موس

1 مَاسَ, aor. ـُ (Msb,) inf. n. مَوْسٌ, (Sgh, Msb, K,) He shaved (Sgh, Msb, K) the head, (Sgh, Msb,) or the hair: (K:) but Sgh says, that its correctness requires consideration, and it was doubted by IF. (TA.) See مُوسَى, below.

المَاسُ, not أَلْمَاسٌ, (K,) i. e., with the disjunctive hemzeh, (TA,) for this is an incorrect pronunciation, (K,) of the vulgar, as Sgh and others have plainly asserted; but IAth says, I think that the hemzeh and lám in it are radical letters, as they are in الياس, [i. e., إِلْيَاس or أَلْيَاس,] and it is not Arabic; and if so, its place is under the letter hemzeh, because they say أَلْمَاسٌ; but if they be [prefixed] for the purpose of rendering the word determinate, the present is its [proper] place; (TA;) [The diamond;] a certain precious stone, (K, * TA,) reckoned among jewels, like the يَاقُوت and the زُمُرُّرذ, (TA,) the largest of which is like the walnut, (K, TA,) or the egg of the pigeon, (TA,) and this is rare, or very rare, (K, TA,) the only instance being said to be the one called الكَوْكَبُ الدُّرِّىُّ, which is suspended at the tomb of the Prophet: (TA:) it breaks all stony bodies, and the holding it in the mouth breaks the teeth, and fire has no effect upon it, nor iron, but only lead breaks it and powders it, [a strange mistake, for it is well known that it is powdered by being pounded in a steel mortar,] after which it is taken [in the state of powder] upon drills, and pearls &c. are drilled with it. (K.) مُوسَى [A razor;] a certain instrument of iron, (M, Msb, TA,) with which one shaves: (Lth, L, K, TA:) of the measure فُعْلَى, (Ks, M, Msb, K,) from المَوْسُ, [inf. n. of مَاسَ,] so that the م is a radical letter, (K,) accord. to Lth, (TA,) [for] Lth says, (L, TA,) المَوْسُ is the root (تَأْسِيس [lit. foundation]) of المُوسَى, (L, K, TA,) the thing with which one shaves; (L, TA;) therefore, (Az, Msb, K,) it is imperfectly decl., because of the short fem. ا [written ى], (Msb,) without tenween; (Az, K;) and Fr cites a verse [of obscene meaning] in which it is made fem.: (TA:) or it is from أَوْسَيْتُ رَأْسَهُ, meaning “ I shaved his head,” (ISk, M, * Msb, K,) of the measure مُفْعَلٌ, (ISk, Msb, TA,) so that the ى is a radical letter, as El-Umawee and Yz say, and Aboo-'Amr Ibn-el-Alà inclined to think it so, (TA,) and therefore it is perfectly decl., (Msb,) with tenween, (Msb, K,) when indeterminate; (Msb;) or it is of the measure مُفْعَلٌ because this measure is more common than فُعْلَى, and because it is perfectly decl. when indeterminate, whereas فُعْلَى is not so when indeterminate and when determinate: (Ibn-EsSarráj, TA:) but IAmb says, that it is masc. and fem., and perfectly decl. and imperfectly decl.: ISk says, that the approved way is to make it perfectly decl.: (Msb:) [but] he says that it is fem. [also, and if so it is imperfectly decl.]: (TA:) and it is related of A'Obeyd, in the Bári', that he said he had not heard it made masc. except by El-Umawee; (Msb;) who asserted it to be masc. only: (TA:) the pl., accord. to him who makes it imperfectly decl., is مُوسَيَاتٌ; and accord. to him who makes it perfectly decl., مَوَاسٍ. (Msb.) The dim. of موسى, in the sense above explained, [not as a proper name, in which case it is مُوسَى only, without tenween, and has no relation to the same word signifying a razor,] is مُوَيْسِيَةٌ, [but by rule it should be مُوَيْسَى, like حُبَيْلَى,] accord. to him who says هٰذِهِ مُوسَى; and مُوَيْسٍ accord. to him who says هٰذَا مُوسًى. (ISk, TA.)

نوب

1 نُبْتُهُ, aor. ـُ inf. n. نَوْبٌ; and ↓ اِنْتَبْتُهُ; I came to him by turns, (TA,) b2: * اِنْنَابَهُمْ, inf. n. اِنْتِيَابٌ, He came to them time after time, (S, K.) The Hudhalee (Aboo-Sahm Usámeh, TA,) says, ??

?? (S) Slender in the belly, an object of the chase, in a part of the desert far from roster and pasture; he will not come to the water otherwise than time after time. The port is describing a wild ass. (IB.) Accord to one relation, the last word is اِئْتِيَابَا. meaning “ coming by night. ” (S,) b3: [Also, ↓ انتاب, app., He did a thing time after time; did a thing by turns. (See مُنْتَابٌ.] b4: نَابَ, aor. ـْ inf. n. نَوْبٌ, He drove camels early in the morning to the water, and was [again] at the water in the evening, going to it thus] time after time (IAar) b5: نَابَ إِلَى اللّٰه; (K;) and ↓ اناب إِلَيْهِ, (S, K,) inf. n. إِنَابَةٌ; (TA:) obedience He returned from disobedience to obedience to God, he returned unto God [repenting]: he repented; (S, K:) or the latter, he returned unto God; syn. رَجَعَ (Msb:) or ناب signifies he kept to obedience unto God: [this is given in the K as another and distinct signification of ناب ?? and اناب signifies as before explained or he returned to the performance of God, command; not departing from anything thereof: or be returned time after time: the In. signification, accord. to the Kesh-sháf and AHei, is he entered upon the good turn. (TA, where for الخيل read الخير.) b6: نَابَ عَنِّى, aor. ـُ inf. n. نَوْبٌ and مَنَابٌ (S, K: but the former inf. n. which is mentioned by Th, is omitted in some copies of the S) and نِيَابَةٌ (Msb: [the only inf. n. there mentioned:] but this last, though also mentioned in the L, is rejected by Th and the other early authorities as not belonging to the classical language of the Arabs: TA) He supplied my place; served for me; acted in my place or stead, or as my substitute, lieutenant, deputy, factor, or agent; (S, K, &c.: فِى كَذَا in such an affair. (Msb.) b7: نَابَ عَنْهُ [and نَابَ مَنَابَهَ] It (a thing) supplied its (another thing's) place. (TA.) b8: نَابَهُ أَمْرٌ, aor. ـُ (S.) inf. n. نَوْبٌ and نَوْبَةٌ; (K, TA;) and ↓ إِنْتَابَهُ; (S;) a thing, or an event, [generally a misfortune, or an evil accident,] befell him; betided him; happened to him. (S, K.) 3 ناوبهُ, (inf. n. مُنَاوَبَةٌ, TA,) He did [or tock] a thing with him, each taking his turn ??

عاقبه. (K.) b2: نَاوَبْتُهُ, inf. n. مَنَاوَبَةٌ i. q. ??

[q. v., here signifying I shared with him. ?? (Msb.) 4 أَنَبْتُهُ عَنْهُ. (K,) and ↓ اسْتَنَبْتُهُ, (TA.) I made him to supply his [another's] place to act in him place or stead, or as his substitute, lieutenant, deputy, factor, or agent; (K, Msb;) فِى كَذَا in such an affair. (Msb.) b2: See 1. b3: أَتَانِى

فُلَانٌ فَمَا أَنَبْتُ لَهُ Such a one came to me, and I cared not for him, or paid any regard to him. (A.) 6 تَنَاوَبْنَا الخَطْبَ, and الأَمْرَ, We performed the affair, or business, by turns; or turn after turn. (T.) هُمْ يَتَنَاوبُونَ النَّوْبَةَ فِيمَا بَيْنَهُمْ فِى المَاءِ وَغَيْرِهِ [They took turns in the case of a thing that was between them; in the case of water &c.] (S.) b2: تَنَاوَبُوا عَلَيْهِ They did it by turns; this person doing it one time: and that, another. (Msb.) b3: تَنَاوَبُوا, as also تنازلوا and تطاعموا, They (a people on a journey ate with or of the tent of, [meaning, of the food of.] this man on one occasion of alighting, and another man on another occasion of alighting; each one of them having his tarn to supply the food of one day. (ISh.) b4: تَنَاوَبَوا عَلَى المَاءِ, (K,) or تناوبوا الماءَ, (L,) They shared the water among themselves [by turns] by means of the حَصَاة القَسْمِ, (K,) or المَقْلةُ: (L;) which is a pebble that is put into a vessel: then as much water as will come the pebble is poured into the vessel: this is done by persons on a journey when they have little water; and thus they divide it into shares. (K, arts. قسم and مقل.) b5: المَنَايَا تَتَنَاوَبُنَا Deaths come to us by turns; to each of us in his turn. (TA.) 8 إِنْتَوَبَ see 1.10 إِسْتَنْوَبَ see 4.

النَّوْبٌ What is a day's and a night's journey distant from one: (S, K:) what is a night's journey distant is called القَرَبُ: originally in the case of going to water: (S:) or what is three days' journey distant: or what is two leagues (فَرْسَخَانِ) distant; or three. (TA.) Lebeed says, إِحْدَى بَنِى جَعْفَرٍ كَلِفْتُ بِهَا لَمْ تُمْسِ مِنِّى نَوْبًا وَلَا قَرَبَا [I have become enamoured of one of the descendants of Jaafar: she has not become a day's and a night's journey (or three days' journey or two eagues,) distant from me, nor a night's journey distant]. (S.) Or نوب signifies [in these words of the poet] near, so that he might visit her repeatedly; and قرب and نوب are synonymous: (IAar:) or قرب [is used by him to signify that at such a distance] he might come to her once in three days. (AA.) A2: نَوْبٌ Strength: (K:) as also ↓ نَوْبةٌ: ex. أَصْبَحْتَ لَا نَوْبَةٌ لَكَ Thou hast become without strength: and تَرَكْتُهُ لَا نَوْبٌ لَهُ I left him without strength. (TA.) b2: نَوْبٌ Nearness. (ISk, S, K.) A3: نَوْبٌ a pl. (or rather a quasi. pl. n., TA) of نَائِبٌ: (RA, K:) [but in what sense I do not find: app., as the act. part. n. of نَابَ “ it befell, &c. ”]

نُبٌ Bees: pl. of نَائِبٌ: (S, K:) from نَوْبَةٌ “ a turn that falls to a man at a certain time,” accord. to As: or so called because they feed and return to their place: (S:) and if so, the sing. is نائب: (TA:) or so called because they are of a colour inclining to black; (S, from A'Obeyd; or, as in some copies of the S, A'Obeydeh;) or as likened to the nation of negroes called النُّوبَةُ: and if so, the word has no sing. (TA.) See also لُوبٌ.

A2: النُّوبُ (S, K) and ↓ النُّوبَةُ (S) [The Nubians;] a nation of the Negroes [or rather Ethiopians]: (S, K:) or the latter is the name of their country; an extensive country south of Upper Egypt. (K, TA.) b2: ↓ نوبِىٌّ [A Nubian;] an individual of the nation above mentioned. (S.) See لُوبَةٌ. b3: ↓ أَسْوَدُ نُوبِىٌّ: see لُوبِىٌّ.

نَوْبَةٌ A turn which comes to one, or which one takes; the time at which, or during which, anything is, or is to be, done, or had, in succession; an opportunity: (S, * K, MF:) pl. نُوَبٌ, (S,) which is extr. [with respect to analogy.] (TA.) See نَوْبٌ. b2: نَوْبَةٌ and ↓ نِيَابَةٌ A coming to water, &c., one time, or turn, after a former time, or turn. This is the meaning of the words in the following phrases, mentioned [but not explained] in the S and K: جَاءَتْ نَوْبَتُكَ and جاءت نِيَابَتُكَ, Thy time, or turn, to came to water, &c., in succession, has arrived: (TA:) pl. of the former word نُوَبٌ. (S, K.) b3: نَوْبَةٌ An assembly, a company, troop, or congregated body, of men. (K.) نُوبَةٌ: see نُوبٌ and نَائِبَةٌ.

نِيَابَةٌ: see نَوْبَهٌ.

خَيْرٌ نَائِبٌ Abundant good, (K,) that comes again and again [by turns]. (A.) b2: حُمَّى نَائِبَةٌ A quotidian fever. (S.) b3: نَائِبَةٌ Guests coming time after time. (TA, from a trad.) b4: See نُوبٌ. b5: نَائِبٌ One who supplies the place of another; who acts in his place or stead, or as his substitute, lieutenant, deputy, factor, or agent: pl. نُوَّابٌ. (Msb.) b6: نَائِبَةٌ What befalls, betides, or happens, that is afflictive, distressing, difficult, or unfortunate: pl. نَوَائِبُ and نُوَبٌ; the latter of which is extr.: (TA:) or rather this latter is pl. of نُوبَةٌ, which is syn. with نائبة, (MF,) a subst. from نَابَهُ أَمْرٌ, (S,) [and therefore signifying an accident, or a casualty, &c.; and as such this pl. is not extr., but analogous:] an evil accident; a misfortune; a disaster; a calamity; an affliction: pl. نَوَائِبُ: (S:) only signifying what is evil: (Msb:) or, accord. to some, an accident, whether good or evil: ex. Lebeed says, نَوَائِبُ مِنْ خَيْرٍ وَشَرٍّ كِلَاهُمَا فَلَا الخَيْرُ مَمْدُودٌ وَلَا الشَّرُّ لَازِبُ

[Accidents of a good nature, and of an evil, both of them; and neither is the good prolonged, nor the evil constant]: or what befalls, betides, or happens, to a man, of difficult, arduous, distressing, or afflictive, events, or affairs, and accidents: [a difficulty, or difficult affair] in a trad. respecting Kheyber it is said, قَسَمَهَا نُصْفَيْنِ نُصْفًا لِنَوَائِبِهِ وَحَاجَاتِهِ وَنُصْفًا بَيْنَ المُسْلِمِينَ [He divided it into two halves; half for his own difficulties, or difficult affairs, and wants, and half among the Muslims]. (TA.) مَنَابٌ A road to water. (K.) b2: مَنَابٌ (tropical:) i. q. مَرْجِعٌ: ex. إِلَيْهِ مَنَابِى (tropical:) [To him is my recourse]. (A.) مُنَابٌ pass. part. n. of 4, A person made to supply another's place; &c. (Msb.) b2: أَمْرُ مُنَابٌ فِيهِ An affair in which a person is made to supply another's place; in which a person is made to act in the place or stead of another person; or as another's substitute. (Msb.) See the verb.

مَنُوبٌ عَنْهُ A person whose place is supplied by another; in whose place or stead, or as whose substitute, another person acts. (Msb.) b2: أَمْرٌ مَنُوبٌ فِيهِ An affair in which a person supplies the place of another; in which a person acts in the place or stead of another, or as another's substitute. (Msb.) See the verb.

مُنِيبٌ, from اناب الى اللّٰه, Repenting, &c. (TA.) b2: مُنِيبٌ act. part. n. of 4, A person making another to supply his or another's place; &c. (Msb.) b3: See the verb. b4: مُنِيبٌ Copious rain: and good rain, of the [rain termed] رَبِيعٌ: (K:) or, accord. to En-Nadr Ibn-Shumeyl, copious rain (مَطَرٌ جَوْدٌ) is termed منيب: and you say, أَصَابَنَا رَبِيعُ صِدْقٍ منيبٌ [There fell upon us an excellent, copious rain, of such as is termed ربيع; meaning] good rain, but inferior to what is termed جود; but this is an excellent rain if followed by other rain. (TA.) مُنْتَابٌ act. part. n. of 8. b2: [Coming by turns: &c.] b3: Visiting. (RA.) b4: Doing a thing time after time: doing a thing by turns. (TA.)

قفر

1 قَفِرَ, aor. ـَ (K,) inf. n. قَفَرٌ, (TA,) It (food) was without seasoning, or condiment, to render it pleasant, or savoury. (K, TA.) A2: قَفَرَ أَثَرَهُ, (S, K,) aor. ـُ (S;) and ↓ اقتفرهُ; and ↓ تقفّرهُ; (S, A, K;) (tropical:) He followed his footsteps; tracked him: (S, A, K:) or he followed his footsteps by degrees, and leisurely; syn. تَتَبَّعَهُ: (TA:) accord. to Z, from إِقْتَفَرَ العَظْمَ. (TA.) It is said in a trad., العِلْمَ ↓ ظَهَرَ قَبْلَنَا نَاسٌ يَتَقَفَّرُونَ There appeared before us men searching after knowledge time after time. (TA.) [See also 5 in art. فقر.]4 اقفر المَكَانُ The place became vacant, or void; (K;) destitute of herbage or pasturage, [and of water,] and of human beings. (TA.) اقفرت الأَرْضُ The land became destitute of herbage or vegetable produce, and of water. (A.) اقفرت الدَّارُ The house became vacant. (S.) اقفر الرَّجُلُ, (K,) or اقفر مِنْ أَهْلِهِ, (A,) (tropical:) The man became apart from his family, (A, K,) and remained alone. (TA.) b2: اقفر He came, (S, Msb,) or went, or his course brought him, (S,) to the desert, where was no herbage or vegetable produce, nor water. (S, Msb.) b3: (tropical:) He became destitute of food, and hungry. (K, TA.) A2: اقفر البَلَدَ He found the country, or town, to be what is termed قَفْر, (TS, K,) i. e., destitute [of herbage or vegetable produce, and of water, or] of people. (TA.) A3: اقفر (tropical:) He ate bread, (A,) or his food, (TA,) without seasoning, or condiment, to render it pleasant, or savoury. (A, TA.) b2: (tropical:) He had no seasoning, or condiment, to render his food pleasant, or savoury, remaining with him, or in his abode. (S.) b3: It is said in a trad., مَا أَقْفَرَ بَيْتٌ فِيهِ خَلٌّ (S, A) (tropical:) A house in which is vinegar is not destitute of seasoning, or condiment, to render food pleasant, or savoury; its inhabitants are not in want thereof: regarded by 'AObeyd as being from قَفْرٌ, meaning a country, or town, “wherein is nothing. ” (TA.) 5 تَقَفَّرَ see 1, in two places.8 اقتفر العَظْمَ He ate all the meat that was upon the bone, (K, * TA,) leaving nothing upon it. (TA.) A2: See also 1.

أَرْضٌ قَفْرٌ, (S, A, Msb, K,) and ↓ قَفْرَةٌ, (A, K,) and ↓ مِقْفَارٌ, (K,) and ↓ مُقْفِرَةٌ, (A,) Vacant, or void, land, (A, K,) destitute of herbage or vegetable produce, and of water: (S, A, Msb:) and مَفَازَةٌ قَفْرٌ, (S, Msb,) and ↓ قَفْرَةٌ, and ↓ مِقْفَارٌ, (S,) a desert destitute of herbage or vegetable produce, and of water: (S, Msb:) or قَقْرٌ signifies a place destitute of human beings, or desert, but sometimes containing a little herbage or pasturage: (Lth, TA:) or بَلَدٌ قَفْرٌ a country, or town, wherein is nothing: (Az, A'Obeyd:) and دَارٌ قَفْرٌ a house destitute of inhabitants; deserted; or desolate: (Msb:) the pl. (of قَفْرٌ, S, Msb) is قِفَارٌ (S, Msb, K) and قُفُورٌ: (K:) and you say also أَرْضٌ قِفَارٌ, (A, Msb, TA,) imagining it as comprising places; and in like manner, دَارٌ قِفَارٌ: (Msb, TA:) and [in a contrary manner,] أَرَضُونَ قَفُرٌ, and بِلَادٌ قَفْرٌ; as well as قِفَارٌ: (A:) but when you make قَفُرٌ a subst., [not meaning أَرْضٌ or the like to be understood,] (Msb,) or use a single term, (TA,) or apply it as an appellative to a land, (L, TA,) you add ة, and say ↓ قَفْرَةٌ, (Msb,) and إِنْتَهَيْنَا إِلَى

قَفْرَةٍ مِنَ الأَرْضِ [We came at last to a land destitute of herbage and of water]. (L, TA.) b2: نَزَلْنَا بِبَنِى فُلَانٍ فَبِتْنَا القَفْرَ (tropical:) [We alighted at the abode of the sons of such a one, and passed the night] without being entertained by them as guests. (S.) b3: نَبْتُ القَفْرِ is a prov., meaning (assumed tropical:) The stone, and the rock. (TA.) A2: See also قَفَارٌ.

قَفْرَةَ: see قَفْرٌ, in three places.

خُبْزٌ قَفَارٌ, (S, A, K,) and ↓ قَفْرٌ, (K,) and طَعَام قَفَارٌ, (TA,) and ↓ قَفِيرٌ, (K,) (tropical:) [Bread, and food,] without any seasoning, or condiment, to render it pleasant, or savoury. (S, A, K.) You say أَكَلَ خُبْزَهُ قَفَارًا (tropical:) [He ate his bread without any seasoning, &c.]. (S.) And سَوِيقٌ قَفَارٌ (tropical:) [Meal of parched barley or wheat] not moistened with any seasoning, or condiment, &c. (K, * TA.) قَفِيرٌ: see قَفَارٌ.

مُقْفِيرٌ: see قَفْرٌ. b2: Also, Destitute of food. (TA.) مِقْفَارٌ: see قَفْرٌ, in two places.

قرظ

1 قَرَظَهُ, aor. ـِ inf. n. قَرْظٌ, He tanned it, (Msb, TA,) namely, a skin, or hide, (Msb,) or a skin for water or milk, (TA,) with قَرَظ, q. v. infra: (Msb, TA:) or he dyed it therewith. (TA.) b2: He plucked it, or gathered it, from the tree; namely, what is called قَرَظ. (Msb.) A2: قَرَظْتُهُ a dial. var. of قَرَضْتُهُ, in the phrase قَرَظْتُهُ ذَاتَ الشِّمَالِ, q. v. (Fr, K.) b2: And [in like manner as a dial. var. of قَرَضْتُهُ,] I cut it, or made it and cut it according to a measure and pattern. (Fr.) A3: قَرِظَ, aor. ـَ He was, or became, a lord, master, chief, or man of rank or quality, after being in a base or abject state. (IAar, O, K; and T in art. قرض.) 2 قرّظهُ, inf. n. تَقْرِيظٌ, He took extraordinary pains, or exceeded the usual degree, in tanning it, namely, a skin, or hide, with قَرَظ. (Z.) b2: [and hence, (see 6,)] (tropical:) He praised, or eulogized, him, he, the latter, being living; (S, K, TA;) تَأْبِينٌ signifying the “ doing so when the man is dead; ” (S;) the former signifies he did so truly or falsely. (K.) And فُلَانٌ يُقَرِّظُ صَاحِبَهُ, and يُقَرِّضُهُ, (tropical:) Such a one praises his companion, falsely or truly. (Az, S, TA.) And يُقَرِّظُنِى بِمَا لَيْسَ فِىَّ (tropical:) [He praises me for that which is not in me]. (TA, from a trad.) b3: And He praised him immoderately: like فرّطهُ. (O in art. فرط.) b4: Also, [like قرّضهُ,] (assumed tropical:) He dispraised him: (Kitáb el-Addád, cited by Freytag:) or it relates only to praise and good; but تَقْرِيضٌ relates to good and to evil. (TA in art. قرض.) 6 هُمَا يَتَقَارَظَانِ المَدْحَ (tropical:) They two praise each other; (S, K, TA;) from 2 in the first of the senses assigned to it above; each embellishing the other like as the قَارِظ embellishes the skin, or hide; (Z, TA;) and يتقارضان is like it: (TA;) and you say also, هُمَا يَتَقَارَظَانِ الخَيْرَ والشَّرَّ [They two interchange good and evil, each with the other]; as also يتقارضان: (IKh, in TA, art. قرض:) or تَقَارُظٌ relates only to praise and good; but تَقَارُضٌ, to good and evil. (TA.) قَرَظٌ, accord. to some, (Msb,) The leaves of the سَلَم [mimosa flava], (Lth, S, Mgh, K,) with which they tan; (Lth, S, Mgh;) but this assertion is [said to be] inaccurate; for the leaves are called خَبَط, and camels are fed with them, and they are not used for tanning: some say, that it is a kind of tree; but this also is inaccurate; for one says, “I plucked, or gathered, قَرَظ; ” and trees are not plucked, or gathered: (Msb:) AHn [contradicts this, however, for he applies this word to a kind of tree, and] says, it is the best of things with which hides are tanned in the land of the Arabs; and these are tanned with its leaves and its fruit: [the pods of the سَنْط, which is also called قَرَظ, are used for tanning;] and in one place he says, it is a large kind of trees, having thick stems (سوق [app. a mistranscription for شَوْك, thorns,]) resembling the walnut-tree, [in the Mgh, evidently from the same source, “or, as some say, a large kind of trees, having thick thorns (شوْك), resembling the walnut-tree,”] the leaves of which are smaller than those of the apple-tree, and it has grains which are put into balances [for weights, like as are those of the carob-tree]: it grows in the low plains: (TA:) or a kind of tree, whereof the سَنْط [mimosa Nilotica, also called acacia Nilotica,] is a species: (M, K, in art. سنط:) [or,] correctly speaking, it is [the fruit, or seed with its pericarp, of that tree;] a well-known grain, which comes forth in envelopes, like lentils, from the trees called عِضَاه; (Msb;) or, [to speak more precisely,] the fruit of the سَنْط, whence is expressed أَقَاقِيَا [acacia, i. e. succus acaciæ]; (K;) which is termed عُصَارَةُ القَرَظِ, [and when inspissated, رُبُّ القَرَظِ,] and has an acrid property; the best thereof is that which is sweet in odour, heavy, hard, and green; and it strengthens relaxed members, when cooked in water, and poured upon them: (Ibn-Jezleh, TA:) [the last application is that which commonly obtains in the present day: see also 'Abd-el-Lateef, pp. 48-52 of the Arabic text, and De Sacy's translation and notes:] the n. un. is قَرَظَةٌ: (AHn, Mgh, Msb:) and the dim. of this is قُرَيْظَةٌ. (AHn, Msb.) Hence بِلَادُ القَرَظِ, applied to El-Yemen, because the قَرَظ grows there [most plentifully]. (S.) See also صَمْعٌ.

قَرَظِىٌّ The dye (صِبْغ [a mistranscription for دِبْع i. e. tan]) of the قَرَظ. (TA.) b2: See also مَقْرُوظٌ. b3: إِبِلٌ قَرَظِيَّةٌ Camels that eat قَرَظ. (TA.) b4: كبش قَرَظِىٌّ and قُرَظِىٌّ A ram of El-Yemen; because the قَرَظ grows there [most plentifully]. (S, K.) قَرَّاظٌ A seller of قَرَظ. (Msb, K.) قَارِظٌ A plucker, or gatherer, of قَرَظ. (S, Msb, K.) It is said in a proverb, (S,) لَا آتِيكَ أَوْ يَؤُوبُ القَارِظُ العَنَزِىُّ [I will not come to thee unless the gatherer of قرظ, of the tribe of 'Anazeh, return]: (S, K, but in the latter العنزى is omitted:) and Aboo-Dhu-eyb says, وَحَتَّى يَؤُوبَ القَارِظَانِ كِلَاهُمَا [And until the two gatherers of قرظ return, each of them]: (S:) the قَارِظَانِ were two men of the tribe of 'Anazeh, who went forth in search of قَرَظ, and did not return. (S, K.) We also find in the M, لَا آتِيكَ القَارِظَ العَنَزِىَّ, i. e. I will not come to thee as long as the gatherer of قرظ, of the tribe of 'Anazeh, is absent: القارظ العنزى being made to occupy the place of الدَّهْرَ, and being put in the accus. case as an adverbial expression, by an extension of the signification, of which there are parallel instances. (TA.) تَقْرِيظ: see 2. [Used as a subst., (tropical:) An encomium, or eulogy, on a living person: pl. تَقَارِيظُ and تَقْرِيظَاتٌ.]

مُقْرَظٌ: see what next follows.

مَقْرُوظٌ A skin, or hide, tanned with قَرَظ; (S, Msb, K;) as also ↓ قَرَظِىٌّ; and AHn mentions, on the authority of Aboo-Mis-hal, ↓ مُقْرَظٌ, as though from أَقْرَظَهُ, which, he says, we have not heard: (TA:) or dyed therewith. (K.) قرع قرف See Supplement

ربع

1 رَبَعَهُمْ, aor. ـَ and رَبُعَ and رَبِعَ, (Msb, K,) inf. n. رَبْعٌ, (TA,) He took the fourth part of their property, or possessions. (Msb, K.) And (so in the K, but in the Msb “ or,”) رَبَعَهُمْ, (S, Sgh, Msb, K,) aor. ـَ (S, Sgh, Msb) and رَبُعَ and رَبِعَ, (Sgh, Msb,) not, as is implied in the K, رَبِعَ only, (TA,) [or rather, not رَبَعَ only,] inf. n. as above, and رباعة [most probably رباعَةٌ] also, (L,) He took the fourth part of their spoil: (S, Sgh, Msb, K:) i. e., of the spoil of an army: this was done in the Time of Ignorance, but El-Islám reduced it to a fifth part; (K;) as is declared in the Kur viii.

42. (TA.) It is said in a trad., أَلَمْ أَجْعَلْكَ تَرْبَعُ وَتَدْسَعُ, (S, * TA,) mentioned [and explained] in art. دسع, q. v.: the meaning [intended] is, Did I not make thee an obeyed chief? (TA.) b2: and رَبَعَهُمْ, (S, Sgh, Msb,) or رَبَعَ الثَّلَاثَةَ, (K,) aor. ـَ (S, Sgh, Msb, K) and رَبُعَ and رَبِعَ, (Sgh, Msb, K,) [inf. n., app., رَبْعٌ,] He became the fourth of them; (S, Sgh, Msb;) or, the fourth of the three: (TA:) or he made the three to be four by [adding to them] himself. (K.) And رَبَعَهُمْ also signifies He made them, by adding himself to them, forty: or, four and forty. (K, * TA.) And He made them (namely thirteen) to be fourteen. (T in art. ثلث.) b3: رَبَعَهُ, aor. ـَ (S, K,) inf. n. رَبعٌ, (S,) He twisted it (namely a bow-string, S, TA, and a rope, or cord, K, TA) of four twists, or strands. (S, K.) A2: رَبَعَت الإِبِلُ, (S, K,) aor. ـَ inf. n. رَبْعٌ, (TA,) i. q. ↓ وَرَدَتِ الرِّبْعَ; (S, K;) i. e., The camels, having been kept from the water three days [counting two portions of days as one of those days], or four days [counting two portions of days as two days (for the difference is only verbal)], and three [whole] nights, came to the water on the fourth day [counting the day of the next preceding watering as the first]. (K.) [See رِبْعٌ, below. Another meaning of this phrase will be found later in the present paragraph.] Hence, أَرْبَعَ المَرِيضَ: see 4. (TA.) b2: رَبَعَتْ عَلَيْهِ الحُمَّى, (S, Msb, K,) aor. ـَ inf. n. رَبْعٌ; (Msb;) and عَلَيْهِ ↓ أَرْبَعَتْ, (S, Msb, K,) and ↓ أَرْبَعَتْهُ, but not رَبَعَتْهُ; (IAar;) or the phrase used by the Arabs is عليه الحمّى ↓ أَرْبَعَتْ: (Az, TA:) The fever seized him on one day and left him two days and then came again on the fourth day [counting the day of the next preceding fit as the first], (S, Msb, K,) and so on. (Msb.) and رُبِعَ, and ↓ أْرْبِعَ, (S, K,) and ↓ أَرْبَعَ is said to be also used in the same sense, (TA,) He had, or was seized by, a quartan fever; a fever of the kind described above. (S, K, TA.) b3: رَبَعَ said of a horse, He came fourth in the race. (T, M, L, all in art. ثلث.) A3: رُبِعَ, said of a man, also signifies He was hit, or hurt, in the أَرْبَاع, meaning regions, of his head. (TA.) A4: رَبَعَ المَطَرُ الأَرْضَ [The rain watered the earth and made it to produce herbage: see رَبِيعٌ]. (TA.) And رُبِعَتِ الأَرْضُ The land was watered by the rain in the season called رَبِيع. (S.) And رُبِعُوا They were rained upon by the rain of the season called رَبِيع; (K, * TA;) similar to قِيظُوا and صِيفُوا: (TA in art. قيظ:) and in like manner, رُبِعَتِ الإِبِلُ The camels were rained upon by that rain: and مَرْبَعٌ may be an inf. n. thereof. (Ham p. 425.) b2: Hence, i. e. from رَبَعَ المَطَرُالأَرْضَ, the phrase, رَبَعَ الفَرَسُ عَلَى قَوَائِمِهِ (assumed tropical:) The horse sweated in his legs. (TA.) b3: And [hence also,] رَبَعَهُ اللّٰهُ (tropical:) God restored him from a state of poverty to wealth or competence or sufficiency; recovered him from his embarassment or difficulty, or from a state of perdition or destruction. (TA.) A5: رَبَعَ الرَّبِيعُ, aor. ـَ inf. n. رُبُوعٌ, The [season called] ربيع commenced. (TA.) b2: رَبَعَ بِالمَكَانِ, (K, TA,) aor. ـَ inf. n. رَبْعٌ, (TA,) in its primary acceptation, signifies He remained, abode, or dwelt, in the place in the [season called]

رَبِيع; (TA;) as also بِهِ ↓ ارتبع. (S, K.) b3: and hence, (TA,) (tropical:) He remained, abode, or dwell, in the place, (K, TA,) in any circumstances, and at any time; (TA;) he took it as his home. (K.) b4: Also He alighted and abode wherever he would, in the place, in abundance of herbage, and pasturage. (K, * TA.) b5: رَبَعَتِ الإِبِلُ, (K,) aor. ـَ inf. n. رَبْعٌ, (TA,) The camels fed by themselves in the pasturage, and ate as they pleased, and drank. (K.) [Another meaning of this phrase has been mentioned before.] b6: رَبَعَ فِى المَآءَ He (a man, TA) acted according to his own opinion or judgment, or did what he judged fit, with respect to the water. (K.) b7: رَبَعَ, (K,) aor. ـَ inf. n. رَبْعٌ, (TA,) said of a man, also signifies He had, or obtained, abundance of herbage (K, TA) [arising] from the [season, or rain, called] رَبِيع. (TA.) b8: Also, [app. from رَبَعَ بِالمَكَانِ in the second of the senses explained above, and if so, tropical, or doubly tropical,] aor. َ0, (assumed tropical:) He (a man, ISk, S) paused, (ISk, S, K,) and acted, or behaved, with deliberation or in a leisurely manner, (K,) and withheld himself. (ISk, S, K.) And [hence,] رَبَعَ عَلَيْهِ, (K,) inf. n. رَبْعٌ, (TA,) (assumed tropical:) He was affectionate, or pitiful, or compassionate, towards him: (K:) or he acted gently towards him. (TA.) And رَبَعَ عَنْهُ (K,) inf. n. رَبْعٌ, (TA,) (assumed tropical:) He restrained himself, refrained, abstained, or desisted, from it. (K.) The phrases اِرْبَعْ عَلَى نَفْسِكَ and اربع على ظَلْعِكَ (S, K) and اربع عَلَيْكَ (K) are from رَبَعَ in the sense of “ he paused,” &c., (S, K,) as explained by ISk, (S,) [or in one of the senses following that,] meaning (assumed tropical:) Deal thou gently with thyself; moderate thyself; restrain thyself: (S, TA:) or behave thou with deliberation, or in a leisurely manner: or the second of these phrases may mean continue thou notwithstanding thy slight lameness: or it may be from رَبَعَ الحَجَرَ, [q. v. infrà,] meaning take thou it, or reach it, notwithstanding thy slight lameness. (TA.) The phrase اِرْبَعِى بِنَفْسِكِ, or عَلَى نَفْسِكِ, in the trad. of Subey'ah El-Aslameeyeh, accord. to two different relations, admits of two interpretations: one is, (assumed tropical:) Pause thou, and wait for the completion of the عِدَّة [q. v.] of decease; and this is accord. to the persuasion of those who say that her عدّة is the more remote of the two periods, which is the persuasion of 'Alee and I'Ab: the second is, from رَبَعَ الرّجُلُ signifying “ the man had, or obtained, abundance of herbage,” and the meaning is, (assumed tropical:) relieve thou thyself, and release thyself from the straitness of the عدّة, and the evil of thy condition; and this is accord. to the persuasion of those who hold that her عدّة is the nearer of the two periods; and hence 'Omar said, “If she bring forth when her husband is on his bier, meaning, not buried, it is allowable for her to marry. ” (TA.) It is also said, in another trad., لَا يَرْبَعُ عَلَى ظَلْعِكَ مَنْ لَا يُحْزِنُهُ أَمْرُكَ, i. e. (assumed tropical:) He will not restrain himself, and be patient with thee, whom thy case does not grieve. (TA.) And it is said in a prov., حَدِّثِ امْرَأَةً حَدِيثَيْنِ فَإِنْ أَبَتْ فَارْبَعْ, i. e. (assumed tropical:) Speak thou to a woman twice; and if she refuse, abstain thou: or, accord. to one relation, it is ↓ فَأَرْبِعْ: and accord. to another, فَارْبَعْهُ, i. e., then add; for she is very weak in understanding; if she understand not, then make thou the two speeches to be four: Aboo-Sa'eed says, فَإِنْ لَمْ تَفْهَمْ بَعْدَ الأَرْبَعَةِ فَالْمِرْبَعَة, i. e., [and if she understand not after the four, then] the stick [is to be used; or, then use thou the stick]: the prov. applies to the hearing and answering in an evil manner. (TA.) You say also, رَبَعَتْ عَلَى عَقْلِ فُلَانٍ وَكَسَرَ فِيهَا رِبَاعَهُ, inf. n. رِبَاعَةٌ, (tropical:) [app. She behaved in a gentle and coaxing manner so as to get the better of the reason, or understanding, of such a one, and he sold his houses one after another to expend upon her;] i. e., he expended upon her all that he possessed, so that he sold his dwellings. (TA. [The و before كسر is not in the TA; but as it seems to have been dropped by inadvertence, I have supplied it.]) A6: رَبَعَ الفَصِيلُ The young camel widened his stepping, and ran; as also ↓ ارتبع. (TA.) A7: رَبَعَ الحَجَرَ, (S, K,) aor. ـَ inf. n. رَبْعٌ; (TA;) and ↓ ارتبعهُ; (S;) He raised, or lifted, the stone, (S, K, TA,) with the hand; (K, TA;) or carried it; (TA;) for trial of strength. (K.) It is said in a trad., مَرَّ بِقَوْمٍ يَرْبَعُونَ حَجَرًا, [He passed by a company of men raising, &c., a stone]; and ↓ يَرْتَبِعُونَ [signifies the same]; (S;) and ↓ يَتَرَبَّعُونَ. (Z, TA.) b2: رَبَعَ الحِمْلَ, (S, K,) aor. ـَ inf. n. رَبْعٌ (TA,) He put the [staff, or small staff, called] مِرْبَعَة beneath the load, and took hold of one end of the former, while another took hold of the other end, and then raised it, (S, K,) with the help of his companion, (K,) upon the camel, (S,) or upon the beast. (K,) [See also 3.]

A8: رَبِعَ بِعَيْشِهِ He (a man) approved his life; was satisfied, or content, with it. (TA.) 2 ربّعهُ, inf. n. تَرْبِيعٌ, He made it four. (EshSheybánee, K voce وَحَّدَهُ.) b2: He made it (a thing) مُرَبَّع; (S, K;) i. e. he made it to have four portions [or sides or faces or angles &c.]: or he made it of the form of a thing having four legs; or of the form of a quadruped. (TA.) b3: فُلَانٌ يُثَلِّثُ وَلَا يُرَبَبّعُ Such a one counts three Khaleefehs, [namely, Aboo-Bekr and 'Omar and 'Othmán,] and [does not count a fourth, i. e.,] rejects [' Alee,] the fourth. (TA in art. ثلث.) b4: رَبَّعَتْ She brought forth her fourth offspring. (TA in art. بكر.) b5: ربّع لِامْرَأَتِهِ, or عِنْدَهَا, He remained four nights with his wife: and in like manner the verb is used in relation to any saying or action. (TA voce سَبَّعَ.) b6: تَرْبِيعٌ also signifies [The watering of seed-produce on the fourth day, counting the day of the next preceding watering as the first;] the watering of seed-produce that is [next] after the تَثْلِيث. (TA.) [You say, ربّع الزَّرْعَ He watered the seed-produce on the fourth day, &c.]3 عَامَلَهُ مُرَابَعَةً, (Ks, S, K,) or اِسْتَأْجَرَهُ مُرَابَعَةً, and رِبَاعاً, (K,) [He bargained with him for work, or he hired him, or took him as a hireling, by, or for, the season called رِبَيع,] is from الرَّبِيع, (K,) like مُشَاهَرَةً (Ks, S, K) from الشَّهْرُ, (K,) and مُصَايَفَةً (Ks, S, TA) from الصَّيْفُ, &c. (TA.) A2: مُرَابَعَةٌ also signifies The taking hold of the hand of another person beneath a load, and so raising it upon the camel, without a [staff, or small staff, such as is called] مِرْبَعَة. (S, * K, * TA.) You say, رَابَعَهُ He took hold of his hand &c. (IAar.) [See also 1; last signification but one.]4 اربع القَوْمُ The party of men (three in number, Msb) became four: (S, Msb, K: [but in the last of these, mentioned after another signification with which it is connected by the conjunction أَوْ “ or ”]) or, became forty. (TA.) A2: أَرْبَعَتْ عَلَيْهِ الحُمَّى, and أَرْبَعَتْهُ, and أُرْبِعَ, and أَرْبَعَ: see رَبَعَتْ عليه الحمّى, [which is from رَبَعَتِ الأِبِلُ,] in three places; and رُبِعَ, in two places. b2: أَغِبُّوا فِى عِيَادَةِ المَرِيضِ وَأَرْبِعُوا, occurring in a trad., [Come ye every third day, and every fourth day, counting the day of the next preceding visit as the first, in visiting the sick; or, which is the same, leave ye him one day, and] leave ye him two days, and come to him on the third day, in visiting the sick; unless he be overcome [by his sickness]: (S, TA:) this is [in like manner] from the water-ing of camels termed رِبْعٌ. (TA.) You say also, أَرْبَعَ المَرِيضَ He omitted visiting the sick man two days, and came to him on the third; (O, K;) or, as in the L, and in [some of] the copies of the S, on the fourth [if counting the day of the next preceding visit as the first]. (TA.) b3: [Hence also,] اربع عَلَيْهِ السَّائِلُ The asker, or beggar, asked, or begged, then went away, and then returned. (Ibn-' Abbád, Sgh, K. *) b4: And اربع بِالْمَرْأَةِ He returned to the مُجَامَعَة of the woman without langour: (L:) or اربع alone, said of a man, multum coïvit. (Ibn-' Abbád, K.) b5: and اربع الوِرْدُ, (O, K,) i. e. أَرْبَعَتِ الإِبِلُ بِالْوِرْدِ, (TA,) The camels quickly returned to watering, (O, * K, * TA,) so that they came to water without any appointed time: (TA:) mentioned by A 'Obeyd as written with the pointed غ, which is a mistranscription. (L, TA.) b6: And اربع said of the water of a well, It [returned quickly so that it] became abundant, or copious. (K.) b7: Said of a man, it also signifies ↓ وَرَدَتْ إِبِلُهُ رِبْغًا; (S;) [meaning] He was, or became, one whose camels came in the state in which they are termed رَوَابِع [i. e. being watered on the fourth day, counting the day of the next preceding watering as the first: from رَبَعَتِ الإِبِلُ: whence, likewise, what next follows]. (TA.) b8: اربع الإِبِلَ He watered the camels in the manner termed رِبْعًا [i. e. on the fourth day, counting the day of the next preceding watering as the first]. (TA.) b9: This last phrase, also, (K,) or اربع الإِبِلَ عَلَى المَآءِ, (As,) signifies He sent and left the camels to go to the water whenever they pleased. (As, K. *) [Another signification of the verb thus applied will be found below.]

A3: اربع, (inf. n. إِرْبَاعٌ, S, Msb) He (a sheep or goat, a bull, a solid-hoofed beast, and a camel,) became what is termed رَبَاعٍ: i. e., he shed the tooth called رَبَاعِيَة: (S, Msb, K:) it is when they do this that the camel and the horse begin to be strong. (TA.) A4: اربع القَوْمُ The people, or company of men, entered the [season called] رَبِيع: (S, K:) or [app. a mistake for “ and ”] it has the first of the significations mentioned in this paragraph. (K.) b2: And (so in the S, but in the K “ or ”) The people, or company of men, remained in the place where they had alighted and taken up their abode in the [season called] رَبِيع, abstaining from seeking after herbage; (S, K, TA;) the rain having been general, they remained where they were, because of the general fertility, not needing to remove for seeking after herbage. (TA.) [See also رَبَعَ بِالمَكَانِ.] b3: And The people, or company of men, came to, or arrived at, land of seed-produce and fruitfulness, and water. (TA.) b4: اربع الغَيْثُ The rain caused the [herbage called] رَبِيع to grow: (TA:) or the rain confined the people in their رِبَاع [or dwellings] by reason of its abundance. (Msb.) b5: اربعت الأَرْضُ The earth, or land, produced herbage. (Msb in art. جمد.) b6: اربع said of a man, (tropical:) He had offspring born to him in the prime of his manhood: (S, TA:) this being likened to the [season called] رَبِيع (TA.) b7: اربع إِبِلَهُ بِمَكَانِ كَذَا He pastured his camels in the [season called] رَبِيع in such a place. (S.) b8: اربعت النَّاقَةُ The she-camel's womb was, or became, closed, (اِسْتَغْلَقَتْ رَحِمُهَا,) so that it did not admit the seminal fluid; (Lth, K;) [perhaps because this commonly takes place in the season called رَبِيع, meaning either the spring or the season called رَبِيعُ الكَلَأِ; the usual season of the coupling of camels being winter;] as also ↓ ارتبعت. (TA.) A5: اربع لَهَا بِا لكَلَامِ He made an abominable request to her; mentioned in the T in art. عذم; (TA;) meaning سَأَلَهَا الوَطْءَ فِى الدُّبُرِ. (TA in art. عذم.) A6: See also a prov. mentioned in the latter part of the first paragraph.5 تربّع فِى جُلُوسِهِ (S, K) [He crossed his legs in his sitting; i. e. he sat cross-legged; because a person who does so puts himself in such a posture as to occupy nearly a square space;] contr. of جَثَا and أَقْعَى. (K.) A2: تربّع said of a camel, (S, K,) and of a horse, (TA,) He ate the [herbage called] رَبِيع (S, K, TA,) and in consequence became brisk, lively, or sprightly, (TA,) and fat; (K, TA;) and ↓ ارتبع signifies the same: (S, K:) or تربّعوا and ↓ ارتبعوا signify they lighted on, or found, [herbage called] رَبِيع: or they lighted on it, or found it, and remained among it: and تربّعت الإِبِلُ بِمَكَانِ كَذَا The camels remained, or abode, in such a place. (TA.) You say also, تَرَبَّعْنَا فِى الحَزْنِ وَالصَّمَّانِ We pastured upon the herbs, or leguminous plants, during the winter, upon the rugged ground and the hard and stony ground by the side of sand. (TA.) b2: تربّعت النَّخِيلُ The palm-trees had their fruit cut off; (TA, and in some copies of the K;) [because this is done in the autumn, which is called الرّبِيع.]

A3: See also 1, near the end of the paragraph. b2: [Hence,] تربّعت النَّاقَةُ سَنَامًا طَوِيلًا The she-camel carried a tall hump. (K.) 6 ترابعوا حَجَرًا [They vied, one with another, in lifting a stone, for trial of strength: see رَبَعَ الحَجَرَ]. (TA in art. جذو.) 8 ارتبع He (a. camel) beat [the ground] with all his legs, in going along; (S;) and went quickly. (TA.) b2: See also 1, near the end of the paragraph.

A2: He (a man) was of middling stature, neither tall nor short. (S.) A3: See also رَبَعَ بِالمَكَانِ: b2: and see 5, in two places: b3: and 4, near the end of the paragraph: A4: see also رَبَعَ الحَجَرَ, in two places, near the end of 1.

A5: ارتبع أَمْرَ القَوْمِ He looked for, expected, or awaited, his being made commander, or lord, over the people, or party of men. (TA.) 10 استربعهُ He had power, or ability, for it, to do it, or to bear or endure it: (IAar:) from رَبَعَ الحَجَرَ. (Az.) b2: [Hence also,] استربع said of a camel, He was, or became, strong, لِلسَّيْرِ for journeying. (ISk, K.) b3: It (sand) became heaped up. (Az, K.) b4: It (dust) rose; or rose high. (Az, K.) رَبْعٌ A place where people remain, abide, or dwell, in the [season called] رَبِيع; (K, TA;) as also ↓ مَرْبَعٌ, (S, Msb, K,) and ↓ مُرْتَبَعٌ: (K, TA:) this is the primary signification: (TA:) and hence, (TA,) (tropical:) a place of alighting or abode, (Sh, S, Msb, K, TA,) of a people, or company of men; (Msb;) a settled place of abode; a place of constant residence; a dwelling; a home; whenever and wherever it be; as also ↓ مَرْبَعٌ, and ↓ مُرْتَبَعٌ: (TA:) and (assumed tropical:) a house, wherever it be: (S, Mgh, K:) [in Egypt, a range of distinct lodgings over shops or magazines, separate from the shops or magazines, but generally having one common entrance and staircase:] pl. [of mult.] رِبَاعٌ and رُبُوعٌ (S, Mgh, Msb, K) and [of pauc.] أَرْبَاعٌ and أَرْبُعٌ: (S, Msb, K:) and the pl. of ↓ مَرْبَعٌ is مَرَابِعُ. (S.) You say, مَا أَوْسَعَ رَبْعَ بَنِى فُلَانٍ (tropical:) How ample, or spacious, is the place of alighting, or abode, of the sons of such a one! (S, TA.) b2: Hence, also, (tropical:) The people of a place of alighting or abode; (Sh, Msb, TA;) the people of a house or tent: (Aboo-Málik, TA:) a company of men or people: (K:) a large number: (IB:) pl. as above: (Msb:) رُبُوعٌ signifies the people of places of alighting or abode: (Sh:) and also tribes. (TA.) You say, أَكَثَرَ اللّٰهُ رَبْعَكَ (tropical:) May God multiply the people of thy house or tent. (TA.) And هُمُ اليَوْمَ رَبْعٌ (tropical:) They now, or to-day, [are a large number; or] have become many, and have increased. (TA.) b3: [Hence, also,] (assumed tropical:) A bier; or a bier with a corpse upon it; syn. نَعْشٌ. (K, TA: [in the CK نَفْس.]) So in the saying, حَمَلْتُ رَبْعَهُ (assumed tropical:) [I bore, or carried, his bier, or his bier with his corpse upon it]. (TA.) b4: (assumed tropical:) The extremity of a mountain. (TA.) [App. because travellers often stop and rest there.]

A2: Also i. q. ↓ رَبْعَةٌ, (L, Msb, K,) which signifies, (S, L, &c.,) as also ↓ رَبَعَةٌ, and ↓ مَرْبُوعٌ, (L, Msb, K,) or الخَلْقِ ↓ مَرْبُوعُ, (S, Mgh, L,) and ↓ مُرْتَبِعٌ, (S, L, K,) and ↓ مُرْتَبَعٌ, (L, K,) and ↓ مِرْبَاعٌ, (K, but this last [says SM] I have not seen in the lexicons, except applied by the author of the “ Mo-heet ” as an epithet to a rope, TA,) applied to a man, (S, L, &c.,) Of middling stature; (Msb;) neither tall nor short; (S, L;) between tall and short: (K:) and so, applied to a woman, ↓ رَبْعَةٌ (S, Mgh, L, Msb, K) and ↓ رَبَعَةٌ, (L, Msb,) though originally applied to a man, like خَمْسَةٌ &c.: (L:) the pl. of رَبْعٌ is رَبْعُونَ: (Fr:) and that of ↓ رَبْعَةٌ is رَبَعَاتٌ, applied to men and to women, (S, Mgh, L, K,) and رَبْعَاتٌ also; (IAar, Fr, L, K) the former of these two pls. being anomalous, because a word of the measure فَعْلَةٌ has not its medial radical movent when it is an epithet, but only when it is a subst. and has not و or ي for that radical; (S, O, K;) or the medial radical is movent in this instance because رَبْعَةٌ is originally a fem. subst. applied to a male and a female, and used as an epithet; (L;) or because it resembles a subst. in its being applied alike to a man and a woman. (Az.) رُبْعٌ (S, Mgh, Msb, K) and ↓ رُبُعٌ, (S, Msb, K,) the former a contraction of the latter, (Msb,) [which is the more chaste, but the former is the more common,] A fourth part; (S, Msb, K;) one of four parts; (Mgh;;) as also ↓ رَبِيعٌ, (Msb, K,) like عَشِيرٌ; (TA;) and ↓ مِرْبَاعٌ, like مِعْشَارٌ: (Ktr, and S:) or the last signifies, (Msb, K,) or signifies also, (S,) the fourth part of the spoil, which the chief used to take (S, Msb, K) in the Time of Ignorance: (K:) the pl. of رُبْعٌ and ↓ رُبُعٌ is أَرْبَاعٌ [a pl. of pauc.] (Msb, TA) and رُبُوعٌ [a pl. of mult]: (TA:) and that of ↓ رَبِيعٌ is رُبُعٌ (K.) b2: الرُّبْعُ الهَاشِمِىُّ The same as the صَاع; because the قَفِيز is twelve times what is termed مَنّ: but الرُّبْعُ الحَجَّاجِىُّ is the same as the مُدّ, which is a quarter of what is termed الصَّاعُ الحَجَّاجِىُّ. (Mgh.) [In Egypt, the رُبْع is the fourth part of a وُيْبَة, q. v.] b3: أَرْبَاعُ الرَّأْسِ The [four] regions of the head. (TA.) رِبْعٌ The ظِمْء [or interval between two water-ings, or keeping from water during that interval,] which is meant in the phrase رَبَعَتِ الإِبِلُ [q. v.]; (S;) a certain ظِمْء of camels, respecting which authors differ: (TA:) it is when camels are kept from the water three days [counting two portions of days as one of those days], or four days [counting two portions of days as two days (for the difference is only verbal)], and three [whole] nights, and come to the water on the fourth day [counting the day of the next preceding watering as the first]; (K;) or [in other words] their coming to the water one day, and leaving it two days, and then coming to it on the fourth day; or a period of three [whole] nights and four days [of which the first and last are incomplete]; as is indicated in the K: or, as some say, [but this at variance with common usage,] their being kept from the water four [nights (for the n. of number is here fem.)], and then coming to it on the fifth [day (for the n. of number is here masc.)]. (TA.) You say, وَرَدَتِ الإِبِلُ الرِّبْعَ: see رَبَعَتِ الإِبِلُ. (S, K.) And وَرَدَتْ إِبِلُهُ رِبْعًا: see 4. (S.) And أَوْرَدَ الإِبِلَ رِبْعًا i. q. أَرْبَعَ الإِبِلَ [q. v.]. (TA.) b2: [Also, for سَيْرُ رِبْعٍ, A journey in which the camels are watered only on the first and fourth days.] b3: [In like manner,] with respect to fever, it signifies The seizing on one day and leaving two days and then coming again on the fourth day [counting the day of the next preceding fit as the first]. (S, K.) [The fever is termed] حُمَّى الرِّبْعِ [The quartan fever;] the fever that occurs on one day and intermits two days and then comes again on the fourth, and so on. (Msb.) And you say, جَآءَتْهُ الحُمَّى رِبْعًا, i. q. رَبَعَتْ عَلَيْهِ الحُمَّى [q. v.]. (K.) b4: Also The fourth young one, or offspring. (A in art. ثلث.) رُبَعَ: see رُبَاعُ.

A2: رُبَعٌ A young camel brought forth in the [season called] رَبِيع [here meaning autumn], which is the beginning of the breedingtime: (S, Msb, K:) so called because he widens his stepping, and runs: [see 1, near the end of the paragraph:] (TA:) fem. with ة: pl. masc.

رِبَاعٌ [a pl. of mult.] and أَرْبَاعٌ [a pl. of pauc.]; (S, Msb, K;) both irreg.; for accord. to the rule given by Sb, the pl. should be رِبْعَانٌ [like صرْدَانٌ pl. of صَرَدٌ]: (TA:) pl. fem. رُبَعَاتٌ (S, Msb, K, TA [in the CK, erroneously, رَبْعاتٌ]) and رِبَاعٌ. (K.) Hence the saying, مَا لَهُ هُبَعٌ وَلَا رُبَعٌ He has not a young camel brought forth in the end of the breeding-time nor one brought forth in the beginning thereof. (S, TA.) [See another ex. voce بُلَعٌ.] b2: [Hence, also,] الرُّبَعِ (assumed tropical:) A very small star in the midst of the عَوَائِذ, which are in the head of التِّنِّين [or Draco]. (Kzw.) رُبُعٌ: see رُبْعٌ, in two places.

رَبْعَةٌ: see رَبْعٌ, last signification, in three places.

A2: [A small round basket, covered with leather, in which perfumes are kept by him who sells them;] the جُونَة of the عَطَّار; (S, Mgh, K;) which is a سُلَيْلَة covered with leather: (Mgh:) or a four-sided vessel, like the جُونَة: said by El-Isbahánee to be so called because originally having four طَاقَات [app. meaning compartments, one above another, for different kinds of perfume]; or because having four legs. (TA.) b2: Hence, app., A chest in which the volumes of a copy of the Kur-án are kept; (Sgh, K;) called رَبْعَةُ المُصْحَفِ: (Mgh:) but thus applied, it is post-classical, (Sgh, K,) belonging to the conventional language of the people of Baghdád. (Sgh.) b3: Its application to A household utensil proper for women requires consideration. (Mgh.) رِبعَةٌ The beasts' collecting of themselves together in the [season called] رَبِيع: [whence] a a country, or region, is said to be طَيِّبُ الرِّبْعَةِ [good for the beasts' collecting of themselves together &c.]. (TA.) b2: [Hence, app.,] تَرَكْنَاهُمْ عَلَى رِبْعَتِهِمْ We left them in their former, or first, or original, and right, or good, state, or condition. (TA.) ↓ رَبَاعَةٌ, also, and ↓ رِبَاعَةٌ, signify An affair, a business, or a concern, in which one continues occupied; or a case, a state, or a condition, in which one abides, or continues; (K, TA;) meaning a former, or first, affair, &c.; (TA;) and only relating to a good state or condition: (Yaakoob, K:) or one's way, course, mode, or manner, of acting, or conduct, or the like: (K:) or one's right, or good, state, or condition, (K, TA,) in which he has been before: (TA:) or his [tribe such as is termed] قَبِيلَة: or [the portion thereof which is termed] his فَخِذَ: (K:) or ↓ هُمْ عَلَى رِبَاعَتِهِمْ, (S, K,) and ↓ رَبَاعَتِهِمْ, and ↓ رَبَاعِهِمْ, and ↓ رَبَعَاتِهِمْ, and ↓ رَبِعَاتِهِمْ, and ↓ رِبَعَتِهِمْ, (K,) means They are in their right, or good, state, or condition: (K, TA:) or they are occupied in their affair, or business, or concern, in which they were occupied before; or they are in their case, or state, or condition, in which they were before: (S, K:) or ↓ على رَبَعَاتِهِمْ, (S, K,) and ↓ رَبِعَاتِهِمْ, (Fr, S, K,) signifies in their right, or good, state, or condition, and in their former, or first, case; or in their right, or good, state, or condition, and occupied in their former, or first, affair, or business, or concern: (S:) or it means in their places of abode. (Th, K.) Yousay also, غَيْرُ ↓ مَافِى بَنِى فُلَانٍ مَنْ يَضْبِطُ رِبَاعَتَهُ فُلَانٍ i. e. [There is not among the sons of such a one he who manages thoroughly, or soundly,] his case, or affair, or business, or concern, in which he is occupied [except such a one]. (S.) And [hence,] قَوْمِهِ ↓ هُوَ عَلَى رِبَاعَةِ and هُوَ ذُو رِبَاعَةِ قَوْمِهِ He is the chief of his people. (Ham p. 313.

[See also رِبَاعَةٌ below.]) رَبَعَةٌ A quick pace of a camel, in which he goes along beating the ground with his legs: (TA:) or the most vehement running: (K:) or the most vehement running of camels: (S and K:) or a kind of running of camels which is not vehement. (K.) A2: See also رَبْعٌ, last signification, in two places. b2: See also its pl., رَبَعَات, voce رِبْعَةٌ, in two places.

رَبِعَةٌ: see its pl., رَبِعَات, voce رِبْعَةٌ, in two places.

رِبَعَةٌ: see رِبْعَةٌ.

رِبْعِىٌّ Of, or relating to, the رَبِيع; (S, Msb, K;) i. e., the season so called; [and the rain, and the herbage, so called;] a rel. n. irregularly formed. (Msb.) b2: Born in the [season called]

رَبِيع; applied to a young camel: born in the beginning of the breeding-time; [which means the same;] so applied. (TA.) b3: And hence, (TA,) (tropical:) A son born in the prime [or spring-time] of his father's manhood; (S, * TA;) because the ربيع is the beginning, and the most approved part, of the breeding-time: (TA:) pl. رِبْعِيُّونَ. (S, TA.) Saad Ibn-Málik says, (TA,) إِنَّ بَنِىَّ صِبْيَةٌ صَيْفِيُّونْ أَفْلَحَ مَنْ كَانَ لَهُ رِبْعِيُّونْ [Verily my sons are boys born in the summer of my age: happy is he who has sons born in the spring-time of his manhood.] (S, TA.) b4: A palm-tree (سِبْطٌ, i. e. نَخْلَةٌ,) of which the fruit ripens in the end of the summer, or hot season; AHn says, because then is the time of the [rain called] وَسْمِىّ. (TA.) b5: The Arabs say, صَرَفَانَةٌ رِبْعِيَّهْ تُصْرَمُ بِالصَّيْفِ وَتُؤْكَلُ بِالشَّتِيَّةْ [A hard kind of date that would ripen in the season called رَبِيع (meaning autumn) that is cut in the summer and eaten in the winter-season]. (TA.) b6: نَاقَةٌ رِبْعِيَّةٌ A she-camel that brings forth [in the season called رَبِيع,] before others. (TA.) b7: رِبْعِيَّةٌ [used as a subst., or as an epithet in which the quality of a subst. is predominant, for مِيرَةٌ رِبْعِيَّةٌ,] signifies The مِيرَة [or corn brought for provision, or the bringing thereof,] in the beginning of winter: (S, K:) or the مِيرَة of the [season called] رَبِيع; which is the first ميرة; next after. which is the صَيْفِيَّة; and next after this, the دَفَئِيَّة; and next after this, the رَمَضِيَّة. (TA.) [See art. مير.] b8: Also, the same, [used in like manner, for عِيرٌ رِبْعِيَّةٌ,] Camels that bring provision of corn in the [season called] رَبِيع; or, which means the same, in the beginning of the year: pl. رَبَاعِىُّ. (TA.) b9: And [used in the same manner, for غَزْوَةٌ رِبْعِيَّةٌ,] A warring, or warring and plundering, expedition in the [season called] رَبِيع. (TA.) b10: رِبْعِىٌّ also signifies (tropical:) The first, or beginning, or former part, of anything; for instance, of youthfulness, or the prime of manhood; and of glory: and رِبْعِيَّةٌ likewise, the beginning of breeding, and of summer. (TA.) b11: رِبْعِىُّ الطِّعَانِ (assumed tropical:) The sharpest kind of thrusting, or piercing. (Th, TA.) رِبْعِيَّةٌ fem. of رِبْعِىٌّ: [and also used as a subst., or as an epithet in which the quality of a subst. predominates: see the latter word, in several places.]

رَبَاعٌ: see an ex. in the phrase هُمْ عَلَى رَبَاعِهِمْ, voce رِبْعَةٌ.

A2: رَبَاعٍ, (S, Msb, K,) like ثَمَانٍ (S, K) and يَمَانٍ [in the CK ثَمَانٌ and ثَمَانٍ] and شَنَاحٍ and [pls. like] جَوَارٍ, which are the only words of this form, (K,) and رَبَاعٌ, (Kr, K,) accus. of the former رَبَاعِيًا, (S, Msb, K,) and fem. رَبَاعِيَةٌ, (S, K,) Shedding its tooth called the رَبَاعِيَة, q. v.; applied to the sheep or goat in the fourth year, and to the bull and cow and the solid-hoofed animal in the fifth year, and to the camel in the seventh year: (S, Msb, K:) [see 4:] pl. [of pauc.] أَرْبَاعٌ (Az, K) and [of mult.] رُبُعٌ (Az, S, Msb, K) and رُبْعٌ, (Th, Az, K,) but the former is the more common, (Az,) and رُبَعٌ (IAar, K) and رِبْعَانٌ (S, Msb, K) and رِبَاعٌ and رَبَاعِيَاتٌ. (K.) You say, رَكِبْتُ بِرْذَوْنًا رَبَاعِيًا [I rode a hackney shedding his رَبَاعِيَة, or in his fifth year]. (S, Msb, K.) b2: Hence, حَرْبٌ رَبَاعِيَةٌ (assumed tropical:) Vehement and youthful war. (TA.) رُبَاعُ [Four and four: four and four together: or four at a time and four at a time:] is a deviation from the original form, (S, K,) or أَرْبَعَةٌ أَرْبَعَةٌ; for which reason, [and, accord. to general opinion, because it is at the same time an epithet, (see ثُلَاثُ,)] it is imperfectly decl.: (K:) but the dim. is ↓ رُبَيِّعٌ, perfectly decl. (S voce ثُلَاثُ, q. v.) [See exs. voce ثُلَاثُ.] In the Kur iv. 3, El-Aamash read ↓ وَرُبَعَ instead of وَرُبَاعَ. (IJ, K.) رَبُوعٌ A she-camel that yields four أَقْدَاح [pl. of قَدَحٌ] of milk. (IAar.) A2: See also الأَرْبِعَآءُ.

رَبِيعٌ: see رُبْعٌ, in two places.

A2: It has also a twofold application; to months and to seasons: and it has a twofold application to months; denoting Two months, (S, Msb, K,) [next] after صَفَرٌ; (S, K;) and they say, (Msb,) one should only say, in speaking of them, شَهْرُ رَبِيعٍ الأَوَّلُ and شَهْرُ رَبِيعٍ الآخِرٌ; (S, Msb, K;) [but in the margin of the copy of the S which I have here followed, I find it stated that in the handwriting of the author the former is شهر ربيعِ الاول (with a single kesreh, and with no syll. sign to الاول); and in another copy of the S I find شهرُ ربيع الاولِ and شَهرُ رَبيع الآخِر;] with the addition of شهر: but it is allowable to say also شَهْرُ رَبِيعِ الأَوَّلِ and شَهْرُ رَبِيعِ الآخِرِ: the word شهر is necessarily added in order to discriminate between the months thus called and the season called ربيع: Az says, the Arabs mention all the months without the word شهر except the two months of ربيع and the month of رَمَضَان: and they say also شَهْرَا رَبِيعٍ and أَشْهُرُ رَبِيعٍ and شُهُورُ رَبِيعٍ: (Msb:) these months were thus called because, when they received this name, they occurred in the season when the earth produced herbage. (Msb in art. جمد.) It has a twofold application also to seasons; الرَّبِيعُ الأَوَّلُ being The season in which the truffles and the blossoms come, (S, Msb, K,) and this is [also called] رَبِيعُ الكَلَأِ [the rabeea of the herbage, properly called the spring of Arabia]; (S;) and الرَّبِيعُ الثَّانِى The season in which fruits ripen; (S, Msb, K;) [also called رَبِيعُ الثِّمَارِ;] but some people call this الرَّبِيعُ الأَوَّلُ; (S, TA;) and the season which follows the winter, and in which the truffles and the blossoms come, they call الرَّبِيعُ الثَّانِى; but all of them agree that the خَرِيف [or autumn] is called الرَّبِيعُ: AHn says, the two divisions of the winter [by which he means the half-year commencing at the autumnal equinox] are called رَبِيعَانِ; the former being رَبِيعُ المَآءِ وَالأَمْطَار ِ [the rabeea of the water and the rains, in which the rain called الوَسْمِىّ, which is termed the first of the rains, commences]; and the second being رَبِيعُ النَّبَاتِ [or رَبِيعُ الكَلَأِ the rabeea of the herbage], because the herbage therein attains to its last stage: and he adds, that رَبِيعٌ is applied by the Arabs to the whole winter, [meaning, again, the half-year commencing at the autumnal equinox,] because of the moisture, or rain: (TA:) or the year consists of six seasons; (so in the K; but in the S, “and I heard Abu-l-Ghowth say, the Arabs make the year to be six seasons; ”) two months thereof are called الرَّبِيعُ الأَوَّلُ; and two months, صَيْفٌ; and two months, قَيْظٌ; (S, K;) and two months, ربيع الثانى, (so in a copy of the S,) or رَبِيعٌ الثّانى, (so in another copy of the S, [but in the margin of this latter, I find it stated that in the handwriting of the author it is ربيعُ الثانى, without tenween,]) or الرَّبِيعُ الثَّانِى; (K;) and two months, خَرِيفٌ; and two months, شِتَآءٌ. (S, K.) Az relates, with respect to the seasons and divisions of the year, on the authority of Aboo-Yahyà Ibn-Kibáseh, who possessed very great knowledge thereof, that the year consists of four seasons; namely, الرَّبِيعُ الأَوَّلُ, which the vulgar call الخَرِيفُ [The autumn]; then الشِّتَآءُ [the winter]; then الصَّيْفُ, which is الرَّبِيعُ الآخِرُ [or الثَّانِى, i. e. the spring]; then القَيْظُ [the summer, or hot season]: all this is what the Arabs in the desert say: the ربيع which is with the Persians the خريف, he says, commences on the third of أَيْلُول [September O. S.]; and the شِتَآء, on the third of كَانُون الأَوَّل [December O. S.]; and the صيف which is with the Persians the ربيع. on the fifth of آذَار [March O. S.]; and the قيظ which is with the Persians the صيف, on the fourth of حَزِيرَان [June O. S.]: and Aboo-Yahyà adds, the ربيع of the people of El-' Irák agrees with the ربيع of the Persians, which is after the شتاء [or winter], and which is the season of the flowers, or roses, and is the most temperate of the seasons: the people of El-' Irák, he says, have rain in all the winter, and have abundance of herbage in the خريف, which the Arabs call الربيع الاوّل: and Az says, the quarter of the خريف is called خريف because the fruits are gathered therein; and the Arabs call it ربيع because the first rain [which is called الوَسْمِىّ] falls therein. (TA.) The pl. of ربيع is أَرْبِعَةٌ [a pl. of pauc.] and أَرْبِعَآءُ [a pl. of mult.] (S, Msb, K) and رِبَاعٌ; (AHn, K;) or the first of these is pl. of ربيع الكلأ (Fr, Yaakoob, S, Msb, K) and of the ربيع of the months; (Fr, Msb;) but the second is pl. of ربيع in the sense of جَدْوَلٌ, to be explained below. (Fr, Yaakoob, S, Msb, K.) Hence the phrase in a supplication, mentioned in a trad., اَللّٰهُمَّ اجْعَلِ القُرْآنَ رَبِيعَ قَلْبِى [O God, make Thou the Kur-án to be the life, or ease, of my heart]; because the heart of man becomes lively, or at ease, in the season called رَبِيع. (TA.) Hence also, (TA,) أَبُو الرَّبِيعِ The هُدْهُد [or hoopoe]; (K;) because it appears with the [season called] ربيع. (TA.) [See also, respecting the seasons &c., the word زَمَنٌ.] b2: Also The rain in the [season called] رَبيع [as meaning the half-year commencing at the autumnal equinox, (which includes what is really the spring of Arabia, called “ the rabeea of the herbage,”) accord. to a statement of AHn cited above, and accord. to what is stated on the authority of Az voce نَوْءٌ]: (S, K:) or [only, accord. to some,] the rain which is after the وَسْمِىّ, and after which is [that called] the صَيْف, and then the حَمِيم: or, accord. to AHn, rain whenever it comes: Az says, I have heard the Arabs call thus the first rain falling upon the earth in the days of the خَرِيف [or autumn]: (TA:) the pl. [of pauc.] is أَرْبِعَةٌ and [of mult.] رِبَاعٌ. (AHn, TA.) [See also, respecting the rains, the word زَمَنٌ.] b3: Also Herbage; green herbage which the beasts eat; (TA;) [properly] the herbage that is produced by the first rain in the quarter which is called the رَبِيع, and which is commonly called the خَرِيف [or autumn], (Msb in art. زمن,) [continuing its growth during the winter-quarter, which is also called the رَبِيع, and which includes, as stated above, what is really the spring of Arabia, called “ the rabeea of the herbage,” wherein, as AHn says, the herbage attains to its last stage: it seems generally to mean the spring-herbage, which is earlier or later in different latitudes:] pl. أَرِْبعَةٌ. (TA.) [Hence,] a poet says, يَدَاكَ يَدٌ رَبِيعُ النَّاسِ فِيهَا وَفِى الأُخْرَى الشُّهُورُ مِنَ الحَرَامِ meaning (assumed tropical:) [Thy two hands are such that] one hand has in it the means of the plentiful subsistence of mankind, [and in the other are the sacred months, i. e.] in the other is [that which causes] security, and safeguard, and the preservation of what is to be regarded as sacred and inviolable. (TA.) [Compare Proverbs iii. 16.] b4: Also (assumed tropical:) A rivulet, or streamlet; (Msb, K;) i. q. جَدْوَلٌ: (S, Msb, K:) or i. q. نَهْرٌ: (Mgh:) or نَهْرٌ صَغِيرٌ: (Har p. 402:) (tropical:) a rivulet, or streamlet, that runs to palmtrees: and رَبِيعُ السَّاقِى, a subst prefixed to its epithet, occurring in a trad., (assumed tropical:) the river [or rivulet] that waters seed-produce: (TA:) pl. أَرْبِعَآءُ (Fr, Yaakoob, S, Msb, K) and رِبْعَانٌ. (TA.) A poet says, describing one drinking much, فُوهُ رَبِيعٌ وَكَفُّهُ قَدَحٌ (assumed tropical:) His mouth is a river [and his hand is a bowl]. (TA.) b5: Also A share, or portion, of water for [irrigating] land, (IDrd, K, TA,) whatever it be: or, as some say, a share, or portion, thereof for the quarter of a day or night; but this is not of valid authority. (TA.) You say, لِفُلَانٍ مِنْ هٰذَا المَآءِ رَبِيعٌ, (K, TA,) or, as in some copies of the K, فِى, instead of مِنْ, i. e. To such a one belongs a share, or portion, of this water [for irrigating land]. (TA.) b6: The dim. of رَبِيعٌ is ↓ رُبَيِّعٌ. (Msb.) رُبَيِّعٌ: see رُبَاعٌ: A2: and see also رَبِيعٌ, last sentence.

رَبَاعَةٌ: see رِبْعَةٌ, in two places.

رِبَاعَةٌ: see رِبْعَةٌ, in four places. b2: It also signifies A kind of حَمَالَة [meaning obligation, or responsibility, that must be discharged, or performed, taken upon himself by a person for others; and here, particularly, such as is taken upon himself by the head, or chief, of a people]. (S, K.) You say, هُوَ عَلَى رِبَاعَةِ قَوْمِهِ, [properly He is over the affairs of his people, as indicated above, voce رِبْعَةٌ, last sentence,] meaning He is the head, or chief, of his people. (TA.) Abu-l- Kásim El-Isbahánee says, رِبَاعَةٌ is metaphorically used to signify (tropical:) The being a head, or chief; or the office of head, or chief; in consideration of the taking of the مِرْبَاع [or fourth part of the spoil, which was the share of the chief]: and hence one says, لَايُقِيمُ رِبَاعَةَ القَوْمِ غَيْرُ فُلَانٍ (tropical:) [None will act vigorously in the office of head, or chief, of the people, except such a one]. (TA.) رَبِيعَةٌ A stone that is raised, or lifted, (S, K, TA,) for trial of strength: (K, TA:) applied only to a stone. (Az, TA.) A2: A helmet of iron. (Lth, S, K.) A3: A meadow; or a garden; syn. رَوْضَةٌ. (IAar, K.) A4: A [leathern water-bag, such as is called] مَزَادَة. (K.) b2: A kind of receptacle for perfume and the like; syn. عَتِيدَةٌ, q. v. (K.) رُبَاعِىٌّ A boy four spans (أَشْبَار) in height. (S and Msb voce خُمَاسِىٌّ, q. v.) It is also applied to a camel, like سُبَاعِىٌّ; [app. meaning Four cubits in height:] fem. with ة. (TA in art. سبع.) b2: [Also A word composed of four letters, radical only, or radical and augmentative.]

رَبَاعِيَةٌ The tooth that is between the ثَنِيَّة [or central incisor] and the نَاب; (S, Msb, K;) i. e. each of the four teeth which are next to the ثَنَايَا, (Mgh, * TA,) pertaining to man and to others: (TA:) pl. رَبَاعِيَاتٌ: (S, Mgh, Msb, K:) a man has, above, [two teeth called] ثَنِيَّتَانِ, and [two called] رَبَاعِيَتَانِ, after them, and [two called]

نَابَانِ, and [two called] ضَاحِكَانِ, and six أَرْحَآء, on each side [three], and [two teeth called]

نَاجِذَانِ; and the like below: (As, TA:) and the solid-hoofed animal has, after the ثَنَايَا, four رَبَاعِيَات, and four قَوَارِح, and four أَنْيَاب, and eight أَضْرَاس. (Az, TA.) A2: Also fem. of رَبَاعٍ [q. v.]. (S, K.) رَبَّاعٌ One who often buys, or sells, رِبَاع, meaning houses, or places of abode. (IAar, K.) رَابِعٌ [act. part. n. of رَبَعَ]. b2: The chief who used to take the fourth part of the spoil, in the Time of Ignorance. (Ham p. 336.) b3: هُوَ رَابِعُ أَرْبَعَةٍ He is [the fourth of four, or] one of four. (TA.) b4: [رَابِعَ عَشَرَ and رَابِعَةَ عَشْرَةَ, the former masc. and the latter fem., meaning Fourteenth, are subject to the same rules as ثَالِثَ عَشَرَ and its fem., expl. in art. ثلث, q. v.] b5: إِبِلٌ رَوَابِعُ [Camels coming to water, or being watered, on the fourth day, counting the day of the next preceding watering as the first: pl. of رَابِعَةٌ]: from رَبَعَتِ الإِبِلُ, meaning وَرَدَتِ الرِّبْعَ. (S, K.) In like manner, also, رَوَابعُ is applied, metaphorically, to birds of the kind called قَطًا, as an epithet denoting their coming to water, by El-'Ajjáj. (TA.) A2: رَبِيعٌ رَابِعٌ A fruitful, or plentiful, ربيع [meaning the season so called]. (ISk, K.) b2: One does not say يَوْمٌ رَابِعٌ like as one says يَوْمٌ قَائِظٌ &c., because there is no corresponding verb, like قَاظَ, &c., for such a verb would have no meaning of heat nor of cold. (IB.) A3: هُوَ رَابِعٌ عَلَى حَالِهِ He is abiding, or continuing, in his state, or condition. (TA.) أَرْبَعٌ: see أَرْبَعَةٌ.

A2: هِىَ أَرْبَعُهُنَّ لَقَاحًا She is the quickest of them in conceiving, or becoming pregnant. (Th.) أَرْبَعَةٌ [Four;] a masc. n. of number; fem.

↓ أَرْبَعٌ. (S, K.) [Respecting a peculiar pronunciation of the people of El-Hijáz, and a case in which اربعة is imperfectly decl., see ثَلَاثَةٌ. See also سِتَّةٌ.] b2: ذَوَاتُ الأَرْبَعِ The quadrupeds. (The Lexicons passim.) b3: جَآءَتْ عَيْنَاهُ بِأَرْبَعَةٍ (tropical:) His two eyes shed tears running from their four sides: or it means, accord. to Z, he came weeping most vehemently. (TA.) [See another ex. voce ثَمَانِيَةٌ.] b4: أَرْبَعَةَ عَشَرَ [indecl. in every case, meaning Fourteen,] is pronounced by some of the Arabs أَرْبَعَةَ عْشَرَ: and [the fem.] أَرْبَعَ عَشْرَةَ, thus in the dial. of El-Hijáz [and of most of the Arabs], is pronounced أَرْبَعَ عَشِرَةَ in the dial. of Nejd. (S in art. عشر.) الأَرْبِعَآءُ, [also written without tenween when not rendered determinate by the article or otherwise accord. to most authorities, who make it fem., but with tenween when indeterminate accord. to those who make it masc.,] and الأَرْبَعَآءُ, (As, S, Msb, K,) the latter on the authority of some of the BenooAsad, (S, Msb,) and الأَرْبُعَآءُ, (As, Msb, K,) which is a form of the word seldom used, (Msb,) and الإِرْبِعَآءُ, and الإِرْبَعَآءُ, the last two mentioned by IHsh, the first of all the most chaste, (MF,) but it is the only sing. word of its measure, (El-Kutabee, Msb,) except أَرْمِدَآءُ, (Az, O,) the name of A certain day; (S, Msb, K;) [namely Wednesday;] the fourth day of the week; (L;) as also ↓ الرَّبُوعُ; but this is post-classical: (TA:) the dual of أَرْبِعَآء is أَرْبِعَاوَانِ; (L;) and the pl. is أَرْبِعَاوَاتٌ, (S, L,) [accord. to those who make the sing. fem.;] or the dual is أَرْبِعَآءَانِ, and the pl. is أَرْبِعَآءَاتٌ; (K;) thus says Aboo-Jukhádib, regarding the noun as masc.: (Fr:) Aboo-Ziyád used to say, مَضَى الأَرْبِعَآءُ بِمَا فِيهِ [Wednesday passed with what (occurred) in it], making it sing. and masc. [because he meant thereby يَوْمُ الأَرْبِعَآءُ]; but Abu-l-Jarráh used to say, مَضَتِ الأَرْبِعَآءُ بِمَا فِيهِنَّ, making it fem. and pl., and employing it like a n. of number: (Lh:) Th is related to have mentioned أَرَابِيعُ as a pl. of الأَرْبِعَآءُ; but ISd says, I am not sure of this. (TA.) The word has no dim. (Sb, S in art. امس.) أَرْبَعُونَ [Forty;] a certain number, (TA,) after ثَلَاثُونَ. (S, K.) b2: [Also Fortieth.]

أَرْبِعَاوِىٌّ One who fasts alone on the أَرْبِعَآء [or Wednesday]. (IAar.) مَرْبَعٌ; see رَبْعٌ in three places.

مُرْبَعٌ, applied to a camel, [That is watered on the fourth day, counting the day of the next preceding watering as the first: (see 4:) and] that is brought to the water at any time. (TA.) b2: See also مَرْبُوعٌ.

مُرْبِعٌ: b2: see مَرْبُوعٌ.

A2: Applied to rain, (S, Msb, TA,) That comes in the [season called]

رَبِيع: [in the Ham p. 425, written مَرْبَع:] or that induces the people to remain in their abodes and not to seek after herbage: (TA:) or that confines the people in their رِبَاع [or dwellings] by reason of its abundance: (Msb:) or that causes the [herbage called] رَبِيع to grow: (TA:) or that causes the growth of that in which the camels may pasture at pleasure. (S.) b2: With ة, applied to land (أَرْضٌ), Abounding with [the herbage called]

رَبِيع; as also ↓ مِرْبَاعٌ. (TA.) b3: Without ة, applied to a she-camel, (As, S, K,) That brings forth in the [season called] رَبِيع: (S, K:) or that has her young one with her; (As, S, K;) the young one being called رُبَعٌ: (As, S:) as also ↓ مِرْبَاعٌ: (As, TA:) or the latter signifies one that usually brings forth in the [season called]

رَبِيع: (S, K:) or that brings forth in the beginning of the breeding-time: (As, S, K:) or that is early, or before others, in becoming pregnant: (TA:) and the former, so applied, signifies also one whose womb is, or becomes, closed, [app. in the season called رَبِيع, (see 4,)] so that it does not admit the seminal fluid. (TA.) b4: Applied to a man, (tropical:) Having offspring born to him in the prime of his manhood. (TA.) [See 4]

A3: Also The sail of a full ship: (AA, K:) that of an empty ship is called رُومِىٌّ. (AA, TA.) مِرْبَعٌ: see مِرْبَعَةٌ.

مُرَبَّعٌ (S, K,) Having four portions [or sides or faces or angles &c.; generally meaning either square or quadrilateral]: or of the form of a thing having four legs; or of the form of a quadruped. (TA.) [See also مُثَلَّثٌ.] b2: مُرَبَّعُ الحَاجِبَيْنِ (assumed tropical:) A man whose eyebrows have much hair; as though he had four eyebrows. (TA.) b3: مُرَبَّعٌ الجَبْهَةِ [Having a square forehead; meaning] (tropical:) a slave. (TA.) أَرْضٌ مَرْبَعَةٌ A land containing, or having, يَرَابِيع [or jerboas]; (S, K;) as also ↓ أَرْضٌ مُرْتَبِعٌ. (TA.) مِرْبَعَةٌ A staff, (K,) or small staff, (S,) of which two men take hold of the two ends in order to raise a load (S, K) and put it upon the back of the camel, (S,) or upon the beast; (K;) as also ↓ مِرْبَعٌ: (K:) which latter is also expl. as signifying a piece of wood with which a thing is taken. (TA.) [See 1, last signification but one.]

مِرْبَاعٌ: see رُبْعٌ: A2: and مَرْبُوعٌ: A3: and رَبْعٌ.

A4: Rain that comes in the beginning of the [season called] رَبِيع: [an epithet used in this sense as a subst.:] pl. مَرَابِيعُ. (S, * K, * TA, * [in which only the pl. is mentioned,] and EM p. 140.) Hence, مَرَابِيعُ النُّجُومِ, as used in a verse of Lebeed cited in the first paragraph of art. رزق; by the نُجُوم being meant the أَنْوَآء; (S;) i. e. the Mansions of the Moon [which by their rising or setting at dawn were supposed to bring rain or wind or heat or cold]. (EM ubi suprà.) b2: Applied to a place, That produces herbage in the beginning of the [season called] رَبِيع. (K, TA.) b3: Applied to land (أَرْضٌ): see مُرْبِعٌ. b4: Applied to a she-camel: see مُرْبِعٌ.

مَرْبُوعٌ Twisted of four twists, or strands; (S, TA;) applied to a rope, (TA,) as also ↓ مِرْبَاعٌ, (Ibn-' Abbád, TA,) and to a bow-string, and a bridle. (S, TA.) b2: Applied to a spear, Four cubits in length: (TA:) or neither long nor short; (S, TA;) and in like manner applied to a man: see رَبْعٌ, in two places: (S, Mgh, L, &c.:) and [hence its pl.] مَرَابِيعُ, applied to horses, compact in make. (TA.) A2: Also, applied to a man, Having a fever which seizes him on one day and leaves him two days and then comes again on the fourth day [counting the day of the next preceding fit as the first; i. e. having, or seized by, a quartan fever]; as also ↓ مُرْبَعٌ; (S, K;) and ↓ مُرْبِعٌ is said to be used in the same sense; but the Arabs say مُرْبَعٌ. (Az, TA.) A3: أَرْضٌ مَرْبُوعَةً, and شَجَرٌ مَرْبُوعٌ, Land, and trees, watered by the rain in the season called رَبِيع. (S, TA.) b2: [Hence,] مَرْبُوعٌ, applied to a man, also signifies (tropical:) Restored from a state of poverty to wealth or competence or sufficiency; recovered from his embarassment or difficulty, or from a state of perdition or destruction. (TA.) مَرَابِيعُ, pl. of مَرْبُوعٌ [q. v.]: A2: and pl. of مِرْبَاعٌ [q. v.].

مُرْتَبَعٌ: see رَبْعٌ, in three places.

مُرْتَبِعٌ, applied to a beast, That has pastured upon the [herbage called] رَبِيع, and become fat, and brisk, lively, or sprightly. (TA.) A2: See also رَبْعٌ: A3: and see أَرْضٌ مَرْبَعَةٌ.

جَلَسَ مُتَرَبِّعًا He sat cross-legged; i. q. تَرَبَّعَ فِى

جُلُوسِهِ. (TA.) مُسْتَرْبِعٌ شَيْئًا Having power, or ability, for, or to do, a thing; as, for instance, war, or battle; (IAar;) or to bear, or endure, a thing; (IAar, Sgh;) as when relating to an envier, meaning his envy. (Sgh.) You say also رَجُلٌ مُسْتَرْبِعٌ بِعَمَلِهِ A man who is able by himself to execute his work, having power, or strength, to do it, and very patient. (K.) يَرْبُوعٌ, in which the ى is augmentative, (Kr, S, Msb,) because there is not in the language of the Arabs any word of the measure فَعْلُولٌ, (Kr, S,) except what is extr., such as صَعْفُوقٌ, (K,) which is a foreign word [introduced into their language], (S in art. صعفق,) [The jerboa;] a certain wellknown beast; (K;) a small beast like the فَأْرَة [or rat], but longer in the tail and ears, and of which the hind legs are longer than the fore-legs, the reverse of what is the case in the زَرَافَة [or giraffe]; called by the vulgar جَرْبُوع; (Msb;) a rat (فَأْرَة) of which the burrow has four entrances; Az says, it is a small beast larger than the جُرَذ, [q. v.; but in the L, in art. جرذ, the reverse of this is said;] and the name is applied alike to the male and the female: (TA:) [Forskål (“ Descr. Animalium,”

p. iv.,) terms it mus jaculus: see the questions appended to Niebuhr's “ Descr. de l' Arabie,” p.

177:] pl. يَرَابِيعُ. (S, Msb.) [See ذُو الرُّمَيْحِ, voce رُمْحٌ.] b2: Hence, (TA,) اليَرْبُوعُ also signifies لَحْمَةُ المَتْنِ (tropical:) [The portion of flesh and sinew next the back-bone, on either side]; (S * K;) as being likened to the فأَرة [thus called]: (TA:) or this is with damm [اليُرْبُوعُ]: (K:) or the يَرَابِيعُ of the مَتْن are its portions of flesh; (T, S, K;) and the word has no sing.: (K:) Az says, I have not heard any sing. thereof. (TA.) الجَارُ اليَرْبُوعِىُّ The neighbour that is variable in his actions [like the jerboa, which is noted for having recourse to various expedients, in the formation of its burrow, &c., to avoid capture]; like الجَارُ البَرَاقِشِىُّ. (IAar, TA in art. جور.)

سفع

1 سَفَعَتْهُ السَّمُومُ, (S,) or سَفَعَ السَّمُومُ وَجْهَهُ, (K,) and النَّارُ, (S,) and الشَّمْسُ, (TA,) aor. ـَ (K,) inf. n. سَفْعٌ, (TK,) The hot wind, (S, K,) and the fire, (S,) and the sun, (TA,) smote, or burned, (S, K,) him, (S,) or his face, (K,) slightly, (S, K,) so that it altered the colour of the external skin, (S,) and, as some add, blackened it; (TA;) as also ↓ سفّعهُ, (K,) inf. n. تَسْفِيعٌ. (TA.) [It is app. from سُفْعَةٌ signifying “ blackness tinged with redness. ”] b2: [And hence,] سَفَعَهُ, aor. as above, (K,) and so the inf. n., (TA,) He made a mark upon it: and he made a mark upon it with a hot iron, or with fire. (K, * TA.) b3: Also, aor. as above, (L, K,) and so the inf. n., (L,) (assumed tropical:) He slapped (L, K) it, a man's face, (L,) or him, a man, (K,) with his hand. (L.) And (assumed tropical:) He struck it (a man's neck) with his expanded hand: in which sense it is also written with ص. (TA.) And (assumed tropical:) He struck him, or beat him, (K,) with a staff, or stick. (TA.) And (assumed tropical:) He (a bird) slapped it, (S, [in which only the inf. n. is mentioned,] and K,) namely, the object struck by him, (K,) with his wing, (S,) or with his wings. (K: and so [as is implied in the TA] in some copies of the S.) b4: سَفَعَ بِنَاصِيَتهِ, (Lth, S, K,) aor. and inf. n. as above, (TA,) He laid hold upon, or seized, (Lth, S, K,) and dragged, (Lth, K,) his ناصية, (Lth, S, K,) i. e. the fore part of his head (TA) [or his forelock or the hair over his forehead]: or سَفْعٌ signifies the laying hold upon, or seizing, the سُفْعَة of the head, i. e. the black part of its ناصية. (ElMufradát, TA.) You say, سَفَعَ بِنَاصِيَةِ الفَرَسِ لِيَرْكَبَهُ [He laid hold upon, or seized, the forelock of the horse, to mount him]. (TA.) And سَفَعَ بِرِجْلِهِ He laid hold upon, or seized, and dragged, his foot. (TA.) And سَفَعَ بِيَدِهِ He laid hold upon his hand: (IAar:) or he laid hold upon his hand and raised him: often used in this sense by 'Obeyd-Allah Ibn-Al-Hasan, Kádee of El-Bas- rah. (Sgh.) It is said in the Kur [xcvi. 15], لَنَسْفَعًا بِالنَّاصِيَةِ; (S, K, &c.;) [or لَنَسْفَعَا; (see أَلِفُ النُّونِ الخَفِيفَةِ in art. ا;)] the Arabs [sometimes] substituting ا for the quiescent ن [in a case of this kind]; (Sgh;) i. e. We will assuredly take by the ناصية (Az, S, TA) to the fire [of hell]: (Az, TA:) or we will assuredly lay hold upon his ناصية and drag him thereby with violence to the fire: (Bd:) or we will assuredly drag him thereby to the fire: (O, K:) or we will assuredly blacken his face; the ناصية being put for the face because it is the fore part thereof: (Fr, Az, K:) or we will assuredly mark him with the mark of the people of the fire, (O, K,) making his face black, and his eyes blue: (O:) or we will assuredly abase him: or, render him despicable: (O, K:) or we will assuredly abase him and make him to stand: so in the L and other lexicons; for these, instead of أولَنُقْمِئَنَّهُ in the O and K, have وَلَنُقِيمَنَّهُ, and this is shown to be the right reading by the last explanation in the sentence next preceding. (TA.) A2: سَفِعَ, aor. ـَ inf. n. سَفَعٌ, It (a thing) was, or became, of the colour termed سُفْعَة, i. e. black tinged, or intermixed, with red. (Msb.) 2 سَفَّعَ see 1; first sentence.3 سافعهُ, inf. n. مُسَافَعَةٌ, (S, TA,) (tropical:) He slapped him, being slapped by him: he struck him, or beat him, being struck, or beaten, by him: and he fought with him; namely his adversary: (TA:) [or he charged upon, or assaulted, or attacked, him, the latter doing the same; for] مُسَافَعَةٌ is like مُطَارَدَةٌ. (S.) b2: (assumed tropical:) He embraced him, being embraced by him. (TA.) 5 تسفّع He warmed himself, (K, TA,) بِالنَّارِ with the fire. (TA.) 8 اُسْتُفِعَ لَوْنُهُ His colour became altered by reason of fear, or the like, (K, TA,) as, for instance, disease. (TA.) b2: [اِسْتَفَعَ He, or it, became swollen, or affected with a tumour; for]

اِسْتِفَاعٌ is like تَهَبُّجٌ, (K, TA,) with ب before the ج. (TA: [in the CK تَهَيُّج.]) A2: اِسْتَفَعَ [from سَفْعٌ] He (a man) put on, or clad himself with, his garment: and اِسْتَفَعَتْ She (a woman) put on her garments. (TA.) سَفْعٌ مِنَ النَّارِ A mark, from fire, altering the colour of a man. (TA.) A2: سَفْعٌ also signifies A garment of any kind: (K:) but mostly such as is dyed: pl. سُفُوعٌ. (TA.) b2: [And hence, perhaps,] The spathe, or spadix, (طَلْع,) of a tree called ظِمْخٌ. (AA, T in art. ظمخ.) سُفْعٌ: see أَسْفَعُ, of which it is pl., though sometimes used as a subst.

سَفَعٌ: see سُفْعَةٌ.

سَفْعَةٌ (assumed tropical:) A stroke from a devil: (TA:) or a touch of madness or diabolical possession, in a person, as though a devil had laid hold upon his نَاصِيَة: (S, TA:) [see سَفَعَ بَنَاصِيَتِهِ:] or a stroke with the evil eye: (TA:) or a stroke of an [evil] eye by which one is affected from the jinn's looking at him; as also نَظْرَةٌ: (T in art. نظر:) or an evil eye. (K, TA: [in the CK, for سَفْعَةٌأىْ عَيْنٌ, is put سَفْعَةٌ أَوْ عَيْنٌ.]) One says, بَهِ سَفْعَةٌ In him is a touch of madness, &c. (S.) and أَصَابَتْهُ سَفْعَةٌ An evil eye smote him. (K, TA.) سُفْعَةٌ Blackness tinged, or intermixed, with redness: (Lth, S, Msb, K:) or blackness that is not much: or blackness with another colour: or blackness with blueness; or, with yellowness; accord. to the Towsheeh: but Lth says that, as meaning a colour, it has the first of all these meanings only: (TA:) or [simply] blackness. (Mgh.) In the face, it is A blackness in the cheeks of a wan, or haggard, woman: (S:) and ↓ سَفَعٌ [which is properly the inf. n. of سَفِعَ, q. v.,] a blackness tinged with redness in the cheeks of a wan, or haggard, woman, (O, K,) and of a sheep, or goat. (O.) One says also, أَرَىفِى وَجْهِهِ سُفْعَةً

مِنْ غَضَبٍ (tropical:) I see in his face a change to blackness in consequence of anger. (TA.) The سُفْعَة of the head is The blackness of its نَاصِيَة [i. e. fore part, or forelock, or hair over the forehead]. (El-Mufradát, TA.) And سُفَعٌ [which is the pl.] signifies Black spots, or specks, on the face of a bull. (TA.) b2: Also A spot of ground, in the traces of a house, differing, in its blackness, from the rest of the colour of the ground: (S, TA:) [i. e. a black, or dark, patch of ground where a house has stood:] or dung of beasts, (K, TA,) or sand, (TA,) or ashes, or sweepings commingled and compacted together, in the traces left by the inhabitants of a house, differing in colour from the ground [around]; (K, TA;) so says Lth. (TA.) سَافِعٌ [act. part. n. of سَفَعَ,] A man laying hold upon, or seizing, the نَاصِيَة [or forelock] of his horse [to mount him]. (S, * and Ham p. 7.) A2: سَوَافِعُ [pl. of سَافِعَةٌ,] Burning blasts of the [wind called] سَمُوم. (S, K.) أًسْفَعُ Of a black colour tinged, or intermixed, with redness: (S, Msb:) or black: (Mgh:) applied to a man: (S:) fem سَفْعَآءُ: (Mgh, Msb:) and سُفْعٌ [is the pl., and] signifies blacks inclining to redness. (K.) Applied to an ostrich, i. q. أَرْبَدُ [which is variously explained, as signifying Of a colour inclining to blackness, or of the colour of dust, &c.]. (TA.) And the fem., applied to a ewe, Having black cheeks, the rest of her being white. (TA.) The masc. also signifies A wild bull: (K:) or, applied to a wild bull, it signifies having in his cheeks a blackness inclining a little to redness. (TA.) And The hawk; (K;) because it has spots of black: (Er-Rághib:) all hawks are سُفْعٌ: (S:) and the fem., A pigeon (حَمَامَةٌ); because of the سُفْعَة upon its neck: (S:) or, applied to a pigeon, it signifies of which the سُفْعَة is upon its neck, (K, TA,) exclusively of the head, (TA,) in the part on each side of the neck above the ring. (K, * TA.) It is also a name for Sheep, or goats; used when they are called to be milked: (K:) so in the O: but in some copies, and in the TS, for the she-goat: (TA:) thus in the phrase, أَشْلِ إِلَيْكَ الأَسْفَعَ [Call thou to thee the sheep, or goats, or the she-goat, to be milked]: (O, TS, K:) mentioned by Ibn-'Abbád. (TA.) b2: Applied to a garment, or piece of cloth, Black. (K.) b3: ↓ The pl. is also applied to The أَثَافِىّ, (Lth, S, K,) or three stones upon which the cooking-pot is set up; (TA;) because of their blackness: (Lth, Er-Rághib:) [see حَاضِنٌ:] and a single one thereof is called سَفْعَآءُ: (K:) or an iron أُثْفِيَّة [meaning trivet], (K, TA,) upon which the cooking-pot is set up; and this is said to be the primary application. (TA.) b4: سُفْعٌ also signifies The seeds, or grain, of the colocynth; (Ibn-'Abbád, K;) because of their blackness: (TA:) n. un. with ة. (K.) مُسَفَّعٌ applied to a man clad in armour, Black from the rust of the iron. (TA.) Applied to a bull, Having black spots, or specks, on his face. (TA.) مَسْفُوعٌ A man (I'Ab) smitten by an evil eye. (I 'Ab, K.) b2: مَسْفُوعُ العَيْنِ A man whose eye is sunk, or depressed, in his head. (I 'Ab, K.) b3: [See also مَشْفُوعٌ.]

مُسَافِعٌ (assumed tropical:) Striking, or beating, another, being struck, or beaten, by him. (K.) (assumed tropical:) Charging upon, or assaulting, or attacking, another who is doing the same. (K.) b2: [And hence,] (assumed tropical:) The lion (K, TA) that prostrates his prey. (TA.) b3: (assumed tropical:) Embracing. (K.) b4: (tropical:) I. q. مُسَافِحٌ; (Ibn-'Abbád, K;) i. e. having sexual intercourse without marriage. (TA.)

سمك

1 سَمَكَ, [aor. ـُ inf. n. سُمُوكٌ, It (a thing) rose, or became high or elevated or lofty. (S, K.) b2: And, aor. and inf. n. as above, He ascended. (TA.) One says, اُسْمُكْ فِى الرَّيْمِ Ascend thou the stairs. (S, TA. [See رَيْمٌ.]) A2: and سَمَكَهُ, (S, K,) aor. as above, (TA,) inf. n. سَمْكٌ, He raised, elevated, upraised, or uplifted, it. (S, K.) So in the phrase, سَمَكَ اللّٰهُ السَّمَآءَ [God raised the heaven]. (S.) سَمْكٌ The roof of a house, or chamber: (S, Mgh, * K: *) or the interior uppermost part [i. e. the ceiling] of a house, or chamber; the exterior uppermost part thereof being called صَهْوَةٌ: (Ham p. 725:) or [the height] from the top to the bottom of a house or chamber. (K.) [and hence, The canopy of the heaven or sky: or] the measure of the height of the heaven from the earth: or the thickness thereof, upwards. (Bd in lxxix. 28.) And The stature, or height in a standing posture, or anything: (K:) thus expl. by Lth: one says بِعِيرٌ طَوِيلُ السَّمْكِ [A camel tall of stature]. (TA.) [In the present day, it signifies The extent of anything from top to bottom; its height, depth, and thickness: and is vulgarly pronounced سُمْك.]

سَمَكٌ Fish; syn. حُوتٌ; (K;) a kind of aquatic creatures: [a coll. gen. n.:] n. un. with ة: pl. of the former سِمَاكٌ and سُمُوكٌ. (S, TA.) شَوَى

فِى الحَرِيقِ سَمَكَتَهُ [He broiled his fish in the fire of a burning house] is a post-classical prov. of the people of Baghdád, relating to the concealing, disguising, or cloaking, of a fault, for the purpose of seizing an opportunity; orginating from the fact that the thief used, when he saw the fire of a burning house in a place, to go thither for the purpose of theft; and if it were in his power, he did what he desired; and if he were lighted on, he said, I came to broil a fish. (Mtr, in Har pp. 481-2.) b2: السَّمَكَةُ [is a name of (tropical:) The constellation Pisces; also called السَّمَكَتَانِ;] a certain sign of the Zodiac; (K, TA;) thought by ISd to be so called because it is a watery sign; and also called الحُوتُ. (TA.) سِمَاكٌ A thing with which a thing is raised, elevated, upraised, or uplifted; (K, TA;) whether a wall or a roof: (TA:) pl. سُمُكٌ. (K.) A2: السِّمَاكَانِ is the name of Two bright stars; السِّمَاكُ الأَعْزَلُ and السِّمَاكُ الرَّامِحُ: (S, O, K:) the former is a star [namely a] in Virgo, called by astrologers السُّنْبُلَةُ [or Spica Virginis]; (Kzw;) and is one of the Mansions of the Moon, (S, O, and Kzw in his descr. of the Mansions of the Moon,) the Fourteenth thereof; (Kzw ibid.;) it is one of the أَنْوَآء [pl. of نَوْءٌ, q. v.], and rises aurorally in تِشْرِينُ الأَوَّلُ [October, O. S.; its auroral rising, in Central Arabia, about the commencement of the era of the Flight, began on the 4th of that month]; it is called الا عزل because it has no star [near] before it, like the اعزل that has with him no spear; or, as some say, because, when it rises [aurorally], it is not accompanied by wind nor by cold: (TA:) the latter سِمَاك, i. e. الرَّامِحُ, [thus called for a reason expl. in art. رمح, q. v., is the star Arcturus, and] is not of the Mansions of the Moon, (S, O, TA,) and has not any نَوْء [here meaning supposed influence in bringing rain &c.]; it is towards the north; the former being towards the south; (TA;) and is also called السِّمَاكُ المِرْزَمُ: (Az, TA in art. رمح:) [it is erroneously said that] the سماكان are in the sign of Libra: (TA:) and it is said that they are the two kind legs of Leo (رِجْلَا الأَسَدِ): (S, O, K: *) [for it appears, as I have before observed, (voce ذِرَاعٌ,) that the ancient Arabs, or many of them, extended the figure of Leo (as they did also that of Scorpio) far beyond the limits which we assign to it: and hence,] السماك الا عزل was also called سَاقُ الأَسَدِ [the thigh, or the hind shank, of Leo]. (Kzw in his descr. of Virgo.) The rhyming-proser says, إِذَا طَلَعَ السِّمَاكْ ذَهَبَ العِكَاكْ فَأَصْلِحْ فِنَاكْ وَأَجِدَّ حِذَاكْ فَإِنَّ الشِّتَآءَ قَدْ أَتَاكْ [When السماك rises aurorally, (i. e. السماك الا عزل,) the sultriness has gone, therefore do thou put thy court, or yard, in good condition, and renew thy sandal, for the winter has come to thee: فِنَاك and حِذَاك being contractions of فِنَآءَك and حِذَآءَك, for the sake of the rhyme]. (O, TA.) The نَوْء [here app. meaning the rain consequent upon the auroral setting] of السماك الاعزل [about the 4th of April, O. S. in Central Arabia] is abundant, but disapproved, because it gives growth to the نَشْر [q. v.], which diseases the camels that pasture upon it. (Kzw in his descr. of the Mansions of the Moon.) [The epithet ↓ سِمَاكِىٌّ is applied to the rain above mentioned.] b2: السِّمَاكُ also signifies, (K,) or سِمَاكُ التَّرْقُوَةِ, (Ibn-'Abbád, O,) The upper part of the chest, next to the collar-bone. (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K.) سِمَاكِىٌّ: see the next preceding paragraph.

سُمَيْكَآءُ i. q. حُسَاسٌ; (S, O, K;) i. e. Certain small fish, which are dried; also called هِفٌّ. (O, TA.) سَمَّاكٌ A fishmonger. (MA.) سَنَامٌ سَامِكٌ A high, (S, TA,) or long and high, and plump, (TA,) camel's hump. (S, TA.) b2: شَرَفُكَ تَامِكٌ وَإِقْبَالُكَ سَامِكٌ (tropical:) [Thy nobility is lofty, and thy good fortune is high]. (A and Ta in art. تمك.) المُسْمَكَاتُ The heavens; (K;) which are seven in number: (TA:) or so ↓ المَسْمُوكَاتُ: (S:) or this is wrong; or it is a dial. var.: (K:) the latter word is used by the vulgar, but is correct. (TA.) مِسْمَاكٌ A pole of a [tent such as is called] خِبَآء, (S, K,) which latter is raised thereby. (S.) مَسْمُوكٌ Tall; (IDrd, O, K;) applied to a man. (IDrd, O.) b2: And, applied to a horse, [من الحَبْلِ in the CK being a mistake for مِنَ الخَيْلِ,] (tropical:) Firm (Ibn-'Abbád, Z, O, K, TA) in the [ribs called] جَوَانِح. (Z, TA.) b3: المَسْمُوكَاتُ: see المُسْمَكَاتُ.

بَيْتٌ مُسْتَمِكٌ and ↓ مُنْسَمِكٌ A tall house or tent. (TA.) مُنْسَمِكٌ: see what next precedes.

شرح

1 شَرَحَ, aor. ـَ (K,) inf. n. شَرْحٌ, (S, O,) He uncovered, laid open, displayed, exposed to view, discovered, revealed, or disclosed. (S, O, K.) b2: [Hence,] one says, شَرَحَ أَمْرَهُ (tropical:) He showed, discovered, disclosed, or made apparent, his affair, or case. (A, TA.) And شَرَحَ مَسْأَلَةً (A, TA) (tropical:) He explained a question; (TA;) he explained, or made manifest, the answer to a question. (A.) And شَرَحَ الغَامِضَ (assumed tropical:) He expounded, explained, or interpreted, what was obscure, recondite, or abstruse. (S, O.) And شَرَحَ الحَدِيثَ, inf. n. as above, (assumed tropical:) He expounded, explained, or interpreted, the tradition; showed, or made apparent, its meaning. (Msb.) b3: And شَرَحَ, aor. as above, (K,) and so the inf. n., (O, TA,) He opened (O, K, TA) a thing of any kind, of any substance or material. (TA.) b4: (tropical:) He defloured a virgin: (O, K, TA:) or (tropical:) he compressed a woman, (A, L,) or a virgin, (K,) lying on her back; (A, L, K;) or he threw, or laid, upon her back, and then compressed, his female slave, or young woman. (O, L.) b5: He widened, or dilated, a thing. (K.) b6: Hence, (TA,) شَرَحَ اللّٰهُ صَدْرَهُ, (S, A, Mgh, O, Msb, TA,) aor. as above, (TA,) and so the inf. n., (Msb, TA,) (assumed tropical:) God dilated his bosom, (Mgh, O, Msb, TA,) لِقَبُولِ الخَيْرِ [for the acceptance, or favourable acceptance, of what was good], (O, TA,) and لِلْإِسْلَامِ (Mgh, Msb, TA) for the acceptance, or favourable acceptance, [of El-Islám, or] of the truth, (Msb, TA,) as in the Kur [xxxix. 23]. (TA. [Said in the TA to be tropical; but not so in the A, being mentioned in the latter as proper.]) [And hence, an objective complement being app. understood,] فُلَانٌ يَشْرَحُ

إِلَى الدُّنْيَا (tropical:) Such a one manifests desire for the things of the present world: (A:) or such a one becomes dilated in the bosom at the prospect of the things of the present world, and desirous of acquiring them, with large desire. (O, * L.) and مَا لِى أَرَاكَ تَشْرَحُ إِلَى كُلِّ رِيبَةٍ (tropical:) What aileth me that I see thee manifesting desire for everything occasioning doubt, or suspicion, or evil opinion? (A, TA.) b7: Also He cut; and so ↓ شرّح. (K.) You say, شَرَحَ اللَّحْمَ, (A, O, Msb, TA,) inf. n. as above; (O;) and ↓ شرّحهُ, (A, O, Msb, TA,) inf. n. تَشْرِيحٌ; (S, O, TA;) the former meaning He cut the flesh-meat lengthwise [or into an oblong slice or into such slices]: and the latter, he so cut it much or into many [such] pieces [or slices]: (Msb:) or the former, he cut the flesh-meat from the joint or limb: or both signify he cut the flesh-meat upon the bone: (L, TA:) or شَرْحُ اللَّحْمِ signifies تَصْفِيفُهُ; and so ↓ تَشْرِيحُهُ: (O:) or التَّصْفِيفُ is a kind of ↓ تَشْرِيح; i. e. the cutting a piece of flesh-meat thin, so that it is translucent by reason of its thinness, and then throwing it upon the live coals. (TA.) b8: Also, (K,) inf. n. as above, (O,) He understood (O, K) speech, or language. (TK.) b9: And شَرْحٌ also signifies The act of keeping, preserving, or guarding. (TA.) [And particularly The guarding of seed-produce from the birds; (see شَارِحٌ;) as also شِرَاحَةٌ; (see 1 in art. خفر, fourth sentence;) each an inf. n., of which the verb is شَرَحَ.]2 شَرَّحَ The inf. n. تَشْرِيحٌ signifies The expounding, explaining, or interpreting, well, language, or discourse. (KL.) b2: See also 1, latter half, in four places. b3: [Also The dissecting, or anatomizing, a body.]7 انشرح صَدْرُهُ (S, A, O) His bosom became dilated, (O,) [with joy or the like, or] لِلْإِسْلَامِ [for the acceptance, or favourable acceptance, of El-Islám]. (S.) 10 استشرح He asked for language to be expounded, explained, or interpreted, to him: or for flesh-meat to be cut for him in the manner termed شَرْحٌ. (O.) شَرْحٌ inf. n. of 1. (S, O, &c.) b2: [An exposition, explanation, or interpretation, in the form of a running commentary, comprising the entire text of the work which it expounds; distinguished from a حَاشِيَة, which is a commentary only on particular words and passages: pl. شُرُوحٌ.]

شَرْحَةٌ: see شَرِيحَةٌ. b2: شَرْحَةٌ مِنَ الظِّبَآءِ Flesh-meat of gazelles cut in the manner termed شَرْح [i. e. into oblong slices], (TA,) such as is brought in a dry state, just as it was, not مُقَدَّد [which means cut into strips and then dried by exposure to the sun]. (ISh, O, K, TA.) شَرَاحٌ The discovery, disclosure, or explanation, of an affair or a case: so in the prov., النَّجَاحُ مَعَ الشَّرَاحِ [The accomplishment of one's want is with the discovery, or disclosure, or explanation, thereof]; meaning, discover thou, or disclose, or explain, to me my affair, or case, for the doing so is one of the means of accomplishing my want: thus expl. by As. (Meyd. [In the TA, من is put in the place of مع. See a similar prov. voce سَرَاحٌ.]) شَرِيحٌ, applied to flesh-meat, i. q. ↓ مَشْرُوحٌ [i. e. Cut into oblong slices]. (O.) b2: See also شَرِيحَةٌ, in two places.

شُرَيْحٌ The vulva of a woman; (O, K;) and (K) so ↓ مَشْرَحٌ: (A, Mgh, K:) or a proper name for the vulva of a woman; like as رُمَيْحٌ is a proper name for “ the penis. ” (TA in art. رمح.

[Golius appears to have found in the K الحَرُّ in the place of الحِرُ.]) شَرِيحَةٌ A cut piece of flesh-meat, (S, A, O, K,) as also ↓ شَرِيحٌ and ↓ شَرْحَةٌ, (K,) such as is مَشْرُوح [or cut into oblong slices]; (O;) [i. e. an oblong slice of flesh-meat:] or a thin piece, or slice, of flesh-meat: (L, TA:) and any extended piece of fat flesh-meat; (S, O;) as also ↓ شَرِيحٌ: (S:) pl. of the first شَرَائِحُ. (A.) شَارِحٌ [An expositor, explainer, or interpreter, of a book or the like. b2: And] A keeper, or guardian. (TA.) In the dial. of El-Yemen, (O, TA,) A guardian of seed-produce from the birds (O, K, TA) amp;c. (O, TA.) مَشْرَحٌ: see شُرَيْحٌ. b2: [Also] The سَافِلَة [i. e. podex, or anus,] of a man. (O.) مَشْرُوحٌ: see شَرِيحٌ.

A2: Also The سَرَاب [or mirage]: (K: [In the CK, الشَّرَابُ is put in the place of السَّرَابُ:]) mentioned on the authority of Th: and مَسْرُوحٌ [q. v.] is a dial. var. thereof. (TA.)