نوب

1 نُبْتُهُ, aor. ـُ inf. n. نَوْبٌ; and ↓ اِنْتَبْتُهُ; I came to him by turns, (TA,) b2: * اِنْنَابَهُمْ, inf. n. اِنْتِيَابٌ, He came to them time after time, (S, K.) The Hudhalee (Aboo-Sahm Usámeh, TA,) says, ??

?? (S) Slender in the belly, an object of the chase, in a part of the desert far from roster and pasture; he will not come to the water otherwise than time after time. The port is describing a wild ass. (IB.) Accord to one relation, the last word is اِئْتِيَابَا. meaning “ coming by night. ” (S,) b3: [Also, ↓ انتاب, app., He did a thing time after time; did a thing by turns. (See مُنْتَابٌ.] b4: نَابَ, aor. ـْ inf. n. نَوْبٌ, He drove camels early in the morning to the water, and was [again] at the water in the evening, going to it thus] time after time (IAar) b5: نَابَ إِلَى اللّٰه; (K;) and ↓ اناب إِلَيْهِ, (S, K,) inf. n. إِنَابَةٌ; (TA:) obedience He returned from disobedience to obedience to God, he returned unto God [repenting]: he repented; (S, K:) or the latter, he returned unto God; syn. رَجَعَ (Msb:) or ناب signifies he kept to obedience unto God: [this is given in the K as another and distinct signification of ناب ?? and اناب signifies as before explained or he returned to the performance of God, command; not departing from anything thereof: or be returned time after time: the In. signification, accord. to the Kesh-sháf and AHei, is he entered upon the good turn. (TA, where for الخيل read الخير.) b6: نَابَ عَنِّى, aor. ـُ inf. n. نَوْبٌ and مَنَابٌ (S, K: but the former inf. n. which is mentioned by Th, is omitted in some copies of the S) and نِيَابَةٌ (Msb: [the only inf. n. there mentioned:] but this last, though also mentioned in the L, is rejected by Th and the other early authorities as not belonging to the classical language of the Arabs: TA) He supplied my place; served for me; acted in my place or stead, or as my substitute, lieutenant, deputy, factor, or agent; (S, K, &c.: فِى كَذَا in such an affair. (Msb.) b7: نَابَ عَنْهُ [and نَابَ مَنَابَهَ] It (a thing) supplied its (another thing's) place. (TA.) b8: نَابَهُ أَمْرٌ, aor. ـُ (S.) inf. n. نَوْبٌ and نَوْبَةٌ; (K, TA;) and ↓ إِنْتَابَهُ; (S;) a thing, or an event, [generally a misfortune, or an evil accident,] befell him; betided him; happened to him. (S, K.) 3 ناوبهُ, (inf. n. مُنَاوَبَةٌ, TA,) He did [or tock] a thing with him, each taking his turn ??

عاقبه. (K.) b2: نَاوَبْتُهُ, inf. n. مَنَاوَبَةٌ i. q. ??

[q. v., here signifying I shared with him. ?? (Msb.) 4 أَنَبْتُهُ عَنْهُ. (K,) and ↓ اسْتَنَبْتُهُ, (TA.) I made him to supply his [another's] place to act in him place or stead, or as his substitute, lieutenant, deputy, factor, or agent; (K, Msb;) فِى كَذَا in such an affair. (Msb.) b2: See 1. b3: أَتَانِى

فُلَانٌ فَمَا أَنَبْتُ لَهُ Such a one came to me, and I cared not for him, or paid any regard to him. (A.) 6 تَنَاوَبْنَا الخَطْبَ, and الأَمْرَ, We performed the affair, or business, by turns; or turn after turn. (T.) هُمْ يَتَنَاوبُونَ النَّوْبَةَ فِيمَا بَيْنَهُمْ فِى المَاءِ وَغَيْرِهِ [They took turns in the case of a thing that was between them; in the case of water &c.] (S.) b2: تَنَاوَبُوا عَلَيْهِ They did it by turns; this person doing it one time: and that, another. (Msb.) b3: تَنَاوَبُوا, as also تنازلوا and تطاعموا, They (a people on a journey ate with or of the tent of, [meaning, of the food of.] this man on one occasion of alighting, and another man on another occasion of alighting; each one of them having his tarn to supply the food of one day. (ISh.) b4: تَنَاوَبَوا عَلَى المَاءِ, (K,) or تناوبوا الماءَ, (L,) They shared the water among themselves [by turns] by means of the حَصَاة القَسْمِ, (K,) or المَقْلةُ: (L;) which is a pebble that is put into a vessel: then as much water as will come the pebble is poured into the vessel: this is done by persons on a journey when they have little water; and thus they divide it into shares. (K, arts. قسم and مقل.) b5: المَنَايَا تَتَنَاوَبُنَا Deaths come to us by turns; to each of us in his turn. (TA.) 8 إِنْتَوَبَ see 1.10 إِسْتَنْوَبَ see 4.

النَّوْبٌ What is a day's and a night's journey distant from one: (S, K:) what is a night's journey distant is called القَرَبُ: originally in the case of going to water: (S:) or what is three days' journey distant: or what is two leagues (فَرْسَخَانِ) distant; or three. (TA.) Lebeed says, إِحْدَى بَنِى جَعْفَرٍ كَلِفْتُ بِهَا لَمْ تُمْسِ مِنِّى نَوْبًا وَلَا قَرَبَا [I have become enamoured of one of the descendants of Jaafar: she has not become a day's and a night's journey (or three days' journey or two eagues,) distant from me, nor a night's journey distant]. (S.) Or نوب signifies [in these words of the poet] near, so that he might visit her repeatedly; and قرب and نوب are synonymous: (IAar:) or قرب [is used by him to signify that at such a distance] he might come to her once in three days. (AA.) A2: نَوْبٌ Strength: (K:) as also ↓ نَوْبةٌ: ex. أَصْبَحْتَ لَا نَوْبَةٌ لَكَ Thou hast become without strength: and تَرَكْتُهُ لَا نَوْبٌ لَهُ I left him without strength. (TA.) b2: نَوْبٌ Nearness. (ISk, S, K.) A3: نَوْبٌ a pl. (or rather a quasi. pl. n., TA) of نَائِبٌ: (RA, K:) [but in what sense I do not find: app., as the act. part. n. of نَابَ “ it befell, &c. ”]

نُبٌ Bees: pl. of نَائِبٌ: (S, K:) from نَوْبَةٌ “ a turn that falls to a man at a certain time,” accord. to As: or so called because they feed and return to their place: (S:) and if so, the sing. is نائب: (TA:) or so called because they are of a colour inclining to black; (S, from A'Obeyd; or, as in some copies of the S, A'Obeydeh;) or as likened to the nation of negroes called النُّوبَةُ: and if so, the word has no sing. (TA.) See also لُوبٌ.

A2: النُّوبُ (S, K) and ↓ النُّوبَةُ (S) [The Nubians;] a nation of the Negroes [or rather Ethiopians]: (S, K:) or the latter is the name of their country; an extensive country south of Upper Egypt. (K, TA.) b2: ↓ نوبِىٌّ [A Nubian;] an individual of the nation above mentioned. (S.) See لُوبَةٌ. b3: ↓ أَسْوَدُ نُوبِىٌّ: see لُوبِىٌّ.

نَوْبَةٌ A turn which comes to one, or which one takes; the time at which, or during which, anything is, or is to be, done, or had, in succession; an opportunity: (S, * K, MF:) pl. نُوَبٌ, (S,) which is extr. [with respect to analogy.] (TA.) See نَوْبٌ. b2: نَوْبَةٌ and ↓ نِيَابَةٌ A coming to water, &c., one time, or turn, after a former time, or turn. This is the meaning of the words in the following phrases, mentioned [but not explained] in the S and K: جَاءَتْ نَوْبَتُكَ and جاءت نِيَابَتُكَ, Thy time, or turn, to came to water, &c., in succession, has arrived: (TA:) pl. of the former word نُوَبٌ. (S, K.) b3: نَوْبَةٌ An assembly, a company, troop, or congregated body, of men. (K.) نُوبَةٌ: see نُوبٌ and نَائِبَةٌ.

نِيَابَةٌ: see نَوْبَهٌ.

خَيْرٌ نَائِبٌ Abundant good, (K,) that comes again and again [by turns]. (A.) b2: حُمَّى نَائِبَةٌ A quotidian fever. (S.) b3: نَائِبَةٌ Guests coming time after time. (TA, from a trad.) b4: See نُوبٌ. b5: نَائِبٌ One who supplies the place of another; who acts in his place or stead, or as his substitute, lieutenant, deputy, factor, or agent: pl. نُوَّابٌ. (Msb.) b6: نَائِبَةٌ What befalls, betides, or happens, that is afflictive, distressing, difficult, or unfortunate: pl. نَوَائِبُ and نُوَبٌ; the latter of which is extr.: (TA:) or rather this latter is pl. of نُوبَةٌ, which is syn. with نائبة, (MF,) a subst. from نَابَهُ أَمْرٌ, (S,) [and therefore signifying an accident, or a casualty, &c.; and as such this pl. is not extr., but analogous:] an evil accident; a misfortune; a disaster; a calamity; an affliction: pl. نَوَائِبُ: (S:) only signifying what is evil: (Msb:) or, accord. to some, an accident, whether good or evil: ex. Lebeed says, نَوَائِبُ مِنْ خَيْرٍ وَشَرٍّ كِلَاهُمَا فَلَا الخَيْرُ مَمْدُودٌ وَلَا الشَّرُّ لَازِبُ

[Accidents of a good nature, and of an evil, both of them; and neither is the good prolonged, nor the evil constant]: or what befalls, betides, or happens, to a man, of difficult, arduous, distressing, or afflictive, events, or affairs, and accidents: [a difficulty, or difficult affair] in a trad. respecting Kheyber it is said, قَسَمَهَا نُصْفَيْنِ نُصْفًا لِنَوَائِبِهِ وَحَاجَاتِهِ وَنُصْفًا بَيْنَ المُسْلِمِينَ [He divided it into two halves; half for his own difficulties, or difficult affairs, and wants, and half among the Muslims]. (TA.) مَنَابٌ A road to water. (K.) b2: مَنَابٌ (tropical:) i. q. مَرْجِعٌ: ex. إِلَيْهِ مَنَابِى (tropical:) [To him is my recourse]. (A.) مُنَابٌ pass. part. n. of 4, A person made to supply another's place; &c. (Msb.) b2: أَمْرُ مُنَابٌ فِيهِ An affair in which a person is made to supply another's place; in which a person is made to act in the place or stead of another person; or as another's substitute. (Msb.) See the verb.

مَنُوبٌ عَنْهُ A person whose place is supplied by another; in whose place or stead, or as whose substitute, another person acts. (Msb.) b2: أَمْرٌ مَنُوبٌ فِيهِ An affair in which a person supplies the place of another; in which a person acts in the place or stead of another, or as another's substitute. (Msb.) See the verb.

مُنِيبٌ, from اناب الى اللّٰه, Repenting, &c. (TA.) b2: مُنِيبٌ act. part. n. of 4, A person making another to supply his or another's place; &c. (Msb.) b3: See the verb. b4: مُنِيبٌ Copious rain: and good rain, of the [rain termed] رَبِيعٌ: (K:) or, accord. to En-Nadr Ibn-Shumeyl, copious rain (مَطَرٌ جَوْدٌ) is termed منيب: and you say, أَصَابَنَا رَبِيعُ صِدْقٍ منيبٌ [There fell upon us an excellent, copious rain, of such as is termed ربيع; meaning] good rain, but inferior to what is termed جود; but this is an excellent rain if followed by other rain. (TA.) مُنْتَابٌ act. part. n. of 8. b2: [Coming by turns: &c.] b3: Visiting. (RA.) b4: Doing a thing time after time: doing a thing by turns. (TA.)

نيب

1 نَابَهُ, aor. ـِ He hit him on his ناب, i. e., his canine tooth. (S, K.) 2 نيّب السَّهْمَ He bit the wood of the arrow, to know whether it were strong or weak, and made an impression upon it with his canine tooth. (S, K.) b2: نيّب فِيهِ He (a beast of prey) made an impression upon him with his canine tooth: he fixed his canine teeth in him. (TA) b3: نيّبت She (a camel) became extremely old: (Lh, S, K:) became what is termed a ناب. (A.) b4: نيّب and ↓ تنيّب (assumed tropical:) It (a plant) put forth its root. (K.) Also signifying the same with reference to white, or hoary hair. The root is thought by ISd to be thus likened to a canine tooth. (TA.) b5: ظَفَّر فُلَانٌ فِى كَذَا وَنَيَّبَ (tropical:) Such a one clung to, caught to, or took fast hold upon, such a thing: [lit., stuck his nails and dog-teeth into it]. (A.) See also ظَفَّرَ.5 تَنَيَّبَ see 2.

نَابٌ [originally نَيَبٌ, The canine tooth, or dog-tooth; or eye-tooth; the tusk, or tush; or the fang; of certain animals:] one of the teeth; (S;) the tooth that is [next] behind the رَبَاعِيَة, [or next but one to the central pair of incisors:] (M, K.) [In this sense, the word is masc.:] the tooth thus called is mase., when thus called: [though if you call it سِنٌّ (???)] but ناب when fem. signifies “ an old she-camel ” (Msb:) or, accord. to the M and K, it is fem. only in each of the above senses without distinction. (TA.) Sb says, that the Arabs observed the pronunciation termed imáleh (إِمَالَة) in the case of ناب in the nom. [as well as in the acc. and gen., in which latter case this pronunciation is agreeable with analogy on account of the final kesreh,] likening its (tropical:) to that in رَمَى, [in which it is expressed in writing by ى,] because it is changed from ى: but this is extr. That is, this pronunciation of (tropical:) changed from ى or و is only observed [regularly] when the said ا is a final radical letter; and specially in verbs: the instances of this kind that occur in nouns are extr.; and more (???) are these in which the ا changed from ى is a medial radical letter. (TA.) [But the restriction to the case of verbs is inconsistent with what is said by Ibn-Málik and other high authorities: and so, too, is the restriction to the case of a final radical letter.] Pl. أَنْيُبٌ (Lh, K) and أَنْيَابٌ [both pls. of pauc.: but the latter is used as a pl. of mult.:] and نُيُوبٌ; (S, K;) the latter contr. to analogy, (S,) because [نَابٌ is originally نَيَبٌ, and] a word of the measure فَعَلٌ does not [regularly] assume the measure فَعُولٌ in the pl.; (TA;) to which should be added نِيُوبٌ, a dial. var., as in the case of every pl. of the measure فُعُولٌ of which the medial radical letter is ى: (M, F:) and pl. pl. أَنَايِيبُ. (K, TA.) Ibn-Seenà says that no animal has both a ناب and a horn. (Msb.) b2: نَابٌ An aged she-camel: (S, K:) not applied to a male camel: (S;) so called because of the length of her lush; (S;) by synedoche; the whole being called by the name of a part: (TA:) as also ↓ نَيُوبٌ; (K;) accord. to some copies of the K, نَيَّوبٌ; but this is a mistake: (TA:) pl. of the former أَنْيَابٌ and نُيُوبٌ (K) and نِيبٌ: (S, K:) or these are pls. of both the former of sing. (K. accord. to some copies; and TA.) Sb is of opinion that نِيبٌ is pl. of ناب, and says that the Arabs have made it of the measure فُعْلٌ [as it is said to be in the S, for it is originally نُيْبٌ like as they have the pl. of دَارٌ, disliking the sound of نُيُوبٌ, because the ى is with dammeh, and preceded by dammeh, and followed by و. It is also said to be pl. of ↓ نَيُوبٌ; as it is related, on the authority of Yoo, that certain of the Arabs say صِيدٌ and بِيضٌ, as pls. of صَيُودٌ and بَيُوضٌ, agreeably with the dial. of those who say رُسْلٌ [instead of رُسُلٌ]; namely, the tribe of Temeem but their not saying نُيُبٌ, like as they say صُيُدٌ and بُيُضٌ, is an argument in favour of the opinion of Sb. b3: لَا أَفْعَلُ ذٰلِكَ مَا حَنَّتِ النِّيبُ [I will not do that as long as aged she-camels yearn towards their young ones i. e., I will never do it]. A proverb. (S.) b4: The dim. of نَابٌ is نُيَيْبٌ, without ة, because ناب, as applied to an aged she-camel, is like an epithet: (S:) or rather this formation of the dim. without ناب is a dev. from constant rule. (MF.) Sh says, that some of the Arabs make the dim. of ناب to be ثُوَيْبٌ, because many an ا such as that in ناب is changed from و: [or rather, this is generally the case:] but this, says Ibn-Es-Sarráj is an error on his part [who does (???) (S.) This apparently means, that Ibn-EsSarráj accuses Sh of an error; but such is not the case: for Sb himself says “ but this is an error on their part; ” i. e., on the part of the Arabs who say نويب for نييب (IB.) b5: نَابُ قَوْمٍ (tropical:) The lord, master, or chief, of a people: (S, K:) pl. أَنْيَابٌ. (TA.) b6: عَضَّتْهُ أَنْيَابُ الدَّهْرِ, and نُيُوبُهُ, [(tropical:) The dog-teeth of fortune bit him]. (A.) b7: انياب are likewise met. assigned to evil, or mischief. (TA.) نَيُوبٌ: see نَاب.

نُيَّبٌ [as though pl. of نَائِبٌ or نَائِبَةٌ] an epithet added to نُيُوبٌ as signifying “ canine teeth. ” to render the signification intensive, or energetic. (TA.) أَنْيَبُ Having a large, or thick, canine tooth, (K,) that does not bite a thing without breaking it. (Th.)

نقذ

1 نَقِذَ, aor. ـَ inf. n. نَقَذٌ; (Msb, K;) or نَقَذَ, (A, L,) aor. ـُ (L,) inf. n. نَقْذٌ; (A, L;) He became safe, in safety, saved, or liberated; he escaped. (A, L, Msb, K.) b2: نَقْذًا لَكَ Safety to thee! Said to a man stumbling. (A, K.) b3: See also 4.2 نَقَّذَ see 4.4 انقذهُ, (S, A, L, Msb, K,) inf. n. إِنْقَاذٌ; (K;) and ↓ استنقذهُ; and ↓ تنقّذهُ; (S, A, L, K;) and ↓ نقّذٌ, inf. n. تَنْقِيذٌ; and ↓ نَقَذَهُ, [aor. ـُ inf. n. نَقْذٌ; (K;) He saved, rescued, or liberated, him or it, (S, A, L, Msb, K,) from such a one, (S, L,) and from evil. (Msb.) 5 تَنَقَّذَ see 4.10 إِسْتَنْقَذَ see 4.

نَقَذٌ A thing that one has saved, rescued, or liberated; (S, L, Msb, K;) of the measure فَعَلٌ in the sense of the measure مَفْعُولٌ, like نَفَضٌ and قَبَضٌ; (S, L;) as also ↓ نَقِيذٌ and نَقِيذَةٌ: (L:) a man saved, or rescued, or liberated: (L:) also, a horse taken from another people: (L:) or a camel &c. taken by, and then recovered from, the enemy; as also نَقِيذَةٌ and نَقِيذٌ; pl. نَقَائِذُ: (A:) or ↓ نَقِيذَةٌ signifies a horse saved, or rescued, or liberated, (S, L, K,) and taken, (S, L,) from the enemy; (S, L, K;) pl. نَقَائِذُ: (S, L;) or the sing. of نقائذ, signifying horses saved, or rescued, or liberated, from the hands of men, or of the enemy, is ↓ نَقِيذٌ, without ة: (IAar, L:) and, accord. to El-Muffaddal, (L,) ↓ نَقِيذَةٌ signifies a coat of mail, دِرْعٌ; (L, K;) because it saves the person wearing it from the sword: (L:) and Az says, I have read in the handwriting of Shemir, that it signifies a coat of mail saved, or rescued, from the enemy. (L.) You say also, هُوَ نَقِيذَةُ بُؤْسٍ, and هُمْ نَقَائذُ بُؤْسٍ, He is saved, or rescued, from distress, or adversity; and they are &c. (A.) b2: مَا لَهُ شَقَذٌ وَلَا نَقَذٌ He possesses not anything. (K.) نَقِيذٌ and نَقِيذَةٌ: see نَقَذٌ. b2: Also the latter, A woman having had a husband. (K.) الأَنْقَذُ [or أَنْقَذُ, without the art.,] The hedgehog; القُتْفُذُ: (K;) as also with د. (TA.)

نذر

1 نَذَرَ عَلَى نَفْسِهِ, (Yoo, Akh, T, S, M, A, * K,) aor. ـِ and نَذُرَ, (M, K,) inf. n. نَذْرٌ (Yoo, Akh, S, M, K,) and نُذُورٌ, (M, K,) [He made a vow; imposed upon himself a vow; أَنْ يَفْعَلَ كَذَا that he would do such a thing; either absolutely, or conditionally, as will be explained below;] he made [a future action] binding, or obligatory, on himself; (T, M, A, K;) as also ↓ انتذر. (K.) And نَذْرًا ↓ انتذر signifies the same as نَذَرَ [He vowed a vow]. (Sgh.) You say also نَذَرْتُ مَالِى, aor. ـُ [and نَذِرَ as implied in the K] inf. n. نَذْرٌ, [I vowed my property; made a vow to give it.] (Yoo, Akh, S, K. *) And نَذَرْتُ لِلّٰهِ كَذَا, (S, Msb, K,) aor. ـُ and نَذِرَ, (S, Msb,) inf. n. نَذْرٌ, (Msb,) I made it binding, or obligatory, on myself, [i. e., I vowed,] of my own free will, to do or to give such a thing to God; namely, some religious service, or an alms, &c.: (TA:) or نَذْرٌ signifies the promising conditionally; as when one says, “Such a thing shall be obligatory on me if God restore to health my sick [son or other]: ”

this is termed نَذْرٌ: but the saying “ I impose upon myself the giving a deenár as alms,” is not so termed. (K.) The doing this is repeatedly forbidden in traditions: but what is meant thereby is, one's doing so in the belief that he may attain by it something which God has not decreed to betide him, or that he may divert from himself something decreed to befall him: yet if he do so, fulfilment is obligatory on him. (IAth.) Yousay also, نَذَرَ الوَلَدَ, (M, K,) and نَذَرَتْهُ, (M,) He (the father, M, K) and she (the mother, M) appointed the child [by a vow] to be a minister or servant to the church, (M, K,) or to a place appropriated to religious services or exercises, or acts of devotion: (TA:) so in the Kur, iii. 31. (M.) A2: نَذِرَ بِالشَّىْءِ, aor. ـَ (M, IKtt, Msb, K,) inf. n. نَذَرٌ (M, IKtt) and نَذَارَةٌ and نِذَارَةٌ, (IKtt,) or, as some assert, it has no inf. n., like عَسَى &c., the Arabs being content to use in its stead أَنْ followed by the verb, as is said in the 'Ináyeh, on the Kur, chap. xiv., (MF,) He knew of the thing: (Msb:) or he knew of the thing and was cautious of it or on his guard against it or in fear of it. (M, K.) You say also نَذِرَ القَوْمُ بالعَدُوِّ (S, A) The people knew of the enemy: (S:) or knew of the enemy and prepared themselves for them: (A:) or knew of the enemy and were cautious of them or on their guard against them or in fear of them. (TA.) And it is said in a trad., إِنْذَرِ القَوْمَ Have thou knowledge of the people and be cautious of them or on thy guard against them or in fear of them. (TA.) 4 أَنْذَرْتُهُ بِالأَمْرِ, (M, K,) and انذرته الشَّىْءَ, (Msb,) inf. n. إِنْذَارٌ (T, S, M, Msb, K) and نُذْرٌ (M, K) the latter accord. to Kr, but correctly it is a simple subst., (M,) and نُذُرٌ, (T, K,) or this is pl. of نَذِيرٌ, (T,) and نَذْرٌ, (K,) accord. to Lh and Kr, (TA,) [but this is properly a simple subst.,] and نَذِيرٌ, (M, K,) accord. to Zj, (M,) or Ez-Zejjájee, (TA,) but this should rather be regarded as a simple subst., (T, M,) I informed him, or advised him, of the thing: (M, K, TA:) this is the primary signification: (TA:) and [I warned him of the thing;] I cautioned him, or put him on his guard, against the thing, and put him in fear, (M, * K,) in my communication or announcement: (K:) in this sense the verb is used in the Kur, xl. 18: (M, TA:) or I announced to him the thing, (S, * Msb,) generally in a case of putting in fear the person addressed, or frightening him, (Msb,) or never otherwise than in such a case: (S:) and thus the verb is used in the Kur, ubi supra., وَأَنْذرْهُم يَوْمَ آلازِفَةِ [and warn them and put them in fear of the day of the approaching event, the day of resurrection] meaning, put them in fear of its punishment: (Msb:) and أَنْذَزْتُهُ بِكَذَا I informed him, or advised him, of such a thing. (Msb.) انذرهُ also signifies He (a spy) informed him, or advised him, of the state of the enemy: in the copies of the K, نَذَرَهُ; but this is a mistake. (TA.) And you say, أَنْذَرْتُ القَوْمَ مَسِيرَ العَدُرِّ

إِلَيْهِمْ I informed the people of the march of the enemy towards them, to put them on their guard. (T.) And أَنْذَرْتُ القَوْمَ بِالعَدُوِّ, and أَنْذَرْتُهُمُ العَدُوَّ, signify the same. (A.) It is said in a proverb, قَدْ أَعْذَرَ مَنْ أَنْذَرَ, meaning, He hath become excused, and averted from himself the blame of men, who hath warned thee that he will punish thee for a future evil deed proceeding from thee, if thou then do the evil deed and he punish thee. (T.) See also أَعْذَرَ, in two places: and see عُذْرٌ.6 تناذر القَوْمُ The people warned, or cautioned, one another, or put one another in fear, (M, K,) of a terrifying evil. (TA.) You say تناذر القَوْمُ كَذَا The people warned one another, (S,) and put one another in fear, of such a thing. (S, A.) A poet says, (S,) namely, En-Nábighah, (T, TA,) describing a serpent, (T,) and his being threatened by En-Noamán so that he passed the night as though he had been stung, turning over and over upon his bed, (TA,) تَنَاذَرَهَا الرَّاقُونَ مِنْ سُوْءِ سَمِّهَا تُطَلِّقُهُ طَوْرًا وَطَوْرًا تُرَاجِعُ [Of which the charmers have warned one another, and put one another in fear, on account of the evil nature of its poison, which it discharges one time and one time draws back]. (T, S, TA.) 8 إِنْتَذَرَ see نَذَرَ, in two places.10 استنذر إِلَيْهِ He offered warning to him (A, TA, art. عذر.) See استعذر.

نَذْرٌ A vow, which a man makes to be binding, or obligatory, on himself; (T, M, * K, * TA;) [either absolutely, or conditionally: (see نَذَرَ:)] pl. نُذُورٌ: (S, M, K: *) and in the following verse of Ibn-Ahmar, some say that نُذُر is pl. of نَذْرٌ, like as رُهُنٌ is pl. of رَهْنٌ; but others say that it is pl. of نَذِيرٌ in the sense of مَنْذُورٌ: كَمْ دُونَ لَيْلَى مِنْ تَنُوفِيَّةٍ

لَمَّاعَةٍ تُنْذَرُ فِيهَا النُّذُرْ [How many a waterless desert glistening with the mirage, in which vows, or things vowed, are vowed, lie in the way to Leylà!]. (S.) b2: Also, (tropical:) The mulct for an intentional wound; used in this sense by Esh-Sháfi'ee, (T, TA,) and of the dial. of El-Hijáz; (TA;) i. q. أَرْشٌ, (T, A, K, TA,) which is of the dial. of the people of El-'Irák: (T, TA:) pl. نُذُورٌ: (T, A, K:) said by Aboo-Nahshal to be only for wounds, small and great. (T, K. *) You say, لِى قِبَلَ فُلَانٍ نَذْرٌ, (T, TS, L,) or عِنْدَ فُلَانٍ, (K,) (tropical:) A mulct for a wound is owed to me. (T, K, &c.) And أَعْطَيْتُهُ نَذْرَ جُرْحِهِ (tropical:) I gave him the mulct for his wound. (A.) Aboo-Sa'eed Ed-Dareer says that it is thus called لِأَنَّهُ نُذِرَ فِيهِ, i. e., because it is made binding, or obligatory, for it; [namely, for the wound;] from the phrase نَذَرْتُ علَى نَفْسِى. (T, TA.) b3: [A votive offering].

A2: See also نُذْرٌ.

نُذْرٌ (M) and ↓ نُذُرٌ (T, S, K) [and ↓ نَذْرٌ (see 4)] and ↓ نَذِيرٌ (S, M) and ↓ نَذِيرَةٌ (M) and ↓ نِذَارَةٌ (Esh-Sháfi'ee, K) and ↓ نُذْرَى (K) are substs. in the sense of إِنْذَارٌ [meaning An informing, or advising, of a thing: and a warning, or cautioning, and putting one on his guard, against a thing, and putting one in fear of a thing; &c.: (see 4:)] (T, S, M, K:) or a putting one in fear in announcing a thing. (TA.) عُذْرًا

أَوْ نُذْرًا and عُذُرًا أَوْ نُذُرًا, accord. to different readings, in the Kur, lxxvii. 6, put in the accus. case as causal complements, signify لِلْإِعْذَارِ وَالْإِنْذَارِ [For excusing and warning]. (Zj, T.) [See also art. عذر.] And in like manner, ↓ نُذُرِ, in the Kur, liv. 16, &c., signifies إِنْذَارِى. (S, K.) And so ↓ نَذِيرِ, in the Kur, lxvii. 17. (T, M.) Hence also the saying of the Arabs, عُذْرَاكَ لَا نُذْرَاكَ, meaning, أَعْذِرُ وَلَا تُنْذِرْ [i. e. Do thou that for which thou wilt be excused, by inflicting punishment when it is deserved, and do not merely warn and put in fear]. (TA.) نُذُرٌ: see نُذْرٌ.

نُذْرَى: see نُذْرٌ.

نَذِيرٌ i. q. ↓ مُنْذِرٌ, (T, S, M, A, Msb, K,) as also ↓ نَذِيرَةٌ; (M;) i. e. [One who gives information, or advice, of a thing, or things: and one who warns;] one who cautions; (M, TA;) and who puts in fear: (TA:) one who gives notice to a people of an enemy, or other thing, that has come upon them; (TA;) a spy who gives notice, to a people, of an enemy, to put them on their guard; (A;) and in like manner ↓ نَذِيرَةٌ, a spy who informs an army of the state of the enemy: (T, K:) نَذِيرٌ is of the measure فَعِيلٌ in the sense of the measure مُفْعِلٌ: (M, L:) or its verb was نَذَرَ, but this has become obsolete: (T:) its pl. is نُذُرٌ; (M, Msb, K;) occurring in the Kur, liv. 23, [&c.]. (TA.) b2: [Hence,] ابو مُنْذِرٍ The cock (Har. p. 644). b3: [And also,] النَّذِيرُ The apostle: (M, K:) so in the Kur, xxxv. 34, accord. to Th: (M:) the prophet Mohammad: (T, K:) so, accord. to most of the expositors, in that verse of the Kur. (T.) b4: Hoariness, or whiteness of the hair: (T, M, K:) so, accord. to some, in the verse of the Kur, last referred to: (T, M:) but the explanation immediately preceding is more probable. (T.) b5: The sound of a bow: (AHn, M, K:) because it warns, or frightens, (يُنْدِرُ,) that which is shot at. (AHn, M.) A2: I. q. مَنْذُورٌ [i. e. Vowed]: pl. نُذُرٌ. (S.) See نَذْرٌ.

A3: See also نُذْرٌ.

نِذَارَةٌ: see نُذْرٌ.

نَذِيرَةٌ [A votive gift;] that which he gives who makes a vow. (M, K.) b2: A child appointed by the father (M, K) and mother (M) [by a vow] to be a minister, or servant to the church, (M, K,) or to a place appropriated to religious services, or exercises, or acts of devotion: (T:) pl. نَذَائِرُ. (T.) A2: See also نَذِيرٌ, in two places.

A3: And see نُذْرٌ.

نَاذِرٌ: see مُنَذِّرٌ.

مُنْذِرٌ: see نَذِيرٌ.

مَنْذُورٌ: see نَذِيرٌ.

فُلَانٌ مُنَذِّرٌ إِلَىَّ بِعِيْنِهِ, and ↓ نَاذِرٌ, Such a one is looking at me hard or intently, and making his eye prominent. (T, in TA, art. زنر.) مُتَنَاذَرٌ [A thing of which people warn or caution one another, or of which they put one another in fear]: applied to a disease [&c.]. (TA, art. خبر voce خَيْبَرَى.) b2: [Hence,] المُتَنَاذَرُ (assumed tropical:) The lion. (Sgh, K.)

نظر

1 نَظَرَ إِلَيْهِ, (S, M, A, Msb, K,) and نَظَرَهُ, (M, A, Msb, K,) aor. ـُ (M, A, &c.,) and أَنْطُورٌ is substituted for أَنْظُرُ in the dial. of certain Arabs, (IDrd, TS, K,) or, accord. to Lb, in the Bughyetel-Ámál, the و is here added only [by poetic license,] to make the sound of the dammeh full, agreeably with other instances; (TA;) and نَظِرَ إِلَيْهِ, and نَظِرَهُ, aor. ـَ (A, K,) the verb being like سَمِعَ accord. to the correct copies of the K, [and so in the A,] but in one copy of the K, like ضَرَبَ; (TA;) inf. n. نَظَرٌ, (S, M, A, Msb, K,) and نَظْرٌ is allowable, as a contraction of the former, (Lth,) and نَظَرَانٌ (S, K,) and مَنْظَرٌ (M, A, K) and مَنْظَرَةٌ and تَنْظارٌ, (M, K,) [which last is an intensive form; He looked at, or towards, in order to see, him, or it;] he considered, or viewed, him or it with his eye; (S, A, K;) with the sight of the eye; (Msb;) [i. e. looked at him or it;] as also ↓ تنظّرهُ: (K:) and ↓ انتظرهُ signifies the same as تنظّرهُ and نَظَرَهُ [but app. in another sense, to be mentioned below, and not in the sense explained above, though the latter is implied in the TA; and the same may be meant when it is said that ↓ تنظّر is syn. with نَظَرَ, if this assertion, which I find in the M, have been copied without consideration, and be not confirmed by an example]: (TA:) or نَظَرَ إِلَيْهِ signifies he extended, or stretched, or raised, [or directed,] his sight towards him or it, whether he saw him or did not see him. (TA.) The usage of النَّظَرٌ as relating to the sight is most common with the vulgar, but not with persons of distinction, who use it more in another sense, to be explained below. (TA.) You say, نَظَرَ إِلَيْهِ نَظْرَةً حُلْوَةً [He looked at him, or towards him, with one sweet look.] (A.) And نَظَرَ فِى المِنْظَارِ [He looked in the mirror]. (A.) And نَظَرَ فِى الكِتَابِ [He looked into, or inspected, the writing or book], (A, Msb,) which is for نَظَرَ المَكْتُوبَ فِى الكِتَابِ [he looked at what was written in the writing or book], or has a different meaning to be explained below. (Msb.) And هُوَ يَنْظُرُ حَوْلَهُ [lit., He looks around him; meaning,] he looks much. (A.) [See also نَظَرٌ below.] b2: نَظَرَتِ الأَرْضُ, (Sgh, K,) and نَظَرَتِ الأَرْضُ بِعَيْنٍ, and بِعَيْنَيْنِ, (A,) (tropical:) The earth, or land, showed (A, Sgh, K) to the eye (Sgh, K) its plants or herbage. (A, Sgh, K.) b3: نَظَرَ إِلَيْهِ (tropical:) It looked towards, meaning faced, him or it. So in the Kur, [vii. 197,] وَتَرَاهُمْ يَنْظُرُونَ إِلَيْكَ وَهُمْ لَا يُبْصِرُونَ (tropical:) Thou seest them look towards thee, i. e., face thee, but they see not; referring to idols, accord. to A'Obeyd. (TA.) And you say, دَارِى يَنْظُرُ إِلَى دَارِ فُلَانٍ (tropical:) My house faces the house of such a one. (S.) And نَظَرَ إِلَيْكَ الجَبَلُ (tropical:) The mountain faced thee:(A:) as in the following ex.: إِذَا أَخَذْتَ فِى طَرِيقِ كَذَا فَنَظَرَ إِلَيْكَ الجَبَلُ فَخُذْ عَنْ يَمِينِهِ أَوْيَسَارِهِ (tropical:) [When thou takest such a road, and the mountain faces thee, then take thou the way by the right of it or the left of it.] (S.) b4: [Hence, perhaps,] نَظَرَ الدَّهْرُ إِلَى بَنِى فُلَانٍ فَأَهْلَكَهُمْ [app. meaning, (assumed tropical:) Fortune opposed the sons of such a one and destroyed them]: (S [immediately following there the ex. which immediately precedes it here:]) or نَظَرَ إِلَيْهِمُ الدَّهْرُ signifies (tropical:) Fortune destroyed them: (M, A:) but (says ISd) I am not certain of this. (M.) b5: النَّظَرُ also signifies (assumed tropical:) The turning the mind in various directions in order to perceive a thing [mentally], and the seeing a thing: and sometimes it means (assumed tropical:) the considering and investigating: [and as a subst., speculation, or intellectual examination:] and sometimes, (assumed tropical:) the knowledge that results from [speculation or] investigation. (El-Basáïr.) It is mostly used as relating to the intellect by persons of distinction; and as relating to the sight, most commonly by the vulgar. (TA.) [It is said that] when you say نَظَرْتُ إِلَيْهِ, it means only [I looked at, or towards, him or it] with the eye: but when you say نَظَرْتُ فِى الأَمْرِ, it may mean [(assumed tropical:) I looked into, inspected, examined, or investigated, the thing or affair] by thought and consideration, intellectually, or with the mind: (TA:) [this remark, however, is not altogether correct, as may be seen from what follows: the truth seems to be, that نَظَرَهُ and نَظَرَإِلَيْهِ may be used in the latter of these two senses, though نَظَرَ فِيهِ is most common in this sense.] It is said in the Kur, [x. 101,] قُلِ انْظُرُوا مَا ذَا فِى السَّمٰوَاتِ (assumed tropical:) Say, Consider ye what is in the heavens. (TA.) And you say, نَظَرَ إِلَيْهِ He saw it, and (assumed tropical:) thought upon it, and endeavoured to understand it, or to know its result. (TA.) [And He looked to it, or at it, or examined it, intellectually; regarded it; had a view to it.] And نَظَرَ فِيهِ (assumed tropical:) He considered it: (TA:) or thought upon it; namely a writing or book; or when such is the object it may have another meaning, explained before; and an affair: and with this is held to accord the saying وَفِيهِ نَظَرٌ, q. v. infrà, voce نَظَرٌ: (Msb:) and (tropical:) he though upon it, measuring it, or comparing it. (M, K, TK. In the M and K, only the inf. n., نَظَرَ فِى أَمْوَالِ الأَيْتَامِ, of the verb in this sense is mentioned.) And فَنَطَرَ نَظْرَةً فِى النُّجُومِ (assumed tropical:) He considered, or examined, [or estimated,] the possessions of the orphans, in order to know them. (Msb.) And similar to this is the phrase [in the Kur, xxxvii. 86,] النَّظَرُ, meaning, (assumed tropical:) and he examined the science of the stars: (Msb:) [or he took a mental view of the stars, as if to divine from them.] الاِعْتِبَارُ when used unrestrictedly by those who treat of scholastic theology means الاِعْتِبَارُ [(assumed tropical:) The thinking upon a thing, and endeavouring to understand it, or to know its result; or judging of what is hidden from what is apparent; or reasoning from analogy]. (MF.) b6: نَظَرَ بَيْنَهُمْ, inf. n. نَظَرٌ, [app. for نَظَرَ فِى مَا بَيْنَهُمْ,] (assumed tropical:) He judged between them. (K.) b7: نَظَرَتْ, (TA,) inf. n. نَظَرٌ, (assumed tropical:) She practised divination; (K, * TA;) which is a kind of examination with insight and skill. (TA, from a trad.) b8: أُنْظُرْ لِى فُلَانًا (tropical:) [look thou out for such a one for me;] seek thou for me such a one. (A, TA.) b9: أُنْظُرْنِى (assumed tropical:) Listen thou to me. (M, K, TA [in the CK, erroneously, أُنْطِرْنِى.]) The verb [says ISd] has this meaning in the Kur, ii. 98. (M.) b10: أَنَا أَنْظُرُ إِلَى اللّٰهِ ثُمَّ إِلَيْكَ [lit., I look to God, then to thee; meaning,] (tropical:) I look for the bounty of God, then for thy bounty. (A.) b11: نَظَرَ اللّٰهُ إِلَيْهِ (tropical:) God chose him, and compassionated him, pitied him, or regarded him with mercy; because looking at another is indicative of love, and not doing so is indicative of hatred: (IAth:) or (assumed tropical:) God bestowed benefits upon him; poured blessings, or favours, upon him: (El-Basáïr:) and نَظَرَ لَهُمْ (tropical:) he compassionated them, and aided them; (Sgh, K;) and simply, he aided them: (K, * TA:) and نَظَرَ لَهُ (assumed tropical:) he accomplished his want, or that which he (another) wanted. (Msb.) A2: نَظَرَهُ is also syn. with ↓ إِتْنَظَرَهُ, q. v. b2: Also syn. with أَنْظَرَهُ, q. v. b3: Also نَظَرَهُ, (K, TA,) inf. n. نَظْرٌ; (TA;) or ↓ نَظَّرَهُ; (so in a copy of the M, and in the CK; but from the mention of the inf. n. in the TA, the former seems to be the right reading;) He sold it (a thing, M) with postponement of the payment; he sold it upon credit. (M, * K, * TA.) See also 4. b4: [In these last three acceptations, accord. to the A, the verb is used properly, not tropically.]

A3: نُظِرَ He was, or became, affected by what is termed a نَظْرَة; (K, TA;) i. e., a stroke of an [evil] eye; (TA;) [or of an evil eye cast by a jinnee;] or a touch, or slight taint of insanity, from the jinn; (K;) or a swoon. (K, TA.) 2 نَظَّرَ see 1, last signification but one. b2: نظّر فِيهِ [He said of it فِيهِ نَظَرٌ, q. v.]. (TA passim.) 3 نَاظَرَهُ فِى أَمْرٍ, inf. n. مُنَاظَرَةٌ, (T, S, *) (tropical:) He considered, or examined, or investigated, with him a thing or an affair, to see how they should do it: (T, TA:) he investigated, or examined, with him a thing, and emulated him, or vied with him, in doing so, each of them adducing his opinion: (TA:) [he held a discussion with him respecting a thing:] or نَاظَرَهُ is syn. with جَادَلَهُ: (Msb:) or مناظرة signifies the examining mentally, or investigating, by two parties, the relation between two things, in order to evince the truth; (KT; and Kull, p. 342;) and sometimes with one's self; but مجادلة signifies the disputing respecting a question of science for the purpose of convincing the opponent, whether what he says be wrong in itself or not. (Kull.) b2: Also ناظرهُ [(tropical:) He, or it, looked towards, or faced, him, or it; was opposite, or corresponded, to him or it. (See نَظِيرٌ.)] b3: (tropical:) He was, or became, like him: (A, K:) or like him in discourse or dialogue. (TA.) b4: جَيْشٌ يُنَاظِرُ أَلْفًا (tropical:) An army that is nearly equal to a thousand. (A.) b5: نَاظَرَ فُلَانًا بِفُلَانٍ (tropical:) He made, or called, such a one like such a one. (K.) Hence the saying of Ez-Zuhree, (K,) Mohammad Ibn-Shiháb, (TA,) لَا تُنَاظِرْ بِكِتَابِ اللّٰهِ وَلَا بِكَلَامِ رَسُولِ اللّٰهِ, i. e., Thou shalt not call anything like the book of God, nor like the words of the apostle of God: (A'Obeyd, T, K:) or thou shalt not compare anything, nor call anything like, to the book of God, &c.: (A,) or thou shalt not apply [aught of] the book of God, nor the words of the apostle of God, as a proverb to a thing that happens: (A'Obeyd, T, K; in which last, we read لِشَىْءٍ لِغَرَضٍ, in the place of the right reading, لِشَىْءٍ يَعْرِضُ: TA:) for, as Ibráheem En-Nakha'ee says, they used to dislike the mentioning a verse of the Kur-án on the occasion of anything happening, of worldly events; (T;) as a person's saying to one who has come at a time desired by the former, (TA,) or to one named Moosà, who has come at a time desired, (K,) جِئْتَ عَلَى قَدَرٍ يَا مُوسَى [Thou hast come at a time appointed, O Moosà: (Kur, xx. 42:)] (T, K:) and the like: (T:) but the first explanation is the most probable (TA, as from Az; but I do not find it in the T) 4 أُنْظِرَ بِهِ (tropical:) [He, or it, was made like]. Yousay, مَا كَانَ هٰذَا نَظِيرًا لِهٰذَا وَلَقَدْ أُنْظِرَ بِهِ (tropical:) [This was not like this, but has been made like]. (T, K:) like as you say, مَا كَانَ خَظِيرًا لَهُ وَلَقَدْ

أُخْطِرَ بِهِ. (T.) A2: انظرهُ He postponed him; delayed him: (M, A, Msb, K:) he granted him a delay or respite; let him alone, or left him, for a while: (T, TA:) as, for instance, a debtor, (T, Msb, TA,) and a man in difficult circumstances: (TA:) and ↓ نَظَرَهُ signifies the same. (Msb.) You say, بِعْتُهُ شَيْئًا فَأَنْظَرْتُهُ I sold to him a thing, and granted him a delay. (T.) And a person speaking says to him who hurries him, أَنْظِرْنى أَبْتَلِعْ رِيقِى Grant me time to swallow my spittle. (T.) And it is said in the Kur, [xv. 36 and xxxviii. 80,] فَأَنْظِرْنِى إِلَى يَوْمِ يُبْعَثُونَ Then delay me until the day when they shall be raised from the dead. (TA.) See also 8. b2: He sold to him a thing with postponement of the payment; he sold to him a thing upon credit. (M.) See also 1 last signification but one.5 تَنَظَّرَ see 1, first signification.

A2: See also 8.6 تناظرا (tropical:) They faced each other. (K.) You say, تناظرت الدَّارَانِ (tropical:) The two houses faced each other. (M.) And دُورُنَا تَنَاظَرُ, (S,) or تَتَنَاظَرُ, [which is the original form,] (A,) (tropical:) Our houses faced one another. (S, A.) b2: See also تَرَاوَضَا.8 انتظره: see 1, first sentence.

A2: He looked for him; expected him; awaited him; waited for him; watched for his presence; syn. اِرْتَقَبَ حُضُورَهُ; (TA;) and تَأَنَّى عَلَيْهِ; (M, K;) and ↓ نَظَرَهُ (aor. ـُ T &c., inf. n. نَظَرٌ S, K) signifies the same; (T, M, A, Msb, K;) and so ↓ تنظرّهُ, (M, A, K,) and ↓ أَنْظَرَهُ; (Zj, TA;) [but respecting the last two, see what is said below:] but when you say انتظر without any objective complement, the meaning is, [he waited; or] he paused, and acted or behaved with deliberation, or in a patient, or leisurely, manner. (Lth, T.) It is said in the Kur, [lvii. 13,] اُنْظُرُونَا نَقْتبِسْ مِنْ نُورِكُمْ Wait for us (اِنْتَظِرُونَا) that me may take of your light: and accord. to Zj, أَنْظِرُونَا [which is another reading] is said to mean the same: or the latter means delay us: accord. to Fr, however, the Arabs say أَنْظِرْنِى meaning Wait thou for me (اِنْتَظِرْنِى) a little, (T.) ↓ التَّنَظُّرُ also signifies The expecting, or waiting for a thing: (TA:) or the expecting, or waiting for, a thing expected: (M, K, TA:) or ↓ تنظّرهُ signifies he expected, or waited for, (انتظر,) him, or it, leisurely, and so ↓ استنظرهُ. (S.) You say also, انتظر بِهِ خَيْرًا أَوْ شَرَّا (M, A, K, in art. ربص, in the last of which is added يَحُلٌّ بِهِ) [He looked for expected, awaited, or waited for, something good or evil to befall him, or betide him]10 استنظرهُ: see 8, last signification but one b2: He asked of him, or desired of him, a postponement, or delay. (M, A, K.) نِظْرٌ: see نَظِيرٌ.

A2: A man says to another, بَيْعٌ, [or perhaps بِيعٌ, like the word used in reply to it. here following and like خِطْبٌ and نِكْحٌ meaning, I sell and the other says, نِظْرٌ, meaning, Grant me a delay (أَنْظِرْنِى) that I may buy (أَشْتَرِى) of thee. (M, TA.) نَظَرٌ: see 1. [Used as a subst., as well as when used as an inf. n.,] it has no pl. (Sb, in TA, voce فِكْرٌ.) b2: ضَرَبْنَاهُمْ بِنَظَر, and مِنْ نَظَرِ, (tropical:) We saw them. (A, TA.) b3: بَيْنَنَا نَظَرٌ (tropical:) Between as is the extent of a look in expect of ?? (A, TA.) b4: حَىٌّ نَظَرٌ, (K, * TA,) and حَىٌّ جِلَالٌ وَنَظَرٌ, (S,) and حَىٌّ حِلَالٌ وَرِيَآءٌ وَنَظَرٌ, (A,) (tropical:) A tribe went together, (S, A, K, *) of which the several portions see one another. (S, A.) b5: وَفِيهِ نَظَرٌ (assumed tropical:) But it requires consideration, by reason of its want of clearness, or perspicuity: (Msb:) [a phrase used to imply doubt, and also to insinuate politely that the words to which it relates are false, or wrong:] like فِيهِ تَأَمُّلٌ. (MF, art. صفح.) b6: هُوَ بِخَيْرِ النَّظَريْنِ, said in a trad., of one who has purchased a ewe or she-goat that has been kept from being milked for some days; meaning, (assumed tropical:) He has the option of adopting the better of the two things; he may either retain it or return it. (TA.) نَظْرَةٌ A look: a quick look or glance: (T:) pl. نَظَرَاتٌ. (A.) Hence the trad., لَا تُتْبِعِ النَّطْرَةَ النَّظْرَةَ فَإِنَّ لَكَ الأُوْلَى وَلَيْسَتْ لَكَ الآخِرَةُ [Thou shalt not make a look to follow a look; for the former is thine or right, lad the latter is not thine: i. e., when thou hast once looked at anything forbidden, unintentionally, thou shalt not look at it a second time]. (T, TA.) And the saying of a certain wise man, مَنْ لَمْ تَعْمَلْ نَظْرَتُهُ لَمْ يَعْمَلْ لِسَانُهُ [He whose look does not produce an effect, his tongue does not produce an effect]; (T;) meaning, that he who is not restrained from a fault or offence by being looked at is not restrained by speech. (TA.) b2: A stroke of an [evil] eye: (TA:) a stroke of an [evil] eye by which one is affected from the jinn's looking at him; (T, S; *) as also سَفْعَةٌ: (T;) or a touch, or a slight taint or infection of insanity. (طَائِفٌ,) from the jinn: or a swoon. (M, K.) b3: An alteration of the body or complexion by emaciation or hunger or travel &c. (S, M, K.) b4: Foulness; ugliness: (AA, TA:) evilness; or badness, of form or appearance; a fault: a defect; an imperfection. (M, K.) b5: (assumed tropical:) Reverence, veneration, awe, or fear, (I Aar, T, K,) b6: (tropical:) Compassion, pity, merry. (I Aar, T, K,) نَظِرَةٌ A postponement; a delay. (T, S, M, Msb, K.) It is said in the Kur. [ii. 280.]

فَنَظرَةٌ إِلَى مَيْسَرَةٍ [Then let there be a postponement, or delay, until he shall be in an easy state of circumstances]; (T, M, Msb) a. c., فَإِنْظَارٌ, (T,) or فَتَأْخِيرٌ: (Msb) and accord. to another reading, ↓ فَنَاظِرَةٌ, like كَاذِبَةٌ, in the Kur, lvi. 2. (M.) You say also, بَاعَ مِنْهُ الشَّىْءَ بِنَظِرَةٍ He sold to him the thing with postponement of the payment, he sold to him the thing upon credit. (M.) and اِشْتَرَيْتُهُ مِنْهُ بِنَظِرَةٍ, and بِإِنْظَارٍ, I bought a of him with postponement of the payment; I bought a of him upon credit. (T.) نَظَرِىٌّ (assumed tropical:) [Speculative knowledge or science; such as is acquired by study;] that of which the origination rests upon speculation. and acquisition by study; as the conception of the intellect or mind, and the assent of the mind or the position, that the world has had a ??? (K, T.) [It is opposed to بَدِيهِىٌ and to صرورِىٌّ.]

سُمْعُنَّةٌ نُظْرُنَّةٌ, and vars. thereof, see in art. سمع.

نَظَارِ, like قَطَامِ, (S, K,) an imp. n., (T.) meaning, Wait thou: syn إِنْتَظِرْ. (T, S, K.) نَظُورٌ and ↓ نَظُورَةٌ and ↓ نَاظُورَةٌ and ↓ نُظِيرَةٌ A chief person, whether male or female, to whom one looks. (M, K.) You say, ↓ فُلَانٌ نَظِيرَةٌ قَوْمِهِ, and قَوْمِهِ ↓ نَظُورَةُ, Such a one is the person to whom his people look, (Fr, T, S,) and whom they imitate, or to whose example they conform. (Fr, T.) All these words are also used in a pl. sense: (M, K:) or [so in some copies of the K; but in others, and,] نظيرة and نظورة have نَظَائِرُ for their pl., (S, K,) sometimes. (K.) b2: Also, نَظُورٌ A man who neglects not to look at, (M, L, K,) or to consider, (A,) that which, (M, A, L,) or him who, (K,) disquiets him, or renders him solicitous. (M, A, L, K.) نَظِيرٌ (tropical:) Looking to, or facing, another person or thing; opposite or corresponding to another person or thing; as also ↓ مُنَاظِرٌ; syn. مُقَابِلٌ. (A.) [Hence, نَظِيرُ السَّمْتِ, and النَّظِيرُ, (tropical:) The nadir; the point opposite to the zenith.] نَظِيرُكَ signifies أَلَّذِى يُنَاظِرُكَ, (M,) or الذى تُنَاظِرُهُ وَيُنَاظِرُكَ, (T,) [which I suppose to mean (tropical:) He who looks towards, or faces, thee; who is opposite, or corresponds, to thee; or he towards whom thou lookest, &c., and who looks towards thee, &c.: though susceptible of other interpretations: see 3.] b2: (tropical:) Like; a like; a similar person or thing: (AO, T, S, M, A, K;) equal; an equal: (Msb:) applied to anything: (TA:) as also ↓ نِظْرٌ; (AO, S, K;) like نَدِيدٌ and نِدٌّ; (AO, S;) and ↓ مُنَاظِرٌ: (K:) fem. نَظِيرَةٌ: (T, M, A:) pl. masc., نُظَرَآءُ: (M, A, Msb, K:) and pl. fem. نَظَائِرُ, (T, A,) applied to words and to all things. (T.) You say, فُلَانٌ نَظِيرُكَ (tropical:) Such a one is thy like. (T.) And هٰذَا نَظِيرٌ لِهٰذَا, (T,) or نَظِيرُ هٰذَا, (Msb,) (tropical:) This is the like of this, (T,) or the equal of this. (Msb.) And عَدَدْتُ إِبِلَ فُلَانٍ نَظَائِرَ (tropical:) I counted, or numbered, the camels of such a one in pairs, or two by two; (As, T, K; *) if by looking at their aggregate, you say, عَدَدْتُهَا جَمَارًا. (As, T.) نَظُورَةٌ: see نَظُورٌ, in two places. b2: See also نَظِيرَةٌ.

نَظِيرَةٌ: see نَظُورٌ, in two places. b2: Also, A scout, or scouts; (T, Sgh, K;) and so ↓ نَظُورَةٌ: (Sgh, K:) pl. of both, نَظَائِرُ. (TA.) b3: Fem. of نَظِيرٌ, q. v. (T, &c.). [And hence,] النَّظَائِرُ [the pl.] The more excellent of men: (K, * TA:) because they resemble one another in dispositions and actions and sayings. (TA.) نَظَّارٌ (tropical:) A horse (A, K) that raises his eye by reason of his sharpness of spirit: (A:) or sharpspirited, and raising his eye. (T, K.) نَظَّارَةٌ A people looking at a thing; (S, K;) as also ↓ مَنْظَرَةٌ. (K.) b2: See also مِنْظَارٌ.

نَاظِرٌ act. part. n. of نَظَرَ; Looking; &c.: pl. نُظَّارٌ. (Msb.) b2: النَّاظِرُ [The pupil, or apple, of the eye, the smallest black of the eye, (S, Msb,) in which is [seen] what is termed إِنْسَانُ العَيْنِ, (S,) [and] with which the man sees; (Msb;) the black spot in the eye; (M, K;) the clear black spot that is in the middle of the [main] black of the eye, with which the looker sees what he sees: or that part of the eye which resembles a mirror, in which, when one faces it, he sees his person: (TA:) or a duct (عِرْق) in the nose, wherein is the water of sight: (M, K:) [app. a loose description of the optic nerve:] or the sight itself: (M, K:) or the eye: (K:) or the eye is called ↓ النَّاظِرَةُ; (S, A; *) the pl. of which is نَوَاظِرُ. (A.) b3: شَدِيدُ النَّاظِرِ, (so in a copy of the M and of the A and in some copies of the K,) or سَدِيدُ النَّاظِرِ, (so in some copies of the K and in the TA,) A man clear of suspicion, who looks with a full gaze: (M, K:) or clear of that with which he is upbraided. (A.) b4: النَّاظِرَانِ Two veins at the two edges of the nose, commencing from the inner angles of the eyes, towards the face. (Zj, in his Khalk el-Insán.) b5: Also, نَاظِرٌ (assumed tropical:) A guardian; a keeper; a watcher: (S, Msb:) and, as also ↓ نَاظُورٌ, i. q. نَاطُورٌ, (K, TA,) [which last is] a word of the Nabathean dialect. (TA.) b6: [The dim. is نُوَيْظِرٌ.] You say, عُيَيْنَتِى نُوَيْظِرَةٌ إِلَى اللّٰهِ ثُمَّ إِلَيْكُمْ (tropical:) My eye (lit. my little eye) is looking to God for His bounty, then to you for your bounty. (A.) A2: In the Kur, [lxxv. 23,] the words إِلَى رَبِّهَا نَاظِرَةٌ have been explained as signifying Waiting for (مُنْتَظِرَةٌ) their Lord: but this is a mistake; for the Arabs do not say نَطَرْتُ إِلَى الشَّىْءِ in the sense of إِنْتَظَرْتُهُ, but they say نَظَرْتُ فُلَانًا in that sense. (T.) نَاظِرَةٌ: see نَاظِرٌ.

A2: See also نَظِرَةٌ.

نَاظُورٌ: see نَاظِرٌ.

نَاظُورَةٌ: see نَظُورٌ.

أَنْظُورُ for أَنْظُرُ: see 1.

مَنْظَرٌ [A place in which a thing is looked at]: a place, or state, in which one likes to be looked at. (T, A, TA.) You say, فُلَانٌ فِى مَنْظَرٍ وَمَسْمَعٍ

وَفِى رِىٍّ ومَشْبَعٍ (tropical:) Such a one is in a state in which he likes to be looked at and listened to [and in a state in which he is satisfied with drink and food]. (T, A, TA.) And لَقَدْ كُنْتَ عَنْ هٰذَا المَقَامِ بِمَنْظَرٍ (tropical:) Thou wast in a state [in] which thou likedst [to be looked at], away from this place of abode. (T, TA.) b2: The aspect, or outward appearance, of a thing; opposite of مَخْبَرٌ: (S, art. خبر:) [when used absolutely, a pleasing, or goodly, aspect; or beauty of aspect; as also ↓ مَنْظَرَةٌ: this is implied by the usage of مَنْظَرَانِىٌّ, q. v., and is well known:] or what one looks at and is pleased by or displeased by; as also ↓ مَنْظَرَةٌ: (M, K:) or the former, a thing that pleases and rejoices the beholder when he looks at it: (T:) and the ↓ latter, the aspect (مَنْظَر) of a man when one looks at it and is pleased by it or displeased by it. (T, TA. *) You say, لَهُ مَنْظَرٌ حَسَنٌ [He has a goodly aspect]. (A.) And اِمْرَأَةٌ حَسَنَةُ المَنْظَرِ, and ↓ المَنْظَرَةِ, [A woman goodly of aspect.] (S.) And مَنْظَرُهُ خَيْرٌ مِنْ مَخْبَرِهِ [His aspect is better than his internal state]. (S.) And إِنَّهُ لَذُو مَنْظَرٍ بِلَا مَخْبَرٍ, (T,) and بَلَا مَخْبَرَةٍ ↓ ذُو مَنْظَرَةٍ, (A,) [Verily he has a pleasing aspect without a pleasing internal state.]

مَنْظَرَةٌ A high place on which a person is stationed to watch; (S;) a place on the top of a mountain, where a person observes and watches the enemy: (T:) and مَنَاظِرُ [the pl.] eminences; or elevated parts of the earth; or high grounds: (M, K:) because one looks from them. (M.) b2: Its application to A certain separate place of a house, [generally an apartment on the groundfloor overlooking the court, and also a turret, or rather a belvedere, and any building, or apartment, commanding a view,] is vulgar. (TA.) b3: See also نَظَّارَةٌ. b4: And see مَنْظَرٌ, in five places.

مَنْظَرِىٌّ: see what next follows.

مَنْظَرَانِىٌّ (S, M, A, K) and ↓ مَنْظَرِىٌّ, (M, K,) the latter contr. to analogy, (M,) A man (M,) of goodly aspect. (M, K.) You say, رَجُلٌ مَنْظَرَانِىٌّ مَخْبَرَانِىٌّ [A man of goodly aspect and of pleasing internal, or intrinsic, qualities]; (S, A;) i. e., ذُو مَنْظَرٍ and ذُو مَخْبَرٍ. (TA, art. خبر.) مِنْظَارٌ A mirror (A, K) in which the face is seen. (TA.) b2: Also, A telescope; a thing in which what is distant is seen [as though it were] near: vulgarly, ↓ نَظَّارَةٌ. (TA.) مَنْظُورٌ A man looked at with an evil eye: (A, TA;) affected by what is termed a نَظْرَة; (T, TA;) i. e., a stroke of an [evil] eye; [or of an evil eye cast by a jinnee; or a touch, or slight taint of insanity, from the jinn;] or a swoon. (TA.) b2: A person, (T,) or chief person, (A,) whose bounty is hoped for, (T, A,) and at whom eyes glance. (A.) b3: مَنْظُورَةٌ A woman in whom is a نَظْرَة, meaning, a fault, defect, or imperfection. (K, * TA.) مُنَاظِرٌ: see نَظِيرٌ.

نظف &c.

نقر

1 نَقَرَ, (S, A, Msb, K,) aor. ـُ inf. n. نَقْرٌ, (S, Msb,) He (a bird) pecked, or picked up, (S, A, Msb, K,) a grain, (S,) or grains, (A, Msb,) from this place and that, (A, K,) بِمِنْقَارِهِ with his beak. (A.) [Accord. to the TA, the addition “ from this place and that,” which is found in the K and A, and in one place in the S, seems to be unnecessary. And ↓ انتقر signifies the same: see 8, in art. قب.] b2: [Hence, because of the sure aim with which a bird pecks a thing,] the same verb, having the same [aor. and] inf. n. signifies, (tropical:) It (an arrow) hit the butt. (Msb.) And He (an archer) hit the butt, without making his arrow to pass through, partly or wholly. (TA.) b3: [Hence also,] (assumed tropical:) He took [or picked] a thing, as, for instance, food, with the finger. (TA.) b4: Also, (M, K,) aor. and inf. n. as above, (M, TA,) He struck a thing (IKtt, K, * TA,) with a thing: (IKtt, TA:) [generally, he struck, knocked, or pecked, a thing with a pointed instrument, like as a bird strikes a thing with its beak:] he struck [or pecked] a mill-stone, or a stone, &c., with a مِنْقَار [which is a pick, or a kind of pickaxe; i. e., he wrought it into shape, and roughened it in its surface, with a pick]. (M, TA.) b5: [Hence,] (tropical:) He wrote [or engraved writing] فِى حَجَرٍ upon a stone. (A, K.) Whence the saying, التَّعْلِيمُ فِى الصِّغَرِ كَالنَّقْرِ عَلَى الحَجَرِ [or, as in a verse of Niftaweyh, فِى الحَجَرِ, i. e., Teaching in infancy is like engraving writing upon stone]. (TA.) b6: He struck [or fillipped] a man's head, and in like manner a lute, and a tambourine, with his finger. (TA.) You say also أُذُنَهُ ↓ أَنْقَرَ, meaning, He struck [or fillipped] his ear with his finger. (AA, in TA, art. نطب.) b7: [Hence,] نَقَرَ, [aor. ـُ inf. n. نَقْرٌ, as appears from what follows;] and ↓ أَنْقَرَ; (tropical:) [He made a snapping with his thumb and middle finger;] he struck his thumb against the end of the middle finger and made a sound with them. (A.) [And in like manner the former verb used transitively; as in the following instance:] وَضَعَ طَرَفَ إِبْهَامِهِ عَلَى بَاطِنِ سَبَّابَتِهِ ثُمَّ نَقَرَهَا [(tropical:) He put the end of his thumb against the inner side of his first finger, then made a snapping with it]. (TA.) See also نَقْرٌ, below. b8: [Hence also,] نَقَرَ بِالدَّابَّةِ, (T, A, TS,) or بِالفَرَسِ, (S,) aor. ـُ (TA,) inf. n. نَقْرٌ; (T, S, TS;) and ↓ أَنْقَرَ, (A, TS,) inf. n. إِنْقَارٌ; (TS;) (tropical:) He made a [smacking or] slight sound, to put in motion the [beast or] horse, by making his tongue adhere to his palate and then opening [or suddenly drawing it away]: (S:) or he struck with his tongue the place of utterance of the letter ن and made a [smacking] sound [by suddenly withdrawing his tongue]: (A:) نَقْرٌ signifies the making the end of the tongue to adhere to the palate, then making a sound [by suddenly withdrawing it]: (M, K:) or one's putting his tongue above his central incisors, at the part next the palate, then making a smacking sound [so I render ثُمَّ يَنْقُر]: (TA:) [the sounds thus described, which are nearly the same, are commonly made by the Arabs in the present day, in urging beasts of carriage:] or an agitation of the tongue (K, TA) in the mouth, upwards and downwards: (TA:) or a sound, (so in some copies of the K and in the TA,) or slight sound, (so in the TS [as mentioned in the TA] and in some copies of the K) by which a horse is put in motion: (TS, K:) or نَقَرَ بِلِسَانِهِ, accord. to IKtt, signifies he struck his palate with his tongue to quiet the horse: but this is at variance with what is said by Az, J, and ISd, and requires consideration. (TA.) A poet, (S,) Fedekee El-Minkaree, (K,) i. e., 'Obeyd Ibn-Máweeyeh, of the tribe of Teiyi, (TA,) uses النَّقُرْ for النَّقْرْ, meaning النَّقْرُ بِالْخَيْلِ [The smacking with the tongue to urge the horses]: pausing after the word, at the end of a hemistich, he transfers the vowel of the ر to the ق, (S, K,) agreeably with the dial. of certain of the Arabs, (TA,) that the hearer may know it to be the vowel of the [final] letter when there is no pause; (S;) like as you say, هٰذَا بَكْرُ and مَرَرْتُ بِبَكِرْ: but this is not done when the word is in the accus. case (S, K:) and if you choose, you may make the final letter quiescent in pausing, though it is preceded by a quiescent letter. (S.) b9: Hence also, فَإِذَا نُقِرَ فِى النَّاقُورِ [Kur, lxxiv. 8,] (tropical:) For when the horn shall be blown: (S, * A, * Bd, K:) from نَقْرٌ signifying (tropical:) the making a sound: originally, striking, which is the cause of sound. (Bd.) See also نَاقُورٌ, below. b10: Also, نَقَرَ He bored, perforated, or made a hole through or in or into, a thing: (TA:) or he did so with a مِنْقَار: (S:) and, inf. n. نَقْرٌ, he hollowed out, or excavated, a piece of wood. (Mgh, Msb.) نُقِرٌ and ↓ اِنْتَقَرَ, (so in some copies of the K,) or ↓ أُنْتُقِرَ, (so in other copies of the K and in the TA,) both in the pass. form, (TA,) said of stone and of wood and the like, signify alike, (K,) It was bored, or perforated, or it had a hole made through or in or into it: (TA:) [and it was hollowed out.] Yousay, نَقَرَ البَيْضَةَ عَنِ الفَرْخِ, (K,) aor. ـُ inf. n. نَقْرٌ, (TA.) He made a hole in the egg [so as to disclose the young bird]. (K.) And نَقَرَت الخَيْلُ, (A,) and بحوافرها نُقَرًا ↓ انتقرت, (Lth, K,) The horses made hollows in the ground with their hoofs. (Lth, A, K.) And in like manner, ↓ انتقرت السُّيُولُ نُقَرًا The torrents left hollows in the ground, in which water was retained. (TA.) b11: Hence, نَقَرَ عَنِ الأَمْرِ; (Msb;) and عَنْهُ ↓ نقّر, (S, K,) inf. n. تَنْقِيرٌ; (S;) and ↓ نقّرهُ; and ↓ تنقّرهُ: and ↓ انتقرهُ; (K;) (tropical:) He searched or inquired into the thing; investigated, scrutinized, or examined, it; (S, Msb, K, TA;) and endeavoured to know it: (TA;) and so نَقَرَ عَنِ لخَبَرِ (tropical:) he investigated the news, and endeavoured to know it. (A.) [and hence,] السَّهْمَ بَيْنَ إِصْبَعَيْهِ ↓ نقّر. (K, in art. حن,) or عَلَى الإِبْهَامِ, inf. n. تَنْقِيرٌ, (K, in art. دوم,) [He tried the sonorific quality of the arrow by turning it round between his fingers, or upon his thumb: see حَنَّانٌ, and دَرَّ السَّهْمُ, and see also 4, in art. دوم: or] نقّر السَّهْمَ signifies he made the arrow to produce a sharp sound [by turning it round between his fingers, or] upon his thumb. (TK, in art. دوم.) 2 نَقَّرَ see 1, last two sentences.4 أَنْقَرَ see 1, in three places, in the first half.

A2: انقر عَنْهُ, (S, K,) inf. n. إِنْفَارٌ, (TA,) He refrained, forbore, abstained, or desisted, from it or him; he left or relinquished, it or him. (S, * K.) Hence the saying, ضَرَبَهُ فَمَا أَنْقَرَ عَنْهُ حَتَّى قَتَلَهُ He beat him and left him not until be killed him. (TA.) And hence the saying of I'Ab, مَاكَانَ اللّٰهُ لِيُنْقِرَ عَنْ قَاتِلِ الْمُؤْمِنِ, i. e., God will not leave the slayer of the believer until He destroy him (S, TA.) 5 تَنَقَّرَ see 1, last signification 8 إِنْتَقَرَ see 1, latter part, in four places.

نَقْرٌ (tropical:) A slight sound that is heard in consequence of striking the thumb against the middle finger [and then letting them fly apart in opposite directions, passing each other]: (S, K:) [or the snapping with the fingers or with the thumb and middle finger, or with the thumb and first finger; as also ↓ نَقيرٌ: n. an. of the former with ة.] One says, مَا أَثَابَهُ نَقْرَةٌ (tropical:) [He did not reward him with even a snap of the fingers;] meaning, with anything: (S, K [in the former of which it is implied that نقرة thus used is from نَقْرٌ in the first of the senses explained above;]) not used thus save in [a negative phrase. (S.) A poet says, وَهُنّ حَرَى أَلَّا يُثِبْنَكَ نقْرَةٌ وَأَنْتَ حَرُى بِالنَّار حِينَ تُثِيبُ (tropical:) [And they are fit, or worthy, not to reward thee with anything, and thou art fit for, or worthy of, the fire of hell when thou rewardest]. (S.) Or the right reading in both these instances is ↓ نُقْرَةً, with damm. (TA.) [See نُقْرَةٌ.] One says also, لَمْ يَكْتَرِتْ لِى بِقَدُر نَقْرَة إِصْبَعٍ (tropical:) [He did not care for me so much as a snap of a finger]. (A.) [See also an (??) in a verse cited in the first paragraph of art. شأو.] I'Ab, in explanation of the words of the Kur, [iv. 123,] وَلَا يُظْلَمُونَ نَقِيرًا, put the end of the thumb against the inner side of his first finger, then made a snapping with it (ثُمَّ نَقَرَهَا), and said, This is what is termed ↓ نَقِيرٌ; [denoting the lit. meaning to be (tropical:) And they shall not be wronged a snap of the fingers.] (TA.) But see نُقْرَةٌ, below. b2: Also, A sound, or slight sound, by which a horse is put in motion: (TS, K:) as also ↓ نَقِيرٌ: (TA:) or the former has one or other of the different significations assigned to it above, in the explanations under the head of نَقَرَ بِالدَّابَّةِ. (K, &c.) نِقْرٌ: see نُقْرَةٌ.

نَقْرَةٌ: see نَقْرٌ, in four places.

نُقْرَةٌ A small hollow or cavity in the ground: (S:) or a hollow or cavity in the ground, not large: (Msb:) or a hollow or cavity in the ground in which water stagnates: (TA:) or a round وَهْدَة [or hollow] in the ground, (K, TA,) not large, in which water stagnates: (TA:) pl. نُقَرٌ (A, K) and نِقَارٌ: (K:) ↓ نَقِيرٌ also signifies a hollow, or cavity, in the ground; and its pl. is أَنْقِرَةٌ. (S.) b2: Hence, (S.) The place where the قَمَحْدُوَة [or occiput] ends, in the back part of the neck; (K;) i. e., the hollow in the back of the neck; (TA;) what is called نُقْرَةُ القَفَا; (S, A, Msb;) i. e., the hollow where (??) brain ends: the cupping in that part occasions forgetfulness: (Msb.) [and any similar hollow as the pit of the stomach: and a dimple: accord. to present usage; and in this sense it is used in the A, K, and TA, voce فَحْصَةٌ b3: The cavity, or socket, of the eye. (K.) b4: Foramen and; syn. ثَقْبُ الاِسْتِ: (K:) but in the (??) it is said that نُقْرَةُ الوَرِكِ signifies the hole, or perforation, that is the middle of the haunch; [app. meaning the sacro-ischiatic foramen: see الفَائِلُ, in art. فيل: but perhaps it may sometimes mean the socket of the thigh-bone; for نُقْرةٌ signifies any socket of a bone.] (TA.) b5: The little spot [or embryo] upon the back of a date stone, (AHeyth, K,) which is as though it were hollowed. (TA,) and from which the palm-tree grows forth: (AHeyth;) as also ↓ نَقيرٌ (S, A, Msb, K) and ↓ نِقْرٌ (K) and ↓ أُنْقُورٌ. (Sgh, K) You say, مَا أَثَابَهُ نُقْرَةٌ, (El-Basáir, TA,) and ↓ نَقِيرًا, (A,) lit., [He did not reward hour] (??) even a little spot on the back of a date-stone; (A, El-Basáïr;) meaning, (tropical:) with the meanest thing. (El Basáïr.) In the S and K, ما اثابه نَقْرَةٌ: see نَقْرٌ.] And مَا أَعْنَى عَنِّى نُقْرَةٌ (tropical:) He did not stand me in stead of the meanest (??) (A.) Lebeed says, bewailing the death of his brother Arbad.

↓ وَلَيْسَ النَّاسُ بَعْدَكَ فِى نَقِيرٍ

lit., [And the people, after thee, are not worth] a little spot on the back of a date-stone; meaning, لَبْسُوا بَعْدَكَ فِى شَىْءٍ (tropical:) [after thee they are not worth anything]. (S.) And hence, accord. to ISk [and the Jel], the saying in the Kur, [iv. 123.] وَلَا يُظْلَمُونَ نَقِيرًا [And they shall not be wronged even as to a little spot on the back of a date-stone.] (TA.) Hence also, [in verse 56 of the same chap.,] لَا يُؤْتُونَ النَّاسَ نَقِيرًا (tropical:) They would not give men a thing as inconsiderable as the little hollow in the back of a date-stone. (Jel.) See also نَقْرٌ. b6: The place in which a bird lays its eggs: (K:) pl. نُقَرٌ. (TA.) نَقِيرٌ: see نَقْرٌ, in three places.

A2: What is bored, or perforated; and what is hollowed out, or excavated; (مَا نُقِبَ, TA, and مَا نُقِرَ, K, TA;) of stone, and of wood, and the like. (K, TA.) b2: A piece of wood, (Msb,) or a block of wood, (أَصْلُ خَشَبَةٍ, S, K,) or a stump, or the lower part, (أَصْل,) of a palm-tree, (T,) which is hollowed out, and in which the beverage called نَبِيذ is made; (T, S, Msb, K;) the نبيذ whereof becomes strong: (S, K:) or a stump, or the lower part, (اصل,) of a palm-tree, which it was a custom of the people of El-Yemámeh to hollow out, then they crushed in it ripe dates and unripe dates, which [with water poured upon them] they left until fermentation had taken place therein and subsided: (A 'Obeyd:) or a stump, or the lower part, (اصل,) of a palm-tree, whereof the middle was hollowed out, then dates were put in them, with water, which became intoxicating نبيذ: (IAth:) the word is of the measure فَعِيلٌ in the sense of the measure مَفْعُولٌ. (Msb.) It is said in a trad., that Mohammad forbade النَّقِير, (S, * Msb, * TA,) meaning, the نبيذ thereof. (TA.) b3: A trunk of a palm-tree, hollowed out, and having the like of steps made in it, by which one ascends to غُرف [or upper chambers]. (K. [See also عَجَلَةٌ.]) b4: See also نُقْرَةٌ, throughout.

نُقَارَةٌ The quantity [of grain] which a bird pecks, or picks up. (K.) See 8, in art. قب. b2: What remains from the boring, or excavating, (نَقْر,) of stones: like نُجَارَةٌ and نُحَاتَةٌ. (TA.) نَقَّارٌ An engraver: or, accord. to Az, one who engraves stirrups and bits and the like: and one who bores (يَنْقُرُ) mill-stones. (TA.) b2: (tropical:) One who investigates, scrutinizes, or examines, and endeavours to know, affairs, and news. (TA.) ناَقِرٌ act. part. n. of نَقَرَ. b2: (tropical:) An arrow that hits, (Msb,) or has hit, (S, A, K,) the butt, (S, K,) or the eye of the target: (A:) if it do not hit the butt it is not so called: (S, TA:) [but see a phrase following:] pl. نَوَاقِرُ. (A, Msb.) b3: [Hence,] أَخْطَأَتْ نَوَاقِرُهُ (tropical:) [lit., His arrows that were wont to hit the butt missed]; meaning, he did not continue in the right course. (TA.) [And hence,] نَاقِرَةٌ (tropical:) A calamity; (K, TA;) pl. نَوَاقِرُ. (TA.) One says, رَمَاهُ الدَّهْرُ بِنَاقِرَةٍ, and بِنَوَاقِرَ, (tropical:) Fortune smote him with a calamity, and with calamities. (TA.) b4: Also, نَاقِرَةٌ (tropical:) A right argument, allegation, evidence, or the like; syn. حُجَّةٌ مُصِيبَةٌ: in the K, a و is incorrectly inserted between these two words: but the pl., نَوَاقِرُ, is afterwards correctly rendered in the K. (TA.) One says, أَتَتْنِى عَنْهُ نَوَاقِرُ (tropical:) There came to me, from him, speech which displeased me, or grieved me: or right arguments, or the like, (K, TA,) like arrows hitting the mark. (TA.) In the L, رَمَاهُ بِنَوَاقِرَ (tropical:) He cast at him words that hit the mark. (TA.) نَاقُورٌ (tropical:) A horn in which one blows; syn. صُورٌ: (S, K:) in the Kur, lxxiv. 8, the horn in which the angel shall blow for the congregating at the resurrection: the blast there mentioned is said to be the second blast: Fr. says that it is the first of the two blasts. (TA.) أُِنْقُورٌ: see نُقْرَةٌ.

مِنْقَرٌ: see مِنْقَارٌ.

مُنَقَّرُ العَيْنِ, (K,) and ↓ مُنْتَقَرُهَا, (Sgh, K,) or ↓ مُنْتَقِرُهَا, (CK,) Having the eye sunken. (K.) مِنْقَارٌ The beak of a bird; that which is to a bird as the mouth to a man; (Msb;) because it pecks, or picks up, with it: (TA:) or of a bird which is not one of prey; that of a bird of prey being called مِنْسَرٌ: (Fs, and S in art. نسر, and MF:) therefore the explanation in the K, which is, the مِنْسَر of a bird, is incorrect: (MF:) [and the dual signifies the two mandibles of a bird; used in this sense in the TA, art. صغو:] pl. مَنَاقِيرُ. (S.) b2: Hence, (TA,) The fore part of the خُفّ [app. meaning the foot of a camel, not a boot]. (K.) b3: [A kind of pickaxe; or a pick, by which a mill-stone, or the like, is pecked, or wrought into shape, and roughened in its surface; (see 1;)] an iron instrument like the فَأْس, (A, K,) slender, round, and having a خَلْف [or pointed head], (TA,) with which one pecks, (يُنْقَرُبِهَا, A, K, TA,) and cuts stones, and hard earth; (TA;) used [also] by a carpenter: (S:) and ↓ مِنْقَرٌ signifies [app. the same, or nearly the same,] i. q. مِعْوَلٌ: (S, K:) [the former is applied in the present day to a chisel:] pl. of the former, مَنَاقِيرُ; (S;) and of the latter, مَنَاقِرُ. (TA.) Dhu-r-Rummeh says, كَأَرْحَآءِ رَقْدٍ زَلَّمَتْهَا المَنَاقِرُ [Like mill-stones of Rakd (a mountain so called) which the minkars have rounded]. (TA.) See زَلَّمَ.

مُنْتَقَرُ العَيْنِ, or مُنْتَقِرُهَا: see مُنَقَّر.

نعش

1 نَعَشَهُ, aor. ـَ (S, K,) inf. n. نَعْشٌ, (S,) He (God) raised him; lifted him up; (S, K;) as also ↓ انعشهُ; (Lth, Ks, K;) which is disallowed by ISk, who says that it is a vulgar word, and by J after him, but is correct; (TA;) and ↓ نعّشهُ, (AA, K,) inf. n. تَنْعِيشٌ: (AA, TA:) or He (God) set him up, or upright; as also ↓ انعشهُ: (Msb:) [see an ex. in a verse cited voce شَمْلٌ:] or be [app. a man] raised him, or lifted him up, after a stumble, or trip. (Sb.) You say also, نَعَشْتُ الشَّجَرَةَ I set the tree upright, when it was leaning. (TA.) And نَعَشَ طَرُفهُ He raised his eye, or eyes. (S, * K.) b2: [Hence,] aor. and inf. n. as above, (TA,) (tropical:) He recovered him from his embarrassment, or difficulty: (A:) (tropical:) he restored him from a state of poverty to wealth, or competence, or sufficiency: (K, TA;) as also ↓ انعشهُ: (TA:) and (tropical:) he recovered him from a state of perdition or destruction. (TA.) And نَعَشَكَ اللّٰهُ (tropical:) May God restore thee from poverty to wealth, or competence, or sufficiency: or make thee to continue in life; preserve thee alive. (A.) and ↓ انعشهُ (assumed tropical:) He set him up, and strengthened his heart. (TA.) And الرَّبِيعُ يُنْعشُ النَّاسَ (tropical:) (A, TA,) [The spring, or spring-herbage, or the season, or rain, called الربيع,] makes men to live and enjoy plenty of herbage or the like. (TA.) b3: [Hence also,] نَعَشَ المَيِّتَ, (Sh, K,) aor. as above, (Sh,) and so the inf. n. (TA) (tropical:) He eulogized, or praised, the dead man, (Sh, K,) and exalted his praise, or fame, or honour. (Sh.) b4: نَعَشُوا المَيِّتَ also signifies They carried the dead man upon the نَعْش, q. v. (A [where this signification is indicated, but not expressed: it is shown, however, by an explanation of pass. part. n. (q. v. infra) in the TA.]) b5: نُعِشَ عَلَى جِنَارَتِهَا A نَعْش [q. v.] was made for her bier. (Mgh, from a trad. of, or relating to, Fátimeh.) 2 نَعّشهُ: see 1.

A2: Also, (K,) or نعّش لَهُ, (S,) inf. n. تَنْعِيشٌ, (K,) He said to him نَعَشَكَ اللّٰهُ [which see above, in 1, and also below, in 8]: (S, K:) in [some copies of] the S, نَعَّشَكَ الله. (TA.) 4 أَنْعَشَ see 1, in four places.8 انتعش He rose; or became raised, or lifted up: (TA:) he rose after his stumble, or trip: (S, A, Msb, K:) and in like manner you say of a bird, (A, TA,) meaning it rose [after falling or alighting], (TA,) and he raised his head. (TA.) Hence the saying, تَعَسَ فَلا انْتَعَشَ May he fall, having stumbled, or stumble and fall, and not rise [again]: a form of imprecation. (TA.) and hence the saying of 'Omar, اِنْتَعِشْ نَعَشَكَ اللّٰهُ Rise thou: may God raise thee: or نعشك اللّٰه has here one of the two meanings assigned to it before, in 1. (TA.) b2: [And hence,] (tropical:) He recovered, or became recovered, from his embarrassment, or difficulty. (A, TA.) نَعْشٌ A state of elevation, or exaltation. (Sh.) See 1. b2: A state of remaining; lastingness; endurance; permanence; or continuance; syn. بَقَآءٌ. (Sh, K.) A2: [A kind of litter, or] a thing resembling a مِحَفَّة, upon which the king used to be carried. when sick: (IDrd, Msb, K:) not the نَعْش of a corpse. (IDrd, Msb.) This is said to be the primary application. (TA) b2: And hence, (TA,) A bier, (S, A, Msb, K,) when the corpse is upon it. for otherwise it is called سرِيرٌ: (S, IAth, Msb:) it is called by the former name because of its height, or its being raised: (S, TA.) pl. نُعُوشٌ: (Msb:) also, a reticulated thing. (Az. Mgh, TA,) resembling a محَفّة, (Mgh,) which is put as a cover over a [dead] woman when she is placed upon the bier; (Az, Mgh, TA;) but this is properly called حَرَجٌ, though people called is نَعْشٌ, which is properly only the bier itself. (Az, TA.) b3: [And hence,] بَنَاتُ نَعْشِ الكُبْرَى [or بَنَاتُ نَعْشَ الكُبْرَى, together with نَعْشٌ or نَعْشُ, constitute (assumed tropical:) The constellation of Ursa Major: or the principal stars thereof:] seven stars; whereof four [which are in the body] are called نَعْشٌ [or نَعْشُ], and three [which are in the tail] are called بَناتٌ, (S, K,) i. e., بنات نعش (TA:) and to like manner الصُّغْرَى, (K,) or بنات نعش الصُّغْرَى

[together with نعش الصُّغْرَى constitute [the constellation of Ursa Minor: or the principal stars thereof; seven in number; whereof the four in the body are called نعش, and the there in the tail are called بنات]: (S:) [the former four] said to be likened to the bearers of a bier, because they form a square: (IDrd, TA:) [the بنات being so called as being likened to damsels or to men for بنات is pl. of اِبْنٌ applied to an irrational thing as well as pl. of بِنْتٌ) following a bier:] Sb and Fr agree that نعش is imperfectly decl. because determinate and of the fem. gender: (S:) or it is perfectly decl. when indeterminate, but not when determinate [by having the epithet الكُبْرَى or الصُّغْرَى

added to it]: (Aboo-'Amr Ez-Záhid, K:) بَنو نَعْشِ also occurs, in poetry; (Sb, S, K;) because a single one [of the stars thereof] is called ابْنُ نَعْشِ, (Lth, K,) being made to accord. in gender with كَوْكَبٌ; but when they say ثَلَاث or أَرْبَع, they say بَنَات: (Lth, TA:) [this is agreeable with a general rule; accord. to which, بَنَاتٌ is the pl. of اِبْنٌ applied to anything but a human being:] the pl. of بنات نعش is النَّوَاعِشُ; like as أَبَارِصُ is pl. of سَامُّ أَبَرَصَ. (L, TA.) See also نُعَيْشٌ. b4: Also نَعْشٌ A piece of wood, (K, TA,) of the length of twice the stature of a man, (TA,) upon the head of which is a piece of rag, (K, TA,) called حَرَجٌ, (TA,) with which young ostriches are hunted or captured. (K, TA.) نُعَيْشٌ [or نُعَيْشُ (assumed tropical:) The small star called] السُّهَى, which is [by the star (??)] in the middle of بَنَات نَعْش.

So in the saying, هُوَ أَخْفَى مِنْ نُعَيْش فِى بَنَاتِ نَعْش [He, or it, is more obscure than No'eysh among the Bená Naash]. (A, TA.) النَّوَاعِشُ: see نَعْشٌ, near the end.

مَنْعُوشٌ A corpse carried upon a نَعْش, or bier. (S, A, * Msb.)

نفض

1 نَفَضَ, (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K,) aor. ـُ (S, Msb,) inf. n. نَفْضٌ, (S, Mgh, Msb,) He shook (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K) a thing, (Mgh, Msb,) or a garment, or piece of cloth, (S, A, K,) in order that what was upon it, of dust &c., might fall off (S, * A, * Mgh, K, *) or to remove from it dust and the like; (Msb:) he took a thing with his hand, and shook it, or shook it violently, to remove the dust from it: (TA:) and in like manner a tree, in order that what was upon it [of face or of leaves] might fall of; (S, A;) ??

instance,] a tree of the kind called عِضاه, to shake off its leaves. (TA) You say also, نَفَضَ عَنَهُ الغُبَارَ and التُّرَابَ [He shook off from it the dust (A.) And نَفَضَتُ الوَرَقَ مِنْ الشَّجَرَة. inf. n. ??

above, [He shook off the leaves from the tree;] be made the leaves to fall from the tree. (Msb,) And نَفْضٌ also signifies The sprinkling or ??

tering in drops, (syn. رَشٌّ,) water and blood. ??

K, in art. رش,) and tears, (K, ??: &c. ??

bid.) b2: [Hence,] ?? (S, A, K) (tropical:) The fever made him to shiver, or tremble (As, TA b3: And نَفَضَتِ المَرْأَةُ, (K,) or نَفضَتٌ كَرشَهَا (??) or نَفَضَتْ وَلَدَهَا مِنْ بَطْنها, (A,) The woman have many children; was prolific (S, K. TA) and نَفَضَت الإِبِلُ (assumed tropical:) The she-camels brought forth, (S, L, K,) all of them: (L;) and ↓ انعضت signifies the same. (IDrd, S, K.) And ??

بَيْضَها (tropical:) [The ?? la?? hen eggs. or all ??

A. TA.) b4: Hence also,] فَامَ يَنَفُضُ الكرَى, He arose, shaking off drowsiness]. (A. TA.) and نَفَضَ الأَسْفَامَ عَنْهُ وَاسْتَصَحّ; [He shook off water-dust from him, and ?? ?? from his ??

i. e. his health became in a ?? state (A. TA.) And نَفَضَ مِنْ مَرَضِهِ (A,) inf. n. نُفُوضٌ, (TA, K,) (tropical:) He recovered, or became free, from his ?? (A, K, * TA.) b5: And ?? ??

shored him what was in my heart (?? R ??

TA, in art. شكو and شكى b6: And ?? (tropical:) He cleared the road of robbers, and ?? of travellers: (tropical:) he guarded the road ?A. TA [The latter signification is shown by an explanation or the act. part. n.] It is said in the trad. of Aboo-Bekr and the cave [in which Mohammad was hiding himself], أَنَا أَنَفُضُ مَا حَوْلَكَ ??

guard what is around thee, and go round ??

to try if I can see a pursuer. (TA.) You say also, نَفَضَ المَكَان, (S, K,) aor. as above, (TA.) inf. n. نَفَضٌ (S, TA.) and ↓ ??, and ↓ تنفّضهُ; (S, K;) (tropical:) He looked trying to see all that was in the place: (S;) or he looked at all that was in the place so as to know it. (K) and hence نَفَضَ signifies (tropical:) He searched to the at most. (L.) And إِذَا تَكَلَّمُت نَهَارًا فَانْفُضْ وَإِذَا تَكَلَّمْتَ لَيْلًا فَاخْفِضْ (S, K, * TA) (tropical:) When thou speakest by day, look aside, or about, to try if thou see any one whom thou dislikest; (S, K, TA;) and when thou speakest by night, lower thy voice. (TA.) and القَوْمَ ↓ استنفض (tropical:) He looked at the people, or company of men, endeavouring to obtain a clear knowledge of them; or considered, or examined, them repeatedly, in order to know them. (TA.) The saying of El-'Ojeyr Es-Saloolee, القَوْمَ طَرْفُهُ ↓ إِلَى مَلِكٍ يَسْتَنْفِضُ means (tropical:) [To a king whose eye] looks at the people, or company of men, and knows who among them has the right on his side: or looks to see in whom among them is mental perception, sagacity, intelligence, forecast, or skill in affairs, and which of them is of the contrary description: (TA:) [or] طَرْفُهُ القَوْمَ ↓ فُلَانٌ يَسْتَنْفِضُ means (tropical:) [The eye of] such a one makes the people, or company of men, to tremble, by reason of his awfulness. (A, TA.) b7: You also say, الإِبِلُ تَنْفُضُ الأَرْضَ (assumed tropical:) The camels traverse the land. (IAar.) b8: And نَفَضَ القُرْآنَ, (IAar,) or السُّوَرَ, (K,) aor. ـُ inf. n. نَفْضٌ, (IAar,) (tropical:) He read, or recited, (IAar, K,) the Kur-án, (IAar,) or the chapters thereof. (K.) b9: And نَفَضْنَا حَلَائِبَنَا, inf. n. نَفْضٌ; and ↓ اِسْتَنْفَضْنَاهَا; (tropical:) We milked our milch beasts to the uttermost, not leaving any milk in their udders: (TA:) and الفَصِيلُ مَا فِى الضَّرْعِ ↓ انتفض (tropical:) the young camel sucked out all that was in the udder. (A, TA.) A2: [It is also used intransitively in the following exs., as well as in some instances given above. Thus نَفَضَ الشَّجَرُ app. signifies The trees shook off, or dropped, their leaves or fruit. (See an ex. voce عَتِيقٌ, last sentence but one.) b2: And hence] one says, نَفَضَ مَا فِى الجُلَّةِ [app. meaning What was in the palm-leaf basket became exhausted; like نَفِدَ; or it may be syn. with انتفض]; (A, K;) or جَمِيعُ مَا فِيهَا [all that was in it; which shows that ما in the former instance is virtually in the nom. case]. (TA.) See also 4, in two places. b3: And نَفَضَ الصِّبْغُ, (ISh, Mgh, K,) inf. n. نَفْضٌ, (ISh, TA,) or نُفُوضٌ, (TA,) (tropical:) The dye (ISh, K, TA,) of a red or yellow garment, or piece of cloth, (ISh, TA,) lost somewhat of its colour. (ISh, K, TA.) And hence, (Mgh,) نَفَضَ الثَّوْبُ, (A, Mgh,) aor. ـُ (A,) inf. n. نُفُوضٌ, (A, Mgh,) (tropical:) The garment, or piece of cloth, lost its dye: (A:) or lost somewhat of its colour, of redness, or yellowness: (Mgh:) or the colour of its dye faded away so that there remained nothing but the trace. (TA.) نَفْضٌ, accord. to the lawyers, signifies (assumed tropical:) The being scattered, strewn, strewed, or dispersed: and accord. to [the Hanafee Imám] Mohammad, the non-transition of the trace of the dye to another thing: or its exhaling a sweet odour. (Mgh [but it seems that the particle لا, which I have rendered “ non,” is inserted by mistake in my copy of the Mgh.]) b4: نَفَضَ الزَّرْعُ, (K,) or نَفَضَ الزَّرْعُ سَبَلًا, (TA,) (assumed tropical:) The seed-produce put forth the last of its ears. (K, TA.) And نَفَضَ الكَرْمُ (assumed tropical:) The grape-vine opened its bunches, or racemes. (K.) [See also 8.]2 نفّض, (S, TA,) inf. n. تَنْفِيضٌ, (TA,) He shook a garment, or piece of cloth, and a tree, much, or vehemently, in order that what was upon it might fall off. (S, TA. *) b2: Said of a horse, i. q. رَفَّضَ, q. v. (TA in art. رفض.) 4 أَنْفَضَتِ الجُلَّةُ i. q. مَا فِى الجُلَّةِ ↓ نَفَضَ, (A, K,) or جَمِيعُ مَا فِيهَا: (TA:) see 1. b2: انفضوا originally signifies They shook their provision-bags, in order that the dust or the like might fall from them. (A.) And hence, (A,) (tropical:) Their travellingprovisions became consumed, (S, M, A, K, TA,) and their wheat, or food; (M, TA;) like أَرْمَلُوا; (S, M, K, * TA;) as though they shook their provision-bags in order that the dust or the like might fall from them, because of their being empty; (TA;) as also ↓ نَفَضُوا: (K:) or انفضوا, (K,) or, as IDrd says, انفضوا زَادَهُمْ, making the verb trans., (TA,) They consumed their travellingprovisions. (IDrd, K.) And (tropical:) Their camels, or the like, (أَمْوَالُهُمْ,) died, or perished. (S, K.) إِنْفَاضٌ [the inf. n.] also signifies (assumed tropical:) The suffering hunger, or famine: and want. (TA.) b3: انفضت الإِبِلُ: see نفضت.5 تنفّض المَكَانَ: see 1.8 انتفض It (a thing, Mgh, Msb, or a garment, or piece of cloth, S, A, K, and a tree, S, A) shook, or became shaken, (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K,) so that what was upon it, of dust &c., fell off, (Mgh,) or so that the dust and the like became removed from it. (Msb.) Hence the saying in a trad., يَنْتَفِضُ بِهِ الصِّرَاطُ, i. e. [The bridge extending over hell will shake with him so that he will fall from it: or] will shake him, or shake him violently, or [app. a mistake for and] make him to fall. (Mgh.) b2: (tropical:) He trembled, quaked, or shivered: said of a man, and of a horse. (A, TA.) b3: (assumed tropical:) It (a grapevine) became beautiful and bright in its leaves: (K:) [as though its dust became shaken off.]

A2: It is also used transitively: see 1, latter half: and see 10, in three places.10 استنفض القَوْمُ (tropical:) The people, or company of men, sent forth a نَفِيضَة, (S, K, * TA,) or party of scouts: (TA:) or sent forth نَفَضَة, or persons to clear the roads of robbers and of intercepters of travellers, or to guard the roads. (A, L, TA.) b2: استنفض المَكَانَ: and القَوْمَ: see 1, in four places. b3: استنفضهُ also signifies (tropical:) He extracted, educed, or elicited, it. (A, Mgh, * K.) You say, اِسْتَنْفَضْتُ مَا عِنْدَهُ (tropical:) I extracted, educed, or elicited, what he had. (A, TA. *) b4: And hence, (Mgh,) استنفض (tropical:) He performed the act of cleansing termed اِسْتِنْجَآء, (Mgh, K,) with three stones, (Mgh,) or with the stone: (K:) or this is from نَفَضَ الثَّوْبَ; because the person who performs this act shakes off from himself what is annoying, with the stone; i. e., removes it. (TA.) Yousay also, استنفض الذَّكَرَ (tropical:) He took extraordinary pains in cleansing, or he cleansed entirely, (إِسْتَبْرَأَ,) the penis from the remains of the urine; as also ↓ انتفضهُ; (K;) and ↓ انتفض [alone]: (TA:) and ↓ this last, he sprinkled some water upon his pudendum after the ablution termed وُضُوْء. (TA in art. نصح.) b5: [Hence also,] استفضنا حَلَائِبَنَا: see 1.

نَفَضٌ What has fallen, of the produce of a tree; (TA;) what has fallen, of leaves, and of fruit: (S, Msb, K:) or a thing that one shakes [or has shaken] off: (T in art. ذرى:) of the measure فَعَلٌ in the sense of the measure مَفْعُولٌ, (S, Msb, TA,) like قَبَضٌ in the sense of مَقْبُوضٌ, (S, TA,) and هَدَمٌ in the sense of مَهْدُومٌ: (TA:) and (K, TA) what has fallen, (TA,) of grapes, [in the CK we find حَبُّ العِنَبِ for حَبِّ العِنَبِ, the reading in other copies of the K,] when they are found (يُوجَدُ [in the CK يُؤْخَدُ, thus, with خ, and with the unpointed د,]) one with another, (K. TA,) or cleaving one to another: (L, TA:) or what has fallen, of dates, at the feet of the palm-trees: (M, TA:) or what has fallen, of fruit, at the feet of trees; as also ↓ أَنَافِيضُ: (A:) or ↓ this last signifies leaves that are shaken off upon the نِفَاض, q. v.; as also ↓ نِفَاضٌ [which is app. pl. of نَفَضٌ, like as جِبَالٌ is pl. of جَبَلٌ]: (Sgh, K:) the sing. of انافيض is ↓ أُنْفُوضَةٌ. (TA.) [See also نُفَاضَةٌ.]

A2: قوْمٌ نَفَضٌ [app. quasi-pl. of ↓ نَافِضٌ, like as خَدَمٌ is of خَادِمٌ,] (tropical:) A people, or company of men, whose travelling-provisions have become consumed. (ISh.) نُفْضَةٌ (tropical:) The shivering, or trembling, attending a fever termed النَّافِض; (S, K;) as also ↓ نُفَضَهٌ (Sgh, K) and ↓ نُفَضَآءُ. (S, K.) [See also نِفِّضَى.] The subst. [from these words, which seems to indicate that they are inf. ns. or from نَفَضَتْهُ الحُمَّى, which precedes them in the K,] is ↓ نَفَاضٌ [app. signifying (tropical:) A shivering, or tremour, attending that fever]. (K.) A2: (assumed tropical:) A rain which falls upon a piece of land and misses another piece. (S.) [In the O and K in art. عهد, written نَفْضَة.]

نَفَضَةٌ: see نَفِيضَةٌ, in two places.

نُفَضَةٌ: see نُفْضَةٌ.

نَفَضَى: see نِفِّيضَى.

نُفَضَآءُ: see نُفْضَةٌ.

نَفَاضٌ: see نُفْضَةٌ: A2: and see نُفَاضٌ.

نُفَاضٌ: see نُفَاضَةٌ.

A2: Also, and ↓ نَفَاضٌ, (tropical:) The failure of travelling-provisions; i. e. their being consumed: or dearth, or drought: (S, K:) the latter of the words, and of the explanations, on the authority of Th. (S.) Hence, النفاضُ يُقَطِّرُ الجَلَبَ, (S, K,) a proverb, meaning, (tropical:) The failure of provisions, (TA,) or dearth, or drought, (S, K, TA,) causes the camels, driven or brought from one place to another, to be disposed in files for sale, (S, K, TA,) in order that their owners may buy provisions with their price. (TA.) نِفَاضٌ: see نُفَاضَةٌ: and نَفَضٌ.

A2: A piece of cloth upon which the leaves of the سَمُرُ and the like fall, it being spread, (K, TA.) and the tree being beaten with a staff, or stick: (TA:) pl. نُفُضٌ: (K:) and [in like manner] ↓ مِنْفَضٌ and ↓ مِنْفَاضٌ signify a garment of the kind called كِسَآء, upon which the نَفَض [or leaves or fruit of a tree] fall: (A, TA:) or ↓ مِنْفَضٌ signifies i. q. مِنْسَفٌ, (S, K,) i. e. a vessel (وِعَآء) in which dates [and grain] are shaken to remove the dust &c. (TA.) b2: A garment of the kind called إِزَار worn by boys: (S, K:) pl. as above. (TA.) Yousay also, مَا عَلَيْهِ نِفَاضٌ, (S, K,) meaning He has not upon him any clothing. (Ibn-'Abbád, K.) نَفُوضٌ (tropical:) A woman having many children: prolific. (S, A, K.) A2: رَجُلٌ نَفُوضٌ لِلْكَلَامِ (tropical:) A man who considers, examines, or studies, speech, or language, or does so repeatedly, in order to obtain a clear knowledge of it. (TA.) نُفَاضَةٌ What has fallen in consequence of shaking to cause something upon it to fall; (S;) what has fallen from a thing so shaken; (IDrd, K;) whatever it be; as, for instance, of leaves; and mostly, of leaves of the سَمُر in particular, when collected and beaten off [or rather beaten off and collected] in a garment, or piece of cloth; (IDrd, L, TA;) [like نَفَضٌ, q. v.;] and ↓ نُفَاضٌ signifies the same; (S, K;) and ↓ نِفَاضٌ also. (K.) And What remains in one's mouth, of a سِوَاك [or tooth-stick], and is spit out; or a particle broken off therefrom, remaining in the mouth, and spit out; i. q. نُفَاثَةُ سِوَاكٍ, (IAar, K,) and ضُوَازَتُهُ. (IAar.) نَفِيضَةٌ (tropical:) A company sent forth into the land to see whether there be in it an enemy, (S, K,) or not, (K,) or any [cause of] fear; (S;) like طَلِيعَةٌ; (S, TA;) as also ↓ نَفَضَةٌ; [pl. of ↓ نَافِضٌ, like as طَلَبَةٌ is of طَالِبٌ:] (S, K:) or the former signifies men going before an army as scouts, or explorers: (As, in TA, voce حَضِيرَةٌ:) or men who explore a place thoroughly: and also, a single person: (A 'Obeyd, in TA, ibid.:) or a scout, or scouts, stationed on a mountain or other elevated place: (TA:) or one who guards the road: (A, TA:) or a company [of men]: (TA:) and ↓ the latter, persons who clear the roads of robbers and of intercepters of travellers; or who guard the roads; (A, TA:) the pl. of the former is نَفَائِضُ; (S;) which also signifies persons who throw pebbles in order to know if there be behind them anything that they dislike, or an enemy. (K.) b2: Also, the pl., (assumed tropical:) Lean, or emaciated, camels; (S, K:) accord to AA, as occurring in a verse of Aboo-Dhu-eyb, in which he says, تُلْقِى النَّفَائِضُ فِيهِ السَّرِيحَا (S, TA,) In which the lean, or emaciated, camels cast the shoes; meaning that these have become dissundered; or, as Akh says, the thongs so called [by which their shoes are fastened], these being dissundered; فيه referring to the road; but some read, فِيهَا, referring to the roads, mentioned before: (TA:) As reads نفائض, as well as AA: (S, TA:) but others read the word with ق, as pl. of نِقْضٌ, and signifying “ jaded ” camels: (so in a copy of the S:) or نفائض signifies camels which traverse the land. (IAar, K.) b3: The sing. is also said to signify Waters where there is not any one. (IAar, Sh; both in the TA. voce حَضِيرَةٌ, q. v., and the former also in this art.) نِفِّضَى Motion: and tremour; or shivering; as also ↓ نِفِضَّى and ↓ نَفَضَى. (O, K.) [See also نُفْضَةٌ.]

نَافِضٌ (assumed tropical:) A fever attended with shivering, or trembling: (S, A. * K:) of the masc. gender: (ISd, K:) but applied as an epithet to حُمَّى

[which is fem.] (TA.) Contr. of صَالِبٌ. (S, in art. صلب.) You say, أَخَذَتْهُ حُمَّى نَافِضٍ, (S, K,) and حُمَّى بِنَافِضٍ, (K,) which is the more approved form, (TA,) and حُمَّى نَافِضٌ, (K,) the latter word being sometimes thus used as an epithet; the second meaning (tropical:) Fever took him, or affected him, with [a shivering, or trembling, or] violent shivering or trembling; (TA;) [and the first and third, fever attended with shivering, or trembling, took him, or affected him.]

A2: See also نَفِيضَةٌ

A3: and نَفَضٌ

A4: ثَوْبٌ نَافِضٌ (tropical:) A garment, or piece of cloth, which has lost its dye: (A:) or which has lost somewhat of its colour, of redness, or yellowness. (Mgh.) أُنْفُوضَةٌ: pl. أَنَافِيضُ: see نَفَضٌ, in three places.

دَجَاجَةٌ مُنْفِضٌ, (A,) or منفضة [i. e. مُنْفِضَةٌ], (TA,) (tropical:) A hen that has laid her eggs, or all her eggs, (نَفَضَتْ بَيْضَهَا, A, TA,) and desisted, (A,) or become weary. (TA.) مِنْفَضٌ: see نِفَاضٌ; for the former, in two places.

مِنْفَاضٌ: see نِفَاضٌ; for the former, in two places.

مَنْفُوضٌ (tropical:) Made to shiver, or tremble, by fever (S, K.)