برح

1 بَرِحَ is syn. with زَالَ [in two senses; i. e. as an attributive verb, and also as a non-attributive verb; as will be shown by what follows]. (S, A, Mgh.) [Using it as an attributive verb,] you say, لَا أَبْرَحُ حَتَّى تَقْضِىَ حَاجَتِى I will not go away, or depart, or withdraw, (لَا أَزُولٌ, and لَا أَتَنَحَّىِ,) until thou accomplish my want: from بَرِحَ المَكَانُ, inf. n. بَرَاحٌ, he went away, or departed, from the place; syn. زَالَ مِنْهُ: and to be distinguished from the phrase in the Kur [xviii. 59, similar as to words,] mentioned below. (Mgh.) You say, بَرِحَ مَكَانَهُ, (S, A, L, K,) aor. ـَ (K,) inf. n. بَرَاحٌ (S, L, K) and بُرُوحٌ (L, TA, and Ham p. 250) and بَرَحٌ, (L,) or بَرْحٌ, (as in a copy of the TA,) He went away, or departed, from his place; (S, L, K, and Ham ubi suprà;) and he became in the بَرَاح [or wide, uncultivated, or uninhabited, tract]. (S, L, K.) And مَا بَرِحَ مَكَانَهُ He did not quit his place. (Msb.) And بَرِحَ [alone], aor. ـَ inf. n. بَرَاحٌ, It (a thing) went away, or departed, (زَالَ,) from its place; (Msb;) as also ↓ تبرّح. (L.) In the phrase لَا بَرَاحَ [There is, or shall be, no quitting of place, or going away, or departing], the noun is in the accus. case, as in لَا رَيْبَ: but it is allowable to put it in the nom. case, so that لا is used in the manner of لَيْسَ; (S, K;) as in the following saying of Saad Ibn-Málik, [in the TA, in one place, Ibn-Náshib,] in a poem of which the rhyme is with refa, (S, IAth,) alluding to El-Hárith Ibn-'Abbád, who had withdrawn himself from the war of Teghlib and Bekr the sons of Wáïl: (IAth, TA:) فَأَنَا ابْنُ قَيْسٍ لَا بَرَاحُ مَنْ فَرَّعَنْ نِيرَانِهَا [Whoso fleeth from its fires, (i. e. نِيرَانِ الحَرْبِ the fires of the war,) let him do so: but as for me, I am the son of Keys: to me there is not, or shall not be, any quitting of place]. (S, IAth. [See also Ham p. 250, where, for مَن فَرَّ, we find مَنْ صَدَّ whoso turneth away.]) [Hence,] بَرِحَتِ الرِّيحُ بِالتُّرَابِ The wind carried up, raised, or swept up and scattered, [lit. went away with,] the dust. (Msb.) [Hence also, accord. to some,] بَرِحَ الخَفَآءُ, (T, S, K, &c.,) and بَرَحَ, (Ibn-ElLihyánee, Z, and TA, [thus written in a copy of the A,]) (tropical:) The state of concealment departed, or ceased: or (tropical:) what was in a state of concealment became apparent; from بَرَاحٌ meaning “what is open and apparent” of land: or (tropical:) what I was concealing became apparent: (T, TA:) or (tropical:) the affair, or case, became manifest, (S, A, K,) and its concealment ceased, (A,) [or] as though the secret departed, and ceased: (S:) or, as some say, (assumed tropical:) the secret became apparent: (TA in art. خفى:) or, lit., the low ground became high and apparent; meaning (assumed tropical:) what was concealed became revealed: (Har pp. 133—4:) the first who said it was Shikk the Diviner. (IDrd, TA.) b2: [Using it as a non-attributive verb,] you say, لَا أَبْرَحُ

أَفْعَلُ ذٰلِكَ I will not cease, or I will continue, (لَا أَزَالُ,) to do that: (S, A: *) and مَا بَرِحَ يَفْعَلُ كَذَا [he ceased not to do thus; or] he persevered in, or kept to, doing thus: (Msb:) and مَا بَرِحَ زَيْدٌ قَائِمًا [Zeyd ceased not to be, or he kept, or continued, standing]: in this case, the verb is of the category of كَانَ; (Mgh;) relates to time; and requires a predicate: and its inf. n. is بَرَاحٌ. (Ham p. 250.) Hence the saying in the Kur [xviii. 59], لَا أَبْرَاحُ حَتَّى أَبْلُغَ مَجْمَعَ البَحْرَيْنِ, but the predicate is suppressed: it may be مَا نَحْنُ فِيهِ كَذٰلِكَ [i. e. I will not cease in that wherein we are thus engaged until I reach the place of meeting of the two seas]: (Mgh:) or it means لَا أَزَالُ

أَسِيرُ [I will not cease journeying]: (Bd, Jel:) or لا ابرح here may mean I will not depart (لَا أَزُولُ) from that upon which I am intent, namely journeying and seeking; and I will not relinquish it; so that it does not require the predicate. (Bd. [He gives a third explanation, paraphrastic and strained, which I omit.]) A2: بَرَحَ, (S, K,) aor. ـَ (L, TA, [but it is implied in the K that it is بَرُحَ, which is contr. to rule,]) inf. n. بُرُوحٌ, It (a gazelle, S, K, and a bird, and any wild animal, that is hunted or shot, TA) turned its left side towards the spectator, passing by (S, K *) from the direction of his right hand towards that of his left hand: (S:) or passed by from the direction of the spectator's left hand towards that of his right hand: (Aboo-'Amr Esh-Sheybánee, IF, L, Msb, in art. سنح:) [the former appears to be accord. to the usage of the Hijázees; and the latter, accord. to that of the Nejdees, in general: see بَارِحٌ:] contr. of سَنَحَ. (S.) A3: بَرَحَ, aor. ـُ [contr. to rule,] (K,) inf. n. بَرْحٌ, (TA,) He was angry. (K.) When a man has been angry with his companion, one says, مَا أَشَدَّ مَا بَرَحَ عَلَيْهِ [How violently angry was he with him!]. (L.) 2 بَرَّحَتْ بِيَ الحُمَّى The fever affected me with its severity, violence, or sharpness, termed بُرَحَآءُ. (TA.) b2: Hence, (TA,) from بُرَحَآءُ, (S, K,) برّح بِهِ, inf. n. تَبْرِيحٌ, It (an affair, an event, or a case,) affected him severely; afflicted, distressed, or harassed, him: (S, K:) said also of anxiety; or disquietude, or trouble, of mind: (A:) and of a beating, meaning it hurt him severely, or greatly. (Msb.) Also said of a man, meaning He importuned him, or pressed him, with annoyance, or molestation: (A, TA:) he annoyed him, or molested him, by importuning or pressing; as also ↓ ابرح: (TA:) he annoyed him, or molested him, by distressing importunity or pressing: (T, TA:) and he punished, tormented, or tortured, him. (TA.) تَبْرِيحٌ signifies The act of annoying, molesting, or hurting: (Mgh:) and in a trad., (in which it is forbidden, TA,) the killing, or putting to death, in an evil [or a cruel] manner; such as throwing live fish, and lice, into the fire. (Mgh, TA.) A2: بَرَّحَ اللّٰهُ عَنْكَ May God remove from thee البَرْح [i. e. difficulty, distress, affliction, &c., or the difficulty, &c.]. (A, TA.) 4 ابرحهُ He made him, or caused him, to go away from, depart from, or quit, his place. (A, * L.) A2: He, or it, pleased, or rejoiced, him; excited his admiration and approval; induced in him wonder, or admiration, and pleasure, or joy. (S, K.) One says also, مَا أَبْرَحَ هٰذَا الأَمْرَ How greatly does this affair, or event, please, or rejoice! how greatly does it excite admiration and approval! or how greatly does it induce wonder, or admiration, and pleasure, or joy! (S.) b2: He treated him with honour, or honoured him, and magnified him: (S, K:) or, as some say, he found him to be generous, or noble. (TA.) b3: He judged him, or it, i. e. a man, (A, TA,) and a horse, (A,) or anything, (TA,) to be excellent, or to excel, (A, TA,) and wondered at, or admired, him, or it. (A.) A3: ابرح also signifies He exceeded the usual bounds, degree, or mode. (As, S, * TA.) You say, أَبْرَحْتَ كَرَمًا, and لُؤْمًا, (A, TA,) Thou hast done a thing exceeding the usual bounds [in generosity, or nobleness, and in meanness, or ignobleness]; or extravagant; or excessive. (TA.) b2: See also 2.5 تَبَرَّحَ see 1.

بَرْحٌ Difficulty, distress, affliction, or adversity; evil, or mischief; (K, TA;) annoyance, molestation, or hurt; severe punishment; trouble, inconvenience, or fatigue; (TA;) a difficult, a distressing, an afflictive, or adverse, and a wonderful, thing or event: (Ham p. 135:) and annoyance, or molestation, by distressing importunity or pressing; a subst. from 2: (T, TA:) and بِنْتُ بَرْحٍ, [and app. اِبْنُ بَرْحٍ also,] a calamity, misfortune, or disaster; or a great, or terrible, thing, affair, or case; (TA;) as also ↓ بِنْتُ بَارِحٍ, and ↓ اِبْنُ بَرِيحٍ; (K;) pl. بَنَاتُ بَرْحٍ and بَنُو بَرْحٍ. (TA.) [See also تَبْرِيحٌ.] You say, لَقِيتُ مِنْهُ بَرْحًا

↓ بَارِحًا I experienced from him, or it, [great] difficulty, distress, affliction, or adversity; [great] annoyance, molestation, or hurt; (S, A, * K; *) a phrase having an intensive signification, (K, TA,) like لَيْلٌ أَلْيَلُ [and لَيْلٌ لَائِلٌ]; and so بَرْحًا

↓ مُبَرِّحًا. (TA.) When used as an imprecation, the more approved way is to put the two words in the accus. case: but sometimes they are put in the nom. case; as in the saying of a poet, ↓ بَرْحٌ لَعيْنَكَ بَارِحٌ [May great difficulty, &c., befall thy two eyes!]. (TA.) You say also, لَقِيتُ مِنْهُ بَنَاتِ بَرْحٍ, (S, A,) and بَنِي بَرْحٍ, (S,) I experienced from him, or it, difficulties, distresses, afflictions, or adverse events; and calamities, misfortunes, or disasters: (S:) and, in the same sense, ↓ لقيت منه البِرَحِينَ, and ↓ البُرَحِينَ, (S, K,) and ↓ البَرَحِينَ; (K;) or, accord. to some copies of the K, ↓ البِرْحَينِ, and ↓ البُرْحَيْنِ, and ↓ البَرْحَيْنِ, as duals; but the former reading is the more correct: (TA:) [MF disapproves of the form بَرَحِينَ, and it is not mentioned in the L; but the dual form بَرْحَيْنِ is there mentioned:] it seems as though the sing. of بَرِحِينَ [or بُرَحِينَ] were بِرَحَةٌ [or بُرَحَةٌ], and that the pl. is formed by the termination ون to compensate for the rejection of the ة, as is virtually the case in أَرَضُونَ; [or because the signification is regarded as that of a personification;] and that the pl. only is used. (L.) It is said in a prov., بِنْتُ بَرْحٍ شَرَكٌ عَلَى رَأْسِكَ [Calamity is, or be, a snare upon thy head]. (TA.) بَرِحٌ: see مُبَرِّحٌ.

صَرْحَةَ بَرْحَةَ, or صَرْحَةً بَرْحَةً, &c.: see art. صرح.

بُرْحَةٌ The best of anything: (TA:) and [particularly] one of the best of she-camels: (S, K:) or, of he-camels: (T:) pl. بُرَحٌ. (T, S, K.) You say, هٰذِهِ بُرْحَةٌ مِنَ البُرَحِ, (S, K, *) or هُوَ بُرْحَةٌ مِنَ البُرَحِ, (T,) This is a she-camel, (S, K, *) or he is a camel, (T,) of the best of camels. (T, S, K.) بَرْحَي a word that is said when one misses the mark in shooting or casting; like as مَرْحَي is said when one hits the mark. (S, ISd, A, K.) بُرَحَآءُ Severity, violence, or sharpness, (As, A, TA,) or vehement molestation, (S, K,) of a fever (As, A, S, K) &c.: (S, K:) [a paroxysm; used in this sense by modern physicians:] and vehement distress of mind arising from the oppression caused by inspiration or revelation; such as is said to have affected the Prophet; [but most probably a paroxysm of that species of catalepsy which physicians term ecstasy;] occurring in a trad. (TA.) You say of one suffering from fever, when it is intense, أَصَابَتْهُ البُرَحَآءُ [The paroxysm, or severe fit, has befallen him]. (TA.) البِرَحِينَ and البُرَحِينَ &c.: see بَرْحٌ بَرَاحٌ inf. n. of بَرِحَ, q. v.; whence the phrase لَا بَرَاحَ, explained above. (S, L, K.) A2: A wide, or spacious, tract of land, (S, A, K,) kaving in it no seed-produce nor trees: (S, K:) or land having in it no building nor habitation: (Ham p. 237:) and applied as an epithet to land, signifying wide, or spacious, open, or conspicuous, and having in it no herbage nor habitation: and what is open, uncovered, and wholly apparent, of land: (TA:) or a place having no trees nor other things to cover or conceal it; as though such things had departed; (Mgh;) a place free from trees &c.: (Msb:) or an elevated and open tract of land. (Har p. 134.) b2: حَبِيلُ بَرَاحٍ is an appellation given to (tropical:) A lion: and (assumed tropical:) a courageous man: as though each of them were bound with ropes, (K, TA,) and did not quit his place. (TA.) A3: An affair, a thing, or a case, that is plain, evident, or manifest; (K, TA;) or open, or public. (TA.) You say, جَآءَنَا بِالأَمْرِ بَرَاحًا [He told us, or did to us, the thing] plainly [or openly]. (S.) and جَآءَ بِالكُفْرِ بَرَاحًا وَ بِالشَّرِّ صُرَاحًا [He uttered, or committed an act of, infidelity plainly, or openly, and evil, or mischief, unmixedly]. (A, TA.) b2: Counsel, or an opinion, that is disapproved, or deemed evil. (K.) A4: بَرَاحِ, (El-Mufaddal, S, A, &c.,) and بَرَاحُ, with damm and without tenween, (Az, El-Mufaddal,) a name of The sun: (S, A, &c.:) determinate [and the former indecl.]: the sun is so called because of the spreading of its light, and its conspicuousness; or, being applied to the sun when it sets, براح means بَارِحَةٌ; like as كَسَابِ, a name applied to a hunting-bitch, means كَاسِبَةٌ. (TA.) You say, دَلَكَتْ بَرَاحِ The sun set [or declined from the meridian]. (A, TA.) For this phrase, occurring at the end of a verse cited by Ktr, Fr reads دَلَكَتْ بِرَاحِ; راح being pl. [or rather a quasi-pl. n.] of رَاحَةٌ, meaning the “hand”

[or “palm of the hand”]: (S, TA:) accord. to which reading, the poet means The sun had set, or had declined from the meridian, while they put their hands, or the palms of their hands, over their eyes, looking to see if it had set, or had declined from the meridian: or he who says, دَلَكَتِ الشَّمْسُ بِرَاحِ means the sun had almost set: the two readings بَراح and بِراح are mentioned by A'Obeyd and Az and Hr and Z and others: Az says, دلكت بِرَاحٍ, with tenween, and بَرَاحٌ, without tenween. (TA.) [See also رَاحَةٌ, in art. روح.]

بَرُوحٌ: see بَارِحٌ.

بَرِيحٌ: see بَارِحٌ.

A2: Also The croaking of the غُرَاب [or crow, of whatever species, as raven, carrion-crow, &c.]. (L.) b2: [Hence,] اِبْنُ بَرِيحٍ: so in the K: in the S, أُمُّ بَرِيحٍ; but IB and Aboo-Zekereeyà say that only the former is right: (TA:) [in one copy of the S, however, I find both of these:] The غُرَاب [or crow, as a generic term, applying to the raven, carrion-crow, &c.]: (S, K, &c.:) so called because of its cry: a determinate appellation: for the pl., the expression used is بَنَاتُ بَرِيحٍ. (TA.) b3: See also بَرْحٌ.

A3: قَوْلٌ بَرِيحٌ A saying by which one pronounces a person to have said, or done, right. (L.) بَارِحٌ, (S, K, &c.,) as also ↓ بَرُوحٌ and ↓ بَرِيحٌ, (K,) applied to a gazelle, (S,) or what is hunted or shot, (K, TA,) of gazelles and birds and wild animals [in general], (TA,) Turning his left side towards the spectator, (S,) passing from the direction of the right hand of the latter towards the direction of his left hand: (S, K:) or turning his right side towards the spectator, passing from the direction of the latter's left hand towards that of his right: (Aboo-'Amr Esh-Sheybánee, IF, A, * L, Msb, * in art. سنح:) contr. of سَانِحٌ: (S, * TA:) pl. بَوَارِحُ. (L in art. سنح.) The Arabs [who apply the epithet in the latter sense] regard the بارح as an evil omen, and the سانح as a good omen; because one cannot shoot at the former without turning himself: (S:) but some of them hold the reverse: (Aboo-'Amr Esh-Sheybánee and L in art. سنح:) the people of Nejd hold the سانح to be a good omen; but sometimes a Nejdee adopts the opinion of the Hijázee [which is the contrary]. (IB in that art.) The first of these epithets is also applied to a bird as meaning Inauspicious; ill-omened. (A.) It is said in a prov., مَنْ لِى بِا لسَّانِحِ بَعْدَ البَارِحِ (TA) i. e. [Who will be responsible to me] for a fortunate, or lucky, event, after an unfortunate, or unlucky? (K in art. سنح:) applied in the case of a man's doing evil, and its being said, “He will at a future time do good to thee:” originally said by a man on the occasion of gazelles' passing before him in the manner of such as are termed بَارِحَة, and its being said to him, “They will present themselves to thee in the manner of such as are termed سَانحَة.” (TA.) And in another prov. it is said, إِنَّمَا هُوَ كَبَارِحِ الأَرْوَى [It, or he, is only like the mountain-goat passing in the manner of such as is termed بارح]: for it dwells on the tops of the mountains, and men scarcely ever see it passing with the right or left side towards them save once in the course of ages: (S, K:) applied in the case of an extraordinary occurrence: (K:) [or in the case of a benefit conferred by a man who very rarely confers benefits on others: (Freytag's Arab. Prov. i. 35:)] or when a man has delayed, or been tardy in, visiting [but has come at last]. (TA.) b2: Hence, فِتْلَةٌ بَارِحَةٌ i. q. شَزْرَةٌ [i. e. (tropical:) A manner of twisting contrary to that which is usual: see شَزَرَ]. (A.) b3: And هٰذِهِ فَعْلةٌ بَارِحَةٌ (tropical:) This is an action that has not happened rightly. (A.) b4: [Hence,] بِنْتُ بَارِحٌ: and [perhaps] لَقِيتُ مِنْهُ بَرْحًا بَارِحًا: and بَرْحٌ لِعَيْنَكَ بَارِحٌ: see بَرْحٌ. b5: [And hence, perhaps, because of its evil effect; or because it comes, accord. to some, from the left, i. e. northerly direction, or, accord. to others, from the right, i. e. southerly direction; or] from بَرْحٌ as signifying “a difficult, a distressing, an afflictive, or adverse, and a wonderful, thing, or event;” (Ham p. 135;) بَارِحٌ signifies also A hot wind: (S:) or a hot wind in the صَيْفٌ [i. e. summer or spring]: (K:) or a hot wind coming from the direction of El-Yemen: (Ham p. 135:) or a wind that carries up, raises, or sweeps up and scatters, the dust: (Msb:) pl. بَوارِحُ: (S, K, &c.:) or the بوارح are hot north, or northerly, winds in the صَيْف: (Az, Az, S:) this Az found to be the sense in which the term was used by the Arabs in his time: (TA:) or violent winds that carry with them the dust by reason of their violence: (TA:) or this name (the pl.) was given by the Arabs to all winds in the time of the stars of the قَيْظ [or summer]: they mostly blow in the time of the stars of Libra; [app. meaning when Libra is on, or near, the meridian at nightfall, agreeably with a statement in modern Arabic almanacs, that the periods of the beginning and end of the winds thus called are the 30th of May and the 9th of July;] and these winds are what are termed the سَمَائِم [pl. of سَمُومٌ]. (Ibn-Kunáseh, TA.) b6: البَوَارِحُ is also said by some to signify الأَنْوَآءُ [pl. of نَوْءٌ, q. v.]; as mentioned by AHn; but he repels their assertion. (TA.) البَارِحَةُ The next, or nearest, past, or preceding, night; yesternight: (S, A, Mgh, * Msb, * K:) from بَرِحَ signifying زَالَ [“he, or it, went away” &c.]. (S, A.) [In modern Arabic, Yesterday; as also البَارِح.] It has no dim. formed from it. (Sb, in S, in art. أمس; and TA.) You say, لَقِيتُهُ البَارِحَة [I met, or met with, him, or it, last night, or yesternight]: and لَقِيتُهُ البَارِحَةَ الأُولَي [I met, or met with, him, or it, the night before last; this being the sense in which the phrase is now used by the learned: but the vulgar expression is أَوَّل البَارِحَة, generally pronounced أَوَّل اَمْبَارِحَهْ or أَوَّل اَمْبَارِحْ, agreeably with a peculiarity of the dial. of the people of El-Yemen, or of Teiyi and Himyer, by the substitution of اَمْ for اَلْ: see art. ام]. (S) From daybreak to the time when the sun declines from the meridian, one says, رَأَيْتُ اللَّيْلَةَ فِى مَنَامِى [I saw to-night in my sleep (such a thing)]; but when the sun has declined, one says, رَأَيْتُ البَارِحَةَ [I saw last night, or yesternight]: (Az, Th: [and the like is said in the Mgh and Msb:]) or one says, كَانَ كَذَا وَ كَذَا اللَّيْلَةَ [Such and such things happened to-night] until the sun is somewhat high and the day has become bright; but after this, one says, كَانَ البَارِحَةَ [It happened last night, or yesternight]. (Yoo, Seer.) The Arabs say, مَا أَشْبَهَ اللَّيْلَةَ بِا لبَارِحَةِ How like is this night wherein we are to the former night that has departed! (TA:) [or, this night to yesternight!]: originally occurring in a poem of Tarafeh: used as meaning “how like is the child to the father!” and applied to [any] two things resembling each other. (Har p. 667.) أَبْرَحُ is formed [from بَرَحَ for بَرَّحَ] by the rejection of the added letter: [for a word of this kind is regularly formed only from an unaugmented triliteral-radical verb:] or it is like أَحْنَكُ, having no proper verb. (L.) You say, هٰذَا

أَبْرَحُ عَلَىَّ مِنْ ذَاكَ (A, * L, Msb *) This is more difficult, distressing, or afflicting, to me than that. (L, Msb. *) And هٰذَآ الأَمْرُ أَبْرَحُ مِنْ هٰذَا This affair, event, or case, is more difficult, or distressing, than this. (S.) And قَتَلُوهُمْ أَبْرَحَ قَتْلٍ [They slew them with a most severe slaughter]. (S.) تَبْرِيحٌ [inf. n. of 2, used as a simple subst.,] is said by some to be sing. of تَبَارِيحُ, and has been used as such by post-classical authors, but is not of established authority: accord. to others, the latter has no sing.: (MF:) the pl. signifies Difficulties, distresses, afflictions, or adversities: [see also بَرْحٌ:] or the difficulties, or obligations, incurred by troublesome, or inconvenient, means of obtaining subsistence: (TA:) and تَبَارِيحُ الشَّوْقِ the burning, or fierce burning, [or the burnings, &c.,] of the yearning, or longing, of the soul, or of longing desire. (S, K.) أنَا مُبَرَّحٌ بِى I am importuned, or pressed, with annoyance, or molestation. (A, TA.) [See the verb (2).]

مُبَرِّحٌ and ↓ بَرِحٌ, applied to an affair, an event, or a case, signify the same; (K, TA;) i. e. Severe, afflicting, distressing, or harassing: (TA:) and the former, to a beating, (S, A, Mgh, TA,) meaning the same; (TA;) or hurting (S, Mgh) severely: (S:) and to a man, meaning annoying, or molesting, by importuning, or pressing. (TA.) [See 2.] لَقِيتُ مِنْهُ بَرْحًا مُبَرِّحًا: see بَرْحٌ.

يَبْرُوحٌ, (K,) thus correctly written, with the ى before the ب; [not بيروح, as in the CK; in Chald.

יַבְרוּחַ, the word corresponding to the sing. of the Hebr.

דּוּרָאִים in Gen. xxx. 14 and 16, accord. to the paraphrase of Onkelos;] or يَبْرُوحٌ صَنَمِىٌّ [the idol-like يبروح]; (TA;) The root, or lower part, of the wild لُفَّاح [or mandrake, not to be confounded with another plant to which the name of لُفَّاح, q. v., is also applied], (K,) which is known by the names of فَاوَانِيَا and عُودُ الصَّلِيبِ [names now given to the peony], and called by MF تُفَّاحُ البَرِّ, [or the wild apple, but perhaps this is a mistranscription for لُفَّاحُ البَرِّ,] said by him to be an appellation used by the vulgar; (TA;) resembling the form of a man; (K;) and of two sorts, male and female; called by the people of Greece عَبْدُ السَّلَامِ: (TA:) it torpifies, (K,) and strengthens the two appetites [namely that of the stomach and that of the generative organ): (TA:) if ivory is cooked with it for six hours, it renders it soft; and if a part affected by [the disease termed] بَرَش is rubbed with its leaves for a week, (K,) without interruption, (TA,) it removes it without causing ulcers, or sores: (K:) the root of the wild لُفَّاح is the يَبْروح: it has the form of a human being; the male like the male, and the female like the female; and they pretend that he who pulls it up dies; wherefore, when they desire to do so, they tie a dog or some other animal to it. (Kzw, voce لُفَّاح.)

بعد

1 بَعُدَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. بُعْدٌ; (S, L, Msb, K;) and بَعِدَ, aor. ـَ inf. n. بَعَدٌ; (L, K;) and ↓ ابعد, inf. n. إِبْعَادٌ, which is also trans.; (Msb;) and ↓ تباعد; (S, Msb, K;) and ↓ استبعد; (S, K, &c.;) He, or it, was, or became, distant, remote, far off, or aloof: he went, or removed, or retired, or withdrew himself, to a distance, or far away, or far off: he alienated, or estranged, himself: he stood, or kept, aloof: contr. of قَرُبَ: (S, L:) [but بَعُدَ generally has the first of these significations; and ↓ ابعد, the others, as also ↓ تباعد and ↓ استبعد:] it is the general opinion of the leading lexicologists that بَعِدَ, as well as بَعُدَ, is thus used; but some deny this; and some assert that they may be employed alike, but that بَعُدَ is more chaste than بَعِدَ thus used. (TA.) [You say also, of a desert, and a tract of country, and the like, بَعُدَ, meaning It extended far.] and زَيْدٌ عَنِ المَنْزِلِ ↓ ابعد, meaning ↓ تباعد [i. e. Zeyd went, or removed, to a distance, or far, from the place of alighting or abode]. (IKt, Msb.) and مِنِّى ↓ تباعد, and ↓ ابتعد, and ↓ تبعّد, [He went, or removed, to a distance, or far, from me; he alienated, or estranged, himself from me; he shunned, or avoided, me;] (A;) and عَنِّى ↓ تباعد [and بَعُدَ عنّى signify the same]. (Msb in art. كشح.) And ↓ إِذَا أَرَاذَ أَحَدُكُمْ الحَاجَةِ أَبْعَدَ, (L, Msb,) a trad., (Msb,) meaning When one of you desires to accomplish that which is needful, (i. e. to ease nature,) he goes far, or to a great distance. (L.) And فِى المَذْهَبِ ↓ أَبْعَدْتُ, meaning ↓ تَبَاعَدْتُ, (Msb,) I went far, or to a great distance, to the place of ease, i. e., to ease nature. (L.) b2: [بَعُدَ referring to a saying or the like, and an event, means It was far from being probable or correct; it was improbable, extraordinary, or strange: (see بَعِيدٌ, and see also 10:) often occurring in these senses.] And فِى نَوْعِهِ ↓ ابعد It reached the utmost point, or degree, in its kind, or species. (IAth.) And ابعد فِى السَّوْمِ He exceeded the due bounds in offering a thing for sale and demanding a price for it, or in bargaining for a thing. (A.) b3: أَخَذَهُ مَا قَرُبَ وَ مَا بَعُدَ Recent and old griefs took hold upon him: a saying similar to أَخَذَهُ مَا قَدُمَ وَ مَا حَدُثَ. (Mgh in art. قدم.) b4: [بَعُدَ is often used, agreeably with a general rule, in the manner of a verb of praise or dispraise; and in this case is commonly contracted into بُعْدَ, like حُسْنَ; as in the phrase, in a verse of Imrael-Keys, بُعْدَ مَا مُتَأَمَّلى (in which ما is redundant) Distant, or far distant, was the object of my contemplation! or (as explained in the EM p. 52) how distant, &c.!] b5: بَعِدَ, aor. ـَ inf. n. بَعَدٌ; (S, L, Msb, K;) and بَعْدَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. بُعْدٌ; (L, K;) also signify He, or it, perished: (S L, Msb:) he died: (K:) it is the general opinion of the leading lexicologists that both these verbs are used as signifying “he perished,” and both occur in different readings of v. 98 of ch. xi. of the Kur: the former is said to be used in this sense by some of the Arabs; and the latter, by others; but some disallow the latter in this sense; and some say that the former is more chaste than the latter thus used: (TA:) or both signify he became far distant from his home or native country; became a stranger, or estranged, therefrom: (L, TA:) or the Arabs say, بَعِدَ الرَّجُلُ and بَعُدَ in the sense of تباعد, when not reviling; but when reviling, they say, بَعِدَ, only. (Yoo, TA.) You say, لَا تَبْعَدٌ وَ إِنْ بَعُدْتَ عَنَّى [Mayest thou not perish though thou be distant from me!] (A.) [And as an imprecation against a man, you say, بَعِدْتَ, meaning Mayest thou perish! (See the printed edition of the Ham, pp. 89 and 90, where بَعِدْتَاىَ هلكت is an evident mistake for َعِدْتَ أَى هَلَكْتَ.)] and بُعْدًا لَهُ May God alienate him, or estrange him, from good, or prosperity! or, curse him! (A, * K, TA;) i. e. may he not be pitied with respect to that which has befallen him! like سُحْقًا لَهُ: the most approved way being to put بعد thus in the accus. case as an inf. n.; where it tribe of Temeem say, لَهُ ↓ بُعْدٌ, and سُحْقٌ, like غُلَامٌ لَهُ. (TA.) A2: بَعُدَ is made trans. by means of [the preposition] ب: see 4. (Msb.) 2 بَعَّدَ see 4, in four places. b2: [You say also, بعّدهُ عَنِ السُّوْءِ He declared him, or pronounced him, to be far removed from evil.]3 باعدهُ He was, or became, [distant, remote, far off, or aloof, from him; or] in a part, quarter, or tract, different from that in which he (the other) was. (TA in art. جنب.) b2: See also 4, in seven places.4 ابعد, inf. n. إِبْعَادٌ: see 1, in seven places.

A2: ابعدهُ; (S, Msb, K;) and ↓ باعدهُ, (S, K,) inf. n. مُبَاعَدَةٌ and بِعَادٌ; (K;) and ↓ بعّدهُ, (S, K,) inf. n. تَبْعِيدٌ; (S;) and بِهِ ↓ بَعُدَ; (Msb;) He made, or caused, him, or it, to be, or become, distant, remote, far off, or aloof; or to go, remove, retire, or withdraw himself, to a distance, far away, or far off; he placed, or put, at a distance, or he put, or sent, away, or far away, or far off, or he removed far away, alienated, or estranged, him, or it. (S, Msb.) You say, نَفْسَكَ عَنْ زَيْدٍ ↓ بَاعِدْ [Remove thyself far from; or avoid thou, Zeyd]: and زَيْدًا عَنْكَ ↓ بَاعِدْ [Remove thou Zeyd far from thee]. (TA, voce إِيَّا.) And بَيْنَهُمَا ↓ بَعَّدْتُ, inf. n. تَبْعِيدٌ, [I made a wide separation between them two]; as also ↓ بَاعَدْتُ, inf. n. مُبَاعَدَةٌ. (Msb.) And اللّٰهُ ↓ بَاعَدَ مَا بَيْنَهُمَا [May God make the space between them two far extending! may He make a wide separation between them two!]; as also ↓ بَعَّدَ. (TA.) And بَيْنَ أَسْفَارِنَا ↓ رَبَّنَا بَاعِدْ, or ↓ بَعِّدْ, [O our Lord, make to be far-extending the spaces between our journeys! or, put wide distances between our journeys!] accord. to different readings [in the Kur xxxiv. 18]: the former of these is the common reading: Yaakoob El-Hadramee read ↓ رَبُّنَا بَاعَدَ الخ [Our Lord, He hath made to be far extending &c.]. (TA.) b2: أَبْعَدَهُ اللّٰهُ means May God alienate him, or estrange him, from good, or prosperity! or, curse him! (K;) i. e., may he not be pitied with respect to that which has befallen him! (TA.) [You say also, أَبْعَدَ اللّٰهُ الأَخِرَ: see أَخِرٌ.] b3: See also 10.

A3: مَا أَبْعَدَهُ مِنَ الصَّوَابِ [How far is it (namely the saying) from what is right, or correct!]. (A.) 5 تَبَعَّدَ see 1.6 تباعد: see 1, in six places. b2: [It also signifies He became alienated, or estranged, from his family or friends. b3: And تباعدوا They became distant, or remote, one from another; they went, removed, retired, or withdrew themselves, to a distance, far away, or far off, one from another; they removed themselves far, or kept aloof, one from another.] You say, كَانُوا مُتَقَارِبِينَ فَتَبَاعَدُوا [They were near, one to another, and they became distant, or remote, one from another]. (A.) 8 إِبْتَعَدَ see 1.10 استبعدهُ He reckoned it, or esteemed it, (namely, a thing, K, or a saying, A,) بَعِيد [i. e. distant, or remote; or if a saying or the like, far from being probable or correct, improbable, extraordinary, or strange]; (S, A, K;) as also ↓ ابعدهُ. (A.) A2: See also 1, first sentence, in two places.

بَعْدُ an adv. n. of time, signifying After, or afterwards: and allowable also, accord. to some of the grammarians, as an adv. n. of place, signifying after, or behind: (TA:) contr. of قَبْلُ: (S, A, K:) it is a vague adv. n., of which the meaning is not understood without its being prefixed to another noun [expressed or implied]; denoting after-time. (Msb.) When it occurs without any complement, (S, K,) a noun or the like which should be its complement being intended to be understood as to the meaning thereof but not as to the letter, (S, * TA,) it is indecl., (S, K,) because it resembles a particle, (TA,) and has damm for its termination to show that it is indecl., since it cannot have damm by any rule of desinential syntax because it cannot occur as an agent nor as an inchoative or enunciative. (S.) Sb, however, mentions [as exceptions to this rule] the phrases مِنْ بَعْدٍ [Afterwards] and أَفْعَلُ هٰذَا بَعْدًا [I will do this afterwards], as having been used by the Arabs. (K, * TA.) [The latter of these phrases is common in the present day. Another exception to the rule above-mentioned will be found in what follows.] Accord. to the primary rule, it is used as a prefixed n. governing its complement in the gen. case; (S;) [i. e., it is used in the manner of a preposition;] and when thus used, it is decl., (K,) because it does not in this case [always] resemble a particle. (TA.) You say, جَآءَ زَيْدٌ بَعْدَ عَمْرٍو Zeyd came after 'Amr. (Msb.) And رَأَيْتُهُ بَعْدَكَ and مِنْ بَعْدِكَ [I saw him after thee]. (L.) The words of the Kur [xxx. 3], اللّٰهِ الْأَمْرُ مِنْ قَبْلُ وَ مِنْ بَعْدُ, meaning To God belonged the command before that the Greeks were overcome and after that they had been overcome, [thus read when the complements of قبل and بعد are intended to be understood as to the meaning thereof but not as to the letter,] are also read مِنْ قَبْلِ وَ مِنْ بَعْدِ, when each complement is intended to be understood as to the meaning and the letter, and also مِنْ قَبْلٍ وَ مِنْ بَعْدٍ, meaning To God belongeth the command first and last, [when neither complement is intended to be understood either as to the letter or as to the meaning,] but the first of these readings is the best. (L.) [You say also, بَعْدَ ذٰلِكَ and مِنْ بَعْدِ ذٰلِكَ After that: and بَعْدَ أَنْ فَعَلْتُ and مِنْ بَعْدِ أَنْ فَعَلْتُ and بَعْدَ مَا فَعَلْتُ and مِنْ بَعْدِ مَا فَعَلْتُ After I did, or after my doing, such a thing: &c.] Also جِئْتُ بَعْدَيْكُمَا, meaning بَعْدَ كُمَا, I came after you two. (K.) And هٰذَا مِمَّا لَيْسَ بَعْدَهُ غَايَةٌ فِى الجَوْدَةِ, and فِى الرَّدَآءَة, This is of the things after, or beyond, which there is not any extreme degree in respect of goodness, and in respect of badness: and, by way of abridgement, لَيْسَ بَعْدَهُ [with nothing following this]: and hence, app., the saying of Mohammad, وَإِنْ كَانَ لَيْسَ بِالَّذِى لَا بَعْدَ لَهُ, meaning [And though] it be not in the utmost degree in respect of goodness: بعد being thus used as a decl. noun. (Mgh.) بَعْدِى and the like are also frequently used as meaning بَعْدَ عَهْدِى and the like; as in the phrase, قَدْ تَغَيَّرْتَ بَعْدى Thou hast become altered since I knew thee, or saw thee, or met thee, or was with thee. And similar to this are many phrases in the Kur; as, for instance, in ii. 48,] ثُمَّ اتَّخَذْتُمُ العِجْلَ مِنْ بَعْدِهِ Then ye took to yourselves the calf as a god, or an object of worship, after him, namely Moses, i. e., after his having gone away. (Bd.) أَمَّا بَعْدُ (S, K, &c.) is [an expression denoting transition;] an expression by which an address or a discourse is divided; (S;) used without any complement to بعد, which in this case signifies the contr. of قَبْلُ: (TA:) you say, أَمَّا بَعْدُ فَقَدْ كَانَ كَذَا, meaning [Now, after these preliminary words, (Abu-l- 'Abbás in TA voce خِطَابٌ,) I proceed to say, that such a thing has happened: or] after my prayer for thee: (K:) or after praising God: (TA:) the first who used this formula was David; (K;) or Jacob; (TA;) or Kaab Ibn-Lu-eí; (K;) or Kuss Ibn-Sá'ideh; or Yaarub Ibn-Kahtán. (TA.) b2: You also use the dim. form, saying ↓ بُعَيْدَهُ [A little after him, or it], when you mean by it to denote a time near to the preceding time. (Msb.) You say also, بَيْنٍ ↓ رَأَيْتُهُ بُعَيْدَاتِ, (S, K,) and ↓ بَعِيدَاتِهِ, (K, TA, [in the CK بُعَيْدَاتِه,]) I saw him a little after a separation: (S, K:) or, after intervals of separation: (S, L:) or, after a while. (A'Obeyd, A.) And إِنَّهَا لَتَضْحَكُ بَيْنٍ ↓ بُعَيْذَاتِ Verily she laughs after intervals. (L.) [See also art. بين.] ↓ بُعَيْدَات is used only as an adv. n. of time. (S, L.) b3: بَعْدُ also sometimes means Now; yet; as yet. (TA.) [It is used in this sense mostly in negative phrases; as, for instance, in لَمْ يَمُتْ بَعْدُ He has not died yet. The following is one of the instances of its having this meaning in affirmative phrases: سُمِّيَ الحَوْلِىُّ مِنْ أَوْلَادِ البَقَرِ تَبِيعًا لِأَنَّهُ يَنْبَعُ أُمَّهُ بَعْدُ The yearling of the offspring of cows is called تبيع because he yet follows his mother: occurring in the Mgh &c., in art. تبع.] b4: It occurs also in the sense of مَعَ; as in the words of the Kur [ii. 174 and v. 95], فَمَنِ اعْتَدَى بَعْدَ ذٰلِكَ, i. e., (as some say, MF,) مَعَ ذلك [And whoso transgresseth notwithstanding that; lit., with that]. (Msb.) b5: It has been said that it also means Before, in time; thus bearing two contr. significations: that it has this meaning in two instances; in the Kur [lxxix. 30], where it is said, وَ الْأَرْضَ بَعْدَ ذٰلِكَ دَحَاهَا [as though signifying And the earth, before that, He spread it forth]; and [xxi. 105] where it is said, وَلَقَدْ كَتَبْنَا فِى الزَّبُورِ مِنْ بَعْدِ الذِّكْرِ [as though meaning And verily we wrote in the Psalms before the Kur-án]: (MF, TA:) but Az says that this is a mistake; that God created the earth not spread forth; then created the heaven; and then spread forth the earth: (L, TA:) and الذكر in the latter of these instances means the Book of the Law revealed to Moses: (Bd:) or الزبور means the revealed Scriptures; (Bd, Jel;) and الذكر, the Preserved Tablet, (Bd,) [i. e.] the Original of the Scriptures, which is with God. (Jel.) بُعْدٌ [as an inf. n. used in the manner of a subst. signifies] Distance, or remoteness; (S, A, L, K; *) and so ↓ بَعَدٌ, (L, K,) accord. to most of the leading lexicologists, (TA, [see بَعْدَ,]) [and ↓ بُعْدَةٌ, for] you say, بَيْنَنَا بُعْدَةٌ, meaning [Between us two is a distance] of land or country, or of relationship. (S, K.) b2: [Remoteness from probability or correctness; improbability, or strangeness: see بَعُدَ. Hence the phrase, هٰذَا مِنَ البُعْدِ بِمَكَانٍ This is improbable, or extraordinary, or strange: often occurring in the TA &c.] b3: Also i. q. ↓ بُعْدٌ: (L, K:) this latter (S, L, Msb, K) and بُعْدٌ, (L, K,) accord. to most of the leading lexicologists, as, for instance, in the Kur xi. 98, (TA, [see بَعِدَ,]) signifying Perdition; (S, L, Msb;) or death. (K.) b4: Judgment and prudence; as also ↓ بُعْدَةٌ: so in the phrase, إِنَّهُ لَذُو بُعْدٍ, and بُعْدَةٍ, Verily he is possessed of judgment and prudence: (K:) or penetrating, or effective, judgment; depth, or profundity; far-reaching judgment. (TA.) [See also أَبْعَدُ.] ↓ ذُو البُعْدَةِ also signifies A man who goes to a great length, or far, in hostility. (L.) b5: A cursing; execration; malediction; as also ↓ بِعَادٌ. (K.) Yousay, بُعْدٌ لَهُ, as well as بُعْدًا لَهُ: see 1, last sentence but one. (TA.) بَعَدٌ: see بُعْدٌ, in two places: A2: and بَعِيدٌ, in five places.

بُعْدٌ: see أَبْعَدُ, in two places.

بُعْدَةٌ: see بُعْدٌ, in three places.

بُعَادٌ: see بَعِيدٌ: b2: and see also بَاعِدٌ.

بِعَادٌ: see بُعْدٌ.

بَعِيدٌ Distant; remote; far; far off; (S, L, K; *) as also ↓ بُعَادٌ, and ↓ بَاعِدٌ: (L, K:) pl. (of the first, S, L) بُعْدَانٌ (S, L, K) and (of the first also, L, TA) بُعُدٌ (L, K) and بِعَادٌ (TA) and (of the first and second, L) بُعَدَآءُ (L, K) and of the third, ↓ بَعَدٌ, [but this (which is also used as a sing. epithet, as will be shown in what follows,) is properly a quasi-pl. n.,] like as خَدَمٌ is of خَادِمٌ. (S.) As signifying Distant with respect to place, it is correctly used alike as masc. and fem. and sing. and dual and pl.; (L, and TA in this art. and in art. قرب, in which latter see the authorities;) but not necessarily; like its contr. قَرِيبٌ: (L:) you say, هِىَ بَعِيدٌ مِنْكَ [She is distant from thee; or it is] as though you said, مَكَانُهَا بَعِيدٌ: (L:) also مَا أَنْتَ مِنَّا بِبَعِيدٍ [Thou art not distant from us ], and مَا أَنْتُمْ مِنَّا بِبَعِيدٍ [Ye are not distant from us]: and in like manner, مَا أَنْتَ

↓ مِنَّا بِبَعَدٍ, and ↓ مَا أَنْتُمُ مِنَّا بِبَعَدٍ. (S, TA.) [But it receives, sometimes, the fem. form when used in this sense; for] جَلَسْتُ بَعِيدًا مِنْكَ and بَعِيدَةٌ مِنْكَ are phrases mentioned as signifying I sat distant, or remote in place, or at a distance, or aloof, from thee; مَكَانًا [and نَاحِيَةً or the like] being understood. (L.) You say also, ↓ مَنْزِلٌ بَعَدٌ A distant, or remote, place of alighting or abode. (K.) And تَنَحَّ غَيْرَ بَعِيدٍ (S, K) and ↓ غَيْرَ بَاعِدٍ and ↓ غَيْرَ بَعَدٍ (K) [Retire thou not far;] meaning be thou near: (S, K:) [or] the second and third of these phrases mean retire thou not in an abject, or a mean, or contemptible, or despicable, state. (S, A.) And ↓ اِنْطَلِقْ يَا فُلَانُ غَيْرَ بَاعِدٍ

[Depart thou, O such a one, not far;] meaning mayest thou not go away! (L.) [And رَأَيْتُهُ مِنْ بَعِيدٍ I saw him, or it, from afar: and جَآءَ مِنْ بَعِيدٍ He came from afar: and the like. and بَعِيدٌ as applied to a desert and the like, meaning Far extending.] And ↓ بُعْدٌ بَاعِدٌ A far distance. (K.) [And نِيَّةٌ بَعِيدَةٌ A distant, far-reaching, or far-aiming, intention, purpose, or design.] and فُلَانٌ بَعِيدُ الهِمَّةِ [Such a one is far-aiming, or faraspiring, in purpose, desire, or ambition]. (A.) And هِىَ بَعِيدَةُ العَهْدِ [She was known, or seen, or met, a long time ago]: in this case, the fem. form, with ة, must be used. (L.) And قَوْلٌ بَعِيدٌ [A saying far from being probable or correct; improbable; far-fetched; extraordinary, or strange]. (A.) And أَمْرٌ بَعِيدٌ An extraordinary thing or affair or case, of which the like does not happen or occur. (L.) b2: Also Distant with respect to kindred or relationship: in which sense, the word receives the fem. form, [as well as the dual form, and pl. forms, like its contr. قَرِيبٌ,] by universal consent. (TA.) [Its pl.] بُعَدَآءُ signifies Strangers, that are not relations. (IAth.) You say also, فُلَانٌ مِنْ بُعْدَانِ الأَمِيرِ [meaning Such a one is of the distant dependents, or subjects, of the governor, or prince]. (S.) And إِذَا لَمْ تَكُنْ مِنْ قُرْبَانِ الأَمِيرِ فَكُنْ مِنْ بُعْدَانِهِ [If thou be not of the particular companions, or familiars, of the governor, or prince, then be of his distant dependents, or subjects]; i. e., be distant from him, that his evil may not affect thee. (Az, A.) b3: رَأَيْتُهُ بَعِيدَاتِ بَيْنٍ: see بَعْدٌ in the latter half of the paragraph. b4: See also بَاعِدٌ.

بُعَيْد and بُعَيْدَات: see بَعْدُ in four places.

بَاعِدُ: see بَعِيدٌ in four places. b2: Also Perishing: (S, L: [in the K it is implied that it signifies dying; and so ↓ بَعِيدٌ and ↓ بُعَادٌ:]) or far distant from his home, or native country; in a state of estrangement therefrom. (L.) أَبْعَدُ More, and most, distant or remote; further, and furthest: by poetic licence written أَبْعَدُّ: (L:) [pl. أَبَاعِدُ; as in the saying,] فُلَانٌ يَسْتَجِرُّ الحَدِيثَ مِنْ أَبَاعِدِ أَطْرَافِهِ [Such a one draws forth talk, or discourse, or news, or the like, from its most remote sources]. (A.) b2: More, and most, extreme, excessive, egregious, or extraordinary, in its kind. (IAth.) [Hence, perhaps,] إِنَّهُ لَغَيْرُ

أَبْعَدَ [in the CK أَبْعَدٍ] and ↓ بُعَدٍ Verily there is no good in him: (K:) or, no depth in him in anything: (IAar:) [or, he is not extraordinary in his kind: see also بُعْدٌ:] said in dispraising one. (TA.) And مَا عِنْدَهُ أَبْعَدُ and ↓ بُعَدٌ [He has not what is extraordinary in its kind: or] he possesses not excellence, or power, or riches: or he possesses not anything profitable: (L, K:) said only in dispraising one: (Az:) or it may mean he possesses not anything which one would go far to seek; or, anything of value: or what he possesses, of things or qualities that are desirable, is more extraordinary than what others possess. (MF.) b3: Remote from good: [which is the meaning generally intended in the present day when it is used absolutely as an epithet applied to a man; but meaning also remote from him or those in whose presence this epithet is used, both as to place and as to moral condition:] and, from continence: (L:) and stupid; foolish; or having little, or no, intellect or understanding; syn. حَائِنٌ: (so in a copy of the S and in the L and TA:) or treacherous, or unfaithful; syn. خَائِنٌ (So in two copies of the S and in a copy of the A.) It is used as an allusion to the name of a person whom one would mention with dispraise; as when one says, هَلَكَ الأَبْعَدُ [May such a one, the remote from good, &c., perish!]: with respect to a woman, one says, هَلَكَتِ البُعْدَى. (En-Nadr, Az.) One says also, كَبَّ اللّٰهُ الأَبْعَدَ لِفِيهِ, meaning [May God cast down prostrate such a one, the remote from good, &c., upon his mouth! or,] cast him down upon his face! (S.) [It is a rule observed in decent society, by the Arabs, to avoid, as much as possible, the mention of opprobrious epithets, lest any person present should imagine an epithet of this kind to be slily applied to himself: therefore, when any malediction or vituperation is uttered, it is usual to allude to the object by the term الأَبْعَد, or البَعِيد, as meaning the remote from good, &c., and also the remote from the person or persons present. See also الأَخِرُ, which is used in a similar manner.] b4: A more distant, or most distant, or very distant, relation; (Lth;) contr. of أَقْرَبُ: (Msb:) pl. أَبَاعِدُ (Lth, S, A, Msb, K) and أَبْعَدُونَ; (Lth;) contr. of أَقَارِبُ (Lth, S, K) and أَقْرَبُونَ. (Lth.) مِبْعَدٌ A man who makes far journeys. (K.)

بتر

1 بَتَرَ, (T, S, M, &c.,) aor. ـُ (M, Mgh, Msb,) inf. n. بَتْرٌ; (T, S, M, &c.;) and ↓ ابتر; (T;) He cut, or cut off, a thing before it was complete: (S, A, L, Msb:) or he cut, or cut off, (M, Mgh, K,) in any manner: (M:) or he cut off (a tail or the like, T) entirely, or utterly. (Aboo-Is-hák, T, M, K.) b2: بَتَرَهُ, (K,) aor. and inf. n. as above; (TA;) or ↓ ابترهُ; (M, L;) He cut off his tail: (K:) or he cut, or amputated, his tail in any place. (M, L.) b3: بَتَرَ رَحِمَهُ, (M,) aor. as above, (M, K,) and so the inf. n., (M,) (assumed tropical:) He cut, or severed, the ties, or bonds, of his relationship; he disunited himself from his relations. (M, K. *) A2: بَتِرَ, aor. ـَ (S, Msb, K,) inf. n. بَتَرٌ, (S, Msb,) He (any beast, M) had his tail cut off: (S, Msb, K:) or [had either the whole or a part of his tail cut off;] had his tail cut, or amputated, in any place. (M.) 4 أَبْتَرَ see 1, in two places. b2: [Hence,] ابترهُ said of God, He made him to be. or become, أَبْتَر, (S, K,) i. e., without offspring, or progeny. (TA.) 5 تَبَتَّرَ see 7.7 انبتر It (a tail or the like, T) became cut, or cut off, (T, S, M, K, TA,) in any place, (M,) or entirely; (T, M;) and ↓ تبتّر signifies the same. (TA.) بُتَارٌ: see بَاتِرٌ بَتُورٌ: see بَاتِرٌ بُتَيْرَآءُ: see أَبْتَرُ.

بتّارٌ CCC: see بَاتِرٌ بَاتِرٌ A cutting, or sharp, sword; (T, S, M, K;) as also ↓ بَتَّارٌ (T, M, K) and ↓ بَتُورٌ (M) and ↓ بَتَارٌ. (K.) [But all of these except the first are app. intensive epithets, signifying very sharp.] b2: See also أُبَاتِرٌ.

أَبْتَرُ A tail cut off entirely. (T, L.) b2: Any beast (M) having the tail cut off: (T, S, A, Msb, K:) or [having either the whole or a part of the tail cut off;] having the tail cut, or amputated, in any place: (M:) fem. بَتْرَآءُ; with which ↓ مَبْتُورَةٌ is syn.: (Mgh, Msb:) pl. بُتْرٌ. (A, Msb.) b3: (assumed tropical:) A certain malignant, or noxious, serpent: (K:) or a short-tailed serpent: (Mgh; and EdDurr en-Netheer, an abridgment of the Nh of IAth, by El-Jelál:) or a certain species of blue serpent, having its tail [as it were] cut off, which none in a state of pregnancy sees without casting her burden: (ISh:) or the kind of serpent called شَيْطَان, having a short tail: no one sees it without fleeing from it, and no one in a state of pregnancy beholds it without casting her young: it is thus called only because of the shortness of its tail, as thought its tail were cut off. (M.) b4: (assumed tropical:) A leathern water-bag, and a bucket, having no loop. (M, K.) b5: (assumed tropical:) Defective, deficient, incomplete, or imperfect. (Mgh.) b6: (assumed tropical:) In want, or poor. (M, K.) b7: (assumed tropical:) Suffering loss; syn. خَاسِرٌ. (M, K.) b8: (assumed tropical:) One from whom all good, or prosperity, is cut off. (M.) b9: (assumed tropical:) Having no offspring, or progeny; (Aboo-Is-hák, T, S, M, IAth, K;) as also ↓ أُبَاتِرٌ (M, K) and ↓ مُنْبَتِرٌ. (IAth.) [The dim., ↓ أُبَيْتِرُ, occurs in a trad., in this sense, or in some other sense implying contempt.] b10: (assumed tropical:) Anything cut off, (K,) or anything of which the effect is cut off, (S,) from good, or prosperity. (S, K.) [See an ex. in a trad. cited voce بَالٌ.] b11: خُطْبَةٌ بَتْرَآءُ (assumed tropical:) A خطبة [q. v.] in which the speaker does not praise God nor bless the Prophet: (S, A, K:) particularly applied to a certain خطبة of Ziyád. (S, A.) b12: رَكْعَةٌ بَتْرَآءُ, (TA,) and [its dim.] ↓ بُتَيْرَآءُ, (S, TA,) (assumed tropical:) A single ركعة [q. v.] performed instead of the complete performance of the prayer called الوِتْر: or a ركعة cut short, or cut off, after the completion of one ركعة, when both were to have been performed. (TA.) b13: الأَبْتَرَانِ (assumed tropical:) The ass (العَيْرُ) and the slave: (ISK, S, A, K:) so called because of the little good that is in them: (ISk, S:) each is called الأَبْتَرُ. (K.) أُبَاتِرٌ (assumed tropical:) Short; (M, K;) as though cut off from completion. (M.) b2: See also أَبْتَرُ. b3: Also (assumed tropical:) A man who cuts, or severs, the ties, or bonds, of his relationship; who disunites himself from his relations; (S, M, K;) as also ↓ بَاتِرٌ; (A:) or quick to cut, or sever, the ties, or bonds, between him and his friend. (IAar.) أُبَيْتِرُ: see أَبْتَرُ.

مَبْتُورَةٌ: see أَبْتَرُ.

مُنْبَتِرٌ: see أَبْتَرُ.

بخر

1 بَخَرَتِ القِدْرُ, (Msb, K,) aor. ـُ (Msb,) or ـَ (K,) inf. n. بَخْرٌ (Msb, K) and بُخَارٌ, (TA,) The cooking-pot sent up fume, vapour, steam, or an exhalation. (Msb, K. *) A2: بَخِرَ, (S, K,) aor. ـَ (K,) inf. n. بَخَرٌ, (TA,) He had a stinking mouth [or breath; he exhaled a stinking, or fetid, odour from his mouth]. (S, L, K.) You say, بَخِرَتٌ عَلَيْنَا She exhaled a stinking, or fetid, odour upon us from her mouth. (A. [But in my copy of that work, and in the TA, it is erroneously written بَخَرَتْ.]) And بَخِرَ الفَمُ, aor. and inf. n. as above, The mouth stank; exhaled a stinking, or fetid, odour. (Msb.) [See بَخَرٌ, below.]2 بخّرت She perfumed [or rather fumigated her own or another's person or clothes &c. with بَخُور]. (A.) 4 ابخرهُ It (a thing) caused him to have a stinking mouth [or breath]. (K, * TA.) 5 تبخّر (S, K, &c.) He fumigated himself with perfume or the like; (TA;) with بَخُور. (S, A, K.) One says, فُلَانٌ يَتَبَخَّرُ وَ يَبَخْتَرُ [Such a one fumigates himself with perfume, and walks with an elegant and a proud and self-conceited gait, with an affected inclining of his body from side to side]. (A.) بَخَرٌ Stench, or fetor, of the mouth [or breath] (S, A, K) &c.: (AHn, K:) and any odour that rises and diffuses itself, (K, TA,) whether stinking or not; as also ↓ بُخَارٌ. (TA.) بُخَارٌ [Fume, vapour, steam, or exhalation;] what rises from water, like smoke; (S;) any fume (K, TA) that rises and diffuses itself (TA) from what is hot, (K, TA,) or from hot water; (TA;) anything that rises and diffuses itself from hot water or from damp earth: pl. أَبْخِرَةٌ and بُخَارَاتٌ. (Msb.) b2: Also The stench of a noiseless emission of wind from the anus. (TA.) b3: See also بَخَرٌ.

بَخُورٌ Incense, or a substance for fumigation; syn. دُخْنَةٌ; (Msb;) that with which one fumigates himself: (S, A, Msb, K:) aloes-wood used for that purpose. (TA in art. قتر.) b2: بَخُورُ مَرْيَمَ [Arthanita, or sow-bread; the common cyclamen; also called الوَلْفُ; the latter name, accord. to Golius, on the authority of Zeyn El-'Attár, given to it by the Syrians;] a certain plant, (K,) originally called عَرْطَنِيثَا; hot; dry; (TA;) having the property of clearing the complexion, or skin; aperient; diuretic; (K;) laxative; (TA;) and very useful: (K:) it is a laxative when used in the form of a suppository, or applied as a liniment below the navel. (TA.) أَبْخَرُ Having a stinking mouth [or breath]: (S, Msb, K:) fem. بَخْرَآءُ: and pl. بُخْرٌ. (Msb.) مَبْخَرَةٌ A thing that occasions one's knowing, or inferring, or suspecting, stench, or fetor, of the mouth [or breath; a cause of stench, or fetor, of the mouth or breath]: such is said to be the sleeping between daybreak and sunrise, or in the first part of the day. (TA.) مِبْخَرَةٌ A vessel for fumigation; a censer; syn. مِجْمَرَةٌ [q. v.: pl. مَبَاخِرُ]. (Msb in art. جمر.) مُبَخَّرٌ A garment perfumed [or rather fumigated with perfume]. (A.) مَبْخُورٌ [Affected by the fumes of wine &c.; or] affected with pain and headache occasioned by wine, or with the remains of intoxication. (IAar, K.)

بشر

1 بَشَرَ, aor. ـُ (S, Msb,) inf. n. بَشْرٌ; (S, Msb, K;) and ↓ ابشر, (A,) inf. n. إِبْشَارٌ; (K;) He pared (S, A, Msb, K) a hide, (S, A, Msb,) removing its بَشَرَة, (S,) or face, or surface, (A, Msb,) or the skin upon which the hair grew: (TA:) or, as some say, removing its inner part with a large knife: or, accord. to Ibn-Buzurj, some of the Arabs say, بَشَرْتُ الأَدِيمَ, aor. ـِ meaning I removed from the hide its بَشَرَة; and ↓ أَبْشَرْتُهُ as meaning I exposed to view its بَشَرَة that was next to the flesh; and آدَمْتُهُ I exposed to view its أَدَمَة upon which the hair grew. (TA.) [But see أَدَمَةٌ.] b2: Hence the saying in a trad., مَنْ أَحَبَّ القُرْآنَ قَلْيَبْشُرْ, accord. to him who recites it thus, with damm to the ش; meaning (assumed tropical:) Whoso loveth the Kur-án, let him make himself light of flesh, [by not eating more than will be sufficient, and so prepare himself] for [reading, or reciting,] it, [like as one prepares a horse for running,] because eating much causes one to forget it. (TA.) b3: Hence also, بَشَرَ الأَرْضَ, (TA,) inf. n. as above, (S, K,) (assumed tropical:) It (a swarm of locusts) stripped the ground; (TA;) ate what was upon the ground, (S, K,) i. e., upon its surface; as though the exterior of the ground were its بَشَرَة. (TA.) b4: And بَشَرَ, aor. ـُ (TA,) inf. n. as above, (K,) He clipped his mustache much, so that the بَشَرَة (i. e. the exterior of the skin, TA) became apparent. (K, TA.) This the Muslim is commanded to do. (TA.) b5: بَشَرَنِى فُلَانٌ بِوَجْهٍ حَسَنٍ Such a one met me with a cheerful countenance. (S.) See also 2, in two places. b6: And see 3.

A2: بَشِرَ, aor. ـَ (IAar, S, Msb, K;) and بَشَرَ, aor. ـِ (IAar, K,) inf. n. بَشْرٌ and بُشُورٌ; (TA;) and ↓ ابشر, [which is the most common, though extr. in respect of analogy, as being quasi-pass. of بَشَرَ, like احجم and احنج and اعرض and اقشع and اكبّ and انهج, (mentioned by MF in art. حنج as the only other instances of the kind,) and اخلج, (added in the TA in art. خلج,)] (S, A, Mgh, K,) inf. n. إِبْشَارٌ; (S;) and ↓ استبشر; (S, A, Msb, K;) and ↓ تبشّر; (A;) [originally, He became changed in his بَشَرَة (or complexion) by the annunciation of an event: see بَشَّرَهُ: and hence,] he rejoiced, or became rejoiced; (IAar, S, A, Msb, K;) بِكَذَا [at, or by, such a thing; or at, or by, the annunciation of such a thing]. (IAar, S, K. *) You say, أَتَانِى أَمْرٌ بَشِرْتُ بِهِ An affair happened to me whereat I rejoiced, or whereby I became rejoiced. (S.) And بِمَوْلُودٍ ↓ أَبْشَرَ He rejoiced [at the annunciation of a new-born child]. (S.) And بِخَيْرٍ ↓ أَبْشِرْ Rejoice thou [at the annunciation of a good event]. (S, K.) And in the same sense ↓ أَبْشِرُوا is used in the Kur xli. 30. (S.) 2 بشّرهُ (S, A, Msb, &c.,) the form used by the Arabs in general, (Msb,) inf. n. تَبْشِيرٌ; (S, Msb, K, &c.;) and ↓ بَشَرَهُ, aor. ـُ (S, Mgh, Msb,) of the dial. of Tihámeh and the adjacent parts, (Msb,) inf. n. بَشْرٌ and بُشُورٌ (S, K) and بُشْرٌ, (TA,) or this last is a simple subst.; (Msb;) and ↓ ابشرهُ; (S, A, Mgh, K;) and ↓ استبشرهُ; (K, TA;) are syn.; (S, K, &c.;) originally signifying He announced to him an event which produced a change in his بَشَرَة [or complexion]: and hence, (El-Fakhr Er-Rázee,) he announced to him an event which rejoiced him: (A, El-Fakhr Er-Rázee:) so in common acceptation [when not restricted by an adjunct that denotes its having a different meaning: see بُشْرَى and an ex. below in this paragraph]: (El-Fakhr Er-Rázee:) or he rejoiced him [by an annunciation]: (Msb:) and he announced to him an event which grieved him: [or he grieved him by an annunciation:] both these significations are proper. (El-Fakhr Er-Rázee.) You say, بشّرهُ بِالأَمْرِ [generally meaning He rejoiced him by the annunciation of the event]; and بِهِ ↓ بَشَرَهُ, aor. and inf. ns. as above; &c. (TA.) And بَشَّرْتُهُ بِمَوْلُودٍ [I rejoiced him by the annunciation of a new-born child]. (S.) And it is said in the Kur [iii. 20, &c.], بَشِّرْهُمْ بِعَذَابٍ أَلِيمٍ

[Grieve thou them by the annunciation, or denunciation, of a painful punishment]. (S.) You say also, of a she-camel, بَشَّرَتْ بِاللَّقَاحِ, meaning (assumed tropical:) She made it known that she had begun to be pregnant. (TA. [See also 4.]) 3 باشر المَرْأَةَ, (K, &c.,) inf. n. مُبَاشَرَةٌ (S, Mgh, TA) and بِشَارٌ, (TA,) He was, or became, in contact with the woman, skin to skin: (TA:) he enjoyed [contact with] her skin: (Msb:) he became in contact with her, skin to skin, both being within one garment or piece of cloth: (K:) he lay with her, [skin to skin; or in the sense of] inivit eam: (S, K:) i. q. وَطِئَهَا, both فِى الفَرْجِ and خَارِجًا مِنْهُ: (TA:) [and so ↓ بَشَرَهَا inf. n. بَشْرٌ; for] بَشْرٌ and مُبَاشَرَةٌ are syn. [in the sense of congressus venereus, as is shown by an ex. in the S.]. (S, K.) b2: باشرهُ النَّعِيمُ (tropical:) [Enjoyment attended him; as though it clave to his skin]. (A.) b3: فَبَاشَرُوا رَوْحَ اليَقِينِ, or رُوحَ اليقين, is a metaphorical expression, [app. meaning (tropical:) And they felt the joy and happiness that arise from certainty,] occurring in a trad. of 'Alee. (TA.) b4: باشر الأَمْرَ, (S, A, &c.,) inf. n. مُبَاشَرَةٌ, (S,) (tropical:) He superintended, managed, or conducted, the affair himself, or in his own person: (S, K, TA:) or (tropical:) he was present, himself, at the affair: (A, TA:) or, [properly,] he managed, or conducted, the affair with his بَشَرَة, i. e., his own hand: (Mgh, * Msb:) and hence a later application of the verb in the sense of لَاحَظَ (assumed tropical:) [He regarded, or attended to, the thing, or affair, &c.]. (Msb.) 4 ابشر: see 1, first sentence, in two places. b2: [Hence,] ابشر الأَمْرُ وَجْهَهُ The affair made his countenance beautiful and bright: in the K we read, أَبْشَرَ الأَمْرَ حَسَّنَهُ وَ نَضَّرَهُ; but this is a mistake. (TA.) Agreeably with this explanation, AA renders a reading in the Kur [xlii. 22], ذٰلِكَ الَّذِى يُبْشِرُ اللّٰهُ عِبَادَهُ, meaning That is it with which God will make beautiful and bright the face of his servants: so in the L. (TA.) b3: See also 2. b4: [Hence,] أَبْشَرَتِ النَّاقَةُ (assumed tropical:) The she-camel conceived, or became pregnant: (K:) as though she rejoiced [her owner] by announcing her conception. (TA. [See 2, last sentence.]) b5: And أَبْشَرَتِ الأَرْضُ (tropical:) The earth put forth its herbage appea He demanded ring upon its surface. (S, K.) A2: See also 1, latter part, in four places.5 تَبَشَّرَ see, latter part.6 تباشر القَوْمُ The people, or company of men, announced, one to another, a joyful event, or joyful events. (S.) And هُمْ يَتَبَاشَرُونَ بِذٰلِكَ الأَمْرِ They rejoice one another by the annunciation of that event. (TA.) 10 استبشر: see 1, latter part.

A2: استبشرهُ He demanded of him a reward for an annunciation of joyful tidings. (M.) b2: See also 2.

بُشْرٌ: see بُشْرَى. b2: It is also a contraction of بُشُرٌ, which is pl. of بَشُورٌ (TA) or بَشِيرٌ. (TA in art. نشر.) بِشْرٌ Cheerfulness, or openness and pleasantness, of countenance: (Mgh, Msb, K, * TA:) and happiness, joy, or gladness. (Har p. 192.) You say, هُوَ حَسَنُ البِشْرِ He is cheerful, or open and pleasant, in countenance. (S.) بَشَرٌ: see بَشَرَةٌ b2: [Hence,] البَشَرُ (assumed tropical:) Mankind: (S, Msb, K:) and the human being: (Msb, K:) applied to the male and to the female; and used alike as sing. and pl. (Msb, K, TA) and dual: (TA:) so that you say, هُوَ بَشَرٌ He is a human being, and هِىَ بَشَرٌ She is a human being, and هُمْ بَشَرٌ They (more than two) are human beings, and هُمَا بَشَرٌ They two are human beings: (TA:) but sometimes it has the dual form; (Msb, K;) as in the Kur xxiii. 49; (Msb, TA;) though the Arabs may have used the dual form in the sense of the sing.: (MF:) and sometimes it has a pl., namely, أَبْشَارٌ. (K.) This is a secondary application of the word: (Msb:) i. e., this signification is tropical; or, as some say, the word is so much used in this sense as to be, so used, conventionally regarded as proper; the sense not depending upon its having another word connected with it: but in the S and K, and by the generality of authors, this signification is given as proper. (MF.) Some say that a human being is thus called because his بَشَرَة is bare of hair and of wool. (MF.) [Hence,] أَبُو البَشَرِ [The father of mankind; meaning] Adam. (K.) بَشَرَةٌ (Lth, S, M, A, Mgh, Msb) and ↓ بَشَرٌ, (S, K,) or the latter is pl. of the former, (Msb, K,) [or rather a coll. gen. n., of which the former is the n. un.,] like قَصَبَهُ and قَصَبٌ, (Msb,) and أَبْشَارٌ is pl. of بَشَرٌ, (K,) [The external skin; the cuticle, or scarf-skin; the epidermis;] the exterior of the skin (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K) of a human being; (S, A, K;) and, as some say, of other creatures, (K,) such as the serpent; but this is generally disallowed: (TA:) or بَشَرَةٌ signifies the exterior of the skin of the head, in which grows the hair; as also أَدَمَةٌ and شَوَاةٌ: (Aboo-Safwán:) or the upper skin (Lth, M) of the head (M) and of the face and body of a human being; (Lth, M;) that upon which the hair grows: (M:) or, as some say, that which is next the flesh. (M.) It is said in a prov., إِنَّمَا يُعَاتَبُ الأَدِيمُ ذُو البَشَرَةِ: see أَدِيمٌ. b2: بَشَرَةٌ sometimes means The complexion, or hue: and fineness, or delicacy. (TA.) A2: بَشَرَةُ الأَرْضُ (tropical:) The herbage appearing upon the surface of the earth. (S, A, K.) You say, مَا أَحْسَنَ بَشَرَتَهَا (tropical:) How goodly is its herbage appearing upon its surface! (S, A.) And بَشَرَةٌ [alone] signifies (tropical:) Leguminous plants; herbs, or herbage. (TA.) b2: بَشَرَةٌ is used also as signifying (assumed tropical:) A man's hand. (Msb.) [See 3, last sentence.]

بُشْرَى (imperfectly decl., because it terminates with a fem. alif which is inseparable from it, S) and ↓ بِشَارَةٌ and ↓ بُشَارَةٌ [but respecting this last see بِشَارَةٌ below] (S, Msb, K) and ↓ بُشْرٌ (Msb) are substs. from بَشَّرَهُ (S, Msb, K) [originally signifying An annunciation which produces a change in the بَشَرَة (or complexion) of the person to whom it is made: and hence, a joyful annunciation; joyful, or glad, tidings; good news]: and ↓ تَبَاشِيرُ [q. v. infrà] signifies the same as بُشْرَى: (S, K:) ↓ بِشَارَةٌ, when used absolutely, relates only to good; (S, Msb;) not to evil unless when expressly restricted thereto by an adjunct: [see 2:] (S:) its pl. is بِشَارَاتٌ and بَشَائِرُ. (A.) يَا بُشْرَاىَ, in the Kur [xii. 19, accord. to one reading, (otherwise, as Bd mentions, بُشْرَاىْ, or بُشْرَىَّ, which is a dial. var. of the same, or بُشْرَى, which, as some say, was the name of a man,) meaning O my joyful annunciation, or joyful tidings, or good news!], is like عَصَاى: and in the dual you say, يَا بُشْرَيَىَّ. (S.) You say also, ↓ تَتَابَعَتِ البِشَارَاتُ and البَشَائِرُ [The joyful annunciations followed consecutively]. (A.) See another ex. voce بَشِيرٌ. b2: See also بِشَارَةٌ.

بَشَرِىٌّ Human; of, or belonging to, or relating to, mankind or a human being.]

بُشَارٌ (assumed tropical:) The refuse, or lowest or basest or meanest sort, of mankind, or of people. (IAar, K.) بَشُورٌ: see what next follows, in three places.

بَشِيرٌ i. q. ↓ مُبَشِّرٌ, (S, Mgh, K,) [and so ↓ بَشُورٌ, as will be seen by an ex. in what follows,] One who announces to a people [or person] an event, either good or evil; (TA;) but meaning the former oftener than the latter: (Msb:) [an announcer of a joyful event, or joyful events: one who rejoices another, or others, by an annunciation:] pl. بُشَرَآءُ (A) and بُشُرٌ, (TA in art. نشر,) or this is pl. of ↓ بَشُورٌ. (TA in the present art.) It is said in the Kur [vii. 55], وَ هُوَ الَّذِى يُرْسِلُ الرِّيَاحَ بُشُرًا, and بُشْرًا, and ↓ بُشْرَى, and بَشْرًا; [accord. to different readings, meaning (assumed tropical:) And He it is who sendeth the winds announcing coming rain;] in which بُشُرٌ is pl. of ↓ بَشُورٌ, [syn. with بَشِيرٌ and مُبَشِّرٌ, but both masc. and fem.,] (TA,) or of بَشِيرٌ, (Bd,) or of بَشِيرَةٌ; (TA in art. نشر;) and بُشْرًا is a contraction of the same; and بُشْرَى is syn. with بِشَارَةٌ; and بَشْرًا is the inf. n. of بَشَرَهُ in the sense of بَشَّرَهُ (TA. [But the reading commonly followed in this passage is نُشُرًا, with ن: another reading is نُشْرًا: another, نَشْرًا: and another, نَشَرًا.]) And ↓ المُبَشِّرَاتُ, (A,) or مُبَشِّرَاتُ الرِّيَاحِ, (S,) signifies (tropical:) Winds that announce [coming] rain: (S, A:) so in the Kur xxx. 45. (TA.) A2: Also Goodly; beautiful; elegant in form or features; (S, K;) applied to a man, and to a face: (TA:) fem. with ة; (S, K;) applied to a woman, and to a she-camel; (S;) and meaning, when applied to a she-camel, neither emaciated nor fat: or, accord. to Aboo-Hilál, neither of generous nor of ignoble breed: or, as some say, half-fattened: (TA:) pl. of the fem. بَشَائِرُ: (S:) and ↓ مَبْشُورَةٌ signifies beautiful in make and colour; (IAar, K;) applied to a girl. (IAar.) بَشَارَةٌ Goodliness; beauty; elegance of form or features. (S, K, TA.) بُشَارَةٌ What is pared off from the face of a hide: what is pared off from its back is called تِحْلِئٌ. (Lh.) A2: See also بِشَارَةٌ: b2: and see بُشْرَى.

بِشَارَةٌ; pl. بِشَارَاتٌ and بَشَائِرُ: see بُشْرَى, in three places; and see also تَبَاشِيرُ. b2: Also A gift to him who announces a joyful event; and so ↓ بُشَارَةٌ: (K, * TA:) or the latter, which is like the عُمَالَة of the عَامِل, has this signification; (IAth;) and so ↓ بُشْرَى; (M;) and بِشَارَةٌ [has the same meaning accord. to common usage, but, properly,] is a subst. in the sense explained above, voce بُشْرَى. (IAth.) You say, أَعْطَيْتُهُ ثَوْبِى بِشَارَةً I gave him my garment as a reward for the joyful annunciation. (TA from a trad.) هُوَ أَبْشَرُ مِنْهُ He is more goodly or beautiful, more elegant in form or features, and more fat, than he. (K.) تُبُشِّرٌ, in the hand writing of J تُبَشِّرٌ, [and so in my copies of the S,] a word of which there is not the like except in the instances of تُنُوِّطٌ [or تُنَوِّطٌ], a certain bird, and وَادِى تُهُلِّكَ [or تُهَلِّكَ?] and وَادِى

تُضُلِّلَ [or تُضَلِّلَ] and وَادِى تُخُيِّبَ [or تُخَيِّبَ], (TA,) A certain bird, called the صُفَارِيَّة: (S, K:) n. un. with ة. (K.) تَبَاشِيرُ, as though it were pl. of تَبْشِيرٌ, inf. n. of بَشَّرَ; (A;) a word which has not its like except in the instances of تَعَاشِيبُ and تَعَاجِيبُ and تَفَاطِيرُ [and تَبَاكِيرُ and تَبَارِيحُ, and probably a few others]; (TA;) (tropical:) [Annunciations; foretokens; foretellers; foreshowers; prognostics; earnests; of what is good:] the beginnings of anything: (S, K:) the first of blossoms &c.: (TA:) the beginnings, (S, K,) or first annunciations, (A,) of daybreak; (S, A, K;) as also ↓ بَشَائِرُ: (TA:) it has no verb: (S:) and [is said to have] no sing.: but in a trad. of El-Hajjáj, تَبْشِيرٌ occurs as meaning (assumed tropical:) the commencement of rain. (TA.) One says, فِيهِ مَخَايِلُ الرُّشْدِ وَ تَبَاشِيرُهُ (tropical:) [In him are indications of right conduct, or belief, and its earnests]. (A.) See also بُشْرَى. b2: (assumed tropical:) Streaks of the light of daybreak in the night. (TA.) b3: (assumed tropical:) Streaks that are seen upon the surface of the ground, caused by the winds. (Lth, K. *) b4: (assumed tropical:) The colours of palm-trees when their fruit begins to ripen; (K;) as also تَبَاكِيرُ. (TA.) b5: (assumed tropical:) Such as bear fruit early, or before others, of palm-trees. (K.) b6: (assumed tropical:) Marks of galls upon the side of a beast. (K.) رَجُلٌ مُؤْدَمٌ مُبْشَرٌ (tropical:) A perfect man; as though he combined the softness of the أَدَمَة [or inner skin] with the roughness of the بَشَرَة [or outer skin]: (S:) or a man who combines softness, or gentleness, and strength, with knowledge of affairs: (As:) and اِمْرَأَةٌ مُؤْدَمَةٌ مُبْشَرَةٌ (tropical:) a woman perfect in every respect. (TA.) [See also art. ادم.]

مُبَشِّرٌ and مُبَشِّرَاتٌ: see بَشِيرٌ.

مَبْشُورَةٌ: see بَشِيرٌ, last sentence.

حِجْرٌمُبَاشِرٌ [so in two copies of the S: in Golius's Lex. مُبَاشِرَةٌ:] A mare [so I render حجر, which Golius renders ‘ vulva, '] desiring the stallion. (S.) [See also مُبَاسِرَةٌ, with س.]

بكر

1 بَكَرَ and غَدَا both [properly] relate to the beginning of the day: (Az, Msb:) the former of these verbs, (T, S, A,) aor. ـُ inf. n. بُكُورٌ; (T, S;) and ↓ بكّر, (T, S, A,) inf. n. تَبْكِيرٌ; (T, S;) and ↓ ابكر, and ↓ ابتكر, (S, A,) and ↓ باكر; (S;) all signify the same; (S;) He (a traveller, A) went forth early in the morning, in the first part of the day; or between the time of the prayer of daybreak and sunrise; syn. خَرَجَ فِى البُكْرَةِ: (T, A:) or ↓ ابكر, inf. n. إِبْكَارٌ, signifies he entered upon that time: (T:) one should not say بَكُرَ nor بَكِرَ in the sense of بكّر [&c.]. (S.) b2: Yousay also, بَكَرَ إِلَيْهِ, and عَلَيْهِ, and فِيهِ, inf. n. as above; and ↓ بكّر, and ↓ ابكر, and ↓ ابتكر; and ↓ باكرهُ; meaning أَتَاهُ بُكْرَةٌ [i. e. He came to him, or it, early in the morning, in the first part of the day; or between the time of the prayer of daybreak and sunrise: and he did it at that time: or بَكَرَ &c. with فِيهِ following may be rendered he occupied himself at that time in doing it]. (K.) b3: And [hence,] بَكَرَ إِلَيْهِ, [and عَلَيْهِ,] aor. and inf. n. as above; (Msb;) and بَكِرَ اليه, aor. ـَ (ISd, K; * [but see a remark respecting this verb above;]) and اليه ↓ بكر, (S, Msb, TA,) and عليه; (TA;) and اليه ↓ ابكر, (S, K,) and عليه; [and ↓ ابكرهُ;] and ↓ باكرهُ; (TA;) signify also (assumed tropical:) He hastened [or betook himself early] to it, or to do it, at any time, (S, Msb, K, TA,) morning or evening. (TA.) You say, بَكَرْتُ عَلَى الحَاجَةِ (assumed tropical:) [I hastened to do, or accomplish, or attain, the thing needed], inf. n. as above: and in like manner, عَلَى الوِرْدِ ↓ أَبْكَرْتُ (assumed tropical:) [I hastened to come to water]: (Az, S:) and الوِرْدَ ↓ ابكر, (TA,) and الغَدَآءَ, (Az, S, TA,) (assumed tropical:) He hastened to come to water, and to take the morning-meal. (TA.) Lebeed says, بَاكَرْتُ جَاجَتَهَا الدَّجَاجَ بِسُحْرَةٍ

meaning (assumed tropical:) I hastened to be before the crowing of the cock, at the close of night, in obtaining what was wanted [of it, namely, of wine,] by me: (TA:) حاجتها being for حَاجَتِى إِلَيْهَا, i. e., إِلَى

الخَمْرِ. (EM p. 170: but the first word is there written بَادَرْتُ.) [See also 2, below.] b4: [It is also said that] بكر [app. بَكِرَ,] inf. n. بكر, [app. بَكَرٌ,] signifies (assumed tropical:) He possessed the quality of applying himself early, or of hastening; expl. by كَانَ صَاحِبَ بُكُورٍ. (Msb.) [But see بَكُرٌ.]2 بكّر, inf. n. تَبْكِيرٌ: see 1, in three places: and see 8. You say also, بكّر إِلَى الجُمْعَةِ (tropical:) He went forth to the [prayers of] Friday at the commencement of the time thereof. (A.) And بكّر [alone], inf. n. as above, (tropical:) He came to prayer at the commencement of its time. (K, TA.) and بكّر بِالصَّلَاةِ (tropical:) He performed the prayer at the commencement of its time: (A, Mgh, Msb, TA:) he was regardful of it, and performed it early. (TA.) And بَكِّرُوا بِصَلَاةِ المَغْرِبِ (tropical:) Perform ye the prayer of sunset at the setting of the [sun's] disc. (S.) And بَكَّرَتِ النَّخْلَةُ بِحَمْلِهَا (tropical:) [The palmtree was early with its fruit]. (A.) b2: Also (tropical:) He was, or became, or went, before; preceded; had, or took, precedence; syn. تَقَدَّمَ; and so ↓ ابكر and ↓ تبكّر. (K, TA.) You say, بَكَّرْتُ فِى

كَذَا (tropical:) I was, or became, or went, before, &c., in such a thing; syn. تَقَدَّمْتُ. (IJ, IB, TA.) and بكّر عَلَى أَصْحَابِهِ (assumed tropical:) [He was, or became, or went, before his companions; preceded them; or had, or took, precedence of them]. (M, K.) A2: بكّرهُ عَلَى

أَصْحَابِهِ signifies جَعَلَهُ يُبَكِّرُ عَلَيْهِمْ (assumed tropical:) [He made him to be, or become, or go, before his companions; to precede them; or to have, or take, precedence of them]; and so عَلَيْهِمْ ↓ ابكرهُ. (M, K.) b2: See also 4. b3: بكّر الفَاكِهَةَ: see 8.3 بَاْكَرَ see 1, in four places.4 أَبْكَرَ see 1, in seven places: and see 2 as meaning تَقَدَّمَ. b2: ابكر also signifies He had camels coming to water early in the morning, in the first part of the day; or between the time of the prayer of daybreak and sunrise. (S, K.) A2: It is also trans. of بَكَرَ: (S, Sgh, Msb:) you say, أَبْكَرْتُ غَيْرِى [I made another to go forth early in the morning, in the first part of the day; or between the time of the prayer of daybreak and sunrise: and I made another to go to a person &c. at that time; and to betake himself to an action at that time: and (assumed tropical:) to hasten, or betake himself early, to a thing at any time, morning or evening: and غَيْرِى ↓ بَكَّرْتُ app. signifies the same]. (S.) b2: You say also, ابكرهُ عَلَى أَصْحَابِهِ: see 2.5 تَبَكَّرَ see 2.8 ابتكر: see 1, in two places. b2: Also (tropical:) He arrived [at the mosque on the occasion of the Friday-prayers] in time to hear the first portion of the خُطْبَة: (S, K:) or he heard the first portion of the خُطْبَة; (A, Msb;) [and] ابتكر الخُطْبَةَ has this meaning. (Mgh.) وَابْتَكَرَ ↓ مَنْ بَكَّرَ, occurring in a trad., (S, Msb,) respecting [the prayers of] Friday, (S,) means (tropical:) Whoso hasteneth, (S, Msb,) and arriveth in time to hear the first portion of the خُطْبَة, (S,) or heareth the first portion thereof: (Msb:) or whoso hasteneth, going forth to the mosque early, and performeth the prayer at the first of its time: or, accord. to Aboo-Sa'eed, whoso hasteneth to the Fridayprayers, before the call to prayer, and arriveth at the commencement of their time: or both the verbs signify the same, and the [virtual] repetition is to give intensiveness and strength to the meaning. (TA. [See 2.]) b3: You say also, ابتكرهُ, meaning (tropical:) He took, (A, Msb,) or obtained possession of, (S, TA,) its بَاكُورَة, (S, TA,) i. e., (TA,) the first of it: (A, Msb, TA:) which is the primary signification [of the trans. verb]. (TA.) b4: And ابتكر, K,) or ابتكر الفَاكِهَةَ, (A, Mgh, Msb,) and ↓ بَكَّرَهَا, (TA,) (tropical:) He ate the first that had come to maturity of fruit, or of the fruit. (A, Mgh, Msb, K.) b5: And hence, (Mgh,) ابتكر الجَارِيَةَ (tropical:) He took the girl's virginity: (A, Mgh:) or he did so before she had attained to puberty. (Msb in art. قض, and TA in art. خضر.) b6: And ابتكر عَجِينًا (assumed tropical:) [He took, or made use of, fresh dough for preparing bread]. (K in art. غرض.) A2: And اِبْتَكَرَتْ, (Abu-l-Beydà,) or ابتكرت بِوَلَدِهَا, (AHeyth,) She brought forth her first offspring: (AHeyth, Abu-l-Beydà:) or the former signifies she (a woman) brought forth a male at her first birth. (K.) بَكْرٌ (S, Mgh, Msb, K, &c.) and ↓ بُكْرٌ, (K,) but this latter is hardly to be found in any of the lexicons, (MF,) and ↓ بِكْرٌ, (ISd, TA,) A youthful he-camel; one in a state of youthful vigour: fem. with ة; (S, Mgh, Msb, K;) and also بَكْرٌ, without ة: (TA:) the term بَكْرٌ, applied to a camel, corresponds to فَتًى, applied to a human being; and بَكْرَةٌ, to فَتَاةٌ; and قَلُوصٌ, to جَارِيَةٌ; and بَعِيرٌ, to إِنْسَانٌ; and جَمَلٌ, to رَجُلٌ; and نَاقَةٌ, to مَرْأَةٌ: (AO, S:) or the offspring, or young one, of a she-camel; (K;) thus indefinitely explained: (TA:) or a camel in his sixth year (ثَنِىٌّ) [and] until he becomes a جَذَع: [but it seems that the reverse must be meant; for a جذع, of camels, is one in his fifth year:] or a camel in his second year [and] until he enters his sixth year: or a camel in his second year, or that has entered his third year, or that has completed his second year and entered his third year; syn. اِبْنُ لَبُونٍ: (K:) and a camel that has just entered upon his fourth year: and a camel in his fifth year: (IAar, Az:) or a camel that has not entered his ninth year: (K:) and sometimes it is metaphorically applied to a human being; [meaning (tropical:) a young man;] and بَكْرَةٌ to (tropical:) a young woman: (TA:) the pl. (of pauc., S) is أَبْكُرٌ; (S, K;) and ↓ أُبَيْكِرُونَ occurs as pl. of the dim. of أَبْكُرٌ; (S, TA;) and (pl. of mult., S, TA) بِكَارٌ, (S, Msb,) like as فِرَاخٌ is pl. of فَرْخٌ; (S;) or this is pl. of بَكْرَةٌ; (Msb, K;) and there are other pls. of بَكْرٌ, namely, بُكْرَانٌ (K) and بِكَارَةٌ; (S, Msb, K;) and [quasi-pl. n.]

↓ بَكَارَةٌ. (K.) Hence the well-known prov., (TA,) صَدَقَنِى سِنَّ بَكْرِهِ, and سِنُّ بَكْرِهِ, meaning He hath told me what is in his mind, and what his ribs infold: a saying originating from the following fact: a man bargained with another for a youthful camel (بَكْر), and said, “What is his age (سِنُّهُ)? ” the other answered, “He is in his ninth year: ”

then the young camel took fright and ran away: whereupon his owner said to him, هِدَعْ هِدَعْ; and this is an expression by which are quieted young ones, (K,) of the camel; (TA;) so when the purchaser heard it, he said, صدقنى سنّ بكره [He hath told me truly the age, or as to the age, of his youthful camel: or the age of his youthful camel has spoken truly to me]: if سنّ is in the accus. case, the meaning [of the verb] is عَرَّفَنِى, (K,) and سنّ is in the accus. case as a second objective complement; (TA;) or خَبَرَ سِنِّ is meant; [in the CK, erroneously, خَبَرَ;] or فِى سِنِّ; the prefixed noun [خَبَرَ] or the proposition [فِى] being suppressed [and سنّ being therefore in the accus. case]: but if سنّ is in the nom. case, veracity is attributed to the [animal's] age, by an amplification: (K:) or, as some say, the buyer said to the owner of the camel, “How many years has he? ” and he told him; and he looked at the teeth of the camel, and found him to be as he had said; whereupon he said, صدقنى سِنُّ بكره. (Har p. 95.) بُكْرٌ: see بَكْرٌ.

بِكْرٌ A virgin; (S, K;) and a man who has not yet drawn near to a woman; (TA;) contr. of ثَيِّبٌ, applied to a man as well as to a female: (Mgh, Msb:) pl. أَبْكَارٌ. (S, Msb, K.) b2: and [hence,] (assumed tropical:) A pearl unpierced. (MF.) And (assumed tropical:) A bow when one first shoots with it. (TA.) and (tropical:) A cloud abounding with water: (K, TA:) likened to a virgin, because her blood is more than that of her who is not a virgin: and the phrase سَحَابٌ بِكْرٌ is sometimes used. (TA.) and نَارٌ بِكْرٌ (tropical:) Fire not lighted from another fire. (As, A.) b3: Also She that has not yet brought forth offspring: (AHeyth:) and a cow that has not yet conceived: (K:) or a heifer (K, TA) that has not yet conceived: (TA:) and a woman, (S, K,) and a she-camel, (As, K,) that has brought forth but once: pl. أَبْكَارٌ and بِكَارٌ: (TA:) or a she-camel in her first state or condition. (Ham p. 340.) b4: And [hence,] (tropical:) A grape-vine that has produced fruit but once: (A, K:) pl. أَبْكَارٌ. (A.) b5: Also i. q. بَكْرٌ, q. v. (ISd, TA.) And [hence,] أَبْكَارُ الأَوْلَادِ (assumed tropical:) Young children. (TA, from a trad.) And أَبْكَارُ النَّحْلِ (assumed tropical:) Young bees. (TA.) Whence, عَسَلُ أَبْكَارٍ (tropical:) Honey produced by young bees: or this means honey of which the preparation has been superintended by virgin-girls. (A, * TA.) b6: Also (tropical:) The first-born of his, or her, mother (S, Msb, K) and father; (Msb, K;) applied alike to the male and the female: (S:) and sometimes to that which is not the offspring of human beings; (TA;) the first-born of camels; (S;) and of a serpent: (TA:) pl. أَبْكَارٌ. (TA.) You say, هٰذَا بِكْرُ أَبَوَيْهِ (tropical:) This is the first-born of his parents. (TA.) And أَشَدُّ النَّاسِ بِكْرٌ ابْنُ بِكْرَيْنِ (A) or بِكْرُ بِكْرَيْنِ (M, TA) (tropical:) [The strongest of men is the first-born of a man and woman each a first-born]. b7: (assumed tropical:) The first of anything; (K;) as also ↓ بَاكُورَةٌ: (TA:) and (assumed tropical:) an action that has not been preceded by its like. (K.) You say, مَا هٰذَا الأَمْرُ مِنْكَ بِكْرًا وَ لَا ثَنِيًا (tropical:) This thing, or affair, is not thy first nor thy second. (A, TA.) b8: حَاجَةٌ بِكْرٌ (tropical:) A want, or needful thing, recently sought to be accomplished or attained: (TA:) or that is the first in being referred to him of whom its accomplishment is sought. (A, TA.) b9: ضَرْبَةٌ بِكْرٌ (tropical:) A cutting blow or stroke, (S, K,) that kills (K) at once, (TA,) not requiring to be struck a second time: (S, A:) pl. ضَرَبَاتٌ أَبْكَارٌ; occurring in a trad., in which it is said that such were the blows of 'Alee; (S, TA;) but in that trad., as some recite it, the latter word is ↓ مُبْتَكِرَاتٌ. (TA.) بَكَرٌ: see بُكْرَةٌ, in three places: A2: and see also بَكْرَةٌ.

رَجُلٌ بَكُرٌ فِى حَاجَتِهِ, [in the CK, erroneously, بَكْرٌ,] and ↓بَكِرٌ, (S, K, * TA,) like حَذُرٌ and حَذِرٌ, (S,) and ↓بَكِيرٌ, (TA,) (assumed tropical:) A man possessing the quality of applying himself early, or of hastening, or having strength to apply himself early, or to hasten, (صَاحِبُ بُكُورٌ, S, or قَوِىٌّ عَلَى البُكُورِ, K,) to do, or accomplish, the thing that he needs, or wants: (S:) بَكُرٌ and بَكِرٌ [and بَكِيرٌ] are [said to be] possessive epithets; for they have no simple triliteral verb. (TA.) [But see 1, last sentence.]

بَكِرٌ: see what next precedes.

بَكْرَةٌ (S, Msb, K) and ↓بَكَرَةٌ (Msb, K) The thing upon which [passes the rope wherewith] one draws water (S, Msb, K) from a well [or the like]; (S;) [ i. e. the sheave of a pulley;] a round piece of wood, in the middle [of the circumference] whereof is a groove (K, TA) for the rope, and in the interior [or centre] whereof is an axis upon which it turns: (TA:) or a quick مَحَالَة [or large sheave of a pulley]: (M, K:) [but MF disapproves of this last explanation: sometimes, by a synecdoche, it is used to signify a pulley complete:] the pl. is ↓ بَكَرٌ, (S, Msb, K,) a pl. of the former, anomalous, like حَلَقٌ pl. of حَلْقَةٌ, and حَمَأٌ pl. of حَمْأَةٌ, (S,) or of the latter; (Msb;) or a coll. gen. n., of which بَكَرَةٌ is the n. un.; (MF;) and بَكَرَات, (S, Msb, K,) a pl. of the former [as well as of the latter]. (S, Msb.) b2: Hence, app., the former signifies also (assumed tropical:) A small ring, like a bead, in the ornamental part of a sword: (Mgh:) [and the pl.] بَكَرَاتٌ signifies (assumed tropical:) the rings that are attached to the ornamental part [of the scabbard] of a sword, (K,) resembling the [rings called] قَتَخ [which are worn upon the fingers or toes] of women. (TA.) b3: [And hence, perhaps,] (assumed tropical:) An assembly, a company, or a congregated body. (IAar, K.) b4: جَاؤُوا عَلَى بَكْرَةِ أَبِيهِمْ is a prov., (TA,) meaning (tropical:) They came together, not one remaining behind, (S, TA;) they came all of them, (AA, IJ, A, TA,) without exception: (TA:) or they came in a multitude, and all together, none remaining behind: (TA:) or they came in succession, one after, or at the heels of, another: (AO:) or they came in one way, or manner: (As:) [accord. to some, from بكرة as explained in the next preceding sentence; and, if so, على is used in the sense of مَعَ, or مُشْتَمِلِينَ is understood before it: or it is from بكرة signifying “ a youthful she-camel; ” and thus implies that they were few: (see Freytag's Arab. Prov. i. 312:) or] from بَكَّرْتُ فِى كَذَا meaning “ I was,” or “ became,” or “ went,” “ before in such a thing; ”

so that it signifies that they came from first to last: (IJ:) or from بكرة in the first of the senses explained in this paragraph; though in this case there is no بكرة in reality. (AO, S. *) بُكْرَةٌ and ↓ بَكَرٌ The early morning, or first part of the day; (Bd and Jel in xix. 12 and xxxiii. 41 and xlviii. 9, as relating to the former word; and K; *) between the time of the prayer of daybreak and sunrise; syn. غُدْوَةٌ; and ↓ إِبْكَارٌ is a subst. in the same sense, (K,) accord. to the lexicologists, as Sb says; but he adds that he holds it to be [only] the inf. n. of أَبْكَرَ: (TA: [and the like is said in the S with reference to its occurrence in the Kur iii. 36 and xl. 57:]) pl. [of pauc.] of the first, أَبْكَارٌ, and [of mult.] بُكَرٌ. (T, Msb.) You say, أَتَيْتُهُ بُكْرَةٌ (S, A, Msb) and ↓ بَكَرًا, (A,) meaning ↓ بَاكِرٍا [I came to him early in the morning, &c.]. (S, A, Msb.) But if you mean the بُكْرَةٌ of a particular day, you say, أَتَيْتُهُ بُكْرَةَ, making the noun imperfectly decl.; [meaning I came to him early in the morning, &c., of this day;] and in this case it is not to be used otherwise than as an adv. n. of time. (S.) If you say ↓ بَاكِرًا, using this word as an epithet, you use بَاكِرَة for the fem. (TA.) You say also, سِرْ عَلَى فَرَسِكَ بُكْرَةً and ↓ بَكَرًا [Go thou on thy horse early in the morning, &c.]; like as you say, سَحَرًا. (S, TA. [But in two copies of the S, for سرْ, I find سِيرَ.]) بَكَرَةٌ: see بَكْرَةٌ.

بَكُورٌ (A, K) and ↓ بَاكُورٌ (K) and ↓ بَاكِرٌ (A) and ↓ مُبْكِرٌ (K) (tropical:) Rain that falls in the first of its season: (A:) or that comes (TA) in the commencement of [the season of] the وَسْمِىّ [q. v.]: (K, TA:) and that comes in the end of the night, or the beginning of the day. (TA.) You say also سَحَابَةٌ مِدْلَاجٌ بَكُورٌ (tropical:) [A cloud that comes in the latter part of the night, in the first of its season, bringing rain]: (A:) and ↓ سَحَابَةٌ مِبْكَارٌ a cloud that comes in the end of the night. (TA.) b2: Also بَكُورٌ (S, A, Msb, K) and ↓ بَكِيرَةٌ (S, K) and ↓ بَاكُورَةٌ (Msb, K) and ↓ بَاكِرٌ (A) and ↓ مِبْكَارٌ (A in art. اخر and K) (tropical:) A palm-tree (نَخْلَةٌ, A) that comes to maturity first, (S, Msb, K,) before the other palm-trees: (S:) or that produces its fruit early; (A;) contr. of مِئْخَارٌ (A in art. اخر:) pl. (of the first, Msb, K) بُكُرٌ; (S, Msb, K; [in the CK بُكْرٌ;]) and [pl. of ↓ بَاكِرٌ or بَاكِرَةٌ] بَوَاكِرُ (K voce تَبَاشِيرُ) ↓ بَاكُورَةٌ is fem. of بَاكُورٌ, (K, TA,) which signifies (assumed tropical:) Anything that hastens its coming (TA) and its attaining to maturity. (K, TA.) You say also أَرْضٌ

↓ مِبْكَارٌ (assumed tropical:) Land that produces plants, or herbage, quickly. (K.) بَكِيرٌ, and its fem., with ة: see بَكُرٌ and بَكٌورٌ بَكَارَةٌ Virginity: (S, K:) the virginity, or maidenhead, of a woman. (Mgh, Msb.) A2: See also بَكْرٌ بَاكِرٌ [part. n. of بَكَرَ]: see بُكْرَةٌ, in two places: A2: and see بَكُورٌ, in three places: b2: and see an ex. of the pl. of its fem. بَاكِرَةٌ, i. e. بَوَاكِرُ, voce بَاصِرٌ b3: Also (assumed tropical:) Fruit when first ripe: pl. بِكَارٌ, like as صِحَابٌ is pl. of صَاحِبٌ. (TA.) بَاكُورٌ, and its fem. بَاكُورَةٌ: see بَكُورٌ, in three places.

بَاكُورَةٌ [as a subst.]: see بِكْرٌ. b2: Also, (S, K,) or بَاكُورَةٌ الفَا كِهَةِ, (A, Msb,) (tropical:) The first of fruit: (S:) or the first that comes to maturity, of fruit: (A, Msb, K:) or fruit that hastens to come forth: (AHát, Msb:) pl. بَوَاكِيرُ and بَاكُورَاتٌ. (Msb.) b3: The pl. بَوَاكِيرُ also signifies (assumed tropical:) Winds that announce [coming] rain. (A in art. بشر) إِبْكَارٌ: see بُكْرَةٌ.

أُبَيْكِرٌ dim. of أَبْكِرٌ, pl. of pauc. of بَكْرٌ: see its pl. أُبَيْكِرُونَ voce بَكْرٌ.

تَبَاكِيرُ (assumed tropical:) The colours of palm-trees when the fruit begins to ripen. (TA voce تَبَاشِيرُ.) مُبْكِرٌ: see بَكُورٌ.

مِبْكَارٌ: see بَكُورٌ, in three places.

ضرَبَاتٌ مُبْتَكِرَاتٌ: see بِكْرٌ. last sentence.

بهر

1 بَهَرَهُ, (S, A, Msb,) aor. ـَ (Msb,) inf. n. بَهْرٌ, (S, Msb, K,) He overcame him: (S, A, Msb, K:) he overpowered him; subdued him: (TA:) he surpassed him; excelled him. (Msb.) See also 3.

You say, بَهَرَتْ فُلَانَةُ النِّسَآءَ Such a woman surpassed the [other] women in beauty. (S.) and بَهَرَ [alone] He excelled in knowledge &c.; or he was, or became, accomplished, or perfect, in every excellence, and in goodliness. (S, K.) And بَهَرَ القَمَرُ, (S, K,) or بَهَرَ القَمَرُ النُّجُومَ, (TA,) aor. ـَ (K,) inf. n. بُهُورٌ, (TA,) (tropical:) The moon overcame with its light the light of the stars. (S, K, TA.) and بَهَرَتِ الشَّمْسُ الأَرْضَ (assumed tropical:) The light of the sun overspread the earth. (TA.) b2: [Hence,] بَهَرَ, aor. ـَ (TA,) inf. n. بَهْرٌ and بُهُورٌ, (K,) (tropical:) It shone, or shone brightly: (K, TA:) and السَّحَابَةُ ↓ تَبَهَّرَتِ (tropical:) The cloud shone, or shone brightly. (K.) A2: بَهَرَهُ, (S, A,) aor. ـَ inf. n. بُهْرٌ, (S,) also signifies (tropical:) It (a load, or burden, S, A, and running, A) [caused him to be out of breath; interrupted his breathing; (see بُهْرٌ;)] caused to pant, or breathe [shortly or] uninterruptedly. (S, A.) b2: Also, (ISh, JK, TA,) inf. n. بَهْرٌ, (K, TA,) (assumed tropical:) He stopped his breath by beating, or by squeezing his throat, or throttling him, or by any other means: (ISh, TA:) (assumed tropical:) he plied him, or worked him, (عَالَجَهُ,) until he became out of breath, or until he panted: (JK, TA:) (assumed tropical:) he imposed upon him a thing that was above his power, or ability. (K, TA.) A poet says, إِنَّ البَخِيلَ إِذَا سَأَلْتَ بَهَرْتَهُ Verily the niggardly, when thou askest of him, thou stoppest his breath. (ISh, TA.) b3: [Hence,] بُهِرَ, i. q. انبهر, as explained below. (K.) A3: بَهَرَهَا, (JK,) or بَهَرَهَا بِبُهْتَانٍ, (TA,) inf. n. بَهْرٌ, (K,) He reproached her, or accused her, falsely; (JK;) he aspersed her; calumniated her; or brought a false accusation against her. (K, * TA.) Yousay, بَهَرَهَا بِكَذَا He reproached her falsely with, or accused her falsely of, such a thing. (JK.) [See also 8.]3 بَاْهَرَ ↓ باهر صَاحِبَهُ فَبَهَرَهُ (K, * TA,) inf. n. مُبَاهَرَةٌ and بِهَارٌ, (TA,) [aor. of the latter verb, accord. to rule, بَهُرَ, not بَهَرَ,] He contended, or disputed, or vied, with his companion for glory, or superiority, or excellence, and overcame him. (K, * TA.) 4 ابهر He did, or effected, or he said, or uttered, what was wonderful; syn. جَآءَ بِالعَجَبِ. (K.) 5 تَبَهَّرَ see 1.7 انبهر, (S, A, K,) and ↓ ابتهر, (TA,) and ↓ بُهِرَ, like عُنِىَ, (K,) (tropical:) He was, or became, out of breath; his breath became interrupted, by reason of fatigue [or running, or by hard work, or bearing a heavy load; see 1]: (K:) he panted, or breathed [shortly or] uninterruptedly. (S, A.) 8 ابتهر He arrogated to himself, or professed, a thing falsely. (S, K.) El-Akhtal says, وَمَا بِى إِنْ مَدَحْتُهُمُ ابْتِهَارُ And there is not in me, if I praise them, false profession: (S:) or ابتهر signifies he said what was false, and swore to it. (TA.) b2: He said that he had transgressed, or acted vitiously, or committed adultery or fornication, when he had not done so. (K.) And ابتهر بِذَنْبٍ He asserted himself to have committed a crime, or sin, when he had not done so. (TA, from a trad.) b3: ابتهرها He asserted falsely that he had had sexual intercourse with her: (M, TA:) ابتارها signifies “ he asserted the same with truth: ” (TA:) or ابتهر signifies he charged, or upbraided, a person with that which was in him; (K, TA;) and ابتار, “he charged, or upbraided, with that which was not in him. ” (TA.) See an ex. voce بَارَ in art. بور. b4: Also He (a poet) mentioned her (a girl) in his poetry. (JK.) اُبْتُهِرَ بِفُلَانَةَ He became, or was rendered, notorious, or infamous, on account of such a woman [with whom he was said to have had an illicit connexion]. (S, K.) A2: See also 7.11 ابهارّ اللَّيْلُ, (S, A, K,) inf. n. اِبْهِيرَارٌ, (S,) The night reached its middle point; (As, S, A, K;) from بُهْرَةٌ signifying the “ middle ” of a thing: (A:) or reached the point when all its stars appeared and shone: (Aboo-Sa'eed Ed-Dareer:) or became thickly dark: (K:) or for the most part passed: (S, K:) or reached the point when about one third of it remained. (K.) And ابهارّ عَلَيْنَا اللَّيْلُ The night became long to us. (S.) And ابهارّ النَّهَارُ The day reached the point when the sun had become high. (TA.) بَهْرٌ inf. n. of 1 [q. v.]. (S, Msb, K.) You say, بَهْرًا لَهُ, an imprecation, meaning May he be overcome! (A:) or i. q. تَعْسًا لَهُ [may he fall, having stumbled! or stumble and fall! &c.]: (AA, S, K:) and thus used [app. in the latter sense] as an imprecation, accord. to Sb, it has no verb, but is put in the accus. case on the supposition of a verb. (TA.) One says also, ↓ قُهْرًا وَبُهْرًا, with damm to each. (TA in art. قهر.) And بَهْرًا مَا

أَسْخَاهُ [May he fall, having stumbled! &c.: how bountiful is he!], like as one says تَعْسًا لَهُ [when not meaning it to be understood as an imprecation]. (A.) b2: It also signifies Distance, or remoteness: (K:) and remoteness from good or prosperity. (TA.) b3: Disappointment. (IAar, TA.) b4: Wonder; syn. عَجَبٌ. (K.) One says, بَهْرا meaning عَجَبًا [for أَعْجَبُ عَجَبًا I do wonder: or wonderful!]. (S.) So [sometimes] in the phrase بَهْرًا لَهُ [I do wonder at him, or it]. (IAar, TA.) b5: Love. (K.) Accord. to some, بَهْرًا لَكُمْ means Love to you. (JK.) b6: الأَزْوَاجُ ثَلاَثَةٌ زَوْجُ بَهْرٍ وَزَوْجُ دَهْرٍ وَزَوْجُ مَهْرٍ is a saying of the Arabs, meaning Husbands are three: a husband who overcomes the eyes by his goodliness, (S,) or a husband of noble race, though he may be of little wealth; (TA;) and a husband prepared for the accidents, or calamities, of fortune; and a husband from whom a dowry is got, (S,) or a husband who has not nobility of race, and who therefore doubles the dowry to make himself desired. (TA.) A2: (assumed tropical:) Distress that affects the breath or respiration, syn. كَرْبٌ, (K, TA,) [particularly] of a camel when he is spurred on, or of a man when a labour above his power is imposed upon him. (TA.) بُهْرٌ: see بَهْرٌ. b2: Also (tropical:) The state of being out of breath; interruption of the breath, by reason of fatigue, (K, TA,) [or by bearing a heavy load, (see 1,)] or by hard work, and by running: (TA:) a panting, or breathing [shortly or] uninterruptedly. (S, A, TA,) A2: Wide-spreading land; a wide tract of land; as also ↓ بُهْرَةٌ [q. v.]. (K.) b2: A country, or district; or a city, or town; syn. بَلَدٌ: (K:) or the middle thereof. (TA.) b3: The middle, and best part, (سِرّ, and خَيْر, for the former of which words we find شَرّ erroneously put in the copies of the K, TA,) of a valley; as also ↓ بُهْرَةُ [q. v.]. (K, TA.) بُهْرَةٌ Plain, or even, or soft, land or ground: or a wide tract of land between mountains. (L.) b2: See also بُهْرٌ, in two places. b3: The middle (S, A, K) of a valley, and of the night, and of a horse, (S, K,) and of a camel's saddle, (TA,) and of a ring, (K,) or of a thing. (A.) بَهَارٌ A certain plant, of sweet odour; (K;) the [plant called] عَرَار, which is also called عَيْنُ البَقَرِ; [buphthalmum, or ox-eye;] it is the بَهَارُ البَرِّ, a crisping, or curling, plant, having a yellow flower; growing in the days of the spring (الرَّبِيع), and called عَرَارَةٌ: (S:) As says, The عَرَار is the بَهَارُ البَرِّ: and Az says, The عَرَارَة is the خَسْوَة; and I regard بهار as a Persian word. (TA.) b2: Perfume. (Msb.) b3: And hence applied to The flowers of the desert. (Msb.) b4: And Anything goodly, or beautiful, and bright, or shining. (K, TA.) بُهَارٌ A certain thing with which one weighs; (S, Msb, K;) the weight of three hundred pounds: (Fr, IAar, A'Obeyd, S, K:) thought by A'Obeyd to be not Arabic, but Coptic; (S;) having this signification in Coptic; (JK;) but thought by Az to be pure Arabic: (TA:) or four hundred pounds: or six hundred: or a thousand: (K:) and, (K,) or as some say, (TA,) one half of a load (K, TA) borne by a camel, (TA,) containing four hundred pounds, (K, TA,) in the dial. of Syria: (TA:) or a load borne by a camel: (KT:) or a camel-load of household-goods or furniture and utensils: (As:) and commodities, or utensils, or the like, of the sea; expl. by مَتَاعَ البَحْرِ [perhaps a mistranscription for مَتَاعَ التَّجْرِ or التُّجُرِ, commodities, or goods, of the merchants: the poet Bureyk El-Hudhalee speaks of camels bearing بُهَار]. (JK, K.) It is said that Talhah the son of 'Obeyd-Allah left a hundred بُهَار, in each بهار of which was three hundred-weight of gold (S, TA) and silver; (TA;) بهار being thus made to signify a receptacle: (S, TA:) accord. to As and KT, the meaning is, a hundred camel-loads. (TA.) بَهِيرٌ and ↓ مَبْهُورٌ (A, K) and ↓ مَنْبَهِرٌ (A) [and ↓ مُبْتَهِرٌ] (tropical:) Out of breath; having his breath interrupted, by reason of fatigue [or running, or by hard work, or bearing a heavy load; see 1 and 7]; panting, or breathing [shortly or] uninterruptedly. (A.) بَاهِرٌ [act. part. n. of 1, Overcoming; &c. and particularly,] (assumed tropical:) Overcoming in light. (JK.) [Hence,] قَمَرٌ بَاهِرٌ (tropical:) A moon that overcomes with its light the light of the stars. (S, A.) And البَاهِرُ (tropical:) The moon; because it outshines the stars: (Msb:) or the full moon. (JK.) أَبْهَرُ [The aor. a; so in the present day;] a certain vein [or artery], (S, A, K,) in the back, (K,) lying within, or at the inner side of, the back-bone (A'Obeyd, A, TA) and the heart, (A'Obeyd, TA,) the severing of which causes death: (A'Obeyd, S, A:) it is name given to each of two veins [or arteries, or the two portions of the aor. a which are called the aor. a ascendens and aor. a descendens,] which issue from the heart, and from which then branch off all the other arteries: (S:) and, (K,) or as some say, (TA,) the وَرِيد [i. e. either the carotid artery or the external jugular vein] of the neck: (K:) and, (K,) or as some say, (TA,) [the vein in the arm called] the أَكْحَل: (K:) or, accord. to the more full description of IAth, a certain vein [or artery] arising from the head, and extending to the foot, and having arteries which communicate with most of the extremities and the body: what is in the head is called the نَامَّة; and hence the saying, أَسْكَتَ اللّٰهُ نَامَّتَهُ, meaning “God killed him,” or “may God kill him!” and it extends to the throat, and is there called the وَرِيد; and to the chest, and is there called [especially] the أَبْهَر [meaning the aor. a ascendens]; and to the back, and is there called the وَتِين [meaning the aor. a descendens]; and the heart is suspended to it; and it extends to the thigh, and is there called the نَسَا; and to the shank, and is there called the صَافِن: the ء in it is augmentative. (TA.) Yousay, قَطَعَ أَبْهَرَهُ [It severed his aor. a]; meaning (tropical:) it (pain) destroyed him. (A.) b2: Also The back: (K:) or the place of the vein [or artery] so called. (As, in art. خدع of the S.) One says, فُلَانٌ شَدِيدٌ الأَبْهَرِ Such a one is strong in the back: (TA:) or strong in the place of the vein [or artery] called the ابهر. (As, ubi suprà.) b3: And The back of the curved part of the extremity of a bow: (K:) or the part between the طائِف and the كُلْيَة: (S, K:) in the bow is its كَبِد, which is the part between the two extremities of its string or the like; then, next to this, the كُلْيَة; then, next to this, the أَبْهَر; then, the طَائِف; then, the سِئَة, which is the curved part of the extremity. (As.) b4: And A tent-pole. (JK.) b5: And The shorter side of a feather: (K:) [or] so أَبَاهِرُ [which is the pl.]: (JK:) [or] the latter signifies the feathers (Lh, S) of the wing (Lh) of a bird (Lh, S) next after those called الخَوَافِى, (Lh,) [and] next [before] those called الكُلَى: (S:) the first of them are those called القَوَادِمُ, (S,) four in number, in the fore part of the wing; (Lh;) the next, المَنَاكِبُ, (Lh, S,) also four; (Lh;) the next, الخَوَافِى, (Lh, S,) also four; (Lh;) the next, الأَبَاهِرُ, (Lh, S,) also four; (Lh;) and the next, الكُلَى [which are also four]. (S.) مَبْهُورٌ: see بَهِيرٌ.

مُبْتَهِرٌ: see بَهِيرٌ.

مُنْبَهِر: see بَهِيرٌ.

بعض

1 بَعَضَهُ البَعُوضُ, [aor. ـَ inf. n. بَعْضٌ, The بَعُوض [or gnats, or musquitoes,] bit him; and annoyed, or molested, him. (TA.) And بُعِضُوا They were bitten by the بَعُوض: (A:) or were annoyed, or molested, thereby. (K.) بَعَضَهُ is not used in relation to anything but بَعُوض. (TA.) A poet says, praising a man who passed the night within a كِلَّة [or thin curtain used for protection from gnats, or musquitoes], which is also called أَبُو دِثَارٍ, لَنِعْمَ البَيْتُ بَيْتُ أَبِى دِثَارٍ

إِذَا مَا خَافَ بَعْضُ القَوْمِ بَعْضَا [Excellent indeed is the tent, the tent of Aboo-Dithár, when some of the people fear biting, and annoyance, or molestation, from gnats, or musquitoes]: by بعضا meaning عَضًّا. (TA.) 2 بعضهُ, inf. n. تَبْعِيضٌ, He divided it into parts, or portions, (S, A, Msb, K,) distinct, or separate, one from another. (Msb) You say, أَخَذُوا مَالَهُ فَبَعَّضُوهُ They took his property and divided it into parts, or portions. (A, TA.) And عَضَّى الشَّاةَ وَ بَعَّضَهَا [He limbed, or dismembered, the sheep, or goat, and divided it into parts, or portions]. (A, TA.) [Hence,] مِنْ in certain cases, and بِ in the like cases, as in the saying شَرِبْتُ بِمَآءِ كَذَا [“ I drank of,” i. e. “ some of, such water ”], are said to be لِلتَّبْعِيضِ [For the purpose of dividing into parts, or portions]. (Msb.) 4 ابعضوا They had بَعُوض [or gnats, or musquitoes], (K,) or abundance thereof, (A,) in their land. (A, K.) 5 تبعّض It was, or became, divided into parts, or portions. (S, K.) بَعْضٌ Some, or somewhat or some one, (lit. a thing,) of things, or of a thing: Th says that it signifies thus accord. to all the grammarians; (Msb, TA;) except Hishám, as will be seen hereafter: (TA:) or a part, or portion, (A, Msb, K,) of a thing, (Msb,) or of anything; (A, K;) whether little or much: (TA:) accord. to both these explanations, it may denote the greater part; as eight of ten: (Msb:) [thus it signifies some one or more; and it relates to persons and to other things:] pl. أَبْعَاضٌ; (S, IJ, K;) but ISd doubts whether IJ had an authority for this. (TA.) You say, بَعْضُ الشَّرِّ أَهْوَنُ مِنْ بَعْضٍ [Some kinds of evil are easier to be borne than some]. (A.) And جَارِيَةٌ حُسَّانَةٌ يُشْبِهُ بَعْضُهَا بَعْضًا [A very beautiful girl, parts of whom resemble other parts]. (A.) [And ضَرَبَ بَعْضُهُمْ بَعْضًا Some of them beat some; i. e. they beat one another.] And لَبِثْنَا يَوْمًا

أَوْ بَعْضَ يَوْمٍ [We have tarried a day or part of a day]. (Kur xviii. 18.) And one says to a man of a company of men, “Who did this? ” and he answers, أَحَدُنَا or بَعْضُنَا [Some one of us]; meaning himself. (A.) The article ال should not be prefixed to it, (K, * TA,) because it is originally a prefixed n., and as such determinate either literally or virtually, so that it does not admit another cause of being determinate; (TA;) contr. to what is said by IDrst (K, TA) and Ez-Zejjájee; for they said البَعْضُ and الكُلُّ; which, properly, as ISd says, is not allowable; and it is said in the O that IDrst, in this matter, was at variance with all the people of his age: (TA:) AHát says that the Arabs did not say الكُلُّ nor البَعْضُ, but that people used these expressions, even Sb and Akh in their two books, by reason of their little knowledge in this way: (K, * TA:) a remark, says MF, which is extr., and needs no comment: (TA:) [for who surpassed Sb and Akh in knowledge respecting matters of this kind?] AHát also relates his having told As that he had seen in the book of [that celebrated and chaste author] Ibn-ElMukaffa', العِلْمُ الكَثِيرٌ وَ لٰكِنَّ أَخْذَ البَعْضِ خَيْرٌ مِنْ تَرْكِ الكُلِّ [Science is large; but the acquiring of part is better than the neglecting of the whole]; and that As disapproved of it most strongly, saying that the article ال is not prefixed to بَعْضٌ and كُلٌّ because they are determinate without it: (TA:) Az, however, says that the grammarians allow its being prefixed to these two words, (Msb, TA,) though As disallows it, (TA,) because they are meant to be understood as prefixed ns.; (Msb;) or because the article is meant to be a substitute for the noun to which they should be prefixed; or, in the case of بَعْضٌ, because this word is equivalent to جُزْءٌ, which receives the article ال. (MF.) It is related of AO, that he assigned also to بَعْضٌ the contr. meaning of All; or the whole: adducing as a proof thereof the words of the Kur [xl. 29], يُصِبْكُمْ بَعْضُ الَّذِى

يَعِدُكُمْ as meaning All of that with which he threateneth you will befall you: and the saying of Lebeed.

أَوْ يَعْتَلِقْ بَعْضَ النُّفُوسِ حِمَامُهَا [as meaning Or their death shall cling to all living creatures: or, accord. to another relation, او يَرْتَبِطْ, which means the same as او يعتلق]: thus also AHeyth explains the above-cited verse of the Kur; and thus Hishám explains the saying of Lebeed, erroneously asserting that بعض is here a pl.: (TA:) but with respect to the former instance, the Prophet had threatened them with two things, the punishment of the present world and that of the world to come; so he says, “This punishment will befall you in the present world; ”

which is part (بعض] of the two threats; without denying the punishment of the world to come: or, as Aboo-Is-hák says, he mentions the part to indicate the necessary consequence of the whole: and as to the saying of Lebeed, by بعض النفوس he means himself. (TA [app. from ISd].) أَرْضٌ بَعِضَةٌ A land abounding with بَعُوض [or gnats, or musquitoes]; (K;) as also ↓ مَبْعَضَةٌ, like as you say مَبَقَّةٌ. (TA.) And لَيْلَةٌ بَعِضَةٌ A night in which are many بَعُوض; as also ↓ مَبْعُوضَةٌ (A, K.) بَعُوضٌ [Gnats, or musquitoes;] i. q. بَقَّ [which signifies both gnats, or musquitoes, (called in Egypt نَامُوس,) and also bugs]: n. un. with ة: (S:) or pl. of بَعُوضَةٌ, (K,) which signifies i. q. بَقَّةٌ. (A, K.) A poet speaks of the humming of the بعوض of the water. (TA.) The author of the K says, in the B, that the word is taken from بَعْضٌ, because of the smallness of the body of the بعوضة in comparison with other living things. (TA.) You say, كَلَّفَنِى مُخَّ البَعُوضِ (tropical:) He imposed upon me a difficult thing: (A:) or an impossible thing. (TS, K.) أَرْضٌ مَبْعَضَةٌ: see بَعِضَةٌ لَيْلَةٌ مَبْعُوضَةٌ: see بَعِضَةٌ

بيض

1 بَاضَهُ, (S, K,) first Pers\. بِضْتُ, (M,) aor. ـِ for which one should not say يَبُوضُ, [though it would be agreeable with a general rule respecting verbs denoting surpassingness,] (S, O,) He surpassed him in whiteness. (S, M, O, K.) A2: بَاضَتْ, (S, M, Msb, K, except that in the M and Msb we find the masc. form, بَاضَ, followed by الطَّائِرُ,) aor. ـِ (Msb,) inf. n. بَيْضٌ, (M, Msb,) said of an ostrich, (M,) or a hen, (K,) or any bird, (S, M, Msb,) and the like, (Msb,) She laid her eggs, (M, Msb, TA,) or egg. (Msb.) b2: بَاضَ السَّحَابُ (tropical:) The clouds rained. (IAar, O, K.) A poet says, [using a phrase from which this application of the verb probably originated,] بَاضَ النَّعَامُ بِهِ فَنَفَّرَ أَهْلَهُ

إِلَّا المُقِيمَ عَلَى الدَّوَى المُتَأَفِّنِ (IAar,) i. e. (tropical:) The نعام, meaning the نَعَائِم, [or Twentieth Mansion of the Moon,] sent down rain upon it, and so put to flight its occupants, except him who remained incurring the risk of dying from disease, wasting away: [the last word being in the gen. case, by poetic license, because the next before it is in that case; like خَرِبٍ in the phrase هٰذَا جُحْرُ ضَبٍّ خَرِبٍ:] the poet is describing a valley rained upon and in consequence producing herbage; for the rain of the asterism called النعائم is in the hot season, [when that asterism sets aurorally, (see مَنَازِلُ القَمَرِ, in art. نزل,)] whereupon there grows, at the roots of the حَلِىّ, a plant called نَشْر, which is poisonous, killing beasts that eat of it: the verse is explained as above by El-Mohellebee: (IB:) or, as IAar says, the poet means rain that falls at the نَوْء [by which we are here to understand the setting aurorally] of النعائم; and that when this rain falls, the wise flees and the stupid remains. (O.) b3: بَاضَ بِالمَكَانِ (tropical:) He remained, stayed, or abode, in the place [like as a bird does in the place where she lays her eggs]. (O, K.) b4: بَاضَتِ الأَرْضُ (assumed tropical:) The earth produced كَمْأَة [or truffles, which are thus likened to eggs]: (A, TA:) or (assumed tropical:) the earth produced the plants that it contained: or (assumed tropical:) it became changed in its greenness to yellowness, and scattered the fruit, or produce, and dried up. (M, TA.) b5: بَاضَ الحَرُّ (tropical:) The heat became vehement, or intense. (S, A, K.) A3: بَاضَ القَوْمَ; &c.: see 8, in three places.2 بيّض, (S, M, K,) inf. n. تَبْيِضٌ, (S,) He whitened a thing; made it white; (S, M;) contr. of سَوَّدَ. (K.) He bleached clothes. (M.) [He whitewashed a wall &c. He tinned a copper vessel or the like.] You say, بَيَّضَ اللّٰهُ وَجْهَهُ [lit., God whitened his face: or may God whiten his face: meaning (tropical:) God rendered his face expressive of joy, or cheerfulness; or rejoiced, or cheered, him: or may God &c.: and also God cleared his character; or manifested his honesty, or the like: or may God &c.: see the contr. سَوَّدَ]. (TA.) And بيّض لَهُ [He left a blank space for it; namely, a word or sentence or the like: probably post-classical]. (TA in art. شمس; &c.) b2: [He wrote out fairly, after having made a first rough draught: in this sense, also, opposed to سَوَّدَ: probably post-classical.] b3: (tropical:) He filled a vessel: (M, A, K: *) or he filled a vessel, and a skin, with water and milk. (S, O.) b4: And (tropical:) He emptied (A, K) a vessel: (A:) thus it bears two contr. significations. (K.) 3 بايضهُ, (S, M,) inf. n. مُبَايَضَةٌ, (TA,) He contended with him for superiority in whiteness. (S, M.) b2: بَايَضَنِى فُلَانٌ (tropical:) Such a one acted openly with me; syn. جَاهَرَنِى: from النَّهَارِ ↓ بَيَاضُ [the whiteness of day, or daylight]. (A, TA.) 4 أَبْيَضَتْ and أَبَاضَتْ She (a woman) brought forth white children: and in like manner one says of a man [أَبْيَضَ and أَبَاضَ, meaning He begat white children]. (M, TA.) b2: See also 9, in two places.8 ابتاض He (a man, S) put upon himself a بَيْضَة [or helmet] (S, K, TA) of iron. (TA.) A2: ابتاضهُمْ He entered into their بَيْضَة [or territory, &c.]: (A, TA:) and ابتاضوا القَوْمَ They exterminated the people, or company of men; they extirpated them; (M, K; *) as also ↓ بَاضُوهُمْ: (M:) and اُبْتِيضُوا [originally اُبْتُيِضُوا; in the CK, incorrectly, ابتَيَضُوا;] They were exterminated, or extirpated, (K, TA,) and their بَيْضَة [or quarter, &c.,] was given up to be plundered: (TA:) and اِبْتَضْنَاهُمْ We smote their بيضة [or collective body, &c.,] and took all that belonged to them by force; as also ↓ بِضْنَاهُمْ: and ↓ بِيضَ الحَىُّ The tribe was so smitten &c. (TA.) 9 ابيضّ, (S, M, Msb, K,) and, by poetic license, اِبْيَضَضَّ, [of which see an ex. voce خَفَضَ, and see also 9 in art. حو,] (M, TA,) inf. n. اِبْيِضَاضٌ, (S, Msb,) It was, or became, white; (S, M, Msb;) contr. of اِسْوَدَّ; (K;) as also ↓ ابياضّ, inf. n. اِبْيِيضَاضٌ;. (S;) contr. of اِسْوَادَّ; (K;) and ↓ أَبَاضَ: which ↓ last also signifies it (herbage or pasture) became white, and dried up. (M, TA.) [You say also, ابيضّ وَجْهُهُ, lit., His face became white: meaning (tropical:) his face became expressive of joy, or cheerfulness; or he became joyful, or cheerful: and also his character became cleared; or his honesty, or the like, became manifested: see 2.]11 إِبْيَاْضَّ see 9.

بَيْضٌ: see بَيْضَةٌ, in three places.

بَيْضَةٌ An egg (Msb) of an ostrich, (Mgh,) and of any bird, (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) and the like, i. e. of anything that is termed صَمُوخٌ [or having merely an ear-hole] as distinguished from such as is termed أَذُونٌ [or having an ear that is called أُذُنٌ]: so called because of its whiteness: (TA:) n. un. of ↓ بَيْضٌ: (S, M, * Msb, K:) pl. [of the former] بَيْضَاتٌ (M, Sgh, K) and بَيَضَاتٌ, which latter is irreg., (M, Sgh,) and only used by poetic license; (Sgh;) and (of بَيْضٌ, M) بُيُوضٌ. (M, K.) You say, أَفْرَخَتِ البَيْضَةُ The egg had in it a young bird. (ISh.) And أَفْرَخَ بَيْضَةُ القَوْمِ (assumed tropical:) What was hidden, of the affair, or case, of the people, or company of men, became apparent. (ISh.) [See also art. فرخ.] بَيْضَةُ البَلَدِ signifies The egg which the ostrich abandons. (S, M, K.) And hence the saying, هُوَ أَذَلُّ مِنْ بَيْضَةِ البَلَدِ (tropical:) He is more abject, or vile, than the egg of the ostrich which it abandons (S, A, * K) in the desert. (TA.) You say also, هُوَ بَيْضَةُ البَلَدِ in dispraise and in praise. (IAar, Aboo-Bekr, M.) When said in dispraise, it means (tropical:) He is like the egg of the ostrich from which the young bird has come forth, and which the male ostrich has cast away, so that men and camels tread upon it: (IAar, M:) or he is alone, without any to aid him; like the egg from which the male ostrich has arisen, and which he has abandoned as useless: (TA:) or he is an obscure man, or one of no reputation, whose lineage is unknown. (Ham p. 250.) And when said in praise, it means (tropical:) He is like the ostrich's egg in which is the young bird; because the male ostrich in that case protects it: (IAar, M:) or he is unequalled in nobility; like the egg that is left alone: (M:) or he is a lord, or chief: (IAar, M:) or he is the unequalled of the بَلَد [or country or the like], to whom others resort, and whose words they accept: (K:) or he is a celebrated, or wellknown, person. (Ham p. 250.) [See also art. بلد. And for another meaning of بَيْضَةُ البَلَدِ see below.] b2: (tropical:) A helmet of iron, (AO, S, * M, * Mgh, * K, *) which is composed of plates like the bones of the skull, the edges whereof are joined together by nails; and sometimes of one piece: (AO:) so called because resembling in shape the egg of an ostrich: (AO, M, Mgh: *) in this sense, also, n. un. of ↓ بَيْضٌ. (S, K: [in the CK, for والحَدِيدُ we should read والحَدِيدِ.]) This may be meant in a trad. in which it is said that a man's hand is to be cut off for his stealing a بَيْضَة. (Mgh.) b3: (assumed tropical:) A testicle: (S, K:) pl. بِيضَانٌ. (TA.) b4: (tropical:) The bulb of the saffron-plant [&c.]: as resembling an egg in shape. (Mgh.) b5: (assumed tropical:) [A tuber: for the same reason.] b6: (assumed tropical:) A kind of grape of Et-Táïf, white and large. (M.) b7: (tropical:) The core of a boil: as resembling an egg. (M.) b8: (tropical:) The fat of a camel's hump: for the same reason. (M.) b9: بَيْضَةُ البَلَدِ, in addition to its meanings mentioned above, also signifies (assumed tropical:) The white truffle: (O, K:) or simply truffles; syn. الكَمْأَةُ; (TA;) or these are called الأَرْضِ ↓ بَيْضُ. (A.) b10: بَيْضَةٌ also signifies (tropical:) The continent, or container, or receptacle, (حَوْزَة,) of anything. (S, K, TA.) and [hence] بَيْضَةُ الإِسْلَامِ (tropical:) The place [or territory] which comprises El-Islám [meaning the Muslims]; like as the egg comprises the young bird: (Mgh:) or this signifies the congregation, or collective body, of the Muslims. (Az, M.) And بَيْضَةُ القَوْمِ (tropical:) The quarter, tract, region, or district, of the people, or company of men: (S, K:) the heart; or midst, or main part, of the abode thereof: (S, TA:) the principal place of abode (أَصْل) thereof; (M, TA;) the place that comprises them; the place of their government, or regal dominion; and the seat of their دعوة [i. e. دِعْوَة or kindred and brotherhood]: (TA:) the midst of them: (M:) or, as some say, their [kinsfolk such as are termed]

عَشِيرَة: (TA:) but when you say, أَتَاهُمُ العَدُوُّ فِى

بَيْضَتِهِمْ, the meaning is [the enemy came to them in] their principal place of abode (أَصْل), and the place where they were congregated. (TA.) and بَيْضَةُ الدَّارِ (tropical:) The midst of the country or place of abode or the like: (Az, M, TA:) the main part thereof. (TA.) And بَيْضَةُ المُلْكِ i. q. حَوْزَتُهُ (assumed tropical:) [The seat of regal power: or the heart, or principal part, of the kingdom]. (S and K in art. حوز.) b11: بَيْضَةُ الخِدْرِ (M, A, K) (tropical:) The damsel (M, K) of the خدر [or curtain &c.]: (K: [in the CK, جَارِيَتُهَا is erroneously put for جَارِيَتُهُ:]) because she is kept concealed within it. (TA.) You say also, هِىَ مِنْ بَيْضَاتِ الحِجَالِ (tropical:) [She is of the damsels of the curtained bridal canopies]. (A, TA.) بَيْضَةٌ is used by a metonymy to signify (tropical:) A woman, by way of likening her thereto [i. e. to an egg] in colour, and in respect of her being protected as beneath the wing. (B.) [See Kur xxxvii. 47.] b12: بَيْضَةٌ also signifies (assumed tropical:) White land, in which is no herbage; opposed to سَوْدَةٌ: (TA:) and ↓ بِيضَةٌ, with kesr, white, smooth land; (K;) thus accord. to IAar, with kesr to the ب: (Sh:) and ↓ أَرْضٌ بَيْضَآءُ signifies smooth land, in which is no herbage; as though herbage blackened land: or untrodden land: as also بَيْضَةٌ. (M.) b13: بَيْضَةُ النَّهَارِ The whiteness of day; [daylight;] i. q. ↓ بَيَاضُهُ; (K;) i. e. its light. (Har p. 222.) Yousay, أَتَيْتُهُ فِى بَيْضَةِ النَّهَارِ I came to him in the whiteness of day. (TA.) b14: بَيْضَةُ الحِرِّ (assumed tropical:) The vehemence, or intenseness, of heat. (M.) And بَيْضَةُ القَيْظِ (tropical:) The most vehement, or intense, heat of summer, or of the hottest period of summer, from the [auroral] rising of الدَّبَرَان to that of سُهَيْل; [i. e., reckoning for the commencement of the era of the Flight, in central Arabia, from about the 26th of May to about the 4th of August, O. S.;] (A, * TA;) as also القَيْظِ ↓ بَيْضَآءُ. (A, TA.) And بَيْضَةُ الصَّيْفِ (assumed tropical:) The main part of the صيف [or summer]: (M, TA:) or the vehement, or intense, heat thereof. (Ham p. 250.) بَيضَةٌ: see بَيْضَةٌ, in the latter part of the paragraph.

بَيَاضٌ Whiteness; contr. of سَوَادٌ; in an animal, and in a plant, and in other things; and, accord. to IAar, in water also; (M;) the colour of that which is termed أَبْيَضُ: (S, Msb, * K:) they said بَيَاضٌ and ↓ بَيَاضَةٌ, (S, M, K,) like as they said مَنْزِلٌ and مَنْزِلَةٌ: (S:) بَيَاضَةٌ being applied to a whiteness in the eye. (M.) You say, هٰذَا أَشَدُّ بَيَاضًا مِنْ كَذَا [This is whiter than such a thing]: (S, K: *) but not ↓ أَبْيَضُ منْهُ: (S:) the latter is anomalous; (K;) [like أَسْوَدُ مِنْهُ; q. v.;] but it was said by the people of El-Koofeh, (S, K,) who adduced as authority the saying of the rájiz, جَارِيَةٌ فِى دِرْعِهَا الفَضْفَاضِ

أَبْيَضُ مِنْ أُخْتِ بَنِى إِبَاضِ [A damsel in her ample shift, whiter than the sister of the tribe of Benoo-Ibád]: Mbr, however, says that an anomalous verse is no evidence against a rule commonly approved: and as to the saying of another, إِذَا الرِّجَالُ شَتَوْا وَاشْتَدَّ أَكْلُهُمُ فَأَنْتَ أَبْيَضُهُمْ سِرْبَالَ طَبَّاخِ [When men experience dearth in winter, and their eating becomes vehement, thou art the whitest of them, or rather the white of them, in respect of cook's clothing, having little or nothing to do with entertaining them], the word in question may be considered as an epithet of the measure أَفْعَلُ that is followed by مِنْ to denote excess: but it is only like the instances in the sayings هُوَ أَحْسَنُهُمْ وَجْهًا and أَكْرَمُهُمْ أَبًا, meaning حَسَنُهُمْ وَجْهًا and كَرِيِمُهُمْ

أَبًا; so it is as though he said فَأَنْتَ مُبْيَضُّهُمْ سِرْبَالًا; and as he has prefixed it to a complement which it governs in the gen. case, what follows is in the accus. case as a specificative. (S.) This latter verse is by Tarafeh, who satirizes therein 'Amr Ibn-Hind; and is also differently related in respect of the first hemistich, and the first word of the second. (L, TA.) b2: بَيَاضُ النَّهَارِ: see 3; and see بَيْضَةٌ, near the end of the paragraph. b3: بَيَاضٌ is also used elliptically for ذُو بَيَاضٍ; and thus means (assumed tropical:) White clothing; as in the saying, فُلَانٌ يَلْبَسُ السَّوَادَ وَالبَيَاضَ Such a one wears black and white clothing. (Mgh.) [Hence, also, it has other significations, here following.] b4: (assumed tropical:) Milk. (K.) See an ex., voce سَوَادٌ. b5: [(assumed tropical:) The white of an egg.] b6: بَيَاضُ الأَرْضِ (assumed tropical:) That part of land wherein is no cultivation nor population and the like. (M.) b7: بَيَاضُ الجِلْدِ (assumed tropical:) That part of the skin upon which is no hair. (M.) b8: (tropical:) بَيَاضٌ also signifies (tropical:) A man's person; like سَوَادٌ; syn. شَخْصٌ; as in the saying, لَا يُزَايِلُ سَوَادِى بَيَاضَكَ (tropical:) My person will not separate itself from thy person. (As, A, TA.) بَيُوضٌ A hen that lays many eggs; (S, M, A, * K; *) as also ↓ بَيَّاضَةٌ: (M:) [but in the Msb it is evidently used as signifying simply oviparous:] pl. (of the former, S, M *) بُيُضٌ (S, M, A, K) and بِيضٌ, (S, M, K,) the latter in the dial. of those who say رُسْلٌ for رُسُلٌ, the ب being with kesr in order that the ى may remain unchanged; (S, M;) but sometimes they said بُوضٌ. (M.) بَيَاضَةٌ: see بَيَاضٌ.

بَائِضٌ A hen, (Az, K,) or bird, (S, Msb,) and the like, (Msb,) laying an egg or eggs: (Az, S, * Msb, K: *) without ة because the cock does not lay eggs: (Az, TA:) or it is applied also to a cock, (M, TA,) and to a crow, (M, A, TA,) [as meaning begetting an egg or eggs,] in like manner as one uses the word وَالِدٌ. (M, TA.) بَيَّاضٌ A bleacher of clothes; as a kind of rel. n.; not as a verbal epithet; for were it this, it would be مُبَيِّضٌ. (M.) b2: A seller of eggs. (M.) b3: بَيَّاضَةٌ: see بَيُوضٌ.

أَبْيَضُ White; contr. of أَسْوَدُ; (A, K;) having whiteness: (Msb:) fem. بَيْضَآءُ: (Msb:) pl. بِيضٌ, originally بُيْضٌ, (S, Msb, K,) the damm being converted into kesr in order that the ى may remain unchanged, (S, K,) [i. e.] to suit the ى. (Msb.) In the phrase أَعْطِنِى أَبْيَضَّهْ, mentioned by Sb, as used by some of the Arabs, meaning أَبْيَضَ, [i. e. Give thou to me a white one,] ه is subjoined as it is in هُنَّهْ for هُنَّ, and the ض is doubled because the letter of declinability cannot have ه subjoined to it; wherefore the letter of declinability is the first ض, and the second is the augmentative, and for this reason it has subjoined to it the ه whereof the purpose is to render plainly perceivable the vowel [which is necessarily added after the doubled ض]: Aboo-'Alee says, [app. of the ه,] that it should properly have neither fet-h nor any vowel. (M.) b2: Applied to a man &c., it was sometimes used to signify White in complexion: but in this sense they generally used the epithet أَحْمَرُ. (IAth, TA in art. حمر.) They also said, فُلَانٌ أَبْيَضُ الوَجْهِ and فُلَانَةُ بَيْضَآءُ الوَجْهِ, meaning Such a man, and such a woman, is clear, in face, from freckles or the like, and unseemly blackness. (Az, TA.) And they used بِيضَانٌ, (S, K,) a pl. of أَبْيَضُ, (TA,) in the contr. of the sense of سُودَانٌ, (S, K,) [i. e. as signifying Whites,] applied to men: (S:) though they applied the appellation أَبُو البَيْضَآءِ to the Abyssinian: (TA in art. عور:) or to the negro: and أَبُو الجَوْنِ to the white man. (ISk.) But accord. to Th, أَبْيَضُ applied to a man signifies only (tropical:) Pure; free from faults: (IAth, TA in art. حمر:) or, so applied, unsullied in honour, nobility, or estimation; (Az, K;) free from faults; and generous: and so بَيْضَآءُ applied to a woman. (Az.) [In the lexicons, however, (see, for ex., among countless other instances, an explanation of بَضَّةٌ in the S,) and in other post-classical works, it is generally used, when thus applied, in its proper sense, of White; or fair in complexion.] b3: كَتِيبَةٌ بَيْضَآءُ An army, or a portion thereof, upon which the whiteness of the [arms or armour of] iron is apparent. (M.) b4: And بَيْضَآءُ alone, [as a subst.,] A piece of paper [without writing]. (Har p. 311.) b5: الأَبْيَضُ The sword: (S, A, K:) because of its whiteness: (TA:) pl. بِيضٌ. (S.) b6: Silver: (A, K:) because of its whiteness: like as gold is called الأَحْمَرُ [because of its redness]. (TA.) b7: The saliva (رضاب) of the mouth. (Ham p. 348.) b8: A certain star in the margin of the milky way. (A, K.) b9: البَيْضَآءُ The sun: because of its whiteness. (M.) b10: Waste, or uncultivated, or uninhabited, land: (K, * TA: [in the CK الجِرابُ is erroneously put for الخَرَابُ:]) opposed to السَّوْدَآءُ: because dead lands are white; and when planted, become black and green. (TA.) See also بَيْضَةٌ, near the end. b11: Wheat: (K:) as also السَّمْرَآءُ. (TA.) b12: Fresh [grain of the kind called] سُلْت. (El-Khattábee, K.) b13: A certain kind of wood; that which is called الحَوَرُ: (K in art. حور:) because of its whiteness. (TA in that art.) [See حَوَرٌ.]

b14: The cooking-pot; as also أُمُّ بَيْضَآءَ. (AA, K.) b15: The snare with which one catches game. (IAar, K.) b16: الأَبْيَضَانِ Milk and water. (ISk, S, M, A, K.) A poet says, وَمَا لِىَ إِلَّا الأَبْيَضَيْنِ شَرَابُ [And I have not any beverage except milk and water]. (ISk, S, M.) b17: Bread and water: (As, M, K:) or wheat and water: (Fr, K:) or fat and milk. (AO, K.) b18: Fat and youthfulness (Az, IAar, M, A, K.) You say, ذَهَبَ أَبْيَضَاهُ His fat and youthfulness departed. (TA.) b19: مَا رَأَيْتُهُ مُذْ أَبْيَضَانِ I have not seen him for, or during, two days: (Ks, M, A, K:) or two months. (Ks, M, K.) b20: أَيَّامُ البِيضِ, (Msb, K,) or simply البِيضُ, (Mgh,) for أَيَّامُ اللَّيَالِى البِيضِ; [The days of the white nights;] i. e. the days of the thirteenth and fourteenth and fifteenth nights of the month; (Mgh, Msb, K;) so called because they are lighted by the moon throughout: (Msb:) or of the twelfth and thirteenth and fourteenth nights: (K:) but this is of weak authority, and extr.: the former is the correct explanation: (MF, TA:) you should not say الأَيَّامُ البِيضُ: (Ibn-El-Jawá- leekee, IB, K:) yet thus it is in most relations of a trad. in which it occurs; and some argue for it; and the author of the K has himself explained الأَوَاضِحُ by الأَيَّامُ البِيضُ. (TA.) b21: سَنَةٌ بَيْضَآءُ (assumed tropical:) A year [of scarcity of herbage,] such as is a mean between that which is termed شَهْبَآء and that which is termed حَمْرَآء. (TA in art. شهب.) b22: كَلَامٌ

أَبْيَضُ (tropical:) Language expounded or explained. (M.) b23: كَلَّمْتُهُ فَمَا رَدَّ عَلَىَّ سَوْدَآءَ وَلَا بَيْضَآءَ (tropical:) I spoke to him, and he did not return to me a bad word nor a good one. (M.) b24: يَدٌ بَيْضَآءُ (assumed tropical:) A demonstrating, or demonstrated, argument, plea, allegation, or evidence. (M.) b25: And (assumed tropical:) A favour, or benefit, for which one is not reproached; and which is conferred without its being asked. (M.) [See also يَدٌ.] b26: المَوْتُ الأَبْيَضُ (assumed tropical:) Sudden death; (K, TA;) such as is not preceded by disease which alters the complexion: or, as some say, death without the repentance, and the prayer for forgiveness, and the accomplishment of necessary duties, usual with him who is not taken unawares; from بَيَّضَ signifying “ he emptied ” a vessel: so says Sgh: opposed to المَوْتُ الأَحْمَرُ, which is slaughter. (TA.) b27: بَيْضَآءُ also signifies (assumed tropical:) A calamity, or misfortune: (Sgh, K:) app. as a term of good omen; like سَلِيمٌ applied to one who is stung by a scorpion or bitten by a serpent. (TA.) b28: بَيْضَآءُ القَيْظِ: see بَيْضَةٌ, last sentence but one.

A2: هٰذَا أَبْيَضُ مِنْ كَذَا; &c.: see بَيَاضٌ.

مَبِيضٌ A place for laying eggs. (ISd, TA in art. فحص.) مُبِيضَةٌ A woman who brings forth white children: the contr. is termed مُسْوِدَةٌ: (Fr, K:) but مُوضِحَةٌ is more commonly used in the former sense. (O.) مُبْيَضَّةٌ The fair copy, or transcript, made from a first rough draught; which latter is called مُسْوَدَّةٌ: probably post-classical.]

مُبَيِّضٌ A man wearing white clothing. (TA.) b2: Hence, المُبَيِّضَةُ A sect of [the class called] the ثَنَوِيَّة, (S, K,) the companions of المُقَنَّع; (S;) so called because they made their clothes white, in contradistinction to the مُسَوِّدَة, the partisans of the dynasty of the 'Abbásees; (S, K, *) for the distinction of these was black: they dwelt in Kasr 'Omeyr. (TA.) [See also الحَرُورِيَّةُ.]