَةٌ: (Msb:) حُمَّرَةٌ and حُمَرَةٌ are the ns. of un.: (S, Msb, K:) pl. حُمَّرَاتٌ (S, TA) [and حُمَرَاتٌ].

A2: See also حُمَرٌ.

حَمَّارٌ: see حَمَّارَةٌ. b2: Also A seller of asses. (TA.) حَمَّارَةٌ, [a coll. gen. n.,] Owners, or attendants, of asses (S, K, TA) in a journey; (S, TA;) as also ↓ حَامِرَةٌ: (K:) n. un. ↓ حَمَّارٌ (S, TA) and ↓ حَامِرٌ. (TA.) A2: See also مِحْمَرٌ, in two places.

حَامِرٌ: see حَمَّارَةٌ.

حَوْمَرٌ: see حُمَرٌ.

حَامِرَةٌ: see حَمَّارَةٌ.

أَحْمَرُ [Red: and also brown, or the like:] a thing of the colour termed حُمْرَةٌ: (Msb, K:) it is in animals, and in garments &c.; and, accord. to IAar, in water [when muddy]: and so ↓ يَحْمُورٌ: (K:) fem. of the former حَمْرَآءُ: (Msb:) pl. حُمْرٌ and حُمْرَانٌ: (K:) or when it means dyed with the colour termed حُمْرَةٌ, the pl. is حُمْرٌ (S, Msb) and حُمْرَانٌ; for you say ثِيَابٌ حُمْرٌ and حُمْرَانٌ [red garments]: (TA:) but if you apply it as an epithet to a man, [in which case it has other meanings than those explained above, as will be shown in what follows,] the pl. is أَحَامِرُ (S) and حُمْرٌ: (TA:) or if it means a thing having the colour termed حُمْرَةٌ, the pl. is أَحَامِرُ, because, in this case, it is a subst., not an epithet. (Msb.) ↓ أَحْمَرِىٌّ also signifies the same as أَحْمَرُ: (Ham p. 379:) or, as some say, it has an intensive sense. (TA voce كَرُوبِيُّونَ.) It is said in the S, in art. دك, that حَمْرَاوَاتٌ is a pl. of حَمْرَآءُ, like as دَكَّاوَاتٌ, is of دَكَّآءُ; but it is not so. (IB in that art.) b2: Applied to a camel, Of a colour like that of saffron when a garment is dyed with it so that it stands up by reason of [the thickness of] the dye: (TA:) or of an unmixed red colour; (As, S in art. كمت, and TA;) and so the fem. when applied to a she-goat. (TA.) It is said that, of she-camels, the حَمْرَآء is the most able to endure the summer midday-heat; and the وَرْقَآء, to endure nightjourneying; and that the صَهْبَآء is the most notable and the most beautiful to look at: so said Aboo-Nasr En-Na'ámee: and the Arabs say that the best of camels are the حُمْر and the صُهْب. (TA.) [Hence,] حُمْرُ النَّعَمِ signifies (assumed tropical:) The high-bred, or excellent, of camels: and is proverbially applied to anything highly prized, precious, valuable, or excellent. (Mgh, Msb.) b3: Applied to a man, (AA, Sh, Az,) White (AA, Sh, Az, K) in complexion; (Az;) because أَبْيَضُ might be considered as of evil omen [implying the meaning of leprosy]: (AA, Sh:) or, accord. to Th, because the latter epithet, applied to a man, was only used by the Arabs as signifying “ pure,” or “ free from faults: ” but they sometimes used this latter epithet in the sense of “ white in complexion,”

applied to a man &c.: (IAth:) fem., in the same sense, حَمْرَآءُ: the dim. of which, ↓ حُمَيْرَآءُ, occurs in a trad., applied to 'Áïsheh. (K, * TA.) So, accord. to some, in the trad., بُعِثْتُ إِلَى الأَحْمَرِ وَالأَسْوَدِ, (TA,) i. e. I have been sent to the white and the black; because these two epithets comprise all mankind: (Az, TA:) [therefore, by the former we should understand the white and the red races; and by the latter, the negroes: but some hold that by the former are meant the foreigners, and] by the latter are meant the Arabs. (TA.) One says also, [when speaking of Arabs and more northern races,] أَتَانِى كُلُّ أَسْوَدَ مِنْهُمْ وَأَحْمَرَ, meaning Every Arab of them, and foreigner, came to me: and one should not say, in this sense, أَبْيَضَ. (AA, As, S.) الحَمْرَآءُ, also, is applied to The foreigners (العَجَمُ) [collectively]; (S, A, K;) because a reddish white is the prevailing hue of their complexion: (S:) or the Persians and Greeks: or those foreigners mostly characterized by whiteness of complexion; as the Greeks and Persians. (TA.) You say, لَيْسَ فِى

الحَمْرَآءِ مِثْلُهُ There is not among the foreigners (العَجَم) the like of him. (A.) And accord. to some, الأَحْمَرُ وَالأَبْيَضُ means The Arabs and the foreigners. (TA.) الحَمْرَآءُ [so in the TA, but correctly أَبْنَآءُ الحَمْرَآءِ,] is an appellation applied to Emancipated slaves: and اِبْنُ حَمْرَآءِ العِجَانِ, meaning Son of the female slave, is an appellation used in reviling and blaming. (TA.) b4: Also (tropical:) A man having no weapons with him: pl. حُمْرٌ (A, K) and حُمْرَانٌ. (K.) b5: الحُسْنُ أَحْمَرُ meansBeauty is in الحُمْرَة [app. fairness of complexion; i. e. beauty is fair-complexioned]: (TA:) or (assumed tropical:) beauty is attended by difficulty; i. e. he who loves beauty must bear difficulty, or distress: (IAth:) or the lover experiences from beauty what is experienced from war. (ISd, K.) b6: الأَحْمَرُ A sort of dates: (K:) so called because of their colour. (TA.) b7: الأَحْمَرُ وَالأَبْيَضُ Gold and silver. (TA.) And الأَحْمَرَانِ Flesh-meat and wine; (S, A, K;) said to destroy men: (S:) so in the saying, نَحْنُ مِنْ أَهْلِ الأَسْوَدَيْنِ لَا الأَحْمَرَيْنِ We are of the people of dates and water, not of flesh-meat and wine: (A:) or the beverage called نَبِيذ and flesh-meat. (IAar.) Also Wine and [garments of the kind called] بُرُود. (Sh.) and Gold and saffron; (Az, ISd, K;) said to destroy women; i. e. the love of ornaments and perfumes destroys them: (Az:) or these are called الأَصْفَرَانِ; (AO, TA;) and milk and water, الأَبْيَضَانِ; (TA;) and dates and water, الأَسْوَدَانِ. (A, TA.) And الأَحَامِرَةُ Flesh-meat and wine and [the perfume called] الخَلُوق: (S, K:) or gold and flesh-meat and wine; as also الأَخَاضِرُ: (TA in art. خضر:) or gold and saffron and الخَلُوق. (ISd, TA.) b8: المَوْتُ الأَحْمَرُ (assumed tropical:) Slaughter; (L, K;) because it occasions the flowing of blood: (TA:) and [so in the L, but in the K “ or ”] (tropical:) violent death: (S, A, L, K:) or death in which the sight of the man becomes dim by reason of terror, so that the world appears red and black before his eyes: (A 'Obeyd:) or it may mean (assumed tropical:) recent, fresh, death; from the phrase next following. (As.) b9: وَطْأَةٌ حَمْرَآءُ (tropical:) A new, or recent, footstep, or footprint: opposed to دَهْمَآءُ. (As, S, A.) b10: سَنَةٌ حَمْرَآءُ (tropical:) A severe year; (S, K;) because it is a mean between the سَوْدَآء and the بَيْضآء: or a year of severe drought; because, in such a year, the tracts of the horizon are red: (TA:) when الجَبْهَةُ [the tenth Mansion of the Moon (see مَنَازِلُ القَمَرِ in art. نزل)] breaks its promise [of bringing rain], the year is such as is thus called. (AHn.) b11: See also حَمْرَآءُ voce حَمَارَّةٌ. b12: جَآءَ بِغَنَمِهِ حُمْرَ الكُلَى, and, in like manner, سُودَ البُطُونِ, (tropical:) He brought his sheep or goats, in a lean, or an emaciated, state. (A, * TA.) أَحْمَرِىٌّ: see أَحْمَرُ.

تَحْمِيرٌ [an inf. n. (of حَمَّرَ) used as a subst.] A bad kind of tanning. (K. [For دِبْغٌ in the CK, I read دَبْغٌ, as in other copies of the K.]) مِحْمَرٌ i. q. مِحْلَأٌ; (K; in the CK مِحْلاء;) i. e. The iron instrument, or stone, with which one shaves off the hair and dirt on the surface of a hide, and with which one skins. (L, TA. [But for the last words of the explanation in those two lexicons, ينشف به, I read يُنْتَقُ بِهِ.]) A2: Also, (S, TA,) in the K, [and in a copy of the A,] مَحَمَّرٌ, which is a mistake, (TA,) A horse got by a stallion of generous, or Arabian, race, out of a mare not of such a race; or not of generous birth; or a jade; syn. هَجِينٌ; (S, A, K;) in Persian, پَالَانِىْ; (S, K;) as also ↓ حَمَّارَةٌ: (K:) or a horse of mean race, that resembles the ass in his slowness of running: and a bad beast: (TA:) pl. مَحَامِرُ (S, A, TA) and مَحَامِيرُ: (TA:) and accord. to the T, ↓ حَمَّارَةٌ signifies [not as it is explained above, as a sing., but] i. q. مَحَامِرُ; and Z explains it as an epithet applied to horses, signifying that run like asses. (TA.) b2: Also An ignoble, or a mean, man: (K, * TA:) and a man who will not give unless pressed and importuned. (K, * TA.) المُحَمِّرَةٌ A sect of the خُرَّمِيَّة, who opposed the مُبَيِّضَة (S, K) and the مُسَوِّدَة: (TA:) a single person thereof was called مُحَمِّرٌ: (S, K:) they made their ensigns red, in opposition to the مسوّدة of the Benoo-Háshim; and hence they were thus called, like as the حَرُورِيَّة were called المُبَيِّضَةُ because their ensigns in war were white. (T.) مَحْمُورٌ: see حَمِيرٌ.

مَحْمُورَآءُ: see حِمَارٌ يَحْمُورٌ The wild ass: see حِمَارٌ: (S, Mgh, K:) or a certain kind of wild animal: (Mgh:) [the oryx; to which the name is generally applied; and so in Hebrew: see also بَقَرُ الوَحْشِ, in art. بقر:] a certain beast (K, TA) resembling the she-goat. (TA.) b2: And A certain bird. (K.) A2: See also أَحْمَرُ.