ملح

1 مَلَحَتْ فُلَانَةٌ لِفُلَانٍ, (aor.

مَلَحَ and مَلُحَ, L,) (tropical:) Such a woman suckled, or gave suck, for such a one. (A, L.) b2: مَلَحْنَا لِفُلَانٍ, inf. n. مَلْحٌ, (S,) We [meaning the wife of one of us] suckled, or gave suck, for such a one: (As, L:) or we suckled such a one. (S.) b3: مَلَحَ الوَلَدَ [app. He caused the child to be suckled;] syn. with أَرْضَعَهُ. (K.) [See أَرْضَعَ.] b4: مَلُحَ; (L;) and ↓ ملّح, inf. n. تَمْلِيحٌ; and ↓ تملّح; (L, K;) the last said to be formed by transposition from تحلّم; but ISd, sees no reason for this assertion; (L;) (tropical:) He (a camel. L,) became fat. (L, K.) ↓ ملّحت she (a camel destined for slaughter) became fat: (El-Umawee, S:) or, became a little fat: (K:) She (a camel) became fat in a small degree. (L.) Also ↓ تملّحت (tropical:) They (lizards such as are called ضِبَاب) became fat; as also تحلّمت. (L.) A2: مَلُحَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. مُلُوحَةٌ (S, Msb, K) and مَلَاحَةٌ; (K;) this form of the verb is of the dial. of the people of El-'Áliyeh; (Msb;) and مَلَحَ, aor. ـُ (S, Msb, K,) inf. n. مُلُوحٌ; (S, Msb;) and مَلَحَ, aor. ـَ (IAar, K;) and ↓ املح, inf. n. إِمْلَاحٌ, of the dial. of El-Hijáz; (Msb;) It (water) was salt: (S, Msb, K:) or ↓ املح signifies it became salt, having been sweet. (K.) b2: مَلُحَ, aor. ـُ (S, Msb, K,) inf. n. مَلَاحَةٌ (S, Msb) and مُلُوحَةٌ (S) and مِلْحٌ, the first of which is the most common, and the last the least common, (TA,) (tropical:) It (a thing, S, Msb) was, or became, goodly, beautiful, or pretty; (S, Msb, K;) and beautiful of colour; or beautiful and bright; (Msb;) pleasing to the eye or ear; facetious. (The lexicons passim.) b3: مَلَحَ القِدْرَ, aor. ـَ and مَلِحَ, (S, Msb, K,) inf. n. مَلْحٌ, (S, Msb,) He put salt into the cooking-pot: (K:) or put a proper quantity of salt into it: (S, A, Msb:) and accord. to Sb, ↓ ملّح and ↓ املح signify the same as مَلَحَ: (ISd:) or مَلَّحَهَا, inf. n. تَمْلِيحٌ, and أَمْلَحَهَا, signify he put much salt into it, (S, Msb, K,) so that it [meaning its contents] became spoiled. (S, A.) b4: مَلَحَ, (S, K,) inf. n. مَلْحٌ; (S;) and ↓ ملّح, inf. n. تَمْليحٌ; (TA;) He fed camels or sheep or goats with salt earth, (S, K,) or with earth and salt, the salt being more in quantity. (TA.) This is done when the animals cannot procure plants of the kind called حَمْض. (S.) b5: مَلَحَ, aor. ـَ and مَلِحَ, (K,) inf. n. مَلْحٌ; and ↓ ملّح; He salted fish. (K.) b6: مَلَحَ; aor. ـَ inf. n. مَلْحٌ, He salted flesh-meat, and a skin, or hide. (L.) b7: Also ↓ ملّحهُ, inf. n. تَمْلِيحٌ, He rubbed his (a camel's, or sheep's, or goat's,) palate with salt. (TA.) b8: مَلِحَ, aor. ـَ inf. n. مَلَحٌ, (tropical:) He, or it, (a man, &c.,) was blue, or gray, [see مُلْحَةٌ,] in such a degree as to incline to whiteness; (Msb;) as also ↓ إِمْلَحَّ, inf. n. إِمْلِحَاحٌ; and ↓ أَمْلَحَ. (TA.) b9: Also, (tropical:) He was black, with whiteness overspreading his hair: or, of a dusty white colour: or, of a clear white colour: (Msb:) [and in like manner,] ↓ إِمْلَحَّ, inf. n. إِمْلِحَاحٌ, he (a ram) was of a white colour intermixed with black. (S, K.) A3: مَلِحَ, aor. ـَ inf. n. مَلَحٌ, He (a horse) had the kind of swelling called مَلَحٌ. (TA.) 2 مَلَّحَ See 1, in six places. b2: ملّح (tropical:) He (a poet) produced, or said, something goodly, beautiful, pretty, [or facetious]: (S, K:) and ↓ املح he produced, or said, a goodly, beautiful, or pretty, [or a facetious,] word, or saying, or speech. (Lth.) 3 مَالَحْتُ فُلَانًا, (A,) inf. n. مُمَالَحَةٌ, (S, A, K,) (tropical:) I ate with such a one. (S, A, K.) Abu-l-Kásim Er-Zejjájee disapproves of this, saying that a verb of this form is only derived from an inf. n., as in the cases of ضَارَبَ and قَاتَلَ; whereas this is derived from مِلْحٌ, a subst. [But his objection seems to me invalid: this may be an anomalous instance, and yet of classical authority, like many others.] b2: مَالَحَهُ, inf. n. مُمَالَحَةٌ and مِلَاحٌ, (tropical:) He was, or became, his foster-brother. (L, TA.) [المِلَاحُ is explained in the K by المُرَاضَعَةُ: Lth explaines it by الرَّضَاعُ, as is mentioned in the TA: المُمَالَحَةُ is explained in the A, Mgh, L, and other lexicons by المُرَاضَعَةُ: in the copies of the K in my hands, by الرَّضَاعُ; and so in one copy of the S: in another copy of the S written الرِّضَاعُ; and in another الرّضَاع, without any vowel to the ر: الرضَاعُ, syn. with المُرَاضَعَةُ, is evidently the right reading.] Abu-l-Kásim Er-Zejjájee disapproves of the verb used as signifying the act of two men's sucking each other; [but this is not what is meant by المراضعة;] and pronounces it a post-classical word. (TA.) Yousay بَيْنَهُمَا حُرْمَةُ المُمَالَحَةِ Between them two is the sacred or inviolable bond, or obligation, which is the consequence of their being fosterbrothers. (A.) 4 أَمْلَحَ See 1, in four places, and 2. b2: املح القَوْمُ (assumed tropical:) The people possessed milk; (tropical:) the people had fat camels or other beasts. (L.) b3: املح (tropical:) He (a camel) carried fat; (L;) [meaning was fat]. املح القِدْرَ (tropical:) He put some fat [which is termed مِلْح] into the cookingpot. (AA.) A2: املح الإِبِلَ He gave the camels salt water to drink. (K.) b2: املحت الإِبِلُ The camels came to salt water to drink. (S.) b3: مَا أَمَيْلِحَ زَيْدًا (tropical:) [How very goodly, or beautiful, or pretty, is Zeyd! a diminutive form, meant to denote the contrary of the sense of a dim., being what is termed تَصْغِيرُ تَعْظِيمٍ, from مَا أَمْلَحَهُ:] (T, S, K:) the verb is here put into the dim. form, being meant to be used as an epithet, as though they said مُلَيْحٌ: (T:) it is the only instance of a verb put into this form, except مَا أُحَيْسِنَهُ, (S, K,) and, as some say, مَا أُحَيْلَاهُ. (TA.) This is said accord. to the doctrine of the Basrees, who assert the افعل of wonder to be a verb: but as to the Koofees, who say that it is a noun, [meaning an epithet,] they allow the formation of the dim. from it without restriction; and from its admitting the dim. form, they argue that it is a noun. (MF.) b4: مَا أَمْلَحَ وَجْهَهُ, and فِعْلَهُ, (tropical:) How goodly, beautiful, or pretty, is his face! and how good is his action! (A.) b5: أَمْلِحْنِى بِنَفَسِكَ (tropical:) Grace me, or recommend me, (زَيِّنِّى,) [by thy speech]. (T, L.) 5 تَمَلَّحَ See 1, in two places. b2: فُلَانٌ يَتَظَرَّفُ وَيَتَمَلَّحُ (tropical:) [Such a one affects to be clever, or graceful, and to be goodly, beautiful, pretty, or facetious]. (A.) 9 إِمْلَحَّ See 1, in two places.10 استملحهُ (assumed tropical:) He esteemed him, or it, goodly, beautiful, or pretty; (S, K;) [pleasing to the eye or ear: (the lexicons passim:)] or found him, or it, to be so (TA.) مَلْحٌ: see مِلْحٌ.

مِلْحٌ (S, M, K) and ↓ مَلْحٌ (M) (tropical:) The act of sucking the mother or any nurse; syn. رَضَاعٌ; (S, M, K;) a child's sucking its mother. (Abu-l- Kásim Ez-Zejjájee.) b2: مِلْحٌ (tropical:) Milk. (IAar.) The following verse of Abu-t-Tamahán, who had some camels, of the milk whereof he gave to drink to a people that afterwards made an attack upon them, and took them, is cited by As, [app., accord. to the S, as an ex. of ملح in the sense of رَضَاع; but as MF observes, it may be taken as an ex. of that word in the sense of milk;] وِإِنِّى لَأَرْجُو مِلْحَهَا فِى بُطُونِكُمْ وَمَا بَسَطَتْ مِنْ جِلدِ أَشْعَثَ أَغْبَرَا (S, L.) The poet says, Verily I hope that ye may regard (أَنْ تَرْعَوْا [which is understood]) the milk which ye have drank, of these camels, [lit., their milk in your bellies,] and the skins which they have expanded, of a people with matted and dusty hair, and of a dusty hue; as though their skins had dried up, and they had fattened upon them. [Another explanation will be noticed below.] IB says, that the last word should be read أَغْبَرِ, for the sake of the rhyme; for each verse of the poem to which it belongs ends with kesreh. (L.) A2: مِلْحٌ a thing well known, (S, K,) [Salt;] that with which food is made pleasant: (L:) of the fem. gender (Z) generally; (O;) sometimes masc.: (K:) pl. مِلَاحٌ. (Msb.) Dim.

مُلَيْحَةٌ. (Msb.) b2: مَآءٌ مِلْحٌ, (S, K, &c.,) originally ↓ مَلِحْ, from the verb مَلُحَ, like خَشِنٌ from خَشُنَ, contracted because of the frequency of its usage; (Msb;) and ↓ ماء مَلِيحٌ, (K,) and ↓ مَالِحٌ; (IAar, ADk, Az;) [respecting which last, see what will be found after the explanation;] Salt water. (S, K, &c.) J says, that مَاء مالح is not allowable, except in a bad dial.: but Az says, that, though rarely found in the language of the Arabs, it is not to be rejected; and IB says, that it occurs in verses of chaste poets; and may be considered as used after the manner of a rel. n., [meaning ذُو مِلْحٍ,] like رَجُلٌ تَارِسٌ, i. e. ذُو تُرْسٍ, and دَارِعٌ, i. e. ذُو دِرْعٍ: (TA:) it is a chaste word, of the dial. of El-Hijáz, but extr., being from أَمْلَحَ المَآءُ, like as you say بَاقِلٌ from أَبْقَلَ المَوْضِعُ; and when it is said that it is rare, it is meant that it is not agreeable with its verb, not that it is rare with respect to usage, seeing that it is of the dial. of the people of El-Hijáz, who selected the most chaste words of the various dialects: or it is regularly formed from مَلَحَ المَأءُ, a form of the verb sometimes used. (Msb.) The pl. of مِلْحٌ is مِلْحَةٌ and مِلَاحٌ and مِلَحٌ: (L, K:) and sometimes is said أَمْوَاهٌ مِلْحٌ salt waters; and رَكِيَّةٌ مِلْحَةٌ a salt well. (L.) b3: مِلَاحٌ Salt waters. (T, K.) ↓ قَلِيبٌ مَليِحٌ A well of salt water: (S, K:) pl. أَقْلِبَةٌ مِلَاحٌ, occurring in a verse of 'Antarah. (S.) b4: مِلْحٌ (assumed tropical:) Knowledge; science; learning; syn. عِلْمٌ. (IKh, Kz, K.) b5: (assumed tropical:) Men of science; learned men; syn. عُلَمَآءُ. (IKh, Kz, K.) b6: (tropical:) Goodliness, or beauty. (K.) [Accord. to the TA, it is an inf. n.: see مَلُحَ.] b7: (tropical:) Fat, as a subst. (Sh, K.) b8: (tropical:) Fatness: (K:) or a small degree of fatness. (TA.) b9: مِلْحٌ and ↓ مِلْحَةٌ (tropical:) A sacred or inviolable bond, or the like, or any compact, bond, or obligation, which one is under an obligation to respect, or honour, or the cancelling or breaking of which renders one obnoxious to blame; syn. حُرْمَةٌ and ذِمَامٌ; and a compact, or confederacy; syn. حِلْفٌ. (K.) In some copies of the K, for حِلْفٌ is put حَلفٌ. (TA.) b10: Accord. to Aboo-Sa'eed, this is the signification of the former word in the verse of Abu-t-Tamahán cited above, and the poet means, I hope that God may punish you for your perfidious violation of the sacred obligation to their owner, which they imposed upon you. Yousay بَيْنَ فُلَانٍ وَفُلَانٍ مِلْحٌ, and ↓ مِلْحَةٌ, There is a sacred or inviolable bond, &c., between such a one and such a one. [This meaning is derived from مِلْحٌ as signifying “ salt; ” the eating of which with another imposes upon the two parties a sacred mutual obligation.] The Arabs, says Abu-l-'Abbás, pay a high respect to salt and fire and ashes. (L.) [You say,] مِلْحُهُ عَلَى رُكْبَتِهِ, so in the copies of the K, but correctly على رُكْبَتَيْهِ, as in all the other lexicons, (TA,) (tropical:) [lit., His salt is upon his knees;] meaning he has no good faith, so as to fulfil his promises, or engagements: (K:) or he has little good faith, so as to fulfil his promises, &c., for the Arabs swear by salt, and by water, because of their respect for them: (IAar:) or he violates the obligation imposed by such, the smallest thing making him forget it, like as the least thing scatters salt if a person puts it upon his knees: (T:) or he is fat: (K:) As says, that in the following verse, لَا تَلُمْهَا إِنَّهَا مِنْ نِسْوَةٍ

مِلْحُهَا مَوْضُوعَةٌ فَوْقَ الرُّكَبْ [Blame her not; for she is of women whose fat is placed above the knees;] the woman meant was of the people called Ez-Zenj, whose fat is in their thighs, and ملحها signifies their fat: (TA:) or he is sharp in his anger: (K:) or he is of evil disposition, rendered angry by the least thing; like as salt upon the knee is scattered by the least thing: (T:) or he is frequently engaged in altercation; as though his knees were much wounded by his long kneeling in altercation, and by his long striking his knees against those of another, and he therefore put salt upon them to cure them. (A.) [See also رُكْبَةٌ.]

A3: نَبْتٌ مِلْحٌ, and ↓ مَالِحٌ, A plant of the kind called حَمْضٌ. (ISk, S.) مَلَحٌ: see مُلْحَةٌ. b2: A certain disease and fault in the kind leg of a beast of carriage; (TA;) a swelling in the hock, or hock-tendon, (عُرْقُوب,) of a horse; (S, K;) less than what is called جَرَذٌ; which is a name given to it when it has become violent. (S.) مَلِحٌ: see مِلْحٌ.

مَلْحَةٌ (tropical:) A single feed taken by a child from the breast. مَلْجَةٌ, with ج, signifies a single suck. (TA.) A2: مَلْحَةٌ The main body of the sea; or the fathomless deep of the sea; or a great expanse of sea of which the extremities cannot be seen. (K.) مُلْحَةٌ (S, K) and ↓ مَلَحٌ (K) (tropical:) A white colour intermixed with black: (S, K:) whiteness overspreading blackness in the human hair, and in anything: or a dusty white colour: or a clear white colour: or whiteness inclining to any kind of redness; like the colour of the antelope. (L.) [See also أَمْلَحُ.] b2: Also, مُلْحَةٌ (tropical:) The utmost degree of blueness or grayness, [app. meaning the latter, from مِلْحٌ as signifying “ salt,” as salt in the state in which it is commonly used in Arabia is of a pale gray colour,] أَشَدُّ الزَّرقِ: (K:) or blueness, or grayness, (زُرْقَة,) of such a degree as to incline to whiteness. (S.) [See أَمْلَحُ.] b3: مُلْحَةٌ (tropical:) A goodly, beautiful, pretty, or facetious, story, or narrative, and word, or saying, or speech; a bon-mot; (L;) وَاحِدَةُ المُلَحِ مِنَ الأَحَادِيثِ; (S, K;) [what is deemed beautiful, elegant, facetious, or the like, of stories, &c.: (Ibr D:) and so ↓ أُمْلُوحَةٌ, coupled with أُفْكُوهَةٌ in art. فكه in the TA:] also said to signify a bad, an abominable, or a foul, word, saying, or speech; a meaning taken from a trad. of 'Áïsheh, who applied this term [perhaps ironically] to a bad answer which she had given in consequence of her having misunderstood a question put to her: (L:) pl. مُلَحٌ. (S, K.) As said نِلْتُ بِالمُلَحِ [I have attained to the station, or rank, to which I have attained by means of goodly, or facetious, sayings, &c.] (S.) حَدَّثْتُهُ بِالمُلَحِ (tropical:) [I related to him goodly, beautiful, pretty, or facetious, stories.] (A.) b4: [A curiosity, an extraordinary thing.]

مِلْحَةٌ: see مِلْحٌ.

مَلْحَانُ: see مِلْحَانُ. b2: [A sucker: see مَصَّانٌ in art. مص.]

مِلْحَانُ, (S, K,) sometimes written ↓ مَلْحَانُ, (TA, art. شيب, voce شِيبَانُ,) [written in both these ways in a copy of the S in my hands,] (tropical:) A name given to one of the winter-months, because of the whiteness of its snow: (S:) the month called Jumáda-l-Ákhireh, جُمَادَى الآخِرَةٌ, (K,) [in the old Arabian calendar;] because of its whiteness; Jumáda-l-Oolà, جُمَادَى الأُولَى, being called شِيبَانُ: or this was a name of Kánoon el-Owwal, كَانُونُ الأَوَّلُ; (TA;) and مِلْحَانُ was Kánoon eth-Thánee, كَانُونُ الثَّانِى: (K, TA:) [but see شِيبَانُ:] or شِيبَانُ and مِلْحَانُ were names applied to the days when the earth was white with hoar-frost, or rime. ('Amr Ibn-Abee-'Amr, Az.) مُلَاحٌ: see مَلِيحٌ.

مَلِيحٌ and ↓ مُلَاحٌ and ↓ مُلَّاحٌ, (S, K,) but the last signifies more than the first, (T, S,) (tropical:) Goodly; beautiful; pretty; (S, Msb, K;) and beautiful of colour; or beautiful and bright; (Msb;) pleasing to the eye or ear; facetious: (the lexicons passim:) fem. of the first with ة: (Msb:) pl. of the same, مِلَاحٌ and أَمْلَاحٌ; (AA, S, K;) and of مُلَاحٌ, مُلَاحُونَ; and of مُلَّاحٌ, مُلَّاحُونَ. (K.) b2: See مِلْحٌ. b3: [Facetious speech.] b4: One in whose counsel, or advice, one seeks a remedy; acc. to AA: hence the phrase قريش ملح الناس: acc. to some, one with whom one finds, or esteems, it pleasant to sit and converse. (IB, in TA, voce نِقَابٌ.) b5: أَبُو المَلِيحِ [the bird Sifrid]: see صِفْرِدٌ.

مِلَاحَةٌ and ↓ مَلَّاحِيَّةٌ: see مَلَّاحٌ.

مُلَاحِىٌّ, sometimes written مُلَّاحِىٌّ, (S, K,) occurring in poetry written in the latter manner, (S,) A kind of white, long-shaped, grape: (S, K:) so called from [the colour termed] المُلْحَة; (S;) or from the [plant called] مُلَّاح, because of its taste. (AHn.) b2: Also, A kind of fig, (K,) small, of the colour termed أَمْلَح, very sweet, and which is dried. (TA.) b3: Also, A species of the tree called أَرَاك in which is whiteness and redness and the colour termed شُهْبَة. (AHn, K.) مَلَّاحٌ A seller of salt: or a possessor of salt: (IAar, K:) as also ↓ مُتَمَلِّحٌ: (K:) which also signifies one who provides himself with salt for travelling-provision: or a trader in salt. (TA.) b2: مَلَّاحٌ A sailor; a shipman; a seaman, or mariner: (T, S, K:) so called because constantly upon the salt water. (T.) b3: Also, One who constantly attends to a river (نَهْر; in some copies of the K, بَحْر; TA) to put its mouth into a right or proper state. (K.) b4: His occupation is called ↓ مِلَاحَةٌ and ↓ مَلَّاحِيَّةٌ. (K.) مُلَّاحٌ: see مَلِيحٌ. b2: [A coll. gen. n.] A certain plant, (S, K,) of the kind called حَمْضٌ; (Lth, T, S;) a leguminous garden-plant; n. un. with ة; it is a tender plant, with a salt flavour, growing in smooth, or soft, and depressed, tracts of land: (T:) a herb of the kind called حَمْض, having twigs and leaves, growing in tracts such as are called قِفَاف, of a salt flavour, wholesome to camels and sheep: (M:) a plant like the قُلَّام, in which is a red hue, eaten with milk, bearing grain which is collected like as is that of the فَثّ, and made into bread, and eaten: so says AHn, and he adds, I think that it is thus called because of its colour; not because of its taste: and in another place he says, that the مُلَّاح is the raceme of the كَبَاث of the أَرَاك; thus called because of its taste, which is hot, as though containing salt. (M.) [Suœda baccata. Forsk., Flor., 69. (Freytag.)]

مَلَّاحَةٌ (S, K) and ↓ مَمْلَحَةٌ (K) A place where salt is generated. (S, K.) مَلَّاحِيَّةٌ: see مَلَّاحٌ.

مَالِحٌ: see مِلْحٌ and مَمْلُوحٌ.

أَمْلَحُ (tropical:) A ram, (S, K,) and a he-goat, (S,) of a white colour intermixed with black: (S, K:) any hair, and wool, and the like, in which are whiteness and blackness: (TA:) that in which are whiteness and blackness, the former colour predominating: (Az, Ks and others:) or of a dusty white colour: or of a clear white colour: (Msb:) fem. مَلْحَآءُ; applied to a ewe of a white colour intermixed with black: (K:) or black, with its hair pervaded by whiteness. (TA.) Aboo-Dhubyán Ibn-Er-Raabal employs املح as one of four epithets which he applies to those old men most hateful to him. (S.) b2: Also, (tropical:) Blue, or gray, [see مُلْحَةٌ,] in such a degree as to incline to whiteness; an epithet applied to a man, &c. (Msb) أَمْلَحٌ العَيْنِ Having the eye of that colour. (S.) b3: Hence, كَتِيبَةٌ مَلْحَآءُ [meaning (tropical:) An army, or a troop of horse, appearing of a white and black, or gray, hue, by reason of their glittering weapons; see also كتيبة شَهْبَآءُ]: (S:) or one that is white and great: (TA:) or, great. (K.) b4: أَمْلَحُ (assumed tropical:) Dew that falls in the night upon leguminous plants: so called because of its whiteness. (L.) Er-Rá'ee says, describing some camels, أَقَامَتْ بِهِ حَدَّ الرَّبِيعِ وَجَارُهَا

أَخُو سَلْوَةٍ مَسَّى بِهِ اللَّيْلُ أَمْلَحُ meaning [by املح] dew: [They remained in it during the period of the season called الربيع, and their preserver from thirst was attended by comfort, being dew brought by the night]: he says, they remained in that place during the days of the season called الربيع, and while the dew lasted, so that he was (فَهُوَ [but this appears to be a mistake for فَهِىَ, “so that they were,”]) in a comfortable state of life: and he says مسّى به because the dew falls in the night: (S, L:) by جارها he means the night-dew which preserved them from thirst. (L.) b5: المَلْحَآءُ was also the name of a particular troop belonging to the family of ElMundhir, (S, K,) of the Kings of Syria, who had another called الشَّهْبَآءُ. (TA.) b6: نَمِرَةٌ مَلْحَآءُ A بُرْدَة with black and white stripes. (L.) شَجَرَةٌ مَلْحَآءُ (assumed tropical:) A tree of which the leaves have fallen, (L, K,) the branches, or twigs, remaining green. (L.) b7: المَلْحَآءُ (in a camel, L) (assumed tropical:) Certain flesh in the back, (situate within, L,) extending from the withers (الكَاهِل) to the rump: (L, K:) or the middle of the back, between the withers (الكاهل) and the rump: (T, S [in neither of which is reference made here to a camel]:) or the part between the hump of a camel and its rump: or the vertebræ of a camel over which is the hump: (L:) or, in a camel, the part beneath the hump; containing six vertebræ (مَحَالَات): pl. مَلْحَاوَاتٌ. (T.) فَارسُ المَلْحَآءِ The fat of the hump. (L.) b8: أَمْلَحُ A horse having the kind of swelling called مَلَحٌ. (TA.) أُمْلُوحَةٌ: see مُلْحَةٌ.

مَمْلَحَةٌ: see مَلَّاحَةٌ.

مِمْلَحَةٌ A thing [or vessel or the like] in which salt is put. (S, A.) مَمْلُوحٌ and ↓ مُمَلِّحٌ (tropical:) A fat camel. (L.) b2: ↓ مُمَلِّحٌ (tropical:) A camel destined for slaughter that is fat: (S:) or having some remains of fatness. (L.) A2: سَمَكٌ مَمْلُوحٌ, and ↓ مَلِيحٌ, (S, K,) and ↓ مِلْحٌ, (Msb,) Salted fish; (S, K;) i. q. ↓ مُمَلَّحٌ. (K.) You should not say مَالِحٌ. As to the saying of 'Odháfir, بَصْرِيَّةٌ تَزَوَّجَتْ بَصْرِيَّا والطَّرِيَّا ↓ يُطْعِمُهَا المَالِحَ [A woman of El-Basrah who married a man of El-Basrah: he fed her with salted and fresh], it is not an evidence. (S.) ISd says, that some have disapproved of this word, as also of مليح, not regarding the above verse as an evidence. You says, that مليح and مملوح are better than مالح. (TA.) مُمَلَّحٌ and مُمَلِّحٌ: see مَمْلُوحٌ.

مُتَمَلِّحٌ: see مَلَّاحٌ.

قرد

1 قَرِدَ, aor. ـَ (S, L, K,) inf. n. قَرَدٌ, (S, L), It (wool) fell off by degrees from the sheep, and became compacted in lumps, or clotted: (S:) or it (wool, L, and hair, L, K) became contracted together, (L, K,) and knotted in its extremities; (L;) as also ↓ تقرّد. (L, K.) b2: It (a tanned skin) became worm-eaten. (S, K.) A2: (tropical:) He (a man) was, or became, silent by reason of impotence of speech; (S, K;) as also ↓ اقرد and ↓ قرّد: (K:) or he was, or became, abject, and humble, or submissive: or, acc. to IAar ↓ اقرد signifies he (a man) was, or became, silent by reason of abjectness: [see also خرِدَ:] or, acc. to another, he was, or became, still and abject. (TA.) See اقرد below. The verbs are used in these senses because, when a raven or crow lights upon a camel and picks off the ticks (قرْدَان), the beast remains still on account of the ease which it occasions him. (TA.) A3: قَرَدَ, (L, K,) aor. ـِ (K,) inf. n. قَرْدٌ, (L,) He collected together, and gained, (L, K,) for his family. (L.) [You say] قَرَدَ فِى

السِّقَآءِ He collected clarified butter in the skin; (L, K;) as also قَرَدَ سَمْنًا فى السِّقَآءِ: (S, L:) or he collected milk in the skin. (L, K.) See also قَلَدَ.2 قرّدهُ, inf. n. تَقْرِيدٌ, (K,) He plucked off his (a camel's, S, A) قِرْدَان [or ticks]: (S, A, K:) it (a raven, or crow) lighted upon him (a camel), and picked off his قِرْدَان [or ticks]. (A.) b2: [Hence,] (tropical:) He rendered him (a camel, L,) submissive, or tractable: (L, K:) because a camel, when he is freed from his ticks (قِرْدَان), becomes quiet. (L.) [And, of a camel (?) it is said,] قرّد, (tropical:) he became submissive, and tractable. (K.) [And] قرّدهُ, (A, L, K,) and ↓ نَزَعَ قُرَادَهُ, (A,) [signify] (tropical:) He beguiled him (S, A, L, K) and wheedled, or cajoled, him; (L;) because a man, when he desires to take a refractory camel, first plucks off his ticks (يُقَرِّدُهُ). (S, L.) See also قَرِدَ.4 اقرد He (a camel) became still, quiet, or tranquil, in consequence of his having his ticks pulled off. (A.) [And hence] (tropical:) He (a camel) went at a gentle pace, not shaking, or jolting, his rider. (A.) b2: (tropical:) He was, or became, silent, (K,) still, or quiet, (S, K,) and submissive, (K,) and feigned himself dead. (S, K. See قَرِدَ in two places.) b3: (tropical:) He (a man) clave to the ground by reason of abjectness, or submissiveness. (A.) See art. خَرِدَ.5 تقرّد, see قَرِدَ b2: It (flour) became heaped up, one part upon another. (L, from a trad.) قِرْدٌ [The ape; the monkey; and the baboon;] a certain animal, (TA,) well known: (L, K:) fem. with ة: (S, L, Msb:) pl. [of pauc., of the masc.,] أَقْرُدٌ, (L, Msb,) and أَقْرَادٌ, (L, K,) and [of mult., of the same,] قُرُودٌ and قِرَدَةٌ, (S, L, Msb, K,) and [quasi-pl. n.] قَرِدَةٌ; (K;) and pl. of the fem., (S, L, Msb,) قِرَدٌ. (S, L, Msb, K.) Hence the proverb أَزْنَى مِنْ قِرْدٍ [More incontinent than an ape]; because the قِرْد is the most incontinent of animals: (K:) such is generally said to be the meaning of this proverb: (TA:) or (accord. to A'Obeyd, S, L) by قرد is here meant a man of the tribe of Hudheyl, named Kird, the son of Mo'áwiyeh. (S, L, K.) A2: اِبْنُ القِرْدِ The حَوْدَل. (TA in art. بنى.) قَرَدٌ [a coll. gen. n.] Refuse of wool; (L, K;) afterwards applied also to soft hair (وَبَر), and other hair, and flax: (L:) or soft hair and wool that fall off by degrees from the animals, and become compacted in lumps, or clotted: (L, K:) or refuse of wool, and what falls off by degrees from the sheep, and becomes compacted in lumps, or clotted: (S:) or bad wool: (R:) or the worst of wool and soft hair, and what is picked up thereof from the ground: (Nh:) a piece thereof is termed قَرَدَةٌ. (S.) It is said in a proverb, عَكَرَتْ عَلَى الغَزْلِ بِأَخَرَةٍ فَلَمْ تَدَعْ بِنَجْدٍ قَرَدَةٌ, عَكَرَتْ meaning عَطَفَتْ, [She returned to spinning at last, and left not in Nejd a piece of refuse of wool]: (S, L:) in the K, عَثَرَتْ is put for عَكَرَتْ; and both readings are mentioned by the relaters of proverbs: [عثرت على الغزل app. signifies she applied herself by chance to spinning:] the proverb is applied to him who neglects a needful business when it is possible, and seeks to accomplish it when it is beyond his reach: (K:) its origin is the fact, that a woman neglects spinning while she finds that which she may spin, (of cotton or flax &c., L,) until, when it is beyond her reach, she seeks for refuse of wool among sweepings and rubbish. (L, K.) b2: Also, Palmbranches stripped of their leaves: n. un. with ة. (K.) b3: Also, A thing like down, sticking to the [plant called] طُرْثُوث. (K.) b4: Also, Little things, [i. e., little flocks of clouds,] less than [what are termed] سَحَاب [or clouds in the common acceptation of the term] not conjoined; as also ↓ مُتَقَرِّدٌ; (K;) in some copies of the K ↓ مُتَقَرِّدَةٌ. (TA.) See also قَرِدٌ.

A2: Also, A hesitation in speech; (El-Hejeree, L, K;) because a man who hesitates in his speech is silent respecting somewhat of that which he would say. (L.) See also قَرِدَ.

قَرِدٌ Wool sticking together, and compacted in a lump or lumps: (A:) wool, and hair, contracted together, and knotted in its extremities. (L.) b2: [Hence,] a cloud, or collection of clouds, dissundered, in the tracts of the sky, in parts, or portions, one upon another; cirro-cumulus: (S, L:) or of which the several portions are compacted together, (M, K,) one upon another; likened to soft hair such as is thus termed: (M:) or compacted in lumps, not smooth; as also ↓ مُتَقَرِّدٌ. (AHn.) See also قَرِدٌ. b3: قَرِدُ الخَصِيلِ A horse [compact in frame;] not lax. (L, K.) A2: A camel [&c.] abounding with قِرْدَان [or ticks]. (K.) A3: And قَرِدٌ [an epithet used as a subst.] Accumulated foam which the camel casts forth from his mouth. (TA in art. توج. See an ex. in that art. voce مَتَاوِجُ.) قَرْدَدٌ (in which the second د is not incorporated into the first because the word is quasi-coordinate to the class of those of the measure فَعْلَلٌ, S, L,) Elevated ground; (L, K;) as also ↓ قُرْدُودَةٌ: (K:) or elevated and rugged ground; as also ↓ قُرْدُودٌ: (L:) or a rugged and elevated place; (S, L;) as also ↓ قُرْدُودٌ: (S:) or a tract similar to what is termed قُفّ: (As:) or a prominent portion of ground by the side of a depressed place, or hollow: (M:) also, even, or plain, ground: (L:) pl. قَرَادِدُ and قَرَادِيدُ; (S, L, K;) the latter form being adopted from a dislike to [the concurrence of] the two dáls: (S, L:) Sb says, that قَرَادِيدُ is a pl. of قَرْدَدٌ; but as one also says قُرْدُودٌ, there is no reason for this assertion: (L:) ISh says, that ↓ قُرْدُودَةٌ signifies elevated and rugged ground producing little herbage, and all of it gibbous: and Sh, that it signifies an extended strip [of ground], like the قردودة of the back. (TA.) قُرْدُودٌ: see قَرْدَدٌ, in two places.

قُرْدُودَةٌ: see قَرْدَدٌ. b2: قُرْدُودَةُ الظَّهْرِ The upper, or highest, part of the back (L, K) of any beast of carriage: (L:) or the withers; syn. سِيسَآءٌ: (As, L:) or the elevated portion of the part called the ثَبَج; (S, L;) also called قُرْدُودَةُ الثَّبَجِ. (L.) b3: قُرْدُودَةُ الشِّتَآءِ The severity and sharpness of winter: (K:) or its sterility and severity. (Aboo-Málik, L.) قُرَادٌ [a coll. gen. n., The tick; or ticks;] a certain insect, (L, K,) well known, (L,) that clings to camels and the like, (Msb,) [and to dogs &c.,] and bites them; (L;) it is, to them, like the louse to man: (Msb:) [see also حَلَمَةٌ and حَمْنَانٌ:] n. un. with ة: (Msb:) pl. (of pauc., TA,) أَقْرِدَةٌ, (L,) and (of mult., L,) قِرْدَانٌ (S, L, Msb, K) and قُرُدٌ: (L:) قُرْدٌ also signifies the same as قُرَادٌ, (K,) or is a contraction of the pl. قُرُدٌ. (L.) أَذَلُّ مِنْ قُرَادٍ and أَسْفَلُ من قراد [Viler than a tick] are proverbial sayings. (TA.) A2: القُرَادُ, (K,) or قُرَادُ الثَّدْىِ, (L,) or قُرَادُ الصَّدْرِ, (S, A,) (tropical:) The nipple (حَلَمَة) of the breast: (S, A, L, K:) called قُرَادٌ and حَلَمَةٌ as being likened. to a large tick: (Mgh in art. حلم:) the nipple of the dug of a mare. (K.) A3: أَمُّ القِرْدَانِ The place between the fetlock and hoof of a horse: (S, L:) also, the part between the phalanges (سُلَامَيَات) of the foot of a camel. (L.) b2: See also 2.

قَرُودٌ A camel that does not impatiently avoid having his ticks (قِرْدَان,) plucked off. (L, K.) b2: [Hence,] (tropical:) a still, or quiet, man. (A.) قَرَّادٌ A trainer of the قِرْد [or ape, monkey, or baboon]. (K.) مُتَقَرِّدٌ: see قَرَدٌ and قَردٌ.

مُتَقَرِّدَةٌ: see قَرَدٌ.

سوع

1 سَاعَتِ الإِبِلُ, aor. ـُ (S, K,) inf. n. سَوْعٌ, (S,) The camels were left to themselves, (S, K,) without a pastor; (K;) as also ساعت with تَسِيعُ for its aor. and سَيْعٌ for its inf. n. (Sh.) 3 عَامَلَهُ مُسَاوَعَةً [He bargained with him for work by, or for, the hour,] is from السَّاعَةُ, like مُيَاوَمَةً from اليَوْمُ. (S, K. [See also the last sentence of the second paragraph of art. سعى.]) [It is added in the S, that neither of them is used otherwise than thus: but accord. to SM one says also,] ساوعهُ, inf. n. سِوَاعٌ, He hired him, or took him as a hireling, for the hour. (TA.) 4 اساعهُ He left to himself, or itself, left alone, or neglected, and lost, or destroyed, him, or it. (K.) Er-Rághib says, [but why, I do not well see,] that the meaning of neglecting, or the like, is imagined as derived from السَّاعَةُ. (TA.) You say, أَسَعْتُ الإِبِلَ I left the camels to themselves, left them alone, or neglected them. (S.) And رُبَّ نَاقَةٍ تُسِيعُ وَلَدَهَا حَتَّى تَأْكُلَهُ السِّبَاعُ, meaning [Scarce, or many, a she-camel] leaves to itself, or leaves alone, or neglects, her young one [so that the beasts of prey devour it]. (TA.) [See also 4 in art. سيع.]

A2: أَسْوَعَ He (a man, Zj) passed from سَاعَة to سَاعَة [i. e. time to time, or hour to hour]; (Zj, K;) as also اساع, inf. n. إِسَاعَةٌ: (Zj, TA:) or he remained behind, or held back, or delayed, for a سَاعَة [i. e. a time, or an hour]. (Ibn-'Abbád, K.) سَاعٌ: see سَاعَةٌ, in two places.

سَوْعٌ and ↓ سُوَاعٌ i. q. هدْءٌ, as used in the phrase, جَآءَنَا بَعْدَ سَوْعٍ مِنَ اللَّيْلِ [He came to us after a period, or portion, of the night; or after about a third or fourth part of the night had elapsed, when men were asleep, or at rest, and the night, and the foot of the passenger, were still; or after a third part of the night]: (S, K: *) or this phrase means he come to us after a سَاعَة [i. e. a short period, or an hour,] of the night. (TA.).

سَاعَةٌ [An hour;] one of the divisions of the night and the day; (Lth, K, TA;) both of which together consist of four and twenty of those divisions; each of them, when they are of equal length, consisting of twelve such divisions; (TA;) [also termed سَاعَةٌ فَلَكِيَّةٌ (an astronomical hour; fifteen دَرَجَات of time; sixty minutes of time;) because ساعة alone is often used in a vague sense, as meaning what is termed سَاعَةٌ زَمَانِيَّةٌ; i. e.] a time of night or of day: but used absolutely by the Arabs as meaning a time; a while; a space, or period; an indefinite [short] time; and a little while; (Msb;) a [short or] little portion, or division, [or space, or period,] of the night and of the day: (TA:) and السَّاعَةُ signifies the pre-sent time: (S, K:) pl. سَاعَاتٌ and ↓ سَاعٌ, (S, Msb, K,) [or the latter is rather a coll. gen. n. of which ساعة is the n. un.,] and سِوَاعٌ. (Msb.) It is used unrestricted in the Kur [vii. 32 and in other places], where it is said, لَا يَسْتَأْخِرُونَ سَاعَةً (Msb) They will not remain behind (Bd) for a time, or any while, (Msb,) or the shortest time: or they shall not seek to remain behind, by reason of intense terror. (Bd.) And so in a trad., where it is said, مَنْ رَاحَ فِى السَّاعَةِ الأُولَى Whoso goeth in the first time; not in the first astronomical ساعة, for then it would necessarily mean that he who should come in the latter part thereof would be on a par with the former person, which is not the case. (Msb.) [سَاعَةً signifies, as shown above, For, or during, an hour: and awhile; for a little while; during a short time; as in the phrase,] جَلَسْتُ عِنْدَكَ سَاعَةً I sat with thee, or at thine abode, for a little while, or during a short time. (TA.) [And فِى سَاعَةٍ, In a short time: in a moment. And السَّاعَةَ, Now: just now: this moment. And سَاعَتَئِذٍ, Then; at that time: or in that hour.] And مُذْ سَاعَةٌٍ [A little while ago;] in the first time near to us: (K in art. انف:) or this signifies السَّاعَةَ [expl. above]. (Zj, T and M in art. انف.) [And مِنْ سَاعَتِهِ At the moment thereof; instantly. Hence, سَمَّ سَاعَةٍ An instantaneous poison.] b2: السَّاعَةُ also signifies (tropical:) The resurrection; (S, K, TA;) the raising of mankind for the reckoning; also termed السَّاعَةُ الكُبْرَى: (Er-Rághib, B:) or the time thereof: (K:) because of the quickness with which its reckoning will be accomplished: (TA:) or because it will come suddenly upon mankind, in a moment, and all creatures will die at one cry. (Zj, Az, TA.) Hence, in the Kur [liv. 1], اِقْتَرَبَتِ السَّاعَةُ (tropical:) The resurrection [or the time thereof] hath drawn nigh. (Jel, TA.) And [in vii. 186 and lxxix. 42,] يَسْأَلُونَكَ عَنِ السَّاعَةِ (tropical:) They ask thee concerning the resurrection [or the time thereof]. (Bd, Jel, TA.) And [in xxxi. last verse and xliii. 85,] عِنْدَهُ عِلْمُ السَّاعَةِ (tropical:) With Him is the knowledge of the resurrection, (TA,) or of the time thereof. (Bd, Jel.) b3: Also (assumed tropical:) The death of one generation; termed, for distinction, السَّاعَةُ الوُسْطَى: as in the saying of Mohammad, when he saw 'AbdAllah Ibn-Uneys, إِنْ يَطُلْ عُمْرُ هٰذَا الغُلَامِ لَمْ يَمُتْ حَتَّى تَقُومَ السَّاعَةُ (assumed tropical:) [If the life of this boy last long, he will not die until the death of the generation shall come to pass]: accordingly it is said that he was the last that died of the Companions. (Er-Rághib, B.) b4: Also (assumed tropical:) The death of any man; termed, for distinction, السَّاعَةُ الصُّغْرَى: as in the Kur [vi. 31], قَدْ خَسِرَ الَّذَينَ كَذَّبُوا بِلِقَآءِ اللّٰهِ حَتَّى إِذَا جَآءَتْهُمُ السَّاٰعَةُ بَغْتَةً (assumed tropical:) [They have suffered loss who disbelieved in, or denied as false, the meeting with God until, when death came to them suddenly]. (Er-Rághib, B) b5: Also (assumed tropical:) Difficulty, distress, or affliction; and so ↓ السَّاعُ. (TA.) b6: And (assumed tropical:) Distance, or remoteness. (TA.) A2: See also سَائِعٌ.

سَاعَةٌ سَوْعَآءُ A severe, grievous, or distressing [hour or time]; (S, K;) like the phrase لَيْلَةٌ لَيْلَآءُ. (S.) سُوَاعٌ: see سَوْعٌ.

A2: Also, (S, K, [in the CK erroneously without tenween,]) and سَوَاعٌ, (Kh, K,) A certain idol (S, K) which belonged to the people of Noah, (S,) in whose time it was worshipped; then the deluge buried it, but Iblees exhumed it, and it was worshipped [again]; (K;) so says Lth; (TA;) then it became the property of [the tribe of] Hudheyl, (S, K,) and was at Ruhát, (S,) and pilgrimage was performed to it: (S, K:) or it belonged to [the tribe of] Hemdán: (Bd, TA:) Abu-l-Mundhir says, I have not heard the mention of it in the poems of Hudheyl: but one of the Arabs, in verse, mentions Hudheyl as paying devotion to it: (TA:) it is said that it had the form of a woman: (Har p. 362:) [if so, as a fem. proper name, it would be without tenween: but] it is mentioned in the Kur [lxxi. 22, and is there with tenween]. (TA.) [See also وَدٌّ.]

هُوَ ضَائِعٌ سَائِعٌ He is left to himself, left alone, or neglected. (S, * K, * TA.) ↓ سَاعَةٌ [is pl. of سَائِعٌ; and also signifies] In a state of perdition or destruction; perishing; or dying; in a pl. sense; like جَاعَةٌ as signifying جِيَاعٌ, (K,) and طَاعَةٌ as signifying مُطِيعُونَ. (TA.) مُسِيعٌ: see the following paragraph.

مِسْيَاعٌ A she-camel that leaves her young one so that the beasts of prey devour it: (Sh, K:) or a she-camel that goes away in the place of pasturing: (S:) belonging to this art. and to art. سيع, q. v. (K.) You say also, رَجُلٌ مِضْيَاعٌ مِسْيَاعٌ لِلْمَالِ [A man who is wont to neglect the camels or the like; or to leave them to themselves, or alone; or to lose them]; and accord. to A'Obeyd, مُضِيعٌ

↓ مُسِيعٌ. (S.)

سبغ

1 سَبَغَ, (Msb, K, &c.,) aor. ـُ (MA, Msb) and سَبَغَ, (MA,) inf. n. سُبُوغٌ, (Msb, K, &c.,) It (a garment [&c.]) was complete, full, ample, or without deficiency: (MA, Msb:) it (a thing, Lth, Msb, of any kind, JK, Msb, such as a garment, TA, a coat of mail, JK, Msb, TA, and the like, TA, and hair, JK, TA) was long, (JK, Msb, K,) from above to below, (Msb,) or reaching to, or towards, the ground. (Lth, K.) [Hence,] ذُو سُبُوغٍ [The ample, or long, &c.,] was the name of a coat of mail belonging to the Prophet. (TA.) b2: [Hence also] سَبَغَتْ قُصَيْرَى الفَرَسِ The قصيري [app. here meaning the rib next the flank] of the horse was of full length. (TA.) b3: And سَبَغَ المَطَرُ (tropical:) The rain approached the earth, and extended. (TA.) b4: And سَبَغَتِ النِّعْمَةُ, (S, Msb, K,) inf. n. as above, (S, Msb,) (tropical:) The benefit, or boon, was, or became, ample. (S, Msb, K, TA.) One says, الحَمْدُ لِلّٰهِ عَلَى سُبُوغِ النِّعْمَةِ Praise be to God for the ampleness of the benefit, or boon. (TA.) b5: And سَبَغَ لِبَلَدِهِ (assumed tropical:) He tended towards, and reached, his town, or country; (AA, * K;) inf. n. as above. (TA.) 2 سَبَّغَتْ, inf. n. تَسْبِيغٌ, She (a camel, As, JK, S, or a pregnant female, K) cast her young one, or fœtus, (As, JK, S, K,) in an incomplete state, (TA,) or when its hair had grown, (As, S, K,) or when its fur had grown; (JK;) accord. to the T, (TA,) i. q. أَجْهَضَت: (JK, TA:) or, accord. to AA, سَبَّغَتِ الإِبِلُ بِأَوْلَادِهَا the camels cast their young abortively; and, in like manner, accord. to Lth, one says of all pregnant females: (TA:) [see also سَبَّقَت:] the epithet applied to her is ↓ مُسَبِّغٌ, without ة. (As, K, TA.) 4 اسبغهُ He made it complete, full, ample, or without deficiency; (Msb;) he made it wide; namely, his garment [&c.]: and he made it long; namely, [his garment, and the like, and] his hair, (TA.) b2: [Hence,] اسبغ اللّٰهُ عَلَيْهِ النِّعْمَةَ (S, Msb, * K *) (tropical:) God made the benefit, or boon, complete, full, or ample, to him. (S, * Msb, * K, * TA.) and اسبغ لَهُ فِى النَّفَقَةِ (assumed tropical:) He expended upon him what was completely sufficient for his wants; bestowed upon him amply. (TA.) b3: And اسبغ الوُضُوْءَ, (K,) inf. n. إِسْبَاغٌ, (S,) (tropical:) He performed completely the [ablution termed] وضوء, (S, K, TA,) making it to reach to the proper places thereof, and giving fully to every member its due. (K, TA.) A2: And اسبغ He put on a wide, or an ample, [or a long,] coat of mail. (KL.) سُبُغٌ: see مُسْبِغٌ.

سَبْغَةٌ (tropical:) Plentifulness, and pleasantness or easiness, and softness or delicacy, of life. (K, TA.) One says, إِنَّهُمْ لَفِى سَبْغَةٍ مِنَ العَيْشِ (tropical:) Verily they are in a state of plentifulness, &c., of life. (TA.) سَابِغٌ, applied to a thing (JK, S) of any kind, (JK,) Complete, full, ample, or without deficiency: (S, TA:) [and] long. (JK.) You say, دِرْعٌ سَابِغَةٌ A coat of mail that is wide, or ample, (S, K, * TA,) and long: (K, TA:) or such that one drags it upon the ground, or [that falls] against one's ankles, by reason of length and ampleness: pl. سَوَابِغُ. (TA.) And ذَنَبٌ سَابِغٌ A complete, a full, or an ample, tail. (S.) and دَلْوٌ سَابِغَةٌ (tropical:) A long دلو [or leathern bucket]. (TA.) And نَاقَةٌ سَابِغَةُ الضَّرْعِ (tropical:) A she-camel full, or without lack or defect, in the udder: (Lth, and so in the K accord. to the TA:) or سَابِغَةُ الضُّلُوعِ without lack or defect, and long, in the ribs. (So in copies of the K.) And عَجِيزَةٌ سَابِغَةٌ and أَلْيَةٌ سَابِغَةٌ (Msb, K) signify in like manner, (K,) [or] (tropical:) A long buttock. (Msb, TA. *) And رَجُلٌ سَابِغُ الأَلْيَتَيْنِ (assumed tropical:) A man large in the buttocks. (TA.) And فَحْلٌ سَابِغٌ (tropical:) A stallion long in the veretrum: (S, K, TA:) the contr. thereof is termed كَمِشٌ. (S, TA.) And لِثَةٌ سَابِغَةٌ (tropical:) A foul, or an ugly, gum. (Lth, K, TA.) b2: And مَطْرَةٌ سَابِغَةٌ (tropical:) A compious rain. (K, * TA.) b3: And نِعْمَةٌ سَابِغَةٌ (tropical:) A complete, a full, or an ample, benefit, or boon. (K, * TA.) b4: See also تَسْبِغَةٌ.

أَسْبَغُ More [and most] complete, full, ample, or free from deficiency [in breadth and in length]: occurring in this sense in a trad., relating to a coat of mail. (TA.) تَسْبَِغٌ: see what next follows.

تَسْبِغَةٌ (JK, S, K) and تَسْبَغَةٌ and ↓ تَسْبِغٌ and تَسْبَغٌ, (JK, K,) the first of which is the most chaste, (TA,) I. q. مِغْفَرٌ [q. v.]: (JK:) or a portion of the mail of the coat of mail, that is conjoined to the helmet, and protects the neck: (JK, S, K:) for the helmet becomes lengthened (تَسْبُغُ) thereby; and but for it, there would be between it and the opening at the neck of the coat of mail an intervening space: (S:) or the mail composing the رَفْرَف of the helmet, at the bottom thereof, with which the man protects his neck, and which is also called the مِغْفَر: or, accord. to “ the Book of the Coat of Mail and the Helmet,”

by AO, the رَفْرَف of the helmet is other than its تَسْبِغَة; for he says that, of helmets, there is that which has a رَفْرَف, [consisting of] rings [or mail] encompassing the bottom thereof, so as to surround the back and other parts of the neck, and the two cheeks, and to reach to the مَحْجِرَانِ [q. v.] of the two eyes; and he afterwards says, but when it [the helmet] is not of plate, or expanded metal, but is [a head-covering] of mail, it is called مِغْفَرٌ and غِفَارَةٌ and تَسْبِغَةٌ: (TA:) [the pl. is تَسَابِغُ:] and the helmet [that has a تَسْبِغَة attached to it, accord. to those who mean by this term the mail attached to the bottom thereof,] is called ↓ سَابِغٌ: (JK:) or, accord. to As, one says بَيْضَةٌ لَهَا سَابِغٌ, (S,) or لَهَا تَسَابِغُ. (K, TA: in the CK [erroneously] تَسَابُغٌ.) مُسْبِغٌ, (S, A, L, TA,) in the O and K ↓ سُبُغٌ, like عُنُقٌ, which seems to be a mistranscription, copied by the author of the K, accord, to his usual practice, from the O, (TA,) A man having upon him a coat of mail such as is termed سَابِغَةٌ. (S, A, O, L, K.) مُسَبَّغٌ is expl. by Kr as meaning The young that is cast by its mother after the soul has been blown into it. (TA. [But see its verb, 2.]) مُسَبِّغٌ: see 2.

مِسْبَاغٌ A she-camel that usually casts her young abortively: but a term not well know, (IDrd, TA.)

شرط

1 شَرَطَ عَلَيْهِ كَذَا, (S, Msb, K,) aor. ـِ and شَرُطَ, (S, Msb,) inf. n. شَرْطٌ; (Msb;) and عليه ↓ اشترط كذا; (S, * Msb, * K, * TA;) both signify the same; (S, Msb, K;) [He imposed such a thing as a condition, or by stipulation, upon him;] he made such a thing a condition against him. (TK.) And شَرَطَ عَلَيْهِ فِى البَيْعِ He imposed a thing as obligatory upon him in the sale, and took it upon himself as such. (TK.) A2: شَرَطَ, aor. ـِ and شَرُطَ, (S, Msb, K,) inf. n. شَرْطٌ, (Msb, K,) He (a cupper) scarified; syn. بَزَغَ; (S, K;) as also ↓ شرّط, inf. n. تَشْرِيطٌ. (JK in art. بزغ, and TA. *) [Hence, and from the verb in the sense first mentioned, the saying,] رُبَّ شَرْطِ شَارِطٍ أَوْجَعُ مِنْ شَرْطِ شَارِطٍ

[Many a condition of one making a condition is more painful than the scarifying of a scarifier]. (TA.) b2: He slit the ear of a camel. (TA.) b3: He slit. and then twisted, [or wove together, (see شَرِيطٌ,)] palm-leaves. (TA.) A3: شَرِطَ He fell into a momentous, or formidable, case. (O, K.) 2 شَرَّطَ see the next preceding paragraph.3 شارطهُ, (K,) inf. n. مُشَارَطَةٌ, (TA,) He made a condition, or conditions, or he stipulated, with him, mutually; each of them made a condition, or conditions, or each of them stipulated, with the other. (O, L, K.) And عَلَيْهِ ↓ تشارط is like شَارَطَ [app. meaning He made a condition, or conditions, with another, or others; or they (a party of persons) made a condition, or conditions, together; against him]. (TA.) 4 اشرط نَفْسَهُ He marked himself, and prepared himself, (S, K,) لِكَذَا (K) or لِأَمْرِ كَذَا [ for such an affair]. (S.) b2: He (a courageous man) marked himself for death. (TA.) b3: اشرط نَفْسَهُ وَمَالَهُ فِى هٰذَا الأَمْرِ He put forward, or offered, himself and his property in this affair. (TA.) b4: اشرط إِبِلَهُ He made known that his camels were for sale. (K.) And اشرط طَائِفَةً مِنْ إِبِلِهِ وَغَنَمِهِ He set apart a portion of his camels, and of his sheep, or goats, and made known that they were for sale. (TA.) And اشرط مِنْ إِبِلِهِ, (S, K,) and غَنَمِهِ, (S,) He prepared for sale some of his camels, (S, K,) and of his sheep, or goats. (S.) b5: أَشْرَطْتُ فُلَانًا لِعَمَلِ كَذَا I prepared such a one for such a work, or such an agency or employment, and made him to have the charge, or management, thereof. (AA.) b6: اشرط إِلَيْهِ الرَّسُولَ He hastened to him the messenger, (K, * TA,) and sent him forward: from أَشْرَاطٌ signifying the “ beginnings ” of things. (TA.) A2: اشرط بِهَا, and فِيهَا, He held it to be, or made it, a thing of mean account, and perilled, hazarded, or risked, it. (TA.) [It is not said to what the pronoun refers.]5 تشرّط فِى عَمَلِهِ He acted, or performed, well, soundly and skilfully, or, nicely and exactly, in his work, (O, L, K,) and constrained himself to observe whatever conditions were imposed upon him. (L.) 6 تَشَاْرَطَ see 3.8 إِشْتَرَطَ see 1, first signification. b2: [اُشْتُرِطَ It was made conditional, or a condition. And He, or it, was made to be conditionally intended, in, or by, a saying, دُونَ غَيْرِهِ exclusively of any other..]10 استشرط المَالُ The camels, or the like, became in a bad state after having been in a good state. (Sgh, K.) [See شَرَطٌ.]

شَرْطٌ [A condition; a term; a stipulation; said to signify] the imposition of a thing as obligatory [upon a person], and the taking it upon oneself as such, in a sale and the like; (K;) [but this is a loose explanation, as is observed in the TK; the meaning being a thing imposed upon a person as obligatory, and taken upon oneself as such: in the S, it is merely said to be well known:] and ↓ شَرِيطَةٌ signifies the same: (S, Msb, K:) pl. of the former, شُرُوطٌ: (S, Msb, K:) and of the latter, شَرَائِطُ. (Msb, TA.) It is said in a trad., لَا يَجُوزُ شَرْطَانِ فِى بَيْعٍ [Two conditions in a sale are not allowable]; as when one says, “I sell to thee this garment, or piece of cloth, for ready money for a deenár, and on credit for two deenárs. ” (TA.) And it is said in a prov., الشَّرْطُ أَمْلَكُ عَلَيْكَ أَمْ لَكَ (TA) The condition is most valid, or binding, [whether it be against thee or in thy favour:] (Mgh in art. ملك:) relating to the keeping of conditions between brothers. (Sgh, TA.) [شَرْطٌ also relates to other things beside sales and the like: for instance, you say, شَرْطُ المَصْدَرِ كَذَا وَكَذَا, meaning What is required to justify the application of the term مصدر is such a thing, and such a thing.]

A2: شَرْطَا نَهْرٍ The two banks of a river. (TA.) b2: [The pl.] شُرُوطٌ also signifies Roads leading in different directions. (TA.) A3: See also شَرَطٌ, in two places.

شَرَطٌ A sign, token, or mark, (S, Msb, K,) which men appoint between them; (TA;) as also ↓ شَرْطٌ: (TA:) pl. of the former, أَشْرَاطٌ. (Msb, K.) And hence, (Msb,) أَشْرَاطُ السَّاعَةِ The signs of the resurrection, or of the time thereof; (S, Msb, TA;) mentioned in the Kur [xlvii. 20]: or the small events prior thereto, which men deny: (El-Khattábee:) or the means thereof, exclusive of the main circumstances thereof, and of the event itself. (TA.) b2: [Hence also,] الشَّرَطَانِ The two stars [a and b] which are the two horns of Aries; (S, K, Kzw;) the brighter whereof is called النَّاطِحُ; (Kzw;) [and the other, النَّطْحُ;] the First Mansion of the Moon: (Kzw:) to-wards the north of them is a small star which some of the Arabs reckon with those two, saying that it (namely this mansion, K) consists of three stars, and calling them الأَشْرَاطُ: (S, K:) IAar mentions an instance of the use of the sing., الشَّرَطُ; but the dual is more approved, and more commonly known: (TA:) the two stars above mentioned are the first asterism of the spring. (ISd, Z.) [See مَنَازِلُ القَمَرِ, in art. نزل.] Hassán Ibn-Thábit says, فِى نَدَامَى بِيضِ الوُجُوهِ كِرَامٍ

نُبِّهُوا بَعْدَ هَجْعَةِ الأَشْرَاطِ meaning [Among fair-faced, generous cup-companions, roused from sleep after] the setting of the اشراط: though another meaning, which see below, has been assigned to the last word. (Sgh.) b3: And hence, (ISd, Z,) شَرَطٌ also signifies (assumed tropical:) The beginning of a thing; (ISd, * Z, * K;) as also ↓ مِشْرَاطٌ: (Ibn-'Abbád, K:) pl. of the former, أَشْرَاطٌ, which is applied to the beginnings of any event that happens because the شَرَطَان are the first asterism of the spring: (ISd, Z:) the pl. of ↓ مشراط in the sense here expl. is مَشَارِيطُ. (K.) Hence, accord. to some, أَشْرَاطُ السَّاعَةِ, expl. above. (TA.) A2: The refuse, (S, Msb, K, TA,) such as the galled in the back, and the emaciated, (TA,) and the young, (K,) and the bad, (A'Obeyd,) of camels or the like, (S, K,) or of goats, (Msb,) or of goats also: (S:) used alike as sing. and pl. and masc. and fem.: and applied particularly to the young of camels, as a pl. and as a sing.: also, to a she-camel and to a he-camel: and to such, of camels, as is brought, or driven, from one place to another for sale; as the aged she-camel, and the camel that is galled in the back: (TA:) also the same, not ↓ شَرْطٌ as in the K, [without restriction of its application,] low, base, vile, or mean; (K, * TA;) and so ↓ أَشْرَطُ: (TA:) pl. أَشْرَاطٌ, (S, K,) and pl. pl. أَشَارِيطُ. (S,* TA.) You say, الغَنَمُ

أَشْرَاطُ المَالِ [Sheep, or goats, are the refuse, or meanest sort, of beasts that people possess]. (S.) And شَرَطٌ is also applied to men; (S, TA;) شَرَطُ النَّاسِ signifying The refuse, or lowest or basest or meanest sort, pf mankind or people. (TA.) In the verse of Hassán Ibn-Thábit cited above, الأَشْرَاط is said to mean The guards, or watchmen, and the lowest or basest or meanest sort of people; (S, Sgh;) [so that هَجْعَة must be understood in the sense of “ a light sleep in the first part of the night; ”] but the correct meaning is that expl. before. (Sgh.) b2: Also أَشْرَاطٌ, The noble, eminent, or honourable, sort of men: thus the word has two contr. significations. (Yaakoob, S, K.) A3: And A small water-course coming from a space of ten cubits: (AHn, O, K:) or what flows from even tracts of ground into the [larger water-courses called] شِعَاب. (TA.) شَرْطَةٌ A single act of scarifying; a scarification. (Msb.) شُرْطَةٌ A thing which one has made a condition. (Sgh, K.) You say, خُذْ شُرْطَتَكَ Take thou that which thou hast made a condition. (Sgh, K.) A2: Also, and ↓ شُرَطَةٌ, (Mgh,) or شُرَطٌ, (K,) which is the pl. (Mgh, K) of the former, (K,) The choice men of the army: (Mgh:) and such as compose the first portion of the army that is present in the war or fight, (Mgh, K,) and prepare for death; (K;) [the braves of an army;] they are the Sultán's choice men of the army; and the term شُرْطَةٌ is applied in a trad. to a party making it a condition to die, and not return, unless victorious: (TA:) or this appellation, and ↓ شُرَطَةٌ, which is a rare form, are applied to a body of soldiers; and the pl. is شُرَطٌ: and the pl. is applied to the aids (أَعْوَان [here app. meaning guards]) of the Sul-tán: (Msb:) شُرْطَةٌ, also, is applied to a wellknown body of the aids (أَعْوَان [here meaning armed attendants, officers, or soldiers,]) of the prefects [of the police]; (K;) pl. شُرَطٌ: (TA:) the شُرَط, (As, S, Msb,) or the شُرْطَة, (K,) are so called because they assumed to themselves signs, or marks, whereby they might be known (As, S, Msb, K) to the enemies: (Msb:) or the شُرَط are so called because they were prepared: (AO, S:) or as being likened to the شَرَط, or “ refuse,” of goats; because they were low persons: (Msb:) [or, probably, because they were prepared, or exposed, to be slain:] a single person of the شُرَط is called شُرْطَةٌ (S, Msb) and ↓ شُرَطِىٌّ: (S:) or ↓ شُرْطِىٌّ and ↓ شُرْطِىٌّ are applied to a single person of the شُرْطَة: (K:) ↓ شُرْطِىٌّ is a rel. n. from شُرْطَةٌ; and such also is ↓ شُرَطِىٌّ from شُرَطَةٌ; not from شُرَطٌ, because this is a pl. (Mgh.) صَاحِبُ الشُّرْطَةِ signifies The governor, or prefect, (Mgh, Msb,) [of the police, or] of a town, or city, or district, or province; to whom formerly pertained both religious and civil affairs; but now it is not so. (Mgh. [See رِدْفٌ.]) [In later times, this title has been commonly applied to The chief, or prefect, of the police.] b2: Also The best, best part, or choice, of anything; as also ↓ شَرِيطَةٌ: the latter occurring in a trad., as related by Sh; but Az thinks it should be the former word. (TA.) شُرَطَةٌ: see شُرْطَةٌ, in two places.

شَرَطِىٌّ Of, or relating to, [the asterism called] the شَرَطَان and the أَشْرَاط; as also ↓ أَشْرَاطِىٌّ; the latter being formed from the pl., (IB, TA,) because the stars thus called are regarded as composing one thing. (TA.) You say, رَوْضَةٌ

↓ أَشْرَاطِيَّةٌ, meaning [A garden, or meadow, &c.,] rained upon by the نَوْء [q. v.] of the شَرَطَان. (S. TA.) In the A we find ↓ نَوْءٌ شِرَاطِىٌّ: but probably it should be شَرَطِىٌّ. (TA.) شُرْطِىٌّ and شُرَطِىٌّ: see شُرْطَةٌ, in five places.

شَرِيطٌ A rope, or cord, of twisted palm-leaves: (S, Msb:) and threads of wool and of fibres of the palm-tree [twisted together]: (TA:) or palmleaves twisted together, with which is woven (يُشْرَطُ, as in the K, or, as in the O, accord. to the TA, يُشْرَحُ, [app. a mistake for يُشْرَجُ,]) a couch, or bier, [app. meaning the part thereof upon which a man or corpse lies,] and the like: (O, K:) so called because its palm-leaves are split, and then twisted together: if of fibres of the palm-tree, it is called دِسَارٌ: (TA:) or a wide rope [or flat plait] woven of fibres or leaves of the palm-tree: (Mgh in art. قمط:) or a rope of any kind: pl. شَرَائِطُ and شُرُطٌ. (TA.) Also Threads of silk, or of silk and of gold, twisted together [or woven, so as to form a kind of flat lace, like tape]: so called as being likened to the threads of wool and of fibres of the palm-tree [twisted together]. (TA.) b2: Also The [sort of basket, or small box, called] عَتِيدَة in which a woman puts her perfumes (IAar, O, K) and her utensils or apparatus. (IAar, O.) and The [sort of receptacle called] عَيْبَة [q. v.]. (IAar, O.) شَرِيطَةٌ: see شَرْطٌ: b2: and see also شُرْطَةٌ, last sentence.

A2: Also A she-camel having her ear slit: (K, TA:) of the measure فَعِيلَةٌ in the sense of the measure مَفْعُولَةٌ. (TA.) b2: And A sheep or goat having a slight scar made upon its throat, like the scarification of the cupper, without the severing of the [veins called] أَوْدَاج, and without making the blood to flow copiously: thus they used to do in the Time of Ignorance, cutting a little of the animal's throat, (K, TA,) and then leaving it to die; (TA;) and they considered it a lawful mode of slaughtering it; but the eating of such an animal is forbidden in a trad.: (K, TA:) or one scarified on account of some disease; and when such died, they said that they had slaughtered it. (TA.) شِرَاطِىٌّ: see شَرَطِىٌّ.

شِرْوَاطٌ, applied to a man, Tall: (O, K:) and, applied to a camel, (Ibn-'Abbád, O,) or to a hecamel, (Kudot;,) swift: (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K:) or it is applied in the former sense to a man, and is also applied to a camel, male and female alike, ('Eyn, S,) as meaning tall and slender: ('Eyn:) or it means tall, spare of flesh, slender; applied to a man and to a camel, and to the female likewise, without ة. (L.) الغَنَمُ أَشْرَطُ المَالِ Sheep, or goats, are the vilest sort of beasts that one possesses: an instance of a noun of superiority without a verb; which is extr.: (K, TA:) this is from the “ Isláh el-Alfádh ” of ISk: but in some of the copies of that work, we find أَشْرَاط in the place of أَشْرَط. (ISd, TA.) See شَرَطٌ.

أَشْرَاطِىٌّ: fem. with ة: see شَرَطِىٌّ, in two places.

مِشْرَطٌ A lancet (S, K, TA) with which the cupper scarifies; (TA;) as also ↓ مِشْرَاطٌ. (S, K, TA.) مِشْرَاطٌ: [pl. مَشَارِيطُ:] see مِشْرَطٌ: A2: and see شَرَطٌ, in two places.

A3: أَخَذَ لِلْأَمْرِ مَشَارِيطَهُ He took his apparatus, [or prepared himself,] for the thing, or affair. (Ibn-'Abbád, K.)

فوق

1 فَاقَهُمْ, (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K,) derived from فَوْق as signifying the contr. of تَحْت, Mgh.) aor. ـُ (S, O.) inf. n. فَوْقٌ (O, K) and فَوَاقٌ (K) and فَوْقَانٌ, (CK.) He (a man, S, (??) Msb) was, or became, above them, or (??) to them, or (??) (??) them, or (??) them, (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K,) namely, his (??), (S, O, Msb, K,) (??) others (Mgh) (??), or signify, or nobility. (S, O, K;) and (??) them; (Msb, TA:) and (??) argument (??) فُقْتُ فُلَانًا I became (??) (??) as though above him in station. (TA.) And فَاقَتِ الجَارِيَةُ بِالجَمَالِ The young woman ex(??) (??)]. (Msb.) It is said in a trad., حُبِّبَ إِلَىَّ الجَمَالُ حَتَّى مَا

أُحِبُّ أَنْ يَفُوفَنِى أَحَدٌ بِشِرَاكِ نَعْلٍ [Comeliness has been made lovely to me so that I love not that any (??) should (??) in the though of a sandal] (TA.) A2: فاق, (S, O, K,) aor. ـُ (O,) inf. n. فُوَاقٌ, (S, O, K,) said of a man, (S,) means that The wind rose from his chest; (S, O, K;) [i. e. he hiccoughed, or hickuped; a signification indicated by its being said that] فُوَاقٌ means the reiterating of an overpowering [or involuntary] sobbing sound: (Msb, TA:) and ↓ فُوَاقٌ [as a subst.] signifies also the wind [itself] that rises from the chest (S, O, K) of a man. (S, O) b2: And, accord. to Az, (Msb,) فاق, (Msb, TA,) aor. ـ) (Msb,) inf. n. فُوَاقٌ (Msb, TA) and فُؤُوقٌ, (TA.) He was affected, or taken with a p(??)ting, or breathing [shortly, or] uninterruptedly. (Msb, TA.) b3: And فاق بِنَفْسِهِ, (S, * O, K,) aor. ـُ (S, O,) inf. n. فُوُوقٌ [or فُؤُوقٌ (S, O, K) and فُوَاقٌ. (K,) said of a man, (S.) His spirit was about to pass forth: (S, O, K:) or he gave up his spirit. (S, * O, * K:) as also فاق [alone] aor. ـق (IAar, O and K in art. فيق:) or he died. (K;) or ↓ فُوَاقٌ [is app. held by some to be a simple subst., and] accord. to IAar signifies death itself: (TA:) or it signifies, (S, O, Msb,) (??) signifies also, (K.) an affection [i. e. a gasping, or show catching of the breath,] incident to a man at the point of death: (S, O, Msb, K:) and one says [of the man], فاق, aor. ـُ inf. n. فوق [app. فَوَقٌ]; the verb being of the class of طَلَبَ of which the inf. n. most commonly used is طَلَبَ; or, if the saying that the verb is of the (??) of طَلَبَ be not meant to indicate the form of its inf. n. as well as that of its aor. ـو may (??) mistranscription for فُؤُوقٌ or فُؤُوقٌ] (Msb.) A3: فاقت, (O, K,) aor. ـُ inf. n. فُوَاقٌ, (TA.) She (a camel) had in her udder the فِيقَة, or milk that had collected between two milkings. (O, K, TA;) and (K) so ↓ أَفَاقَتْ (S, O, K) or the latter verb signifies she (a camel) attained to the time for the being milked: and the inf. n. is إِفَاقَةٌ and (??) inf. n.] ↓ فُوَاقٌ: (IAar, TA:) or إِفَاقَةٌ (??) (??) the she-camel means her (??) back from the pasturing, and left (??) and (??) [her milk]. (ISb, TA:) and إِفَاقَةٌ الدِّرَّةِ signifies the returning of the milk. (??) Ibn-Kethweh, TA.) [See also فُوَاقٌ, below.]

A4: فَوْقٌ signifies A bending, or [thus in the TA is from the K, but in copies of the K “ and ” a breaking. (K, TA,) in the (??) (فِى الفَوقِ) (K,) or in one of the two (??) of the (??), (TA.) of an arrow: (K, TA:) or its verb said of an arrow, is فاق, aor. ـَ inf. n. فَاقٌ and فَوْقٌ, in which the و is then made movent with fet-h. [so that the word becomes فَوقٌ,] because this verb is of the class of فَعِلَ, aor. ـْ (K, TA.) or one says of an arrow فَوِقَ, [aor. ـْ inf. n. فَوَقٌ, meaning its notch broke: (Msb;) and ↓ انفاق said of an arrow signifies thus; (S, Msb;) (??) notch became much broken. (O, K, TA;) or became split, or cracked. (TA.) b2: And فُقْتُ السّهْم, (S, O, Msb, K,) inf. n. فَوْقٌ, (Msb,) I broke the notch of the arrow. (S, O, Msb, K.) And فاق الشَّىْءَ, aor. ـُ He broke the thing. (TA.) A5: فاق in the sense of افتاق [from فَاقَةٌ] is not allowable. (S, O.) 2 فوّقهُ, inf. n. تَفْوِيقٌ, He made him, or judged him, to excel, or to have excelled. (TA.) A2: فوّق الفَصِيلَ, (S, O, K,) inf. n. as above, said of the pastor, (TA,) He gave to the young unweaned camel to drink the quantities of milk that had collected in the udder between two milkings time after time. (S, O, K, TA. [See فُوَاقٌ.]) b2: and [hence] one says, ↓ فَوَّقَنِى الأَمَانِىَّ وَأَرْضَعَنِى أَفَاوِيقَ بِرِّهِ (tropical:) [He made me to obtain on repeated occasions the things wished for, and nourished me with the recurrent supplies of his bounty]. (TA.) And it is said in a trad. of 'Alee, إِنَّ بَنِى أُمَيَّةَ لَيُفَوِّقُونَنِى

تُرَاثَ مُحَمَّدٍ, meaning (assumed tropical:) [Verily the sons of Umeiyeh] give to me by little and little of the property [constituting the heritage of Mohammad]. (TA.) b3: See also 10.

A3: فوّق السَّهْمَ, (inf. n. as above, Msb,) He made to the arrow a فُوق [i. e. notch for the bow-string]. (S, O, Msb, K.) b2: And [hence,] فوّق المَرْأَةَ (assumed tropical:) He slit the vulva of the woman. (TA in art. سوس.) b3: See also the next paragraph, last sentence.4 إِفَاقَةٌ, (O, K, TA,) some say, (O, TA,) signifies A resting; (O, K, TA;) from ↓ فُوَاقٌ signifying a resting between two milkings; (O, TA;) which latter meaning, as well as the former, the K erroneously assigns to the former word. (TA.) b2: And أَفَاقَتْ said of a she-camel, signifies the same as فَاقَتْ expl. above: see 1, latter half, (O, K, TA.) b3: And [hence, perhaps,] افاق مِنْ مَرَضِهِ, (S, O, K, TA,) and مِنْ سُكْرِهِ, (S, O,) and مِنْ غَشْيَتِهِ, (O, TA,) inf. n. إِفَاقَهُ; (TA;) and ↓ استفاق; both signify the same; (S, O, K;) i. e. He returned to a healthy, or sound, state [of body and of mind, from his disease, and from his intoxication, and from his swoon, or fit of insensibility]: (O, K, TA:) or one says of the diseased, افاق and ↓ استفاق meaning he became convalescent; or recovered, but not completely, his health and strength: and the subst. [or quasi-inf. n.] is ↓ فُوَاقٌ: (TA:) and one says of the insane, or possessed, افاق, inf. n. إِفَاقَةٌ, meaning he recovered his intel-ligence; and of the intoxicated, likewise, افاق, originally افاق مِنْ سُكْرِهِ, like as one says اِسْتَيْقَظَ مِنْ نَوْمِهِ: (Msb:) [and it is said that] ↓ الاِسْتِفَاقَةُ as syn. with الإِفَاقَةُ is derived from فَوْق meaning the contr. of تَحْت, like as تَعَلَّى مِنْ مَرَضِهِ and تَمَاثَلَ are from العُلُوُّ and المُثُولُ: (Har p. 132:) but accord. to 'Alee Ibn-'Eesà, ↓ استفاق signifies he sought, or desired, الإِفَاقَة. (Ham p. 541.) b4: And [hence,] افاق الزَّمَانُ (tropical:) The time became abundant in herbage after barrenness or drought. (O, K, TA.) A2: أَفَقْتُ السَّهْمَ, (inf. n. إِفَاقَةٌ, Msb,) I put the فُوق [or notch] of the arrow upon the bowstring, (S, O, Msb, * K,) to shoot with it; (S, O, Msb;) as also أَوْفَقْتُهُ: but أَفْوَقْتُهُ is extr., (S, O, K,) and should not be said, (S, O,) or, accord. to Yoo, one says أَفْوَقْتُهُ also: (O:) and, accord. to the A, السَّهْمَ ↓ فوّق signifies [in like manner] he put the bow-string into the notch of the arrow on the occasion of shooting. (TA.) 5 تفوّق عَلَى قَوْمِهِ He exalted himself above his people, or party. (O, * K, * TA.) A2: تفوّق said of a young unweaned camel, He drank [or sucked] the quantities of milk that had collected in the udder between two milkings time after time. (S, O, K.) b2: And تَفَوَّقَهَا He milked her, namely, a camel, drawing from her the quantities of milk that had collected in her udder time after time; (O, K;) as also ↓ استفاقها. (K. [But see this latter below.]) b3: Hence the trad. respecting Aboo-Moosà, that he was discoursing with Ma'ádh, of reciting the Kur-án, and said, أَمَّا أَنَا فَأَتَفَوَّقُهُ تَفَوُّقَ اللَّقُوحِ [As for me, I draw it forth in the manner of the drawing forth of the milk of the milch camel at the times when it has collected in her udder], meaning (tropical:) I do not recite my set portion at once, but piecemeal, in my night and my day. (S, O, TA.) b4: One says also تفوّق شَرَابَهُ i. e. (tropical:) He drank his wine, or beverage, part after part. (TA.) Sb has mentioned that يَتَجَرَّعَهُ and يَتَفَوَّقَهُ are said of that which is not a labouring to do a thing at once, but is an act after an act, performed in a leisurely manner. (O, TA.) 7 انفاق It (a thing) broke, or became broken; quasi-pass. of فَاقَ الشَّىْءَ meaning كَسَرَهُ. (TA.) b2: See also 1, near the end. b3: Said of a camel, He became lean, or emaciated: b4: and He perished, or died. (O, K.) 8 افتاق He was, or became, poor, or in want, or need: (S, O, Msb, K:) فَاقَ in this sense is not allowable. (S, O.) A2: And He died with much فُوَاق [which may here mean either hiccoughing (which often occurs at the close of a fatal fever &c.), or gasping, or short catching of the breath]. (O, K.) 10 إِسْتَفْوَقَ see 4, in four places.

A2: استفاقها: see 5.

[It signifies as there explained: or it signifies, or signifies also,] He delayed the milking her, namely, a camel, until her milk collected in her udder, or in order that it might collect; and so ↓ فوّقها, inf. n. تَفْوِيقٌ. (TA.) One says, اِسْتَفِقِ النَّاقَةَ Milk not thou the she-camel before the time. (O, * K.) b2: b3: And مَا يَسْتَفِيقُ مِنَ الشَّرَابِ He does not abstain [from drinking wine]: (O, K, TA:) or he does not drink it in the set time: or he does not appoint a time for drinking it, but drinks it always. (TA.) فَاقٌ A [large bowl such as is termed] جَفْنَة, filled with food. (Lth, T, O, K.) A2: And Cooked olive-oil. (O, K, TA.) So in the saying of Shemmákh, (O, TA, *) describing the hair of a woman, (TA,) قَامَتْ تُرِيكَ أَثِيثَ النَّبْتِ مُنْسَدِلًا مِثْلَ الأَسَاوِدِ قَدْ مُسِّحْنَ بِالقَافِ [She stood showing to thee hair abundant and luxuriant, or abundant and long, in respect of growth, let down, like the black serpents that have been anointed with cooked olive-oil]: or, as some say, meaning الأَنْفَاق, meaning fresh olive-oil [from إِنْفَاق, a Pers\. word signifying “ olive-oil ”]: or, as AA relates it, the poet said, قَدْ شُدِّخْنَ بِالفَاقِ [that have been crushed in the فاق]; and accord. to him the last word has the meaning here next following. (O, TA.) A3: And The desert; syn. صَحْرَآءُ: (O, K, TA:) so says AA: and on one occasion he says that الفاق means a certain land: (O: a meaning also mentioned in the K:) or a certain wide land. (TA.) A4: It is also expl. as signifying بَان [i. e. Oil of ben]: and also A comb: on the authority of Th: and it may have either of these meanings in the verse cited above. (TA.) A5: And accord. to the K, it signifies Tall, and incongruous in make; and so ↓ فُوقٌ and ↓ فُوقَةٌ and ↓ فِيقٌ and ↓ فُوَاقٌ and ↓ فُيَاقٌ: but these words are all correctly, in this [or a similar] sense with two káfs. (TA.) A6: Also, accord. to the K, A certain aquatic bird, long in the neck: but this, likewise, is correctly with two káfs. (TA.) فَوْق is the contr. of تَحْت; (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K;) [primarily signifying The location that is above, or over;] and is an adv. n. (Mgh, Msb, K) of place; (Mgh, Msb;) and a simple noun, indecl., [with dammeh for its termination, when the noun to which it should be prefixed is suppressed, and the meaning of this is intended to be understood, but not the word itself;] but when it is prefixed to another noun [which is either expressed or itself (and not merely its meaning) meant to be understood, and when the noun to which it should be prefixed is suppressed and neither this nor its meaning is meant to be understood,] it is declinable. (K. [For the words يَكُونُ اسْمًا وَظَرْفًا مَبْنِىٌّ, the reading of the K in the TA and CK, my MS. copy of the K (which I follow in this case) has يكون ظرفا واسما مبنيّا.]) One says, زَيْدٌ فَوْقَ السَّطْحِ [Zeyd is above, or rather upon, the house-top]. (Mgh, Msb.) And العِمَامَةُ فَوْقَ الرَّأْسِ [The turban is above, or upon, the head]. (Mgh.) And طَفَا فَوْقَ المَآءِ It floated upon the water. (S &c. in art. طفو.) Ks has mentioned the saying, أَفَوْقَ تَنَامُ أَمْ أَسْفَلَ [Dost thou, or wilt thou, sleep in the part that is above of the house &c., or in the part that is below? i. e., in the upper part, or in the lower part?] with fet-h, as suppressing the noun to which فوق is [meant to be understood as] prefixed. (TA.) Lth says that he who uses it as a صِفَة [by which (like other old writers) he means an adv. n. of place] should use the accus. case, as when one says, عَبْدُ اللّٰهِ فَوْقَ زَيْدٍ ['Abd-Allah is above Zeyd]: but if you make it simply a noun, you use the nom. case, and say, فَوْقُهُ رَأْسُهُ [His superior (meaning upper) part is his head]; for in this instance it is the head itself, and you make each to be governed in the nom. case by the other. (TA.) In the saying in the Kur [xvi. 28], فَخَرَّ عَلَيْهِمُ السَّقْفُ مِنْ فَوْقِهِمْ [and the roof fell on them from above them], the utility of the phrase من فوقهم is hardly apparent, because عليهم sometimes serves in its stead: but IJ says that من فوقهم may here have a useful office; for عَلَى is sometimes used in relation to deeds [or events] that are difficult, and deemed onerous; [for instance,] you say, قَدْ سِرْنَا عَشْرًا وَبَقِيَتْ عَلَيْنَا لَيْلَتَانِ [We have journeyed ten nights and the journeys two nights have remained as though incumbent on us]; &c.; so that if it were said فخرّ عليهم السقف without the adding من فوقهم, it might be supposed to be like the saying عَلَيْهِمْ دَارُهُمْ قَدْ خَرِبَتْ [Their abode had become in a state of ruin as a punishment upon them]; but when He [referring to God] says من فوقهم, that meaning which was supposable ceases to be so; and the meaning becomes this, that it [the roof] fell when they were beneath it. (TA.) إِذْ جَاؤُوكُمْ مِنْ فَوْقِكُمْ وَمِنْ أَسْفَلَ مِنْكُمْ [When they came to you from above you and from below you], in the Kur [xxxiii. 10], relates to Benoo-Kureydhah, who came to them from above them; and to Kureysh and Ghatafán, who came from the district of Mekkeh, from below them. (TA.) وَالَّذِينَ اتَّقُوا فَوْقَهُمْ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ, in the Kur [ii. 208], means (assumed tropical:) [But those who have been careful of their religious duties] shall be above them in station [on the day of resurrection]. (O.) And one says, [agreeably with what has been stated in the first sentence of this paragraph, أَخَذَهُ مِنْ فَوْقُ, and أَخَذَهُ مِنْ فَوْقٍ, [meaning (assumed tropical:) He overcame him, or overpowered him, and in like manner أَتَاهُ من فوق, as expl. in the Ham p. 128. i. e. قَهَرَهُ namely, his adversary; and so a hawk, his pr? or quarry. (M and K in an expl. of أَدَلَّ عَلَيْه, in art. دل.) And [in a similar manner] فَوْق is metaphorically used as denoting excess, (Mgh, Msb.) and excellence: (Msb:) thus one says, العَشَرَةُ فَوْقَ التِّسْعَةِ (Mgh, Msb) i. e. (tropical:) Ten is above nine; meaning ten exceeds nine: (Msb:) and هٰذَا فَوْقَ ذَاكَ (Mgh, Msb) i. e. (tropical:) [This is above, or superior to, that;] meaning this is more excellent than that; (Msb:) and hence, (Mgh, Msb,) in the Kur iii.

24], (S, O,) بَعُوضَةً فَمَا فَوْقَهَا i. e. (tropical:) [A gnat and] what exceeds it (Mgh, Msb) in smallness, or in largeness; (Mgh, Msb, K;) what is smaller than it, (AO, S, O,) or what is larger than it, by the latter being meant the fly [mentioned in the Kur xxii. 72] and the spider [mentioned in xxix. 40], (Fr, S, O,) and the phrase as expl. in the former sense being like the reply to him who says “ Such a one is small ” ذٰلِكَ وَفَوْقَ i. e. (assumed tropical:) And smaller than that: (AO, O:) hence also, in the Kur iii. 12], فَإِنْ كُنَّ نِسَآءً فَوْقَ اثْنَتَيْنِ (Mgh, Msb) i. e. (tropical:) [and if they are women,] exceeding two. (Msb.) فُوقٌ The part, of the arrow, which is the place of the bow-string; [i. e. the notch thereof;] (S, O, Msb, K;) as also ↓ فُوقَةٌ: (Msb, K;) the former is masc., and also, like the latter, fem. (IAmb, Msb:) and الفُوقَانِ signifies the (??) [or two cusps of the فُوق, between which is put the bow string]; (O, K;) thus these are termed by the tribe of Hudheyl; but a poet who has used the dual form is said by AO to has mead thereby a single فُوق: (O:) the pl. [of mult.] is فُوَقٌ and [of pauc.] أَفْوَاقٌ; (S, O, Msb, K;) or, accord. to ISk, these are pls. of فُوقَةٌ; (TA;) and قُفًا also is a pl., formed by transposition; [see an ex. in a verse cited voce عُرْقُوبٌ;] (K, TA;) one says فُقْوَةٌ and فُقًا [for فُوقَةٌ and فُوَقٌ]. (TA.) سَهْمٌ ذُو فُوقٍ means An arrow rendered complete by its having a فُوق: b2: and hence ذَا فُوقٍ occurring in a trad. [as meaning (assumed tropical:) A complete share; for سَهْمٌ signifies “ a share ” as well as “ an arrow ”]. (A'Obeyd, O.) And أَعْلَاهُمْ فُوقًا, meaning (tropical:) He, or they, of them, haring the largest share of religion, is a metaphorical phrase, from the فُوق of the arrow. (TA.) b3: And they say, أَقْبِلْ عَلَى فُوقِ نَبْلِكَ, [or, app., فُوَقِ نَبْلِكَ, for نَبْلٌ is a coll. n., meaning “ arrows,” or “ Arabian arrows,”] meaning (assumed tropical:) Betake thyself to thy affair, and that which concerns thee. (TA.) b4: And رَمَيْنَا فُوقًا, (O, K,) or فُوقًا وَاحِدًا, (TA,) meaning رِشْقًا [i. e. (tropical:) We shot in one direction; or we shot one bout, in one direction], (O, K, TA.) b5: [Hence, app.,] one says, كان فُلَانٌ لِأَوَّلِ فُوقِ, meaning (tropical:) Such a one (??) [for the first discharge from the bow, i. e.,] the first shot and dying. (A, TA.) b6: And [hence, perhaps.] فُوقٌ signifies also (tropical:) A mode, or manner, of speech: (A, O, K:) pl. فُوَقٌ. (TA) One says to a man when he enters upon a mode, or manner, of speech, خَذْ فِى فُوقِ أَحْسَنَ مِنْهُ (tropical:) [Enter upon a mode, or manner, of speech better than it]. (A, TA.) b7: And (tropical:) The first way (AA, O K, TA.) b8: Hence. app., [they say, (??) (tropical:) Return(??) (??) (??) (??) (??) meaning (assumed tropical:) [What is the case of my wife that she is choked by her spittle (??) Then, or afterward,] may it (her spittle) not return to its channel [i. e. her throat, the way whence it came (??) that she may be suffocated). (O.) b9: And one says (O, K) or a man when be l(??) gone away, (O,) مَا ارْتَدَّ عَلَى فُوقِهِ, meaning (assumed tropical:) He went away and he did not return [ to the place whence he departed] (O, K) b10: فُوقٌ also signifies, (O, K.) accord. to Ibn-'Abbád, (O, TA.) (assumed tropical:) The (??) of a woman: (O, K. TA) (??) As says that this is with ق [in the place of the ف]: (TA:) [it is, however, also said that] فُوقُ الرَّحِمِ signifies (tropical:) the rima of the vulva, by way of comparison [to the notch of the arrow]. (TA, in the supplement to this art.) b11: [And app(??) the ear see 1 (??) art حرم, when it is ment(??) in such (??) manner as seems to pre(??) its being a mistranscription for قَوف] b12: and (??) (مَفْرَج, O. TA, (??) the (??) مَخْرَج, TA, (??) (??) (??) say, O) the extremity of the tongue. (O, K, TA.) b13: And (assumed tropical:) The uppermost part of the penis, (En-Nadr, O, K, TA,) or of the glans thereof. (TA.) A2: And, accord. to the K, A certain bird; mean ing a certain aquatic bird: but this is correctly [قُوقٌ,] with two káfs. (TA.) b2: See also فَاقٌ, last sentence but one.

فِيقٌ [originally فِوْقٌ]: see فِيقَةٌ.

A2: Also, as mentioned in this art and in art. فيق, in the K: see فَاقٌ, last sentence but one.

فَيَقٌ and فِيَقٌ: see مُفِيقٌ.

فَاقَةٌ Poverty, (S, O, K,) want, or need. (S, O, Msb, K.) One says, هُوَ ذُو فَاقَةٍ He is one who is in [poverty or] want or need. (Msb.) (See 8.] It has no (unaugmented] verb. (TA.) فُوقَةٌ: see فُوقٌ, first sentence.

A2: And see also فَاقٌ, last sentence but one.

فَوَقَةٌ: see فَائِقٌ [of which, as a part. n., it is a pl.].

فَيْقَةٌ: see what next follows.

فِيقَةٌ, (S, O, &c.,) originally فِوْقَةٌ, (TA,) the و having become ى because of the kesreh before it, (S, O, TA,) The milk that collects (S, O, K) (??) the udder (K) between two milkings: (S, O, K:) and سراج [or this is a mistake for اِبْن السَّرَّاج] has mentioned النَّاقَةِ ↓ فَيْقَةٌ, with fet-h: but ISd says, “ I know not how that is: ” (TA:) pl. ↓ فِيقٌ (S, O, K.) [or rather this is a coll. gen. n. and فَاقَةٌ is its n. un.,] and فِيقٌ (IB. K) and فيقَاتٌ (K.) and أَفْوَاقٌ, [a pl. of pauc.,] (S, O, K.) or (??) be pl. of the pl. فِيَقٌ. (IB. TA.) and أَفَاوِيقَ, (S. O, K,) which is a pi pl. (O, K) [or pl of أَفْوَاقٌ]. [See also عُرَاكَةٌ.] b2: See also above, (??)]. 2, an ex. of أَفَاوِيق in a tropical sense. b3: أَفَاوِيقُ also signifies (tropical:) The water that has collected in the clouds and then falls in rain. (S, O, K, TA ?

time after time. (S, K. TA.) b4: Also, i. e. أَفَاوِيقُ, (tropical:) The greater part of the night: (Lh, O, K, TA) so in the saying, خَرَجنَا بَعْدَ أَفَاوِيقَ مِنَ اللَّيْلِ (??) went forth] after the greater part of the night had passed: (Lh, (??):) or, accord. to Th, after pertions (أَقْطَاع) of the night. (TA.) b5: فِيقَةُ الصُّحَى means (tropical:) The period of the [early portion of the forenoon called the] ضحى when the sun has become high: (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K, TA:) or, accord. to Z, the first part of the ضحى. (TA.) فَوْقَانِىٌّ [Of, or relating to, the location that is above, or over; superior; upper;] rel. n. of فَوْق, like as تَحْتَانِىٌّ is of تَحْت: ا and ن being very often added in the rel. n. (TA. in art. تحت.) b2: And [hence, but more commonly فَوْقَانِيَّةٌ,] A gar ment worn by a man over that which (??) the body; [an upper-coat; generally long, reaching to the heels, ample in width, and with long sleeves: it seems to have been formerly peculiar to men of the learned professions:] of the dia(??) Mekkeh: posts-classical. TA [See Dezy's Dict. des Noms des Vétements (??)hea les Aral(??) p. 343].

فَوَاقٌ The returning supply of milk after sucking or milking. (TA.) b2: See also the next paragraph, in three places.

فُوَاقٌ: see 1, former half, in two places: A2: and see 1 again, latter half: b2: and 4, in two places. b3: Also (tropical:) The time between two milkings; (S, O, Msb, K;) for the she-camel was milked, and then left a little while for her young one to suck her in order that she might yield her milk copiously, after which she was milked again; (S, O;) and likewise the time between two suckings; (Ksh in xxxviii. 14;) and ↓ فَوَاقٌ signifies the same; (S, O, Msb, K:) or, (Msb, TA,) accord. to IF, (Msb,) the فواق of the she-camel is the retuning of the milk into the udder after the milking: (Msb, TA:) or فُوَاقٌ signifies the time between the opening of one's hand and the grasping with it the udder (K, TA) of the camel: or when the milker grasps the udder and then lets it go, in milking: (TA:) the pl. is أَفْوِقَةٌ and آفِقَةٌ; (O, K;) and Fr says that فواق has for its pl. أَفِيقَةٌ, originally أَفْوِقَةٌ, the kesreh of the و being transferred to the ف, and the و being then changed into ى because of the kesreh before it; and أَفْوِقَةٌ has for its pl. أَفْوِقَاتٌ. (TA.) One says, مَا أَقَامَ عِنْدَهُ إِلَّا فُوَاقًا (tropical:) [He did not remain at his abode save as long as the time between two milkings]. (S, O, TA.) And it is said in a trad., العِيَادَةُ قَدْرُ فُوَاقِ النَّاقَةِ (assumed tropical:) [The period of the visiting of a sick person is the space of time between the two milkings of the she-camel]. (S.) And in a trad. of 'Alee occurs the saying, قَالَ لَهُ الأَسِيرُ أَنْظِرْنِى فُوَاقَ نَاقَةٍ i. e. (assumed tropical:) [The captive said to him,] Grant thou me a delay, or respite, as long as the time between two milkings [of a she-camel]. (TA.) مَا لَهَا مِنْ

↓ فَوَاقٍ and فُوَاقٍ in the Kur [xxxviii. 14], accord. to different readings, (S,) the latter the reading of the Koofees except 'Ásim, and the former that of the rest, (O,) means (assumed tropical:) [There shall not appertain to it] any postponement, or delay, and resting: (S:) or, accord. to AO, the latter is the meaning of the former reading; and the latter reading means, any waiting, or expecting: (TA:) or [both mean] any pausing as much as the time between two milkings, (Ksh, Bd,) or two suckings: (Ksh:) or any returning, and repeating; (I'Ab, Ksh, Bd;) from أَفَاقَ “ he (a sick man) returned to a healthy, or sound, state ”; and the فواق of the she-camel, when the supply of milk returns to her udder; (Ksh;) or because in it [i. e. the فواق] the milk returns to the udder; (Bd;) i. e. the blast [to which the words refer] shall be one only; it shall not be repeated. (Ksh.) The saying (Mgh, O, TA) of the Prophet, (O,) related in a trad., (O, TA,) قَسَمَ غَنَائِمَ خَيْبَرَ عَنْ فُوَاقٍ, (Mgh,) or قَسَمَ

↓ الغَنَائِمَ يَوْمَ بَدْرٍ عَنْ فَوَاقٍ (O, TA) and فُوَاقٍ, (TA,) means (assumed tropical:) He divided the spoils [of Kheyber, or on the day of Bedr,] in the space of the rest between two milkings of a she-camel: (TA:) or quickly; (Mgh, O;) عن فواق meaning صَادِرًا عَنْ سُرْعَةٍ [i. e. قَسْمًا صَادِرًا عَنْ سُرْعَةٍ with a dividing proceeding from quickness]: (Mgh, O: *) or, as some say, the meaning is, making some of them [i. e. of those who composed his army] to be more highly distinguished (↓ أَفْوَق) than others (O, TA *) in the proportion of their spoils and of the trial undergone by them. (TA.) A3: See also فَاقٌ, last sentence but one.

فُيَاقٌ, mentioned in this art. in the K: see فَاقٌ, last sentence but one.

فَائِقٌ Superior, excellent, or surpassing: (Mgh, Msb: *) anything excellent, or choice, (O, K, TA,) and pure, in its kind. (TA.) You say, هُوَ فَائِقٌ فِى العِلْمِ [He is superior, excellent, or surpassing, in knowledge], and فِى الفِنَى [in wealth, &c.]. (Mgh.) And جَارِيَةٌ فَائِقَةٌ [A young woman excelling in beauty, or comeliness]. (Msb.) and فَوَقَةٌ [an irreg. pl. of فَائِقٌ, like as خَوَنَةٌ is of خَائِنٌ, for by rule these pls. should be فَاقَةٌ and خَانَةٌ,] signifies Elegant scholars, and orators. (IAar, O, K.) A2: Also The place of junction of the neck with the head: (S, O, K:) therefore when this is high, the neck is long. (S, O.) أَفْوَقُ: see فُوَاقٌ, last sentence but one.

A2: Also An arrow of which the فُوق [or notch] is broken: (S, O, Msb, K, TA:) [and] an arrow having no فُوق: (L voce أَقَذُّ:) pl. فُوَقٌ [perhaps a mistranscription for the regular form of pl., i. e. فُوْقٌ; or it may be that the و is with fet-h to distinguish it from فُوقٌ signifying “ a notch ” of an arrow]: but IAar explains this as signifying arrows of which the heads have fallen. (TA.) One says, رَجَعَ فُلَانٌ بِأَفْوَقَ نَاصَلٍ (assumed tropical:) Such a one returned with an arrow having a broken notch and without a head upon it; meaning, with an incomplete share of good fortune: (S, O:) or, disappointed of attaining what he desired, or sought: a proverb. (TA.) And رَدَدْتُهُ بِأَفْوَقَ نَاصِلٍ (assumed tropical:) [I turned him back, or away, with a paltry benefit; or] I made his share of good fortune to be little, or incomplete. (TA.) And مَا بَلِلْتُ مِنْ فُلَانٍ بِأَفْوَقَ نَاصِلٍ, expl. in the first paragraph of art. بل. b2: مَحَالَةٌ فَوْقَآءُ [A large sheave of a pulley] of which every سِنّ [or tooth, perhaps meaning cog, though I do not remember to have met with any description of a cogged محالة,] has two cusps (فُوقَانِ), (O, K,) like the فوقان [of the notch] of the arrow. (O.) [The strangeness of this explanation induces me to think that فَوْقَآءُ is here a mistranscription for فَوْهَآءُ, (see مَحَالَةٌ فَوْهَآءُ, in art. فوه,) and that the explanation is partly conjectural.] b3: And كَمَرَةٌ فَوْقَآءُ A glans of a penis whereof the extremity is tapering in form, (O, K,) like that which is termed حَوْقَآءُ. (O.) مُفِيقٌ and مُفِيقَةٌ A she-camel having in her udder the milk that had collected between two milkings: (AA, S, O, K:) pl. مَفَاوِيقُ (S, O, K) and مَفَاوِقُ, (Akh, TA,) and ↓ فُيُقٌ also is pl. of مُفِيقٌ signifying as expl. above, mentioned by AA in the third vol. of his “ Nawádir,” and said by IB to be, accord. to analogy, pl. of فُوُوقٌ, and to be originally فُوُقٌ; but accord. to one relation of a verse in which it occurs, it is ↓ فِيَق, which is more agreeable with analogy. (TA.) A2: And the former, applied to a poet, is syn. with مُفْلِقٌ [i. e. One who poetizes admirably, or wonderfully.]. (Aboo-Turáb, K. [But its verb is mentioned in the O and K in art. فيق.]) مُفَوَّقٌ (tropical:) Food, and beverage, that is taken by little and little. (IAar, O, K, TA. [See its verb.]) A2: Applied to an arrow, [Having a notch made for the bow-string. (See 2.) b2: And] Having the bow-string put into its notch on the occasion of shooting: [see 4, last sentence:] b3: whence the saying, لَا زِلْتَ الخَيْرِ مُوَفَّقًا وَسَهْمُكَ فِى الكَرَمِ مُفَوَّقًا (assumed tropical:) [Mayest thou not cease to be rightly disposed in beneficence, and thine arrow made ready with the bow-string put into its notch in generosity]. (A, TA.) مُسْتَفِيقٌ A man who sleeps much: (O, K, TA:) mentioned by IAar; but this is strange.

حمز

1 حَمَزَ, aor. ـِ inf. n. حَمْزٌ, It (milk) was, or became, sour, [so as to burn, or bite, the tongue; and so, app., حَمُزَ, inf. n. حَمَازَةٌ; (see حَمْزٌ, below;) or] in a less degree than such as is termed حَازِرٌ. (TA.) b2: [Hence, app.,] حَمُزَ, inf. n. حَمَازةٌ, (assumed tropical:) He (a man) was, or became, strong, robust, sturdy, or hardy. (S, * K, * TA.) A2: حَمَزَ اللِّسَانَ, aor. ـِ It (beverage, or wine,) stung, or bit, the tongue: (S, K:) or it (milk, and نَبِيذ,) burned the tongue by its strength and sharpness. (Mgh.) b2: and حَمَزَهُ, aor. ـِ (TA,) inf. n. حَمْزٌ, (K,) He took it, seized or grasped it, contracted it, or drew it together; syn. قَبَضَهُ, (K, * TA,) and ضَمَّهُ. (TA.) See حَمُوزٌ. You say, حَمَزَتِ الكَلِمَةُ فُؤَادَهُ (tropical:) The saying contracted his heart, (Lh, A, TA,) and grieved him, (Lh, TA,) or pained him. (TA.) b3: Also, (A, TA,) aor. as above, (TA,) and so the inf. n., (K,) (tropical:) He sharpened it; (A, K, * TA;) namely, an iron instrument, (TA,) an arrow-head or the like. (A.) So in the dial. of Hudheyl. (TA.) حَمْزٌ Acritude of a thing; a quality, or property, like that of burning, or biting, (S, * K, * TA,) such as the taste of mustard: (TA:) and [in like manner] ↓ حَمَازَةٌ signifies the quality, or property, of burning, and sharpness; as in beverage, or wine: (TA:) and ↓ حَمْزةٌ a sourness in milk, with a biting of the tongue; (A;) or a sourness in milk, less than that of milk which is termed حَازِرٌ. (TA.) حَمْزَةٌ: see what next precedes.

حَمُوزٌ, applied to the beverage termed نَبِيذ, [app. when it is in a state of fermentation,] Digestive. (Fr, TA.) b2: ↓ إِنَّهُ لَحَمُوزٌ لِمَا حَمَزَهُ means Verily he is one who keeps, or guards, or takes care of, prudently, or effectually, what he has collected together. (K.) [To the explanation in the K (ضَابِطٌ لِمَا ضَمَّهُ) is added in the TA, ومحتمل له, app. a mistranscription for وَمُحْتَفِلٌ بِهِ and one who manages it well.]

رَجُلٌ حَمِيزُ الفُؤَادِ, and ↓ حَامِزُهُ, (assumed tropical:) A strong-hearted man: (S, TA:) or a man who is active, sharp or quick in intellect, clever, ingenious, or acute in mind, (K, TA,) and strong-hearted. (TA.) b2: And ↓ the latter, (assumed tropical:) A man contrasted in heart. (TA.) حَمَازَةٌ: see حَمْزٌ.

حَامِزٌ Sour, (TA,) and burning, or biting, to the tongue, or acrid; (A, TA;) applied to beverage, or wine: (A:) and milk that bites the tongue: (A:) or milk, and نَبِيذ, that burns the tongue by its strength and sharpness. (Mgh.) You say also رُمَّانَةٌ حَامِزَةٌ, A pomegranate in which is sourness. (A, K.) b2: هَمٌّ حَامِزٌ (assumed tropical:) Intense, or severe, anxiety. (TA.) And حُزَّازٌ حَامِزٌ (S, TA) (assumed tropical:) A wringing, or poignant and burning, pain in the heart, such as arises from wrath &c. (TA.) b3: See also حَمِيز, in two places.

أَفْضَلُ الأَعْمَالِ أَحْمَزُهَا (tropical:) The most excellent of deeds is the strongest, or most powerful: (S, K, * TA:) or the most painful (A, Mgh, TA) and distressing: (Mgh, TA:) from حَامِزٌ, applied to milk and to نَبِيذ, signifying “ that burns the tongue by reason of its strength: ” (Mgh:) a trad., related by I'Ab; (S, TA;) said by Mo-hammad. (TA.) You say also, فُلَانٌ أَحْمَزُ أَمْرًا مِنْ فُلَانٍ (tropical:) Such a one is in harder, or more difficult, circumstances (أَشَدُّ أَمْرًا) than such a one: (TA:) or [more] contracted in circumstances. (ISk, TA.) رَجُلٌ مَحْمُوزُ البَنَانِ, A man strong in the tips, or ends, of the fingers: (S, K, TA:) occurring in a verse of Aboo-Khirásh: (S:) but [SM says,] what I read in a poem of that author is مَحْمُوزُ القِطَاع, meaning, hard and pointed in the arrowheads. (TA.)

بيض

1 بَاضَهُ, (S, K,) first Pers\. بِضْتُ, (M,) aor. ـِ for which one should not say يَبُوضُ, [though it would be agreeable with a general rule respecting verbs denoting surpassingness,] (S, O,) He surpassed him in whiteness. (S, M, O, K.) A2: بَاضَتْ, (S, M, Msb, K, except that in the M and Msb we find the masc. form, بَاضَ, followed by الطَّائِرُ,) aor. ـِ (Msb,) inf. n. بَيْضٌ, (M, Msb,) said of an ostrich, (M,) or a hen, (K,) or any bird, (S, M, Msb,) and the like, (Msb,) She laid her eggs, (M, Msb, TA,) or egg. (Msb.) b2: بَاضَ السَّحَابُ (tropical:) The clouds rained. (IAar, O, K.) A poet says, [using a phrase from which this application of the verb probably originated,] بَاضَ النَّعَامُ بِهِ فَنَفَّرَ أَهْلَهُ

إِلَّا المُقِيمَ عَلَى الدَّوَى المُتَأَفِّنِ (IAar,) i. e. (tropical:) The نعام, meaning the نَعَائِم, [or Twentieth Mansion of the Moon,] sent down rain upon it, and so put to flight its occupants, except him who remained incurring the risk of dying from disease, wasting away: [the last word being in the gen. case, by poetic license, because the next before it is in that case; like خَرِبٍ in the phrase هٰذَا جُحْرُ ضَبٍّ خَرِبٍ:] the poet is describing a valley rained upon and in consequence producing herbage; for the rain of the asterism called النعائم is in the hot season, [when that asterism sets aurorally, (see مَنَازِلُ القَمَرِ, in art. نزل,)] whereupon there grows, at the roots of the حَلِىّ, a plant called نَشْر, which is poisonous, killing beasts that eat of it: the verse is explained as above by El-Mohellebee: (IB:) or, as IAar says, the poet means rain that falls at the نَوْء [by which we are here to understand the setting aurorally] of النعائم; and that when this rain falls, the wise flees and the stupid remains. (O.) b3: بَاضَ بِالمَكَانِ (tropical:) He remained, stayed, or abode, in the place [like as a bird does in the place where she lays her eggs]. (O, K.) b4: بَاضَتِ الأَرْضُ (assumed tropical:) The earth produced كَمْأَة [or truffles, which are thus likened to eggs]: (A, TA:) or (assumed tropical:) the earth produced the plants that it contained: or (assumed tropical:) it became changed in its greenness to yellowness, and scattered the fruit, or produce, and dried up. (M, TA.) b5: بَاضَ الحَرُّ (tropical:) The heat became vehement, or intense. (S, A, K.) A3: بَاضَ القَوْمَ; &c.: see 8, in three places.2 بيّض, (S, M, K,) inf. n. تَبْيِضٌ, (S,) He whitened a thing; made it white; (S, M;) contr. of سَوَّدَ. (K.) He bleached clothes. (M.) [He whitewashed a wall &c. He tinned a copper vessel or the like.] You say, بَيَّضَ اللّٰهُ وَجْهَهُ [lit., God whitened his face: or may God whiten his face: meaning (tropical:) God rendered his face expressive of joy, or cheerfulness; or rejoiced, or cheered, him: or may God &c.: and also God cleared his character; or manifested his honesty, or the like: or may God &c.: see the contr. سَوَّدَ]. (TA.) And بيّض لَهُ [He left a blank space for it; namely, a word or sentence or the like: probably post-classical]. (TA in art. شمس; &c.) b2: [He wrote out fairly, after having made a first rough draught: in this sense, also, opposed to سَوَّدَ: probably post-classical.] b3: (tropical:) He filled a vessel: (M, A, K: *) or he filled a vessel, and a skin, with water and milk. (S, O.) b4: And (tropical:) He emptied (A, K) a vessel: (A:) thus it bears two contr. significations. (K.) 3 بايضهُ, (S, M,) inf. n. مُبَايَضَةٌ, (TA,) He contended with him for superiority in whiteness. (S, M.) b2: بَايَضَنِى فُلَانٌ (tropical:) Such a one acted openly with me; syn. جَاهَرَنِى: from النَّهَارِ ↓ بَيَاضُ [the whiteness of day, or daylight]. (A, TA.) 4 أَبْيَضَتْ and أَبَاضَتْ She (a woman) brought forth white children: and in like manner one says of a man [أَبْيَضَ and أَبَاضَ, meaning He begat white children]. (M, TA.) b2: See also 9, in two places.8 ابتاض He (a man, S) put upon himself a بَيْضَة [or helmet] (S, K, TA) of iron. (TA.) A2: ابتاضهُمْ He entered into their بَيْضَة [or territory, &c.]: (A, TA:) and ابتاضوا القَوْمَ They exterminated the people, or company of men; they extirpated them; (M, K; *) as also ↓ بَاضُوهُمْ: (M:) and اُبْتِيضُوا [originally اُبْتُيِضُوا; in the CK, incorrectly, ابتَيَضُوا;] They were exterminated, or extirpated, (K, TA,) and their بَيْضَة [or quarter, &c.,] was given up to be plundered: (TA:) and اِبْتَضْنَاهُمْ We smote their بيضة [or collective body, &c.,] and took all that belonged to them by force; as also ↓ بِضْنَاهُمْ: and ↓ بِيضَ الحَىُّ The tribe was so smitten &c. (TA.) 9 ابيضّ, (S, M, Msb, K,) and, by poetic license, اِبْيَضَضَّ, [of which see an ex. voce خَفَضَ, and see also 9 in art. حو,] (M, TA,) inf. n. اِبْيِضَاضٌ, (S, Msb,) It was, or became, white; (S, M, Msb;) contr. of اِسْوَدَّ; (K;) as also ↓ ابياضّ, inf. n. اِبْيِيضَاضٌ;. (S;) contr. of اِسْوَادَّ; (K;) and ↓ أَبَاضَ: which ↓ last also signifies it (herbage or pasture) became white, and dried up. (M, TA.) [You say also, ابيضّ وَجْهُهُ, lit., His face became white: meaning (tropical:) his face became expressive of joy, or cheerfulness; or he became joyful, or cheerful: and also his character became cleared; or his honesty, or the like, became manifested: see 2.]11 إِبْيَاْضَّ see 9.

بَيْضٌ: see بَيْضَةٌ, in three places.

بَيْضَةٌ An egg (Msb) of an ostrich, (Mgh,) and of any bird, (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) and the like, i. e. of anything that is termed صَمُوخٌ [or having merely an ear-hole] as distinguished from such as is termed أَذُونٌ [or having an ear that is called أُذُنٌ]: so called because of its whiteness: (TA:) n. un. of ↓ بَيْضٌ: (S, M, * Msb, K:) pl. [of the former] بَيْضَاتٌ (M, Sgh, K) and بَيَضَاتٌ, which latter is irreg., (M, Sgh,) and only used by poetic license; (Sgh;) and (of بَيْضٌ, M) بُيُوضٌ. (M, K.) You say, أَفْرَخَتِ البَيْضَةُ The egg had in it a young bird. (ISh.) And أَفْرَخَ بَيْضَةُ القَوْمِ (assumed tropical:) What was hidden, of the affair, or case, of the people, or company of men, became apparent. (ISh.) [See also art. فرخ.] بَيْضَةُ البَلَدِ signifies The egg which the ostrich abandons. (S, M, K.) And hence the saying, هُوَ أَذَلُّ مِنْ بَيْضَةِ البَلَدِ (tropical:) He is more abject, or vile, than the egg of the ostrich which it abandons (S, A, * K) in the desert. (TA.) You say also, هُوَ بَيْضَةُ البَلَدِ in dispraise and in praise. (IAar, Aboo-Bekr, M.) When said in dispraise, it means (tropical:) He is like the egg of the ostrich from which the young bird has come forth, and which the male ostrich has cast away, so that men and camels tread upon it: (IAar, M:) or he is alone, without any to aid him; like the egg from which the male ostrich has arisen, and which he has abandoned as useless: (TA:) or he is an obscure man, or one of no reputation, whose lineage is unknown. (Ham p. 250.) And when said in praise, it means (tropical:) He is like the ostrich's egg in which is the young bird; because the male ostrich in that case protects it: (IAar, M:) or he is unequalled in nobility; like the egg that is left alone: (M:) or he is a lord, or chief: (IAar, M:) or he is the unequalled of the بَلَد [or country or the like], to whom others resort, and whose words they accept: (K:) or he is a celebrated, or wellknown, person. (Ham p. 250.) [See also art. بلد. And for another meaning of بَيْضَةُ البَلَدِ see below.] b2: (tropical:) A helmet of iron, (AO, S, * M, * Mgh, * K, *) which is composed of plates like the bones of the skull, the edges whereof are joined together by nails; and sometimes of one piece: (AO:) so called because resembling in shape the egg of an ostrich: (AO, M, Mgh: *) in this sense, also, n. un. of ↓ بَيْضٌ. (S, K: [in the CK, for والحَدِيدُ we should read والحَدِيدِ.]) This may be meant in a trad. in which it is said that a man's hand is to be cut off for his stealing a بَيْضَة. (Mgh.) b3: (assumed tropical:) A testicle: (S, K:) pl. بِيضَانٌ. (TA.) b4: (tropical:) The bulb of the saffron-plant [&c.]: as resembling an egg in shape. (Mgh.) b5: (assumed tropical:) [A tuber: for the same reason.] b6: (assumed tropical:) A kind of grape of Et-Táïf, white and large. (M.) b7: (tropical:) The core of a boil: as resembling an egg. (M.) b8: (tropical:) The fat of a camel's hump: for the same reason. (M.) b9: بَيْضَةُ البَلَدِ, in addition to its meanings mentioned above, also signifies (assumed tropical:) The white truffle: (O, K:) or simply truffles; syn. الكَمْأَةُ; (TA;) or these are called الأَرْضِ ↓ بَيْضُ. (A.) b10: بَيْضَةٌ also signifies (tropical:) The continent, or container, or receptacle, (حَوْزَة,) of anything. (S, K, TA.) and [hence] بَيْضَةُ الإِسْلَامِ (tropical:) The place [or territory] which comprises El-Islám [meaning the Muslims]; like as the egg comprises the young bird: (Mgh:) or this signifies the congregation, or collective body, of the Muslims. (Az, M.) And بَيْضَةُ القَوْمِ (tropical:) The quarter, tract, region, or district, of the people, or company of men: (S, K:) the heart; or midst, or main part, of the abode thereof: (S, TA:) the principal place of abode (أَصْل) thereof; (M, TA;) the place that comprises them; the place of their government, or regal dominion; and the seat of their دعوة [i. e. دِعْوَة or kindred and brotherhood]: (TA:) the midst of them: (M:) or, as some say, their [kinsfolk such as are termed]

عَشِيرَة: (TA:) but when you say, أَتَاهُمُ العَدُوُّ فِى

بَيْضَتِهِمْ, the meaning is [the enemy came to them in] their principal place of abode (أَصْل), and the place where they were congregated. (TA.) and بَيْضَةُ الدَّارِ (tropical:) The midst of the country or place of abode or the like: (Az, M, TA:) the main part thereof. (TA.) And بَيْضَةُ المُلْكِ i. q. حَوْزَتُهُ (assumed tropical:) [The seat of regal power: or the heart, or principal part, of the kingdom]. (S and K in art. حوز.) b11: بَيْضَةُ الخِدْرِ (M, A, K) (tropical:) The damsel (M, K) of the خدر [or curtain &c.]: (K: [in the CK, جَارِيَتُهَا is erroneously put for جَارِيَتُهُ:]) because she is kept concealed within it. (TA.) You say also, هِىَ مِنْ بَيْضَاتِ الحِجَالِ (tropical:) [She is of the damsels of the curtained bridal canopies]. (A, TA.) بَيْضَةٌ is used by a metonymy to signify (tropical:) A woman, by way of likening her thereto [i. e. to an egg] in colour, and in respect of her being protected as beneath the wing. (B.) [See Kur xxxvii. 47.] b12: بَيْضَةٌ also signifies (assumed tropical:) White land, in which is no herbage; opposed to سَوْدَةٌ: (TA:) and ↓ بِيضَةٌ, with kesr, white, smooth land; (K;) thus accord. to IAar, with kesr to the ب: (Sh:) and ↓ أَرْضٌ بَيْضَآءُ signifies smooth land, in which is no herbage; as though herbage blackened land: or untrodden land: as also بَيْضَةٌ. (M.) b13: بَيْضَةُ النَّهَارِ The whiteness of day; [daylight;] i. q. ↓ بَيَاضُهُ; (K;) i. e. its light. (Har p. 222.) Yousay, أَتَيْتُهُ فِى بَيْضَةِ النَّهَارِ I came to him in the whiteness of day. (TA.) b14: بَيْضَةُ الحِرِّ (assumed tropical:) The vehemence, or intenseness, of heat. (M.) And بَيْضَةُ القَيْظِ (tropical:) The most vehement, or intense, heat of summer, or of the hottest period of summer, from the [auroral] rising of الدَّبَرَان to that of سُهَيْل; [i. e., reckoning for the commencement of the era of the Flight, in central Arabia, from about the 26th of May to about the 4th of August, O. S.;] (A, * TA;) as also القَيْظِ ↓ بَيْضَآءُ. (A, TA.) And بَيْضَةُ الصَّيْفِ (assumed tropical:) The main part of the صيف [or summer]: (M, TA:) or the vehement, or intense, heat thereof. (Ham p. 250.) بَيضَةٌ: see بَيْضَةٌ, in the latter part of the paragraph.

بَيَاضٌ Whiteness; contr. of سَوَادٌ; in an animal, and in a plant, and in other things; and, accord. to IAar, in water also; (M;) the colour of that which is termed أَبْيَضُ: (S, Msb, * K:) they said بَيَاضٌ and ↓ بَيَاضَةٌ, (S, M, K,) like as they said مَنْزِلٌ and مَنْزِلَةٌ: (S:) بَيَاضَةٌ being applied to a whiteness in the eye. (M.) You say, هٰذَا أَشَدُّ بَيَاضًا مِنْ كَذَا [This is whiter than such a thing]: (S, K: *) but not ↓ أَبْيَضُ منْهُ: (S:) the latter is anomalous; (K;) [like أَسْوَدُ مِنْهُ; q. v.;] but it was said by the people of El-Koofeh, (S, K,) who adduced as authority the saying of the rájiz, جَارِيَةٌ فِى دِرْعِهَا الفَضْفَاضِ

أَبْيَضُ مِنْ أُخْتِ بَنِى إِبَاضِ [A damsel in her ample shift, whiter than the sister of the tribe of Benoo-Ibád]: Mbr, however, says that an anomalous verse is no evidence against a rule commonly approved: and as to the saying of another, إِذَا الرِّجَالُ شَتَوْا وَاشْتَدَّ أَكْلُهُمُ فَأَنْتَ أَبْيَضُهُمْ سِرْبَالَ طَبَّاخِ [When men experience dearth in winter, and their eating becomes vehement, thou art the whitest of them, or rather the white of them, in respect of cook's clothing, having little or nothing to do with entertaining them], the word in question may be considered as an epithet of the measure أَفْعَلُ that is followed by مِنْ to denote excess: but it is only like the instances in the sayings هُوَ أَحْسَنُهُمْ وَجْهًا and أَكْرَمُهُمْ أَبًا, meaning حَسَنُهُمْ وَجْهًا and كَرِيِمُهُمْ

أَبًا; so it is as though he said فَأَنْتَ مُبْيَضُّهُمْ سِرْبَالًا; and as he has prefixed it to a complement which it governs in the gen. case, what follows is in the accus. case as a specificative. (S.) This latter verse is by Tarafeh, who satirizes therein 'Amr Ibn-Hind; and is also differently related in respect of the first hemistich, and the first word of the second. (L, TA.) b2: بَيَاضُ النَّهَارِ: see 3; and see بَيْضَةٌ, near the end of the paragraph. b3: بَيَاضٌ is also used elliptically for ذُو بَيَاضٍ; and thus means (assumed tropical:) White clothing; as in the saying, فُلَانٌ يَلْبَسُ السَّوَادَ وَالبَيَاضَ Such a one wears black and white clothing. (Mgh.) [Hence, also, it has other significations, here following.] b4: (assumed tropical:) Milk. (K.) See an ex., voce سَوَادٌ. b5: [(assumed tropical:) The white of an egg.] b6: بَيَاضُ الأَرْضِ (assumed tropical:) That part of land wherein is no cultivation nor population and the like. (M.) b7: بَيَاضُ الجِلْدِ (assumed tropical:) That part of the skin upon which is no hair. (M.) b8: (tropical:) بَيَاضٌ also signifies (tropical:) A man's person; like سَوَادٌ; syn. شَخْصٌ; as in the saying, لَا يُزَايِلُ سَوَادِى بَيَاضَكَ (tropical:) My person will not separate itself from thy person. (As, A, TA.) بَيُوضٌ A hen that lays many eggs; (S, M, A, * K; *) as also ↓ بَيَّاضَةٌ: (M:) [but in the Msb it is evidently used as signifying simply oviparous:] pl. (of the former, S, M *) بُيُضٌ (S, M, A, K) and بِيضٌ, (S, M, K,) the latter in the dial. of those who say رُسْلٌ for رُسُلٌ, the ب being with kesr in order that the ى may remain unchanged; (S, M;) but sometimes they said بُوضٌ. (M.) بَيَاضَةٌ: see بَيَاضٌ.

بَائِضٌ A hen, (Az, K,) or bird, (S, Msb,) and the like, (Msb,) laying an egg or eggs: (Az, S, * Msb, K: *) without ة because the cock does not lay eggs: (Az, TA:) or it is applied also to a cock, (M, TA,) and to a crow, (M, A, TA,) [as meaning begetting an egg or eggs,] in like manner as one uses the word وَالِدٌ. (M, TA.) بَيَّاضٌ A bleacher of clothes; as a kind of rel. n.; not as a verbal epithet; for were it this, it would be مُبَيِّضٌ. (M.) b2: A seller of eggs. (M.) b3: بَيَّاضَةٌ: see بَيُوضٌ.

أَبْيَضُ White; contr. of أَسْوَدُ; (A, K;) having whiteness: (Msb:) fem. بَيْضَآءُ: (Msb:) pl. بِيضٌ, originally بُيْضٌ, (S, Msb, K,) the damm being converted into kesr in order that the ى may remain unchanged, (S, K,) [i. e.] to suit the ى. (Msb.) In the phrase أَعْطِنِى أَبْيَضَّهْ, mentioned by Sb, as used by some of the Arabs, meaning أَبْيَضَ, [i. e. Give thou to me a white one,] ه is subjoined as it is in هُنَّهْ for هُنَّ, and the ض is doubled because the letter of declinability cannot have ه subjoined to it; wherefore the letter of declinability is the first ض, and the second is the augmentative, and for this reason it has subjoined to it the ه whereof the purpose is to render plainly perceivable the vowel [which is necessarily added after the doubled ض]: Aboo-'Alee says, [app. of the ه,] that it should properly have neither fet-h nor any vowel. (M.) b2: Applied to a man &c., it was sometimes used to signify White in complexion: but in this sense they generally used the epithet أَحْمَرُ. (IAth, TA in art. حمر.) They also said, فُلَانٌ أَبْيَضُ الوَجْهِ and فُلَانَةُ بَيْضَآءُ الوَجْهِ, meaning Such a man, and such a woman, is clear, in face, from freckles or the like, and unseemly blackness. (Az, TA.) And they used بِيضَانٌ, (S, K,) a pl. of أَبْيَضُ, (TA,) in the contr. of the sense of سُودَانٌ, (S, K,) [i. e. as signifying Whites,] applied to men: (S:) though they applied the appellation أَبُو البَيْضَآءِ to the Abyssinian: (TA in art. عور:) or to the negro: and أَبُو الجَوْنِ to the white man. (ISk.) But accord. to Th, أَبْيَضُ applied to a man signifies only (tropical:) Pure; free from faults: (IAth, TA in art. حمر:) or, so applied, unsullied in honour, nobility, or estimation; (Az, K;) free from faults; and generous: and so بَيْضَآءُ applied to a woman. (Az.) [In the lexicons, however, (see, for ex., among countless other instances, an explanation of بَضَّةٌ in the S,) and in other post-classical works, it is generally used, when thus applied, in its proper sense, of White; or fair in complexion.] b3: كَتِيبَةٌ بَيْضَآءُ An army, or a portion thereof, upon which the whiteness of the [arms or armour of] iron is apparent. (M.) b4: And بَيْضَآءُ alone, [as a subst.,] A piece of paper [without writing]. (Har p. 311.) b5: الأَبْيَضُ The sword: (S, A, K:) because of its whiteness: (TA:) pl. بِيضٌ. (S.) b6: Silver: (A, K:) because of its whiteness: like as gold is called الأَحْمَرُ [because of its redness]. (TA.) b7: The saliva (رضاب) of the mouth. (Ham p. 348.) b8: A certain star in the margin of the milky way. (A, K.) b9: البَيْضَآءُ The sun: because of its whiteness. (M.) b10: Waste, or uncultivated, or uninhabited, land: (K, * TA: [in the CK الجِرابُ is erroneously put for الخَرَابُ:]) opposed to السَّوْدَآءُ: because dead lands are white; and when planted, become black and green. (TA.) See also بَيْضَةٌ, near the end. b11: Wheat: (K:) as also السَّمْرَآءُ. (TA.) b12: Fresh [grain of the kind called] سُلْت. (El-Khattábee, K.) b13: A certain kind of wood; that which is called الحَوَرُ: (K in art. حور:) because of its whiteness. (TA in that art.) [See حَوَرٌ.]

b14: The cooking-pot; as also أُمُّ بَيْضَآءَ. (AA, K.) b15: The snare with which one catches game. (IAar, K.) b16: الأَبْيَضَانِ Milk and water. (ISk, S, M, A, K.) A poet says, وَمَا لِىَ إِلَّا الأَبْيَضَيْنِ شَرَابُ [And I have not any beverage except milk and water]. (ISk, S, M.) b17: Bread and water: (As, M, K:) or wheat and water: (Fr, K:) or fat and milk. (AO, K.) b18: Fat and youthfulness (Az, IAar, M, A, K.) You say, ذَهَبَ أَبْيَضَاهُ His fat and youthfulness departed. (TA.) b19: مَا رَأَيْتُهُ مُذْ أَبْيَضَانِ I have not seen him for, or during, two days: (Ks, M, A, K:) or two months. (Ks, M, K.) b20: أَيَّامُ البِيضِ, (Msb, K,) or simply البِيضُ, (Mgh,) for أَيَّامُ اللَّيَالِى البِيضِ; [The days of the white nights;] i. e. the days of the thirteenth and fourteenth and fifteenth nights of the month; (Mgh, Msb, K;) so called because they are lighted by the moon throughout: (Msb:) or of the twelfth and thirteenth and fourteenth nights: (K:) but this is of weak authority, and extr.: the former is the correct explanation: (MF, TA:) you should not say الأَيَّامُ البِيضُ: (Ibn-El-Jawá- leekee, IB, K:) yet thus it is in most relations of a trad. in which it occurs; and some argue for it; and the author of the K has himself explained الأَوَاضِحُ by الأَيَّامُ البِيضُ. (TA.) b21: سَنَةٌ بَيْضَآءُ (assumed tropical:) A year [of scarcity of herbage,] such as is a mean between that which is termed شَهْبَآء and that which is termed حَمْرَآء. (TA in art. شهب.) b22: كَلَامٌ

أَبْيَضُ (tropical:) Language expounded or explained. (M.) b23: كَلَّمْتُهُ فَمَا رَدَّ عَلَىَّ سَوْدَآءَ وَلَا بَيْضَآءَ (tropical:) I spoke to him, and he did not return to me a bad word nor a good one. (M.) b24: يَدٌ بَيْضَآءُ (assumed tropical:) A demonstrating, or demonstrated, argument, plea, allegation, or evidence. (M.) b25: And (assumed tropical:) A favour, or benefit, for which one is not reproached; and which is conferred without its being asked. (M.) [See also يَدٌ.] b26: المَوْتُ الأَبْيَضُ (assumed tropical:) Sudden death; (K, TA;) such as is not preceded by disease which alters the complexion: or, as some say, death without the repentance, and the prayer for forgiveness, and the accomplishment of necessary duties, usual with him who is not taken unawares; from بَيَّضَ signifying “ he emptied ” a vessel: so says Sgh: opposed to المَوْتُ الأَحْمَرُ, which is slaughter. (TA.) b27: بَيْضَآءُ also signifies (assumed tropical:) A calamity, or misfortune: (Sgh, K:) app. as a term of good omen; like سَلِيمٌ applied to one who is stung by a scorpion or bitten by a serpent. (TA.) b28: بَيْضَآءُ القَيْظِ: see بَيْضَةٌ, last sentence but one.

A2: هٰذَا أَبْيَضُ مِنْ كَذَا; &c.: see بَيَاضٌ.

مَبِيضٌ A place for laying eggs. (ISd, TA in art. فحص.) مُبِيضَةٌ A woman who brings forth white children: the contr. is termed مُسْوِدَةٌ: (Fr, K:) but مُوضِحَةٌ is more commonly used in the former sense. (O.) مُبْيَضَّةٌ The fair copy, or transcript, made from a first rough draught; which latter is called مُسْوَدَّةٌ: probably post-classical.]

مُبَيِّضٌ A man wearing white clothing. (TA.) b2: Hence, المُبَيِّضَةُ A sect of [the class called] the ثَنَوِيَّة, (S, K,) the companions of المُقَنَّع; (S;) so called because they made their clothes white, in contradistinction to the مُسَوِّدَة, the partisans of the dynasty of the 'Abbásees; (S, K, *) for the distinction of these was black: they dwelt in Kasr 'Omeyr. (TA.) [See also الحَرُورِيَّةُ.]

جدر

1 جَدَرَ, (K,) aor. ـُ (TA,) He made a جِدَار [app. here meaning a wall of enclosure]; syn. حَوَّطَ: (K:) or he built a جدار: and he founded it. (Ham p. 818.) A2: He concealed himself by means of a جِدار [or wall]. (Th, K.) A3: جُدِرَ, (A, K,) inf. n. جَدْرٌ; (TA;) and جَدَرَ, (Lh, K,) aor. ـُ inf. n. جَدْرٌ; (Lh, TA;) and ↓ جُدِّرَ, (S, (A, K,) which last some disallow, because this form denotes repetition, and the verb signifies the having a disease that befalls but once in a man's life; (MF;) He (a man, S, or a child, A) had, or became attacked by, جُدَرِىّ [or small-pox]. (S, A, K.) [And جَدَرَ الجُدَرِىُّ The small-pox came forth, or broke out; as in the TK: for its inf. n.]

جَدْرٌ signifies the coming forth, or breaking out, of the جُدَرِىّ. (K.) A4: جَدُرَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. جَدَارَةٌ, He, or it, was, or became, adapted, disposed, apt, meet, suited, suitable, fitted, fit, competent, proper, or worthy. (K.) You say, جَدُرَ بِهِ [and لَهُ ] He was, or became, adapted, disposed, apt, &c., for it. (A.) [And جَدُرَ أَنْ يَفْعَلَ كَذَا He was, or became, adapted, disposed, apt, &c., for doing such a thing. See جَدِيرٌ .]

A5: جَدَرَهُ He made, or called, (جَعَلَ,) him, or it, adapted, disposed, apt, meet, suited, suitable, fitted, fit, competent, proper, or worthy. (K.) 2 جَدَّرَ بِنَآءَهُ: see 8.

A2: جُدِّرَ: see 1.4 مَا أَجْدَرَهُ بِالخَيْرِ [and لِلْخَيْرِ] How well adapted or disposed, or how apt, meet, suited, suitable, fitted, fit, competent, or proper, is he for what is good! or how worthy is he of what is good! (A.) And مَا أَجْدَرَهُ أَنْ يَفْعَلَ ذٰلِكَ, and أَجْدِرْ بِهِ, How well adapted or disposed, or how apt, meet, &c., is he for doing that! or how worthy is he to do that! (TA.) The usage of جَدُرَ, signifying “ he was, or became, adapted, &c.,” refutes the assertion of certain grammarians that these two forms of the verb deviate from general rule. (MF.) 8 اجتدر بِنَآءَهُ; and ↓ جدّرهُ, inf. n. تَجْدِيرٌ (K) and مُجَدَّرٌ; (TA;) He raised his building high; or constructed it firmly and strongly, and raised it high; syn. شَيَّدَهُ. (K, TA.) [In the CK, we read اِجتَدَرَ بِنَاهُ, as though the pronoun ه referred to the word جِدَار, which precedes; and thus the verb signified “ he built a wall; ” but it is shown in the TA that the right reading is that given above.] Q. Q. 1 جَنْدَرَ الكِتَابَ He passed the pen over what had become obliterated, of the writing, (S, K,) in order that it might become distinct. (S.) and جندر الثَّوْبَ He renewed the variegated, or figured, work of the garment, or piece of cloth, after it had gone. (S, K.) [J says,] I think it to be an arabicized word. (S) جَدْرٌ A wall; or a wall of enclosure; syn. حَائِطٌ; as also ↓ جِدَارٌ, [which is the more common]: (S, A, Msb, K:) pl. of the former, جُدُرٌ, (S, Msb, K,) sometimes used as a pl. of pauc., (Sb, TA,) and جُدْرٌ; (K;) and of the latter, جُدْرَانٌ. (S, Msb, K.) b2: The basis, or foundation, of a wall: (K:) and the side of a wall: (Lh, K:) pl., in both these senses, جُدُورٌ. (TA.) الجَدْرُ is applied to The [wall called the]

حَطِيم (A, K) of the Kaabeh; (K;) because in it is a part of the [original] foundations of the house: (TA:) and it is also called الحِجْرُ. (A.) b3: (assumed tropical:) A fence, or dam, raised of branches, to retain water; likened to a wall: (Az, Msb:) or a fence, or dam, to confine water: pl. جُدُورٌ: (Suh, Msb:) and جُدُرٌ, [which is also a pl.,] signifies fences, or dams, between houses, which retain water. (TA.) b4: [The pl.] جُدُورٌ also signifies Gardens, or walled gardens, (حَوَائِط,) of grapes. (TA.) جَدَرَةٌ: see جَدِيرَةٌ جُدَرِىٌّ and جَدَرِىٌّ (S, Msb, K) [Small-pox;] certain pustules (Msb, K) in the body, (K,) which break forth (Msb, K) from the skin, full of water, and afterwards opening, (Msb,) and generating thick purulent matter; (K;) a well-known disease, that attacks people once during life. (TA.) b2: جُدَرِىُّ الأَرْضِ (tropical:) an appellation applied to Truffles (كَمْأَة), denoting disapprobation. (TA from a trad.) جِدَارٌ: see جَدْرٌ: and see also جَدِيرَةٌ.

جَدِيرٌ A place having a wall built around it; a walled place. (S, K.) A2: See also مُجَدَّرٌ.

A3: Also Adapted, disposed, apt, meet, suited, suitable, fitted, fit, proper, competent, or worthy; syn. خَلِيقٌ (S, A, Msb, K) and حَقِيقٌ: (Msb:) fem. with ة: (TA:) pl. mase. جَدِيرُونَ and جُدَرَآءُ: (S, K:) pl. fem. جَدِيرَاتٌ and جَدَائِرُ. (TA.) You say, هُوَ جَدِيرٌ بِكَذَا (S, A, Msb) and لِكَذَا (TA) He is adapted, disposed, apt, meet, &c., for such a thing; (S, A, Msb;) and [naturally] drawn to it. (Ham p. 707.) And أَنْتَ جَدِيرٌ أَنْ تَفْعَلَ كَذَا Thou art adapted, disposed, apt, meet, &c., for doing such a thing; or worthy to do it. (S.) And أَنْ يَفْعَلَ ↓ إِنَّهُ لَمَجْدَرَةٌ, (K,) and in like manner you say of two persons, and of more, (TA,) and ↓ مَجْدُورٌ, (K.) Verily he is one who is adapted, disposed, apt, meet, &c., for doing [such a thing]; or worthy to do [it]; syn. مَخْلَقَةٌ. (K.) [↓ مَجْدَرَةٌ properly signifies A place, and hence a thing, an affair, and a person, adapted, disposed, apt, meet, &c.; like مَخْلَقَةٌ and مَحْرَاةٌ: and ↓ مَجْدُورٌ, Made, or called, adapted or disposed &c., though said by Aboo-Jaafar Er-Ru- ásee to be a pass. part. n. having no verb.] Also بِذٰلِكَ ↓ إِنَّهَا لَمَجْدَرَةٌ Verily she is one who is adapted, disposed, apt, &c., for that: and بِأَنْ تَفْعَلَ ذٰلِكَ for doing that: and in like manner you say of two persons, and of more. (TA.) And لِذَاكَ ↓ هٰذَا الأَمْرُ مَجْدَرَةٌ This affair, or thing, is one that is adapted, apt, meet, &c., for that; syn. مَحْرَاةٌ. (S.) And ↓ هٰذَا الأَمْرُ مَجْدَرَةٌ مِنْهُ This affair, or thing, is one that is adapted, apt, meet, &c., for him to do; i. e. he is adapted, apt, meet, &c., for doing it. (TA.) جَدِيرَةٌ An enclosure for camels, (Az, S, K,) and for lambs and kids and calves &c., (TA,) made of masses of stone; (Az, S;) as also ↓ جَدَرَةٌ: (TA:) if of mud, or clay, it is called ↓ جِدَارٌ: (Az, TA:) or an enclosure (زَرْب ) for sheep or goats. (TA.) A2: Nature; or natural, or native, disposition, temper, or other property. (K) هُوَ أَجْدَرُ بِهِ He, or it, is more, or most, adapted, disposed, apt, meet, suited, suitable, fitted, fit, competent, or proper, for it, or him; or he is more, or most, worthy of it. (A.) [See an ex. in a verse cited voce خُطَّةٌ.]

أَرْضٌ مَجْدَرَةٌ A land in which is حُدَرِىّ [or small-pox]: (Lh, S:) or a land in which is much thereof. (K.) A2: See also جَدِيرٌ, in five places.

مُجَدَّرٌ (S, Mgh, Msb, K) and ↓ مَجْدُورٌ (Mgh, K) and ↓ جَدِيرٌ (Msb, TA) Having the جُدَرِىّ [or small-pox]. (S, Mgh, Msb, K.) And ↓ مَجْدُورٌ الوَجْهِ [Having the face marked with the smallpox]. (A.) مَجْدُورٌ: see مُجَدَّرٌ: A2: and see also جَدِيرٌ, in two places.