نخر

1 نَخَرَ, (S, A, Msb, K,) aor. ـُ (S, Msb, K) and نَخِرَ, (S, K,) inf. n. نَخِيرٌ, (S, A, Msb, K,) and نَخْرٌ, (CK, but omitted in MS. copies of the K,) said of a horse, (As, TA,) and of an ass, (A, TA,) and of a man, (TA,) [He snorted; and he snored;] he made a sound, or noise, with the nose; (S;) he made a sound, or noise, from his nose; he prolonged the breath from the خَيَاشِيم [or air-passages of the nose]; (Msb;) he made a sound, or noise, from his خياشيم, as though it were a musical note issuing convulsively; (TA;) he uttered a prolonged sound, or noise, from his خياشيم: (A, K:) the sound which horses make, termed نَخِيرٌ, is from the nostrils; that termed شَخِيرٌ, from the mouth; and that termed كَرِيرٌ, from the chest. (As, in TA, art. شخر.) You also say of a woman نَخَرَتْ, aor. ـُ and نَخِرَ, (L,) or نَخَرَ, (so in the TA,) meaning, She made the same noise, [i. e., she snorted,] in the act of concubitus, as though she were possessed. (L, TA.) A2: نَخِرَ, (S, Msb, K,) aor. ـَ (Msb, K,) inf. n. نَخَرٌ, (Msb,) It (a thing, S, or a bone, Msb, TA, and wood, TA) became old and wasted and crumbling; (S, Msb, K;) it became old and wasted and soft, crumbling when touched. (TA.) نَخِرٌ (S, Msb, K) and ↓ نَاخِرٌ (Msb, K) A bone, (S, Msb,) and wood, (TA,) old and wasted and crumbling; (S, Msb, K;) old and wasted and soft, crumbling when touched: (TA:) fem. of each with ة: (K:) or the former signifies a bone old and wasted: (K:) and the latter, a hollow bone, having a hole passing through it, (K, TA,) whence comes, when the wind blows, a sound like that which is termed نَخِيرٌ; [see نَخَرَ;] (TA;) a bone into which the wind enters and whence it then issues with the sound so termed; (S;) a bone, and wood, in which the wind makes the sound so termed. (A.) Of the two readings, in the Kur, [lxxix. 11,] عِظَامًا نَاخِرَةً and عِظَامًا نَخِرَةً, Fr prefers the former, as agreeable in form with the words ending the other verses; and he says that نَاخِرَةٌ and نَخِرَةٌ are the same in meaning, like طَامِعٌ and طَمِعٌ. (TA.) نُخْرَةٌ (tropical:) A vehement blowing of the wind. (S, A, K.) A2: Also, (S, A, K,) and ↓ نُخَرَةٌ, (S,) The fore part of the nose, (S, K,) i. e., the head thereof, [or the flexible part,] of a man, (TA,) and of a horse, and of an ass, and of a pig, (S,) and of a sheep or goat, and of a she-camel: (TA:) or the hole thereof; (K;) i. q. ↓ مَنْخِرٌ: (A:) or the part between the two nostrils: or the end, or tip, of the nose: (K:) or, as some say, the nose itself: (A, TA:) whence the saying, (TA,) هشم نُخْرَتَهُ He broke his nose. (S, TA.) نُخَرَةٌ: see نُخْرَةٌ.

نَاخِرٌ Making the sound termed نَخِيرٌ: see 1. (TA.) b2: مَا بِهَا نَاخِرٌ, (S, K,) i. e., بِالدَّارِ, (A,) (tropical:) There is not any one in it, (El-Báhilee, Yaakoob, S, K,) i. e., in the house. (A.) A2: See also نَخِرٌ.

مَنْجَرٌ, مُنْخُرٌ and مِنْخِرٌ: see مَنْخِرٌ.

مَنْخِرٌ, [the most common form,] originally, The place of the sound termed نَخِيرٌ. See 1. (Msb.) b2: And hence, (Msb,) The hold of the nose; the nostril; (S, Msb, K;) as also ↓ مِنْخِرٌ, (T, S, Msb, K,) with kesr to the م to agree with the vowel of the خ, like as they say مِنْتِنٌ [for مُنْتِنٌ], (S, Msb,) both of which words are extr., as مِفْعِلٌ is not one of the [regular] measures, (S,) and it is said that there is no word of this measure beside these two, (Msb,) or ↓ مِنْخِرٌ is for ↓ مِنْخِيرٌ, and in like manner مِنْتِنٌ is for مِنْتِينٌ, which is the original form, (T, TA,) and ↓ مِنْخَرٌ and ↓ مُنْخُرٌ (K) and ↓ مُنْخُورٌ, (S, Msb, K,) like عُصْفُورٌ (Msb) and مُلْمُولٌ, (K, [in the CK, erroneously, مَلْمُول]) which last is [said to be] of the dial. of Teiyi, (Msb,) and said to occur in a verse of Gheylán, but IB says that the right reading is مَنْحُور, with ح, syn. with نَحْرٌ: (Sgh, in art. نحر; and L, in the present art.) pl. مَنَاخِرُ and مَنَاخِيرُ; (Msb;) [the latter irreg., unless pl. of مِنْخِيرٌ or مُنْخُورٌ.]

مِنْخَارٌ A man who makes the sound termed نَخِيرٌ [see نَخَرَ] in the act of concubitus: (TA:) and a woman who does so in that act, as though she were possessed. (K.) مُنْخُورٌ: see مَنْخِرٌ.

مِنْخِيرٌ: see مَنْخِرٌ.

نشر

1 نَشَرَ, (S, A, Msb,) aor. ـُ (S, TA,) inf. n. نَشْرٌ, (S, A, Msb, K,) He spread, spread out, or open, expanded, or unfolded, (S, TA,) a garment or piece of cloth (A, Msb, TA) or the like, (TA,) goods, &c., (S,) and a writing; (A;) contr. of طَوَى; (A, K;) as also ↓ نشّر, inf. n. تَنْشِيرٌ: (K, TA:) [or the latter is with teshdeed to denote muchness, or frequency, or repetition, of the action, or its application to many objects, as is shown by an explanation of its act. part. n., which see below. Hence لَفٌّ وَنَشْرٌ: see art. لف.] b2: [He spread out, or, as we say, pricked up, his ears: and hence the saying,] نَشَرَ لِذٰلِكَ الأَمْرِ أُذُنَيْهِ, lit., He spread out his ears at that thing: meaning, (tropical:) he was covetous of that thing, or eager for it. (Har. p. 206.) [See نَاشِرٌ, below.] b3: نَشَرَ الخَبَرَ, (S, A, K,) aor. ـُ and نَشِرَ, (S, K,) inf. n. نَشْرٌ, (K,) (tropical:) He spread, or published, the news. (S, A, K.) b4: Also نَشَرَ, aor. ـُ (Msb,) inf. n. نَشْرٌ; (Msb, K;) [and ↓ نشّر, or this is with teshdeed for the purpose mentioned above;] He scattered, or dispersed, (Msb, K, TA,) [people, &c.; or] sheep or goats, (Msb, TA,) and camels, (TA,) after confining them in the nightly resting-place. (Msb.) b5: He sprinkled water. (A.) b6: نَشَرَتِ الرِّيحُ The wind blew in a misty or cloudy day [so as to disperse the mist or clouds]. (IAar, K.) b7: نَشَرَ عَنْهُ, (A, K,) inf. n. نَشْرٌ; (A;) and عَنْهُ ↓ نشّر, (A, L, TA,) inf. n. تَنْشِيرٌ; (S, A, L, TA;) and in like manner ↓ نشّرهُ; (S, TA;) (tropical:) He charmed away from him sickness, (S, * A, L, K, *) and diabolical possession, or madness, (L, K,) by a نُشْرَة, i. e., a charm, or an amulet; (S, A, L, K;) as though he dispersed it from him: (A:) and in like manner ↓ نشّرهُ he wrote for him a نُشْرَة. (S.) El-Kilábee says, فَإِذَا نُشِرَ المَسْفُوعُ كَانَ كَأَنَّمَا أُنْشِطَ مِنْ عِقَالٍ (tropical:) [And when he who is smitten by the evil eye is charmed by a نُشْرَة, he is as though he were loosed from a bond]: i. e., it [the effect of the eye] departs from him speedily. (S [in two copies of which I find نُشِرَ, as above; but in the TA, ↓ نُشِّرَ.]) And in a trad. it is said, بِقُلْ أَعُوذُ بِرَبِّ النَّاسِ ↓ نَشَّرَهُ (tropical:) He charmed away the effect of enchantment from him [by the words “ Say I seek refuge in the Lord of men: ” the commencement of the last chap. of the Kur-án]. (S.) A2: نَشَرَ, (El-Hasan, Zj, A, K.) aor. ـُ (TA,) inf. n. نَشْرٌ and نُشُورٌ; (K, TA;) or ↓ أَنْشَرَ; (I'Ab, Fr, S, A, Mgh, Msb;) or both; (A, K;) (tropical:) He (God, S, A, &c.) raised the dead to life; quickened them; revivified, or revived, them. (Zj, S, A, Mgh, Msb, K, &c.) I'Ab reads [in the Kur, ii. 261,] كَيْفَ نُنْشِرُهَا [How we will raise them to life], and adduces in his favour the words [in the Kur. lxxx. 22,] ↓ ثُمَّ إِذَا شَآءَ أَنْشَرَهُ (tropical:) [Then, when He pleaseth, He raiseth him to life]: El-Hasan reads نَنْشُرُهَا: [and others read نُنْشِزُهَا, with záy:] but Fr says, that El-Hasan holds it to refer to unfolding and folding, and that the proper way is to use انشر [in this sense,] transitively, and نَشَرَ intransitively. (S, TA.) [See also طَوَىَ, which has the contr. meaning.]

b2: Hence, الرَّضَاعُ العَظْمَ ↓ أَنْشَرَ: i. q. أَنْشَزَ, with záy: (Msb:) or (tropical:) The sucking strengthened the bone. (Mgh.) A3: نَشَرَ, (S, A, Msb, K,) aor. ـُ (S,) inf. n. نُشُورٌ (S, A, Msb, TA) and نَشْرٌ, (Msb,) agreeably with what Fr says, (S,) signifies (tropical:) He (a dead person) lived after death; came to life again; revived; (S, TA;) or lived; came to life; (A, Msb;) as also ↓ انتشر. (A.) Hence يَوْمُ النُّشُورِ (tropical:) The day of resurrection. (S.) b2: نَشَرَ, (TA,) inf. n. نَشْرٌ, (K, TA,) (tropical:) It (herbage, or pasturage,) became green in consequence of rain in the end of summer after it had dried up. (TA.) b3: (tropical:) It (a plant) began to grow forth in the ground. (K, * TA.) You say, مَا أَحْسَنَ نَشْرَهَا (tropical:) How good is its first growth! (TA.) b4: (assumed tropical:) It (a tree) put forth its leaves. (K.) b5: (assumed tropical:) It (foliage) spread. (K.) b6: نَشَرَتِ الأَرْضُ, (S, A, K,) aor. ـُ (TA,) inf. n. نُشُورٌ, (K,) (tropical:) The land being rained upon in the end of summer, its herbage, or pasturage, became green after it had dried up: (S, TA:) or the land, being watered by the rain called الرَّبِيع, put forth its herbage. (A, K.) See نَشْرٌ.

A4: نَشَرَ, (S, A, Msb,) aor. ـُ (S,) inf. n. نَشْرٌ, (K,) (tropical:) [He sawed wood;] he cut (قَطَعَ, S, or نَحَتَ, K) wood, (S, A, Msb, K,) with a مِنْشَار. (S, A, Msb.) 2 نَشَّرَ see 1, in five places, throughout the former half of the paragraph.3 ناشرهُ الثِّيَابَ [He spread, or unfolded, with him the garments or pieces of cloth]. (A.) 4 أَنْشَرَ see 1, after the middle of the paragraph.5 تَنَشَّرَ see 8, in two places.6 تناشروا الثِّيَابَ [They spread, or unfolded, one with another, the garments, or pieces of cloth]. (A.) 8 انتشر [quasi-pass. of 1,] It spread, expanded, or unfolded; it became spread, expanded, or unfolded; as also ↓ تنشّر: (K:) [or the latter, being quasi-pass. of 2, denotes muchness, &c.] b2: انتشرت النَّخْلَةُ The branches of the palm-tree spread forth. (K.) [And انتشرت الأَغْصَانُ The branches spread forth: and the branches straggled.] b3: انتشر الخَبَرُ (tropical:) The news spread, or became published, (S, A, K,) فِى النَّاسِ among the people. (A.) b4: And انتشرت الرَّائِحَةُ (assumed tropical:) [The odour spread, or diffused itself.] (K in art. فوح; &c.) b5: انتشر النَّهَارُ (assumed tropical:) The day became long and extended: (K:) and so one says of other things. (TA.) b6: انتشر العَصَبُ (assumed tropical:) The sinews, or tendons, became inflated, or swollen, (K,) by reason of fatigue: (TA:) إِنْتِشَارٌ is a state of inflation, or swelling, in the sinews, or tendons, of a beast, occasioned by fatigue: (S:) AO says, that the sinew, or tendon, which becomes inflated, or swollen, is the عُجَايَة, (S, * TA,) and that what is termed تَحَرُّكُ الشَّظَى is similar to this affection, excepting in its not being so well endured by the horse: by another, or others, it is said, that انتشار of the sinews, or tendons, of a beast, in his fore leg, is a breaking, and consequent displacement, of those sinews. (TA.) b7: انتشر ذَكَرْهُ (assumed tropical:) His penis became erect. (TA.) [And hence,] انتشر الرَّجُلُ (tropical:) The man became excited by lust. (S, K.) b8: انتشر المَآءُ [In my copy of the A, استنشر, but this I regard as a mistranscription,] The water became sprinkled; as also ↓ تنشّر: (A:) [or the latter signifies it became much sprinkled.] b9: انتشروا فى الأَرْضِ They became scattered, or dispersed, or they scattered, or dispersed, themselves, in the land, or earth. (A.) b10: انتشرت الغَنَمَ, (Msb, TA,) and الإِبِلُ, (K, TA,) The sheep or goats [and the camels] became scattered, or dispersed, after having been confined in their nightly resting-place: (Msb:) or the sheep or goats (TA) and the camels (K, TA) became scattered, or dispersed, through negligence of their pastor. (K, TA.) b11: انتشر الأَمْرُ (assumed tropical:) The state of things, or affairs, became dissolved, broken up, decomposed, disorganized, or unsettled; syn. تَشَّتَتَ. (TA, art. شت.) A2: See also 1, latter part of the paragraph. b2: انتشر also signifies He put himself in motion, and went on a journey. (TA, in art. بسر.) b3: انتشر الذِّئبُ فِى الغَنَمِ The wolf made an incursion among the sheep or goats. (TA in art. شع.) 10 استنشرهُ He demanded, or desired, of him that he should unfold (أَنْ يَنْشُرَ) to him (عَلَيْهِ) [a thing]. (A.) نَشْرٌ used in the sense of an act. part. n.: see ناشِرٌ. b2: And in the sense of a pass. or quasi-pass. part. n.: see نَشَرٌ. b3: A sweet odour: (S, A, K:) [because it spreads:] or odour in a more general sense; (A, K;) i. e., absolutely, whether sweet or stinking: (A'Obeyd:) or the odour of a woman's mouth, (ADk, A, K,) and of her nose, (ADk, TA,) and of her arm-pits (أَعْطَاف), after sleep. (ADk, A, K.) A2: (tropical:) Herbage, or pasturage, which has dried up and then become green in consequence of rain in the end of summer or spring (see below, and see سِمَاكٌ): (S, K:) it is bad for the pasturing animals when it first appears, and men flee from it with their camels &c.; (S, TA;) which it affects with the [disease called] سُهَام when they pasture upon it at its first appearance: [see remarks on a verse cited in art. بيض, voce بَاضَ: and see another verse in art. جرب, voce أَجْرَبُ:] AHn says, that it does not injure animals with the solid hoof; or if it do so, they leave it until it dries, and then its evil quality departs from it: it consists of leguminous plants and of [the herbage termed]

عُشْب; or, as some say, of the latter only: (TA:) [an ex. of the word is cited in art. جرب, voce أَجَرْبُ:] or herbage, or pasturage, of which the upper part dries up and the lower part is moist and green: (Lth:) or herbage produced by the rain called الرَّبِيع: (A:) and what has come forth, of plants, or herbage. (TA.) A3: Life. (K.) نَشَرٌ is of the measure فَعَلٌ in the sense of the measure مَفْعُولٌ, (Msb, TA,) syn. with مَنْشُورٌ, like as قَبَضٌ is with مَقْبُوضٌ, (Mgh,) and syn. with مُنْتَشِرٌ, (S, Msb, K,) [therefore signifying Spread, expanded, or unfolded: scattered, or dispersed, &c.: and spreading, or being spread, &c.: being scattered, &c.:] and a thing that one has spread, expanded, or unfolded: &c. (O, voce سَبَلٌ, q. v.) b2: You say اِكْتَسَى البَازِى رِيشًا نَشَرًا The hawk, or falcon, became clad in spreading and long feathers. (S, TA.) b3: And hence نَشَرٌ is applied to People in a scattered, or dispersed, state, not collected under one head, or chief; (Msb, K;) as also ↓ نَشْرٌ: (K:) and to sheep or goats in a scattered, or dispersed, state, after having been confined in their nightly resting-place: (Msb:) or sheep or goats, and camels, in a scattered, or dispersed, state, through the negligence of their pastor. (TA.) You say, رَأَيْتُ القَوْمَ نَشَرًا I saw the people in a scattered, or dispersed, state. (S.) And جَآءَ القَوْمُ نَشَرًا The people came in a scattered, or dispersed, state. (TA.) b4: Hence also, نَشَرُ المَآء What is sprinkled, of water, (Mgh, TA,) in the performance of the ablution termed الوُضُوْء. (TA.) It is said in a trad., أَتَمْلِكُ نَشَرَ المَآءِ [Dost thou possess what is sprinkled of water?] (S;) or مَنْ يَمْلِكُ نَشَرَ المَآءِ [Who possesseth what is sprinkled of water?] (Mgh;) [app. meaning, that it is gone and cannot be recovered.] b5: and hence, أَللّٰهُمَّ اضْمُمْ نَشَرِى (assumed tropical:) O God, compose what is discomposed, or disorganized, of my affairs: (K, * TA:) a phrase like لُمَّ شَعَثِى. (TA.) 'Áïsheh says, in a trad., describing her father, فَرَدَّ نَشَرَ الإِسْلَامِ عَلَى غَرِّهِ, meaning, (assumed tropical:) And he restored what was discomposed, or disorganized, [lit., what was unfolded,] of El-Islám, to its state in which it was in the time of the Apostle of God, [lit. to its fold, or plait;] alluding to cases of apostacy, and her father's sufficiency to treat them. (TA.) A2: See also نَاشِرٌ.

نُشْرَةٌ (tropical:) A charm, or an a mulet, (رُقْيَةُ, S, L, K,) by which a sick person, and one possessed, or mad, is cured; (A, * L, K;) by which the malady is [as it were] dispersed from him. (L.) Mohammad, being asked respecting that which is thus termed, answered, that it is of the work of the devil: and El-Hasan asserted it to be a kind of enchantment. (TA.) نَشُورٌ: see نَاشِرٌ.

نُشَارَةٌ (tropical:) [Saw-dust;] what falls from the مِنْشَار [or saw]; (S;) what falls in نَشْر [or sawing]. (K.) نَاشِرٌ act. part. n. of نَشَرَ. b2: كَانَ يُكَبِّرُ نَاشِرَ الأَصَابِعِ He (Mohammad) used to say أَللّٰهُ أَكْبَرْ spreading, or unfolding, his fingers: said to mean not making his hand a clenched fist. (Mgh.) b3: جَآءَ نَاشِرًا أُذُنَيْهِ [He came spreading, or, as we say, pricking up, his ears: meaning,] (tropical:) he came in a state of covetousness, or eagerness. (IAar, L.) [In a copy of the A, طَائِعًا is erroneously put for طَامِعًا.]

b4: وَالنَّاشِرَاتِ نَشْرًا, in the Kur., [lxxvii. 3,] signifies And the angels, (TA,) or the winds, (Jel,) that do scatter the rain: (Jel, TA:) or the winds that do bring rain. (TA.) And ↓ رِيحٌ نَشُورٌ, of which the pl. is رِيَاحٌ نُشُرٌ, signifies Wind that spreads [the clouds], or scatters [the rain]; (S; and Bd, vii. 55;) نَشُورٌ being syn. with نَاشِرٌ: (Bd:) or it signifies in a scattered state. (Jel, vii. 55.) [In the Kur, ubi supra,] يُرْسِلُ الرِّيَاحَ نُشُرًا بَيْنَ يَدَىْ رَحْمَتِهِ, and نُشْرًا, and ↓ نَشْرًا, and ↓ نَشَرًا, [Sendeth the winds, &c.,] (K, * TA,) all these being various readings, (TA,) نُشُرًا is pl. of نَشُورٌ, (Bd, K,) in the sense of نَاشِرٌ; (Bd;) or the meaning is, in a state of dispersion before the rain; (Jel;) and نُشْرًا is a contraction; (Bd, K;) and the third reading means (tropical:) quickening, or making to live, by spreading the clouds wherein is the rain, (K,) which is the life of everything, (TA,) ↓ نَشْرًا being an inf. n. used as a denotative of state, in the sense of نَاشِرَاتٍ, or as an absolute objective complement [of يرسل], for إِرْسَالٌ and نَشْرٌ are nearly alike; (Bd;) and the fourth is extr., (IJ, K,) and is said to mean ↓ مُنْشِرَةً نَشَرًا [which is virtually the same as the third]: [Zj, K:) another reading is بُشُرًا, pl. of بَشِيرَةٌ, (TA,) or of بَشُورٌ; (TA, in art. بشر;) or نُشْرًا, (Bd, Jel,) a contraction of بُشُرًا, (Bd,) pl. of بَشِيرٌ. (Bd, Jel.) A2: أَرْضٌ نَاشِرَةٌ (tropical:) Land having herbage, or pasturage, which has dried up and then become green in consequence of rain in the end of summer: (S:) or having herbage produced by the rain called الرَّبِيع. (A.) See نَشْرٌ.

المَنْشَرُ (tropical:) The place of resurrection. (TA.) صُحُفٌ مُنَشَّرَةٌ [Scattered, or much scattered, writings or the like] is with teshdeed to denote muchness, or frequency, or repetition, of the action, or its application to many objects. (S, TA.) مِنْشَارٌ (tropical:) [A saw;] a certain instrument for cutting wood. (S, Msb, K.) b2: Also, [but less commonly], A wooden implement with prongs, [lit., fingers,] with which wheat and the like are winnowed. (K.) مَنْشُورٌ What is not sealed, [here meaning not closed with a seal,] of the writings of the Sultán [or of a viceroy]; (K;) i. e., what is now commonly known by the name of فَرْمَان: pl. مَنَاشِيرُ. (TA.) b2: (assumed tropical:) A man whose state of affairs is disorganised, or disordered. (K.)

نفس

1 نَفُسَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. نَفَاسَةٌ (S, M, A, Msb, K) and نِفَاسٌ and نَفسٌ (K) and نُفُوسٌ; (TA;) and ↓ أَنْفَسَ, (M, A, Msb,) inf. n. إِنْفَاسٌ; (A, Msb;) It was, or became, high in estimation, of high account, or excellent; (M, Msb, TA;) [highly prized; precious, or valuable;] and therefore, (TA,) was desired with emulation, or in much request: (S, K, TA:) and the ↓ latter verb, said of property, it was, or became, loved, and highly esteemed. (TA.) A2: نَفِسَ بِهِ, (S, M, Msb, K,) aor. ـَ (K,) inf. n. نَفَسٌ (M) [and app. نَفْسٌ as will be shown below] and نَفَاسَةٌ and نَفَاسِيَةٌ, which last is extr., (M, TA,) He was, or became avaricious, tenacious, or niggardly, of it, (S, M, Msb, K,) because of its being in high estimation, or excellent. (Msb.) Hence the saying in the Kur, [xlvii. 40,] فَإِنَّمَا يَبْخَلُ عَنْ نَفْسِهِ [app. meaning He is only avaricious from his avarice.] (TA.) You say, نَفِسَ عَلَيْهِ بِالشَّىْءِ, (M,) or عَنْهُ [in the place of عليه], (TA,) He was, or became, avaricious, &c., of the thing, towards him, or withholding it from him. (M, TA.) And نَفِسَ عَلَيْهِ الشَّىْءَ, (S, M, K, TA,) and بِالشَّىْءِ, (M,) inf. n. نَفَاسَةٌ. (S, K, TA,) He was, or became, avaricious, &c., of the thing, towards him, and thought him not worthy of it, and was not pleased at its coming to him: (TA:) or [simply] he thought him not worthy of it: (S, M, K;) as also نافسهُ ↓ فِيهِ ; of which last verb we have an ex. in the phrase تُنَافِسُ دُنْيَا, used by a poet in speaking of the tribe of Kureysh, meaning either تُنَافِسُ فِى دُنْبَا [they think others not worthy of worldly good]. or تُنَافسُ أَهْلَ دُنْيَا [they think the possessors of worldly good unworthy thereof]. (M.) [See also 3, below.] You say also, نَفِسْتَ عَلَىَّ بِخَيْرٍ, (A, K,) or بِخَيْرٍ قَلِيل, (S,) and نَفِسْتَ عَلَىَّ خَيْرًا كَثِيرًا, (A,) inf. n. نَفْسٌ and نَفَاسَةٌ, (A,) Thou enviedst me (S, A, K) good, (A, K,) or a little good, (S,) and much good, (A.) and didst not consider me worthy of it. (A.) And فُلَانٌ مَا يَتَنَغَّسُ عَلَيْنَا الغَنِيمَةَ وَالظَّفَرَ [app. meaning Such a one does not envy us the spoil and the victory.] (A, in continuation of what here immediately precedes.) And مَا هٰذَا النَّفَسُ What is this envying? (A, TA.) A3: نُفِسَتْ; (S, M, A, Msb, K;) and نَفِسَتْ, (S, M, Msb, K,) as some of the Arabs say, (Msb.) aor. ـ, (Msb, K:) inf. n. نِفَاسٌ and نِفَاسةٌ (S, M) and نَفَسٌ, (M, TA,) or the first of these ns. is a simple subst.; (Msb;) (tropical:) She (a woman) brought forth; (S, M, K;) and نُفِسَتْ وَلَدًا [she brought forth a child]: (Th, M:) and نُفِسَتْ بِوَلَدِهَا [she brought forth her child]. (A.) You say also, وَرِث فُلَانٌ هٰذَا قَبْلَ أَنْ يَنْفَسَ فُلَانٌ, meaning, Such a one inherited this before such a one was born. (S.) b2: Also, both these verbs, (Msb, K,) or the latter, نَفِسَتْ, only, (Az, Mgh, TA,) or the latter is the more common, (K.) the former, which is related on the authority of As, not being well known, (Msb,) (tropical:) She (a woman) menstruated. (Az, Mgh, Msb, K.) [In the CK, a confusion is made by the omission of a و before the verb which explains this last signification.] This signification and that next preceding it are from نَفْسٌ meaning “ blood. ” (Mgh.) A4: نَفَسْتُهُ بِنَفْسِ (tropical:) I smote him with an [evil or envious] eye. (S, K, TA.) 2 نفّسهُ فِيهِ, or بِهِ: see 4.

A2: نفّس كُرْبَتَهُ, (A, Mgh, Msb, K, *) and نفّس عَنْهُ كُرْبَتَهُ, (S,) inf. n. تَنْفِيسٌ (S, Msb, K) and [quasi-inf. n.] نَفَسٌ, (K,) (tropical:) He (God) removed, or cleared away, his grief, or sorrow, or anxiety: (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K *:) and نفّس عَنْهُ signifies the same; (M, Mgh;) and He made his circumstances ample and easy; (M, TA;) and he (a man) eased him, or relieved him, syn. رَفَّهَ: (S, TA:) and also, this last phrase, he granted him a delay: the objective compliment being omitted: and نَفِّسْنِى is used as meaning grant thou to me a delay: or, elliptically, نَفِّسْ كَرْبِى or غَمِّى [remove thou my grief, &c.]. (Mgh.) b2: [Hence] حَرْفُ تَنْفِيسٍ, applied to the prefix سَ [and its variants سَوْفَ &c.], meaning A particle of amplification; because changing the aor. from the strait time which is the present, to the ample time, which is the future. (Mughnee, in art. س.) A3: نفّس القَوْسَ (tropical:) He cracked the bow: (Kr. M:) [see 5:] accord. to ISh, he put (حَطَّ) its string [upon the bow]. (TA.) 3 نافس فِى الشَّىْءِ, (S, K. *) inf. n. مُنَافَسَةٌ and نِفَاسٌ, (S,) He desired the thing, [or aspired to it.] with generous emulation; (S, K;) as also ↓ تنافس: (K:) and نافس صَاحِبَهُ فِيهِ [he vied with his companion in desire for it]: (A:) or تنافسوا ↓ فيه CCC signifies they desired it [or aspired to it]: (S:) or they vied, one with another, in desiring it: or they desired it with emulation; syn. فَراغَبَوا: (A, TA:) [and يُنَنَافسُ فيه it is emulously desired, or in request; or in great request:] or مُنَافَسَهٌ and ↓ تَنَافُسٌ signify the desiring to have a thing, and to have it for himself exclusively of any other person; from نَفِيسٌ, signifying a thing “ good, or goodly, or excellent, in its kind: ” (TA:) and تَنَافَسْنَا ذٰلِكَ الأَمْرَ and تنافسنا فيه we envied one another for that thing, and strove for priority in attaining it. (M.) See also تَفِسَ عَلَيْهِ الشَّىْءَ, with which نَافَسَهُ فِيهِ is syn. (M.) 4 انفس: see نَفُسَ, in two places.

A2: انفسهُ It (a thing, TA) pleased him, (K, TA,) and made him desirous of it: (TA:) or became highly esteemed by him. (IKtt.) b2: أَنْفَسَنى فِيهِ He made me desirous of it; (S, M, A, K:) as also تَفَّسَنِى فيه, (IAar, M, TA,) or بِهِ. (So in my copy of the A.) A3: مَا أَنْفَسَهُ How powerful is his evil, or envious, eye! (Lh, M.) 5 تنفّس [He breathed] is said of a man and of every animal having lungs: (S:) [or it signifies] he drew (اِسْتَمَدَّ) breath: (M:) or [he respired, i. e.] he drew breath with the air-passages in his nose; to his inside, and emitted it. (Msb.) Yousay also, تنفّس الصُّعَدَآءَ [He sighed: see also art. صعد]. (S.) b2: (tropical:) He (a man) emitted wind from beneath him. (TA.) b3: Also, (TA,) or تنفّس فِى الإِنَآءِ, (K,) (tropical:) He drank (K, TA) from the vessel (TA) with three restings between draughts, and separated the vessel from his mouth at every such resting: (K, TA.) and, contr., the latter phrase, (assumed tropical:) he drank [from the vessel] without separating it from his mouth: (K, TA:) which latter mode of drinking is disapproved. (TA.) b4: Also تنفّس (assumed tropical:) He lengthened in speech; he spoke long; for when a speaker takes breath, it is easy to him to lengthen his speech; and تنفس فِى الكَلَامِ signifies the same. (TA.) b5: (tropical:) It (said of the day, M, A, and of the dawn, A, and of other things, M) became extended; (M;) it became long; (M, A;) or, said of the day, accord. to Lh, it advanced so that it became noon: (M:) or it increased: (S:) and it extended far: and hence it is said of life, meaning either it became protracted, and extended far, or it became ample: (M:) and, said of the dawn, it shone forth, (Akh, S, K, TA,) and extended so that it became clear day: (Fr, TA:) or it broke, so that things became plain in consequence of it: (TA:) or it rose: (Mujáhid:) or its dusty hue shone at the approach of a gentle wind. (Bd, lxxxi. 18.) You say also, تنفّس بِهِ العُمُرُ (tropical:) [Life became long, or protracted, &c., with him]. (A.) And تنفّست دِجْلَةُ (assumed tropical:) The water of the Tigris increased. (TA.) b6: تنفّس المَوْجُ (tropical:) The waves sprinkled the water. (S, K.) b7: تنفّست القَوْسُ (tropical:) The bow cracked. (S, M, K.) It is only the stick that is not split in twain that does so; and this is the best of bows. And تنفّس in the same sense is said of an arrow. (M.) A2: [تنفّس عَلَيْهِ الشَّىْءَ app. signifies the same as نَفِسَ عليه الشىء, q. v.]6 تَنَاْفَسَ see 3, throughout.

نَفْسٌ The soul; the spirit; the vital principle; syn. رُوحٌ: (S, M, A, Msb, K:) but between these two words is a difference [which must be fully explained hereafter, though ISd says, that it is not of the purpose of his book, the M, to explain it]: (M:) in this sense it is fem.: (Msb:) pl. [of pauc.] أَنْفُسٌ and [of mult.] نُفُوسٌ. (M, Msb.) You say, خَرَجَتْ نَفْسُهُ [His soul, or spirit, went forth]; (Aboo-Is-hák, S, M, Msb, K;) and so جَادَتْ نَفْسُهُ. (Msb.) And a poet says, not Aboo-Khirásh as in the S, but Hudheyfeh Ibn-Anas, (IB,) نَجَا سَالِمٌ والنَّفْسُ مِنْهُ بِشِدْقِهِ وَلَمْ يَنْجُ إِلَّا جَفْنَ سَيْفٍ وَمِئْزَرَا i. e., [Sálim escaped when the soul was in the side of his mouth; but he escaped not save] with the scabbard of a sword and with a waist-wrapper. (S.) In the same sense the word is used in the saying. فِى نَفْسِ فُلَانٍ أَنْ يَفْعَلَ كَذَا وَكَذَا [but this seems rather to mean, It is in the mind of such a one to do so and so]. (Aboo-Is-hák, M.) Some of the lexicologists assert the نَفْس and the رُوح to be one and the same, except that the former is fem., and the latter [generally or often] masc.: others say, that the latter is that whereby is life; and the former, that whereby is intellect, or reason; so that when one sleeps, God takes away his نفس, but not his روح, which is not taken save at death: and the نَفْس is thus called because of its connexion with the نَفَس [or breath]. (IAmb.) Or every man has نَفْسَانِ [two souls]: (I'Ab, Zj:) نَفْسُ العَقْلِ [the soul of intellect, or reason, also called النَّفْسُ النَّاطِقَةُ (see رُوحٌ)], whereby one discriminates, [i. e., the mind,] (I'Ab,) or نَفْسُ التَّمْيِيزِ [the soul of discrimination], which quits him when he sleeps, so that he does not understand thereby, God taking it away: (Zj:) and نَفْسُ الرُّوحِ [the soul of the breath], whereby one lives, (I'Ab,) or نَفْسُ الحَيَاةِ [the soul of life], and when this quits him, the breath quits with it; whereas the sleeper breathes: and this is the difference between the taking away of the نفس of the sleeper in sleep and the taking away of the نفس of the living [at death.] (Zj.) Much has been said respecting the نَفْس and the رُوح; whether they be one, or different: but the truth is, that there is a difference between them, since they are not always interchangeable: for it is said in the Kur, [xv. 29 and xxxviii. 72,] وَنَفَخْتُ فِيهِ مِنْ رُوحِى [And I have blown into him of my spirit.]; not مِنْ نَفْسِى: and [v. 116,] تَعْلَمُ مَا فِى نَفْسِى [to be explained hereafter]; not فِى رُوحِى, nor would this expression be well except from Jesus: and [lviii. 9,] وَيَقُولُونَ فِى أَنْفُسِهِمْ [And they say in their souls, or within themselves]: for which it would not be well to say فِى أَرْوَاحِهِمْ: and [xxxix. 57,] أَنْ تَقُولَ نَفْسٌ [That a soul shall say]; for which no Arab would say أَنْ تَقُولَ رُوحٌ: hence, the difference between them depends upon the considerations of relation: and this is indicated by a trad., in which it is said that God created Adam, and put into him a نَفْس and a رُوح; and that from the latter was his quality of abstaining from unlawful and indecorous things, and his understanding, and his clemency, or forbearance, and his liberality, and his fidelity; and from the former, [which is also called النَّفْسُ الأَمَّارَةُ, q. v., in art. أمر,] his appetence, and his unsteadiness, and his hastiness of disposition, and his anger: therefore one should not say that نَفْسٌ is the same as رُوحٌ absolutely, without restriction, nor رُوحٌ the same as نَفْس. (R.) The Arabs also make the discriminative نَفْس to be two; because it sometimes commands the man to do a thing or forbids him to do it; and this is on the occasion of setting about an affair that is disliked: therefore they make that which commands him to be a نفس, and that which forbids him to be as though it were another نفس: and hence the saying, mentioned by Z, فُلَانٌ يُؤَامِرُ نَفْسَيْهِ (tropical:) [Such a one consults his two souls, or minds]; said of a man when two opinions occur to him. (TA.) [بِنَفْسِى فُلَانٌ is an elliptical phrase sometimes used, for بِنَفْسِى فُلَانٌ مَفْدِىٌّ, which see in art. فدى.] b2: (assumed tropical:) A thing's self; (S, M, A, K, TA;) used as a corroborative; (S, TA;) its whole, (Aboo-Is-hák, M, TA,) and essential constituent: (Aboo-Is-hák, M, A, K, TA:) pl. as above, أَنْفُسٌ and نُفُوسٌ. (M.) You say, رَأَيْتُ فُلَانًا نَفْسَهُ (assumed tropical:) I saw such a one himself, (S,) and جَآءَنِى بِنَفْسِهِ [or, more properly, حَآءَنِى هُوَ بِنَفْسِهِ (see, under the head of بِ, a remark on that preposition when used in a case of this kind, redundantly,)] He came to me himself. (S, K.) And وَلِىَ الأَمْرَ بِنَفْسِهِ [He superintended, managed, or conducted, the affair in his own person]. (K, in art. بشر, &c.) And حَدَّثَ نَفْسَهُ [He talked to himself; soliloquized]. (Msb, in art. بلو; &c.) and قَتَلَ فُلَانٌ نَفْسَهُ (assumed tropical:) [Such a one killed himself]: and أَهْلَكَ نَفْسَهُ (assumed tropical:) made his whole self to fall into destruction. (Aboo-Is-hák, M.) And hence, (TA,) from نَفْسُ الشَّىْءِ signifying ذَاتُهُ, (M,) the saying mentioned by Sb, نَزَلْتُ بِنَفْسِ الجَبَلِ (assumed tropical:) [I alighted in the mountain itself]: and نَفْسُ الجَبَلِ مُقَابِلِى (assumed tropical:) [The mountain itself is facing me]. (M, TA.) [Hence also the phrase] فِى نَفْسِ الأَمْرِ [meaning (assumed tropical:) in reality; in the thing itself]: as in the saying, قَلَّلَهُ فِى نَفْسِهِ وَإِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ قَلِيلًا فِى نَفْسِ الأَمْرِ (assumed tropical:) [He held it to be little in his mind though it was not little in reality]. (Msb, art. قل.) The words of the Kur, [v. 116,] تَعْلَمُ مَا فِى نَفْسِى وَلَا أَعْلَمُ مَا فِى نَفْسِكَ mean (assumed tropical:) Thou knowest what is in myself, or in my essence, and I know not what is in thyself, or in thine essence: (Bd, K:) or Thou knowest what I conceal (M, Bd, Jel) in my نفس [or mind], (Bd, Jel,) and I know not what is in thyself, or in thine essence, nor that whereof Thou hast the knowledge, (M.) or what Thou concealest of the things which Thou knowest; (Bd, Jel;) so that the interpretation is, Thou knowest what I know, and I know not what Thou knowest: (M:) or نفس is here syn. with عِنْد; and the meaning is, تَعْلَمُ مَا عِنْدِى وَلَا أَعْلَمُ مَا عِنْدَكَ; (K, * TA;) [i. e., Thou knowest what is in my particular place of being, and I know not what is in thy particular place of being; for] the adverbiality in this instance is that of مَكَانَة, not of مَكَان: (TA:) but the best explanation is that of IAmb, who says that نفس is here syn. with غَيْب; so that the meaning is, Thou knowest غَيْبِى [my hidden things, or what is hidden from me, and I know not thy hidden things, or what Thou hidest]; and the correctness of this is testified by the concluding words of the verse, إِنَّكَ أَنْتَ عَلَّامُ الغُيُوبِ [for Thou art he who well knoweth the hidden things]: (TA:) [and here it must be remarked that] العَيْبُ, which occurs afterwards in the K as one of the significations of النَّفْسُ, is a mistake for الغَيْبُ, the word used by IAmb in explaining the above verse. (TA.) b3: (assumed tropical:) A person; a being; an individual; syn. شَخْصٌ; (Msb;) a man, (Sb, S, M, TA,) altogether, his soul and his body; (TA;) a living being, altogether. (Mgh, Msb.) In this sense of شخص it is masc.: (Msb:) or, accord to Lh, the Arabs said, رَأَيْتُ نَفْسًا وَاحِدَةً (assumed tropical:) [I saw one person], making it fem.; and in like manner, رَأَيْتُ نَفْسَيْنِ ثِنْتَيْنِ (assumed tropical:) [I saw two persons]; but they said, رَأَيْتُ ثَلَاثَةَ أَنْفُسٍ (assumed tropical:) [I saw three persons], and so all the succeeding numbers, making it masc.: but, he says, it is allowable to make it masc. in the sing. and dual., and fem. in the pl.: and all this, he says, is related on the authority of Ks: (M:) Sb says, (M.) they said ثَلَاثَةُ أَنْفُسٍ, (S, M,) making it masc., (S,) because they mean by نفس “ a man,” (S, M,) as is shown also by their saying نَفْسٌ وَاحِدٌ: (M:) but Yoo asserts of Ru-beh, that he said ثَلَاثُ أَنْفُسٍ, making نفس fem., like as you say ثَلَاثُ أَعْيُنٍ, meaning, of men; and ثَلَاثَةُ أَشْخُصٍ, meaning, of women: and it is said in the Kur, [iv. l, &c.,] اَلَّذِى خَلَقَكُمْ مِنْ نَفْسٍ وَاحِدَةٍ (assumed tropical:) [who created you from one man], meaning, Adam. (M.) You also say, مَا رَأَيْتُ ثَمَّ نَفْسًا (assumed tropical:) I saw not there any one. (TA.) b4: (assumed tropical:) A brother: (IKh, IB:) a copartner in religion and relationship: (Bd, xxiv. 61:) a copartner in faith and religion. (Ibn-'Arafeh.) (assumed tropical:) It is said in the Kur, [xxiv. 61,] فَإِذَا دَخَلْتُمْ بُيُوتًا فَسَلِّمُوا عَلَى أَنْفُسِكُمْ and when ye enter houses, salute ye your brethren: (IB:) or your copartners in religion and relationship. (Bd.) And in verse 12 of the same chapter.

بِأَنْفُسِهِمْ means (assumed tropical:) Of their copartners in faith and religion. (Ibn-'Arafeh.) b5: (tropical:) Blood: (S, M, A, Mgh, Msb, K:) [or the life-blood: in this sense, fem.:] pl. [of pauc. أَنْفُسٌ and of mult.] نُفُوسٌ: (IB:) so called [because the animal soul was believed by the Arabs, as it was by many others in ancient times, (see Gen. ix. 4, and Aristotle, De Anim. i. 2, and Virgil's Æn. ix. 349.) to diffuse itself throughout the body by means of the arteries: or] because the نَفْس [in its proper sense, i. e. the soul,] goes forth with it: (TA:) or because it sustains the whole animal. (Mgh, Msb.) You say, سَالَتْ نَفْسُهُ (tropical:) [His blood flowed]. (S.) And نَفْسٌ سَائِلَةٌ (tropical:) [Flowing blood]. (S, A, Mgh.) And دَفَقَ نَفْسَهُ (tropical:) He shed his blood. (A, TA.) b6: (tropical:) The body. (S, A, K.) b7: (assumed tropical:) [Sometimes it seems to signify The stomach. So in the present day. You say, لَعِبَتْ نَفْسُهُ, meaning He was sick in the stomach. See غَثَتْ نَفْسُهُ, in art. غثى; and مَذِرَتْ مَعِدَتُهُ and نَفْسُهُ, in art. مذر.] b8: (assumed tropical:) [The pudendum: so in the present day: in the K, art. حشو, applied to a woman's vulva.] b9: [From the primary signification are derived several others, of attributes of the rational and animal souls; and such are most of the signification here following.] b10: (assumed tropical:) Knowledge. (A.) [See, above, an explanation of the words cited from ch. v. verse 116 of the Kur-án.] b11: (assumed tropical:) Pride: (A, K, TA:) and self-magnification; syn. عِزَّةٌ. (A, K.) b12: (assumed tropical:) Disdain, or scorn. (A, K.) b13: (assumed tropical:) Purpose, or intention: or strong determination: syn. هِمَّةٌ. (A, K.) b14: (assumed tropical:) Will, wish, or desire. (A, K.) b15: [Copulation: see 3, art رود.] b16: [(assumed tropical:) Stomach, or appetite.] b17: (tropical:) An [evil or envious] eye, (S, M, A, K, TA,) that smites the person or thing at which it is cast: pl. أَنْفُسٌ. (TA.) [See 1, last signification.] So in a trad., in which it is said, that the نَمْلَة and the حُمَة and the نَفْس are the only things for which a charm is allowable. (TA.) You say, أَصَابَتْ فُلَانًا نَفْسٌ (tropical:) [An evil or envious eye smote such a one]. (S.) and Mohammad said, of a piece of green fat that he threw away, كَانَ فِيهَا سَبْعَةُ أَنْفُسٍ, meaning, (tropical:) There were upon it seven [evil or envious] eyes. (TA.) b18: (assumed tropical:) Strength of make, and hardiness, of a man: and (assumed tropical:) closeness of texture, and strength, of a garment or piece of cloth. (M.) A2: Punishment. (A, K.) Ex. وَيُحَذِّرُكُم اللّٰهُ نَفْسَهُ, (K,) in the Kur, [iii. 27 and 28, meaning, And God maketh you to fear his punishment]; accord. to F; but others say that the meaning is, Himself. (TA.) A3: A quantity (S, M, K,) of قَرَظ, and of other things, with which hides are tanned, (S, K,) sufficient for one tanning: (S, M, K:) or enough for two tannings: (TA:) or a handful thereof: (M:) pl. أَنَفُسٌ. (M.) You say, هَبْ لِى نفْسًا مِنْ دِبَاغٍ [Give thou to me a quantity of material for tanning sufficient for one tanning, or for two tannings, &c.]. (S.) نَفَسٌ [Breath;] what is drawn in by the airpassages in the nose, [or by the mouth,] to the inside, and emitted, (Msb;) what comes forth from a living being in the act of تَنَفُّس. (Mgh:) or the exit of wind from the nose and the mouth: (M:) pl. أَنْفَاسٌ. (S, M, A. Mgh, Msb, K.) b2: A gentle air: pl. as above. (M, Msb.) You say also, نَفَسُ الرِّيحِ [The breath of the wind]: and نَفَسُ الرَّوْصَةِ the sweet [breath or] odour [of the meadow, or of the garden, &c.]. (TA.) b3: [Hence, app., its application in the phrase] نَفَسَ السَّاعَةِ [The blast of the last hour; meaning,] the end of time. (Kr, M.) b4: [Hence also, (assumed tropical:) Speech: and kind speech: (see an ex. voce أَمْلَحَ:) so in the present day.] b5: [and (assumed tropical:) Voice, or a sweet voice, in singing: so in the present day.] b6: A gulp. or as much as is swallowed at once in drinking: (S, L, K:) but this requires consideration; for in one نَفَس a man takes a number of gulps, more or less according to the length or shortness of his breath, so that we [sometimes] see a man drink [the contents of] a large vessel in one نَفَس, at a number of gulps: (L:) [therefore it signifies sometimes, if not always, a draught, or as much as is swallowed without taking breath:] pl. as above. (S.) You say, إِكْرَعْ فِى الإِتَآءِ نَفَسًا أَوْ نَفَسَيْنِ (tropical:) [Put thou thy mouth into the vessel and drink] a gulp, or two gulps: [or a draught, or two draughts:] and exceed not that. (S; And شَربْتُ نَفَسًا وَأَنْفَاسًا (tropical:) [I drank a gulp, and gulps: or a draught, and draughts]. (A.) And فُلَانٌ شَرِبَ الإِنَآءَ كُلَّهُ عَلَى نَفَسٍ وَاحِدٍ (tropical:) [Such a one drank the whole contents of the vessel at one gulp or at one draught]. (L.) b7: (tropical:) Every resting between two draughts: (M, TA:) [pl. as above.] Yousay, شَرِبَ بِنَفَسٍ وَاحِدٍ (tropical:) [He drank with one resting between draughts]. (A.) And شَربَ بِثَلَاثَةِ أَنْفَاسٍ (tropical:) [He drank with three restings between draughts]. (A. K.) [And hence,] شَرَابٌ ذُو نَفَسِ (tropical:) Beverage in which is ampleness, [so that one pauses while drinking it, to take breath,] and which satisfies thirst. (IAar, K.) And شَرَابٌ غَيْرُ ذِى نَفَسٍ (tropical:) Beverage of disagreeable taste, (A, K, *) changed in taste and odour, (K,) in drinking which one does not take breath (A, K) when he has tasted it; (K;) taking a first draught, as much as will keep in the remains of life, and not returning to it. (TA.) b8: [and hence it is said that] نَفَسٌ signifies (assumed tropical:) Satisfaction, or the state of being satisfied, with drink; syn. دِىَّ. (IAar, K.) b9: [Hence also.] (tropical:) Plenty, and redundance. So in the saying إِنّ فِى المَآءِ نَفَسًا لِى وَلَكَ [Verily in the water is plenty, and redundance, for me and for thee]. (Lh, M.) b10: (tropical:) A wide space: (TA:) (tropical:) a distance (A.) You say, بَيْنَ الفَر يقَيْن نَفَسٌ (tropical:) Between the two parties is a wide space. (TA.) And بَيْنِى وَبَيْنَهٌ نَفَسٌ (tropical:) Between me and him is a distance. (A.) b11: (tropical:) Ample scope for action &c.; and a state in which is ample scope for action &c., syn. سعةٌ, (S, M, A, Mgh, K,) and فُسْحَةٌ, (A, K,) in an affair. (S, M, A, K.) You say, لَك فِى هٰذَا نَفَسٌ [There is ample scope for action &c. for thee in this. (Mgh.) And أَنْتَ فِى نَفِس مِنْ أَمْرِكَ (tropical:) [Thou art in a state in which is ample scope for action &c. with respect to thine affair. (S, M.) And إِعْملْ وَأَنْتَ فِى نَفَسٍ مِنْ أَمْرِكَ (tropical:) Work thou while thou art in a state in which is ample scope for action &c. (فِى فُسْحَةٍ وَسَعَة) with respect to thine affair, before extreme old age, and diseases, and calamities. (TA.) See also نُفْسَةٌ. b12: (tropical:) Length. (M.) So in the saying زِدْنى نَفَسًا فِى أَجَلِى (tropical:) [Add thou to me length in my term of life]: (M:) or lengthen thou my term of life. (TA.) You say also, ↓ فِى عُمُرِهِ مُتَنَفَّسٌ (tropical:) [In his life is length: see 5]. (A, TA.) b13: The pl., in the accus. case, also signifies (assumed tropical:) Time after time. So in the saying of the poet, عَيْنَىَّ جُودَا عَبْرَةً أَنْفَاسَا [O my two eyes, pour forth a flow of tears time after time]. (S.) A2: نَفَسٌ is also a subst. put in the place of the proper inf. n. of نَفَّسَ; and is so used in the two following sayings, (K, TA,) of Mohammad. (TA.) لَا تَسبُوُّا الرِّيحَ فَإِنَّهَا مِنْ نَفَسِ الرَّحْمٰنِ, i. e. (tropical:) [Revile not ye the wind, for] it is a means whereby the Compassionate removes grief, or sorrow, or anxiety, (K, TA,) and raises the clouds, (TA,) and scatters the rain, and dispels dearth, or drought. (K, TA.) and أَجِدُ نَفَسَ رَبَِّكُمْ مِنْ قِبَلِ اليَمَنِ (tropical:) I perceive your Lord's removal of grief, &c., from the direction of El-Yemen: meaning, through the aid and hospitality of the people of El-Medeeneh, who were of El-Yemen; (K, TA;) i. e., of the Ansár, who were of [the tribe of] El-Azd, from ElYemen. (TA.) It is [said by some to be] a metaphor, from نَفَسُ الهَوَآءِ, which the act of breathing draws back into the inside, so that its heat becomes cooled and moderated: or from نَفَسُ الرِّيِح, which one scents, so that thereby he refreshes himself: or from نَفَسُ الرَّوْضَةِ. (TA.) You also say, مَا لِى نَفَسٌ, meaning, (tropical:) There is not for me any removal, or clearing away, of grief. (A.) A3: It is also used as an epithet, signifying (assumed tropical:) Long; (Az, K;) applied to speech, (K,) and to writing, or book, or letter. (Az, K.) نُفْسَةٌ, (S, Mgh, K,) with damm, (K,) [in a copy of the S, نَفْسَةٌ,] (assumed tropical:) Delay; syn. مَهْلَةٌ; (S, Mgh, K;) and ample space, syn. مُتَّسَعٌ. (TA.) Ex. لَكَ فِى هٰذَا الأَمْرِ نُفْسَةٌ (assumed tropical:) [Thou shalt have, in this affair, a delay, and ample space]. (S, Mgh, * TA.) See also نَفَسٌ.

نَفْسِىٌ Relating to the نَفْس, or soul, &c.: vital: and sensual; as also ↓ نَفْسَانِىٌّ.]

نُفَسَآءُ (Th, S, M, Mgh, Msb, K, &c.) and نَفَسَآءُ and نَفْسَآءُ (M, K) (tropical:) A woman in the state following childbirth: (S, M, * Mgh, * Msb, * K:) or bringing forth: and pregnant: and menstruating: (Th, M:) and نَافِسٌ signifies the same; (Msb;) and so ↓ مَنْفُوسَةٌ: (A:) [see نُفِسَتْ:] dual نُفَسَاوَانِ; the fem. ء being changed into و as in عُشَرَاوَانِ: (S:) pl. نِفَاسٌ, (S, M, Mgh, Msb, K,) like as عِشَارٌ is pl. of عُشَرَآءُ, (S, Msb, K,) the only other instance of the kind, (S, K,) and نُفَاسٌ, (M, K,) which is also the only instance of the kind except عُشَارٌ, (K,) and نُفَّاسٌ, and نُفَّسٌ and نُفَسٌ (M) and نُفُسٌ (M, K) and نُفْسٌ (K) and نُفَسَاوَاتٌ (S, M, K) and [accord. to analogy, of نَافِسٌ,] نَوَافِسُ. (K.) نَفْسَانٌ, or نَفْسَانِىٌّ: see نَفُوسٌ.

نَفْسَانِىٌّ: see نَفْسِىٌّ: b2: and نَفُوسٌ.

نِفَاسٌ (tropical:) Childbirth (S, K) from نَفْسٌ signifying “ blood. ” (Msb, TA.) See نُفِسَتْ. b2: [And The state of impurity consequent upon childbirth. See 5, in art. عل.] b3: Also, (tropical:) The blood that comes forth immediately after the child: an inf. n. used as a subst. (Mgh.) b4: A poet says, (namely, Ows Ibn-Hajar, O, in art. طرق,) لَنَا صَرْخَةٌ ثُمَّ إِسْكَاتَةٌ كَمَا طَرَّقَتْ بِنِفَاسٍ بِكِرْ [We utter a cry; then keep a short silence; like as when one that has never yet brought forth experiences resistance and difficulty in giving birth to a child, or young one]; meaning, بِوَلَدٍ. (S.) نَفُوسٌ An envious man: (M, TA:) (tropical:) one who looks with an evil eye, with injurious intent, at the property of others: (M, A, * TA:) as also ↓ نَفْسَانٌ, (TA,) or ↓ نَفْسَانِىٌّ. (A.) نَفِيسٌ A thing high in estimation; of high account; excellent; (Lh, M, Msb, TA;) [highly prized; precious; valuable; and therefore (TA) desired with emulation, or in much request; (S, K, TA;) good, goodly, or excellent, in its kind; (TA;) and ↓ نَافِسٌ signifies the same, (M,) and so does ↓ مُنْفِسٌ, (Lh, M, A, Msb, K,) and ↓ مَنْفُوسٌ: (K:) it signifies thus when applied to property, as well as other things; as also ↓ مَنْفِسٌ: (Lh, M:) and, when so applied, of which one is avaricious, or tenacious: (M:) or ↓ مُنْفِسٌ, so applied, abundant; much; (K;) as also ↓ مُنْفَسٌ: (Fr, K:) and ↓ نَافِسٌ, a thing of high account or estimation, and an object of desire: (TA:) this last is also applied, in like manner, to a man; as also نَفِيسٌ: and the pl. [of either] is نِفَاسٌ (M, TA) Youalso say, ↓ أَمْرٌ مَنْفُوسٌ فِيهِ, meaning, A thing that is desired. (M.) And فِيهِ ↓ شَىْءٌ مُتَنَافَسٌ A thing emulously desired, or in much request. (A.) b2: Also, [as an epithet in which the quality of a subst. predominates,] Much property; (S, A, K;) and so ↓ مُنْفِسٌ. (S.) You say, لِفُلَانٍ مُنْفِسٌ and نَفِيسٌ Such a one has much property. (S.) And مَا يَسُرُّنِى بِهٰذَا الأَمْرِ مَنْفِسٌ and نَفِيسٌ [Much property does not rejoice me with this affair]. (S.) نَافِسٌ: see نَفِيسٌ, in three places.

A2: See also نُفَسَآءُ.

A3: (tropical:) Smiting with an evil, or envious, eye. (S, M, K.) A4: The fifth of the arrows used in the game called المَيْسِر; (S, M, K;) which has five notches; and for which one wins five portions if it be successful, and loses five portions if it be unsuccessful: (Lh, M:) or, as some say, the fourth. (S.) هٰذَا أَنْفَسُ مَالِى This is the most loved and highly esteemed of my property. (S, TA.) A2: بَلَّغَكَ اللّٰهُ أَنْفَسَ الأَعْمَارِ (tropical:) [May God cause thee to attain to the most protracted, or most ample, of lives: see 5]. (A, TA.) And دَارُكَ أَنْفَسُ مِنْ دَارِى (tropical:) Thy house is more ample, or spacious, than my house: (M:) and the like is said of two places: (M:) and of two lands. (A.) And هٰذَا التَّوْبُ أَنْفَسُ مِنْ هٰذَا (tropical:) This garment, or piece of cloth, is wider and longer and more excellent than this. (M.) And ثَوْبٌ أَنْفَسُ الثَّوْبَيْنِ (tropical:) A garment, or piece of cloth, the longer and wider of the two garments, or pieces of cloth. (A.) مُنْفَسٌ: see نَفِيسٌ; for the latter, throughout.

مُنْفِسٌ: see نَفِيسٌ; for the latter, throughout.

مَنْفُوسٌ: see نَفِيسٌ, in two places.

A2: (tropical:) Brought forth; born. (S, M, A, Msb, K.) It is said in a trad., مَا مِنْ نَفْسٍ مَنْفُوسَةٍ إِلَّا وَقَذْ كُتِبَ مَكَانُهَا مِنَ الجَنَّةِ أَوِ النَّارِ (tropical:) [There is not any soul born but its place in Paradise or Hell has been written]. (S.) b2: مَنْفُوسَةٌ applied to a woman: see نُفَسَآءُ.

A3: (tropical:) Smitten with an evil, or envious, eye. (M.) مُتَنَفَّسٌ A place of passage of the breath.] b2: فى عُمُرِهِ مُتَنَفَّسٌ: see نَفَسٌ. b3: See also سَحَرٌ.

مُتَنَفِّسٌ [Breathing;] having breath: (TA:) or having a soul: (so in a copy of the M:) an epithet applied to everything having lungs. (S, TA.) b2: غَائِطٌ مُتَنَفِّسٌ (tropical:) A depressed expanse of land extending far. (A, TA.) b3: أَنْفٌ مُتَنَفِّسٌ (tropical:) A nose of which the bone is wide and depressed; or depressed and expanded; or a nose spreading upon the face: syn. أَفْطَسُ. (A, TA.) شَىْءٌ مُتَنَافَسٌ فِيهِ: see نَفِيسٌ.

نعش

1 نَعَشَهُ, aor. ـَ (S, K,) inf. n. نَعْشٌ, (S,) He (God) raised him; lifted him up; (S, K;) as also ↓ انعشهُ; (Lth, Ks, K;) which is disallowed by ISk, who says that it is a vulgar word, and by J after him, but is correct; (TA;) and ↓ نعّشهُ, (AA, K,) inf. n. تَنْعِيشٌ: (AA, TA:) or He (God) set him up, or upright; as also ↓ انعشهُ: (Msb:) [see an ex. in a verse cited voce شَمْلٌ:] or be [app. a man] raised him, or lifted him up, after a stumble, or trip. (Sb.) You say also, نَعَشْتُ الشَّجَرَةَ I set the tree upright, when it was leaning. (TA.) And نَعَشَ طَرُفهُ He raised his eye, or eyes. (S, * K.) b2: [Hence,] aor. and inf. n. as above, (TA,) (tropical:) He recovered him from his embarrassment, or difficulty: (A:) (tropical:) he restored him from a state of poverty to wealth, or competence, or sufficiency: (K, TA;) as also ↓ انعشهُ: (TA:) and (tropical:) he recovered him from a state of perdition or destruction. (TA.) And نَعَشَكَ اللّٰهُ (tropical:) May God restore thee from poverty to wealth, or competence, or sufficiency: or make thee to continue in life; preserve thee alive. (A.) and ↓ انعشهُ (assumed tropical:) He set him up, and strengthened his heart. (TA.) And الرَّبِيعُ يُنْعشُ النَّاسَ (tropical:) (A, TA,) [The spring, or spring-herbage, or the season, or rain, called الربيع,] makes men to live and enjoy plenty of herbage or the like. (TA.) b3: [Hence also,] نَعَشَ المَيِّتَ, (Sh, K,) aor. as above, (Sh,) and so the inf. n. (TA) (tropical:) He eulogized, or praised, the dead man, (Sh, K,) and exalted his praise, or fame, or honour. (Sh.) b4: نَعَشُوا المَيِّتَ also signifies They carried the dead man upon the نَعْش, q. v. (A [where this signification is indicated, but not expressed: it is shown, however, by an explanation of pass. part. n. (q. v. infra) in the TA.]) b5: نُعِشَ عَلَى جِنَارَتِهَا A نَعْش [q. v.] was made for her bier. (Mgh, from a trad. of, or relating to, Fátimeh.) 2 نَعّشهُ: see 1.

A2: Also, (K,) or نعّش لَهُ, (S,) inf. n. تَنْعِيشٌ, (K,) He said to him نَعَشَكَ اللّٰهُ [which see above, in 1, and also below, in 8]: (S, K:) in [some copies of] the S, نَعَّشَكَ الله. (TA.) 4 أَنْعَشَ see 1, in four places.8 انتعش He rose; or became raised, or lifted up: (TA:) he rose after his stumble, or trip: (S, A, Msb, K:) and in like manner you say of a bird, (A, TA,) meaning it rose [after falling or alighting], (TA,) and he raised his head. (TA.) Hence the saying, تَعَسَ فَلا انْتَعَشَ May he fall, having stumbled, or stumble and fall, and not rise [again]: a form of imprecation. (TA.) and hence the saying of 'Omar, اِنْتَعِشْ نَعَشَكَ اللّٰهُ Rise thou: may God raise thee: or نعشك اللّٰه has here one of the two meanings assigned to it before, in 1. (TA.) b2: [And hence,] (tropical:) He recovered, or became recovered, from his embarrassment, or difficulty. (A, TA.) نَعْشٌ A state of elevation, or exaltation. (Sh.) See 1. b2: A state of remaining; lastingness; endurance; permanence; or continuance; syn. بَقَآءٌ. (Sh, K.) A2: [A kind of litter, or] a thing resembling a مِحَفَّة, upon which the king used to be carried. when sick: (IDrd, Msb, K:) not the نَعْش of a corpse. (IDrd, Msb.) This is said to be the primary application. (TA) b2: And hence, (TA,) A bier, (S, A, Msb, K,) when the corpse is upon it. for otherwise it is called سرِيرٌ: (S, IAth, Msb:) it is called by the former name because of its height, or its being raised: (S, TA.) pl. نُعُوشٌ: (Msb:) also, a reticulated thing. (Az. Mgh, TA,) resembling a محَفّة, (Mgh,) which is put as a cover over a [dead] woman when she is placed upon the bier; (Az, Mgh, TA;) but this is properly called حَرَجٌ, though people called is نَعْشٌ, which is properly only the bier itself. (Az, TA.) b3: [And hence,] بَنَاتُ نَعْشِ الكُبْرَى [or بَنَاتُ نَعْشَ الكُبْرَى, together with نَعْشٌ or نَعْشُ, constitute (assumed tropical:) The constellation of Ursa Major: or the principal stars thereof:] seven stars; whereof four [which are in the body] are called نَعْشٌ [or نَعْشُ], and three [which are in the tail] are called بَناتٌ, (S, K,) i. e., بنات نعش (TA:) and to like manner الصُّغْرَى, (K,) or بنات نعش الصُّغْرَى

[together with نعش الصُّغْرَى constitute [the constellation of Ursa Minor: or the principal stars thereof; seven in number; whereof the four in the body are called نعش, and the there in the tail are called بنات]: (S:) [the former four] said to be likened to the bearers of a bier, because they form a square: (IDrd, TA:) [the بنات being so called as being likened to damsels or to men for بنات is pl. of اِبْنٌ applied to an irrational thing as well as pl. of بِنْتٌ) following a bier:] Sb and Fr agree that نعش is imperfectly decl. because determinate and of the fem. gender: (S:) or it is perfectly decl. when indeterminate, but not when determinate [by having the epithet الكُبْرَى or الصُّغْرَى

added to it]: (Aboo-'Amr Ez-Záhid, K:) بَنو نَعْشِ also occurs, in poetry; (Sb, S, K;) because a single one [of the stars thereof] is called ابْنُ نَعْشِ, (Lth, K,) being made to accord. in gender with كَوْكَبٌ; but when they say ثَلَاث or أَرْبَع, they say بَنَات: (Lth, TA:) [this is agreeable with a general rule; accord. to which, بَنَاتٌ is the pl. of اِبْنٌ applied to anything but a human being:] the pl. of بنات نعش is النَّوَاعِشُ; like as أَبَارِصُ is pl. of سَامُّ أَبَرَصَ. (L, TA.) See also نُعَيْشٌ. b4: Also نَعْشٌ A piece of wood, (K, TA,) of the length of twice the stature of a man, (TA,) upon the head of which is a piece of rag, (K, TA,) called حَرَجٌ, (TA,) with which young ostriches are hunted or captured. (K, TA.) نُعَيْشٌ [or نُعَيْشُ (assumed tropical:) The small star called] السُّهَى, which is [by the star (??)] in the middle of بَنَات نَعْش.

So in the saying, هُوَ أَخْفَى مِنْ نُعَيْش فِى بَنَاتِ نَعْش [He, or it, is more obscure than No'eysh among the Bená Naash]. (A, TA.) النَّوَاعِشُ: see نَعْشٌ, near the end.

مَنْعُوشٌ A corpse carried upon a نَعْش, or bier. (S, A, * Msb.)

نزل

1 نَزَلَ بِالمَكَانِ (Kull) and نَزَلَ المَكَانَ (Msb in art. حل, &c.) He alighted, descended and stopped or sojourned or abode or lodged or settled, in the place; syn. حَلَّ فِيهِ. (Kull.) See حَلَّ. b2: نَزَلَ لَبَنُ الشَّاةِ [The milk of the ewe descended into her udder; i. e. she secreted milk]. (S, K, voce أَضْرَعَتْ.) b3: نَزَلَ مَنْزِلَ كَذَا It took, or occupied, the place, or became in the position or condition, of such a thing: see a verse cited voce أَنْ, near the end of the paragraph; and another voce حَبِيبٌ; and see مَنْزِلَةٌ. b4: نَزَلْتُ, الوَدِىَ, for فِى الوَادِى: see دَخَلْتُ البَيَتَ in art. دخل.3 نَازَلَهُ He alighted with him, each to oppose the other, in war, or battle; inf. n. مُنَازَلَةٌ and نِزَالٌ. (Msb.) b2: نَازَلَهُ He alighted with him.4 أَنْزَلَتْ Her (a camel's) milk descended [into her udder]: opposed to أَقْلَصَتْ. (TA, art. قلص.) b2: أَنْزَلَتِ اللَّبَنَ [i. e. اللِّبَأَ She (a camel) excerned the first milk, or biestings, into her udder; i. q. أَبْسَقَتْ. (TA in art. بزق.) b3: She excerned milk [either into, or from, the udder]. b4: أَنْزَلَتِ الناقةُ اللَّبَنَ مِنَ الضَّرْعِ [or فِى الضرع] The she-camel excerned the milk from [or into] the udder. (TA, art. ذرأ.) b5: أَنْزَلَهُ He lodged him; made him his guest; or gave him refuge or asylum; syn. آوَاهُ; (S and K in art. اوى;) and أَضَافَهُ and ضَيَّفَهُ: (Mgh in art. ضيف:) [and he lodged and entertained him;] namely, a guest. (Msb.) I. q.

أَثْوَاهُ مَنْزِلَا. CCC (Fr in T in art. بوأ.) b6: أَنْزَلَهُ عَنْ كَذَا He made him to resign, or relinquish, such a thing. b7: أَنْزَلْتُ بِكَ حَاجَتِى [app. I imposed my want upon thee]. (S in art. عر.) And أَنْزَلَ حَاجَتَهُ على كريم. (TA.) 6 تَنَازَلَ He descended gradually, by little and little. b2: تنازل إِلَى أَحَدٍ He humbled himself, condescended, to one. b3: تنازل عَنِ المُلْكِ He abdicated the kingdom. b4: تنازل عَن شَىْءٍ

He desisted from a thing. b5: تَنَازَلُوا They alighted and ate by turns with different people; i. q. تَنَاوَبُوا, q. v.10 اِسْتَنْزَلَهُ He made him, or caused him, or it, to descend. (Msb.) b2: اِسْتَنْزَلَهُ عَنْ رَأَيِهِ [He sought to make him resign, or relinquish, his opinion]. (Bd, xii. 11.) نُزْلٌ Food or rations at a halt: see سُكْنٌ, in two places.

نُزُلٌ Food prepared for the guest. (Msb.) See مَفَثَّةٌ.) أَرْضٌ نَزِلَةٌ : see حَشَادٌ.

نَزِيلٌ A guest. (S, Mgh, Msb, * K.) See also Har, 353.

نَازِلٌ [Alighting, &c.,] has for pl. نُزُولٌ and نُزَّالٌ. (TA.) نَازِلَةٌ A defluxion: pl. نَوازِلُ. See سِلٌّ. b2: نَازِلَةٌ A severe calamity or affliction, (S, Msb, K,) that befalls men. (S, Msb.) مَنْزِلٌ A place of alighting or descending and stopping or sojourning or abiding or lodging or settling: (Mgh:) a place of settlement: an abode; a dwelling; a place where travellers alight in the desert; syn. مَنْهَلٌ: a [house, or mansion, such as is called] دَارٌ: (S, K:) or, accord. to the فُقَهَآء, less than a دار, and more than a بَيْت [or chamber], consisting of at least two chambers (بَيْتَانِ) or three. (Mgh.) See also بَيْتٌ.

مَنْزِلَةٌ A space which one traverses in journeying. (TA, art. سير.) b2: مَنْزِلَةٌ, used unrestrictedly, Station, standing, footing, or grade; honourable station or rank; a place of preferment. b3: A predicament in which one stands. b4: كَلِمَةٌ بِمَنْزِلَةِ كَلِمَةٍ أُخْرَى A word equivalent, or similar, to another word. b5: [You say] يُسْتَعْمَلُ بِمَنْزِلَةِ كَذَا It (a word) is used in the manner of such [another word]; generally with respect to government, not necessarily with respect to meaning. (The lexicons passim.) b6: النَّازِلُ مِنَ الــدِّينِ والدُّنْيَا مَنْزِلَةَ النُّورِ مِنَ العَيْنِ Who is, in respect to religion and the world, as light to the eye.

مَرْعًى مُنْزِلٌ : see مُسْكِنٌ.

قطب

1 قَطَبَ, (K, TA,) aor. ـِ inf. n. قَطْبٌ, (TA,) He collected a thing, brought it, gathered it, or drew it, together: (K, TA:) this is the primary signification. (O.) b2: [Hence] one says, قَطَبَ الحِمَارُ عَانَتَهُ i. e. (tropical:) [The wild ass] collected [his herd of wild she-asses]. (A: there distinguished as tropical.) b3: And قَطَبَ القَوْمُ, [أَنْفُسَهُمْ being app. understood,] and ↓ اقطب, (assumed tropical:) The people, or party, assembled themselves together, or congregated, (O, K, TA,) and were guests, and mixed together. (TA.) b4: And قَطَبَ, (A, K,) aor. ـِ inf. n. قَطْبٌ and قُطُوبٌ; (K, TA;) and ↓ قطّب, (K,) inf. n. تَقْطِيبٌ; (TA;) He contracted the part between his eyes; (A, K;) and grinned, or displayed his teeth, frowning, or contracting his face, and looking sternly, austerely, or morosely; (K, TA;) by reason of drink, &c.: (TA:) or قَطَبَ بَيْنَ عَيْنَيْهِ, (S, O, Msb,) aor. ـِ inf. n. قَطْبٌ, (Msb,) he contracted the part between his eyes: (S, O, Msb:) and وَجْهَهُ ↓ قطّب, inf. n. تَقْطِيبٌ, he contracted his face; (S, O;) or did so much. (So accord. to a copy of the S.) b5: And قَطَبَ الشَّرَابَ, (S, A, O, Msb, K,) aor. ـِ inf. n. قَطْبٌ, (Msb,) He mixed the wine, or beverage; (S, A, O, Msb, K;) as also ↓ اقطبهُ; (S, O, K;) and ↓ قطّبهُ, (O, K, TA,) inf. n. تَقْطِيبٌ. (TA.) b6: And قَطَبَ الإِنَآءَ He filled the vessel. (K.) b7: قَطَبَ الجُوَالِقَ, (K, TA,) inf. n. قَطْبٌ, (S, O,) He inserted one of the two loops of the [sack called]

جوالق into the other, (S, O, K, TA,) on the occasion of making up a load, (TA,) then bent it (S, O, K *) again, (S, O,) [this time, app., back and down,] and put them together [in order, it seems, to insert a stick, so that the middle of one loop should be above the stick and the middle of the other should be beneath it]: (K, TA:) when he does not bend the loop, [app. meaning through the other and then a second time as described above,] the action is termed سَلْقٌ. (S, O, [See سَلَقَ الجُوَالِقَ, in art. سلق.]) A2: قَطَبَهُ signifies also He angered him; (O, K;) aor. as above [and so, app., the inf. n.]. (O.) A3: And also, (K, TA,) aor. ـِ (TA,) inf. n. قَطْبٌ, (S, O,) He cut it, or cut it off: (S, O, K:) but in this instance the ط is substituted for ض. (O.) 2 قَطَّبَ see above, in three places.4 أَقْطَبَ see the first paragraph, in two places.

قَطْبٌ: see the next paragraph, in two places.

قُطْبٌ (S, A, O, Msb, K) and ↓ قَطْبٌ and ↓ قِطْبٌ (S, A, O, K, but some reject the second and third of these, TA) and ↓ قُطُبٌ (A, K) and ↓ قُطْبَةٌ, (so in some copies of the K,) or ↓ قَطْبَةٌ, (so in other copies of the K, and thus accord. to the TA, as on the authority of Th,) The axis, or pivot, (T, A, Msb, K,) of iron, (A, K,) of a mill; (T, S, A, O, Msb, K;) the iron thing that is fixed in the middle of the nether stone of a mill; (IAth, TA;) the iron in the nether stone, around which revolves the upper stone, of a mill: (Ham p. 54:) pl. أَقْطَابٌ (A, IAth, O, TA) and قُطُوبٌ (IAth, TA) and قِطَبَةٌ. (O.) b2: Hence, (TA,) القُطْبُ, (S, O, Msb, K,) and accord. to some ↓ القَطْبُ and ↓ القِطْبُ, (MF,) (tropical:) [The pole-star: or the pole of the celestial sphere:] a certain star, (K,) a small star, (ISd, TA,) according to which the kibleh is constructed: (ISd, K, TA:) a star between the جَدْى and the فَرْقَدَانِ, around which the celestial sphere, or firmament, revolves, (S, O, TA,) small and white, and never moving from its place: [but it seems that nebula should be here substituted for star:] Aboo-'Adnán says that the قظب is a small star always in the midst of the four [stars] of بَنَاتُ نَعْشٍ, [which is evidently a mistake,] never quitting its place, around which revolve the جدى and the فرقدان: but accord. to Ibn-Es-Saláh El-Mohaddith, it is not a star, but a بُقْعَة [meaning a spot, or a nebula,] in the sky, near the جدى, which latter is the [pole-] star whereby the kibleh is known in the northern countries. (TA.) b3: And [hence likewise,] القُطْبُ signifies also (tropical:) The cause, or means, of the subsistence of a thing: and (tropical:) the thing, or point, [or person,] upon which [or upon whom] a thing [such as an affair, and a question,] turns: pl. [as above, i. e.] أَقْطَابٌ and قُطُوبٌ and قِطَبَةٌ. (K, TA.) b4: And (tropical:) The chief, or lord, of a people or tribe; (S, A, O, K;) قُطْبُ بَنِى فُلَانٍ meaning (tropical:) the chief, or lord, of the sons of such a one, upon whom their state of affairs turns [i. e. depends, and by whose government their affairs are regulated]. (S, O, TA.) And قُطْبُ رَحَى الحَرْبِ [lit. The axis, or pivot, of the mill of war, or of the mill of the war,] means (tropical:) the commander of the army. (S, O, TA.) b5: [In the conventional language of the mystics, it is applied to (assumed tropical:) The hierarch of the saints of his generation, who is also called الغَوْثُ, and is supposed to be pre-eminently endued with sanctity, and with thaumaturgic faculties, and to be known as the قُطْب to none but his agents unless he make himself known: at his death, his place is believed to be filled by another.]

A2: [قُطْبٌ also signifies A species of plant:] accord. to AHn, the قُطْب [is a species of plant that] extends upon the ground like ropes, and has a yellow, thorny, or prickly, blossom; when fit to be reaped, and dry, it hurts men to tread upon it; and is round like a pebble: n. un. ↓ قُطْبَةٌ: (O:) [it is said in the K that ↓ القُطْبَةُ is said to signify a certain plant: and the pl. is قُطْبٌ or قُطَبٌ: (thus accord. to different copies: in my MS. copy, the former; and in the CK, the latter, and there said to be like صُرَدٌ: if the former be right, it is a coll. gen. n.:)] or قُطْبٌ and ↓ قُطْبَةٌ signify two species of plants: and the latter is said to be a certain herb, having a fruit, or produce, and berries (حَبّ) like those of the هَرَاس [a tree that bears a kind of drupe]: Lh says that it [app. the قُطْب, the pronoun being masc.,] is a species of thorn, from which diverge three thorns, resembling a حَسَك [here meaning caltrop: the leaves of its stem resemble those of the [species of trefoil called] نَفَل and ذُرق, and قطب is the name of the fruit: and أَرْضٌ قطبة [i. e., accord. to general analogy, ↓ قَطِبَةٌ, like قَصِبَةٌ &c.,] signifies Land in which this kind of plant grows. (TA.) A3: See also قُطْبَةٌ.

قِطْبٌ: see قُطْبٌ, first and second sentences.

قَطَبٌ, [app. an inf. n. of which the verb is not mentioned, (in the CK قَطْب, but, as is said in the TA, it is مُحَرَّكَة,)] which is forbidden, is One's taking a thing [by measure or weight], and then taking the rest of the commodity by comparing it with the former portion, without measure or weight. (Kr, K, * TA.) قَطِبٌ: see قَطُوبٌ: A2: and أَرْضٌ قَطِبَةٌ: see قُطْبٌ, last sentence but one.

قُطُبٌ: see قُطْبٌ, first sentence.

قَطْبَةٌ: see قُطْبٌ, first sentence.

قُطْبَةٌ: see قُطْبٌ, first sentence: A2: and again, in the last quarter of the paragraph, in three places.

A3: Also An arrow-head (S, O, K) of small size (O) with which one shoots at a butt: (S, O, K:) accord. to ISd, a small, short, foursided head at the end of an arrow with which one shoots, to the utmost possible distance, at the butts: accord. to Th, the end of an arrow with which one shoots at the butt: accord. to AHn, it is of what are called المَرَامِى [pl. of مِرْمَاةٌ, q. v.]: (TA:) or an arrow with which one contends for superiority in shooting: (A:) [but] accord. to En-Nadr, it is not accounted an arrow: and ↓ قُطْبٌ signifies an arrow-head; occurring in a trad. in this sense. (TA.) قُطْبَانٌ A certain plant. (K.) قِطِبَّى A certain plant, of which is made rope of twisted strands, or well-twisted rope, (K, TA,) resembling that of the cocoa-nut, the price of which mounts to a hundred deenárs of ready money, (TA,) and which is better than that made of the fibres of the cocoa-nut. (K, TA.) قِطَابٌ An admixture (Lth, S, * O, K, TA) in what is drunk and what is not drunk. (Lth, TA.) b2: And قِطَابُ الجَيْبِ, (S, A, O, K, *) from القَطْبُ meaning “ the act of cutting,” (S, TA,) or from the same as meaning “ the act of bringing, or drawing, together ” two things, (TA,) The opening that is cut out at the neck and bosom of a shirt or the like, for the head to enter into it: (O:) or (tropical:) the part where the two sides of that opening unite: (A, * K, * TA:) or, as AAF says, the lower, or lowest, part of that opening. (TA.) قَطُوبٌ (S, O, K) and ↓ قَاطِبٌ (K) [and ↓ قَطِبٌ (occurring in the A in art. دعب, as opposed to دَعِبٌ and لَعِبٌ, to which it seems to be therefore assimilated in form,)] Who contracts the part between his eyes; (S, O, K;) and grins, or displays his teeth, frowning, or contracting his face, and looking sternly, austerely, or morosely; (K;) [or rather the first signifies one who does so much;] applied to a man. (S.) b2: Hence, (TA,) القَطُوبُ and ↓ القَاطِبُ signify The lion. (O, K, TA.) قَطِيبٌ Mixed wine or beverage [&c.]; as also ↓ مَقْطُوبٌ. (K.) قُطَابَةٌ A piece of flesh: (Kr, K:) from قَطَبَ signifying “ he cut ” a thing. (TA.) قَطِيبَةٌ Anything mixed. (TA.) And [particularly] (TA) Camels' milk and sheeps' or goats' milk mixed together: (IAar, S, O, K:) or goats' milk and sheeps' milk mixed together; (K;) which is also called نَخِيسَةٌ: (TA:) or fresh milk, or milk such as is termed حَقِين [q. v.], mixed with إِهَالَة [or melted fat, &c.]: and i. q. رَثِيئَةٌ [q. v.]. (TA.) b2: See also قَاطِبَة.

قَاطِبٌ: see قَطُوبٌ, in two places.

جَاؤُوا قَاطِبَةً (tropical:) They came all together: (S, A, * O, Msb, K:) قاطبة being a noun denoting generality, (Sb, S, O,) not used but as a word descriptive of state, in the accus. case: (Sb, S, O, K:) its use otherwise is a vulgar corruption, though allowed by El-Khafájee: (MF:) or it may be regarded in a phrase such as that above as being in the accus. case as an inf. n.: (IAth, TA:) it is expl. in the T as meaning all together; mixed, one with another. (TA.) And ↓ جَاؤُوا بِقَطِيبَتِهِم means (assumed tropical:) They came with their [whole] company. (K.) المُقَطَّبُ and المُقَطِّبُ and المَقْطِبُ The part between the eyebrows. (TA.) مَقْطُوٰٰبٌ: see قَطِيبٌ. b2: قِرْبَةٌ مَقْطُوبَةٌ A water-skin filled. (Lh, O, TA.) وَجْهٌ مُتَقَطِّبٌ [A contracted face]. (K in art. بسر.)

قلد

1 قَلَدَ, (aor.

قَلِدَ, inf. n. قَلْدٌ, L.) He twisted, wound, or wreathed, a thing (or anything, L,) upon (على) another thing; (L, K;) as a قُلْب (the ornament so called) upon another قُلْب. (L.) b2: [Hence,] aor. and inf. n. as above (S, L) He twisted a rope. (S, L, K.) قُلِدَ حَبْلُهُ (tropical:) His rope was twisted: said of an old man who has become weak in judgment by reason of age, and whose opinion is not regarded. (IAar, L.) b3: [Hence, also,] He made a piece of iron slender, and twisted, wound, or wreathed, it (K) upon a similar piece, (TA,) or upon another thing. (K.) b4: قَلَدَتْهُ الحُمَّى, (aor.

قَلِدَ, inf. n. قَلْدٌ, L,) (assumed tropical:) The fever seized him every day. (L, K.) See قِلْدٌ.

A2: قَلَدَ, (aor.

قَلِدَ, inf. n. قَلْدٌ, L,) He irrigated growing corn. (L, K.) A3: قَلَدَ, aor. ـِ (inf. n. قَلْدٌ, L,) He collected water in a tank or cistern, (L, K,) and milk in a skin, (IAar, L, K,) ladling each out with a bowl, and pouring it into the tank or the skin, (Az,) and clarified butter in a skin, (L,) and beverage, or wine, in his belly. (L, K.) See also قرد. b2: قَلَدَ مِنَ الشَّرَاب فِى جَوْفِهِ He drank of the beverage, or wine. (IKtt.) 2 قَلَّدَهَا, inf. n. تَقْلِيدٌ; (S;) and قلّدها قِلَادَةً; (Msb, K;) He put a قلادة [or necklace] upon her (a woman's, S, Msb) neck; (S, * K;) attired her therewith. (Msb.) [And so,] قَلَدْتُهُ السَّيْفَ, I hung upon him the sword, putting its suspensory belt or cord upon his neck or shoulder. (A.) [And] قلّد البَدَنَةَ, inf. n. تَقْلِيدٌ, He hung upon the neck of the camel or cow or bull brought as an offering to Mekkeh for sacrifice something to show that it was such an offering; (T, S, A, L, K, &c.;) namely, an old worn-out sandal, (JK,) or a piece of a skin, (Msb,) or of a sandal, (T, Mgh,) or of a مِزَادَة, (Mgh,) or the loop of a مزادة. (T.) The pagan Arabs used also to hang upon the necks of their camels pieces of the bark (لِسحَآء) of the trees of the sacred territory of Mekkeh, as a means of protection against their enemies. (Zj, on verse 2 of ch. v. of the Kur.) b2: Hence, تَقْلِيدُ الوُلَاةِ الأَعْمَالَ (tropical:) [The investing of prefects, or the like, with offices of administration]. (S, L, K.) You say, قلّدهُ عَمَلًا (tropical:) [He invested him with an office of administration]. (A, L.) قَلّدهُ نِعَمَهُ (tropical:) [He conferred upon him permanent badges of his favours]. (A.) [See قِلَادَةٌ: and see also طَوْقٌ and طوّق.] b3: Hence, also, التَّقْلِيدُ فِى الــدِّينِ (tropical:) [The investing with authority in matters of religion]: (S, L:) التقليد means a man's following another in that which he says or does, firmly believing him to be right therein, without regard or consideration of the proof, or evidence; as though the former made the saying or deed of the other a قِلَادَة upon his neck. (KT.) A2: قلّدهُ الأَمْرَ (tropical:) He obliged him, or constrained him, to do the thing, or affair; he imposed upon him the thing, or affair. (L.) A3: قُلِّدَ فُلَانٌ قِلَادَةَ سَوْءٍ (tropical:) Such a one was satirized with that which left upon him a lasting stigma. (A.) 4 اقلد البَحْرُ عَلَيْهِمْ (tropical:) The sea drowned them. (K.) اقلد البحر على خَلْقٍ كَثِيرٍ (tropical:) The sea drowned a great number of people; as though it closed upon them: (S, L:) or, closed upon them, and covered them, when they were drowned therein. (A.) 5 تقلّد, (K,) and تقلّدت, (S,) and تقلّد قِلَادَةً, (L,) and تقلّدتها, (Msb,) He put on his neck, or attired himself with, a قلادة [or necklace], and she did the same. (S, L, Msb, K.) b2: تقلّد السَّيْفَ (S, A, L) He hung upon himself the sword, putting its suspensory belt or cord upon his neck [or shoulder]. (A.) A poet says, يَا لَيْتَ زَوْجَكِ قَدْ غَدَا مُتَقَلِّدًا سَيْفًا وَرُمْحًا [Would that thy husband had gone hanging upon him a sword and bearing a spear]: he means, وَحَامِلًا رُمْحًا. (S, L.) [See a similar saying voce جَدَعَ.] b3: تقلّد العَمَلَ (tropical:) [He became invested with an office of administration, or a prefecture]. (A.) b4: تقلّد الأَمْرَ (tropical:) He took, or imposed, upon himself, or undertook, the thing, or affair; (L;) syn. اِلْتَزَمَهُ. (JK.) See Ham. p. 127.

قَلْدٌ: see مَقْلُودٌ.

قِلْدٌ A single strand, or twist, of a rope; (AHn, ISd;) and the like of a bracelet: (see قُلْبٌ:) pl. أَقْلَادٌ and قُلُودٌ. (AHn, ISd.) See مَقْلُودٌ. b2: The day on which a fever comes: (L, K:) or, on which a regular intermittent fever returns, seldom failing to do so at a particular time: (L:) or, on which a quartan fever comes: (S, L, K: *) pl. أَقْلَادٌ. (L.) b3: Hence, (S, L.) The caravans from Mekkeh to Juddeh. (S, L, K.) b4: Accord. to As, A man attacked by a quartan fever on the day of its attack. (L.) A2: Irrigation of growing corn: (Az, L:) as also ↓ قَلِيدٌ. (L.) b2: [And]

قِلْدٌ signifies The day of irrigation. (L.) أَقَامَ قِلْدَهُ مِنَ المَآءِ He performed the work of irrigating his land on the day appointed for his doing so. (L, from a trad.) b3: (assumed tropical:) Irrigation by rain every week. (K.) You say, سَقَتْنَا السَّمَآءُ قِلْدًا فِى كُلِّ

أُسْبُوعٍ (assumed tropical:) The heaven rained upon us at a particular time every week: (S, L:) from the قِلْد of a fever. (L.) b4: سَقَى إِبِلَهُ قِلْدًا (assumed tropical:) He watered his camels every day at noon. (Fr, L.) b5: كَيْفَ قِلْدُ نَخْلِ بَنِى فُلَانٍ [How is the watering of the palm-trees of the sons of such a one?] a question to which one may answer, They are watered (lit. they drink) once in every ten [nights]. (L.) b6: A portion of water: (L, K:) [pl. أَقْلَادٌ, occurring in the A.]: and ↓ قِلْدَةٌ a draught of water. (A.) A3: أَعْطَيْتُهُ قِلْدَ أَمْرِى (tropical:) I committed to him [the management of] my affair. (A, K.) قِلْدَةٌ i. q. قِشْدَةٌ; (S, L, K;) i. e., The dregs, or sediment, of clarified butter; also called كُدَادَةٌ. (L.) b2: Also, Dates, and meal of parched barley or wheat (سَوِيق), with which butter is clarified. (L, K.) A2: And see قِلدٌ.

قَلْدَةٌ [as also قَلْتَةٌ] i. q. خُنْعُبَةٌ and نُونَةٌ and تُومَةٌ and هَزْمَةٌ and وَهْدَةٌ and هَرْثَمَةٌ and عَرْتَمَةٌ and حبرمة [?]: so says IAar.; and Lth says, that the خنعبة is The part where the mustaches divide, against the partition between the two nostrils. (L.) قَلِيدٌ and ↓ مَقْلُودٌ A twisted rope. (S, K.) A2: and see قِلْدٌ

A3: and أَقْلِيدٌ.

قِلَادَةٌ [A necklace; a collar; and the like;] that which is upon the neck; (S;) what is put upon the neck (L, K) of a human being, and a horse, and a dog, and a camel or cow or bull that is brought as an offering to Mekkeh for sacrifice, [see 2,] and the like: (L:) Esh-Shiháb observes, in the 'Ináyeh, that the measure فِعَالَةٌ, in the case of a word not an inf. n., denotes a thing that envelops, or that surrounds, another thing; as in the instances of لِفَافَةٌ and عِمَامَةٌ and قِلَادَةٌ: (TA:) pl. قَلَائِدُ: (Msb:) قِلَادٌ also occurs, either as a pl. of قِلَادَةٌ, in which case the kesreh and ا in the pl. are different from the kesreh and ا in the sing., [being the proper characteristics of the pl.,] or as a coll. gen. n., of which قِلَادَةٌ is the n. un. (ISd, L.) b2: حَسْبُكَ مِنَ القِلَادَةِ مَا أَحَاطَ بِالعُنُقِ (assumed tropical:) [Sufficient for thee is the necklace that surrounds the neck]. A proverb. (TA.) Said by 'Okeyl Ibn-'Ullufeh, on his being asked why he did not censure his enemies in a longer satire. (Z.) b3: نِعْمَتُكَ قِلَادَةٌ فِى عُنُقِى لَا يَفُكُّهَا المَلَوَانِ (tropical:) [Thy beneficence is a permanent badge upon my neck which day and night will not loose]. (A.) b4: لِى فِى

أَعْنَاقِهِمْ قَلَائِدُ نِعَمٍ رَاهِنَةٌ (tropical:) [To me are owing acknowledgments required by permanent badges of favours firmly fastened upon their necks: see 2]. (A.) [This use of قلادة in a good sense is more common than the meaning (tropical:) A disgrace attaching constantly or a permanent badge of infamy: see Ham. p. 127.]

A2: قَلَائِدُ الشِّعْرِ, (K,) and ↓ مُقَلَّدَاتُهُ, (L, K,) (assumed tropical:) Verses, or poems, that last throughout time. (L, K.) See 2.

A3: القِلَادَةُ A certain asterism. (See البَلْدَةُ.) قِلِّيدٌ: see مِقْلَادٌ.

إِقْلَادٌ: see إِقْلِيدٌ.

أَقْلِيدٌ: see إِقْلِيدٌ

A2: أَقَمْتُ أَقْلِيدِى, or اقليدَتِى, [as in different copies of the A: perhaps mistakes for ↓ قَلِيدِى:] I irrigated my land with my قِلْد [or portion of water]. (A, TA.) إِقْلِيدٌ, (S, L, K,) or ↓ أَقْلِيدٌ, with fet-h to the ء, (A,) said to be of the dial. of El-Yemen, and said to be arabicized, (Msb, TA,) originally كليد [i. e., كَلِيدْ or كِلِيدْ, which is Persian,] (TA) or originally اقليدس, (Msb, MF,) which is Greek, [i. e., kleidos, gen. of kleis,] (MF,) A key; (S, A, L, Msb, K;) as also ↓ مِقْلَدٌ (L, K) and ↓ مِقْلَادٌ (K) and ↓ مِقْلِيدٌ (A Heyth, L) and ↓ إِقْلَادٌ: (L:) pl. أَقَالِيدُ (L, Msb, El-Basáïr) and مَقَالِيدُ, (Msb, El-Basáïr,) the latter a pl. similar to مَلَامِحُ and مَحَاسِنُ and مَشَابِهُ and مَذَاكِيرُ, (El-Basáïr,) or [rather] a [reg.] pl. of مِقْلَادٌ or مِقْلِيدٌ or مِقْلَدٌ, (Esh-Shiháb, in the 'Ináyeh,) or it has no [proper] sing.; (As;) [and pl. of مِقْلَدٌ, مَقَالِدُ of which see an ex. below]. [You say] ↓ فَتَحَ البَابَ بِالأَقْلِيدِ, [or بالإِقْلِيدِ,] He opened the door with the key. (A.) b2: لَهُ مَقَالِيدُ السَّمَوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ [Kur xxxix. 63, and xlii. 10,] may signify (assumed tropical:) To Him belong the keys of the heavens and of the earth: (L, Msb:) Zj says, that the meaning is, God is the Creator, and the Opener of the door, of everything in the heavens and in the earth: (L:) some say that it may signify to Him belong the treasuries of the heavens and of the earth. (Es-Suddee, L, Msb.) b3: أَلْقَيْتُ إِلَيْهِ مَقَالِيدَ الأُمُورِ (tropical:) [lit., I threw to him the keys of the affairs; meaning, I committed to him the disposal, or management, of the affairs]. (A.) b4: ضَاقَتْ مَقَالِيدُهُ, and مَقَالِدُهُ, (K,) and ضَاقَتْ عَلَيْهِ المَقَالِيدُ, (A,) (tropical:) [His means, likened to keys, became straitened: or] his affairs became straitened, or difficult, to him: (A, K:) accord. to Esh-Shiháb, from مِقْلَدٌ, signifying a twisted rope: this he says considering مَقَالِيدُ as syn. with قَلَائِدُ; but its use in this sense is not established. (TA.) مِقْلَدٌ A kind of key, like a reaping-hook, (S, L, K,) with which, sometimes, herbage is twisted, (يُقْلَدُ, i. e., يُفْتَلُ,) like as [the kind of trefoil, or clover, called] قَتّ is twisted when it is made into ropes; pl. مَقَالِيدُ: (S:) a stick with a crooked head, (L, K,) which is used for that purpose: (L:) also, a reaping-hook with which قَتّ is cut. (L.) See also إِقْلِيدٌ.

مِقْلَادٌ A repository, magazine, store-room, or treasury; (L, K;) as also ↓ قِلِّيدٌ: (K:) pl. مَقَالِيدُ. (L.) A2: And see إِقْلِيدٌ.

مَقْلُودٌ: see قَلِيدٌ. b2: A bracelet formed of two bracelets of the kind called قُلْب twisted together: (L:) a twisted bracelet; as also ↓ قَلْدٌ: (L, K [the latter said in the K to be with fet-h, but in the L written قِلْدٌ:]) and the latter, [in the S written قَلْدٌ,] a bracelet made of twisted silver. (S, L.) مُقَلَّدٌ The place of the قِلَادَة [or necklace, or collar, upon the neck]; (K;) [the neck of a woman, and of a horse, &c.]. b2: The place of the suspensory belt or cord of the sword, upon the shoulders. (S, K.) b3: [Having a قِلَادَة or the like put upon his neck]. b4: A horse which outstrips others, (S, L, K,) which has something put upon his neck in order that it may be known that he has outstripped. (S, L.) b5: A chief upon whom are imposed the affairs of his people. (Ham p. 127.)