روض

1 رَاضَ, (S, M, A, Msb, K,) aor. ـُ (S,) inf. n. رِيَاضَةٌ (S, M, A, Msb, K) and رِيَاضٌ, (S, M, K,) or the latter is used poetically for the former, and رَوْضٌ, (M,) He broke, or trained, (M, K, Msb,) a colt, (S, K,) or beast, (M, A, Msb,) and made it easy to ride upon: (M:) or he taught it to go: (TA:) and ↓ روّض, inf. n. تَرْوِيضٌ, he did so well, or vigorously. (S, TA.) b2: Hence, رَاضَ صَاحِبَهُ (assumed tropical:) [He made his companion easy and tractable]. (TA.) b3: [Hence also,] رَاضَ نَفْسَهُ (assumed tropical:) [He trained, disciplined, or subdued, himself: or] he became clement, or forbearing. (Msb.) And نَفْسَكَ بِالتَّقْوَى ↓ رَوِّضْ (tropical:) [Train, discipline, or subdue, thyself well by piety]. (A, TA.) b4: [Hence also,] رَاضَ الشَّاعِرُ القَوَافِىَ (tropical:) [The poet rendered rhymes, or verses, easy to him by practice]. (A, TA.) And لَهُ أَمْرًا ↓ روّض (assumed tropical:) He made an affair easy to him; syn. سَوَّسَهُ, q. v. (TA in art. سوس.) b5: [Hence also,] رُضْتُ الدُّرَّ, inf. n. رِيَاضَةٌ, (tropical:) I bored the pearls: and هُوَ صَعْبُ الرِّيَاضَةِ, and سَهْلُ الرياضة, (tropical:) It is difficult to bore, and easy to bore. (A, TA.) 2 رَوَّضَ see 1, in three places.

A2: روّض, (K,) inf. n. تَرْوِيضٌ, (TA,) He kept to the رِيَاض [pl. of رَوْضَة, q. v.]. (K.) A3: روّض القَرَاحَ, (S, K,) or الأَرْضَ, (M, A,) He, or it, (a man, S, or a torrent, M, or the rain, A,) made the clear or bare land, (S, K,) or the land, (M, A,) a رَوْضَة. (S, M, K.) And اللّٰهُ الأَرْضَ ↓ اراض God made the land رِيَاض. (M.) 3 راوضهُ, (S, A, K,) عَلَى أَمْرِ كَذَا, (S,) or عَلَى كَذَا, (A,) inf. n. مُرَاوَضَةٌ, (Mgh,) (tropical:) He coaxed, wheedled, beguiled, or deluded, him; (S, A, Mgh, K;) and he endeavoured to deceive or beguile him; like as he does who is training a beast not yet rendered perfectly tractable; (Mgh;) in order to make him enter into such a thing or affair; (S;) or until he entered into such a thing. (A.) b2: Hence, (Mgh,) بَيْعُ المُرَاوَضَةِ (tropical:) That mode of selling which is termed بَيْعُ المُوَاصَفَةِ; (Mgh, K; *) which is when one describes to a man an article of merchandise not present with him: (Sh, K:) this is said in a trad. to be an action that is disapproved: (K:) but some of the professors of practical law allow it when the article of merchandise agrees with the description. (L.) 4 اراض (Yaakoob, S, A) and أَرْوَضَ (Yaakoob, S) It (a place) became abundant in its رِيَاض [pl. of رَوْضَةٌ, q. v.]; (Yaakoob, S, A;) as also ↓ استراض. (A.) And أَرْوَضَتِ الأَرْضُ and أَرَاضَت The land became clad with plants, or herbage (M.) b2: [And hence,] اراض (tropical:) It (a valley) had water stagnating, or remaining, or collecting, in it; (S, A, Msb, K;) concealing its bottom; (A;) as also ↓ استراض: (S, M, A, Msb, K:) and so the former verb, (S,) or ↓ both, (A,) said of a watering-trough: (S, A:) or, when said of a watering-trough, the former verb signifies (assumed tropical:) it had its bottom, or lower part, covered with water: (M:) and ↓ the latter, (assumed tropical:) the water spread widely upon the surface thereof; (M;) and so the former too: (TA:) or ↓ the latter, (tropical:) it had a sufficient quantity of water poured into it to conceal its bottom; (O, K;) or to cover its bottom, or lower part. (L, TA.) b3: And from اراض, said of a watering-trough, has originated the saying, (S,) شَرِبُوا حَتَّى أَرَاضُوا (assumed tropical:) (assumed tropical:) They drank until they thoroughly satisfied their thirst. (S, K. *) and اراض also signifies (assumed tropical:) He drank a second draught after a first. (K.) A2: اراض اللّٰهُ الأَرْضَ: see 2. b2: [Hence,] اراض الحَوْضَ (assumed tropical:) He poured into the watering-trough a sufficient quantity of water to conceal its bottom. (TA.) b3: And hence, (TA,) أَرَاضَهُمْ, said of a vessel, (tropical:) It satisfied their thirst: (S, * K:) or it satisfied their thirst in some degree. (M, TA.) Hence the saying, فَدَعَا بِإِنَآءٍ يُرِيضُ الرَّهْطَ (tropical:) And he called for a vessel which would satisfy (K, TA) in some degree (TA) the [number of men termed a] رَهْط; (K, TA;) occurring in a trad., (TA,) accord. to one relation, but the more common is يُرْبِضُ, (K, TA,) with the singlepointed ب. (TA.) b4: اراض also signifies (assumed tropical:) He poured milk upon milk; (K;) accord. to A 'Obeyd; but he deems it strange. (TA.) 6 التَّرَاوُضُ in selling and buying is syn. with التَّحَاذِى; i. e. (tropical:) The increasing [of the sum offered] and diminishing [of the sum demanded] which take place between the two parties bargaining; as though each of them were making his companion easy and tractable; from الرِّيَاضَةُ as inf. n. of رَاضَ in the first of the senses expl. above. (TA.) In the phrase تَرَاوَضَا السِّلْعَةَ, meaning (assumed tropical:) They coaxed, wheedled, beguiled, or deluded, each other, with respect to the article of merchandise, [in the manner explained above, or otherwise,] the omission of the prep. [فِى] requires consideration. (Mgh.) You say also, تَرَاوَضَا فِى الأَمْرِ (assumed tropical:) They practised dissimulation, or showed feigned affection, each to the other, in, or respecting, the thing, or affair; as also تَنَاظَرَا: (TK in art. نظر:) التَّرَاوُضُ فِى الأَمْرِ is syn. with التَّنَاظُرُ. (M and K in art. نظر.) 8 ارتاض, said of a colt, (K,) and ارتاضت, (S, A,) said of a she-camel, (S,) or of a beast (دَابَّة), (A,) It became broken, or trained. (S, A, * K, TA.) b2: [And hence,] ارتاضت القَوَافِى لِلشَّاعِرِ (tropical:) [The rhymes, or verses, became rendered easy by practice to the poet]. (A, TA.) 10 استراض: see 4, in five places. b2: Also (assumed tropical:) It (water) stagnated, or remained, or collected, in a place. (TA.) b3: And (assumed tropical:) It (a place, S, M, K) was, or became, wide, ample, or spacious. (S, M, Msb, K.) b4: And [hence (see its part. n. below)] استراضت النَّفْسُ (tropical:) The mind was, or became, dilated, free from straitness, cheerful, or happy. (K, TA.) رَوْضٌ: see the paragraph next following, near the middle, in three places; and again, in the last sentence of the same.

رَوْضَةٌ (S, M, A, Msb, K) and ↓ رِيضَةٌ (AA, A, K) and ↓ رِيِّضَةٌ (TA) [seem to be best rendered, in general, A meadow; meaning, a verdant tract of land, somewhat watery; or (as in Johnson's dictionary) ground somewhat watery, not ploughed, but covered with grass and flowers: and sometimes, a garden: accord. to the following explanations:] verdant land: a place where water collects, and the herbage becomes abundant, without trees: or fresh green herbage, with water, or having water by its side; not otherwise: or, accord. to Aboo-Ziyád El-Kilábee, a tract of plain land, producing [lote-trees of the kind called]

سِدْر; which may be of the extent of Baghdád: and also, of herbs, or leguminous plants, and fresh green herbage: (M:) or this last [only]: (S:) or a tract of plain land, in which are جَرَاثِيم [perhaps here meaning ants' nests, as these are generally found in soft soil,] and soft hillocks, in the low, or best and most productive, parts of a country, where water stagnates, or remains, or collects, at least a hundred cubits in extent: (M:) or a tract of sand, and of fresh green herbage, where water stagnates, or remains, or collects; so called because of the stagnation, or remaining, or collecting, of the water therein: (A, K, TA:) it is said that رَوْضَةٌ is mostly applied to a place where beasts pasture at pleasure: some say that it signifies a land having waters and trees, and sweet, or pleasant, flowers: (TA:) or a place that is pleasant with flowers; said to be so called because the waters that flow thither rest there: (Msb:) it is said in the 'Ináyeh, that ↓ رَوْضٌ [perhaps a mistake for رَوْضَةٌ] signifies a garden; and in common conventional language, one having rivers, or rivulets: MF says that rivers, or rivulets, do not necessarily belong to the signification; but that having water does; though not in common conventional language: (TA:) accord. to Th, رَوْضَةٌ signifies a beautiful garden: (M:) the pl. of رَوْضَةٌ is ↓ رَوْضٌ, (S, M, K,) [or rather this is a coll. gen. n.,] and رِيَاضٌ, (S, M, A, Msb, K,) originally رِوَاضٌ, (S,) and رِيضَانٌ, (Lth, M, K,) originally رِوْضَانٌ, (TA,) or rather رِيضَانٌ is pl. of ↓ رَوْضٌ, (M,) and رَوْضَاتٌ, (M, Msb,) in the dial. of Hudheyl رَوَضَاتٌ: (Msb:) Az says that the رياض of the hard and stony and rugged tracts in the desert are low level places, in which the rainwater stagnates, or remains, or collects, and which consequently produce various kinds of herbage, that do not quickly dry up and wither: that sometimes a رَوْضَة contains thickets of wild سِدْر: and sometimes it is a mile in length and breadth: but such as are very wide are termed قِيعَان. (TA.) It is said in a prov., أَحْسَنُ مِنْ بَيْضَةٍ فِى رَوْضَةٍ [More beautiful than an egg in a meadow, or garden]. (A, TA.) And one says, أَنَا عِنْدَكَ فِى رَوْضَةٍ (tropical:) [I, in thy presence, am as though I were in a meadow, or garden]: and مَجْلِسُكَ رَوْضَةٌ مِنْ رِيَاضِ الجَنَّةِ (tropical:) [Thy sittingplace is like a meadow, or garden, of the meadows, or gardens, of Paradise]. (A, TA.) Mohammad is related to have said, “Between my grave, or between my house, and my pulpit is a رَوْضَة of the رِيَاض of Paradise:” meaning, accord. to Th, that he who abides in this place is as though he abode in a روضة of the رياض of Paradise. (M.) [See another tropical meaning of رِيَاضُ الجَنَّةِ voce رَتَعَ, last sentence.] b2: رَوْضَةٌ also signifies (assumed tropical:) Any water that collects in pools left by torrents, or the like, and in places in land or in the ground to which the rain-water flows and which retain it. (K, * TA. [In the CK, الاَخّاذات and المُسّاكات are erroneously put for الإِخَاذَات and المَسَّاكَات.]) b3: Also, (K,) or ↓ رَوْضٌ, (S, M,) (assumed tropical:) About the half of a فِرْبَة [or water-skin] (S, M, K) of water: (S:) and the former, (tropical:) as much of water as covers the bottom of a watering-trough. (S, M, A.) رِيضَةٌ: see رَوْضَةٌ. [It is implied in the K that the former is syn. with the latter in all its senses: but accord. to the TA, this is not the case.]

رَائِضٌ A breaker, or trainer, (M, Msb, K,) of colts, (K,) or of beasts (دَوَابّ): (M, Msb:) pl. رَاضَةٌ and رُوَّاضٌ (S M, K) and رُوَّضٌ. (M.) رَيِّضٌ, originally رَيْوِضٌ, (S,) [in its primary sense seems to be syn. with ↓ مَرُوضٌ. b2: and hence it signifies] (assumed tropical:) Clement, or forbearing. (Msb.) b3: [Also, and more commonly,] applied to a she-camel, (S, K,) and to a he-camel, (S,) In the first stage of training, as yet refractory: (S, K:) and in like manner applied to a boy: (S:) or a colt, (A,) or beast, (L,) that has not received training, nor become skilled in going, or pace, (A, L,) nor become submissive to its rider: (L:) and a she-camel not trained: (A:) or, applied to a horse or the like, and to a camel, to a male and to a female, refractory; contr. of ذَلُولٌ; app. designed as an epithet of good omen, because the beast is so called only before being skilfully trained. (M.) b4: [Hence,] قَصِيدَةٌ رَيِّضَةُ القَوَافِى (tropical:) An ode of difficult rhymes; such rhymes as the poets have not extemporaneously composed: (TA:) or قَصِيدَةٌ رَيِّضَةٌ means (tropical:) an ode not well, or not skilfully, composed. (A.) And أَمْرٌ رَيِّضٌ (tropical:) An affair not well, not skilfully, or not soundly, managed, conducted, ordered, or regulated. (A, TA.) رَيِّضَةٌ as a subst.: see رَوْضَةٌ مَرَاضٌ Hard ground in the lower, or lowest, part of a plain, or of soft ground, which retains water: pl. مَرَائِضُ and مَرَاضَاتٌ. (Az, K.) مَرُوضٌ, (S, K,) and its fem., with ة, (S, Msb,) A colt, (S, K,) and she-camel, (S,) or beast (دَابَّة), (Msb,) broken, or trained. (S * Msb, K.) See also رَيِّضٌ.

أَرْضٌ مُسْتَرْوِضَةٌ Land which has produced good herbage or plants, and of which the herbs, or leguminous plants, have become erect, or strong and erect: and نَبَاتٌ مُسْتَرْوِضٌ plants which have attained their utmost size and height. (M.) b2: اِفْعَلْ ذَاكَ مَا دَامَتِ النَّفْسُ مُسْتَرِيضَةً (tropical:) Do thou that while the mind is free from straitness, cheerful, or happy, (S, M, * Msb, TA, [in the second of which, however, النفس is strangely made masc.,]) is from استراض said of a place, as explained above. (S.) b3: مُسْتَرِيضٌ is also applied, by a poet, (S, M,) El-Aghlab El-'Ijlee, (S,) or Homeyd ElArkat, (AHn, M, IB,) to poetry, and to the metre termed رَجَز; (S, M;) as meaning (assumed tropical:) Easy; practicable. (M, TA.)

رعف

1 رَعَفَ, aor. ـَ and رَعُفَ, (S, K,) inf. n. رَعْفٌ, (TK,) He (a horse) preceded; went, or got, before; outwent, outran, or outstripped; as also ↓ استرعف, (S, K,) and ↓ ارتعف. (K.) [This is held by some, and is said in the O, to be the primary signification: see رُعَافٌ.] b2: رَعِفَ الدَّمُ, aor. ـَ The blood flowed. (K.) And رَعَفَ أَنْفُهُ His nose bled; blood flowed from his nose: this is the chaste form of the verb: رُعِفَ, from which is formed the part. n. مَرْعُوفٌ, is incorrect; (Mgh;) unknown to As: (O:) [or] رَعَفَ alone, aor. ـُ and رَعَفَ, has this last signification; as also رَعُفَ, (S, O, * Msb, K,) but this is a dial. var. of weak authority, (S, O,) or is rare; (Msb;) and رَعِفَ, aor. ـَ and رُعِفَ [mentioned above as incorrect]; (K;) and the inf. n. is رَعْفٌ (Msb, K) and رُعَافٌ, (K,) or the latter is a simple subst. (Msb.) [And hence رَعَفَ signifies also (assumed tropical:) It (a vessel, such as a skin,) overflowed:] see 4, in two places. b3: رَعَفَ بِهِ البَابَ He entered with him the door. (O, K.) 2 رَعَّفَ see the next paragraph, in two places.4 ارعفهُ He incited him, or urged him, to hasten, or be quick: (S, O, K:) but this is said to be not of established authority. (O.) b2: [and He, or it, made his nose to bleed, or flow with blood: often used in this sense; as in the S and A and K voce أَنْثَرَ, and in the L and K voce لَبْخَةٌ: and so ↓ رعّفه: accord. to Ibn-Maaroof,] the inf. ns. إِرْعَافٌ and ↓ تَرْعِيفٌ signify the bringing blood from the nose. (KL.) b3: And ارعف القِرْبَةَ He filled the skin (S, O, K) so that it overflowed (↓ حَتَّى تَرْعُفَ): (S, O:) whence the saying of a rájiz, ['Amr Ibn-Leja, so in a copy of the S,] أَعْلَاهَا مِنِ امْتِلَائِهَا ↓ يَرْعُفُ [Its upper part overflows, or overflowing, by reason of its fulness]. (S.) 8 إِرْتَعَفَ see 1, first sentence.10 إِسْتَرْعَفَ see 1, first sentence. b2: اِسْتِرْعَافٌ also signifies The drawing forth blood from the nose. (KL. [Golius, as on this authority, explains the verb as signifying “ Nasum prehendit: ” but the inf. n. is explained in the KL by the words خون برآوردن از بينى; which I have rendered above.]) b3: [Hence,] استرعف الحَصَى مَنْسِمَ البَعِيرِ (assumed tropical:) The pebbles made the toe, or sole, or foot, of the camel to bleed. (S.) b4: And استرعف [or استرعف الشَّحْمَةَ] (assumed tropical:) He endeavoured to make the piece of fat to drip, and took what became melted thereof. (Th, O, K.) رُعَافٌ an inf. n. of 1 [q. v.]: (K:) or a simple subst., of which the primary meaning is The act of preceding; going, or getting, before; outgoing, outrunning, or outstripping. (Msb.) b2: and hence, The issuing of blood from the nose: (O, * Msb:) or, accord. to some, (Msb,) blood itself, issuing, or that issues, from the nose: (S, O, * Msb, K:) because it issues before one knows it. (Msb.) رُعُوفٌ [a pl. of which the sing. is not mentioned,] (assumed tropical:) Light rains. (IAar, O, K.) رَعِيفٌ Clouds (سَحَابٌ) preceding another cloud. (AA, O, K.) رُعَافِىٌّ One who gives many gifts. (Fr, O, K.) رَعَّافٌ Emitting much blood: mentioned by Freytag, but without any indication of the authority.]

رَاعِفٌ A horse that precedes other horses; that goes, or gets, before them; that outgoes, outruns, or outstrips, them; (S, O, Msb, K;) as also ↓ مُسْتَرْعِفٌ. (O, K.) b2: Having blood flowing from his nose: (Msb:) or having a continual bleeding of the nose. (PS and TK voce مُدِيمٌ, in art. دوم.) And أُنُوفٌ رَوَاعِفُ [Noses bleeding]. (O.) b3: The extremity of the أَرْنَبَة [or lower portion, or lobule, of the nose]; (S, O, K;) [because the blood drops from it when the nose bleeds.] (S, K.) b4: And [hence,] (assumed tropical:) A prominence, or projecting part, of a mountain. (S, O, K.) b5: رِمَاحٌ رَوَاعِفُ Spears that are the first to thrust, or pierce: or from which blood is dropping: (S:) or spears are termed رَوَاعِفُ because thrust forward to pierce, or because blood drops from them. (IDrd, O.) رَاعُوفَةُ بِئْرٍ and ↓ أُرْعُوفَتُهَا, (S, O, K,) both mentioned by A'Obeyd, (S, O,) A piece of rock that is left in the bottom of a well, being there when it is dug, in order that the cleanser of the well may sit upon it in cleansing it: or a stone that is at the head of the well, upon which the drawer of water stands. (S, O, K.) It is said in a trad., “ When he (Mohammad) was enchanted, his charm was put into the spathe (جُفّ) of a palm-tree, and buried beneath the راعوفة of the well. ” (S, O.) أُرْعُوفَةُ البِئْرِ: see the next preceding paragraph.

المُرْعِفُ: see المُزْعِفُ.

مَرْعُوفٌ, as part. n. of رُعِفَ, is [said to be] incorrect. (Mgh.) مَرَاعِفُ [a pl. of which the sing. is not mentioned,] The nose and the parts around it. (O, K.) One says, فَعَلْتُ ذَاكَ عَلَى الرَّغْمِ مِنْ مَرَاعِفِهِ, like مَرَاغِمِهِ. (S, O. * [See art. رغم.]) مُسْتَرْعِفٌ: see رَاعِفٌ.

[This art. is wanting in the copies of the L and TA to which I have had access.]

سمت

1 سَمْتٌ [as an inf. n.] is syn. with قَصْدٌ [in an intrans. sense], (S, * Msb,) and هُدًى [in the sense of رَشَادٌ], and اِسْتِقَامَةٌ: (Msb:) or حُسْنُ نَحْوٍ: (M, K:) you say, سَمَتَ, aor. ـُ (S, M, K,) and سَمِتَ, (K,) or in this case the former only, (TA,) inf. n. سَمْتٌ, (M, TA,) He pursued a right course; syn. قَصَدَ: (S, TA:) or (assumed tropical:) he followed a good direction (M, K, * TA *) in the way of religion [&c.]. (TA.) Accord. to Khálid Ibn-Dabbeh, it signifies (assumed tropical:) The following the truth and the right way or direction, and being a good neighbour, and doing little harm. (TA.) [But more commonly, or primarily, it relates to the course that one pursues in journeying.] An Arab of the desert, of [the tribe of] Keys, says, سَوْفَ تَجُوبِينَ بِغَيْرِ نَعْتِ تَعَسُّفًا أَوْ هٰكَذَا بِالسَّمْتِ i. e. [Thou shalt traverse (addressing a woman), or, more probably, ye shall traverse (addressing camels or other beasts), a land without a description], journeying without any sign of the way and without any track [for guidance], such being the meaning of تعسّفا, or thus, pursuing a right course, السَّمْتُ meaning القَصْدُ. (TA.) Accord. to Sh, السَّمْتُ signifies The seeking, searching, or inquiring, for, or after, the right way or direction. (TA.) b2: السَّمْتُ also signifies قَصدُ الطَّرِيقِ [i. e. سَمْتُ الطَّرِيقِ signifies The road's having a right, or direct, tendency]: (M:) or [سَمْتُ الشَّىْءِ] signifies قَصْدُ الشَّىْءِ [i. e. The thing's having a right, or direct, tendency]. (K.) [This last explanation has been misunderstood by the Turkish translator of the K; who has hence been led to assert that one says, سَمَتَ الشَّىْءَ as well as سَمَتَ نَحْوَهُ, meaning قَصَدَهُ: it is تَسَمَّتَهُ that (like سَمَتَ نَحْوَهُ) signifies قَصَدَهُ; not سَمَتَهُ, for سَمَتَ is always intrans.] b3: Also The journeying (S, M, K) upon the road (M, K) [guided only] by opinion (S, M, K) and conjecture: (S:) or, as some say, the journeying by conjecture and opinion, not upon a [known] road. (TA.) A poet says, ↓ لَيْسَ بِهَا رِيعٌ لِسَمْتِ السَّامِتِ [There is not, or was not, in it, a road of any kind (see رِيعٌ) for the journeying by opinion and conjecture of him who so journeys]. (S, TA.) b4: And The pursuing a course, or direction, [of any kind,] and [particularly] (assumed tropical:) in religion and in worldly affairs. (TA.) You say, هُوَ يَسْمُتُ سَمْتَهُ (assumed tropical:) He pursues his [another's] way, or course, doing as he [the latter] does. (TA.) [سَمْتَهُ is here an absolute (not an objective) complement of يَسْمُتُ; like سَيْرَهُ in the phrase هُوَيَسِيرُ سَيْرَهُ. See also سَمْتٌ below.] b5: Also سَمَتَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. سَمْتٌ, (assumed tropical:) He (a man) was, or became, grave, staid, steady, sedate, or calm. (Msb.) b6: And سَمَتَ لَهُمْ, aor. ـِ (Fr, K,) inf. n. سَمْتٌ, (Fr, TA,) (assumed tropical:) He prepared, arranged, or disposed, for them, the mode, or manner, of speech, and of judging, or forming an opinion, (Fr, K, TA,) and of work, or action. (Fr, TA.) 2 تَسْمِيتٌ The keeping to the سَمْت [i. e. road, &c.]. (K.) It is said in a trad., فَانْطَلَقْتُ لَا أَدْرِى

أَيْنَ أَذْهَبُ إِلَّا أَنَّنِى أُسَمِّتُ, meaning [And I departed, not knowing whither I should go, but] I kept to the course, or direction, of the road: or as some say, I prayed to God. (TA.) b2: Also (assumed tropical:) The mentioning of God, (S, M, A, Msb, K,) or, as in some copies of the S, the mentioning of the name of God, [like تَسْمِيَةٌ, inf. n. of سَمَّى,] (TA,) upon, or over, a thing, (S, M, A, Msb, K,) or in any case. (TA.) One says, سَمَّتَ عَلَى

الطَّعَامِ (assumed tropical:) He mentioned the name of God upon, or over, the food. (TK.) b3: And سمّت لَهُ and عَلَيْهِ, inf. n. تَسْمِيتٌ, (assumed tropical:) He prayed for what was good for him; prayed for a blessing upon him; as also شمّت. (L and TA in art. شمت, q. v.) In a trad. respecting eating, it is said, سَمُّوا اللّٰهَ وَدَنُّوا وَسَمِّتُوا, meaning (assumed tropical:) [Pronounce ye the name of God, and take what is next you of the food, or make your words to be near together, (see 2 in arts. دنو and سمو,) and,] when ye have ended, invoke a blessing upon him at whose abode or table ye have eaten. (TA.) b4: التَّسْنِيتُ also signifies, (M, K,) or تَسْمِيتُ العَاطِسِ, (S, Msb,) (assumed tropical:) The praying for the sneezer; (M, Msb, K;) saying, هَدَاكَ اللّٰهُ إِلَى السَّمْتِ [May God guide thee to the right, or good, course]; because the person sneezing is disturbed and disquieted: so says AAF: (M, TA:) or the saying to him, يَرْحَمُكَ اللّٰهُ [May God have mercy on thee]: (Th, S, M:) or التَّسْمِيتُ signifies the saying بَارَكَ اللّٰهُ فِيكَ [May God bless thee]: (ISh, TA:) it is with س and with ش: (S, M, Msb:) one says سَمَّتَهُ, (T, M, Msb,) i. e. سَمَّتَ العَاطِسَ, meaning He prayed for the sneezer, [saying as above,] (A,) and شَمَّتَهُ: (T, M, Msb:) Th says that the former is preferred, (S,) or is the original, (Msb,) being from السَّمْتُ signifying القَصْدُ, (S, M, Msb,) and الهُدَى, and الاِسْتِقَامَةُ, (Msb,) and المَحَجَّةُ, (S,) or الطَّرِيقُ; (M;) as though one made a person his object by this prayer; (M;) and that the س is changed [by some] into ش: (TA:) but A 'Obeyd says that the pronunciation with ش is of higher authority, and more common. (S, Msb.) The Prophet said, When any of you sneezes, let him say, الحَمْدُ لِلّٰهِ [Praise be to God]; and he who prays for him (الَّذِى يُشَنِّتُهُ [or يُسَمِّتُهُ]), يَرْحَمُكَ اللّٰهُ; and let him [i. e. the sneezer] say [in reply], يَهْدِيكُمُ اللّٰهُ وَيُصْلِحُ بَالَكُمْ [May God direct you aright, and render good your state, or condition, or case]. (Har p. 250.) 3 سامتهُ, inf. n. مُسَامَتَةٌ, He, or it, faced, or fronted, or was opposite to or over against, him, or it. (Msb, TA.) 5 تسمّتهُ, (As, S, A, TA,) [and] تسمّت لَهُ, (M,) He directed himself, or his course, or aim, to, or towards, him, or it; syn. قَصَدَهُ, (S, M,) or تَعَمَّدَهُ, and قَصَدَ نَحْوَهُ. (As, A, TA.) سَمْتٌ inf. n. of 1 [q. v.]. (M, TA.) b2: Also A road, or way; syn. طَرِيقٌ, (S, M, A, Mgh, Msb, K,) and مَحَجَّةٌ, (Th, S,) and نَحْوٌ: (A:) [pl. سُمُوتٌ.] One says, اِلْزَمْ هٰذَا السَّمْتَ Keep thou to this road, or way. (TA.) b3: And [hence,] (assumed tropical:) The way, or course, that one pursues in his religion and his worldly affairs: (TA:) (assumed tropical:) a way, mode, or manner, of acting or conduct or the like: (S, TA:) (tropical:) the mode, or manner, [of life,] syn. هَيْئَة, (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K, TA,) of good people, (S, A, Mgh, K, TA,) in respect of religion, not in respect of goodliness of person: (TA:) a metaphorical meaning, from the same word as signifying “ a road,” or “ way. ” (Mgh.) One says, إِنَّهُ لَحَسَنُ السَّمْتِ (assumed tropical:) Verily he is good in respect of the way, or course, that he pursues in his religion and his worldly affairs: (TA:) or هُوَحَسَنُ السَّمْتِ means (assumed tropical:) he is good in his هَيْئَة [i. e., as here used, mode, or manner, of life]. (Msb.) and مَا أَحْسَنَ سَمْتَهُ (tropical:) How good is his way, mode, or manner, of acting or conduct or the like! (S, A, * Mgh, * TA.) b4: [Hence,] (assumed tropical:) Gravity, staidness, steadiness, sedateness, or calmness. (Msb.) b5: السَّمْتُ also signifies The region, or quarter, to which, or towards which, the course, or aim, is directed. (M.) b6: [And hence, The bearing, or direction, of an object by the compass. And more particularly, The azimuth. b7: And سَمْتُ الرَّأْسِ The zenith; or vertical point in the heavens. (“ Zenit ” appears to have been, as Golius observes, a mistranscription for “ zemt,” or “ semt. ”) b8: سَمْتُ الشَّمْسِ The path of the sun; the ecliptic: from سَمْتٌ signifying “ a road,” or “ way. ” b9: سَمْتُ الاِعْتِدَالِ The equinoctial colure. And سَمْتُ الاِنْقِلَابِ The solstitial colure.]

سَامِتٌ [part. n. of 1]: see an ex. in the latter half of the first paragraph of this art. مُسَمِّتٌ (assumed tropical:) Any one praying, or who prays, for what is good, (S and TA in art. شمت,) لِأَحَدٍ

[for any one]; (TA in that art.;) as also مُشَمِّتٌ: (S and TA in that art.:) any one praying, or who prays, for a return to the right, or good, way, and continuance therein. (Msb.) مُتَسَمَّتُ النَّعْلِ The part of the sandal that is below its مُخَصَّر [or narrow part, more commonly called its خَصْر, extending thence] to its extremity. (K.)

سلط

1 سَلُطَ, aor. ـُ (M,) inf. n. سَلَاطَةٌ, (S, M, B,) He, or it, overcame, prevailed, or predominated: (S, TA:) or was, or became, firm, or established, in superior power or force: (B, TA:) he possessed power of dominion or sovereignty or rule. (M.) b2: It (anything, as, for instance, a solid hoof, and a camel's foot,) was, or became, strong, or hard. (M.) b3: He was, or became, sharp. (TA.) And the same verb, (M, Msb, K,) inf. n. as above (S, M, Msb, K) and سُلُوطَةٌ, (S, M, K,) He was, or became, chaste, or perspicuous, in speech, or eloquent, and sharp in tongue: (S:) or long-tongued;; (M, K;) as also سَلِطَ, aor. ـَ (K,) inf. n. سَلَطٌ: (TS, TA:) or clamorous and foultongued: (Msb:) [or this verb, said of a man, has the first of these three significations; but]

سَلُطَتْ, inf. n. سَلَاطَةٌ, signifies she (a woman) was, or became, long-tongued, and vehemently clamorous. (Lth.) [See سَلِيطٌ, below.]2 سلّطهُ عَلَيْهِ, (S, M, Msb,) inf. n. تَسْلِيطٌ, (M, K,) also written with ص, (Ibn-'Abbád, and K in art. صلط,) He (God, S) made him to overcome him; to prevail, or predominate, over him; or to have, or exercise, superior power or force over him: (S, K:) he made him to have mastery, dominion, or authority, and power, over him: (Msb:) he made him to have, or exercise, absolute dominion or sovereignty or rule, over him; (M;) or absolute superiority of power or force: (K:) he gave him power over him, and superior power or force. (TA.) [You say also, سلّط عَلَيْهِ الكِلَابَ He set the dogs upon him.]5 تسلّط عَلَيْهِمْ He overcame them; prevailed or predominated, over them; or was made to do so; he had, or exercised, or was made to have or exercise, superior power or force over them: (S:) he had, or was made to have, mastery, dominion, or authority, and power, or absolute dominion or authority and power, over them: (Msb:) he had, or received, power over them; and superior power or force; quasi-pass. of سَلَّطَهُ عَلَيْهِمْ. (TA.) سَلْطٌ: see سَلِيطٌ; for the former, in four places; and for the latter, in seven.

سَلِطٌ: see سَلِيطٌ; for the former, in four places; and for the latter, in seven.

سُلْطَةٌ: see سُلْطَانٌ; for the latter, in three places.

سَلْطَنَةٌ: see سُلْطَانٌ; for the latter, in three places.

سُلْطَانٌ Strength, might, force, or power; (TA;) as also ↓ سَلْطَنَةٌ: (Bd in iii. 144:) predominance; the possession, or exercise, of superior power or force, or of dominion, or authority, and power, or of absolute dominion or authority and power; (Mgh;) as also ↓ سُلْطَةٌ; (S;) the former being syn. with تَسَلُّطٌ [used as a subst.]; (Mgh;) and the latter being the subst. from تَسَلَّطَ: (S:) power of dominion; sovereign, or ruling, power; (M;) [in this sense, as well as in the first,] i. q. ↓ سَلْطَنَةٌ; (Msb;) power of a king; (Lth, Mgh, K;) and of a governor; (Mgh, Msb;) [i. e.] delegated power, or power given to one who is not a king; (TA;) also written سُلْطَانٌ; (M, Msb, K;) which is the only instance of this form: (Msb:) it is masc. and fem.; (M, TA;) generally masc., in the opinion of the skilful; but sometimes fem.; so say IAmb and Zj and others: (Msb:) but ISk says that it is fem. (TA.) One says, (ISk,) or some say, (Msb,) قَضَتْ بِهِ السُّلْطَانُ (ISk, Msb) The sovereign, or ruling, power (↓ السَّلْطَنَةُ) decreed it. (Msb.) And Aboo-Zuheyr says, I heard one, in whose chasteness of speech I have confidence, say, أَتَتْنَا سُلْطَانٌ جَائِرَةٌ [A tyrannical sovereign, or ruling, power, came to us]. (Msb.) It is said in a trad., إِلَّا أَنْ تَسْأَلَ ذَا سُلْطَان ٍ, meaning Unless thou ask the ruler, or governor, or the king, for thy due from the public treasury. (Mgh.) And you say, قَدْ جَعَلْتُ لَكَ سُلْطَانًا عَلَى أَخْذِ حَقِّى مِنْ فُلَان ٍ I have given thee power, or authority, to take, or receive, my due from such a one. (TA.) And لَا يَؤُمُّ الرَّجُلُ الرَّجُلَ فِى سُلْطَانِهِ [A man shall not take precedence of a man in his authority]; meaning, in his house, and where he has predominance, or superior power, or authority; nor shall he sit upon his cushion; for in doing so he would show him contempt. (Mgh.) b2: Strength, or hardness, of anything: (M, K:) sharpness of anything: force, or violence, of anything. (TA.) The vehemence of winter. (TK.) An excited and predominant state of the blood; or inflammation thereof. (IDrd, M, K.) The flaming, or blazing, of fire. (IDrd.) b3: A proof; an evidence; an argument; a plea; an allegation; syn. حُجَّةٌ, (S, M, Mgh, Msb, K,) and بُرْهَانٌ: (S, Msb:) a حُجَّة being thus called because of the force with which truth attacks the mind: (B:) or, accord. to Mohammad Ibn-Yezeed, from سَلِيطٌ, (M, TA,) signifying

“ oil of olives,” because it enlightens: (TA:) and in these senses it has no pl., because it is used in the place of an inf. n. (S, TA.) Accord. to I'Ab, it signifies حُجَّة wherever it occurs in the Kur. (TA.) But in the words of the Kur [xvii. 35], فَقَدْ جَعَلْنَا لِوَلِّيِهِ سُلْطَانًا, the meaning may be either [We have given to his executor, or heir,] authority, and power, or absolute authority and power, or the like; or a plea, or the like. (Mgh.) And again, in the Kur [lxix. 29], هَلَكَ عَنِّى

سُلْطَانِيَهْ, the meaning may be My dominion, and my authority and power over men, has perished from me; or my plea. (Bd, B.) And sometimes it means A miracle; as in the words of the Kur [li. 38], إِذْ أَرْسَلْنَاهُ إِلَى فِرْعَوْنَ بِسُلْطَان ٍ مُبِين ٍ [When we sent him to Pharaoh with a manifest miracle]. (TA.) Az says that it is sometimes masc. because it has a masc. form; and thus it is in the last of the instances above. (TA.) b4: Also A ruler, or governor, or the like; a king; a sovereign; (S, K, TA;) a khaleefeh: (TA:) these are its most common applications [in the writings of post-classical times]: (TA:) thus applied because the person so called is made to predominate; to have, or exercise, superior power or force; to have dominion, or the like: or because he is one of the evidences of God: (Aboo-Bekr, TA:) or because he possesses proof or evidence [of his right]: or because by him pleas and rights are established: (TA:) or because he enlightens the earth, (Msb, * B,) and is of great usefulness; (B;) the word being derived from سَلِيطٌ [signifying “ olive-oil ”]: (Msb:) it is of the measure فُعْلَانٌ: (S:) and when [thus] applied to a person, it is masc.: (Msb:) or it is masc. and fem.: (S, TA:) accord. to Mohammad Ibn-Yezeed, (TA,) fem. because it is [originally] pl. of سَلِيطٌ applied to “ oil; ” as though the kingdom shone by him; or because it has the signification of حُجَّةٌ: and sometimes masc., because regarded as meaning a man; (K, TA;) or because regarded as a sing.: so says Mohammad Ibn-Yezeed; but Az observes that none beside him says this: Fr says that he who makes it masc. regards it as meaning رَجُلٌ; and he who makes it fem. regards it as meaning حُجَّةٌ: (TA:) the pl. is سَلَاطِينُ. (S, Msb.) It is also, itself, sometimes used as a pl.; as in the phrase سَيِّدُ السُّلْطَانِ, used by a poet, meaning سَيِّدُ السَّلَاطِينَ [The lord of kings]; i. e. the khaleefeh: [but this may be rendered the lord of sovereign power, &c.:] or, as some say, the latter word is here pl. of سَلِيطٌ, like as رُغْفَانٌ is pl. of رَغِيفٌ. (Msb.) سَلَطَانَةٌ, and سِلِطَانَةٌ, or سِلِطَّانَةٌ: see سَلِيطٌ.

سَلِيطٌ Strong, or hard; (M, K;) as also ↓ سَلِطٌ, (M,) or ↓ سَلْطٌ. (K.) You say, ↓ حَافِرٌ سَلِطٌ, (M,) or ↓ سَلْطٌ, (TA,) and سَلِيطٌ, (M, TA,) A strong, or hard, solid hoof. (M, TA.) and الحَافِرِ ↓ دَابَّةٌ سَلِطَةُ A beast having a strong, or hard, hoof. (M.) And الخُفِّ ↓ بَعِيرٌ سَلِطُ A camel having a strong, or hard, foot. (M.) b2: Sharp; applied to anything. (K.) You say also ↓ سَنَابِكُ سَلِطَاتٌ Sharp edges of the fore parts of hoofs. (S, TA.) b3: Chaste in speech, or eloquent, (S, K,) and sharp in tongue: (S:) an epithet of praise when applied to the male, and of dispraise when [with ة] applied to the female: (IDrd, K:) also, (K,) long-tongued; (M, K;) and so ↓ سَلِطٌ, (M,) or ↓ سَلْطٌ; (K;) fem. سَلِيطَةٌ, and ↓ سَلَطَانَةٌ, (M, K,) and ↓ سِلِطَانَةٌ, (K,) or ↓ سِلِطَّانَةٌ; (M;) the last written [thus] with tesh-deed to the ط in the JM., and there explained as signifying long-tongued and clamorous: (TA:) or سَلِيطٌ signifies clamorous and foul-tongued; and so سَلِيطَةٌ applied to a woman: (Msb:) or the latter, applied to a woman, clamorous: (S:) or long-tongued and vehemently clamorous: (Lth:) or سَلِيطَةُ اللِّسَانِ is applied to a woman in two senses; signifying sharp-tongued; and long-tongued. (Az, TA.) You say also, لِسَانٌ سَلِيطٌ, (M, K,) and ↓ سَلِطٌ, (M,) or ↓ سَلْطٌ, (K,) A long tongue. (M, K.) A2: Oil of olives; (S, M, Msb, K;) so applied by the generality of the Arabs: but by the people of El-Yemen applied to oil of sesame, or sesamum: (S, M:) IDrd, in the JM, says the reverse; and IF has followed him; but what J says is right, as Sgh, has observed in the O: (TA:) also, (K,) or as some say, (M,) any oil expressed from grains or berries: (M, K:) pl. سُلْطَانٌ. (Msb, K.) أَسْلَطُ More, and most, overcoming, prevailing, predominating, or superior in power or force. (Har p. 661.) b2: هُوَ أَسْلَطُهُمْ لِسَانًا He is the most chaste, or eloquent, and the sharpest, [&c., (see an ex. voce سِلْقٌ,)] of them in tongue. (S.)

سمط

1 سمَطَهُ, and سَمُطَ, and سَمِطَ, (S, M, Msb, K,) inf. n. سَمْطٌ, (S, M, Msb,) namely, a kid, (S, M, Msb, K,) and a lamb, (M,) He removed its hair, (Msb,) or wool, (K,) or cleansed it of the hair, [or wool,] (S,) by means of hot water; (S, Msb, K;) in order to roast it; (S;) or it is generally done for this purpose: (TA:) or he plucked from it the [hair, or] wool, after putting it into hot water. (A.) b2: [And It scalded it: for] you say, of boiling water, يَسْمُطُ الشَّىْءَ [it scalds the thing]. (TA.) A2: سَمَطَهُ, (M, K,) inf. n. as above, (M,) also signifies He hung it; suspended it; namely, a thing; (M, K;) as also ↓ سمّطهُ, inf. n. تَسْمِيطٌ: (TA:) or the latter, he hung it, or suspended it, upon, (S, K,) or by means of, (so in some copies of the K and in the TA,) سُمُوط, (S, K,) meaning thongs, or straps. (TA.) and الذِّرْعَ ↓ سمّط, (M,) inf. n. تَسْمِيطٌ, (TA,) He hung the coat of mail upon the hinder part of his horse. (M.) 2 سَمَّطَ see 1, in two places. b2: سَمَّطْتُ الشَّىْءَ, inf. n. تَسْمِيتٌ, also signifies I kept, or clave, to the thing: hence a verse cited voce دَرِينٌ. (TA in art. درن.) 5 تسمّط It (a thing, TA) was, or became, hung, or suspended. (K.) سِمْطٌ A thread, or string, having upon it beads (S, Mgh) or pearls; (Mgh;) otherwise it is called سِلْكٌ: (S, Mgh:) a string of beads or the like; (M, K;) so called because it is hung, or suspended; (M;) a single string thereof; like يَكْ رَسَنْ [in Persian]; a necklace of two strings thereof being called ذَاتُ سِمْطَيْنِ: (IDrd:) or it signifies, (M,) or signifies also, (K,) a necklace longer than the مِخْنَقَة: (IDrd, M, K:) or [simply] a necklace: (Msb:) pl. سُمُوطٌ: (M, K:) which also signifies the things that are suspended (مَعَالِيقُ) from necklaces. (TA.) b2: A thong, or strap, that is suspended from the horse's saddle; (S, K;) sing. of سُمُوطٌ. (S.) b3: The redundant part of the turban, which is left hanging down upon the breast and the shoulder-blades: (K:) pl. as above. (TA.) b4: A coat of mail which the horseman hangs upon the hinder part of his horse. (M, K.) b5: (tropical:) A trail, or long and elevated tract, (حَبْل,) of sand, (K, TA,) regularly disposed, as though it were a necklace. (TA.) A2: See also سُمُطٌ, in two places.

نَعْلٌ سُمُطٌ, (M, K,) and ↓ سَمِيطٌ, (S, M, K,) and ↓ أَسْمَاطٌ, (M, K,) which last is pl. of سَمِيطٌ, (TA,) A sandal, or sole, that is of a single piece [of leather, not of two or more pieces sewed together, one upon another], (طَاقٌ وَاحِدٌ, S, TA,) in which is no patch: (S, M, K:) or the last, (S,) or all, (M,) not having a second piece sewed on to it; (Az, S, M;) as also ↓ سِمْطٌ. (So in the K, voce فَرْدٌ.) b2: [ثَوْبٌ سُمُطٌ (the latter word occurring twice in art. لجف in the TA, and there opposed to مُبَطَّنٌ, and said to be masc. and fem.,) i. q.]

↓ ثَوْبٌ سِمْطٌ A garment having no lining; [either] a طَيْلَسَان, or such as is of cotton: (ISh, K:) but one does not say كِسَآءٌ سِمْطٌ nor مِلْحَفَةٌ سِمْطٌ, because such are not [ever] lined: (ISh:) or [accord. to some] سِمْطٌ signifies a garment that is lined below; expl. by saying, أَوِ السِّمْطُ مِنَ الثِّيَابِ مَا ظُهِّرَ مِنْ تَحْتُ, (K, TA, [in the CK, and in a MS. copy of the K, for ظُهِّرَ, we find ظَهَرَ,]) i. e. جُعِلَ لَهُ ظَهْرٌ: (TA:) [but I think that ظَهَرَ is undoubtedly the right reading; and that سِمْطٌ means any portion that appears of a garment worn beneath a shorter garment:] see سَنَدٌ, last sentence. b3: ↓ سَرَاوِيلُ أَسْمَاطٌ Trousers, or drawers, not stuffed: (M, K:) i. e., (K,) or, as Th says, (M,) of single cloth, طَاقٌ وَاحِدٌ. (M, K.) b4: نَاقَةٌ سُمُطٌ, (Kr, M, K,) and ↓ أَسْمَاطٌ, (K,) A she-camel without any brand, or mark made by a hot iron. (Kr, M, K.) A2: سُمُطٌ is also a pl. of سِمَاطٌ [q. v.]. (K.) سِمَاطٌ A rank of people: (M, K:) or a side, or lateral part or portion: (Msb:) each of the two sides, or lateral portions, of men, and of palmtrees. (S, Msb.) You say, قَامَ بَيْنَ السِّمَاطَيْنِ He stood between the two ranks. (TA.) and قَامَ القَوْمَ حَوْلَهُ سِمَاطَيْنِ The people stood around him in two ranks. (TA.) And هُمْ عَلَى سِمَاطٍ

وَاحِدٍ They are according to one order. (K.) And مَشَى بَيْنَ السِّمَاطَيْنِ He walked between the two sides. (S, Msb.) And خُذُوا سِمَاطَىِ الطَّرِىِّ Take ye the two sides of the fresh, or moist. (TA.) And اِجْعَلِ الأَمْرَ سِمَاطًا وَاحِدًا Make thou the affair, or case, [uniform, or] one uniform thing. (Fr, TA in art. بأج.) b2: The part of a valley which is between the upper extremity and the lower: (M, K:) pl. سُمُطٌ. (K) b3: سِمَاطُ الطَّعَامِ The thing upon which food is spread: (K:) pronounced by the vulgar سُمَاط: [and applied by them to such as is long, prepared for a large company of people:] pl. أَسْمِطَةٌ [a pl. of pauc.] and سِمَاطَاتٌ. (TA.) سَمِيطٌ and ↓ مَسْمُوطٌ, applied to a kid, (S, M, Msb, K,) and to a lamb, (M,) Of which the hair, (Msb,) or wool, (K,) has been removed, (Msb, K,) or cleansed of its hair [or wool], (S,) by means of hot water; (S, Msb, K;) in order to its being roasted: (S:) or of which the [hair or] wool has been plucked off from it, after its having been put into hot water: (M:) or the former, plucked of its [hair or] wool, and then roasted with its skin: (Lth:) and a roasted sheep or goat: the former word of the measure فَعِيلٌ in the sense of the measure مَفْعُولٌ. (TA.) A2: See also سَمِيطٌ, and its pl. أَسْمَاطٌ, voce سُمُطٌ; the pl. in three places.

سَامِطٌ Boiling water, that scalds (يَسْمُطُ) a thing. (TA.) A2: Hanging a thing by a rope behind him; from السُّمُوطُ [pl. of السِّمْطُ]. (TA.) مَسْمُوطٌ: see سَمِيطٌ.

سمل

1 سَمَلَ عَيْنَهُ, (S, * M, Mgh, * Msb, K,) aor. ـُ (M, Msb,) inf. n. سَمْلٌ, (S, M, Msb,) He put out, or blinded, (فَقَأَ,) his eye (S, M, Mgh, Msb, K, TA) with an iron instrument (S, Msb, TA) made hot; (S, Msb;) or with some other thing; sometimes with a thorn; (TA;) like سَمَرَهَا: (M and K in art. سمر:) and he pulled it out: (Mgh:) and ↓ استملها signifies the same. (Fr, K.) b2: سَمَلَ الحَوْضَ, (S, M, K,) inf. n. as above; (M;) and ↓ سمّلهُ, (M, K,) inf. n. تَسْمِيلٌ; (TA;) He cleansed, or cleared, the watering-trough, or tank, (S, M, K,) from the سَمَلَة, (M, K,) [i. e.] from the black mud, or black fetid mud, [that was in it,] and from the mud, or clay. (S.) And سَمَلْتُ البِئْرَ I cleansed, or cleared out, the well. (Msb.) b3: سَمَلَ بَيْنَهُمْ, (S, M, Msb, K,) aor. and inf. n. as above, (S, M,) He effected a rectification of affairs, or an adjustment, or a reconciliation, between them; as also ↓ اسمل: (S, M, K:) or he strove, laboured, or exerted himself, in effecting a rectification between them; and so فِى المَعِيشَةِ [in respect of the means of subsistence]. (Msb.) A2: سَمَلَ, (S, M, K,) aor. ـُ (M,) inf. n. سُمُولٌ (S, M, K) and سُمُولَةٌ, [or this is probably the inf. n. of the latter of the next two following syn. verbs,] (K,) It (a garment, or piece of cloth,) was, or became, old, and worn out; as also ↓ اسمل; (S, M, K;) and so سَمُلَ, like كَرُمَ; (K;) and ↓ اِسْمَأَلَّ, inf. n. اِسْمِئْلَالٌ. (TA.) b2: See also the next paragraph.2 سمّل الحَوْضَ: see 1.

A2: سمّل الحَوْضُ, (M, K,) inf. n. تَسْمِيلٌ, (K,) The watering-trough, or tank, yielded but little water. (Lh, M, K.) and in like manner, (K,) سمّلت الدَّلْوُ, (M, K,) inf. n. as above, (K,) The bucket yielded, (M,) or produced [from the well], only what is termed السَّمَلَة, (K,) i. e., (TA,) little water; (M, TA;) as also ↓ سَمَلَت, (K,) inf. n. سَمْلٌ; but the former verb is said by Fr to be preferable. (TA.) A3: سمّل فُلَانًا بِالقَوْلِ He was soft, or tender, or easy and sweet, or elegant, graceful, or ornate, to such a one, (رَقَّقَ لَهُ, in the CK رَفَّقَ له,) in speech. (K.) A4: And accord. to IDrd, تَسْمِيلٌ signifies A laxness of the ذَكَر on the occasion of جِمَاع. (TA.) 4 أَسْمَلَ see 1, in two places.5 تسمّل, (K,) or تسمّل سَمَلًا, (M,) He drank, or took, remains in a vessel, (M, K,) of wine, or beverage, &c. (M.) b2: And تسمّل النَّبِيذَ He persevered, or persisted, in the drinking of the [beverage called] نبيذ. (Lh, M, K.) 8 إِسْتَمَلَ see 1, first sentence. Q. Q. 4 اِسْمَأَلَّ, (S, O, K,) inf. n. اِسْمِئلَالٌ, (S,) He (a man, O) was, or became, slender, lean, or lank, (S, O, K,) in the belly. (S, * O, * K.) b2: Said of the shade, It contracted; or went away; syn. قَلَصَ, (O,) or اِرْتَفَعَ. (TA.) The phrase إِذَا اسْمَأَلَّ التُّبَّعُ, in a verse which is here cited in the S and O and TA, [and which I have cited in art. تبع,] means [accord. to J,] إِذَا رَجَعَ الظِّلُّ

إِلَى أَصْلِ العُودِ [app. When the shade cast by the leaves of a tree returns to the lower part of the branch; i. e. when the sun becomes high: virtually the same as when the shade contracts]: (S, TA:) or, as some say, by التُّبَّعُ is meant [the star, or asterism, called] الدَّبَرَان, and the phrase means when الدبران rises. (TA. [See art. تبع.]) b3: Said of a person's face, It became altered in consequence of emaciation. (TA.) b4: See also 1, last sentence but one.

سَمَلٌ: see سَمَلَةٌ, in three places.

A2: Applied to a garment, or piece of cloth, Old, and worn out; (S, M, K;) as also ↓ سَمَلَةٌ and ↓ سَمِيلٌ and ↓ سَمُولٌ (M, K) and ↓ سَمِلٌ and ↓ مُسْمَئِلٌّ: (K:) the pl. of سَمَلٌ is أًسْمَالٌ: (A'Obeyd, TA:) and one says also ثَوْبٌ أَسْمَالٌ, (S, M, K,) like رُمْحُ أَقْصَادٌ and بُرْمَةٌ أَعْشَارٌ. (S.) The phrase سَمَلُ قَطِيفَةٍ occurs in a trad. [as meaning An old and worn-out garment of the kind called قطيفة]: and in another trad., أَسْمَالُ مُلّيَّتَيْنِ [meaning two old and wornout small garments of the kind called مُلَآءَة]; مُلَيَّةٌ being a dim. of مُلَآءَةٌ. (TA.) And ↓ سَوْمَلٌ signifies [in like manner] An old and worn-out [garment of the kind called] كِسَآء, on the authority of Ez-Zejjájee. (M.) b2: Also, (i. e. سَمَلٌ,) applied to a ewe, Having ragged wool: b3: and سَمَلْ سَمَلْ is A cry by which a ewe is called to be milked. (O, TA.) سَمِلٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

سُمْلَةٌ Tears poured forth (Az, K) by the eyes affected with pain in consequence of hunger, (Az,) or on an occasion of vehement hunger, (K,) as though putting out the eye. (Az, K.) b2: See also the next following paragraph.

سَمَلَةٌ A small quantity of water (S, M, K) remaining in the bottom of a vessel &c.; like ثَمِيلَةٌ: (S:) as also ↓ سُمْلَةٌ: (S, M, * K: [app., accord. to the M, the latter is syn. with the former absolutely:]) pl. ↓ سَمَلٌ, (S, M, K,) which is used of wine, or beverage, &c., (M,) [or rather this is a coll. gen. n.,] and [the pl. properly so termed is] سُمُولٌ (As, S) and أَسْمَالٌ [a pl. of pauc.]: (AA, S:) and ↓ سُمْلَانٌ [app. pl. of ↓ سَمَلٌ, agreeably with analogy,] signifies remains of [the beverage called] نَبِيذ, (M, K,) and of water also. (TA.) Also A remaining portion of water in a watering-trough, or tank: (M, K:) and, (K,) as some say, (M,) black mud, or black fetid mud, (M, K,) therein: (M:) pl. ↓ سَمَلٌ [or rather this is a coll. gen. n., as observed above,] and سِمَالٌ; (M, K;) and سَمَائِلُ is pl. of the latter of these pls. (TA.) A2: See also سَمَلٌ.

سُمْلَانٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

سَمُولٌ: see سَمَلٌ.

سَمِيلٌ: see سَمَلٌ.

سَمَّالٌ [One who puts out the eyes of others]. A certain tribe were called بَنُو السَّمَّالِ, (M, K, *) or بَنُو سَمَّالٍ, (S, TA,) because their founder had put out the eye of a man. (S, M, K.) سَامِلٌ One who strives, labours, or exerts himself, (S, M, K,) in, (S,) or for, (M, K,) the right management of affairs for procuring the means of subsistence. (S, M, K.) سَوْمَلٌ: see سَمَلٌ.

سَوْمَلَةٌ A small [cup of the kind called] فِنْجَانَة, (S, M, K, TA,) which latter is a post-classical word, originally فِلْجَانَة: or the سوملة, as some say, is a small فِيَالَجَة, an arabicized word from the Pers\. پِيَالَهْ; which is also called طَرْجَهَارَةٌ; (TA;) and this is the same as the فِلْجَان. (TA voce طرجهارة.) مُسْمَئِلٌّ Slender, lean, or lank, in the belly; (M, K;) applied to a man. (TA.) b2: See also سَمَلٌ.

A2: Also A certain bird. (K.)

ثمن

1 ثَمَنَهُمْ, aor. ـُ (S, M, Mgh, &c.,) inf. n. ثَمْنٌ, (M,) He took the eighth of their goods, or property. (S, M, Mgh, Msb, K.) b2: And, aor. ـِ He was, or became, the eighth of them: (S, Mgh, Msb, K:) or he made them, with himself, eight. (S in art. ثلث.) And He made them, they being seventy-nine, to be eighty. (A'Obeyd, S in art. ثلث.) A2: ثَمُنَ, [aor. ـُ inf. n. ثَمَانَةٌ, It (a commodity) was, or became, precious, costly, of high price; and ↓ اثمن [signifies the same; or] it had a price, or value. (TA. [See ثَمِينٌ.]) 2 ثمّنهُ He made it eight: or called it eight. (Esh-Sheybánee, and K in art. وحد.) b2: [He made it octangular.] b3: ثمّن لِامْرَأَتِهِ, or عِنْدَهَا, He remained eight nights with his wife: and in like manner the verb is used in relation to any saying or action. (TA in art. سبع.) A2: Also, (T, TA,) inf. n. تَثْمِينٌ, (TA,) He collected it together. (T, TA.) A3: Also, inf. n. as above, (Msb, TA,) He made known, or notified, [or he set or assigned it,] its price; i. e., the price of a commodity; like قَوَّمَهُ: (TA:) or he assigned it a price by conjecture: (Msb:) and ↓ اثمنهُ he named a price for it. (TA.) 4 اثمن القَوْمُ The party of men became eight: (S, K:) and also the party of men became eighty. (M and L in art. ثلث.) b2: أَثْمَنَتْ She brought forth her eighth offspring. (TA in art. بكر.) b3: اثمن said of a man, He was, or became, one whose camels came to water ↓ ثِمْنًا, (S, K,) i. e., on the eighth night [after the next preceding watering]. (K.) A2: اثمن said of a commodity: see 1.

A3: اثمنهُ He sold it for a price. (Msb.) b2: See also 2. b3: اثمن الرَّجُلَ مَتَاعَهُ, (T, S,) or سِلْعَتَهُ, (K,) and اثمن لَهُ, (T, S, K,) [i. e. اثمن له متاعه, or سلعته,] signify the same, (T, S, *) He gave the man the price of his commodity: (K:) or اثمن الرَّجُلَ بِمَتَاعِهِ, and اثمن لَهُ مَتَاعَهُ, he named to the man a price for his commodity, and assigned it to it, or to him. (Mgh.) ثُمْنٌ: see ثُمُنٌ.

ثِمْنٌ The eighth young one or offspring. (A in art. ثلث.) A2: One of the periods between two drinkings, or waterings, of camels: (S:) [or the end of one of those periods; namely, the night of coming to water which is] the eighth night of a period between two drinkings, or waterings, of camels, (K,) [counting the night of the next preceding drinking, or watering, as the first: see رِبْعٌ and خِمْسٌ &c.] See also 4.

ثَمَنٌ The price of a thing; i. e. the thing that the seller receives in return for the thing sold, whether money or a commodity; (Er-Rághib, TA;) the ثَمَن of a thing sold: (S:) and also (Er-Rághib, TA) a compensation, or substitute, (Mgh, Msb, Er-Rághib, TA,) whatever it be, for a thing, (Er-Rághib, TA,) i. e., for a thing that is sold; but in the sense commonly known, such as it is incumbent upon one to pay, of pieces of silver, and of gold [or other money]; not commodities and the like: (Mgh:) or the value, or worth, of a thing; (K;) its قِيمَة: (T:) or the estimated value, or worth, of a thing, by mutual consent, even though it be really excessive or deficient; whereas the قِيمَة is its real value or worth, its equivalent: (MF:) pl. أَثْمَانٌ (T, Mgh, Msb, K) and أَثْمُنٌ, (S, Msb, K,) the latter used only as a pl. of pauc., (Msb,) and [so] أَثْمِنَةٌ. (CK: not in the TA.) The saying in the Kur [ii. 38 and v. 48], وَلَا تَشْتَرُوا بِآيَاتِى ثَمَنًا قَلِيلًا is metaphorical, meaning (tropical:) And take ye not in exchange for my signs a small substitute: [i. e. purchase not in exchange for belief in my word the happiness, or enjoyments, of the present life.] (Mgh.) With respect to this saying, Fr remarks, when ثَمَنًا occurs in the Kur, with بِ prefixed to the name of the thing sold or bought, in most cases it relates to two things whereof neither is a ثمن in the sense commonly known, i. e., such as pieces of gold and of silver: and such is the case when you say, اِشْتَرَيْتُ ثَوْبًا بِكِسَآءٍ [I purchased a garment with a كساء, q. v.]: either of these may be termed a ثمن for the other: but in speaking of pieces of silver and of gold, you prefix the ب to the ثمن [only]; as is done in [the chapter of] Yoosuf, [i. e. ch. xii., v. 20, where it is said,] وَشَرَوْهُ بِثَمَنٍ بَخْسٍ دَرَاهِمَ مَعْدُودَةٍ

[And they sold him for a deficient, or an insufficient, price: for pieces of silver not many, so as to require their being weighed, but few, and therefore counted]: for pieces of silver are always a ثمن: and when you purchase pieces of silver and of gold with the like, you prefix the ب to whichever of the two you will, because each of them in this case is a purchase and a price. (T.) ثُمُنٌ (S, M, Mgh, Msb, K) and ↓ ثُمْنٌ (M, Msb, K) An eighth; an eighth part or portion; as also ↓ ثَمِينٌ; (S, M, * Mgh, Msb, K;) agreeably with a general rule applying to fractions, accord. to some; (M, K;) but ثَلِيثٌ was ignored by Az (T and S in art. ثلث) and by others, (TA,) and so was خَمِيسٌ: (S in art. ثلث:) pl. أَثْمَانٌ. (M, K.) ثَمَانٍ and ثَمَانٌ: see ثَمَانِيَةٌ.

ثَمِينٌ: see ثُمُنٌ.

A2: Also High-priced; or of high value; (S, TA;) and ↓ مُثْمِنٌ [signifies the same; or] having a price, or value: (TA:) but accord. to the Durrat el-Ghowwás, the assertion that the former has the meaning here assigned to it is a mistake; for it means [only] the same as ثُمُنٌ; and a thing that has a price, or value, is termed مثمن [app. مُثْمِنٌ, as above; but perhaps مُثْمَنٌ, q. v.]. (Har p. 42.) ثَمَانِيَةٌ a noun of number, well known; [meaning Eight;] as also ↓ ثَمَانٍ, (M, TA,) which is like يَمَانٍ, (M, K,) in form: (M:) the former is the masc. form: the latter, the fem.: (Msb:) this is not a rel. n. [though likened above to يَمَانٍ]: (M, K:) or it is originally a rel. n. from الثُّمُنُ, because it is the part, or portion, that makes seven to be eight, so that it is its eighth: they make the first letter to be pronounced with fet-h, because they make changes [in some other cases] in the rel. n., (S, K,) as when they say سُهْلِىٌّ and دُهْرِىٌّ, [which are rel. ns. of سَهْلٌ and دَهْرٌ,] (S,) and they suppress one of the two ى which are characteristic of the rel. n., and compensate it by the insertion of ا, as they do in the rel. n. of اليَمَنُ [when they say يَمَانٍ, originally يَمَانِىٌ, for يَمَنِىٌّ]: (S, K: [and the like is said in the Mgh:]) El-Fárisee says that the ا of ثَمَانٍ is the characteristic of the rel. n., because this word is not a broken pl. like صَحَارٍ; and IF assents to this, and says that were it not so, the ة would be inseparable, as it is in عَبَاقِيَةٌ &c. (M.) You say ثَمَانِيَةُ رِجَالٍ [Eight men], (T, S, Mgh,) and ثَمَانِيَةُ أَيَّامٍ [eight days]. (Msb.) And when ثمان is prefixed to another noun, its ى is retained, like the ى in القَاضِى: (S, Msb, K:) and it is decl. in the same manner as words of the class to which this last belongs: (Msb:) you say ثَمَانِى نِسْوَةٍ

[Eight women], (T, S, Mgh, Msb, K,) and ثَمَانِى

مِائَةٍ [eight hundred], (S, Msb, K,) [in the nom. and gen. cases;] and رَأَيْتُ ثَمَانِىَ نِسْوَةٍ [I saw eight women], pronouncing the fet-hah [at the end, in this case]. (Msb.) When it is with tenween, the ى is dropped in the nom. and gen. cases, but it is retained in the accus. case: (S, K:) [i. e.,] when the fem. form is not prefixed to another noun, you say, عِنْدِى مِنَ النِّسَآءِ ثَمَانٍ

[I have with me, of women, eight], and مَرَرْتُ مِنْهُنَّ بِثَمَانٍ [I passed by, of them, eight], and رَأَيْتُ ثَمَانِيًا [I saw eight]. (Msb.) It sometimes occurs, in poetry, indecl.: (S, M:) this is because it is fancied to be a pl.; (S;) or because it is likened, as to the letter, but not as to the meaning, to جَوَارِىَ. (M.) The people of El-Hijáz pronounce the masc. and the fem. with nasb in every case, in phrases like أَتَوْنِى ثَلَاثَتَهُمْ and أَتَيْنَنِى ثَلَاثَهُنَّ; and so on to ten [inclusive]. (S voce ثَلَاثَةٌ, q. v.) Th mentions ↓ ثَمَانٌ; (TA;) and some instances of its occurrence are cited; but As disallows it. (T, Mgh, TA.) كِسَآءٌ ذُو ثَمَانٍ means A [garment of the kind called] كساء

made of eight fleeces. (T.) تُقْبِلُ بِأَرْبَعٍ وَتُدْبِرُ بِثَمَانٍ [She advances with four and goes back with eight] is a saying of one of the مُخَنَّثُون of El-Medeeneh; meaning, with four creases (عُكَن) of the belly, and with eight extremities thereof; each crease having two extremities, towards the two sides of the woman spoken of. (Mgh in art. هيت.) The saying الثَّوْبُ سَبْعٌ فِى ثَمَانٍ should properly be فِى ثَمَانِيَةٍ, (S,) which means, The garment, or piece of cloth, is seven cubits in length by eight spans in breadth; (Msb;) because the length is measured by the ذِرَاع, which is fem., and the breadth by the شِبْر, which is masc.; but they use the fem. when they do not mention things; as when they say, صُمْنَا مِنَ الشَّهْرِ خَمْسًا [We fasted, of the month, five], though meaning days: (S:) or because ذراع is fem. in most instances, and شبر is masc. (Msb.) [But it is said that when ثمانية means the things numbered, not the amount of the number, it is imperfectly decl., being regarded as a proper name: thus] you say, تِسْعَةُ أَكْثَرُ مِنْ ثَمَانِيَةَ [Nine things are more than eight things]. (TA voce تِسْعَةٌ, q. v.) [See also سِتَّةٌ.] b2: When you make it a compound [with the number ten], you say, عِنْدَى ثَمَانِيَةَ عَشَرَ رَجُلًا [I have with me eighteen men]: and in the case of the fem., you may either make the ى to be with fet-h or make it quiescent, saying, عِنْدِى

مِنَ النِّسَآءِ ثَمَانِىَ عَشْرَةَ امْرَأَةً or ثَمَانِىْعَشْرَةَ [I have with me, of women, eighteen women]; but the former is the more chaste; and in one dial., the ى is elided, on the condition of [saying ثَمَانَ عَشْرَةَ,] making the ن to be with fet-h; (Msb;) or in this case you say ثَمَانِ عَشْرَةَ, with kesr. (T.) A poet says, (T, S,) namely, El-Aashà, (K,) فَلَأَشْرَبَنَّ ثَمَانِيًا وَثَمَانِيًا وَثَمَانِ عَشْرَةَ وَاثْنَتَيْنِ وَأَرْبَعَا [And I will assuredly drink eight cups of wine, (a pl. of كَأْس, which is fem., being understood,) and eight more, and eighteen, and two, and four]: (T, S, K: but in the S and K, وَلَقَدْ شَرِبْتُ; and in the K, and in one copy of the S, وَثَمَانَ:) he should properly have said ثَمَانِىَ عَشْرَةَ or ثَمَانِىْ عَشْرَةَ, (accord. to different copies of the T and S and K,) but he elides the ى after the dial. of him who says طِوَالُ الأَيْدِ [for الأَيْدِى], (S, K,) and he makes the ن to be with kesr in order to indicate the ى. (T.) b3: The dim. of ثَمَانِيَةٌ may be formed either by suppressing the ا, which is the preferable way, so that you say ↓ ثُمَيْنِيَةٌ, or by suppressing the ى, saying ↓ ثُمَيِّنَةٌ, changing the ا into ى and incorporating into it the ى that is the characteristic of the dim.; and you may compensate for both [of these suppressed letters by saying ↓ ثُمَيْنِيَّةٌ and ↓ ثُمَيِّينَةٌ]. (S.) b4: الثَّمَانِى is also the name of A certain plant. (As, T, K.) ثَمَانُونَ a well-known noun of number; [meaning Eighty;] sometimes used as an epithet: ElAashà says, لَئِنْ كُنْتَ فِى جُبٍّ ثَمَانِينَ قَامَةً

وَرُقِّيتَ أَسْبَابَ السِّمَآءِ بِسُلَّمِ [Assuredly if thou wert in a well eighty fathoms deep, and wert made to ascend the tracts of heaven by a ladder]: he uses it thus as meaning deep. (TA. [But in this verse, as cited in the present art in the TA, أَبْوَابَ is put in the place of اسباب, which is the reading commonly known, and given in the S and TA in art. سب, and in the TA in art رقى-]) أَحْمَقُ مِنْ صَاحَبِ ضَأْنٍ ثَمَانِينَ [More stupid than an owner of eighty sheep], (S, K,) or مِنْ رَاعِى ضَأْنٍ ثَمَانِينَ [than a pastor of eighty sheep], as in some of the copies of the S, or, as in the Proverbs of Aboo-'Obeyd, مِنْ طَالِبِ ضَأْنٍ

ثَمَانِينَ [than a demander of eighty sheep], (TA,) is a saying that originated from the fact that an Arab of the desert announced to Kisrà an event that rejoiced him, whereupon he said, “Ask of me what thou wilt; ” and he asked of him eighty sheep. (S, K.) b2: [It also signifies Eightieth.]

ثُمَيْنِيَةٌ and ثُمَيِّنَةٌ and ثُمَيْنِيَّةٌ and ثُمَيَّينَةٌ: see ثَمَانِيَةٌ, last sentence but one.

ثَامِنٌ [Eighth: fem. with ة]. (S, K, &c.) b2: [ثَامِنَ عَشَرَ and ثَامِنَةَ عَشْرَةَ, the former masc. and the latter fem., meaning Eighteenth, are subject to the same rules as ثَالِثَ عَشَرَ and its fem., explained in art. ثلث, q. v.] b3: إِبِلٌ ثَوَامِنُ, [the latter word pl. of ثَامِنَةٌ,] Camels that come to water on the eighth night [after the next preceding watering]: from ثِمْنٌ. (TA.) أَثْمَنُ Of more [and of most] price or value. (S.) مُثْمَنٌ Sold for a price: (Msb:) or having a price named for it, and assigned to it. (Mgh.) [See also ثَمِينٌ.]

مُثْمِنٌ: see ثَمِينٌ مِثْمَنَةٌ A مِخْلَاة [or nose-bag]: (IAar, T:) or the like thereof. (S.) مُثَمَّنٌ Octangular. (S, K.) b2: A verse composed of eight feet. (TA.) A2: Collected together. (T, TA.) A3: Poisoned; syn. مَسْمُومٌ. (K.) b2: Fevered; syn. مَحْمُومٌ. (K.)

زبر

1 زَبَرَ البِئْرَ, (A, TA,) [aor. ـُ and perhaps زَبِرَ also,] inf. n. زَبْرٌ, (S, K,) He cased the well, or walled it internally, with stones. (S, A, K.) b2: زَبْرٌ also signifies The disposing a building, or construction, one part upon another; (K;) [as is done in casing a well;] and in this sense likewise it is an inf. n., of which the verb is زَبَرَ. (TK.) b3: And زَبَرَهُ بِالحِجَارَةِ, (TA,) inf. n. زَبْرٌ, (K,) He threw stones at him; or pelted him with stones. (K, TA.) b4: And [hence, perhaps, or] from زَبَرَ in the first of the senses expl. above, because him whom you restrain from error you strengthen like as a well is strengthened by its being cased, (TA,) زَبَرَهُ, (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K,) aor. ـُ (S, Mgh, Msb, K) and زَبِرَ, (Ks, K,) inf. n. as above, (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) He chid him; or checked, restrained, or forbade, him with rough speech: (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K:) he prevented, hindered, or withheld, him: (S, Mgh, K:) he forbade, or prohibited, him: (K:) he repelled him with strength. (MF in art. هزبر.) You say, زَبَرَهُ عَنِ الأَمْرِ He restrained him with rough speech, or forbade and prevented him, from doing the thing. (TA.) And زَبَرَ السَّائِلَ He chid and repelled the beggar with rough speech. (TA.) A2: زَبَرَ, (S, A, Msb, K,) aor. ـُ and زَبِرَ, (S, K,) inf. n. as above, He wrote (S, A, Msb, K) a writing, or book: (A, Msb:) or he wrote it firmly, skilfully, or well: (TA:) and he inscribed, or engraved, upon stones: (Az, TA:) and ↓ تَزْبِرَةٌ, also, is syn. with كِتَابَةٌ, like زَبْرٌ, (S, K,) and خَطٌّ: As says, I heard an Arab of the desert say, أَنَا أَعْرِفُ تَزْبِرَتِى, meaning خَطِّى and كِتَابَتِى [i. e. I know my writing, or handwriting]: (S:) and Fr says, It is either an inf. n. of ↓ زَبَّرَ, meaning he wrote, though I know not the verb with teshdeed, or it is a simple subst. like تَوْدِيَةٌ: (TA:) thus زَبَرَ is syn. with ذَبَرَ: (A 'Obeyd, T and S in art. ذبر:) [and so, perhaps, is ↓ زَبَّرَ with ذَبَّرَ.] b2: And زَبَرْتُهُ signifies also I read it, or recited it; [or did so with a low, or faint, voice;] like ذَبَرْتُهُ [q. v.]. (As, TA.) b3: زَبْرٌ is also syn. with كَلَامٌ [as meaning The act of speaking, or speech as a subst.]: (K:) [SM says,] thus it is found in all the copies: but [he adds] I have not found any authoritative ex. of it, so it requires consideration. (TA.) [Accord. to the TK, however, one says, سَأَلْتُهُ فَمَا زَبَرَ لِى بِزَبْرٍ, meaning I asked him, and he spoke not to me a speech, or sentence]

A3: Accord. to the K, زَبْرٌ is also syn. with صَبْرٌ [meaning The being patient, or patience]: one says, مَا لَهُ زَبْرٌ وَلَاصَبْرٌ: ISd says, This is mentioned by IAar; but in my opinion, the meaning here is عَقْلٌ. (TA. [See زَبْرٌ below.]) [Or, as syn. with صَبْرٌ, it may be an inf. n.: for, accord. to the TK, one says, لم يزبر عليه, meaning He did not endure it with patience (لَمْ يَصْبِرْ).]

A4: زَبُرَ, inf. n. زَبَارَةٌ, He (a ram) was, or became, bulky. (Lth, TA.) 2 زَبَّرَ see 1, in two places.4 ازبر He (a man, TA) was, or became, large in body. (K.) b2: And He was, or became, courageous, brave, or strong-hearted. (K.) A2: أَزْبَرْتُهُ, inf. n. إِزْبَارٌ, I rendered him (a ram) bulky. (Lth, TA.) 5 تزبّر He (a man) quaked, or trembled, by reason of anger. (TA. [See also Q. Q. 4.]) Q. Q. 1 زَأْبَرَ (S, A, K) and زَوْبَرَ (K) [and app. زَيْبَرَ (see مُزَأْبِرٌ)], said of a garment, or piece of cloth, (S, A, K,) Its زِئْبِر [or nap] came forth; (S, K; *) it had زِئْبِر. (TA.) A2: Also the first, [and app. the second and third likewise,] He made a garment, or piece of cloth, to have its زِئْبِر [or nap] come forth. (K.) [This verb and other similar words with hemzeh next after the ز are mentioned in the K in a separate art. before art. زبر.] Q. Q. 4 اِزْبَأَرَّ It (fur, or soft hair, and a plant, or herbage) grew forth. (S, K, TA.) b2: It (hair) bristled up. (S, A, K.) b3: He (a dog [and a horse]) bristled up his hair. (S, K.) Marrár Ibn-Munkid El-Handhalee says, (S, TA,) describing a horse, (TA,) فَهْوَ وَرْدُ اللَّوْنِ فِى ازْبِئْرَارِهِ وَكُمَيْتُ اللَّوْنِ مَا لَمْ يَزْبَئِرْ [And he is of a yellowish red colour on the occasion of his bristling up his hair, and of a dark bay colour as long as he does not bristle up his hair]. (S, TA.) b4: Also He (a cat) had abundance of hair. (TA.) b5: And He (a man) prepared for evil, or mischief: (K, TA:) or became affected by a quaking, or trembling, and a bristling-up of the hair. (TA) زَبْرٌ Stones. (K.) b2: [The stone casing of the interior of a well: see جُولٌ. b3: And hence,] (tropical:) Understanding, intellect, or intelligence, (S, A, K,) and judgment, (TA,) and self-restraint: (S, A:) originally an inf. n. [accord. to some; but this is evidently a mistake, as is shown by phrases in which it is coupled with جُولٌ]. (S.) One says, مَا لَهُ زَبْرٌ (tropical:) He has not understanding, or intellect, or intelligence, nor self-restraint: (S, A:) or judgment: or understanding to be relied upon. (TA.) And لَهُ زَبْرٌ وَجُولٌ: and مَا فَوْقَ ↓ هُوَ مَزْبُورٌ الجُولِ مِنْهُ وَصُلْبٌ مَا تَحْتَ الزَّبْرِ مِنَ الجُولِ: see جُولٌ. One says also of the wind, when it veers, or shifts, and does not continue to blow from one point, لَيْسَ لَهَا زَبْرٌ (tropical:) [It has not steadiness]. (TA.) A2: See also زِبِرٌّ.

زِبْرٌ [A thing] written; as also ↓ زَبِيرٌ: (K:) [or] a writing, or book; (S;) as also ↓ زَبُورٌ, of the measure فَعُولٌ in the sense of the measure مَفْعُولٌ, (S, Msb, K,) like رَسُولٌ: (Msb, TA:) زَبُورٌ signifying any writing or book: or any divine book with which it is difficult to become acquainted: or a book that is confined to intel-lectual science, exclusive of legal statutes or ordinances: (TA:) ↓ الزَّبُورُ signifies particularly the Book [of the Psalms] of David: (S, Mgh, Msb, K:) and also, and لُغَةُ الزَّبُورِ, the Syriac [or Hebrew] language: (Mgh:) the pl. of زِبْرٌ is زُبُورٌ; (S, K;) and the pl. of ↓ زَبُورٌ is زُبُرٌ. (S, Msb, K.) It is said in the Kur [xxi. 105], وَلَقَدْ كَتَبْنَا فِى

مِنْ بَعْدِ الذِّكْرِ ↓ الزَّبُورِ, meaning And we have written in the book sent down to David, after the تَوْرَاة [or Book of the Law revealed to Moses]: (Aboo-Hureyreh, TA:) Sa'eed Ibn-Jubeyr read الزُّبُور, [pl. of الزِّبْرُ,] and said that it means the Book of the Law revealed to Moses (التوراة) and the Gospel and the Kur-án [together]; and that الذكر means what is in heaven: (TA:) and some also read زُبُورًا in the Kur iv. 161 and xvii. 57. (S, TA.) زَبَرٌ, syn. with زَوْبَرٌ &c.: see زِئْبِرٌ.

زُبْرَةٌ A piece of iron: (S, Msb, K:) or a big piece of iron: (TA:) pl. زُبَرٌ (S, Msb, K) and زُبُرٌ. (S, K.) The former pl. occurs in the Kur xviii.

95. (S.) It is also said in the Kur [xxiii. 55], فَتَقَطَّعُوا أَمْرَهُمْ بَيْنَهُمْ زُبُرًا, (S, TA,) and زُبَرًا; (TA;) meaning قِطَعًا, (S, TA,) in both cases; (Fr;) [i.e., But they have become divided, in their state, among themselves, into parties:] or he who reads زُبُرًا makes it pl. of ↓ زَبُورٌ, not of زُبْرَةٌ; for the measure فُعْلَةٌ does not assume the measure فُعُلٌ in the pl.; and the meaning is, they have made their religion [to be founded upon] various books: and زُبَرٌ is pl. of زُبْرَةٌ: or it may be also pl. of ↓ زَبُورٌ, and originally زُبُرٌ, being changed therefrom, like as some of the Arabs are related to have said جُدَدٌ for the pl. of جَدِيدٌ, which is originally and regularly جُدُدٌ; after the same manner as when one says رُكَبَاتٌ for رُكُبَاتٌ, and غُرَفَاتٌ for غُرُفَاتٌ: and this opinion is strengthened by AA's allowing the reading زُبُرًا and زُبْرًا and زُبَرًا; زُبْرًا being a contraction of زُبُرًا, like as عُنْقٌ is of عُنُقٌ. (IB, TA.) b2: The anvil (K) of a blacksmith. (TA.) A2: The upper part of the back, next the neck; or the part between the two shoulder-blades; or the part where the neck is joined to the back-bone; syn. كَاهِلٌ: (K:) or the place of the كاهل: (S:) or a certain thing rising from the كاهل: (TA:) pl. in this sense, أَزْبَارٌ; or this is a pl. pl., as though it were pl. of زُبَرٌ, and this were pl. of زُبْرَةٌ in this sense. (TA.) One says, شَدَّ لِلْأَمْرِ زُبْرَتَهُ He strengthened his كَاهِل and his back for the affair. (TA.) b2: Also, hence, (S,) The accumulation, or mass, of hair which is between the shoulder-blades of the lion; (S in art. لبد;) [the mane of a lion;] the collection of hair (Lth, A, K) between the shoulderblades of the lion &c., (K,) or upon the place of the كَاهِل [expl. above], and upon the elbows, of the lion; (Lth, A;) and any hair in a similar collected state. (Lth, TA.) b3: And [hence,] الزُّبْرَةُ (tropical:) A certain asterism; (K;) two bright stars [d and q], (S, K,) in the كَاهِل [or part of the back next the neck], (K,) or which are the كَاهِلَانِ, (S,) of Leo; (S, K;) one [namely the Eleventh] of the Mansions of the Moon: (S, K:) [also called الخَرَاتَانِ: see this word: and see مَنَازِلُ القَمَرِ, in art. نزل:] it is of the dial. of El-Yemen. (TA.) [This description is incorrect if applied to the constellation as at present figured; but doubtless correct when applied to it as figured by the Arabs. Kzw, in his description of Leo, says that they are two stars, on the belly, and on the projecting part of the haunch-bone, of Leo.] b4: Also The breast, or what projects of its upper part, (syn. صُدْرَةٌ,) of any beast. (TA.) زِبِرٌّ, applied to a lion, (S, TA,) and to a man, (TA,) Strong; (AA, S, K, TA;) as also ↓ زَبْرٌ. (K.) زَبُورٌ: see زِبْرٌ, in four places; and see زُبْرَةٌ, in two places.

زَبِيرٌ: see زِبْرٌ.

A2: Applied to a ram, Bulky: (Lth, TA:) or large in the زُبْرَة [q. v.]: or compact. (TA.) b2: Applied to a man, Strong: and also acute, sharp, or quick, in intellect; clever, ingenious, skilful, knowing, or intelligent. (TA.) A3: Also A calamity, or misfortune; (Fr, K;) and so ↓, زَوْبَرٌ, (Mohammad Ibn-Habeeb, TA,) which has been said to have this meaning in a verse of Ibn-Ahmar cited below voce زِئْبِرٌ. (TA.) A4: And Black mud; or black fetid mud. (Sgh, K.) زَأْبَرٌ: see the next paragraph.

زُؤْبُرٌ: see the next paragraph.

زِئْبِرٌ (S, and K in art. زأبر, in the CK [erroneously] written زِئْبَر,) and زِئْبُرٌ, (S, K,) sometimes thus pronounced, (S,) or this, which is mentioned by IJ and ISd, is incorrect, (K, * TA,) and ↓ زُؤْبُرٌ and ↓ زُوبُرٌ and ↓ زَوْبَرٌ, (K in arts. زأبر and زبر,) as also زَغْبَرٌ or زِغْبَرٌ (as in two different copies of the K in art. زغبر) or زِغْبِرٌ (as in another copy of the K and in the O and TA in the same art.) and زَغْبُرٌ (accord. to a copy of the K in that art.) or زِغْبُرٌ, (O and TA in that art., and so accord. to one copy of the K,) [The nap, or villous substance, upon the surface of a garment, or piece of cloth;] what is upon the surface of a new garment, or piece of cloth, like what is upon the surface of [the kind of cloth called] خَزّ; (S, TA;) the زِئْبِر of [the kind of cloth called] خَزّ, and of a قَطِيفَة, and of any garment, or piece of cloth; (Lth, TA;) the زغبر of a garment, or piece of cloth; (Az, TA;) or what appears of the دَرْز [q. v., here meaning nap, or villous substance,] of a garment, or piece of cloth. (IJ, K.) [Hence] one says, ذَهَبَتِ الأَيَّامُ بِطَرَاوَتِهِ وَنَفَضَتْ زِئْبِرَهُ (tropical:) [lit. Days took away its freshness, and shook off its nap]; meaning its age became old. (A, TA.) And ↓ أَخَذَهُ بِزَوْبَرِهِ (S, A, K) and ↓ زَأْبَرِهِ (S, K) and ↓ زَبَرِهِ, (K,) as also زَغْبَرِهِ, (S, and K * in art. زغبر,) and ↓ زَنَوْبَرِهِ, incorrectly written in the K زَبَوْبَرِهِ, (TA,) (assumed tropical:) He took it altogether, (S, A, K,) leaving nothing of it. (S.) Ibn-Ahmar says, وَإِنْ قَالَ عَاوٍ مِنْ مَعَدٍّ قَصِيدَةً

بِهَا جَرَبٌ عُدَّتْ عَلَىَّ بِزَوْبَرَا i. e. (assumed tropical:) [And if a howler of Ma'add utters an ode in which is a fault,] it is attributed to me altogether, (S, * L,) when I have not been the author of it: (L:) the last word, accord. to Aboo-'Alee [El-Fárisee], being imperfectly decl. because made a proper name for the قصيدة, and therefore combining the two qualities of being determinate and being of the fem. gender: so he said in answer to a question of IJ: but some say that the said word there means a calamity, or misfortune: and IB says that it is a proper name for a bitch (كلبة [if this be not a mistranscription]), of the fem. gender. (TA. [In one copy of the S, I find only the last three words of this verse: in another, it commences thus: إِذَا قَالَ غَاوٍ مِنْ تَنُوخَ: in the TA, the former reading is given, except that غَاوٍ is put in the place of عَاوٍ.]) One says also, ↓ رَجَعَ بِزَوْبَرِهِ (assumed tropical:) He returned disappointed, or unsuccessful; (TA;) without having obtained anything; (K, TA;) and without having accomplished his want. (TA.) زَوْبَرٌ: see زَبِيرٌ: A2: and see also زِئْبِرٌ, in four places.

زُوبُرٌ: see زِئْبِرٌ.

زَنْبَرِىٌّ: see art. زنبر.

زِنْبَارٌ: see art. زنبر.

زُنْبُورٌ: see art. زنبر.

أَخَذَهُ بِزَنَوْبَرِهِ: see زِئْبِرٌ.

أَزْبَرُ and ↓ مَزْبَرَانِىٌّ (the latter written in [some of] the copies of the K, [not in all of them, for in the CK it is written as above,] مُزْبِرٌ, which is a mistake, TA) Large in the زُبْرَة [q. v.]: (S, K:) the former applied to a man, and the latter to a lion: (S:) or, accord. to ISd, Khálid Ibn-Kulthoom is in error in saying that the latter is an epithet applied to the lion; and that the correct word is مَرْزُبَانِىٌّ: the fem. of the former is زَبْرَآءُ. (TA.) b2: Also the former, Annoying, or hurting. (Sgh, K.) b3: قَدْ هَاجَتْ زَبْرَآءُ [Zebrà has become excited], (S,) or هَاجَتْ زَبْرَآؤُهُ His anger has become excited, is said of any man when this has been the case: (TA:) [it is said that] Zebrà was a clamorous and foul-tongued slave-girl of ElAhnaf Ibn-Keys; and when she was angry, he used to say, قد هاجت زبرآء: and it became a proverb. (S, TA.) تَزْبِرَةٌ: see 1.

مِزْبَرٌ A writing-reed; (S, A, K, TA;) a reed with which one writes. (TA.) مَزْبَرَةٌ: see art. زنبر.

مَزْبَرَانِىٌّ: see أَزْبَرُ.

بِئْرٌ مَزْبُورَةٌ A well cased, or walled internally, with stones. (S.) b2: See also زَبْرٌ.

مُزَأْبِرٌ and مُزَأْبَرٌ (S, K) and ↓ مُزَوْبِرٌ and ↓ مُزَيْبِرٌ, or ↓ مُزَوْبَرٌ and ↓ مُزَيْبَرٌ, (accord. to different copies of the K,) the third and fourth and the fifth and sixth said by Fr to be dial. vars. of the first and second, (Sgh, TA,) A garment, or piece of cloth, having nap (زِئْبِر) upon it: (S, K:) [or the second and fifth and sixth, having its nap made to come forth:] or the first is applied to a man [as meaning making to have its nap come forth; and so the third and fourth]: and the second, to a garment or a piece of cloth [as having the second of the meanings expl. above; and so the fifth and sixth]. (TA.) مُزَوْبَرٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

مُزَيْبَرٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

زعف

1 زَعَفَهُ, (S, K,) aor. ـَ (K,) inf. n. زَعْفٌ, (S,) He, or it, killed him on the spot; (S, K;) as also ↓ ازعفهُ, and ↓ ازدعفهُ; (K;) the last mentioned by As, as syn. with أَقْعَصَهُ: (TA:) or cast, or shot, at him, or smote him, so that he died on the spot, quickly: (L, TA:) and killed him quickly. (S.) b2: See also 4.

A2: زَعَفَ فِى حَدِيثِهِ He added, or exaggerated, or he lied, in his discourse, or narration. (Mj, L.) 4 أَرْعَفَ see above. b2: ازعف عَلَيْهِ He despatched him; or hastened and completed his slaughter; (El-Khárzenjee, K;) as also ↓ زَعَفَهُ, aor. and inf. n. as above. (TA.) 8 ازدعفهُ [originally اِزْتَعَفَهُ]: see 1.

زُعَافٌ, applied to poison, like زُؤَافٌ (S, K) and ذُعَافٌ [meaning Quick in its effect]; and in like manner applied to death: (S:) and ↓ مُزْعِفٌ, applied to death, and to a sword, that will not suffer one to linger; killing on the spot; (K;) as applied to a sword, thus expl. by As; as applied to death, expl. by Skr as meaning quick. (TA.) زُعُوفٌ [a pl. of which the sing. is not mentioned,] Places of destruction. (IAar, K.) حِسْىٌ مُزْعَفٌ [Water which the earth imbibes from sand above it, and which, when it reaches what is hard, is arrested thereby,] such as is not sweet. (Ibn-' Abbád, K.) مُزُعِفٌ: see زُعَافٌ. b2: المُزْعِفُ is also the name of a certain sword, (K, TA,) belonging to 'AbdAllah Ibn-Sebreh, one of the braves of El-Islám; thus accord. to Az: (TA:) or this is with ر; (Sgh, K;) and is thus found in the handwriting of Mohammad Ibn-El-' Abbás El-Yezeedee, with a dot beneath the ر, to show that it is not ز. (Sgh, TA.) المِزْعَافَةُ The serpent; (K;) as also المِزْعَامَةُ. (TA.) [Accord. to Freytag, مِزْعَافَةُ الرِّيقِ occurs in the Deewán el-Hudhaleeyeen as meaning The serpent: or the lion.] [See also art. ذعف, passim.]